رف

أ1 رَفَأَ السَّفِينَةَ, (M, Mgh, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. رَفْءٌ, (M,) He brought the ship near to the bank of a river; (M, K;) as also ↓ أَرْفَأَهَا: (S, TA:) or both signify he brought the ship near to the bank of a river and made her still, or motionless: (Mgh:) or the latter, he brought her near to the land; or to the part of the land that was near; or so the former accord. to Az; (T;) and so the latter: but in the K, ارفأ is expl. as signifying simply he made, or drew, or brought, near. (TA.) ↓ أَرْفَؤُوا

إِلَى جَزِيرَةٍ occurs in a trad. [as meaning They brought the ship near to an island]: and some say أَرْفَيْتُ for أَرْفَأْتُ; which latter is the original. (TA.) b2: [Hence, accord. to ISd in the M, but this I think doubtful,] رَفَأَ الثَّوْبَ, (Az, T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (Az, T, S, Mgh, Msb,) and so the inf. n., (Az, T, S, Mgh,) He repaired, or mended, [or darned,] the garment, (S, Msb,) where it was rent; (S;) or he closed up what was rent in the garment, drawing the parts together, (M, Mgh, K,) by texture [with the needle, i. e. darning]: (Mgh:) and sometimes it is pronounced without ء; (S;) [i. e.,] one says also [رَفَا الثَّوْبَ, and] رَفَوْتُهُ, aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. رَفْوٌ; (IAar, T, Msb;) and رَفَيْتُهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. رَفْىٌ, which is of the dial. of Benoo-Kaab; (Msb;) but this last is strange. (TA.) [See 1 in art. رفو.] One says, مَنِ آغْتَابَ خَرَقَ وَمَنِ اسْتَغْفَرَ رَفَأَ (tropical:) [He who traduces another, behind his back or otherwise, though with truth, rends, and he who begs forgiveness repairs]: (S, M:) i. e., by الاِغْتِيَاب he rends his religion, and by الاِسْتِغْفَار he repairs it. (M.) b3: And [hence,] رَفَأَ بَيْنَهُمْ He effected a reconciliation, or made peace, between them; (M, K;) like رَقَأَ. (TA.) b4: And رَفَأَ الرَّجُلَ, (M, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) He appeased quieted, or calmed, the man, (M, K, TA, [like رَفَاهُ, without ء, see art. رفو,]) stilling his fear, or terror, and treated him with gentleness. (TA.) b5: See also 3. b6: رَفَأَ is also said to signify تَزَوَّجَ [He married; or took a wife]; (TA;) or so رَفا [without ء]. (T.) 2 رفّآهُ, (T, S, M, K,) inf. n. تَرْفِئَةٌ and تَرْفِىْءٌ, (T, S, K,) He said to him, (namely, a man who had had a wife given to him, T, S, M,) بِالرِّفَآءِ وَالبَنِينَ; (T, S, M, K; [see رِفَآءٌ, below;]) as also رفّاهُ, without ء. (TA.) 3 رافأهُ, (Az, T, S, M,) inf. n. مُرَافَأَةٌ; (Az, T;) and ↓ ارفأهُ, (K, but there without any objective complement,) and ↓ رَفَأَهُ; (TA;) He treated him in an easy and a gentle manner; or abated to him the price, or payment; syn. حَابَاهُ; (Az, T, S, M, K; *) فِى البَيْعِ [in selling]: (Az, T, S:) or ↓ ارفأهُ signifies دَارَاهُ [he treated him with gentleness, or blandishment; soothed, coaxed, wheedled, or cajoled, him; &c.]: (IAar, M:) or ارفأ is also syn. with دَارَى; and so is رافأ. (K.) 4 ارفأ He, or it, drew near, or approached. (K.) You say, ارفأتِ السَّفِينَةُ The ship drew near, or approached, (T, TA,) to the land, (T,) or to the part of the land that was near, or to the bank of a river. (TA.) b2: ارفأ إِلَيْهِ He inclined to, or towards, him, or