عدو
1 عَدَــاهُ, (
Mgh,
K,) first
Pers\. عَدَــوْتُهُ, (
Msb,)
aor. ـْ (
Mgh,
Msb,) [
inf. n. عَدْــوٌ,] He passed from it, (
Mgh,
Msb,
K,) namely, a thing, or an affair, (
K,) to another, (
Mgh,
Msb,) and left it; (
K;) and
عَدَــا عَنْهُ signifies the same; (
K;) as also ↓ تـ
ـعدّــاه; (
S, *
K;) and in like manner one says, ↓
عَدَّــيْتُهُ,
inf. n. تَـ
ـعْدِــيَةٌ; (
Msb;) [but I do not find this elsewhere, and think that correctly one should say, عَنْهُ ↓
عَدَّــيْتُ; agreeably with what here follows:] the saying عَنْ هٰذَا ↓
عَدِّ means Leave thou this, and turn from it to another; and is
app. from the phrase هَمَّكَ ↓
عَدِّإِلَى غَيْرِهِ [Turn thy anxiety to other than him, or it]; the
objective complement being altogether left out, so that the verb becomes as though it were
ـعَدٍّ and لَازِمٌ">intrans.; and there are many instances similar to this in the language: (
Har p. 478:) one says, عَنِّى الهَمَّ ↓
عَدَّــيْتُ I turned away from me anxiety: and [hence] you say to him who has pursued you, عَنِّى إِلَى غَيْرِى ↓
عَدِّ, meaning Turn thou the beast upon which thou art riding towards other than me: (
TA:) and عَمَّا تَرَى ↓
عَدِّ, meaning Turn thou thine eye from what thou seest. (
S.) [See an
ex. of the first of these verbs in the
Ham p. 125.] One says also,
عَدَــاهُ الأَمْرُ and ↓ تـ
ـعدّــاهُ The thing, or affair, passed from him. (
TA. [See an
ex. in the first paragraph of art.
عدم.]) And the Arabs say, إِنَّ الجَرَبَ لَيَـ
ـعْدُــو, meaning Verily the mange, or scab, passes from him that has it to him that is near to him so that the latter becomes mangy, or scabby. (
Msb.) And مَا
عَدَــا فُلَانٌ أَنْ صَنَعَ [
app. meaning Such a one did not leave, or,
accord. to an explanation of the verb in a similar phrase in
Har p. 333, did not delay, his doing such a thing]. (
S.)
Accord. to
Er-Rághib, الـ
ـعَدْــوُ primarily signifies Transition; [whence what here precedes;] or the going, or passing, beyond, or the exceeding, a limit, or the usual limit: and incompatibility to coalesce. (
TA.)
b2: And [hence,]
عَدَــاهُ,
aor. as above, [
inf. n. عَدْــوٌ,] He went, or passed, beyond it; exceeded it; or transgressed it. (
S,
TA. *) So in the saying
عَدَــا طَوْرَهُ [He went, or passed, beyond his proper limit; exceeded it; or transgressed it]: and in like manner, الحَقَّ ↓ تـ
ـعدّــى and ↓ اعتداهُ signify He went, or passed, beyond, &c., what was true, or right; and so عَنِ الحَقِّ, and فَوْقَ الحَقِّ. (
TA.) أَمَا
عَدَــا مَنْ بَدَا, a saying in which the vulgar erroneously omit the interrogative أ, means Does not he transgress that which is right who begins by acting injuriously? (
TA.) And it is said
عَدَــا القَارِصُ فَحَرَزَ (
tropical:) What was biting to the tongue attained to an excessive degree, so that it became acid: meaning that the affair, or case, became distressing. (
S in art. قرص.)
b3: And
عَدَــا عَلَيْهِ,
inf. n. عَدْــوٌ and
عَدَــآءٌ (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
K) and
عُدُــوٌّ (
S,
Msb,
K) and
عُدْــوَانٌ (
ISd,
Msb,
K) and
عِدْــوَانٌ (
ISd,
K) and
عُدْــوَى; (
K;) and ↓ تـ
ـعدّــى, and ↓ اعتدى; (
S,
Msb,
K;) He acted wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically, against him; (
S,
Msb,
K;) and transgressed against him, or exceeded the proper limit against him: (
S,
Msb:) [and he acted aggressively against him; agreeably with an explanation of the
inf. n. of the last of these verbs in what follows: (see an
ex. in a verse cited
voce رِيحٌ:)] or he acted with excessive wrongfulness, &c., against him: (
Mgh:) and ↓ ا
عدى signifies the same as the other verbs here mentioned; (
K,
TA;) whence (
TA) one says, فِى مَنْطِقِكَ ↓ أَـ
ـعْدَــيْتَ Thou hast deviated from that which is right in thy speech: (
S,
TA:) ↓ الاِعْتِدَآءُ is the exceeding what is right; and it is sometimes in the way of aggression; and sometimes in the way of requital; and instances of the usage of its verb in both of these manners occur in the
Kur ii. 190: (
Er-Rághib,
TA:) the first and third of the
inf. ns. of
عَدَــا, mentioned above, occur in the
Kur vi.
108 accord. to different readings: (
S,
TA:) and [it is said that] الـ
ـعُدْــوَانُ signifies sheer, or unmixed, wrongful or unjust or injurious or tyrannical conduct: (
S:) or, as some say, the worst of [such conduct, i. e., of] الاِعْتِدَآء, in strength, or deed, or state or condition. (
TA.)
b4: And
عَدَــا عَلَيْهِ He acted corruptly towards him. (
TA.)
b5: And
عُدِــىَ عَلَيْهِ He had his property stolen, and was wronged. (
TA.) And
عَدَــا عَلَى القُمَاشِ,
inf. n. عَدَــآءٌ [said in the
TA to be like سَحَابٌ, but in the
CK عَدًــا,] and
عُدْــوَانٌ and
عَدَــوَانٌ, (
K,
TA,) but in the
M written with damm and fet-h [i. e.
