فتــل: فتــل: حرك، نشط، أنعش. وتستعمل مجازاً بمعنى علم وهذب. (بوشر).
فتــل الثور: خصاه. (فوك).
فتــل: دار (برم) على رجل واحدة فتــل بعجلة، ودار حول نفسه، وأدار حول رأسه سيفاً أو عصا. (بوشر).
انــفتــل: دار. (ابن جبير ص94، 100) وعند شكوري أنظر مادة زراقة.
انــفتــل من: خرج من الصلاة وانصرف. (المقدمة 81:3) وفي كتاب ابن صاحب الصلاة (ص10 ق): انــفتــل من الصلاة.
قتلة: وردت في معجم الكالا مقابل الكلمة اللاتينية retocadura. ولما كان معنى هذه الكلمة مداعبة، حب ومداعبة شهوانية، وهذا ما لا يلائم المعنى فإني أرى أنها من خطأ الطباعة وأن الصواب retorcedura أي دورة. وعند نبريجا باللاتينية ما معناه فتــلة، برمة دورة.
فتــلة خيط: خيط الإبرة، خيط من القطن أو الحرير للخياطة. (بوشر).
فتــلة المغزل: حز لولبي في الطرف الرهيف من المغزل. (ألكالا).
فتــول: هدب، خمل (بوشر).
فتــيل. والجمع فتــيلات (ألكالا) وفتــائل (فوك): فتــيلة، ذبالة السراج. (فوك، ألكالا، دومب ص79، ابن العوام 637:1) (في مخطوطة ل منه قبيل)، 639 رقم 3) وأبدل فيه: ويدس بدل وتبدل.
فتــيل: فتــيلة البارودة (البندقية) ذبالة البارودة (زيشر 122:22).
معمل الــفتــالة: مصنع الغزل. معمل يغزل فيه القطن وغيره. (بوشر).
فتــيلة: ذبالة السراج، وجمعها فتــل (الكامل ص44) واسم الجمع: فتــيل. (ابن بطوطة (264:2).
فتــيلته طويلة: بطيء، متوان، متراخ. (بوشر).
فتــيلة: قراطة، ذبالة مقصوصة (بوشر).
فتــيلة: خيط مــفتــول (فتــيل) طويل ملتو يستعمل للإنارة، شمعة، سراج الليل، قنديل السهر وقنديل صغير يبقى مضاء طول الليل. (بوشر، ابن جبير ص277).
فتــيلة كبريت: عود ثقاب، كبريتية، شخاطة وقيدة. (همبرت ص169). فتــيلة، والجمع فتــائل. (طرائف دي ساسي (157:2): خرق الضماد. نسالة، خيوط كانت تستعمل قديماً في ضمد الجراح، لفافة، نسالة. (بوشر، مارسيل، هلو، معجم الأسبانية ص268).
فتــيلة، والجمع فتــائل: قطعة جبن. (ألف ليلة برسل 398:10) وفي طبعة ماكن: قطع.
فتــيلة: قنينة صغيرة، حوجلة، قارورة (بوشر).
فتــائل الرهبان: اسم نبات وصفه ابن البيطار (245:2).
فتــغال: برام، لاو، جادل الحبل. (فوك).
فتــال: حبال، صانع الحبال برام (محيط المحيط) في مادة برام وفتــل.
مــفتــلة: سميد، ضرب من البرغل الدقيق، عجين جاف يعمل من الدقيق الحواري. (بوشر).
مــفتــلة: ابريسم البنغال الخام. (جاكسون تمبكتو ص214).
مــفتــول: أجعد، مكسر. (المعجم اللاتيني - العربي).
مــفتــول النظرة: من به حول قليل. (ألكالا).
مــفتــول: ماهر، حاذق، لبق، وتستعمل مجازاً بمعنى محتال، مكار، داه. (بوشر). مــفتــول، والجمع مفاتل: ذبالة السراج، (فوك، ألكالا).
منــفتــل: مشطب، مرقق، مبرقش، أبقع. (ألكالا).

فتــل

1 فَتَــلَهُ, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. فَتْــلٌ; (T, M, Msb;) and ↓ فتّــلهُ, (M, K, TA,) [but this has teshdeed given to it to denote muchness of the action, or multiplicity of the objects, (see its pass. part. n. below,)] inf. n. تَــفْتِــيلٌ; (TA;) He twisted it, (T, M, K, TA,) i. e. a thing, (T, M,) like as one twists (T) a rope (T, S, O, Msb) &c., (S, O, Msb,) and like as one twists a wick. (T.) b2: [Hence] one says رَجُلٌ مُحْكَمُ الــفَتْــلِ (tropical:) [A man firm, or compact, in respect of make; as though firmly twisted]. (K and TA voce مَجْدُولٌ. [See the pass. part. n. below.]) b3: And فَتَــلَ ذُؤَابَتَهُ, (K,) or فَتَــلَ فِى

ذُؤَابَتِهِ, (O, TA,) (tropical:) [lit. He twisted his pendent lock of hair;] meaning he made him to turn, or swerve, from his opinion, or judgment, or sentiment, (O, K, TA,) by deceiving, or deluding, him. (TA.) And جَآءَ وَقَدْ فُتِــلَتْ ذُؤَابَتُهُ (tropical:) He came, having been deceived, or beguiled, and turned from his opinion, &c. (TA.) And مَا زَالَ يَــفْتِــلُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ فِى الذِّرْوَةِ وَالغَارِبِ, (tropical:) meaning, يَدُورُ مِنْ وَرَآءِ خَدِيعَتِهِ [i. e. He ceased not to be going about seeking, or endeavouring, after the deceiving, or beguiling, of such a one]: (S, O, K:) originating from a saying in a trad. of Ez-Zubeyr, cited and expl. voce غَارِبٌ [q. v.]. (O, TA. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 200.]) b4: فَتَــلَهُ عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ, (T,) or عَنْ وَجْهِهِ, (S, O,) means He turned him [from the object of his want, or from his way, or course], like لَــفَتَــهُ, (T, S, O,) from which it is [said to be] formed by transposition. (S, O.) And فَتَــلَ وَجْهَهُ عَنْهُمْ [also] means He turned his face from them, (M, K,) like لَــفَتَــهُ. (M.) A2: فَتِــلَتِ النَّاقَةُ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. فَتَــلٌ, (assumed tropical:) The she-camel was smooth, or sleek, and flaccid, in the skin of her armpit, it not having in it عَرْك nor حَازّ nor خَالِع [which words see in their proper arts.]. (T, TA.) [See also فَتَــلٌ below.]2 فَتَّــلَ see the preceding paragraph, first sentence.4 افتــل said of [trees of the species termed]

سَلَم and سَمُر, (K,) or افتــلت said of a سَمُرَة (M, O) and of a سَلَمَة, (M,) They, or it, put forth, or produced, the فَتْــلَة [q. v.] thereof. (M, O, K.) 5 تَــفَتَّــلَ see the paragraph here following.7 انــفتــل, and ↓ تــفتّــل, [but the latter, as quasipass. of 2, denotes, or implies, muchness, or multiplicity,] It [a rope, &c.,] became twisted. (M, K.) b2: And the former, He turned away (T, S, Mgh) from his prayer, (T,) or from prayer, (Mgh,) or from his way, or course. (S.) and انــفتــل رَاجِعًا [He turned away, returning]. (S, O, K, in art. صوع.) فَتْــلٌ: see its n. un. فَتْــلَةٌ: A2: and see also فَتَــلٌ.

A3: Also The cry, or crying, of the فَتَّــال, i. e. بُلْبُل. (IAar, T, O, TA. [Said in the TA to be an inf. n.: but its verb, if it have one, is not mentioned.]) فَتَــلٌ an inf. n. of فَتِــلَت [q. v.] said of a she-camel. (T, TA.) [It is also expl. as signifying] (tropical:) Wideness between the elbows and sides of a she-camel: (S, O, TA:) or a state of firm, or concealed, insertion, (اِنْدِمَاجٌ,) in the elbow of a camel, (M, K, TA,) and its being apart from the side; (M, TA;) as also ↓ فَتْــلٌ: (M: [thus in the TT as from the M; being there written فَتَْــل:]) this [or rather the like of this] in the shank and foot of the camel is a fault. (M, TA.) فَتْــلَةٌ [as an inf. n. un., A twisting. b2: and hence, app., (assumed tropical:) An intense firmness of compacture of the flesh of the fore arm: expl. in the TT, as from the M, by the words شِدة عَصْب الدِباغ; for which, I doubt not, we should read شِدَّةُ عَصْبِ الذِّرَاعِ: see مَــفْتُــولٌ. b3: And A twist. b4: And particularly A twisted slip, formed by slitting, of the ear of a she-camel. (See 4 in art. دبر, in the last quarter of the paragraph.) b5: And, as used in the present day, A needleful of thread. b6: Also] The seed-vessel of the سَلَم and of the سَمُر, peculiarly, (M, K,) resembling the pods of the bean, (M,) when they first come forth. (M, K.) and The blossom of the سَمُرَة: (M:) or the fruit of the سَمُر and of the عُرْفُط: (TA:) or the blossom of the [kind of trees called] عِضَاه, (O, TA,) when it has become compactly organized: (TA:) or it signifies also, (M, K,) and so does ↓ فَتَــلَةٌ, (K,) or peculiarly this latter, بالتَّحْرِيكِ, as AHn says on the authority of some one or more of the relaters, (O,) the fruit (بَرَمَة) of the عُرْفُط, (M, O, K,) because its filaments, or fringe-like appertenances, are as though they were cotton, and it is white, like the button of the shirt, or somewhat larger: (AHn, M, O:) or it signifies one of what are termed ↓ فَتْــلٌ, which means what are [as though they were] twisted, of the وَرَق [properly signifying leaves of simple and common kinds] of trees, such as the ورق of the [tamarisks called] طَرْفَآء and أَثْل and the like; (TA;) or, (M, K, TA,) as AHn says, (M, TA,) this word فَتْــلٌ signifies what are not وَرَق, but are substitutes for these: (M, K, TA:) and, (K,) as some say, (M,) what do not expand, of [the appertenances of] plants, but are [as though they were] twisted; (M, K;) so that they are like هُدْب [thus in the TT as from the M, perhaps a mistranscription for هَدَب, q. v.]; being like the هدب [i. e. هَدَب] of the طَرْفَآء and أَثْل and أَرْطى. (M.) b7: See also فَتِــيلٌ, last sentence.

