شر

ى1 شَرَــاهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. شِرًــى (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) and شِرَــآءٌ, (S, * Mgh, Msb, * TA,) the former inf. n. the more in repute, (Msb, TA,) and this is of the dial. of Nejd, the latter being of the dial. of El-Hijáz, or the latter may be said to be with medd for the purpose of assimilating it to a preceding word, accord. to El-Munádee, or it may be regarded as an inf. n. of شَارَاهُ, (TA,) i. q. بَاعَهُ [in the sense in which this is generally used, i. e. He sold it]; (S, Mgh, K;) he gave it for a price: (Msb:) and i. q. ↓ اِشْتَرَاهُ [in the sense in which this is generally used, i. e. he bought it]; (S, Mgh;) i. e. شَرَــاهُ signifies also he took it, or acquired it, for a price: (Msb:) or this and ↓ اشتراه both signify بَاعَهُ [as meaning he sold it]; (T, * K, TA;) but the former is more used than the latter in this sense: (T, TA:) and both signify also [he bought it; i. e.] he possessed it by sale; (K;) which is the more usual meaning of the latter: (T, TA:) thus the former has two contr. meanings, (S, Msb, K,) and the latter also: (K:) for the two persons selling and buying sell and buy the price and the thing upon which the price is put; so that each of the things given in exchange is sold in one point of view and bought in another. (Msb, TA.) It is said in the Kur [ii. 203], وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَــشْرِــى

نَفْسَهُ ابْتِغَآءَ مَرْضَاةِ اللّٰهِ i. e. [And of men is he] who sells [himself in the endeavour to obtain the approval of God]. (S, * TA.) And in the same, [xii. 20], وَــشَرَــوْهُ بِثَمَنٍ بَخْسٍ i. e. And they sold him [for a deficient, or an insufficient, price]. (S, TA.) And in the same [ii. 15], أُولَائِكَ الَّذِينَ الضَّلَالَةَ بِالْهُدَى ↓ اشْتَرَوُا, originally اشْتَرَيُوا, (S,) [lit. Those are they who have purchased error with right direction,] meaning, (tropical:) who have taken الضلالة in exchange for الهدى: (Ksh, Bd, Jel:) or (tropical:) who have preferred الضلالة to الهدى: (Ksh, Bd:) [for] of any one who relinquishes a thing and lays hold upon another thing, one says اشتراه; (K, TA;) which is thus tropically used [as meaning (tropical:) he took it in exchange بِغَيْرِهِ by giving up another thing]; (TA;) and hence this saying in the Kur-án. (K, TA.) b2: [Hence,] شَرَــى بِنَفْسِهِ عَنِ القَوْمِ (tropical:) He advanced before the people, or party, (K, TA,) to their enemy, (TA,) and fought in defence of them: or (tropical:) he advanced to the Sultán, and spoke for the people: (K, TA:) [as though he sold himself for them; the ب in بنفسه being app. redundant:] or, as in the Tekmileh, شَرَــى بِنَفْسِهِ إِلَى القَوْمِ (tropical:) he advanced to the people, or party, and fought them. (TA.) b3: And شَرَــى

فُلَانًا, (K,) inf. n. شِرًــى, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He mocked at, scoffed at, laughed at, derided, or ridiculed, such a one: (K:) [and] so ↓ شَرَّــاهُ. (TA voce جَدَّعَهُ [q. v.: thus there written, perhaps for the purpose of assimilating it to جَدَّعَهُ].) b4: And i. q. أَرْغَمَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He angered such a one; or did evil to him, and angered him]: (Lh, K, TA:) and so أَوْرَمَهُ, and غَطَاهُ [or perhaps عَظَاهُ, for both are expl. alike]: all said of God. (Lh, TA.) And فَعَلَ بِهِ مَا شَرَــاهُ (assumed tropical:) He did to him that which occasioned evil to him; or that which displeased, grieved, or vexed, him; syn. سَآءَهُ. (TA.) And لَحَاهُ اللّٰهُ وَــشَرَــاهُ (assumed tropical:) [May God remove him far from good or prosperity, or curse him, and do evil to him, or displease or grieve or vex him]. (TA.) A2: شَرَــى اللّٰهُ فُلَانًا, (K,) inf. n. شِرًــى, (TA,) also signifies God smote him, or may God smite him, with the eruption termed شَرًــى [q. v.]. (K, TA.) A3: and شَرَــاهُ, (K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. شِرًــى, (TA,) i. q. شَرَّــرَهُ, (K, TA,) i. e. He spread it [to dry]; (TA;) [in copies of the K, in art. شر, written, in this sense, ↓ شَرَّــاهُ;] namely, flesh-meat, and a garment, or piece of cloth, and [the preparation of curd called]

أَقِط. (K.) A4: شَرِــىَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شَرًــى, (S, K,) said of lightning, (S, K, &c.,) It shone, or gleamed, much: (S:) or it shone, or gleamed, (K, TA,) and spread in the face of the clouds, or, as in the T, became dispersed in the face of the clouds: (TA:) and ↓ اشرى signifies the same; (K;) or it shone, or gleamed, consecutively: the latter verb mentioned by Sgh. (TA.) b2: and hence, (S,) said of the nose-rein of a camel, (S, TA,) It was, or became, in a state of commotion, (TA,) or, of much commotion. (S, TA.) [See also 12.]) b3: Also, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He (a man) was, or became, angry: (K, TA:) or he was, or became, flurried by reason of anger. (S, TA.) b4: And, said of evil, or mischief, It spread, بَيْنَهُمْ among them: (K, TA:) or became great, or formidable; and in like manner said of an affair, or event. (Nh, TA. [See also 10.]) b5: Also, and ↓ استــشرى, He (a man, S) persisted, or persevered, (S, K,) in an affair, (S,) or in his error, and his corrupt conduct: and the former, said of a man, is like غَرِىَ in measure and meaning [i. e. he persisted, or persevered, in his anger]. (TA.) One says of a horse, شَرِــىَ فِى

سَيْرِهِ, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He per-sisted, or persevered, in his pace, or going; as also ↓ استــشرى: (S:) or he exceeded the usual bounds therein, (K, TA,) and went on without languor: (TA:) and فِى عَدْوِهِ ↓ استــشرى he (i. e. a horse) persisted, or persevered, in his running: (Mgh:) and شَرِــىَ فِى لِجَامِهِ he (a horse) strained his bridle. (A, TA.) And شَرِــيَتْ عَيْنُهُ بِالدَّمْعِ His eye persisted, or persevered, in the shedding of tears, the tears pouring forth consecutively. (TA.) A5: And شَرِــىَ, (S, K, TA,) aor. ـَ inf. n. شَرًــى, (K, * TA,) He, (TA,) or his skin, broke out with the eruption termed شَرًــى [q. v.]. (S, K, TA.) 2 شَرَّــىَ see the preceding paragraph, in two places.3 شَارَاهُ, inf. n. مُشَارَاةٌ and شِرَــآءٌ, i. q. بَايَعَهُ [as signifying He sold and bought with him: and he bartered, or exchanged commodities, with him: that شاراه has both of these meanings (like بايعه) is shown by the fact that مُشَارَاةٌ is also expl. in the TA, on the authority of Er-Rághib, as signifying the same as قِبَاضٌ]. (K.) b2: Also, (Mgh,) inf. n. مُشَارَاةٌ, (TA,) He persisted in contention, litigation, or wrangling: (Mgh:) one says, هُوَ يُشَارِيهِ (T, M, K) He persists in contention, litigation, or wrangling, with him: (M, TA:) or he contends in altercation, disputes, or litigates, with him; or does so vehemently, or obstinately; syn. يُجَادِلُهُ: (K, TA:) and it is said of the Prophet, in a trad., كَانَ لَا يُشَارِى وَلَا يُمَارِى [He used not to persist in contention, &c.]: (Mgh, TA:) meaning accord. to Th, بِالــشَّرِّ ↓ كَانَ لَا يَسْتَــشْرِــى [he used not to persist, or persevere, with evil conduct]: (TA:) from اِسْتَــشْرَــى فِى عَدْوِهِ [expl. above (see 1 near the end)] as said of a horse: (Mgh:) or, accord. to Az, (TA,) originally يُشَارِرُ; one of the رs being changed into ى. (K, * TA. [See 3 in art. شر: and see also 3 in art. جرى.]) 4 اشرى, said of lightning: see 1, latter half. b2: Said of a camel, He sped, or went quickly. (IKtt, TA.) b3: اشرى بَيْنَهُمْ He excited discord, strife, or animosity, between them, or among them. (Az, K.) b4: اشرى الحَمَلُ (K accord. to the CK, [which, I think, evidently gives the right reading,] in the TA and in my MS. copy of the K الجمل,) i. q. تَفَلَّقَتْ عَقِيقَتُهُ [i. e. The lamb had its wool cleaving open, or becoming cleft]: (K: [Freytag, following the TK, and reading الحِمْلُ, explains the verb as said of fruit, and meaning “ diffissos habuit nucleos; ” but I cannot find any authority for the signification that he thus assigns to عَقيقة:]) mentioned by Sgh. (TA.) b5: اشرت الشَّجَرَةُ The plant [crept upon the ground, or] was like the cucumber and the melon; as also ↓ استــشرت. (TA.) b6: See also 5.

A2: اشراهُ He filled it; (S, K;) namely, a watering-trough: and in like manner اشرى جَفْنَةً he filled a bowl, (S,) or جِفَانَهُ his bowls for the guests. (TA.) b2: And He made it to incline, (K, TA,) فِى نَاحِيَةِ كَذَا [in the direction of such a thing]. (TA.) Hence the saying of a poet, وَأَنَّنِى حَيْثُمَا يُــشْرِــى الهَوَى بَصَرِى

مِنْ حَوْثَمَا سَلَكُوا أَدْنُو فَأَنْظُورُ [And that I, wherever love makes my eye, or eyes, to incline, wherever they travel, approach and look: فانظور being for فَأَنْظُرُ]: or, as some relate it, أَثْنِى فَأَنْظُورُ [i. e. turn myself, or my eyes, and look]. (TA.) b3: [Also He put it in motion; namely, a bridle. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)]5 تــشرّــى It became scattered, or dispersed: (K:) accord. to the M, said in this sense of a company of men. (TA.) b2: Also, said of a man, (S,) or of a party, or company of men, (TA,) He, or they, became like the شُرَــاة [pl. of شَارٍ q. v.] in his, or their, actions; (S, * TA;) and so ↓ اشرى. (IAth, TA.) 6 تَشَارَيَا They sued each other; or cited each other before a judge; syn. تَقَاضَيَا. (A, TA.) 8 إِشْتَرَىَ see the first paragraph, in three places.10 استــشرى: see 1, latter part, in three places: and see 3. b2: Also He persisted, or persevered, in consideration, or examination. (TA.) b3: and استــشرى فِى دِينِهِ He strove, or exerted himself, or was diligent, or studious, and was careful, or mindful, or regardful, in his religion. (TA.) b4: And استــشرت الأُمُورُ بَيْنَهُمْ The affairs, or events, were, or became, great, or formidable, between them, or among them. (K, * TA. [See also شَرِــىَ.]) b5: And see 4.12 اِــشْرَــوْرَى It was, or became, in a state of commotion. (K. [See also شَرِــىَ.]) شَرْــىٌ The colocynth: (S, K:) or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (S,) the plant thereof: (S, K:) n. un. with ة: (S:) and ↓ شَرْــيَانٌ also signifies the colocynth; as a dial. var. of شَرْــىٌ: or the leaves thereof. (TA.) One says, هُوَ أَحْلَى مِنَ الأَرْىِ وَأَمَرُّ مِنَ الــشَّرْــىِ [He, or it, is sweeter than honey and more bitter than colocynth]. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ لَهُ طَعْمَانِ أَرْىٌ وَــشَرْــىٌ [Such a one has two flavours, that of honey and that of colocynth]. (S, TA.) b2: And Any kind of plant that spreads upon the ground, running [or creeping] and extending; such as the melon and the cucumber. (AHn, O voce سُطَّاحٌ, q. v., and TA * in the present art.) b3: And Palm-trees that grow from the datestones: (K:) and with ة [as the n. un.] one of such palm-trees. (S.) b4: And, accord. to IJ, A kind of tree of which bows are made. (L voce حَتٌّ, q. v. [See also شِرْــيَانٌ.]) A2: See also شَرًــى.

A3: And see شَرْــوَى.

