سمو: سما: يتصرف مثل مرادفه علا (معجم مسلم) سما على فلان: فاقه وتغلب عليه (كرتاس ص18) سَمَّى (بالتشديد): اسمى، جعل له اسماً يقال: سماه وسمّى له، ففي كتاب عبد الواحد (ص172) رسالة سَمَّى لها رسالة حي بن يقظان.
سمَّى: قال بسم الله (انظر لين) وأضف إلى ما قال: إن امرأة قالت وقد عرضت ابنها: سمّوا أي قولوا بسم الله، لأنهم يعتقدون أن بسم الله تمنع الحسد والعين.
ويقال أيضاً في هذا المعنى سمّى بالله، وسمَّى بالرحيم وسمَّى على فلان (الجريدة الآسيوية 1869، 2: 190، 191).
تسمَّى: لم يشرح لين بوضوح قولهم تسمى بكذا التي وردت في تاج العروس واللغويون العرب يفسرون مثل قولهم تسمى بالخلافة (النويري الأندلس ص488، 489) تلقب بلقب الخليقة.
تسامى. تسامى بفلان مثل سمابه أي رفعه وأعلاه (ويجرز ص55) ولم يعرف الناشر هذا المعنى (ص196 رقم 358) فأخطأ في تغييره الكلمة التي وردت في المخطوطة وهي أيضاً في مخطوطة ا.
استسمى: يؤيد ما ذكره لين ما جاء في محيط المحيط وفيه استسمى فلاناً طلب معرفة اسمه (مولدة) وما جاء في معجم بوشر وفيه استسمى أحداً أي طلب منه معرفة اسمه سُمَي، واحدته سُميَّة: سُماني (الكالا) وهي تصحيف سُميّن.
سُمْيَّة: من مصطلح البحرية عّوامة، طوّافة، أداة لإنقاذ الغْرقى (أبو الوليد ص207) سُمْيَّة: سَمِيّة، الجهة الشمالية (محيط المحيط) سَمَاوة: في السعدية سماوا أي صحراء (النشيد 68، 78، 106، 107) سَمّاوِي: لازوردي، سمنجوني، ما كان بلون السماء (بوشر، همبرت ص80، المقري 1: 236) وفي ابن البيطار (2: 575) في كلامه عن نبات: الذي زهره سماوي.
سَمَاوي: ياقوت ازرق أو سمنجوني أو لازوردي مجلو الشرق والجزائر 13: 81).
فص سَماوي: حجر يمان، ياقوت، ياقوت زعفراني، صفير حجر كريم برتقالي محمر (المعجم اللاتيني - العربي) الصباغ السماوي: مادة ملونة تستخرج من العِظلم، الوسمة، وهو نبات عشبي زراعي للصباغ (تقويم ص84) وانظر مادة سمائي.
سَماوي: في الشام ريح الشمال (بوشر) وفي المغرب ريح الشمال - الشرقي (الكالا - دومب ص54، بوشر بربرية) ومع ذلك فان دوماس (حياة العرب ص435) يذكر هذه الكلمة بمعنى شمال.
وسماوي: ريح الشمال (هلو) والشمال الغربي (باربيبه، ولابورت ص34).
سمائي: لازوردي بلون السماء (ابن العوام 2: 266).
سماني: عظلم، وسمة، واسمه العلمي: isatis Tinctoria ( ابن البيطار 2: 465 ابن العوام 2: 103، 128، 307 وعليك ان تقرأ فيه سمائي) والصبغ السمائي: المادة الملونة التي تستخرج من العظلم (المقري 1: 91). سام. الامر السامي (محيط المحيط) والحضرة السامية: سمْو وهو لقب تشريف (بوشر).
سامِيَة: الحرير النباتي في السودان الذي يستخرج من شجرة كبيرة يسمى سامية مؤنث سام أي عال مرتفع (براكس ص18).
سَامية: القميص الثاني الذي يلبسه الطوارق وهم يرتدون ثلاثة قمصان، وهو قميص مخطط بخطوط عريضة لونها ازرق فاتح ومطرز بحرير من نفس اللون (مجلة الشرق والجزائر السلسلة الجديدة 10: 583، كاريت جغرافية ص109، جاكو ص207).
اِسْم. على اسمك: لك خاصة فيما يظهر. ففي الفخري (ص361): يقول: لأجل من السواد أن زوجتي قد خبزت لك هذا الخبز على اسمك.
اِسْم، طلع له اسم: اكتسب صيتاً وشهرة (بوشر).
اسم. الجمع أسماء تعني كلمات سحرية. ففي ألف ليلة (2: 116): وعليها أسماء وطلاسم كدبيب النمل (2: 23ب، 3: 216، 453، 573) والمعنى الحقيقي: أسماء الله (3: 560) محفورة على خاتم سليمان (ص545، 2: 551، 634) ويقول نيبور (في بلاد العرب ص115): اسم الله (والصواب أسماء الله) علم سحري والذين يتقنونه يعرفون بواسطة الجن الذين في خدمتهم ما يجري في البلاد النائية، ولهم قدرة على الزمان والرياح، ويشفون المرضى بطريقة عجيبة إلى غير ذلك.
أسماء الله الحَسَنة: أسماء الله الحسنى مثل القادر والقدير والرحمن والرحيم وغير ذلك (بوشر).
اسم مِبْني: ظرف الزمان أو المكان، واسم غير قابل للتصرف (بوشر).
اسم الصَّليب عند النصارى: يا رب يا ربي العظيم (بوشر) اسم ضمير الملك: ضمير التملك مثل كتابي وكتابك (بوشر).
اسم علم: اسم خاص (بوشر).
اسم عيرة: اسم يستعمل في الحرب ويتلقب به (بوشر).
اسم منعوت أو موصوف: اسم (بوشر).
اسم يَسوع عند النصارى: يا رب! يا ربي العظيم! (بوشر).
بسم الله: أجل، نعم، بطيب خاطر، على الرأس والعين، سمعاً وطاعة (بوشر).
موصول اسمي: حرف العطف، عاطف، حرف العطف (بوشر).
اِسْمية: صيت، شهرة (الكالا).
أسْماوى: سماوي، لازوردي (دومب ص107، هلو).
مُسْمى: شهير، ذو صيت (الكالا).
مسمى عليه: شيء قرئ عليه بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم لحمايته من الجان (لين عادات 1: 340) مُسَمىَّ: اسم ففي تاريخ البربر (2: 152) كان مسمَّى الحجابة عندهم قهرمة الدار والنظر في الدخل والخرج (قهرمة في مخطوطة 1350) وفي كتاب الخطيب (ص102 ق) في كلامه عن مدينة أقسَمَ أن يُذهب اسمها ومسمَّاها.

سمو

1 سَمَا, (S, M, Msb, K,) first Pers\. سَمَوْتُ, like عَلَوْتُ, (S,) aor. ـْ (Msb, TA,) inf. n. سُمُوٌّ; (S, M, K;) and سَمِىَ, first Pers\. سَمِيتُ, (Th, S, TA,) like عَلِيتُ; (S;) He, (a man, Th, S,) or it, (a thing, M,) was, or became, high, lofty, raised, upraised, uplifted, upreared, exalted, or elevated; it rose, or rose high: (S, M, Msb, K:) and ↓ تسامى signifies the same. (MA. [See also 5.]) b2: سَمَالِىَ الشَّىْءُ The thing became raised from afar so that I plainly distinguished it: (K:) or, as in the S, سَمَا لِىَ الشَّخْصُ the form, or figure, seen from a distance, rose, or became raised, to me [i. e. to my view] so that I plainly distinguished it. (TA.) b3: سَمَا الهِلَالُ The moon near the change rose مُرْتَفِعًا [app. meaning upreared, not decumbent: see أَدْفَقُ]. (TA.) b4: [سَمَا لَهُ or نَحْوَهُ He rose, and betook himself, to, or towards, him, or it. Hence,] مَاسَمَوْتُ لَكُمْ I will not [or (unless the phrase be an apodosis) I did not] rise and hasten to fight you. (TA.) b5: سَمَا بَصَرَهُ His sight, or eye, rose, or became raised. (S, TA.) [And سَمَاطَرْفُهُ lit. signifies the same; but means (assumed tropical:) His look was lofty; or he was proud: see سَامٍ, below.] b6: سَمَا is also said of him who is termed حَسِيبٌ and شَرِيفٌ [i. e. it signifies He was, or became, noble; or high, or exalted, in rank]. (TA.) b7: سَمَتة هِمَّتُهُ إِلَى مَعَالِى الأُمْورِ [His ambition soared, or aspired, to high things, or the means of attaining eminence;] he sought glory, or might, and eminence. (Msb, TA.) b8: سَمَابِى شَوْقَ بَعْدَ أَنْ كَانَ أَقْصَرَ [A yearning, or longing, of the soul arose in me after it had ceased]. (TA.) b9: هُمْ يَسْمُونَ عَلَى المِائَةِ They exceed [or are above] the number of a hundred. (TA.) b10: سَمَوْا, (S, K, TA,) and ↓ استموا, (S,) They went forth to pursue the animals of the chase (S, K, TA) in their deserts: (TA:) [or] one says of the hunter, or sportsman, يَسْمُو الوَحْشَ, and ↓ يَسْتَمِيهَا, meaning he sees, or looks to see, (يَتَعَيَّنُ,) the coming forth of the wild animals, and pursues them. (M. [See also 8 below.]) b11: سَمَا الفَحْلُ, inf. n. سَمَاوَةٌ, The stallion sprang, or rushed, upon, (S,) or he overbore, (S, * M, K,) his she-camels that had passed seven or eight months since the period of their bringing forth. (S, M, K.) A2: سَمَابِهِ: see 4.

A3: See also 2.2 سمّاهُ فُلَانًا and بِفُلَانٍ, (S, M, Msb, K,) accord. to Sb originally with ب, but Lh says that the former is that which is usual, (M,) [inf. n. تَسْمِيَةٌ,] and in like manner ↓ اسماهُ, (S,) i. e. اسماهُ فُلَانًا and بِفُلَانٍ, (M, K,) and accord. to Th, فُلَانًا ↓ سَمَاهُ and بِفُلَانٍ, (K, [in the correct copies of which the form of the verb first mentioned is without teshdeed, while in the CK the first and last are both alike with teshdeed, or, as is said in the M, Th has mentioned سَمَوْتُهُ, but none other has mentioned it,]) He named him, or called him, Such a one; (S, M, Msb, K;) as Zeyd; i. e., he made Zeyd to be his name, his proper name. (Msb.) b2: [One says also, سمّى اللّٰهَ عَلَى شَىْءٍ, or simply سمّى عَلَيْهِ, which is the more common, meaning He pronounced the name of God, saying بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ (In the name of God), upon, or over, a thing; such as food, and an animal about to be slaughtered.] The Prophet said, سَمُّوا وَسَمِّتُوا وَدَنُّوا, [cited, with some variations, and expl., in arts.

