عرش

1 عَرَشَ, aor. ـِ and عَرُشَ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. عَرْشٌ, (S, O,) He constructed, or built, what is called an عَرِيش; (K;) as also ↓ اعرش; (Zj, K;) and ↓ عرّش, (K,) inf. n. تَعْرِيشٌ: (TA:) or he built a building of wood. (S, O.) b2: عَرَشَ البَيْتَ, (K,) aor. ـِ and عَرُشَ, inf. n. عَرْشٌ and عُرُوشٌ, (TA,) He built the house, or the like. (K.) b3: عَرَشَ الكَرْمَ: see 2. b4: عَرَشَ البِئْرَ, (A, K,) aor. ـِ and عَرُشَ, (K,) inf. n. عَرْشٌ, (S, A, O,) He cased the well with stones to the height of the stature of a man in the lowest part, and the rest of it with wood: (K:) or he cased the well with wood, after having cased the lowest part thereof with stones to the height of the stature of a man. (S, O.) A2: عَرَشَ فُلَانًا, (K, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَرْشٌ, (TA,) He struck such a one in the عُرْش, (K, TA,) i. e. base, (TA,) of his neck. (K, TA.) 2 عرّش, inf. n. تَعْرِيشٌ: see 1. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) He (a bird) rose, and shaded with his wings him who was beneath him. (TA.) b3: عرّش العَرْشَ He made the عَرْش [q. v.: or perhaps we should read العَرِيشَ]. (TA.) b4: عرّش البَيْتَ, (O, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He roofed the house, or the like; (O, K, TA;) and raised the building thereof. (TA.) b5: عرّش الكَرْمَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. as above, (S, O, TA,) He made an عَرِيش for the grape-vine: (Msb:) or he raised the shoots of the grape-vine upon the pieces of wood [made to support them]; as also ↓ عَرَشَهُ, (Zj, O, K,) aor. ـِ and عَرُشَ, inf. n. عَرْشٌ and عُرُوشٌ; (K;) or both signify he made an عَرْش for the grape-vine, and raised its shoots upon the pieces of wood; (TA;) and ↓ اعرشهُ signifies the same as عرّشهُ: (Zj, O, TA:) or عرّشهُ signifies he bent the pieces of wood upon which its branches, or shoots, were trained. (TA.) 4 اعرش: see 1. b2: اعرش الكَرْمَ: see 2.5 تَعَرَّشْنَا We pitched our tent, or tents. (A, TA.) b2: تعرّش بِالبَلَدِ He became fixed, settled, or established, in the country, or town. (Az, O, K.) 8 اعترش He made, or took, for himself an عَرِيش. (O, K.) b2: اعترش العِنَبُ The grapes mounted (S, O, K) upon the عَرِيش, (O, K,) or, as in the Mufradát, upon their عريش, (TA,) or upon the عِرَاش [which may be a pl. of عَرِيشٌ, like عَرَائِشُ, or perhaps it is a mistranscription for this last word]: (S: so in two copies:) and in like manner, اعترش العِنَبُ العَرِيشَ: (L, TA: [expl. by عَلَاهُ عَلَى العِرَاشِ, which seems to be a mistake for عَلَا عَلَى العِرِيشِ:]) and اعترشت القُضْبَانُ عَلَى العَرِيشِ The branches, or shoots, mounted upon the عريش. (A, TA.) عَرْشٌ A booth, or shed, or thing constructed for shade, (مِظَلَّةٌ,) mostly made of canes, or reeds; (K;) and sometimes, (TA,) made of palm-sticks, over which is thrown ثُمَام [a species of panic grass]; (Mgh, TA:) as described by Az, on the authority of the Arabs; (TA;) and such is meant by the عَرْش of Moses: (Mgh:) a thing resembling a house, or tent, made of palm-sticks, over which is put ثُمَام; as also ↓ عَرِيشٌ: (Msb:) a booth, or shed, syn. خَيْمَةٌ, (K, TA,) made of wood and ثمان; (TA;) as also ↓ عَرِيشٌ; (S, A, * O, K;) and such is meant by the ↓ عَرِيش of Moses; (A;) and sometimes the ↓ عَرِيش was made of palm-sticks, with ثُمَام thrown over them: (TA:) both signify a thing, (S, O,) or a house, or the like, (K,) used for shade: (S, O, K:) pl. of the former, عُرُوشٌ (ISd, Mgh, Msb, K) and عُرُشٌ and أَعْرَاشٌ [which is a pl. of pauc.] and عِرَشَةٌ: (K:) or عُرُشٌ is pl. of ↓ عَرِيشٌ, (S, ISd, O, Msb,) not of عَرْشٌ: (ISd:) or it is also pl. of ↓ عَرِيشٌ: (K:) and عُرُوشٌ is also a pl. of ↓ عُرْشٌ, which is a pl. of ↓ عَرِيشٌ. (L.) Hence The houses of Mekkeh, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb,) in which the needy of its inhabitants dwelt, (Mgh,) or its ancient houses, (K,) were called العُرُوشُ, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and العُرُشُ, (S, Msb,) and ↓ العُرْشُ; (O, K;) because they were of poles, or sticks, set up, and shaded over: (S, O, Msb:) or Mekkeh itself was called ↓ العُرْشُ: (Az, O, L, K:) or it was called العَرْشُ, with fet-h, and ↓ العَرِيشُ: (Az, L, K:) and its houses were called ↓ العُرْشُ, and العُرُوشُ. (K.) And hence, (S, O, Msb,) the saying in a trad., (S, O,) i. e., the saying of Saad, (K, TA,) when he heard that Mo'áwiyeh forbade the performing conjointly the greater and minor pilgrimages, (TA,) تَمَتَّعْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَفُلَانٌ كَافِرٌ بِالْعُرُشِ, (S, O, K, *) or بِالْعُرُوشِ, (S, TA,) i. e., [We performed conjointly the greater and minor pilgrimages with the Apostle of God, (God bless and save him,)] when such a one, meaning Mo'áwiyeh, was abiding (O, L, K) in his state of unbelief, (L,) in Mekkeh; (L, K;) i. e. in the houses thereof: (O, L:) or, as some say, was hiding himself in the houses of Mekkeh. (L.) b2: A house [in an absolute sense]; a dwelling, or place of abode: (Kr, TA:) pl. عُرُشٌ (TA) [and عُرُوشٌ]. b3: A [building of the kind called] قَصْر. (K.) b4: The wood upon which stands the drawer of water: (K:) or a structure of wood built at the head of the well, forming a shade: [pl. عُرُوشٌ:] when the props are pulled away, the عُرُوش fall down. (TA.) [عَرْشٌ in relation to a well has also another meaning; which see below.] b5: The wooden thing [or trellis] which serves for the propping of a grape-vine. (TA.) [But this is more commonly called عَرِيشٌ, q. v.] b6: The roof of a house or the like: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) pl. عُرُوشٌ. (A.) So in a trad., where a lamp is mentioned as suspended to the عرش: (O, TA:) and in another, in which a man relates that he used, when upon his عرش, to hear the Prophet's reciting [of the Kur-án]. (TA.) And so it has been expl. as occurring in the phrase of the Kur [ii. 261 and xxii. 44], خَاوِيَةٌ عَلَى عُرُوشِهَا Having fallen down upon its roofs: meaning that its walls were standing when their roofs had become demolished and had fallen to the foundations, and the walls fell down upon the roofs demolished before them: (O, TA:) but some consider على as here meaning عَنْ [from]. (TA.) b7: [Hence, app.,] العَرْشُ is applied to The عَرْش of God, which is not definable: (A, K:) I'Ab is related to have said that the كُرْسِىّ is the place of the feet and the عَرْش is immeasurable: and it is said in the Mufradát of Er-Rághib that the عَرْش of God is one of the things which mankind know not in reality, but only by name; and it is not as the imaginations of the vulgar hold it to be; [namely, the throne of God;] for were it so, it would be a support to Him; not supported; whereas God saith [in the Kur., xxxv. 39], “Verily God holdeth the heavens and the earth, lest they should move from their place; and if they should move from their place, no one would hold them after Him: ” or, as some say, it is the highest sphere; [or the empyrean;] and the كرسىّ is the sphere of the stars: and they adduce as an indication thereof the saying of Mohammad, that the seven heavens and earths, by the side of the كرسىّ, are nought but as a ring thrown down in a desert land; and such is the كرسىّ with respect to the عَرْش: and this assertion is mentioned in the B, but without approval: (TA:) [it appears, however, to be most commonly accepted:] or a red sapphire, which glistens with the light of the Supreme. (A, K.) [Hence the saying,] مِنَ العَرْشِ إِلَى الفَرْشِ meaning, [From the highest sphere, or the empyrean, to] the earth. (A.) b8: Also The سَرِير [or throne] (S, A, O, Msb, K) of a king; (S, A, O, K;) the seat of a sultán; [perhaps as being likened to the عرش of God; or, more probably, from its being generally surmounted by a canopy; or] because of its height. (Er-Rághib.) [Hence,] the phrase اِسْتَوَى عَلَى

عَرْشِهِ means He reigned as king. (A, TA.) b9: And [hence, also,] Certain stars in advance of السِّمَاك الأَعْزَل [which is Spica Virginis]; (TA;) [app. those meant by what here follows;] عَرْشُ السِّمَاكِ signifies four small stars [app. γ, δ, ε, and η, of Virgo, regarded as the seat of Bootes, the principal star of which is called السِّمَاكُ الرَّامِحُ, being described as] beneath العَوَّآء [which is a name of Bootes and also of the four stars mentioned above], and also called عَجُزُ الأَسَدِ [the rump of Leo, the figure of which was extended by the Arabs far beyond the limits which we assign to it]. (S, O, K.) b10: And عَرْشُ الجَوْزَآءِ [The seat of Orion; applied by our astronomers to

α of Lepus; but described as] four stars, of which two are on the fore legs and two on the hind legs, of Lepus. (Kzw.) b11: And عَمْشُ الثَّرَيَّا Certain stars near الثُّرَيَّا [or the Pleiades]. (T, TA.) b12: عَرْشٌ also signifies The جَمَازَة; (O, K, TA;) i. e., the bier of a corpse. (O, TA.) and hence, as some say, the expression in a trad., اِهْتَزَّ العَرْشُ لِمَوْتِ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ, meaning The bier rejoiced [lit. shook] at the death of Saad Ibn-Mo'ádh; i. e., at carrying him upon it to his place of burial: (O, K, * TA:) but there are other explanations, for which see art. هز. (TA.) b13: The wood with which a well is cased after it has been cased with stones (S, O, K) in its lowest part (S, O) to the height of the stature of a man: (S, O, K:) pl. عُرُوشٌ. (S, O.) [Another meaning of the same word in relation to a well has been mentioned before.] b14: (assumed tropical:) The nest of a bird, such as is built in a tree, (K,) [app. as being likened to a booth.]