عُدْــوَان and
عَدْــوَان], (
TA,) said of a thief, He stole the قماش [meaning goods, or utensils and furniture]. (
K,
TA.) And
عَدَــا فِى ظَهْرِهِ He stole what was behind him: (A in art. ظهر:) [or he acted wrongfully in respect of what was behind him: for] لِصٌّ عَادِى ظَهْرٍ is
expl. by the words
عَدَــا فِى ظَهْرٍ فَسَرَقَهُ [so that it
app. meansA thief who has acted wrongfully in respect of what was behind one, and stolen it]. (O and
K in that art.)
b6: And
عَدَــا عَلَيْهِ, (
K,
TA,)
inf. n. عَدْــوٌ, (
TA,) signifies also He leaped upon him, or it. (
K,
TA.)
b7: And
عَدَــا, (
K,) or
عَدَــا فِى
مَشْيِهِ, (
Msb,)
aor. ـْ (
Msb,
K,)
inf. n. عَدْــوٌ (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
K) and
عَدًــا and
عُدُــوٌّ and
عَدَــوَانٌ and تَـ
ـعْدَــآءٌ, (
K,) signifies أَحْضَرَ [i. e. He ran; or rose in his running]; (
S, *
K,
TA;) said of a man and of a horse: (
TA:) or he went a pace nearly the same as that termed هَرْوَلَةٌ, (
Msb,
TA,) not so quick, (
TA,) or which is not so quick, (
Msb,) as that termed جَرْىٌ: (
Msb,
TA:) or he went a pace less quick than شَدٌّ and more so than مَشْىٌ: (
TA in art. سعى:) or [he went quickly, or swiftly; for] الـ
ـعَدْــوُ signifies السُّرْعَةُ: (
Mgh:) [or rather he ran, whether gently or moderately or vehemently: that it often signifies he ran vehemently is shown by the
prov. مِنْ سُلَيْكٍ ↓ أَـ
ـعْدَــى
More vehement in running than Suleyk, who is said to have outstripped fleet horses; and by numerous exs.:] and ↓ عّى signifies the same as
عَدَــا, denoting a quick pace. (
TA in art. هبص.)
b8: And [hence, perhaps,]
عَدَــا المَآءُ,
aor. ـْ (assumed
tropical:) The water ran. (
TA.)
A2: عَدَــاهُ عَنِ الأَمْرِ, (
S,
K,)
inf. n. عَدْــوٌ and
عُدْــوَانٌ; as also ↓
عدّــاهُ; (
K;) signifies He, or it, diverted him; or turned him away, or back; (
S,
K;) and occupied him so as to divert him; (
K;) from the thing, or affair. (
S,
K.) You say,
عَدَــتْ عَوَادٍ. (
S,
TA. See عَادِيَةٌ,
voce عُدَــوَآءُ: and see also the last sentence of the first paragraph of art. عود.)
b2: عَدَــانِى مِنْهُ شَرٌّ means بَلَغَنِى [i. e.,
app., Evil, or mischief, reached me from him, or it]. (
TA. [See a signi-fication of 4.])
A3: عَدِــيتُ لَهُ signifies I hated him, or it. (
ISd,
K.)
A4: عَدَــا is also a verb by which one makes an exception, with مَا [preceding it] and without مَا: (
S,
K:) you say, جَآءَنِى القَوْمُ مَا
عَدَــا زَيْدًا [The people, or party, came to me, except Zeyd]; and جَاؤُونِى
عَدَــا زَيْدًا [which means the like]; putting what follows it in the
accus. case; the
agent being implied in it: (
S: [see this
expl. in what has been said of خَلَا as used in the same manner:])
accord. to
MF, it is a verb when what follows it is put in the
accus. case; and when what follows it is put in the
gen. case, it is a
particle, by common consent: (
TA: [and the like is said in the
Mughnee; i. e., that it is similar to خَلَا in respect of the explanations there given of the different usages of this latter; but that
Sb did not know it to have been used otherwise than as having the quality of a verb:]) one says, رَأَيْتُهُمْ
عَدَــا أَخَاكَ and مَا
عَدَــاهُ, meaning مَا خَلَا [i. e. I saw them, except thy brother]: and sometimes it governs the
gen. case without ما: thus in the
M:
Az says, [as though regarding it as only a
particle,] when you suppress [ما], you make it to govern the
accus. case as meaning إِلَّا and you make it to govern the
gen. case as meaning سِوَى. (
TA.
2 عداهٌ, (
S,
K,)
inf. n. تَـ
ـعْدِــيَةٌ, (
K,) He made him, or it, to pass [from a thing, or an affair, to another: see 1, first sentence]: (
S,
K:) and he made it to pass through, and go beyond;
syn. أَنْفَذَهُ. (
K.)
b2: Hence تَـ
ـعْدِــيَةُ الفِعْلِ, a phrase of the grammarians, [generally meaning (assumed
tropical:) The making the verb transitive,] as in خَرَجَ زَيْدٌ فَأَخْرَجْتُهُ [Zeyd went forth and I made him to go forth]. (
TA.)
b3: See also 1, first quarter, in seven places:
b4: and again, in the latter half, in two places.
3 عاداهُ, (
K,
TA,)
inf. n. مُعَادَاةٌ, (
S,
K,
TA,) [He treated him, or regarded him, with enmity, or hostility:] the verb in this phrase is that of which the
epithet is
عَدُــوٌّ, and the
subst. is
عَدَــاوَةٌ. (
K,
TA.) [It is perhaps from one of the three phrases next following].
b2: عادى الشَّىْءَ signifies He was, or became, distant, or aloof, from the thing; or he made the thing to be, or become, distant, or aloof;
syn. بَا
عَدَــهُ. (
TA.) And you say, فُلَانٌ لَا يُعَادِينِى وَلَا يُوَادِينِى, meaning لَا يُجَافِينِى وَلَا يُوَاتِينِى [
app. Such a one will not make me to be, or become, remote, or aloof, from him, nor will he comply with me: but لَا يُوَادِينِى properly signifies he will not take from me the دِيَة, or bloodwit]. (
TA.) And عَادِ رِجْلَكَ عَنِ الأَرْضِ Draw away thy leg, or foot, from the ground. (
TA.) And عَادَى الأَدَاةَ عَنِ البَعِيرِ He raised [partially] the furniture (consisting of the saddle and saddle-cloth) from contact with the camel [so as to render it bearable by him]. (
ISh,
TA in art. غلق.)
