عدو
فَرَسٌ عَدَوَانٌ: كَثيرُ العَدْوِ. وعَدَا عليه عَدْواً وعُدُوّاً وعَدَاءً وعُدْواناً، واعْتَدى عليه وتَعَدّى: سَواء. والعَدْوى: طَلَبُكَ إلى الوالي الإِعْداءَ على مَنْ ظَلَمَكَ. وما يُعْدِي من الجَرَبِ وغيرِه، وفي الحديث: " لا عَدْوى ".
وعَدَا طَوْرَه وتَعَدّى: تَجَاوَزَ قَدْرَه، ومنه رَأَيْتُهم ما عَدا زَيْداً. وعَدَتْ بَيْنَنا عَوَادٍ: صَرَفَتْ صَوَارِفُ، ويُقال: عَادَتْ، كأنَّها فاعَلَتْ. والعَدَاءُ والعُدَوَاءُ والعادِيَةُ: الشُّغْلُ. والعادِيَةُ: الشَّرُّ والأذى. وعَدَاءُ الطَّريْقِ وعِدَاؤه وعِدْوَتُه وعِدْوُه: ما انْقَادَ مَعَكَ من عُرْضِه.
والعِنْدَأْوَةُ: الْتِوَاءٌ وعَسَرٌ، النُّوْنُ والهَمْزَةُ زائدتانِ. وعَدِّ الهَمَّ عنكَ: اصْرِفهُ ونَحِّه.
ويُجْمَعُ العَدُوُّ على الأعْدَاء، والعِدى والعُدى والعَدِيِّ والعُدَاةِ والعَدَايا والأعادي، وهي عَدُوَّةُ اللهِ، ولا نَظِيْرَ له، كأنَّه أُلحِقَ بِــصَدِيْقَــةٍ. وعَدْوَانُ: حَيٌّ من قَيْسٍ.
والعُدْوَةُ - بضَمِّ العَيْنِ وكَسْرِها -: صَلاَبَةٌ من شَاطِئِ الوَادي. والنّاحِيَةُ من الأرْض. والعُقْدَةُ لا حَمْضَ بها، وقيل: هي الخُلَّةُ. والعَدَوِيَّةُ: صِغَارُ الشَّجَرِ تَرْعَاه الإِبِلُ. وصِغَارُ سِخَالِ الغَنَم، ويُقال: هي العَذَوِيَّةُ - بالذّال المُعْجَمَة -.
والعِدّى: ما يُجْعَلُ على القَبْر من الصُّخُورْ. والعِدْوُ: حَجَرٌ رَقِيْقٌ واسِعٌ، ويُجْمَعُ على العِدَاء. والعِدَى: كُلُّ خَشَبَةٍ تُجْعَلُ بين خَشَبَتَيْن. ورَجُلٌ عِدَىً، وقَوْمٌ عِدَىً أيضاً: بُعُدٌ عنكَ. وغُرَباءُ أيضاً، ويُقال: قَوْمٌ أعْدَاء، بهذا المعنى. والعِدَى: البُعْدُ نَفْسُه.
وعَادِيَا اللَّوْحِ: طَرَفاه. وأُمُوْرٌ عِدْوَةٌ: بَعيْدَةٌ: وعَدَّيْتُ عَدَاءً: بَعُدْتَ. وعادَيْتُه من كَذا: مَيَّزْتَه.
وَعَدِّ شَيْئاً من إِبِلكَ: اعْزِلْهُ. وعَادى بَيْنَه: وَالى. وتَعَادَوْا: ماتَ بعضُهم في أثر بعضٍ.
ومَكانٌ مُتَعَادٍ: غَيْرُ مُسْتَو، وكأنَّه من العُدَوَاءِ: المَكانِ غيرِ المُسْتَوي. وهو الاناخَةُ القَليلةُ. والأرضُ الصُّلْبَةُ، أيضاً. وإِبلٌ عادِيَةٌ وعَوَادٍ: لا تَرْعى الحَمْضَ. والعَدِيُّ: الجَمَاعَةُ - بِلُغَةِ هُذَيْلٍ -. وهي الرَّجّالَةُ يَتَقَدَّمون الجَيْشَ أيضاً: ولا تَعَدّى من الأمْرِ شيئاً: أي لا تُغْني. والعَوَادِيُّ من الكَرْم: ما يُغْرَسُ في أُصُوْلِ الشَّجَرِ العِظَام الظَّلِيْلَة، ويُنْسَبُ إِليها فيُقال: عَادِيَّةُ العَنَمَةِ والعَرْعَرَةِ، ولا يُسَمّى الحَبَلَةَ. وأعْدَاه على كَذا: أعَانَه. والعِدَى: جَمْعُ العِدَةِ وهي الوَعْدُ، وهذا نادِرٌ من المَقْلُوْب. وعُدَيَّةُ: اسْمُ قَبيلةٍ. وهَضَبَة، أيضاً.
ويُقال: كَتَبَ المُصَدِّقُ عَلَيَّ عَدَاءً كثيراً: أي تَعَدّى الفَريضَةَ وأخَذَ فَوْقَ حَقَّه.
ابنُ الأعْرابيِّ: قالوا مَعْدِي كَرِبَ لأنَّه عَدِيُّ الفَسَادِ، والكَرِبُ: الفسادُ. فأمّا قَوْلُ ابنِ مُقْبِل:
مَعْدى القِلادَةِ من رَبْوٍ ولا بُهُرِ
فأرادَ به: إلاّ القِلادَةَ، وكأنَّه: ما عَدا القِلادَةَ، فأدْرَجَ الألفَ. وشَيْءٌ عادِيٌّ: قَدِيْمٌ، كالمجْدِ وغيرِه.

(ع د و) : (الْعَدْوُ) السُّرْعَةُ وَفَرَسٌ عَدَّاءٌ عَلَى فَعَّالٍ (وَبِهِ) سُمِّيَ الْعَدَّاءُ الَّذِي كَتَبَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ - الْكِتَابَ الْمَشْهُورَ وَهُوَ «بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ هَذَا مَا اشْتَرَى الْعَدَّاءُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ هَوْذَةَ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ اشْتَرَى مِنْهُ عَبْدًا أَوْ أَمَةً شَكَّ الرَّاوِي لَا دَاءَ
وَلَا غَائِلَةَ وَلَا خِبْثَةَ» بَيْعَ الْمُسْلِمِ لِلْمُسْلِمِ قَالَ الْمُصَنِّفُ الْمُشْتَرِي الْعَدَّاءُ لَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ - هَكَذَا قَرَأْتُهُ فِي الْفَائِقِ وَهَكَذَا أُثْبِتَ فِي مُشْكِلِ الْآثَارِ وَنَفْيِ الِارْتِيَابِ وَمُعْجَمِ الطَّبَرَانِيِّ وَمَعْرِفَة الصَّحَابَةِ لِابْنِ مَنْدَهْ وَمَعْرِفَةِ الصَّحَابَةِ لِلدَّغُولِيِّ وَهَكَذَا فِي الْفِرْدَوْسِ أَيْضًا بِطُرُقٍ كَثِيرَةٍ وَفِي شُرُوط الْخَصَّافِ وَشُرُوطِ الطَّحَاوِيِّ بِتَعْلِيقِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الرَّازِيِّ أَنَّ الْمُشْتَرِيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَتَابَعَهُمَا فِي ذَلِكَ الْحَاكِمُ السَّمَرْقَنْدِيُّ وَالْأَوَّلُ هُوَ الصَّحِيحُ وَلَيْسَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِمَّا رَوَيْتُ وَرَأَيْتُ وَلَا عَيْبَ وَلَا لَفْظَةُ فِيهِ (قَالُوا) الدَّاءُ كُلُّ عَيْبٍ بَاطِنٍ ظَهَرَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ أَوْ لَا وَهُوَ مِثْلُ وَجَعِ الطِّحَالِ وَالْكَبِدِ وَالسُّعَالِ وَكَذَا وَكَذَا وَالْجُذَامِ وَهُوَ مَا يَبْدُو فِي الْأَعْضَاءِ مِنْ الْقُرُوحِ وَالْبَرَصِ وَهُوَ الْبَيَاضُ فِي ظَاهِرِ الْجِلْدِ وَرِيحِ الرَّحِمِ وَهِيَ عَلَى مَا زَعَمَ الْأَطِبَّاءُ مَادَّةٌ نَفَّاخَةٌ فِيهَا بِسَبَبِ اجْتِمَاعِ الرُّطُوبَاتِ اللَّزِجَةِ (وَالْغَائِلَةُ) الْإِبَاقُ وَالْفُجُورُ (وَالْخِبْثَةُ) أَنْ يَكُونَ مَسْبِيًّا مِنْ قَوْمٍ لَهُمْ عَهْدٌ (وَالْكَيَّةُ) لَيْسَتْ بِدَاءٍ وَلَا غَائِلَةٍ وَلَكِنَّهَا عَيْبٌ (وَعَدَاهُ) جَاوَزَهُ (وَمِنْهُ) اتَّجِرْ فِي الْبَزِّ وَلَا تَعْدُ إلَى غَيْرِهِ أَيْ لَا تُجَاوِزْ الْبَزَّ (وَعَدَا عَلَيْهِ) جَاوَزَ الْحَدَّ فِي الظُّلْمِ عَدْوًا وَعَدَاءً بِالْفَتْحِ وَالْمَدِّ (وَمِنْهُ) وَصْفُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - السَّبُعَ بِالْعَدَّاءِ فَقَالَ السَّبُعُ الْعَادِيُّ (وَفِي حَدِيثِ) عُثْمَانَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - أَنَّ أَعْرَابِيًّا قَالَ لَهُ إنَّ بَنِي عَمِّكَ عَدَوْا عَلَى إبِلِي (وَاسْتَعْدَى) فُلَانٌ الْأَمِيرَ عَلَى مَنْ ظَلَمَهُ أَيْ اسْتَعَانَ بِهِ فَأَعْدَاهُ عَلَيْهِ أَيْ أَعَانَهُ عَلَيْهِ وَنَصَرَهُ (وَمِنْهُ) فَمَنْ رَجُلٌ يُعْدِينِي أَيْ يَنْصُرُنِي وَيُعِينُنِي (وَالِاسْتِعْدَاءُ) طَلَبُ الْمَعُونَةِ وَالِانْتِقَامِ وَالْمَعُونَةُ نَفْسُهَا أَيْضًا (وَمِنْهَا) قَوْلُهُ رَجُلٌ ادَّعَى عَلَى رَجُلٍ عِنْدَ الْقَاضِي وَأَرَادَ عَنْهُ عَدْوَى أَيْ عَنْ الْقَاضِي نُصْرَةً وَمَعُونَةً عَلَى إحْضَارِ الْخَصْمِ فَإِنَّهُ يُعْدِيهِ أَيْ يَسْمَعُ كَلَامَهُ وَيَأْمُرُ بِإِحْضَارِ خَصْمِهِ وَكَذَا مَا رُوِيَ أَنَّ امْرَأَةَ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ اسْتَعْدَتْ فَأَعْطَاهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ - هَدَبَةً مِنْ ثَوْبِهِ كَهَيْئَةِ الْعَدْوَى أَيْ كَمَا يُعْطِي الْقَاضِي الْخَاتَمَ أَوْ الطِّينَةَ لِتَكُونَ عَلَامَةً فِي إحْضَارِ الْمَطْلُوبِ
وَأَمَّا قَوْلُ مُحَمَّدٍ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - وَلَوْ سُبِيَتْ امْرَأَةٌ بِالْمَشْرِقِ فَعَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَغْرِبِ اسْتِعْدَاؤُهَا مَا لَمْ تَدْخُلْ دَارَ الْحَرْبِ فَفِيهِ نَظَرٌ.