b15: The angle, or corner, or strongest side, syn. رُكْن, (Ks, Zj, K,) of a house, (Ks, Zj,) or [other] thing: (K:) pl. عُرُوشٌ. (Ks, Zj.) Accord. to some, the phrase in the Kur [ii. 261, mentioned above], خَاوِيَةٌ عَلَى عُرُوشِهَا, means Empty, and fallen to ruin upon its أَرْكَان [or angles, &c.]. (Ks, Zj, O.) b16: [Hence,] (tropical:) The head, or chief, who is the manager or regulator of the affairs, of a people, or company of men: (K:) likened to the عَرْش of a house. (TA.) b17: [Hence also,] (assumed tropical:) The means of support of a thing, or an affair. (A, O, K.) Hence the saying, ثُلَّ عَرْشُهُ, (O, K,) meaning (tropical:) His means of support became taken away: (TA:) or he perished: (A:) or he was slain; as also ↓ ثُلَّ عُرْشُهُ: (IDrd, in M, art. ثل:) or his might, or power, departed: (TA:) or his affairs, or state, became weak, and his might, or power, departed. (S, O. [See also art. ثل.] [For عَرْشٌ also signifies] b18: (tropical:) Might, or power: (Er-Rághib, K:) regal power; sovereignty; dominion: (IAar, Er-Rághib, K:) from the same word as signifying the throne, or seat, of a king. (Er-Rághib.) b19: And The protuberant part (S, O, K) in, (S, O,) or of, (K,) the upper surface of the foot, (S, O, K,) in which are the toes; (S, O, TA;) as also ↓ عُرْشٌ: pl. [of pauc.] أَعْرَاشٌ and [of mult.] عِرَشَةٌ: (O, TA:) and the part between the عَيْر [or prominent bone] and the toes, of the upper surface of the foot; as also ↓ عُرْشٌ: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) pls. the same as last mentioned above: (K:) or ↓ عُرْشٌ signifies the upper surface of the foot; and its lower surface is called the أَخْمَص. (IAar.) عُرْشٌ, both as a sing. and as a pl.: see عَرْشٌ, last sentence, in three places: b2: and the same paragraph, first and second sentences, in four places: and see ثُلَّ عُرْشُهُ in the latter part of the same paragraph. b3: العُرْشَانِ signifies Two oblong portions of flesh in the two sides of the neck, [app. the two sterno-mastoid muscles,] (S, A, O, K, TA,) between which are the vertebræ [of the neck]: (TA:) or in the base of the neck: (K:) or the base [itself] of the neck: so in the phrase ثَلَّ عُرْشَيْهِ: (IDrd and M in art ثل, q. v.:) or the أَخْدَعَانِ [or two branches of the occipital artery], (TA, as from the K, [in which I do not find it,]) which are (TA) [in] the two places of the cuppingvessels: (K, TA:) or the أَخْدَعَانِ are in the عُرْشَانِ: (Ibn-'Abbád, O:) or the عُرْش is a vein in the base of the neck: (Th, O:) or the عُرْشَانِ are [app. the two greater cornua of the os hyoides, which forms a support to the tongue; two bones in the لَهَاة [meaning furthest part of the mouth], which erect the tongue. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) It is related in a trad., respecting the slaying of Aboo-Jahl, that he said to Ibn-Mes'ood, خُذْ سَيْفِى فَاجْتَزَّ بِهِ رَأْسِي مِنْ عُرْشَيَّ [Take thou my sword, and cut with it my head from my عُرْشَانِ]. (O, TA.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) The ear: (K:) or (assumed tropical:) the two ears: because near to the عُرْشَانِ [properly so called]: hence the saying, نَفَثَ فِى عُرْشَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) He spoke secretly to him, or with him. (As, A, O.) b5: And The extremity of the hair of the mane of a horse: (IDrd, O, K:) or so العُرْشُ. (TA.) b6: Also, (K,) or العُرْشُ, (TA [and thus accord. to a verse there cited],) The bulky she-camel; as though her chest were cased like a well. (K, TA. [See 1.]) عَرِيشٌ: see عَرْشٌ, first and second sentences, in several places. b2: Also, (K,) or عَرِيشُ كَرْمٍ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) [The trellis of a grape-vine;] the structure made for a grape-vine, of sticks, or pieces of wood, in the form of a roof, upon which are put the branches, or shoots, of the vine; (K, * TA;) [also, but less commonly, called عَرْشٌ;] the structure made for a grape-vine to rise upon it; (Mgh;) the elevated structure upon which a grape-vine spreads itself: (Msb:) pl. عَرَائِشُ, (Mgh, Msb,) [and perhaps عِرَاشٌ also: see 8.]

b3: Also, عَرِيشٌ, A thing resembling a هَوْدَج, (S, O, K,) but not [exactly the same as] it, made for a woman, who sits in it upon her camel: (S, O:) so called as being likened in form to the عريش of a vine: (Er-Rághib:) or ↓ عَرِيشَةٌ, with ة, is the same as هودج; and its pl. is عَرَائِشُ, (Msb,) which signifies the same as هَوَادِجُ. (ISh, A.) b4: And An enclosure of the kind called حَظِيرَة, made for beasts, to protect them from the cold. (TA.) عَرِيشَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

عُرُوشَاتٌ Grape-vines. (TA.) كُرُومٌ مَعْرُشَاتٌ [Grape-vines furnished with, or trained upon, عَرَائِش, or trellises, pl. of عَرِيشٌ]. (S.) b2: بِئْرٌ مَعْرُوشَةٌ [A well cased with what is termed an عَرْش]. (S.) b3: Hence, (O,) مَعْرُوشُ الجَنْبَيْنِ A camel large in the sides. (O, K.)