it; (Fr, T, K; *) as also ارفى. (Fr, T.) And (K) He had recourse, or he betook himself, or repaired, to him, or it, for refuge, protection, preservation, concealment, covert, or lodging; (S, M, K;) as also ارفى. (TA in art. رفو.) b3: He combed, or combed and dressed, his hair. (K, * TA.) A2: As a trans. v. : see 1, in two places: b2: and see also 3, in two places.6 تَرَافَؤُوا They agreed together; or were of one mind or opinion: (S, K:) and they aided, or assisted, one another; or leagued together, and aided one another. (S.) And ترافؤوا عَلَى الأَمْرِ They agreed together to do the thing: (M:) they agreed together, or conspired, to do the thing, their stratagem and their affair being one. (T, TA.) رِفَآءٌ Close union; coalescence; (ISk, T, S, M, K;) consociation; these being the meanings if the root be with ء: (ISk, T:) good consociation: (T:) and composure of disunited circumstances or affairs: (K:) or reparation: (Msb:) and concord, or agreement; (T, S, M;) like مُرَافَاتٌ; [if the root be] without ء: (T:) or, if the root be without ء, the meaning is tranquillity; or freedom from disturbance, or agitation. (ISk, T, S.) Such are said to be the meanings in the saying, بِالرِّفَآءِ وَالبَنِينَ; (ISk, T, S, M, Msb, K; [see 2;]) i. e. [May it (the marriage) be] with close union, &c., (K, TA,) and increase (TA) [or rather the begetting of sons, not daughters]: or with reparation [of circumstances or condition, and the begetting of sons]. (Msb.) It is said, in a trad., that the Prophet forbade the use of this phrase, disliking it because it was a customary form of congratulation in the Time of Ignorance: (T, * TA:) and some relate that he used to say, in its stead, بَارَكَ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْكَ and بَارَكَ فِيكَ [May God bless thee], and جَمَعَ بَيْنَكُمَا فِى خَيْرٍ [may He unite you two in prosperity]. (T, TA.) Some of them used to congratulate him who had taken a wife by saying, بِالرِّفَآءِ وَالثَّبَاتِ وَالبَنِينَ لَا البَنَاتِ [May it be with close union, &c., and constancy, and the begetting of sons, not daughters]. (Har p. 364.) And one says also, بَيْنَ القَوْمِ رِفَآءٌ, meaning Between the people is close union, and concord, or agreement. (Msb.) رَفَّآءٌ [A darner;] one who closes up what is rent in garments, drawing the parts together, (M, Mgh, K,) by texture [with the needle, i. e. darning]; in Pers\. رَفُوگَرْ. (Mgh.) مَرْفَأٌ: see the next paragraph. b2: Also A place where garments are darned. (KL.) مُرْفَأٌ, (S, Mgh, Sgh, K,) and ↓ مَرْفَأٌ, (M, K,) [A station of ships;] a place where ships are brought near to the bank of a river [or to the land; see 1, first sentence]; (S, M, K;) i. q. فُرْضَةٌ. (Mgh.) يَرْفَئِىٌّ Heartless, or deprived of his heart, by reason of fright. (M, K.) b2: A male ostrich: (M:) or a male ostrich taking fright, and fleeing, or running away at random. (K.) b3: A gazelle; because of its briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness, and its uninterrupted running: (M:) or a gazelle that leaps, jumps, springs, or bounds, much, or often, (قَفُوزٌ,) and goes back, or retreats, (M, * K, TA,) fleeing. (TA.) b4: And A pastor of sheep or goats: (M, K:) it is said to have this meaning: (T:) or by this is meant a certain black slave so called. (TA.)