شَرًــى A road, (K, TA,) in a general sense. (TA.) And, (K,) with the article ال, [particularly] A road of Selmà, (S, K, TA,) the mountain so called, (TA,) abounding with lions: (S, K, TA:) whence they say of courageous men, مَا هُمْ

إِلَّا أُسُودُ الــشَّرَــى [They are no other than the lions of Esh-Sharà]. (TA.) b2: And i. q. نَاحِيَةٌ [as meaning An adjacent tract or region]; (S, K;) as also ↓ شَرَــآءٌ: (K:) accord. to some, of the right hand: (TA:) pl. أَــشْرَــآءٌ. (S, K.) Hence, شَرَــى

الفُرَاتِ The adjacent tract (نَاحِيَة) of the Euphrates: (TA:) and أَــشْرَــآءُ الحَرَمِ the adjacent tracts of the Sacred Territory; syn. نَوَاحِيهِ. (S.) b3: And A mountain. (K.) A2: Also The bad, or worse, or worst, of cattle: accord. to J, [in the S,] ↓ شَرْــىٌ, [said in the S to be like شَوَى المَالِ,] which is [said to be] a mistake: (K:) but ElBedr El-Karáfee questions it being so: (TA:) and the good, or better, or best, thereof; as also ↓ شَرَــاةٌ: thus having two contr. significations: (K:) and so says ISk: but ISd says that إِبِلٌ

↓ شَرَــاةٌ, like سَرَاةٌ, means choice camels. (TA.) A3: And A certain eruption upon the body, resembling dirhems: (TA:) or small pimples or purulent pustules, having a burning property: (S:) or small pimples or purulent pustules, red, itching, and distressing, generally originating at once, (K, TA,) but sometimes gradually, (TA,) and becoming [more] severe by night in consequence of a hot vapour breaking forth at once upon the body: (K, TA:) thus in the “ Kánoon ” of Ibn-Seenà [or Avicenna]. (TA.) A4: ذُو الــشَّرَــى A certain idol of [the tribe of] Dows (دَوْس), (K, TA,) in the Saráh (السَّرَاة): so says Nasr. (TA.) شَرٍ Having the eruption termed شَرًــى, described in the next preceding paragraph. (S, K.) شِرًــى, (S, TA,) an inf. n. of شَرَــى, aor. ـْ (TA,) [when used as a simple subst., signifying A sale and also a purchase,] has أَــشْرِــيَةٌ for its pl., which, as pl. of a sing. of the measure فِعَلٌ, is anomalous. (S, TA.) شَرَــاةٌ: see شَرًــى, in two places.

شَرَــآءٌ: see شَرًــى.

شَرِــىٌّ Sold: and also bought: applied in this sense to a male slave; and شَرِــيَّةٌ to a female slave. (Msb.) b2: Also A horse that persists, or perseveres, in his pace, or going: (S:) or that exceeds the usual bounds therein, (K, TA,) and goes on without languor: (TA:) or a choice horse: (A, TA:) or an excellent, choice horse. (TA.) شَرِــيَّةٌ A way, course, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like: and a nature; or a natural, a native, or an innate, disposition or temper or the like. (K.) A2: Also, of women, Such as bring forth females. (K.) One says, تَزَوَّجَ فِى شَرِــيَّةِ نِسَآءٍ He married among women such as bring forth females. (TA.) شَرْــوَى, in which the و is a substitute for ى, as it is in تَقْوَى and the like, (TA,) The like (S, K) of a thing: (S:) because a thing is sometimes bought with the like thereof: (TA:) [used alike as sing. and pl.: and, accord. to the TA, it seems that ↓ شَرْــىٌ signifies the same.] It is said of Shureyh, كَانَ يُضَمِّنُ القَصَّارَ شَرْــوَى الثَّوْبِ الَّذِى

أَهْلَكَهُ [He used to make the washer responsible for the like of the garment, or piece of cloth, that he destroyed]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad. of 'Omar, relating to the [collecting of the] poorrate, فَلَا يَأْخُذُ إِلَّا تِلْكَ السِّنَّ مِنْ شَرْــوَى إِبِلِهِ [i. e. And he shall not take any save of that age, of the likes of his camels]. (TA.) شِرَــوِىٌّ, in which the و is a substitute for ى, and ↓ شِرَــائِىٌّ, [both signifying Of, or relating to, selling, and also of, or relating to, buying,] are rel. ns.; the former, of the inf. n. شِرًــى; and the latter, of the inf. n. شِرَــآءٌ. (Msb, TA.) شَرْــيَانٌ see شَرْــىٌ: b2: and see what next follows.

شِرْــيَانٌ and ↓ شَرْــيَانٌ, (S, K,) the former of which is the more in repute, (TA,) the former said to be quasi-quadriliteral, like جِرْيَالٌ, [and therefore mentioned also in the TA in art. شرن,] but held by IB to be of the measure فِعْلَانٌ, (TA in art. شرن,) A kind of tree, (S, K, TA,) of the عِضَاه [q. v.] of the mountains, (TA,) of which bows are made: (S, K, TA:) n. un. with ة: the tree thus called grows in the manner, and of the height and width, of the [species of lote-tree called] سِدْر, and has a yellow, sweet نَبِقَة [or drupe]: so says AHn: and he adds, Aboo-Ziyád says, bows are made of the شريان, and the bow made thereof is good, but black tinged with redness; its wood being of those woods of which good bows are [commonly] made; and they assert that it seldom, or never, becomes crooked: Mbr says that the نَبْع and شَوْحَط [q. v.] and شريان are one kind of tree, but differing in name and estimation according to the places of growth; such thereof as is upon the summit of the mountain being the نبع; and such as is at the base, or foot, or lowest or lower part, thereof, the شريان. (TA. [But see شَوْحَطٌ.]) b2: Also sing. of شَرَــايِينُ signifying The arteries; i. e. the pulsing veins; (S, K;) which spring from the heart: (S:) but the anatomists assert that they spring from the liver, and pass by the heart. (TA.) b3: شِرْــيَانٌ, with kesr, signifies also A crack, or fissure, [in a rock,] such as is termed ثَتٌّ. (Az, TA.) شِرَــائِىٌّ: see شِرَــوِىٌّ.

شَارٍ Selling, or a seller: (Mgh, TA:) and buying, or a buyer: as also ↓ مُشْتَرٍ [in both senses, but generally in the latter sense; whereas شَارٍ is generally used in the former sense]: (TA:) pl. of the former شُرَــاةٌ. (Mgh.) b2: Also, (S, TA,) and ↓ شَارِىٌّ, in which latter the ى is not the ى of a rel. n. but is an affix corroborative of the epithet, as in the cases of أَحْوَرُ and أَحْوَرِىٌّ [or أَحْمَرُ and أَحْمَرِىٌّ] and صُلَّبٌ and صُلَّبِىٌّ, (TA,) One of the people to whom is applied the appellation الــشُّرَــاةُ, (S, TA,) which means the [heretics, or schismatics, commonly known by the name of] خَوَارِج [pl. of خَارِجِىٌّ, q. v.]: (S, M, Mgh, K, &c.:) so called because they said, We have sold ourselves in obedience to God, i. e., for Paradise, when we separated ourselves from the erring Imáms: (S:) or because they sold themselves for the sake of what they believed: or because they said, Verily God has purchased us and our possessions: (Mgh:) but ISk says, because of their vehement hatred of the Muslims: and the author of the K says that it is from شَرِــىَ signifying “ he was angry,” and “ he persisted, or persevered; ” and he charges J with error in his explaining it as above, from their saying “ we have sold ourselves ” &c.; but this charge is senseless, for J has followed herein more than one of the leading authorities: the author of the K has followed ISd, who, however, adds, as to themselves, they say “ We are the شُرَــاة ” because of the saying in the Kur ii. 203 [cited in the first paragraph of this art.], and the saying [in ix. 112] “ Verily God hath purchased, of the believers, themselves ”

[&c.]; and the like is said in the Nh, with this addition, that شُرَــاةٌ is the pl. of شَارٍ; i. e., it is from شَرَــى, aor. ـْ or it may be from المُشَارَاةُ meaning المُلَاجَّةُ: moreover, the part. n. of شَرِــىَ is شَرٍ; and this has not شُرَــاةٌ for its pl. (TA.) شَارِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُشْتَرٍ: see شَارٍ.

A2: المُشْتَرِى A certain star, (S, K,) well-known; (K;) [Jupiter;] one of the Seven Stars. (TA.) A3: And A certain bird. (K.)

شرف

شَرَــفَ(n. ac. شَرْــف)
a. Surpassed, excelled in dignity, honour &c.
b. Made battlements to (wall).
شَرِــفَ(n. ac. شَرَــف)
a. ['Ala], Was raised, rose above; towered, dominated over;
overtopped; overlooked.
b. Was high; stood up.

شَرُــفَ(n. ac. شَرَــف
شَرَــاْفَة)
a. Was exalted, illustrious, eminent, distinguished; was
nobly-born, of noble birth.

شَرَّــفَa. Exalted, ennobled; distinguished, made illustrious;
honoured, esteemed.
b. Mounted, ascended (elevation).
c. Made battlements to (wall).
شَاْرَفَa. Vied, contended with, in glory, honour &c.
b. see II (b)
& IV (b).
أَــشْرَــفَa. Was high, lofty, elevated; came in sight.
b. ['Ala], Dominated, overtopped, overlooked, towered above
looked down upon; drew near to; was at the point of (
death ).
c. ['Ala], Looked upon with pity, compassion &c.
d. [acc.
or
'Ala]
see II (b)
تَــشَرَّــفَa. Was, became exalted, illustrious &c.; was ennobled;
received honour, homage.
b. see II (b)
إِشْتَرَفَa. Raised, lifted himself; rose, stood up.

إِسْتَــشْرَــفَa. see VIIIb. Looked up at; peered, gazed at.

شُرْــفَة
(pl.
شُرَــف)
a. see 4 (a)b. Battlement; pinnacle.

شُرْــفَىa. fem. of
أَــشْرَــفُ
(b).
شَرَــف
(pl.
أَــشْرَــاْف)
a. Eminence, greatness, distinction; honour, glory;
nobility, grandeur.
b. Height, eminence, elevation.
c. Brink, verge; point.
d. Race, heat.

شَرَــفَة
( pl.
reg. )
a. Battlements.

أَــشْرَــفُa. Bat (animal).
b. More illustrious &c.

مَــشْرَــف
(pl.
مَشَاْرِفُ)
a. Height, eminence, elevation.

شَاْرِف
(pl.
شُرْــف
شُرُــف
شُرَّــف شُرُــوْف)
a. High; illustrious; eminent.
b. Elderly; old.
c. (pl.
شَوَاْرِفُ), Winejar.
شَرَــاْفَةa. see 4 (a)
شَرِــيْف
(pl.
شَرَــف
أَــشْرَــاْف
شُرَــفَآءُ
43)
a. Exalted, eminent, illustrious
distinguished, noble.
b. Excellent; superior; best.
c. Governor; sheriff.

شَرِــيْفَة
(pl.
شَرَــاْئِفُ
& reg. )
a. fem. of
شَرِــيْف
شُرَّــاْفَة
(pl.
شَرَــاْرِيْفُ)
a. see 3t (b)
شَرْــفَآءُa. fem. of
أَــشْرَــفُ
(a).
N. Ag.
أَــشْرَــفَa. High, lofty, towering; overtopping.