عدو: عدا إلى أو في، عدا إليه أو فيه المرض: أعداه بالدواء والمرض. انتقل إليه المرض، وأصابه بالعدوى (بوشر).
عدا: أخفق، خاب نقص، أعوز، ففي الحديث عن أحد السقاة مثلاً: لم يَعْدُ المُنى، أي لم يخفق في تحقيق مناه. (المقري 1: 662) وأنظر تعليقة فليشر على هذه العبارة (بريشت من 216) حيث نجد فيه أمثلة مثل: لا عَدَى حَظَّك إقبال. أي لا ينقص النجاح حظّك. ويقال في الكلام عن الدراهم: عداه طالِبٌ. أي أخفق في أن يجد له طالباً. وأضيف إلى ذلك ما جاء في كليلة ودمنة (ص30): ما عدوتَ الذي في نفسي. أي لم تجاوز ما أراه فيك، يعني لم تكذب رأيي في عقلك وحكمتك وفي الأغاني (ص51): ما عدا صِفتَي وصفةُ (وصِفَةَ) ابن سريج. يريد أن يقول أن أمير المؤمنين لم يخطئ في التمييز بين موهبتي وموهبة ابن سريج.
وفي الكامل (ص119): فلما نهض (عبد الله بن يزيد أبو خالد القسري قال له عبد الملك يوما ما مالك؟ فلم يخبره) فقيل له: هلا خبرته بمقدار مالك؟ فقال: لم يَعْدُ أن يكون قليلاً فيحرقني أو كثيراً فيحسدني. أي لم يجاوز أن يكون قليلاً فيحقرني أو كثير فيحسدني.
عدا على: اجتاح، طغى على. يقال عدا الرمل على (معجم الادريسي).
عدا على فلان ب: اغتنم الفرصة ليغيضه ويهينه ب (تاريخ البربر 1: 431).
عَدَّى: عبر (بوشر) ويقال مثلاً عدّى النهر.
ففي الادريسي (الباب الخامس الفصل الرابع): بعد تعدية نهر. وفيه: وهو نهر كبير يعدى بالقوارب. ومنه قيل: مركب تعدية= معدية أي معبر (معجم ابن جبير).
عَدَّى الحدود: تجاوز الحد، تعدّى (بوشر) وحاول عبور نهر، ففي ملّر (نصوص من ابن الخطيب 1863، 2: 85).
ولما التقى الجمعان فرّ فراره ... ولكنهّ عَدَّى فقيده النهُر
عَدَّى على: مرّ من مكان وجاوز (بوشر).
عدَّى: ارتد، انعكس، أرتد من نقطة إلى أخرى.
ويقال عَّدى من والي: ارتده، ورُد ودفع من جسم إلى آخر. (بوشر).
عَدَّى: انصرف، جاوز، حاد عن، ترك، تخلَّى من، غادر، هجر، وكان علي لين (مادة عدا) أن لا يشك في عبارة المصباح. (انظر معجم مسلم).
عَدَّى عن: كفّ عن، تخلَّى عن، تحوّل عن، ترك، انفصل عن. تنازل عن حقه، أفلت، أهمل، عدل عن، أقلع عن، (بوشر).
عَدَّى عن: ترك، أغفل، أهمل، حذف، أسقط. ومرّ، قطع، عبر، جاز، انتقل. ولم يتكلم عن (بوشر).
عَدَّى: أفسد ما بين الأصدقاء الذين كانوا يعيشون في سلام وصفاء. (فوك، الكالا).
عَدَّى: انتكر، رفض، جحد ولم يوافق، وسخط، غضب، اغتاظ، تنازع (الكالا).
مُعَدِّى: مضاد، معاكس، مخالف، معاد، خصم، عدوّ. (فوك).
أعدى: (انظر معجم مسلم) غير أن هناك كثير مما يقال عن كتابة هذه الكلمة ومعنى البيت الذي نقل فيه. وقال السيد دي غويه إنه يترجم الآن الفعل أعدى بما معناه: نقل إلى، أوصل، وابلغ، أخبر، أفاد.
تَعَدَّى: لمعرفة استعمال هذا الفعل انظر رحلة ابن بطوطة (1: 35) ففيها: كانوا يظنوُّن أن القضاء لا يتعداه. أي لا يتجاوزه ليصبح قاضياً.
تَعَدىَّ: في ويجرز (ص20) حيث الكلام عن شعر ابن زيدون: لا تَعَدَّى به الرؤساء والملوك. ولم يفهم الناشر هذه الجملة. وهي تعني كما يقول دي ساسي في جريدة الجنوب: قد خصّ شعره بالأمراء والملوك لا يتجاوزهم إلى غيرهم.
تعدَّى: جاب، طاف، ساح، (هلو).
تعدَّى: اجتاز، جاز، قطع، عبر. (ابن بطوطة 1: 50).
تعدَّى إلى فلان ب: قدم له شيئاً. أهدى له شيئاً. (عباد 1: 313).
تعدّى: اختلف معه. (فوك، الكالا).
انعدى. انعدى من فلان: انتقل إليه المرض منه، انتقلت إليه العدوى منه. (بوشر).
ويقال أيضاً: انعدى من مرض أحد.
انعداء. عدوى، انتقال المرض من شخص إلى آخر. (هلو).
اعتدى على: اجتاح، اكتسح، يقال: اعتدت الرمال على. (معجم الادريسي).
اعتدا: في المعجم اللاتيني العربي contagium عِلّة واعْترا وتدنس. غير أني أرى أن الصواب اعتدا.
اعتدى: بمعنى استعدى أي استعان واستنصر. (المقري 2: 247) وانظر: إضافات.
أستعدي: ويقال أيضاً: استعدى بفلان: استعان به واستنصره. (المقري 2: 358).
عَدْو: سفْلِس، زهري (شيرب).
عَدْوَة: فسرت في ديوان الهذليين (ص13).
البيت الخامس. بحَمْلة كجِرْية السيل. وفي (ص224) منها: عَدْوَتي وعادتي وغارتي واحد.
عَدْوَة: عدوى، ومرض ذو عدوة: مرض معدٍ (بوشر).
عَدَّوَة، وعِدْوة، في معجم فوك: بَرَ عِدْوَة وبر العِدْوَة أي جانب الوادي، وليس عَدْوَة كما في معجم فريتاج.
عَدْوَة: ذكرت في ديوان الهذليين (ص139 البيت الثاني).
عِدْوِى: ما وراء (فوك). وعِدْوِي نسبة إلى عِدْوة في قولهم بَرّ العِدْوة أي ما وراء البحر وهو الذي يصدر من شمال إفريقية. ويذكر الكالا، صُوف عدْوِى: صوف بني مرين (مرينوس) وضائنة الصوف العدوى: الغنم التي يجز منها هذا الصوف، وكان الأسبان قد استوردوا هذا النوع الجيد من الغنم من أفريقية. ولا تزال هذه الأغنام موجودة عند كثير من قبائل الجزائر. وقد سمي باسم قبيلة بني مرين التي تسكن الآن في أرباض تلمسان. (انظر: دفيك ص162 مادة مرينوس).
ولا تزال كلمة صوف عدوى مستعملة في تطوان وتعني عندهم مرينوس أي صوف بني مرين فيما يقول ليرشندي.
عُدْوان: اعتداء، تعدّ (بوشر).
عُدوان: انظر باين سميث (1205) تجد فيه: العدوان مع فرم خزائن وغيرها. والعدوان مع الافاريز، الاستدارات، الاسطامات .. الخ.
عَدَاويّ: عُدْواني. عِدائي (بوشر).
عَدَاوِية: عدوّ. وهي كلمة عامية (المقدمة 3: 369).
عَدَّاء: شديد الظلم، شديد البغي (الأغاني ص41= بدرون ص252).
عادية: رغبة في إلحاق الضرر بشخص، وإصابته بأذى. (معجم الادريسي).
تَعْدِيَة: تعدّ، تطاول، اغتصاب، أخذ الشيء غصباً وقسراً (بوشر).
تَعْدِيَة: بعنف، وتعدّى الشريعة ومخالفتها (بوشر).
تعدية الأوامر: خروج على القانون. نقض العقد أو الاتفاق (بوشر).
تعدية: عُدوان، عداوة، عمل عدواني (بوشر).
تعدية في الحرب: هجوم، مهاجمة (بوشر).
مُعْدٍ. ربان زورق ينقل الناس ويعبرهم من ضفة إلى أخرى (ألف ليلة 2: 574).
مَعْدِيَة وجمعها معاد قارب، مركب، صندل كبير أو صغير، يستخدم لعبور الناس والحيوانات، مُعْدِيّة. (مملوك 2، 1: 156).
معدية: طوْف، رمث (مملوك (2، 1: 156) مَعْدِيَة: قارب، مركب صغير، سفينة نقل. سفينة كبيرة لنقل البريد. (بوشر).
مَعْدِيَة: مخاضة، مجازة، معبر. (صفة مصر 11: 184، ديسكرياك ص259).
مَعْدَاويّ: نوتي، ربان زورق. (بوشر).

عدو

1 عَدَاهُ, (Mgh, K,) first Pers\. عَدَوْتُهُ, (Msb,) aor. ـْ (Mgh, Msb,) [inf. n. عَدْوٌ,] He passed from it, (Mgh, Msb, K,) namely, a thing, or an affair, (K,) to another, (Mgh, Msb,) and left it; (K;) and عَدَا عَنْهُ signifies the same; (K;) as also ↓ تعدّاه; (S, * K;) and in like manner one says, ↓ عَدَّيْتُهُ, inf. n. تَعْدِيَةٌ; (Msb;) [but I do not find this elsewhere, and think that correctly one should say, عَنْهُ ↓ عَدَّيْتُ; agreeably with what here follows:] the saying عَنْ هٰذَا ↓ عَدِّ means Leave thou this, and turn from it to another; and is app. from the phrase هَمَّكَ ↓ عَدِّ

إِلَى غَيْرِهِ [Turn thy anxiety to other than him, or it]; the objective complement being altogether left out, so that the verb becomes as though it were intrans.; and there are many instances similar to this in the language: (Har p. 478:) one says, عَنِّى الهَمَّ ↓ عَدَّيْتُ I turned away from me anxiety: and [hence] you say to him who has pursued you, عَنِّى إِلَى غَيْرِى ↓ عَدِّ, meaning Turn thou the beast upon which thou art riding towards other than me: (TA:) and عَمَّا تَرَى ↓ عَدِّ, meaning Turn thou thine eye from what thou seest. (S.) [See an ex. of the first of these verbs in the Ham p. 125.] One says also, عَدَاهُ الأَمْرُ and ↓ تعدّاهُ The thing, or affair, passed from him. (TA. [See an ex. in the first paragraph of art. عدم.]) And the Arabs say, إِنَّ الجَرَبَ لَيَعْدُو, meaning Verily the mange, or scab, passes from him that has it to him that is near to him so that the latter becomes mangy, or scabby. (Msb.) And مَا عَدَا فُلَانٌ أَنْ صَنَعَ [app. meaning Such a one did not leave, or, accord. to an explanation of the verb in a similar phrase in Har p. 333, did not delay, his doing such a thing]. (S.) Accord. to Er-Rághib, العَدْوُ primarily signifies Transition; [whence what here precedes;] or the going, or passing, beyond, or the exceeding, a limit, or the usual limit: and incompatibility to coalesce. (TA.) b2: And [hence,] عَدَاهُ, aor. as above, [inf. n. عَدْوٌ,] He went, or passed, beyond it; exceeded it; or transgressed it. (S, TA. *) So in the saying عَدَا طَوْرَهُ [He went, or passed, beyond his proper limit; exceeded it; or transgressed it]: and in like manner, الحَقَّ ↓ تعدّى and ↓ اعتداهُ signify He went, or passed, beyond, &c., what was true, or right; and so عَنِ الحَقِّ, and فَوْقَ الحَقِّ. (TA.) أَمَا عَدَا مَنْ بَدَا, a saying in which the vulgar erroneously omit the interrogative أ, means Does not he transgress that which is right who begins by acting injuriously? (TA.) And it is said عَدَا القَارِصُ فَحَرَزَ (tropical:) What was biting to the tongue attained to an excessive degree, so that it became acid: meaning that the affair, or case, became distressing. (S in art. قرص.) b3: And عَدَا عَلَيْهِ, inf. n. عَدْوٌ and عَدَآءٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and عُدُوٌّ (S, Msb, K) and عُدْوَانٌ (ISd, Msb, K) and عِدْوَانٌ (ISd, K) and عُدْوَى; (K;) and ↓ تعدّى, and ↓ اعتدى; (S, Msb, K;) He acted wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically, against him; (S, Msb, K;) and transgressed against him, or exceeded the proper limit against him: (S, Msb:) [and he acted aggressively against him; agreeably with an explanation of the inf. n. of the last of these verbs in what follows: (see an ex. in a verse cited voce رِيحٌ:)] or he acted with excessive wrongfulness, &c., against him: (Mgh:) and ↓ اعدى signifies the same as the other verbs here mentioned; (K, TA;) whence (TA) one says, فِى مَنْطِقِكَ ↓ أَعْدَيْتَ Thou hast deviated from that which is right in thy speech: (S, TA:) ↓ الاِعْتِدَآءُ is the exceeding what is right; and it is sometimes in the way of aggression; and sometimes in the way of requital; and instances of the usage of its verb in both of these manners occur in the Kur ii. 190: (Er-Rághib, TA:) the first and third of the inf. ns. of عَدَا, mentioned above, occur in the Kur vi.108 accord. to different readings: (S, TA:) and [it is said that] العُدْوَانُ signifies sheer, or unmixed, wrongful or unjust or injurious or tyrannical conduct: (S:) or, as some say, the worst of [such conduct, i. e., of] الاِعْتِدَآء, in strength, or deed, or state or condition. (TA.) b4: And عَدَا عَلَيْهِ He acted corruptly towards him. (TA.) b5: And عُدِىَ عَلَيْهِ He had his property stolen, and was wronged. (TA.) And عَدَا عَلَى القُمَاشِ, inf. n. عَدَآءٌ [said in the TA to be like سَحَابٌ, but in the CK عَدًا,] and عُدْوَانٌ and عَدَوَانٌ, (K, TA,) but in the M written with damm and fet-h [i. e. عُدْوَان and عَدْوَان], (TA,) said of a thief, He stole the قماش [meaning goods, or utensils and furniture]. (K, TA.) And عَدَا فِى ظَهْرِهِ He stole what was behind him: (A in art. ظهر:) [or he acted wrongfully in respect of what was behind him: for] لِصٌّ عَادِى ظَهْرٍ is expl. by the words عَدَا فِى ظَهْرٍ فَسَرَقَهُ [so that it app. meansA thief who has acted wrongfully in respect of what was behind one, and stolen it]. (O and K in that art.) b6: And عَدَا عَلَيْهِ, (K, TA,) inf. n. عَدْوٌ, (TA,) signifies also He leaped upon him, or it. (K, TA.) b7: And عَدَا, (K,) or عَدَا فِى