قلب: قلب: قلب الرداء الشيء حوله وجعل أعلاه أسفله وباطنه ظاهره (محيط المحيط).
قلب على العدو: كر على العدو (بوشر) ضحكوا حتى قلبوا على قفــاهم: ضحكوا حتى وقعوا على قفــاهم. (ألف ليلة 1: 63) وفي المطبوع منها قلبوا وهو خطأ، لأنهم يستعملون انقلب مطاوع قلب بهذا المعنى.
قلب: صب، سكب. ففي ألف ليلة (1: 68).
أقعدت على السفرة باطية صينية وقلب فيها ماء خلاف.
قلب الأرض للزراعة: حولها بالقلب، عزق الأرض، حرث بالمر. (محيط المحيط، بوشر، عبد الواحد ص 23، ابن العوام 1: 55، 61، 71). والمصدر منه ليس قلبا فقط بل قليب أيضا. (لبن العوام 1، 22، 43، 71، 522، 2: 1).
وفي معجم بوشر: قلب الأرض بالمر: حرثها بالمر.
قلب الشيء للابتياع: تصفحه فرأى داخله وباطنه. (محيط المحيط).
قلب الأمر ظهرا لبطن: اختبره. (محيط المحيط).
قلب القوم: صرفهم. (محيط المحيط).
قلب: بدل، غير، حول. يقال مثلا: قلب الماء خمرا. (بوشر) وفي المقري (1: 444): سكره قلب مجلس الأنس حربا وقتالا.
مقلوب (اسم المفعول): ممسوخ، مسيخ، مخول الصورة. ففي باسم (ص80) وحين رأي باسما يفرط في الشراب قال في سره: والله ما هذا إلا عفريت مقلوب.
قلب الأعيان: تستعمل هذه الكلمة في الكلام عن المشعبذين الذين يوهمون الناس أنهم يبدلون الأشياء ويغيرونها. وليس عكس العينين وجعل أعلاها أسفلها كما ترجمها دي سلان الذي أخطأ فظن أن الأعيان هنا معناها العيون، ويظهر إنه لم يلاحظ أن عكس العيون وجعل أعلاها أسفلها خال من كل معنى. ففي المقدمة (2: 308): من يخيل أشياء من العجائب بإيهام قلب الأعيان. وفي المقري (3: 23):
فلله من أعيان قوم تآلفوا ... على عقد سحر أو على قلب أعيان
قلب أحمر: صار أحمر، احمر وجهه من الخجل (بوشر).
قلب: نابذ. (فوك) ولا أدري ما يعنيه بهذا فكلمة ماكس التي ذكرها مرادفة لهذه الكلمة معناها استحط ثمن البضاعة.
قلب (بالتشديد): عزق الأرض وحرثها بالمر. (بوشر، ابن العوام 1: 65).
قلب: يبس الكلأ وجففنه بأن جعل أعلاه سافله وسافله أعلاه وكرر ذلك. (بوشر).
قلب الورق: تصفحه. (بوشر).
قلب الرأي في: تردد في، تحير في، حار. (بوشر) وفي بسام (3: 39و): يقلب الرأي في أمره ظهره لبطنه.
قلب أبوابا في الحرب: قام بعدد من الحركات الحربية. (ألف ليلة 3: 275).
قلب: فحص: بحث، نقب. (هلو، المعجم اللاتيني العربي، معجم مسلم، المقري 2: 660).
قلب: تفقد المكان وفحصه وفتشه. وفتش المواضع والأشخاص. (بوشر).
قلب الشيء لشرائه: تصفحه وفحصه ورأى داخله وباطنه، ففيه (أماري ديب ص128، 143، 157، 197). وفي العقد الصقلي: بمعرفة الدار المذكورة بالنظر والعيان والخبرة والمشاهدة والتقليب. وتقال في الكلام عن تجار الرقيق الذين يفحصون الفتيات من الجواري. ففي ألف ليلة (1: 419): فقال له التاجر عن أذنك اكشف عن وجهها واقلبها كما يقلب الناس الجواري لأجل الاشتراء.
وفيها (1: 421): فاعتقد إنها تمنعه من التقليب.
وكذلك يقال: قلب المعادن بمعنى فحصها واختبرها. (المقدمة 3: 412).
قلب: قارن، قابل (الكالا) والمصدر تقليب.
قلب الكلام: افسد الكلام. (بوشر).
التقليب في المعاش: السعي في كسب القوت والاجتهاد فيه. (المقدمة 3: 8).
اقلب: عزق الأرض وحرثها بالمر، مثل قلب وقلب. (ابن العوام 1: 62).
اقلب: غير صوته وبدله. (ألف ليلة برسل 3: 251).
اقلب: حول إلى. ففي السعدية (النشيد 66): اقلب البحر يبيسا.
اقلب ذيله على رأسه: غطى رأسه بذيل ثوبه. (ألف ليلة برسل 2: 34).
اقلب: رقد قضيب الكرم، وقد الدالية. (ابن العوام 1: 3 ب، 185).
اقلب الخد: خلع الفك، مزق الفك. (الكالا).
تقلب: تحول من جنب إلى جنب. ففي رايسكه (في معجم فريتاج) في الكلام عن المضطجع الذي لا يقدر على أن ينام: اضطرب وتحول من جنب إلى جنب في سريره. (دي ساسي طرائف 1: 36).
وفي معجم فوك: اضطرب في سريره حين لم يستطع النوم.
تقلب السمك خارج الماء: اختلج، ارتعص، اهتز. (كليلة ودمنة ص250).
تقلب في الهواء، في الكلام عن الرقاص: قفــز في الهواء واستدار على نفسه. (ابن بطوطة 4: 412).
تقلب: فرفر، تلون، لم يثبت على حال. (فوك).
تقلب به: تصرف به. ففي كتاب عبد الواحد (ص165): واذكر لك هذا لتنظر كيف تقلب الأيام بأهلها.
تقلب: انتقل من مكان إلى آخر: ففي بسام (1: 85و): غلب عليه الفالج لكنه لم يعدمه حركة ولا تقلبا. وفي كتاب عبد الواحد (80): تقلب في بلاد الأندلس.
تقلب: تصرف كما يشاء. ففي قصة عنتر (ص14): وكانوا لا يخضعون لشريعة ولا قانون يتقلبوا تحت المشية والقدرة. أي يفعلون ما يشاءون وما يقدرون عليه.
تقلب في: مرادف تصرف في. ففي محيط المحيط والقاموس المحيط: تقلب في الأمور تصرف فيها كيف شاء. وفي الإدريسي (القسم الثاني، الفصل السادس ص6): تجارات يتقلبون فيها ويتغيشون منها.
وفي (أماري ديب ص46): التصرف في تجارتهم والتقلب في بضاعتهم. (انظر رحلة ابن جبير ص95).
تقلب: تحول، تغير. (بوشر). متقلب: متغير، قابل للتغير والتحول. (ويجرز ص28).
تقلب: تناوب، تعاقب، تتالى. ففي كوسج (طرائف ص96): يتقلب على ظهور الخبل، أي يركب مرة هذا الحصان ومرة حصانا آخر.
تقلب: حرث الأرض بالمر، وعزقها. مثل: قلب وقلب وأقلب. (ابن العوام 63:1).
انقلب: وردت في عبارة للماوردي (ص76) وقد أسيء تفسيرها في معجمه وهي: فلا ينقلب أحد منكم إلا بفداء أو ضربة عنق. ومعنى هذا الفعل هو المعنى المألوف وهو رجع وانصرف إلى أهله. غير أن ذكر الكلمتين ضربة عنق غير منطقي فما معنى يرجع بضربه عنق.
انقلب عليه: ضاده، خالفه، صار ضده.
ففي ويجرز (ص28) عليك أن تقرأ: وعلم أن الناس متقلبون، وعلى من انقلب عليهم الدهر منقلبون.
انقلب: سقط على قفــاه (كليلة ودمنة ص174). وفي (ألف ليلة 1: 64، 65): ضحكوا حتى انقلبوا على قفــاهم.
انقلبت المدينة: كانت المدينة في حركة. ففي ألف ليلة (1: 95): وانقلبت المدينة لأجلي وصاروا يتفرجون علي.
انقلب: انهار، وسقط. (بوشر). وفي ألف ليلة (1: 99): وصرخ علينا صرخة تخيل لنا أن القصر انقلب علينا.
انقلب: ترجح، ارتجح، اهتز في الأرجوحة (بوشر).
انقلب: تحول، تبدل. يقال مثلا: انقلب انقلب الجبل ذهبا. (بوشر، ألف ليلة 1: 98).
وفي ألف ليلة (1: 10): فانقلب العفريت في صورة أسد (3: 57).
انقلبت البهائم: ماتت. (فوك).
اقتلب: أصيب بداء النقطة، أصيب بالصرع. (فوك).
قلب: تستعمل بمعنى أبان وأوان في مثل قولهم قلب الشتاء (تقويم ص112).
ويقال أيضا: قلب الزريعة أي أوان البذر، موسم الزرع. (تقويم ص109).
قلبه حاضر: رابط الجاش، حاضر الفكر (بوشر).
على قلب واحد: بالإجماع، على رأي واحد. (فوك).
قلب: بهجة، جذل، بشاشة، سرور، انشراح، ابتهاج فرح. ففي رياض النفوس (ص79 و): سأل الولي أبو جعفر أحمد خادمه الفتى لماذا أنت حزين؟ فقال له قلبي ما وجدت منه ما أحب فقال له أبو جعفر عمك أحمد (يريد أنا) له تسعون سنة ماله قلب تحب أنت أن يكون لك قلب.
قلب: جهد، مجهود، كد. (الكالا).
أخذ بقلبه: انظرها في مادة أخذ.
ذو القلبين: جميل بن معمر الشاعر (محيط المحيط). لأنه كان من أحفظ العرب (تاج العروس).
قلب اللوز والفستق والبندق: لبه الذي نزع عنه قشره. ففي المقدسي (ص180): ومن مآب قلوب اللوز. وفيه (ص393): والروذة وبوسنة معادن اللوز من القلوب بأربعة دوانيق.
وقد أستعمل قلب لوز وقلب فستق وقلب بندق الخ اسما للجمع بدل قلوب لوز. وفي ألف ليلة (1: 56) إن امرأة اشترت من نقلى قلب فستق وقلب لوز.
وفي برسا (1: 149): قلب بندق، وفي طبعة كلكتا القديمة لسنة1814 (1: 155): لب الفستق، وهو يدل على نفس المعنى. وفي أماري (ديب ص202): زيت طيب وعسل نحل وصبون وبندق وقلب لوز.
وفي حكاية باسم الحداد (ص109): أكل قطعة لحم وقلب فستق، وفي معجم بوشر: قلب جوز: نصف جوزة خضراء أزيل عنها قشرها.
قلب، والجمع قلوبات، وقلوبات سكر: ملبس، وهو خليط من اللوز والفستق والبندق مغطى بالسكر.
ويقال: قلوبات فقط، ففي المقريزي (2: 230): أربع خوافق صيني مملوءة طعاما مفتخرا بالقلوبات ونحوها. وفي ألف ليلة (برسل 1: 149)، وكانت السيدة قد أخذت ما تحتاج إليه من جميع القلوبات والمكسرات. وفيها (برسل 2: 87) نقدم له زبدية حبرمان وخثره بقلوبات سكر. وفيها (برسل 2: 89): قد طبخ حبرمان هائل محلا مخثر بجلاب مختوم بالماء الورد والقلوبات. وفيها (برسل 12: 91): بأنواع الأطعمة بالقلوبات والسكر. والصواب بالقلوبات.
قلب، والجمع قلوب: رأس مدور من الملفوف والخش. ووسط الفاكهة البقول الذي لا يؤكل (بوشر). وقد نقل بوشار من هيروزيكون (1: 36).
الحديث: كان طعام يحيى عليه السلام الحردا (الجراد) وقلوب الشجر، وقال الشارح: هو الذي ينبت في وسطها غضا طريا قبل أن يقوى ويصلب. وفي ابن البيطار (1: 13): وقد يفعل ذلك ماء طبيخ قلوب أطراف الشجرة نفسها.
قلب: السعف في أعلى جذع النخلة. ففي ألف ليلة (1: 322): طلع فوق النخلة وتدارى (وتوارى) في قلبها.
قلب البيت: أرى أن يترجم قلب البيت عند البكري (ص20) بما معناه أعلى البيت، فهو يقول: في مدخل الميناء الضحل بناية عالية هي دليل الملاحين، فإذا رأى قلب البيت أصحاب السفن- اداروها إلى مواضع معلومة. وقد ترجم كل من كاترميرودي سلان كلمة قلب بما معناه: وسط، وأرى أن هذا لا يلائم المعنى.
قلب: جناس التصحيف، وهو عكس ترتيب حروف الكلمة لتكون كلمة لها معنى آخر. وهو إما قام وهو عكس حروف الكلمة مثل حلب فإذا قلبت صارت بلح. (وهو في معجم بوشر قلب وهو خطأ).
وقلب وداع: عادو. وفي المقري (1: 61) بيت للأحنف هو:
حشامك فيه للأحباب فتح ... ورمحك فيه للأعداء حتف
وأما ناقص، مثل قولهم: اللهم استر عوارتنا وآمن روعاتنا. (انظر: ميهرن بلاغة، ومحيط المحيط).
قلب: نقد قلب: نقد زائف (بوشر) ويذكر هذا المعنى في المعاجم الفارسية.
قلوب: لابد أنها مرادفة قوالب، لأنهم يقولون قلوب الجامات كما يقولون قوالب الجامات (انظرها في مادة جام).
قلب: بطارخ، نوع من الكافيار المضغوط المجفف. ففي ألف ليلة (برسل 10: 153): وبقي عنده جبن وزيتون وقلب بطارخ (وقد سقطت كلمة قلب من طبعة ماكن) وكذلك في (برسل 10: 454) وإني أجهل معناها.
على قلبك: تقال جوابا لبارك الله فيك، كما تقال لشارب الماء بمعنى هنيئا (بوشر).
في قلبك: في ألف ليلة (برسل 9: 312): وقالوا له أن مال أبينا في قلبك ومعناها في حوزتك وحيازتك لأن في طبعة ماكن: عندك.
وإني أميل إلى إبدال في قلبك بكلمة قبلك وهي مرادف عندك تماما.
في قلب بعضهم: بعضهم بعوض بعضا (بوشر).
قلب الأرض= سورنجان. (المستعيني في مادة سورنجان).
قلب الأسد: ثمانية كواكب في كوكبة الأسد. (ألف استرون 1: 69، دورن ص54).
قلب الثور: اسم يطلق على نوع من الزيتون الضخم الحجم والذي دق طرفه كالكمثري.
قلب: جزدان، كيس نقود. (شيرب).
قلب حجر: أسم ثوب وهو نوع من المنصورية. (انظر: منصورية). (المقري 3: 643).
قلب المحزون: ترنجان، بقلة الضب، (المستعيني مادة باذرنجويه).
قلب الطير: صنف من الأجاص الصغير. (بوشر). (انسورث في ريتر اركنده) (11: 501).
قلوب الطير: هيوفاريقون، داذي عند أهل المغرب. (معجم المنصوري في مادة هيوفارقيون).
قلب القرآن: سورة يس، وهي السورة السادسة والثلاثون. (رياض النفوس ص98 و، دسكرياك ص149).
أرباب القلوب: الصوفية (المقري 1: 568).
عمل قلبه: جخف، فخر، افتخر، عظم شأنه. (بوشر).
أفعال القلوب: هي حسب وظن ورأى ووجد وعلم وزعم وخال. وقد أطلق عليها هذا الاسم لأن معانيها قائمة بالقلب مثل علم ورأى ووجد، (دي ساسي قواعد 2: 580).
وجع القلب: صداع. (جاكسون ص153). قلب. (ابن البيطار يذكر ضبط هذه الكلمة ونقطها وذلك مذكور في مخطوطتي المستعيني): فضة (ابن البيطار 2: 313).
قلب: كاسر الحجر، سكس افراغية، ليثو سفرمن. (ابن البيطار 2: 312). وقد أطلق هذا الاسم على هذا النبات لأن بزره أبيض صلب كالفضة. (المستعيني، معجم المنصوري).
قلب الماس: نوع من السمك. (ابن بطوطة 4: 112، 211).
قلبة: اسم الوحدة من قلب مصدر قلب.
فعند أبي الوليد (ص614): يقلبك قلبة ويديرك إدارة.
قلبة: قمح مسلوق عند بعض العامة (محيط المحيط).
قلوب: مقام، نغمة موسيقية، مقام الألحان (صفة مصر 14: 29). قليب: قبر (رايت 113).
قليب: مصدر قلب بمعنى عزق الأرض وحرثها بالمر (انظر قلب) ويجمع على قلب. ففي ابن العوام (2: 10، 17): وأفضل القليب ما عمل أربع قلب (والقلب هنا تدل على المعنى الذي يلي).
قليب: أرض محروثة. ففي ابن العوام (2: 518): وهذه الأرض إذا فعل بها هذا الفعل صلحت وهي تسمى القليب. (واقرأ فيه ويأتي كما جاء في مخطوطتنا بدل وما في) (17: 20).
وفي معجم فوك: قليب أرض محروثة والجمع قلائب. وفي العقد الطليطلي في الكلام عن حاصل الزراعة في العام التالي الجمع قلالب. ففيه: وثلث ما يضم من شراب وثلث جميع القلالب حيث ما عرف له قليب في الثلاثة قرى.
قليبات: قنبيط الشتاءن نوع من الملفوف الايطالي، أو شكير الملفوف. (بوشر).
قلاب: متقلب. 0فوك) ومتغير، متحرك، متنقل، متبدل. (بوشر).
قلاب اللون: متلون، متقلب اللون. (بوشر).
قلابات: نوع من الحمام تنقلب في طيرانها.
قلابة: حديدة تقلب بها سقاطة الباب (محيط المحيط).
قالب، وقالب، وفتح اللام اكثر (محيط المحيط) وكسر اللام في معجم فوك والكالا، والجمع قوالب وقواليب (ويقول صاحب محيط المحيط إنما أشبع الكسرة ليزاوج بينها وبين أساليب وقد ذكرها الحريري في مقامته العشرين. وقد وردت كلمة قواليب في لطائف الثعالبي (ص129).
وهذه الكلمة مأخوذة من الكلمة اليونانية كالأبوس التي معناها في الأصل شكل، هيئة، نموذج، مثال. وتدخل في الحذاء ليستقيم شكله.
(فليشر، معجم ص72، الكالا، محيط المحيط، ألف ليلة 4: 681).
قالب: قالب حذاء وهو أداة لتوسيع الأحذية (بوشر).
قالب: ما تفرغ فيه المعادن وغيرها ليكون مثالا لما يصاغ منها (الكالا، هلو، دي ساسي طرائف 1: 235). ويقال مجازا: صب على (أو قي) قالب فلان: قلد فلانا وسار سيرته. (عباد 3: 39، 56 رقم 4).
قالب: قبقاب من الخشب سميك النعل عالي الكعب كان النساء يحتذينه لتطول قامتهن.
وقد أنبأني بذلك السيد دي غويه، وأنا أعرف هذا المعنى وقد جاء في الحديث وقد نقل السيد دي غويه من الفائق (2: 366) هذه العبارة: كان الرجال والنساء في بني إسرائيل يصلون القالبين تطاول بهما لخليلها فألقي عليهن الحيض. فسر القالبان بالرقيصين من الخشب والرقيص النعل بلغة اليمن وإنما القي عليهن الحيض عقوبة لئلا يشهدن الجماعة مع الرجال.
ويرى صديقي العلامة أن هذه الكلمة تدل على هذا المعنى في عبارة ألف ليلة (برسل 2: 195) التي أربكتني وهي: والصبية قد أقبلت بقوج وقالب وعصبة وروائح طيبة.
قالب: صندوق من رصاص. ففي لطائف الثعالبي (ص129): وكانوا ينقلون الرقي (البطيخ الأحمر) في قواليب الرصاص معبأة بالثلج.
سكر قالب: رأس سكر. (هوست ص 271، مارتن ص30).
قالب سكر: رأس سكر (بوشر، ألف ليلة 1: 125). قالب جبن: راس جبن، قطعة جبن (همبرت ص12).
قالب طوب؛ أجرة. (بوشر، همبرت ص190).
قالب: ختم، طابع، خاتم، راسوم، مهر. (ابن بطوطة 2: 91، المقدمة 3: 130).
قالب: مطبعة، آلة الطبع (الكالا).
صاحب قالب: صاحب مطبعة (الكالا).
قالب: عيار، سعة أنبوب السلاح الناري (هلو) وأرى أن أهل الجزائر يستعملون اليوم كلمة قالب بهذا المعنى وأنهم أخذوها من الفرنسية Calibre ولا أزال أصر على أن كلمة Calibre من أصل لاتيني على الرغم من أن السيد دفيك (ص79) له رأي آخر. وكلمة Calibre التي ذكرت في القسم الثاني من معجم فيكتور القديم جديرة بالاعتبار فهو يترجم الكلمة الفرنسية Calibre بالكلمة الإيطالية calibre, peso ugual وبالكلمة الأسبانية equilibrio و peso ygual قالب: مشطرة، اداة لتخطيط الخطوط المستقيمة (همبرت ص83).
قالب: منهج، نظام، قاعدة. (هلو).
قالب: مظهر الرجل. ففي كتاب عبد الواحد (ص62): وجعلت أتحدث معه على طريق السخرية به والضحك على قالبه.
اخرج القالب: قلد مظهر الرجل وإشاراته، حاكاه. (فوك) = حكى انظرها).
قالب: جسم، نقيض قلب وروح. ففي روتجرز (ص145): قيامه معه في حروبه بقلبه وقالبه.
وفي ميرشند (سلجوق ص69 طبعة فلرز): أنت إذا غبت عنا بالقالب فأنت حاضر عندنا في القلب والفرس يقولون: قالب بي روح: جسم بلا روح.
اقلب: اكثر تغيرا. (المفصل ص186).
تقلب. والجمع تقلبات (هذا ما كان فريتاج أن يكتبه وليست تقلبة. ونفس هذه الملاحظة تنطبق على تقلبية): تغير، تلون، تبدل، تحول (بوشر، المقري 1: 134).
تقلب: تردد، تحير، (بوشر).
تقلب: ميخ، تحول وتغير في الصورة والمظهر (بوشر).
تقلب: ثورة. (بوشر).
تقلب: ترجل عن الفرس، وعن البغل. (الكالا).
تقلبة: قلبة، كبة، انقلاب، ويقال: ضرب تقلبة أي تشقلب.
تقليب: نموذج، عينة، (نمونة)، مسطرة، (الكالا).
وقد ذكر: استخبار، ثم ذكر بعد ذلك: muestra en otra manera تقليب. ولا أدري ماذا يعني.
تقليب النفس: عند الأطباء الجهد الذي تقوم به المعدة التقيؤ. وفي معجم المنصوري: هو حركة المعدة بالقيء وهو التهوع.
مقلب: مقلب، حاشدة، قطعة من البندقية يضرب عليها ديك البندقية. (بوشر).
شقلبا مقلبا: بلا نظام، خبط عشواء. (بوشر). مقلوب: التشبيه المقلوب: التشبيه المعكوس، كما في قول الشاعر:
وبدا الصباح كأن غرته ... وجه الخليفة حين يمتدح
(ميهرن بلاغة ص25).
رأس بالمقلوب: رأس مختصل التفكير. (بوشر).
مقلوب: قفــا القماش، ضد وجه القماش (هلو).
مقلوب: مرقد، يقال دالية من الكرم مقلوبة أي دفنت في الأرض لتبت لها جذور. (ابن العوام 1: 187) وانظر: اقلب.
حديث مقلوب: حديث عرف بأنه قد رواه بعض الرواة غير أن إسناده قد نسب إلى راو آخر (دي سلان المقدمة 2: 585).
مقلوب: النغم السابع. وقد أطلق عليه هذا الاسم لأنه يدل على العودة إلى سلم الأنغام فبعد أن يترفعوا إلى النغم الثامن يعودوا إليه. (صفة مصر 14: 18).
مقلوب: جثة، جيفة حيوان، رمة (فوك).
انقلاب: منقلب، مدار انقلاب الشمس الصيفي أو الشتائي. (بوشر، ابن العوام 2: 378، 186).
دائرة الانقلاب: مدار، دائرة المدار، يقال مثلا: مدار السرطان (المنقلب الصيفي) ومدار الجدي (المنقلب الشتوي). (بوشر).

