علف

1 عَلَفَ الدَّابَّةَ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) aor. ـِ (O, Msb, TA,) inf. n. عَلْفٌ; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) and ↓ اعلفها, (Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. إِعْلَافٌ; (K;) He fed the beast (S, * Mgh, O, * Msb, * K) with عَلَف [i. e. fodder, or provender], (S, * Mgh, O, * Msb,) [i. e. he foddered the beast,] in the مِعْلَف [or manger]: (Mgh:) or ↓ the latter signifies he repaired to it often, putting عَلَف for it. (TA.) Fr cites the following verse: عَلَفْتُهَا تِبْنًا وَمَآءً بَارِدًا حَتَّى شَتَتْ هَمَّالَةً عَيْنَاهَا [meaning I fed her with straw, and gave her to drink cool water, so that she passed the winter with her eyes flowing abundantly with tears]: (S, O:) i. e. وَسَقَيْتُهَا مَآءً. (S.) b2: And عَلْفٌ signifies also The drinking much. (AA, O, K.) [Accord. to the TK, one says, عَلَفَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَلْفٌ, meaning He drank it much.]2 عَلَّفَ see the next paragraph, in two places.

A2: [Accord. to Golius, علّف signifies He fed well with fodder: but for this he mentions no authority.]4 أَعْلَفَ see 1, in two places.

A2: اعلف الطَّلْحُ The [trees called] طلح put forth their عُلَّف [q. v.]; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ علّف; but this is extr., for a verb of this meaning is [regularly] of the measure أَفْعَلَ only: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) accord. to AA, as AHn states in mentioning the حُبْلَة, (O, TA,) ↓ علّف, (O, K,) inf. n. تَعْلِيفٌ, (K,) signifies they scattered their blossoms, and organized and compacted their fruit [i. e. their pods with the seeds therein]; expl. by تَنَاثَرَ وَرْدُهُ وَعَقَدَ [meaning عَقَدَ الثَّمَرَ]; (O, K;) like أَحْبَلَ. (O.) 5 تعلّف He sought عَلَف [i. e. fodder, or provender,] repeatedly, or leisurely, in the places in which it was thought, or known, usually to be. (Mgh.) 8 تَعْتَلِفُ, said of a beast, (دَابَّة, O,) It eats (O, TA) [fodder, or provender, or] green herbage. (TA in art. ربع.) b2: And اُعْتُلِفَ [perhaps a mistranscription for اِعْتَلَفَ] (tropical:) He was a great eater. (TA.) 10 استعلفت الدَّابَّةُ The beast [meaning horse] sought, or demanded, عَلَف [i. e. fodder, or provender,] by neighing. (O, K.) عِلْفٌ A great eater; one who eats much; (AA, O, K;) as also ↓ مُعْتَلَفٌ [perhaps a mistranscription for ↓ مُعْتَلِفٌ, but see 8]. (TA.) A2: Also A certain tree, or plant, (شَجَرَةٌ,) of ElYemen, the leaves of which are like [those of] the grape [-vine]: they are pressed [app. in the nosebags of horses, the TA here inserting فى المخابى, for which I read فى المَخَالِى, and it is there added وَيُسَوَّى, app. as meaning and made into a flat mass,] and dried, and flesh-meat is cooked therewith instead of with vinegar; (K;) and they [i. e. the leaves] are used as a ضِمَاد [or dressing for wounds] (وَيُضَمَّدُ بِهِ). (K accord. to the TA. [But in the place of these words, the CK and my MS. copy of the K have وَبِضَمٍّ, as relating to a form of the pl. of عَلُوفَةٌ, there mentioned in the next sentence.]) عَلَفٌ is for beasts, or horses and the like; (S, O;) a word of well-known meaning; (K;) i. e. Fodder, or provender for beasts; (KL;) food of cattle, or of animals, (TA,) or of quadrupeds; (MA;) food with which the beast is fed (Mgh, Msb *) in the مِعْلَف [or manger]: (Mgh:) accord. to ISh, applied to herbs, or leguminous plants, both fresh and dry: (TA voce حَشِيشٌ:) said by ISd to be the قَضِيم [generally meaning barley] of the beast: (TA in the present art.:) [see also عَلُوفَةٌ:] pl. [of mult.] عِلَافٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and عُلُوفَةٌ (Mgh, O, K) and [of pauc.] أَعْلَافٌ. (O, K.) See also عَلَفَةٌ. b2: [Hence,] one says, هُمْ عَلَفُ السِّلَاحِ وَجَزَرُ السِّبَاعِ (assumed tropical:) [They are the provender of the weapons, and the flesh that is food of the beasts, or birds, of prey]. (TA.) عَلَفَةٌ The food, or victuals, of soldiers; as also ↓ عُلُوفَةٌ [which is a pl. of ↓ عَلَفٌ, or perhaps it is correctly ↓ عَلُوفَةٌ, which is expl. by Golius as meaning a stipend, peculiarly of a soldier]. (KL.) العَلْفَى, from عَلَفٌ, What a man assigns, on the occasion of the reaping of his barley, to a guardian [thereof] from the birds, or to a friend. (El-Hejeree, TA.) عَلِيفٌ, (K, TA,) applied to a sheep or goat (شَاة), (TA,) i. q. ↓ مَعْلُوفَةٌ [i. e. Fed with fodder, or provender; foddered]: (K, TA:) accord. to Az, applied to a ram; and having for its pl. عَلَائِفُ: and expl. by Lh as meaning tied up, and fed with fodder, or provender; not sent forth to pasture where it pleases, nor led to pasture. (TA.) [See also عَلُوفَةٌ.]

عِلَافَةٌ The seeking, and buying, and bringing, of عَلَف [i. e. fodder, or provender for beasts]. (Mgh.) عَلُوفَةٌ A sheep or goat and other animal, and sheep or goats and other animals, fed with fodder, or provender: (Mgh, Msb:) or, as also ↓ عَلِيفَةٌ, a sheep or goat (شَاة), and a she-camel, fed with fodder, or provender, and not sent forth to pasture; (S, O, K, TA;) in order that it may become fat, (TA,) by means of the fodder collected: (Az, TA:) the pl. of each is عَلَائِفُ, accord. to Lh: or the pl. of the former is عُلُفٌ and عَلَائِفُ: (TA:) accord. to Lth, they said عَلُوفَةُ الدَّوَابِّ, as though the former word were a pl.; and it is more properly to be regarded as a pl. (O.) [See also عَلِيفٌ.] b2: Also The food of the beast: pl. عُلُفٌ (K, TA) [and accord. to the CK and my MS. copy of the K عُلْفٌ also; but see what is said above, voce عِلْفٌ, respecting this latter]. [See also عَلَفٌ.] And see عَلَفَةٌ.

عُلُوفَةٌ: see عَلَفَة.

عَلِيفَةٌ: see عَلُوفَةٌ.

عِلَافِىٌّ [for رَحْلٌ عِلَافِىٌّ], (S, O,) and رِحَالٌ عِلَافِيَّةٌ, (S, O, K,) A camel's saddle, (S, O,) and camels' saddles, [of a particular sort,] so called in relation to عِلَافٌ (S, O, K) the son of حُلْوَان, (O, TA,) in the K, erroneously, طُوَار, (TA,) a man of Kudá'ah, (S, O,) because he was the first maker thereof; (O, K;) or, (K,) accord. to Lth, (O,) the largest of رِحَال in the [hinder part and the fore part which are called] آخِرَة [in the CK اَخَرَة] and وَاسِط: in a verse of Homeyd Ibn-Thowr, ↓ العُلَيْفِىّ occurs as an abbreviated dim. [of العِلَافِىّ]: (O, K:) the pl. of عِلَافِيَّةٌ is عِلَافِيَّاتٌ. (O.) العُلَيْفِىّ: see what next precedes.

عُلَّفٌ The fruit of the [trees called] طَلْح, which resembles the fresh bean, (S, O, K,) and upon which, when they come forth, the camels pasture: (S, O:) or the pods, or receptacles of the fruit, thereof: (TA:) [i. e.] the fruit of the طلح when it succeeds the بَرَمَة; resembling the [kidney-bean called]

لُوبِيَآء: (IAar, TA:) the n. un. is عُلَّفَةٌ: (S, O, K:) AHn says that this is like the great Syrian carob (خَرُّوَبَة [n. un. of خَرُّوب q. v.]), except that it is bigger, and in it are grains like lupines, of a tawny colour, upon which the cattle pasturing at their pleasure feed, but which men eat not save in case of necessity: and the like thereof in size, of the fruit of the عِضَاه, is also termed عُلَّفٌ: what is smaller than it, like the fruit of the سَلَم and of the سَمُر and of the عُرْفُط, is [properly] termed حُبْلَة: the عُلَّف are long, and expanded, or extended: (O:) [it is also said that] عُلَّفٌ signifies the fruit of the أَرَاك. (Ham p. 196.) عَلَّافٌ A seller of عَلَف [i. e. fodder, or provender for beasts]: (O, K:) and ↓ عَلَّافَةٌ [as a coll. gen. n.] signifies [sellers thereof: or] possessors of عَلَف: and seekers thereof. (Mgh.) شَيْخٌ عِلَّوْفٌ An old man very aged. (Lth, O, K.) عَلَّافَةٌ: see عَلَّافٌ. b2: Also A place in which عَلَف [i. e. fodder] is produced: like مَلَّاحَةٌ signifying “ a place in which salt is generated. ” (Mgh.) علْفُوفٌ (applied to a man, S, O) Coarse, rough, rude, or churlish, and advanced in age: (Yaa-koob, S, O, K:) and in this sense also applied to a woman: (TA:) or, thus applied, it signifies old, or aged. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA.) And An old man, fleshy, and having much hair: (K, TA: [in the CK, المُشْعَرَانِىُّ is put for الشَّعْرَانِىُّ:]) or, accord. to Az, شَيْخٌ عُلْفُوفٌ signifies an old man having much flesh and hair. (O.) And it is also expl. as signifying A man in whom is negligence. (TA.) b2: Also, applied to a horse, Generous, or high-bred, or a male, or a stallion, large, big, or bulky; syn. حِصَانٌ ضَخْمٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K. *) b3: And, applied to a goat, Having much hair. (TA.) b4: And نَاقَةٌ عُلْفُوفُ السَّنَامِ A she-camel having the hump much enveloped with fur [so I render مُلَفَّفَتُهُ (see art. لف)], as though wrapped with a كِسَآء. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) مَعْلُفٌ: see what next follows.

مِعْلَفٌ, (S, Mgh, O,) with kesr (S, Mgh) to the م; (Mgh;) or ↓ مَعْلَفٌ, like مَقْعَدٌ; (K;) [A manger; thus called in the present day; i. e.] a place of عَلَف [i. e. fodder, or provender for beasts]: (S, Mgh, O, K:) [pl. مَعَالِفُ.] b2: [Hence,] المِعْلَفُ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) or المَعْلَفُ, (K,) is the name of Certain stars, disposed in a round form, [but] separate; (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K;) also called الخِبَآءُ: (Ibn-'Abbád, O:) [the latter appellation is app. wrongly identified in the TA in art. خبى with الأَخْبِيةُ: what is here meant seems to be the group of stars called by our astronomers Præsepe; agreeably with the former appellation, and with the following statement:] in the مجسطى, [i. e.

المِجِسْطِى, (thus the Arabs term the great work of Ptolemy, which we, imitating them, commonly call “ Almagest,”)] النَّثْرَة (in Cancer) is mentioned by the name of المعلف: (Kzw, descr. of Cancer:) [but it is also said that] the Arabs thus call the seven stars that compose the constellation البَاطِيَة [i. e. Crater]. (Kzw, descr. of Crater.) b3: [Accord. to Golius, مِعْلَفٌ signifies also A bag for fodder, which, with fodder, is hung on the neck of a beast.]

مُعَلَّفَةٌ Fattened; applied to a شَاة [i. e. sheep or goat]; (Lth, O, K;) with teshdeed because of its owner's frequent and continual attention to it. (Lth, O.) مَعْلُوفَةٌ: see عَلِيفٌ.

مُعْتَلَفٌ: see عِلْفٌ.

مُعْتَلَفٌ: see عِلْفٌ. b2: المُعْتَلِفَةُ is a metaphorical appellation applied to The midwife. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.)

صد

ى1 صَدِىَ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. صَدًى, He thirsted: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) or he thirsted vehemently. (M.) A2: صَدَا, inf. n. صَدْوٌ: see 2, in two places.2 تَصْدِيَةٌ signifies The clapping with the hands; syn. تَصْفِيقٌ; (S, K;) accord. to Er-Rághib, as being like the echo (الصَّدَى), inasmuch as there is no profit in it; (TA;) or it is from الصَّدُّ, because they [who practised it in their worship] used to turn away (كَانُوا يَصُدُّونَ) from El-Islám; (K;) [see more in the second paragraph of art. صد;] and صَدْوٌ [an inf. n. of which the verb is ↓ صَدَا] signifies the same; (K;) and so ↓ تَصَدٍّ, of which AHeyth cites as an ex. the saying of Hassán صَلَاتُهُمُ التَّصَدَّى وَالمُكَآءُ [Their prayer is the clapping with the hands, and whistling: like the saying in the Kur viii. 35]: (TA:) one says of a man, صدّى, (M,) or صدّى

بِيَدَيْهِ, (TA,) meaning He clapped with his hands; (M, TA;) [said to be] originally صَدَّدَ; (M;) and بِيَدَيْهِ ↓ صَدَا, inf. n. صَدْوٌ [mentioned above], meaning the same. (TK.) A2: also مُصَدِّيَةٌ.3 صاداهُ, (K,) inf. n. مُصَادَاةٌ, (S,) He imitated him, or it; syn. عَارَضَهُ: (S, * K:) and he, or it, corresponded, and was equal, to him, or it. (TA.) In the Kur xxxviii. 1, some read صَادِ, with kesr, as an imperative from المُصَادَاةُ (Bd, TA) as meaning المُعَارَضَةُ; and hence الصَّدَى [i. e. the echo], because it imitates (يُعَارِضُ) the first sound: so that the meaning is, Imitate thou (عَارِض) the Kur-án by thy works. (Bd.) b2: [And] i. q. دَبَّرَهُ [i. e. He considered, or forecast, its issues, or results; did, performed, or executed, it with thought, or consideration; or managed, conducted, ordered, or regulated, it]; relating to an affair: (M:) [or] المُصَادَاةُ signifies the turning about, or revolving, the opinion, or idea, [that one forms] respecting the management (تَدْبِير) of a thing, and the doing of it: (Ham p. 35:) [or,] accord. to As, the minding a thing attentively, carefully, or solicitously: a man who had assisted his she-camel in her bringing forth said, بِتُّ أُصَادِيهَا طُولَ لَيْلِى [I passed all my night minding her attentively, carefully, or solicitously]; because he disliked binding her fore shank to her arm, as it would distress her; or leaving her, as she might go away at random and the wolf might devour her young one: and in like manner one says of the pastor, يُصَادِى إِبِلَهُ [He minds attentively, &c., his camels]; when they thirst before the completion of their usual period of being kept from drinking, he restricts them to journeying by night so as to arrive at water on the morrow. (TA.) b3: And He soothed, coaxed, wheedled, or cajoled, him; or deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, him; or strove, endeavoured, or desired, to do so: syn. دَارَاهُ, (S, M, K, TA,) and دَاجَاهُ, and سَاتَرَهُ, (S, K, TA,) all of which have one meaning, (TA,) [though the last implies concealing enmity,] and لَايَنَهُ. (M.) مَنْ صَادَاكَ فَقَدْ صَادَكَ [He who soothes thee, or coaxes thee, surely ensnares thee] is a saying mentioned in the A. (TA.) 4 اصدى It (a mountain) returned an echo. (S, * K.) b2: And He (a man, TA) died; (K, TA;) as though [meaning] his echo ceased; the | having a privative effect. (TA.) 5 التَّصَدِّى, accord. to Er-Rághib, signifies The corresponding to a thing like as does the echo returning from the mountain. (TA.) [But accord. to others,] تصدّى لَهُ is originally تَصَدَّدَ; (Az and L in art. صد;) and signifies تَعَرَّضَ, (S, M, K,) and تَضَرَّعَ. (M.) [See 5 in art. صد; where the usages of this verb, except in the senses mentioned and indicated here below, are fully explained.] b2: It signifies also The feigning oneself unmindful, negligent, inattentive, inadvertent, inconsiderate, or heedless, not being really so. (TA.) b3: And The diverting oneself. (TA.) b4: See also 2.