دست

دَسْتٌ i. q. دَشْتٌ, (K,) A [desert, or such as is termed] صَحْرَآء: an arabicized word [from the Pers\. دَشْتْ]: (Msb, K:) or it is either a dial. var. of دشت or an arabicized word from this latter. (TA.) A2: The upper end of a chamber, which is the most honourable place therein: (A, K, TA:) in this sense an arabicized word [from the Pers\. دَسْتْ]. (K.) b2: Hence, [A place, or seat, of honour: a seat of office: used in these senses in the present day:] used by the later writers to signify a court, or council; syn. دِيوَانٌ: and the court, or council, (مَجْلِس,) of a wezeer or governor. (TA.) b3: A thing against, or upon, which one leans, or stays himself: (Har p. 261:) a pillow, or cushion. (Id. p. 276.) A3: Headship, rule, dominion, government, or superiority. (MF.) A4: A game; a single act of a game or play: pl. دُسُوتٌ. (TA.) You say, الدَّسْتُ لِى The game is mine: and الدَّسْتُ عَلَىَّ The game is against me. (Har p. 130.) And تَمَّ عَلَيْهِ الدَّسْتُ [The game ended, or has ended, against him]: this is said of one who is overcome: the Arabs in the Time of Ignorance used to say so when a man's arrow [in the game called المَيْسِر] was unsuccessful, and he did not attain his desire. (TA.) [In the contrary case, one says, تَمَّ لَهُ الدَّسْتُ The game ended, or has ended, in his favour.] فُلَانٌ حَسَنُ الدَّسْتِ [Such a one is a good player] is said of a skilful chess-player. (A.) And a poet says, تَفَرْزَنُ فِى أُخْرَى الدُّسُوتِ البَيَاذِقُ [The pawns become queens in the ends of the games: تَفَرْزَنَ being for تَتَفَرْزَنَ]. (TA.) b2: [It is also used in the present day to signify A trick of cards.] b3: And An evasion, a shift, a wile, or an artifice; or art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill: (MF, and Har p. 130:) and deceit, delusion, guile, or circumvention. (Har ibid.) A5: Also, (TA,) or دَسْتٌ مِنَ الثِّيَابِ, (Msb, K, TA,) as also دَشْتٌ من الثياب, (TA in art. دشت,) [A suit, or complete set, of clothes;] the clothes which a man wears and which suffice him for his going to and fro in the transaction of his affairs: pl. as above: (Msb:) in this sense, also, an arabicized word [from the Pers\. دَسْتْ]. (K.) El-Hareeree has mentioned together instances of this word in three different senses, in the 23rd Makámeh, where he says, نَاشَد تُّكَ اللّٰهَ أَلَسْتَ الَّذِى أَعَارَهُ الدَّسْتْ فَقُلْتُ لَا وَالَّذِى أَجْلَسَكَ فِى هٰذَا الدَّسْتْ مَا أَنَا بِصَاحِبِ ذٰلِكَ الدَّسْتْ بَلْ أَنْتَ الَّذِى

تَمَّ عَلَيْهِ الدَّسْتْ I conjure thee by God [to tell me], art thou not he who lent him the suit of clothes? And I said, No, by Him who seated thee in this place of honour, I am not the owner of that suit of clothes: but thou art he against whom the game hath ended. (TA.) b2: and دَسْتٌ مِنَ الوَرَقِ, (K,) as also دَشْتٌ من الورق, (TA in art. دشت,) [A quire, or twenty-five sheets folded together, of paper: still used in this sense: pl. as above:] in this sense, also, an arabicized word [from the Pers\. دَسْتْ]. (K.) b3: [دَسْتٌ is also used in the present day in a similar, but more extensive, sense; as signifying A lot, or parcel, of things: of some things, ten; of others, twelve; &c.]

A6: Also an appellation applied, as mentioned by El-Khafájee in the “ Shifá el-Ghaleel,” by the common people of Egypt and of other countries of the East, to A copper cooking-pot: (MF:) [it is still used in this sense; applied in Egypt to a copper cookingpot wide at the bottom, contracted at the mouth, and more contracted a little below the mouth. And دَسْتُ خَشَبٍ is applied to A shallow wooden tub.]

