حلم

1 حَلَمَ, (S, Msb, K, [in the CK, erroneously, حَلُمَ,]) aor. ـُ inf. n. حُلْمٌ (Msb, TA) and حُلُمٌ, of which the former is a contraction, (Msb,) [both used also as simple substs.,] He dreamed, or saw a dream or vision (S, Msb, K) فِى نَوْمِهِ (K) in his sleep; (S, * Msb, K;) as also ↓ احتلم (S, ISd, Msb, K,) and ↓ انحلم, (ISd, K,) and ↓ تحلّم. (K.) You say, حَلَمَ بِهِ, (S, K, [in the CK, again, erroneously, حَلُمَ,]) and عَنْهُ, (K,) and عَنْهُ ↓ تحلّم, (TA,) and حَلَمَهُ also, (S,) He dreamed, or saw a dream or vision, of it: (S, K:) or he saw it in sleep. (M, K.) And حَلَمَ بِالمَرْأَةِ He (a man) dreamed in his sleep that he was compressing the woman. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] حُلْمٌ and ↓ اِحْتِلَامٌ signify [The dreaming of] copulation in sleep: (K:) and the verbs are حَلَمَ and ↓ احتلم. (TA.) And [hence,] both signify The experiencing an emission of the seminal fluid; properly, in dreaming; and tropically if meaning, without dreaming, whether awake or in sleep, or by extension of the signification. (TA.) And hence, (Mgh,) حَلَمَ, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـُ inf. n. حُلْمٌ; (Mgh;) and ↓ احتلم; (Mgh, Msb;) He (a boy) attained to puberty, (Msb,) [or] to virility. (Mgh, Msb.) A2: حَلُمَ, with damm [to the ل], inf. n. حِلْمٌ, (S, Msb, K,) [He was, or became, forbearing, or clement;] he forgave and concealed [offences]: or he was, or became, moderate, gentle, deliberate, leisurely in his manner of proceeding or of deportment &c., patient as meaning contr. of hasty, grave, staid, sedate, or calm; (S, K;) and (assumed tropical:) intelligent: (K:) or he managed his soul and temper on the occasion of excitement of anger. (TA.) [See حِلْمٌ below.] You say, حَلْمَ عَنْهُ and ↓ تحلّم [He treated him with forbearance, or clemency, &c.]: both signify the same. (TA.) And يَحْلُمُ عَمَّنْ يَسُبُّهُ [He treats with forbearance, or clemency, &c., him who reviles him]. (TA in art. حمل.) A3: حَلِمَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. حَلَمٌ, (TA,) He (a camel) had [upon him] many ticks, such as are termed حَلَم. (K.) b2: Also the same verb, (S, K,) with the same inf. n., (S,) It (a hide, or skin,) had in it worms, such as are termed حَلَم, (S, K, TA,) whereby it was spoilt and perforated, (S, TA,) so that it became useless. (TA.) A poet says, (S,) namely, El-Weleed Ibn-'Okbeh, TA,) فَإِنَّكَ وَالكِتَابَ إِلَى عَلِىٍّ

كَذَابِغَةٍ وَقَدْ حَلِمَ الأَدِيمُ [For verily thou, as to the letter, or writing, to 'Alee, art like a woman tanning when the hide has become spoilt and perforated by worms]: (S, TA:) he was urging Mo'áwiyeh to contend in battle with 'Alee, [as though] saying to him, Thou labourest to rectify a matter that has become completely corrupt, like this woman who tans the hide that has become perforated and spoilt by the حَلَم. (TA.) [The latter hemistich of this verse is a prov.: see Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 346.]

A4: حَلَمَهُ, (K,) inf. n. حَلْمٌ, (TA,) He plucked the حَلَم from it; [app., accord. to the K, the worms thus called from a hide, or skin;] as also ↓ حلّمهُ: (K:) or, accord. to Az, he took from him, namely, a camel, the [ticks called]

حَلَم. (TA.) 2 حلّمهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَحْلِيمٌ (S, K) and حِلَّامٌ, like كِذَّابٌ, (K,) signifies جَعَلَهُ حَلِيمًا [i. e. He made him to be forbearing, or clement, &c.; or he pronounced him to be so; or he called him so; or he held, or believed, or though, him to be so]: (S, K:) or he enjoined him الحِلْم [i. e. forbearance, or clemency, &c.]: (K:) or he attributed to him الحِلْم. (Mgh, Msb.) A2: حلم [so in the TA, evidently حلّم, (see 5, its quasi-pass.,)] also signifies It fattened a lamb, or kid; said of sucking. (TA.) b2: and He filled a skin. (TA.) A3: See also 1, last sentence.4 احلمت She (a woman) brought forth حُلَمَآء

[i. e. children that were forbearing, or clement, &c.]. (K.) 5 تحلّم: see 1, first and second sentences. b2: Also He affected, or pretended, to dream, or see a vision in sleep: whence, in a trad., تَحَلَّمَ مَا لَمْ يَحْلُمْ [He affected, or pretended, to have dreamed that which he did not dream]. (TA.) And He asserted himself falsely to have dreamed, or seen a vision in sleep. (TA.) And تحلّم الحُلْمَ i. q. اِسْتَعْمَلَهُ [He feigned the dream; or made use of it as a pretext]. (K.) A2: He affected, or endeavoured to acquire, (تَكَلَّفَ) [the quality termed] الحِلْم [i. e. forbearance, or clemency, &c.]. (S, K.) A poet says, تَحَلَّمْ عَنِ الأَدْنَيْنَ وَاسْتَبْقِ وُدَّهُمْ وَلَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ الحِلْمَ حَتَّى تَحَلَّمَا [Endeavour thou to treat with forbearance the meaner sort of people, and preserve their love; for thou wilt not be able to be forbearing unless thou endeavour to be so]. (S.) b2: See also حَلُمَ عَنْهُ. b3: [Hence,] تَحَلَّمَتِ القِدْرُ (tropical:) The cooking-pot ceased to boil; contr. of جَهِلَت (TA in art. جهل.) b4: See also 6.

A3: It became fat; said of the [kind of lizard called] ضَبّ; (L in art. ملح;) and likewise of cattle: (K:) [or] it became fat and compact; said of a child, and of the ضَبّ: (S:) [or] it began to be fat; said of a child, and of the ضَبّ, (K,) and of the jerboa, and of the قُرَاد [or tick]; in the K, erroneously, جَرَاد. (TA.) b2: تَحَلَّمَتِ القِرْبَةُ The skin became full. (TA.) 6 تحالم He made a show of having الحِلْم [i. e. forbearance, or clemency, &c.], not having it; (S, TA; *) and ↓ تحلّم [in like manner] signifies [sometimes] he made a show of الحِلْم; expl. by أَظْهَرَ الحِلْمَ. (TA in art. فصح.) 7 إِنْحَلَمَ see 1.8 إِحْتَلَمَ see 1, in four places.

حَلْمٌ: see حِلْمٌ.

حُلْمٌ an inf. n. of حَلَمَ; as also ↓ حُلُمٌ. (Msb.) b2: And A dream, or vision in sleep; (S, K;) as also ↓ حُلُمٌ: (K:) accord. to most of the lexicologists, as well as F, syn. with رُؤْيَا: or it is specially such as is evil; and رؤيا is the contr.: this is corroborated by the trad., الرُّؤْيَا مِنَ اللّٰهِ وَالحُلْمُ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ [The رؤيا is from God, and the حلم is from the Devil]: (MF:) and by the phrase, in the Kur [xii. 44 and xxi. 5], أَضْغَاثُ

أَحْلَامٍ [The confused circumstances of dreams, or of evil dreams]: but each is used in the place of the other: (TA:) أَحْلَامٌ is the pl. (K.) b3: أَحْلَامُ نَائِمٍ [lit. The dreams of a sleeper;] a kind of thick cloths, or garments, (IKh, Z, TA,) striped, of the people of El-Medeeneh. (Z, TA.) حِلْمٌ [Forbearance; clemency;] the quality of forgiving and concealing [offences]: (Msb:) or moderation; gentleness; deliberateness; a leisurely manner of proceding, or of deportment, &c.; patience, as meaning contr. of hastiness: gravity; staidness; sedateness; calmness: syn. أَنَاةٌ: (S, K:) or these qualities with power or ability [to exercise the contrary qualities]; expl. by أَنَاةٌ and سُكُونٌ with قُدْرَةٌ and قُوَّةٌ: (Kull p. 167:) or the management of one's soul and temper on the occasion of excitement of anger: (TA:) or tranquillity on the occasion of emotion of anger: or delay in requiting the wrongdoer: (KT:) it is described by the term ثِقَلٌ, or gravity; like as its contr. [سَفَهٌ] is described by the terms خِقَّةٌ and عَجَلٌ, or levity, or lightness, and hastiness: (TA in art. رجح:) also (assumed tropical:) intelligence; (K;) which is not its proper signification, but a meaning assigned because it is one of the results of intelligence: and ↓ حَلْمٌ, with fet-h, is likewise said to have this last meaning; but this requires consideration: (TA:) the former is one of those inf. ns. that are [used as simple substs., and therefore] pluralized: (ISd, TA:) the pl. [of pauc.] is أَحْلَامٌ and [of mult.] حُلُومٌ. (K.) Hence, in the Kur [lii. 32], أَمْ تَأْمُرُهُمْ أَحْلَامُهُمْ بِهٰذَا (K,) said to mean (assumed tropical:) Do their understandings enjoin them this? (TA.) And أُولُو الأَحْلَامِ, occurring in a trad., means (assumed tropical:) Persons of understanding. (TA.) حَلَمٌ: see حَلَمَةٌ, in two places.

حَلِمٌ A camel having [upon him] many ticks, such as are called حَلَم. (K.) And A camel spoilt by the abundance of those ticks that were upon him. (TA.) b2: Also A hide, or skin, spoilt and perforated by [the worms termed] حَلَم: and ↓ حَلِيمٌ, [in like manner,] a hide, or skin, spoilt by the حَلَم before it is stripped off. (TA.) And عَنَاقٌ حَلِمَةٌ A she-kid whose skin has been spoilt by the حَلَم; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ تَحْلِمَةٌ, of which the pl. is تَحَالِمُ: (K:) the pl. of حَلِمَةٌ is حِلَامٌ. (TA.) حُلُمٌ: see حُلْمٌ, in two places. b2: Also A [dream of] copulation in sleep. (K.) Hence, بَلَغَ الحُلُمَ He attained to puberty, or virility, in an absolute sense. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [xxiv. 58], وَإِذَا بَلَغَ الأَطْفَالُ مِنْكُمُ الحُلُمَ فَلْيَسْتَأْذِنُوا [And when your children attain to puberty, or virility, they shall ask permission to come into your presence]. (TA.) [And hence,] أَضْرَاسُ الحُلُمِ, (also called أَضْرَاسُ العَقْلِ, TA in art. ضرس,) [The teeth of puberty, or wisdom-teeth,] so called because they grow after the attaining to puberty, and the completion of the intellectual faculties: (S, L, Msb, all in art. نجذ:) they are four teeth that come forth after the [other] teeth have become strong. (TA in art. ضرس.) حَلَمَةٌ A small tick: (K:) or a large tick; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) like عُلٌّ; (S;) and said to be like the head [or nipple, when small,] of a woman's breast: (Msb:) or a tick in the last stage of its growth; for at first, when small, it is called قَمْقَامَةٌ; then, حَمْنَانَةٌ; then, قُرَادٌ; and then, حَلَمَةٌ: (As, TA:) the pl., (S,) or [rather] coll. gen. n., (Mgh, Msb,) is ↓ حَلَمٌ. (S, Mgh, Msb.) b2: And hence, as being likened thereto, (Mgh,) (assumed tropical:) The head [or nipple, when small,] of a woman's breast, (T, S, Mgh,) in the middle of the سَعْدَانَة [or areola]; (T, TA;) in like manner called قُرَادٌ: (Mgh:) the little thing rising from the breast of a woman: (TA:) the حَبَّة [or small extuberance like a pimple] upon the head of the breast of a woman: (Msb:) the ثُؤْلُول [or small excrescence] in the middle of the breast of a woman: (K:) and the head [or nipple] of each of the two breasts of a man: (Msb:) the two together are termed ِحَلَمَتَان: (S:) the protuberant piece of flesh is termed حَلَمَةٌ as being likened in size to a large tick. (Msb.) b3: Also A certain worm, incident to the upper and lower skin of a sheep or goat, (As, S,) in consequence of which, when the skin is tanned, the place thereof remains thin: (S:) or a certain worm, incident to skin, which it eats, so that, when the skin is tanned, the place of the eating rends: pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ حَلَمٌ. (K.) A2: And A species of plant; (S, K;) accord. to As, also called يَنَمَةٌ: (S:) As is also related to have said that it is a plant of the kind termed عُشْب, having a dusty hue, a rough feel, and a red flower: another says that it grows in Nejd, in the sands, has a blossom, and roughish leaves, and thorns resembling the nails of a man; and that the camels suffer adhesion of the spleen to the side, and their young are cast, [for وتزل اخياكها (an evident mistranscription in the TA), I read وَتزِلُّ أَحْبَالُها,] when they depasture it from the dry branches: accord. to AHn, it is [a plant] less than a cubit [in height], having a thick, or rough, leaf, and branches, and a flower like that of the anemone, except that it is larger, and thicker, or rougher: accord. to the K, it signifies also the tree [or plant] called سَعْدَان; which is one of the most excellent kinds of pasture: but Az says, it has nothing in common with the سعدان, which is a herb having round [heads of] prickles; whereas the حلمة has no prickles, but is a well-known kind of جَنْبَة; and I have seen it: (TA:) [Dmr, accord. to Golius, describes it as “ a herb less than the arnoglossa ” (or arnoglossum), “ whitening in the leaves, and downy. ”]

حَلِيمٌ Having حِلْم [i. e. forbearance, or clemency, &c.; forbearing, or clement, &c.]: (Mgh, Msb, K:) pl. حُلَمَآءُ and أَحْلَامٌ. (K.) In the Kur xi. 89, it is said to be used by way of scoffing [or irony]. (TA.) الحَلِيمُ is one of the names of God; meaning [The Forbearing, or Clement, &c.; or] He Whom the disobedience of the disobedient does not flurry, nor anger against them disquiet, but Who has appointed to everything a term to which it must finally come. (TA.) b2: حَلِيمَةٌ مُغْتَاظَةٌ (tropical:) [lit. Calm, angry; or the like; because what it contains is sometimes still and sometimes boiling;] is an appellation given to a stone cooking-pot. (A and TA in art. غيظ.) A2: A fat camel: (S:) or a camel becoming fat. (ISd, K.) ISd says, I know not any unaugmented verb belonging to it in this sense. (TA.) A3: and Coming fat. (ISd, K.) A4: See also حَلِمٌ.

حَالِمٌ originally signifies ↓ مُحْتَلِمٌ [i. e. Dreaming: and particularly dreaming of copulation: and experiencing an emission of the seminal fluid in dreaming]. (Mgh.) b2: Hence used in a general sense, (Mgh,) meaning One who has attained to puberty, or virility; (A Heyth, Mgh, Msb, TA;) as also ↓ مُحْتَلِمٌ. (Msb, TA.) حَالُومٌ A sort of أَقِط [q. v. ; i. e. a certain preparation of dried curd]: (ISd, K:) or milk that is made thick, so that it becomes like fresh cheese; (S, K;) but this it is not: (S:) a word of the dial. of Egypt. (TA.) أَحْلَامٌ Bodies; syn. أَجْسَامٌ. (ISd, K.) ISd says, I know not any sing. of it [in this sense]. (TA.) A2: It is also pl. of حُلْمٌ: A3: and of حِلْمٌ: A4: and of حَلِيمٌ. (K.) تَحْلِمَةٌ: see حَلِمٌ.

مُحْتَلِمٌ: see حَالِمٌ, in two places.

سد

1 سَدَّ, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. سَدٌّ; (S, M, Mgh, Msb;) and ↓ سدّد; (M;) [but the latter has an intensive signification, or relates to several objects;] He closed, or closed up, an interstice, or intervening space: (M:) and stopped, or stopped up, (M,) or repaired, and made firm or strong, (S, A, K,) a breach, or gap, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and the like. (S, Msb.) b2: [Hence one says,] سُدَّتْ عَلَيْهِ الطَّرِيقُ (assumed tropical:) [The road, or way, became closed, or stopped, against him]. (K.) And سُدَّ طَرِيقُهُ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمَنْ خَلْفِهِ (assumed tropical:) [His road, or way, became closed, or stopped, before him and behind him]. (Zj, M.) And سَدَّ الأُفُقَ (tropical:) [It obstructed the horizon]; said of a multitudinous swarm of locusts. (S, A, * K.) And سَدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ, and ↓ أَسَدَّ, It closed, or obstructed, against them, the horizon; [الأُفُقَ being understood;] said of a collection of clouds rising. (M.) And سَدَّ مَا وَرَآءَهُ [It barred, or excluded, what was behind it]. (M.) b3: [Hence also,] سَدَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ بَابَ الكَلَامِ (assumed tropical:) [I closed, or stopped, to him the door of speech; i. e.] I prevented him from speaking; as though I closed, or stopped, his mouth. (Msb.) And مَا سَدَدْتُ عَلَى لَهَوَاتِ خَصْمٍ قَطُّ (assumed tropical:) I never stopped the way of speech of an adversary, nor prevented his saying what was in his mind. (Shureyh, Mgh.) And مَا سَدَدْتُ عَلَى خَصْمٍ قَطُّ (assumed tropical:) I never stopped an adversary from speaking; (El-Fáïk, Mgh, L;) on the authority of Esh-Shaabee: (Mgh:) occurring in a trad. (L.) b4: And أَبِيهِ ↓ هُوَ يَسُدُّ مَسَدَّ (tropical:) [He fills up, or supplies, the place of his father]: and ↓ يَسُدُّونَ مَسَدَّ أَسْلَافِهِمْ (tropical:) [They fill up, or supply, the place of their ancestors]. (A, TA.) And يُسَدُّ بِهِ الحَاجَةُ (tropical:) Want is supplied thereby: (M, * TA:) [whence the saying,] تَصَدَّقُوا وَلَوْ بِتَمْرَةٍ فَإِنَّهَا تَسُدُّ مِنَ الجَائِعِ (assumed tropical:) [Give ye something as alms, though it be but a date, or a dried date; for it will supply somewhat of the want of the hungry]: a trad. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer.) and يَسُدُّ الرَّمَقَ (assumed tropical:) [It stays, or arrests, the remains of life; as though it stopped the passage of the last breath from the body; or] it maintains, and preserves, the strength. (Msb in art. رمق.) b5: and سَدَّهُ (assumed tropical:) He attributed, or imputed, to him, or he charged him with, or accused him of, a fault; [as though he thereby stopped his mouth; (see سَدٌّ;)] as also سَتَّهُ. (TA in art. ست.) A2: سَدَّ, aor. ـِ (S, L, K,) with kesr, (S,) inf. n. سَدَادٌ and سُدُودٌ, (L, the former inf. n. expl. in the S and K as signifying اِسْتِقَامَةٌ,) said of a spear, and an arrow, (TA,) and a saying, (S,) and an action, (TA,) or a thing [absolutely]; (L;) or سَدَّ, [sec. Pers\. سَدِدْتَ,] aor. ـَ with fet-h to the س, (A,) inf. n. سَدَدٌ, (TK, expl. in the S and K as signifying اِسْتِقَامَةٌ, like سَدَادٌ, of which it is said in the S to be a contraction,) said of a saying, and an affair; (A;) or سَدَّ, aor. ـِ and يَسَدُّ, inf. n. سَدَدٌ; (MA;) i. q. صَارَ سَدِيدًا [i. e. It was, or became, right, direct, or in a right state; it had, or took, a right direction or tendency; it tended towards the right point or object]: (S, A, L, K, TA:) and [in like manner] ↓ استدّ is syn. with اِسْتَقَامَ [which signifies the same]; (S, K;) as also ↓ اسدّ and ↓ تسدّد: (TA:) ↓ استدّ said of an affair signifies it was, or became, rightly ordered or disposed; in a right state. (Msb.) You say, لَهُ ↓ تسدّد and ↓ استدّ It was, or became, rightly directed towards it. (M.) And سَاعِدُهُ ↓ استدّ and ↓ تسدّد His fore arm was, or became, in a right state, or rightly directed, عَلَى الرَّمْىِ [ for shooting]; syn. استقام. (A.) A poet says, سَاعِدُهُ رَمَانِى ↓ فَلَمَّا اسْتَدَّ أُعَلِّمُهُ الرِّمَايَةَ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ [I teaching him the art of shooting every day; and when his fore arm became in a right state, he shot me]: As says that [the reading] اشتدّ, with ش, is not to be regarded. (S, TA.) b2: and سَدَّ, aor. ـِ with kesr to the س, (A, Msb, TA,) inf. n. سُدُودٌ (Msb) [and app. also, as above, سَدَادٌ, q. v. infrà], is said of a man, (A, Msb, TA,) in like manner meaning صَارَ سَدِيدًا [i. e. He was, or became, in a right state; he had, or took, a right direction or tendency; he tended towards the right point or object]: (A, TA:) or, (Msb,) as also ↓ اسدّ, (S, K, TA,) he hit the right thing (S, Msb, K, TA,) in his saying (S, Msb, TA) and in his action: (Msb:) or ↓ اسدّ signifies he said, or did, what was right: (Msb:) or he sought what was right; (L, K;) as also ↓ سدّد; (L;) or it has this last meaning also. (S, * L.) You say, ↓ إِنَّهُ لَيُسِدُّ فِى القَوْلِ Verily he hits the right thing in the saying. (S, L.) And قَدْ أَسْدَدْتَ ↓ مَا شِئْتَ (S, * L) is said to a man when he seeks [or has sought] what is right, (S,) meaning Thou hast sought what is right; whether the person thus addressed have hit the right thing or not. (L.) One says also, سَدَّ عَلَيْكَ الرَّجُلُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. سد [app. a mistranscription for سَدَاد or سُدُود], The man said, or did, what was right [against thee]: so in the handwriting of Sh. (Az, TA.) 2 سَدَّّ see 1, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] سدّد مَلْأَهُ [He filled it up]; namely, a vessel, and a water-ing-trough. (Aboo-Sa'eed, TA in art. خنق.) b3: And سدّد عَلَيْهِمْ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ قَالُوهُ (assumed tropical:) He annulled, in opposing them, everything that they said. (Jábir, as related by Aboo-'Adnán.) A2: سدّدهُ, (S, A, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَسْدِيدٌ, (K,) He directed it, (A, * L, Msb, K,) namely, an arrow, (A, Msb,) نَحْوَهُ towards him or it, (A,) or إِلَى الصَّيْدِ towards the game; (Msb;) and شدّدهُ, with ش, is a dial. var. thereof: (Towsheeh, TA:) and [in like manner] his spear; contr. of عَرَضَهُ, (S, Msb,) or عَرَّضَهُ. (L.) b2: And He taught him the art of shooting. (TA.) b3: Also, (M, A, K,) inf. n. as above, (S,) He directed, accommodated, adapted, or disposed, him (S, M, A, K) to that which was right, or words and of actions: (S, K: [and the like is implied in the M and A:]) said of God. (M, A.) And you say, سَدِّدْ صَاحِبَكَ Teach thou thy companion, and direct him to the right course. (Sh, TA.) b4: And [hence,] سَدِّدْ مَالَكَ Act thou well with thy property, or cattle. (L.) and سَدَّدَ الإِبِلَ, inf. n. as above, He gave the camels easy access to every pasturage, and to every place where the ground was soft and spacious. (L.) A3: See also 1, near the end of the paragraph.4 أَسْدَ3َ see 1, near the beginning: A2: and see also the latter half of the same paragraph, in five places.5 تَسَدَّّ see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph, in three places.7 انسدّ, said of an interstice, or intervening space, It became closed, or closed up; as also ↓ استدّ: (M:) and both, said of a breach, or gap, (M, A,) it became stopped, or stopped up, (M,) or repaired, and made firm or strong. (A.) اِسْتَدَّتْ ↓ عُيُونُ الخَرْزِ and اِنْسَدَّتْ signify the same [i. e. The punctures made in the sewing of the skin became closed]; (S, K;) expressing a consequence of pouring water into-a skin. (S.) 8 إِسْتَدَ3َ see the next preceding paragraph, in two places: A2: and see also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph, in five places.