صَدًى [sometimes written صَدًا] An echo; i. e. الصَّدَى signifies what the mountain returns to him who utters a sound, or voice, or cry, therein; (K;) or the sound of the mountain and the like that responds to one; (M;) or what responds to one with the like of his voice, or cry, in the mountains &c. (S.) One says, صَمَّ صَدَاهُ (tropical:) [His echo became dumb, or may his echo become dumb]; (S, TA;) meaning he perished, or may he perish: (S and K and TA in art. صم:) and أَصَمَّ اللّٰهُ صَدَاهُ (tropical:) [May God make his echo to return no sound]; (S, K, TA;) meaning may God destroy him: (S, K, and TA in art. صم:) for when a man dies, the صدى hears not from him anything, that it should respond to him. (S. [See also another explanation of this saying in what follows.]) b2: And A sound, voice, or cry, (M, TA,) in an absolute sense. (TA.) b3: Also The part of the head, (M,) or the part of the brain, (TA,) which is the place [or seat] of hearing. (M, TA.) And therefore one says, أَصَمَّ اللّٰهُ صَدَاهُ [May God render deaf the part of his brain which is the seat of hearing]. (TA.) b4: And The brain, (M, K, TA,) itself. (TA.) And The [entire] contents (lit. the stuffing, حَشْو,) of the head; (M, K, TA;) also called the هَامَة. (TA.) One says, صَدَعَ اللّٰهُ صَدَاهُ [May God crack his brain, or the contents of his head]. (M.) b5: And A bird that cries in the هَامَة [or head] of the slain when his blood has not been avenged by retaliation: (M:) or a bird that comes forth (M, K) from his head, (مِنْ رَأْسِهِ, M,) or from the head of the slain, (K,) when he, or it, has become consumed, or decayed, (M, K,) also called the هَامَة; (M;) accord. to the assertion of the people of the Time of Ignorance; (M, K;) mentioned by A 'Obeyd; and some of them used to say that the bones of the dead became a هَامَة, which flew: pl. أَصْدَآءٌ: (TA:) and [this may be meant by the saying that it signifies] the male of the بُوم (S, M, K, TA) and هَام: pl. أَصْدَآءٌ: (M:) they used to say that when a man was slain and his blood was not avenged by retaliation, there came forth from his head a bird like the بُومَة, i. e. the هَامَة, the male being called the صدى; and it cried upon his grave, اِسْقُونِى اِسْقُونِى [Give ye me to drink, give ye me to drink, meaning, of the blood of the slayer]; and if the slayer was slain, it abstained from its crying: (TA:) and [it is said that] it signifies also the body [itself] of a human being after his death; (M, K;) or the remains of the dead in his grave, i. e. his جُثَّة [or corpse]. (JM, TA.) b6: And, (K,) accord. to El-'Adebbes, (S,) [A cricket;] a certain flying thing, that creaks by night, and hops, (S, K,) and flies, thought by the [common] people to be the جُنْدَب, but it is only the صدى, the جندب being smaller than the صدى. (S. [See also الصَّرَّارُ.]) b7: And A certain fish, black, long, (K, TA,) and bulky: n. un. صَدَاةٌ. (TA.) b8: and [A man] small, or slender, in person; (AA, M, K, TA;) and so صَدَأْ, with ء, as mentioned by Az. (TA. [See also صَدْعٌ and صَدَعٌ.]) b9: and Knowing in respect of what is conducive to the good of cattle: (K:) or صَدَى مَالٍ means thus: (M:) or gentle in the management of cattle; like

إِزَآءُ مَالٍ: so in the JM: (TA:) or, as some particularly say, of camels: (M, TA:) [i. e.] you say, إِنَّهُ لَصَدَى إِبِلٍ, meaning Verily he is knowing in respect of camels, and of what is conducive to their good. (S.) A2: Also Thirst: (S, M, K:) or vehement thirst: (M:) [see the first paragraph, in which it is mentioned as an inf. n.:] it is said that thirst does not become vehement but the brain dries, and therefore the skin of the forehead of him who dies of thirst cracks. (TA.) b2: See also the next paragraph.

A3: And The act of the مُتَصَدِّى, (M, K, TA,) i. e., [as is indicated in the M,] of him who raises his head and breast, looking towards, or regarding, a thing; and so ↓ صَدَاةٌ. (TA.) صَدٍ and ↓ صَادٍ and ↓ صَدْيَانُ (S, M, Msb, K) and ↓ صَدًى [which last is an inf. n. used as an epithet] (M) Thirsting: (S, M, Msb, K:) or thirsting vehemently: (M:) fem. [of the first]

صَدِيَةٌ (Msb) and [of the second] صَادِيَةٌ (Msb, K) and [of the third] ↓ صَدْيَا: (S, M, Msb, K:) and the pl. of صَادِيَةٌ is صَوَادٍ. (Ham p. 329.) صَدَاةٌ: see صَدًى, last sentence.

صَدْيَانُ; and its fem., صَدْيَا: see صَدٍ.

صَادٍ (fem. with ة, and pl. of the latter صَوَادٍ): see صَدٍ. b2: As pl. of صَادِيَةٌ, (M,) صَوَادٍ signifies [also] Tall palm-trees: (S, K:) and sometimes, such as drink not water: (S:) or palm-trees that drink water: [thus in a copy of the M:] and some say, such as are tall thereof, and of other trees. (M.) كَأْسٌ مُصْدَاةٌ [A cup of wine] having much water: contr. of مُعْرَقَةٌ, this meaning “ having little water. ” (M.) مِصْدَآءٌ A man who thirsts much. (M.) مُصَدِّيَةٌ The woman who faces, or decorates, (↓ تُصَدِّى, [which I thus render conjecturally, finding nothing to indicate its meaning except what here follows,]) the وِسَادَة [i. e. pillow, or cushion,] with الأَرَنْدَج, meaning black lines, upon the leather [that forms its covering]. (TA.)

فرط

1 فَرَطَ, (O, K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. فُرُوطٌ, (K,) He (a man, TA) preceded; went before; was, or became, before, beforehand, first, or foremost; had, or got, priority, or precedence; (O, K, TA;) as also فَرِطَ, aor. ـَ [inf. n. فَرَطٌ; which is therefore used as an epithet applied to one and to more;] (O, TA;) and so ↓ افترط, in the phrase افترط إِلَيْهِ فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ [He was foremost in attaining to him in this affair]. (TA.) [See مُفْتَرِطٌ.] b2: فَرَطَ القَوْمَ, (S, O, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) or ـِ (K,) inf. n. فَرْطٌ, (S,) or فُرُوطٌ, (Msb,) or both, (O,) or the former and فَرَاطَةٌ, (M, K,) He preceded, or went before, the people, or company of men, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) to the water, (S, O,) or in search of water, (Msb,) or to come to water, (M, K,) for the purpose of preparing the buckets and ropes, (Msb,) or for the purpose of putting into a right state the watering-trough (M, K) and ropes (M, O) and buckets, (M, O, K,) i. e. to prepare these for them. (TA.) [See also 5.] b3: An Arab of the desert said to El-Hasan, عَلِّمْنِى دِينًا وَسُوطًا لَا ذَاهِبًا فُرُوطًا وَلَا سَاقِطًا سُقُوطًا, meaning Teach thou me a religion of the middle sort, not passing beyond the due mean, nor falling short of it. (TA.) b4: فَرَطَ مِنْهُ It proceeded from him hastily, before reflection, or without premeditation; [as thought it preceded his judgment;] syn. بَدَرَ, and سَبَقَ, and تَقَدَّمَ. (TA.) [See 3.] Yousay, فَرَطَ مِنْهُ كَلَامٌ, aor. ـُ Speech proceeded from him hastily, before reflection, or without premeditation; syn. سَبَقَ, and تَقَدَّمَ. (Msb.) And فَرَطَ

إِلَيْهِ مِنِّى قَوْلٌ A saying proceeded to him from me hastily, before reflection, or without premeditation; syn. سَبَقَ. (S.) And in like manner you say of an evil action. (TA.) b5: فَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ He hasted to do him an evil action: (O, TA:) he acted hastily and unjustly towards him. (S, O, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [xx. 47], إِنَّا نَخَافُ أَنْ يَفْرُطَ عَلَيْنَا Verily we fear that he may act hastily and unjustly towards us: (S:) or that he may hastily do to us an evil action: (Ibn-'Arafeh, O:) or that he may hasten to punish us. (Fr, Bd, O, Jel.) [See also 4.] فَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ also signifies He did to him what was disagreeable, or hateful, or evil; he annoyed him. (TA.) And فَرَطَ, inf. n. فُرُوطٌ, He reviled. (IKtt.) You say also فَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ فِى

القَوْلِ: see 4, latter half. b6: فَرَطَ فِيهِ: see 2, near the middle. b7: فَرَطَ فِى حَوْضِهِ: see 4, last sentence but one. b8: فَرَطَتِ النَّخْلَةُ The palm-tree was left without being fecundated until its spadix became dry and hard (عَسَا, in the CK عَشا, and in the O يَعْسُو). (O, K, * TA.) b9: And فَرَطَتِ البِئْرُ The well was left until its water had collected again. (Sh, TA.) A2: فَرَطَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولَهُ: see 2. b2: فَرَطَ وُلْدًا, or وَلَدًا, and فَرَطَ وَلَدَهُ: see 4.2 فرّطهُ, inf. n. تَفْرِيطٌ, He, or it, made him to precede; to be, or become, before, beforehand, first, or foremost; to have, or get, priority, or precedence; (TA;) as also ↓ افرطهُ. (O, TA.) b2: He emboldened him, in contention, or altercation; as also ↓ افرطهُ. (TA.) فرّط إِلَيْهِ رَسُولًا, (IDrd, O, K,) inf. n. as above, (IDrd,) He sent to him a messenger (IDrd, O, K) among his particular, or special, friends; sent him forward, or in advance, to him: (IDrd, O:) or he made him his deputy in a litigation: (O:) and رَسُولًا ↓ افرط he sent a messenger specially and expressly respecting his needful affairs: (IAar, O, L, K: *) and إِلَيْهِ رَسُولَهُ ↓ فَرَطَ he sent forward, or in advance, his messenger to him, and hastened him: (K, TA: [in the CK, instead of وَأَعْجَلَهُ, we find واَرْسَلَهُ:]) but [SM says,] I do not find this last form mentioned by any of the leading authorities. (TA.) b3: فرّطهُ also signifies He sent it before, remaining behind it: or he quitted it, and sent it before: (TA:) he left it, and quitted it: (S:) he left him; (AA;) as also ↓ افرطهُ: (Ks, S:) he left him, and became behind him; as also ↓ افرطهُ: (TA:) he left him, and went before him: (S, O, K:) and ↓ افرطهُ [has a similar meaning,] he left him behind, and forgot him: (Fr:) and he forgot it, namely a thing, or an affair: (K:) فِرَاطٌ, also, [inf. n. of ↓ فارط,] signifies the act of leaving: (TA:) and فرّط عَنْهُ he left, forsook, or relinquished, him, or it; or he abstained, or desisted, from it: (TA:) and فرّط فِيهِ he neglected it; and preferred backwardness (قَدَّمَ العَجْزِ) in it, or with respect to it; and failed, or fell short, of doing what he ought, or flagged, or was remiss, with respect to it; as also فرّطهُ; (K; [but accord. to the TA, only the former of these two phrases signifies “ he failed of doing what he ought,” &c.;]) or simply he neglected it; (ISd, TA;) or he failed of doing what he ought, or flagged, or was remiss, with respect to it, and neglected it, (S, O, Msb,) so that it escaped him; (S, O;) as also فيه ↓ فَرَطَ, (S, O, K, * [in the K, the words rendered “ so that it escaped him ” are omitted,]) aor. ـُ (S, O,) inf. n. فَرْطٌ: (S, O, K:) and فرّط alone, he flagged, or was remiss; was lazy, or indolent: (TA:) its second Pers\. sing. is used in cautioning a man against a thing before him, or in commanding him to go forward, or to advance; and is intransitive. (Sb, TA.) Sakhr-el-Gheí says, ذٰلِكَ بَزِّى فَلَنْ أُفَرِّطَهُ

أَخَافُ أَنْ يُنْجِزُوا الَّذِى وَعَدُوا That is my weapon, and I will not send it before, remaining behind it: [I fear lest they perform that which they have threatened:] or I will not quit it, nor send it before: or I will not be behind it: (TA:) or I will not neglect it. (ISd, TA.) And Sá'ideh Ibn-Ju-eiyeh says, مَعَهُ سِقَآءٌ لَا يُفَرِّطُ حَمْلَهُ With him is a skin, the carrying of which he will not leave, nor quit. (S.) You say also, فَرَّطْتُكَ فِى

كَذَا وَ كَذَا I left thee in such and such [a state, &c.]: (AA, O:) and مِنَ القَوْمِ أَحَدًا ↓ أَفْرَطْتُ I did not leave, of the people, or company of men, any one. (Ks, S, O.) And فرّط فِى جَنْبِ اللّٰهِ He neglected the things of God, and did them not: (TA:) or the command of God. (O, TA.) [See also art. جنب.] And it is said in a trad., لَيْسَ فِى النَّوْمِ تَفْرِيطٌ إِنَّمَا التَّفْرِيطُ أَنْ لَا يَصْحَى حَتَّى

يَدْخُلَ وَقْتُ الأُخْرَى [There is no falling short of one's duty in sleeping: the falling short of one's duty is only the not awaking until the time of the other (prayer) commences]. (TA.) b4: Also He let him alone, or left him, for a while; or granted him a delay, or respite; [and so ↓ فارطهُ; for]

أَطَلْتُ فِرَاطَهُمْ means I long let them alone, or left them, or granted them delay or respite. (TA.) b5: You say also, فرّط اللّٰه عَنْهُ مَا يَكْرَهُ God put away, or removed, or averted, from him what he dislikes, or hates: (Kh, S, O, K:) but this expression is seldom used except in poetry. (S, O.) A2: فرّطهُ, (O, K,) inf. n. تَفْرِيطٌ, (TA,) also signifies He praised him immoderately; (O, K, TA;) like قرّظهُ: (O, TA:) Sgh has expressed, in the TS, his fear that the former may be a mistranscription for the latter; but seems to have afterwards conceded the correctness of the former, from his mention of it in the O. (TA.) 3 فَارَطَهُمْ, (S, O, * K, * in the O and K فارطهُ,) inf. n. مُفَارَطَةٌ and فِرَاطٌ, (S,) He vied, or strove, with them, to precede them; to outgo, or outstrip, them; to get before them. (S, O, * K. *) b2: تَكَلَّمَ فِرَاطًا, (S, O, Msb, K,) the latter word being an inf. n. of فارط, (TA,) He spoke hastily; without premeditation; expl. by سَبَقَتْ مِنْهُ كَلِمَةٌ; (S, O, K;) he let fall hasty, or unpremeditated, sayings or expressions; expl. by سَقَطَ مِنْهُ بَوَادِرُ. (Msb.) b3: See also 2, in two places: b4: and see 6. b5: فارطهُ also signifies He found him; syn. أَلْفَاهُ and صَادَفَهُ: (O, K, TA:) and so فالطهُ and لافطهُ. (TA.) 4 أَفْرَطَ see 2, in seven places. b2: أَفْرَطَتْ أَوْلَادًا, (S, O,) or اولادا ↓ افترطت, (TA,) said of a woman, She sent children before her [to Paradise, by their dying in infancy]; syn. قَدَّمَتْهُمْ: (S, O, TA:) and اولادا ↓ افترط, said of a man, in like manner signifies قَدَّمَهُمْ. (TA.) And you say also, ↓ فَرَطَ وَلَدَهُ He was preceded by his child to Paradise. (IKtt.) And وُلْدًا ↓ فَرَطَ, (K, TA,) or وَلَدًا, (CK,) He lost children by their dying young: (K, TA;) as though they preceded him to Paradise; (TA;) and so فَرَطًا ↓ افترط; (Msb;) and وَلَدًا ↓ افترط; which also signifies he lost a young child by death: (TA:) or the last of these phrases, (K,) or the last but one, (S, O,) signifies he lost his child, or children, (K,) or a young child, (S, O,) by death before attaining to puberty. (S, O, K.) [See اِحْتَسَبَ.] And الوَلَدُ ↓ اُفْتُرِطَ The child's death was hastened; or was made to happen early. (Th.) b3: افرطهُ He hastened him; or made him to hasten. (S, O.) And you say also, السَّحَابَةً