دنو and سمت,] meaning سَمُّوا اللّٰهَ [Pronounce ye the name of God, &c.]; i. e. whenever ye eat, [before ye begin to do so, accord. to the general custom, or] between two mouthfuls. (M.) 3 ساماهُ, (S, M, K, TA,) inf. n. مُسَامَاةٌ, (TA,) He vied, competed, or contended for superiority, in highness, loftiness, or eminence, or in glory, or excellence, [or in an absolute sense,] with him; syn. عَالَاهُ, (M,) or فَاخَرَهُ, and بَارَاهُ. (K.) It is said in the trad. respecting the lie [against 'Áïsheh], لَمْ تَكُنِ امْرَأَةٌ تُسَامِيهَا غَيْرُ زَيْنَبَ, meaning There was not any woman that vied with her in eminence (تُفَاخِرُهَا and تُعَالِيهَا) except Zeyneb; المُسَامَاةُ meaning المُطَاوَلَةُ فِى الحُِظْوَةِ. (TA.) and one says, فُلَانٌ لَا يُسَامَى وَقَدْ عَلَا مَنْ سَامَاهُ [Such a one will not be vied with in highness, &c.: and he has overcome him who vied with him, &c.]. (S.) And إِنَّ أَمَامِى مَا لَا أُسَامِى, said when one fears an affair, or event, before him; on the authority of IAar; meaning [Verily before me is an affair, or event,] with which I cannot vie. (M.) A poet cited by Th says, بَاتَ ابْنُ أَدْمَآءَ يُسَامِى الأَنْدَرَا سَامَى طَعَامَ الحَىِّ حَتَّى نَوَّرَا and he says that سَامَى means اِرْتَفَعَ, and صَعِدَ; but [it seems that the verse should be rendered, Ibn-Admà passed the night aspiring to reach the heap of reaped wheat: he aspired to attain the wheat of the tribe until it attained to maturity: for ISd says,] in my opinion he means, as the seed-produce rose by growth, he rose to it, until it attained to maturity, when he reaped it and stole it: and he cites also the saying, فَارْفَعْ يَدَيْكَ ثُمَّ سَامِ الحَنْجَرَا [And raise thy hands, then endeavour to reach the windpipe]; explaining سَامِ الحَنْجَرَ as meaning raise thy hands to his حَلْق [or throat, properly, fauces]. (M.) 4 اسماهُ He raised, upraised, uplifted, upreared, exalted, or elevated, him, or it; as also بِهِ ↓ سَمَا [lit. he rose, &c., with him, or it]. (M, K.) b2: أَسْمَيْتُهُ مِنْ بَلَدٍ I made him to go up, or away, from a town, or country. (TA.) b3: اسمانا, (TA,) or ↓ اِسْتَمَانَا, (M,) He, or it, incited us to hunt, or chase: so says Th. (M, TA.) A2: Also He looked at, or towards, his, or its سَمَاوَة [expl. immediately before the mention of this phrase in the M as meaning the form, or figure, seen from a distance, and the aspect, of anything]. (M, TA.) A3: And اسمى He (a man) took the direction of, (S,) or came to, (M,) Es-Semáweh (السَّمَاوَة, S, M) a certain water in the desert (البَادِيَة, M) or a place between El-Koofeh and Syria, (K,) a well-known desert. (TA.) A4: See also 2.5 تسمّى [expl. by Golius, first, as meaning Altus fuit, eminuit; like سَمَا; but for this he names no authority, and I find none for it.

A2: ] He named himself. (KL.) b2: تسمّى بِزَيْدٍ He was named Zeyd: (S, * M, * Msb, K: *) تسمّى

بِكَذَا means Such a thing became his name: it is quasi-pass. of سَمَّاهُ and أَسْمَاهُ. (TA.) b3: and تسمّى بِبَنِى فُلَانٍ, (M,) or بِالقَوْمِ, (K,) and إِلَيْهِمْ, (M, K,) He asserted his relationship to the sons of such a one [by the assumption of a name of relationship to them], or to the people. (M, K.) 6 تَسَاْمَوَ see 1, first sentence. b2: تَسَامَوْا عَلَى الخَيْلِ They mounted upon the horses. (TA.) b3: and تساموا They vied, competed, or contended for superiority, [in highness, loftiness, or eminence, or in glory, or excellence, or in an absolute sense, (see 3,)] one with another. (S, K.) A2: and تساموا signifies also They called one another by their names. (TA.) 8 استمى He (a hunter, or sportsman, [الصّاعِدُ in the CK being a mistranscription for الصَّائِدُ,]) attired himself with the socks, or stockings, called مِسْمَاة, (M, K, TA,) to protect himself from the heat of the burning ground, (TA,) for the hunting of gazelles, in the time of heat. (M.) and (M, in the K “ or ”) استماهُ He asked of him the loan of the socks, or stockings, above named, for that purpose, (M, K, *) i. e. for the hunting of gazelles at midday. (TA.) And استمى, (M, CK,) or استمى الظِّبَآءَ, (so in some copies of the K and in the TA,) He sought, or pursued, the gazelles in their caves, or hiding-places, (فَى غِيرَانِهَا, M, and so in copies of the K, by the غِيرَان being meant the كُنُس, M,) or in what was not their time, or season, (فِى غَيْرِ انِهَا, thus in some copies of the K,) at the auroral rising of Canopus (سُهَيْل [which rose aurorally, in Central Arabia, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, on the 4th of August, O. S.]): (M, K:) so says IAar. (M.) [Freytag says, on the authority of scholia to the Deewán of Jereer, as follows: In the time of the greatest heat, they drive out a wild animal repeatedly from its hiding-place, permitting it to return thither at night, when, thus disturbed, it does not issue from its place; in order that they may be able to strike it.] b2: And He hunted, or chased, wild animals. (M.) b3: See also 1, latter part, in two places. b4: and see 4.

A2: اِسْتَمَيْتُهُ also signifies I made him the object of a visit: or I perceived in him good, or goodness, by a right opinion formed from its outward signs. (K.) b2: And استماهُ He chose it, took it in preference, or selected it. (IAar, L voce اِقْتَرَحَ.) b3: And IAar mentions the saying, البَكْرَةُ مِنَ الإِبِلِ تُسْتَمَى بَعْدَ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً أَوْبَعْدَ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ, as meaning [The youthful she-camel] is tested for the purpose of discovering whether or not she be pregnant [after fourteen nights or after one and twenty]: but Th disallows this, and says that the word is تُسْتَمْنَى, from المُنْيَةُ, which means “ the period by the end of which one knows whether or not the she-camel is pregnant. ” (M.) 10 استسمى [or استسمى فُلَانًا, the word فلانا having app. been inadvertently omitted by a copyist,] He asked, or demanded, his [or such a one's] name. (TA.) سِمٌ and سُمٌ and سَمٌ: see اِسْمٌ, in three places, near the beginning of the paragraph; and in four places near the end of the same.

سَمًا: see سَمَآءٌ: A2: and see also اِسْمٌ, near the beginning of the paragraph.

سُمًا and سِمًا: see اِسْمٌ, in two places, near the beginning of the paragraph; and in the last sentence but one of the same.

سَمَآءٌ The higher, or upper, or highest, or uppermost, part of anything: [in this sense] masc. (M.) b2: [In its predominant acceptation,] a word of well-known meaning; (K, TA;) i. e. (TA) [The sky, or heaven;] the canopy of the earth: (M, Msb, TA:) in this sense (M, Msb) masc. and fem.; (IAmb, S, M, Msb, K; *) sometimes fem.; (M;) rarely so, and thus as having the next but one of the significations here following: (Fr, Msb:) Az says that it is fem. because it is pl. [or coll. gen. n.] of سَمَآءَةٌ: (TA:) or it is as though it were pl. of ↓ سَمَاوَةٌ, [or rather its coll. gen. n.,] like as سَحَابٌ is of سَحَابَةٌ: (Msb, TA:) Er-Rághib says that the سَمَآء as opposed to the أَرْض is fem., and sometimes masc.; and is used as a sing. and as a pl.; as the latter in the Kur ii. 27 [where it is shown to apply to seven heavens]; and that it is like نَخْلٌ and شَجَرٌ and other [coll.] gen. ns.: (TA:) in this sense (M) the pl. is أَسْمِيَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.] (S, M, K) and سُمِىٌّ, (M, K,) the latter [originally سُمُوىٌ] of the measure فُعُولٌ, and both [also] pls. of سَمَآءٌ in another sense, mentioned in what follows, (TA,) and سَمَاوَاتٌ or سَمٰوَاتٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) and accord. to the K, [in which all of these are mentioned as though pls. of سَمَآءٌ in all its senses,] ↓ سَمًا, [in the CK سُمًا,] but in the M سَمَآءٌ [like the sing., as mentioned above], where it is said that it must be a pl. in the Kur ii. 27 for the reason already stated, as though pl. of سَمَآءَةٌ or سَمَاوَةٌ; (TA;) and a poet assigns to سَمَآءٌ the anomalous pl. سَمَآءٍ, by his saying, سَمَآءُ الْإِلٰهِ فَوْقَ سَبْعِ سَمَآئِيَا [The heaven of God, above seven heavens]: (S, M:) the dim. is ↓ سُمّيَّةٌ. (Ham p. 452.) b3: and Any canopy, or covering over-head, of a person. (S, Msb, * TA.) b4: And hence, (S, TA,) The ceiling, or roof, (S, Msb, K, TA,) of a house, or chamber, or tent, (S, K, TA,) and of anything; (K, TA;) in this sense masc.; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ سَمَاوَةٌ also has this meaning. (S.) b5: And The رِوَاق, (M, K,) i. e. the شُقَّة [or oblong piece of cloth] that is beneath the upper, or uppermost, شُقَّةٌ, (M,) of a بَيْت [or tent]; (M, K;) in which sense it is fem., and sometimes masc.; (M;) as also ↓ سَمَاوَةٌ; (M, K;) [and so, app., ↓ سِمَايَةٌ; for] one says, أَصْلَحَ سِمَايَتَهُ, with kesr, [He repaired his سماية,] meaning, his سَمَاوَة. (TA.) b6: And The clouds; (Zj, K;) because of their height: (Zj, TA:) or a cloud. (Msb.) b7: and Rain; (S, M, Msb, K;) because it comes forth from the سَمَآء [i. e. sky or clouds]: (TA:) or a good rain (مَطْرَةٌ جَيِّدَةٌ): (K, TA:) or a new rain (مَطْرَةٌ جَدِيدَةٌ): (T, TA:) or, as some say, rain that has not fallen upon the earth; so called in consideration of what has been said above [of its meaning the “ clouds ” &c.]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [but] one says, مَا زِلْنَا نَطَأُ السَّمَآءَ حَتَّى

أَتَيْنَاكُمْ [We ceased not to tread upon the rain until we came to you]: (S, TA:) applied to rain, it is masc., and fem. also because of its connexion with the سَمَآء that canopies the earth; (M;) or it is fem., as meaning سَحَابَةٌ: (Msb:) the pl. [of mult.] is سُمِىٌّ (S, M, Msb, TA) and [of pauc.]

أَسْمِيَةٌ. (S, TA.) بَنُو مَآءِ السَّمَآءِ is an appellation of The Arabs; [signifying the sons of the water of the heaven;] because of their keeping much to the deserts which are the places of the falling of rain [by means of which they subsist]: or by مَآء السمآء is meant Zemzem, which God made to well forth for the Arabs, who are therefore like the sons thereof. (TA.) b8: [Hence, app., as being likened to rain by reason of the swiftness of his running,] a certain horse, (M, K,) belonging to Sakhr the brother of El-Khansà, (M,) was named السَّمَآءُ. (M, K.) b9: [Hence, likewise, as being likened to rain, (assumed tropical:) Bounty.] One says, أَصَابَنِى بِرَشْحَةٍ مِنْ سَمَائِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He gave me a gift from his store of bounty]. (A in art. رشح.) b10: Also (assumed tropical:) Herbage; because produced by the rain, which is thus called. (TA.) b11: And The back of a horse; (S, Msb, K;) because of its height: coupled with [its opposite] أَرْضٌ [q. v.]. (S, TA.) b12: And of a sandal, [in like manner opposed to أَرْضٌ,] The upper part [of the sole, i. e. the upper surface thereof], upon which the foot is placed. (M.) A2: See also سَمَاوَةٌ.

سَمَاوٌ: see سَمَاوَةٌ.

سَمِىٌّ: see سَامٍ, in two places. b2: [Also] A competitor, or contender for superiority, in highness, loftiness, or eminence, or in glory, or excel-lence; i. q. ↓ مُسَامٍ, (S, TA,) and مُطَاوِلٌ: (TA:) thus the word, in the accus. case, is said to signify in the Kur xix. 66: (S, TA:) or it there has the meaning here next following. (S, M, TA.) b3: A like, or an equal: (S, M, K TA:) and this meaning the word, in the accus. case, is said by some to have in the Kur xix. 8: or in this instance it has the meaning here following. (M, TA.) b4: A namesake of another. (S, M, K, TA.) b5: The fem. is سَمِيَّةٌ. (M, TA.) سُمَىٌّ dim. of اِسْمٌ, q. v.