فِتْــلَةٌ [A manner of twisting]. You say فِتْــلَةٌ بَارِحَةٌ, meaning شَزْرَةٌ [i. e. A manner of twisting contrary to that which is usual]. (A in art. برح.) فَتَــلَةٌ: see فَتْــلَةٌ, near the middle: b2: and see the paragraph here following, last sentence.

فَتِــيلٌ Twisted; [applied to a rope, &c.;] as also ↓ مَــفْتُــولٌ. (M, K.) b2: And A slender cord, of [the fibres called] لِيف, (M, K,) or of [the bark termed] خَزَم, or of عَرَق [meaning plaited palmleaves], or of thongs, (M,) which is bound upon the ring (M, K) called عِيَان which is at the end (مُنْتَهى), (M,) or which is at the place of meeting (مُلْتَقَى), (K,) of the دُجْرَانِ [two pieces of wood to which the share of the plough is attached]. (M, K.) b3: [And A tent for a wound: a term used by surgeons: see دَسَمَ الجُرْحَ, in art. دسم.]

b4: And What one twists [or rolls] (S, M, O, K) between his fingers (M, K) or between the two fingers [meaning the thumb and fore finger], (S, O,) of dirt [that has collected upon the skin when it has not been recently washed]; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ فَتِــيلَةٌ. (M, K.) So says I' Ab in explaining the saying in the Kur [iv. 52, and 79 also accord. to some readers, and xvii. 73], وَلَا يُظْلَمُونَ فَتِــيلًا [meaning (tropical:) And they shall not be wronged by their being deprived of the most paltry right; or they shall not be wronged a whit]: (O, TA:) or the [primary, or proper,] meaning in this phrase is what here follows. (TA; and in like manner Bd says in iv. 52.) b5: And The سَحَاة [or integument, meaning the pellicle], (M, K, TA,) or the خَيْط [or thread, meaning the filament], (Bd in iv. 52,) that is in the شَقّ [or cleft, resembling a crease, which extends along one side] of the datestone: (M, K, TA: but for شَقّ, the CK has شِقّ:) ISk says, the قِطْمِير is the thin integument upon the date-stone, and, he adds, (T, TA, *) the فَتِــيل is what is in the شَقّ of the date-stone. (T, S, O, Msb, TA.) Hence, (M,) one says, مَا أُغْنِى

عَنْهُ فَتِــيلًا, (M, and so in the K except that the latter has عَنْكَ instead of عَنْهُ,) meaning [I do not avail, or profit, him, (or accord. to the K, thee,) or I do not stand, or serve, him (or thee) in stead,] as much as that سَحَاة, (M,) or a whit; (K;) and in like manner, ↓ فَتْــلَةً, (Th, M, K, [in the CK, erroneously, فَتِــيلَةً,]) and ↓ فَتَــلَةً. (IAar, M, K.) فَتِــيلَةٌ A wick (S, O, K) of a lamp: (T, Msb:) pl. فَتَــائِلُ and فَتِــيلَاتٌ. (Msb.) [Hence, حَجَرُ الــفَتِــيلَةِ Amiantus, or flexible asbestus, of which wicks are sometimes made. b2: And in the present day, فَتِــيلَةٌ also signifies A hempen match. b3: and A suppository.] b4: فَتَــائِلُ الرُّهْبَانِ is the name of A certain plant, the leaves of which are like [those of] the senna (السَّنَا), and its blossom is yellow. (TA.) b5: See also فَتِــيلٌ.

الــفَتَّــالٌ The [bird called] بُلْبُل [q. v.]. (T, O, K.) أَــفْتَــلُ, (S, M, O, K,) applied to the elbow, (S, M, O,) of a camel, (S, O,) or of a she-camel, (M,) [and app. to a he-camel,] Having what is termed فَتَــلٌ [expl. above]: (S, M, O, K:) fem.

فَتْــلَآءُ, (T, M, K,) applied to a she-camel, meaning having, in her arm, a wide separation from the side: (T, * TA:) or, so applied, heavy, and curved in the kind legs: (M, K:) [the pl. is فُتْــلٌ:] and one says قَوْمٌ فُتْــلُ الأَيْدِى [app. meaning Persons having the arms widely separated from the sides]. (S, O.) ذُبَالٌ مُــفَتَّــلٌ [Twisted wicks]: the epithet in this case is with teshdeed because applied to many things. (S, O, K.) مَــفْتُــولٌ: see فَتِــيلٌ. b2: [It also signifies (tropical:) Compact, or firm, in make; as though twisted; like مَجْدُولٌ and مَعْصُوبٌ:] you say رَجُلٌ مَــفْتُــولُ السَّاعِدِ A man strong [or firm or compact] in the ساعد [or fore arm]; as though it were twisted. (TA.)