سَدٌّ and ↓ سُدٌّ Any building, or construction, with which a place is closed or closed up, or stopped or stopped up: (M: [see also سِدَادٌ:]) a dam: (Msb:) a thing intervening, as a separation, a partition, a fence, a barrier, a rampart, or an obstacle, or obstruction, between two other things; (S, Msb, K:) and a mountain: (S, M, K: [in the last it seems that this meaning is restricted to the former word; but if restricted to either, it should be to the latter:]) or, as some say, anything that faces one, or is over against one, and bars, or excludes, (يَسُدُّ,) what is behind it: whence goats are said to be سَدٌّ يُرَى مِنْ وَرَائِهِ الفَقْرُ (assumed tropical:) [a barrier behind which is seen poverty]; meaning that they are not of great utility: (M:) or سَدٌّ signifies what is made by man; and سُدٌّ, what is created by God, (Zj, M, Msb, K,) as a mountain: (Msb:) in the Kur xviii. 92 and 93, and xxxvi. 8, some read with fet-h, and some with damm: (M, TA:) the pl. is أَسْدَادٌ, [a pl. of pauc.,] (A, Msb,) or أَسِدَّةٌ, [also a pl. of pauc.,] and سُدُودٌ, [a pl. of mult.,] the latter of these two agreeable with general analogy, and the former of them anomalous, or, [ISd says,] in my opinion, this (أَسِدَّةٌ) is pl. of سِدَادٌ. (M.) You say, ضُرِبَ بَيْنَهُمَا سَدٌّ and سُدٌّ [A barrier, or an obstacle, was set between them two]: and ضُرِبَتْ بَيْنَهُمَا الأَسْدَادُ [Barriers, or obstacles, were set between them two]. (A.) and ضَرَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ الأَرْضُ بِالأَسْدَادِ (tropical:) [The earth, or land, set barriers, or obstacles, against him]; meaning, the ways became closed, or stopped, against him, and the courses that he should pursue became obscure to him: (K: in the CK ضُرِبَتْ:) the sing. of أَسْدَادٌ [accord. to general analogy] is سُدٌّ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] the former (سَدٌّ) also signifies, (Fr, S, M, L, K,) or ↓ سِدَادٌ, (A,) or the former and ↓ سَدَادَةٌ, (L,) (tropical:) A fault, or defect, (Fr, S, M, A, &c.,) such as blindness and deafness and dumbness, (S,) or such as closes, or stops, one's mouth, so that he does not speak: (A:) pl. of the first, (S, M, K,) or of the second, (A,) أَسِدَّةٌ, [a pl. of pauc.,] (S, M, A, K,) accord. to analogy سُدُودٌ, (S, M, K,) or أَسُدٌّ [which is a pl. of pauc.]. (M.) You say, ↓ مَا بِهِ سِدَادٌ (tropical:) There is not in him any fault &c.: and فُلَانٌ بَرِىْءٌ مِنَ الأَسِدَّةِ (tropical:) Such a one is free from faults &c. (A.) And تَسُدُّ فَاهُ عَنِ الكَلَامِ ↓ مَا بِفُلَانٍ سَدَادَةٌ (assumed tropical:) There is not in such a one a fault that stops his mouth from speaking. (Aboo-Sa'eed, L.) And لَا تَجْعَلَنَّ بِجَنْبِكَ الأَسِدَّةَ (tropical:) By no means render thou thy bosom contracted so that thou shalt be unable to return an answer, like him who is deaf or dumb. (S, K.) b3: See also سُدٌّ. b4: سدّ [so in the TA, i. e. either سَدٌّ or سُدَّ,] also signifies (assumed tropical:) A she-camel by which the sportsman conceals himself from the game; also called دَرِيْئَةٌ ند دَرِيعَةٌ whence the saying, رَمَاهُ فِى سدِّ نَاقَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He shot him, or shot at him, by his she-camel whereby he was concealing himself]. (IAar, TA.) b5: And سَدٌّ, (M,) or سُدٌّ, (O, K,) is also syn. with ظِلٌّ [as meaning (tropical:) Shade, or shadow; or cover, or protection]. (IAar, M, O, K, TA.) A poet cited by IAar says, قَعَدْتُ لَهُ فِى سَدِّ نِقْضٍ مُعَوَّدٍ لِذٰلِكَ فِى صَحْرَآءَ جِذْمٍ دَرِينُهَا (tropical:) [I sat for him, i. e. lay in wait for him, in the shade, or cover, of a camel rendered lean by travel, accustomed to that, in a desert whereof the dry herbage was old]: i. e. I made him a cover, or screen, to me, in order that he might not see me: and by جِذْم he means “ old,” because الجِذْمُ signifies الأَصْلُ, and there is nothing older than the أَصْل; and he uses it as an epithet because it implies the meaning of an epithet. (M.) A2: سَدٌّ also signifies A thing, (S, K,) [i. e.] a [basket such as is called] سَلَّة, (M, TA,) made of twigs, (S, M, K,) and having covers (أَطْبَاق): (S, K: [but this addition in the S and K seems properly to apply to the pl., as will be shown by what follows:]) pl. سِدَادٌ and سُدُودٌ: (M, TA:) or, accord. to Lth, سُدُودٌ signifies [baskets such as are called] سِلَال, [pl. of سَلَّةٌ,] made of twigs, and having covers (أَطْبَاق); one of which is called [not سَدٌّ but] ↓ سَدَّةٌ: and it is said also on other authority that the سَلَّة is called سَدَّةٌ and طَبْلٌ. (L, TA.) سُدٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph, passim. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) A swarm of locusts obstructing the horizon: (M:) or so سُدٌّ مِنْ جَرَادٍ: (TA:) and جَرَادٌ سُدٌّ (tropical:) locusts (S, M, A, K) that have obstructed, (S, K,) or obstructing, (M, A,) the horizon, (S, M, A, K,) by their multitude: (S, A, K:) in which case, سُدٌّ is either a substitute for جَرَادٌ and therefore a substantive, or it is pl. of ↓ سَدُودٌ signifying that which obstructs the horizon and therefore an epithet. (M.) b3: And (tropical:) A black cloud, (Az, S, K, TA,) that has risen in any tract of the sky: (TA:) or a collection of clouds rising, obstructing the horizon: (M:) pl. سُدُودٌ: (S, M, K:) [or] ↓ سَدٌّ and صَدٌّ, but the former is the more approved, signify (assumed tropical:) a cloud, or collection of clouds, rising high, and appearing like a mountain. (M and L in art. صد.) b4: And A valley: (K:) so called because it becomes closed, or stopped up. (TA.) b5: And A valley containing stones and masses of rock, in which water remains for some time, or a long time: pl. سِدَدَةٌ: (S, L, K:) or you say, أَرْضٌ بِهَا سِدَدَةٌ [a land in which are valleys containing stones and masses of rock, &c.]; and the sing. is ↓ سُدَّةٌ. (L.) b6: and (assumed tropical:) The departure [or loss] of sight: (IAar, M:) from the same word in the first of the senses expl. in the next preceding paragraph. (M.) سِدٌّ: see سَدِيدٌ.

سَدَّةٌ: see سَدٌّ, last sentence.

سُدَّةٌ A certain disease in the nose, (S, M, L, K,) which stops it up, (M, L,) attacking the passage of the breath, (L,) and preventing respiration; (S, L;) as also ↓ سُدَادٌ. (S, M, L, K.) A thing that obstructs the passage of the humours, and of the food, in the body. (KL.) [And Any obstruction in the body: pl. سُدَدٌ.] b2: See also سُدٌّ.

A2: Also [A vestibule, or porch, for shade and shelter, before the door of a house: this is a common signification of the word, and is app. what is meant by its being said that] the سُدَّة is what is before the door of a house: (M, A:) or, as some say, a سَقِيفَة [i. e. roof, or covering, such as projects over the door of a house &c.; or a place roofed over]; (M:) or a ظُلَّة [i. e. roof, or cover-ing, for shade and shelter,] over a door: (Mgh:) or it is [a thing, or place,] like a صُفَّة [or سَقِيفَة] before a بَيْت [or house, or perhaps here meaning tent]: and a ظُلَّة at the door of a house (دَار): (AA, TA:) or, accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, (TA,) in the language of the Arabs [of the desert] it signifies [a space such as is termed] a فِنَآء pertaining to a tent of hair-cloth and the like; and those who make it to be like a صُفَّة, or like a سَقِيفَة, explain the word accord. to the way in which it is used by the people of the towns and villages: (Msb, TA:) or it signifies the door [itself]: (S, A, Mgh, K:) or it has this meaning also: (Msb:) some thus apply it to the door itself: (A'Obeyd, L:) and the surrounding portico [of the interior court] of the largest, or larger, mosque: (M, TA:) pl. سُدَدٌ. (S, L, Msb, K.) You say, رَأَيْتُهُ قَاعِدًا بِسُدَّةِ بَابِهِ [I saw him sitting in the vestibule of his door]: (S, TA:) and بِسُدَّةِ دَارِهِ [in the vestibule before the door, or at the door, of his house]. (TA.) Abu-d-Dardà

said, مَنْ يَغْشَ سُدَدَ السُّلْطَانِ يَقُمْ وَيَقْعُدْ, (S, L,) or مَنْ يَأْتِ الخ, i. e. [He who comes to the vestibules, or gates, of the Sultán] experiences returns of recent and old griefs, disquieting him so that he is not able to remain at rest, but stands up and sits down: (Mgh in art. قدم:) this he said when he came to the gate of Mo'áwiyeh and did not receive permission to enter. (L.) And it is said in a trad., الشُّعْثُ الرُّؤُوسِ الَّذِينَ لَا تُفْتَحُ لَهُمُ السُّدَدُ, (S, A,) meaning الأَبْوَابُ [i. e. The shaggy, or dishevelled, and dusty, in the heads are those to whom the doors will not be opened]. (A.) b2: Hence, Umm-Selemeh, addressing' Áïsheh, termed her a سُدَّة, i. e. a بَاب [meaning (assumed tropical:) A means of communication[, between the Prophet and his people. (L, from a trad.) A3: Also Palm-sticks, i. e. palmbranches stripped of their leaves, bound together, [side by side,] upon which one sleeps. (M.) سَدَدٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places: b2: and see also سَدِيدٌ.

سَدَادٌ [an inf. n. of the intrans. verb سَدَّ; as also ↓ سَدَدٌ]. [Hence,] one says, إِنَّهُ لَذُو سَدَادٍ Verily he has a faculty of hitting the right thing, or his object or aim, in speaking, and in the managing or disposing of affairs, and in shooting. (TA.) b2: [Hence also, as a subst.,] A thing that is right, syn. صَوَابٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and قَصْدٌ, (S,) of what is said and of what is done; (S, A, * Msb, K;) as also ↓ سَدَدٌ, (S, A,) which is a contraction of the former. (S.) One says, قَالَ سَدَادًا مِنَ القَوْلِ He said a right thing [lit. of what is said, i. e., a right saying]; (S, A;) as also ↓ سَدَدًا. (A.) And يُصِيبُ السَّدَادَ He hits the right thing in speech [or action]. (S.) And هُوَ عَلَى سَدَادٍ مِنْ

أَمْرِهِ and ↓ سَدَدٍ [He is following a right course of action in respect of his affair]. (A.) and أَمْرُ فُلَانٍ يَجْرِى عَلَى السَّدَادِ The affair of such a one goes on according to that which is right. (S.) b3: [And hence the saying,] أَتَتْنَا رِيحٌ مِنْ سَدَادِ أَرْضِهِمْ (tropical:) A wind came to us from the direction of their land. (A, TA.) b4: It is also used as an epithet, syn. with سَدِيدٌ, q. v. (L.) b5: and السَّدَادُ [as though meaning The right projecter] is a name that was given to a bow belonging to the Prophet, as ominating the hitting of the object aimed at by that which was shot from it. (TA.) A2: See also سِدَادٌ, in three places.

سُدَادٌ: see سُدَّةٌ, first sentence.

سِدَادٌ A thing with which an interstice, or intervening space, is closed, or closed up: (AO, M, L: [see also سَدٌّ:]) and a thing with which a breach, or gap, (M, A,) is stopped, or stopped up, (M,) or repaired, and made firm or strong: (A:) pl. أَسِدَّةٌ. (M.) Primarily, accord. to ISh, (Meyd, in explanation of a prov. mentioned in what follows,) Somewhat of milk that dries up in the orifice of a she-camel's teat; (Meyd, K;) because it stops up the passage of the milk. (Meyd.) Also A stopper of a bottle (S, * Mgh, * Msb, K, * TA) &c.: (Msb:) in this sense [as well as in those before mentioned] with kesr (S, Mgh, Msb, K) only [to the س]: and so in the sense next following. (S, K.) A body of horse and foot serving as blockaders of the frontier of a hostile country. (S, K, * TA.) b2: سِدَادٌ مِنْ عَوَزٍ and ↓ سَدَادٌ, (ISk, S, M, Msb, K,) but the former is the more chaste, (S,) and it alone is mentioned by most authors in this saying, because it is from سداد as meaning the “ stopper ” of a bottle; (Msb;) and some say that ↓ سَداد, with fet-h, is a corruption; (Msb, K;) expressly disallowed by As and ISh; (Msb;) a prov.; (Meyd;) meaning (tropical:) A thing by which want is supplied, (S, M, Msb, K,) and by which life is preserved; accord. to ISh, if incomplete; and accord. to As, a thing by which somewhat of the entire wants of one's case is supplied. (Msb.) One says also, أَصَبْتُ بِهِ سِدَادًا مِنَ العَيْشِ and ↓ سَدَادًا (tropical:) I attained thereby a thing by which want was supplied; (S, K, * TA;) or a means of sustaining life. (AO, L.) b3: See also سَدٌّ, in two places.

سَدُودٌ: see سُدٌّ.

سَدِيدٌ, applied to a spear, Seldom missing; and [to the same, and] to an arrow, that hits the mark; (TA;) and to a saying, (S, M, L,) as also ↓ سَدَادٌ (M, L) and ↓ سَدَدٌ; (L;) and an action; (TA;) and an affair, as also ↓ أَسَدُّ; (S, A, L;) right, direct, or in a right state; having, or taking, a right direction or tendency; tending towards the right point or object: (S, M, A, L, TA:) and ↓ سِدٌّ, applied to speech, signifies the same; (TA;) and true. (K, TA.) b2: And applied to a man, meaning Who pursues a right course; as also ↓ أَسَدٌّ; (M;) and [in an intensive sense] ↓ سَدَّادٌ: (TA:) or, (Msb,) as also ↓ مُسِدٌّ, (S,) who hits the right thing in his saying (S, Msb) and in his action. (Msb.) سَدَادَةٌ: see سَدٌّ, in two places.

سَدَّادٌ: see سَدِيدٌ.

سَادَّةٌ (tropical:) An eye (عَيْنٌ) of which the sight has gone; (A;) that has become white, and with which one does not see, but which has not yet burst: (Az, A, * L, K:) or that is open, but does not see strongly: (IAar, L, K:) pl. سُدُودٌ, (IAar, L,) or سُدُدٌ. (K.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) An old and weak she-camel. (IAar, K.) أَسَدُّ: see سَدِيدٌ, in two places.

مَسَدٌّ [properly A place of closing, or stopping, &c.]: see 1, in two places.

مُسِدٌّ: see سَدِيدٌ.

مُسَدَّدٌ Directed; pointed in a right direction. (S TA.) b2: And A man directed, accommodated, adapted, or disposed, to that which is right [of words and of actions]; (L;) who does that which is right, (يَعْمَلُ بِالسَّدَادِ وَالقَصْدِ, S, L,) keeping to the right way; in which sense it is related by some with kesr, ↓ مُسَدِّدٌ. (L.) [Golius explains it as meaning, on the authority of the S, who executes his affairs with sure and good judgment, and with happy success: and Freytag thus explains ↓ مُسَدِّدٌ, as from the S.]

مُسَدِّدٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

ذرب

1 ذَرِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. ذَرَبٌ (M, A, Msb, K) and ذَرَابَةٌ, (S, * M, A, K,) said of a sword, and a spear-head, (A,) or of a thing (M, Msb) of any kind, (M,) It was, or became, sharp, (S, * M, A, Msb, K,) and cutting, or penetrating: (Msb:) or, said of a sword, and of a spear-head, it signifies [or signifies also] it was steeped in, or imbued with, poison. (A.) b2: ذَرِبَ لِسَانُهُ, aor. as above, [and so the inf. n.], His tongue was, or became, sharp [properly speaking, i. e. sharp in the extremity: (see ذَرِبٌ:) and also tropically, i. e., in a good sense, as meaning (assumed tropical:) chaste, or eloquent; without barbarousness, or vitiousness, or impediment: and in a bad sense, as meaning (assumed tropical:) profuse of speech; or clamorous: bad, or corrupt: foul, unseemly, or obscene]: he cared not what he said. (TA.) [For] ذَرَبٌ (S, M, A, TA) and ذَرَابَةٌ (S, A, TA) signify Sharpness of the tongue [properly speaking, or, as is said in the A, tropically]: (S, M, A, TA:) and the former, (TA,) or the latter, (Msb,) [or each.] metaphorically, (TA,) (tropical:) chasteness, or eloquence, thereof; (Msb, TA;) without barbarousness, or vitiousness, or impediment; a quality approved: and (tropical:) profuseness, or clamorousness, thereof; a quality disapproved: (TA:) and the former, [or each,] (assumed tropical:) badness, or corruptness, thereof: (M, K:) and the former, (Az, S, M, K,) or the latter, (Msb,) or each, (A,) (tropical:) foulness, or obscenity, thereof: (Az, S, M, A, Msb, K:) and the pl. of the former [used as a simple subst.] is أَذْرَابٌ. (Az, IAar, S, M, K.) A poet says, (S,) namely, Hadramee Ibn-'Ámir El-Asadee, (TA,) وَلَقَدْ طَوَيْتُكُمُ عَلَى بُلَلَاتِكُمْ وَ عَرَفْتُ مَا فِيكُمْ مِنَ الأَذْرَابِ (tropical:) [And I have borne with you not withstanding your vices and evil actions, and have known what is in you of foul, or obscene, qualities of the tongue]; (Az, S:) [or] على بُلَلَاتِكُمْ (IAar, M, TA) means notwithstanding what is in you of annoyance and enmity: (TA:) but accord. to Th, he said, الأَعْيَابِ, pl. of عَيْبٌ. (M, TA.) [Accord. to Z,] فِيهِمْ أَذْرَابٌ means (tropical:) In them are [qualities that are] causes of evil, corruption, wrong, injury, or the like. (A.) b3: ذَرِبَتْ مَعِدَتُهُ, (T, S, M, A, Msb,) aor. ـَ (S, Msb,) inf. n. ذَرَبٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and ذَرَابَةٌ and ذُرُوبَةٌ, (M, K,) (assumed tropical:) His stomach was, or became, sharp, or keen, by reason of hunger: (M; but only the first of the inf. ns. of the verb in this sense, and not the verb itself, is there mentioned:) [or] (assumed tropical:) his stomach was, or became, in a good, or right, state: (K; but only the inf. ns. of the verb in this sense, and in the next, and not the verb itself, is there mentioned:) and also, (M, K,) (tropical:) his stomach was, or became, in a bad, or corrupt, state: (T, S, M, A, Msb, K:) thus having two contr. significations. (M, K.) b4: ذَرِبَ الجُرْحُ, (S, M, A,) inf. n. ذَرَبٌ, (S, M, K,) (tropical:) The wound admitted not of cure: (S, A:) or was, or became, in a bad, or corrupt, state, and wide, (M, K,) and admitted not of cure: (M:) or flowed with صَدِيد [i. e. ichor tinged with blood]. (M, K.) b5: ذَرِبَ أَنْفُهُ, inf. n. ذَرَابَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) His nose dripped; let fall drops. (M.) A2: ذَرَبَ: see 2, in two places. b2: [Hence,] ذَرَبْتُ فُلَانًا (tropical:) I excited, or provoked, [or exasperated,] such a one. (A.) And فُلَانٌ يَضْرِبُ بَيْنَنَا وَيَذْرِبُ (tropical:) [app. Such a one makes a separation between us, (see ضَرَبَ,) and excites discord: يَذْرِبُ is perhaps here used for يَذْرُبُ, to assimilate it to يَضْرِبُ]. (A.) 2 ذرّب, (M, K,) inf. n. تَذْرِيبٌ, (S,) He sharpened (M, S, K) an iron instrument [such as a sword and a spear-head &c.]; (M;) as also ↓ ذَرَبَ, (M, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (M, L, Msb, TA,) accord. to the K ذَرَبَ, but this is without any other authority, and contr. to analogy, as neither its third nor its second letter is a faucial, (TA,) inf. n. ذَرْبٌ; (M, Msb, TA;) and ↓ اذرب. (KL.) Also, inf. n. as above, He poisoned a sword, i. e. steeped it in poison, and, when it was well steeped, took it forth and sharpened it; and ↓ ذَرَبَ, likewise, is allowable. (T, TA.) A2: The inf. n. also signifies A woman's holding her infant in order that it may satisfy its want [by evacuation, as the words in the explanation (حَتَّى يَقْضِىَ حَاجَتَهُ) commonly mean, not, as Freytag supposes, by sucking]. (T, K.) 4 اذرب: see 2.

A2: Also (assumed tropical:) He became chaste in speech, after having been barbarous therein. (IAar, T in art. ربذ, and TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) His life became bad, or corrupt. (IAar, T in art. ربد, and TA.) ذَرْبٌ, (so in the CK and in a MS copy of the K,) or ↓ ذَرِبٌ, (so accord. to the TA, [which is followed by the TK, and so in my MS copy of the K, but altered from ذَرْبٌ, which I incline to think the right reading,]) A shoemaker's إِزْمِيل [a word well known as signifying his knife, with which he cuts the leather, but here explained in the TA as signifying his إِشْفَى with which he sews]. (K.) ذُرْبٌ an irreg. pl. of ذَرِبٌ, q. v.

ذِرْبٌ i. q. غُدَّةٌ [i. e. A ganglion; &c.]: (Az, T:) or so ↓ ذِرْبَةٌ: and both signify a certain thing that is sometimes in the neck of a human being or of a beast, like a pebble: or the former word signifies a certain disease in the liver, (K, TA,) slow of cure: (TA:) the pl. of the former is ذِرَبٌ, (K,) or ذِرَبَةٌ, (Az, T,) or this latter is pl. of ذِرْبَةٌ. (TA.) ذَرَبٌ an inf. n. of ذَرِبَ [q. v. passim]. (T, S, M, &c.) b2: See also ذَرَبَيَّا: and see there a pl. or a dual form, in three places. b3: Also (assumed tropical:) An incurable disease: (M, K:) [in the present day applied to diarrhœa; and this is app. meant by what follows:] a disease that attacks the stomach, in consequence of which it does not digest the food; becoming in a bad, or corrupt, state, and not retaining the food. (L.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) Rust. (S, K.) ذَرِبٌ Sharp; (T, S, M, K;) applied to anything, (S, M,) as, for instance, a sword, (S,) or a spearhead; and so ↓ مَذْرُوبٌ: (T:) or this latter, applied to a spear-head [&c.], signifies sharpened; (S;) as also ↓ مُذَرَّبٌ: (T, S:) or ذَرِبٌ (A, TA) and ↓ مُذَرَّبٌ (M, K) and ↓ مَذْرُوبٌ, (T, TA,) applied to a sword (T, M, A, K) and a spearhead, (A, TA,) signify [or signify also] poisoned; (A, K;) i. e. steeped in, or imbued with, poison, (T, M, A, TA,) and then sharpened. (T, M, TA.) And سُمٌّ ذَرِبٌ means Sharp poison. (M, A.) A rájiz says, (referring to cattle, TA,) دَبَّتْ عَلَيْهَا ذَرِبَاتُ الأَنْبَارْ meaning [Upon which have crept insects resembling ticks, that produce swellings where they creep,] sharp in stinging. (S.) b2: لِسَانٌ ذَرِبٌ [properly signifies] A tongue sharp in the extremity. (M, TA.) Tropically, (A,) (tropical:) A sharp tongue; (S, A, TA;) as also ↓ مَذْرُوبٌ: (TA:) (assumed tropical:) a chaste, or an eloquent, tongue: (Msb:) [and (assumed tropical:) a profuse, or clamorous, tongue: (see ذَرِبَ:)] and (assumed tropical:) a foul, or an obscene, tongue. (Msb.) and ذَرِبُ اللِّسَانِ (assumed tropical:) Sharp in tongue: (TA:) [(assumed tropical:) profuse, or clamorous, therein; long-tongued: (see ذَرِبَ:)] (assumed tropical:) bad, or corrupt, in tongue: (Abu-l-'Abbás [Th], TA:) (assumed tropical:) wont to revile; (T;) foul, or obscene, in tongue; (ISh, T, TA;) who cares not what he says. (ISh, TA.) And ذَرِبٌ, alone, (assumed tropical:) Sharptongued: and (tropical:) long-tongued, or clamorous; or foul, or obscene, in tongue: (K, * TA:) and so ذَرِبَةٌ, applied to a woman; (Az, T, S, A, Msb; *) and ↓ ذِرْبَةٌ: (Az, T, S, M, K:) this last [is app. a contraction of ذَرِبَةٌ, and used by poetic license: it] is applied by a rájiz to his wife, (T, S, *) as meaning (tropical:) bad, or corrupt, and unfaithful to her husband in respect of her فَرْج; or, accord. to Sh, it means long-tongued; and foul, or obscene, in speech: (T:) and ↓ مَذْرُوبٌ likewise, accord. to Sh, means foul, or obscene, in speech: (TA:) the pl. of ذَرِبٌ is ↓ ذُرْبٌ, (K,) which is irreg.; (TA;) meaning (assumed tropical:) sharp; (M, K;) and (assumed tropical:) sharp in tongue [&c.]: (K:) and the pl. of ↓ ذِرْبَةٌ is ذِرَبٌ. (T, S, M.) b3: مَعِدَةٌ ذَرِبَةٌ [(assumed tropical:) A stomach sharp, or keen, by reason of hunger: or (assumed tropical:) in a good, or right, state: (see ذَرِبَتْ مَعِدَتُهُ:) and also, the contr., i. e.] (tropical:) a stomach in a bad, or corrupt, state. (M, TA.) b4: جُرحٌ ذَرِبٌ (tropical:) A wound in a bad, or corrupt, state, and wide, and not admitting of cure: or flowing with صَدِيد [i. e. ichor tinged with blood]. (M, TA.) b5: ذَرِبُ الخُلُقِ (tropical:) A man of a bad, or corrupt, natural disposition. (A, TA.) A2: See also ذَرْبٌ.

ذِرْبَةٌ: see ذِرْبٌ: b2: and see also ذَرِبٌ, in two places.

الذَّرِبَة: see what next follows.

ذَرَبَى: see what next follows.

ذَرَبِىٌّ: see what next follows.

ذَرَبَيَّةٌ: see what next follows.

ذَرَبَيَّا (assumed tropical:) A vice, fault, defect, or the like; as also ↓ ذَرَبَى. (K.) b2: And A calamity, or misfortune; (S, M, K;) from ذَرِبَ الجُرْحُ meaning “ the wound admitted not of cure; ” (S;) as also ↓ ذَرَبَّى, (K, TA,) or ↓ ذَرَبِىٌّ, (so accord. to the CK,) and ↓ ذَرَبَيَّةٌ [or ذَرَبِيَّةٌ?]. (TA.) El-Kumeyt says, مَانِى بِالذَّرَبَيَّا meaning (assumed tropical:) [He smote me, or afflicted me,,] with calamity, or misfortune: or with evil, or mischief; and discord, or dissension; (T;) as also ↓ بِالذَّرَبَينَ [in the form of a pl. applied to rational beings, as though denoting personifications], (K, accord. to the TA,) or ↓ بِالذَّّرَبَيْنِ [in the dual form]; (so in the CK and in my MS copy of the K;) which likewise means with calamity, or misfortune. (TA.) And لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ الذَّرَبَيَّا and ↓ الذَّرِبَةَ and ↓ الذربَين, [thus this last is written in the TT as from the M,] meaning (assumed tropical:) [I experienced from him, or it,] calamity, or misfortune. (M.) And ↓ أُلْقِىَ بَيْنَهُمْ الذَّرَبَ (assumed tropical:) Evil, or mischief, and discord, or dissension, were cast among them, or between them. (T.) ذَرَبَّى: see the next preceding paragraph.

ذُرَابٌ Poison. (Kr, M, A, K.) ذِرْيَبٌ A yellow flower: (K:) or yellow, applied to a flower and to other things. (M.) صُوفٌ أَذْرَبِىٌّ Wool of Ádharbeeján or Adharbeeján or Adhrabeeján; for there are different opinions respecting the orthography of this name: (TA:) أَذْرَبِىٌّ is a rel. n. from اذربيجان: (K, TA:) contr. to rule; for by rule it should be أَذَرِىٌّ or أَذْرِىٌّ. (IAth, TA.) مِذْرَبٌ The tongue: (K:) so called because of its sharpness. (TA.) مُذَرَّبٌ: see ذَرِبٌ, in two places.

مَذْرُوبٌ: see ذَرِبٌ, in four places.

اثر

1 أَثَرَ خُفَّ البَعِيرِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. أَثْرٌ, He made an incision in the foot of the camel [in order to know and trace the footprints]; as also ↓ أثّرهُ. (M.) And أَثَرَ البَعِيرِHe made a mark upon the bottom of the camel's foot with the iron instrument called مِئْثَرَةin order that the footprints upon the ground might be known: (T, TT:) or he scraped the inner [i. e. under] part of the camel's foot with that instrument in order that the footprints might be traced. (S.) A2: أَثَرَ الحَدِيثَ, (T, S, M, A, &c.,) عَنِ القَوْمِ, (M,) aor. اَثُرَ(S, M, Msb, K) and اَثِرَ, (M, K,) inf. n. أَثْرٌ(T, S, M, Msb, K) and أَثَارَهٌand أُثْرَهٌ, (M, K,) the last from Lh, but in my opinion, [says ISd,] it is correctly speaking a subst., and syn. with مَأْثُرَهٌand مَأْثَرَهٌ, (M,) He related, or recited, the tradition, narrative, or story, as received, or heard, from the people; transmitted the narrative, or story, by tradition, from the people: (T, S, * M, A, L, Msb, * K: *) or he related that wherein they had preceded [as narrators: so I render أَنْبَأَهُمْ بِمَا سَبَقُوا فِيهِ, believing همto have been inserted by a mistake of a copyist in the M, and hence in the L also:] from الأَثَرُ. (M, L.) [See أَثَرٌ.] You say also, أثَرَ عَنْهُ الكَذِبَ, meaning He related, as heard from him, what was false. (L, from a trad.) b2: أَثْرٌ, aor. ـُ (M,) inf. n. أَثْرٌ, (M, K.) also signifies Multum inivit camelus camelam. (M, K.) A3: أَثِرَ لِلْأَمْرِ, aor. ـَ He applied, or gave, his whole attention to the thing, or affair, having his mind unoccupied by other things. (K.) A4: أَثِرَ عَلَي الْأَمْرِHe determined, resolved, or decided, upon the thing, or affair. (T, K.) A5: لَقَدْ أَثِرْتُ أَنْ أَفْعَلَ كَذَا و كَذَا, (Lth, T, L,) inf. n. أَثْرٌand أَثَرٌ, (L,) I have assuredly purposed to do such and such things. (Lth, T, L.) A6: See also 4.

A7: And see 10.2 أثّر فِيهِ, inf. n. تَأْثِيرٌ, He, or it, made, (Msb,) or left, (M, K,) or caused to remain, (S,) an impression, or a mark, or trace, upon him, or it. (S, * M, Msb, K. *) It is said of a sword, [meaning It made, or left, a mark, or scar, upon him, or it,] and in like manner of a blow. (T, TA.) [Whence,] أَثَّرَ فِى عِرْضِهِcross; [He scarred his honour]. (K in art. وخش.) You say also, أَثَّرَ بِوَجْهِهِ وَبِجَبِينِهِ السُّجُودُ [Prostration in prayer made, or left, a mark, or marks, upon his face and upon his forehead]. (T, * TA.) See also 1, first sentence.

A2: He, or it, made an impression, or produced an effect, upon him, or it; impressed, affected, or influenced, him, or it. (The Lexicons passim.) A3: أَثَّرَ كَذَا بِكَذَا, (T, TT,) or ↓ آثَرَ, (K,) He, or it, made such a thing to be followed by such a thing. (T, TT, K. *) 4 آثَرَ see 2, last sentence.

A2: [Hence, app.,] آثرهُ, (As, T, M, Msb,) inf. n. إِيثَارٌ, (As, T,) He preferred him, or it. (As, T, M, Msb, TA.) Yousay, آثرهُ عَلَيْهِ He preferred him before him: so in the Kur xii. 91. (As, M.) And آثَرْتُ فُلاَنًا عَلَى نَفْسِى [I preferred such a one before myself], from الإِيثَار. (S.) And قَدْ آثَرْتُكَ I have preferred for thee it; I have preferred to give thee it, rather than any other thing. (T.) and آثَرَ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ كَذَا He preferred doing such a thing; as also ↓ أَثِرَ, inf. n. أَثَرٌ; and أَثَرَ. (M.) A3: آثر also signifies He chose, or elected, or selected. (K.) A4: And آثِرهُ He honoured him; paid him honour. (M, K.) 5 تأثّر It received an impression, or a mark, or trace; became impressed, or marked. (Msb.) A2: He, or it, had an impression made, or an effect produced, upon him, or it; became impressed, affected, or influenced. (The Lexicons passim.) A3: See also 8.8 ائْتَثَرَهُ, [written with the disjunctive alif اِيتَثَرَهُ,] and ↓ تأثّرهُ, He followed his footsteps: (M, K:) or did so diligently, or perseveringly. (TA.) 10 استأثر عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ; (ISk, S, K;) and عَلَيْهِمْ ↓ أَثِرَ, aor. ـَ (K;) He chose for himself [in preference to his companions] (ISk, S, K) good things, (K,) in partition, (TA,) or good actions, and qualities of the mind. (ISk, S.) And استأثر بالشَّىْءِ, (S, K,) or الشَّىْءَ, (Msb,) He had the thing to himself, with none to share with him in it: (S, Msb, K:) and the former signifies he appropriated the thing to himself exclusively, (M, K,) عَلَى غَيْرِهِin preference to another or others. (M.) It is said in a trad., إِذَا اسْتَأْثَرَ اللّٰهُ بِشَىْءٍ فَالْهَ عَنُهُ When God appropriateth a thing to Himself exclusively, then be thou diverted from it so as to forget it. (M.) And one says, اِسْتأْثَرَ اللّٰهُ بِفُلَانٍ, (and فُلَانًا, TA,) [God took such a one to Himself,] when a person has died and it is hoped that he is forgiven. (S, M, A, K.) أَثْرٌ, (Az, T, S, A, L, K, &c.,) said by Yaakoob to be the only form known to As, (S,) and ↓ أَثَرٌ, which is a form used by poetic licence, (M, L,) and ↓ أثْرَةٌ, (M, L, K,) and ↓ أُثُرٌ, (M,) and ↓ أُثُرٌ, which is in like manner a sing., not a pl., (T, L,) and ↓ أثْرَةٌ, (El-Leblee,) and ↓ أَثِيرْ, (K,) The diversified wavy marks, streaks, or grain, of a sword; syn. فِرِنْدٌ; (As, T, S, M, A, L, K;) and تَسَلْسُلٌ; and دِيبَاجَةُ; (Az, T;) and its lustre, or glitter: (M, L:) pl. [of the first] أُثُرْ: (T, M, L, K:) the pl. of أُثْرَةٌ is أُثَرٌ. (El-Leblee.) Khufáf Ibn-Nudbeh Es-Sulamee says, [describing swords,] جَلَاهَا الصَّيْقَلُونَ فَإَخْلَصُوهَا خِفَافاً كُلُّهَا يَتْقِى بِأَثْرِ [The furbishers polished them, and freed them from impurities, making them light: each of them preserving itself from the evil eye by means of its lustre]: i. e., each of them opposes to thee its فِرِنْد: (S, L:) يَتْقِى is a contraction of يَتَّقِى; and the meaning is, when a person looks at them, their bright rays meet his eye, so that he cannot continue to look at them. (L.) أُثْرٌ The scar of a wound, remaining when the latter has healed; (As, Sh, T, S, M, K;) as also ↓ أُثُرٌ(S, K) and ↓ أَثَرٌ: (Sh, T:) pl. آثَارٌ, though properly إِثَارٌ, with kesr to the ا [but why this is said, I do not see; for آثَارٌis a regular pl. of all the three forms of the sing.;] and إُثُورٌmay be correctly used as a pl. (Sh, T, L.) A2: A mark made with a hot iron upon the inner [i. e. under] part of a camel's foot, by which to trace his footprints: (M, K:) pl. أُثُورٌ. (M.) [See also أُثْرَةٌ.]

A3: Lustre, or brightness, of the face; as also ↓ أُثُرٌ. (M, K.) A4: See أَثْرٌ.

A5: See also إِثْرٌ.