تُفْرِطُ المَآءَ (assumed tropical:) The cloud hastens and forwards the water in the beginning of the [autumnal rain called] وَسْمِىّ. (TA.) And افرطت السَّحَابَةُ بِالوَسْمِيِّ (tropical:) The cloud hastened with the [rain called] وَسْمِىّ. (S, O, and the like is said in the K.) And افرط بِيَدِهِ إِلَى سَيْفِهِ لِيَسْتَلَّهُ He put his hand hastily to his sword to draw it forth. (IAar, O, K.) And افرط [alone] He hastened with an affair. (K, * TA.) And He advanced, or went forward, before tarrying, or waiting, or pausing, فِى الأَمْرِ in the affair. (TA.) b4: افرط also [very frequently] signifies He exceeded the due bounds, or just limits; or acted extravagantly, or immoderately; (S, O, Msb, K, TA;) فِى الأَمْرِ in the affair; (S, O, TA;) and فى حُبِّهِ in loving him; and فى بُغْضِهِ in hating him; (O, TA;) and فى مَدْحِهِ in praising him: (K:) it is likewise said of anything exceeding the due bounds; [meaning it was, or became, excessive, or immoderate:] and also signifies he did more than he was commanded. (TA.) You say also, عَلَيْهِ فِى القَوْلِ ↓ فَرَطَ He exceeded the due bounds, or just limits, towards him in speech. (K, TA.) And افرط فِى القَوْلِ He talked [excessively, exceedingly, immoderately, or] much. (TA.) [And, افرط عَلَيْهِ He acted insolently, or presumptuously, towards him.] b5: Also افرط عَلَيْهِ He loaded him (namely a camel, IKtt) with that which he was unable to bear. (IKtt, K.) And افرط He filled (S, O, K) a مَزَادَة (S) or a قِرْبَة (O) so that he made the water to flow: (O, K:) or a watering-trough or vessel (TA) so that it overflowed: (K, TA:) and فِى حَوْضِهِ ↓ فَرَطَ, (O, TA,) aor. ـُ (O,) inf. n. فَرْطٌ, (TA,) he filled his watering-trough: (O, TA:) or poured much water into it. (TA.) b6: And افرط النَّخْلَةَ He left the palm-tree without fecundation until its spadix became dry and hard. (O, L, K. [See 1, near the end.]) 5 تفرّط He (a horse) outwent, or got before, other horses. (S, TA.) [See also 1.] b2: See also the next paragraph.6 تفارطوا They vied, or strove, one with another, to precede, outgo, outstrip, or get before. (S, O. *) Bishr says, [using the verb transitively,] يُنَازِعْنَ الأَعِنَّةَ مُصْعَبَاتٍ

كَمَا يَتَفَارَطُ الثَّمَدَ الحَمَامُ [They contend with the reins, being unbroken and refractory, like as the pigeons vie, one with another, in striving to get first to the scanty remains of rainwater]. (S.) b2: [Hence,] تفارط فُلَانٌ Such a one preceded, or got before, and made haste. (O, K, TA.) b3: And hence, (TA,) تَفَارَطَتْهُ الهُمُومُ, (O, K, TA,) and الأُمُورُ, (O, TA,) (assumed tropical:) Anxieties, and affairs, or events, came to him [as though] vying, one with another, to be first: (K, TA:) or befell him at an indefinite time, (O, * K, * TA,) but only at such a time. (O, TA.) You say also, ↓ فَارَطَتْهُ الهُمُومُ (assumed tropical:) Anxieties ceased not to come to him at one indefinite time after another. (TA.) b4: تفارط الشَّىْءُ The time of the thing past; as also ↓ تفرّط, which occurs in a trad., relating to a time of prayer, and meaning its time passed before its being performed: (TA:) and both of these verbs are used in the sense next following in relation to a warring, or warring and plundering, expedition. (O.) The time of the thing became postponed, or delayed, so that he who desired it did not attain it. (K.) You say, تَفَارَطَتِ الصَّلَاةُ عَنْ وَقْتِهَا The prayer became delayed after its time. (TA.) 8 إِفْتَرَطَ see 1, first sentence: b2: and see 4, in five places. b3: فُلَانٌ لَا يُفْتَرَطُ إِحْسَانُهُ وَبِرُّهُ (S, K *) Such a one's beneficence and kindness are not caught at, (لَا يُفْتَرَصُ, as in a copy of the S and in the TA,) or do not pass away, (لَا يَنْقَرِضُ, as in another copy of the S,) and (S, TA) their passing away, so that one cannot avail himself of them, is not to be feared: (S, K, TA:) a saying of one of the Arabs of the desert. (TA.) فَرْطٌ Excess; extravagance; exorbitance; an exceeding degree; an exceeding of the due bounds, or just limits. (S, O, K, * TA.) You say, إِيَّاكَ وَالفَرْطَ فِى الأَمْرِ [Avoid thou, or beware thou of, excess in the affair]. (S, O.) b2: Mastery, ascendency, prevalence, or predominance: (K, TA:) as, for instance, of eager desire, and of grief. (TA.) A2: A time, whether long or short; an indefinite time; syn. حِينٌ. (S, O, K.) You say, لَقِيتُهُ فِى الفَرْطِ بَعْدَ الفَرْطِ I met him time after time. (S, O.) And أَنَا آتِيهِ الفَرْطَ I come to him, or will come to him, at some time. (TA.) b2: It also denotes one's meeting a man, (TA,) or coming to him, (K,) after some days, (K, TA,) accord. to A 'Obeyd; (TA;) not more than fifteen days, (K,) or than fifteen nights, accord. to the same, (S, O,) nor less than three. (K.) You say, أَنَا أَلْقَاهُ فِى الفَرْطِ [I meet him, or will meet him, or shall meet him, after some days]. (TA.) [But the above-mentioned restriction does not apply when it is prefixed to a noun signifying a period of time: for] you say also, أَتَيْتُهُ فَرْطَ يَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ [app. meaning I came to him after a day or two days]. (S, O.) [It is said in the TA that, accord. to ISk, it is used in the saying آتِيكَ فَرْطَ يَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ, and that it is a day between two days; but this seems to me to be a mistake for between a day and two days: it is afterwards said in the TA that فَرْطَ يَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ means after two days; but the complete explanation should doubtless be after a day or two days.] Lebeed says, هَلِ النَّفْسُ إِلَّا مُتْعَةٌ مُسْتَعَارَةٌ تُعَارُ فَتَأْتِى رَبَّهَا فَرْطَ أَشْهُرِ [Is the soul aught but a borrowed thing to be enjoyed, which is lent, and goes to its Lord after some months?]. (S.) And an Arab said, مَضَيْتُ فَرْطَ سَاعَةٍ وَلَمْ أُومِنْ أَنْ أَنْفَلِتَ; and being asked “ What is فرط ساعة? ” he answered, “Like since thou begannest to speak: ” he meant [I went away after a little while, or a little while ago, and] by لم and what follows it, I did not feel sure of my escaping. (TA.) A3: Also A small mountain; (K;) pl., accord. to Kr, فُرُطٌ [q. v.]: (TA:) or the head of an [eminence such as is termed] أَكَمَة. (K.) b2: And the same, (K,) or ↓ فَرَطٌ, (thus as written in the O,) An erect way-mark, or thing set up for guidance to the right way: (O, K:) pl. أَفْرُطٌ and أَفْرَاطٌ: (K:) [but] it is said in the A that بَدَتْ لَنَا أَفْرَاطُ المَفَازَةِ is a tropical saying, signifying مَا اسْتَقْدَمَ مِنْ أَعْلَامِهَا [as though meaning (tropical:) The foremost of the way-marks of the desert, or waterless desert, appeared to us]. (TA.) فُرْطٌ: see فُرُطٌ, near the end.

فَرَطٌ A person who goes before, or in advance of, others, to the water, (S, Mgh, K,) or who is sent before, or in advance, to seek water, (Msb,) and who prepares for them the ropes and buckets, (S, O, Msb,) and plasters with mud [in one copy of the S and fills] the watering-troughs, and draws water for them; (S, TA;) as also ↓ فَارِطٌ; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, TA;) being of the measure فَعَلٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) like تَبَعٌ in the sense of تَابِعٌ: (S, TA:) and a number of persons who perform that office; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ فُرَّاطٌ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) pl. of فَارِطٌ: (Msb, TA:) you say رَجُلٌ فَرَطٌ and قَوْمٌ فَرَطٌ. (S, Msb.) It is said in a trad., أَنَا فَرَطُكُمْ عَلَى الحَوْضِ [I shall be your preceder to the pool of Paradise]. (S, O.) b2: See also فَارِطٌ. b3: [Hence,] (tropical:) A child [that dies] not having attained to puberty: (K, TA:) [whence the phrase اِفْتَرَطَ فَرَطًا: see 4:] pl. أَفْرَاطٌ: or فَرَطٌ is both sing. and pl. [in this sense]. (TA.) b4: Hence also, (S, Msb,) (tropical:) A reward, or recompense, prepared in advance, or beforehand: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) and a work, or an action, of the same kind. (K.) You say, of an infant that has died, (S, Msb,) اَللّٰهُمَّ اجْعَلْهُ لَنَا فَرَطًا O God, make him to be a [cause of] reward, or recompense, prepared in advance, or beforehand, for us. (S, Mgh, Msb.) b5: [Hence also,] (tropical:) Water [at which one arrives] in advance of other waters. (K, TA.) b6: [Hence also,] أَفْرَاطُ الصُّبْحِ, (S, O,) or الصَّبَاحِ, (K,) (tropical:) The annunciations, or foretokens, (K,) or the beginnings of the annunciations or foretokens, (S, O,) of the daybreak: (S, O, K:) sing. فَرَطٌ. (Lth, TA.) b7: See also فَرْطٌ, last sentence.

A2: Also Haste. (TA.) b2: See also the next paragraph.

فُرُطٌ A swift horse; (S, O, K;) one that precedes, outgoes, outstrips, or gets before, others: (S, A, O:) pl. أَفْرَاطٌ. (L, TA.) b2: A case, or an affair, in which the due bounds, or just limits, are exceeded: (S, O, K:) or neglected; (S, * TA;) as also ↓ فَرَطٌ: (TA:) or despised and neglected. (AHeyth, O, TA.) You say, كُلُّ أَمْرِ فُلَانٍ فُرُطٌ The whole of the case of such a person is one in which the due bounds, or just limits, are exceeded. (A, TA.) And it is said in the Kur [xviii. 27], وَكَانَ

أَمْرُهُ فُرُطًا, meaning, And whose case is one in which the due bounds, or just limits, are exceeded: (S, O:) or in which obedience is neglected and unheeded: (TA:) or [one of] preference of backwardness (تَقْدِيمُ العَجْزِ): (Zj:) or [one of] repentance: or, accord. to some, the meaning is that which here next follows: (O, TA:) wrongdoing; injustice; transgression: (O, K, TA:) some say also, that it means hastening, or acceleration. (TA.) A2: فُرُطٌ (S, O) and ↓ فُرْطٌ (O) An [eminence such as is termed] أَكَمَة, resembling a mountain: (S, O:) or the second, accord. to Zbd, the base (سَفْح) of a mountain: (TA:) pl. أَفْرَاطٌ (Zbd, S, O) and أَفْرُطٌ. (O.) [See also فَرْطٌ, last sentence but one.]

فَرْطَةٌ A single act of going forth; (S, O, K;) and of preceding, or going before. (S, O.) b2: [A hasty, or an unpremeditated, saying, or action: pl. فَرَطَاتٌ. (See 1 and 3.)] You say, اَللّٰهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِى فَرَطَاتِى, i. e. مَا فَرَطَ مِنِّى [meaning, O God, forgive me my hasty, or unpremeditated, sayings, or actions]: (TA:) [or my acts of hastiness, or forwardness, and transgression: for] الفَرْطَةُ فِى

الدِّينِ [unless we should in this instance read الفُرْطَة, as the Turkish translator of the K has done,] signifies hastiness, or forwardness, and transgression, in religion. (TA.) فُرْطَةٌ The act of going forth; (S, O, K; *) and of preceding, or going before. (S, O.) Hence the saying of Umm-Selemeh, to 'Áïsheh, نَهَاكِ عَنِ الفُرْطَةِ فِى البِلَادِ [He (referring to Mohammad) forbade thee from going forth into the country, or provinces]. (S, O.) And فُلَانٌ ذُو فُرْطَةٍ فِى

البِلَادِ Such a one is a person who makes many journeys. (TA.) فَرَطِىٌّ and فُرَطِىٌّ, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) but the latter is said in the Moheet to be with damm, [which most probably means that it is فُرْطِىٌّ, and it is thus written in the O,] (TA,) applied to a camel and to a man, Untractable, refractory, or stubborn; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) not rendered manageable or submissive. (TA.) فِرَاطٌ (S, O) and ↓ فُرَاطَةٌ, like ثُمَامَةٌ, or ↓ فِرَاطَةٌ, (so in the O,) Water that is for him, of the tribes, who first arrives at it; (S, O;) water that is common property among a number of tribes, and is for him who first arrives at it: (O, K:) and in like manner the latter word applied to a well. (TA.) You say, بَيْنَ بَنِى فُلَانٍ ↓ هٰذَا مآءٌ فُرَاطَةٌ وَبَنِى فُلَانٍ, meaning, [This is water between the sons of such a one and the sons of such a one, so that] whichever of them arrives at it first waters [his beasts] and the others do not throng him. (TA.) فُِرَاطَةٌ: see فِرَاطٌ, in three places.

فَارِطٌ Preceding; going before; being, or becoming, before, beforehand, first, or foremost; having, or getting, priority, or precedence: pl. فُرَّاطٌ. (TA.) b2: See the sing. and pl. voce فَرَطٌ, first sentence. b3: فُرَّاطُ القَطَا The foremost of the [birds called] قطا [meaning sand-grouse], who precede the others to the valley and the water. (S, TA.) b4: فَارِطٌ also signifies One who goes before to dig the grave: pl. as above, and also فَوَارِطُ, which latter is extr., like فَوَارِسُ, pl. of فَارِسٌ, as is said in the O. (TA.) b5: And hence, (Lth, TA,) الفَارِطَانِ, (Lth, S, O, K,) in the A ↓ الفَرَطَانِ, (TA,) (tropical:) Two stars, (Lth, S, O, K,) separate, each from the other, (Lth, S, O,) before [the stars in the tail of the Bear, app. meaning the Greater Bear, called] بَنَات نَعْش, (K,) or before the bier (سَرِير) of بنات نعش: [each] being likened to the فارط who goes before a company of men to dig the grave. (Lth, O, TA.) مُفْرَطٌ Sent before, or first, or foremost. (TA.) Hence the saying in the Kur [xvi. 64], (TA,) وَأَنَّهُمْ مُفْرَطُونَ And that they shall be sent before, or first, or foremost, to the fire [of Hell], and hastened thither; (Az, O, K, TA;) this being the primary signification: (Az, O, TA:) or forgotten (Mujáhid, Fr, O) in the fire [of Hell]: (Fr:) or neglected, or left: (TA:) or forgotten, and neglected or left, in the fire: and another reading is ↓ مُفْرِطُونَ, meaning [they are] exceeding the limits assigned to them: (O, K:) and another is ↓ مُفَرِّطُونَ, meaning [falling short of their duty] to themselves, in respect of sins. (TA.) b2: [Filled, or] full; applied to a pool of water left by a torrent. (S, TA.) مُفْرِطٌ Exceeding the due bounds, or just limits; acting extravagantly; applied to a man: excessive; applied to anything; as, for instance, tallness, and shortness. (TA.) It is said in a trad. of 'Alee, ↓ لَا تَرَى الجَاهِلَ إَلَّا مُفْرِطًا أَوْ مُفَرِّطًا Thou wilt not see the ignorant otherwise than exceeding the due bounds in what he doth or falling short of what he ought therein. (TA.) See also مُفْرَطٌ.

مُفَرِّطٌ: see مُفْرَطٌ and مُفْرِطٌ.

مَفَارِطٌ The extremities of a country or the like. (TA.) فُلَانٌ مُفْتَرِطُ السِّجَالِ إِلَى العُلَى [Such a one's emulation is foremost in attaining to eminence]; i. e. he has precedence therein: [see 1, first sentence:] (TA:) said in praise of a man. (TA in art. رنق.)