فتــح

1 فَتَــحَ, (S, A, MA, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. فَتْــحٌ, (Msb,) He opened, (MA,) i. q. فَرَجَ, (Msb,) and [app. he unlocked,] contr. of أَغْلَقَ, (Msb, K,) a door; (S, A, MA, Msb;) and so ↓ فتّــح, and ↓ افتــتح; (K;) or you say ↓ فَتَّــحْتُ الأَبْوَابَ [I opened the doors], this verb being with teshdeed to denote multiplicity [of the objects]; (S;) and ↓ استــفتــح signifies the same as ↓ افتــتح; (S, * K;) i. e. each of these signifies he opened a door; (TK;) you say الشَّىْءَ ↓ اِسْتَــفْتَــحْتُ and ↓ اِــفْتَــتَحْتُهُ [I opened the thing; and the former signifies also I sought, or demanded, the opening of the thing]; (S, TA;) and البَابَ ↓ جَآءَ يَسْتَــفْتِــحُ [He came opening the door; or seeking, or demanding, the opening of the door; the latter being the more obvious meaning]. (A, TA.) b2: [Hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ لَا يُــفْتَــحُ العَيْنُ عَلَى مِثْلِهِ [Such a one, the eye will not be opened upon the like of him]. (A.) b3: And فَتَــحْتُ القَنَاةَ, inf. n. as above, I opened the conduit, in order that the water might run, and irrigate the seed-produce. (Msb.) b4: And فَتَــحَ بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهِ [He made an opening between his legs; he parted his legs; like فَرَجَ بَيْنَهُمَا]. (S in art. رهو.) b5: And فَتَــحَ أَصَابِعَ رِجْلَيْهِ [app. He parted his toes; if not a mistake for فَتَــخَ, as it seems probably to be from the fact of its being expl. as meaning] he inclined the ends of his toes towards the back, i. e. the upper part, of his foot. (Mgh.) b6: فَتَــحَتْ, said of a she-camel, [and of a sheep or goat (see فَتُــوحٌ),] She had wide orifices to her teats; as also ↓ افتــحت; (S, K;) and ↓ افتــتحت. (TK: but this I do not find in the K.) b7: [The following meanings are tropical.] b8: فَتَــحَ, (A, Msb, TA,) inf. n. فَتْــحٌ; (K;) and ↓ افتــتح; (K, TA;) (tropical:) [He laid open by invasion, to (عَلَى) such a person, or such a people, (see an ex. voce طَرَفٌ,) i. e.] he conquered, won, or took by force, (Msb,) a country (A, Msb, K, TA) of the unbelievers, (A, TA,) or of a people with whom there was war. (K, TA.) b9: [فَتَــحَهُ لَهُ (assumed tropical:) He granted it, permitted it, allowed it, or made it to be unrestricted, to him. See Ksh and Bd in xxxv. 2.] b10: فَتَــحَ المُشْكِلَ (assumed tropical:) He explained, or made clear, that which was dubious, or confused. (Bd in vii. 87.) And اِــفْتَــحْ سِرَّكَ عَلَىَّ لَا عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [Open, or reveal, thy secret to me; not to such a one]. (A, TA.) b11: [Hence,] فَتَــحَ عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He taught him, informed him, or acquainted him. (TA.) [You say, فَتَــحَ عَلَيْهِ بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) He taught him such a thing, informed him of it, or acquainted him with it.] b12: And hence, (TA,) (tropical:) [He prompted him; i. e.] he recited to him (namely, an Imám, A, Msb, or a reciter, A, TA) what he was unable to utter [by reason of forgetfulness], in order that he might know it. (Msb, TA. *) And فَتَــحَ عَلَى مَنِ اسْتَقْرَأَهُ (tropical:) [He recited something to him who desired him to do so, the latter being unable to do it]. (TA.) b13: And, said of God, (tropical:) He aided him against his enemy; or made him to be victorious, to conquer, or to overcome; syn. نَصَرَهُ. (A, Msb.) b14: فُتِــحَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) Such a one became fortunate; possessed of good fortune; favoured by the world, or by worldly circumstances. (A, TA.) b15: فَتَــحَ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فُتُــوحًا كَثِيرَةً (tropical:) is said of persons who have been rained upon [as meaning God bestowed upon them many, or abundant, first rains]. (A.) b16: فَتَــحَ بَيْنَهُمْ, (A,) or بَيْنَ النَّاسِ, (Msb,) or بَيْنَ الخَصْمَيْنِ, (K,) inf. n. فَتْــحٌ, (T, Msb, K,) and فُتَــاحَةٌ (S, * K) and فِتَــاحَةٌ are syn. therewith [app. as inf. ns.], (K,) and فُتُــوحَةٌ and فِتَــاحٌ, (L,) in the dial. of Himyer, (TA,) He judged (T, Msb, K, TA) between them, (A,) or between the men, (Msb,) or between the two litigants. (K.) You say, اِــفْتَــحْ بَيْنَنَا Judge thou between us: (S:) thus in the Kur vii. 87. (TA.) And مَا أَحْسَنَ فِتَــاحَتَهُ How good is his judging, or judgment ! (A.) b17: [فَتَــحَ الحَرْفَ, a conventional phrase in grammar and lexicology, He pronounced the letter with the vowel-sound termed فَتْــح: and he marked the letter with the sign of that vowel-sound.]2 فتّــح: see 1, first sentence, in two places. b2: [Also, said of a medicine &c., It opened the bowels; acted as an aperient: and it removed obstructions: see the act. part. n.]3 فاتحهُ [He addressed him first]. One says, المُلُوكُ لَا تُفَاتَحُ بِالكَلَامِ (tropical:) [Kings shall not be addressed first with speech]. (A.) b2: And, (A, K, * TA,) inf. n. مُفَاتَحَةٌ and فِتَــاحٌ, (assumed tropical:) He commenced a dispute, debate, discussion, or controversy, with him: (TA:) or (tropical:) he summoned him to the judge, and litigated with him. (A, K, * TA.) b3: And فاتحهُ signifies also (tropical:) He bargained with him and gave him nothing: in the case of his giving him, one says فاتكهُ. (IAar, TA; and O and K in art. فتــك.) b4: And فاتح (assumed tropical:) He compressed (K, TA) his wife. (TA.) b5: [Also (assumed tropical:) He rendered a thing easy: b6: and (assumed tropical:) He was liberal. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)]4 أَــفْتَــحَ see 1, in the second quarter of the paragraph.5 تَــفَتَّــحَ see 7, in three places. [Hence,] تــفتّــح النَّوْرُ The blossom [or blossoms] opened. (MA.) and تــفتّــح الأَكِمَّةُ عَنِ النَّوْرِ The calyxes burst open [from over the blossoms, so as to disclose them]. (TA.) b2: [تــفتّــح فِى الكَلَامِ is like our phrase (assumed tropical:) He showed off, or made an ostentatious display, in speech, or talk.] And you say, تــفتّــح بِمَا عِنْدَهُ مِنْ مَالٍ أَوْ أَدَبٍ (L, in the K مِنْ مُلْكٍ وَأَدَبٍ,) (assumed tropical:) He boasted of, or boasted himself in, or made a vain display of, what he had, or possessed, of wealth, or of good education, or polite accomplishments: (L, K: *) and تــفتّــح بِهِ عَلَيْنَا (assumed tropical:) He boasted of it, or boasted himself in it, against us. (L.) 6 تَفَاتَحَا كَلَامًا بَيْنَهُمَا (assumed tropical:) They two talked together with a suppressed voice, exclusively of others [i. e. so as not to be heard by others]. (K.) 7 انــفتــح quasi-pass. of فَتَــحَ, said of a door, (S, A, Msb, TA,) It opened, or became opened or open; (Msb;) as also ↓ تــفتّــح: (TA:) or the latter is quasi-pass. of فَتَّــحَ, so that you say, الأَبْوَابُ ↓ تَــفَتَّــحَتِ [The doors opened, or became opened or open]. (S.) b2: And انــفتــح عَنْهُ It (anything) became removed from over it, or from before it, (i. e. another thing,) so as to disclose it, or expose it to view. (TA.) [And ↓ تــفتّــح has a similar meaning, but is properly said of a number of things.]8 إِــفْتَــتَحَ see 1, first sentence, in three places; and again, in the second quarter of the paragraph, in two places. b2: One says also, افتــتح الصَّلَاةَ (tropical:) (A, MA) He opened, or commenced, prayer: (MA:) اِــفْتِــتَاحُ الصَّلَاةِ meaning (tropical:) The saying اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرْ the first time [in prayer, i. e., before the first recitation of the Opening Chapter of the Kur-án]. (TA.) And اِــفْتَــتَحْتُهُ بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) I commenced it with such a thing. (Msb.) And مَا أَحْسَنَ مَا افْتُــتِحَ عَامُنَا بِهِ (tropical:) [How good is that with which our year has commenced !]; said when the sign, or token, [or prognostic,] of plenty, or abundance of herbage, has appeared. (A, TA.) 10 إِسْتَــفْتَــحَ see 1, first sentence, in three places. b2: آتِى بَابَ الجَنَّةِ فَأَسْتَــفْتِــحُ is a saying of Mohammad, meaning I shall come to the gate of Paradise and seek, or demand, or ask for, the opening thereof. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer, the first of the trads. mentioned therein, and thus expl. in the margin of a copy of that work.) b3: استــفتــحهُ القُرْآنَ (tropical:) He desired, or asked, him to explain the Kur-án. (MA.) b4: استــفتــحهُ الإِمَامُ (tropical:) [The Imám desired, or asked, him to prompt him; i. e., to recite to him what he was unable to utter by reason of forgetfulness: see فَتَــحَ عَلَيْهِ]. (A, TA.) b5: And استــفتــح signifies also (assumed tropical:) He sought, desired, demanded, or asked, aid against an enemy, or victory. (S, Msb, K.) One says, استــفتــح بِهِمْ (assumed tropical:) He sought, &c., aid, or victory, by means of them. (L, from a trad.) And استــفتــح اللّٰهَ (tropical:) (A, TA) He desired, or asked, God to grant aid, or victory, (TA,) لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَى الكُفَّارِ [to the Muslims against, or over, the unbelievers]. (A.) b6: Also (assumed tropical:) He sought, desired, demanded, or asked, judgment. (L.) فَتْــحٌ inf. n. of فَتَــحَ [q. v.]. (Msb, &c.) b2: [As a subst.,] (tropical:) Conquest of a country: (K, TA:) pl. فُتُــوحٌ (TA) [and pl. pl. فُتُــوحَاتٌ]. يَوْمٌ الــفَتْــحِ means particularly (assumed tropical:) The day of the conquest of Mekkeh: (L:) and also (assumed tropical:) The day of resurrection. (Mujáhid, L.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Aid against an enemy; or victory; syn. نَصْرٌ; as also ↓ فَتَــاحَةٌ. (K.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Means of subsistence, with which God gives aid: pl. as above. (TA.) b5: (tropical:) The first of the rain called الوَسْمِىّ; (L, K;) as also ↓ فَتُــوحٌ [which see again in what follows]: (K:) or the first of any rain; as also ↓ فُتْــحَةٌ: (L:) pl. of the first فُتُــوحٌ, (A,) or ↓ فَتُــوحٌ, with fet-h to the ف, (L,) [see the mention of this voce فَيْحٌ,] but MF strongly reprobates this latter form, and observes that فَعُولٌ as a pl. measure is absolutely unknown. (TA.) One says, أَصَابَتِ الأَرْضُ فُتُــوحٌ (tropical:) [First rains fell upon the land]. (A.) b6: (tropical:) Water running (S, K, TA) from a spring or other source: (S, TA:) or water running upon the surface of the earth: (AHn, TA:) or water for which a channel is opened to a tract of land for its irrigation thereby: (L:) or a river, or rivulet, or canal of running water. (T, TA.) مَا سُقِىَ بِالــفَتْــحِ فَفِيهِ العُشْرُ, and مَا سُقِىَ فَتْــحًا, (L,) فَتْــحًا being here in the accus. case as an inf. n., i. e. مَا فُتِــحَ إِلَيْهِ مَآءُ الأَنْهَارِ فَتْــحًا, (Mgh, L, *) occurring in a trad., means In the case of that (relating to the several sorts of seed-produce, and palm-trees,) which is irrigated by means of the channel opened to conduct to it the water of the river [or rivers], the tithe [of the produce shall be taken]. (L.) b7: The place of insertion of the tang of the iron head that enters into the shaft of an arrow: (K, * TA:) pl. as above. (TA.) b8: The fruit of the tree called نَبْع, resembling the حَبَّة خَضْرَآء [or fruit of the pistachia terebinthus], (K, TA,) except that it is red, sweet, and round; eaten by men. (TA.) b9: [As a conventional term in grammar and lexicology, A certain vowel-sound, well-known: and ↓ فَتْــحَةٌ signifies The sign of that vowel-sound.]