إِثْرٌ: see أَثَرٌ, in three places: b2: and أَثْرٌ: b3: and see آثِرٌ, in two places.

A2: Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ أُثْرٌ, (M, K,) but the latter is disallowed by more than one authority, (TA,) What is termed the خُلَاصَة[q. v.] of clarified butter: (S, M, K:) or, as some say, the milk when the clarified butter has become separated from it. (M.) [See also قِشْدَةٌ.]

أَثَرٌ A remain, or relic, of a thing; (M, Msb, K;) as of a house; as also ↓ أَثَارَةٌ: (Msb:) a trace remaining of a thing; and of the stroke, or blow, of a sword: (S:) see also أُثْرٌ: a sign, mark, or trace; opposed to the عَيْن, or thing itself: (TA:) a footstep, vestige, or track; a footprint; the impression, or mark, made by the foot of a man [&c.] upon the ground; as also ↓ إِثْرٌ: and an impress, or impression, of anything: (El-Wá'ee:) pl. آثَارٌح (M, Msb, K) and إُثُورٌ. (M, K.) [The sing. is also frequently used in a pl. sense: and the former of these pls. is often used to signify Remains, or monuments, or memorials, of anti-quity, or of any past time.] It is said in a prov., لَا أَطْلُبُ أَثَرًا بَعْدَ عَيْنٍI will not seek a trace, or vestige, [or, as we rather say in English, a shadow,] after suffering a reality, or substance, to escape me: or, as some relate it, لَا تَطْلُبْ seek not thou. (Har pp. 120 and 174.) And one says, قَطَعَ اللّٰهُ أَثَرَهُ [May God cut short his footsteps]: meaning may God render him crippled: for when one is crippled, his footsteps cease. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ لَيَصْدُقُ أَثَرُهُ, and أَثَرَهُ, Such a one, if asked, will not tell thee truly whence he comes: (M in art. صدق:) a prov. said of a liar. (TA.) and خَرَجْتُ, (S, M, * K,) and جَئْتُ, (El-Wá'ee, Msb,) فيِ أَثَرِهِ, and ↓, في إِثْرِهِ, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) the former of which is said by more than one to be the more chaste, (TA,) [but the latter seems to be the more common,] and عَلَى أَثَرِهِ, and ↓ على إِثْرِهِ, (El-Wá'ee, Msb,) I went out, (S, &c.,) and I came, (El-Wá'ee, Msb,) after him: (M, A, K:) or at his heel: (Expos. of the Fs:) or following near upon him, or hard upon him, or near after him, or following him nearly: (Msb:) as though treading in his footsteps. (El-Wá'ee.) and أَثَرَ ذِى أَثِيرَيْنِ: see آثِرٌ. (K.) b2: An impress or impression, a mark, stamp, character, or trace, in a fig. sense; an effect. (The Lexicons passim.) You say, عَلَى مَاشِيَتِهِ أَثَرٌ حَسَنٌUpon his camels, or sheep, or goats, is an impress of a good state, or condition; of fatness, and of good tending; like إِصْبَعٌ. (TA in art. صبع.) And إِنَّهُ لَحَسَنُ الأَثَرِفِى مَالِهِ Verily he has the impress of a good state, or condition, in his camels, or sheep, or goats; like حَسَنُ الإِصْبَعِ, and المَسِ. (TA ubi suprà.) and عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ كَذَا He, or it, bears the mark, stamp, character, or trace, of such a thing. (The Lexicons passim.) b3: [The pl.] آثَارٌ also signifies Signs, or marks, set up to show the way. (K.) b4: Also the sing., i. q. أَثْرٌ, q. v. (M, L.) b5: Also i. q. خَبَرٌ [both of which words are generally held to be syn., as meaning A tradition, or narration relating or describing a saying or an action &c., of Mo-hammad]: (M, K:) or, accord. to some, the former signifies what is related as received from [one or more of] the Companions of Mohammad; (TA;) but it may also be applied to a saying of the Prophet; (Kull p. 152;) and the latter, what is from Mohammad himself; (TA;) or from another; or from him or another: (Kull p. 152:) or the former signifies i. q. سُنَّةٌ[a practice or saying, or the practices and sayings collectively, of Mo-hammad, or any other person who is an authority in matters of religion, namely, any prophet, or a Companion of Mohammad, as handed down by tradition]: (S, A:) pl. آثَارٌ. (S, M.) You say, وَجَدْتُهُ فِي الأَثَرِ [I found it in the traditions of the practices and sayings of the Prophet; &c.]: and فُلَانٌ مِنْ حَمَلَةِ الآثَارِ[Such a one is of those who bear in their memories, knowing by heart, the traditions of the practices and sayings of the Prophet; &c.]. (A.) b6: A man's origin; as in the sayings, مَا يُدْرَى لَهُ أَيْنَ أَثَرٌIt is not known where was his origin; and مَا يُدْرَى لَهُ مَا أثَرٌIt is not known what is his origin. (Ks, Lh, M.) b7: The term, or period, of life: so called because it follows life: (Msb, TA:) or from the same word as signifying the print of one's foot upon the ground; because when one dies, his footprints cease to be seen. (TA.) b8: [For the former of these two reasons,] آثَارَهُمْ in the Kur xxxvi. 11 means The rewards and punishments of their good and evil lives. (M, L.) A2: آثَارٌ is also a pl. of ثَأْرٌ, q. v.; formed by transposition from أَثْآرٌ. (Yaa-Koob, and M in art. ثأر.) أَثُرٌ A man who chooses for himself [in preference to his companions] (ISk, S, M, K) good things, (K,) in partition, (M, TA,) or good actions, and qualities of the mind; (ISk, S;) as also ↓ أَثِرٌ (M, K.) أَثِرٌ: see أَثُرٌ.

أُثُرٌ: see أُثْرٌ, in two places: b2: and see أَثْرٌ.

أَثُرٌ: see أَثَارَةٌ.

أُثْرَةٌ: see أَثَارَةٌ. b2: A mark which is made by the Arabs of the desert upon the inner [i. e. under] part of a camel's foot; as also ↓ تَأْثُورٌ, and, accord. to some, ↓ تُؤْثُورَهُ, whence one says, رَأَيْتُ أُثْرَتَهُ, and ↓ تُؤْثُورَهُ, I saw the place of his footsteps upon the ground: (M:) or the abrasion of the inner [i. e. under] part of a camel's foot with the instrument of iron called مِئْثَرَةand تُؤْثُور, in order that his footprints may be traced. (S.) [See also أُثْرٌ.] b3: See also أَثْرٌ. b4: And see مَأْثُرَةٌ. b5: Preference. (A.) You say, لَهُ عِنْدِى أُثْرَةٌ He has a preference in my estimation. (A.) and هُوَ ذُو أُثْرَةٍ عِنْدَ الأَمِيرِHe has a preference in the estimation of the prince, or commander. (A.) And فُلَانٌ ذُو أُثْرَةٍ عِنْدَ فُلَانٍ, (TA,) or ↓ أَثَرَةٍ, (T,) Such a one is a favourite with such a one. (T, TA.) See also أَثَرَةٌ, in two places. b6: أُثْرَةَ ذِى أَثِيرٍ: see آثِرٌ.

A2: Dearth, scarcity, drought, or sterility, (جَدْبٌ[in the CK جَذْب],) and an unpleasant state or condition. (M, K.) إِثْرَةٌ: see أَثَرَةٌ. b2: إِثْرَةً: see آثِرٌ.

أَثَرَةٌ: see أَثَارَةٌ. b2: A subst. [signifying The appropriation of a thing or things to oneself exclusively: the having a thing to oneself, with none to share with him in it:] from اِسْتَأْثَرَ بِالشَّىْءِ. (S, M.) And, as also ↓ أُثْرَةٌand ↓ إِثْرَةٌand ↓ إُثْرَى, The choice for oneself [in preference to his companions] of good things, (M, * K, * TA,) in partition; (M, TA;) the choice and preference of the best of things, and taking it, or them, for oneself: (TA:) the pl. of the second is أُثَرٌ. (TA.) You say, أَخَذَهُ بِلَا أَثَرَةٍ, and ↓ بلا أُثْرَةٍ, [&c.,] He took it without a choice and preference of the best of the things, and the taking the best for himself. (T, TA.) And a poet says, فَقُلْتَ لَهُ يَا ذِئْبُ هَلْ لَكَ فىِ أَخٍ عَلَيْكَ وَلَا بُخْلِ ↓ يُؤَاسِي بِلَا أُثْرَي [And I said to him, O wolf, hast thou a desire for a brother who will share without choice of the best things for himself in preference to thee, and without niggardness?]. (M, TA.) See also أُثْرَةٌ.

أُثْرَى: see أَثَرَةٌ, in two places.

أَثِيرٌ: see أَثَرَةٌ. b2: [That makes a large footprint, or the like.] You say, دَابَّةٌ أَثِيَرةٌ A beast that makes a large footprint upon the ground with its hoof, (Az, S, M, K,) or with its soft foot, such as that of the camel. (Az, S.) b3: A man possessing power and authority; honoured: pl. أُثَرَآءُ: fem. أَثِيرَةٌ. (M.) b4: فُلَانٌ أَثِيرِى Such a one is my particular friend: (S, K:) or is the person whom I prefer. (A.) فُلَانٌ أَثِيرٌعِنْدَ فُلَانٍSuch a one is a favourite with such a one. (T.) b5: آثِرَ ذِى أَثِيرٍ, and أَوَّلَ ذِى أَثِيرٍ, &c.: see آثِرٌ. b6: شَىْءٌ كَثِيرٌ أَثِيرٌ [A thing very abundant, copious, or numerous]: اثيرis here an imitative sequent, (S, K, *) like بَثِيرٌ. (S.) A2: الأَثِيرُ ὁ αἰθήρ, The ether;] the ninth, which is the greatest, sphere, which rules over [all] the other spheres: [said to be] so called because it affects the others (يُؤَثِرُ فِى غَيْرِهِ). (MF.) [It is also called فَلَكُ الأَطْلَسِ, and فَلَكُ العَرْشِ; and is said to be next above that called فَلَكُ الكُرْسِىِّ.]

أَثَارَةٌ: see أَثَرٌ. You say, سَمِنَتِ الإبِلُ عَلَى أَثَارَةٍ, (S, M, *) or على أَثَارَةٍ مِنْ شَحْمٍ, (A,) The camels acquired fat, upon, or after, remains of fat. (S, M, * A.) And غَضِبَ عَلَي أَثَارَةٍ قِبْلَ ذَاكَ He became angry the more, having been angry before that. (Lh, M.) And أَغْضَبَنِي فُلَانٌ عَلَى أَثَارَةِ غَضَبٍ Such a one angered me when anger yet remained in me. (A.) And أَثَارَةٌ مِنْ عِلْمٍ, and ↓ أَثَرَةٌ, (T, S, M, K,) and ↓ أُثْرَةٌ, (M, K,) or ↓ أَثْرَةٌ, (T,) the first of which is the most approved, (M,) and is [originally] an inf. n., [see أَثَرَ الآحَدِيثَ,] (T,) signify A remain, or relic, of knowledge, (Zj, T, S, M, K, and Jel in xlvi. 3 of the Kur,) transmitted, or handed down, (K, Jel,) from the former generations: (Jel:) or what is transmitted, or handed down, of knowledge: (Zj, M:) or somewhat transmitted from the writings of the former generations: (TA:) by the knowledge spoken of [in the Kur ubi suprà] is meant that of writing, which was given to certain of the prophets. (I'Ab.) آثِرٌ One who relates, or recites, a tradition, narrative, or story, or traditions, &c., as received, or heard, from another, or others; a narrator thereof. (T, S, * L.) The saying of 'Omar, on his being forbidden by Mohammad to swear by his father, مَا حَلَفْتُ بِهِ ذَاكِراً وَلَا آثِرًا, means I did not swear by him uttering (the oath) as proceeding in the first instance from myself, nor repeating (it) as heard from another particular person. (A'Obeyd, T, S, TA.) b2: أَفْعَلُ هذَا آثِرًا مَّا, (IAar, T, S, K,) and آثِرًاwithout ما, (IAar, T,) and ↓ آثِرَ ذِى أَثِيرٍ, (S, K,) mean I will do this the first of every thing. (S, K. *) And in like manner, after لَقِيتُهُ[I met him, or it], one says, آثِرًا مَّا, [and ↓ آثِرَ ذِى أَثِيرٍ,] and ↓ أَوَّلَ ذِى أَثِيرٍ, (M, K,) and آثِرَ ذَاتِ يَدِى, (M,) or ذَاتِ يَدَيْنِ, (K,) and ذِى يَدَيْنِ, (IAar, M, K,) and ↓ أَثِيرَةَ ذِى أَثِيرٍ, and ↓ ذِى أثِيرَيْنِ ↓ إُثْرَةَ, (K,) and ↓ آثِرَ ذِى أَثِيرَيْنِ, (M, as from Lh,) or ↓ ذِى أَثِيرَيْنِ ↓ أَثَرَ, (K,) and ↓ ذِى أَثِيرَيْنِ, ↓ إِثْرَ and مَّا ↓ إِثْرَةً : (Lh, M, K:) or, as some say, ↓ الأَثِيرُsignifies the daybreak, or down; and ↓ ذُو أَثِيرٍ, the time thereof. (M, TA.) Fr says that اِبْدَأْ بِهذَا آثِرًا مَّا, and ↓ آثِرَ ذِى أَثِيرٍ, and ↓ أَثِيرَ ذِى أَثِيرٍ, signify Begin thou with this first of every thing. (TA.) One says also, اِفْعَلْهُ, آثِرًا مَّا, (T, M, TA,) and مَّا ↓ إِثْرًا, (M, TA,) meaning Do thou it [at least], if thou do nothing else: (T, M, TA:) or, as some say, do thou it in preference to another thing, or to other things: ماbeing redundant, but [in this case] not to be omitted, because [it is a corroborative, and] the meaning of the phrase is, do thou it by choice, or preference, and with care. (M, TA.) Mbr says that the phrase خُذْ هذَا آثِرًا مَّاmeans Take thou this in preference; i. e., I give it thee in preference; as though one desired to take, of another, one thing, and had another thing offered to him for sale: and ماis here redundant. (T, TA.) تَأْثُورٌ: see آُثْرَةٌ.

تُؤْثُورٌ: see آثْرَةٌ, in two places: and see مِئْثَرَةٌ, in two places.

مَأثُرَةٌ (T, S, M, K, &c.) and مَأْثَرَةٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ أُثْرَةٌ(M, K) A generous quality or action; (Az, S;) so called because related, or handed down, by generation from generation: (S:) or a generous quality that is inherited by generation from generation: (M, K:) a generous quality, or action, related, or handed down by tradition from one's ancestors: (A:) a cause of glorying: (Az:) and precedence in أُثْرَةٌ[or grounds of pretension to respect, &c.]: pl. of the first and second, حَسَب. (Az, T.) مِئْثَرَةٌand ↓ تُؤْثُورٌ An iron instrument (S, M, K) with which the bottom of a camel's foot is marked, in order that his footprints upon the ground may be known: (M:) or, with which the inner [i. e. under] part of a camel's foot is scraped, in order that his footprints may be traced: (S, K:) or ↓ تؤثورhas a different meaning, explained above, voce أُثْرَةٌ. (M.) The مِيثَرَةof a horse's saddle is without hemz. (S.) مَأْثُورٌ A camel having a mark made upon the bottom of his foot with the iron instrument called مِئْثَرَة, in order that his footprints upon the ground may be known: (T:) or having the inner [i. e. under] part of his foot scraped with that instrument, in order that his footprints may be traced. (S.) b2: A sword having in its مَتْن[or broad side; or the middle of the broad side, of the blade,] diversified wavy marks, streaks, or grain, or lustre or glitter: (M, K: [in some copies of the latter of which, instead of أَثْرٌ, I find أَثَرٌ:]) or having its متنof female, or soft, iron, and its edge of male iron, or steel: (K:) or that is said to be of the fabric of the jinn, or genii; (S, M, K*) and not from الأَثْر, as signifying الفِرِنْد: (S, M:) so says As: (S:) [ISd says,] مأثورis in my opinion a pass. part. n. that has no verb: (M:) or it signifies an ancient sword, which has passed by inheritance from great man to great man. (A.) b3: A tradition, narrative, or story, handed down from one to another, from generation to generation. (T, S, A.)

لد

1 لَدّ, originally لَدِدَ, (second Pers\. لَدِدْتَ, L,) aor. ـَ (L, Msb,) inf. n. لَدَدٌ (S, A, L, Msb,) He was violent, or vehement, in contention, or altercation; in dispute; in litigation. (S, A, L, Msb.) b2: لَدَّهُ, (S, L, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (S, L, Msb,) inf. n. لَدٌّ, (L, Msb,) He overcame him in contention, or altercation; in dispute; in litigation: (S, * L, K: *) or he opposed him violently, or vehemently, in contention, or altercation; in dispute; in litigation. (Msb.) لَدِدْتَ, (in some copies of the K, لَدَدْتَ,) inf. n. لَددٌ, (IKtt, L: in the K, لَدٌّ:) Thou becamest such as is called أَلَدّ [violent, or vehement, in contention, &c.]. (IKtt, L, K.) b3: لَدَّهُ عَنِ الأَمْرِ, (inf. n. لَدٌّ, L,) He restrained, withheld, debarred, hindered, or prevented, him from doing the thing: (L, K: *) he made him to return or revert, or turned him back or away, with gentleness, from the thing, or affair; like رَدَّهُ: (T and L, art. رد:) of the dial. of Hudheyl. (L.) A2: لَدَّهُ, (K,) or لَدَّهُ بِاللَّدُودِ, (M,) aor. ـُ (L,) inf. n. لَدٌّ and لُدُودٌ; (M, K;) and ↓ الدّهُ; (S, L, K;) and لَدَّهُ اللَّدُودَ; (M, L, K;) He administered to him the medicine, or draught, termed لَدُود. (S, * M, L, K. *) The action termed اللَّدُّ is the taking a child's tongue, and drawing it to one side, and pouring medicine in the other side, between the tongue and the side of the mouth. (Fr, L.) b2: لُدَّ He had a medicine, or draught, of the kind termed لَدُود administered to him. (S, L, K.) See also 8. b3: لَدَدْتُهُمُ النَّصِيحَةَ (tropical:) I administered to them sincere, or faithful, advice, or counsel, like as one administers the medicine, or draught, termed لَدُود. (L.) 2 لدّد بِهِ i. q. ندّد به, (L, K,) i. e., He rendered him notorious, or infamous. (L.) 3 لادّهُ, inf. n. لِدَادٌ (A, Msb) and مُلَادَّةٌ, (A,) He contended with him violently, or vehemently, in an altercation; in a dispute; in a litigation. (A, Msb.) b2: مَا زِلْتُ أُلَادُّ عَنْكَ I ceased not to repel from thee; or, to defend thee. (S.) 4 الدّهُ He found him to be such as is called أَلَدّ [violent, or vehement, in contention, &c]. (TA.) b2: الدّ بِهِ He opposed him in contention, or altercation; in dispute; in litigation. (TA.) See also 1 and 3.5 تلدّد (tropical:) He turned his face to the right and left, (S, L, K,) in confusion, perplexity, or amazement: (L, K:) from اللَّدِيدَانِ signifying “ the two sides ” of the neck. (S, L.) b2: He tarried, or waited, in expectation. (K, TA.) 8 التدّ, (S, L, K,) and التدّ لَدُودًا, (S, L,) He swallowed a medicine, or draught, of the kind termed لَدُود. (S, * L, * K.) See also لُدّض.

A2: التدّ عَنْهُ He declined from him, or it. (K.) لَدٌّ: see لَادٌّ. b2: A [sack of the kind called]

جُوَالِق: (S, L, K:) like لَبِيدٌ. (TA.) لَدُودٌ: see لَادٌّ.

A2: لَدُودٌ and ↓ لَدِيدٌ A medicine (or draught, As, L) that is poured into one of the two sides of the mouth (As, S, L, K) by means of the instrument called مُسْعُط: (L, K:) pl. أَلِدَّةٌ: (S, L, K:) from اللَّدِيدَانِ signifying

“ the two sides ” of a valley. (S, L.) It is said in a proverb, جَرَى مِنْهُ مَجْرَى اللَّدُودِ [It acted upon him, or affected him, like the medicine, or draught, termed لَدُود; i. e., unpleasantly, or disagreeably]. (ISk, S.) See Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 282 لَدِيدٌ: see لَدُودٌ.