صمغ

2 صمّغهُ, inf. n. تَصْمِيغٌ, He put صَمْغ [i. e. gum] into it; (O, K;) meaning, into ink. (O.) b2: And صمّغ بِالصَّمْغِ, inf. n. as above, He compacted the hair of his head [with gum]. (Msb.) 4 اصمغت الشَّجَرَةُ The tree produced صَمْغ [i. e. gum]. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, Msb, K.) b2: Hence one says, يُصْمِغُ فُوهُ His mouth is discharging like a tree producing gum, and in like manner أُذُنَاهُ his two ears, and عَيْنَاهُ his two eyes, and أَنْفُهُ his nose. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) And اصمغ شِدْقُهُ The side of his mouth produced much spittle. (O, K.) And اصمغ الرَّجُلُ (tropical:) The man had foam coming forth upon the sides of his mouth. (Har p. 618.) And اصمغت الشَّاةُ is said of the sheep or goat when her biestings are fresh (كَانَ لِبَؤُهَا طَرِيًّا, Ibn-'Abbád, O, TA, in the K لَبَنُهَا, but the former is the right, TA) [i. e. The sheep, or goat, yielded fresh biestings] on the first occasion of her being milked. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, TA.) 10 استصمغ الصَّابَ He scarified the species of tree that produces صاب [q. v.] (S, O, K) in order that its غِرَآء [meaning mucilage] might issue, (K, TA,) i. e. (TA) in order that a certain bitter substance might issue from it, and concrete like صَبِر [i. e. aloes]: (S, O, TA:) thus expl. by Abu-I-Ghowth. (S.) A2: And استصمغ He had a صَمْغَة, i. e. a small swelling, or pustule. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) صَمْغٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and ↓ صَمَغٌ, (K,) the latter mentioned by ISd on the authority of AHn, (TA,) [Gum; i. e.] the fluid that exudes from the trees called عِضَاه and the like of these: (Msb:) it is of many sorts: (S, O:) that which is called الصَّمْغُ العَرَبِىُّ is the صَمْغ of the طَلْح, (S, O, Msb,) which is said to be the same [tree] that is called أُمُّ غَيْلَانَ: (Msb:) or the mucilage (غِرَآء) of the [tree called] قَرَظ [and more commonly سَنْط, i. e. the mimosa Nilotica, also called acacia Nilotica]; and this is what is called الصَّمْغُ العَرَبِىُّ; not the صَمْغ of the طَلْح; J [and others] having erred [in asserting it to be this]: [but] every tree also has صَمْغ: (K: [this last assertion, however, is questionable; for صَمْغ seems to signify properly gum, or juice that exudes from certain trees and concretes:]) the n. un., (Msb, TA,) or term applied to a portion thereof, (S, O,) is صَمْغَةٌ (S, O, Msb, TA) and صَمَغَةٌ: (TA:) and the pl. is صُمُوغٌ: (S, O, Msb, K:) among صُمُوغ [i. e. sorts of صَمْغ], the مُقْل [q. v.] is said to be included; but this is not known. (AHn, TA.) It is said in a prov., تَرَكْتُهُ عَلَى مِثْلِ مَقْرِفِ الصَّمْغَةِ [I left him in a condition like that of the place where the piece of gum has been pared off]: this is when one has left a person nothing; for the صمغة is plucked off from its tree until there remains not upon it what would retain one's life: (S, O:) or, as some relate it, عَلَى مِثْلِ مَقْلَعِ الصَّمْغَةِ [in a condition like that of the place where the piece of gum has been plucked off]; (O, and so Meyd;) meaning, without anything remaining to him; because, when the gum is plucked off, there remains not any trace of it. (Meyd.) And in a trad. of El-Hajjáj occurs the saying, لَأَقْلَعَنَّكَ قَلْعَ الصَّمْغَةِ [I will assuredly pluck thee away with the plucking away of the piece of gum]; meaning I will assuredly extirpate thee. (TA.) [b2: Also Resin; see عِلْكٌ.]

صِمْغٌ: see صِمَغٌ: b2: and see also الصَّامِغَانِ.

صَمَغٌ: see صَمْغٌ.

صِمَغٌ (Az, O, K) and ↓ صِمَغَةٌ, (K,) or the latter is the n. un. of the former, and in like manner صِمَخٌ and صِمَخَةٌ, the latter being the n. un., (Az, O,) or ↓ صِمْغٌ and صِمْخٌ, of which ↓ صِمْغَةٌ and صِمْخَةٌ are the ns. un., (Az, on the authority of A 'Obeyd, TA,) A dry substance which is found upon the teats (Az, Az, O, K) of a she-camel (Az, O, K) or of a ewe or she-goat, (Az, TA,) when she is milked on the occasion of her bringing forth: (Az, Az, O:) when that is rent asunder (إِذَا فُطِرَ ذٰلِكَ [in the CK قُطِرَ]), the milk is clear and sweet. (Az, O, K.) صَمْغَةٌ A small swelling, or pustule; syn. قَرْحَةٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) صِمْغَةٌ: see صِمَغٌ: b2: and see also صَمْغَان.

صِمَغَةٌ: see صِمَغٌ.

لَقِيتُ صَمْغَانَ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) and أَبَا

↓ صِمْغَةَ, (K,) I met him whose mouth and ears and eyes and nose were discharging like the tree producing gum. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) الصِّمَاغَانِ: see what next follows, in two places.

الصَّامِغَانِ, (IDrd, S, O, K,) like السَّامِغَانِ, [q. v.,] (IDrd, O,) but the former is said by Mtr to be better known, (Har p. 618,) and ↓ الصِّمَاغَانِ, (AO, O, K,) and ↓ الصِّمْغَانِ, (Lth, O, K,) The two sides of the mouth, (S, O, K,) where the lips meet [and conjoin], next the شِدْقَانِ: (O, K:) or the two places where the spittle collects in the two sides of the lip; (IAar, O, K;) called by the vulgar الصَّوَارَيْن, (O in this art.,) or الصَّوَّارَيْن, for الصِّوَارَانِ: (O and TA in art. صور:) or, as some say, [strangely,] the hinder part of the mouth. (TA.) It is said in a trad. that the ↓ صِمَاغَانِ are the two places where sit the two angels [that note and record the actions of a man]: a saying enjoining the use of the سِوَاك. (TA.) لَبَنٌ مُصْمِغٌ [app. Milk that is gummy; describing biestings not yet clear]. (TA voce صُعْرُورٌ, q. v.) b2: And شَاةٌ مُصْمِغَةٌ بِلِبَئِهَا, (O, TA,) in the copies of the K, erroneously, بِلَبَنِهَا, (TA,) A ewe, or she-goat, yielding fresh biestings on the first occasion of her being milked. (O, K, * TA.) حِبْرٌ مُصَمَّغٌ Ink made with [the addition of]

صَمْغ [or gum]: but [J says] I know not from whom I heard this. (S.)

قرب

1 قَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قُرْبٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb *) and قُرْبَةٌ and قَرَابَةٌ and قُرْبَى (Mgh, Msb) and مَقْرَبَةٌ, (Mgh,) [to which may be added some other syns. mentioned below with قُرْبٌ and قَرَابَةٌ,] It, and he, was, or became, near; (S, Mgh, O;) syn. دَنَا; (S, O;) contr. of بَعُدَ: (Mgh:) or قُرْبٌ is in place, and قُرْبَةٌ is in station, or grade, or rank, and قَرَابَةٌ and قُرْبَى are in الرَّحِم [meaning relationship, or relationship by the female side]; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) or, accord. to the T, قَرَابَةٌ is in النَّسَب [app. relationship in a general sense], and قُرْبَى is in الرَّحِم [app. as meaning relationship by the female side]: (TA:) You say, قَرُبَ مِنْهُ, (A, MA, Msb, K,) and إِلَيْهِ; (A;) and قَرِبَهُ, (S, MA, O, K,) aor. ـَ (S, K;) inf. n. (of the former verb, Msb) قُرْبٌ, (Msb, K,) or قُرْبٌ and قُرْبَةٌ &c. as above, (Msb,) or قُرْبٌ and مَقْرَبَةٌ and مَقْرُبَةٌ; (MA;) and (of the latter verb, S, MA, O) قِرْبَانٌ (S, MA, O, K) and قُرْبَانٌ; (K;) he (a man, S, O) was, or became, near to it; (S, A, MA, O, K;) syn. دَنَا: (S, A, O, K:) or the former verb means thus; but when one says لَا تَقْرَبْ كَذَا with fet-h to the ر, the meaning is, occupy not thyself with doing such a thing: (MF, TA, &c.:) or قَرِبْتُ الأَمْرَ, aor. ـَ and قَرَبْتُهُ, aor. ـُ i. e., like تَعِبَ and like قَتَلَ, inf. n. قِرْبَانٌ, signifies I did the thing, or affair; or I was, or became, near, or I approached, to it, or to doing it [or to doing something with it or to it]: an ex. of the former meaning is the saying [in the Kur xvii. 34], لَا تَقْرَبُوا الزِّنَا [Commit not ye fornication, or adultery; or, accord. to some, this is an ex. of the latter meaning]; and hence one says, قَرِبْتُ المَرْأَةَ, inf. n. قِرْبَانٌ, a metonymical phrase, meaning I compressed the woman: and an ex. of the latter meaning is the saying, لَا تَقْرَبُوا الحِمَى i. e. لَا تَدْنُوا مِنْهُ [meaning Approach not ye to doing, or to entering upon, the thing, or place, that is prohibited, or interdicted]. (Msb.) And the Arabs say, of a man, when a thing has disquieted, or disturbed, and grieved, him, أَخَذَهُ مَا قَرُبَ وَمَا بَعُدَ, as though meaning (assumed tropical:) He became, or has become, disquieted by reason of near and remote circumstances of his case: (O:) or recent and old griefs took hold upon him. (Mgh in art. قدم. [See art. بعد.]) دَنَا مِنِّى وَقَرُبَ is expl. by Zj as meaning He drew near to me and drew nearer. (T in art. دلو: see 5 in that art.) [And several other verbs belonging to this art. are syn., or nearly so, with قَرُبَ or with قَرِبَ in senses expl. above. Thus ↓ اقرب is syn. with قَرُبَ in the first of the senses expl. above, like as أَدْنَى is with دَنَا, for its inf. n.]

الإِقْرَابُ signifies الدُّبُوُّ. (TA.) ↓ اقترب, also, is syn. with قَرُبَ in the first of the senses expl. above; (MA;) [i. e.] it is syn. with دَنَا: (Msb:) or it is syn. with ↓ تقارب, (S, O, K, TA,) signifying he, or it, drew near; (TA;) thus ↓ وَاقْتَرَبَ الوَعْدُ [in the Kur xxi. 97] signifies تقارب [meaning And the fulfilment of the promise shall draw near]: (S, O, TA:) and you say, اقترب مِنِّى

[meaning He drew near to me]: (A:) it is also said that is has a more particular signification than قَرُبَ; for it denotes intensiveness in القُرْب; thus says Ibn-'Arafeh; probably meaning that it denotes labour and difficulty in the accomplishment of the act. (MF, TA.) ↓ تقرّب [likewise] is syn. with [قَرُبَ, i. e.] دَنَا, in the phrase تقرّب مِنْهُ: (O: [see قَرُبَ مِنْهُ:]) or it signifies he drew near, or approached, by little and little, (تَدَنَّى,) to a thing. (TA.) And الشَّىْءَ ↓ قارب, (ISd, TA,) or الأَمْرَ, (Msb,) [like قَرِبَهُ in many instances,] signifies He was, or became, near, or he approached, to the thing, or affair, or to doing it. (ISd, Msb, TA.) b2: قَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قُرْبٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) He formed an opinion that was near to certainty. (MF.) b3: In the phrase قَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ لِلْمَغِيبِ [meaning The sun was, or became, near to setting], like كَرَبَت, the ق is asserted by Yaakoob to be a substitute for ك. (TA.) A2: قَرَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. in. قِرَابَةٌ, He (a man) journeyed to water, there being between him and it a night's journey. (S, O.) [See also أَقْرَبَ القَوْمُ. Or,] accord. to Lth, you say, قَرَبُوا, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ [q. v.], meaning They, after pasturing their camels in the tract between them and the wateringplace, and journeying on during a part of the time until there remained between them and the water a night, or an evening, hastened in their course. (TA.) And قَرَبَ الإِبِل [in some copies of the K الإِبِلَ and in others الإِبِلُ], aor. ـُ inf. n. قِرَابَةٌ; thus in the K; but accord. to Th, قَرَبَتِ الإِبِلُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ; (TA;) i. e. The camels journeyed by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow: (K, * TA:) and [a man says, of himself,] قَرَبْتُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قِرَابَةٌ. (TA.) b2: And قَرَبْتُ المَآءَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ, so in the Fs [of Th, meaning I journeyed to the water by night in order to reach it on the following morning]. (TA.) [Or] you say, قَرَبُوا المَآءَ, meaning They sought, or sought to attain, the water. (A.) b3: And [hence] one says, فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ حَاجَتُهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one seeks, or seeks to attain, the object of his want; from the seeking, or seeking to attain, the water: and hence the saying, in a trad., وَإِنْ نَقْرُبُ بِذٰلِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ نَحْمَدَ اللّٰهَ (assumed tropical:) We not seeking thereby [aught] save our praising God: thus expl. by El-Khattábee. (Az, TA.) [Hence, also,] one says قَدْ قَرَبَ أَمْرًا لَا أَدْرِى مَا هُوَ (tropical:) [He has sought to accomplish an affair, I know not what it is]: (A, O: *) and فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ أَمْرًا لَا يَسْهُلُ لَهُ (tropical:) [Such a one seeks to accomplish an affair that will not be easy to him]. (A.) فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ أَمْرًا means (assumed tropical:) Such a one seeks, desires, or aims at, [the accomplishment of] an affair, when he does a deed, or says a saying, with that object. (T, O, TA.) A3: قَرَبَ السَّيْفَ, (S, O,) inf. n. قَرْبٌ; (K;) and ↓ اقربهُ, (O,) inf. n. إِقْرَابٌ; (K;) He put the sword into the قِرَاب [q. v.]: (S, O, K:) or the former, (accord. to the K,) or ↓ the latter, (accord. to the S and TA,) he made for the sword a قِرَاب: (S, K, TA:) or ↓ the latter has both of these significations: (O:) or the former verb is said of a sword or of a knife in the former sense; and in like manner ↓ the latter verb in the latter sense: or the former phrase signifies he made for the sword a قِرَاب; and ↓ the latter phrase, he put the sword into its قِرَاب: and one says, قِرَابًا ↓ قرّب and ↓ اقربهُ, meaning he made a قِرَاب. (TA.) A4: قَرْبٌ [as an inf. n. of which the verb is قَرَبَ] also signifies The feeding a guest with the أَقْرَاب (O, K, TA) meaning flanks [of an animal or of animals, pl. of قُرْبٌ or قُرُبٌ]. (TA.) A5: And قَرِبَ, (O, K,) with kesr to the ر, (O,) like فَرِح, (K,) [aor. ـَ inf. n. app. قَرَبٌ,] He (a man, TA) had a complaint (O, K) of his قُرْب or قُرُب, (K,) [i. e.] of his flank; (O;) as also ↓ قرّب, (O, * K, [in the former this verb is only indicated by the mention of its inf. n.,]) inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ. (O, K.) 2 قرّبهُ, inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, He made, or caused, to be, or become, near, caused to approach, or brought, or drew, near, him, or it. (S, O, Msb. *) [Hence the phrase قَرَّبَ اللّٰهُ دَارَكَ, which see in what follows.] b2: [And hence, He made him to be a near associate; he made him an object of, or took him into, favour: and (agreeably with an explanation of the pass. in the Ham p. 184) he made him, or rendered him, an object of honour.] One says, قَرَّبَهُ مِنْهُ meaning He (a king, or a governor, or prince, [or any other person who was either a superioror an equal,]) made him to be to him a قُرْبَان, i. e. [a near associate, or] a consessor, or a particular, or special, associate or companion [&c.: see قُرْبَانٌ]. (TA.) b3: قَرَّبَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ, in the Kur li. 27, means He presented it, or offered it, to them: (Jel:) or he placed it, or put it, before them. (Bd.) And one says also, قرّب خَصْمَهُ إِلَى السُّلْطَانِ [He brought, or placed, his adversary before the Sultán]. (Mgh in art. رفع.) And ↓ قرّب لِلّٰهِ قَرْبَانًا [He offered, or presented, to God, an offering, or oblation]. (S, O: in the Msb, إِلَى اللّٰهِ.) b4: حَيَّا وَقَرَّبَ, (A, O,) inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, (K,) signifies (tropical:) He said, حَيَّاكَ اللّٰهُ وَقَرَّبَ دَارَكَ [May God preserve thee alive, or prolong thy life, and make thine abode to be near]: (A, O, K:) one says thus of a host to a visitor. (TA.) b5: And التَّقْرِيبُ signifies also The denoting nearness. (Mughnee and K * voce أَوْ, and Kull pp.82 and 83 and 124.) Thus what is termed تَصْغِيرُ التَّقْرِيبِ [The diminutive denoting nearness] is such as occurs in the saying, دَارِى قُبَيْلَ المَسْجِدِ [“ My house is a little before the mosque ”]. (Kull p. 124.) b6: And The advancing an argument in such a manner as renders the desired conclusion a necessary consequence. (MF.) b7: and A certain sort of عَدْو [or running] (S, O, K) of a horse: (S, O:) one says, of a horse, قرّب, inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, (S, A, O,) meaning he raised his fore legs together and put them down together (S, O, K *) in running: (S, O:) or he ran [as though] pelting the ground [with his hoofs]: (Az, TA:) and it is also said of other animals than the horse: but not of the camel: (MF:) [one sort of] التقريب is [a rate] less than الحُضْرُ; (S, A, O;) and more than الخَبَبُ: (El-Ámidee, MF:) there are two sorts of تقريب, called أَعْلَى