N. P.
أَــشْرَــفَ
(pl.
مَشَاْرِفُ)
a. see 17b. Donjon, keep ( of a castle ).

شرف:
شرف: كبر، نما، ولا يقال هذا عن الحيوانات بل على الأشجار أيضاً (فوك).
شَرُــف ومصدره شُرُــوفَة: كبر، شاخ، أسن. (ابن العوام 1: 21، 402، 507) وفيه شُرُّــوف أيضاً (1: 508) وفيه شرف و (1: 510) وفيه شرف.
وتطلق على الأشجار كما تطلق على الأشخاص أيضاً. (انظر شارف).
شَرَّــف (بالتشديد). شَرْــفنا: زرنا ليحصل لنا الــشرف بذلك. (بوشر).
شَرَّــف السفرة: تفضل بالأكل من السفرة (بوشر).
شَرَّــف: صفّي، رَوَّق (ألكالا).
شَرَّــف. حزَّز، فرَّض، سَنّن. ولا يقال: شَرَّــف الجدار فقط بل يقال أيضاً: شرّــف الشجرة إذا قطع أطراف أغصانها على شكل الاسنان، كما يقال: شرّــف المنشار، وشرّــف الجلد. وغير ذلك (معجم الادريسي، ابن البيطار 1: 34، 63، 129، 169، 241، 2: 84 الخ).
شَرَّــف: جعل للسور وقاء نقالاً كان المحاصرون يستخدمونه عند الهجوم في القرن السابع عــشر (فريتاج طرائف ص131). شارَف: قارَب (معجم البلاذري). وفي حيان (ص74 و): شارَف الهلكة.
شارَف: اشرف، راقب العمل (المقدمة 2: 58) أشرف، أشرف على: راقب العمل (الماوردي ص214).
أشرف على تأليفه: راجعه وأعاد النظر فيه.
(تاريخ البربر 2: 510).
اشرف بفلان: رفعه وأعلاه، وصعد به (بدرون ص134). وفي حيان (ص58 و): أخرج الرهائن الذين كانوا عنده منهم فأشرف بهم إلى موضع يراه منه أهلوهم وأمر بضرب أعناقهم.
تــشرَّــف. تــشرَّــفْت لعندكم: كان لي شرف زيارتكم (بوشر).
تــشرَّــف: نظر إلى أسفل. ففي رياض النفوس (ص47 ق): فتــشرَّــفوا من أعلى القصر وقالوا من أنت. وفي (ص61 و) منه: فتــشرف من أعلى القصر وقال مَنْ هذا.
تــشرَّــف إلى: انتظر صابراً ففي رياض النفوس (ص47 و): انك تبقى في المسجد فإذا كان المساء وأعد المرابطون عشاءهم وسمعتَ حساً على الداموس هل تتــشرف نفسُك إلى من يأتيك بشيء تأكله.
متــشرف: صفا، راق (الكالا) ( Clarificarse) انظره في مادة متــشرف).
اشترف: ركب ويقال مجازاً: اشترف الحِمَامَ مثل قولهم رَكِبَ الموتَ (معجم مسلم).
استــشرف إلى: نظر إليه نظرة الجشع، ففي رحلة ابن جبير (ص208): فالأعراب يلحظون الحاجَّ مستــشرفين إلى مكانهم. واستــشرف: انتظر صابراً. ففي رياض النفوس (ص48 و): وقد أعطاه الله كل هذا من غير سؤال ولا استــشراف.
استــشرف إلى: تعاطي، تفرغ، ففي تاريخ البربر (1: 367) وقد اقتدى بأبيه في انتحال السحر والاستــشراف إلى صناعة الكيمياء.
شَرَــف: مديح، حمد (ألكالا).
شَرَــف: عند المنجمين يطلق على ارتفاع الكوكب (المقدمة 2: 188، 3: 130). ويقول المنجمون أن الكوكب في شرف إذا احتل في دائرة الفلك موضعاً يستطيع فيه أن يؤثر كل تأثيره (دي سلان المقدمة 2: 218 رقم 7).
الــشرف: شرف العطاء، وهو عطاء يزيد على العطاء العادي الذذي يستلمه الجنود (معجم البلاذرى).
شرف: ضفة. ففي الادريسي (قسم4 فصل5): حصن على شرف البحر.
شرف: معسكر جائم في سفح جبل (جرابرج ص36).
شَرف: شريف. ذو الــشرف (بوشر).
شَرفة: حاشية، حافة، ففي رسالة الميكانيك (مخطوطة 117 ص 78): وهو شكل كأس جالس على قاعدة وعلى رأسه غطاء مسطَّح وعلى محيطه شرفة مُخَرَّمة.
وحين نلاحظ الصورة الموجودة في المخطوطة نجد أن شَرفة (وهكذا ضبطت الكلمة في المخطوطة) تعني حاشية وحافة.
وفيها (ص81): ثم تتخّذ على دائر الغطاء شرفة منحرفة (مخرَّمة) مصنعة. والسيد أماري (ص545) محق إذا حين يقول إن الصواب في كلام ابن العوام (2: 143): ولتكن شرفته قائمة بدل شركته.
شُرْــفَة: درابزين، حاجز ممر حول المنارة (بوشر) وجمعها شُرَــف (ابن جبير 254). والكلمة الأسبانية axarafe ( أي رواق، حمر) تجعل المرء يظن أن العامة يقولون شَرَــفة.
شَرَــفي وتجمع بالالف والتاء: زُرزور (ألكالا).
شَرَــفَي: Oiseau moqueur ( ألكالا) نوع طير يطلق عليه اسم الطير الساخر.
شَرَــفِين: سيرافين، ساروفيم (ملاك) (ألكالا).
شراف: صنف من السمك. ففي رياض النفوس (ص94 و): فدفع إليه ثمن درهم وقال له اشترى (اشتر) لنا بهذا حوتاً من هذا السراف (كذا) وفي (ص94 ق) منه: أعطيناك ثمن درهم تشتري لنا به سرافاً. وقد كررت هذه الجملة خطأ حيث كتب الناسخ شرافاً.
شَريف: احذف من معجم فريتاج Vestimentum ( معناها ثوب، كساء، رداء) وقد اتبعه هابيشت مخدوعاً بكتابة غير صحيحة للكلمة (فليــشر معجم ص54).
شريف: زيت فاخر (تاريخ البربر 1: 369).
شريف: لقب من كان من نسل الحسن، أما من كان من نسل الحسين فيسمى سيداً (برتون 2: 3). وتطلق كلمة الــشريف على من كان من نسل المرأة من نسل الحسين ورجل من العامة (برتون 2: 3).
الدار الــشريفة: دار القضاء، واسم أطلقه الفونس العاشر على مرسية وفي (مذكرات تاريخ العرب 1: 282) ما معناه باللاتينية: الدار الــشريفة هي دار القضاء.
شَريفَة: نبات اسمه العلمي: Arenaria Media ( براكس، مجلة الــشرق والجزائر 8: 283).
شَرَــافي؟ (اسم جمع) نبات نتخذ منه الحصر ويعمل منه سياج يقام على شاطئ البحر لصيد السمك أو للاحتفاظ به حياً. وقد كتبها اسبينا في مجلة الــشرق والجزائر (13: 145): متاع شرافة وهو يقول أن هذا يعنى حصراً يصنع منها سياج على شاطئ صفاقس، ومعناها حصر متاع.
شَرِــيفي: صنف جيد من العنب الابيض الطويل. (برتون 1: 387) شريفي وأشْرَــفيّ: نقد ذهبي يساوي ديناراً وقيمته فلورين اثنين. والــشريفي قليل الوجود الآن في مصر وقيمته اقل من ثلثي الجنيه الإنكليزي. (انظر معجم الأسبانية ص353 - 354. وفي أيام على بي (1: 240) كانت قيمته اكثر من ذلك في طرابلس البربرية.
شُرُّــوف: انظره في مادة شرف.
شارِف: مُسِنّ، هرم ز (انظره في مادة شَرُــف).
شارِفَ: شريف (دومب ص106، دوماس حياة العرب ص183) وفي حيان (ص9 و): كان يتفقد أهل البيوتات والــشُّرَّــف بعطائه. ويذكر الادريسي (قسم 3 فصل 5) في كلامه عن عيون المياه المعدنية الحارة في طبرية عين الــشرف أي عين المسنين الهرمين، وليس عين الأشراف كما ذكر جانبوت (1: 347).
شارف: شديد، صلب (همبرت ص13) جزائرية.
أشْرَــفُ: احذفها من معجم فريتاج مقابل المعنى اللاتيني Nummus Aureus فالكلمة اشرفي (انظرها في مادة شريفي، وعليك أن تقرأ في العبارة التي نقلها بأشرفيين (فليــشر معجم ص27، وفي طبعته لألف ليلة الجزء التاسع في المقدمة ص19، ص20).
أشْرَــفيّ: انظر شريفى.
إشرافَ: خطة الأشراف: منصب المــشْرِــف (انظر مــشرف، المقري 2: 63)، ويقال: إشراف فقط (مملوك 1، 1: 10) وديوان الإشراف (ابن بطوطة 4: 298). ومتولي إشرافنا في بجاية (أماري ديب ص11) أي مفتش الكمرك في بجاية. ودار الإشراف في اشبيلية (المقري 2: 257) وهو الديوان الذي فيه مكاتب الموظفين.
أشْرافِيّ وجمعه أشارِفة: دينار ذهب (بوشر) وانظر: شريفي.
تــشريف وجمعها تــشريفات: ذكرت في عباد (2: 164) بمعنى رسالة.
والي التــشريفات وتــشريفاتجي: رئيس المراسم (بوشر).
تــشريفِة وجمعها تشاريف: نوع من الزينة الكريهة توضع على الملابس (الكالا).
مُــشْرَــف وجمعها مَشارف: على البناية وقمتها (بوشر).
مُــشْرف وجمعها مَشارف: مفتش، ناظر، يقال مثلا مــشرف المطابخ ومــشرف القصر ومــشرف الممالك في مصر أي ناظر المملكة رتبته تلي رتبة الوزير مباشرة. (مملوك 1، 1: 10).
ويقال: مــشرف المخزن أي ناظر الخزينة وناظر بيت المال .. (نفس المصدر)، (الماوردي ص365) وفي كرفاس (ص260): ودخل مراكش فقتل مــشرفها أبا البركات وحمل ما كان في بيت مالها (= تاريخ البربر 2: 310) وهي مرادف صاحب الأعمال (المقري 2: 763).
وتدل على معنى متسلم ضريبة الدخول والخروج على البضائع - أي مفتش الكمرك. ويقول مارمول (2: 245): أن المــشرف هو الذي يتولى استلام الضريبة على البضاعة الداخلة والخارجة. وانظر اماري (ديب ص23: 28) ففيه: مــشرف هو ناظر بديوان إفريقية.
وهو المــشرف الكبير في معجم الكالا. وقد كان في كل مدينة كبيرة وبخاصة في الموانئ البحرية مــشرف يتسلم ضرائب الدخول والخروج. ويذكر في تاريخ البربر (1: 307) مــشرف فاس، وفي المقري (1: 694): مــشرف مالقة. والجمع مشارف الذي يذكره فوك والكالا موجود في كتاب ابن صاحب الصلاة (ص32 ق) ففيه: واستدعى الكتاب والمشارف من اشبيلة.
مُــشَرَّــف: مصنوع من عدة قطع وعدة ألوان (الكالا) وانظر تور.
مَــشْرَــفَة: منصب المُــشْرِــف (انظر مُــشْرِــف) (فوك، الكالا).
مُــشرِّــفة: رسالة. ويقال وصلتي مــشرفتكم أي وصلتني رسالتكم التي شرفتموني بكتابتها (بوشر).
مَــشْرَــفي: سيف (عباد 1: 67، دي ساسي طرائف 1: 79).
حرف مــشرفى: درابة (نبات). (بوشر).
مَــشْروف: عامي، من عامة الناس (فريتاج)، ويقال: الــشريف والمــشروف، أي من أشراف الناس وعامتهم (دي ساسي طرائف 2: 14، ابن بطوطة 1: 67، معجم البيان ص14).
مُشْترَف وجمعها مشترفات: منظرة، مكان مطل (معجم مسلم، الفخري ص49).
مُتَــشَرِــف: من يدير رأسه ليرى إذا كانوا يقدمون صحنا آخر، شَرِــه، نهم (دوماس حياة العرب ص314) مُسْتَــشْرَــف: منظرة، مكان مطل ويجمع على مستــشرفات (معجم مسلم، المقري 1: 570) وينقل ج. ج شولتنز من كتاب الفرج بعد الشدة (مخطوطة رقم61 ص95): وجلسنا نــشرب في مستــشرف له.
مستــشرف: منظر وبخاصة منظر جميل والمكان الذي ينسرح منه النظر إلى مسافات بعيدة (معجم مسلم).

شرف

1 شَرُــفَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. شَرَــفٌ (S, * O, * Msb, * K, TA) and شَرَــافَةٌ, (TA,) said of a man, (S, O, TA,) He was, or became, high, elevated, exalted, or eminent, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) [in rank, condition, or estimation,] in respect of religion or of worldly things: (K, TA:) [generally meaning he was high-born, or noble:] part. n. شَرِــيفٌ [q. v.]. (S, O, Msb, K, TA.) [See also شَرَــفٌ, below.] b2: [Hence one says,] شَرُــفَتْ نَفْسُهُ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ His soul was above the thing; disdained, or scorned, it. (L in art. انف.) b3: شَرَــفَتِ النَّاقَةُ, and شَرُــفَت, (O, K,) aor. of each ـُ inf. n. شُرُــوفٌ, (K,) reg. as of the former verb, and irreg. as of the latter, (TA,) The she-camel was, or became, such as is termed شَارِفٌ [q. v.]. (O, K.) A2: شَرَــفَهُ, aor. ـُ (IJ, S, O, K, TA,) inf. n. شَرْــفٌ, (TA,) He overcame him, or surpassed him, in شَرَــف [i. e. highness, elevation, or eminence, of rank, condition, or estimation; or nobility]; (IJ, S, O, K, TA;) and so شَرُــفَ عَلَيْهِ: (Z, TA:) or he excelled him (طَالَهُ, K, TA, in the CK [erroneously] طاوَلَهُ,) in the grounds of pretension to respect or honour (فِى الحَسَبِ). (K, TA.) See 3. b2: شَرَــفَ الحَائِطَ, (K, TA,) aor. ـُ inf. n. شَرْــفٌ, (TA,) He put to the wall a شُرْــفَة [q. v.]. (K, TA.) [See also 2.]