A2: لَدِيدَانِ The two sides of a valley: (S, A, L:) each of them is called لَدِيدٌ: (L:) and the two sides of the neck, (S, A, L, K,) below the ears: (L, K:) or the two lateral muscles of the neck: (M, L:) the two sides of the mouth: (A, L:) and of the penis: (L:) and (as some say, L) of anything: (L, K:) pl. أَلِدَّةٌ: (S, L, K:) and لَدِيدٌ, accord. to AA, signifies the outside of the neck. (L.) A3: See لَادٌّ.

لَادٌّ and ↓ لَدُودٌ, (S, L, Msb, K,) the latter having an intensive sense, and ↓ لَدٌّ, which is an inf. n. used as an epithet [and therefore also intensive], (Msb,) A man who overcomes in contention, or altercation; in dispute; in litigation: (S, * L, K: *) or, who opposes violently, or vehemently, and very violently, or vehemently, in contention, or altercation; in dispute; in litigation: (Msb:) and ↓ أَلَدُّ (S, L, Msb, K) and ↓ أَلَنْدَدٌ and ↓ يَلَنْدَدٌ (S, L, K) a man violent, or vehement, in contention, or altercation; in dispute; in litigation: (S, L, Msb:) or difficult therein, and vehement in war: (IKtt:) or a contentious, disputatious, or litigious, (L,) and tenacious adversary, who will not incline to the truth: (L, K:) the fem. of ↓ ألَدُّ is لَدَّآءُ: (L, Msb:) and the pl, لُدٌّ (S, L, Msb, K) and لِدَادٌ: (L, K:) the أ in ↓ أَلَنْدَدٌ and the ى in ↓ يَلَنْدَدٌ are letters of quasi-coördination, [i. e., added to render those two words quasi-coordinate to سَفَرْجَلٌ,] as is shown by the two dáls being not incorporated by idghám; for it is allowable to add a letter at the beginning of a word for the purpose of quasi-coördination when the word has another augmentative letter: (IJ, L:) the dim. of ↓ أَلنْدَدٌ is ↓ أُلَيْدُّ, because it is originally أَلَدُّ, the ن being added to render it quasi-coördinate to سَفَرْجَلٌ. (S, L.) قَوْمًا لُدًّا in the Kur, [xix. 97,] is said to signify A people who are adversaries perverted from the truth: or, who are deaf to the truth. (L.) You say also, هُوَ شَدِيدٌ لَدِيدٌ [assimilating the second epithet in form to the first, He is strong, and one who overcomes in contention, &c.] (A.) أَلَدُّ and أَلَنْدَدٌ and يَلَنْدَدٌ and أُلَيْدُّ: see لَادٌّ.

مَلْدُودٌ A man who has had a medicine, or draught, of the kind termed لَدُود administered to him. (S, L, K.) المُتَلَدَّدُ (tropical:) The neck. (A, L, K.) مَا لِى عَنْهُ مُلْتَدٌّ I have no way of avoiding, or escaping, it: (S, L, K:) as also مُحْتَدٌّ. (S, L.)

سر

1 سَرَّهُ, accord. to the TA, has two contr. significations: for it is there stated that “ one says سَرَرْتُهُ meaning كَتَمْتُهُ and سَرَرْتُهُ meaning أَعْلَنْتُهُ: ” and it is added that “ it will occur again soon: ” but it does not again occur in that work, nor have I found it in any other lexicon: I therefore think that it is a mistranscription, for أَسْرَرْتُهُ, first Pers\. of أَسَرَّهُ, q. v.]

A2: سَرَّهُ, (S, O, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ (MS,) inf. n. مَسَرَّةٌ (S, O, K) and سُرُورٌ [which latter, from the explanations of it which will be found below, seems to be generally, if not only, as an inf. n., that of سُرَّ,] and سُرٌّ [which is also syn. with سُرُورٌ in the senses assigned to the latter below] and سُرَّى and تَسِرَّةٌ [which last may be also an inf. n. of ↓ سرّرهُ expl. by Freytag as syn. with سَرَّهُ in the sense here following, but without an indication of any authority], (O, K,) He, or it, rejoiced him; gladdened him; or made him happy; syn. أَفْرَحَهُ: (Msb, K:) [or made him to experience a pleasure, or delight, and dilatation of the heart, of which there was no external sign: see سُرُورٌ, below.] And سُرَّ, [inf. n. سُرُورٌ, (see above,)] He rejoiced; was joyful, or glad; or was happy: (S, * A, * K:) [or he experienced a pleasure, or delight, and dilatation of the heart, of which there was no external sign; accord. to an explanation of سُرُورٌ:] you say, سُرَّ بِهِ and ↓ اِسْتَسَرَّ [He rejoiced, was joyful or glad, or was happy, by reason of him, or it]. (A.) b2: سَرَّهُ, (K,) aor. as above, (TA,) also signifies He saluted him with [the offering of what are termed] المَسَرَّة, i. e. the extremities of sweet-smelling plants. (K.) A3: Also سَرَّهُ, (S, M,) aor. as above, inf. n. سَرٌّ, (S,) or سِرٌّ, (so in a copy of the M,) He cut his (a child's) سِرَر, or سُرّ, i. e. navel-string. (S, M.) and سُرَّ He (a child) had his navel-string cut. (K.) b2: And سَرَّهُ, aor. as above, He pierced him, or thrust him, [with a spear or the like,] in his سُرَّة [or navel]: a poet says, وَإِنْ أَدْبَرُوا فَهُمُ مَنْ يُسَبْ نَسُرُّهُمُ إِنْ هُمُ أَقْبَلُوا [We pierce them in the navel if they advance; and if they retreat, they are those who are pierced in the podex; يُسَبْ being for يُسَبُّ]. (S.) A4: سَرَّ الزَّنْدَ, aor. as above, inf. n. سَرٌّ, He put a piece of wood, (M, K,) or a little piece of wood, (S,) in the interior of the زند [or piece of stick, or wood, for producing fire], (M,) or in its extremity, (S, K,) inserting it in its interior, (S,) in order that he might produce fire with it. (S, M, K.) One says, سُرَّ زَنْدَكَ فَإِنَّهُ أَسَرُّ Fill up the interior of thy زند, that it may produce fire, (AHn, M,) for it is [worn] hollow. (S, K.) A5: سَرَّ, [sec. Pers\. سَرِرْتَ,] aor. ـَ (IAar, Sgh, L, K,) inf. n. سَرَرٌ, remarked upon by MF as extr., [though it is agreeable with a general rule,] said of a man, (TA,) He had a complaint of the سُرَّة [or navel]. (IAar, Sgh, L, K.) b2: Also, aor. and inf. n. as in the next preceding case, said of a camel, He had the pain, or disorder, termed سَرَرٌ [q. v.]. (IAar, M.) 2 سَرَّّ see 1, second sentence.

A2: سَرَّرْتُهُ in the phrase سَرَّرْتُهُ سُرِّيَّةً I gave him, or caused him to take, a concubine slave, doubly trans., is [said to be] changed to سَرَّيْتُهُ for alleviation of the pronunciation. (Msb.) A3: سرّرهُ, inf. n. تَسْرِيرٌ, said of water, It reached his سُرَّة [or navel]. (K.) 3 سارّهُ, inf. n. مُسَارَّةٌ and سِرَارٌ, (S, M,) [He spoke, or discoursed, secretly to him or with him;] he acquainted him with a secret. (M.) You say, سارّهُ فِى أُذُنِهِ He spoke secretly to him in his ear. (S, * K, * TK.) And كَانَ يُحَدِّثُهُ كَأَخِى السِّرَارِ occurs in a trad., meaning He (Mohammad) used to talk to him ('Omar) in a low voice, like him who is telling a secret. (TA.) b2: بَيْعُ السِّرَارِ is The selling in which one says, “I will put forth my hand and thou shalt put forth thy hand, and if I produce my signet-ring before thee, it is a sale for such a price; and if thou produce thy signet-ring before me, for such a price: ” if they produce together, or do not both produce, they do thus again. (Mgh.) 4 اسرّهُ, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِسْرَارٌ; (Msb;) [and accord. to the TA سَرَّهُ; but see the first sentence of this art.;] He concealed it; suppressed it; kept it secret; (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) namely, a story, or the like: (A, Mgh, Msb:) and, contr., he manifested it; revealed it; published it; made it known. (S, M, Msb, K.) Both of these significations have been assigned to the verb in the phrase وَأَسَرُّوا النَّدَامَةَ, in the Kur [x. 55 and xxxiv. 32]: (S:) some say, that the meaning is They will manifest repentance: Th says, they will conceal it from their chiefs: the former [says ISd] is the more correct: (M:) the former meaning is also given on the authority of AO; but Sh says, I have not heard it on the authority of any other; and Az says that the lexicologists most strongly disapprove of the saying of AO; and it is said that the meaning is, they, the chiefs of the polytheists, will conceal repentance from the lower class of their people, whom they shall have caused to err; and in like manner say Zj and the [other] expositors. (TA.) In like manner also the two contr. significations are assigned to the verb in the saying of Imra-el- Keys, [in his Mo'allakah,] لَوْ يُسِرُّونَ مَقْتَلِى, which As used to quote with ش, thus, لَوْ يُشِرُّونَ مَقْتَلِى, meaning that they might publish, or make known, my slaughter. (S.) You say also, أَسَرَّ إِلَيْهِ حَدِيثًا He revealed unto him a story (S, K) secretly. (TA.) An ex. occurs in the Kur lxvi. 3. (TA.) And أَسْرَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ المَوَدَّةَ, and بِالمَوَدَّةِ, I showed, or manifested, to him love, or affection. (S.) It is said in the Kur [lx. 1], تُسِرُّونَ إِلَيْهِمْ بِالْمَوَدَّةِ, meaning, Ye reveal to them the news of the Prophet by reason of the love that is between you and them; the objective complement of the verb being suppressed: or المودّة may be an objective complement, the ب being a redundant corroborative, as in أَخَذَ الخِطَامَ and أَخَذَ بِهِ: (Msb:) and this interpretation is correct; for إِسْرَارٌ to a person necessarily implies revealing a secret to him and at the same time concealing it from another. (B.) b2: وَأَسَرُّوهُ بِضَاعَةً, in the Kur xii. 19, signifies And they concealed, or kept secret, his case, making him as an article of merchandise: (Jel:) or they conjectured in their minds that they should obtain, by selling him, merchandise. (TA.) [See also an ex. voce اِرْتَغَى, in art. رغو.] b3: اسرّ الفَاتِحَةَ, and بِالفَاتِحَةِ, He recited the Fátihah [or First Chapter of the Kur-án] secretly, or inaudibly: (Msb:) or the latter form of expression is a mistake. (Mgh.) b4: أَسْرَرْتُهُ also signifies نَسَبْتُهُ إِلَى السِّرِّ [which may mean either I attributed it to secrecy, or, like many phrases of this kind, by inversion, I attributed to him secrecy, or mystery]. (Msb.) 5 تسرّر and تسرّى, (M, K,) and ↓ استسرّ, (K,) He took to himself a concubine-slave. (M, * K, * TA.) And تَسَرَّرْتُ جَارِيَةً, and تَسَرَّيْتُهَا, (S,) and ↓ اِسْتَسَرَّيْتُهَا, (TA,) I took to myself a girl, or young woman, as a concubine-slave. (S, * TA.) تَسَرَّرْتُهَا is [said to be] thus changed to تَسَرَّيْتُهَا, (T, S, Msb,) for alleviation of the pronunciation, (Msb,) on account of the three ر s following one another, (T,) being like تَظَنَّنْتُ and تَظَنَّيْتُ. (T, * S.) Lth says that تسرّيت is a mistake; but Az says that it is correct. (TA.) ↓ اِسْتَسَرَّنِى

occurs in a trad. as signifying He took me to himself as a concubine-slave; but by rule one should say تَسَرَّرَنِى, or تَسَرَّانِى: as to ↓ استسرّنى, it [more properly] signifies “ He revealed to me his secret. ” (TA.) b2: تَسَرَّرَ فُلَانٌ بِنْتَ فُلَانٍ [as though signifying Such a one took to himself the daughter of such a one as a concubine-slave] is said when a man of low birth takes as his wife a woman or girl of high birth because of the abundance of his property and the littleness of hers. (M.) 6 تسارّوا They spoke, or discoursed, secretly together; acquainted one another with secrets. (S, K.) [See also 3.]

A2: تسارّإِلَى ذٰلِكَ (tropical:) He experienced pleasure, or delight, at that: as, for instance, at his scratching a part of his body, or pressing, or kneading, it; and at a thing disliked by another person. (A, TA.) [But I am in some doubt as to the correctness of this, and incline to think that it is a mistake for ↓ استسرّ.]10 استسرّ He, or it, became concealed; or he, or it, concealed himself or itself: (K:) it (a thing, or an affair,) became hidden or concealed or secret: (A, Msb:) it (the moon) became concealed (S, M, A, TA) by the light of the sun, (TA,) [i. e. by its proximity to the sun,] for one night, or for two nights. (AO, S.) A2: استسرّهُ He took extraordinary pains in concealing it, or keeping it secret. (TA.) b2: See also 5, in four places. b3: اِسْتَسَرَّنِى He revealed to me his secret. (TA.) A3: See also 1; and see 6, last sentence.

سَرٌّ A man who rejoices, or gladdens, another; or makes him happy; (S, K;) [and so ↓ سَارٌّ:] fem. سَرَّةٌ; with which ↓ سَارَّةٌ is syn. (Lh, M, K.) You say رَجُلٌ بَرٌّ سَرٌّ A man who treats with goodness and affection and gentleness, and rejoices &c., (S, K, TA,) his brethren: (TA:) pl. بَرُّونَ سَرُّونَ. (S, K.) سُرٌّ: see سُرُورٌ: A2: and سِرٌّ, last sentence but one.

A3: It is also a contraction of سُرُرٌ, pl. of سَرِيرٌ. (Sb, M.) A4: Also, and ↓ سِرَرٌ, (S, M, K,) and ↓ سَرَرٌ, (S, K, in the CK سُرَر,) The navel-string of a child; i. e. the thing that the midwife cuts off from the navel (سُرَّة) of a child; (S, K;) the thing that hangs from the navel (سُرَّة) of a newborn child, and that is cut off: or ↓ سِرَرٌ signifies the part that is cut off thereof, and that goes away: (M:) pl. (of سِرَرٌ, S, [or of سُرٌّ or سَرَرٌ,]) أَسِرَّةٌ, (Yaakoob, S, M, K,) which is extr. (M.) One says, عَرَفْتُ ذٰلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْطَعَ سُرُّكَ [I knew that before thy navel-string was cut]: one should not say سُرَّتُكَ; for the سُرَّة is not cut. (S.) and وَاحِدِ ↓ وَلَدَتْ ثَلَاثَةً فِى سَرَرٍ She brought forth three [boys] consecutively, or one at the heels of another. (M.) [See also سِرٌّ, last sentence.]

سِرٌّ A secret; a thing that is concealed, or suppressed, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) in the mind; (TA;) as also ↓ سَرِيرَةٌ: (S, M, A, K:) or the former has the above-mentioned signification, and the latter signifies a secret action, whether good or evil: (Lth:) [and the former, also, a mystery:] pl. of the former, أَسْرَارٌ; (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) and of the latter, سَرَائِرُ. (S, A, K.) It is said in a prov., مَا يَوْمُ حَلِيمَةَ بِسِرٍّ [The day of Haleemeh is not a secret]: applied to anything commonly known: alluding to Haleemeh the daughter of El-Hárith the son of Aboo-Shemir El-Ghassánee; for, when her father sent an army to El-Mundhir the son of Má-es-Semà, she took forth for the soldiers some perfume in a vessel (مِرْكَن), and perfumed them with it. (S.) [You say also, هُوَ مَوْضِعُ سِرِّى He is the depositary of my secret, or secrets.] The words of the Kur [lxxxvi. 9] ↓ يَوْمَ تُبْلَى السَّرَائِرُ signify In the day wherein the secret tenets and intentions shall be tried and revealed: (Jel:) or by السرائر is here meant fasting, and prayer, and alms-giving, and ablution on account of the pollution termed جَنَابَة. (TA.) [See also a verse cited in the third paragraph of art. عرض.] b2: A thing that is revealed, appears, or is made manifest: thus it has two contrary significations. (MF.) b3: السِّرُّ [for مَحَلُّ السِّرِّ, (assumed tropical:) The heart; the mind; the recesses of the mind; the secret thoughts; the soul;] is a syn. of الضَّمِيرُ. (K in art. ضمر. [See also سَرِيرَةٌ.]) [لَا تُتْعِبْ سِرَّكَ (assumed tropical:) Weary not thy heart, or mind, is a common modern phrase. And one says, of a deceased holy man, قَدَّسَ اللّٰهُ سِرَّهُ (assumed tropical:) May God sanctify his soul.] b4: سِرٌّ also signifies Secrecy; privacy; contr. of عَلَانِيَةٌ. (S in art. علن.) Yousay سِرًّا وَعَلَانِيَةً [Secretly and openly; or privately and publickly]. (Kur ii. 275, &c.) b5: Concealment. (S.) b6: Suppression; contr. of إِعْلَانٌ. (Msb.) [So in the phrase تَكَلَّمَ سِرًّا He spoke with a suppressed, or low, voice; softly.] b7: [One having private knowledge of a thing. Yousay,] فُلَانٌ سِرُّ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one has [private] knowledge of this thing. (TA.) b8: (tropical:) The penis (T, S, M, K) of a man: (T:) and (tropical:) the vulva, or external portion of the organs of generation, of a woman. (K.) One says, اِلْتَقَى السِّرَّانِ (tropical:) The two pudenda met. (A.) b9: (tropical:) Concubitus. (AHeyth, S, Mgh, K.) b10: (tropical:) Marriage: (M, A, Msb, K:) pl. أَسْرَارٌ. (TA.) You say, وَاعَدَهَا سِرًّا (tropical:) He promised her marriage, she promising him the same. (A.) So, accord. to some, in the Kur ii.

