صدع
1 صَدَعَهُ, (
S,
Msb,
K,)
aor. ـَ (
Msb,
K,)
inf. n. صَدْعٌ, (
S, *
Msb,
K, *) He clave, split, slit, or cracked, it [i. e. a hard thing, such as a glass vessel, and a wall, and the like of these; (see صَدْعٌ below;) or so generally];
syn. شَقَّهُ; (
S,
Msb,
K;) as also ↓ صدّعهُ, [but
app. in an intensive sense, or relating to a number of objects,]
inf. n. تَصْدِيعٌ: (
TA:) or so as to divide it in halves: or so that it did not separate. (
K.)
b2: [Hence,] one says, صَدَعَهُ صَدْعَ الرِّدَآءِ [He slit it, or rent it, as with the slitting, or rending, of the garment called رداء]. (
TA.)
b3: And صَدَعَ الفَلَاةَ (
tropical:) He traversed, or crossed, the desert; [as though he clave it;] (
S,
Msb,
K,
TA;) and in like manner, النَّهْرَ the river. (
TA.) And هٰذَا الطَّرِيقُ يَصْدَعُ فِى
أَرْضِ كَذَا وَكَذَا (assumed
tropical:) [This road extends through such and such a land]. (
TA.) And صَدَعَ اللَّيْلَ,
inf. n. as above, (
tropical:) He journeyed during [or through] the night. (
IKtt,
TA.)
b4: صَدْعٌ also signifies The act of separating, or dispersing, or scattering; (
Msb;) and so ↓ تَصْدِيعٌ; (
S, O;)
syn. تَفْرِيقٌ [with which each is probably
syn. in other, but similar, senses]. (
S,
O,
Msb.) One says, صَدَعَ الشَّىْءَ He, or it, separated, or dispersed, or scattered, the thing. (
TA.) And صَدَعْتُ القَوْمَ,
inf. n. صَدْعٌ, (assumed
tropical:) I separated, or dispersed, or scattered, the people, or party. (
Msb.) And صَدَعَتْهُمُ النَّوَى means [in like manner] فَرَّقَتْهُم [i. e. (
tropical:) The place that was the object of the journey separated them from their homes &c.]; and so ↓ صَدَّعَتْهُم; whence التَّصْدَاعُ [as an
inf. n., like التَّصْدِيعُ]. (
TA.) and صَدَعْتُ الغَنَمَ صِدْعَتَيْنِ (assumed
tropical:) I separated, or divided, the sheep, or the goats, into two flocks or herds. (
S,
TA.)
b5: [And hence,] صَدَعْتُ الشَّىْءَ (assumed
tropical:) I made the thing distinct [as though separate from others], apparent, manifest, evident, clear, or plain: whence the saying of Aboo-Dhu-eyb in a verse cited in art. فيض,
conj. 4. (
S.)
b6: and صَدَعَ بِالحَقِّ (
tropical:) He spoke the truth openly, or aloud, (
S,
Msb,
K,
TA,) distinguishing, or discriminating, between it and falsehood: and thus
Kh has
expl. the verb as used in the verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb above referred to. (
TA.) And صَدَعَ بِالأَمْرِ, (
K,
TA,)
aor. and
inf. n. as above, (
TA,) (assumed
tropical:) He made known the affair, or case, by speaking of it. (
K,
TA.)