مَشْيِهِ, (Msb,) aor. ـْ (Msb, K,) inf. n. عَدْوٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and عَدًا and عُدُوٌّ and عَدَوَانٌ and تَعْدَآءٌ, (K,) signifies أَحْضَرَ [i. e. He ran; or rose in his running]; (S, * K, TA;) said of a man and of a horse: (TA:) or he went a pace nearly the same as that termed هَرْوَلَةٌ, (Msb, TA,) not so quick, (TA,) or which is not so quick, (Msb,) as that termed جَرْىٌ: (Msb, TA:) or he went a pace less quick than شَدٌّ and more so than مَشْىٌ: (TA in art. سعى:) or [he went quickly, or swiftly; for] العَدْوُ signifies السُّرْعَةُ: (Mgh:) [or rather he ran, whether gently or moderately or vehemently: that it often signifies he ran vehemently is shown by the prov. مِنْ سُلَيْكٍ ↓ أَعْدَى

More vehement in running than Suleyk, who is said to have outstripped fleet horses; and by numerous exs.:] and ↓ عّى signifies the same as عَدَا, denoting a quick pace. (TA in art. هبص.) b8: And [hence, perhaps,] عَدَا المَآءُ, aor. ـْ (assumed tropical:) The water ran. (TA.) A2: عَدَاهُ عَنِ الأَمْرِ, (S, K,) inf. n. عَدْوٌ and عُدْوَانٌ; as also ↓ عدّاهُ; (K;) signifies He, or it, diverted him; or turned him away, or back; (S, K;) and occupied him so as to divert him; (K;) from the thing, or affair. (S, K.) You say, عَدَتْ عَوَادٍ. (S, TA. See عَادِيَةٌ, voce عُدَوَآءُ: and see also the last sentence of the first paragraph of art. عود.) b2: عَدَانِى مِنْهُ شَرٌّ means بَلَغَنِى [i. e., app., Evil, or mischief, reached me from him, or it]. (TA. [See a signi-fication of 4.]) A3: عَدِيتُ لَهُ signifies I hated him, or it. (ISd, K.) A4: عَدَا is also a verb by which one makes an exception, with مَا [preceding it] and without مَا: (S, K:) you say, جَآءَنِى القَوْمُ مَا عَدَا زَيْدًا [The people, or party, came to me, except Zeyd]; and جَاؤُونِى عَدَا زَيْدًا [which means the like]; putting what follows it in the accus. case; the agent being implied in it: (S: [see this expl. in what has been said of خَلَا as used in the same manner:]) accord. to MF, it is a verb when what follows it is put in the accus. case; and when what follows it is put in the gen. case, it is a particle, by common consent: (TA: [and the like is said in the Mughnee; i. e., that it is similar to خَلَا in respect of the explanations there given of the different usages of this latter; but that Sb did not know it to have been used otherwise than as having the quality of a verb:]) one says, رَأَيْتُهُمْ عَدَا أَخَاكَ and مَا عَدَاهُ, meaning مَا خَلَا [i. e. I saw them, except thy brother]: and sometimes it governs the gen. case without ما: thus in the M: Az says, [as though regarding it as only a particle,] when you suppress [ما], you make it to govern the accus. case as meaning إِلَّا and you make it to govern the gen. case as meaning سِوَى. (TA.2 عداهٌ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَعْدِيَةٌ, (K,) He made him, or it, to pass [from a thing, or an affair, to another: see 1, first sentence]: (S, K:) and he made it to pass through, and go beyond; syn. أَنْفَذَهُ. (K.) b2: Hence تَعْدِيَةُ الفِعْلِ, a phrase of the grammarians, [generally meaning (assumed tropical:) The making the verb transitive,] as in خَرَجَ زَيْدٌ فَأَخْرَجْتُهُ [Zeyd went forth and I made him to go forth]. (TA.) b3: See also 1, first quarter, in seven places: b4: and again, in the latter half, in two places.3 عاداهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. مُعَادَاةٌ, (S, K, TA,) [He treated him, or regarded him, with enmity, or hostility:] the verb in this phrase is that of which the epithet is عَدُوٌّ, and the subst. is عَدَاوَةٌ. (K, TA.) [It is perhaps from one of the three phrases next following]. b2: عادى الشَّىْءَ signifies He was, or became, distant, or aloof, from the thing; or he made the thing to be, or become, distant, or aloof; syn. بَاعَدَهُ. (TA.) And you say, فُلَانٌ لَا يُعَادِينِى وَلَا يُوَادِينِى, meaning لَا يُجَافِينِى وَلَا يُوَاتِينِى [app. Such a one will not make me to be, or become, remote, or aloof, from him, nor will he comply with me: but لَا يُوَادِينِى properly signifies he will not take from me the دِيَة, or bloodwit]. (TA.) And عَادِ رِجْلَكَ عَنِ الأَرْضِ Draw away thy leg, or foot, from the ground. (TA.) And عَادَى الأَدَاةَ عَنِ البَعِيرِ He raised [partially] the furniture (consisting of the saddle and saddle-cloth) from contact with the camel [so as to render it bearable by him]. (ISh, TA in art. غلق.) b3: عادى شَعَرَهُ He took [somewhat] from his hair: or he raised it, (K, TA,) in washing it: or he neglected it, and did not oil it, or anoint it: or he subjected it time after time to the purification termed وُضُوع, and to washing. (TA.) b4: عادى الوِسَادَةَ He folded the pillow. (TA.) b5: عادى القِدْرَ He lowered one of the three stones upon which the cooking-pot rested, in order that it (the pot) might incline upon the fire. (TA.) b6: عادى بَيْنَ الصَّيْدَينِ, (S, * K,) inf. n. عِدَآءٌ (S, K) and مُعَادَاةٌ, (K,) He made a succession, of one to the other, between the two animals of the chase, (S, K,) by throwing down one of them immediately after the other, (S,) in one طَلَق [or heat]. (S, K.) Imra-el-Keys says, [describing a horse,] فَعَادَى عِدَآءً بَيْنَ ثَوْرٍ وَنَعْجَةٍ

دِرَاكًا وَلَمْ يَنْضَحْ بِمَآءٍ فَيُغْسَلِ [And he made a succession, of one to the other, between a wild bull and a wild cow, by running down one after the other in a single heat, overtaking uninterruptedly, and not breaking out with water (i. e. sweat) so as to become suffused therewith]. (S. [See EM p. 49.]) In like manner also المُعَادَاةُ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ means The piercing, or thrusting, two men, one after the other, uninterruptedly. (TA.) b7: And عَادَيْتُهُ [sometimes] signifies I vied, or contended, with him in running; i. q. حَاضَرْتُهُ, from الحُضْرُ. (A in art. حضر.) 4 اعدى الأَمْرَ He passed from, or beyond, another, to the thing, or affair: so in the K. (TA.) But in the M it is said, اعداهُ الدَّآءُ signifies The disease passed from another to him. (TA.) And one says أَعْدَى فُلَانٌ فُلَانًا مِنْ خُلُقِهِ, or مِنْ عِلَّةٍ بِهِ, or جَرَبٍ, (S, TA,) i. e. Such a one made somewhat of his natural disposition, or of a disease, or malady, that was in him, or of mange, or scab, to pass [from him] to such a one; [or infected him therewith; (see two exs., in a verse and a hemistich, cited in the first paragraph of art. جنى;)] and اعداهُ بِهِ signifies the same: and اعدى صَاحِبَهُ He made his companion to acquire the like of what was in him. (TA.) And يُعْدِى is said of the mange, or scab, &c., meaning It passes from him that has it to another; (S, K;) and in like manner one says of a disease, ↓ يتعدّى: (Nh, TA:) but it is said in an explanation of a trad., لَا يُعْدِى شَىْءٌ شَيْئًا [i. e. A thing (meaning disease) does not pass by its own agency to a thing]. (S, TA.) [Therefore] one says, of the mange, or scab, [or the like,] اعداهُ اللّٰهُ God made it to pass from him that had it to one that was near to him, so that he became affected therewith. (Msb.) b2: One says also, of a man, قَدْ أَعْدَى النَّاسَ بِشَرٍّ He has made evil, or mischief, to cleave to men. (TA.) A2: See also 1, near the middle, in two places.

A3: اعداهُ عَلَيْهِ He aided, or assisted, him, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and strengthened him, (K,) against him; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) and avenged him of him; (S, Msb;) namely, one who had wronged him. (S, Mgh, Msb.) and اعداهُ He (a judge) heard his accusation against another, and commanded to bring his adversary. (Mgh.) A4: اعداهُ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) namely, a horse, (S, TA,) and also a man, (TA,) [He made him to run, whether gently or moderately or vehemently: or, as sometimes used,] he made him, (K, TA,) or desired him, (S,) to go the pace termed حُضْر: (S, K, TA:) or he made him to go a pace nearly the same as that termed هَرْوَلَة, (Msb, TA,) not so quick, (TA,) or which is not so quick, (Msb,) as that termed جَرْى: (Msb, TA: [see 1, latter half:]) and ↓ استعداهُ signifies the same. (S.) 5 تَعَدَّوَ see 1, first quarter, in two places: and see 4. b2: [Hence تعدّى said of a verb, It was, or became, transitive.] b3: تعدّى الحَقَّ: and تعدّى

عَلَيْهِ: see 1, second quarter, in two places.