قلب

1 قَلَبَهُ, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K.) inf. n. قَلْبٌ, (Msb,) He altered, or changed, its, or his, mode, or manner, of being; (A, Mgh, Msb, * K;) and ↓ قلّبهُ signifies the same, (K,) or is like قَلَبَهُ in the sense expl. above and in other senses but denotes intensiveness and muchness; (Msb;) and ↓ اقلبهُ also signifies the same as قَلَبَهُ in the sense expl. above, (K,) on the authority of Lh, but is of weak authority. (TA.) Hence, (Mgh,) He inverted it; turned it upside-down; turned it so as to make its upper most part its undermost; (S, * A, * Mgh, Msb;) namely, a thing; (S;) for instance, a [garment of the kind called] رِدَآء: (A, * Mgh:) and ↓ قلّبهُ has a similar meaning, but [properly] denotes intensiveness and muchness. (Msb. See two exs. of the latter verb voce قَلَبَةٌ.) And, (A, K,) like ↓ قلّبهُ, [except that the latter properly denotes intensiveness and muchness,] (K,) it signifies حَوَّلَهُ ظَهْرًا لِبَطْنٍ (A, K) [He turned it over, or upsidedown as meaning so that the upper side became the under side; lit. back for belly; accord. to the TA, meaning back upon belly (ظَهْرًا عَلَى بَطْنٍ); but this is hardly conceivable; whereas the former explanation is obviously right in another case: (see 5:) and another meaning of قَلَبَهُ and ↓ قُلبهُ, i. e. he turned it inside-out, is indicated in the TA by its being added, so that he knew what was in it]. b2: See an ex. voce قَلَابِ. One says, قَلَبَ كَلَامًا [meaning He altered, or changed, the order of the words of a sentence or the like, by inversion, or by any transposition]. (TA.) [And in like manner, قَلَبَ كَلِمَةً He altered, or changed, the order of the letters of a word, by inversion, or by any transposition.] Es-Sakháwee says, in the Expos. of the Mufassal, that when they transpose [the letters of a word], they do not assign to the [transformed] derivative an inf. n., lest it should be confounded with the original, using only the inf. n. of the original that it may be an evidence of the originality [of the application of the latter to denote the signification common to both]: thus they say يَئِسَ, inf. n. يَأْسٌ; and أَيِسَ is مِنْهُ ↓ مَقْلُوبٌ [i. e. formed by transposition, or metathesis, from it], and has no inf. n.: when the two inf. ns. exist, the grammarians decide that each of the two verbs is [to be regarded as] an original, and that neither is مقلوب from the other, as in the case of جَذَبَ and جَبَذَ: but the lexicologists [in general] assert that all such are [of the class termed]