b3: عادى شَعَرَهُ He took [somewhat] from his hair: or he raised it, (
K,
TA,) in washing it: or he neglected it, and did not oil it, or anoint it: or he subjected it time after time to the purification termed وُضُوع, and to washing. (
TA.)
b4: عادى الوِسَادَةَ He folded the pillow. (
TA.)
b5: عادى القِدْرَ He lowered one of the three stones upon which the cooking-pot rested, in order that it (the pot) might incline upon the fire. (
TA.)
b6: عادى بَيْنَ الصَّيْدَينِ, (
S, *
K,)
inf. n. عِدَــآءٌ (
S,
K) and مُعَادَاةٌ, (
K,) He made a succession, of one to the other, between the two animals of the chase, (
S,
K,) by throwing down one of them immediately after the other, (
S,) in one طَلَق [or heat]. (
S,
K.) Imra-el-Keys says, [describing a horse,] فَعَادَى
عِدَــآءً بَيْنَ ثَوْرٍ وَنَعْجَةٍ
دِرَاكًا وَلَمْ يَنْضَحْ بِمَآءٍ فَيُغْسَلِ [And he made a succession, of one to the other, between a wild bull and a wild cow, by running down one after the other in a single heat, overtaking uninterruptedly, and not breaking out with water (i. e. sweat) so as to become suffused therewith]. (
S. [See
EM p. 49.]) In like manner also المُعَادَاةُ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ means The piercing, or thrusting, two men, one after the other, uninterruptedly. (
TA.)
b7: And عَادَيْتُهُ [sometimes] signifies I vied, or contended, with him in running;
i. q. حَاضَرْتُهُ, from الحُضْرُ. (A in art. حضر.) 4 ا
عدى الأَمْرَ He passed from, or beyond, another, to the thing, or affair: so in the
K. (
TA.) But in the
M it is said, ا
عداهُ الدَّآءُ signifies The disease passed from another to him. (
TA.) And one says أَـ
ـعْدَــى فُلَانٌ فُلَانًا مِنْ خُلُقِهِ, or مِنْ عِلَّةٍ بِهِ, or جَرَبٍ, (
S,
TA,) i. e. Such a one made somewhat of his natural disposition, or of a disease, or malady, that was in him, or of mange, or scab, to pass [from him] to such a one; [or infected him therewith; (see two exs., in a verse and a hemistich, cited in the first paragraph of art. جنى;)] and ا
عداهُ بِهِ signifies the same: and ا
عدى صَاحِبَهُ He made his companion to acquire the like of what was in him. (
TA.) And يُـ
ـعْدِــى is said of the mange, or scab, &c., meaning It passes from him that has it to another; (
S,
K;) and in like manner one says of a disease, ↓ يتـ
ـعدّــى: (
Nh,
TA:) but it is said in an explanation of a
trad., لَا يُـ
ـعْدِــى شَىْءٌ شَيْئًا [i. e. A thing (meaning disease) does not pass by its own agency to a thing]. (
S,
TA.) [Therefore] one says, of the mange, or scab, [or the like,] ا
عداهُ اللّٰهُ God made it to pass from him that had it to one that was near to him, so that he became affected therewith. (
Msb.)
b2: One says also, of a man, قَدْ أَـ
ـعْدَــى النَّاسَ بِشَرٍّ He has made evil, or mischief, to cleave to men. (
TA.)
A2: See also 1, near the middle, in two places.
A3: ا
عداهُ عَلَيْهِ He aided, or assisted, him, (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
K,) and strengthened him, (
K,) against him; (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
K;) and avenged him of him; (
S,
Msb;) namely, one who had wronged him. (
S,
Mgh,
Msb.) and ا
عداهُ He (a judge) heard his accusation against another, and commanded to bring his adversary. (
Mgh.)
A4: ا
عداهُ, (
S,
Msb,
K,
TA,) namely, a horse, (
S,
TA,) and also a man, (
TA,) [He made him to run, whether gently or moderately or vehemently: or, as sometimes used,] he made him, (
K,
TA,) or desired him, (
S,) to go the pace termed حُضْر: (
S,
K,
TA:) or he made him to go a pace nearly the same as that termed هَرْوَلَة, (
Msb,
TA,) not so quick, (
TA,) or which is not so quick, (
Msb,) as that termed جَرْى: (
Msb,
TA: [see 1, latter half:]) and ↓ استـ
ـعداهُ signifies the same. (
S.) 5 تَـ
ـعَدَّــوَ see 1, first quarter, in two places: and see 4.
b2: [Hence تـ
ـعدّــى said of a verb, It was, or became, transitive.]
b3: تـ
ـعدّــى الحَقَّ: and تـ
ـعدّــى
عَلَيْهِ: see 1, second quarter, in two places.
A2: تَـ
ـعَدَّــوْا They found milk, (
K,
TA,) which they drank, (
TA,) and it rendered them in no need of wine: (
K,
TA:) so in the copies of the
K; but correctly, of flesh-meat, as in the
M. (
TA.)
b2: And They found pasturage for their cattle, and it rendered them in no need of purchasing fodder. (
K, *
TA.)