A2: تَعَدَّوْا They found milk, (K, TA,) which they drank, (TA,) and it rendered them in no need of wine: (K, TA:) so in the copies of the K; but correctly, of flesh-meat, as in the M. (TA.) b2: And They found pasturage for their cattle, and it rendered them in no need of purchasing fodder. (K, * TA.) A3: And تعدّى مَهْرَ فُلَانَةَ He took, or received, the dowry, or bridal gift, of such a woman. (K.) 6 تعادى القَوْمُ The people, or party, became affected, [or infected,] or smitten, (S, TA,) one with the disease of another, or one with the like of the disease of another: (S:) or died, one after another, (S, TA,) in one month, and in one year. (TA.) And تعادت الإِبِلُ The camels died in great numbers. (TA.) b2: And تعادى القَوْمُ عَلَىَّ بِنَصْرِهِمْ The people, or party, came upon me consecutively with their aid, or assistance. (TA.) b3: One says also, تعادى القَوْمُ (S, K) from العَدَاوَةُ (S) meaning The people, or party, treated, or regarded, one another with enmity, or hostility. (K.) b4: And تعادى مَا بَيْنَهُمْ (S, K) The case, or affair, that was between them became in a bad, or corrupt, state, (S,) or complicated, intricate, or confused, so as to be a subject of disagreement, or difference, between them. (K.) b5: And تعادى المَكَانُ The place was, or became, dissimilar in its several parts; and uneven. (TA.) and [hence] one says, بِعُنُقِى وَجَعٌ مِنْ تَعَادِى الوِسَادِ مِنَ المَكَانِ المُتَعَادِى i. e. [In my neck is a pain from the unevenness of the pillow from] the uneven place. (TA.) b6: And تعادى He, or it, was, or became, distant, remote, far off, or aloof, (S, * K, * TA,) عَنْهُ from him, or it. (S, TA.) A2: تعادوا They vied, competed, or contended for superiority, in going the pace termed العَدْو [meaning in running]. (K, TA.) 8 إِعْتَدَوَ see 1, second quarter, in three places. b2: الاِعْتِدَآءُ in supplication [to God] is The exceeding the limits of the [Prophet's] rule, or usage, that has been transmitted from generation to generation. (TA.) 10 الاِسْتِعْدَآءُ signifies The asking, or demanding, of aid, or assistance, (Mgh, Msb,) and of vengeance, or avengement, (Mgh,) and of strengthening: (Msb:) and also the act of aiding, or assisting. (Mgh.) You say, استعداهُ He asked, or demanded, of him (i. e. the prince, or governor, or commander, S, Mgh, Msb) aid, or assistance, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) عَلَيْهِ against him, (S, Mgh, Msb,) namely, one who wronged him: (Mgh, Msb:) [or,] accord. to El-Khuwárezmee (who derives it from العَدِىُّ signifying الرَّجَّالَةُ الَّذِينَ يَعْدُونَ), استعدى [or استعدى القَاضِىَ] means he asked, or demanded, of the judge, that he should make his foot-messengers to run in quest of his antagonist and to bring him, for the purpose of exacting from him his right, or due. (De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., iii. 100. [and an explanation similar to this, but not a similar derivation, is indicated in the Mgh by an explanation of أَعْدَاهُ, q. v.]) b2: See also 4, last sentence.

عَدَا, as a verb, or a preposition, or both, denoting an exception: see 1, last sentence.

عَدْوٌ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.] b2: فَعَلَ كَذَا عَدْوًا بَدْوًا means He did thus openly, or publicly. (TA.) عِدْوٌ: see عِدًى: b2: and see also عَدَآءٌ.

عَدًى [or عَدًا]: see عُدْوَةٌ, in two places: and عَادٍ, last sentence.

عُدًى: see the next paragraph.

A2: [It is also a pl. of عَدُوٌّ, q. v.]

عِدًى The stones of a grave; as also ↓ عُدًى: (KL:) [i. e.] the broad stones with which the [oblong excavation called] لَحْد is covered over: (AA, TA:) or a thin stone with which a thing is concealed, or covered over; as also ↓ عِدَآءٌ; (K, TA;) the latter written in [a copy of] the M ↓ عَدَاءٌ, like سَحَابٌ; but [the former explanation seems to be the more correct, for] it is added in the K that one thereof is termed ↓ عِدْوٌ; and accord. to this, the word expl. above [or each of the two words expl. above] is a pl. (TA. [See also عِدْوَةٌ.]) b2: And Any piece of wood that is put between two [other] pieces of wood. (K, * TA.) A2: See also عُدْوَةٌ, in two places: and عَادٍ, last sentence: b2: and عُدَوَآءُ: b3: and عَدَآءٌ.

A3: [It is also a pl. of عَدُوٌّ, which see in two places.

A4: ] And عِدَى is used as a prefixed n. for عِدَة as syn. with وَعْد. (Fr; S and L in art. وعد, q. v.) عَدْوَةٌ [inf. n. un. of عَدَا: pl. عَدَوَاتٌ. b2: Hence the saying, السُّلْطَانُ ذُو عَدَوَاتٍ وَذُو بَدَوَاتٍ, expl. voce بَدَآءٌ, in art. بدو. See another reading of this saying voce عَدَوَانٌ.] b3: [Hence also,] one says, لَهُ عَدْوَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ He has a vehement run of the kind termed عَدْو, inf. n. of عَدَا. (Msb) b4: عَدْوَةُ الأَمَدِ means The extent of the eyesight. (TA.) And one says, هُوَ مِنِّى عَدْوَةَ القَوْسِ [app. meaning He, or it, is at the distance of a bowshot from me]. (TA.) A2: See also عُدْوَةٌ. b2: عَدَايَا is used in poetry as a pl. of عدوة [app. عَدْوَةٌ, but in what sense is not shown]. (TA.) عُدْوَةٌ and ↓ عِدْوَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the former of the dial. of Kureysh and the latter of the dial. of Keys, (Msb,) and ↓ عَدْوَةٌ, (K,) all mentioned by ISd, (TA,) The side of a valley; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عِدًى; (K;) which last likewise signifies [absolutely] a side, or lateral part or portion; and so ↓ عَدًى; (K, TA; [see both voce عَادٍ, last sentence;]) thus in the M; (TA;) and the pl. is أَعْدَآءٌ; (K, TA;) or this last signifies [particularly] the sides of a valley, and so do ↓ عِدًى and ↓ عَدًى: (TA:) the pl. of عُدْوَةٌ and ↓ عِدْوَةٌ is عِدَآءٌ and [of عُدْوَةٌ] عُدَيَاتٌ also. (S.) b2: And عُدْوَةٌ signifies also An elevated place; and so ↓ عِدْوَةٌ: (AA, S, K:) pl. [as above, i. e. of both] عِدَآءٌ and [of the former] عُدَيَاتٌ [also]. (K. [In some copies of the K, the latter pl. is written عَدَيَاتٌ; in the CK عُدْياتٌ; but it is correctly عُدَيَاتٌ, as above, thus in my copies of the S; and perhaps عِدَيَاتٌ may also be a pl., i. e. of عِدْوَةٌ, being thus written accord. to the TA in copies of the S.]) b3: And A place far extending: (K, TA:) mentioned by ISd. (TA.) b4: See also عَدَآءٌ. b5: [Reiske, as stated by Freytag, has expl. عُدْوَةٌ as signifying “ Atrium, impluvium domus: ” but this the former has app. done from his having found عدوة erroneously written for عَذِرَة.]

A2: عُدْوَةٌ signifies also The kind of plants, or herbage, termed خُلَّة; i. e., in which is sweetness. (TA.) عِدْوَةٌ: see عُدْوَةٌ, in three places: b2: and see also عَدَآءٌ. b3: [Freytag states, as from the Deewán of the Hudhalees, that, accord. to some, it signifies A stone with which a grave, or a well, is covered: and that the pl. is ↓ عَدَآءٌ: this latter, if correct, is a quasi-pl. n.: but perhaps it is correctly عِدَآءٌ: see عِدًى, first sentence.]

A2: أُمُور عِدْوَة [app. أُمُورٌ عِدْوَةٌ, or perhaps أُمُورُ عِدْوَةٍ,] signifies Remote affairs. (TA.) عَدْوَى Mange, or scab, or other disease, that passes, or is transitive, from one to another; (S, K, TA;) a transitive disease; and such is said to be the جَرَب, and the بَرَص, and the رَمَد, and the حَصْبَة, and the جُذَام, and the وَبَآء, and the جُدَرِىّ. (Kull p. 259.) You say, لَا تُقَرِّبْهُ مِنْهُ فَإِنَّ بِهِ عَدْوَى Do not thou bring him near to him, for in him is a disease such as the mange, or scab, that is transitive from one to another. (TK.) b2: And The transition of the mange, or scab, or other disease, from him that has it to another: (S, K, TA, TK:) the subst. from يَعْدُو said of the mange, or scab, expl. above, as meaning “ it passes ” &c. (Msb. [See 1, first quarter.]) It is said in a trad., لَا عَدْوَى, i. e. لَا يُعْدِى شَىْءٌ شَيْئًا [A thing (meaning disease) does not pass by its own agency to a thing]; (S;) or [lit.] there is no transition of the mange, or scab, or other disease, from him that has it to another. (TK.) b3: And i. q. فَسَادٌ [i. e. Badness, corruptness, unsoundness, &c.]. (K, TA. [In the CK erroneously written in this sense عُدْوٰى; which, however, being an inf. n. of عَدَا in the phrase عَدَا عَلَيْهِ, q. v., may be correctly used as having the same, or nearly the same, meaning.]) So in the saying, ?? [In him, or it, is badness, &c.]. (TK.) A2: A(??) A demand that one makes upon a prefect, or governor, [or judge,] to aid, or assist, him against him who has wronged him, i. e. to inflict penal retribution on him, (IF, S, Msb,) for his wrongdoing to him. (IF, Msb.) b2: and Aid, or assistance, against a wrongdoer, (S, Mgh, TA,) required of a judge, for the bringing into his presence the antagonist: and also applied to a signet, or a [sealed] piece of clay, given by the judge as a token to denote the summoning of him whose presence is required. (Mgh.) عُدَوَآءُ (S, K) and ↓ عَادِيَةٌ and ↓ عَدَآءٌ (K) Distance, or remoteness, (S, K, TA,) as also ↓ عِدًى, (Ham p. 377,) [or particularly] of a house, or an abode, or a dwelling. (S, TA.) [Hence,] one says, طَالَتْ عُدَوَاؤُهُمْ Their distance, or remoteness, one from another, and their separation, was, or became, long. (TA.) b2: Also (i. e. the first and ↓ second and ↓ third words) Occupation, or business, that turns one away, or back, from a thing: (K, TA:) or عُدَوَآءُ signifies a custom, or habit, of occupation or business: (TA:) and عُدَوَآءُ الشُّغْلِ, the hindrances, or impediments, of occupation or business: (S, TA:) and one says, جِئْتَنِى وَأَنَا فِى عُدَوَآءَ عَنْكَ i. e. [Thou camest to me when I was engaged] in an occupation that diverted [me from thee]: (so in one of my copies of the S:) the pl. of ↓ عَادِيَةٌ is عَوَادٍ: (TA:) عَوَادِى الدَّهْرِ means the accidents, or casualties, of time or fortune, that divert [or intervene as obstacles] by occupying or busying: (S:) and you say, عَوَادِ ↓ عَدَتْ, [lit.] meaning Things, or events, turning away, or back, turned, or have turned, away, or back; [but this phrase, when followed by دُونَ or بَيْنَ, I would rather render, simply, obstacles occurred, or have occurred;] (S, TA;) thus in the latter of two verses cited voce حَبَّ. (S.) b3: عُدَوَآءُ الدَّهْرِ means The shifting, and varying, of time or fortune. (TA.) b4: and عُدَوَآءُ الشَّوْقِ What has severely affected, distressed, or afflicted, its sufferer, of the yearning, or longing, of the soul, or of longing desire. (TA.) b5: And عُدَوَآءُ signifies also A مَرْكَب [i. e. beast, or saddle, or thing on which one rides,] that is not easy: (K:) or, accord. to As, a place where he who sits thereon is not in a state of ease: and one says, جِئْتُ عَلَى مَرْكَبٍ ذِى عُدَوَآءَ i. e. [I came upon a beast, or saddle, &c.,] that was not easy: (S:) and جِئْتُكَ عَلَى فَرَسٍ ذِى عُدَوَآءَ, the last word imperfectly decl., i. e. [I came to thee upon a horse] that was not easy: (TA:) and جَلَسَ عَلَى عُدَوَآءَ He sat upon an uneven thing or place; (M, TA;) the last word imperfectly decl., as is said by ISd. (TA.) b6: Also Dry, hard, land; (K, TA;) sometimes occurring in a well when it is dug; and sometimes it is stone, from which the digger turns aside: and one says, أَرْضٌ ذَاتُ عُدَوَآءَ, meaning land that is not even, or plain; not easy to walk or ride or lie upon: or, as some say, it means a rough, rugged, place: or an elevated place upon which the camel lies down and then reclines thereon upon his side, having by his side a depressed place, which causes him to tend downwards, in consequence whereof he becomes in the state termed تَوَهُّنٌ, [weak, or languid, and unable to rise,] i. e. in the condition of extending his body towards the low place while his legs are upon the عُدَوَآء, which is the elevated, so that he is unable to rise, and dies. (TA.) A2: And [it is said that] العُدَوَآءُ also signifies اناخة قليلة [app. إِنَاخَةٌ قَلِيلَةٌ, meaning A little, or brief, making of a camel to lie down upon the breast, as is done on the occasions of mounting and dismounting &c.]. (TA.) عُدْوِىٌّ and عُدَوِىٌّ [are rel. ns. of which only the fem. forms are mentioned, in what here follows]. عُدْوِيَّةٌ and عُدَوِيَّةٌ are rel. ns. of عُدْوَةٌ as meaning “ the kind of plants, or herbage, termed خُلَّة,” the former reg. and the latter irreg.; and عَوَادٍ [pl. of ↓ عَادٍ or of عَادِيَةٌ] is a possessive epithet [from the same], without the relative ى: [all are app. applied to camels, as meaning Having for their pasture the plants, or herbage, called عُدْوَة, above mentioned: but it is immediately added,] and عُدْوِيَّةٌ and عُدَوِيَّةٌ applied to camels signify that pasture upon the [plants called] حَمْض: (TA:) and ↓ عَادِيَةٌ and [the pl.] عَوَادٍ, so applied, have this latter meaning accord. to the M and K: but accord. to the S, they are applied to camels as meaning abiding among the [trees called] عِضَاه, not quitting them, and not pasturing upon the حَمْض; and so is [the pl.] عَادِيَاتٌ. (TA in another portion of this art.) [See also عَاذِيَةٌ, in art. عذو.]