[which is a gallop] and أَدْنَى [which is a canter]: (S, O:) the former is termed الثَّعْلَبِيَّةُ; and the latter, الإِرْخَآءُ. (TA.) A2: See also 1, near the end, in two places.3 قَارَبْتُهُ, inf. n. مُقَارَبَةٌ [and قِرَابٌ], I was, or became, near to him, or it; contr. of بَاعَدْتُهُ. (Msb.) See 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: One says of a vessel, (S, O, K,) قارب أَنْ يَمْتَلِئَ (S, O) or قارب الاِمْتِلَآءَ (K) [It was, or became, near to being full]: قارب [thus used] is the verb from قَرْبَانُ [q. v.], and قَرُبَ is not used in its stead. (Sb, TA.) And one says also, قارب مِلْأَهُ [It was, or became, nearly equal, or it nearly amounted, to what would fill it]. (Msb.), And قارب قَدْرَهُ [It was, or became, nearly equal, or equivalent, to its quantity, or amount; or it was, or became, nearly equivalent to it]. (K, TA.) [And hence the term أَفْعَالُ المُقَارَبَةِ The verbs of appropinquation; as كَادَ &c.] b3: قارب الخَطْوَ He made the stepping to be contracted; syn. دَانَاهُ; (Az, K, TA;) [i. e. he made short steps: made his steps to be near together;] said of a horse. (TA.) And قارب كَلَامَهُ [He made the several portions of his speech, i. e. he made his words, to be near together; so that it means he uttered his speech rapidly]. (K in art. وط; &c.) and قارب بين الكَلِمَةِ وَالكَلِمَةِ فِى التَّسْبِيحِ [He made the words to follow one another nearly, or to be near together, in the act of praise, or the like.] (M in art. دنو.) And قَارَبْتُ بَيْنَ الأَمْرَيْنِ i. q. دَانَيْتُ [I made the two affairs, or events, to be nearly uninterrupted]. (T, S, Msb, all in art. دنو.) b4: قاربهُ also signifies He thought him, or it, to be near. (Ham p. 634.) And قارب الأَمْرَ He thought the thing. (MF.) b5: And He interchanged with him good, or pleasing, speech. (O, K, TA.) b6: And قارب فِى الأَمْرِ He pursued the right, or just, or middle, course, neither exceeding it nor falling short of it, in the affair. (O, * K, * TA.) b7: And قَارَبْتُهُ فِى البَيْعِ [app. meaning, in like manner, I pursued a middle course with him in selling, or buying, with respect to the price demanded or offered, neither exceeding what was just nor falling short of it], (S, O,) inf. n. مُقَارَبَةٌ. (S.) b8: مُقَارَبَةٌ and قِرَابٌ signify also The raising the leg [or legs, of a woman,] for the purpose of جِمَاع. (K.) 4 أَقْرَبَ see 1, second quarter. b2: [Hence,] أَقْرَبَت, (S, A, O, K,) said of the pregnant, (A, TA,) or of a woman, and of a mare, and of a ewe or goat, (S, O, TA,) and also of an ass, (Lth, TA,) but [app.] not [properly] of a camel, (Lth, S, * O, * TA,) [though it is sometimes said of a camel, as in the S and O voce غَمُوس, and in the O and K in art. ك,] She was, or became, near to bringing forth. (Lth, S, A, O, K.) b3: and اقرب said of a colt, and of a young camel, (K, TA,) &c., (TA,) He was, or became, near to the age of shedding his central incisors; (K, TA;) and likewise, to that of shedding other teeth. (TA.) b4: And He nearly filled a vessel. (S, O, K.) b5: لَأُقْرِبَنَّكُمْ صَلَاةَ رَسُولِ اللّٰهِ occurs in a trad. of Aboo-Hureyreh, meaning I will indeed perform to you the like of, or what will be nearly the same as, the praying of the Apostle of God. (TA.) b6: اقرب الإِبِلَ He made the camels to journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow: (O, * K, TA:) or اقربوا إِبِلَهُمْ They, after pasturing them in the tract between them and the watering-place, and journeying on during a part of the time until there remained between them and the water a night, or an evening, hastened their camels. (Lth, TA.) b7: And اقرب القَوْمُ The people, or party, became persons whose camels were performing a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ: the part. n. is [said to be] ↓ قارب, not مُقْربٌ: (As, S, O:) the former of these is said by A'Obeyd to be anomalous: (S, O:) [but see قَرَبَ, which is expl. as having almost exactly the same meaning as that which is in this instance assigned to اقرب. And it is also mentioned in the TA, app. on the authority of AA, that the same phrase and the same anomalous part. n. are used when the people's camels are مُتَقَارِبَة (which means few, or near together): but I think that this word is a mistake of a copyist, for قَوَارِبُ: see قَارِبٌ.]

A2: See also 1, last quarter, in six places.5 تَقَرَّبَ see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: [Hence] one says to his companion, urging him, تَقَرَّبْ, meaning (tropical:) Advance thou, or come forward: (A, TA:) or تَقَرَّبْ يا رَجُلُ, meaning hasten, O man. (As, O, L, K, TA.) Only the imperative mood in this sense is said to be used. (MF, TA.) b3: And [hence, also,] تقرّب signifies He rendered himself near, or allied himself, [drew near, or ingratiated himself,] by affection and friendship. (TA, voce تَنَسَّبَ. [In this sense it is trans. by means of مِنْ.]) And He applied himself with gentleness, or courtesy, to obtain access, or nearness, to a man, by means of some act performed for that purpose, or by right. (TA. [In this sense it is trans. by means of إِلَى.]) And one says, تقرّب مِنَ اللّٰهِ [He drew near unto God] by prayer or the like, and righteous actions: and تقرّب اللّٰهُ مِنْهُ [God drew near unto him] by beneficence towards him. (TA.) And تقرِّب بِهِ إِلَى اللّٰهِ, (S, A, O, Msb, K, *) inf. n. تَقَرُّبٌ and تِقِرَّابٌ, (O, K,) the latter [of a rare form] like تِحِمَّالٌ and تِكِلَّامٌ and تِمِلَّاقٌ, (O,) He sought thereby nearness, to bring himself near, to draw near, or to approach, unto God; or to advance himself in the favour of God: (S, K, * TA:) and فَعَلَهُ تَقَرُّبًا إِلَيْهِ [He did it by way of seeking nearness, &c., to Him]. (A.) A2: تقرّب also signifies He (a man, O) put his hand upon his قُرْب (O, K, TA) i. e. his flank, (O, TA,) in walking; or, as some say, hastening, or going quickly. (TA.) 6 تقاربوا They were, or became, or drew, near, one to another: (S, * A, * Msb:) you say تقاربوا and ↓ اقتربوا [both app. signifying the same, like تخاصموا and اختصموا, and تخالطوا and اختلطوا, and تشاركوا and اشتركوا, &c.]. (A.) b2: See also 1, second quarter. b3: تقاربت إِبِلُهُ means (tropical:) His camels became few, [because drawing near together,] (A, O, K, TA,) and (as is also said of other things, TA) declined, or became reduced to a bad state. (O, * K, * TA.) b4: And [for the like reason, because of its becoming dense,] تقارب is said of seed-produce, or standing corn or the like, meaning (assumed tropical:) It became nearly ripe. (O, K, TA.) b5: And hence [accord. to some], تَقَارَبَ الزَّمَانُ (assumed tropical:) [When the time becomes contracted], occurring in a trad., expl. in art. زمن, q. v. (TA.) 8 إِقْتَرَبَ see 1, second quarter, in two places: b2: and see also 6.10 استقربهُ [contr. of استبعدهُ]. One says, هُوَ يَسْتَقْرِبُ البَعِيدَ [He reckons near that which is remote]. (A, Msb.) قُرْبٌ [mentioned in the first sentence of this art. as an inf. n.] is the contr. of بُعْدٌ: (S, O:) [used as a simple subst., it signifies Nearness, and] it is said to be [properly, or primarily,] in respect of place; [i. e. vicinity;] as distinguished from قُرْبَةٌ &c. (Msb, TA.) You say, إِنَّ قُرْبَكَ زَيْدًا [Verily Zeyd is in thy vicinity; i. e., near thee in respect of place]; but not إِنَّ بُعْدَكَ زَيْدًا; because قُرْب is more capable of being used as an adv. n. of place than بُعْد: in like manner they said also ↓ هُوَ قُرَابَتَكَ, meaning [He is in thy vicinity; i. e.,] near thee in respect of place. (Sb, TA. [See also قَرِيبٌ.]) [And بِالقُرْبِ مِنْهُ is a phrase of frequent occurrence, meaning In the vicinity of, or near in respect of place to, him, or it.] And one says, تَنَاوَلَهُ مِنْ قُرْبٍ and ↓ مِنْ قَرِيبٍ [He took it, or took it with his hand, from a near place or spot]. (A, Msb.) and رَأَيْتُهُ مِنْ قُرْبٍ [and ↓ مِنْ قَرِيبٍ I saw him, or it, from a near place or spot, or from within a short distance]. (S in art. ام; &c.) b2: It is also syn. with ↓ قَرَابٌ [signifying Nearness in respect of time] as used in the saying اِفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ بِقَرَابٍ

[i. e. Do thou that soon; like as one says, عَنْ

↓ قَرِيبٍ]: (K, TA:) accord. to the K, the word قراب in this case is like سَحَاب: but it is said in a prov., أَكْيَسُ ↓ الفِرَارُ بِقِرَابٍ, thus in the S, or, as some relate it, ↓ بِقُرَابٍ; and IB says, J has cited this prov. [next] after the قِرَاب of the sword, but should have said that القِرَابُ is also syn. with القُرْبُ, and should then have adduced the prov. as an ex. meaning The fleeing soon in eagerness of desire for safety [is more, or most, shrewd]: (TA:) [this rendering, however, requires consideration; for, accord. to Meyd, who gives only the reading بِقِرَابٍ, the meaning of the prov. is, that he who flees with the ↓ قِرَاب (by which is meant the scabbard) when the sword has passed away from his possession is more shrewd than he who causes, or suffers, the قِرَاب also to pass away from him: in Freytag's Arab Prov. ii. 210, both of these explanations are given; but قريب is there erroneously put for قُرْب.] b3: See also قَرَابَةٌ. b4: It is also a pl. of قَرِيبٌ [q. v.]. (TA in art. زلف.) A2: قُرْبٌ also, and ↓ قُرُبٌ, (S, O, K,) the former of which is the original, (TA,) signify The خَاصِرَة [or flank]: (O, K:) or [the part] from the شَاكِلَة [which is syn., or nearly so, with خَاصِرَة,] to the مَرَاقّ [or soft parts] of the belly: (S, O, K:) and likewise from the رَفْغ [generally meaning groin] to the armpit, on each side: (TA:) [properly used in relation to a horse:] sometimes metaphorically used in relation to a she-camel, and to an ass [meaning a wild ass, and also to a man: see 5, last sentence]: (TA:) pl. أَقْرَابٌ; (T, S, O, K;) which is also used in the place of the dual. (T, TA.) قَرَبٌ [mentioned in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art. as an inf. n.] is [said to be] a subst., signifying A journey to water when it is a night's journey distant: or, as As said, on the authority of an Arab of the desert, (S, O,) a journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow; (S, O, K;) and so ↓ قِرَابَةٌ [which is also mentioned as an inf. n. in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art.]; (K;) a journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the second following day being called طَلَقٌ: (S, O:) and the seeking water by night: or, when it is not more than a night's journey distant: or the first day in which one journeys to water when it is two days distant; the second day being called طَلَقٌ: (K: [but the converse seems to be the truth, being asserted by several of the highest authorities, and agreeable with the derivation of each of the two words: see طَلَقٌ:]) or the night after which, in the morning, one arrives at the water: (TA:) and لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ is the night in which people with their camels hasten to the water in a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ بَصْبَاصٌ; this latter term being applied to signify a people's letting their camels pasture while they are journeying towards water; and when there remains an evening between them and the water, hastening towards it: (S, O:) or, as is said on the authority of As, لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ is the second night after the pastor has turned the faces of his camels towards the water, and so left them to pasture; this second night being the night of hard driving; and the first night being called لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ: accord. to AA, [the journey called] القَرَبُ is [the journey to water] during three days, or more. (TA.) And [hence] القَرَبَ is used to signify What is a night's journey distant. (S in art. نوب, in explanation of a verse cited in that art. [Or, accord. to IAar, قَرَب there signifies near, so as to be visited repeatedly: or, as AA says, at such a distance as to be visited once in three days.]) [See also a saying mentioned voce حَوْزٌ.] b2: Also A well of which the water is near [to the mouth]. (O, K.) قُرُبٌ: see قُرْبٌ, last sentence.

قُرْبَةٌ an inf. n. of قَرُبَ [q. v.: and used as a simple subst. signifying Nearness]; like قُرْبٌ: or the former is in station, or grade, or rank. (Mgh, Msb.) You say, طَلَبْتُ مِنْهُ القُرْبَةَ [I sought of him nearness of station, &c.; or admission into favour]. (A.) b2: See also قَرَابَةٌ. b3: Also, (A, O, Msb,) and ↓ قُرُبَةٌ, (Msb,) A thing [such as prayer, or any righteous deed or work,] whereby one seeks nearness, to bring himself near, to draw near, or to approach, unto God; or to advance himself in the favour of God; (A, * O, Msb;) as also ↓ قُرْبَانٌ: (S, O, Msb, K:) pl. of the first and second قُرَبٌ and قُرْبَاتٌ and قُرُبَاتٌ and قُرَبَاتٌ. (Msb.) قِرْبَةٌ A kind of سِقَآء [or skin], (S, * O, * TA,) used for water: (S, O:) or a وَطْب [or skin] that is used for milk, and sometimes for water: (ISd, K:) or such as is sewed on one side: (K:) [the modern قِرْبَة, which is seldom, if ever, used for anything but water, is (if I may judge from my own observations and the accounts of others) always made of the skin of a goat about one year old or upwards: it consists of nearly the whole skin; only the skin of the head, and a small portion of that of each leg, being cut off: it has a seam extending from the upper part of the throat nearly to the belly, and sometimes a corresponding seam at the hinder part, but more commonly only a patch of leather over the fundament and navel: over the seam, or over each seam, is sewed a narrow strip of leather; and a mouth of leather is added in the place of the head: it is carried on the back, by means of a strap, or cord, &c., one end of which is generally attached to a cord connecting the two fore-legs; and the other, to the right hind leg:] the pl. (of pauc., S, O) is قِرْبَاتٌ, and قِرَبَاتٌ, and قِرِبَاتٌ, and (of mult., S, O) قِرَبٌ. (S, O, Msb, K.) فِيهِ قَرَبَةٌ and ↓ قِرَابَةٌ are said of a vessel that is nearly filled [meaning In it is a quantity that nearly fills it]. (K, TA.) [See also قِرَابٌ.]

قُرُبَةٌ: see قُرْبَةٌ: b2: and see also قَرَابَةٌ.

قُرْبَى [mentioned in the first sentence of this art. as an inf. n.: and used as a simple subst.]: see قَرَابَةٌ, in five places: and see also قَرِيبٌ, latter half.

قَرْبَانُ A vessel nearly full: fem. قُرْبَى: (S, O, K:) and pl. قِرَابٌ: (S, O:) you say قَدَحٌ قَرْبَانُ مَآءً i. e. [A drinking vessel] nearly full of water: and the ق in قربان is [said to be] sometimes changed into ك: (TA:) so accord. to Yaakoob; but ISd denies this. (TA in art. كرب.) A2: See also the paragraph here following.

قُرْبَانٌ: see قُرْبَةٌ: [it may often be rendered An offering, or oblation: and hence it sometimes means a sacrifice, as in the Kur iii. 179:] pl. قَرَابِينُ. (Msb.) قُرْبَانُهُمْ دِمَآؤُهُمْ [Their offering to God is their blood, lit. bloods,] occurs in a trad. as cited from the Book of the Law revealed to Moses, and as referring to the Arabs; meaning, they seek to bring themselves near unto God by shedding their blood in fighting in the cause of religion; whereas the قربان of preceding peoples consisted in the slaughtering of oxen or cows, and sheep or goats, and camels. (TA.) And it is said in another trad., الصَّلَاةُ قُرْبَانُ كُلِّ تَقِىٍّ [The divinely-appointed act of prayer is the offering to God of every pious person]; meaning, that whereby the pious seek to bring themselves near unto God. (TA.) b2: Also, (S, A, O, K,) and ↓ قَرْبَانٌ, (K,) but this latter is by some disapproved, (TA,) [A near associate; or] a particular, or special, (A, K,) associate or companion (A) or consessor; (K;) or a consessor; and a particular, or special, associate or companion; (S, ISd, O;) [or a familiar, or favourite;] of a king, (S, ISd, A, O, K,) or of a governor, or prince; (S, O;) [or of any person who is either a superior or an equal;] so called because of his nearness: (TA:) pl. قَرَابِينُ: (S, A, O, K:) and one says also, فُلَانٌ مِنْ قُرْبَانِ الأَمِيرِ [Such a one is of the near associates, &c., of the governor, or prince]; (S, O;) [for] قُرْبَانٌ is [said to be originally] an inf. n., and [therefore, as an epithet,] the same as sing. and dual and pl.: (so in a marginal note in one of my copies of the S:) or, in a phrase of this kind, it is a pl. of ↓ قَرِيبٌ. (A in art. بعد.) قَرَابٌ: see قُرْبٌ, former half.