A3: شَرِــفَتِ الأُذُنُ, and شَرِــفَ المَنْكِبُ, aor. ـَ (K, TA,) inf. n. شَرَــفٌ, (TA,) The ear, and in like manner the shoulder, was, or became, high, (K, TA,) and prominent: or, as some say, stood up. (TA.) A4: And شَرِــفَ, [from شَرَــفٌ signifying the “ hump ” of a camel,] (O, K,) said of a man, (O,) He kept constantly, or continually, to the eating of the [camel's] hump. (O, K.) 2 شرّــفهُ, inf. n. تَــشْرِــيفٌ, He (God) rendered him high, elevated, exalted, or eminent, [in rank, condition, or estimation; or ennobled him:] (S, KL, * PS: *) and he held him, or esteemed him, to be so. (MA, PS.) ISd thinks that the verb may also mean He regarded with more, or exceeding, honour. (TA.) [And Golius explains it as meaning He decked with a royal garment; on the authority of the KL; in my copy of which I find no other meaning assigned to it than the first mentioned above.] One says, شَرَّــفَ اللّٰهُ الكَعْبَةَ, (O, K, TA,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) [God rendered, or may God render, the Kaabeh an object of honour, or glorious,] from الــشَّرَــفُ, (O, K, TA,) i. e. المَجْدُ. (TA.) [تَــشْرِــيفٌ is also used as a subst. properly so called; and as such is expl. by itself in this art.] b2: Also He put to it شُرَــف [pl. of شُرْــفَةٌ, q. v.]; (O, K;) namely, his house, (K,) or a [palace, or pavilion, or other building such as is called] قَصْر, &c.; inf. n. as above. (O.) [See also شَرَــفَ الحَائِطَ.] b3: شرّــف المَرْبَأَ, expl. in the K as syn. with اشرفهُ and شارفهُ, is a mistake for تــشرّــفهُ [q. v.]. (TA.) b4: شرّــف النَّاقَةَ, inf. n. as above, means He almost severed the teats of the she-camel by binding them [tightly] with the صِرَار [q. v.]: (IAar, O, TA:) this being done for the preservation of her [stoutness of] body, and her fatness, so that burdens may be put upon her in the coming year. (TA.) b5: [شرّــف, app. for شرّــف العُنُقَ, is also said by Reiske, as mentioned by Freytag in his Lexicon, to signify He (a camel going along) raised the neck: but his authority for this is not stated.]3 شارفهُ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. مُشَارَفَةٌ, (TA,) He vied with him, or contended with him for superiority, in شَرَــف [i. e. highness, elevation, or eminence, of rank, condition, or estimation; or nobility]; (S, O, K, TA;) ↓ فَــشَرَــفَهُ and he overcame, or surpassed, him therein. (TA.) b2: See also 5. b3: Also He was, or became, near to it; he drew near to it, or approached it; namely, a thing: and he was, or became, near to attaining it, [and in like manner شارف عَلَيْهِ, as used in the S and K in the beginning of art. بلغ, he was, or became, at the point of reaching it, or attaining it, namely, a place,] or of obtaining it, or getting possession of it: [and he was, or became, at the point of experiencing it, (See Bd in lxxviii. 14,) and doing it; followed by أَنْ and an aor. :] and, as some say, he looked for it, or expected it; his mind told him of it; he looked for its coming to pass. (TA.) See also 4, in two places.4 اشرف It rose; or it was, or became, high or elevated; [so as to overtop, or overlook, what was around it or adjacent to it: overtopped, surmounted, overpeered, overlooked, overhung; was, or became, protuberant, prominent, or projecting: and rose into view, came within sight or view, or became within a commanding, or near, view:] said of a place [&c.]. (Msb.) One says of a piece of ground, أَــشْرَــفَ عَلَى مَا حَوْلَهُ [It rose above, or overtopped, what was around it]. (Sh, TA.) And أَــشْرَــفَ لِى شَرَــفٌ فَمَا زِلْتُ أَرْكُضُ حَتَّى

عَلَوْتُهُ [An eminence rose into view to me, and I ceased not to urge on my beast until I ascended, or mounted, upon it]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] أَــشْرَــفْتُ عَلَيْهِ I looked upon it, or viewed it, (S, O, Msb, K, *) from above; (S, O, K;) [I overlooked it, or looked down upon it: and I came in sight of it: got a view of it: and got knowledge of it; became acquainted with it; or knew it: all of which meanings may be intended to be conveyed by the explanation in the Msb, which is اِطَّلَعْتُ عَلَيْهِ:] and الشَّىْءَ ↓ شَارَفْتُ signifies the same as أَــشْرَــفْتُ عَلَيْهِ [app. in the first of the senses expl. in this sentence, as well as in another sense expl. in what follows]: (S, O:) and ↓ شَارَفُوهُمْ signifies the same as أَــشْرَــفُوا عَلَيْهِمْ. (TA.) b3: And اشرف عَلَى المَوْتِ He (a sick man) was, or became, on the brink, or verge, or at the point, of death. (O, K.) and اشرف بِهِ عَلَى المَوْتِ [He made him to be on the brink, or verge, or at the point, of death]. (T and K in art. ذرف.) b4: And أَــشْرَــفَتْ نَفْسُهُ عَلَى شَىْءٍ

His soul was vehemently eager for a thing. (Mgh. [See also 10.]) إِــشْرَــافٌ signifies The being eager, and the being vehemently eager: and hence the saying, in a trad., مَنْ أَخَذَ الدُّنْيَا بِإِــشْرَــافِ نَفْسٍ

لَمْ يُبَارَكْ لَهُ فِيهَا [Whoso takes the enjoyments of the present world with eagerness, or vehement eagerness, of soul, he will not be blessed therein]. (TA.) b5: And اشرف عَلَيْهِ He regarded him with solicitous affection or pity or compassion. (O, * K.) b6: [And اشرف لِى He, or it, came within sight, or view, to me; or came within a commanding, or near, view of me: see an ex. voce أَجْهَدَ; and another voce رَبَأَ.] b7: And [hence,] اشرف لَكَ الشَّىْءُ The thing became, or has become, within thy power or reach; or possible, practicable, or easy, to thee. (TA.) A2: See also 5, in two places.5 تــشرّــف, said of a man, is from الــشَّرَــفُ, (O,) and signifies صَارَ مُــشَرَّــفًا [He became elevated, or exalted, in rank, condition, or estimation; or ennobled]. (K.) b2: تــشرّــف بِهِ He became elevated, or exalted, in rank, condition, or estimation; or ennobled; by, or by means of, him, or it: (MA:) [or he gloried, or prided himself, by reason of it, or in it; i. e.] he reckoned it, (S,) or regarded it, (O,) as a glory or an honour [to himself], (S, O,) and a favour. (O.) A2: تــشرّــف المَرْبَأَ, (S, O, TA,) in the K, erroneously, شَرَّــفَهُ; (TA;) and ↓ اشرفهُ; (S, O, K;) and ↓ شارفهُ, (K,) inf. n. مُشَارَفَةٌ; (TA;) He (a man, S, O) ascended, or mounted, upon the elevated place of observation. (S, O, K.) And الشَّىْءَ ↓ اشرف and عَلَى الشَّىْءِ signify the same as [تــشرّــفهُ and] تــشرّــف عَلَيْهِ, i. e. He ascended, or mounted, upon the thing. (TA.) b2: It is said in a trad., with reference to certain future trials, or conflicts and factions, (فِتَن,) مَنْ

↓ تَــشَرَّــفَ لَهَا تَسْتَــشْرِــفْهُ i. e. Whoso finds a place of refuge [for escaping, or avoiding them, let them invite him, or cause him, to seek, or take, refuge, virtually meaning] let him seek, or take, refuge therein. (O, TA. *) A3: تُــشُرِّــفَ القَوْمُ The people, or party, had their أَــشْرَــاف [or eminent, or noble, men, pl. of شَرِــيف,] slain. (O, K.) 8 اشترف He, or it, stood up, or upright, or erect; (S, O, TA;) and (TA) so ↓ استــشرف [if this be not a mistranscription, which I incline to think it may be as the former verb (of which see the part. n. below) is not mentioned in the K]. (K, TA.) 10 استــشرف الشَّىْءَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and لِلشَّىْءِ, (Msb in art. طمح,) He raised his eyes (S, O, Msb, K) towards the thing, (O, K,) or to look at the thing, (Msb,) or looking at the thing, (S,) and expanded his hand over his eyebrow like as does he who shades [his eyes] from the sun. (S, O, K.) A poet says, تَطَالَلْتُ وَاسْتَــشْرَــفْتُهُ فَرَأَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ آأَنْتَ زَيْدُ الأَرَامِلِ [I stretched up myself, and raised my eyes towards him, expanding my hand over my eyebrow like him who is shading his eyes from the sun; and I said to him, Art thou Zeyd-el-Arámil?]. (O.) b2: Hence, (TA,) أُمِرْنَا أَنْ نَسْتَــشْرِــفَ العَيْنَ وَالأُذُنَ, (Mgh, * O, K, TA,) in a trad. (O, TA) relating to the sheep or goat to be slaughtered as a victim on the day of sacrifice, (TA,) means We have been commanded to pay much attention to the eye and the ear, and to examine them carefully, in order that there may not be any such defect as blindness of one eye or mutilation (Mgh, * O, K, TA) of an ear: (TA:) or, (Mgh, O,) as some say, (O,) [in the K “ that is,”] to seek that they be of high estimation, by being perfect (Mgh, * O, K) and sound: (Mgh, O:) or, accord. to some, it is from الــشُّرْــفَةُ signifying “ the choice ones,” or “ best,” of cattle; and the meaning is, we have been commanded to select them. (TA.) b3: And يَسْتَــشْرِــفُ مَعَالِىَ الأُمُورِ (tropical:) He desires, or seeks, [or raises his eye to,] the means of attaining eminence. (Msb in art. شوف.) b4: استــشرف إِبِلَهُمْ means He (a man) smote their camels with the [evil] eye; syn. تَعَيَّنَهَا: (S, TA:) or he looked at them (تعيّنها) to smite them with the [evil] eye. (TA.) b5: استــشرفهُ حَقَّهُ He defrauded him of his right, or due. (O, K.) A2: See also 5: A3: and 8.

Q. Q. 1 شَرْــيَفْتُ الزَّرْعَ I cut off the شِرْــيَاف [q. v.] of the seed-produce; (S, O;) and so شَرْــنَفْتُهُ: (O and K * in art. شرنف:) of the dial. of El-Yemen: but Az doubts whether the word be with ن; and the ى and ن are both held by him to be augmentative. (O.) شَرْــفٌ: see the next paragraph, near the end.

شَرَــفٌ Highness, elevation, exaltation, or eminence, [in rank, condition, or estimation, in respect of religion or of worldly things: (see the first sentence of this art.:)] (S, O, Msb, K:) [generally meaning high birth:] glory, honour, dignity, or nobility; syn. مَجْدٌ: or not unless [transmitted] by ancestors: (K:) [for] accord. to ISk, شَرَــفٌ and مَجْدٌ may not be unless [transmitted] by ancestors; but حَسَبٌ and كَرَمٌ may be in a man though he have not ancestors [endowed therewith]: (O:) or, (K,) accord. to IDrd, (O,) it signifies highness of حَسَب [which means grounds of pretension to respect or honour, consisting in any qualities (either of oneself or of one's ancestors) which are enumerated, or recounted, as causes of glorying]: (O, K:) and ↓ شُرْــفَةٌ signifies the same as شَرَــفٌ; (TA;) or the same as فَضْلٌ and شَرَــفٌ [meaning a favour and a glory or an honour]; as in the saying, أَعُدُّ إِتْيَانَكُمٌ شُرْــفَةً [I reckon your coming a favour, and a glory or an honour]; (O, K;) and أَرَى ذٰلِكَ شُرْــفَةً [I regard that as a favour, and a glory or an honour]: (O:) the pl. of شَرَــفٌ is أَــشْرَــافٌ, like as that of سَبَبٌ is أَسْبَابٌ. (TA.) نُهْبَةٌ ذَاتُ شَرَــفٍ means Spoil, or booty, of high value, at which men raise their eyes, and look, or which they smite with the [evil] eye: [see اِسْتَــشْرَــفَ إِبِلَهُمْ:] but the phrase is also related with س. (TA. See سَرَفٌ.) b2: See also شَرِــيفٌ, with which, or with the pls. of which, it is said to be syn. b3: Also An elevated place; an eminence: (S, Mgh, O, K:) accord. to Sh, any piece of ground that overtops what is around it, whether extended or not, only about ten cubits, or five, in length, of little or much breadth in its upper surface: (TA:) pl. أَــشْرَــافٌ: (TA voce وَطْءٌ:) and مَشَارِفُ الأَرْضِ signifies the high, or elevated, places, or parts, of the earth or ground: (S, Msb, K:) sing. ↓ مَــشْرَــفٌ, with fet-h to the م and ر. (Msb. [See also مُــشْرَــفٌ.]) A poet says, آتِى النَّدِىَّ فَلَا يُقَرَّبُ مَجْلِسِى

وَأَقُودُ لِلــشَّرَــفِ الرَّفِيعِ حِمَارِى

[I come to the assembly, and my sitting-place is not made near to the chief person or persons, and I lead to the high elevated place my ass]: he means, I have become unsound in my intellect in consequence of old age, so that no profit is gotten from my opinion, and I am not able to mount my ass from the ground, unless from a high place. (S.) b4: [Hence, (tropical:) The brink, verge, or point, of some event of great magnitude, or of any importance: not well expl. as meaning] the being on the brink, or verge, or at the point, of some event of great importance, good or evil: (O, K:) one says in the case of good, هُوَ عَلَى شَرَــفٍ مِنْ قَضَآءِ حَاجَتِهِ (tropical:) [He is at the point of accomplishing the object of his want]: and in the case of evil, هُوَ عَلَى شَرَــفٍ مِنَ الهَلَاكِ (tropical:) [He is on the brink, &c., of destruction]. (O, TA.) b5: And (tropical:) The hump of a camel. (O, K, TA.) b6: And app. sing. of أَــشْرَــافٌ in a sense expl. below: see the latter word. (TA.) A2: And A heat; a single run, or a run at once, to a goal, or limit: (O, K:) or, (K,) accord. to Fr, about a mile: (O, K:) or about two miles. (TA as from the K and on the authority of Fr.) One says, عَدَا شَرَــفًا أَوْ شَرَــفَيْنِ [He ran a heat, or two heats]: (O:) and [in like manner,] اِسْتَنَّتٌ شَرَــفًا أَوْ شَرَــفَيْنِ, (O, K,) occurring in a trad., said of a mare, or of horses. (O.) A3: Also, (O, TA,) accord. to IAar, (O,) A red clay or earth: and i. q. مَغْرَةٌ [i. e. red ochre]; as also ↓ شَرْــفٌ: accord. to Lth, a kind of trees, having a red dye: and said to be the same as [the Pers\.] دار پرنيان [i. e.