سُمَيَّةٌ dim. of سَمَآءٌ, q. v.

سِمَوِىٌّ and سُمَوِىٌّ: see اِسْمِىُّ.

سَمَاوَةٌ: see سَمَآءٌ, in three places. b2: Also The form, or figure, seen from a distance, (S, M, K, TA,) [or] such as is high, or elevated, (TA,) of anything; (S, M, K, TA;) and the aspect thereof: pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ سَمَآءٌ and ↓ سَمَاوٌ; the latter mentioned by Ks. (M, TA.) El-'Ajjáj says, سَمَآوَةُ الهِلَالِ حَتَّى احْقَوْقَفَا [The form, &c., of the moon when near the change, until it became curved]. (S.) سِمَايَةٌ: see سَمَآءٌ, in the middle of the paragraph.

سَمَآئِىٌّ and سَمَاوِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the sky or heaven; heavenly; celestial;] rel. ns. from سَمَآءٌ. (Msb, TA.) سَامٍ [High, or lofty; as also ↓ سَمِىٌّ: pl. of the former سَوَامٍ; applied to women as pl. of سَامِيَةٌ, whence the phrase سَوَامِى الطَّرْفِ in a verse cited voce بُضْعٌ; and to irrational animals, as in an instance here following]. One says القُرُومُ السَّوَامِى

The stallions [meaning the stallion-camels high in their heads, or] raising their heads high. (S, TA.) And سَامِيَاتٌ, [pl. of سَامِيَةٌ,] applied to camels, That raise, or raise high, their eyes and their heads. (Ham p. 791.) And رَدَدْتُ مِنْ سَامِى

طَرْفِهِ [app. an elliptical phrase, نَخْوَتَهُ (which is expressed in the explanation) or a similar word being understood; i. e. (assumed tropical:) I repelled the pride, or haughtiness, of him who was lofty in look;] meaning I contracted to him [or to the lofty in look] his soul, and annulled his pride, or haughtiness. (S, TA.) And الأَنْفِ ↓ سَمِىُّ [lit. Highnosed] means (assumed tropical:) disdainful, or scornful. (T and K in art. انف.) b2: [Also act. part. n. of 1 in all its senses. b3: And hence,] سُمَاةٌ, (S, M, K,) of which it is the sing., (M,) signifies Hunters (S, M, K) going forth to the chase: (K:) an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates: or, as some say, hunters in the day-time, peculiarly: or hunters wearing the socks, or stockings, called مِسْمَاة. (M.) اِسْمٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) with the conjunctive ا, [i. e. written اسْمٌ,] but this is made disjunctive by poetic license [as well as when the word commences a sentence], (S,) usually with kesr [when the | is disjunctive], (Lh, M, TA,) and اُسْمٌ, (S, M, K,) of the dial. of Benoo-'Amr-Ibn-Temeem and of Kudá'ah, (M, TA,) mentioned by IAar, (TA,) and ↓ سِمٌ and ↓ سُمٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ سَمٌ, (K,) and ↓ سُمًا (M, K) and ↓ سِمًا and ↓ سَمًا, (K,) [The name of a thing; i. e.] a sign [such as may be uttered or written] conveying knowledge of a thing; syn. عَلَامَةٌ: and a word applied to denote a substance or an accident or attribute, for the purpose of distinction: (M, K:) [or a substantive in the proper sense of this term, i. e. a real substantive; and a substance in a tropical sense of this term, i. e. an ideal substantive:] as expl. by El-Munáwee, in the “ Towkeef,” the اسم is that which denotes a meaning in itself unconnected with any of the three times [past and present and future]: if denoting what subsists by itself, it is termed اِسْمُ عَيْنٍ; and if denoting what does not subsist by itself, [i. e. an accident or attribute,] whether existent, as العِلْمُ [i. e. knowledge], or non-existent, as الجَهْلُ [i. e. ignorance], it is termed اِسْمُ مَعْنًى: (TA:) the pl. is أَسْمَآءٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and أَسْمَاوَاتٌ, (S, M, K,) the latter said by Lh to be a pl. of اِسْمٌ, but it is rather a pl. of أَسْمَآءٌ, for otherwise there is no way of accounting for it, (M,) and أَسَامٍ (S, M, K) and أَسَامِىُّ (M, K) are [likewise] pls. of أَسْمَآءٌ: (K, * TA:) the word اسْمٌ [i. e. اِسْمٌ or اُسْمٌ] is derived from سَمَوْتُ, (S, TA,) or from السُّمُوُّ, (Msb, Er-Rághib, TA,) because the اسم is a means of raising into notice the thing denoted thereby, and making it known: (S, * Er-Rághib, TA:) it is of the measure اِفْعٌ [or اُفْعٌ, accord. to different dialects], the last radical, و, being wanting in it, (S, Msb, TA,) and the hemzeh [or rather |] being prefixed by way of compensation for it, accord to a general rule; (Msb, TA;) for it is originally سِمْوٌ (S, Msb, Er-Rághib, TA) or سُمْوٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) its pl. being أَسْمَآءٌ, and its dim. being ↓ سُمَىٌّ [originally سَمَيْوٌ]: (S, Msb, Er-Rághib, * TA:) some of the Koofees hold that it is from الوَسْمُ, meaning العَلَامَةُ, the و, which is the primal radical, being rejected, and the hemzeh [or |] being substituted for it, so that its measure is اِعْلٌ [or اُعْلٌ]; but this is a weak opinion, for, were it so, the dim. would be وَسَيْمٌ and the pl. would be أَوْسَامٌ. (Msb, TA.) One says, اِسْمُ هٰذَا كَذَا [The name of this is thus, or such a word]; and if you will you may say, اُسْمُ هٰذا كذا; and in like manner, ↓ سِمُهُ and ↓ سُمُهُ: Lh says that اِسْمُهُ فُلَانٌ [His name is Such a one] is the [common] phrase of the Arabs; and he mentions اُسْمُهُ فُلَانٌ as heard from [the tribe of] Benoo-'Amr-Ibn-Temeem: and Ks cites, as heard from some of [the tribe of] Benoo-Kudá'ah, the saying, ↓ بِاسْمِ الَّذِى فِى كُلِّ سُورَةٍ سُمُهْ [In the name of Him whose name is in every chapter of the Kur-án], and ↓ سِمُهْ as heard from others, not of Kudá'ah. (M.) سِرْ عَلَى اسْمِ اللّٰهِ is an elliptical phrase [for سِرْ مُعْتَمِدًا عَلَى ذِكْرِ اسْمِ اللّٰهِ Journey thou relying upon the mention of the name of God]. (IJ, M in art. دل: see دَلِيلٌ.) b2: [Hence,] اسْمٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) Fame, renown, report, or reputation, of a person: (TA:) and so ↓ سُمًا, in relation to good, (K, TA,) not to evil; mentioned by Az. (TA.) One says, ذَهَبَ اسْمُهُ فِى النَّاسِ, i. e. His fame &c. [went, or spread, among mankind, or the people]. (TA.) اِسْمِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, a name or noun or substantive;] rel. n. from اِسْمٌ; as also ↓ سِمَوِىٌّ and ↓ سُمَوِىٌّ. (S, TA.) [Hence, جُمْلَةٌ اسْمِيَّةٌ A nominal proposition or phrase; as distinguished from فِعْليَّةٌ, or verbal.]

اِسْمِيَّةٌ The quality of a name or noun or substantive.]

مِسْمَاةٌ The socks, or stockings, worn by a hunter, (M, K, TA,) to protect him from the heat of the burning ground. (TA.) مُسَمًّى [Named]. b2: [Hence,] one says, هُوَ مِنْ مُسَمَّى قَوْمِهِ and مُسَمَّاتِهِمْ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He is of the best of his people or party. (TA.) مُسَامٍ: see سَمِىٌّ.

جهر

1 جَهَرَ, (A, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. جَهْرٌ and جِهَارٌ, (Er-Rághib, TA,) It (a thing, A, Msb) was, or became, plain, apparent, conspicuous, open, or public; syn. ظَهَرَ, (A, Msb,) and بَدَا, (TA,) and عَلَنَ: (K:) or the radical signification is, it (a thing) was, or became, exceedingly plain to be perceived, either by the sense of sight or by that of hearing. (Er-Rághib, TA.) [Accord. to some, when relating to what is visible, it is tropical; and when relating to what is audible, proper: but if so, it seems to be so much used in the former sense as to be, in that sense, conventionally regarded as proper. See also جَهْرَةٌ.]