فُتُــحٌ a word of the measure فُعُلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (S.) You say بَابٌ فُتُــحٌ A wide, open, door: (S, K:) or a large, wide, door. (Msb.) And قَارُورَةٌ فُتُــحٌ A wide-headed bottle or flash: (S, K:) or a bottle, or flash, having neither a stopper nor a case: (Ks, S, Msb, K:) because, if so, it is open. (TA.) فَتْــحَةٌ: see فَتْــحٌ, last sentence.

فُتْــحَةٌ An opening, or intervening space; syn. فُرْجَةٌ: pl. فُتَــحٌ. (Msb.) b2: See also فَتْــحٌ. b3: Also (assumed tropical:) A boasting of, or boasting oneself in, or making a vain display of, what one has, or possesses, of wealth, or of good education, or polite accomplishments. (L, K, * TA.) One says, مَا هٰذِهِ الــفُتْــحَةُ الَّتِى أَظْهَرْتَهَا (assumed tropical:) What is this boasting, &c., which thou hast exhibited? (L.) IDrd thinks it to be not [genuine] Arabic. (L.) فَتْــحَى Gain, profit, or increase obtained in traffic; syn. رِبْحٌ; [so accord. to the L; accord. to the copies of the K, erroneously, رِيحٌ i. e. “ wind; ”] mentioned by Az, on the authority of Ibn-Buzurj: a poet says, أَكُلُّهُمُ لَا بَارَكَ اللّٰهُ فِيهِمُ

إِذَا ذُكِرَتْ فَتْــحَى مِنَ البَيْعِ عَاجِبُ [Are all of them, (may God not bless them,) when gain arising from selling is mentioned, in a state of wonder?]. (L.) فَتُــوحٌ A she-camel having wide orifices to her teats; (S, K;) and so a ewe or a she-goat: pl. فُتْــحٌ. (TA.) b2: See also فَتْــحٌ, in two places.

فَتَــاحَةٌ: see فَتْــحٌ, fourth sentence.

فُتَــاحَةٌ [see 1, near the end].

A2: الــفُتَــاحَةُ, thus in the L and other lexicons, without ى after the ح, but in the K ↓ الــفُتَــاحِيَةُ, there said to be with damm and without teshdeed, (TA,) A certain bird, different from that called الــفَتَّــاحُ, (K, TA,) tinged with redness. (TA.) فِتَــاحَةٌ [see 1, near the end]. b2: [As a subst.,] (tropical:) The office of judge: one says, فُلَانٌ وُلِّىَ الــفِتَــاحَةَ (tropical:) Such a one was appointed to the office of judge. (A, TA.) b3: And [(tropical:) Litigation, or altercation:] one says, بَيْنَهُمَا فِتَــاحَاتٌ (tropical:) Between them two are litigations, or altercations. (A, TA.) الــفُتَــاحِيَةُ: see الــفُتَــاحَةُ.

فَتَّــاحٌ [An opener: and an unlocker. b2: and hence, (assumed tropical:) A conquerer. b3: And], in the dial. of Himyer, (TA,) (tropical:) A judge; one who decides between litigants: (S, Msb, K, TA:) it is like ↓ فَاتِحٌ, but [this signifies simply judging, and the former] has an intensive signification. (Msb.) الــفَتَّــاحُ, as an epithet applied to God, in the Kur xxxiv. 25, means (assumed tropical:) The Judge: or, accord. to IAth, (assumed tropical:) the Opener of the gates of sustenance and of mercy to his servants. (TA.) b4: بَيْتٌ فَتَّــاحٌ means A wide, or an ample, house or tent. (El-Fáïk, TA.) b5: And الــفَتَّــاحُ signifies A certain bird, (K,) which is black, and which moves about its tail much, or often; white in the base of the tail, beneath it; and there is a sort thereof red; (TA;) also called أُمُّ عَجْلَانَ: (O in art. عجل:) pl. فَتَــاتِيحُ, (K,) to which is added in the K, “without ا and ل; ”

but there is no reason why it should not have ال prefixed to it; and perhaps it should be correctly “ without ا and ت,” i. e. it is not pluralized with ا and ت [as an affix to the sing.], as in the L &c. (MF, TA.) فَاتِحٌ [Opening: &c.]: see فَتَّــاحٌ.

فَاتِحَةٌ (tropical:) The commencement, or first part, of a thing: (S, A, * K:) pl. فَوَاتِحُ. (A.) فَاتِحَةُ الكِتَابِ, (Msb,) or فَاتِحَةُ القُرْآنِ, (TA,) [and simply الفَاتِحَةُ, (assumed tropical:) The opening chapter, or exordium, of the Kur-án,] is [said to be] so called because the recitation in prayer is commenced therewith. (Msb.) One says also, قَرَأَ فَاتِحَةَ السُّورَةِ وَخَاتِمَتَهَا (tropical:) He recited the first part, or portion, of the chapter of the Kur-án and its last part, or portion. (A.) And فَوَاتِحُ القُرْآنِ signifies (tropical:) The first parts, or portions, of the chapters of the Kur-án. (K, TA.) [See also مُــفْتَــتَحٌ.]

مَــفْتَــحٌ A place in which things are reposited, stowed, laid up, kept, preserved, or guarded; a repository; syn. خِزَانَةٌ and مَخْزَنٌ: [and a hoard; syn. خَزِينَةٌ:] and treasure; or buried property; syn. كَنْزٌ: (K, TA:) pl., in both senses, مَفَاتِحُ. (TA.) The pl. as occurring in the Kur xxviii. 76 is said to signify treasures or buried property (كُنُوز) and hoards (خَزَائِن [as pl. of خَزِينَةٌ, not of خِزَانَةٌ]): or hoards (خَزَاوئن) of wealth, which Az says is the most probable meaning: (L, TA:) or it there means keys, as pl. of ↓ مِــفْتَــحٌ; (Ksh, Bd;) and it is said that they were of skins, of the measure of the finger, and were borne upon sixty mules, (Ksh, L, TA,) or seventy; but this is not a valid explanation. (L, TA.) مِــفْتَــحٌ see the next preceding paragraph, and the next but one following; the latter in two places. b2: Also A conduit (قَنَاة) of water. (TA.) مُــفَتِّــحٌ, applied to a medicine &c., Aperient; having the property of opening the bowels: and مُــفَتِّــحٌ لِلسُّدَدِ deobstruent; having the property of removing obstructions.]

مِــفْتَــاحٌ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ مِــفْتَــحٌ (Msb, K) A key; an instrument with which a lock is opened; (Msb;) [a key] of a door; and of anything that is closed, or locked; (S;) an instrument for opening, (K, TA,) i. e. anything with which a thing is opened: (TA:) pl. of the former مَفَاتِيحُ and مفَاتِحُ, said by Akh to be similar to أَمَانِىُّ and أَمَانٍ; (S;) or مفاتيح is pl. مِــفْتَــاحٌ, and مفاتح is pl. of ↓ مِــفْتَــحٌ [as well as of مَــفْتَــحٌ]. (Msb.) b2: مِــفْتَــاحُهَا الطُّهُورُ, said by the Prophet, in relation to prayer, means (tropical:) That which is as though it were the key thereof is the thing [or water] with which one purifies himself; being the means of removing the legal impurity that prevents one's addressing himself boldly to the act of prayer. (Msb.) b3: And أُوِتِيتُ مَفَاتِيحَ الكَلِمِ, or مَفَاتِحَ الكَلِمِ, accord. to different relaters, occurring in a trad., i. e. I have been given the keys of words, means [I have been given] an easy faculty, granted by God, for the acquirement of eloquence and chasteness of speech, and the attaining to the understanding of obscure meanings, and novel and admirable kinds of knowledge, and the beauties of expressions and phrases, which are closed against others, and difficult to be learnt by them. (L.) b4: And المِــفْتَــاحُ signifies also (assumed tropical:) A certain brand upon the thigh and neck (K, TA) of a camel, in the form of what is [properly] thus called. (TA.) مَــفْتُــوحٌ An opened, or unclosed, [and an unlocked,] door. (Msb.) b2: [And (assumed tropical:) A light, or bright, colour; a meaning probably post-classical. b3: For other significations, see its verb.]