دَارْ پَرْنِيَان, meaning Brazil-wood, which is commonly called in Arabic بَقَّم]. (O, TA: * in the former of which, the Pers\. word here mentioned is written without the points to the پ; and in the latter, الدابرنيان.) شُرْــفَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, first quarter. b2: Also The choice ones, or best, of مَال [meaning cattle]. (S, O, K.) b3: The شُرْــفَة of a [palace, or pavilion, or other building such as is called] قَصْر (S, O, Msb, K) [and of a mosque] is well-known; (K;) [An acroterial ornament, forming a single member of a cresting of a wall or of the crown of a cornice, generally of a fanciful form, and pointed, or small, at the top:] pl. شُرَــفٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) a pl. of mult., and شُرُــفَاتٌ and شُرَــفَاتٌ and شُرْــفَاتٌ, which are pls. of pauc., or, as some say, شرفات [i. e.

شُرُــفَاتٌ] is pl. of ↓ شُرُــفَةٌ, with two dammehs: EshShiháb says that شُرْــفَات is expl. as meaning the highest portions of a قَصْر; but what are thus termed are only what are built on the top of a wall, distinct from one another, [side by side, like merlons of a parapet,] according to a well-known form: (TA:) the شُرْــفَة is what is called by the [common] people ↓ شُرَّــافَة: (Ham p. 824:) the شُرَّــافَة of a mosque is a word used by the lawyers, and is one of their mistakes, as IB has notified: so says MF: its pl. is شَرَــارِيفُ. (TA.) b4: The شُرُــفَات (thus with two dammehs, K) of a horse are The neck and قَطَاة [i. e. croup, or rump, or part between the hips or haunches,] thereof. (O, K.) شُرُــفَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

شَرِــيفٌ High, elevated, exalted, or eminent, (S, O, * Msb, K, TA,) [in rank, condition, or estimation,] in respect of religion or of worldly things: (TA:) [generally meaning high-born, or noble:] possessing glory, honour, dignity, or nobility: or such, and having also [such] ancestry: (TA:) [using it as not implying highness, or nobility, of ancestry,] you say, هُوَ شَرِــيفٌ اليَوْمَ [He is high, or noble, to-day], and عَنْ قَلِيلٍ ↓ شَارِفٌ as meaning one who will be شَرِــيف [after a little while]: (Fr, S, K:) the pl. [of pauc.] is أَــشْرَــافٌ and [of mult.]

شُرَــفَآءُ (S, O, Msb, K) and ↓ شَرَــفٌ, so in the K, app. denoting that this last is one of the pls. of شريف, and it is said in the O that شَرَــفٌ is syn. with شُرَــفَآءُ; but in the L it is said that it is syn. with شَرِــيفٌ; and hence the saying هُوَ شَرَــفُ قَوْمِهِ meaning He is the شَرِــيف of his people, and كَرَمُهُمْ meaning the كَرِيم of them; and thus it has been expl. as used in a trad.: (TA:) [but both these assertions are probably correct; for it seems to be, agreeably with analogy, an inf. n. used as an epithet, and therefore applicable to a single person and to a pl. number, and also to two persons, and likewise to a female as well as to a male.] b2: [By the modern Arabs, and the Turks and Persians, it is also applied, as a title of honour, to Any descendant of the Prophet; like سَيِّد. And, with the article ال, particularly to the descendant of the Prophet who is The governor of Mekkeh; now always a vassal of the Turkish Sultán.]

شُرَــافِىٌّ, applied to a [lizard of the kind called]

ضَبّ, and to a jerboa, Large in the ears, and in the body: (TA:) and so شُرَــافِيَّةٌ applied to a she-camel; (O, K, TA;) as also ↓ شَرْــفَآءُ. (TA.) and أُذُنٌ شُرَــافِيَّةٌ i. q. شُفَارِيَّةٌ [q. v.], (K, TA,) or An ear that is high, long, and having hair upon it. (IDrd, O, TA.) See also أُذُنٌ شَرْــفَآءُ, voce أَــشْرَــفُ. b2: Also A kind of white garments or cloths: (O, K: *) or a garment, or piece of cloth, that is purchased from a country of the foreigners adjacent to the land of the Arabs. (As, O, K. *) شُرَّــافَةٌ; pl. شَرَــارِيفُ: see شُرْــفَةٌ.

شِرْــيَافٌ (S, O, K) and شِرْــنَافٌ (O and K in art. شرنف) [but see Q. Q. 1] The leaves of seedproduce that have become so long and abundant that one fears its becoming marred; wherefore they are cut off. (S, O, K.) شَارِفٌ: see شَرِــيفٌ. b2: Applied to a she-camel, (assumed tropical:) High [app. meaning much advanced] in age: (A, TA:) or advanced in age; (S, O, K;) decrepit; (IAar, K;) as also شَارِفَةٌ: (K:) [see دَلُوقٌ, in three places:] pl. شُرْــفٌ, like بُزْلٌ and عُوذٌ pls. of بَازِلٌ and عَائِذٌ, (S, O,) or شُرُــفٌ, like كُتُبٌ, (K,) or the latter is allowable in poetry, (O,) or the former is a contraction of the latter, (IAth, TA,) and شَوَارِفُ [also pl. of شَارِفَةٌ] (O, K) and شُرَّــفٌ and شُرُــوفٌ: (K:) it is said that شَارِفٌ is not applied to the he-camel; but it is so applied, as well as to the she-camel, accord. to the Towsheeh of El-Jelál. (TA.) Hence, as being likened to black decrepit she-camels, (Aboo-Bekr, TA,) الــشُّرُــفُ الجُونُ, with two dammehs, [which I think a mistake, unless it mean with a dammeh to each word,] (K,) or الــشَّرْــفُ الجُونُ, (O, IAth, TA,) occurring in a trad., meaning (assumed tropical:) [Trials, or conflicts and factions,] like portions of the dark night: (O, * K, * TA:) thus expl. by the Prophet: (O, TA:) but some relate it otherwise, with ق, (K,) saying الــشُّرْــقُ الجون, pl. of شَارِقٌ, (O, * TA,) meaning “ [trials, &c.,] rising (O, K, TA) from the direction of the east. ” (O, TA.) b3: Also applied to an arrow, as meaning Old: (S, O, K:) and applied to a garment or a piece of cloth [app. in the same sense]: (A and TA voce طَرِيدٌ:) or an arrow long since laid by [expl. by بَعِيدُ العَهْدِ بِالصِّيَابَةِ; but I think that the right reading is بعيد العهد لِالصِّيَانَةِ, and have assumed this to be the case in my rendering]: or of which the feathers and the sinews [wherewith they are bound] have become uncompact: or slender and long. (TA.) b4: دَنٌّ شَارِفٌ [A wine-jar] of which the wine is old. (TA.) b5: And شَارِفٌ [alone] A receptacle for wine, such as a خَابِيَة and the like thereof. (O, K.) الشَّارُوفُ A kind of cord or rope; syn. حَبْلٌ: [so in the O, and in one of my copies of the S: in my other copy of the S, and in the K, جَبَلٌ, i. e. the name of a certain mountain:] a postclassical word. (S, O.) b2: And شَارُوفٌ also signifies A broom: (S, O, K:) a Pers\. word, (S,) arabicized, from جَارُوبٌ, (O, K,) originally جَاىْ رُوبْ, which means “ a place-sweeper. ” (O.) أَــشْرَــفُ [More, and most, high, elevated, exalted, or eminent, in rank, condition, or estimation; &c.; generally meaning more, and most, high-born or noble; (see شَرِــيفٌ;)] surpassing in شَرَــف. (S, O.) b2: مَنْكِبٌ أَــشْرَــفُ A high shoulder; (S, O, K;) such as has a goodly rising; which implies what is termed إِهْدَآء [inf. n. of أَهْدَأَهُ, and here app. meaning the “ being curved in the back ”]. (TA.) And أُذُنٌ شَرْــفَآءُ A long ear; (S, O, K;) standing up; rising above what is next to it: and so اذن ↓ شُرَــافِيَّةٌ. (TA.) b3: See also شُرَــافِىٌّ [أَــشْرَــفُ also signifies Having a prominent, or an apparent, ear: opposed to أَسَكُّ, q. v. b4: Hence,] الأَــشْرَــفُ is an appellation of The bat; (O, K, TA;) because its ears are prominent and apparent: it is bare of downy and other feathers, and is viviparous, not oviparous: so in the saying of Bishr Ibn-ElMoatemir, وَطَائِرٌ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَكْرُ وَطَائِرٌ أَــشْرَــفُ ذُو جُرْدَةٍ

[And a flying thing that has prominent and apparent ears and a denuded body, and a flying thing that has no nest]: (O, TA:) in the K is added, and another bird, that has no nest, &c.: but this is taken from an explanation of the latter hemistich of the verse cited above; which explanation is as follows: (TA:) the bird that has no nest is one of which the Bahránees [so in the TA, but accord. to the O “ the sailors,”] tell that it does not alight save while it makes, of the dust, or earth, a place in which it lays its eggs, and which it covers over; then it flies into the air, and its eggs break open of themselves at the expiration of the term thereof; and when its young ones are able to fly, they do after the habit of their parents. (O, L, TA: and the same is said, less fully, in the K.) b5: مَدِينَةٌ شَرْــفَآءُ A city having شُرَــف, (Mgh, O, K, *) pl. of شُرْــفَةٌ [q. v.]: (O:) the pl. of أَــشْرَــفُ and of شَرْــفَآءُ, accord. to rule, is شُرْــفٌ. (Mgh. [In the copies of the K, الــشُّرُــفُ is erroneously said to be pl. of الــشَّرْــفَآءُ.]) It is said in a trad. of Ibn-' Abbás, أُمِرْنَا أَنْ نَبْنِىَ المَدَائِنَ شُرْــفًا وَالمَسَاجِدَ جُمًّا i. e. We have been commanded to build cities with شُرَــف and mosques without شُرَــف. (Mgh, O. *) أَــشْرَــافٌ The ears and nose of a man: (O, K, TA:) its sing. in this sense is not mentioned: it is app. ↓ شَرَــفٌ; like سَبَبٌ, sing. of أَسْبَابٌ. (TA.) تَــشْرِــيفٌ inf. n. of 2 [q. v.]. (S &c.) b2: [and also a post-classical term applied to An honorary present, such as a garment &c.: and a letter, i. e. an epistle, considered as conferring honour: pl. تَــشْرِــيفَاتٌ.]

مَــشْرَــفٌ: see شَرَــفٌ, in the middle of the paragraph: and see also what here next follows.

مُــشْرَــفٌ, (O, K,) like مُكْرَمٌ, (K,) or ↓ مَــشْرَــفٌ [q. v. voce شَرَــفٌ], (so in my two copies of the S,) A place from which one overlooks, i. e. looks upon, or views, [a thing] from above. (S, O, K.) b2: Hence the saying in a trad., مَا جَآءَكَ مِنْ هٰذَا المَالِ وَأَنْتَ غَيْرُ مُــشْرَــفٍ وَلَا سَائِلٍ فَخْذْهُ (O, TA) i. e. [What comes to thee of this property] thou not coveting nor looking for it [nor asking it, take it]. (O.) مُــشْرِــفٌ [part. n. of 4;] High; (S, Mgh, Msb;) [or overtopping; &c.;] applied to a mountain, (S,) or a place. (Mgh, Msb.) سُيُوفٌ مَــشْرَــفِيَّةٌ Certain swords, (S, O, K,) so called in relation to مَشَارِفُ, (S,) or in relation to مَشَارِفُ الشَّامِ, (O, Msb, K,) i. e. certain towns, or villages, of the land of the Arabs, near to the رِيف [q. v.]: (S, O, Msb, K:) so says AO: (S, O:) or, as some say, this is a mistake, and they are so called in relation to a place of El-Yemen: (Msb:) [or, accord. to some, in relation to المَشَارِفُ, certain towns, or villages, near Howrán: (see De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., iii. 53:)] and it is said that مَــشْرَــف was the name of a blacksmith who made swords: (TA:) one says سَيْفٌ مَــشْرَــفِىٌّ, (S, O, Msb,) not مَشَارِفِىٌّ, because a rel. n. is not formed from a pl. of the measure of مَشَارِفُ. (S, O.) مُــشَرَّــفٌ [Elevated, or exalted, in rank, condition, or estimation; or ennobled]; (K, TA;) an epithet applied to a man; from الــشَّرَــفُ. (TA.) A2: Also A garment, or piece of cloth, dyed with the red clay or earth [&c.] called شَرَــف. (IAar, TA.) مَــشْرُــوفٌ (S, TA) and مَــشْرُــوفٌ عَلَيْهِ (Z, TA) Overcome, or surpassed, in شَرَــف [i. e. highness, elevation, or eminence, of rank, condition, or estimation; or nobility]. (S, Z, TA.) مُشْتَرِفٌ A horse high in make. (S, O, K.)