A3: And تـ
ـعدّــى مَهْرَ فُلَانَةَ He took, or received, the dowry, or bridal gift, of such a woman. (
K.) 6 تعادى القَوْمُ The people, or party, became affected, [or infected,] or smitten, (
S,
TA,) one with the disease of another, or one with the like of the disease of another: (
S:) or died, one after another, (
S,
TA,) in one month, and in one year. (
TA.) And تعادت الإِبِلُ The camels died in great numbers. (
TA.)
b2: And تعادى القَوْمُ عَلَىَّ بِنَصْرِهِمْ The people, or party, came upon me consecutively with their aid, or assistance. (
TA.)
b3: One says also, تعادى القَوْمُ (
S,
K) from الـ
ـعَدَــاوَةُ (
S) meaning The people, or party, treated, or regarded, one another with enmity, or hostility. (
K.)
b4: And تعادى مَا بَيْنَهُمْ (
S,
K) The case, or affair, that was between them became in a bad, or corrupt, state, (
S,) or complicated, intricate, or confused, so as to be a subject of disagreement, or difference, between them. (
K.)
b5: And تعادى المَكَانُ The place was, or became, dissimilar in its several parts; and uneven. (
TA.) and [hence] one says, بِعُنُقِى وَجَعٌ مِنْ تَعَادِى الوِسَادِ مِنَ المَكَانِ المُتَعَادِى i. e. [In my neck is a pain from the unevenness of the pillow from] the uneven place. (
TA.)
b6: And تعادى He, or it, was, or became, distant, remote, far off, or aloof, (
S, *
K, *
TA,) عَنْهُ from him, or it. (
S,
TA.)
A2: تعادوا They vied, competed, or contended for superiority, in going the pace termed الـ
ـعَدْــو [meaning in running]. (
K,
TA.) 8 إِعْتَدَوَ see 1, second quarter, in three places.
b2: الاِعْتِدَآءُ in supplication [to God] is The exceeding the limits of the [Prophet's] rule, or usage, that has been transmitted from generation to generation. (
TA.) 10 الاِسْتِـ
ـعْدَــآءُ signifies The asking, or demanding, of aid, or assistance, (
Mgh,
Msb,) and of vengeance, or avengement, (
Mgh,) and of strengthening: (
Msb:) and also the act of aiding, or assisting. (
Mgh.) You say, استـ
ـعداهُ He asked, or demanded, of him (i. e. the prince, or governor, or commander,
S,
Mgh,
Msb) aid, or assistance, (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
K,) عَلَيْهِ against him, (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,) namely, one who wronged him: (
Mgh,
Msb:) [or,]
accord. to El-Khuwárezmee (who derives it from الـ
ـعَدِــىُّ signifying الرَّجَّالَةُ الَّذِينَ يَـ
ـعْدُــونَ), استـ
ـعدى [or استـ
ـعدى القَاضِىَ] means he asked, or demanded, of the judge, that he should make his foot-messengers to run in quest of his antagonist and to bring him, for the purpose of exacting from him his right, or due. (De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., iii. 100. [and an explanation similar to this, but not a similar derivation, is indicated in the
Mgh by an explanation of أَـ
ـعْدَــاهُ,
q. v.])
b2: See also 4, last sentence.
عَدَــا, as a verb, or a preposition, or both, denoting an exception: see 1, last sentence.
عَدْــوٌ an
inf. n. of 1 [
q. v.]
b2: فَعَلَ كَذَا
عَدْــوًا بَدْوًا means He did thus openly, or publicly. (
TA.)
عِدْــوٌ: see
عِدًــى:
b2: and see also
عَدَــآءٌ.
عَدًــى [or
عَدًــا]: see
عُدْــوَةٌ, in two places: and عَادٍ, last sentence.
عُدًــى: see the next paragraph.
A2: [It is also a
pl. of
عَدُــوٌّ,
q. v.]
عِدًــى The stones of a grave; as also ↓
عُدًــى: (
KL:) [i. e.] the broad stones with which the [oblong excavation called] لَحْد is covered over: (
AA,
TA:) or a thin stone with which a thing is concealed, or covered over; as also ↓
عِدَــآءٌ; (
K,
TA;) the latter written in [a copy of] the
M ↓
عَدَــاءٌ, like سَحَابٌ; but [the former explanation seems to be the more correct, for] it is added in the
K that one thereof is termed ↓
عِدْــوٌ; and
accord. to this, the word
expl. above [or each of the two words
expl. above] is a
pl. (
TA. [See also
عِدْــوَةٌ.])
b2: And Any piece of wood that is put between two [other] pieces of wood. (
K, *
TA.)
A2: See also
عُدْــوَةٌ, in two places: and عَادٍ, last sentence:
b2: and
عُدَــوَآءُ:
b3: and
عَدَــآءٌ.
A3: [It is also a
pl. of
عَدُــوٌّ, which see in two places.
A4: ] And
عِدَــى is used as a prefixed
n. for
عِدَــة as
syn. with وَـ
ـعْد. (
Fr;
S and
L in art. و
عد,
q. v.)
عَدْــوَةٌ [
inf. n. un. of
عَدَــا:
pl. عَدَــوَاتٌ.
b2: Hence the saying, السُّلْطَانُ ذُو
عَدَــوَاتٍ وَذُو بَدَوَاتٍ,
expl. voce بَدَآءٌ, in art. بدو. See another reading of this saying
voce عَدَــوَانٌ.]
b3: [Hence also,] one says, لَهُ
عَدْــوَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ He has a vehement run of the kind termed
عَدْــو,
inf. n. of
عَدَــا. (
Msb)
b4: عَدْــوَةُ الأَمَدِ means The extent of the eyesight. (
TA.) And one says, هُوَ مِنِّى
عَدْــوَةَ القَوْسِ [
app. meaning He, or it, is at the distance of a bowshot from me]. (
TA.)
A2: See also
عُدْــوَةٌ.
b2: عَدَــايَا is used in poetry as a
pl. of
عدوة [
app. عَدْــوَةٌ, but in what sense is not shown]. (
TA.)