مَفَاتِيحُ, (unparalleled [in form] among sing. words, MF,) applied to a she-camel, Fat: pl. مَفَاتِيحَاتٌ: (K:) mentioned by Seer.(TA.) مُــفْتَــتَحٌ is an inf. n. [signifying The act of opening and commencing &c.]: and a n. of place and of time [signifying a place of opening and commencing &c. and a time thereof: and also the opening portion of the Kur-án; as shown voce خَاتَمٌ, q. v.]: and is a commonly-known and chaste word: though it has been said that مُخْتَتَمٌ [which has the contr. significations] is not a chaste word: (TA in the present art.:) this, however, is not correct; for it is a chaste word, and of frequent occurrence. (TA in art. ختم.) يَوْمٌ مُنْــفَتِــحٌ بَالمَآءِ (tropical:) A day [of clouds] bursting, or opening vehemently, with rain. (A.) b2: الحُرُوفُ المُنْــفَتِــحَةُ (assumed tropical:) The letters of which the utterance requires the opening of [that part of the mouth which is called] the حَنَك; (TA;) all the letters of the alphabet except ص, ض, ط, and ظ. (K, TA.)

فتــح: فتــح: ثقب كرة وجعل فيها منفذاً وباباً (بوشر) وفي تاريخ تونس (ص920) في الكلام عن الداي: وفتــح باب البنات وبني خارجه سوقاً. ويقال أيضا: فتــح بيوتاً في باطن السور أي شق السور السميك وبنى في داخله بيوتاً (ابن بطوطة 135:2).
فتــح: كان أول من اشترى (بوشر).
فتــح: أخلى الميناء ويقال: فتــح مينا، (بوشر).
فتــح: كشف ما تراكم من تراب وأزاله، وأزال الطين والوحل. (ألكالا).
فتــح: أصلح، رقم، رأب، رقق، رفأ، (ألكالا).
فتــح: فتــح الله لفلان فتــحاً: ألهمه. ففي المقري (943:1): أفتــح لي فتــحاً تنور به قلبي. ويقال أيضا: فتــح على فلان. (المقدمة 256:3).
فتــح الله في: سمح، أذن في، ففي البيان (97:1) فأن فتــح في الدعاء فقد أذن في الإجابة.
فتــح: استجاب، قبل، أجاب إلى: ففي رياض النفوس (ص94 و): فصلى ما فتــحه الله أي صلى صلاة قبلها الله.
فتــح الله لي في العلم أو العمل: قبل الله دعائي في أن أصبح عالماً وأن أعمل صالحاً، (المقري 487:1، 488).
فتــح ب: في ابن العوام (545:1): في وقت فتــح الأشجار بالنور (بالنوار في مخطوطة ل) والورق، أي في وقت بدأ الأشجار تتــفتــح لتظهر أزهارها وأوراقها.
فتــح على فلان ب: تصدق عليه ب، أحسن إليه إحساناً غير متوقع. (ابن بطوطة 19:1، 24:2، ألف ليلة: 290:1، 195:2). وفي رياض النفوس (ص58 ق): وقال هذه خمسون ديناراً مثاقيل بعث بهما (بها) إليكما وفتــح بها عليكما، ويقال: فتــح الله بمعنى وفقك الله في صيد السمك (ألف ليلة برسل 96:4).
يــفتــح الله: جواب التاجر المألوف حين يرفض الثمن الذي قدمه له المشتري (= هذا قليل جداً) (ألف ليلة 421:1، 116:2) وهذا قول موجز لم يحسن برتون (74:1) تفسيره. وبمقارنة ما جاء في (برسل 303:10) بما جاء في (ماكن 294:4) يتبين أنه (يــفتــح الله عليَّ بغير بيعه) أي ليوفقني الله فلا أبيع هذا الشيء بهذا الثمن. وهذا التعبير يعني أيضا: لا لن تأخذ شيئاً.
وكذلك يقال للكمدي حين يراد عدم إعطائه شيئاً: يــفتــح الله عليك. (ألف ليلة 259:1) وفي رياض النفوس (ص80 و) أن طفلاً أراد أن تشتري له أمه حلوى فقالت له: يــفتــح الله فأخذ يبكي. ويــفتــح الله لها أيضا معنى آخر، فحين يسأل شخص (أين تذهب، فيجيبه: (يــفتــح الله) أي إلى حيث يهديني الله.) (هاي ص2).
فتــح باباً أو سيرة: فتــح الحديث في المسألة، كان أو من تكلم فيها. (بوشر).
فتــح معه سيرة: عقد الحديث. وأصل الكلام (بوشر).
فتــح معه باباً أو كلاماً: بادر إلى الأمر وسبقه إليه (بوشر). فتــح باباً: تعرض للأمر ومهد له. ومجازاً كان أول من سعى في الأمر وابتدأ فيه (بوشر).
فتــح باب: تمهيد، الخطوات الأولى للإصلاح والتوفيق. (بوشر).
فتــح له باب أو سيرة: قدم له عرضاً للمفاوضة ودعاه إليه. (بوشر).
فتــح باباً ل: ولد، سبب. (بوشر).
فتــح عليه بابا في السحر (أنظره في مادة باب). وكذلك: فتــح الدارات. (المقرئ 234:3).
فتــح افتــتاحاً: جرب، مهد. مرن. وتستعمل مجازاً بمعنى بدأ بالأقل شأناً وأهمية. (بوشر).
فتــح بنتاً: أفرعها، أزال بكارتها. (بوشر، ألف ليلة 884:4).
فتــح الحرب: بدأ الحرب. (بوشر).
فتــح دعوى على: أقام عليه الدعوى. (بوشر).
فتــح سكة: شق طريقاً ومهده. (بوشر).
فتــح سيفه: سل سيفه. (أبو الوليد ص594).
فتــح يده في السوط: تناول السوط. (عنتر ص58). فتــح صدره: صرخ بكل ما يضمر، تكلم بصراحة (بوشر).
فتــح عينه: أدبه، هذبه. ومجازاً: أنشأه ونشأه. (بوشر، فوك).
فتــح العين: نبه الذهن. (بوشر).
فتــح العقل: استــفتــح العقل وجعله أقدر على الفهم وأشد تنبها. (بوشر).
فتــح الفال: تفاءل، وتكهن، وخمن. (بوشر، همبرت ص89، 157).
فتــح فتــوحات كثيرة: قام بحروب كثيرة ونجح فيها واستولى على بلاد كثيرة وتملكها. (معجم أبي الفداء).
فتــح القلوع: نشر الأشرعة. (همبرت ص120).
فتــح كياً: كوى. (بوشر).
فتــح (بالتشديد): فتــح الزهر: تــفتــح، فغر، فقح، تفقح. (بوشر، المقري 383:1، فليشر بريشت ص185، 271، ياقوت 904:3).
تــفتــيح في مصطلح الخياطة: غرز الإبرة، حسب رأي دي سلان (المقدة 327:3، 309:3).
فاتح: فاتحه بالكلام: بدأه بالكلام وحادثه. (بوشر، عبد الواحد ص174، المقري 396:2).
فاتح البيع: ذكرت في ديوان الهذليين (13، البيت الخامس) مع الشرح في (ص14).
تــفتــح. تــفتــح البرق: لمع البرق ولمحة. (الكامل ص73) انــفتــح: أفضى إلى، أدى إلى، وانشق وإن فرز.
يقال: انــفتــح الدمل. (بوشر) انــفتــح: أخرق، تصدع. ففي رياض النفوس (ص88 ق) في الكلام عن لوح في المركب فانــفتــح لنا لوح فرجعنا إلى قمودة وفزعنا بعض الشحنة أو الشحنة كلها ثم أصلحنا المركب. وفيه بلغنا أن قلوبكم ضعــفت لما نالكم من انــفتــاح المركب - ومن هذا استعملوا كلمة انــفتــاح بمعنى غرق (ألكالا) وعند أماري (ديب ص223) يجب إبدال كلمة أصلح بكلمة انــفتــح فتــكون العبارة: وإذا انــفتــح لهم مركب من ريح عرضت، وكذلك يجب إبدال إنضاج بكلمة انــفتــح في (ص228) لأن الترجمة الإيطالية القديمة تنص ص 390 على: بسبب الغرق.
انــفتــاح القلب: إباحة القلب بأسراره ومكاشــفتــه بها. (بوشر).
انــفتــح إلي: مال إلي، فيه شبه من. ففي رحلة ابن جبير (ص86) في كلامه عن لوحين (بلاطتين) من المرمر الأخضر: فيهما نكت تنــفتــح عن لونهما إلى الصفرة قليلاً كأنها تجريع.
افتــتح: افتــتح خاتمة الأمر: خمن خاتمة الأمر. (فالتون ص35، ص69 رقم 2).
انــفتــح: استــفتــح، طلب فتــح الباب. ففي رياض النفوس (ص82 ق): ولم يكن يــفتــح بابه قبل وقت الصلاة فجلسنا على باب البيت فطال علينا الأمر فافتــتح رجل أندلسي كان معنا بصوت حزين فسمعنا للشيخ حركة وبكاء وشهيقاً ثم فتــح الباب.
استــفتــح: كتب مقدمة الكتاب وفاتحته (ألكالا).
استــفتــح: استلم أولى مبلغ في يومه من البيع (بوشر).
استــفتــح: فتــح البلاد واستولى عليها. (فوك) فتــح: أبو الــفتــوحات: فاتح. (بوشر) فتــح: خرق، شق، فلق، صدع. (بوشر).
فتــح: ثاني حراثة للأرض. (ابن العوام 92). فتــح، والجمع فتــوح، وجمع الجمع فتــوحات: صدقة، حسنة. وفي المعجم اللاتيني العربي ( stapes فتــح ورزق). (ابن بطوطة 19:2، 275 المقري 710:2).
فتــح، والجمع فتــوح وجمع الجمع فتــوحات: فضل من الله يمنحه للمتصوفة الذين بلغوا أقصى الدرجات من الحياة الروحية (دي سلان المقدمة 91:3 رقم 4) والنص في المقدمة (64:3) (المقري 573:1) وربما ميرسنج (ص26) أيضا، وقد حرفت فيه كلمة القرني.
فتــح الباب: عند المنجمين عبارة عن نظر الكوكبين اللذين بيوتهما متقابلة كنظر المشتري وعطارد. (محيط المحيط).
فتــحة: ثقبة، فرجة، فجوة، ثغرة. (بوشر).
فتــحة: ثقب صغير لمرور القيطان. (بوشر).
فتــحة: فتــحة في السد لمرور السفن. (بوشر).
فتــحة الحلق: فم الحنجرة. زردوم. (بوشر).
فتــوح: بدأ المزاد. افتــتاح المزاد أول سعر يقدم في المزاد. (بوشر).
فتــوح: أجرة، جعالة، معاش، كراء، راتب. (ألكالا، ألف ليلة برسل 215:11).
فتــاح: مبالغة فاتح، الذي يكثر الــفتــح. (بوشر).
فتــاح الفال: المتكهن بالمستقبل، بوهيمي. (بوشر، همبرت ص89).
فاتح: ضد غامق، يقال: لون فاتح. (بوشر).
فاتح: عقبة، حجر عثرة، صخور البحر (ألكالا).
فاتح باب كبير: رجل يعيش عيشة باذخة، وكثر حشمة وكثرت نفقاته وعاش بزهو. (بوشر).
فاتح الفال: كاهن، عراف، زاجر الطير، ضارب الرمل، (بوشر، همبرت ص157).
فاتحة: مقدمة، استهلال، مدخل، تمهيد، ديباجة. (بوشر).
فاتحة: فاتحة القداس، بدأ القداس، بدأة القداس. (بوشر).
فاتحة: تمهيد وتوطئة لعقد المعاهدة، ما يجب الاتفاق عليه قبل عقد المعاهدة. (بوشر).
فاتحة الخلاف: أول من بدأ الثورة. (ابن الأغلب ص38). الفاتحة في صحائف من يذوق روحه: طوبى لمن عرف قدر نفسه، فليحي من عرف قدره (بوشر).
مــفتــح الماء: سكر، باب متحرك حول محور منظم جريان الماء. (محيط المحيط) في مادة بست.
خط مــفتــح: خط مستقيم. (فوك).
مــفتــاح: مقلد القانون، مــفتــاح القانون الآلة الموسيقية. (صفة مصر 300:13).
مــفتــاح: رائد (مقبض لإدارة آلة) في أخمص القذافة وهي قوس قديمة لقذف السهام والكرات والحجارة وغيرها، الجريدة الآسيوية (1848: 208:2).
المــفتــاح الناري: شرارة (المعجم اللاتيني العربي) وآلة حربية ترمى النار. (فوك).
مــفتــاح: قفل، غلق. (كرتاس ص39).
مــفتــاح: استعملت استعمالاً غريباً في تاريخ البربر ففيه (282:1) اجتمع إليه قبائل غمارة وصنهاجة مــفتــاح. ويرى السيد دي سلان أنها تعنى الأمر، وهذا بعيد الاحتمال.
مــفتــوح، بالمــفتــوح: بصراحة: بوضوح، جهراً، علانية، بإخلاص. (بوشر).
مــفتــوح العين: لبيب، أريب، بصير، فطن. (فوك) ومحترس، حذر، يقظ. (ألكالا).
فهمه مــفتــوح: سهل الفهم، قريب المأخذ (بوشر).
يده مــفتــوحة: كريم، جواد (بوشر).
المــفتــوح في علم الحساب: العدد المتناظر، المشترك المقياس (محيط المحيط).
الحساب المــفتــوح: علم الحساب. (ابن خلكان 23:9) وانظر الترجمة (474:3 رقم 2). والمــفتــوحات أيضا (محيط المحيط) والمــفتــوح عند أهل الرمل: شكل إحدى مراتبه فرد والباقي أزواج (محيط المحيط) وانظر مسدود.
مفاتحة: مراسلة، مكاتبة. ففي كتاب ابن عبد الملك (ص125 ق): وكانت بينه وبين جماعة من أدباء عصره من أهل مالقة وغيرهم مفاتحات ومراجعات نظماً ونثراً.
مفاتحة الصلح: وعد بالصلح. (بوشر).
افتــتاح: بدء: استهلال، تمهيد، مقدمة. (بوشر) وانظر مادة فتــح.
افتــتاحي: تدشيني، تمهيدي: إعدادي (بوشر)، الانــفتــاح عند الأطباء: انشقاق العرق في رأسه (محيط المحيط).
استــفتــاح: أول ما يستلمه البائع في يومه. (بوشر، معجم هابيشت في الجزء الرابع من طبعته لكتاب ألف ليلة).
حرف الاستــفتــاح: عند النحاة: ألا (محيط المحيط).
استــفتــاحي: إلا الاستــفتــاحية. (ابن عقيل ص92) وانظر ما تقدم.

