جود
1 جَادَ,
aor. ـُ
inf. n. جُودَةٌ and
جَوْــدَةٌ, It (a thing,
S, or a commodity, an article of household-goods, or the like,
Msb, and a work, or performance,
TA) was, or became, جَيِّد [i. e. good, goodly, approvable, or excellent; the verb being the
contr. of رَدُؤَ, as is implied in the
A and
K]: (
S,
A,
Msb,
K:) in this sense,
accord. to some, of the class of قَالَ;
accord. to others, of the class of قَرُبَ. (
Msb.) [Also said of a man, meaning He was, or became, excellent, or egregious, in some quality; sometimes, though very rarely, in a quality that is disapproved.]
b2: And جاد, (
S,
A,
Msb,
K,) of the class of قال, (
Msb,)
aor. as above, (
S,
Msb,)
inf. n. جُودٌ, (
S,
A,
Msb,
K,) with damm, (
S,
Msb,) He was liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous: (
K:) or he affected, or constrained himself, to be generous: (
Msb:) or he gave without being asked, to preserve the receiver from the ignominy of asking: (
MF:) or he gave what was meet to him to whom it was meet: (El-Karmánee,
TA:) or he gave what was meet to him to whom it was meet, not for a compensation; so that it has a more special signification than أَحْسَنَ. (
MF.) You say, جاد بِمَالِهِ [He was liberal, &c., with his property]: (
S:) or جاد بِالمَالِ he affected, or constrained himself, to be generous with the property. (
Msb.)
b3: Hence, (
Msb,) جاد بِنَفْسِهِ, (
S,
Msb,
K,)
aor. as above, (
S,
A,)
inf. n. جَوْــدٌ (
TA) and جُؤُودٌ, (
S,
TA,) (
tropical:) He gave up his spirit, (
A,
Msb,
TA,) at death; (
S,
Msb;) like as one gives away his property; said of one in the agony of death: (
TA:) and (
tropical:) he gave away his life, in war. (
Msb.) And you say also, جَادَتْ نَفْسُهُ (assumed
tropical:) [His soul, or spirit, resigned itself, or departed]. (
Msb in art. نفس.)
b4: جاد المَطَرُ,
inf. n. جَوْــدٌ, The rain was, or became, copious, or abundant. (
S.) And جَادَتِ السَّمَآءُ, (
A,
Msb,)
inf. n. جَوْــدٌ, with fet-h, The sky rained. (
Msb.) And جَادَتِ العَيْنُ,
inf. n. جَوْــدٌ and جُؤُودٌ, The eye shed many, or abundant, tears. (
Lh,
K.)
b5: جاد said of a horse, (
S,
A,
L,
Msb,
K,)
aor. as above, (
S,)
inf. n. جُودَةٌ (
S,
L,
Msb,
K) and
جَوْــدَةٌ; (
Msb, and some copies of the
K;) and ↓
جود, (
A,
L,
K,)
inf. n. تَـ
ـجْوِــيدٌ; (
TA;) and ↓ اجاد, (
L,) and ↓ أَـ
ـجْوَــدَ; (
L,
K;) He became fleet, or swift, and excellent, (
L,) صَارَ رَائِعًا, (
S,
L,
K, *) فِى عَدْوِهِ in his running. (
A,
L,
K.) [See an
ex. in a verse cited
voce دَامَ, in art. دوم.]
b6: See also 4, in two places.
b7: جاد إِلَيْهِ He inclined to him, or it. (
TA.)
A2: جادهُ He overcame him in liberality, bounty, munificence, or generosity. (
K.) See 3.
b2: جَادَهُمْ,
aor. ـُ
inf. n. جَوْــدٌ, It (rain) rained, or descended, upon them copiously, or abundantly. (
L.) And جِيدُوا They were rained upon with a copious, or an abundant, rain. (
L.) And جِيدَتِ الأَرْضُ, (
S,
L,
K,)
inf. n. جَوْــدٌ; (
As,
TA;) and ↓ أُجِيدَت; (
K;) The earth, or land, was rained upon with a copious, or an abundant, rain: (
S,
L,
K:) or, so that the moisture of the rain met that of the soil. (
As,
TA.)