عُدْــوَةٌ and ↓
عِدْــوَةٌ, (
S,
Msb,
K,) the former of the
dial. of Kureysh and the latter of the
dial. of Keys, (
Msb,) and ↓
عَدْــوَةٌ, (
K,) all mentioned by
ISd, (
TA,) The side of a valley; (
S,
Msb,
K;) as also ↓
عِدًــى; (
K;) which last likewise signifies [absolutely] a side, or lateral part or portion; and so ↓
عَدًــى; (
K,
TA; [see both
voce عَادٍ, last sentence;]) thus in the
M; (
TA;) and the
pl. is أَـ
ـعْدَــآءٌ; (
K,
TA;) or this last signifies [particularly] the sides of a valley, and so do ↓
عِدًــى and ↓
عَدًــى: (
TA:) the
pl. of
عُدْــوَةٌ and ↓
عِدْــوَةٌ is
عِدَــآءٌ and [of
عُدْــوَةٌ]
عُدَــيَاتٌ also. (
S.)
b2: And
عُدْــوَةٌ signifies also An elevated place; and so ↓
عِدْــوَةٌ: (
AA,
S,
K:)
pl. [as above, i. e. of both]
عِدَــآءٌ and [of the former]
عُدَــيَاتٌ [also]. (
K. [In some copies of the
K, the latter
pl. is written
عَدَــيَاتٌ; in the
CK عُدْــياتٌ; but it is correctly
عُدَــيَاتٌ, as above, thus in my copies of the
S; and perhaps
عِدَــيَاتٌ may also be a
pl., i. e. of
عِدْــوَةٌ, being thus written
accord. to the
TA in copies of the
S.])
b3: And A place far extending: (
K,
TA:) mentioned by
ISd. (
TA.)
b4: See also
عَدَــآءٌ.
b5: [Reiske, as stated by Freytag, has
expl. عُدْــوَةٌ as signifying “ Atrium, impluvium domus: ” but this the former has
app. done from his having found
عدوة erroneously written for عَذِرَة.]
A2: عُدْــوَةٌ signifies also The kind of plants, or herbage, termed خُلَّة; i. e., in which is sweetness. (
TA.)
عِدْــوَةٌ: see
عُدْــوَةٌ, in three places:
b2: and see also
عَدَــآءٌ.
b3: [Freytag states, as from the Deewán of the Hudhalees, that,
accord. to some, it signifies A stone with which a grave, or a well, is covered: and that the
pl. is ↓
عَدَــآءٌ: this latter, if correct, is a
quasi-pl. n.: but perhaps it is correctly
عِدَــآءٌ: see
عِدًــى, first sentence.]
A2: أُمُور
عِدْــوَة [
app. أُمُورٌ
عِدْــوَةٌ, or perhaps أُمُورُ
عِدْــوَةٍ,] signifies Remote affairs. (
TA.)
عَدْــوَى Mange, or scab, or other disease, that passes, or is transitive, from one to another; (
S,
K,
TA;) a transitive disease; and such is said to be the جَرَب, and the بَرَص, and the رَمَد, and the حَصْبَة, and the جُذَام, and the وَبَآء, and the جُدَرِىّ. (
Kull p. 259.) You say, لَا تُقَرِّبْهُ مِنْهُ فَإِنَّ بِهِ
عَدْــوَى Do not thou bring him near to him, for in him is a disease such as the mange, or scab, that is transitive from one to another. (
TK.)
b2: And The transition of the mange, or scab, or other disease, from him that has it to another: (
S,
K,
TA,
TK:) the
subst. from يَـ
ـعْدُــو said of the mange, or scab,
expl. above, as meaning “ it passes ” &c. (
Msb. [See 1, first quarter.]) It is said in a
trad., لَا
عَدْــوَى, i. e. لَا يُـ
ـعْدِــى شَىْءٌ شَيْئًا [A thing (meaning disease) does not pass by its own agency to a thing]; (
S;) or [
lit.] there is no transition of the mange, or scab, or other disease, from him that has it to another. (
TK.)
b3: And
i. q. فَسَادٌ [i. e. Badness, corruptness, unsoundness, &c.]. (
K,
TA. [In the
CK erroneously written in this sense
عُدْــوٰى; which, however, being an
inf. n. of
عَدَــا in the phrase
عَدَــا عَلَيْهِ,
q. v., may be correctly used as having the same, or nearly the same, meaning.]) So in the saying, ?? [In him, or it, is badness, &c.]. (
TK.)
A2: A(??) A demand that one makes upon a prefect, or governor, [or judge,] to aid, or assist, him against him who has wronged him, i. e. to inflict penal retribution on him, (
IF,
S,
Msb,) for his wrongdoing to him. (
IF,
Msb.)
b2: and Aid, or assistance, against a wrongdoer, (
S,
Mgh,
TA,) required of a judge, for the bringing into his presence the antagonist: and also applied to a signet, or a [sealed] piece of clay, given by the judge as a token to denote the summoning of him whose presence is required. (
Mgh.)
عُدَــوَآءُ (
S,
K) and ↓ عَادِيَةٌ and ↓
عَدَــآءٌ (
K) Distance, or remoteness, (
S,
K,
TA,) as also ↓
عِدًــى, (
Ham p. 377,) [or particularly] of a house, or an abode, or a dwelling. (
S,
TA.) [Hence,] one says, طَالَتْ
عُدَــوَاؤُهُمْ Their distance, or remoteness, one from another, and their separation, was, or became, long. (
TA.)
b2: Also (i. e. the first and ↓ second and ↓ third words) Occupation, or business, that turns one away, or back, from a thing: (
K,
TA:) or
عُدَــوَآءُ signifies a custom, or habit, of occupation or business: (
TA:) and
عُدَــوَآءُ الشُّغْلِ, the hindrances, or impediments, of occupation or business: (
S,
TA:) and one says, جِئْتَنِى وَأَنَا فِى
عُدَــوَآءَ عَنْكَ i. e. [Thou camest to me when I was engaged] in an occupation that diverted [me from thee]: (so in one of my copies of the
S:) the
pl. of ↓ عَادِيَةٌ is عَوَادٍ: (
TA:) عَوَادِى الدَّهْرِ means the accidents, or casualties, of time or fortune, that divert [or intervene as obstacles] by occupying or busying: (
S:) and you say, عَوَادِ ↓
عَدَــتْ, [
lit.] meaning Things, or events, turning away, or back, turned, or have turned, away, or back; [but this phrase, when followed by دُونَ or بَيْنَ, I would rather render, simply, obstacles occurred, or have occurred;] (
S,
TA;) thus in the latter of two verses cited
voce حَبَّ. (
S.)