عِدَوِىٌّ, being a rel. n. of عِدَةٌ, see in art. وعد.

عَدَوِيَّةٌ The herbage of the صَيْف [q. v., here app. meaning spring], after the departure of the رَبِيع [q. v., here app. meaning winter]: (S, K:) it is applied to the young trees which then become green and are depastured by the camels: (S:) or, as some say, the [plants, or herbage, called] رَبْل [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: And The young ones of sheep or goats. (K.) b3: And Female infants [of the age] of forty days; (K, TA; [in the CK, نَبات is erroneously put for بَنَات;]) but when their [hair termed] عَقِيقَة has been cut off, this appel-lation is no longer applied to them: so says Lth; but Az pronounces him to have erred: (TA:) or it is with غ (K, TA) and ذ, both dotted, or only the former of them dotted, and one of them is called غَدِىٌّ [or غَدَوِىٌّ, or غَذِىٌّ or غَذَوِىٌّ]: thus in the M, and thus accord. to Az. (TA.) عُدْوَانٌ [expl. in the S as signifying Sheer or unmixed, wrongful or unjust or injurious or tyrannical conduct,] is an inf. n. of عَدَا in the phrase عَدَا عَلَيْهِ [q. v.]; (ISd, Msb, K;) as also عِدْوَانٌ. (ISd, K.) عَدَوَانٌ, applied to a wolf, (S, K,) means يَعْدُو عَلَى النَّاسِ [i. e. That acts aggressively against men]; (S, TA;) i. q. ↓ عَادٍ [app. in this sense], (K, TA,) which occurs in a trad. applied to a beast of prey, (TA,) an epithet applied to a beast of prey by the Prophet: (Mgh:) one says سَبُعٌ عَادٍ and سِبَاعٌ عَادِيَةٌ. (Msb.) [In the S, immediately after the words يَعْدُو عَلَى النَّاسِ, it is added, and hence their saying, السُّلْطَانُ ذُو عَدَوَانٍ وَذُو بَدَوَانٍ; and thus I find the saying cited as from the S in arts. عدو and بدو of the PS: but I think that عَدَوَانٍ and بَدَوَانٍ, here, are mistranscriptions for عَدَوَاتٍ and بَدَوَاتٍ, as I find them written in my copies of the S and TA in the arts. above mentioned: see عَدْوَةٌ, above; and see بَدَآءٌ in art. بدو, where it seems to be clearly shown that بَدَوَاتٍ is correct, as pl. of بَدَاةٌ.] b2: Also, (S, K, and Ham p. 81,) and ↓ عَدَّآءٌ, (Mgh, Msb, K, and Ham ubi suprà,) That runs vehemently, or much; (S, Mgh, Msb, K; *) i. q. شَدِيدُ العَدْوِ, (S, TA,) or كَثِيرُ العَدْوِ; (Ham;) applied to a horse: (Mgh, and Ham:) [and to a man:] الشَّدِيدَةُ, in the K, is a mistake for الشَّدِيدُهُ, meaning الشَّدِيدُ العَدْوِ. (TA.) عَدَآءٌ an inf. n. of عَدَا in the phrase عَدَا عَلَيْهِ [q. v.]. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) b2: And, as also ↓ عِدَآءٌ, A single طَلَق [or heat; i. e., a single run, at once, to a goal, or limit]; (K, TA;) of a horse. (TA.) A2: And عَدَآءُ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ, (S, K,) as also ↓ عِدَاهُ, (K, TA,) [the latter written in the CK عِداؤُهُ, but] the former is with the lengthened ا and the latter with the shortened ا, (TA,) and ↓ عِدْوُهُ and ↓ عِدْوَتُهُ and ↓ عُدْوَتُهُ, (K,) signify طَوَارُهُ, (S, K,) i. e. [The equal, of anything, in breadth and length; or] what is coextensive with anything in its breadth and its length. (S, TA.) One says, لَزِمْتُ عَدَآءَ الطَّرِيقِ, or النَّهْرِ, or الجَبَلِ, meaning طَوَارَهُ [i. e. I kept to the tract coextensive in its breadth and its length with the road, or the river, or the mountain]. (TA.) A3: See also عُدَوَآءُ, first and third sentences.

A4: And see عِدًى, and عِدْوَةٌ.

عِدَآءٌ: see the next preceding paragraph: A2: and see also عِدًى.

عَدُوٌّ And enemy, contr. of وَلِىٌّ, (S,) or of صَدِيقٌ, (K,) or of صَدِيقٌ مُوَالٍ; (Msb;) an epithet, but resembling a subst.: (S:) [and (like our word “ enemy ” in military parlance) a hostile party: for] it is used alike as sing. and pl. and masc. and fem.; (Msb, K;) as is said in the “ Muk-tasar el-' Eyn: ” (Msb:) but sometimes it is dualized and pluralized and feminized: (K:) the pl. is أَعْدَآءٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and the pl. of أَعْدَآءٌ is أَعَادٍ; (Msb, K; *) and عِدًى and عُدًى are also pls. of عَدُوٌّ; (S, Msb, K; [each improperly termed in the K اِسْمُ جَمْعٍ; for فِعَلٌ and فُعَلٌ are measures of pls., not of quasi-pl. ns.;]) the former said by ISk to be the only pl. of this measure among epithets; (S, Msb; *) and عُدَاةٌ, with damm and with ة, is another pl.; (Th, S, Msb;) and is pl. of ↓ عَادٍ, (K, TA,) which is syn. with عَدُوٌّ; (S, K, TA;) as in the saying of a woman of the Arabs, أَشْمَتَ رَبُّ العَالَمِينَ عَادِيَكَ [May the Lord of the beings of the universe make thy enemy to rejoice at thy affliction]: (S, TA:) the fem. form of عَدُوٌّ is عَدُوَّةٌ, (S, Msb,) which is said by Az to be used when the meaning of an epithet is intended: (Msb:) it is said by ISk, (S, TA,) and in the “ Bari',” (Msb,) that there is no instance of the measure فَعُولٌ in the sense of فَاعِلٌ but its fem. is without ة, except عَدُوَّةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) in the phrase هٰذِهِ عَدُوَّةٌ اللّٰهِ [This woman is the enemy of God]: accord. to Fr, عَدُوَّةٌ has the affix ة to assimilate it to صَدِيقَــةٌ; for a word is sometimes formed to accord with its contr.: (S, TA:) Az says that he heard certain of the tribe of 'Okeyl say, [of some women,] هُنَّ وَلِيَّاتُ اللّٰهِ and عَدُوَّاتُ اللّٰهِ and أًوْلِيَاؤُهُ and أَعْدَاؤُهُ [i. e. They are the friends of God and the enemies of God]. (Msb.) [The pl.] عِدًى signifies also Persons distant, or remote, one from another: (ISd, K, TA:) and (K) strangers, or foreigners: (ISk, S, K, TA:) and such as are distant, or remote, in respect of relationship; or not relations: (TA:) as well as enemies: (M, TA:) كَالأَعْدَآءِ, which is added in the K after وَالغُرَبَآءُ, should be وَالأَعْدَآءُ. (TA.) عَدِىٌّ is a pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] of عَادٍ, q. v. (S, TA.) عَدَاوَةٌ Enmity, or hostility; (S, K, TA;) like مُعَادَاةٌ [inf. n. of 3, q. v.]. (TA.) عَدَّآءٌ: see عَدَوَانٌ, last sentence.

عَادٍ [act. part. n. of عَدَا, q. v. b2: As such particularly signifying] Acting wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically; transgressing, or exceeding the proper limit: (Msb, TA:) pl. عَادُونَ. (Msb.) Hence the saying, لَا أَشْمَتَ اللّٰهُ بِكَ عَادِيَكَ i. e. [May God not make to rejoice at thy affliction] him who acts wrongfully to thee. (TA.) [And hence the phrase لِصٌّ عَادِى ظَهْرٍ, expl. in art. ظهر.] See also عَدَوَانٌ. And see عَدُوٌّ, with which it is syn. b3: Also Seizing, or carrying off, by force; or snatching at unawares. (TA.) and العَادِى signifies [particularly] The lion; (K, TA;) because of his injuriousness, and his seizing men and making them his prey. (TA.) b4: ↓ عَدِىٌّ is a pl. of عَادٍ, [or rather a quasi-pl. n.,] like as غَزِىٌّ is of غَازٍ; as such signifying Runners upon their feet: (S, TA:) or a company of men, (K, TA,) in the dial. of Hudheyl, (TA,) that run to the fight (K, TA) and the like: (TA:) or the first, of the footmen, [or foot-soldiers,] that charge, or assault; (K, TA;) because they run quickly: (TA:) like عَادِيَةٌ, (K, TA,) of which the pl. is عَوَادٍ, (TA,) in both senses: or this signifies the horsemen; (K, TA;) i. e. the first, of the horsemen, that charge, or assault, in a hostile, or predatory, incursion, especially; (TA;) or horses making a hostile, or predatory, incursion; and hence [the pl.] العَادِيَات in the Kur c. 1. (TA in the supplement to this art.) And accord. to ElKhuwárezmee, عَدِىٌّ particularly signifies The foot-messengers of the sovereign, and of the judge, who are made to run in quest of one against whom an accusation has been made, and to bring him, for the purpose of exacting from him the right, or due, of his accuser. (De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., iii. 100.) A2: عَادِى العَوَادِى, a phrase used by a poet, is expl. by IAar as meaning The hardest, or most pressing, or most severe, of occupations that turn one away, or back, from a thing. (TA.) A3: See also عَادٍ and its fem. عَادِيَةٌ voce عُدْوِىٌّ.

A4: عَادِيَا اللَّوْحِ signifies طَرَفَاهُ [The two extremities, or two sides, of the tablet or the like]; (K, TA;) each of them being called عادى [i. e.

عَادِى اللَّوْحِ, or a mistranscription for عَادٍ], like عِدى [i. e. ↓ عِدًى or ↓ عَدًى, both mentioned above, voce عُدْوَةٌ, as meaning, absolutely, a side, or lateral part or portion]. (TA.) عَادِيَةٌ [fem. of.عَادٍ, q. v.

A2: As a subst., it signifies] Wrongdoing, injustice, injuriousness, or tyranny; and evil, or mischief; (S, TA;) as in the saying دَفَعْتُ عَنْكَ عَادِيَةَ فُلَانٍ [I repelled, or have repelled, from thee the wrongdoing &c., and the evil, or mischief, of such a one]: (S:) it is an inf. n. [or rather a quasi-inf. n.] like عَاقِبَةٌ: and signifies also sharpness, or hastiness, of temper; and anger. (TA.) Also The harm, or hurt, of poison. (Har p. 304.) A3: See also عُدَوَآءُ, in three places.