b7: فَاصْدَعْ بِمَا تُؤْمَرُ, in the
Kur [xv. 94], means (assumed
tropical:) Therefore cleave thou, or divide thou, their congregation, [
app. by separating the believers from the unbelievers, with that wherewith thou art charged, (بِهِ being understood after تؤمر,) i. e.,] with the declaration of the unity [of God]: (
IAar,
O,
Msb,
K:) or (assumed
tropical:) distinguish thou therewith between the truth and falsehood: (
AO,
O,
Msb,
K:) or (assumed
tropical:) dispense thou among them in their collective state [that wherewith thou art charged, i. e.] the announcement [of the unity &c.]: (
TA:) or (assumed
tropical:) reveal thou, or make manifest, (
Fr,
Zj,
S,
Msb,
K,
TA,) that with which thou art charged, (
Zj,
Msb,
TA,) and fear not any one, (
Zj,
TA,) or the ordinance, i. e., (
Fr,
TA,) thy religion; (
Fr,
S,
TA;) ما [with what follows it] being held by
Fr, who thus explains the phrase, to occupy the place of an
inf. n., namely, الأَمْر: (
TA:) or (assumed
tropical:) utter thou openly, or aloud, (
O,
K,
TA,) that with which thou art charged, meaning,
accord. to Ibn-Mujáhid, (
TA,) the
Kur-án: (
O,
K,
TA:) in the
R it is said to be from الصَّدِيعُ meaning “ the daybreak; ” ignorance being likened to the darkness of night, and the
Kur-án to light that cleaves that darkness: (
TA:) or (assumed
tropical:) order thou, or ordain, or decree, [that with which thou art charged, i. e.,] the truth: and (assumed
tropical:) decide thou according to the ordinance [prescribed to thee]: (
O,
K,
TA:) or (
tropical:) direct thy course by that [revelation] with [the preaching of] which thou art charged: (
O,
K,
TA:) so says
Th, on the authority of an Arab of the desert;
accord. to whom, (
O,
TA,)
b8: صَدَعَ فُلَانًا signifies (
tropical:) He directed his course to such a one because of his generosity. (
Th,
O,
K,
TA.)
b9: صَدَعَ بِالأَمْرِ, (
K,
TA,)
aor. and
inf. n. as above, (
TA,) also signifies (assumed
tropical:) He hit, or attained, with the affair, its proper place [or object]. (
K,
TA.)
b10: and صَدَعْتُ إِلَى الشَّىْءِ, (
Az,
S,
K,)
aor. as above, (
Az,
S,)
inf. n. صُدُوعٌ, (assumed
tropical:) I inclined to the thing. (
Az,
S,
K. *)
b11: And صَدَعَهُ عَنْهُ (assumed
tropical:) He, or it, turned him away from him, or it. (
K.) One says, مَا صَدَعَكَ عَنْ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ (assumed
tropical:) What turned thee away from this affair? (
S,
O,
TA:) and some say, ما صَدَغَكَ, with the pointed غ, which is better. (
O,
TA.)
A2: See also the next paragraph.
A3: and see صَادِعٌ, last sentence.
2 صَدَّعَ see 1, in three places.
A2: [Freytag adds two other explanations of صدّع: namely, “Immisit,”
followed by an accus. and فى; taken by inference from the
Ham p. 196, l. 12 from the bottom: and “ Rupit, perdidit; ” from Reiske's additions to Golius: but both of these require consideration.]
b2: [صدّعهُ also signifies (assumed
tropical:) It affected him with headache; as though it made his head to split.] One says, صَدَّعَنِى أَزِيزُ الرَّحَى (assumed
tropical:) [The sounding of the mill-stone affected me with headache]. (A and
TA in art. از.) And صُدِّعَ,
inf. n. تَصْدِيعٌ, (assumed
tropical:) He (a man,
S) was, or became, affected with صُدَاع [or headache]; (
S,
O,
K; [see the
Kur lvi. 19;]) and ↓ صُدِعَ [without teshdeed],
pass. part. n. ↓ مَصْدُوعٌ, is allowable in poetry. (
O,
K.) 5 تصدّع, of which اِصَّدَّعَ is a var.: (
O,
K:) see 7, in four places.
b2: Also It became separated, or dispersed, or scattered. (
K.) One says, تصدّع القَوْمُ (
tropical:) The people, or party, became separated, or dispersed, or scattered. (
S,
Msb,
TA.) And تصدّعوا عَنِّى (assumed
tropical:) They became separated, &c., from me. (
TA.) يَوْمَئِذٍ يَصَّدَّعُونَ, in the
Kur [xxx. 42], means On that day they shall become separated into two parties, a party in Paradise and a party in Hell. (
Zj,
O,
TA.) and one says, تصدّع السَّحَابُ (assumed
tropical:) The clouds became [scattered, or] dissundered. (
TA.) And تَصَدَّعَتِ الأَرْضُ بِفُلَانٍ (assumed
tropical:) Such a one, fleeing, became concealed in the earth or land [as though it became cloven with him]. (
O,
K, and
Ham pp. 136 and 418.)