b3: جِيدَ, (
S,
A,
K,)
aor. ـَ (
S,
K,)
inf. n. جُوَــادٌ, (
S, *
K, *
TA,) (assumed
tropical:) He (a man,
S, A) thirsted, or became affected by thirst: (
S,
A,
K:) or thirsted vehemently: (
accord. to an explanation of
جُوَــادٌ in the
K:) or was at the point of death, or destruction; (
K;) as though destruction rained upon him. (
TA.)
b4: [Hence,] إِنِّى أُجَادُ إِلَىلِقَائِكَ (
tropical:) Verily I am affected with a longing desire to meet thee: (
A:) or إِنِّى لَأُجَادُ إِلَيْكَ (
K,
TA [in the
CK, erroneously, لَاَجادُ] (
tropical:) Verily I am affected with a longing desire for thee, (
K,
TA,) i. e., to meet thee, (
TA,) and am impelled towards thee: (
K:) and يُجَادُإِلَى فُلَانَةَ (
tropical:) He is affected with longing desire for such a female; like as you say يَظْمَأُ. (
A.) One says also, جادهُ الَهَوى (
tropical:) Love affected him with longing desire, (شَاقَهُ,
L,
K, in the
CK شاقَّهُ,) and overcame him. (
K.)
b5: [Also,
app., جيدَ,
aor. ـَ
inf. n. جُوَــادٌ, (as in a sense explained above,) (assumed
tropical:) He became affected, or overcome, or distressed, (see مَـ
ـجُودٌ,) by drowsiness, or slumber: for]
جُوَــادٌ is
syn. with نُعَاسٌ: (
L,
TA:) and you say, جادهُ النُّعَاسُ (assumed
tropical:) Drowsiness, or slumber, overcame him; (
L;) as though sleep rained upon him. (
TA.) 2
جَوَّــدَ see 4:
b2: and see also 1.
3 جاودهُ He vied with him, or contended with him for superiority, in liberality, bounty, munificence, or generosity. (
S,
TA.) You say, جاودهُ
↓ فَجَادَهُ He vied with him, or contended &c., in liberality, &c., and overcame him therein. (
TA.) 4 اجادهُ He made it good, goodly, approvable, or excellent; (
S,
A, *
K;) as also أَـ
ـجْوَــدَهُ, (
S, *
K,) like as they said اطال and اطول, and احال and احول, and اطاب and اطيب, and الان and الين; (
S;) and ↓
جوّــدهُ, (
S, *
A,)
inf. n. تَـ
ـجْوِــيدٌ. (
S.) [Hence,] اجادهُ النَّقْدَ He gave him the cash, or ready money, good. (
S,
K.) And أَجَدْتُكَ ثَوْبًا I gave thee a garment, or piece of cloth, that was good, goodly, or excellent; or in a good state. (
A,
TA.)
b2: He gave him a dirhem, or piece of silver. (
K.)
b3: أُجِيدَتِ الأَرْضُ: see 1.
A2: He, or it, slew him, or killed him. (
L.)
A3: اجاد, (
inf. n. إِجَادَةٌ,
Msb,) He said, gave utterance to, uttered, or expressed, what was good, approvable, or excellent; he said, or did, well, or excellently; أَتَى بِالجَيِّدِ (
L,
Msb,
K) مِنْ قَوْلِ أَوْ فِعْلٍ; (
Msb;) as also أَـ
ـجْوَــدَ; (
L;) and ↓ جاد,
inf. n. جَوْــدَةٌ. (
L.) [You say, قَالَ فَأَجَادَ He said, and said well: and فَعَلَ فَأَجَادَ He did, and did well.] And اجاد فِى
عَمَلِهِ, and ا
جود, He did well, or excellently, in his work. (
L.)
b2: Said of a horse, and ا
جود likewise: see 1.
b3: Also He had with him a horse such as is termed
جَوَــاد [i. e. fleet, or swift, and excellent]: (
S:) or he became possessed of such a horse; (
A,
K;) as also ا
جود. (
K.)
b4: أَجَادَتْ She brought forth a child, or children, of liberal, bountiful, or generous, disposition. (
A.) and اجاد بِالوَلَدِ He begot the child, or children, of liberal, bountiful, or generous, disposition; (
K;) and in like manner, بِهِ أَبَوَاهُ ↓ جاد [His two parents so engendered him]. (
TA.) 5 تـ
ـجوّــد He chose what was good, goodly, approvable, or excellent, among all things. (
Ham p. 299.) He affected nicety, or refinement; he was, or became, nice, exquisite, refined, or scrupulously nice and exact; or he chose what was excellent, or best, to be done; and exceeded the usual bounds; فِى صَنْعَتِهِ in his work of art, or his manufacture;
syn. تَنَوَّقَ. (
A,
TA.) And تـ
ـجوّــد وَبَالَغَ فِى مَطْعَمِهِ وَمَلْبَسِهِ [He was dainty, nice, exquisite, refined, or scrupulously nice and exact; or he chose what was excellent, or best; and exceeded the usual bounds; in his food and his apparel]; (
JK and
K in art. نوق;) he was studious of his diet and apparel, always eating exquisite food and wearing sumptuous clothing. (
TK in that art.)