A4: عَوَادِى الكَرْمِ, (K, TA,) of which عَادِيَةٌ is the sing., (TA,) signifies The grape-vines that are planted at the feet, or roots, of great trees. (K, TA.) أَعْدَى [a noun denoting the comparative and superlative degrees, and having several different significations]. أَعْدَى مِنَ الجَرَبِ More transitive, or wont to pass from one to another, than the mange, or scab, is a prov. (Meyd.) and أَعْدَى مِنَ الثُّؤَبَآءِ is another prov., having a similar meaning [i. e. More wont to pass from one to another, or, as we commonly say, more catching, than yawning]; (Meyd;) for when a man yawns in the presence of others, they become affected as he is. (TA in art. ثأب.) b2: أَعْدَى مِنَ الذِّئْبِ is also a prov., and may mean More wrongful, or more inimical, or more vehement in running, than the wolf. (Meyd.) أَعْدَى مِنْ سُلَيْكٍ, another prov., (expl. in the latter half of the first paragraph,) is from العَدْوُ. (Meyd.) b3: هُوَ أَعْدَى شَىْءٍ [app. meaning It is the most effectual thing to aid, or assist, or to avenge; أَعْدَى in this case being irregularly formed from the augmented verb in the phrase أَعْدَاهُ عَلَيْهِ]. (TA in art. ادو: see آدَى in that art.) تَعَادٍ Uneven places, (K, TA,) dissimilar in their several parts: occurring in this sense in a trad. (TA.) As mentions the saying نِمْتُ عَلَى

↓ مَكَانٍ مُتَعَادٍ, meaning [I slept upon] a place dissimilar in its several parts; uneven: and هٰذِهِ

↓ أَرْضٌ مُتَعَادِيَةٌ This is land having in it burrows, and [trenches, or channels, such as are termed]

لَخَاقِيق. (S, TA.) مَا لِى عَنْ فُلَانٍ مَعْدًى means There is not for me any going beyond such a one to another, nor any stopping short of him. (S.) مَعْدُوٌّ: see what next follows.

فُلَانٌ مَعْدِىٌّ عَلَيْهِ and ↓ مَعْدُوٌّ (S, K *) mean [Such a one is] treated wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically: (K:) the ى in مَعْدِىٌّ is substituted for و because the latter [in this case] is deemed difficult of utterance. (S.) مُتَعَادٍ; and its fem., with ة: see تَعَادٍ.

عهد: عَهِد: تعهَّد، وعد وأشهد الله على ذلك. (ألكالا). وفيه: عَهَد.
اعْهَدْ: أوصِ بمعنى تهيأ للموت. (معجم الطرائف).
عهد لفلان، عهد لابنه: أوصى بحقوقه لابنه (دي ساسي طرائف 2: 24).
عهد بفلان. لعهده بهم يومئذ: لالتقائه بهم يومئذ. (دي سلان، تاريخ البربر 2: 169).
عهد من فلان وبفلان، ففي ألف ليلة 1: 100): وكنت اعهد منه بدين الاسلام، وقد ترجمها لين إلى الإنجليزية بما معناه: حضضته ونصحته من قبل باعتناق الإسلام.
عاهَد. عاهد فلاناً على: وعده ب، (بوشر).
عهد ب: نذر على نفسه، وهي مرادف: نذر لله. (فوك).
تَعهَّد: زار، وتردّد إلى المكان. (ويجرز ص13).
وفي تاريخ البربر (1: 440): وانقبض تجار النصارى عن تعَّد بلاد المسلمين.
تعهَّد فلاناً: اعتنى به، ووفّر له حاجاته، وقام بمعاشه. (معجم الطرائف). وفيه: عالج مريضاً، غير إنه ليس في النص ما يدل على أن فلانا هذا كان مريضاً.
تعَّهد فلاناً: اهتم به وتفقده، ورعاه. (انظر لين) وفي ألف ليلة (1: 269): وهو يتعهد العجوز وينظر إليها كل وقت. وهذا أيضاً في طبعة بولاق. وفي طبعة برسل (2: 298): تعاهَد.
التعَهَّدُ (المصدر): إكباب ومثابرة على الدرس.
ففي عباد (1: 245): انصرف إلى الأدب وحصل منه لثقوب ذهنه على قطعة وافرة علقها من غير تعَّهد لها ولا إمعان في غمارها.
تعَّهد: قبل الاقتراح، ووافق على العرض. (تاريخ البربر 1: 564).
تعَّهد فلاناً وبه: أرسل إليه كل حين أو من وقت لآخر بعض الأشياء. ففي حَيان (15و): تعَّهدهم بالصلات. وفي تاريخ البربر (1: 148): صاروا يتعهد ونهم بالجباية بعض السنين. وفيه (2: 26): تعهدهم بالجوائز والخِلَع. وفيه (2: 51): تعهدهم بالعطاء. أو بمعنى أرسل فقط، ففي حيّان- بسّام (3: 140ق): لم يتعهدوه فيها (فيما) بَعْدُ بفارس ولا درهم.
تعهَّد إلى فلان وبه: أوصاه به، وتشفع فيه إليه، وزكّاه. (تاريخ البربر 1: 516).
تعهَّد: تكفّل، أخذ على نفسه، ألزم نفسه (بوشر).
تعهّد: حالف، تحالف. (هلو).
تعاهد: زار، تردد إليه. (فوك).
ويقال: تعاهد مع. وانظر: تعاهده بالزيارة (تاريخ البربر 1: 359).
تعاهد الشيء: اعتنى به، ففي كليلة ودمنة (ص174): فَلْتُحْسِن تعاهُدَك لنفسك فانك إذا فعلت ذلك جاءك الخير يطلبك كما يطلب الماء انحداره.
تعاهد فلانا ب: أرسل إليه في كل حين أو من وقت إلى آخر شيئاً ما، مثل تعَّهد. (أخبار ص52). وأظن أن صاحب المعجم اللاتيني أراد نفس هذا المعنى في تفسير: dirigo) premitto ونجد في عبارات أخرى نفس المعنى، ففي تاريخ البربر (2: 206). مثلاً: تعاهدهم بحُنُوه: أي أظهر لهم الحنان دائماً. وفيه (1: 106): يتعاهدون الرؤوس بالحلق. أي يحلقون رؤوسهم من حين إلى آخر.
وفي التقويم (ص42): ويتعاهد نَقْصُ الامتلاء بالفصد والدواء. أي يداوون كظّة الدم وزيادته ووفرته بالعنصر والإسهال من حين إلى آخر.
تعاهد مع فلان على: تحالف معه على، واتفق معه وتعاقد على. (فوك).
اعتهّد: نفَّذ، أنجز. (الفخري ص174).
عَهْد: وعد، عقد عرفي. (بوشر).
عَهْد: فرمان. (محيط المحيط).
العهد القديم والجديد: الأسفار المقدسة التي كتبت قبل المسيح وبعد المسيح (محيط المحيط).
عَهْد: عند الدراويش: حفل كان الدراويش يقيمونه لتلقين العضو الجديد أسرار طريقتهم. انظر (لين عادات 1: 370).
عَهْد: موعد، مكان اللقاء، ملتقى .. (بوشر).
خميس العهد: خميس جمعة الآلام. خميس القربان أو الأسرار، لين عادات (2: 364).
عَهْدَة: في معجم لين (2183) عهد مرادف ذمة. ويقول ابن جبير (ص344): المقام تحت عهدة الذمة.
عُهْدَة: لا ادري ما هو المعنى الدقيق لهذه الكلمة التي وردت في عبارة حَيان- بسّام (3: 5ق): لم يكن جواداً ولم يكن بخيلا أعطى وحرم وجاد وبخل فكأنَّه نجا من عهدة الذَّم.
عُهْدة: أجل، موعد معين للجواب. (ألكالا).
عليه عهدة: يمكن الاعتماد عليه. (بوشر).
عهدة الشيخ عند أهل لبنان: مقاطعته (محيط المحيط).
مَعهْد: موضع التسلية والانشراح واللهو. (المقري 1: 304) = (مُنْتَزَه 2: 409) وانظر: 1: 308).
مَعْهَد: اسم زمان، ويستعمل بنفس المعنى الذي تستعمل به كلمة عَهْد في قولهم: متى عهدك بفلان، عهدي به قريب. (معجم مسلم).
مَعْهُود. المعهود: المعروف. ويكنى به عن آلة التناسل. (ألف ليلة 1: 899).
موضع معهود موضع اللقاء، ملتقى. (بوشر).
غير معهود: غير منتظر، غير متوقع، طارئ (بوشر).
مُعاهِد. كنا معاهدين نشاهد أشياء عجيبة: كنا نؤمل ونتوقع مشاهدة أشياء عجيبة. (بوشر).
مُعَاهَدة: اتفاق بين ملكين. (محيط المحيط).

عهد

1 عَهِدَ إِلَيْهِ, (S, A, &c.,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. عَهْدٌ, (TA,) He enjoined, charged, bade, ordered, or commanded, him; (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA;) as also مِنْهُ ↓ استعهد. (A.) One says, عَهِدْتُ إِلَيْهِ بِالأَمْرِ I enjoined him, or charged him, &c., to do the thing. (Msb.) And it is said in the Kur [xxxvi. 60], أَلَمْ أَعْهَدْ إِلَيْكُمْ يَا بَنِى آدَمَ أَنْ لَا تَعْبُدُوا الشَّيْطَانَ [Did I not enjoin you, or charge you, &c., O sons of Adam, that ye should not serve the Devil? or, saying, Serve not ye the Devil?]. (O, Msb.) [And in the same, ii. 119, وَعَهِدْنَا إِلَى إِبْرٰهِيمَ وَإِسْمٰعِيلَ أَنْ طَهِّرَا بَيْتِى And we enjoined, or charged, &c., Abraham and Ishmael, saying, Purify ye my house.] And one says also, عَهِدَ إِلَيْه فِيهِ, meaning تَقَدَّمَ [i. e. He enjoined him, or charged him, &c., respecting it, or to do it]. (TK.) And He obliged him to do it. (L in art. عقد.) b2: Also He imposed a condition, or conditions, upon him; (A;) and so مِنْهُ ↓ استعهد: (A, K:) which latter signifies (O, K) also (K) he wrote a statement of a compact, covenant, confederacy, or league, as binding upon him. (O, K.) b3: And He made a compact, contract, covenant, or the like, with him; or a promise to him. (MA.) [See also 3.] b4: And عَهِدَ إِلَىَّ فُلَانٌ فِى

كَذَا Such a one was, or became, or made himself, responsible, answerable, accountable, amenable, surety, or guarantee, to me, for, or in respect of, such a thing. (TK.) A2: عَهِدَ وَعْدَهُ, inf. n. عَهْدٌ, He fulfilled his promise. (TK.) b2: And عَهِدَ الحُرْمَةَ, inf. n. as above, He was mindful, regardful, or observant, of that which should be sacred, or inviolable; or of that which was entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence. (TK.) A3: عَهِدَهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. عَهْدٌ, (Msb, K,) He met, or met with, him, or it, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, *) بِمَكَانِ كَذَا in such a place. (S, Mgh, Msb.) [See also عَهْدٌ below.] b2: And He knew, or was acquainted with, him, or it, (Msb, K, * TA,) عَلَى حَالٍ in a state, or condition, or فِى مَكَانٍ in a place. (TA.) And عُهِدَ He, or it, was known. (S, O.) One says, الأَمْرُ كَمَا عَهِدْتَ The affair, or case, was as thou knewest. (Msb.) And the saying of Umm-Zara, وَلَا يَسْأَلُ عَمَّا عَهِدَ (O, TA,) means Nor used he to ask respecting that which he saw, (O,) or that which he knew, (TA,) in the tent, or house, by reason of his liberality. (O, TA.) [See, again, عَهْدٌ below.]