دست: دسْت (اتبع كلما تيسر لي الترتيب الذي في معجم لين لمعاني الكلمة): هذا القسم من الأرائك يكون في صدر الحجرة وهو مجلس الشرف. وقد أطلق على الكتاب اسم كاتب الدست أو موقع الدست لأنهم يجلسون على مصطبة في حضور السلطان في ديوان القضاء حين عرض القضايا وقراءة موجز من صحيفة الدعوى وبيان الطلبات الختامية. انظر لمزيد من التفاصيل مملوك (202: 239) وما يليها.
وتعني كلمة أيضاً العرش أي الكرسي أو الأريكة التي يجلس عليها الملك (مملوك 202: 237).
ودست: بساط، طنفسة. هذا إذا كان دي سلان قد أحسن ترجمة العبارة التي نقلها عن ابن خلكان (3: 126).
ودست: مرادف مجلس بمعنى القاعة التي يلقى فيها الأستاذ دروسه، أو بالأحرى تناقش المسائل الأدبية أو العلمية. ففي كتاب الخطيب (ص30 و): طويل الصمت إلا في دست تعليمه. وفي القلائد (ص59):
فدم هكذا يا فارس الدست والوغى ... لتطعن بالإقلاع فيها وبالقنا
ودست: سلطان، رئاسة، سيادة. انظر مملوك (2، 2: 236). ودست: لعبة، مباراة في اللعب بخاصة مباراة في لعب الشطرنج (ابن الأثير 7: 116، ألف ليلة 1: 375، برسل 1: 246، 12، 140). وأيضاً: دورة مصارعة. ألف ليلة 1: 364، 365).
ودست: رقعة الشطرنج، وقد أطلق كاترمير (مملوك 2، 2: 237) هذا المعنى على كلمة دست التي جاءت في شطر البيت الذي ذكره ابن خلكان (7: 107 طبعة وستنفيلد): وإذا البيادق في الدسوت تفرزفت حيث تعنى بالأحرى لعبة أو مباراة شطرنج، كما هو في الشطر الذي نقله لين.
غير أني أرى أن الكلمة تعني رقعة الشطرنج فيما ما يذكره ابن عبد الملك (ص124 ق): لاعبت الزمان في دست الحدثان فضربني في طرة الحرمان شاه مات. وكذلك عند المقري (1: 882): وهو شديد الحزن لأن ... الخ وأن بياذيق الجوانب فرزنت ولم يعد رخ الدست بيت بنائه.
ولا بد أن لهذه الكلمة معنى آخر في لعب الشطرنج لأن ما ذكرناه آنفاً لا يتفق مع ما جاء في هذا البيت (ألف ليلة 1: 375).
كأنما الشاه عند الرخ موضعه ... وقد تفقد دستاً بالفرازين
يا دست: اسم لعبة (محيط المحيط).
ودسْت: موكب، حاشية السلطان أو الوزير. (مملوك 2، 2: 236، الفخري ص353)، وكبار الحاشية الذين يصحبون الأمير. (فليشر معجم ص13).
ودست: صحن، وقد أخطأ فليشر حين قال (المعجم ص13) أن الكلمة لا تدل على هذا المعنى، فقد ذكر كاترمير (مملوك 2، 2: 238 - 9) أمثلة عديدة لذلك، ويقول ابن بطوطة (1: 137) أن الصحون تسمى بهذا الاسم في بعلبك. وفي الفخري (ص131): فأكل معه دستاً من الخبز السمبذ. ودست: قدح أو كوب يستعمل للشرب (فليشر معجم ص14، مملوك 2، 2: 239 في التعليق).
ودست: دنين، دن صغير، ودست الغسيل: مركن تغسل فيه الثياب (بوشر).
دَسْنَة: نطلق على عدد من الملاعق دزينة مثلاً (محيط المحيط).
دستة ورق: رزمة أوراق اللعب (بوشر، همبرت ص114).
دَسْتي، يقل دستي (في مخطوطة ب) ويطلق اسم البقول الدستية على البقول البرية كلها وهي التي لا تزرع (ابن البيطار 1: 155).
ويظهر أنها نسبة إلى دست بمعنى صحراء، ودشتي بالفارسية تعني في الحقيقة بري لم يزرع.
وعند ابن العوام (1: 136) قد فسرت دستي بأسباناخ.
دستية، وتجمع على دساتي: مركن تغسل فيه الثياب (معجم الادريسي).