فتــق: فتــق البحر: خرب السدود، فاض وطغى ماؤه. (المقري 443:1).
فتــق السجون: فتــح السجون وأطلق السجناء (ابن الأغلب ص18).
فتــق اللسان: أطلق اللسان بالكلام. (المقدمة 3. 379). وقد صححها السيد دي سلان.
فتــق نهراً: حفر فتــاة. (معجم البلاذري).
فتــقه بكذا: اختصار فتــقه فجاء بكذا أي ساعده أو قواه، أو وثق به. (ويجزر عند فالتون ص رقم 49 رقم 3).
فتــق له العقل أن: أدرك أن، فهم أن. (كليلة ودمنة ص39).
فتــق: شحذ، سن، ذرب (ديوان الهذلين ص10).
فتــق: أثار الشهية إلى الطعام والشهوة إليه ففي ابن الجوزي (ص145 و): الزيتون الأسود النضيج يــفتــق (كذا) الشهوة ويقوي المعد. وفيه: البصل يــفتــق الشهوة. وفي ابن البيطار (50، ص70): يــفتــق شهوة الطعام. فيه (ص144): البصل المخلل فاتق الشهوة جداً وفيه (184:2): ويؤكل ليقوي البطن ويــفتــق الشهوة.
فتــق: أنظر عن المعنى الثاني الذي ذكره فريتاج رسالتي إلي فليشر (ص167).
فتــق: غادر الجيش والمعسكر سراً، ويقال أيضا فتــق من. ففي حيان (ص60 و): استعجل سليمان - الفرار من بينهم لما أن صار العسكر بازاء قرمونة فــفتــقه ليلاً وخرج إلى بلده. وفيه (ص101 و): فــفتــق كثير من المسلمين تلك الليلة من المحلة وهربوا على وجوههم. وفيه: فكل من فتــق منهم في تلك الليلة أخذ فقتل أو أسر.
ويقال أيضا: فتــق على فلان، ففي حيان (ص73 ق): فلما أجنهم الليل فتــق عليه أهل استجة الذين كانوا معه لما ذهب الجزع ونقبوا بجوفي الحصن نقباً الخرق عليهم بــفتــقهم.
فتــق (بالتشديد): أثار الشهوة إلى الطعام. ففي معجم المنصوري مادة كامخ: يؤكل قبل الغذاء وأثناءه لتــفتــيق الشهوة.
فتــق: فتــق بالمعنى الثاني الذي ذكره فريتاج، وفي معجم المنصوري: مكفر هو الدواء الذي يــفتــق بالكافور كالمسك من المسك.
أفتــق: أفتــق السحاب: إذا انكشف انكشافه فكانت فيه فرجة يسيرة بين السحابتين. (الكامل ص460).
فتــق: فتــحة، ثغرة، ثقب، فرج، فرجة. والجمع فتــوق. انظره في مادة (ريطة).
فتــق، والجمع فتــوق: شق أو فتــحة في جدار البطن يبرز منها جزء من الأمعاء. وعند دومب (ص89) فتــق. (بوشر، الجريدة الآسيوية (1853،: 349).
فتــق: نقض الخياطة في الثوب حتى ينفصل بعضه من بعض. (بوشر).
فتــقة، عند البربر: قطعة من قماش تكون اثنتان منها فزدة، وتستعمل بمثابة النقود. (بركهارت نوبيه ص214).
فتــاق: فتــق، فتــحة في جدار البطن يبرز منها جزء من الأمعاء. (بوشر، محيط المحيط).
مــفتــقة: طعام يعمل من العسل والزبد وزيت السمسم والأفاويه والبندق المشوي (لين عادات (307:2).