A4: عُهِدَتِ الأَرْضُ, (S,) or الرَّوْضَةُ, (A,) The land, or the meadow, was rained upon (S, A) by the rain called عَهْدَة [or عَهْد]: (A:) and عُهِدَ المَكَانُ [in the CK بالمَكَانِ] the place was rained upon by the rain called عهْد, i. e. the first of the rain called الوَسْمِىّ: (K:) or was altogether rained upon. (TA.) 3 مُعَاهَدَةٌ is between two persons; (O;) signifying The uniting with another in a compact, a contract, a covenant, an agreement, a confederacy, a league, a treaty, or an engagement, (Msb,) عَلَى

كَذَا [respecting, or to do, such a thing]. (MA.) You say, يُعَاهِدُكَ وَتُعَاهِدُهُ [He makes a compact, &c., with thee, and thou makest a compact, &c., with him]. (S, O.) [See also عَهِدَ إِلَيْهِ.] b2: and عاهدهُ He swore to him. (K in this art., and Mgh in art. وثق.) A2: See also 5.4 أَنَا أُعْهِدُكَ مِنْ إِبَاقِهِ, (ISh, O, K,) inf. n.إِعْهَادٌ, (K,) I hold thee clear of responsibility for his running away: (ISh, O, K, TA:) said by one who has purchased a slave. (TA.) And in like manner, أَنَا أُعْهِدُكَ مِنْ هَذٰا الأَمْرِ I hold thee, or make thee, secure from this thing. (TA.) Hence the term ↓ عُهْدَةٌ. (TA.) And the latter phrase signifies [also] I am responsible for thy security from this thing. (ISh, O, K.) 5 تعهّدهُ He renewed his acquaintance with it, or his knowledge of it; (S, O, L, Msb, K;) this is the proper signification; (Msb;) as also ↓ اعتهدهُ; (O, * L, K;) and ↓ تعاهدهُ; (L, K;) and ↓ عاهدهُ, inf. n. مُعَاهَدَةٌ: (L:) and he sought it, or sought for it or after it, it being absent from him; syn. تَفَقَّدَهُ; as also ↓ تعاهدهُ, and ↓ اعتهده: (K:) or تعهّدهُ and تفقّدهُ are used, by some, each in the place of the other; but accord. to Er-Rághib and many others, the former signifies he sought, or sought leisurely or repeatedly, to obtain knowledge of it, having known of it before; and the latter, he sought, or sought leisurely or repeatedly, to obtain knowledge of it, having lost it: (MF in art. فقد:) or تعهّدهُ signifies he renewed his acquaintance with it, or his knowledge of it, and sought, or sought leisurely or repeatedly, to find means of rectifying it, reforming it, or putting it into a good or right or proper state: (IDrst, TA:) or he came to it, and rectified it, reformed it, or put it into a good or right or proper state: (Mgh:) or as first expl. above, and also he returned to it time after time, or went frequently to it, and rectified it, reformed it, or put it into a good or right or proper state: (Msb:) or, simply, [as also ↓ تعاهدهُ,] he returned, or recurred, to it time after time, [see an instance voce أَخْرَقُ,] or went frequently to it: (Et-Tedmuree, TA:) and also [i. e. both signify also he paid repeated, or frequent, attention to it; or] he was careful, or mindful, of it; or attentive to it. (S, O, Msb. *) One says also, تَعَهَّدْتُ فُلَانًا [I renewed my acquaintance with such a one; repaired, or betook myself, to him frequently; paid frequent attention to him; or simply paid attention to him]. (S, O.) And تَعَهَّدْتُ ضَيْعَتِى, (S, O, Mgh,) properly signifying I renewed my acquaintance with, or my knowledge of, my estate, is used as meaning I came to my estate, and put it into a good or right or proper condition: (Mgh:) [or I paid repeated, or frequent, or much, attention to it, taking good and effectual care of it; I husbanded it well:] or, accord. to IDrst, the verb here has the meaning given above on his authority: or, accord. to Ed-Tedmuree, the meaning is that given above as his explanation; and is from عَهْدٌ as signifying “ rain that falls after other rain,” or from the same word as signifying “ a place of abode in which one has known a thing: ” (TA:) and one may say also ↓ تَعَاهَدْتُ; (Fr, ISk, Mgh;) but تَعَهَّدْتُ is more chaste, (El-Fá- rábee, S, O, Msb,) because ↓ تَعَاهُدٌ is only between two [or more]: (S, O:) or تعاهدت is not allowable, (Az, AHát, Th, IF, Msb,) for the reason just mentioned: (IF, Msb:) Az says that six Arabs of the desert, of chaste speech, being asked in the presence of himself and of Yoo, one after another, whether they said تعهّدت ضيعتى or ↓ تعاهدت, all answered, تعهّدت. (AHát, TA.) One also says, of a man, يَتَعَهَّدُهُ صَرْعٌ [Epilepsy befalls him repeatedly, or time after time]. (S, O.) 6 تعاهدوا They united in a compact, a contract, a covenant, an agreement, a confederacy, a league, a treaty, or an engagement, [عَلَى كَذَا respecting, or to do, such a thing;] syn. تَعَاقَدُوا, (S and K in art. عقد,) and تَحَالَفُوا. (S and K in art. حلف.) A2: See also 5, in six places.8 إِعْتَهَدَ see 5, near the beginning, in two places.10 إِسْتَعْهَدَ see 1, former half, in two places. b2: One says also, اسْتَعْهَدْتُهُ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ, meaning I made him responsible for accidents [arising, or that might arise,] from himself. (O, K. *) عَهْدٌ [an inf. n. of 1, q. v.: used as a simple subst.,] An injunction, a charge, a bidding, an order, or a command. (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA.) [Pl. in this and other senses عُهُودٌ.] عَهْدِى

أَنْ لَا آخُذَ مِنْ رَاضِعٍ شَيْئًا, occurring in a trad., is a phrase tropically abridged, meaning (tropical:) It is in the injunction, or charge, prescribed as obligatory on me [that I should not take anything from a suckling]. (Mgh.) b2: A compact, a contract, a covenant, an agreement, a confederacy, a league, a treaty, an engagement, a bond, an obligation, or a promise: (S, A, Mgh, O, L, Msb, K, TA:) pl. عُهُودٌ: or, accord. to AHeyth, ↓ عَهْدَةٌ has this this meaning, and عَهْدٌ is its pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.]. (TA.) Hence وَلِىُّ عَهْدٍ The suc-cessor by virtue of a covenant of a Khaleefeh [or King]. (TA.) [And وِلَايَةُ عَهْدٍ The succession by virtue of a covenant.] b3: Protection, or safeguard; a promise, or an assurance, of security or safety; responsibility, or suretiship; syn. أَمَانٌ; and ذِمَّةٌ; (Sh, S, A, O, Msb, K;) and ضَمَانٌ; (O, K;) as also ↓ عُهَّيْدَى [in the O ↓ عُهَيْدَى] and ↓ عِهْدَانٌ [which last is said in the S and O to be syn. with عَهْدٌ, but in what sense is not there specified]. (K.) Hence, ذُو عَهْدٍ, an appel-lation given to a Christian, and a Jew, [and a Sabian, who is a subject of a Muslim government,] meaning One between whom and the Muslims a compact, or covenant, subsists, whereby the latter are responsible for his security [and freedom and toleration] as long as he acts agreeably to the compact [by living peaceably with them and paying a poll-tax]; (Mgh, * Msb, * TA;) [i. e. a free non-Muslim subject of a Muslim government;] as also ↓ مُعَاهِدٌ and ↓ مُعَاهَدٌ, the act. and pass. forms being both applied to such a person because the compact is mutual; (Msb;) both syn. with ذِمِّىٌّ: (S:) persons of this description are called collectively أَهْلُ العَهْدِ. (TA.) b4: An oath: (S, A, O, K:) pl. عُهُودٌ: or, accord. to AHeyth, ↓ عَهْدَةٌ signifies an oath whereby one secures himself against him with whom he makes a compact, contract, covenant, or the like, and عَهْدٌ is its pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.]. (TA.) [But it is generally used as a sing.: hence,] one says, عَلَىَّ عَهْدُ اللّٰهِ لَأَفْعَلَنَّ كَذَا [The oath by attestation of God is binding on me that I will assuredly do such a thing]. (S, O.) b5: A writ, or diploma, of appointment to the office of a prefect or governor or the like: (S, O, K:) pl. عُهُودٌ. (TA.) b6: Defence of those persons, or things, that should be sacred, or inviolable, or that are entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence; (S, A, O, K;) and mindfulness, regard, or observance, (S, K,) of such things, (K,) or of love, or affection; occurring in this sense in a trad., in which it is said that generosity therein is a point of religion. (S.) b7: Fulfilment of a promise or the like. (O, K.) So in the Kur vii. 100. (O.) b8: The assertion of the unity of God: whence, إِلَّا مَنِ اتَّخَذَ عِنْدَ الرَّحْمٰنِ عَهْدًا [Except such as hath made a covenant with the Compassionate to assert his unity], (O, K,) in the Kur [xix. 90]: (O:) and the words of a trad. relating to prayer, أَنَا عَلَى عَهْدِكَ وَوَعْدِكَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُ I am persevering in the observance of my covenant and promise to Thee to believe in Thee and to assert thy unity incessantly [as far as I am able]. (TA.) A2: Also A time; (S, * A, K;) and so ↓ عِهْدَانٌ. (A, TA.) One says, كَانَ عَلَى عَهْدِ فُلَانٍ and ↓ عِهْدَانِهِ It was in the time of such a one. (A.) And كَانَ ذٰلِكَ فِى عَهْدِ شَبَابِى That was in the time of my youth, or young manhood. (TK.) And أَتَى عَلَيْهَا عَهْدٌ طَوِيلٌ [Over which a long time has passed]. (S, in explanation of قَرْيَةٌ عَهِيدَةٌ meaning قَدِيمَةٌ.) b2: One says also, عَهْدِى بِهِ قَرِيبٌ i. e. My meeting [with him, or it, was a short time ago]. (S, * Msb.) And هُوَ قَرِيبُ العَهْدِ بَكَذَا He knew, or was acquainted with, such a thing, and was in such a state, or condition, recently, or a short time ago. (Msb. [And in like manner one says حَدِيثُ العَهْدِ and حَدِيثُ عَهْدٍ.]) And عَهْدِى بِهِ بِمَوْضِعِ كَذَا, (K, TA,) and فِى حَالِ كَذَا, (TA,) I met, or met with, or I knew, [or I saw,] him, or it, in such a place, (K, TA,) and in such a state, or condition. (TA.) And مَا لِى عَهْدٌ بِهِ [I have not any knowledge of, or acquaintance with, him, or it]. (A.) And مَتَى عَهْدُكَ بِفُلَانٍ When didst thou meet, or meet with, such a one? (Mgh:) or see such a one? (TA.) And مَتَى عَهْدُكَ بِالخُفِّ When didst thou wear the boots? (Mgh.) and مَتَى عَهْدُكَ بِأَسْفَلِ فِيكَ [When didst thou see the lower part of thy mouth?]: a prov.; said in asking a person respecting an old affair of which he has no knowledge. (L.) The saying of the poet, (Aboo-Khirásh El-Hudhalee, TA, and so in a copy of the S,) فَلَيْسَ كَعَهْدِ الدَّارِ يَا أُمَّ مَالِكٍ

وَلٰكِنْ أَحَاطَتْ بِالرِّقَابِ السَّلَاسِلُ [And it is not like the formerly-known state of the abode, O Umm-Málik; but chains have surrounded the necks;] is expl. as meaning, the case is not as thou knewest it; but El-Islám has come, and has subverted that case. (S, TA.) [Hence, لِلْعَهْدِ and ↓ لِلْمَعْهُودِ, said of the article اَلْ; meaning Used to distinguish a noun as known to the hearer, or reader, in a particular sense.]

A3: Also A first rain; the rain immediately following which is called وَلْىٌ: (TA:) or the first of the rain called الوَسْمِىُّ; (IAar, M, K;) and so ↓ عَهْدَةٌ and ↓ عِهْدَةٌ and ↓ عِهَادَةٌ, (M, K, TA,) or, as in some copies of the K [and in the CK], ↓ عِهَادٌ, which is pl. of عَهْدٌ. (TA.) b2: And Rain that falls after other rain, (AHn, S, K,) while the moisture of the former yet remains; (AHn, K;) as also ↓ عَهْدَةٌ and ↓ عِهْدَةٌ: (TA:) pl. عِهَادٌ and عُهُودٌ: (S:) or عِهَادٌ, accord. to some, signifies recent rains; app. from the saying, أَصَابَتْنَا دِيمَةٌ بِعْدَ دِيمَةٍ عَلَى عِهَادٍ

غَيْرِ قَدِيمَةٍ [A continuous and still rain fell upon us after a continuous and still rain following upon عهاد not long anterior]: (AHn, TA:) or عِهَادٌ signifies rains of the [season called] رَبِيع [here meaning autumn, as is shown voce نَوْءٌ], after the rain called الوَسْمِىّ: (A:) or weak, fine rain, of that which is called وَسْمِىّ. (IAar, TA.) b3: And عَامُ العُهُودِ means The year of few rains. (TA.) A4: See also عُهْدَةٌ, near the middle, in two places: A5: and see مَعْهَدٌ, in three places.