A2: جَهُرَ, aor. ـُ [inf. n., app., جَهَارَةٌ and جُهُورَةٌ,] He (a man, TA) was, or became, great, or bulky, (K, TA,) [and therefore a conspicuous object,] before the eyes of the beholder. (TA.) [And He was, or became, pleasing, or goodly, in aspect: see جَهَارَةٌ, below.] b2: Also, (A, Msb, K,) inf. n. جَهَارَةٌ, (A, Msb,) It (the voice) rose [so as to be plainly heard]; was, or became, high, or loud. (A, Msb, * K.) b3: Also, (S,) inf. n. جَهَارَةٌ, (TA,) He, (a man) was, or became, high, or loud, of voice. (S, TA.) A3: جِبِر aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. جَهَرٌ, (S, Msb,) He (a man) was unable to see in the sun. (S, Msb, TA.) And in like manner said of the eye. (K.) A4: جَهَرَهُ, (Msb, TA,) inf. n. جَهْرٌ; (TA;) and جَهَرَ بِهِ; (A, Msb;) and ↓ اجهرهُ, (A, Msb, TA,) [and بِهِ ↓ اجهر;] and ↓ جَهْوَرَهُ; (TA;) He made it plain, apparent, conspicuous, open, or public. (A, Msb, TA.) b2: جَهَرَ الكَلَامَ, and جَهَرَبِهِ; (K;) and ↓ اجهرهُ, inf. n. إِجْهَارٌ; (S;) and بِهِ ↓ اجهر; (K;) and ↓ جَهْوَرَ; (TA;) and جَهَرَ بِالقَوْلِ, and بِدُعَائِهِ, and بِصَلَاتِهِ, (TA,) and بِقِرَآءَتِهِ, (Sgh, Msb, TA,) aor. ـَ inf. n. جَهْرٌ and جِهَارٌ; (TA;) and بقرءآته ↓ اجهر; (Sgh, Msb, TA;) He uttered the speech, and the saying, and his supplication, and his prayer, and his recitation, with a plain, or an open, voice; openly; publicly: (S, Msb, K, TA:) or جَهَرَ بِكَلَامِهِ, (A,) and بِالقَوْلِ, and ↓ جَهْوَرَ; (S;) and بِقِرَآءَتِهِ; (A;) he uttered his speech, and the saying, and his recitation, with a raised, or loud, voice; aloud: (S, A:) and جَهَرَ الصَّوْتَ he raised the voice [so as to make it plainly heard]. (K.) b3: جَهَرَ بِالمَعَاصِى, and ↓ اجهر, and ↓ جاهر, he made known the acts of disobedience that he had committed, by talking of them: he who does so is termed بِالمُعَاصِى ↓ مُجَاهِرٌ, and simply مُجَاهِرٌ. (TA.) And مَا فِى صَدْرِهِ ↓ اجهر He revealed what was in his bosom. (A.) and الحَدِيثَ بَعْدَ مَا هَيْنَمَهُ ↓ جَهْوَرَ He revealed the story after he had concealed it. (A.) And ↓ اجهر الأَمْرَ He made the case, or affair, notorious. (TA.) b4: Also جَهَرَهُ He discovered it (K, TA) ocularly. (TA.) b5: He saw him (a man) without any veil (K, TA) intervening; (TA;) as also ↓ اجتهرهُ: (K:) or he looked towards him, or regarded him. (K.) You say, مَا فِى الحَىِّ أَحَدٌ تَجْهَرَهُ عَيْنِى There is not in the tribe any one whom my eye regards as worthy of notice or respect by reason of his greatness therein; syn. تَأْخُذُهُ. (TA.) And القَوْمُ فُلَانًا ↓ اجتهر The people looked towards such a one without any veil intervening between them and him. (TA.) b6: He treated him, or regarded him, with reverence, veneration, respect, or honour: (K:) or (TA) he regarded him as great in his eyes: (K, TA:) he saw him to be great in aspect, or appearance; (S;) as also ↓ اجتهرهُ (S, K) and ↓ استجرهُ: (A:) he was pleased with his beauty, and his form, or appearance, or state of apparel or the like; as also ↓ اجتهرهُ: (Lh, * K:) or he pleased him by his beauty and form or appearance &c.: (A:) or it pleased him by its beauty; as also ↓ اجتهرهُ. (TA.) b7: He saw it (an army, S, A, K, and a people, TA) to be numerous in his eyes; as also ↓ اجتهرهُ. (S A, K.) A5: جَهَرَ البِئْرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. جَهْرٌ, (TA,) He cleared out the well, (S, K,) and took forth from it the black fetid mud that it contained; as also ↓ اجترها: (S:) or both signify he entirely, or nearly, exhausted the well of its water: (K:) or the former, he reached the water of the well, (K, TA,) in digging: or so جَهَرَ alone: (TA:) and accord. to Akh, جَهَرْتُ الرَّكِيَّةَ signifies I cleared out the mud that the water covered in the well, so that the water appeared and became clear. (S.) 'Áïsheh said, describing her father, دُفُنَ الرَّوَآءِ ↓ اجتهر, lit., He cleared out the filled-up wells of abundant water so as to make the water well forth; alluding to his rectifying affairs that had become disordered. (TA from a trad.) A6: جَهَرْنَاهُمْ We came to them in the morning, at the time called الصَّبَاح, (S, A, K, TA,) when they were inadvertent. (S, K, TA.) b2: جَهَرَ الأَرْضَ He traversed the land (S, K) without knowledge. (S.) A7: جَهَرَ السِّقَآءَ He shook the milk-skin to make butter, (Fr, S, K,) and took forth its butter. (Fr, TA.) A8: جَهَرَتِ الشَّمْسُ المُسَافِرَ The sun dazzled the eye, and confused the sight, of the traveller; syn. أَسْدَرَتْ عَيْنَهُ. (K.) 3 جاهر: see 1. b2: [Its inf. n.] مُجَاهَرَةٌ signifies The fighting [with any one] face to face: and the showing open enmity, or hostility, with any one: and the reading, or reciting, a thing aloud: and the speaking loudly. (KL.) You say, جاهر بِالعَدَاوَةِ, (Msb,) inf. n. مُجَاهَرَةٌ (S, Msb) and جِهَارٌ, (Msb,) He showed open enmity or hostility, with another. (S, * Msb.) And جَاهَرْتُهُمْ بِالأَمْرِ I acted openly with them in the affair, or case; syn. عَالَنْتُهُمْ بِهِ. (JK.) [And جاهرهُ He treated him openly with enmity &c.] b3: جَاهَرَهُمْ بِالأَمْرِ, (TA,) inf. n. مُجَاهَرَةٌ and جِهَارٌ, (K,) [is explained as signifying] He vied with them, or strove to overcome or surpass them, in the affair, or case. (K, * TA.) [But غالبهم, in the TA, and المُغَالَبَةُ, in the K, are here evidently mistranscriptions for عَالَنَهُمْ and المُعَالَنَةُ.]4 أَجْهَرَ see 1, in eight places. b2: اجهر also signifies He begat sons goodly in stature (IAar, K) and in aspect, (IAar, TA,) or in cheeks: (K:) or, a squint-eyed son. (IAar, K.) 6 تَجَاْهَرَ [تَجَاهُرٌ signifies The showing oneself openly: and acting openly, or being open in one's conduct or converse, with others. You say,] تَجَاهَرُوا بِالعَدَاوَةِ They showed open enmity, or hostility, one with another; syn. تَبَادَوْابِهَا. (S in art. بدو.) A2: [and تجاهر He feigned himself unable to see in the sun: see the part. n., below.]8 إِجْتَهَرَ see 1, in eight places.10 استجهرهُ: see 1. b2: Also He took it forth. (TA from a trad.) Q. Q. 1 جَهْوَرَ: see 1, in four places.

جَهْرًا: see جَهْرَةٌ, in two places.

جُهْرٌ: see جَهَارَةٌ, in six places.

جَهِرٌ: see جَهِيرٌ, in two places.

جَهْرَةٌ A thing that is plain, apparent, conspicuous, open, or public. (K.) You say, رَآهُ جَهْرَةً (S, A, &c.) He saw him, or it, [plainly,] without the intervention of any veil: (TA:) and ↓ رآه جِهَارًا [signifies the same: or] he saw him, or it, with exceeding plainness: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or the former signifies he saw him, or it, with his eyes, ocularly, or before his eyes, (S, A, Bd in ii. 52, Msb,) without anything intervening: (S:) so in the Kur. [ii. 52], حَتَّى نَرَى اللّٰهَ جَهْرَةً: (S, Bd:) and [some say that] جَهْرَةً is here originally an inf. n. of جَهَرْتُ in جَهَرْتُ بِالقِرَآءَةِ, [like ↓ جَهْرًا,] and metaphorically used in the sense of مُعَايَنَةً: it is in the accus. case as an inf. n.: or it is thus used as a denotative of state relating to the agent or the object: and some read ↓ جَهَرَةً, as an inf. n. like غَلَبَة, or as pl. of جَاهِرٌ, and as such it is a denotative of state: (Bd:) or جَهْرَةً is here from جَهَرْتُ الرَّكِيَّةَ: (Akh, S:) accord. to Ibn-' Arafeh, it here signifies unconcealed from us: (TA:) and in the Kur. iv. 152, ocularly; not concealed from us by anything. (K, * TA.) b2: You say also, كَلَّمَهُ جَهْرَةً

[and ↓ جَهْرًا He spoke to him plainly, with an open voice, aloud, or publicly]. (S, TA.) b3: and ↓ لَقِيَهُ نَهَارًا جِهَارًا and ↓ جَهَارًا [He met him in the daytime, openly, or publicly]. (K.) جُهْرَةٌ [A blaze covering the face of a horse: or the quality of having such a blaze:] a subst. from

أَجْهَرُ applied to a horse. (TA.) b2: A cast in the eye. (AA, TA. [See also أَجْهَرُ.]) جَهَرَةً: see جَهْرَةٌ.

جَهَارًا and جِهَارًا: see جَهْرَةٌ, in three places.

جَهْوَرٌ: see جَهِيرٌ. b2: Also, and ↓ مُجْتَهَرٌ, An army seen to be numerous. (A.) b3: And the former, Bold; daring: in the K, erroneously, ↓ جَوْهَرٌ. (TA.) جَهِيرٌ (in the TA, here, ↓ جَهِرٌ, but in another place, جَهِيرٌ,) High, loud, or vehement, speech; (Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ مُجْهَرٌ and ↓ جَهْوَرِىٌّ: (K:) and so applied to the voice; (Msb, TA;) as also ↓ جَهْوَرِىٌّ. (A, TA.) Also, and ↓ مُجْهَرٌ (TA) and ↓ جَهْوَرِىٌّ (A, TA) and ↓ جَهْوَرٌ (A) and جَهِيرُ الصَّوْتِ (S, A) and الصَّوْتِ ↓ جَهْوَرِىُّ, (S,) A man having a high, loud, or strong voice. (S, A, TA.) b2: A man (S, A) of pleasing, or goodly, aspect; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ جَهِرٌ: (K:) fem. of the former with ة: (S:) beautiful: (K:) of goodly aspect, who pleases the beholder by his beauty: and a face of goodly, or beautiful, fairness: (TA:) and ↓ أَجْهَرُ a man (TA) of goodly aspect, (K, TA,) and of goodly and perfect body. (AA, K, TA.) b3: Also, (K,) or جَهِيرٌ لِلْخَيْرِ and لِلْمَعْرُوفِ, (A,) Adapted to, or constituted for, goodness: (A, K:) because he who beholds him desires his beneficence: (TA:) pl. جُهَرَآءُ. (A, K.) A2: Also Milk not mixed with water: (Fr, S, K:) or from which the butter has been taken forth. (TA.) جُهَارَةٌ [an inf. n. (see جَهُرَ)] Pleasingness, or goodliness, of aspect; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ جُهُورَةٌ (K) and ↓ جُهْرٌ: (TA:) [and a quality pleasing to behold: for] Abu-n-Nejm says, وَأَرَى البَيَاضَ عَلَى النِّسَآءِ جَهَارَةً

[And I regard fairness in women as a quality pleasing to behold]: (S:) and ↓ جُهْرٌ signifies the form, or appearance, or the like, and goodliness of aspect, of a man: (K:) or what pleases by its beauty, of the form or appearance or the like, of a man, and and goodliness of aspect: (S:) [and simply aspect, or outward appearance.] You say, بَنُونَ ذَوُو جَهَارةٍ

Sons goodly in stature and in aspect: (IAar, TA:) or in stature and in cheeks: (K:) but the former is the more agreeable with authority. (TA.) And فُلَانٍ ↓ مَا أَحْسَنَ جُهْرَ How goodly is the form, or appearance, or the like, and the beauty of aspect, of such a one! (S, A: *) [or simply, the aspect; for] you say also, ↓ مَا أَسْوَأَ جُهْرَهُ [How evil is his aspect!]. (A.) And رَجُلٌ حَسَنُ الجَهَارَةِ and ↓ الجُهْرِ A man goodly in aspect. (TA.) and فَعَرَفْتُ سِرَّهُ ↓ رَأَيْتُ جُهْرَهُ [I saw his aspect, and so knew his mind]. (A.) جُهُورَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

فُلَانٌ عَفِيفُ السَّرِيرَةِ وَ الجَهِيرَةِ [Such a one is chaste in secret conduct and in public behaviour]. (A.) جَهْوَرِىٌّ: see جَهِيرٌ, in four places.

جَوْهَرٌ a word of well-known meaning, (Msb,) [a coll. gen. n., Jewels; precious stones; gems; pearls: any kind of jewel, precious stone, or gem: and also applied (as in the T, M, Mgh, Msb, and K, voce تِبْرٌ, q. v.,) to native ore:] any stone from which is extracted, or elicited, anything by which one may profit: (K:) n. un. with ة: (S:) [pl. جَوَاهِرُ:] it is of the measure فَوْعَلُ, (Msb,) and is from الجَهْرُ signifying a thing's “ becoming exceedingly plain to be perceived by the sense of sight: ” (Er-Rághib, TA:) or it is of Persian origin, (TA,) arabicized, (S, TA,) [from گَوْهَرْ,] accord. to most persons. (TA.) b2: جَوْهَرُ سَيْفٍ

The diversified wavy marks, streaks, or grain, of a sword; syn. فِرِنْدٌ. (T and K voce فِرِنْدٌ.] b3: جَوْهَرُ شَىْءٍ [The essence of a thing; or that whereby a thing is what it is; the substance of a thing: the constituent of a thing; the material part thereof;] that upon which the natural con-stitution of a thing is as it were based; or of which its natural constitution is made to be; [or, as IbrD thinks to be meant in the K, the collective parts and materials of a thing, of which its natural constitution is moulded;] expl. by مَاوُضِعَتْ عَلَيْهِ جِبِلَّتُهُ, (K,) or, as in some Lexicons, [as the JK and the Msb,] مَا خُلِقَتْ عَلَيْهِ جِبِلَّتُهُ [which is virtually the same]: (TA:) الجَوْهَرُ and الذَّاتُ and المَاهِيَّةُ and الحَقِيقَةُ are all syn. terms; and the first has other significations; but in the classical language it signifies الأَصْلُ, i. e., أَصْلُ المُرَكَّبَاتِ [the original of compound things]; and not what subsists by itself. (Kull.) b4: [Hence, الجَوْهَرُ الفَرْدُ (assumed tropical:) The indivisible atom.] b5: In the conventional language of scholastic theology, جَوْهَرٌ signifies (tropical:) Substance, as opposed to accident; in which sense, some assert the word to be so much used as to be, in this sense, conventionally regarded as proper. (TA.) A2: See also جَهْوَرٌ.