b3: عُدَــوَآءُ الدَّهْرِ means The shifting, and varying, of time or fortune. (
TA.)
b4: and
عُدَــوَآءُ الشَّوْقِ What has severely affected, distressed, or afflicted, its sufferer, of the yearning, or longing, of the soul, or of longing desire. (
TA.)
b5: And
عُدَــوَآءُ signifies also A مَرْكَب [i. e. beast, or saddle, or thing on which one rides,] that is not easy: (
K:) or,
accord. to
As, a place where he who sits thereon is not in a state of ease: and one says, جِئْتُ عَلَى مَرْكَبٍ ذِى
عُدَــوَآءَ i. e. [I came upon a beast, or saddle, &c.,] that was not easy: (
S:) and جِئْتُكَ عَلَى فَرَسٍ ذِى
عُدَــوَآءَ, the last word imperfectly
decl., i. e. [I came to thee upon a horse] that was not easy: (
TA:) and جَلَسَ عَلَى
عُدَــوَآءَ He sat upon an uneven thing or place; (
M,
TA;) the last word imperfectly
decl., as is said by
ISd. (
TA.)
b6: Also Dry, hard, land; (
K,
TA;) sometimes occurring in a well when it is dug; and sometimes it is stone, from which the digger turns aside: and one says, أَرْضٌ ذَاتُ
عُدَــوَآءَ, meaning land that is not even, or plain; not easy to walk or ride or lie upon: or, as some say, it means a rough, rugged, place: or an elevated place upon which the camel lies down and then reclines thereon upon his side, having by his side a depressed place, which causes him to tend downwards, in consequence whereof he becomes in the state termed تَوَهُّنٌ, [weak, or languid, and unable to rise,] i. e. in the condition of extending his body towards the low place while his legs are upon the
عُدَــوَآء, which is the elevated, so that he is unable to rise, and dies. (
TA.)
A2: And [it is said that] الـ
ـعُدَــوَآءُ also signifies اناخة قليلة [
app. إِنَاخَةٌ قَلِيلَةٌ, meaning A little, or brief, making of a camel to lie down upon the breast, as is done on the occasions of mounting and dismounting &c.]. (
TA.)
عُدْــوِىٌّ and
عُدَــوِىٌّ [are rel. ns. of which only the
fem. forms are mentioned, in what here follows].
عُدْــوِيَّةٌ and
عُدَــوِيَّةٌ are rel. ns. of
عُدْــوَةٌ as meaning “ the kind of plants, or herbage, termed خُلَّة,” the former
reg. and the latter
irreg.; and عَوَادٍ [
pl. of ↓ عَادٍ or of عَادِيَةٌ] is a possessive
epithet [from the same], without the relative ى: [all are
app. applied to camels, as meaning Having for their pasture the plants, or herbage, called
عُدْــوَة, above mentioned: but it is immediately added,] and
عُدْــوِيَّةٌ and
عُدَــوِيَّةٌ applied to camels signify that pasture upon the [plants called] حَمْض: (
TA:) and ↓ عَادِيَةٌ and [the
pl.] عَوَادٍ, so applied, have this latter meaning
accord. to the
M and
K: but
accord. to the
S, they are applied to camels as meaning abiding among the [trees called] عِضَاه, not quitting them, and not pasturing upon the حَمْض; and so is [the
pl.] عَادِيَاتٌ. (
TA in another portion of this art.) [See also عَاذِيَةٌ, in art. عذو.]
عِدَــوِىٌّ, being a rel.
n. of
عِدَــةٌ, see in art. و
عد.
عَدَــوِيَّةٌ The herbage of the صَيْف [
q. v., here
app. meaning spring], after the departure of the رَبِيع [
q. v., here
app. meaning winter]: (
S,
K:) it is applied to the young trees which then become green and are depastured by the camels: (
S:) or, as some say, the [plants, or herbage, called] رَبْل [
q. v.]. (
TA.)
b2: And The young ones of sheep or goats. (
K.)
b3: And Female infants [of the age] of forty days; (
K,
TA; [in the
CK, نَبات is erroneously put for بَنَات;]) but when their [hair termed] عَقِيقَة has been cut off, this appel-lation is no longer applied to them: so says
Lth; but
Az pronounces him to have erred: (
TA:) or it is with غ (
K,
TA) and ذ, both dotted, or only the former of them dotted, and one of them is called غَدِىٌّ [or غَدَوِىٌّ, or غَذِىٌّ or غَذَوِىٌّ]: thus in the
M, and thus
accord. to
Az. (
TA.)
عُدْــوَانٌ [
expl. in the
S as signifying Sheer or unmixed, wrongful or unjust or injurious or tyrannical conduct,] is an
inf. n. of
عَدَــا in the phrase
عَدَــا عَلَيْهِ [
q. v.]; (
ISd,
Msb,
K;) as also
عِدْــوَانٌ. (
ISd,
K.)
عَدَــوَانٌ, applied to a wolf, (
S,
K,) means يَـ
ـعْدُــو عَلَى النَّاسِ [i. e. That acts aggressively against men]; (
S,
TA;)
i. q. ↓ عَادٍ [
app. in this sense], (
K,
TA,) which occurs in a
trad. applied to a beast of prey, (
TA,) an
epithet applied to a beast of prey by the Prophet: (
Mgh:) one says سَبُعٌ عَادٍ and سِبَاعٌ عَادِيَةٌ. (
Msb.) [In the
S, immediately after the words يَـ
ـعْدُــو عَلَى النَّاسِ, it is added, and hence their saying, السُّلْطَانُ ذُو
عَدَــوَانٍ وَذُو بَدَوَانٍ; and thus I find the saying cited as from the
S in arts.