مقلوب. (Mz, close of the 33rd نوع.) [and قَلَبَ likewise signifies He changed, or converted, a letter into another letter; the verb in this sense being doubly trans.: for ex., one says, قَلَبَ الوَاوَ يَآءً He changed, or converted, the و into ى.] b3: And [hence] one says, قَلَبَهُ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ (assumed tropical:) He turned him [from his manner, way, or course, of acting, or proceeding, &c.]: and Lh has mentioned ↓ اقلبهُ [in the same sense], but as being disapproved. (TA.) And قَلَبَ الصِّبْيَانَ (tropical:) He (the teacher) turned away [or dismissed] the boys to their dwellings: (Th, A, TA:) or sent them [away], and returned them, to their abodes: and Lh has mentioned ↓ اقلبهم as a dial. var. of weak authority, saying that the former verb is that which is used by the Arabs in this and other [similar] cases. (TA.) And قَلَبْتُ القَوْمَ (assumed tropical:) I turned away [or dismissed] the people, or party; (Th, S, O;) like as you say صَرَفْتُ الصِّبْيَانَ. (Th, S.) And قَلَبَ اللّٰهُ فُلَانًا إِلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) [God translated such a one unto Himself, by death: meaning God took his soul]; as also ↓ اقلبه; (K, TA;) whence the saying of Anooshirwán, اللّٰهُ مُقْلَبَ أَوْلِيَائِهِ ↓ أَقْلَبَكُمُ (assumed tropical:) [May God translate you with the translating of his favourites (مقلب being here an inf. n.), meaning, as He translates his favourites]. (TA.) b4: And قَلَبَ عَيْنَهُ, and حِمْلَاقَهُ, (TA,) or حِمْلَاقَ عَيْنِهِ, (A,) [He turned about, or rolled, his eye, and therefore the parts of his eye that are occasionally covered by the eyelids,] on the occasion of anger, (A, TA,) and of threatening. (TA.) b5: قَلَبَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. قَلْبٌ; and ↓ اقلب likewise, but this is of weak authority, mentioned by Lh; signify also He turned over bread, and the like, when the upper part thereof was thoroughly baked, in order that the under side might become so. (TA.) And you say, قَلَبْتُ الإِنَآءَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ [I turned over the vessel upon its head]. (Msb, in explanation of كَبَبْتُ الإِنَآءَ.) And قَلَبْتُ الأَرْضَ لِلزِّرَاعَةِ [I turned over the earth for sowing]: and ↓ قَلَّبْتُهَا, also, I did so much.] (Msb.) And يُقْلَبُ التُّرَابُ بِالحَفْرِ [The earth is turned over in digging]: whence قَلَبْتُ قَلِيبًا means I dug a well. (A.) b6: And [hence also] one says, قَلَبْتُ الشَّىْءَ لِلْاِبْتِيَاعِ I turned over the thing, or (assumed tropical:) I examined the several parts, or portions, of the thing, (تَصَفَّحْتُهُ,) [or I turned over the thing for the purpose of examining it,] with a view to purchasing, and saw its outer part or side, and its inner part or side: and ↓ قَلَّبْتُهُ, also, I did so much. (Msb.) And قَلَبَ السِّلْعَةَ (tropical:) He (a trafficker) examined the commodity, and scrutinized its condition: and ↓ قَلَّبَهَا, also, he did so [much]. (A.) And قَلَبَ الدَّابَّةَ and الغُلَامَ (tropical:) [He examined, &c., the beast, or horse, or the like, and the youth, or young man, or male slave]: (A:) and قَلَبَ المَمْلُوكَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. قَلْبٌ, (tropical:) he uncovered and examined the male slave, to look at [or to see] his defects, on the occasion of purchasing. (O, TA.) And قَلَبْتُ الأَمْرَ ظَهْرًا لِبَطْنٍ (assumed tropical:) I considered [or turned over in my mind] what might be the issues, or results, of the affair, or case: and ↓ قَلَّبْتُهُ, also, I did so much. (Msb.) A2: قَلَبٌ signifies اِنْقِلابٌ, (S, A, O, K, TA,) meaning A turning outward, (TK,) and being flabby, (TA,) of the lip, (S, A, O, K,) or of the upper lip, (TA,) of a man: (S, A, O, K, TA:) it is the inf. n. of قَلِبَت said of the lip (الشَّفَةُ); (TA;) [and also, accord. to the TK, of قَلِبَ said of a man as meaning His lip had what is termed قَلَبٌ:] and hence ↓ أَقْلَبُ as an epithet applied to a man; and [its fem.] ↓ قَلْبَآء as an epithet applied to a lip. (S, A, O, K, TA.) A3: قَلَبَهُ, (S, A, O, K,) aor. ـُ (Lh, K) and قَلِبَ, (K,) He (a man, S, O) hit his heart. (S, A, O, K.) And It (a disease) affected, or attacked, his heart. (A.) and قُلِبَ He (a man) was affected, or attacked, by a pain in his heart, (Fr, A, * TA,) from which one hardly, or nowise, becomes free. (Fr, TA.) and قُلِبَ said of a camel, (As, S, O, K, TA,) inf. n. قُلَابٌ, (As, S, TA,) He was attacked by the disease called قُلَاب expl. below: (As, S, O, K, TA:) or he was attacked suddenly by the [pestilence termed] غُدَّة, and died in consequence. (As, TA.) b2: [Hence,] قَلَبَ النَّخْلَةَ (tropical:) He plucked out the قَلْب, or قُلْب, meaning heart, of the palm-tree. (S, A, O, K.) b3: And قَلَبَتِ البُسْرَةُ (assumed tropical:) The unripe date became red. (S, O, K.) 2 قَلَّبَ see 1, first quarter, in four places. Yousay, قَلَّبْتُهُ بِيَدِى [I turned it over and over with my hand], inf. n. تَقْلِيبٌ. (S.) [And hence several other significations mentioned above.] See, again, 1, latter half, in four places. b2: فَأَصْبَحَ يُقَلِّبُ كَفَّيْهِ, (A, O,) in the Kur [xviii. 40], (O,) means فاصبح يقلّب كفّيه ظَهْرًا لِبَطْنٍ [and he began to turn his hands upside-down, or to do so repeatedly,] in grief, or regret: (Bd:) or (tropical:) he became in the state, or condition, of repenting, or grieving: (Ksh, A, O:) for تَقْلِيبُ الكَفَّيْنِ is an action of him who is repenting, or grieving; (Ksh, O:) and therefore metonymically denotes repentance, or grief, like عَضُّ الكَفِّ and السُّقُوطُ فِى اليَدِ. (Ksh.) b3: [تَقْلِيبُ المَالِ لِغَرَضِ الرِّبْحِ occurs in the A, in art. تجر, as an explanation of التِّجَارَةُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) The employing of property, or turning it to use, in various ways, for the purpose of gain.] And you say, قَلَّبْتُهُ فِى الأَمْرِ, meaning صَرَّفْتُهُ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) I employed him to act in whatever way he pleased, according to his own judgment or discretion or free will, or I made him a free agent, in the affair: or I made him, or employed him, to practise versatility, or to use art or artifice or cunning, in the affair: and simply, I employed him in the managing of the affair]. (K in art. صرف.) [And قَلَّبَ الفِكَرَ فِى أمّرٍ (assumed tropical:) He turned over and over, or revolved repeatedly, in his mind, thoughts, considerations, or ideas, with a view to the attainment of some object, in relation to an affair.] And قلّب الأُمُورَ, (TA,) inf. n. تَقْلِيبٌ, (S, K, TA,) (tropical:) He investigated, scrutinized, or examined, affairs, [or turned them over and over in his mind, meditating what he should do,] and considered what would be their results. (TA.) وَقَلَّبُوا لَكَ الأُمُورَ is a phrase occurring in the Kur-án [ix. 48,] (Msb,) and is tropical, (A,) meaning (tropical:) [And they turned over and over in their minds affairs, meditating what they should do to thee: or] they turned over [repeatedly in their minds] thoughts, or considerations, concerning the beguiling, or circumventing, thee, and the rendering thy religion ineffectual]: (Jel:) or they meditated, or devised, in relation to thee, wiles, artifices, plots, or stratagems; and [more agreeably with the primary import of the verb] they revolved ideas, or opinions, respecting the frustrating of thy affair. (Ksh, Bd.) 4 أَقْلَبَ see 1, in six places. [اقلبهُ, said of God, also signifies (assumed tropical:) He made him to return from a journey: see an ex. in the first paragraph of art. صحب. (In the phrase أَقْبِلْنَا بِذِمَّةٍ, expl. in the TA in art. دم as meaning Restore us to our family in safety, أَقْبِلْنَا is a mistranscription for أَقْلِبْنَا.)]