قُرَابٌ: see قَرِيبٌ, last quarter, in two places: b2: and قُرْبٌ, near the middle: b3: and قِرَابٌ, former half: b4: and قُرَابَةٌ.

قِرَابٌ [an inf. n. of 3. And hence قِرَابَ as an adv. n. of time]. You say, أَتَيْتُهُ قِرَابَ العِشَآءِ I came to him near nightfall: and قِرَابَ اللَّيْلِ near night. (Lth, TA.) And 'Oweyf El-Kawáfee says, describing she-camels, (so in the TA and in one of my copies of the S,) or 'Oweyf El-Fezáree, (so in the O,) هُوَ ابْنُ مُنَضِّجَاتٍ كُنَّ قِدْمًا يَزِدْنَ عَلَى العَدِيدِ قِرَابَ شَهْرٍ (O, TA) i. e. He is the off spring of [one of the] she-camels that went beyond the usual time of bringing forth, that used formely to exceed the computed [time] near a month: J give a different reading of this verse, يَرِدْنَ عَلَى الغَدِيِر; but the correct reading is that given above. (IB, TA.) b2: See also قُرْبٌ, near the middle. b3: قِرَابُ الشَّىْءِ and ↓ قُرَابُهُ and ↓ قُرَابَتُهُ signify What is nearly the equal in quantity, or amount, or nearly the equivalent, of the thing. (K.) One says, مَعَهُ أَلْفُ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ قِرَابُهُ He has with him a thousand dirhems, or nearly the equal thereof: and مَعَهُ مِلْءُ قَدَحٍ مَآءً أَوْ قِرَابُهُ He has with him a cupful of water, or nearly the equal thereof. (Lth, TA.) And a poet says, (S,) namely, El-'Ambar, (so in the O and TA,) or Es-Sinnabr, (so in the Mz, 49th نوع,) Ibn-'Amr, Ibn-Temeem, (O, TA, *) إِلَّا تَجِئْ مَلْأَى يَجِئْ قِرَابُهَا [If a full bucket (دَلْوٌ being understood, as is indicated in the S and O and TA,) come not, what will be nearly the equal thereof will come]. (S, O, TA.) One says also, لَوْ أَنَّ لِى قِرَابَ هٰذَا ذَهَبًا i. e. [If there belonged to me] the quantity nearly sufficient for the filling of this [of gold]: and لَوْ جَآءَ بِقِرَابِ الأَرْضِ i. e. [If he brought] that which would be nearly the equal in quantity of the earth. (Msb.) And الرُّكْبَتَيْنِ ↓ المَآءُ قُرَابَةُ [The water is such as is nearly the equal in height of the two knees]. (A.) [See also قَرَبَةٌ.]

A2: Also The غِمْد [i. e. scabbard, or sheath,] of a sword, (K, TA,) or of a knife: (TA:) or the جَفْن [i. e. case, or receptacle,] of the غِمْد; (K, TA;) the جَفْن, which is a case, or receptacle, wherein is the sword together with its scabbard (بِغِمْدِهِ) and its suspensory belt or cord: (S, O, TA:) it is like a جِرَاب of leather, into which the rider, or rider upon a camel, puts his sword with its جَفْن [here meaning scabbard], and his whip, and his staff, or stick, and his utensils: (Az, TA:) or like the جِرَاب, into which one puts his sword with its scabbard (بِغِمْدِهِ), and his whip, and sometimes his travelling-provisions of dates &c.: (IAth, TA:) the pl. of the قِرَاب of the sword is قُرُبٌ [a pl. of mult.] (Msb, TA) and أَقْرِبَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.], like خُمُرٌ and أَخْمِرَةٌ pls. of خِمَارٌ. (Msb.) See also قُرْبٌ, latter half.

قَرِيبٌ Near in respect of place: (S, O, Msb, K, * &c.:) in this sense used alike as sing. and pl. (Kh, ISk, T, O, Msb, K *) and dual, (ISk, TA,) and as masc. and fem., (AA, Kh, Fr, ISk, T, S, O, Msb,) as is also بَعِيدٌ in the contr. sense: (Kh, ISk, TA:) the Arabs say هُوَ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, (ISk, O, * TA,) and هُمَا قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, and هُمْ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, (ISk, TA,) and هِىَ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, &c., meaning فِى مَكَانٍ قَرِيبٍ [in a place near, to me, or little removed from me:] (ISk, O, TA:) or when you say هِنْدٌ قَرِيبٌ مِنْكَ, it is as though you said هِنْدٌ مَوْضِعُهَا قَرِيبٌ مِنْكَ [Hind, her place is near to thee:] (AA, Msb:) hence, [in the Kur vii. 54,] إِنَّ رَحْمَةَ اللّٰهِ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ المُحْسِنِينَ [Verily the mercy of God is near unto the welldoers]: (AA, ISk, O, Msb:) but it is allowable to say قَرِيبَةٌ, as also بَعِيدَةٌ: (ISk, O, Msb, TA:) or (accord. to Zj, TA) قريب is here without ة because رحمة is not really [but only conventionally] of the fem. gender: (S, O, TA:) [but this reason is not satisfactory, because it does not apply to other cases mentioned above:] and it is also said that it is without ة because it is assimilated to an epithet of the measure فَعُولٌ, which does not receive the fem. affix ة. (TA.) [Hence the phrase مِنْ قَرِيبٍ:] see قُرْبٌ, former half, in two places. And [hence also] you say, إِنَّ قَرِيبًا مِنْكَ زَيْدًا [Verily Zeyd is in a place near to thee]; like as you say, إِنَّ قُرْبَكَ زَيْدًا. (Sb, TA.) b2: [Also Near in respect of time, whether future, as in the Kur xlii. 16, &c.; or past, as in the Kur lix. 15. And hence قَرِيبًا meaning Shortly after and before. And Nearly, as when one says, أَقَمْتُ بِالمَوْضِعِ قَرِيبًا مِنْ سَنَةٍ I remained, stayed, or abode, in the place nearly a year. Hence also the phrase عَنْ قَرِيبٍ:] see قُرْبٌ, near the middle. b3: And Near as meaning related by birth or by marriage: (S, O, Msb, K:) [and generally used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, meaning a relation, or relative:] in this sense it receives the fem. form, by universal consent; so that you say, هٰذِهِ المَرْأَةُ قَرِيبَتِى [This woman is my relation]: (Fr, S, O, Msb: *) and likewise the dual form; so that you say, [هُمَا قَرِيبَانِ and] هُمَا قَرِيبَتَانِ [They two are relations]: (AA, Msb:) [and it has a pl., namely, أَقْرِبَآءُ;] you say, هُمْ أَقْرِبَائِى and أَقَارِبِى (S, A, O, K) [and أَقْرَبِىَّ, this last originally أَقْرَبُوىَ; the first signifying They are my relations; and the second and third, properly, being pls. of ↓ أَقْرَبُ, They are my nearer, or nearest, or very near, relations; though in the T the second is said to be pl. of قَرِيبٌ; and in most of the copies of the K, but not in all, (for in some the first of these three words is omitted, as it is also in the TA,) it is implied that أَقْرِبَآءُ and أَقَارِبُ and أَقْرَبُونَ (which are mentioned in the Msb without any distinction of meaning) are all to be understood in the latter sense]: and قُرْبٌ [also] is a pl. of قَرِيبٌ [app. in the sense here assigned to it], like as غُرْبٌ is of غَرِيبٌ; (TA in art. زلف;) and قَرْبَى is allowable as a pl. of فَرِيبٌ: (T, TA:) the pl. of قَرِيبَةٌ is قَرَائِبُ. (T, Msb, TA.) And like as you say, هُوَ قَرِيبِى

[meaning He is my relation], as too you say, ↓ هُوَ ذُو قَرَابَتِى (S, O, K) and مِنِّى ↓ ذُو قَرَابَةٍ and منّى ↓ ذُو مَقْرُبَةٍ and مِنِّى ↓ ذُو قُرْبَى; (TA;) but not ↓ هُوَ قَرَابَتِى; (K;) [for only] the vulgar say this; as also هُمْ قَرَابَاتِى: (S, O:) or, accord. to Z, ↓ هُوَ قَرَابَتِى is allowable, being accounted for as a phrase in which the prefixed n. [ذُو] is suppressed; and it has moreover been asserted to be correct and chaste in verse and prose: ↓ قَرَابَةٌ also occurs in the trads. in the sense of أَقَارِبُ: it is said in the Nh to be an inf. n. used as an epithet, agreeably with general analogy: and in the Tes-heel it is said to be a quasi-pl. n. of قَرِيبٌ, like as صَحَابَةٌ is of صَاحِبٌ: (MF, TA:) [accord. to Mtr,] ↓ قَرَابَةٌ is correctly applicable to one and to a pl. number, as being originally an inf. n.; so that one says, هُو قَرَابَتِى and هُمْ قَرَابَتِى; though the chaste phrase is ذُو قَرَابَتِى applied to one; and ذَوَا قَرَابَتِى, to two; and ذَوُو قَرَابَتِى, to a pl. number. (Mgh.) b4: And [it is also applied to relationship:] one says, بَيْنَنَا نَسَبٌ قَرِيبٌ and ↓ قُرَابٌ [Between us is a near relationship]. (A.) b5: It signifies also Near, or allied, by affection and friendship. (TA voce تَنَسَّبَ.) [You say, فُلَانٌ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ meaning Such a one is near, &c., or friendly and affectionate, to people, or mankind.] See also قُرْبَانٌ, last sentence. b6: And one says, مَا هُوَ بِعَالِمٍ

عَالِمٍ ↓ وَلَا قُرَابِ and عَالِمٍ ↓ قُرَابَةِ meaning قَرِيبِ عَالِمٍ

[i. e. He is not learned nor near learned]. (TA.) And مِنْ ذٰلِكَ ↓ مَا هُوَ بِشَبِيهِكَ وَلَا بِقُرَابَةٍ meaning وَلَا بِقَرِيبٍ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ [i. e. He is not the like of thee nor near that]; (S, O;) or مِنْكَ ↓ وَلَا بِقُرَابَةٍ

meaning بقَرِيبٍ [i. e., nor near the like of thee]. (K.) b7: فُلَانٌ قَرِيبُ الثَّرَى; and قَرِيبُ الثَّرَى بَعِيدُ النَّبَطِ: see in arts. ثرى and نبط.

A2: Also, (O, K, TA,) but in some of the lexicons written قِرِّيبٌ, (TA,) Salted fish, while yet in its recent, moist, state. (O, K, TA.) قَرَابَةٌ, (S, O, K,) which is originally an inf. n., (S,) [i. e., of قَرُبَ, as is also, app., every one of its syns. here following,] and ↓ قُرْبَى and ↓ قُرْبَةٌ and ↓ قُرُبَةٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ قُرْبٌ (S, O) and ↓ مَقْرُبَةٌ and ↓ مَقْرَبَةٌ (S, O, K) ↓ مَقْرِبَةٌ, (K,) all of them, (S, O, K,) or the first and ↓ قُرْبَى, (Msb,) signify Relationship, or relationship by the female side; (S, O, * Msb, K, * TA;) or the first has the former of these significations and ↓ قُرْبَى has the latter of them: (T, TA:) [in the S, القَرَابَةُ is expl. signifying القُرْبَى فِى الرَّحِمِ; and in the Mgh and Msb, it and ↓ القُرْبَى are expl. as being فِى الرَّحِمِ; but in the T, as cited in the TA, the former is expl. as being فِى النَّسَبِ, and ↓ القُرْبَى as being فِى الرَّحِمِ: see the first sentence of this art.:] you say, بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهُ قَرَابَةٌ &c. [i. e. Between me and him is a relationship, or a relationship by the female side]. (S, O.) b2: See also قَرِيبٌ, latter half, in six places.

قُرَابَةٌ: see قُرْبٌ, first quarter: b2: and قِرَابٌ, in two places: and قَرِيبٌ, near the end, in three places. b3: قُرَابَةُ المُؤْمِنِ and ↓ قُرَابُهُ signify The believer's فِرَاسَة [i. e. insight, or intuitive perception, &c.]; (Fr, O, K;) and his opinion, which is near to knowledge and assurance: occurring in a trad., in which it is said that one is to beware thereof, because he looks with the light of God. (Fr, O, TA. [See also فِرَاسَةٌ.]) قِرَابَةٌ: see قَرَبَةٌ: A2: and see also قَرَبٌ.

جَاؤُوا قُرَابَى, (IDrd, O, K,) the latter word similar to فُرَادَى, (IDrd, O,) They came near together. (IDrd, O, K.) قُرَيْبَى [dim. of قُرْبَى]. دُونَ كُلِّ قُرَيْبَى قُرْبَى

[There is a relationship nearer than every relationship small in degree] is a prov. applied to him who asks of thee something wanted which one more nearly related to thee than he has asked of thee. (Meyd. [See another prov., app. similar in meaning and application, voce دَنِىٌّ, in art. دنو.]) قَرَّابٌ A maker of [what are called] قرب [app. قُرُب, pl. of قِرَابٌ; or perhaps قِرَب, pl. of قِرْبَةٌ]. (TA.) قَرْنَبٌ: &c.: see art. قرنب.

قَارِبٌ [part. n. of قَرَبَ said of a man journeying to water: and accord. to As and A'Obeyd, part. n. of أَقْرَبَ used in a similar sense; as such anomalous]. One seeking, or seeking to attain, [or journeying to,] water: so says Az, without specifying any time: (TA:) or, accord. to Kh, (S, O, TA,) one doing so by night; (S, O, K, TA;) not applied to one doing so by day. (S, O, TA.) And its pl. قَوَارِبُونَ signifies Persons whose camels are performing a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ: (As, S, O:) see 4, latter half. The epithet applied to camels in this case is قَوَارِبُ; (S, O;) [of which see another explanation voce طَلَقٌ;] and this epithet is also used in relation to birds. (IAar, TA.) مَا لِى

قَارِبٌ وَلَا هَارِبٌ occurs in a trad., meaning I have not any that goes to water nor any that returns from it. (L, TA. [See also هَارِبٌ.]) and حِمَارٌ قَارِبٌ means An ass hastening on in the night of arriving at the water. (Lth, TA.) A2: Also A small سَفِينَة; (A, K;) i. e. (A,) [a skiff;] a ship's boat, used by the seamen as a convenient means af accomplishing their needful affairs; (S, A, O;) also called سُنْبُوكٌ [or سُنْبُوقٌ]: (A:) pl. قَوَارِبُ: and أَقْرُبٌ occurs in a trad., and is said to be also a pl. of قَارِبٌ; but IAth says that this is not known as a pl. قارب, unless as anomalous; and it is said that أَفْرُبُ السَّفِينَةِ means the nearest parts of the ship; i. e., the parts near [or next] to the land. (TA.) قَوْرَبٌ Water over which, or against which, one has not power, or with which one cannot cope, by reason of its copiousness. (O, K.) أَقْرَبُ Nearer, and nearest, in respect of place, and in respect of time, &c.]: see قَرِيبٌ, in the middle of the paragraph.

ظَهَرَتْ تَقَرُّبَاتُ المَآءِ (tropical:) The foretokens of water appeared; i. e. small pebbles, from seeing which the well-digger, when he has nearly reached a spring, infers that water is near. (A, TA.) مَقْرَبٌ (A, O, K) and ↓ مَقْرَبَةٌ (O, K) (tropical:) A near, or the nearest, road or way: (A, O, K, TA:) or a small road or way, leading into a great one; said to be from القَرَبُ signifying “ the journeying by night,” or “ the journeying [by night] to water: ” (TA:) or, the former, a conspicuous road or way; so says IAar: (TA voce مَطْرَبٌ:) and the latter, accord. to AA, a place of alighting or sojourning or abiding; from القَرَبُ signifying “ the ” journeying [by night &c.]: the pl. is مَقَارِبُ. (TA.) مُقْرَبٌ A horse that is brought [or kept] near [to the tent, or dwelling], and treated generously, and not left to seek for pasture: fem. with ة:] or this is done only with mares, lest a stallion of low race should cover them: (IDrd, S, O, K:) or خَيْلٌ مُقْرَبَةٌ signifies horses that are [kept] near at hand, and prepared [for riding]: (El-Ahmar, TA:) or horses that have been prepared by scant food (ضُمِّرَتْ) for riding: (Sh, TA:) or horses of generous race, that are not confined in the pasturage, but are confined near to the tents, or dwellings, prepared for running. (R, TA.) and إِبِلٌ مُقْرَبَةٌ Camels girded for riding: (Sh, O, K:) or camels upon which are saddles (رِحَال) cased with leather, whereon kings ride: but this explanation has been disallowed. (Aboo-Sa'eed [i. e. As], TA.) [See also مُكْرَبَاتٌ.]