جَوْهَرِىٌّ A jeweller; a seller of جَوْهَر [or جَوَاهِر]. (TA.) b2: [In scholastic theology, (assumed tropical:) Of, or relating to, substance, as opposed to accident.]

أَجْهَرُ: see جَهِيرٌ. b2: Also A man having the eyeball, or globe of the eye, prominent and apparent, or large and prominent; syn. جَاحِظٌ: or resembling such as is termed جاحظ: fem. جَهْرَآءُ. (TA.) And this latter, An eye having the ball, or globe, prominent and apparent, or large and prominent; syn. جَاحِظَةٌ: (K:) or resembling what is thus termed. (TA.) b3: Having a pretty cast in the eye: (AA, K:) fem. as above. (K.) b4: That cannot see in the sun; (S, A, Msb, K;) applied to a man, (A, Msb,) and to a ram: (S:) fem. as above: (S, A, Msb, K:) or weak-sighted in the sun: (Lh, TA:) or that cannot see in the daytime; أَعْشَى signifying “ that cannot see in the night: ” (TA:) and the fem., a woman who closes her eyes in the sun. (A.) b5: A horse having a blaze that covers his face: fem. as above. (K.) b6: Also the fem., Open, bare, land, not concealed by anything: (A:) or plain land, in which are no trees nor hills (K, TA) nor sands: (TA:) pl. جَهْرَاوَاتٌ. (A, TA.) b7: And A company (S, K) consisting of the distinguished part (TA) of a people: (S:) the more, or most, excellent persons of a tribe. (K.) You say, [with reference to distinguished persons,] كَيْفَ جَهْرَاؤُكُمْ How is your company? (S.) مُجْهَرٌ. see مَجْهُورٌ: and see also جَهِيرٌ, in two places.

مِجْهَرٌ (S, K) and ↓ مِجْهَارٌ (K) A man accustomed to speak with a plain, or an open, voice; openly; or publicly. (S, K.) مِجْهَارٌ: see what next precedes.

مَجْهُورٌ بِهِ Notorious; applied to a thing: (TA:) and so ↓ مُجْتَهَرٌ applied to a man: (A, TA:) and ↓ مُجْهَرٌ plain, apparent, or conspicuous; applied to a thing. (TA.) b2: الحُرُوفُ المَجْهُورَةُ [The letters that are pronounced with the voice, and not with the breath only; the vocal letters;] the letters (nineteen in number, S) that are comprised in the saying ظِلُّ قَوٍّ رَبَضٌ إِذْ غَزَا جُنْدُ مُطِيعٌ: (S, K:) opposed to المَهْمُوسَةُ: (TA:) so called [accord. to some] because there is a full stress in the place where any one of them occurs, and the breath is prevented from passing with it until the stress is ended with the passage of the voice. (Sb, S.) A2: مَآءٌ مَجْهُورٌ Water which, having been buried in the earth, has been drawn until it has become sweet. (TA.) b2: مَجْهُورَةٌ A well (بِئْرٌ) cleared out, and cleansed from the black fetid mud which it had contained. (S.) b3: And Wells frequented [and in use], (K,) whether their water be sweet or salt. (TA.) مُجَاهِرٌ: see, above, جَهَرَ بِالمَعَاصِى.

مُجْتَهَرٌ: see مَجْهُورٌ: and see also جَهْوَرٌ.

مُتَجَاهِرٌ Feigning himself أَجْهَر; as in the saying, cited by Th, كَالنَّاظِرِ المُتَجَاهِرِ [Like the looker that feigns himself unable to see in the sun]. (TA.)

سطر: سَطَر: صف، نسق، رتب على نفس الصف. (عباد 1: 244).
سَطر: شرط، عيّن شرطاً، بينّ، أوضح (هلو) سَطَّر (بالتشديد): خَطَط (بوشر) رسم خطوطاً على القرطاس (فوك، الكالا، محيط المحيط، بوشر) ورسم (بوشر).
سطرَّ القارئ. انتقل من السطر الذي قرأه إلى ما بعد السطر الذي يليه (محيط المحيط).
سطرَّ: طمع، إغتر، تباهى، ففي حيان - بسام (1: 10و) يقول بعد كلامه عن ان هذا الخليفة الــضعيف قد رتب ونظم كل وظائف القصر. وهذا زخرف من التسطير وضع على غير حاصل ومراتب نصبت لغير طائل.
تسّطّر: تخطَّط، تصفَفَ على خط واحد (معجم ابن جبير).
تسطَّر القرطاس: خطط، رسمت فيه خطوط.
(فوك) سطر. إن كلمة اسطار لم تذكر في ألف ليلة (برسل 4: 319) حيث ينقلها هابيشت في معجمه فقط، بل ذكرت في ألف ليلة (برسل 4: 338) أيضاً، وقد حلت محلها كلمة ساطور في طبعة ماكن (4: 168) غير أنها لا يمكن أن تدل في كلتا العبارتين على الساطور الذي يقطع به اللحم. ولا ادري لماذا فسرّها بيشت هذه الكلمة بمكيال لصغار السمك. لأن العبارتين ليس فيهما ما يدل على كيل السمك، بل فيهما ما يدل على نقله. ولعل كلمة اسطار هذه تصحيف اسطال جمع سطل. لأننا نجد أن اللام في كلمة سطل باللغات الرومانية قد أبدلت بالراء. ففي اللغة الأسبانية: acetere, celtre, cetre, acetre وباللغة الكاتغالونية: setri أو لعلها جمع ستر كما لاحظ السيد دي غويا وهي الكلمة التي فسرها بيترمان (سفرة 1: 79) بكلمة: صحفة وصحن وزبدية.
مسطرة وجمعها سَطُورون وسَواطِر: سَرِيّ، شريف النفس، شهم، عالي الهمة (فوك) سطور: نوع من السمك (ياقوت 1: 886) تسطير (في تونس): تقطيع المجرم بضربات السيف تقطيعه طولاً (عوادة ص318).
مسطرة، عند أرباب الفلاحة: سعر الأرض أو الأعراس الذي تباع به (محيط المحيط).
مَسْطَرَة: كيلة، مقياس السعة (الكالا).
مِسْطَرَة: كوس، مثلث، زاوية قائمة، مسطرة مثلثة الزوايا (بوشر).
مِسْطَرة: صفيحة يسقط فيها ما فوق المد من الحبوب عند كيلها. صفيحة لكيل الملح، (الكالا) مِسَطَرة: القسم المجوف من الملوي في الآلات الموسيقية كالعود والقانون حيث تثبت الملاوي (صفحة مصر 13: 228) وفيها مسترة وهو خطأ)، لين عادات (2: 78).
مِسْطَرة: عينة. نموذج، مثل (بوشر، محيط المحيط).
مِسْطَرة: نبات الحلتيت، قنة (الكالا).
مُسْطار وجمعها مساطير: سلاف، نبيذ العنب، (فوك، الكالا، برجرن ص864). وتكتب مصطار (محيط المحيط في مادة صطر) (168) (أبو الوليد ص299، 538 رقم 72، ابن العوام 2: 415 (وانظر كلمنت موليه 2: 402 رقم 2، 416، 613) وانظر (الجواليقي ص141). مسطور وجمعها مَساطِير: مكتوب، عهد، عقد، ميثاق، اتفاق. ففي فريتاج (طرائف عقد، ميثاق، اتفاق. ففي فريتاج (طرائف ص55): وقد كتبت على نفسي مسطوراً أشهدت فيه الله وجماعة من المسلمين أن الأرض الخ. وفيه (ص61): لي عليه مسطور بها أي لي عليه مكتوب يعترف به فيه إنه مدين لي بهذه الخمسمائة دينار (عبد الواحد ص204، 205).

سطر

1 سَطَرَ, (S, M, Msb, &c.,) aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb;) inf. n. سَطْرٌ; (S, M, Msb, K; *) and ↓ سطّر; (M;) and ↓ استطر; (S, M, A, Msb, K;) He wrote (S, M, * A, Msb, K) a writing or book. (M, Msb.) b2: [And سَطَرَ He ruled a book. (See مِسْطَرَةٌ.)]

b3: Also سَطَرَ, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K, TA,) (tropical:) He cut another man with a sword. (K, * TA.) b4: And سَطَرَهُ He prostrated him; threw him down prostrate. (S.) 2 سطّر: see 1. b2: Also, inf. n. تَسْطِيرٌ, He composed (M, K) lies, falsehoods, (TA,) or أَسَاطِير, i. e. stories having no foundation, &c. (M.) b3: Also, [not تسطّر as in Gol.,] He said what was false: and he pretended a false thing. (KL.) And سطّر عَلَيْنَا He told us أَسَاطِير, i. e. stories having no foundation; or no right tendency or tenour: (M, K:) or he told us stories resembling falsehoods: (Lth:) or he embellished stories to us with lies: (TA:) or he related to us wonderful stories of the ancients. (A.) And سطّر فُلَانٌ فُلَانًا Such a one told falsehoods to such a one. (Msb.) b4: And سطّرهُ He made him to form wishes, or desires. (Sgh, TA.) 4 اسطر اسْمِى He passed over the line in which was my name. (Az, K.) b2: And اسطر (tropical:) He committed a mistake, or an error, (Ibn-Buzurj, K, TA,) in his reading, or recitation. (K.) 8 إِسْتَطَرَ see 1, first sentence.11 اسطارّ, aor. ـْ [app. signifies It (beverage, or wine,) became what is termed مُِسْطَار or مُسْطَارّ, q. v.] (TA.) Q. Q. 1 سَيْطَرَ عَلَيْنَا, (S, M, A, K,) inf. n. سَيْطَرَةٌ; (A;) and سَوْطَرَ; (K;) or سُوطِرَ; (so in a copy of the M; [but see what is said below respecting the pass. form of سَيْطَرَ;]) and ↓ تَسَيْطَرَ; (A, K;) He had, or exercised, absolute authority over us: (M, A, K:) or he was set in absolute authority over us, to oversee us, and to pay frequent attention to our various states or conditions, and to write down our manner of action: (S:) or he acted as a watcher and guardian over us, (M, K, TA,) paying frequent attention to us: (TA:) also written with ص in the place of س; but originally it is with س, from السَّطْرُ: and every س immediately followed by ط may be changed into ص: (TA:) the pass. form of سَيْطَرَ is not used. (T.) Q. Q. 2 تَسَيْطَرَ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سَطْرٌ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) originally an inf. n., [see 1,] (S,) and ↓ سَطَرٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) A line (S, M, K) of a book or writing: (M, A, K:) and a writing: (S, K:) and (tropical:) a line or row (S, M, A, Msb, K) of buildings, (S, A,) and of trees, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) &c., (Msb, K,) and [particularly] of palm-trees, and the like, (M,) [and so, app., ↓ مُسْطَارٌ, q. v.:] pl. (of the former, S, Msb) أَسْطُرٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and (of the latter, S) أَسْطَارٌ (S, M, A, K) [both pls. of pauc.] and (of the former, S, Msb) سُطُورٌ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and أَسَاطِيرُ (Lh, S, M, K) is a pl. pl., (S, K,) i. e. pl. of أَسْطَارٌ. (S.) You say, كَتَبَ سَطْرًا مِنْ كِتَابَةٍ

[He wrote a line of writing]: (A:) and بَنَى سَطْرًا (tropical:) He built a row (S, A) مِنْ بِنَائِهِ [of his building]: (A:) and غَرَسَ سَطْرًا (tropical:) He planted a row (S, A) مِنْ وَدِيِّهِ [of his palm-shoots, or young palm-trees]. (A.) b2: [Hence the saying,] اِجْعَلِ الأَمْرَ سَطْرًا وَاحِدًا (assumed tropical:) Make thou the affair, or case, [uniform, or] one uniform thing. (Fr, TA in art. بأج.) A2: Also the former, (سَطْرٌ,) A yearling (عَتُودٌ, T, M, K) of goats, (M,) or of sheep or goats: (T, K:) and صَطْرٌ is a dial. var. thereof. (IDrd, M.) سَطَرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سُطُرٌ: see أُسْطُورَةٌ.