235. (TA.) b11: (tropical:) Plain declaration of marriage: (K:) i. e., a man's offering himself in marriage to a woman during her عِدَّة: so expl. as occurring in the Kur ubi suprà: (TA:) or a man's demanding a woman in marriage during her عِدَّة. (Mujáhid.) b12: (tropical:) Adultery, or fornication: (AHeyth, (K:) so, accord. to Aboo-Mijlez and El-Hasan, in the Kur ubi suprà. (TA.) Hence the saying, لَا يُرْجَى مِنْ وَلَدِ السِّرِّ بِرٌّ (tropical:) One does not hope for filial piety from the offspring of adultery, or fornication. (TK.) b13: (assumed tropical:) Origin; syn. أَصْلٌ; (M, K;) as in the phrase هُوَ كَرِيمُ السِّرِّ كَثِيرُ البِرِّ He is of generous origin, of much filial piety. (TK.) b14: (assumed tropical:) The commencement, or first night, of a lunar month: (K, TA:) or its middle; (K;) app. meaning what are called الأَيَّامُ البِيضُ: (TA:) but Az says, I know it not in this sense. (IAth.) b15: (assumed tropical:) The interior of anything; its heart. (K.) Whence سِرُّ الشَّهْرِ and اللَّيْلِ (assumed tropical:) [The middle of the lunar month and of the night]. (TA.) b16: The marrow of anything. (TA.) b17: (tropical:) The pure, or choice, or best, part of anything. (Fr, M, K.) You say, أَعْطَيْتُكَ سِرَّهُ (tropical:) I gave thee the pure, or choice, or best, part of it. (A.) b18: (tropical:) The pure, or genuine, quality of race, or lineage: (S, A, K:) its best quality: (S, K:) and the middle sort thereof; (S;) and of rank, or quality, or the like: (M:) as also ↓ سَرَارٌ and ↓ سَرَارَةٌ. (M, K.) One says, هُوَ فِى سِرِّ قَوْمِهِ (tropical:) He is of the best [in race or family] of his people: (TA:) or of the middle sort of them. (S.) b19: (tropical:) The low, or depressed, part of a valley: (K:) the best, (S, K,) or most fruitful, (As, M, TA,) part thereof: (As, S, M, K:) as also ↓ سَرَارٌ (M, K) and ↓ سَرَارَةٌ (As, S, M, K) and ↓ سُرَّةٌ: (M, K:) or the last signifies the middle of a valley: (S:) the pl. of سِرٌّ is سِرَرٌ and سُرُورٌ (M) and أَسِرَّةٌ, like as أَقِنَّةٌ is of قِنٌّ, (S,) or the last is pl. of ↓ سَرَارٌ, like as أَقْذِلَةٌ is of قَذَالٌ; (M;) and that of ↓ سَرَارَةٌ is ↓ سَرَارٌ, (S,) or [this is a coll. gen. n., and the pl. is] سَرَائِرُ: (M:) also

↓ سُرَّةٌ (assumed tropical:) the middle of a city: and أَسِرَّةٌ the middles of meadows. (TA.) And أَرْضٌ سِرٌّ (assumed tropical:) Fruitful, good, land; (M, K;) as also ↓ سَرَّآءُ. (K, * TA.) b20: Also (assumed tropical:) Goodness; excellence. (Msb.) b21: Also, and ↓ سُرٌّ, (M, K,) and ↓ سِرَرٌ, (S, M, K,) and ↓ سُرُرٌ, (K,) and ↓ سِرَارٌ, (S, M, K,) A line of the palm of the hand, (M, K, *) and of the face, (M,) and of the forehead: (S, M, Mgh:) pl. (of سِرٌّ, TA, or of ↓ سِرَارٌ, S) أَسِرَّةٌ, (M, TA,) and (of the same, K, or of ↓ سِرَرٌ, S, Mgh) أَسْرَارٌ; (S, M, Mgh, K;) and pl. pl., [i. e. pl. of أَسْرَارٌ,] أَسَارِيرُ: (S, M, (Mgh, K:) this last, accord. to AA, signifies the lines in the forehead, from the shrivelling of the skin; and its sing. is ↓ سَرَرٌ: (TA:) some also apply the pl. أَسِرَّةٌ to (tropical:) lines, or streaks, of herbage; as being likened to the lines of the hand and of the face, but this is not of valid authority: (M:) and أَسَارِيرُ (as pl. of أَسْرَارٌ, which is pl. of سِرَرٌ, TA) also signifies the beauties of the face, and of the cheeks, and of the elevated parts of the cheeks. (K, TA.) b22: وُلِدَ لَهُ ثَلَاثَةٌ عَلَى سِرٍّ, (K,) and عَلَى

وَاحِدٍ ↓ سِرَرٍ, (K, * TA,) means Three children were born to him, whose navel-strings were cut in a similar manner, without any female among them. (K. [See also سُرٌّ.]) سُرَّةٌ The navel; i. e. the place from which the navel-string (سُرّ) has been cut off; (S;) the small cavity, or hollow, of the belly, (M, TA,) in the middle thereof; (TA;) what remains of the سِرَر: (M:) [see سُرٌّ:] pl. سُرَرٌ [in the CK erroneously سِرَرٌ] and سُرَّاتٌ. (S, K.) b2: [Hence,] سُرَّةُ الفَرَسِ (assumed tropical:) [The navel of the horse,] the star, of Pegasus, that is in the head of Andromeda. (Kzw.) b3: [Hence likewise] سُرَّةٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A perforation in the middle of a jar such as is termed مُزَمَّلَة [q. v.], in which is fixed a tube of silver or lead, whence one drinks. (Har p. 548.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) The place where the water rests, in the furthest part, of a watering-trough, or tank. (K, TA.) b5: See also سِرٌّ, in two places, in the latter part of the paragraph.

سَرَرٌ a subst. from سَارَّهُ [like its syn. نَجْوَى

from نَاجَاهُ, signifying Secret discourse, or a secret communication, between two persons or parties]. (M.) A2: See also سَرَارُ الشَّهْرِ: A3: and سِرٌّ, last sentence but one: A4: and سُرٌّ, in two places.

A5: Also A pain which a camel suffers in his كِرْكِرَة [or callous projection upon the breast], arising from a gall, or sore: (S, * K:) or sores in the hinder part of the كركرة of a camel, nearly penetrating into his inside, but not mortal: or a disease that attacks the horse: (M:) it is said by Lth to be a pain in the navel; but Az and others say that this is a mistake. (TA.) b2: Also Hollowness of a spear-shaft [&c.]. (S, K.) [See أَسَرُّ.]

سُرُرٌ: see سِرٌّ, last sentence but one: A2: and سُرُورٌ.

A3: It is also a pl. of سَرِيرٌ [q. v.]. (S, M, Msb, K.) سِرَرٌ: see سَرَارُ الشَّهْرِ: A2: and سِرٌّ, last two sentences, in three places: A3: and سُرٌّ, in two places.

A4: Also The coats, or coverings, and earth, that are upon truffles; (S, K;) and ↓ سَرِيرٌ signifies the same, (TA,) or the sand (K, TA) and earth and coats or coverings (TA) upon truffles: (K, TA:) here, and in some copies of the Tekmileh, for كَمْأَة, is put أَكَمَة: (TA:) or both signify the earth that is upon truffles: (M:) or the former signifies the round clod of earth in which a truffle grows: (ISh, TA:) pl. of the former, (ISh, S,) and of ↓ the latter, (TA,) أَسْرَارٌ. (ISh, S, TA.) سَرَارُ الشَّهْرِ and ↓ سِرَارُهُ, (S, M, K,) but the latter is not approved by the lexicologists [in general], (Az,) and ↓ سَرَرُهُ (S, M, K) and ↓ سِرَرُهُ, (M,) and ↓ لَيْلَةُ السِّرَارِ (S) [or السَّرَارِ &c.], The last night of the lunar month: (S, K:) or when the month is twenty-nine, it is the twenty-eighth night; and when the month is thirty, it is the twenty-ninth night: (Fr:) or the night in which the moon becomes concealed by the light of the sun: (M:) sometimes this is the case one night, and sometimes it is two nights. (AO, S.) [See also الدَّعْجَآءُ, voce أَدْعَجُ.]

A2: سَرَارٌ is also syn. with سِرٌّ, in two senses: see سِرٌّ, in the latter part of the paragraph, in four places.

A3: It signifies also [Dates in the unripe state in which they are termed] سَيَابٌ [q. v.]. (K.) سِرَارٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places: A2: and سِرٌّ, last sentence but one, in two places: A3: and مَسَرَّةٌ.

سَرُورٌ: see what next follows.

سُرُورٌ, (S, M, A, Msb,) or ↓ سَرُورٌ, when used as a simple subst., (IAar, Sgh, K,) but this is strange, and, accord. to MF, unknown, whether as a simple subst. or as an inf. n., (TA,) and ↓ سُرٌّ (M, Msb) and ↓ سَرَّآءُ and ↓ تَسُرَّةٌ, (M,) Happiness, or joy, or gladness; syn. فَرَحٌ; (M, K; *) contr. of حُزْنٌ: (S:) or dilatation of the bosom with delight, or pleasure, wherein is quiet or tranquillity or rest of mind, of short or of long continuance; whereas فَرَحٌ is dilatation of the bosom with delight, or pleasure, of short continuance, transitory, or fleeting, not lasting, as is the case in bodily and worldly pleasures; but فَرَح is sometimes called سُرُور, and vice versâ: (Er-Rághib, TA in art. فرح:) or سُرُورٌ signifies pleasure, or delight, and dilatation of the heart, of which there is no external sign; distinguished from حُبُورٌ, which is cheerfulness, i. e., pleasure, or delight, or dilatation of the heart, which has a visible effect in the aspect. (TA.) A2: Also sing. of ↓ سُرُرٌ, (TA,) which signifies The upper extremities of the stems of plants. (K, TA.) See also مَسَرَّةٌ.

سَرِيرٌ [A couch-frame; a bedstead: a raised couch, or couch upon a frame: a throne:] a thing upon which one lies; syn. مُضْطَجَعٌ: (M, K:) or a thing upon which one sits: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَسِرَّةٌ and [of mult.] سُرُرٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) and some, for the latter, say سُرَرٌ, as more easy of pronunciation, (S, Msb,) and make the same change in other similar pls., (S,) and he who says صِيْدٌ [for صُيُدٌ, pl. of صَيُودٌ,] says سُرٌّ for سُرُرٌ. (Sb, M.) It is said to be derived from سُرُورٌ, because it generally belongs to persons of ease and affluence and of authority, and to kings. (MF.) b2: Hence, and as an appellation of good omen, (Er-Rághib,) A bier, before the corpse is carried upon it: (K:) when the corpse is carried upon it, it is called [نِعْشٌ and] جَِنَازَةٌ. (TA.) b3: [Hence,] سَرِيرُ بَنَاتِ نَعْشٍ (assumed tropical:) [The bier of BenátNaash;] the seven stars that are upon the neck and breast and two knees of the Greater Bear, resembling a semicircle; [app. τ, η, υ, ø, q, e, and f; (as in Freytag's Lex.;)] also called الحَوْضُ. (Kzw.) b4: [Hence likewise] سَرِيرٌ also signifies (tropical:) Dominion, sovereignty, rule, or authority: and ease, comfort, or affluence: (S, * K: [in some copies of each of which, we find النِّعْمَةُ in the place of النَّعْمَةُ:]) and settled means of subsistence. (M, TA.) You say, زَالَ عَنْ سَرِيرِهِ (tropical:) He ceased to enjoy authority, or power, and ease, comfort, or affluence. (A.) [See also an ex. in a verse cited in art. دغفل.] b5: And (tropical:) The part where the head rests upon the neck: (S, M, K, TA:) pl. أَسِرَّةٌ and سَرَائِرُ. (TA.) A2: See also سِرَرٌ, in two places: A3: and مَسَرَّةٌ.

سَرَارَةٌ: see سِرٌّ, in the latter part of the paragraph, in three places. It signifies also (assumed tropical:) The best of the productive parts of a meadow. (TA.) b2: And hence, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) Pureness, choiceness, or excellence, of anything: (M, K:) pureness, and excellence, of race, or lineage. (S.) It has no verb. (M.) You say, هُوَ فِى سَرَارَةٍ مِنْ عِيشَةٍ (tropical:) [He is in the best condition, or mode, of life]. (A.) And لَهَا عَلَيْهَا سَرَارَةٌ (assumed tropical:) She possesses superiority over her. (Fr.) سَرِيرَةٌ; and its pl. سَرَائِرُ: see سِرٌّ, first and fourth sentences, in three places. b2: Also The heart, or mind. (KL. [And so سِرٌّ, q. v.]) And One's inner man; syn. جَوَّانِىٌّ: opposed to عَلَانِيَةٌ and بَرَّانِىٌّ [q. v.]. (T in art. بر.) سَرَّآءُ Ampleness, or freedom from straitness, of the means, or circumstances, of life; syn. رَخَآءٌ; [or a happy state or condition;] contr. of ضَرَّآءُ; (S;) i. q. ↓ مَسَرَّةٌ and ↓ سَارُورَآءُ [contr. of مَضَرَّةٌ and ضَارُورَآءُ]. (K.) b2: See also سُرُورٌ: b3: and see سِرٌّ, near the end of the paragraph. b4: Also i. q. بَطْحَآءُ [q. v.]. (TA.) سِرِّىٌّ [rel. n. from سِرٌّ; Of, or relating to, anything secret: a secret, or mysterious, thing. b2: And] A man who does things secretly: pl. سِرِّيُّونَ. (M.) سُرِّيَّةٌ A concubine-slave; a female slave whom one takes as a possession and for concubitus; (M;) a female slave to whom one assigns a house, or chamber, in which he lodges her, (S, K,) and whom he takes as a possession and for concubitus: (TA:) of the measure فُعْلِيَّةٌ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb,) from سِرٌّ as signifying “ concubitus,” (S, M, * Mgh, Msb, K,) or as signifying “ concealment,” because a man often conceals and protects her from his wife; (S;) altered from the regular form of a rel. n., (S, M, Msb, K,) by its having damm [in the place of kesr]; (S, Msb;) for the rel. n. is sometimes thus altered, as in the instances of دُهْرِىٌّ from الدَّهْرُ and سُهْلِىٌّ from الأَرْضُ السَّهْلَةُ: (S:) or it is with damm to distinguish it from سِرِّيَّةٌ, which is applied to “ a free woman with whom one has sexual intercourse secretly,” (Msb,) or “ one who prostitutes herself: ” (TA:) or it is from سُرٌّ in the sense of سُرُورٌ; because her owner rejoices in her; (Akh, * S, * Msb;) and if so, it is agreeable with analogy: (Msb:) so says A Heyth; and this is the best that has been said respecting it: (TA:) or it is of the measure فُعُّولَةٌ, from سَرْوٌ, (M, Mgh,) the latter و being changed into ى for euphony, and then the [other] و being incorporated into it and thus becoming ى like it, after which the dammeh is changed into a kesreh because the ى is next to it: (M:) the pl. is سَرَارِىُّ (ISk, S, TA) and سَرَارٍ; (ISk, TA;) the latter, by poetic license. (Ham p. 304.) سِرِّيَّةٌ A free woman with whom one has sexual intercourse secretly, (Msb, TA, *) or who prostitutes herself: (TA:) distinguished from سُرِّيَّةٌ [q. v.]. (Msb, TA.) سُرْسُورٌ Intelligent; knowing; skilful; (S, M, K;) entering much into affairs, (S, K,) by means of his good artifices or artful contrivances. (TA.) You say, هُوَ سُرْسُورُ مَالٍ He is one who manages well, or takes good care of, property, or cattle, (AA, M, * K, * TA,) knowing what is conducive to the good thereof. (AA, TA.) And هُوَ ابْنُ سُرْسُورِهَا He is the knowing with respect to it. (T in art. بنى.) b2: A person beloved, or a friend; a special, or choice, companion; (K;) as also ↓ سُرْسُورَةٌ. (TA.) A2: Also The نَصْل [or spun thread, that has come forth,] of the spindle. (K.) سُرْسُورَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سَارٌّ; and its fem., with ة: see سَرٌّ.

سَارُورَآءُ: see سَرَّآءُ.

أَسَرُّ An adventive; one abiding among a people to whom he is not related; syn. دَخِيلٌ. (S, K.) Lebeed says, وَجَدِّى فَارِسُ الرَّعْشَآءِ مِنْهُمْ رَئِيسٌ لَا أَسَرُّ وَلَا سَنِيدُ [And my grandfather, the rider of Er-Raashà, was of them; a chief, not an adventive, nor of suspected origin]. (S.) A2: Also a camel having a gall, or sore, in the كِرْكِرَة [or callous projection upon the breast]: (S:) or having a pain therein, arising from a gall, or sore: (K:) or having sores in the hinder part thereof, nearly penetrating into his inside, but not mortal: or having the disorder termed ضَبٌّ, which is a tumour in the breast: (M:) fem. سَرَّآءُ. (M, K.) [See سَرَرٌ.] b2: زَنْدٌ أَسَرُّ A زند [or piece of stick, or wood, for producing fire,] that has become hollow [by wear]. (AHn, S, M, K. [See 1, near the end of the paragraph.]) And قَنَاةٌ سَرَّآءُ A hollow spearshaft. (S, M, K.) تَسُرَّةٌ: see سُرُورٌ.

مَسَرَّةٌ an inf. n. of سَرَّهُ [q. v.] (S, O, K.) b2: [And A cause of سُرُور, i. e. happiness, or joy, or gladness;] a thing whereby one is made happy, or joyful, or glad: pl. مَسَارُّ. (Msb.) b3: See also سَرَّآءُ. b4: Also, [perhaps as being a cause of pleasure,] The extremities of sweet-smelling plants; (M, O, K;) and so ↓ سُرُورٌ: (O, K:) or the latter, the upper halves of the stems of plants; (Lth, M, O; [but see سُرُورٌ;]) properly, the parts of a lotus-plant that are concealed [by the water] and are consequently succulent and soft and beautiful: and ↓ سَرِيرٌ, the root, or lower part, of a lotusplant, whereon it rests: (O:) or this last, the pith of the lotus-plant; (M, K;) and so ↓ سِرَارٌ: (TA:) [accord. to Az,] اِبْنُ المَسَرَّةِ signifies the branch [or sprig] of رَيْحَان [or of a sweetsmelling plant]. (T in art بنى.) مِسَرَّةٌ An instrument in which one speaks secretly, like a طُومَار [i. e. a roll, or scroll] (S, K) &c. (TA.) مَسْرُورٌ Happy, or joyful, or glad; or affected with سُرُور [q. v.]. (S, TA.) A2: Having the navel-string cut. (TA, from a trad.) b2: And with ة, applied to the kind of jar termed مُزَمَّلَة, Having a سُرَّة, meaning a perforation in the middle, in which is fixed a tube of silver or lead, whence one drinks. (Har p. 548.) وَقَفْتُ عَلَى مُسْتَسَرِّهِ I became acquainted with his hidden, or secret, affair. (A, * TA.)

رطل

1 رَطَلَ, (O, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. رَطْلٌ, (Msb, TA,) He weighed a thing: (O, TA:) or he put in motion a thing with his hand, (IDrd, O,) or weighed with his hand a thing, (Msb,) or tried a thing, (K,) in order that he might know its weight (IDrd, O, Msb, K) nearly. (Msb.) [See also 2.] But IF says, of this combination of letters and the like, that they are not of the genuine language [of the Arabs]. (O.) A2: He ran; syn. عَدَا. (O, K.) 2 تَرْطِيلٌ The act of weighing by, or with, أَرْطَال [or pound-weights]. (K.) [See also 1.]

A2: Also The anointing of the hair, (S, O,) or making it soft, or smooth, (K,) with oil, or ointment, and the crimping (تَكْسِير) thereof: (S, O, K:) and the making it to be loose, and to hang down: (IAar, IAmb, K:) accord. to IAmb, رطّل شَعَرَهُ meanshe made his hair to be loose, and to hang down: (O:) but accord. to the T, the saying of the vulgar, رَطَّلْتُ شَعَرِى, as meaning رَجَّلْتُهُ, [i. e. I made my hair to be wavy, or somewhat curly; or combed it; or combed it down; &c.;] is a mistake: for ترطيل signifies the act of making the hair soft, or smooth, with oil, or ointment; and wiping it so that it becomes soft, or smooth, and glossy. (TA.) 3 راطل ذَهَبًا بِذَهَبٍ, inf. n. مُرَاطَلَةٌ, He sold by counterpoising gold for gold, and وَرِقًا بِوَرِقٍ

coined dirhems for coined dirhems: but [Mtr says] I have not found this except in the “ Muwatta. ” (Mgh.) You say also, بَاعَ مُرَاطَلَةً [He sold by counterpoising]. (TA.) 4 ارطل He had a child such as is termed رَطْل [q. v.]: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) or his ears became flabby. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) رَطْلٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ رِطْلٌ (K) A man soft, lax, or uncompact; (S, O, K, * TA;) as also ↓ مُرْطِلٌ: (K, TA:) and old and weak: or inclining to softness, and laxness, or uncompactness, and old age: (K:) and a boy slender, slim, or lean, (K, TA,) or, as some say, (TA,) near to attaining puberty, or virility: (K, TA:) or whose bones have not become strong: (K:) or the former, applied to a boy, whose strength has not become fully established; as also ↓ مُرْطَلٌ [thus written with fet-h to the ط]: (O:) pl. رِطَلَةٌ: (O, TA:) and the first, i. e. رَطْلٌ, a man who is foolish; stupid; unsound, or deficient, in intellect or understanding; (K;) fem. with ة: (TA:) one who has not, or possesses not, what suffices; or who is not profitable to any one: and also having flaccid ears: (O:) and, applied to a horse, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) as also ↓ رِطْلٌ, (K,) or, as some say, the latter only, (TA,) light, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA,) and weak: (TA:) fem. with ة, (O, K, TA,) in all the senses. (TA.) A2: [الرَّطْلُ is also explained in the K as syn. with العَدْلُ: but perhaps this is a mistranscription for العَدْوُ, inf. n. of عَدَا: see 1, last sentence.]

A3: See also the next paragraph.