مُقْرِبٌ A woman, and a mare, and a ewe or goat, (S, O,) and an ass, (Lth, TA,) near to bringing forth: (S, O, K, TA:) [said to be] not used in relation to a camel; (S, O, TA;) the epithet used in this case being مُدْنٍ: (TA:) [but see the verb:] the pl. is مَقَارِيبُ; (S, O, K, TA;) as though they had imagined the sing. to be مِقْرَابٌ. (TA.) مَقْرَبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ: A2: and see also مَقْرَبٌ.

مَقْرُبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ; and see also قَرِيبٌ, latter half.

مَقْرِبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ.

المُقَرَّبُونَ: see الكَرُوبِيُّونَ.

A2: See also what here follows, in two places.

شَأْوٌ مُقَرِّبٌ and ↓ مُقَرَّبٌ, and هَلْ مِنْ مُقَرِّبَةِ خَبَرٍ and خَبَرٍ ↓ مُقَرَّبَةِ, occur thus written, probably by mistake, the ق being thus put in the place of غ: see [مُغَرِّبٌ in] art. غرب. (TA.) مُقَارَبٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

شَىْءٌ مُقَارِبٌ, with kesr to the ر (tropical:) A thing of a middling sort, between the good and the bad: (S, O, K: *) and also a cheap thing: (S, O:) and ثَوْبٌ مُقَارِبٌ a garment that is not good: (Msb:) you should not say ↓ مُقَارَبٌ, (ISk, S, O, Msb,) with fet-h: (ISk, Msb:) you say also رَجُلٌ مُقَارِبٌ [a man of a middling sort]: and مَتَاعٌ مُقَارِبٌ [a commodity, or commodities, &c., of a middling sort, or cheap]: (TA:) or you say دِينٌ مُقَارِبٌ with kesr, [meaning a religion of a middling sort], and ↓ مَتَاعٌ مُقَارَبٌ with fet-h, (K, TA,) meaning [a commodity, &c.,] not precious. (TA.) مُتَقَارِبٌ A short man: because his extremities are near together. (O.) b2: And المُتَقَارِبُ is the name of The fifteenth metre of verse; (O;) the metre composed of فَعُولُنٌ eight times; (O, K; *) and [one species of] فَعُولُنْ فَعُولُنْ فَعَلٌ twice: (K:) so called because its أَوْتَاد are near together; there being between every two of them one سَبَب. (O, K. *)

قرب
القَرْب: أنْ يَرْعى القَّوْمُ بينهم وبين المَوْرِدِ وهم في ذلك يَسِيرون حتّى إذا كانَ بينهم وبين الماءِ عَشِيَّةٌ عَجَّلُوا فَقَرَبُوا قَرْباً. وقَرَبَتِ الإِبلُ، وأقْرَبُوا إبلَهم.
وحِمَارٌ قَارِبٌ وعُوْنٌ قَوَارِبُ: أي تُعْجَلُ لَيْلَةَ الوُرُوْدِ.
والقَرْبُ: طَلَبُ الماءِ لَيْلاً، وقيل: نَهاراً. وقَوْمٌ قارِبُونَ، وقَرَبَتْ إبلهم، ولا يُقال مُقْرِبُونَ. " ومُقَرِّبَاتُ الماءِ: حَصىً صِغَارٌ تَخْرُجُ قبل أنْ يَنْبِطَ الماءُ حمْرٌ وسود؛ هشة.
والقارِبُ: سَفِينَةٌ صَغِيرةٌ، والجميع القَوارِبُ.
ويقولون: " ما لهُ هارِب ولا قارِبٌ " أي شَيْءٌ.
وقِرَابُ السيْفِ والسِّكِّيْنِ. قَرَّبْتُ قِرَاباً، وأقْرَبْتُ لُغَة، وقَرَبْت، فهو مَقْرُوْبٌ. ومُقَارَبَةُ الشَّيْءِ: قِرَابٌ، تقول: مَعَهُ ألْفٌ أو قِرَابُه. وقِرَابُ اللَّيْل والعَشِيِّ. وما هو بعالِمٍ ولا قُرَابَة عالِمٍ ولا قَرِيبِ ولا قِرَابَة. والماءُ قُرَابَةُ الرُّكْبَتَيْنِ. ومنه المَثَلُ: " الفِرَا
رُ بِقِرَابٍ أكْيَسُ ".
وقَدَحٌ قَرْبانٌ ماءً: أي قارَبَ الامْتِلاءَ.
والقُرْبُ: نَقِيْضُ البُعْدِ. والتَّقَرُّبُ: التَّدَنّي والتَوَصُّلُ إلى الشَيْءِ، ومنه الاقْتِرَابُ.
والقُرْبَانُ: ما تَقَرَّبْتَ به إلى اللهِ عَزَّ اسْمُه تبتغي به قُرْبَه، وكذلك إلى المَلِكِ، وهي القَرَابِيْنُ وُزَرَاؤه.
وقَرِبَ فلان أهْلَه قُرْباناً: أي غَشِيَها.
وما قَرِبْتُ هذا الأمْرَ قِرْباناً وقُرْباناً وقُرْباً.
ويُقال: قَرِّبَتْني منه قَرُوْبٌ: أي مُقَرِّبَة؛ كما يُقال: دَرُوكٌ. وقيل: هِمَّةٌ.
ويقولون: قَرُوْبُ طِبّ، وُيرْوى: قَربُ طِبٍّ: أي قَرُبَ الاخْتِيَارُ، كما يقولون: على الخَبِيرِ سَقَطْتَ. والقَرُوْبُ: القَرِيْبُ.
والقُرْبى: حَقّ ذي القَرَابَةِ، وهم أقَارِبُ، وللنِّساء: قَرَائبُ. ونَسَبٌ قُرَابٌ: أي قَرِيب، وحَيّا فلانٌ وَقرَّبَ. وهم قُرُوْبٌ - بوَزْنِ قُعُودٍ -: من القُرْب.
والتِّقِرّابُ: القُرْبُ أيضاً.
وفلانٌ يُقَرِّبُ أمْراً: أي يَغْزُوْهُ، وقد قَرِبْت.
والفَرَسُ المُقْرَبُ: الذي قُرِّبَ مَرْبطه ومِعْلَفُه لكَرَامَتِه، والجميع المُقْرَبَاتُ والمَقَارِيْبُ. والمَقْرَبُ: الطَّرِيقُ المختَصَرُ.
وأقْرَبَتِ الشاةُ والأتان فهي مُقرِبٌ: إذا أدْنَت.
والقرْبُ: من لَدُنِ الشاكِلَةِ إلى مَرَاقِّ البَطْنِ. وفَرَسٌ لاحِقُ الأقْرَابِ.
والقِرِّيْبُ: السَّمَكُ المُمَلَّحُ ما دامَ طَرِيّاً.
والقُرْقُبُ: البَطْنُ، وجَمْعُه قَرَاقِبُ، وقد تُشَدَّدُ الباءُ.
وإنًه لَشَرُوْبٌ قُرْقب: إذا كانَ شَرُوباً طَوِيلاً. وهي - أيضاً -: الحَفِيْفَةُ الصِّغَارُ من الطَّيْرِ، الواحدة قُرْقُبَة. والقُرْقُبُ: البَصْرَةُ.
وأفْعَلُ ذلك من قَرِيبٍ وقُرَابٍ.

قرب

قَرَبَ(n. ac. قَرْب)
a. Sheathed (sword).
b.(n. ac. قِرَاْبَة), Journeyed by night to the water.
c. Sought to attain (object).
قَرِبَ(n. ac. قَرَب)
a. see (قَرُبَ) (a), (b).
c. Had a pain in the side. _ast;

قَرُبَ(n. ac. قُرْب
قُرْبَة
قُرْبَى
مَقْرَبَة
قَرَاْبَة
قِرْبَاْن
قُرْبَاْن)
a. [acc.
or
Min
or
Ila], Was, became near to; neared, approached; was
related to.
b. Was imminent, impending (event).

قَرَّبَa. Made to approach, to draw near; brought, drew
near.
b. Honoured; took into his favour.
c. [acc. & Ila], Offered, presented to; brought before.
d. Offered up (sacrifice).
e. [ coll. ], Gave the Holy
Communion to.
f. Raised the fore feet together (horse).
g. see I (a)
قَاْرَبَa. Was near, close to; lived near, was the neighbour
of.
b. Approached, drew near to.
c. Was on the point of; was nearly ( full & c. ).
d. Made short steps.
e. Uttered repidly (speech).
f. [Bain], Made to follow closely.
g. Was affable, friendly, familiar with.
h. [Fī], Acted rightly, wisely in.
i. Believed to be near.

أَقْرَبَa. Was near to bringing forth (female).
b. Was nearly full (vessel).
c. Nearly filled.
d. see I (a) (b).
تَقَرَّبَ
a. [Ila
or
Min]
see (قَرُبَ) (a).
b. Advanced, came forward; approached.
c. [Bi & Ila], Sought to gain the favour of, to ingratiate
himself with.... by means of.
d. [Ila], Sought to gain the intimacy of; sought to ally
himself to.
e. [ coll. ], Communicated, took
the Sacrament.
تَقَاْرَبَa. Were near, close together; approached each
other.
b. Was nearly ripe, ready &c.

إِقْتَرَبَ
a. [Min]
see (قَرُبَ) (a), (b) & VI (a).

إِسْتَقْرَبَa. Deemed, found near.

قَرْبَىa. fem. of
قَرْبَاْنُ
قِرْبَة
(pl.
قِرَب
reg. &
a. قِرِبَات ), Water-skin

قُرْبa. Nearness; vicinity; proximity, neighbourhood
vicinage.
b. (pl.
أَقْرَاْب), Side; flank; groin.
قُرْبَة
(pl.
قُرَب
reg. &
a. قُرَبَات ), Nearness; kinship
relationship; affinity.
b. Good work, act of piety.

قُرْبَىa. see 3t (a)
قَرَبa. A night-journey to water.

قَرَبَةa. Quantity that almost fills ( a vessel ).

قُرُبa. see 3 (b)
قُرُبَة
( pl.
reg. )
a. see 3t (b)
أَقْرَبُ
( pl.
reg. &
أَقَاْرِبُ)
a. Nearer; nearest, next.
b. More probable, likelier; likeliest.
c. Relation.

مَقْرَب
(pl.
مَقَاْرِبُ)
a. Nearest way; crossroad.

مَقْرَبَةa. see 17 & 22t
(a).
مَقْرِبَة
مَقْرُبَةa. see 22t (a)
قَاْرِب
(pl.
قَوَاْرِبُ)
a. One seeking water by night.
b. Boat; skiff; barque; canoe.

قَرَاْبa. see 3 (a)
قَرَاْبَةa. Relationship, kinship, consanguinity.
b. see 25 (b)
قِرَاْب
(pl.
قُرُب أَقْرِبَة)
a. Sheath, scabbard; case.
b. Equivalent; equal.

قِرَاْبَةa. see 4 & 4t
قُرَاْبa. see 23 (b)
قُرَاْبَةa. Insight, intuitive perception.
b. see 23 (b)
قَرِيْب
(pl.
أَقْرِبَآءُ)
a. Near; nigh; close.
b. Relative, relation.
c. Neighbour.
d. Salt-fish.

قَرِيْبَة
(pl.
قَرَاْئِبُ)
a. fem. of
قَرِيْب
قَرْبَاْنُa. Nearly full (vessel)
b. see 35 (b)
قُرْبَاْن
(pl.
قَرَابِيْن)
a. Offering, oblation; sacrifice.
b. [ coll. ], Eucharist.
c. Favourite, familiar, consessor, companion ( of a
prince ).
N. Ag II, Bringing near. b. Offerer;
sacrificer.

N. Ac.
قَرَّبَa. Approximation.
b. Probabilily.
c. Gallop.
d. [ coll. ], Offering.

N. Ag.
قَاْرَبَa. Midding; approximate; average; near.

N. P.
قَاْرَبَa. Cheap.

N. Ag.
أَقْرَبَ
(pl.
مَقَاْرِبُ مَقَاْرِيْبُ)
a. Near to bringning forth (female).

N. P.
أَقْرَبَa. Thorough-bred (mare).
b. Saddled.

N. Ag.
تَقَاْرَبَa. Near together, close.
b. Short.
c. A certain metre.

عَنْ قُرْبٍ
عَن قَِيْبٍ
a. Shortly; soon.

مِن قُرْبٍ
مِن قَرِيْبٍ
a. From close by; close to.

تَقْرِيْبًا بِالْتَّقْرِيْب
a. Approximatively, very nearly; thereabouts.

أَفْعَالُ المُقَارَبَةِ
a. The verbs of appropinquation.

هُوَ قُرْبَكَ
هُوَ قُرَابَتَكَ
a. He is near thee.

هُوَ قَرَابَتِي
a. He is my relative.

جَاءُوا قُرَابَى
a. They came close together.

عِيْدُ الْقُرْبَان
a. [ coll. ], The feast of Corpus
Christi.