A2: تـ
ـجوّــدهُ: see 10. تَـ
ـجَوَّــدْتُهَا لَكَ I chose, or selected, the best, or most excellent, (↓ الأَـ
ـجْوَــدَ,) thereof for thee. (
TA.) 6 تجاودوا They considered [or tried] which of them had the best argument, or plea, or allegation: (
K,
TA:) so says Aboo-Sa'eed on the authority of an Arab of the desert. (
TA.) And يَتَجَاوَدُونَ الحَدِيثَ They consider, or see, [or try,] which of them will be best in narration, or talk, or discourse. (
A.)
b2: [Also They vied, or contended together for superiority, in liberality, bounty, munificence, or generosity.]
10 استجادهُ He reckoned it, or esteemed it, good, goodly, approvable, or excellent: (
S:) or he found it to be so: (
K:) or he desired, or sought, that it might be so, (
A,
K,) and chose it, or selected it; (A;) as also ↓ تـ
ـجوّــدهُ. (
A.) Yousay also, اِسْتَـ
ـجْوَــدَ رَأْيَهُ [He esteemed his judgment, or opinion, good: or found it to be so]. (
TA in art. جزل.)
b2: He desired, or sought, or demanded, his liberality, bounty, munificence, or generosity. (
K.)
b3: He desired, or sought, that he (a horse) might be such as is termed
جَوَــاد [i. e. fleet, or swift, and excellent]. (
K.)
A2: استجاد It came or happened, well. (
KL.)
جَوْــدٌ Copious, or abundant, rain; (
S,
L,
K;) as also ↓ جَائِدٌ: (
S:) or rain that thoroughly irrigates everything: (
M:) or rain that is not exceeded: (
M,
L,
K:)
accord. to some, who observe that the phrase, mentioned by
Sb, أَخَذْتَنَا بِالـ
ـجَوْــدِوَفَوْقهَا [Thou hast assailed us with a storm of reproach or the like not to be exceeded, and with that which is above it,] is one of hyperbole and reproach. (
M,
L.) It is an
inf. n. thus used as an
epithet [and therefore applicable without variation to a
fem. as to a
masc.
n., and to a dual and a
pl. as to a
sing. n.]: (
L:) and is also
pl. [or rather a
quasi-pl. n.] of جَائِدٌ, (
S,
L,
K,) like as صَحْبٌ is of صَاحِبٌ. (
S,
L.) You say مَطَرٌ
جَوْــدٌ [A copious, or an abundant, rain; &c.]: (
L:) and سَحَابَةٌ
جَوْــدٌ [A cloud yielding a copious, or an abundant, rain; &c.]: (
IAar,
L:) and هَاجَتْ لَنَا سَمَآءٌ
جَوْــدٌ [A copious, or an abundant, rain, &c., became stirred up for us]: (
S,
K: *) and you also say, [
contr. to the usage mentioned above, or as though
جَوْــدٌ were an
epithet from جَادَ, and this originally
جَوْــدَ, like ضَخْمٌ from ضَخُمَ, but used as a
subst.,] مَطْرَتَانِ
جَوْــدَانِ [Two showers of rain, copious, or abundant, &c.]. (
S,
K.) ↓ تَجَاوِيدُ, [
app. signifying the same as
جَوْــدٌ used as a
pl.,] occurring in the following verse of Sakhr El-Ghei, يُلَاعِبُ الرِّيحَ بِالعَصْرَيْنِ قَصْطَلُهُ وَالوَابِلُونَ وَتَهْتَانُ التَّجَاوِيدِ
[Its dust makes sport with the wind in the morning and evening, or night and day, and so do the violent showers of big drops, and the pouring of copious, or abundant, rains, &c.], (
L,
K, *) is a
pl. having no
sing.; (
K;) or it may be so, like تَعَاجِيبُ and تَعَاشِيبُ and تَبَاشِيرُ; or it may be
pl. of تَـ
ـجْوَــادٌ [an
inf. n.]. (
L.) You say also, امَطَرِ ↓ أَصَابَتْهُ تَجَاوِيدُ [Copious showers of rain fell upon him, or it]. (
A.)
b2: See also
جَوَــادٌ.