رِطْلٌ and ↓ رَطْلٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) the former of which is the better known, (Msb, TA,) or the more chaste, (O, TA,) [but the latter is that which is now in common use,] A certain thing with which one weighs, (Mgh, O, Msb,) or which one uses as a measure of capacity: (Mgh, Msb:) [or rather both: a pound-weight: and a pint-measure: and also a pound of anything: and a pint of anything:] the half of what is termed مَنًا: (S:) accord. to the standard of Baghdád, twelve ounces; the ounce (أُوقِيَّة) being an إِسْتَار and two thirds of an استار; and the استار being four مَثَاقِيل and half of a مِثْقَال; and the مثقال being a دِرْهَم and three sevenths of a درهم; and the درهم being six دَوَانِق; and the دَانِق being eight حَبَّات and two fifths of a حَبَّة; so that the رطل is ninety مثاقيل; i. e. a hundred and twenty-eight دَرَاهِم and four sevenths of a درهم (Msb:) or, accord. to A 'Obeyd, a hundred and twenty-eight دراهم of the weight of seven (وَزْنَ سَبْعَةٍ [explained voce دِرْهَمٌ]): (Mgh:) or twelve ounces; the ounce (أُوقِيَّة, i. e. the ounce of the Arabs, TA,) being forty دراهم; (Mgh, K, TA;) so that the whole is four hundred and eighty دراهم: (Mgh, TA:) this is the Syrian رطل: (TA:) and thus it is, accord. to El-Harbee, in the saying, السُّنَّةُ فِى

النِّكَاحِ رِطْلٌ [meaning The usage of the Prophet in the case of marriage was to give a رطل of silver]: (Mgh, TA:) so says Az in the T: (Mgh:) or, as is [also] said by Az, it is in this instance twelve ounces and a نَشّ; the نشّ being twenty [دراهم] so that the whole is five hundred دراهم; as is related on the authority of 'Áïsheh: but in a trad. 'Omar, twelve ounces, without the mention of the نشّ: accord. to the lawyers, [however,] when the رطل is mentioned without restriction, what is meant thereby is the رطل of Baghdád: (TA:) [as a measure of capacity, i. e. a pint,] it is said in the A [&c.] to be the eighth part of the صَاع; the half of the مُدّ; (TA;) [i. e.] the half of the مَنّ: and hence applied to one of the vessels of the vintner [app. because it contains a pint]: (Har p. 650:) pl. أَرْطَالٌ. (Msb.) A2: See also رَطْلٌ, in two places.

مُرْطَلٌ: see رَطْلٌ: b2: and see also what here follows.

مُرْطِلٌ, like مُحْسِنٌ [in measure], (K,) written by Sgh with fet-h, (TA,) i. e. ↓ مُرْطَلٌ, (so in the O,) A tall man. (O, K.) b2: See also رَطْلٌ.

عم

1 عَمَّ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. عُمُومٌ, (S, Msb, K,) i. q. شَمِلَ الجَمَاعَةَ [i. e. It was, or became, common, or general, or universal; or generally, or universally, comprehensive: it included the common, or general, or whole, aggregate, assemblage, bulk, mass, or extent, within its compass; or within the compass of its relation or relations, its effect or effects, its operation or operations, its influence, or the like]: said of a thing: (S, K:) of rain, &c.: (Msb:) عُمُومٌ signifies the including, or comprehending, [the generality, or] all: (PS:) and the happening, or occurring, to [the generality, or] all. (KL.) عَمَّ ثُؤَبَآءُ النَّاعِسِ [The yawning of the drowsy became common, or general, or universal,] is a prov., applied to the case of an event that happens in a town, or country, and then extends from it to the other towns, or countries. (TA.) b2: It is also trans. [signifying He, or it, included, comprehended, or embraced, persons, or things, in common, in general, or universally, within the compass of his action, or influence, &c., or within the compass of its relation or relations, its effect or effects, its operation or operations, its influence, or the like]: and when trans., its inf. n. is عَمٌّ. (TK.) One says, عَمَّ المَطَرُ الأَرْضَ [The rain included the general, or the whole, extent of the land within the compass of its fall]. (The Lexicons passim.) And عَمَّهُمْ بِالعَطِيَّةِ [He included them in common, in general, or universally, within the compass of the gift; or gave to them in common, in general, or universally]. (S, K.) And عَمَّ فِى

دُعَائِهِ وَخَصَّ [He included, or comprehended, persons or things in common, or in general, in his prayer or supplication &c., and particularized, or specified, some person or thing, or some persons or things]. (S voce خَلَّ.) And عَمَّهُمُ المَرَضُ [The disease was, or became, common, or general, or universal, among them]. (The Lexicons passim.) A2: عَمَّ also signifies He, or it, made long, or tall: b2: and He, or it, was, or became, long, or tall. (IAar, TA.) A3: [And He became a paternal uncle (صَارَ عَمًّا).] One says, مَا كُنْتُ عَمًّا وَلَقَدْ عَمِمْتُ [I was not a paternal uncle, and now I have become a paternal uncle]: (so in my copies of the S:) or مَا كُنْتَ عَمًّا وَلَقَدْ عَمِمْتَ or عَمَمْتَ [Thou wast not &c.]: (so accord. to different copies of the K: the former accord. to the TK [agreeably with my copies of the S; and this I believe to be the right reading, or at least preferable; like أَمِمْتُ]:) inf. n. عُمُومَةٌ; (S, Msb, K;) like خُؤُولَةٌ [and أُمُومَةٌ] and أُبُوَّةٌ. (TA.) And بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَ فُلَانٍ عُمُومَةٌ [Between me and such a one is a relationship of paternal uncle]. (S.) A4: عُمَّ: see the next paragraph.2 تَعْمِيمٌ The making a thing to be common, general, or universal; the generalizing it; contr. of تَخْصِيصٌ. (K in art. خص.) A2: عَمَّمْتُهُ I attired him with the عِمَامَة [or turban]. (S.) And عُمِّمَ رَأْسُهُ His head was wound round with the عِمَامَة [or turban]; as also ↓ عُمَّ. (K.) b2: And [hence,] عُمِّمَ (tropical:) He was made a chief or lord [over others]: (S, Msb, K, TA:) because the turbans (العَمَائِم) are the crowns of the Arabs: (S, TA:) and when they made a man a chief or lord, they attired him with a red turban. (TA.) [Hence likewise,] one says also, عَمَّمْنَاكَ أَمْرَنَا, meaning (assumed tropical:) We have made thee to take upon thyself the management of our affair, or state, or case. (TA.) b3: And عَمَّمْتُهُ سَيْفًا [I attired him with a sword; like كَسَوْتُهُ سَيْفًا]. (TA in art. غشو.) b4: And عَمَّمَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ (assumed tropical:) [He cut, or wounded, him, or it (i. e. his head), in the place of the turban, with the sword]: like عَصَّبَهُ بِهِ, (A and TA in art. عصب,) and ضَمَدَهُ. (A and L in art. ضمد.) b5: And عَمَّمَ اللَّبَنُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَعْمِيمٌ, (K,) (tropical:) The milk frothed: as though its froth were likened to the عِمَامَة [or turban]; (S, TA;) as also ↓ اِعْتَمَّ. (K.) 4 أُعِمَّ and أَعَمَّ, in the pass. and act. forms, [He had many paternal uncles: (see مُعَمٌّ:) or] he had generous paternal uncles. (Msb.) 5 تَعَمَّمْتُهُ I called him a paternal uncle: (Az, S, Z:) or تَعَمَّمَتْهُ, said of women, they called him a paternal uncle. (K.) b2: تعمّم عَمًّا: see 10.

A2: See also the next paragraph, in five places.8 اعتمّ and ↓ تعمّم and ↓ استعمّ, (K,) or اعتمّ بِالعِمَامَةِ and بِهَا ↓ تعمّم, (S,) He attired himself with the turban: (S, K:) and ↓ تعمّم is also expl. as meaning he attired himself with the helmet: or, with the garments of war. (TA.) b2: And [hence] one says, اِعْتَمَّتِ الآكَامُ بِالنَّبَاتِ and ↓ تَعَمَّمَت (assumed tropical:) [The hills became crowned with plants, or herbage]. (TA.) And بِهَا رُؤُوسُ الجِبَالِ ↓ تَعَمَّمَتْ (assumed tropical:) [The heads of the mountains became crowned with its light]: referring to the sun, when its light has fallen upon the heads of the mountains and become to them like the turban. (Mgh.) b3: And اعتمّ اللَّبَنُ: see 2, last sentence. b4: and اعتمّ النَّبتُ (tropical:) The plant, or herbage, became of its full height, and blossomed, syn. اِكْتَهَلَ, (S, K, TA,) and طَالَ; and became luxuriant, or abundant and dense: (TA:) like اغتمّ. (TA in art. غم.) b5: And اعتمّ الشَّابُّ (assumed tropical:) The youth, or young man, became tall. (S.) b6: And اعتمّ is said of a beast of the bovine kind as meaning (assumed tropical:) He had all his teeth grown. (As, TA. [See عَمَمٌ and عَضْبٌ.]) 10 اِسْتَعْمَمْتُهُ, (K,) or اِسْتَعْمَمْتُهُ عَمًّا, (S,) I took him, or adopted him, as a paternal uncle: (S, K:) and عَمًّا ↓ تَعَمَّمَ He took, or adopted, a paternal uncle. (TA in art. خول.) A2: See also 8, first sentence. R. Q. 1 عَمْعَمَ (inf. n. عَمْعَمَةٌ, TK) He had a numerous army, or military force, after paucity [thereof]. (K.) عَمَ, for عَمَا, which is for أَمَا: see this last, in art. اما.

عِمْ صَبَاحًا, and عِمُوا صَبَاحًا: see art. صبح.

عَمٌّ A company of men: (S:) or, as some say, of a tribe: (TA:) or a numerous company; as also ↓ أَعَمٌّ; (K;) this latter mentioned by AAF, on the authority of Az, and said by him to be the only instance of a word of the measure أَفْعَل denoting a plurality, unless it be a [coll.] gen. n., like أَرُوَى; and he cites as an ex. the phrase بَيْنَ الأَعَمّ, occurring in a verse; but Fr is related to have read بين الأَعُمِّ, with damm to the ع, making it pl. of عَمٌّ, like as أَضْبٌّ is of ضَبٌّ. (TA.) A2: A paternal uncle; a father's brother: (S, K:) pl. أَعْمَامٌ (S, Msb, K) and عُمُومٌ (TA) and عُمُومَةٌ (Sb, S, K) and أَعِمَّةٌ (CK) and أَعُمٌّ, (K,) a pl. of pauc., mentioned by Fr and IAar, (TA,) and pl. pl. أَعْمُمُونَ, (K, TA,) without idghám, by rule أَعُمُّونَ: (TA:) the female is termed ↓ عَمَّةٌ [i. e. a paternal aunt; a father's sister]: (K:) and the pl. of this is عَمَّاتٌ. (Msb.) One says, يَا ابْنَ عَمِّى and يا ابن عَمِّ (S, L) and يا ابن عَمَّ (L) and يا ابن عَمِ, (S, L, [but in one copy of the S I find the first three and not the last,]) the last without teshdeed, (L,) dial. vars. [all meaning O son of my paternal uncle]: (S, L:) and Abu-n-Nejm uses the expression يَا ابْنَةَ عَمَّا [O daughter of my paternal uncle], meaning عَمَّاهْ, with the ه of lamentation. (S.) And one says, هُمَا ابْنَا عَمٍّ [meaning Each of them two is a son of a paternal uncle of the other]; (S, IB, Msb, K;) because each of them says to the other, يَا ابْنَ عَمِّى; (IB;) and in like manner, ابْنَا خَالَةٍ; (S, IB, Msb, K;) because each of them says to the other, يَا ابْنَ جَالَتِى: (IB:) but one may not say, ↓ هُمَا ابْنَا عَمَّةٍ, nor ابْنَا خَالٍ; (S, IB, Msb, K;) because one of them says to the other, يَا ابْنَ خَالِى, but the latter says to the former, يَا ابْنَ عَمَّتِى. (IB.) And [عَمٌّ signifies also A paternal great uncle, &c.: therefore] one says, هُمَا ابْنَا عَمٍّ

لَحًّا [They two are cousins on the father's side, closely related]; and in like manner, ابْنَا خَالَةٍ

لَحًّا: but not لَحًّا ↓ ابْنَا عَمَّةٍ, nor ابْنَا خَالٍ لَحًّا: (TA:) and هُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ ظَهْرًا i. e. [He is his cousin on the father's side,] distantly related. (As, in A and O and TA, art. ظهر.) b2: It is said in a trad., النَّخْلَةَ ↓ أَكْرِمُوا عَمَّتَكُمُ [Honour ye your paternal aunt the palm-tree]: i. e. [do ye so] because it was created of the redundant portion of the earth, or clay, of Adam. (TA.) b3: And عَمٌّ signifies also Tall palm-trees, (K, TA,) of full tallness and abundance and density; (TA;) and ↓ عُمٌّ signifies the same: (K, TA:) [or so نَخْلُ عَمٌّ and عُمٌّ, which is perhaps meant in the K: for] عُمٌّ is an epithet applied to palm-trees, (S, K, TA,) and is pl. of عَمِيمَةٌ [fem. of عَمِيمٌ]. (S, K.) b4: And All [herbs such as are termed]

عُشْب. (Th, K.) عَمَّ in the phrase عَمَّ يَتَسَآءَلُونَ [Respecting what do they ask one another? in the Kur lxxviii. 1] is originally عَمَّا, [for عَنْ مَا,] the ا being elided in the interrogation [after the prep. عَنْ]. (S.) عُمٌّ: see عَمٌّ, last sentence but one: A2: and see also عُمُمٌ.

عَمَّةٌ fem. of عَمٌّ: see the latter, in four places.

عِمَّةٌ A mode of attiring oneself with the turban: so in the saying, هُوَ حَسَنُ العِمَّةِ [He is comely in respect of the mode of attiring himself with the turban]. (S, K.) b2: [And it is vulgarly used as meaning A turban itself, like عِمَامَةٌ; and is used in this sense in the TA in art. علم: see عَلَمْتُ عِمَّتِى near the end of the first paragraph of that art.]

عَمَمٌ The state, or quality, of being collected together, and numerous, or abundant. (K.) b2: And Largeness, or bigness, of make, in men and in others. (K.) b3: See also عُمُمٌ.

A2: Also Complete, or without deficiency; applied to a body, and to a shoulder: (S:) or, applied to the latter, long. (TA.) [See also عَمِيمٌ.] b2: Applied to a beast of the bovine kind, Having all his teeth grown. (As, TA.) [See 8, last sentence; and see عَضْبٌ.] b3: And Any affair, or event, or case, complete [or accomplished], and common or general or universal [app. meaning commonly or generally or universally known]. (K.) b4: And quasi. pl. n. of عَامَّةٌ, q. v. (K.) b5: See also مِعَمٌّ.

عُمُمٌ Completeness of body [or bodily growth], and of wealth, and of youthful vigour, or of the period of youthfulness: so in the phrase اِسْتَوَى

عَلَى عُمُمِهِ, (S, K,) occurring in a trad. of 'Orweh Ibn-Ez-Zubeyr, on his mentioning Uheyhah Ibn-El-Juláh and the saying of his maternal uncles respecting him, كُنَّا أَهْلَ ثُمِّهِ وَرُمِّهِ حَتَّى اسْتَوَى

عَلَى عُمُمِهِ [i. e. We were the masters of the meaner and the better articles of his property until he attained to man's estate, or to his completeness of bodily growth, &c.]; (S;) [or] the meaning is, his completeness of stature and of bones and of limbs: (TA:) also pronounced with teshdeed [or idghám, i. e. ↓ عُمِّهِ], for the sake of conformity [with ثُمِّهِ and رُمِّهِ]; (S, TA;) and by some, ↓ عَمَمِهِ. (TA.) b2: It is also pl. of عَمِيمٌ [q. v.]. (S, K.) عِمَامٌ: see عِمَامَةٌ, first sentence.

عَمِيمٌ A thing complete, or without deficiency: pl. عُمُمٌ. (S. [See also عَمَمٌ.]) b2: Anything collected together, and abundant, or numerous: pl. as above. (K.) b3: Reaching to everything: applied in this sense to perfume. (Har p. 200.) b4: Tall; applied to a man, and to a plant: (TA:) and so عَمِيمَةٌ applied to a palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ); (S, K;) and to a girl, or young woman; as also ↓ عَمَّآءُ applied to both; of which last word the masc. is ↓ أَعَمُّ: (K:) or عَمِيمَةٌ applied to a woman, (S,) or to a girl, or young woman, (TA,) signifies complete, or perfect, in stature and make, (S, TA,) and tall: (TA:) pl. عُمٌّ, (K,) which is applied to palm-trees (نَخِيلٌ) as meaning tall; (S;) or, accord. to Lh, to a single palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ), and may be [thus, originally,] of the measure فُعْلٌ, or of the measure فُعُلٌ, originally عُمُمٌ: (TA:) ↓ يَعْمُومٌ, also, signifies tall, applied to a plant, or herbage: (K:) and عَمِيمَةٌ applied to a بَقَرَة [or beast of the bovine kind] signifies complete, or perfect, in make. (TA.) b5: One says also, هُوَ مِنْ عَمِيمِهِمْ, meaning صَمِيمِهِمْ [i. e. He is of the choice, best, or most excellent, of them; or of the main stock of them]. (S, K. *) A2: Also Such as is dry of [the species of barleygrass called] بُهْمَى. (S, K.) عِمَامَةٌ [A turban;] the thing that one winds upon the head: (K:) pl. عمَائِمُ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ عِمَامٌ, (Lh, K,) the latter either a broken pl. of عِمَامَةٌ or [a coll. gen. n., i. e.,] these two words are of the class of طَلْحٌ and طَلْحَةٌ. (TA.) [On the old Arab mode of disposing the turban, see خِمَارٌ.] The عَمَائِم were the crowns of the Arabs. (S, Msb.) أَرْخَى عِمَامَتَهُ [lit. He slackened, or loosened, his turban,] means (assumed tropical:) he became, or felt, in a state of security, or safety, and at ease, or in easy circumstances; (K, TA;) because a man does not slacken, or loosen, his turban but in easy circumstances. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) The مِغْفَر [q. v.]: and (tropical:) the helmet: (K, TA:) by some erroneously written with fet-h [to the first letter]. (MF.) b3: And Pieces of wood bound together, upon which one embarks on the sea, and upon which one crosses a river; as also ↓ عَامَّةٌ; or this is correctly عَامَةٌ, without teshdeed; (K, TA;) and thus it is rightly mentioned by IAar. (TA.) عَمَوِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, a paternal uncle;] rel. n. of عَمٌّ; as though formed from عَمًى, or عَمًا. (S.) عَمَّا is for عَنْ مَا when not interrogative.]

عُمِّىٌّ, like قُمِّىٌّ, (K, TA,) with damm, but in the M عم, (TA, [in which this word is thus doubtfully written, and has been altered, perhaps from عَمِّىٌّ, for قُمِّىٌّ is a word which I do not find in any case other than this, and if any word of the measure فُعْلِىٌّ were meant, أُمِّىٌّ would be a much better instance of similarity of form,]) an epithet applied to a man, i. q. عَامٌّ [app. meaning Of the common sort; like عَامِّىٌّ]: (K, TA:) and قُصْرِىٌّ or قَصْرِىٌّ, (accord. to different copies of the K,) in the M قَصْرى, (TA, [there thus written, only with a fet-hah to the ق and the sign of quiescence to the ص,]) signifies [the contr., i. e.] خَاصٌّ. (K, TA.) عُمِّيَّةٌ, (S, K,) like عُبِّيَّةٌ, (S,) and عِمِّيَّةٌ, (K,) [like عِبِّيَّةٌ,] Pride, or haughtiness. (S, K.) عَمَاعِمُ [a pl. of which no sing. is mentioned] Companies of men in a scattered, or dispersed, state. (S, K.) عَامٌّ part. n. of عَمَّ; applied to rain &c. [as meaning Common, or general, or universal; or generally, or universally, comprehensive: &c.: see 1, first sentence: contr. of خَاصٌّ]. (Msb.) b2: See also العَامَّةُ. b3: Also [A general word; i. e.] a word applied by a single application to many things, not restricted, including everything to which it is applicable: the words “ by a single application ” exclude the homonym, because this is by several applications; and the saying “ to many things ” excludes what is not applied to many things, as زَيْدٌ, and عَمْرٌو: and the words “ not restricted ” exclude the nouns of number, for المِائِةُ, for instance, is applied by a single application to many things and includes everything to which it is applicable, but the many things are restricted: and the words “ including everything to which it is applicable ” exclude the indeterminate plural, as in the phrase رَأَيْتُ رِجَالًا, all men not being seen: and the word is either عامّ by its form and its meaning, as الرِّجَالُ, or عامّ by its meaning only, as الرَّهْطُ and القَوْمُ. (KT. [The word in this sense is often used in the lexicons, but is expl. in few of them, as being conventional and post-classical.]) العَامَّةُ is the contr. of الخَاصَّةُ [i. e. the former signifies The commonalty, or generality of people; the people in common or in general; the common people; the common sort; or the vulgar]: (S, Msb, K:) the ة is a corroborative: (Msb:) and ↓ المَعَمَّةُ signifies the same as العَامَّةُ: (IAar, TA voce سَامٌّ:) the pl. of عَامَّةٌ is عَوَامُّ, (Msb,) and ↓ عَمَمٌ is quasi-pl. n. of عَامَّةٌ as contr. of خَاصَّةٌ. (K.) [And one says also ↓ الخَاصُّ وَالعَامُّ as well as الخَاصَّةُ وَالعَامَّةُ, meaning The distinguished and the common people; the persons of distinction and the vulgar. b2: عَامَّةً means In common, or commonly, in general, or generally; and universally. And one says, جَاؤُوا عَامَّةً meaning They came generally, or universally.] عَامَّةُ الشَّهْرِ means The greater part of the month. (TA in art. جذب.) And عَامَّةُ النَّهَارِ means The whole of the day. (TA in art. ادم.) b3: And العَامَّةُ signifies also General, or universal, drought. (TA.) b4: And The resurrection: because [it is believed that all beings living on the earth immediately before it shall die, so that] it will occasion universal [previous] death to mankind. (TA.) A2: See also عِمَامَةٌ.