فتــق

1 فَتَــقَهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ and فَتِــقَ, [the former of which is the more common,] (Msb, TA,) inf. n. فَتْــقٌ, (S, O, Msb,) He slit it, rent it, rent it asunder or open, or divided it lengthwise: (S, O, K:) disjoined it, or disunited it: (TA:) or undid the sewing of it, unsewed it, or unstitched it: (Msb:) contr. of رَتَقَهُ: (O, TA:) and ↓ فتّــقهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَــفْتِــيقٌ, (S, O,) is like it in signification, (S, O, Msb, K,) but means he did so much, or many times. (Msb.) It is said of the heavens and the earth, in the Kur [xxi. 31], كَانَتَا رَتْقًا فَــفَتَــقْنَاهُمَا [expl. in art. رتق]. (O, TA.) b2: And (hence, TA) الــفَتْــقُ signifies (tropical:) The effecting of disunion and dissension among the community (T, S, O, K, TA) of the Muslims, (T, TA,) and the befalling of war (S, O, K, TA) among them, (S, O,) after verbal agreement respecting war on the frontier, or some other thing, (T, TA,) with the occurring of wounds and bloodsheddings. (TA.) One says, فَتَــقَ فُلَانٌ بَيْنَهُمْ Such a one effected disunion, &c., between them, or among them, (TK.) b3: And sometimes it means (tropical:) The dissolving of a compact, or covenant. (TA.) b4: فَتَــقَ العَجِينَ He put leaven such as is termed فِتَــاق [q. v.] into the dough. (Lth, O, K.) b5: فَتَــقَ المِسْكَ, (S, O, TA,) aor. ـُ (PS, [in the TA in the next following instance فَتَــقَ, an evident mistranscription,]) inf. n. فَتْــقٌ, He drew forth the odour of the musk [or increased its fragrance]

بِغَيْرِهِ by the admixture of some other thing: (S, O, TA:) and فَتَــقَ الطِّيبَ, and الدُّهْنَ, he rendered fragrant, and mixed, [or rendered fragrant by mixing,] with aloes-wood &c., the perfume, and the oil. (TA.) A2: فَتِــقَتِ المَرْأَةُ, aor. ـَ (TK,) inf. n. فَتَــقٌ, (S, Mgh, O, K, TK,) The woman was, or became, such as is termed فَتْــقَآء; (S, Mgh, O, K;) contr. of رَتِقَت. (TK.) b2: And فَتِــقَ العَامُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. فَتَــقٌ, (tropical:) The year was, or became, abundant with herbage. (S, * O, * K, TA.) It is related by Abu-l-Jowzà that the people were afflicted with drought, and complained to 'Áïsheh, who directed them to make an aperture towards the sky in the tomb of the Prophet, and they did so, and thereupon it rained so that the herbage grew, and the camels became fat to such a degree that they became swollen, or inflated, in the flanks (تَــفَتَّــقَتْ); whence it [the year] was called عَامُ الــفَتَــقِ. (O, TA.) 2 فَتَّــقَ see the preceding paragraph, first sentence: b2: and see also فُتُــقٌ. b3: فتّــق الكَلَامَ (tropical:) He rectified the language; or trimmed it, and removed its faults, or defects: or, as Zj says, he made its meaning clear. (TA.) 4 افتــق, said of a man, (TA,) or of a party of men, (O,) He was one, or they were persons, whose beasts were become fat (O, K, TA) so that they became swollen, or inflated, in the flanks (تَــفَتَّــقَتْ) (O, TA) by reason of the abundance of the herbage: (TA:) mentioned by AA. (O, TA.) b2: Said of the upper limb (قَرْن) of the sun [app. when a little above the eastern horizon], It reached a rent (فَتْــق) in the clouds, and appeared therefrom. (ISk, S, O, K.) And, said of the moon, It appeared, after concealment, between two black clouds. (IAar, TA.) b3: Also, said of a party of men, They had the clouds parted asunder from [over] them. (S, O, K.) b4: And أَــفْتَــقْنَا We found, or lighted on a فَتْــق, i. e. a place upon which rain had not fallen when it had fallen upon what was around it. (S, O, K. *) And We had no rain fallen upon our parts of the country when other parts had rain fallen upon them. (TA.) b5: And افتــق (tropical:) He went forth to a فَتْــق, or an open, and a spacious, place: (O, K, TA:) a verb, in this sense, similar to أَصْحَرَ and أَفْضَى. (O, TA.) A2: Also (tropical:) He became harassed by ↓ فُتُــوق, meaning such evils as poverty and debt (O, K, TA) and hunger (O, TA) and disease. (K, TA.) A3: And He cleaned his teeth with the فِتَــاق, or stem, or lower part, of the raceme of a palm-tree. (IAar, O, K. *) 5 تَــفَتَّــقَ see 7. b2: تــفتّــقت المَاشِيَةُ and ↓ انــفتــقت (assumed tropical:) The cattle became swollen, or inflated, in the flanks, by reason of fatness: in consequence of their becoming so, they die; or, sometimes, they become free from the disease: (TA:) one says of a camel, تــفتّــق سِمَنًا. (As, S, O, K.) And تــفتّــقت خَوَاصِرُ الغَنَمِ (assumed tropical:) The flanks of the sheep, or goats, became dilated by reason of much pasturing upon herbs, or leguminous plants. (TA.) It is said in a description of the Prophet, كَانَ فِى خَاصِرَتَيْهِ

↓ انْــفِتَــاقٌ, (O, TA,) meaning (assumed tropical:) [There was in his flanks] a flaccidity, or laxness: or a swollen, or an inflated, state: (O:) or a dilatation, which is approved in men, but disapproved in women. (TA.) b3: تــفتّــق بِالكَلَامِ [see فُتُــقٌ] (tropical:) He was diffuse, or profuse, in speech [as though bursting therewith]. (TA.) 7 انــفتــق quasi-pass. of فَتَــقَهُ [i. e. it signifies It became slit, rent, rent asunder or open, or divided lengthwise: became disjoined, or disunited: or became unsewed, or unstitched]: (S, * O, Msb, K: *) and ↓ تــفتّــق is quasi-pass. of فتّــقهُ [i. e. it signifies it became slit, &c., much, or in many places, or it is said of a number of things]. (S, * O, K. *) b2: انــفتــقت آبَاطُهُ is said of a fat child [meaning His armpits became chapped, or cracked]. (S in art. ضب.) b3: انــفتــق الغَيْمُ عَنِ الشَّمْسِ (O, K, TA) i. e. [The clouds became parted asunder, or] became removed, or cleared away, from [before] the sun: (TA:) and عَنِ القَوْمِ [from over the party of men]. (S, O, K.) b4: انــفتــقت عَلَيْهِ بَائِقَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [A calamity, misfortune, or disaster, burst upon him]. (S and K in art. بوق, &c.) b5: انــفتــقت said of a she-camel, She was seized with a disease, (Az, O, K,) termed ↓ فَتَــقٌ, (TA,) between her udder and her navel, (Az, O, K,) occasioned by fatness: sometimes in this case she recovers, (Az, O,) and sometimes she dies. (Az, O, K.) b6: See also 5, in two places.

فَتْــقٌ inf. n. of فَتَــقَهُ. (S, O, Msb.) b2: [Used as a simple subst., A rent, slit, or like. b3: and hence, (tropical:) A breach in society.] One says, رَتَقَ فَتْــقَهُمْ, meaning (tropical:) [He closed up the breach that was between them; he reconciled them; or] he reformed, or amended, the circumstances subsisting between them. (TA in art. رتق.) b4: [Hence also A rupture; a hernia;] a certain malady; a protrusion in the thin, or delicate, and soft part of the belly; (S, O;) a malady in the صِفَاق [meaning peritonæum], consisting in a solution of the integument so that a rent takes place in it, and through this passes a strange body, or substance, that was confined within it before the rent; and there is no cure for it, except for that which happens, rarely, to children: (K:) a disease that befalls a man in his intestines, consisting in a disruption of a place between these and his scrotum, in consequence of which a flatus collects between the two testicles and they become enlarged; in which case one says, أَصَابَتْهُ رِيحُ الــفَتْــقِ: or a severing of the fat [or cellular substance] that encloses the testicles: in the “ Ghareebáni,” it is termed ↓ فَتَــق, with fet-h to the ت: (Mgh:) and thus it is said to be by Az, and thus it is expl. by him: (O:) or it is a rending of the skin between the scrotum and the lower part of the belly, in consequence of which [some of] the intestines fall into the scrotum: (TA:) accord. to Ibráheem El-Harbee, a rupture of the bladder. (O, TA.) b5: [And A rent in the clouds: see 4:] and ↓ فَتَــقٌ [likewise] signifies a gap of the clouds: pl. فُتُــوقٌ. (TA.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) An open, and a spacious, place. (O, K.) b7: And A place upon which rain has not fallen when it has fallen upon what is around it; (S, O, K;) and ↓ فَتَــقَةٌ signifies thus, applied to a land: pl. of the former فُتُــوقٌ. (TA.) [Hence,] عَامٌ ذُو الــفُتُــوقِ A year of little rain. (S, O, See an ex., from a rájiz, in the first paragraph of art. زل.) b8: And (tropical:) The dawn; (O, K, TA;) and so ↓ فَتَــقٌ: (S, O, K, TA:) signifying also the rising [or rather breaking] of the dawn; as in the saying, اُنْظُرْ إِلَى فَتَــقِ الفَجْرِ [Look thou at the rising, or breaking, of the dawn]: and ↓ الــفَتِــيقُ likewise signifies the dawn; mentioned by El-Isbahánee, and in the B. (TA.) b9: See also 4, last sentence but one, for a meaning of the pl. فُتُــوقٌ.