جَوْــدَةٌ [an
inf. n. of 1, (
q. v.,) in two senses; as also
جُودَةٌ: and an
inf. n. of un., signifying] A single affection of thirst; a thirsting. (
S,
K.)
b2: See also
جُوَــادٌ.
جَادِىٌّ Saffron. (
S,
K.)
جَوَــادٌ, used alike as
masc. and
fem., (
S,
K,) Liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous: (
S, *
K:) or one who affects, or constrains himself, to be generous: (
Msb:) or who gives without being asked, to preserve the receiver from the ignominy of asking: (
MF:) or who gives what is meet to him to whom it is meet: (El-Karmánee,
TA:) or who gives what is meet to him to whom it is meet, not for a compensation; so that it has a more special signification than مُحْسِنٌ: (
MF:)
pl. [of pauc.,
masc.,] أَـ
ـجْوَــادٌ and (of mult.,
TA)
جُوْــدٌ, (
S,
A,
K,) like as قُذُلٌ is
pl. of قَذَالٌ, but the و is made quiescent because it is an unsound letter, (
S,) [in some copies of the
K جُوُــدٌ,] and أَجَاوِدُ, (
S,
K,)
contr. to
analogy, (
TA,) or أَجَاوِيدُ, [
reg., as
pl. of أَـ
ـجْوَــادٌ,] (
A,) and
جُوَــدَآءُ (
S,
K) and
جُوَــدَةٌ, (
CK, [in some copies of the
K omitted,]) or
جُوْــدَةٌ, or
جُوُــدَةٌ, [written in the latter manner in a
MS. copy of the
K,] with ة added to the [proper]
pl. form [
جُوْــدٌ or
جُوُــدٌ],
accord. to the doctrine of
Sb: (
TA:)
جُوْــدٌ is used as a
fem. pl., (
S,
Msb,) and is like نُوْرٌ
pl. of نَوَارٌ. (
S.)
b2: Also, applied alike to the male and the female, (
S,) A courser; a fleet, or swift, and excellent, horse; (
L;) a horse fleet, or swift, in running; or excellent in running, or in the motion of his legs; as also ↓
جَوْــدٌ: (
Bd in xxxviii. 30:) or that outstrips others: (
Jel ib.:)
i. q. رَائِعٌ: (
S,
L,
K:)
pl. جِيَادٌ, (
S,
A,
Bd,
L,
Msb,
K,) which by rule should be
جِوَــادٌ, like طِوَالٌ, but this latter form has not been heard from the Arabs; (
L;) or جِيَادٌ is
pl. of
جَوْــدٌ, or of جَيِّدٌ; (
Bd ubi suprá;) and
جَوَــادٌ has also for its
pl. أَجْيَادٌ, [a
pl. of pauc., and irregular, or this is
pl. of جَيّدٌ, and therefore, though irregularly, retains the ى substituted for و] (
S,
L,) and أَـ
ـجْوَــادٌ, [also a
pl. of pauc., but agreeable with rule, or this is
pl. of
جَوْــدٌ,] (
L,) and أَجَاوِيدُ (
S,
L) is
pl. of أَـ
ـجْوَــادٌ. (
L.) Hence, أَقْبَلَ
جَوَــادًا (assumed
tropical:) He came on, or advanced, like a horse that is termed
جواد: and سِرْتُ إِلَيْهِ
جَوَــادًا (assumed
tropical:) I went to him, or it, like a horse that is so termed. (
Mgh in art. غذ.) You say also, عَدَا عَدْوًا
جَوَــادًا He ran a long run. (
A,
TA.) And سِرْنَا عُقْبَةً
جَوَــادًا, and عُقْبَتَيْنِ
جَوَــادَيْنِ, and عُقَبًا جِيَادًا (
S, A) and أَـ
ـجْوَــادًا, (
A,
TA,) We journeyed a long march or stage, and two long marches or stages, and long marches or stages. (
S,
A,
TA.)