(شَرَــقَ)
(هـ) فِي حَدِيثِ الْحَجِّ ذَكَرَ «أَيَّامَ التَّــشْرِــيقِ فِي غَير مَوضِع» وَهِيَ ثلاثةُ أَيَّامٍ تَليِ عِيدَ النَّحْرِ، سُمِّيت بِذَلِكَ مِنْ تَــشْرِــيقِ اللَّحْمِ، وَهُوَ تَقديدُه وبَسْطه فِي الشَّمْسِ ليَجِفّ، لأنَّ لُحوم الأضاَحِى كَانَتْ تُــشَرَّــقُ فِيهَا بمنٌى. وَقِيلَ سُمِّيت بِهِ لِأَنَّ الهَدْي والضَّحايا لَا تُنحَرُ حَتَّى تَــشْرُــقَ الشَّمْسُ: أَيْ تَطْلُع.
(هـ) وَفِيهِ «أَنَّ المْــشركين كَانُوا يَقُولُونَ: أَــشْرِــقْ ثَبِير كَيْمَا نُغيِر» ثَبير: جَبَل بِمِنًى، أَيِ ادْخُل أَيُّهَا الجَبَل فِي الــشُّرُــوقِ، وَهُوَ ضوءُ الشَّمْسِ. كَيْمَا نُغير: أَيْ نَدْفَعُ للنَّحر. وَذَكَرَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَنَّ أَيَّامَ التَّــشْرِــيقِ بِهَذَا سُمِّيَتْ.

شرب

1 شَرِــبَ, (S, A, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (A, K,) inf. n. شُرْــبٌ and شَرْــبٌ (S, A, Msb, K, &c.) and شِرْــبٌ, (S, A, K,) agreeably with three different readings of the Kur lvi. 55, (S, TA,) the first of which (with damm) is that generally obtaining, (Fr, TA,) and is the only one admitted by Jaafar Ibn-Mohammad, notwithstanding which the second form (with fet-h) is said by MF to be the most chaste as well as the most agreeable with analogy, (TA,) or the second (with fet-h) is an inf. n., and the first is a simple subst., (AO, S, Msb, K,) and so is the third, (AO, S, K,) and مَــشْرَــبٌ, (S, K,) which is also a n. of place [and of time], (S,) and تَــشْرَــابٌ, (S K, TA,) a form used when muchness of the act is meant, (TA,) and تِــشْرَــابٌ, which is anomalous, (TA voce بَيَّنَ, q. v.,) He drank, (KL, PS, TK,) or he swallowed, syn. جَرِعَ, (A, K, [but the former meaning is evidently intended by this explanation, and such I shall assume to be the case in giving the explanations of the derivatives in the A and K. &c.,]) water, &c., (S,) or a liquid, properly by sucking in, or sipping; and otherwise tropically; (Msb;) [generally, gulping it; for] you say, شَرِــبَ المَآءَ فِى كَرَّةٍ [He drank the water at once, or at a single draught]; and فِى ↓ تــشرّــبهُ مُهْلَةٍ [He drank it leisurely, or gently, or slowly]: (Mgh:) شُرْــبٌ signifies the conveying to one's inside, by means of his mouth, that in the case of which chewing is not practicable: (KT:) [but] Es-Sarakustee says, one does not say of a bird شَرِــبَ المَآءَ, but حَسَاهُ. (Msb.) In the saying of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, describing clouds, شَرِــبْنَ بِمَآءِ البَحْرِ ثُمَّ تَرَفَّعَتْ [which is evidently best rendered They drank of the water of the sea, then rose aloft, agreeably with what has been stated respecting بِ in the sense of مِنْ in p. 143, it is said that] the ب is redundant, or, as رَوِينَ is rendered trans. by means of بِ, [though I do not think that this is the case unless بِ be used as meaning “ by means of,” and I do not remember to have met with an instance of it,] شَرِــبْنَ is thus rendered trans. (TA.) [See a similar ex. in the 28th verse of the Mo'allakah of 'Antarah, EM p. 232. One says also, شَرِــبَ فِى إِنَآءٍ, meaning He drank out of a vessel; agreeably with an explanation of مِــشْرَــبَةٌ, in the S and K, as meaning إِنَآءٌ يُــشْرَــبُ فِيهِ.] and one says, إِنِّى لَأَمْكُثُ اليَوْمَيْنِ مَا أَــشْرَــبُهُمَا مَآءً, meaning مَا أَــشْرَــبُ فِيهِمَا مَآءً [i. e. Verily I tarry the two days not drinking in them water]. (O.) b2: [شَرِــبَ الدَّوَآءَ, in the conventional language of the physicians, as is indicated in the Mgh, voce بَنْجٌ (q. v.), on the phrase شَرِــبَ البَنْجَ, and as is shown in many instances in the K &c., means He took, i. e. swallowed, the medicine, whether fluid or solid. b3: And in the present day, they say, شَرِــبَ الدُّخَانَ, meaning He inhaled, properly imbibed, smoke of tobacco; or he smoked tobacco, or the tobacco.] b4: One says of seed-produce, or corn, when its culms have come forth, قَدْ شَرِــبَ الزَّرْعُ فِى القَصَبِ (assumed tropical:) [The seed-produce, or corn, has imbibed into the culms]: (O, TA:) and when the sap (المَآء) has come into it, شَرِــبَ قَصَبُ الزَّرْعِ (assumed tropical:) [The culms of the seed-produce, or corn, have imbibed]. (TA.) And one says, شَرِــبَ السُّنْبُلُ الدَّقِيقَ (tropical:) [The ears of corn imbibed the farina; or] became pervaded by the farina; (En-Nadr, A, O;) or had in them the alimentary substance; as though the farina were water which they drank. (TA.) And وَقَدْ شَرِــبَ الزَّرْعُ الدَّقِيقَ, occurring in the story of Ohod, (O, TA,) as some relate it, or ↓ شُرِّــبَ as others relate it, means (tropical:) [And the seed-produce, or corn, had imbibed, or had been made to imbibe, the farina, or] had become hardened in its grain, and near to maturity. (TA.) [And ↓ أُــشْرِــبَ means the same: for one says,] أُــشْرِــبَ الزَّرْعُ (tropical:) [The seed-produce, or corn, was made to imbibe the farina; or] became pervaded by the farina: and in like manner, أُــشْرِــبَ الزَّرْعُ الدَّقِيقَ, i. e. (tropical:) [The seed-produce, or corn, was made to imbibe the farina, or] its alimentary substance. (TA.) b5: One also says, أَكَلَ غَنَمِى وَــشَرِــبَهَا (tropical:) [He ate the flesh of my sheep, or goats, and drank the milk of them]. (TA in art. اكل.) And [in like manner] أَكَلَ فُلَانٌ مَالِى

وَــشَرِــبَهُ (tropical:) [Such a one fed upon, devoured, or consumed, my property]. (A.) And أَكَلَ عَلَيْهِ الدَّهْرُ وَــشَرِــبَ (tropical:) [Time wasted him, or wore him away; as though it fed upon him]. (A.) b6: And مَا لَمْ ↓ أَــشْرَــبْتَنِى

أَــشْرَــبْ [lit. Thou hast made me to drink what I have not drunk,] meaning (tropical:) thou hast charged against me, or accused me of doing, what I have not done; (S, A, K;) like أَكَّلْتَنِى مَا لَمْ آكُلْ. (S in art. اكل.) b7: شَرِــبَ also signifies He was, or became, satisfied with drinking: (TA:) and in like manner شَرِــبَت is said of camels. (A 'Obeyd, S, TA.) And He was, or became, thirsty; (K, TA;) thus having two contr. significations; (TA;) as also ↓ أَــشْرَــبَ. (K, TA.) b8: Also, and ↓ أَــشْرَــبَ, His camels were, or became, satisfied with drinking: and, i. e. both these verbs, his camels were, or became, thirsty: (K, TA:) or the former verb signifies, or signifies also, (accord. to different copies of the K,) his camel was, or became, weak. (K, TA.) A2: شَرِــبَ بِهِ, and بِهِ ↓ أَــشْرَــبَ, He lied against him. (K.) A3: شَرَــبَ, aor. ـُ (O, K, TA,) inf. n. شَرْــبٌ, (O, TA,) He understood: (O, K, TA:) on the authority of AA. (TA.) [In a copy of the A, the verb in this sense is written شَرِــبَ; and app. not through the fault of the transcriber, for it is there mentioned as tropical: but in the O, it is said to be like كَتَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَتْبٌ; and in the K, to be like نَصَرَ.] One says, شَرَــبَ مَا أُلْقِىَ إِلَيْهِ, i. e. He understood [what was told to him]. (TA.) And one says to a stupid person, اُحْلُبْ ثُمَّ اشْرُــبْ Kneel thou; then understand. (O, TA. See also 1 in art. حلب.) 2 شَرَّــبَ [شرّــبهُ, inf. n. تَــشْرِــيبٌ, He made him to drink water &c.; and so, as is indicated in the S and K &c., and as is well known, ↓ أَــشْرَــبَهُ: and] شَرَّــبْتُ المَآءَ I gave to drink the water; as also ↓ أَــشْرَــبْتُهُ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] one says, ظَلَّ مَالِى يُؤَكَّلُ وَيُــشَرَّــبُ [lit. My cattle passed the day made to eat and made to drink,] i. e. (assumed tropical:) pasturing as they pleased. (S, TA.) And شَرَّــبَ مَالِى وَأَكَّلَهُ [lit. He made people to drink my property, and made them to eat it; or to drink the milk of my cattle, and to eat the flesh thereof;] i. e. (assumed tropical:) he fed people, (S,) or gave people to drink and to eat, (TA,) [of] my property, or cattle. (S, TA.) b3: and شرّــب الأَرْضَ وَالنَّخْلَ (assumed tropical:) He gave drink to the land and the palm-trees. (TA.) b4: And شرّــب لُقْمَةً