A2: اقلب as intrans., said of bread [and the like], It became fit to be turned over [in order that the other side might become thoroughly baked]. (S, O, K.) b2: And اقلب العِنَبُ The grapes became dry, or tough, externally, (K, TA,) and were therefore turned over, or shifted. (TA.) A3: Also He had his camels attacked by the disease called قُلَاب. (S, O, K.) 5 تقلّب الشَّىْءُ ظَهْرًا لبِطْنٍ [The thing turned over and over, or upside-down as meaning so that the upper side became the under side, (lit. back for belly,) doing so much, or repeatedly], like as does the serpent upon the ground vehemently heated by the sun. (S, O, TA.) تقلّب said of a man's face [&c.] signifies تصرّف [i. e. It turned about, properly meaning much, or in various ways or directions; or it was, or became, turned about, &c.]. (Jel in ii. 139.) And تَتَقَلَّبُ فِيهِ الْقُلُوبُ وَالْأَبْصَارُ, in the Kur [xxiv. 37], means In which the hearts and the eyes shall be in a state of commotion, or agitation, by reason of fear, (Zj, Jel, TA,) and impatience; (Zj, TA;) the hearts between safety and perdition, and the eyes between the right side and the left. (Jel.) And فِى تَقَلُّبِهِمْ, in the Kur xvi. 48, means (assumed tropical:) In their journeyings for traffic. (Jel. [See also the Kur iii. 196, and xl. 4.]) You say, تقلّب فِى البِلَادِ, (TA,) and فى الأُمُورِ, (K, TA,) meaning تَصَرَّفَ فِيهَا كَيْفَ شَآءَ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) He acted in whatsoever way he pleased, according to his own judgment or discretion or free will, or as a free agent, in journeying, for traffic or otherwise, in the country, and in the disposal, or management, of affairs: and simply, he employed himself in journeying, for traffic or otherwise, in the country, and in the disposal, or management, of affairs: or تقلّب فى الامور means he practised versatility, or used art or artifice or cunning, in the disposal, or management, of affairs]. (K, * TA.) and هُوَ يَتَقَلَّبُ فِى أَعْمَالِ السُّلْطَانِ (tropical:) He acts as he pleases, &c., or simply he employs himself, in the offices of administration, or in the provinces, of the Sultán]. (A.) 7 انقلب, of which مُنْقَلَبٌ is an inf. n., (S, O, K, TA,) syn. with اِنقِلَابٌ, (TA,) and also a n. of place, (S, O, K, TA,) like مُنْصَرَفٌ, (S, O, TA,) is quasi-pass. of قَلَبْتُهُ: (S, O:) it signifies It, or he, was, or became, altered, or changed, from its, or his, mode, or manner, of being: (TA:) [and hence,] it (a thing) became inverted, or turned upside-down [&c.: see 1]. (S.) b2: And [hence] الاِنْقِلَابُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ means (assumed tropical:) The transition, and the being translated, or removed, to God, by death: and [in like manner] المُنْقَلَبُ means the transition [&c.], of men, to the final abode. (TA. [See an ex. in p. 132, sec. col., from the Kur xxvi. last verse.]) b3: And الاِنْقِلَابُ means also (assumed tropical:) The returning, in an absolute sense: and, as also المُنْقَلَبُ, particularly, from a journey, and to one's home: thus, in a trad., in the prayer relating to journeying, أُعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ كَآبَةِ المُنْقَلَبِ (assumed tropical:) [I seek protection by Thee from the being in an evil state in respect of the returning from my journeying to my home]; i. e., from my returning to my dwelling and seeing what may grieve me. (TA.) The saying in the Kur xxii. 11 وَإِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ فِتْنَةٌ انْقَلَبَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ means (assumed tropical:) And if trial befall him, and [particularly such as] disease in himself and his cattle, he returns [to his former way, i. e., in this case,] to infidelity. (Jel. [See also other exs. in the Kur in ii. 138 and iii. 138.]) And one says, انقلب عَنِ العَهْدِ [meaning (assumed tropical:) He withdrew, or receded, from the covenant, compact, agreement, or engagement]. (S in art. حول.) [See also an ex. from the Kur-án (lxvii. 4) voce خَاسِئٌ.]

قَلْبٌ The heart; syn. فُؤَادٌ: (Lh, T, S, M, O, Msb, K, &c.:) or [accord. to some] it has a more special signification than the latter word: (O, K:) [for] some say that فؤاد signifies the “ appendages of the مَرِىْء [or œsophagus], consisting of the liver and lungs and قَلْب [or heart]: ” (K in art. فأد:) [and, agreeably with this assertion,] it is said that the قلب is a lump of flesh, pertaining to the فؤاد, suspended to the نِيَاط [q. v.]: Az says, I have observed that some of the Arabs call the whole flesh of the قلب, its fat, and its حِجَاب [or septum?], قَلْب and فُؤَاد; and I have not observed them to distinguish between the two [words]; but I do not deny that the [word]

قلب may be [applied by some to] the black clot of blood in its interior: MF mentions that فؤاد is said to signify the “ receptacle,” or “ covering,” of the heart, (وِعَآءُ القَلْبِ, or غِشَاؤُهُ, [i. e. the pericardium,]) or, accord. to some, its “ interior: ” the قَلْب is said to be so called from its تَقَلُّب: [see 5:] the word is of the masc. gender: and the pl. is قُلُوبٌ. (TA.) بَنَاتُ القَلْبِ means (assumed tropical:) The several parts, or portions, [or, perhaps, appertenances,] of the heart. (TA in art. بنى.) [And قَلْبٌ is also used as meaning The stomach, which is often thus termed in the present day: so, for ex., in an explanation of طَنِخ, q. v.] b2: قَلْبُ العَقْرَبِ (also called simply, القَلْبُ, Kzw) is (assumed tropical:) A certain bright star, [the star a in Scorpio,] between two other stars, which is one of the Mansions of the Moon, (S, O,) namely, the Eighteenth Mansion; so called because it is in the heart of Scorpio: (MF:) [it rose aurorally, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, in Central Arabia, together with النَّسْرُ الوَقِعُ (a of Libra) on the 25th of November, O. S.: (see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل:)] the commencement of the period when the cattle breed in the desert is at the time of its [auroral] rising and the [auroral] rising of النسر الواقع; these two stars rising together, in the cold season: the Arabs say, القَلبْ جَآءَ الشِّتَآءُ كَالْكَلْبْ [When the heart of the Scorpion rises, the winter comes like the dog]: and they regard its نَوْء [q. v.] as unlucky; and dislike journeying when the moon is in Scorpio: at its نَوْء [meaning auroral rising], the cold becomes vehement, cold winds blow, and the sap becomes stagnant in the trees: its رَقِيب is الدَّبَرَانُ [q. v.] (Kzw.) There are also three similar appellations of other stars: these are قَلْبُ الأَسَدِ (assumed tropical:) [Cor Leonis, or Regulus, the star a of Leo]: قَلْبُ الثَّوْرِ, an [improper] appellation of الدَّبَرَانُ: and قَلْبُ الحُوتِ, a name of الرِّشَآءُ [q. v.]. (TA.) b3: And القَلْبُ is syn. with الضَّمِيرُ [signifying (assumed tropical:) The heart as meaning the mind or the secret thoughts]. (Msb in art. ضمر.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) The soul. (TA.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) The mind, meaning the intellect, or intelligence. (Fr, S, O, Msb, K.) So in the Kur l. 36: (Fr, S, O, TA:) or it means there endeavour to understand, and consideration. (TA.) Accord. to Fr, you may say, مَا لَكَ قَلْبٌ (assumed tropical:) Thou hast no intellect, or intelligence: (TA:) and مَا قَلْبُكَ مَعَكَ (assumed tropical:) Thine intellect is not present with thee: (O, TA:) and أَيْنَ ذَهَبَ قَلْبُكَ (assumed tropical:) Whither has thine intellect gone? (TA.) [And hence, أَفْعَالُ القُلُوبِ (assumed tropical:) The verbs significant of operations of the mind; as ظَنَّ, and the like.] b6: See also قُلْبٌ. b7: [قَلْبُ الجَيْشِ means (assumed tropical:) The main body of the army; as distinguished from the van and the rear and the two wings: mentioned in the S and K in art. خمس; &c.] b8: And قَلْبٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) The pure, or choice, or best, part of anything. (L, K, * TA.) It is said in a trad. إِنَّ لِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَلْبًا وَقَلْبُ القُرْآنِ يٰس (tropical:) [as though meaning, Verily to everything there is a choice, or best, part; and the choice, or best, part of the Kur-án is Yá-Seen (the Thirty-sixth Chapter)]: (A, O, L, TA:) it is a saying of the Prophet; [and may (perhaps better) be rendered, verily to everything there is a pith; and the pith &c.; from قَلْبٌ, as meaning, like قُلْبٌ, the “ pith ” of the palm-tree; but,] accord. to Lth, it is from what here immediately follows. (O.) One says, جِئْتُكَ بِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ قَلْبًا, meaning (tropical:) I have come to thee with this affair unmixed with any other thing. (A, * O, L, TA.) b9: Also (tropical:) A man genuine, or pure, in respect of origin, or lineage; (S, A, O, K;) holding a middle place among his people; (A;) and ↓ قُلْبٌ signifies the same: (O, K:) the former is used alike as masc. and fem. and sing. and dual and pl.; but it is allowable to form the fem. and dual and pl. from it: (S, O:) one says عَرَبِىٌّ قَلْبٌ (S, A, * O) and ↓ قُلْبٌ (O) (tropical:) a genuine Arabian man, (S, A, * O,) and اِمْرَأَةٌ قَلْبٌ (S, * A, O *) and قَلْبَةٌ (S, A, O) and ↓ قُلْبَةٌ (K) a woman genuine, or pure, in respect of origin, or lineage: (S, A, * O, K:) Sb says, they said هٰذَا عَرَبِىٌّ قَلْبٌ and قَلْبًا (assumed tropical:) [This is an Arabian genuine, or pure, &c., and being genuine, or pure, &c.]; using the same word as an epithet and as an inf. n.: and it is said in a trad., كَانَ عَلىٌّ قُرَشِيًّا قَلْبًا, meaning (assumed tropical:) 'Alee was a Kurashee genuine, or pure, in respect of race: or, as some say, the meaning is, an intelligent manager of affairs; from قَلْبٌ as used in the Kur l. 36. (L, TA.) قُلْبٌ (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and ↓ قَلْبٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and ↓ قِلْبٌ (S, O, K) (tropical:) The لُبّ, (S, O,) or شَحْمَة, (A, K,) or جُمَّار, (Mgh, Msb,) [i. e. heart, or pith,] of the palm-tree; (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) which is a soft, white substance, that is eaten; it is in the midst of its uppermost part, and of a pleasant, or sweet, taste: (TA: [see also جُمَّارٌ:]) or the best of the leaves of the palm-tree, (AHn, K [in which this explanation relates to all the three forms of the word, but app. accord. to AHn it relates only to the first of them], and TA,) and the whitest; which are the leaves next to the uppermost part thereof; and one of these is termed ↓ قُلْبَةٌ, with damm and sukoon: (AHn, TA:) or قُلْبٌ, with damm, signifies the branches of the palm-tree (سَعَف [in my copy of the Msb سعفة]) that grow forth from the قلب [meaning heart]: (T, TA: [see العَوَاهِنُ and الخَوَافِى, pls. of عَاهِنٌ, or عَاهِنَةٌ, and خَافِيَةٌ:]) the pl. is قِلَبَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) which is of the second, (Msb,) [or of all,] and قُلُوبٌ, (Msb, K,) a pl. of the second, (Msb,) and أَقْلَابٌ, (Msb, K,) a pl. [of pauc.] of the first. (Msb.) b2: And قُلْبٌ signifies also (tropical:) A bracelet (S, O, K, TA) that is worn by a woman, (K, TA,) such as is one قُلْب, (S, O, TA, but in the O, one قَلْب,) [as though meaning such as is single, not double,] or such as is one قِلْد, ('Eyn, T, MS, [and this is evidently the right reading, as will be shown by what follows,]) meaning such as is formed by twisting [or rather bending round] one طَاق [i. e. one wire (more or less thick), likened to a yarn, or strand], not of a double طَاق; (MS;) and they say سِوَارٌ قُلْبٌ; (TA;) and قُلْبُ فِضَّةٍ i. e. a [woman's] bracelet [of silver], (A, Mgh, Msb, TA,) such as is not twisted [like a cord, or rope, of two or more strands, as are many of the bracelets worn by Arab women]: (Mgh, Msb, TA:) so called as being likened to the قُلْب of the palm-tree because of its whiteness; (A, Mgh, Msb, TA;) or, as some say, the converse is the case. (Mgh.) b3: And (tropical:) A serpent: (S, O:) or a white serpent: (A, K:) likened to the bracelet so called. (S, O.) A2: قُلْبٌ as an epithet, and its fem. قُلْبَةٌ: see قَلْبٌ, last sentence, in three places.

قِلْبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

قُلْبَةٌ, as a subst.: see قُلْبٌ, former half.

A2: Also Redness. (IAar, O, K.) مَا بِهِ قَلَبَةٌ There is not in him any disease, (S, A, Mgh,) thus says IAar, adding, for which he should be turned over (↓ يُقَلَّب) and examined, (S,) and in this sense it is said of a camel [and the like], (TA,) or on account of which he should turn over upon his bed: (A:) or there is not in him anything to disquiet him, so that he should turn over upon his bed: (Et-Tá-ee, TA:) or thers is not in him any disease, and any fatigue, (K, TA,) and any pain: (TA:) or there is not in him anything; said of one who is sick; and the word is not used otherwise than in negative phrases: accord. to IAar, originally used in relation to a horse or the like, meaning there is not in him any disease for which his hoof should be turned upsidedown (↓ يُقَلَّب) [to be examined]: (TA:) or it is from القُلَابُ, (Fr, S, A, TA,) the disease, so termed, that attacks camels; (TA;) or from قُلِبَ [q. v.] as said of a man, and means there is not in him any disease on account of which one should fear for him. (Fr, TA.) أَوْدَى الشَّبَابُ وَحُبُّ الخَالَةِ الخَلِبَهٌ وَقَدْ بَرِئْتُ فَمَا بِالقَلْبِ مِنْ قَلَبَهٌ [Youthfulness has perished, and the love of the proud and self-conceited, the very deceitful, woman, (thus the two epithets are expl. in art. خلب in the S,) and I have recovered so that there is not in the heart any disease, &c.]; meaning I have recovered from the disease of love. (S, TA.) قَلَابِ [as used in the following instance is an attributive proper name like فَجَارِ &c.]. اِقْلِبْ قَلَابِ [Alter, O alterer,] is a prov. applied to him who turns his speech, or tongue, and applies it as he pleases: accord. to IAth, to him who has made a slip of the tongue, and repairs it by turning it to another meaning: يَا, he says, is suppressed before قلاب. (TA. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 247.]) قُلَابٌ A certain disease of the heart. (Lh, K.) And (K) A disease that attacks the camel, (As, S, O, K,) occasioning complaint of the heart, (As, S, O,) and that kills him on the day of its befalling him: (As, S, O, K:) or a disease that attacks camels in the head, and turns it up. (Fr, TA.) [It is also mentioned as an inf. n. of قُلِبَ, q. v.] Accord. to Kr, it is the only known word, signifying a disease, derived from the name of the member affected, except كُبَادٌ and نُكَافٌ. (TA in art. كبد.) قِلَابٌ: see قِلِّيبٌ.

قَلُوبٌ, (O, K,) as an epithet applied to a man, (O, TA,) i. q. مُتَقَلِّبٌ كَثِيرُ التَّقَلُّبِ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) Who employs himself much in journeying, for traffic or otherwise, or in the disposal, or management, of affairs: or who practises much versatility, &c.: see 5, last sentence but one]. (O, K.) b2: See also قِلِّيبٌ.

A2: قَلُوبُ الشَّجَرِ means What are soft, or tender, of succulent herbs: these, and locusts, [it is said,] were eaten by John the son of Zachariah. (O.) قَلِيبٌ Earth turned over (تُرَابٌ مَقْلُوبٌ): [app. an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant:] this is the primary signification. (A.) b2: And hence, (A,) a masc. n., (A, * Msb,) or masc. and fem., (S, O, K,) A well, (Msb, K, TA,) of whatever kind it be: (TA:) or a well before its interior is cased [with stones or bricks]: (S, A, Mgh, O:) or an ancient well, (A 'Obeyd, S, O, K, TA,) of which neither the owner nor the digger is known, situate in a desert: (TA:) or an old well, whether cased within or not: (TA:) or a well, whether cased within or not, containing water or not, of the kind termed جَفْر [q. v.] or not: (ISh, TA:) or a well, whether of recent formation or ancient: (Sh, TA:) so called because its earth is turned over (Sh, A, TA) in the digging: (A:) or a well in which is a spring; otherwise a well is not thus called: (IAar, TA:) the pl. (of pauc., S, O) أَقْلِبَةٌ (S, O, K) and (of mult., S, O) قُلُبٌ (S, Mgh, O, K) and قُلْبٌ, (O, K,) the first and last of which are said to be pls. in the dial. of such as make the sing. to be masc., and the second the pl. in the dial. of such as make the sing. to be fem., but the last, as MF has pointed out, is a contraction of the second like as رُسْلٌ is of رُسُلٌ, (TA,) and قُلْبَانٌ also is mentioned as a pl. of قَلِيبٌ on the authority of AO. (TA voce بَدِىْءٌ.) b3: El-'Ajjáj has applied the pl. قُلُب to (tropical:) Wounds, by way of comparison. (S, O.) قُلَيْبٌ [dim. of قَلْبٌ: and hence, perhaps,] (assumed tropical:) A خَرَزَة [i. e. bead, or gem,] for captivating, fascinating, or restraining, by a kind of enchantment. (Lh, K.) رَجُلٌ قُلَّبٌ (assumed tropical:) A man who employs himself as he pleases in journeying, for traffic or otherwise, or in the disposal, or management, of affairs: or in practising versatility, or using art or artifice or cunning, in the disposal, or management, of affairs. (TA.) And حُوَّلِىٌّ قُلَّبٌ (S, O, K) and حُوَّلٌ قُلَّبٌ and حُوَّلِىٌّ قُلَّبِىٌّ (O, K) or قُلَّبٌ حُوَّلٌ (A) (tropical:) One who exercises art, artifice, cunning, ingenuity, or skill, and excellence of consideration or deliberation, and ability to manage according to his own free will, with subtilty; knowing, skilful, or intelligent, in investigating, scrutinizing, or examining, affairs, [or turning them over and over in his mind,] and considering what will be their results. (S, A, * O, K, TA. [See also art. حول.]) قِلَّابٌ: see قِلِّيبٌ.

قِلَّوْبٌ and قَلُّوبٌ: see what next follows.

قِلِّيبٌ and ↓ قِلَّوْبٌ The wolf; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ قَلُّوبٌ and ↓ قَلُوبٌ and ↓ قِلَابٌ, the last like كِتَابٌ, (K,) or ↓ قِلَّابٌ. (O: thus there written.) b2: And The lion. (O, in explanation of the first and second.) قَالَبٌ, with fet-h to the ل, (S, MA, O, Msb, K, KL,) and ↓ قَالِبٌ, (MA, O, Msb, K,) but the former is the more common, (Msb, K,) A model according to which the like thereof is made, or proportioned: (T in art. مثل, MA, KL, MF:) the model [or last] (KL,) of a boot, (S, O, Msb, KL,) and of a shoe, (KL,) &c.: (O, Msb, KL:) and a mould into which metals are poured: (K:) قَالَبٌ is an arabicized word, as is shown by its form, which is not that of an Arabic word; though Esh-Shiháb, in his Expos. of the Shifè, denies this: its original is [the Pers\. word]

كَالَبٌ: (MF:) the pl. is قَوَالِبُ, (MA,) and قَوَالِيب is used by El-Hareeree to assimilate it to أَسَالِيب. (Har p. 23.) [A fanciful and false derivation of قَالِبٌ used in relation to a boot &c., as though it were of Arabic origin, is given in the O, and in Har p. 23.] b2: الكَلَامِ ↓ قَدْ رَدَّ قَالَِبَ وَقَدْ طَبَّقَ المَفْصِلَ وَوَضَعَ الهِنَآءَ مَوَاضِعَ النُّقْبِ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) He has returned in reply the model, or pattern, of speech; and has hit the joint so as to sever the limb; (that is to say, has hit aright, or hit upon, the argument, proof, or evidence, agreeably with an explanation in art. طبق;) and has put the tar upon the places of the scabs;] is mentioned by Az as said of an eloquent man. (O, TA. * [The TA, in this art. and in art. طبق, has ورد (to which I cannot assign in this case any apposite meaning) instead of رَدَّ, the reading in the O.]) b3: And ↓ قَالَِبٌ, (O, L, TA,) with fet-h and with kesr to the ل, (L, TA,) signifies also A [clog, or] wooden sandal, (O, L, TA,) like the قَبْقَاب [q. v.]: in this sense likewise said to be an arabicized word: and قَوَالِيبُ is its pl., [properly قَوَالِبُ,] occurring in a trad., in which it is said that the women of the Children of Israel used to wear the wooden sandals thus called: (L, TA:) it is related in a trad. of Ibn-Mes'ood that the woman used to wear a pair of the kind of sandals thus called in order thereby to elevate herself (O, L, TA) when the men and the women of that people used to pray together. (O.) قَالِبٌ Red unripe dates: (S, O, Msb, K:) so in the dial. of Belhárith Ibn-Kaab: (El-Umawee, TA:) [app. an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant; for بُسْرٌ قَالِبٌ:] or an unripe date when it has become wholly altered [in colour] is termed قَالِبٌ. (AHn, TA.) b2: and شَاةٌ قَالِبُ لَوْنٍ A ewe, or she-goat, of a colour different from that of her mother: (O, * K, TA:) occurring in a trad. (O, TA.) A2: See also قَالَبٌ, in three places.

أَقْلَبُ as an epithet applied to a man: and قَلْبَآءُ as an epithet applied to a lip (شَفَةٌ): see 1, near the end.

إِقلابية [app. إِقْلابِيَّةٌ] A sort of wind, from which sailors on the sea suffer injury, and fear for their vessels. (TA.) تَقَلُّبَاتٌ (assumed tropical:) Vicissitudes of fortune or of time.]