عدو and بدو of the
PS: but I think that
عَدَــوَانٍ and بَدَوَانٍ, here, are mistranscriptions for
عَدَــوَاتٍ and بَدَوَاتٍ, as I find them written in my copies of the
S and
TA in the arts. above mentioned: see
عَدْــوَةٌ, above; and see بَدَآءٌ in art. بدو, where it seems to be clearly shown that بَدَوَاتٍ is correct, as
pl. of بَدَاةٌ.]
b2: Also, (
S,
K, and
Ham p. 81,) and ↓
عَدَّــآءٌ, (
Mgh,
Msb,
K, and
Ham ubi suprà,) That runs vehemently, or much; (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
K; *)
i. q. شَدِيدُ الـ
ـعَدْــوِ, (
S,
TA,) or كَثِيرُ الـ
ـعَدْــوِ; (
Ham;) applied to a horse: (
Mgh, and
Ham:) [and to a man:] الشَّدِيدَةُ, in the
K, is a mistake for الشَّدِيدُهُ, meaning الشَّدِيدُ الـ
ـعَدْــوِ. (
TA.)
عَدَــآءٌ an
inf. n. of
عَدَــا in the phrase
عَدَــا عَلَيْهِ [
q. v.]. (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
K.)
b2: And, as also ↓
عِدَــآءٌ, A single طَلَق [or heat; i. e., a single run, at once, to a goal, or limit]; (
K,
TA;) of a horse. (
TA.)
A2: And
عَدَــآءُ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ, (
S,
K,) as also ↓
عِدَــاهُ, (
K,
TA,) [the latter written in the
CK عِداؤُهُ, but] the former is with the lengthened ا and the latter with the shortened ا, (
TA,) and ↓
عِدْــوُهُ and ↓
عِدْــوَتُهُ and ↓
عُدْــوَتُهُ, (
K,) signify طَوَارُهُ, (
S,
K,) i. e. [The equal, of anything, in breadth and length; or] what is coextensive with anything in its breadth and its length. (
S,
TA.) One says, لَزِمْتُ
عَدَــآءَ الطَّرِيقِ, or النَّهْرِ, or الجَبَلِ, meaning طَوَارَهُ [i. e. I kept to the tract coextensive in its breadth and its length with the road, or the river, or the mountain]. (
TA.)
A3: See also
عُدَــوَآءُ, first and third sentences.
A4: And see
عِدًــى, and
عِدْــوَةٌ.
عِدَــآءٌ: see the next preceding paragraph:
A2: and see also
عِدًــى.
عَدُــوٌّ And enemy,
contr. of وَلِىٌّ, (
S,) or of صَدِيقٌ, (
K,) or of صَدِيقٌ مُوَالٍ; (
Msb;) an
epithet, but resembling a
subst.: (
S:) [and (like our word “ enemy ” in military parlance) a hostile party: for] it is used alike as
sing. and
pl. and
masc. and
fem.; (
Msb,
K;) as is said in the “ Muk-tasar el-' Eyn: ” (
Msb:) but sometimes it is dualized and pluralized and feminized: (
K:) the
pl. is أَـ
ـعْدَــآءٌ; (
S,
Msb,
K;) and the
pl. of أَـ
ـعْدَــآءٌ is أَعَادٍ; (
Msb,
K; *) and
عِدًــى and
عُدًــى are also pls. of
عَدُــوٌّ; (
S,
Msb,
K; [each improperly termed in the
K اِسْمُ جَمْعٍ; for فِعَلٌ and فُعَلٌ are measures of pls., not of quasi-
pl. ns.;]) the former said by
ISk to be the only
pl. of this measure among epithets; (
S,
Msb; *) and
عُدَــاةٌ, with damm and with ة, is another
pl.; (
Th,
S,
Msb;) and is
pl. of ↓ عَادٍ, (
K,
TA,) which is
syn. with عَدُــوٌّ; (
S,
K,
TA;) as in the saying of a woman of the Arabs, أَشْمَتَ رَبُّ العَالَمِينَ عَادِيَكَ [May the Lord of the beings of the universe make thy enemy to rejoice at thy affliction]: (
S,
TA:) the
fem. form of
عَدُــوٌّ is
عَدُــوَّةٌ, (
S,
Msb,) which is said by
Az to be used when the meaning of an
epithet is intended: (
Msb:) it is said by
ISk, (
S,
TA,) and in the “ Bari',” (
Msb,) that there is no instance of the measure فَعُولٌ in the sense of فَاعِلٌ but its
fem. is without ة, except
عَدُــوَّةٌ, (
S,
Msb,
K,) in the phrase هٰذِهِ
عَدُــوَّةٌ اللّٰهِ [This woman is the enemy of God]:
accord. to
Fr,
عَدُــوَّةٌ has the affix ة to assimilate it to صَدِيقَةٌ; for a word is sometimes formed to accord with its
contr.: (
S,
TA:)
Az says that he heard certain of the tribe of 'Okeyl say, [of some women,] هُنَّ وَلِيَّاتُ اللّٰهِ and
عَدُــوَّاتُ اللّٰهِ and أًوْلِيَاؤُهُ and أَـ
ـعْدَــاؤُهُ [i. e. They are the friends of God and the enemies of God]. (
Msb.) [The
pl.]
عِدًــى signifies also Persons distant, or remote, one from another: (
ISd,
K,
TA:) and (
K) strangers, or foreigners: (
ISk,
S,
K,
TA:) and such as are distant, or remote, in respect of relationship; or not relations: (
TA:) as well as enemies: (
M,
TA:) كَالأَـ
ـعْدَــآءِ, which is added in the
K after وَالغُرَبَآءُ, should be وَالأَـ
ـعْدَــآءُ. (
TA.)
عَدِــىٌّ is a
pl. [or rather a
quasi-pl. n.] of عَادٍ,
q. v. (
S,
TA.)
عَدَــاوَةٌ Enmity, or hostility; (
S,
K,
TA;) like مُعَادَاةٌ [
inf. n. of 3,
q. v.]. (
TA.)
عَدَّــآءٌ: see
عَدَــوَانٌ, last sentence.