بِالدَّسَمِ (assumed tropical:) [He imbued, or soaked, a morsel, or mouthful, with grease, or gravy]. (TA in art. روغ.) b5: And شَرَّــبْتُ القِرْبَةَ, (A 'Obeyd, S,) inf. n. تَــشْرِــيبٌ, (A 'Obeyd, K,) (assumed tropical:) I rendered the water-skin sweet; (K;) I put into the water-skin, it being new, clay and water, in order to render its savour sweet. (A 'Obeyd, S.) b6: And شُرِّــبَ الزَّرْعُ الدَّقِيقَ: see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph.3 شاربهُ, (S, A, K, TA,) inf. n. مُشَارَبَةٌ and شِرَــابٌ, He drank with him; namely, a man. (TA.) b2: [And He watered his camels, &c. with his, i. e. with another's : or he drew water with him for the watering of camels &c.:] see an ex. of the latter inf. n. in a verse cited voce شَرِــيبٌ.4 أَــشْرَــبَ see 2, in two places. One says, أَــشْرَــبْتُ الإِبِلَ حَتَّى شَرِــبَتْ [I made the camels to drink until they were satisfied with drinking; or I watered the camels, or gave them to drink, &c.]; (S, TA;) [for] أَــشْرَــبَ is syn. with سَقَى. (K.) b2: [Hence,] الثَّوْبُ يُــشْرَــبُ الصٍّبْغَ: see 5. And أُــشْرِــبَ الثَّوْبُ حُمْرَةً (tropical:) The garment, or piece of cloth, was imbued, or saturated, with redness. (A.) and أَــشْرَــبَ اللَّوْنَ (tropical:) He saturated the colour [with dye]. (K, TA.) And أُــشْرِــبَ لَوْنًا (assumed tropical:) It was intermixed with a colour; as also ↓ اِــشْرَــابَّ. (TA.) and أُــشْرِــبَ الأَبْيَضُ حُمْرَةً (assumed tropical:) The white was suffused, or tinged over, with redness. (S, TA.) b3: [Hence, أُــشْرِــبَ is also said of a sound, as meaning (assumed tropical:) It was mixed with another sound; as appears from the words here following:] حِسُّ الصَّوْتِ فِى الفَمِ مِمَّا لَا إِــشْرَــابَ لَهُ مِنْ صَوْتِ الصَّدْرِ (assumed tropical:) [The faint, or gentle, sound of the voice in the mouth, of such kind as has no mixture of the voice of the chest]. (K in art. همس.) b4: [Hence also,] أُــشْرِــبَ الزَّرْعُ: see 1, latter half. b5: And أُــشْرِــبَ فِى قَلْبِهِ حُبَّهُ, (S,) or أُــشْرِــبَ حُبَّ فُلَانٍ, (K,) or حُبَّ فُلَانَةَ, (A,) (tropical:) [He was made to imbibe into his heart the love of him, or of such a man, or of such a female;] meaning that the love of him, or of her, pervaded, or commingled with, his heart, (S, A, K, TA,) like beverage. (TA.) Whence, in the Kur [ii. 87], وَأُــشْرِــبُوا فِى قُلُوبِهِمُ الْعِجْلَ, for حُبَّ العِجْلِ, (S, TA,) i. e. (assumed tropical:) And they were made to imbibe [into their hearts] the love of the calf.. (Zj, TA.) b6: And رَفَعَ يَدَهُ فَأَــشْرَــبَهَا الهَوَآءَ ثُمَّ قَالَ بِهَا عَلَى قَذَالِهِ (tropical:) [He raised his hand, and made the air to swallow it up, (i. e. raised it so high and so quickly that it became hardly seen,) then gave a blow with it upon the back of his head]. (A, TA.) b7: And أَــشْرَــبْتَنِى مَا لَمْ أَــشْرَــبْ: see 1, latter half. b8: And one says to his she-camel, لَأُــشْرِــبَنَّكِ الحِبَالَ (tropical:) [I will assuredly put upon thee the ropes, or cords], and العِقَالَ [the cord, or rope, with which the fore shank and the arm are bound together]. (A.) [Or] اشربهُ means (tropical:) He put the rope, or cord, upon his neck; namely, a man's, (K, TA,) and a camel's, and a horse's or the like: (TA:) and اشرب الخَيْلَ he put the ropes, or cords, upon the necks of the horses. (K,) and اشرب إِبِلَهُ (tropical:) He tied his camels, every one to another. (K, TA.) A2: اشرب as an intrans. verb: see 1, last quarter, in two places. b2: Also He (a man, TA) attained to the time for the drinking of his camels. (K, * TA.) A3: اشرب بِهِ: see 1, near the end of the paragraph.5 تَــشَرَّــبَ see 1, first sentence. b2: Hence one says, (Mgh,) تــشرّــب الثَّوْبُ العَرَقَ, (S, Mgh, * K,) and الصِّبْغَ, (A, Mgh, L,) (tropical:) The garment, or piece of cloth, imbibed, or absorbed, (S, A, Mgh, * L, K,) the sweat, (S, Mgh, K,) and the dye; (A, Mgh, L;) as though it drank it by little and little: (Mgh:) and [in like manner] one says, الثَّوْبُ يــشرب الصِّبْغَ [app. ↓ يُــشْرَــبُ, (like as one says يُــشْرَــبُ حُمْرَةً, as shown in the next preceding paragraph,) meaning (assumed tropical:) The garment, or piece of cloth, is made to imbibe, or absorb, the dye]. (TA.) [It is said that] the verb is not used intransitively in the [proper] language of the Arabs. (Mgh.) [But] one says, تــشرّــب الصِّبْغُ فِى الثَّوْبِ, meaning (tropical:) The dye pervaded the garment, or piece of cloth: (K, * TA:) and الصِّبْغُ يَتَــشَرَّــبُ الثَّوْبَ (tropical:) [The dye pervades the garment, or piece of cloth]. (TA.) [See also the explanation of a verse cited voce تَسَقَّى.]10 استــشرب لَوْنُهُ (assumed tropical:) His, or its, colour became intense. (K.) And استــشربت القَوْسُ حُمْرَةً (assumed tropical:) The bow became intensely red: such is the case when it is made of the [tree called] شَرْــيَان. (AHn, (TA.) 11 اِــشْرَــابَّ: see 4, near the beginning. Q. Q. 4 اِــشْرَــأَبّ, (S, A, O, K,) inf. n. اِــشْرِــئْبَابٌ, (S, O,) (tropical:) He raised his head like the camel that has satisfied his thirst on the occasion of drinking: (A:) or he stretched forth his neck to look: (S, A, O, K:) not improbably, from الــشُّرْــبُ in its well known sense, as though he did so when preparing to drink: (O:) or, as is said in the L, from مَــشْرَــبَةٌ as syn. with غُرْفَةٌ: (TA:) you say, اِــشْرَــأَبَّ لَهُ, (S, A,) or إِلَيْهِ, (K,) or both; (TA;) [the former of which may be rendered He raised his head at it, or he stretched forth his neck at it to look; or, as also the latter, he stretched forth his neck to look at it;] namely, a thing: (S:) or اشرأبّ originally means he stretched forth his neck in preparing to drink water: and then, in consequence of frequency of usage, he raised his head, and stretched forth his neck, in looking; and hence is trans. by means of إِلَى: (Har p.

152:) or he raised, or exalted, himself. (K, * TA.) يَــشْرَــئِبُّونَ لِصَوْتِهِ, occurring in a trad., means (tropical:) They will raise their heads at his voice to look at him. (TA.) And اِــشْرَــأَبَّ النِّفَاقُ وَارْتَدَّتِ العَرَبُ, in another trad., means (tropical:) Hypocrisy exalted itself [and the Arabs apostatized, or revolted from their religion]. (TA.) شَرْــبٌ an inf. n. of شَرِــبَ [q. v.]. (S, A, Msb, K, &c.) A2: And a pl., (S, Msb,) or [rather] a quasipl. n., (ISd, TA,) of شَارِبٌ, q. v. (S, ISd, Msb, TA.) A3: [Golius assigns to it also the meaning of “ Linum tenue,” as on the authority of Meyd.]

شُرْــبٌ an inf. n. of شَرِــبَ [q. v.]; (S, A, Msb, K, &c.;) like ↓ شِرْــبٌ: (S, A, K:) or a simple subst. [signifying The act of drinking]; (AO, S Msb, K;) as also ↓ شِرْــبٌ. (AO, S, K.) A2: In the phrase أَخُوكَ شُرْــبٌ it is used as [an epithet,] meaning ذُو شُرْــبٍ [which may be regarded as virtually syn. with شَارِبٌ or as similar to this latter but intensive in signification]. (Ham p. 194.) شِرْــبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. b2: Also Water, (K, TA,) itself; so some say; (TA;) as also ↓ مِــشْرَــبٌ, (K, accord. to the TA,) with kesr, (TA,) or ↓ مَــشْرَــبٌ, (so in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K,) i. e. water that one drinks; so says Az: pl. of the former أَــشْرَــابٌ. (TA.) [See also شَرَــابٌ.] b3: [And A draught of milk: see an ex. in a verse cited in art. سلف, conj. 4.] b4: And A share, or portion that falls to one's lot, of water: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) or so شِرْــبٌ مِنْ مَآءٍ. (ISk, TA.) It is said in a prov., آخِرُهَا أَقَلُّهَا شِرْــبًا [The last of them is the one of them that has the least share of water]: originating from the watering of camels; because the last of them sometimes comes to the water when the watering-trough has been exhausted. (S. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 61.]) b5: As a law-term, it means The use of water [or the right to use it] for the watering of sown-fields and of beasts. (Mgh.) b6: Also A wateringplace; syn. مَوْرِدٌ: (Az, K:) pl. as above. (TA.) b7: And (assumed tropical:) A time of drinking: (K:) but they say that it denotes the time only by a sort of tropical application; and they differ respecting the connexion of this meaning with the proper meaning. (MF, TA.) شَرَــبٌ: see شَرَــبَةٌ, in two places.

شَرْــبَةٌ A single act of drinking. (S.) b2: and A single draught, or the quantity that is drunk at once, of water. (S.) It is said in a prov., نِعْمَ مِعْلَقُ الــشَّرْــبَةِ هٰذَا [Excellent, or most excellent, is the traveller's drinking-cup, or bowl, that will hold a single draught, namely, this!]: the مِعْلَق is said by As to be a drinking-cup or bowl which the rider upon a camel suspends [to his saddle]: (Meyd:) it is said in describing a camel: (TA:) and it means that, to the place of alighting to which he desires to go, he is content with a single draught, not wanting another: (Meyd, TA:) the prov. is applied to him who, in his affairs, is content with his own opinion, not wanting that of another person. (Meyd.) شَرْــبَةُ أَبِى الجَهْمِ [The draught of Abu-l-Jahm] is said of a thing that is sweet, or pleasant, but in its result unwholesome: (MF, TA:) Abu-l-Jahm was a frequent visiter of the Khaleefeh El-Mansoor El-'Abbásee, who, finding him troublesome, ordered that a poisoned draught should be given to him, in his presence: which having been done, Abu-l-Jahm, pained by the draught, rose to depart; and being asked by the Khaleefeh whither he was going, he answered, Whither thou hast sent me, O Prince of the Faithful. (MF.) b3: In the Mo'allakah of Tarafeh, it is applied to A draught of wine. (EM p. 87.) b4: [In the conventional language of the physicians, it is a term applied to A dose of medicine, such as is drunk and also such as is eaten.]

A2: Also A palm-tree that grows from the date stone: (K:) pl. شَرَــبَاتٌ. (TA. [It seems to be there added that شَرَــائِبُ and شَرَــابِيبُ are also its pls.: the former may be like ضَرَائِرُ pl. of ضَرَّةٌ: the latter is app. a mistranscription, and should perhaps be شَرَــائِيبُ, for شَرَــائِبُ; like مَحَامِيرُ for مَحَامِرُ, &c.]) شُرْــبَةٌ, (K,) or شُرْــبَةٌ مِنْ مَآءٍ, (S,) The quantity of water that satisfies thirst. (S, K.) b2: شُرْــبَةٌ is also syn. with ↓ إِــشْرَــابٌ [originally an inf. n.] meaning (assumed tropical:) A colour tinged over with another colour; as in the saying, فِيهِ شُرْــبَةٌ مِنْ حُمْرَةٍ (assumed tropical:) [In him is a colour tinged with redness]: (S, TA:) [and] (tropical:) somewhat of redness; as in the phrase, فِيهِ شُرْــبَةٌ (tropical:) [In him is somewhat of redness]: (A:) or (assumed tropical:) a redness in the face: (K:) or (assumed tropical:) whiteness mixed with redness. (IAar, TA voce حُسْبَةٌ.) شَرَــبَةٌ [The act, or habit, of] much drinking. (K.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَذًو شَرَــبَةٍ, meaning Verily he is one who drinks much. (AA, AHn, TA.) A2: It is also allowable as a pl. of شَارِبٌ [q. v.]. (Msb.) A3: Also A small trough, (S, K, TA,) made, (S,) or dug, (TA,) around a palm-tree, (S, K, TA,) and around any other kind of tree, and filled with water, (TA,) holding enough to irrigate it fully, (K, TA,) so that it is plentifully irrigated thereby: (S, TA:) pl. ↓ شَرَــبٌ [or rather this is a coll. gen. n., of which the former is the n. un.,] and [the pl. properly so termed is]

شَرَــبَاتٌ. (S.) b2: And i. q. كُرْدُ دَبْرَةٍ, (K, TA,) which is syn. with مَسْقَاةٌ: (TA:) [from a comparison of the explanations of all of these words, it seems to mean A channel of water for the irrigation of a plot, or tract, of sown land: or, if the explanation مسقاة, in the TA, be conjectural, the meaning may be a portion of such land, having a raised border to retain the water admitted upon it:] pl. شَرَــبَاتٌ and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ شَرَــبٌ [as above]. (TA.) A4: Also Thirst. (Lh, T, O, K.) One says, لَمْ تَزَلْ بِهِ شَرَــبَةٌ اليَوْمَ He has not ceased to have thirst to-day. (Lh, TA.) And جَآءَتِ الإِبِلُ وَبِهَا شَرَــبَةٌ The camels came thirsty. (T, O.) And طَعَامٌ ذُو شَرَــبَةٍ Food wherewith one has not sufficient water to satisfy thirst. (O, TA.) Accord. to the L, شَرَــبَةٌ signifies The thirst of cattle after the being satisfied with fresh pasture; because this invites to drink. (TA.) b2: And Vehemence of heat. (K.) One says, يَوْمٌ ذُو شَرَــبَةٍ A day of vehement heat, in which is drunk more water than at other times. (TA.) شُرَــبَةٌ One who drinks much; (ISk, S, K;) as also ↓ شَرُــوبٌ and ↓ شَرَّــابٌ. (S.) One says رَجُلٌ

أُكَلَةٌ شُرَــبَةٌ A man who eats and drinks much. (ISk, S.) شُرْــبُبٌ, applied to herbage, i. q. غَمْلَى; (O, K;) i. e. Tangled and dense, one part above another. (O.) شَرَــبَّةٌ, [said to be] the only word of this form except جَرَبَّةٌ, (K,) [but to this should be added بَغَتَّةٌ, inf. n. of بَغَتَهُ,] A way, mode, or manner, of being, or acting &c. (S, O, K.) One says, مَا زَالَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى شَرَــبَّةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ Such a one ceased not to be [employed] upon one affair. (S, O.) A2: And A tract of land, (K, TA,) soft, or plain, (TA,) producing herbs, but having in it no trees. (K, TA.) b2: [And] The side of a valley. (Mgh.) شَرَــابٌ A beverage, or drink, (Mgh, L, Msb, K,) of any of the liquids, (Mgh, Msb,) or of anything that is not chewed, (L,) or of whatever kind and in whatever state it be; thus in a copy of the K: (TA:) and syn. with شَرَــابٌ are ↓ شَرِــيبٌ and ↓ شَرُــوبٌ, (K,) accord. to a saying attributed to Az: (TA:) or these two have another meaning, expl. in the next paragraph: (K:) the pl. of شَرَــابٌ is أَــشْرِــبَةٌ; (Mgh, TA;) or it has no pl., as is said in the K in art. نهر [accord. to one or more of the copies; but see نَهَارٌ, where it is shown that in copies of the K, as well as in the S, the word to which this statement relates is سَرَابٌ, with the unpointed س]. (TA.) The lawyers [and generally the post-classical writers, and sometimes others,] mean thereby [Win, and] such beverage as is forbidden. (Mgh.) [Also Sirup: pl. شَرَــابَاتٌ: so in the language of the present day.]