A2: تصدّع لَهُ: see تصدّأ, in art. صدأ.
7 انصدع [generally said of a hard thing, such as a glass vessel, and a wall, and the like of these, (see 1, first sentence,)] It became cloven, split, slit, or cracked; or, in an
intrans. sense, it clave, split, slit, or cracked;
syn. اِنْشَقَّ: (
S,
Msb,
K:) [or so as to become divided in halves: or so that it did not separate: (see again 1, first sentence:)] as also ↓ تصدّع [but
app. in an intensive sense, meaning it became cloven &c., or it clave &c., much, or in several places]. (
O,
K.) One says, البَيْضَةُ وَلَمْ تَتَفَلَّقْ ↓ تَصَدَّعَتِ [The egg cracked, or rather cracked in several places, but did not split apart]. (
Az,
S in art. قيض.) And ↓ تصدّع الثَّوْبُ The garment, or piece of cloth, became slit or rent, or much slit or rent;
i. q. اِنْصَاحَ. (
Msb in art. صيح.) And انصدعت الأَرْضُ بِالنَّبَاتِ The earth clave with, or became cloven by, the plants, or herbage; as also ↓ تصدّعت. (
TA.) and انصدع الصُّبْحُ (assumed
tropical:) The dawn broke; like انفجر, and انفلق, and انفطر. (
TA.) صَدْعٌ [originally an
inf. n.] A cleft, split, slit, or crack, (
Lth,
S,
O,
K,
TA,) [generally] in a hard thing, (
Lth,
O,
K,
TA,) such as a glass vessel, and a wall, and the like of these:
pl. صُدُوعٌ. (
TA.) Hassán says, satirizing El-Hárith Ibn-'Owf El-Murree, وَأَمَانَةُ المُرِّىِّ حَيْثُ لَقِيتَهُ مِثْلُ الزُّجَاجَةِ صَدْعُهَا لَمْ يُجْبَرِ
[And the fidelity of the Murree, where (meaning wherever) thou meetest him, is like the glass vessel, of which the crack is not repaired]. (
O,
TA.)
b2: And A part, or portion, separated, of a thing, (
O,
K,
TA,) of sheep or goats, and the like: (
TA:) an
inf. n. used as a
subst. [properly thus termed]: (
O,
K,
TA:) like خَلْقٌ in the sense of مَخْلُوقٌ, &c. (
O,
TA.)
b3: And The plants of the earth; (
K;) because they cleave it: (
TA:) [i. e.] the plants from over which the earth cleaves: so in the phrase وَالأَرْضِ ذَاتِ الصَّدْعِ, in the
Kur lxxxvi. 12: (
Bd:) or this phrase means And the earth which is cloven by the plants (
Th,
Bd,
TA) and by the springs. (
Bd.)
A2: And
i. q. إِلْبٌ: (
TA:) you say, النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِمْ صَدْعٌ وَاحِد, (
K,
TA,) and إِلْبٌ وَاحِدٌ [or أَلْبٌ وَاحِدٌ], (
TA,) The people are one company combined in hostility against them: (
K,
TA:) and in like manner وَعْلٌ واحد and ضِلَعٌ واحد: so says
Az. (
TA.)
A3: And A man light of flesh; and so ↓ صَدَعٌ, (
S,
K,) sometimes: (
S:) or of middling stature, light of flesh: (
Ks,
TA:) like the mountain-goat thus termed. (
TA.)
b2: See also صَدَعٌ.