عَامِّىٌّ Of, or relating to, the عَامَّة [or common people; common; or vulgar; often applied to a word, or phrase]. (Msb.) أَعَمُّ [More, and most, common or general: applied to a word, more, and most, general in signification].

A2: As a simple epithet, with its fem.

عَمَّآءُ: see عَمِيمٌ. b2: Also, the former, Thick (K, TA) and complete [or of full size]; applied in this sense to the middle of a she-camel, in a verse of El-Museiyab Ibn-'Alas. (TA.) A3: See also عَمٌّ, first sentence.

مُعَمٌّ مُخْوَلٌ Having generous, (T, L,) or having many and generous, (S,) paternal and maternal uncles; (T, S, L;) and both are sometimes pronounced with kesr [to the ع of the former and to the و of the latter, i. e. مُخْوِلٌ ↓ مُعِمٌّ: see مُخْوَلٌ in its proper art.]: (S:) or مُعَمٌّ and ↓ مِعَمٌّ, with damm to the [initial] م and with kesr to the same, [but the latter is app. a mistake, occasioned by a misunderstanding of what is said in the S,] signify having many paternal uncles: or having generous paternal uncles. (K.) مُعِمٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مِعَمٌّ, with kesr to the first letter, (K, TA, [in the CK, مِعَمُّ خَيْرِ بكَسْرِ اَوَّلِهِ is erroneously put for مِعَمٌّ بِكَسْرِ أَوَّلِهِ خَيّرٌ,]) One who is good, or very good, (K, TA,) who includes mankind in common, in general, or universally, within the compass of his goodness, (Kr, T, K, TA,) and his superabundant bounty; (T, TA;) and ↓ عَمَمٌ signifies the same: (K:) [see also an ex. and explanation voce مِثَمٌّ, in art. ثم:] مِعَمٌّ is almost the only instance of an epithet of the measure مِفْعَلٌ from a verb of the measure فَعَلَ, except مِلَمٌّ [and مِثَمٌّ, with both of which it is coupled]. (TA.) b2: See also مُعَمٌّ.

المَعَمَّةُ: see العَامَّةُ, first sentence.

مُعَمَّمٌ [Attired with a turban. b2: And hence, (assumed tropical:) Made a chief or lord over others; or] a chief, or lord, who is invested with the office of ordering the affairs of a people and to whom the commonalty have recourse. (TA.) b3: Applied to a horse, (S, K,) and other than a horse, (so in a copy of the S,) (assumed tropical:) White in the ears and the place of growth of the forelock and what is around this, exclusively of other parts: (S:) or white in the هَامَة [or upper part of the head], exclusively of the neck: or white in the forelock so that the whiteness extends to the place of its growth. (K.) And شَاةٌ مُعَمَّمَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A sheep, or goat, having a whiteness in the هَامَة. (S.) رَوْضَةٌ مُعْتَمَّةٌ (tropical:) [A meadow] having abundant and tall herbage. (TA.) يَعْمُومٌ: see عَمِيمٌ.

عب

1 عَبَّ, aor. ـُ (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) inf. n. عَبٌّ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) He (a man, Msb) drank water without taking breath: (O, Msb, TA; and T in art. عنث: [this is the sense in which it is generally used:]) or he drank water without sipping or sucking in (مِنْ غَيْرِ مَصٍّ): (S, O:) thus, (S, O, Msb,) in the manner termed عَبٌّ, (S, O,) i. e. مِنْ غَيْرِ مَصٍّ, (Msb,) the pigeon drinks water, like horses and similar beasts; (S, O, Msb;) whereas other birds take it sip after sip: (Msb:) or he drank water at once, without interrupting the swallowing: AA says, the pigeon drinks thus; differing from the other birds; for these drink by little and little: (Mgh:) [in like manner also] Esh-Sháfi'ee says, the pigeon is a bird that drinks in the manner termed عَبٌّ, and cooes; for it does not drink like other birds, by little and little: (TA:) and it is said in a trad. that the livercomplaint (الكُبَاد) is occasioned by drinking in the manner termed عَبٌّ: (S, O, TA:) or عَبٌّ signifies [simply] the drinking water: or the gulping, or swallowing down: or the doing so uninterruptedly: (K, TA:) or the drinking water in a single stream, without interruption: (TA:) and the drinking with the mouth from a place, or vessel, containing water, not with the hands nor with a vessel: (K, TA:) you say, عَبَّ فِى المَآءِ, and فِى الإِنَآءِ, he so drank of the water, and from the vessel: and [accord. to some] one says of a bird, عَبَّ; not شَرِبَ: (TA:) [but] Es-Sarakustee says, one does not say of a bird شَرِبَ المَآءَ, but حَسَاهُ. (Msb in art. شرب.) b2: يَعُبُّ فِيهِ مِيزَابَانِ, in a trad. respecting the حَوْض [i. e. Mohammad's pool], as some relate it, means [Two spouts] were pouring forth into it with an uninterrupted pouring: but accord. to the relation commonly known, the verb is يغتّ, [i. e. يَغُتُّ in this sense, but يَغِتُّ in another sense, as meaning the making a murmuring sound,] with غ and ت. (TA.) b3: عَبَّتِ الدَّلْوُ, (K,) [aor., app. تَعِبُّ,] inf. n. عَبٌّ, (TK,) The bucket made a sound in lading out the water. (K.) b4: And عَبَّ البَحْرُ, inf. n. عُبَابٌ, The sea rose high, with multitudinous waves. (A.) [Accord. to Golius, عَبَّ said of the sea means It had broken waves: but for this he has named no authority.] b5: And [hence,] ↓ عَبَّ عُبَابُهُ (tropical:) His speech was continual and abundant. (A.) b6: عَبَبٌ [an inf. n., of which the verb, accord. to general analogy, is app. عَبَّ, first Pers\. عَبِبْتُ, aor. ـَ means [The interrupting in swallowing; or] the interrupting the swallowing. (TA.) A2: عَبَّ, [aor., app., عَبِّ,] said of a plant, It became tall. (S.) b2: And [said of a man] His face became beautiful, or comely, after having become altered. (TA.) 5 تعبّب العَبِيبَةَ He drank the عَبِيبَة [q. v.]. (L, TA.) b2: And تعبّب النَّبِيذَ He persevered, or persisted, in drinking the [beverage called] نَبِيذ. (Lh, K.) And He swallowed in consecutive portions the نَبِيذ, (A, TA,) and in large quantity. (A.) R. Q. 1 عَبْعَبَ He was put to flight. (O, K.) R. Q. 2 تَعَبْعَبْتُهُ I took it, or devoured it, altogether. (O, K.) عَبُ الشَّمْسِ: see the next paragraph.

A2: عَبْ عَبْ is said when one orders another to conceal himself. (IAar, TA.) عَبُّ الشَّمْسِ, (O, K, TA,) as some say, (TA,) and الشَّمْسِ ↓ عَبُ, (O, K, TA,) which is the form commonly known and obtaining, (TA,) The light of the sun: (O, K, TA:) or the light of the dawn. (Az, TA.) By عَبْشَمْس as a proper name, is meant عَبْدُ شَمْسٍ: ISh says, among Saad are بَنُو عَبِ الشَّمْسِ; and among Kureysh, بَنُو عَبْدِ الشَّمْسِ. (TA.) [See also عَبْءٌ.]

A2: عَبُّ قُرٍّ is for حَبُّ قُرٍّ, meaning Hail. (K in art. حبقر.) عُبٌّ i. q. رُدْنٌ, (O, K,) which means The base (أَصْل) of the sleeve: (S and K in art. ردن:) or the fore part of the sleeve of the shirt: (M in that art.:) or the lower part thereof: (M in that art., and Har pp. 149 and 390:) or the sleeve altogether: (M in that art.:) but, as MF says, it is a vulgar word. (TA.) عُبَبٌ The berries (حَبّ) of the كَاكَنَج or كَاكَنْج [thus differently written, from the Pers\.

كَاكْنَجْ], (K,) which, accord. to more than one of the leading authorities, is a tree, but is expl. by the author of the K [in its proper art.] as meaning a gum: (TA:) [what is here meant by it is the physalis alkekengi, or common wintercherry: accord. to Forskål (Flora Aegypt. Arab p. cvi.) the name عُبَب is applied to the physalis somnifera: and also (pp. cxxi. and cxxii. and 163) to the croton lobatum and croton villosum:] or it is applied by the physicians to the [plant itself called] كاكنج: (O:) or i. q. عِنَبُ الثَّعْلَبِ; (IAar, O, K;) which is said by Ibn-Habeeb to be an incorrect appellation, (O, TA,) being correctly عُبَب, but AM denies that the former is incorrect: (TA:) or i. q. رَآءٌ; (K;) i. e. the tree called رَآء: (TA:) or a tree, or plant, (شَجَرَةٌ,) of the [kind called] أَغْلَاث: (K:) AHn says, on the authority of Aboo-Ziyád, it is of the أَغْلَاث, and is a tree, or plant, (شَجَرَةٌ,) resembling the حَرْمَل [peganum harmala of Linn.], except that it is taller, coming forth in the form of strings, and having pods (سِنَفَة) like those of the حَرْمَل, and sometimes the goats nibble from its leaves and from its pods when they dry up; it has also berries, intensely red, like beads of carnelian, smaller than the نَبِق [or fruit of the lote tree], and larger than the grape; and people seek out the leaves thereof that have not been rendered foraminous, which leaves are then bruised, and used beneficially as a dressing for maladies attended with pain: the people assert that the jinn, or genii, perforate them in envy of mankind. (O.) عُبُبٌ Waters pouring forth copiously. (IAar, O, K.) [It may be a pl. of عُبَابٌ (as Golius says), like as قُرُدٌ is of قُرَادٌ.]

عَبَابِ [a quasi-inf. n., of the class of فَجَارِ and حَمَادِ, indecl.]. لَا عَبَابِ [app. as used in the prov. here following] means لَا تَعُبُّ فِى المَآءِ. (S. [Thus in one of my copies of the S: in the other copy the explanation is written لَا تَعُبُّ فى

الماء, as though عَبَابِ were an imperative verbal noun: and so in the O, in which the phrase is written لَا عَبَابَ: but بَعُبَّ I think a mistranscription.]) The saying إِذَا أَصَابَتِ الظِّبَآءُ المَآءَ فَلَا عَبَابِ وَإِنْ لَمْ تُصِبْهُ فَلَا أَبَابِ means When the gazelles find water, they do not drink in the manner termed عَبٌّ; and when they do not find it, they do not prepare to seek it and to drink it: (K, TA; and thus (عَبَابِ and أَبَابِ) accord. to the Mz, 40th نوع: but in the CK عَبابَ and اَبابَ:) it is a prov., frequently used by the Arabs in an abridged manner, لا عباب ولا اباب, as in the works of Meyd and others; (TA;) and is applied to a man who turns from a thing, not needing it. (Meyd.) عُبَابٌ The main body of a torrent, or flow of water: and the height and abundance thereof: (O, K:) or the waves, billows, or surges, thereof: (K:) and the first portion (O, K) thereof (O) or of a thing: (K:) and the first and main portion of water: and the vehemence of running thereof. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] عَبَّ عُبَابُهُ: see 1, near the end. b3: It is said in a trad., إِنَّا حَىٌّ مِنْ مَذْحِجٍ عُبَابُ شَرَفِهَا وَلُبَابُ سَلَفِهَا, meaning (assumed tropical:) [Verily we are a tribe sprung from Medh-hij, the chief of their nobility, or nobles, and the purest, or best, issue] of their ancestry, or [the purest, or best, inheritors] of their ancestral might and glory. (TA: only سَلَفِهَا in this saying being there explained.) and in a trad. of 'Alee, relating to Aboo-Bekr, طِرْتَ بِعُبَابِهَا وفُزْتَ بِحَبَابِهَا, expl. voce حَبَابٌ. (TA.) And one says, جَاؤُوا بِعُبَابِهِمْ (assumed tropical:) They came [with their whole company, or] all together. (TA.) A2: Also A خُوصَة [or leaf of a palm-tree &c.]. (K.) عَبِيبَةٌ A certain food, (K,) or sort of food, (TA,) and a beverage, (K, TA,) obtained (TA) from the [species of mimosa called] عُرْفُط, of sweet flavour: (K, TA:) or the exudation [or matter exuded in the form of drops] of gum; (عرقُ الصَّمْغِ; [written in the TA without any syll. signs; in the CK عِرْقُ الصَّمْغِ, and so in my MS. copy of the K; but in the latter, the former word has been altered, app. from عَرَقُ, which is evidently the right reading;]) it is of sweet flavour, and is beaten with [the implement called] a مِجْدَح until it becomes thoroughly fit for use (حَتَّى يَنْضَجَ), [app., from what here follows, over a fire,] and is then drunk: (TA:) or what drops, or distils, of the exudations (مَغَافِير) of the عُرْفُط: or عَبِيبَةُ اللَّثَى, accord. to ISk, is the infusion (غُسَالَة) of لَثًى; (S, TA;) لَثًى being a substance which the [plant called] ثُمَام exudes, of sweet flavour; what falls thereof upon the ground is taken, and put into a garment, or piece of cloth, and water is poured upon it, and when it flows from the garment, or piece of cloth, it is drunk, in a sweet state, and sometimes it is made thick; (S;) or لَثًى is a substance which the ثُمَام exudes, sweet like نَاطِف [q. v.]; and when any of it flows upon the ground, it is taken, and put into a vessel, or sometimes it is poured upon water, and then drunk, in a sweet state, and sometimes it is made thick: (TA:) [or عَبِيبَةُ اللَّثَى is a decoction of the matter exuded by a species of ثُمَام; for] AM says, I have seen, in the desert, a species of ثُمَام that exudes a sweet gum, which is gathered from its shoots, and eaten, and is called لَثَى الثُّمَامِ: when it has remained for some time, it is found scattered at the foot of the ثُمَام, and is taken with its dust, and put into a garment, or piece of cloth, and cleansed by water poured upon it; then it is boiled over a fire until it thickens; when it is eaten: what flows from it [or the fluid part of it] is called عَبِيبَةٌ: and تَعَبَّبْتُ عَبِيبَةً means “ I drank عَبِيبَة. ” (L, TA.) It is stated in a marginal note in the L, that A'Obeyd [is related to have] said that عَبِيبَة is “ milk such as is termed رَائِب: ” but AM observes that this is a disgraceful mistake, and that A'Obeyd is related on the authority of Sh to have assigned this meaning to غَبِيبَةٌ. (TA.) b2: Also The [shrub called] رِمْث, (K, TA,) on which camels feed, (TA,) when it is in a depressed tract of land. (K, TA.) عُبَّى A woman of whom a child scarcely ever, or never, dies. (Kr, K.) عُبِّيَّةٌ and عِبِّيَّةٌ, (S, O, K, TA,) [like أُبِّيَّةٌ and عُمِّيَّةٌ and عِمِّيَّةٌ, in the CK (erroneously) without the sheddeh to the ب,] also written غُِبِّيَّةٌ, with غ, (Abu-l-Hasan 'Alee Esh-Shádhilee,) Pride; haughtiness: (S, O, K:) and glorying. (K.) One says رَجُلٌ فِيهِ عُِبِّيَّةٌ A man in whom is pride, or haughtiness. (S, O.) And عُِبِّيَّةُ الجَاهِلِيَّةِ means The pride, or haughtiness, of the people of the Time of Ignorance. (S, O.) عُبِّيَّةٌ may be of the measure فُعْلِيَّةٌ or فُعُّولَةٌ: if the former, from عُبَابُ المَآءِ, meaning “ the height of water: ” if the latter, [originally عُبُّويَةٌ,] from عَبَّاهُ, without ء, meaning “ he prepared it; ” because the proud is characterized by affectation and preparation. (O.) عَبَّابٌ [app. One that drinks in the manner termed عَبٌّ]. بَنُو العَبَّابِ is an appellation of a people of the Arabs who were thus called because they intermixed with the Persians so that their horses drank (عَبَّتْ, K, TA, i. e. شَرِبَتْ, TA) of the water of the Euphrates. (K, * TA.) عَبْعَبٌ The softness, tenderness, bloom, or flourishing freshness, of youth. (S, O, K.) b2: and Youth, or youthfulness, in its state of full growth, or maturity: (TA:) or a full-grown, or mature, youth: (O:) or i. q. شَابٌّ مُمْتَلِئٌ, (K, TA,) meaning مُمْتَلِئُ الشَّبَابِ [i. e. a youth full of the sap, or vigour, of youthfulness]. (TA.) b3: and A buck-gazelle. (S, O.) b4: عَبْعَبُ التَّصْوِيرِ meansBulky in form, big (جَلِيل) in speech. (TA. [But the addition “ big in speech ” is app. a mistake, occasioned by an omission or a transposition: see عَبْعَابٌ.]) b5: See also another meaning voce عَبْعَابٌ. b6: And العَبْعَبُ, (O, K, TA,) not a mistranscription for الغبغب, (O,) but sometimes pronounced with غ, (TA,) is the name of A certain idol, (O, K, TA,) belonging to Kudá'ah (O, TA) and those dwelling near to them. (TA.) And The place of the idol [app. of the idol above mentioned] (K, TA) is also sometimes thus called. (TA.) See also الغَبْغَبُ.

A2: Also A woollen [garment of the kind called]

كِسَآء: (S, O:) or a soft كساء, (K, TA,) thickly woven, (TA,) of soft camels' hair: (K, TA:) or a soft and thin كساء: (Lth, TA:) or a striped كساء. (TA.) b2: And A garment wide, or ample. (O, K. *) عَبْعَبَةٌ A flock, or small portion, of red [or brown] wool. (O, K.) A2: And Briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness: and insanity, or madness. (TA voce عَتْعَتَةٌ.) عَبْعَابٌ A tall man; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ عَبْعَبٌ. (O, K.) b2: And A man having an ample throat and chest. (O, K.) One says رَجُلٌ عَبْعَابٌ قَبْقَابٌ A man having an ample throat and chest, big (جَلِيل) in speech. (O.) b3: And A youth, or or young man, (TA,) or an ass, (O, [in which this application is confirmed by the citation of a verse wherein the epithet is evidently applied to a swift beast such as the wild ass,]) full-grown, and goodly in make. (O, K, TA.) عُنْبَبٌ Abundance of water. (IAar, O, K. [See also عُبَابٌ.]) The ن is said by AM [and in the O] to be augmentative. (TA.) [But it is also mentioned in the K in art. عنب.] b2: and The foremost portion of a torrent; (K in art. عنب;) as also عُنْبُبٌ. (So in some copies of the K and in the TA in that art.) A2: And A certain plant. (K.) أَعَبُّ Poor. (O, K.) b2: And Thick-nosed. (O, K.) يَعْبُوبٌ A river, or rivulet, that runs in a vehement manner: (S, A, O:) or a rivulet, or streamlet, abounding in water. (K.) b2: and hence, (A, and Har p. 68,) or from عُبَابُ المَآءِ (A, * TA) meaning “ the vehemence of the running of water,” and therefore tropical, (TA,) (tropical:) A horse that runs much (S, O, TA, and Har ubi suprà) and vehemently: (TA:) or a horse that is swift (K, TA) in his running, (TA,) and, (K,) or, as some say, (TA,) long, or tall, syn. طَوِيلٌ: (K, TA:) or a courser easy in his running: or that takes long, or wide, steps, (K,) in running, or that runs far. (K accord. to different copies.) [Golius, who writes the word يُعْبُوبٌ, gives among its significations that of A locust that leaps far or rapidly, as from the K; in a copy of which he probably found جَرَاد written by mistake for جَرَاد.] b3: It is also used as an epithet meaning Long, in the saying of Kuss, عَذْقٌ بِسَاحَةِ حَائِرٍ يَعْبُوبِ i. e. [A palm-tree bearing fruit, by the side of] a long tract depressed in the middle, with elevated borders, containing water. (TA.) b4: Also Clouds. (K.) b5: And اليَعْبُوبُ is the name of A certain idol. (O.)