سُطْرَةٌ (tropical:) An object of wish or desire. (K, TA.) You say, رَاجَعْتُ فُلَانًا وَلَمْ يُسَاعِدْ سُطْرَتِى (tropical:) [I consulted such a one, and he did not aid in the accomplishment of the object of my wish or desire]. (TK.) سَطَّارٌ: see what next follows.

سَاطِرٌ (tropical:) A butcher; (Fr, O, K, TA;) as also ↓ سَطَّارٌ. (Fr, O, TA.) سَاطُورٌ A butcher's cleaver; (MA, O, K; *) i. e. the great knife with which the butcher cuts [the slaughtered beast: pl. سَوَاطِيرُ]. (O.) أُسْطُورَةٌ [resembling the Greek ἱστορία] (S, M, A, Msb, K) and أُسْطُورٌ (M, Msb, K) and إِسْطَارَةٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and إِسْطَارٌ and إِسْطِيرَةٌ and إِسْطِيرٌ (M, K) sings. of أَسَاطِيرُ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) which signifies Lies; or falsehoods; or fictions: (S, Msb, TA:) or stories having no foundation, or no right tendency or tenour: (لَا نِظَامَ لَهَا:) [such as we commonly term legends:] (M, K:) or wonderful stories of the ancients: (A:) or their written stories: (Bd in viii. 31:) or their written tales: (Jel in lxxxiii. 13:) or their written lies: (Bd in xxiii. 85, and Jel in xxvii. 70:) or stories embellished with lies; as also ↓ سُطُرٌ: (TA:) or, accord. to some, أَسَاطِيرُ is pl. of أَسْطَارٌ which is pl. of سَطْرٌ: or, accord. to AO, اساطير is pl. of أَسْطُرٌ which is pl. of سَطْرٌ: or, accord. to Abu-l-Hasan, اساطير has no sing.: (M:) or the pl. of أَسْطُرٌ, accord. to AO, is أَسَاطِرُ, i. e., without ى: or, as some say, اساطير is an irreg. pl. of سَطْرٌ. (TA.) مِسْطَرَةٌ An instrument with which a book is ruled (يُسْطَرُ) [made of a piece of pasteboard with strings strained and glued across it, which is laid under the paper; the latter being ruled by being slightly pressed over each string]. (TA.) مُسَطَّرٌ Written. (S, M.) مُسَطِّرٌ: see مُسَيْطِرٌ.

مُسْطَارٌ: see سَطْرٌ. b2: (assumed tropical:) Dust rising into the sky; (K, TA;) as being likened to a row of palm-trees or other things. (TA.) A2: Also, (thus in some copies of the K, and so correctly written accord. to Sgh, with damm, TA,) or مِسْطَارٌ, (thus in the S, and in some copies of the K,) with kesr to the م, (S,) or with teshdeed, [مُسْطَارٌّ,] as written by Ks, and this also shows it to be with damm, being in this case from إِسْطَارَّ, aor. ـْ (Sgh, TA,) A kind of wine in which is acidity; (S;) an acid kind of wine: (A'Obeyd, K:) or a kind of wine which prostrates its drinker: (K:) or new, or recently-made, wine, (K,) of which the taste and odour are altered: (TA:) or wine made of the earliest of grapes, recently: (T, TA:) or a wine in which is a taste between sweet and sour; also termed ↓ مُسْطَارَةٌ: (Har p. 618:) Az says, it is of the dial. of the people of Syria; and I think that it is Greek, [or perhaps it is from the Latin “ mustarius,” which is from “ mustum,”] because it does not resemble an Arabic form: it is with ص, or, as some say, with س; and [app. a mistake for “ or ”] I think it to be of the measure مُفْتَعَلٌ from صَارَ, with the ت changed into ط. (TA.) مُسْطَارَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, مُسَيْطِرٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and ↓ مُسَطِّرٌ, (S, K,) as also مُصَيْطِرٌ, (S, A,) One who has, or exercises, absolute authority (M, A, K) over others: (M:) one who is set in absolute authority over a thing [or people], to oversee it, and to pay frequent attention to its various states or conditions, and to write down its manner of action: from السَّطْرُ: (S:) or a watcher and guardian; (M, K;) one who pays frequent attention to a thing. (Msb, * TA.)

عق

1 عَقَّ, (Msb, K, TA,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. عَقٌّ, (Mgh, O, Msb, TA,) He clave, split, slit, ripped, or rent; (Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA;) and he cut. (Mgh, O, TA.) You say, عَقَّ ثَوْبَهُ He slit, ripped, or rent, his garment. (Msb.) and عُقَّتْ تَمِيمَتُهُ فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ [His amulet was cut off among the sons of such a one]; said of a boy when he has attained to the prime of manhood, and become strong, with a tribe; originating from the fact that as long as the boy was an infant, his mother hung upon him amulets to preserve him from the evil eye; and when he became full-grown, they were cut off from him: whence the saying of a poet, بِلَادٌ بِهَا عَقَّ الشَّبَابُ تَمِيمَتِى

وَأَوَّلُ أَرْضٍ مَسَّ جِلْدِى تُرَابُهَا [A country in which the attaining to the prime of manhood cut off my amulet, and the first land of which the dust touched my skin]. (TA.) b2: and [hence,] عَقَّتِ الرِّيحُ المُزْنَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, The wind drew forth a shower of fine rain from the مزن [or clouds containing water]; as though it rent them. (TA.) And عُقَّتِ السَّحَابَةُ The cloud poured forth its water; [as though it were rent;] and ↓ اِنْعَقَّت [means the same]; (TA;) and ↓ اعتقّت [likewise]. (O.) b3: and عَقَّ عَنْ وَلَدِهِ, (S, Msb,) or عَنِ المَوْلُودِ, (K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb, TA) and عَقِّ, (TA,) inf. n. عَقٌّ, (S, Msb,) He slaughtered as a sacrifice (S, Msb, K, TA) for his child, (S, Msb,) or for the new-born child, (K,) a sheep or goat, (T, Msb, TA,) [generally the latter,] on the seventh day after the birth. (T, S, Msb, TA.) And He shaved the [hair termed] عَقِيقَة [q. v.] (S, TA) of his child, (S,) or of the new-born child. (TA.) b4: And عَقَّ بِالسَّهْمِ He shot the arrow towards the sky; and that arrow was called عَقِيقَةٌ; (S, O, K;) and it was the arrow of self-excuse: they used to do thus in the Time of Ignorance [on the occasion of a demand for blood-revenge]; and if the arrow returned smeared with blood, they were not content save with the retaliation of slaughter; but if it returned clean, they stroked their beards, and made reconciliation on the condition of the bloodwit; the stroking of the beards being a sign of reconciliation: the arrow, however, as IAar says, did not [ever] return otherwise than clean: (S, O:) the origin was this: a man of the tribe was slain, and the slayer was prosecuted for his blood; whereupon a company of the chief men [of the family of the slayer] collected themselves together to the heirs [who claimed satisfaction for the blood] of the slain, and offered the bloodwit, asking forgiveness for the blood; and if the heir [who claimed satisfaction and who acted for himself and his coheirs] was a strong man, impatient of injury, he refused to take the bloodwit; but if weak, he consulted the people of his tribe, and then said to the petitioners, “We have, between us and our Creator, a sign denoting command and prohibition: we take an arrow, and set it on a bow, and shoot it towards the sky; and if it return to us smeared with blood, we are forbidden to take the bloodwit, and are not content save with the retaliation of slaughter; but if it return clean, as it went up, we are commanded to take the bloodwit: ” so they made reconciliation; for this arrow never returned otherwise than clean; and thus they had an excuse in the opinion of the ignorant of them. (L, TA.) A poet (S, O, TA) of the family of the slain, said by some to be of Hudheyl, by IB to be El-As'ar El-Joafee, who was absent from this reconciliation, (TA,) says, عَقُّوا بِسَهْمٍ ثُمَّ قَالُوا صَالِحُوا يَا لَيْتَنِى فِى القَوْمِ إِذْ مَسَحُوا الِلُّحَى

[They shot an arrow towards the sky; them they said, “Make ye reconciliation: ” would that I were among the party when they stroked the beards]: (S, O, TA:) or, as some relate it, the first word is عَقَّوْا, with fet-h to the ق; which belongs to the class of unsound verbs [i. e. to art. عقى]. (S, O.) b5: One says also, عَقَّ وَالِدَهُ, (S, O, K,) or أَبَاهُ, (Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. عُقُوقٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and مَعَقَّةٌ (S, O, K) and عَقٌّ, (TA,) He was undutiful, disobedient, refractory, or ill-mannered, to his parent, or father; contr. of بَرَّهُ; (K;) he broke his compact of obedience to his parent, or father; (TA;) he disobeyed his father; and failed, or neglected, to behave to him in a good, or comely, manner. (Msb.) And عَقَّ الرَّحِمَ, (TA, and Ham p. 93,) like قَطَعَهَا [i. e. He severed the tie, or ties, of relationship, by unkind behaviour to his kindred]. (Ham ib.) and عَقَّ [alone], aor. ـُ inf. n. عُقُوقٌ, [He was undutiful, &c.; or he acted undutifully, &c.; or] he contravened, or opposed, him whom he was under an obligation to obey. (Har p. 158.) عُقُوقُ الوَالِدَيْنِ [Undutiful treatment, &c., of the two parents] is said in a trad. to be one of the great sins. (O.) And it is said in a prov., العُقُوقُ

أَحَدُ الثُّكْلَيْنِ [Undutiful treatment of a parent is one of the two sorts of being bereft of a child]: or, as some relate it, العُقُوقُ ثُكْلُ مَنْ لَمْ يَثْكَلْ [Undutiful treatment of a parent is (like) the bereavement of him who is not (really) bereft of his child]: i. e. he whom his children have treated undutifully (مِنْ عَقَّهُ وَلَدُهُ) is as though he were bereft of his children although they are living. (O.) [See also 3: and 4.] b6: Hence, from عُقُوقُ الوَالِدَيْنِ, the verb is metaphorically used in the saying, in a trad., مَثَلُكُمْ وَمَثَلُ عَائِشَةَ مَثَلُ العَيْنِ فِى الرَّأْسِ تُؤْذِى صَاحِبَهَا وَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَعُقَّهَا إِلَّا بِالَّذِى هُوَ خَيْرٌ لَهَا (tropical:) [The similitude of you and of 'Áïsheh is that of the eye in the head, when it hurts its owner, and he cannot treat it severely save with that which is good for it: app. meaning that her severity was for the good of the objects thereof]. (TA.) A2: عَقَّ, intrans., said of lightning: see 7.

A3: عَقَّتْ said of a mare, and of an ass: see 4.