صِدْعٌ The half of a thing that is cloven, or split, or slit, in halves. (
K, *
TA. [See also صِدْعَةٌ.]) You say, صَدَعَ الشَّىْءَ صِدْعَيْنِ He clave, or split, or slit, the thing in halves. (
TA.)
b2: And (assumed
tropical:) A company of men. (Ibn-'Abbád,
O,
K.)
b3: And (assumed
tropical:) A woman who makes a division in the state of a people and does not repair it. (Ibn-'Abbád,
O,
TA.) صَدَعٌ and ↓ صَدْعٌ, (
K,) or the former only, (
S,) applied to a mountain-goat, and a gazelle, and an ass, [
app. a wild ass,] (
S,
K,) and a camel, (
K,) Of a middling size, neither great nor small, but between the two: (
S:) or youthful and strong: [see also صَدِيعٌ:] or [in the
CK “ and ”] the former word signifies a thing of any sort between two things; between tall and short, and youthful and advanced in age, and fat and lean, and great and small. (
K.)
b2: For the former word as applied to a man: see صَدْعٌ.
b3: Also, thus applied Penetrating, sharp, or effective, in his affair. (
TA.)
A2: [It is said that] صَدَعٌ signifies also The صَدَأ [i. e. rust] of iron. (
K.) [But this seems to be a mistake, which has arisen from what here follows.] It is said that [a certain person called] El-Uskuff [which generally means “ the bishop ”], being asked by 'Omar respecting the Khaleefehs, designated [him who was afterwards] the fourth of them ['Alee] as صَدَعٌ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ, meaning [
lit.] thereby A mountain-goat of iron; using it as a hyperbolical appellation to denote his might and courage and endurance and hardness: or the phrase, as some relate it, is صَدَأٌ حَديدٌ [which may be rendered, “light or active in body ” (a meaning assigned to صَدَأٌ and صَدَعٌ, the latter of which is said to be in this sense the original), and “ sharp ”]; or صَدَأُ حَدِيدٍ [i. e.
“ rust of iron,”
app. alluding to his frequent and long-continued wearing of mail and bearing of weapons]; which last is thought by
As to be most probably correct. (
O, *
TA.) صِدْعَةٌ The half of a thing that is cloven, split, or slit, in halves; as also ↓ صَدِيعٌ. (
K. [See also صِدْعٌ.])
b2: And A [herd such as is termed] صِرْمَة of camels; (
S,
O,
K;) and so ↓ صَدِيعٌ: (
S,
O,
K: *) or,
accord. to
Az, a herd of camels amounting to sixty. (
O,
TA.) and A separate flock, or herd, of sheep or goats; as also ↓ صَدِيعٌ: (
S,
O,
K:) or, as some say, of these also, amounting to sixty: and it is said to signify also a herd of gazelles: (
TA:) and ↓ صَدِيعٌ signifies also a herd of oxen [probably meaning wild oxen]. (
O,
TA.)
b3: One says also, عَلَيْهِ صِدْعَةٌ مِنْ مَالٍ i. e. [On him lies a debt of] a small amount of property. (
TA.) صَدَعَاتٌ (
tropical:) [Divisions in opinion &c.]. One says, بَيْنَهُمْ صَدَعَاتٌ فِى الرَّأْىِ وَالهَوَى (
tropical:) Between them is division [in opinion and affection; or rather between them are divisions &c.]. (
O,
K,
TA.) And أَـ
ـصْلِحُــوا مَا فِيكُمْ مِنَ الصَّدَعَاتِ (
tropical:) [Repair ye the divisions that are among you;] i. e. become ye in a state of unity. (
O,
TA.) and إِنَّهُمْ عَلَى مَا فِيهِمْ مِنَ الصَّدَعَاتِ أَلِبَّآءُ كِرَامٌ (
tropical:) [Verily they, notwithstanding the divisions that are among them, are intelligent and generous]. (
TA.) [It is stated in the
TA, among the additions to the
K in this art., that one says also, إِنَّهُمْ عَلَى مَا تَرَى
لَكِرَامٌ ↓ مِنْ صَدَاعَتِهِمْ
app. as meaning (assumed
tropical:) Verily they, notwithstanding what thou seest of their disunion, are generous: but I think it most probable that صَدَاعَتِهِمْ is a mistranscription for صَدَعَاتِهِمْ.]
A2: [Reiske, as stated by Freytag, explains it as signifying also Camels going swiftly.]