مِقْلَبٌ The iron implement with which the earth is turned over for sowing. (S, O, K.) مُقَلِّبُ القُلُوبِ (assumed tropical:) [The Turner of hearts: an epithet applied to God]. (TA in art. حرك, from a trad.) مَقْلُوبٌ pass. part. n. of قَلَبَ الشَّىْءَ. (A, O.) You say حَجَرٌ مَقْلُوبٌ [generally meaning A stone turned upside-down]. (A.) And سَرِيرٌ مَقْلُوبٌ i. e. [A couch-frame] of which the legs are turned upwards. (Mgh.) And كَلَامٌ مَقْلُوبٌ [A sentence, or the like, altered, or changed, in the order of its words, by inversion, or by any transposition]. (A.) And in like manner مقلوب is applied to a word: see 1, former half.

A2: Also a man attacked by a disease of the heart. (A.) And A camel attacked by the disease termed قُلَاب [q. v.]: (S, O, K:) fem. with ة. (S.) المَقْلُوبَةُ [A subst., rendered such by the affix ة,] The ear. (O, K.) مُتَقَلَّبٌ i. q. مُتَصَرَّفٌ (assumed tropical:) [Place, or room, or scope, for free action, &c.: see سرب: and see an ex. voce سَبَحَ]. (Jel. in xlvii. 21.) b2: See also the following paragraph, in two places.

مُنْقَلَبٌ An inf. n. of 7 [q. v.]. (S, O, K, TA.) b2: And also a n. of place from the same [ for which Freytag seems to have found in a copy of the S مُقَلَّبٌ, a mistranscription], (S, O, K, TA,) like مُنْصَرَفٌ. (TA.) [As a n. of place it signifies A place in which a thing, or person, is, or becomes, altered, or changed, from its, or his, mode, or manner, of being: and hence, a place in which a thing becomes inverted, or turned upside-down, &c. b3: Hence, also, (assumed tropical:) The final place to which one is translated, or removed, by death; and so ↓ مُتَقَلَّبٌ.] One says, كُلُّ أَحَد يَصِيرُ إِلَى مُنْقَلَبِهِ and ↓ مُتَقَلَّبِهِ (tropical:) [Every one reaches, or will reach, his final place to which he is to be translated, or removed]. (A.) b4: [And A place to which one returns from a journey &c.]

قلب

قَلَبَ(n. ac. قَلْب)
a. Turned; turned over; turned upside-down, inverted;
transposed; changed, altered; varied, transformed, metamorphosed
metamorphized.
b. [acc. & 'An], Turned from.
c. Dismissed, sent away.
d. Called away, took to himself; translated (
God ).
e. Rolled ( his eyes ).
f. Examined; inspected, scrutinized.
g. Considered, pondered ( in his mind ).
h.
(n. ac.
قَلْب), Hit, injured, affected the heart of.
i. Took out the pith of (palm-tree).
j. Became red (date).
k. [pass.], Had heartdisease.
قَلِبَ(n. ac. قَلَب)
a. Was turned up (lip); had turned up lips.

قَلَّبَa. see I (a)b. Handled, manipulated.
c. Managed, transacted (business).
d. [acc. & Fī], Employed, empowered to act in (
matter ).
e. [acc.
amp; Fī ], Turned over, revolved (
his thoughts about ).
f. see I (f)
أَقْلَبَa. see I (d)b. Made to return.
c. [acc. & Bi], Brought back, restored to.
d. Was done on one side (bread); was dry
tough (grape).
e. Had his camels attacked by heartdisease.

تَقَلَّبَa. Was turned round, turned over, inverted; turned
shifted; changed, altered.
b. Tossed about; was restless.
c. Was fickle; was versatile.
d. [Fī], Managed, directed, acted as he pleased in.

إِنْقَلَبَa. Was inverted, turned over; was transposed; was changed
transformed.
b. [Ila], Returned to; turned, veered, shifted towards.
c. Was restless, uneasy; was disturbed, agitated.
d. ['An], Turned, withdrew, receded from.
قَلْب
(pl.
قُلُوْب)
a. Heart: viscra, stomach; mind, soul; intellect
intelligence; secret thought; interior, inside; centre, middle
midst; core, kernel; marrow; pith; essence, best, choice
of.
b. Turn; change, alteration; vicissitude.
c. Inversion, transposition; permutation.
d. Transformation, metamorphosis.
e. Reverse; inverse.
f. Main body ( of an army ).
g. Genuine; pure; of good lineage.

قَلْبَةa. see 1 (b) (g).
قَلْبِيّa. Hearty, cordial.
b. Internal, inward; inner, inside, interior; innermost
inmost; intimate.

قِلْبa. see 3 (a)
قُلْبa. Pith, heart ( of a palmtree ).
b. Bracelet.
c. Whitish serpent.
d. see 1 (g)e. [ coll. ]
see 1 (b) (c), (d), (e).

قُلْبَةa. Redness.
b. see 3 (a)
قَلَبَةa. Disease, unsoundness.
b. Fatigue; pain.

قُلَّبa. Versatile; cunning, subtle; ingenious; shifty, fickle
inconstant, changeable, variable.

قُلَّبِيّa. see 11
أَقْلَبُa. Turned up (lip).
مِقْلَب
(pl.
مَقَاْلِبُ)
a. Hoe; seed-drill.
b. [ coll. ], Hammer ( of a
gun ).
قَاْلِبa. Turning &c.
b. Red, unripe dates.
c. see قَالَب

قَلَاْبa. Quibbler.

قِلَاْبa. see 30
قُلَاْبa. Heart-disease.

قَلِيْب
(pl.
قُلْب
قُلُب
أَقْلِبَة
15t)
a. Well.
b. Earth freshly turned over.

قَلُوْبa. see 11 & 30
قِلِّيْبa. Wolf.
b. Lion.

قَلُّوْبa. see 30
N. P.
قَلڤبَa. Turned over; inverted; upside-down, topsy-turvy;
reversed; transposed.
b. Suffering from heart disease.

N. Ag.
تَقَلَّبَa. Changeable, versatile.

N. P.
تَقَلَّبَa. Free scope; liberty of action.
b. see N. P.
إِنْقَلَبَ
N. Ac.
تَقَلَّبَa. Inversion; transposition; alteration;
variation.
b. Versatility; changeableness;
variableness; fickleness, shiftiness, inconstancy.
N. P.
إِنْقَلَبَa. Place of return; destination; the hereafter.

N. Ac.
إِنْقَلَبَa. see N. Ac.
V (a)b. Revolution.

تَقَلُّبَات
a. Changes, vicissitudes.

قُلَيْب
a. Little heart.
b. Amulet, bead.

قَالَب (pl.
قَوَاْلِبُ قَوَاْلِيْبُ), P.
a. Model, form; last ( of a boot ).
b. Mould, cast.
c. Girder ( of an arch ).
d. Clog, sandal.

قِلَّاب قِلَّوْب
a. see 30
المَقْلُوْبَة
a. The ear.

بَالمَقْلُوْب
a. [ coll. ], The reverse way;
inside-out; hind part before; contrariwise.
قَلْبُ الْأَسَد
a. Cor Leonis.

قَلْبُ الْعَقْرَب
a. The star a in Scorpio.

حُوَّل قُلَّب
a. حُوَّلِيّ قُلَّبِيّ
see 11
مُقَلِّبُ القُلُوْبِ
a. The Turner of hearts: God.

إِنْقِلَاب الشَّمْس
a. Solstice.

قَالَب سُكَّر
a. [ coll. ], Sugar-loaf.

مِن صَمِيْم قَلْبِهِ
a. From the bottom of his heart: heartily.

فهم

1 فَهِمَهُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. فَهْمٌ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and فَهَمٌ, (Msb, K,) which is the more chaste, (K,) but the former is a dial. var. [more] extensively obtaining, or, as some say, it is a subst. used as an inf. n., (Msb,) and فَهَامِيَةٌ (S, K) and فَهَامَةٌ and فِهَامَةٌ, (K,) He understood it, or knew it with the mind; he apprehended its meaning; syn. عَقَلَهُ, (JK,) and عَلِمَهُ (S, Msb, K) and عَرَفَهُ بِالقَلْبِ. (K.) And فَهِمَ عَنْهُ [He understood what he (another) said]. (A in art. خرس; &c.) [See also فَهْمٌ below.] b2: فَهُمَ, meaning He was, or became, such as is termed فَهِيم [i. e. one having much understanding], is like عَلُمَ, meaning “ he was, or became, such as is termed عَلِيم. ” (TA.) 2 فَهَّمَ see what next follows.4 أَفْهَمْتُهُ and ↓ فَهَّمْتُهُ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) inf. n. of the latter تَفْهِيمٌ, (S, TA,) I made him to understand, or know, a thing; (S, * Msb, * K, * TA;) syn. جَعَلْتُهُ يَفْهَمُهُ. (TA.) 5 تفهّمهُ He understood it, or knew it, (فَهِمَهُ,) one thing [or one particular thereof] after another; (S, K;) namely, speech, or language. (S.) b2: [And He endeavoured to understand it. (See its inf. n. as used in the former half of the second paragraph of art. دبر.)] And ↓ التَّفَاهُمُ signifies the same as التَّفَهُّمُ [app. as meaning The endeavouring to understand; or the affecting, or pretending, to understand]. (TA.) 6 تَفَاْهَمَ see what next precedes.7 انفهم, (K, TA,) as quasi-pass. of فَهَّمَهُ, inf. n. تَفْهِيمٌ, [or of أَفْهَمَهُ, i. e. as meaning He was made to understand, or know,] (TA,) is an incorrect word, (K, TA.) 10 اِسْتَفْهَمَنِى الشَّىْءَ He sought, or desired, of me, the understanding of the thing [i. e., that he might be made to understand it]; (S, * K, * TA;) syn. طَلَبَ مِنِّى فَهْمَهُ. (TA.) فَهْمٌ is an inf. n. of 1, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) or a subst. used as an inf. n.: (Msb:) [see 1, first sentence:] it is expl. as signifying The conception of the meaning from the word, or expression: or the quickness of the transition of the mind from extrinsic to other [i. e. intrinsic] things: or a condition of the mind whereby it ascertains what is approvable: or, as in the “ Ahkám ” of El-Ámidee, excellence of intelligence in respect of its readiness to apprehend quickly subjects of inquiry that present themselves to it. (TA.) فَهِمٌ, an epithet applied to a man, (S,) Quick of understanding; syn. سَرِيعُ الفَهْمِ. (K.) فَهِيمٌ Having much understanding; syn. كَثِيرُ الفَهْمِ; an intensive epithet; like ↓ فَهَّامَةٌ [except that the latter is doubly intensive]. (TA.) فَهَّامَةٌ: see what next precedes.

فَاهِمٌ [act. part. n. of فَهِمَ; Understanding, or knowing, a thing].

مَفْهُومٌ [pass. part. n. of فَهِمَ; Understood, or known. b2: And hence, لَفْظٍ مَفْهُومٌ The acceptation of a word or an expression; i. e. the meaning, or sense, in which it is understood: see also مَعْنًى, in art. عنى].