عَادٍ [
act. part. n. of
عَدَــا,
q. v. b2: As such particularly signifying] Acting wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically; transgressing, or exceeding the proper limit: (
Msb,
TA:)
pl. عَادُونَ. (
Msb.) Hence the saying, لَا أَشْمَتَ اللّٰهُ بِكَ عَادِيَكَ i. e. [May God not make to rejoice at thy affliction] him who acts wrongfully to thee. (
TA.) [And hence the phrase لِصٌّ عَادِى ظَهْرٍ,
expl. in art. ظهر.] See also
عَدَــوَانٌ. And see
عَدُــوٌّ, with which it is
syn. b3: Also Seizing, or carrying off, by force; or snatching at unawares. (
TA.) and العَادِى signifies [particularly] The lion; (
K,
TA;) because of his injuriousness, and his seizing men and making them his prey. (
TA.)
b4: ↓
عَدِــىٌّ is a
pl. of عَادٍ, [or rather a
quasi-pl. n.,] like as غَزِىٌّ is of غَازٍ; as such signifying Runners upon their feet: (
S,
TA:) or a company of men, (
K,
TA,) in the
dial. of Hudheyl, (
TA,) that run to the fight (
K,
TA) and the like: (
TA:) or the first, of the footmen, [or foot-soldiers,] that charge, or assault; (
K,
TA;) because they run quickly: (
TA:) like عَادِيَةٌ, (
K,
TA,) of which the
pl. is عَوَادٍ, (
TA,) in both senses: or this signifies the horsemen; (
K,
TA;) i. e. the first, of the horsemen, that charge, or assault, in a hostile, or predatory, incursion, especially; (
TA;) or horses making a hostile, or predatory, incursion; and hence [the
pl.] العَادِيَات in the
Kur c. 1. (
TA in the supplement to this art.) And
accord. to ElKhuwárezmee,
عَدِــىٌّ particularly signifies The foot-messengers of the sovereign, and of the judge, who are made to run in quest of one against whom an accusation has been made, and to bring him, for the purpose of exacting from him the right, or due, of his accuser. (De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., iii. 100.)
A2: عَادِى العَوَادِى, a phrase used by a poet, is
expl. by
IAar as meaning The hardest, or most pressing, or most severe, of occupations that turn one away, or back, from a thing. (
TA.)
A3: See also عَادٍ and its
fem. عَادِيَةٌ
voce عُدْــوِىٌّ.
A4: عَادِيَا اللَّوْحِ signifies طَرَفَاهُ [The two extremities, or two sides, of the tablet or the like]; (
K,
TA;) each of them being called عادى [i. e.
عَادِى اللَّوْحِ, or a mistranscription for عَادٍ], like
عِدى [i. e. ↓
عِدًــى or ↓
عَدًــى, both mentioned above,
voce عُدْــوَةٌ, as meaning, absolutely, a side, or lateral part or portion]. (
TA.) عَادِيَةٌ [
fem. of.عَادٍ,
q. v.
A2: As a
subst., it signifies] Wrongdoing, injustice, injuriousness, or tyranny; and evil, or mischief; (
S,
TA;) as in the saying دَفَعْتُ عَنْكَ عَادِيَةَ فُلَانٍ [I repelled, or have repelled, from thee the wrongdoing &c., and the evil, or mischief, of such a one]: (
S:) it is an
inf. n. [or rather a quasi-
inf. n.] like عَاقِبَةٌ: and signifies also sharpness, or hastiness, of temper; and anger. (
TA.) Also The harm, or hurt, of poison. (
Har p. 304.)
A3: See also
عُدَــوَآءُ, in three places.
A4: عَوَادِى الكَرْمِ, (
K,
TA,) of which عَادِيَةٌ is the
sing., (
TA,) signifies The grape-vines that are planted at the feet, or roots, of great trees. (
K,
TA.) أَـ
ـعْدَــى [a noun denoting the comparative and superlative degrees, and having several different significations]. أَـ
ـعْدَــى مِنَ الجَرَبِ More transitive, or wont to pass from one to another, than the mange, or scab, is a
prov. (
Meyd.) and أَـ
ـعْدَــى مِنَ الثُّؤَبَآءِ is another
prov., having a similar meaning [i. e. More wont to pass from one to another, or, as we commonly say, more catching, than yawning]; (
Meyd;) for when a man yawns in the presence of others, they become affected as he is. (
TA in art. ثأب.)
b2: أَـ
ـعْدَــى مِنَ الذِّئْبِ is also a
prov., and may mean More wrongful, or more inimical, or more vehement in running, than the wolf. (
Meyd.) أَـ
ـعْدَــى مِنْ سُلَيْكٍ, another
prov., (
expl. in the latter half of the first paragraph,) is from الـ
ـعَدْــوُ. (
Meyd.)
b3: هُوَ أَـ
ـعْدَــى شَىْءٍ [
app. meaning It is the most effectual thing to aid, or assist, or to avenge; أَـ
ـعْدَــى in this case being irregularly formed from the augmented verb in the phrase أَـ
ـعْدَــاهُ عَلَيْهِ]. (
TA in art. ادو: see آدَى in that art.) تَعَادٍ Uneven places, (
K,
TA,) dissimilar in their several parts: occurring in this sense in a
trad. (
TA.)
As mentions the saying نِمْتُ عَلَى
↓ مَكَانٍ مُتَعَادٍ, meaning [I slept upon] a place dissimilar in its several parts; uneven: and هٰذِهِ
↓ أَرْضٌ مُتَعَادِيَةٌ This is land having in it burrows, and [trenches, or channels, such as are termed]
لَخَاقِيق. (
S,
TA.) مَا لِى عَنْ فُلَانٍ مَـ
ـعْدًــى means There is not for me any going beyond such a one to another, nor any stopping short of him. (
S.) مَـ
ـعْدُــوٌّ: see what next follows.
فُلَانٌ مَـ
ـعْدِــىٌّ عَلَيْهِ and ↓ مَـ
ـعْدُــوٌّ (
S,
K *) mean [Such a one is] treated wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically: (
K:) the ى in مَـ
ـعْدِــىٌّ is substituted for و because the latter [in this case] is deemed difficult of utterance. (
S.) مُتَعَادٍ; and its
fem., with ة: see تَعَادٍ.