صُدَاعٌ (assumed
tropical:) Headache: (
S,
O,
Msb,
K:)
Er-Rághib says that it is like a splitting in the head by reason of pain; and is a
metaphorical term. (
TA.) صَدِيعٌ Either half of a garment, or piece of cloth, (
O,
K,) that is slit in halves: (
O:) and a thing [شَىْءٌ
accord. to the copies of the
K, but I think that the right reading is شَىْءٍ i. e. “ of a thing,”] that is cloven, or split, or slit, in halves:
pl. صُدُعٌ. (
K.) See also صِدْعَةٌ, first sentence. It is also said to signify A [garment of the kind called] رِدَآء, that is slit in halves. (
TA.) And A new patch in an old and worn-out garment. (
O,
K.) And A garment much rent. (
TA.) and A black garment which a wailing woman wears with a white garment beneath it, and which she rends at her bosom so that the white one appears: so says
Kásim Ibn-
Thábit. (
TA.) And A garment that is worn beneath the coat of mail. (
O,
K.) And A shirt [of a middling size] between two shirts, neither large nor small. (
TA.)
b2: See also صِدْعَةٌ, second and third sentences, in three places.
b3: Accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, (
O,) applied to a mountain-goat, it signifies Youthful: and (some say, O) of middling size;
syn. مَرْبُوعُ الخَلْقِ; (
O,
K,
TA;) i. e. between two [in size]; like صَدَعٌ [
q. v.]. (
TA.)
A2: Also (assumed
tropical:) Daybreak: (
S,
O,
K:) because it cleaves the night. (
O.)
A3: And Fresh milk which is put in a place, and becomes cool, and overspread by a thin skin: (
O,
K:) so called because you skim off (تَصْدَعُ, lit.
“ cleave,”) that thin skin from the clear milk. (
O.) صَدَاعَةٌ: see a saying mentioned above,
voce صَدَعَاتٌ.
صَادِعٌ [
act. part. n. of صَدَعَ; Cleaving, splitting, &c.]
b2: [Hence,] applied to a valley, (
O,
K,) and a road, or way, (سَبِيلٌ,
O,
TA, in the
K erroneously written سَيْلٌ [a torrent],
TA, [or both may be correct,]) and a mountain, (
K,
TA, [in the
O, حَبْلٌ is put for جَبَلٌ,]) (assumed
tropical:) Extending far along the earth. (
O,
K,
TA.)
b3: And, applied to the daybreak, (assumed
tropical:) Shining, or bright;
syn. مُشْرِقٌ. (
IDrd,
O,
K.)
b4: Also (assumed
tropical:) One who decides, or judges, between, or among, a people, or party. (
TA.)
b5: A poet (قيس بن ذريح) says, فَلَمَّا بَدَا مِنْهَا الفِرَاقُ كَمَا بَدَا بِظَهْرِ الصَّفَا الصَّلْدِ الشُّقُوقُ الصَّوَادِعُ
[i. e. And when separation from her appeared, like as appear the cleaving cracks in the surface of the hard and smooth rock]: it may be that ↓ صَدَعَ is
syn. with تَصَدَّعَ in some
dial. [and that صَوَادِع is
pl. of its part.
n.]: or this may be an instance of a possessive
epithet, meaning having a cleaving. (
TA.) هُوَ أَصْدَعُهُمْ بِالصَّوَابِ فِى أَسْرَعِ جَوَابٍ (assumed
tropical:) [
app. He is the most effective of them in deciding rightly in a most quick answer]. (
TA.) مَصْدَعٌ (
tropical:) A smooth, or plain, road, in a rugged tract of ground:
pl. مَصَادِعُ. (
IDrd,
O,
K,
TA.) مِصْدَعٌ A [sort of arrow-head, or arrow, such as is termed] مِشْقَص [
q. v.]:
pl. مَصَادِعُ. (
IDrd,
O,
K.) Hence the quiver is called خَابِئَةُ المَصَادِعِ [The concealer, or guarder, of the مصادع]. (
TA.)
b2: دَلِيلٌ مِصْدَعٌ (assumed
tropical:) A guide going his way [
app. with energy]. (
TA.)
b3: And خَطِيبٌ مِصْدَعٌ (assumed
tropical:) An orator, or a preacher, perspicuous, (
O,
K,
TA,) eloquent, (
K,
TA,) and bold in speech. (
TA.) مَصْدُوعٌ: see 2, last sentence.