فَتَــقٌ [inf. n. of فَتِــقَت said of a woman: b2: and of فَتِــقَ said of a year:] as a subst.: see فَتْــقٌ, in three places: b3: and see also 7.

فُتُــقٌ, applied to a woman, signifies ↓ مُتَــفَتِّــقَةٌ بِالكَلَامِ (tropical:) [Diffuse, or profuse, in speech, as though bursting therewith]: (S, O, K, TA; [in the CK مُنْــفَتِــقَة;]) or loquacious: (TK:) or, accord. to ISk, so applied, that mars (↓ تُــفَتِّــقُ [lit. rends]) in [performing] affairs. (TA.) فَتَــقَةٌ: see فَتْــقٌ, last quarter.

فَتْــقَآءُ, applied to a woman, means Having the فَرْج dehiscent; [or wide; not constringed;] الفَرْجِ ↓ مُنْــفَتِــقَةُ; (S, O, K;) contr. of رَتْقَآءُ [q. v.]. (S, O.) فِتَــاقٌ The parting asunder (اِنْــفِتَــاق) of the clouds from [before] the sun, (O, K, TA,) and their becoming removed, or cleared away, therefrom. (TA.) b2: And The upper limb (قَرْن), and the disk (عَيْن), of the sun, (O, K, TA,) when it is covered over and then somewhat of it appears. (TA.) A2: Also The base, or lowest portion, of the white [membranous fibres of the palm-tree which are termed] لِيف, (O, K, TA,) such as have not yet appeared: (TA:) the face is likened thereto, because of its clearness. (O, TA.) b2: And (accord. to IAar, O, TA) The main stem, or the lower part of the main stem when the fruit-stalks have been cut off, of the raceme of a palm-tree. (O, K, TA.) A3: And (tropical:) The leaven of dough: (ISd, TA:) a large lump of leaven, that soon causes the dough to become mature (O, K, TA) when it is put therein. (O, TA.) b2: And Mixtures of medicaments compounded (O, K, TA) with oil of jasmine or the like thereof, in order that the odour may diffuse itself: (O, TA:) or musk compounded with ambergris. (TA.) فَتِــيقٌ [i. q. ↓ مَــفْتُــوقٌ i. e. Slit, rent, &c.]. نَصْلٌ فَتِــيقُ الشَّفْرَتَيْنِ means [An arrow-head] having two forking portions; (Lth, O, K;) as though [each] one of them were slit [from the other]: (Lth, O:) [or it may mean sharp in the two edges: for] سَيْفٌ فَتِــيقُ الغِرَارَيْنِ signifies A sword sharp [in the two edges]: and سَيْفٌ فَتِــيقٌ, A sharp sword: (TA:) [whence,] رَجُلٌ فَتِــيقُ اللِّسَانِ A sharp-tongued man: (S, O, K:) or chaste, or eloquent, and sharp, of tongue: or chaste, or eloquent, of tongue, perspicuous in speech. (TA.) b2: الصُّبْحُ الــفَتِــيقُ (tropical:) The shining dawn. (As, S, O, K.) b3: See also فَتْــقٌ, last sentence but one. b4: جَمَلٌ فَتِــيقٌ (tropical:) A camel swollen, or inflated, in the flanks, by reason of fatness; تَــفَتَّــقَ سِمَنًا: (As, S, O, K:) and نَاقَةٌ فَتِــيقَةٌ a fat she-camel. (TA.) A2: and فَتِــيقٌ is used in the sense of فَتْــقٌ: thus in the saying of 'Amr Ibn-El-Ahtam, لَهَا مِنْ أَمَامِ المَنْكِبَيْنِ فَتِــيقُ [app. describing a she-camel: I can only conjecture the meaning to be, Having, in the part before the shoulders, a crease like a gash, occasioned by fatness]. (O.) فَاتِقٌ [Slitting, rending, &c.]. b2: [Hence,] one says, هُوَ الفَاتِقُ الرَّاتِقُ meaning (assumed tropical:) He is the possessor of command or rule, so that he opens and closes, and straitens and widens [or rather widens and straitens]. (Har p. 208.) فَيْتَقٌ, of the measure فَيْعَلٌ, (S, TA,) from الــفَتْــقُ [“ the act of slitting ” &c.], (TA,) A carpenter. (S, O, K.) b2: And A حَدَّاد [which signifies a worker in iron: but it also has the meaning here next following, which may therefore be intended by him who first gave this explanation of فَيْتَقٌ]. (Az, O, K.) b3: And A بَوَّاب [i. e. door-keeper]. (O, K.) b4: And A king. (Az, O, K.) مَــفْتَــقٌ A place of slitting, or of the slit, of a shirt. (O, K.) مَــفْتُــوقٌ: see فَتِــيقٌ.

مُتَــفَتِّــقَةٌ بِالكَلَامِ: see فُتُــقٌ.

مُنْــفَتِــقَةُ الفَرْجِ: see فَتْــقَآءُ.

ف ت ن: (الْــفِتْــنَةُ) الِاخْتِبَارُ وَالِامْتِحَانُ. تَقُولُ: (فَتَــنَ) الذَّهَبَ يَــفْتِــنُهُ بِالْكَسْرِ (فِتْــنَةً) وَ (مَــفْتُــونًا) أَيْضًا إِذَا أَدْخَلَهُ النَّارَ لِيَنْظُرَ مَا جَوْدَتُهُ. وَدِينَارٌ (مَــفْتُــونٌ) أَيْ مُمْتَحَنٌ. وَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ فَتَــنُوا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ} [البروج: 10] أَيْ حَرَّقُوهُمْ. وَيُسَمَّى الصَّائِغُ (الْــفَتَّــانَ) وَكَذَا الشَّيْطَانُ. وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ: «الْمُؤْمِنُ أَخُو الْمُؤْمِنِ يَسَعُهُمَا الْمَاءُ وَالشَّجَرُ وَيَتَعَاوَنَانِ عَلَى (الْــفَتَّــانِ) » يُرْوَى بِــفَتْــحِ الْفَاءِ عَلَى أَنَّهُ وَاحِدٌ وَبِضَمِّهَا عَلَى أَنَّهُ جَمْعٌ. وَقَالَ الْخَلِيلُ: (الْــفَتْــنُ) الْإِحْرَاقُ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: {يَوْمَ هُمْ عَلَى النَّارِ يُــفْتَــنُونَ} [الذاريات: 13] وَ (افْتُــتِنَ) الرَّجُلُ وَ (فُتِــنَ) فَهُوَ (مَــفْتُــونٌ) إِذَا أَصَابَتْهُ (فِتْــنَةٌ) فَذَهَبَ مَالُهُ أَوْ عَقْلُهُ. وَكَذَا إِذَا اخْتُبِرَ. قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: {وَــفَتَــنَّاكَ فُتُــونًا} [طه: 40] وَ (الْــفُتُــونُ) أَيْضًا (الِافْتِــتَانُ) يَتَعَدَّى وَيَلْزَمُ. وَ (فَتَــنْتَهُ) الْمَرْأَةُ دَلَّهَتْهُ وَ (أَــفْتَــنَتْهُ) أَيْضًا. وَأَنْكَرَ الْأَصْمَعِيُّ (أَــفْتَــنَتْهُ) بِالْأَلِفِ. وَ (الْفَاتِنُ) الْمُضِلُّ عَنِ الْحَقِّ. قَالَ الْفَرَّاءُ: أَهْلُ الْحِجَازِ يَقُولُونَ: « {مَا أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ بِفَاتِنِينَ} [الصافات: 162] » وَأَهْلُ نَجْدٍ يَقُولُونَ: (بِمُــفْتِــنِينَ) مِنْ أَــفْتَــنْتُ. وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {بِأَيِّكُمُ الْمَــفْتُــونُ} [القلم: 6] فَالْبَاءُ زَائِدَةٌ كَمَا فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: {وَكَفَى بِاللَّهِ شَهِيدًا} [النساء: 79] . وَ (الْمَــفَتْــوُنُ) الْــفِتْــنَةُ وَهُوَ مَصْدَرٌ كَالْمَعْقُولِ وَالْمَحْلُوفِ. وَيَكُونُ أَيُّكُمْ مُبْتَدَأٌ وَالْمَــفْتُــونُ خَبَرُهُ. وَقَالَ الْمَازِنِيُّ: الْمَــفْتُــونُ رُفِعَ بِالِابْتِدَاءِ وَمَا قَبْلَهُ خَبَرُهُ كَقَوْلِهِمْ: بِمَنْ مُرُورُكَ وَعَلَى أَيِّهِمْ نُزُولُكَ. لِأَنَّ الْأَوَّلَ فِي مَعْنَى الظَّرْفِ. وَ (فَتَّــنَهُ تَــفْتِــينًا) فَهُوَ (مُــفَتَّــنٌ) أَيْ مَــفْتُــونٌ جِدًّا.