A4: عَقَّتِ الدَّلْوُ, inf. n. عَقُّ, means The bucket came up full from the well; and some of the Arabs say عَقَّت as having تَعْقِيَةٌ for its inf. n.; but it is [said to be] originally ↓ عَقَّقَت, the third ق being changed into ى, [which is then in this case suppressed,] like as they said تَظَنَّيْتُ from الظَّنُّ: [it is, however, mentioned in the TA in art. عقو also, and there expl. as meaning it rose in the well turning round: and from what here follows, it appears to mean it rose swiftly, cleaving the air:] a poet, cited by IAar, says, of a bucket, عَقَّتْ كَمَا عَقَّتْ دَلُوفُ العِقْبَانٌ meaning It clave [the air of] the well, rising swiftly, like the hastening of the swift eagle in its flight towards the prey. (TA in the present art.) 2 عَقَّّ see above, last sentence.3 عَاقَقْتُ فُلَانًا, aor. ـَ inf. n. عِقَاقٌ, I contravened, or opposed, such a one. (TA.) [See also عَقَّ وَالِدَهُ, in the latter half of the first paragraph.]4 اعقّ فُلَانٌ i. q. جَآءَ بِالعُقُوقِ [i. e. Such a one did that which was an act of undutifulness, disobedience, refractoriness, or ill manners, to his father or the like]. (S, TA.) [See also عَقَّ وَالِدَهُ, in the latter half of the first paragraph.] b2: and you say, مَا أَعَقَّهُ لِوَالِدِهِ [How undutiful, disobedient, refractory, or ill-mannered, is he to his father!]. (TA.) A2: اعقّت She (a mare, S, O, K, and an ass, TA) conceived, or became pregnant; (S, O, K;) or she did not conceive, or become pregnant, after having been covered by the stallion, or during a year or two years or some years; (K;) and ↓ عَقَّتْ, aor. ـِ (O, K, TA,) the verb being of the class of ضَرَبَ, (TA,) inf. n. عَقَاقٌ and عَقَقٌ (O, K, TA) and عُقُوقٌ, (CK, but not in other copies,) signifies the same, (O, * K, TA,) said of a mare, (O, K,) and of an ass; (O;) or عَقَاقٌ signifies pregnancy itself, as also عِقَاقٌ, (K,) and عَقَقٌ; (S, O;) or عَقَّتْ signifies she became pregnant; and اعقّت, the [hair called] عَقِيقَة grew in her belly upon the young one that she bore. (TA.) b2: Also It (a palm-tree, and a grape-vine) put forth what are termed عِقَّان [q. v.]. (S, O, K.) A3: اعقّهُ He made it bitter; (S, O, K;) namely, water; said of God; like اقعّهُ. (S, O.) and اعقّت الأَرْضُ المَآءَ The earth made the water bitter. (TA.) 7 انعقّ It became cloven, split, slit, ripped, or rent; or it clave, split, &c.; said of anything; (S, O, K, TA;) mentioned by Th as said of a garment. (TA.) b2: انعقّت السَّحَابَهُ The cloud became rent with the water. (S, O, K.) See also 1, first quarter. [And see 8.] b3: انعقّ البَرْقُ and ↓ عَقَّ [of which latter the aor. is probably يَعَقُّ, and the inf. n. عَقَقٌ, said in the K to mean اِنْشِقَاقٌ,] signify تَشَقَّقَ and اِنْشَقَّ [as though meaning The lightning became cloven]; (TA;) [but] the former is expl. as signifying the lightning was, or became, in a state of commotion (تَضَرَّبَ) in the clouds. (S, O.) [Another meaning is suggested by an explanation of عَقِيقَةٌ (q. v.) in relation to lightning.] b4: انعقّ الغُبَارُ i. q. سَطَعَ [app. as meaning The dust spread, or diffused itself]: (IF, O, K:) or اِنْشَقَّ وَسَطَعَ [became cleft, and diffused itself]. (TA.) b5: انعقّ الوَادِى The valley was, or became, deep. (TA.) A2: انعقّت العُقْدَةُ The knot became strongly, or firmly, tied. (O, * K, * TA.) 8 اعتقّ السَّحَابُ The clouds became rent, (K, TA,) and their water poured forth. (TA.) See also 1, first quarter. [And see 7.]

A2: اعتقّ السَّيْفَ He drew the sword (O, K) from its scabbard. (O.) A3: And اعتقّ [probably from عَقَّ بِالسَّهْمِ, q. v.,] He exceeded the due bounds, or was immoderate, in excusing himself. (TA.) R. Q. 1 عَقْعَقَ بِصَوْتِهِ, (O, TA,) inf. n. عَقْعَقَةٌ, (S, O,) said of the عَقْعَق [or magpie], It uttered a [kind of chattering] cry, (S, * O, TA,) resembling the sound of ع and ق [or the repeated sound of عَقْ]; (O, TA;) whence its name: and said of a bird [that utters a cry of this kind] when it comes and goes. (TA.) b2: And عَقْعَقَةٌ signifies also The shaking, or being in a state of commotion, [so as to produce a kind of crackling, or rustling, sound,] of paper, and of a new garment; like قَعْقَعَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) عَقٌّ Any cleft, or furrow, and any hole, in sand &c. (S, TA.) See also عَقَّةٌ.

A2: Also i. q. عَاقٌّ, q. v. (O, K.) A3: مَآءٌ عَقٌّ: see عُقٌّ.

مَآءٌ عُقٌّ, with damm, (K, TA,) or ↓ عَقٌّ, (thus written in my copies of the S and in the O,) and ↓ عُقَاقٌ, (O, K, TA,) Bitter water: (S, O, K:) or intensely bitter water: used alike as sing. and pl.: (TA:) like قُعٌّ, (TA,) or قَعٌّ, (S, O,) and قُعَاعٌ. (O, TA.) عِقٌّ: see what next follows.

عَقَّةٌ A deep excavation, hollow, cavity, trench, or the like, in the ground; (K, TA;) as also ↓ عِقٌّ, accord. to the K, there said to be with kesr, but correctly ↓ عَقٌّ, with fet-h, [q. v.,] which signifies an elongated excavation in the ground, and is originally an inf. n.; thus in the L. (TA.) b2: And A blaze of lightning extending in an elongated form in the sky, (IDrd, O, K,) or in the side of the clouds, (A, TA,) and said to be as though it were a drawn sword. (TA.) [See also عَقِيقَةٌ.]

عُقَّةٌ A certain thing with which boys play. (L, K, TA.) عِقَّةٌ: see عَقِيقَةٌ, in the former half.

عَقَقٌ: see عَقَاقٌ. b2: It is said in the K to be syn. with عَاقٌّ; but in this sense the correct word is عُقَقٌ. (TA.) عُقَقٌ: see عُقِيقَةٌ, latter half: A2: and see also عَاقٌّ, in two places.

عُقُقٌ, as a sing. and as a pl.: see عَاقٌّ.

عَقَاقٌ is an inf. n. of عَقَّتْ said of a mare (O, K) and of an ass: (O:) or it signifies Pregnancy (AA, S, K) itself; (K;) as also ↓ عِقَاقٌ, (K,) and ↓ عَقَقٌ [which is likewise said to be an inf. n. of عَقَّتْ]. (S.) You say, أَظْهَرَتِ الأَتَانُ عَقَاقًا The she-ass manifested pregnancy. (AA, S, O.) b2: And, accord. to Esh-Shafi'ee, An embryo; or a fœtus. (TA.) A2: عَقَاقِ, like قَطَامِ, [indecl.,] is a [proper] name for العُقُوقُ [Undutifulness, disobedience, refractoriness, or ill manners, to a parent, or the like]: (K, TA:) mentioned by IB, and in the O. (TA.) عُقَاقٌ, applied to water: see عُقٌّ.

عِقَاقٌ: see عَقَاقٌ.

عَقُوقٌ, applied to a mare, (S, O, K, TA,) and to an ass, (TA,) Pregnant: (S, O, K:) or not pregnant after having been covered by the stallion, or during a year or two years or some years; (K;) or it signifies thus also; (O;) having two contr. meanings; (K;) or it is applied to one in the latter state as implying a presage of good; (O, K;) so says AHát; (O, TA;) i. e., as though they meant that she would become pregnant: (TA:) it is extr.; [as being from أَعَقَّتْ;] and one should not say ↓ مُعِقٌّ; or this is a bad dial. var.; (S, O, K;) or, accord. to AA, it is from اعقّت, and عَقُوقٌ is from عَقَّتْ: (TA:) the pl. is عُقُقٌ, and عِقَاقٌ is a pl. pl., (S, O, K,) i. e. pl. of عُقُقٌ. (S, O.) It is said in a prov., طَلَبَ الأَبْلَقَ العَقُوقَ, meaning He sought an impossible thing; because ابلق is applied to a male, and عقوق means pregnant: (S, O, and K in art. بلق) or الابلق العقوق means the dawn, because it breaks, lit, cleaves. (O, and K in art. بلق.) b2: نَوَى

العَقُوقِ means Date-stones that are easily broken, (Lth, S, O, K,) soft to be chewed; (Lth, O, K;) which are given as provender to camels, (S,) or to the pregnant thereof, in consideration of her state, wherefore they are thus called; and which are eaten, or chewed, by the old woman; but this is of the speech of the people of El Basrah, and not known by the Arabs in their desert: (Lth, O:) and sometimes they called a single date-stone of this sort ↓ عَقِيقَةٌ. (S.) A2: See also عَاقٌّ.

عَقِيقٌ Cleft, split, slit, ripped, or rent; and cut; as also ↓ مَعْقُوقٌ. (TA.) b2: And [hence] Any channel which the water of a torrent has cloven (S, O, Msb, * K) of old (Msb) and made wide: (S, O:) and a valley: (O, K:) pl. أَعِقَّةٌ (S, O, Msb, K, TA) and عَقَائِقُ. (TA.) And عَقَائِقُ signifies also Pools of water in cleft furrows: (AHn, TA:) and some say, red sands. (TA.) b3: See also عَقِيقَةٌ, in two places.

A2: Also [Carnelian;] a species of فُصُوص [or stones that are set in rings]; (S;) a sort of stone, (Msb,) or red خَرَز [meaning precious stones], (O, K,) of which فُصُوص are made; (O, Msb;) existing in ElYemen, (K, TA,) near to Esh-Shihr, said by Et-Teefáshee to be brought from mines thereof at San'à, (TA,) and on the shores of the Sea of Roomeeyeh; one kind thereof is of a turbid appearance, like water running from salted flesh-meat, and having in it faint white lines, (K, TA,) and this, Et-Teefáshee says, is what is known by the appellation الرطبى [so in my original]; the best kind is the red; then, the yellow; then, the white; and the other kinds are bad: or, as some say, the streaked (المُشَطَّب) is the best: (TA:) [I omit some absurd assertions in the K and TA respecting various virtues supposed to be possessed by this stone:] the n. un. is with ة: and the pl. is عَقَائِقُ. (O, K.) [العَقِيقُ اليَمَانِىُّ is an appel-lation applied by some to The agate.]