شَرُــوبٌ and ↓ شَرِــيبٌ are syn. with شَرَــابٌ, q. v.: or both signify Water inferior to the عَذْب [or sweet]: (K:) or [brackish water; i. e.] water between the salt and the sweet: (AO, S:) or water drinkable, or fit to be drunk, but in which is disagreeableness: (Msb:) or the former signifies water that has some degree of sweetness, and is sometimes drunk by men notwithstanding what is in it; and ↓ the latter, water inferior to what is sweet, and not drunk by men save in cases of necessity, but sometimes drunk by cattle: (IKtt, TA:) or ↓ the latter, the sweet: and the former is said to signify water that is drunk: (TA:) or ↓ the latter, water that has no sweetness in it, but is sometimes drunk by men notwithstanding what is in it; and the former, water inferior to this in sweetness, and not drunk by men save in cases of necessity: (Az, T, M, TA:) or, accord. to Lth, ↓ شَرِــيبٌ and ↓ شِرِّــيبٌ signify water in which are bitterness and saltness, but not abstained from as drink: and مَآءٌ شَرُــوبٌ and طَعِيمٌ are syn.: and ↓ مَآءٌ مِــشْرَــبٌ is syn. with شَرُــوبٌ: this last word is used alike as masc. and fem. and sing. and pl. (TA.) It is said in a prov., originally in a trad., جُرْعَةُ شَرُــوبٍ أَنْفَعُ مِنْ عَذْبٍ مُوبٍ [expl. in art. وبأ]. (TA.) A2: Also, شَرُــوبٌ, A man who drinks vehemently. (TA.) See also شُرَــبَةٌ: and شِرِّــيبٌ. b2: And (assumed tropical:) A she-camel desiring the stallion. (K.) شَرِــيبٌ: see شَرَــابٌ: and شَرُــوبٌ; the latter in five places.

A2: Also One who drinks with another: (S, K:) and one who waters his camels with those of another: of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مُفَاعِلٌ: (S:) and one who draws water, or is given to drink, with another. (IAar, K.) You say, هُوَ شَرِــيِبِى [He is my companion in drinking; or in watering his camels with mine: &c.]. (TA.) And a rájiz says, رُبَّ شَرِــيبٍ لَكَ ذِى حُسَاسِ كَالحَزِّ بِالمَوَاسِى ↓ شِرَــابُهُ [Many a one who waters his camels with thine, or who draws water with thee for the watering of camels, having an evil disposition, his watering &c. is like the cutting with razors]: i. e., thy waiting for him at the watering-trough is [a cause of] killing to thee and to thy camels. (TA.) شَرِــيبَةٌ is expl. in the S as meaning A sheep, or goat, which one drives back, or brings back, from the water, when the sheep, or goats, are satisfied with drinking, and which they follow: but in some of the copies in a marginal note stating that the correct word is سَرِيبَةٌ, with the unpointed س. (TA.) شَرَــابِىٌّ A cup-bearer: or a butler: and a seller of wine or of sirup. (MA.) شُرَــأْبِيبَةٌ a subst. (K) from اِــشْرَــأَبَّ [q. v.; as such signifying (tropical:) A raising of the head like the camel that has satisfied his thirst on the occasion of drinking: &c.]: (S, K, TA:) like طُمَأْنِينَةٌ [from اِطْمَأَنَّ]. (K, TA.) شَرَّــابٌ: see شُرَــبَةٌ: and what here next follows.

شِرِّــيبٌ Addicted to شَرَــاب [i. e. drink, or wine]; (S, K, TA;) like خِمِّيرٌ; (S;) as also ↓ شَرَّــابٌ and ↓ شَرُــوبٌ and ↓ شَارِبٌ. (TA.) A2: See also شَرُــوبٌ.

شُرَّــابَةٌ A tassel: so in the language of the present day: probably post-classical: pl. شَرَــارِيبُ.]

شَارِبٌ Drinking, or a drinker: pl. شَارِبُونَ (Msb) and ↓ شَرْــبٌ, like as صَحْبٌ is of صَاحِبٌ, (S, Msb,) or, accord. to ISd, (TA,) شَرْــبٌ, which signifies people drinking, (K, TA,) and assembling for drinking, is a quasi.-pl. n. of شَارِبٌ, being like رَكْبٌ and رَجْلٌ; and شُرُــوبٌ, which is said by IAar [and in the S] to be pl. of شَرْــبٌ, is pl. of شَارِبٌ, like as شُهُودٌ is of شَاهِدٌ; (TA;) شَرَــبَةٌ also is allowable as a pl. of شَارِبٌ, like as كَفَرَةٌ is pl. of كَافِرٌ; (Msb;) and أَــشْرُــبٌ is pl. of شَرْــبٌ, or it may be an anomalous pl. of شَارِبٌ: (MF:) the pl. شُرُــوب occurs in the saying of El-Aashà, هُوَ الوَاهِبُ المُسْمِعَاتِ الــشُّرُــو بَ بَيْنَ الحَرِيرِ وَبَيْنَ الكَتَنْ

[He is the giver of female singers to the drinkers, some clad in silk and some in linen]. (S.) b2: See also شِرِّــيبٌ. b3: [Hence, The mustache; i. e.] the defluent hair over the mouth; (Msb;) or so شَوَارِبُ, (Lh, A, K,) which is the pl., (Lh, S, Msb,) as though the sing, applied to every distinct part: (Lh:) the two [halves] are called شَارِبَانِ: (S, TA:) or, as some say, only the sing. is used, and the dual is a mistake: (TA:) accord. to AHát (Msb, TA) and AAF, (TA,) the dual is is scarcely ever, or never, used; but accord. to AO, the Kilábees say شَارِبَانِ, with regard to the two extremities: (Msb, TA:) and the pl., (A, K,) or, accord. to the T &c., the dual, (TA,) signifies the long portions [of the hair] on the two sides of the سَبَلَة [q. v.]: (T, A, K, TA:) or (K, TA) شَارِبٌ signifies the سَبَلَة altogether, (A, K, TA,) as some say; but this is not correct. (TA.) One says, طَرَّ شَارِبُ الغُلَامِ [The mustache of the boy, or young man, grew forth]. (S.) b4: and hence, as being likened to the two long portions of hair on each side of the سَبَلَة, the شَارِبَانِ of the sword, (T, TA,) i. e. (tropical:) Two long projections (أَنْفَانِ طَوِيلَانِ) at the lower part of the hilt, (A, * K, TA,) [extending from the guard,] one on one side and the other on the other side of the blade, (T, * TA,) the غَاشِيَة [or leathern covering of the scabbard] being beneath them: so says ISh. (TA.) b5: الشَّوَارِبُ also signifies (tropical:) The عُرُوق [or ducts] of the حُلْقُوم [or windpipe]: (A:) or certain ducts (عُرُوق) in the حَلْق [i. e. fauces or throat], (K, TA,) that imbibe the water [or saliva?], being the channels thereof: (TA:) and, (K,) or, as some say, (TA,) the channels of the water [or saliva?] (S, K, TA) in the حَلْق [i. e. fauces or throat] (S) or in the neck: (K, TA:) or certain ducts (عُرُوق) adhering to the windpipe, and the lower parts thereof to the lungs: so says IDrd: or rather, some say, the hinder part thereof [adhering] to the وَتِين [or aor. a], having tubes from which the voice issues, and in which choking takes place, and whence the saliva issues: and those of the horse are said to be [certain ducts] by the side of the أَوْدَاج [or external jugular veins], where the veterinary surgeon draws blood by cutting the اوداج: the sing. seems by implication to be شَارِبٌ. (TA.) Hence the phrase حِمَارٌ صَخِبُ الشَّوَارِبِ (assumed tropical:) An ass that brays vehemently. (S, TA.) And صَخِبُ الشَّوَارِبِ (tropical:) [A man] having a disagreeable voice: thus likened to an ass. (A, TA.) b6: Accord. to IAar, الشَّوَارِبُ signifies [also] مَجَارِى المَآءِ فِى العَيْنِ, which AM supposes to mean The channels of water in the spring, or source; not in the eye. (L, TA.) b7: سُنْبُلٌ شَارِبُ قَمْحٍ means (tropical:) Ears of corn becoming, or being, pervaded by the farina: (A, TA:) or, in which the grain has hardened, and nearly come to maturity. (TA.) A2: Also (assumed tropical:) Weakness, or feebleness, in any animal: (K, * TA:) or a strain (عِرْق) thereof; as in the saying, نِعْمَ البَعِيرُ هٰذَا لَوْلَا

أَنَّ فِيهِ شَارِبَ خَوَرٍ (assumed tropical:) [Excellent, or most excellent, were the camel, this one, were there not in him a strain of weakness or feebleness]. (TA.) شَارِبَةٌ [a subst. from شَارِبٌ, made such by the affix ة,] A people, or party, dwelling upon the side (ضَفَّة, in some copies of the K صُفَّة,) of a river, (S, * A, K,) and to whom belongs the water thereof. (S.) إِــشْرَــابٌ as syn. with شُرْــبَةٌ: see the latter.

مَــشْرَــبٌ is a noun of place, [and of time,] as well as an inf. n.: [i. e.] it signifies [A place, and a time, of drinking: or] the quarter (وَجْه) whence one drinks: (S, TA:) and a place to which one comes to drink at a river or rivulet: (TA:) and ↓ مَــشْرَــبَةٌ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) not, as is implied in the K, مَــشْرُــبَةٌ also, (TA,) signifies [the same, as is indicated in the A; or] a place whence people drink; (Msb, TA; *) i. q. مَــشْرَــعَةٌ; (K;) or like a مَــشْرَــعَة. (S, TA.) One says, هٰذَا مَــشْرَــبُ القَوْمِ and ↓ مَــشْرَــبَتُهُمْ [This is the people's, or party's, drinkingplace, or place whence they drink]. (A.) And it is said in a trad., ↓ مَلْعُونٌ مَنْ أَحَاطَ عَلَى مَــشْرَــبَةٍ, (S, TA,) i. e. [Cursed is he] who takes entirely to himself, debarring others from it, a place whence people drink. (TA.) b2: See also شِرْــبٌ.

مُــشْرَــبٌ حُمْرَةً (tropical:) A man whose complexion is tinged over [or intermixed] with redness. (TA.) [See 4: and see also مُــشَرَّــبٌ.]

رَجُلٌ مُــشْرِــبٌ A man whose camels have drunk [until satisfied with drinking: see أَــشْرَــبَ near the end of the first paragraph]. (TA.) And A man whose camels are thirsty, or who is himself thirsty. (TA.) اِسْقِنِى فَإِنَّنِى مُــشْرِــبٌ is a saying mentioned by IAar, and expl. by him as meaning عَطْشَانُ: it means [Give thou me to drink, for] I am thirsty or my camels are thirsty. (TA.) مِــشْرَــبٌ: see شِرْــبٌ: and see also شَرُــوبٌ.

مَــشْرَــبَةٌ: see مَــشْرَــبٌ, in three places. b2: Hence, (A, TA,) An upper chamber; syn. غُرْفَةٌ; (S, A, Msb, K, TA;) and عُِلِّيَّةٌ; (S, * K;) both of which signify the same; (MF, TA;) because people drink therein; (A, TA;) as also ↓ مَــشْرُــبَةٌ: (S, Msb, K, TA:) pl. مَشَارِبُ, (TA,) syn. with عَلَالِىُّ, (S,) and مَــشْرَــبَاتٌ. (TA.) b3: And the former, (K, TA,) not, as is implied in the K, the latter also, (TA,) A صُفَّة [i. e. roofed vestibule or the like]: (K, TA:) or the like of a صُفَّة in the front of a غُرْفَة [expl. above]. (TA.) b4: Also the former, (K, TA,) not, as is implied in the K, both words, (TA,) Soft, or plain, land, in which is always herbage, (K, TA,) i. e. green and juicy herbage. (TA.) b5: See also مِــشْرَــبَةٌ.

A2: [Also A cause of drinking: a word of the class of مَبْخَلَةٌ

&c.] One says طَعَامٌ مَــشْرَــبَةٌ Food [that is a cause of drinking, or] upon which one drinks much water: (T, TA:) or طَعَامٌ ذُو مَــشْرَــبَةٍ food upon which the eater drinks. (A.) مَــشْرُــبَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مِــشْرَــبَةٌ, (S, A, K,) and MF says that ↓ مَــشْرَــبَةٌ is allowable in the same sense, mentioning it as on the authority of Fei, [in my copy of whose lexicon, the Msb, I do not find it,] (TA,) A drinkingvessel. (S, A, K.) مُــشَرَّــبٌ حُمْرَةً (tropical:) A man whose complexion is much tinged over [or much intermixed] with redness. (TA.) [See also مُــشْرَــبٌ.] b2: مُــشَرَّــبَةٌ is an epithet applied to Certain letters the utterance of which, in pausing, is accompanied with a sort of blowing, but not with the same stress as the [generality of those that are termed] مَجْهُورَة: they are زَاى and ظَآء and ذَال and ضَاد: [and Lumsden (in his Ar. Gr. p. 47) states that رَآء belongs to the same class, likewise: and, as some say, نُون when movent:] Sb says that some of the Arabs utter with more vehemence of voice than others. (TA.)