جُوَــادٌ [
accord. to the
TA inf. n. of جِيدَ, which see in two places,] (assumed
tropical:) Thirst: (
S,
K:) or vehemence of thirst. (
K.)
b2: Also, [
accord. to the
K ↓
جَوْــدَةٌ, but this is corrected in the
TA,] (assumed
tropical:) Drowsiness, or slumber. (
TA.) جَائِدٌ: see
جَوْــدٌ.
جَيِّدٌ, originally of the measure فَيْعِلٌ, (
S,
Msb,) as the Basrees say, i. e. جَيْوِدٌ, (
Msb,
TA,) the و being changed into ى because of its being meksoor and preceded by ى, and the augmentative ى being then incorporated into it; (
TA;) or, as the Koofees say, of the measure فَيْعَلٌ, like عَيْطَلٌ &c., because there is found no sound word of the measure فَيْعِلٌ except صَيْقِلٌ, a woman's name, and the unsound is accorded to the sound; or, as others say, of the measure فَعِيلٌ, [and so I find in one copy of the
S,] originally
جَوِــيدٌ, the kesreh of the و being,
accord. to them, suppressed because difficult of pronunciation, and the quiescent و and ى thus coming together, [the latter receives the rejected kesreh, and] the و is changed into ى and incorporated into the [augmentative] ى; (
Msb;) Good, goodly, approvable, or excellent;
contr. of رَدِ ىْ; (
A,
K;) applied to a thing, (
S,) or a commodity, an article of household-goods, or the like, (
A,
Msb,) and a work, or performance: (
TA:)
pl. جِيَادٌ (
S,
A,
Msb,
K) and جِيَادَاتٌ, (
K,) the latter a
pl. pl., [i. e.
pl. of جِيَادٌ,] (
TA,) and جَيَائِدُ, (
S,
K,) with hemz, [and,
accord. to some,]
contr. to
analogy. (
S.) [It is also applied to a man, meaning Excellent, or egregious, in some quality; sometimes, though very rarely, in a quality that is disapproved.]
أَـ
ـجْوَــدُ [Better, and best; more, and most, goodly or approvable or excellent]: see 5.
b2: [More, and most, liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous. Hence,] أَـ
ـجْوَــدُ مِنْ حَاتِمٍ [More liberal, &c., than Hátim]: a
prov. (
Meyd.)
b3: [More, and most, fleet, or swift, and excellent; relating to a horse. Hence,] أَـ
ـجْوَــدُ مِنَ الـ
ـجَوَــادِ المُبِرِّ [More fleet, &c., than the courser that surpasses others]: a
prov. (
Meyd.) تَجَاويدُ: see
جَوْــدٌ, in two places.
مَـ
ـجُودٌ A field, or garden, rained upon: (
A:) [or rained upon copiously, or abundantly.] and أَرْضٌ مَـ
ـجْودَةٌ Land rained upon with a copious, or an abundant, rain. (
S,
L,
K.)
b2: (assumed
tropical:) A man (
S, A) affected with thirst: (
S,
A,
K:) [or, with vehement thirst: (see
جُوَــادٌ:)] or at the point of death, or destruction. (
K.)
b3: And [hence,] (
tropical:) Affected with longing desire. (
L.)
b4: Also (assumed
tropical:) Overcome by drowsiness, or slumber: (
TA:) or distressed by drowsiness, or slumber, &c. (
Lh,
L.) مُجِيدٌ: see مِـ
ـجْوَــادٌ.
b2: Also A man possessing a horse such as is termed
جَوَــادِ [i. e. fleet, or swift, and excellent]:
pl. مَجَاوِيدُ [by rule
pl. of مِـ
ـجْوَــادٌ,
q. v.]. (
A,
TA.)
b3: حَتْفٌ مُجِيدٌ (
tropical:) Present death. (
K,
TA.) مِـ
ـجْوَــادٌ One who says, utters, or expresses, or who does, (
K,
TA,) much, or often, (
TA,) what is good, goodly, approvable, or excellent; (
K,
TA;) as also ↓ مُجِيدٌ: (
TA:) [or rather the latter is a simple, not an intensive,
epithet:] the former is applied to a poet, (
S,
A,
K,) as
syn. with the latter, (
K,) or as meaning who says, or utters, much, or often, what is good, or excellent: (
S:) and both are applied to a workman, or an artificer:
pl. of the former مَجَاوِيدُ. (
A.)