عَقِيقَةٌ [a subst. from عَقِيقٌ, made so by the affix ة. Hence, because cleft, or furrowed, in the earth,] A river, or rivulet. (IAar, O, K.) b2: And A fillet, or bandage, (عِصَابَةٌ,) at the time of its being rent from a garment, or piece of cloth. (IAar, O, K.) b3: And The prepuce of a boy (AO, IAar, O, K) when he is circumcised. (TA.) b4: And [app. because made of cut pieces of skin,] A [leathern water-bag such as is commonly called]

مَزَادَة. (IAar, O, K.) b5: Also The wool of a جَذَع [or sheep in or before its second year]: (S, O, K, TA:) that of a ثَنِىّ [or sheep in its third year] is called جَنِيبَةٌ: (TA:) and the hair of a young one recently born, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) that comes forth upon his head in his mother's belly, (TA,) of human beings, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) because it is cut off on his seventh day, (Mgh,) and of others, (Msb,) [i. e.] of beasts likewise; (S, O, K, TA;) as also ↓ عَقِيقٌ and ↓ عِقَّةٌ; (S, O, Msb, K;) but A 'Obeyd says that he had not heard this last except in relation to human beings and asses: (S, O, K: *) its pl. (i. e. the pl. of عِقَّةٌ) is عِقَقٌ: (O, K:) [the pl. of عَقِيقَةٌ and عَقِيقٌ is عَقَائِقُ: a law of the Sunneh requires that the عَقِيقَة of an infant should be weighed, and its weight in silver be given to the poor: (and Herodotus, in ii. 65, mentions a similar custom as obtaining among the Ancient Egyptians:)] when the hair has once fallen from the young [by its being cut], the term عَقِيقَةٌ ceases to be applied to it: so says Lth: (O, TA:) but it occurs in a trad. applied to hair as being likened to the hair of a recently-born infant. (TA.) b6: Hence, (S, O,) it is applied also to The sheep, or goat, [generally the latter,] that is slaughtered (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) as a sacrifice for the recentlyborn infant (S, Mgh, Msb) on the occasion of the shaving of the infant's hair (O, K) on the seventh day after his birth, (S, Msb,) and of which the limbs are divided, and cooked with water and salt, and given as food to the poor: (Lth, TA:) Z holds it to be thus called from the same word as applied to the hair: but it is said [by some] to be so called because it is slaughtered by cutting the windpipe and gullet and the two external jugular veins: (TA:) the Prophet disallowed this appellation, (Mgh, Msb,) as being of evil omen, (Mgh,) or as though he saw them to regard it as of evil omen, (Msb,) and desired them to use نَسِيكَةٌ in its stead; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) saying I like not العُقُوق. (TA.) b7: عَقِيقَةُ البَرْقِ signifies What remains [for an instant] in the clouds, of the rays, or beams, of lightning; (Lth, O, K;) as also ↓ العُقَقُ; (K;) which, as well as العَقِيقَةُ, is also expl. as meaning lightning which one sees in the midst of the clouds, resembling a drawn sword: (TA:) or عَقِيقَةُ البَرْقِ signifies lightning in a state of commotion in the clouds: (S, O:) or lightning extending in an elongated form in the side, or breadth, of the clouds: (TA:) or lightning that cleaves the clouds, and extends high, into the midst of the sky, without going to the right and left: (S in art. خفو:) or, as expl. by Aboo-Sa'eed, a flash of lightning that has spread in the horizon: (O, voce شَقِيقَةٌ:) a sword is likened thereto: (S, O, K:) and [the pl.] عَقَائِقُ is a name for swords: (O, K:) ↓ عَقِيقٌ, also, signifies lightning. (TA.) b8: And عَقِيقَةٌ signifies also An arrow shot towards the sky; (S, O, K;) the arrow of self-excuse; which was used in the manner described in the explanation of the phrase عَقَّ بِالسَّهْمِ [q. v.]. (S, O.) b9: See also عَقُوقٌ, last signification.

سَحَابَةٌ عَقَّاقَةٌ A cloud pouring forth its water: (TA:) or a cloud much rent by water. (T, TA voce هَيْدَبٌ.) عِقَّانٌ Shoots that come forth from the أُصُول [meaning trunks, or stems,] of palm-trees and of grape-vines; (S, O, K;) and which, if not cut off, cause the اصول to become vitiated, or unsound. (S, O.) [See also صُنْبُورٌ: and see عَوَاقٌّ, below.]

عَقْعَقٌ [The magpie, corvus pica; so called in the present day;] a certain bird, (S, O, Msb, K,) well known, (S, O,) of the size of the pigeon, (Msb,) party-coloured, black and white, (O, Msb, K,) having a long tail, (O, Msb,) said by Is-hák El-Mowsilee to be the same that is called شَجَجَى, (Th, IB, TA,) a species of crow, (IAth, Msb, TA,) wherefore it is said in a trad. that the man in the state of إِحْرَام may kill it; (IAth, TA;) its cry resembles the sound of ع and ق [or the repeated sound of عَقْ]; (O, K;) and the Arabs regard it as an evil omen. (Msb.) [See also صُرَدٌ.]

عَاقٌّ Undutiful, disobedient, refractory, or illmannered, to his parent, or father; (S, * O, * K;) breaking, or one who breaks, his compact of obedience to his parent, or father; (TA;) disobeying, or disobedient to, his father; and failing, or neglecting, to behave to him in a good, or comely, manner; (Msb;) [and severing, or one who severs, the tie, or ties, of relationship, by unkind behaviour to his kindred; (see its verb;)] and ↓ عَقٌّ signifies the same; (O, K;) as also ↓ عُقَقٌ, (S, O, TA,) but in an intensive sense, altered from عَاقٌّ, like غُدَر and فُسَق from غَادِر and فَاسِق, in the K erroneously said to be عَقَقٌ; (TA;) and ↓ عُقُقٌ; (L, and TA as from the K, but not in my MS. copy of the K nor in the CK;) which last signifies also [as a pl.] men severing, or who sever, the ties of relationship, by unkind behaviour to their kindred; and also remote, or distant, enemies: (TA:) [and ↓ عَقُوقٌ is app. used (as Freytag asserts it to be) in the sense of عَاقٌّ in the Fákihet el-Khulatà, p. 55, 1. 7 from the bottom:] the pl. of عَاقٌّ is عَقَقَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) like كَفَرَةٌ, (S,) and عُقَّقٌ, like رُكَّعٌ, a form used by Ru-beh, (O,) and أَعِقَّةٌ, which is an extr. [meaning anomalous] pl. (Ham p. 93.) ↓ ذُقٌ عُقَقُ, (S, O,) in a trad., (S,) said by Aboo-Sufyán to Hamzeh on the day of Ohod, when he passed by him slain, (S, * O,) means ذُقٌ جَزَآءَ فِعْلِكَ [Taste thou the recompense of thy deed], (S,) or ذُقِ القَتْلَ [taste thou slaughter], (O,) يَا عَاقُّ [O undutiful, &c.; or, accord. to the explanation in the TA mentioned above, عُقَقُ, for يَا عُقَقُ, means O very undutiful, &c.]. (S, O.) عَوَاقُّ النَّخْلِ The shoots, or offsets, of the palmtrees, that grow forth therewith. (O, K.) [See also عِقَّانٌ.]

أَعَقُّ مِنْ ضَبٍّ [More undutiful, &c., to kindred, than a lizard of the species called ضبّ] is a prov. [mentioned, but not expl., in the O]: IAar says, the female [of the ضبّ] is meant; and its عُقُوق consists in its eating its young ones. (TA.) [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 152-3. And see an ex. of أَعَقُّ in a verse cited in art. زهد, conj. 2.]

مُعِقٌّ: see عَقُوقٌ.

مَعْقُوقٌ: see عَقِيقٌ, first sentence.

شقر

1 شَقِرَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شَقَرٌ (M, L, Msb, K [in the CK and TA شَقْرٌ, which is evidently wrong,]) and شُقْرَةٌ, (Lth, K,) or the latter is a simple subst.; (M;) and شَقُرَ; and ↓ اِشْقَرَّ; (M, K;) He was, or became, of the colour termed شُقْرَةٌ. (M, L, Msb, K.) 9 إِشْقَرَّ see 1.

شَقْرٌ: see شُقُورٌ.

شَقِرٌ [The red, or blood-coloured, anemone;] i. q. شَقَائِقُ النُّعْمَانِ: (S, M, A, Msb, K:) it is not a sweet-scented flower: (Msb:) n. un. with ة; (S, M, Msb, K;) pl. [of the n. un.] شَقِرَاتٌ: (K:) as also ↓ شُقَّارٌ and ↓ شَقِرَانٌ, (so in some copies of the K,) the latter so written by IDrd and Sgh, and thought by IDrd to be a place or a plant, (TA,) or ↓ شُقْرَانٌ, (so in some copies of the K and in the TA,) and ↓ شُقَّارَى and ↓ شُقَارَى: (K:) or شَقِرٌ is the name of a certain other plant, not the شقائق, but red like it: (M, * K, * TA:) or it signifies cinnabar: (A:) or شَقِرَةٌ has this signification, (T, K,) as well as that first assigned to it above: (K:) and accord. to AHn, (M, TA,) ↓ شُقَّارَى is the name of a certain plant (S, M, TA) that grows is sands, having a pungent odour, which is tasted in the flavour of milk: and he adds that, accord. to some, it is the same as the شَقِر; but that this opinion is not well founded: (M, TA:) it is also said that it is a certain plant having a flower of a dingy red colour, the seed, or grain, of which is called خِمْخِمٌ: (TA:) and that ↓ شُقَّارَى (M, TA) and ↓ شُقَارَى, (M,) or ↓ شُقَّارٌ, (TA,) are names of a certain plant, having a flower of a colour somewhat of that termed شُكْلَةٌ, with slender, or delicate, dust-coloured leaves, which grows in the manner of قَضْب [a kind of trefoil], is approved in pasturage, and grows only in fruitful years. (M, TA.) جَآءَ بِالشُّقَرِ وَالبُقَرِ: see جآء بِالصُّقَرِ وَالبُقَرِ, in art. صقر.

شُقْرَةٌ The colours described in the explanations of the epithet أَشْقَرُ, below. (S, M, Msb, &c.) شَقِرَانٌ, or شُقْرَانٌ: see شَقِرٌ.

شَقِرَّاقٌ and its vars.: see in art. شقرق.

شَقُورٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places.

شُقُورٌ (AHeyth, Fr, A'Obeyd, S, K) and ↓ شَقُورٌ (AHeyth, As, Abu-l-Jarráh, S, K) A want; or a needful, or requisite, thing, affair, or business: (S, K:) or the former signifies wants: (Ham p.

716:) A'Obeyd says that the former word is the more correct, because شُقُورٌ signifies things, or affairs, that cleave to the heart, disquieting it; and is pl. of ↓ شَقْرٌ; and that ↓ شَقُورٌ, with fet-h, has the signification of an epithet [meaning cleaving to the heart and disquieting it]: (S:) or, accord. to some, this latter signifies grief, mourning, sorrow, or sadness; disquietude of mind: or disquietude of mind that causes one to be sleepless: the former is also expl. as signifying a man's case, and his secret: and ↓ both are also said to signify tidings: and a man's state, or condition. (TA.) One says, أَخْبَرْتُهُ بِشُقُورِى I acquainted him with my want; like as one says أَفْضَيْتُ إِلَيْهِ بِعُجَرِى

وَبُجَرِى: (S:) or I acquainted him with my tidings. (TA.) And أَفْضَيْتُ إِلَيْهِ بِشُقُورِى I acquainted him with my case, and with what I kept secret from others; (TA;) and so نَفَضْتُ لَهُ شُقُورِى: (Ham p. 716:) or I revealed to him my secret, and acquainted him with all my affairs. (Mgh.) And ↓ بَثَّهُ شَقُورَهُ, and شُقُورَهُ, He complained to him of his state, or condition. (M, TA.) شُقَارَى: see شَقِرٌ, in two places: A2: and see also جَآءَ بِالصُّقَرِ وَالبُقَرِ, in art. صقر.

شُقَّارٌ: see شَقِرٌ, in two places.

شُقَّارَى: see شَقِرٌ, in three places.

أَشْقَرُ, applied to a man, [Of a ruddy complexion combined with fairness: or] of a clear ruddy complexion, with the outer skin inclining to white: (S:) or having a red, or ruddy, tinge, over a white, or fair, complexion: (M, Msb, K:) and applied to a horse, [of a sorrel colour;] of a clear red colour, (S, IF, Msb,) or of a red colour inclining to [the dull red hue called] مُغْرَةٌ, (M, K,) with a red mane and tail: (S, M, K:) when the mane and tail are black, the epithet كُمَيْتٌ [meaning bay, or dark bay, or brown,] is applied to the horse: (S:) the اشقر is said to be the best of horses: (IAar, M: [but it is said in Har p. 399 to be regarded by the Arabs as of evil omen:]) and applied to a camel, intensely red: (S:) or of a colour resembling that of a horse thus termed: (M:) fem. شَقْرَآءُ: and pl. شُقْرٌ. (Msb.) b2: Also, applied to blood, That has become thick, (مَا صَارَ عَلَقًا, M, Msb, TA,) and not been overspread with dust. (Msb, TA.) b3: And the fem., شَقْرَآءُ, is used as [a subst.] signifying Fire. (Ham p. 718.)