قرب: قرب: إذا كان بمعنى دنا فمضارعه يقرب، وإذا كان بمعنى اختلط وامتزج وتلبس فمضارعه يقرب (المقري 1: 485) واقرأ فيه تتلبس كما في طبعة بولاق. والمصدر منه: قرب وفروب (ديوان الهذليين ص200 البيت 29).
قرب: عاش قرب الأمير والملك، عاش في البلاط وأصبح شخصا ذا مكانة، وهي ضد بعد. وقد تكرر ذكرها في كليلة ودمنة في (ص277) مثلا.
قرب: اقترب من الله. (المقدمة 3: 417).
قرب: دنا منه وصار بالقرب منه (القرآن 2: 183) مع تفسير البيضاوي.
قرب إلى البر: رسا، أرفأ. (بوشر).
قرب لفلان: كان قريبا له، كان من أقربائه (بوشر) (ألف ليلة 1: 460، 590).
قرب من الناس: كان أنيسا سهل المقابلة. (معجم الإدريسي).
قرب عليه: كان سهلا هينا عليه، ففي كتاب عبد الواحد (ص175): لو كان لهذه الكتب مشروح لقرب مأخذها على الناس.
قرب: يظهر أن المصدر قرب معناه تقريب أي تقديم، ففي تاريخ البربر (2: 27): وتناغت وناته في التزلف إلى الدولة بقرب الطاعات، ولابد أن الطاعات معناها الولاء السيد. وعلى هذا لابد أن يكون المعنى: وقد تنافس كلهم على الحصول على حظوة بلاط السلطان وبادروا بإبداء إخلاصهم وولائهم، كما ترجمها السيد دي سلان. وانظر (تاريخ البربر 2: 51).
قرب: تصحيف قرب. (الكامل ص 537).
قرب (بالتشديد): أصلح، وفق بين (بوشر، عباد 1: 51).
قرب الأمير فلانا: قدمه في خدمته وجعله من خواصه. (محيط المحيط).
قرب لله القربان: قدم ضحية لله. (محيط المحيط، كليلة ودمنة ص198).
قرب لله: ضحى، وكذلك قرب ضحية ل: ضحى، ذبح. ومنه: قرب عند النصارى أي منح الأسرار. (بوشر، همبرت ص155) قرب. ناول سر القربان المقدس. (بوشر) قرب فلانا ناوله القربان. ففي محيط المحيط: قرب الكاهن فلانا ناوله القربان، وهو من اصطلاح النصارى.
قرب المريض: ناوله القربان الأقدس. (بوشر).
قرب: قدم، ففي تاريخ البربر (2: 518): أنزلهم بقصور ملكه بالحمراء وقرب لهم للمراكب وأفاض عليهم العطاء.
قرب: سهل، هون. ففي رياض النفوس (ص 57ق): طلب منه أن يذهب إلى المنستير ليشتري له سمكتين وفي طريقي وجدت رجلا عنده سمكتان فقلت في نفسي لعلي أشتريهما منه ويقرب عناي. وحين رأى سيدي إني أسرعت في العودة سألني: ألم تذهب إلى المنستير؟ فقلت: قرب الله عناي كان من الأمر كذا وكذا.
قرب على فلان: عرض عليه أمرا سهلا. ففي الاكتفا (ص126 و) في الكلام عن جوليان وموسى: وقرب عليه مرام غلبة الأندلس وسرعة فتحها.
قرب: عرض مفصلا، سرد، ففي كتاب عبد الواحد (ص251): فهذه كليات سيرتهم مجملة على ما يقتضيه شرط التقريب.
قرب لمقصوده: عرض منفصلا حججه وبراهينه. (الكالا).
قرب بشيء: اتهم بجريمة. ففي حيان -بسام (1: 31 و): فلما دارت الكؤوس أخذ عبد الملك معاتبته والتعرض لما قرب به عنده. وبعد ذلك: وطفق يعتذر ويحتج في إبطال ما قرب به.
قارب فلانا: كان من أقاربه. (بوشر).
قارب في: في حيان- بسام (3: 50 ق): قال كونت نور مندي لتاجر رقيق جاء ليشتري إماء: فأعرض عمن هاهنا وتعرض لمن شئت ممن صيرته بحصني من سبيي وإسرائي أقاربك فيمن شئت منهن. ولا أدري ما هو المعنى الدقيق لهذه الكلمة.
تقرب: دنا من، اقترب، صار قريبا. ففي النويري (مصر مخطوطة 2، ص115 و): فنازلها بمن معه على أربعة أميال فيها (منها) فلم يخرج إليه أحد ثم تغرب (تقرب) حتى صار منها على ميلين فلما رأى المسلمون قربه من المدينة الخ.
تقرب من أقترب من، دنا، اتصل. (بوشر، المقري 1: 137).
تقرب من: تعلق ب، تمسك ب. (هلو).
تقرب ل: استمال القلوب. ففي المقري (1: 136): يقتله السلطان تقربا لقلوب العامة (المقري 1: 14).
تقرب إلى فلان: اكتسب رضاه. حظي برعايته وعطفه. (كوسج طرائف ص107). وفي النويري (الأندلس ص439). فتقربوا إليه بتسليمه له.
تقرب. في معجم فوك: تقرب إلى الله بالقربان.
والمصدر: تقرب وتقراب، ومعناها: أتى إليه تعالى به وطلب القربة عنده (محيط المحيط).
تقرب: نال بالتضحية، (الكالا).
تقرب: فلان: تناول القربان وهو من اصطلاح النصارى. والمصدر تقرب. (بوشر، محيط المحيط).
تقارب: تجمع، (بوشر).
تقارب: الجيشان: تساويا تقريبا بالعدد. (أخبار ص59).
اقترب من: دنا من. (بوشر).
استقربه: جعله يقترب ويدنو. (معجم الطرائف).
قرب: دنو، إقتراب، وصول، ولوج، (بوشر).
قرب: من: ألفة، مودة، صداقة حميمة. (فوك).
استقربه: جعله صديقا حميما له. (معجم الطرائف).
قرب: لطف، أنس، بشاشة. طلاقة، دماثة. (المقدمة 2: 266).
قرب: حظوة. (بوشر).
بهذا القرب: منذ قليل من الزمن، حديثا، منذ عهد قريب، مؤخرا. (بوشر).
قرب: تخمة. عسر هضم، جفس. ففي معجم المنصوري: تخمة هي المرض المسمى بالبشم عند أهل المغرب ويسمى بالمشرق ألقرب.
قربة: جرة. (دومب ص93) وهو يكتبها كربة.
قربة: مزمار القرية. (بوشر).
قربة: ما يتقرب به إلى الله تعالى من أعمال البر والطاعة. (فليشر في تعليقه على المقري 1: 518، بريشت ص194).
قربة: قربان، ضحية، تقدمة، شيء يقدم (بوشر).
قربات= مقربات: خيل كريمة. (تاريخ البربر 2: 383، 391).
قربى: جاءت في سورة (رقم 42، الآية 22) ومعناها عند بعض المفسرين (=التقرب) وهو ما يتقرب به إلى الله تعالى من أعمال البر والطاعة. (أماري ص575، الجريدة الآسيوية 1852، 1: 259 رقم 1).
قربية: قرابة، قربى، (الكالا).
قربان: عند الموازنة ما يقدسونه من الخبز والخمر. خبز الذبيحة، برشان. (روجر ص432).
عيد القربان: العيد الكبير. (بوشر).
عيد القربان: عيد القربان المقدس، عيد جسد الرب، عيد الجسد: (همبرت ص154).
قربان = اجتماع، جمعية، حفل، محفل 10 (المعجم اللاتيني -العربي).
قربان: في رحلة ابن بطوطة (3: 167) وكانت الملكة تركب بالقوس والتركش والقربان كما يركب الرجال. وفي الترجمة: بطانتها وحاشيتها، ويبدو لي أن هذه الكلمة تعنى شيئا آخر.
قربانه: قربان. خبز الذبيحة، ضحية، (بوشر، همبرت ص155).
قربانة (رومانية) والجمع قربان: قريبة، غدارة، بندقية واسعة المخرج شاعت قديما. بندقية قصيرة. (بوشر).
قربانة: طبنجة، بندقية عريضة الفوهة. (بوشر).
قرباتي، والجمع قربات: هو عند أهل حلب غجري، بوهيمي. (بوشر، بركهارت سوريا ص240).
قراب (بالأسبانية Carabo) : بومة صماء لا تنازع لها. (الكالا).
قراب: غمد، وعاء يكون فيه السيف. والجمع قرابات (بوشر) وأقربة (محيط المحيط).
قراب: غلاف الكتاب، وعاء الكتاب (المقري 2: 527).
قراب: علبة. (هلو).
قراب، والجمع أقربة: كيس، جراب، حقيبة (فوك).
قريب: ذو القرابة، الداني في النسب. ويجمع على أقارب وقرباء وقرابة. (فوك) وفي معجم بوشر جمعه. قرائب وأقارب.
أسواق قريبة= متقاربة، أي بعضها قريب من بعض. (معجم الإدريسي).
البعيد والقريب: الطبقة الدنيا، عامة الناس، والطبقة العليا، أشراف الناس. وقد تكرر ذكرها في كليلة ودمنة، في (ص206) مثلا.
قريب: حديث العهد. (البلاذري ص24) وقد أسيء تفسيرها في معجم البلاذري، إذ لابد أن يكون معنى العهد الميثاق والاتفاق. وهو ما ذكر في ص23).
عن قريب: عما قليل. (دي ساسي طرائف 2: 239).
هو قريب عهد بفلان: هو حديث عهد بمعرفته. (معجم البلاذري).
قريب: حوالي، زهاء، قرب. يقال مثلا: وهي على قريب فرسخين من مدينة إنطاكية. (معجم البلاذري).
قريب: ابن البلد، ضد غريب. (الثعالبي لطائف ص187).
قريب القعر (ابن جبير ص67) وقريب العمق (ابن جبير ص206) وقريب المنزع وقريب الرشاء (الجوهري والقاموس في مادة بغبغ): قليل العمق.
ويقال: قريب فقط بحذف المضاف إليه. (معجم الإدريسي، ابن جبير ص64).
قريب. سقف قريب: قليل الارتفاع. (معجم الإدريسي).
قناة قريبة الغاية: قناة قصيرة. (دي سلان، تاريخ البربر 1: 413).
قريب: محتمل، قريب من الحق: شبيه بالحق. (بوشر) ويقال أيضا قريب للصحة أي إلى الصحة. (معجم أبي الفدا).
هذا شيء قريب للعقل: هذا شيء محتمل جدا (بوشر).
قريب من: لين الجانب، سهل المقابلة. ففي كتاب الخطيب (ص72 ق): كان مؤثرا للدخول قريبا من كل أحد.
قريب: سهل، هين، يسير. (معجم الإدريسي، ملر ص129، ابن الأثير 9: 445، ابن العوام 2:59).
قريب: في وضع مفضل، في وضع أثير. (معجم الإدريسي).
قريب: بين بين، دون المتوسط، قليل الاعتبار، قليل الشأن، قليل الأهمية. (معجم الإدريسي، ملر ص26، الجريدة الآسيوية 1851، 1: 56، ابن خلكان 1: 734).
قرابة أو قرابة (انظر فلرز): نوع من العلب أو الصناديق ينقل فيها التفاح.
قرابة أو قرابة: قربة؟ لنقل الماء (دي يونج).
قراب: جندي مشاة، راجل. (بوشر).
قراب: سقاء، من يحمل الماء بالقربة إلى المنازل ونحوها. (دومب ص102) وهو يكتبها كراب.
قارب: زورق. وهي باليونانية كسارابس، وعند ازيدور Carabus.
قارب: رئيس. ففي ألف ليلة (برسل 9: 269): يا قارب حرامية، وفي طبعة ماكن: يا رئيس الحرامية.
أقرب. أقرب إليه: حادث في الحال. جار في الحال مباشر، بلا واسطة (بوشر).
الوجه الأقرب للعقل: الفرصة الأكثر إحتمالا، الفرصة الرجحى، الأمر الأرجح. (بوشر).
أقراب: حقيبة المسافر. (دومب ص92).
تقرب. تقربات: إحترام، تقديس. (تاريخ البربر 2: 51).
مواضع التقربات: الأماكن المقدسة. (الفخري ص44).
تقربة: قربان، تقدمة، تضحية. (بوشر).
تقريب. بالتقريب: تقريبا، حوالي. (بوشر، عبد الواحد ص4).
تقريب: تخمين، حساب قريب من الكمية المطلوبة. (بوشر).
تقريب القربان: صلاة التقدمة أو التقديم في القداس، قسم من القداس، تقديم الخبز والخمر (بوشر).
تقريب المريض: مسحة المريض- مسحة المريض الأخيرة (بوشر). تقريبي: تخميني. (بوشر).
مقرب. مقرب بالأهلية: متصل بالنسب، نسيب، صهر. (بوشر).
مقرب عند، مقرب من: ذو صداقة خالصة ومودة صادقة عند. (فوك).
مقرب: متمتع بفضل الله ورعايته. (المقري 1: 883) بتقدير: عند الله.
مقرب: متوسط القامة، ليس بالطويل ولا بالقصير. (فوك).
مقربة: يبدو لي أن ما يذكره فريتاج معنى لهذه الكلمة نقلا عن رايسكه خطأ. ففي نص الماسين (ص123) لا نجد مقربة بل المقاربة (كذا) وأرى إن الصواب المغاربة، وأن الأمر يتصل بثورة للجنود المغاربة (واقرأ وثار).
مقربة. كانت إحدى المقربات في الأنام: كانت إحدى نعم الله التي أنعمها الله على الناس. (دي سلان) تاريخ البربر 2: 139).
مقارب: تقريبا، بالتقريب، حوالي. (بوشر). بياض مقارب، أنظرها في كلمة بياض.
مقارب: بين بين، وسط. (هلو).
مقارب: رديء، سيئ. (الكالا) وفيه (شيء مقارب، وثنا مقارب، وبغامة مقاربة. وفعالة مقاربة).
مقاربة: تقريب، تخمين، حساب قريب من الكمية المطلوبة. (بوشر).
مقاربة: كفاف. دون المتوسط. (هلو).
إقتراب: ميل، توجه إلى مركز واحد. (بوشر).
متقاربة: لاعبو الشطرنج من الدرجة الثانية الذين يأتون بعد أصحاب الدرجة الأولى مباشرة وهؤلاء هم العالية (فإن دن لند تاريخ الشطرنج 1: 106).

شعف

1 شَعَفَ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. شَعَفٌ, though it is implied in the K, by its being said that the verb is like مَنَعَ, that it is شَعْفٌ, (TA,) He smeared, anointed, or overspread, a camel [suffering from the mange, or scab], with tar, (S, O, K, and Bd in xii. 30,) and burned him by so doing. (Bd ibid.) Imra-el-Keys says, لِيَقْتُلَنِى وَقَدْ شَعَفْتُ فُؤَادَهَا كَمَا شَعَفَ المَهْنُوْءَةَ الرَّجُلُ الطَّالِى

[That he should slay me, I having overspread her heart with love of me, like as the man anointing overspreads her (meaning the camel) that is smeared with tar]: but it is also related otherwise, i. e. قَطَرْتُ فُؤَادَهَا كَمَا قَطَرَ: (O, TA:) Aboo-'Alee El-Kálee says that she [the camel] that is smeared with tar experiences, by reason of the tar, a pleasurable sensation with a burning. (TA.) b2: Hence, [as indicated above,] قَدْ شَعَفَهَا حُبًّا [He has overspread and burned her heart with love]; as some read in the Kur xii. 30; others reading شَغَفَهَا: (Bd:) [or he has burned her heart with love; for] شَعَفَهُ الحُبُّ means love burned his heart: (S:) there are two readings of the words of the Kur above; (O, K;) [as well as two other readings mentioned in art. شغف;] قَدْ شَعَفَهَا حُبًّا, (S, O, K,) one, a reading of El-Hasan (S, O) and others; meaning [as above: or], accord. to Az, he has diseased her heart with love, (S, * O,) and melted it: (O:) or, accord. to El-Hasan, he has penetrated into her with love: (S:) the other reading is قَدْ شَعِفَهَا حُبًّا, (O, K,) meaning he has become attached to her with love, and loved her excessively: (O:) [but it is also said that] شَعَفَنِى

حُبُّهُ means The love of him overspread my heart from above; (O, K;) from شَعَفَةٌ signifying the “ head ” of the heart, “at the place of suspension of [or from] the نِيَاط; ” (O, * K;) and in like manner, شُعِفْتُ بِهِ and بِحُبِّهِ, (O, and so in the CK,) or شَعِفْتُ: (so in other copies of the K, in which, and in the CK, the verb in this case is said to be like فَرِحَ: [but this I regard as a mistake:]) and شَعَفَ القَلْبَ He, or it, struck, or smote, the شَعَفَة, or uppermost part, of the heart: (Ham p.

545:) Az, however, says, I know not any one that has assigned to the heart a شَعَفَة, except Lth; and vehement love takes possession of the core (سَوَاد) of the heart; not of its extremity: [but] accord. to Fr, شُعِفَ بِفُلَانٍ, like عُنِىَ, means The love of such a one rose to the highest places of his heart: others say that الشعف [app. الشَّعَفُ] signifies the being frightened, and disquieted, like the beast when it is frightened; and that the Arabs transferred its attribution from beasts to human beings: (TA:) Abu-l-'Alà says that الشَّعَفُ signifies a thing's falling into the heart: (IB, TA:) one says also, شَعَفَهُ المَرَضُ Disease melted him: (TA:) and accord. to Az, شُعِفَ بِكَذَا means He became diseased by such a thing. (S.) شَعَفٌ: see شَعَفَةٌ, in two places. b2: Also The upper, or uppermost, part of the hump of the camel: (O, K:) Lth says that it is like the heads of truffles, and the three stones upon which the cooking-pot is placed, that are round in their upper, or uppermost, parts. (O.) A2: Also Vehemence of love: (L:) [or simply love: for] one says, أَلْقَى عَلَيْهِ شَعَفَهُ, meaning [He cast] his love [upon him, or it]; as also شَغَفَهُ. (TA.) شَعَفَةٌ The head [or summit] of a mountain: (S, O, K:) and the upper, or uppermost, part of anything: (Ham pp. 130 and 545:) pl. ↓ شَعَفٌ [or rather this is a coll. gen. n., and accord. to Freytag it is used as a sing., in the two senses above mentioned, in the Deewán of Jereer,] and [the pl. is] شُعُوفٌ and شِعَافٌ and شَعَفَاتٌ: (S, O, K:) and ↓ شَعَفٌ is also expl. as signifying an elevated part of the earth or ground. (TA.) b2: Also A lock of hair (خُصْلَةٌ) upon the head, (K,) or upon the upper, or uppermost, part of the head. (O, TA.) And شِعَافٌ (its pl., TA) signifies The hair of the head: so in the phrase رَجُلٌ صُهْبُ الشِّعَافِ [A man whose hair of the head is red, or red in the outer part and black beneath, or of a red colour tinged over with blackness, &c.]. (S, O, K.) b3: And The [pendent lock of hair termed] ذُؤَابَة of a boy, or young man. (S.) b4: And شَعَفَةُ القَلْبِ signifies The head of the heart, at the place of suspension of [or from] the نِيَاط [q. v.]. (O, TA. [But see, in the first paragraph, what Az says respecting this meaning.]) شَعَافٌ, like سَحَابٌ, Love's making away with the heart. (TA.) شُعَافٌ Insanity, or madness. (O, K.) شُعَيْفَةٌ dim. of شَعَفَةٌ: pl. شُعَيْفَاتٌ.] One says, مَا عَلَى رَأْسِهِ إِلَّا شُعَيْفَاتٌ There is not upon his head aught save some small hairs of the [pendent lock of hair termed] ذُؤَابَة. (S, O, K.) مَشْعُوفٌ [Burned in the heart by love: (see 1:) or] diseased [therein]: (Az, S:) or struck, or smitten, in the شَعَفَة of his heart by love, or by fright, or by insanity, or madness. (O, K.) Insane, or mad. (O, K.) Bereft of his heart. (TA.) [See also مَشْغُوفٌ.]