عَهِدٌ A man who applies himself repeatedly to affairs, and to prefectures or governments or the like; or who applies himself repeatedly thereto, and to the reforming thereof; expl. by the words يَتَعَاهَدُ الأُمُورَ وَالوِلَايَاتِ: (S, K:) or one who loves prefectures or the like, and writs of appointment thereto; expl. by مُحِبٌّ لِلْوِلَايَاتِ وَالعُهُودِ. (A.) عَهْدَةٌ: see عَهْدٌ, former half, in two places: A2: and again, in the last quarter, in two places.

A3: عهدة [thus written, without any syll. sign], in a verse cited by AHeyth, [the measure of which shows it to be عَهْدَةٌ or ↓ عُهْدَةٌ or ↓ عِهْدَةٌ, and in which it is applied to the depository of a secret,] is expl. as signifying [properly] A place on which the sun does not come. (TA.) عُهْدَةٌ A written statement of a purchase or sale: (S, Msb, K:) so called because one recurs to it on an occasion of doubt. (Msb.) And A written statement of a confederacy, league, compact, or covenant. (K.) b2: Also A return [to claim an indemnification for a fault or the like in a thing purchased]; syn. رَجْعَةٌ: so in the saying, لَا عُهْدَةَ [There shall be no return to claim an indemnification]: (S, O, K:) one says, أَبِيعُكَ المَلَسَى لَا عُهْدَةَ i. e. [I sell to thee on the condition that] thou shalt get thee away, and not return to me, (S in this art., and S and Msb and K in art. ملس,) nor have any claim upon me for indemnification: (Msb in art. ملس:) عُهْدَةٌ with respect to an article of merchandise being when it is sold in a faulty state or subject to a claim on the part of its owner. (TA. [See more voce مَلَسَى.]) One says also, عَلَيْكَ فِى

هٰذِهِ عُهْدَةٌ لَا تَتَفَصَّى مِنْهَا Thou art subject to a claim for acting unjustly [in respect of this, from which thou wilt not liberate thyself]. (A, TA.) And عُهْدَةُ الرَّقِيقِ ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ The claim for indemnification for a fault in a slave, from the property of the seller, if he have sold him without making it a condition that he is clear of responsibility for any fault, is during three days, and the purchaser may return him without proof; but if he find a fault after three days, he may not return him without proof. (TA, from a trad.) And ↓ عَهْدٌ and عُهْدَةٌ signify the same: (TA:) you say, بَرِئْتُ

إِلَيْكَ مِنْ عُهْدَةِ هٰذَا العَبْدِ [and ↓ مِنْ عَهْدِهِ], meaning I am clear of responsibility to thee for any fault that thou mayest find in this slave known to exist in him while he was with me. (AHeyth, Mgh, TA.) See 4. And you say also, عُهْدَتُهُ عَلَى فُلَانٍ The responsibility for the rectification of any fault that may be found in him, or it, is upon such a one. (S, * Mgh, Msb, * K, * TA.) and فِى الأَمْرِ عُهْدَةٌ In the affair is an occasion for reverting to it for the purpose of its rectification; (Msb;) i. e. the affair is not yet performed soundly, thoroughly, or well, (S, O, Msb,) and the manager thereof has to revert to it in order to render it so. (Msb.) And فِيهِ عُهْدَةٌ In it is a fault, a defect, or an imperfection. (TA.) and فِى عَقْلِهِ عُهْدَةٌ In his intellect is a weakness. (S, A, O, K.) And فِى خَطِّهِ عُهْدَةٌ In his handwriting is a weakness: (K:) or badness: (A:) or faulty formation of the letters. (O.) A2: See also عَهْدَةٌ.

عِهْدَةٌ: see عَهْدٌ, last quarter, in two places: A2: and see also عَهْدَةٌ.

عِهْدَانٌ: see عَهْدٌ, in three places.

عِهَادٌ: see عَهْدٌ, near the end of the paragraph. b2: Also Parts of land upon which the rain called الوَسْمِىّ has fallen. (TA.) عَهِيدٌ One who makes, and with whom is made, a compact, a contract, a covenant, an agreement, a confederacy, a league, a treaty, or an engagement; [a confederate;] (S, O;) i. q. ↓ مُعَاهِدٌ [and ↓ مُعَاهَدٌ]. (A, K.) A2: Also Old, or ancient. (K.) قَرْيَةٌ عَهِيدَةٌ means An old, or ancient, town or village. (S, O.) عِهَادَةٌ: see عَهْدٌ, last quarter.

عُهَيْدَى and عُهَّيْدَى: see عَهْدٌ, first quarter.

مَعْهَدٌ A place in which one used to know, or be acquainted with, or meet with, a thing; (S, A, O;) a place in which a thing is, or has been, known, or met with; as also ↓ عَهْدٌ; (K;) the latter originally an inf. n.: (TA:) an abode in which one used to know love, or desire: (TA:) and, as also ↓ عَهْدٌ, a place of abode to which people return: (A:) or a place of abode to which people, when they have gone far away from it, always return: (S, O:) pl. of the former مَعَاهِدُ. (A.) One says, الأَحِبَّةِ ↓ اِسْتَوْقَفَ الرَّكْبَ عَلَى عَهْدِ and عَلَى مَعْهَدِهِمْ [He asked the company of riders to stop at the place where he used to know, or meet, the objects of love; or] at the abode to which the objects of love used to return. (A.) أَرْضٌ مُعَهَّدَةٌ Land upon which a partial rain has fallen. (Az, O, K. *) مَعْهُودٌ Known. (S, O.) مَعْهُودٌ وَمَشْهُودٌ وَمَوْعُودٌ, as meaning Past and present and future, are applied to denote the tenses of a verb. (Kh, L.) See also عَهْدٌ, last quarter.

A2: Also, applied to a place, (K,) and, with ة, to a land, (أَرْضٌ, S,) and to a meadow, (رَوْضَةٌ, A,) Rained upon by the rain called عَهْدٌ (S, * K) or عَهْدَةٌ. (A.) مُعَاهِدٌ and مُعَاهَدٌ: see عَهِيدٌ: and see also عَهْدٌ, former half. معاهد [i. e. either the act. or the pass. part. n.] is mostly applied in the trads. to A person of the class called أَهْلُ الذِّمَّةِ [or أَهْلُ العَهْدِ, expl. voce عَهْدٌ]: but sometimes it is applied also to any other of the unbelievers with whom one is on terms of peace, or with whom peace has been made, for a definite time. (L.)

عور

1 عَوِرَ, (O, K,) said of a man, (O,) aor. ـْ inf. n. عَوَرٌ, (S, O, K,) He was, or became, blind of one eye: (K:) [or he became one-eyed; wanting one eye: or one of his eyes sank in its socket: or one of his eyes dried up: see what next follows:] as also عَارَ, aor. ـَ and ↓ اعورّ; (K;) and ↓ اعوارّ. (Sgh, K.) And عَوِرَتْ عَيْنُهُ, (Az, S, IKtt, O, Msb,) aor. ـْ (Az, Msb,) inf. n. عَوَرٌ; (IKtt, Msb;) and عَارَتْ, aor. ـَ (Az, S, IKtt, O) and تِعَارُ; (IKtt, TA;) and ↓ اعورّت; (Az, S, IKtt, O;) and ↓ اعوارّت; (Az, O, TA;) His eye became blind: (TA:) or became wanting: or sank in its socket: (Msb:) or dried up. (IKtt, TA.) Ibn-Ahmar says, أَعَارَتْ عَيْنُهُ أَمْ لَمْ تَعَارَا [Has his eye become blind or has it not indeed become blind?] meaning تَعَارَنْ; but, pausing, he makes it to end with ا: in عَوِرَتْ, the و is preserved unaltered because it is so preserved in the original form, which is اِعْوَرَّتْ, on account of the quiescence of the letter immediately preceding: then the augmentatives, the ا and the teshdeed, are suppressed, and thus the verb becomes عَوِرَ: for that اعورّت is the original form is shown by the form of the sister-verbs, اِسْوَدَّ and اِحْمَرَّ; and the analogy of verbs significant of faults and the like, اِعْرَجَّ and اِعْمَىَّ as the original forms of عَرِجَ and عَمِىَ; though these may not have been heard. (S, O. [See also صَيِدَ.]) b2: عَارَتِ الرَّكِيَّةُ, aor. ـُ [or تَعْوَرُ or تَعَارُ?], (tropical:) The well became filled up. (TA.) A2: عَارَهُ, (O, K,) aor. ـُ (TA;) and ↓ أَعُوَرَهُ, (K,) inf. n. إِعْوَارٌ; (TA;) and ↓ عوّرهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَعْوِيرٌ; (TA;) He rendered him blind of one eye. (K.) And عَارَ عَيْنَهُ, (S, M, IKtt, O, Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. عَوْرٌ: (IKtt;) and (more commonly, M) ↓ أَعْوَرَهَا; and ↓ عوّرها; (S, M, IKtt, Msb;) He put out his eye: (IKtt, Msb: *) or made it to sink in its socket. (Msb.) Some say that عُرْتُ عَيْنَهُ and ↓ أَعَارَهَا [sic] are from عَائِرٌ, q. v. (TA.) b2: عَارَ الرَّكِيَّةَ and ↓ اعارها signify the same as ↓ عوّرها, (tropical:) He marred, or spoiled, the well, so that the water dried up: (A, TA:) or he filled it up with earth, so that the springs thereof became stopped up: and in like manner, عُيُونَ الميَاهِ ↓ عوّر he stopped up the sources of the waters: (Sh, TA:) and عَيْنَ الرَّكِيَّةِ ↓ عوّر he filled up the source of the well, so that the water dried up. (S.) A3: عَارَهُ, aor. ـُ and يَعِيرُهُ, (S, K,) or the aor. is not used, or, accord. to IJ, it is scarcely ever used, (TA,) or some say يُعُورُهُ, (Yaakoob,) or يَعِيرُهُ, (Aboo-Shibl,) He, or it, took, and went away with, him, or it: (S, O, K:) or destroyed him, or it. (K, TA.) One says, مَا أَدْرِى أَىُّ الجَرَادِ عَارَهُ I know not what man went away with him, or it: (S, O, TA:) or took him, or it. (TA.) It is said to be only used in negative phrases: but Lh mentions أَرَاكَ عُرْتَهُ, and عِرْتَهُ, I see thee, or hold thee, to have gone away with him, or it: [see also art. عير:] IJ says, It seems that they have scarcely ever used the aor. of this verb because it occurs in a prov. respecting a thing that has passed away. (TA.) A4: See also 3 in art. عر.2 عَوَّرَ see 1, in five places: A2: and see 3.3 عاورهُ الشَّىْءَ He did with the thing like as he (the other) did with it: (S:) [or he did the thing with him by turns; for] المُعَاوَرَةُ is similar to المُدَاوَلَةُ, with respect to a thing that is between two, or mutual. (TA. [See also 6.]) b2: See also 4.

A2: عاور المَكَايِيلَ i. q. عَايَرَهَا; [q. v. in art. عير;] (S, O, K;) as also ↓ عوّرها. (K.) 4 أَعْوَرَ see 1, in four places.

A2: اعارهُ الشَّىْءَ, (Az, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِعَارَةٌ and ↓ عَارَةٌ; like as you say أَطَاعَهُ, inf. n. إِطَاعَةٌ and طَاعَةٌ, and أَجَابَهُ, inf. n. إِجَابَةٌ and جَابَةٌ; (Az, Msb;) [or rather عَارَةٌ is a quasi-inf. n.; and so is طَاعَةٌ, and جَابَةٌ;] and اعارهُ مِنْهُ; and إِيَّاهُ ↓ عاورهُ; (K;) [accord. to the TK, all signify He lent him the thing: but the second seems rather to signify he lent him of it: and respecting the third, see 3 above.] For three exs., see 10. سَيْفٌ أُعِيرَتْهُ المَنِيَّةُ (tropical:) [A sword which fate has had lent to it] is an appellation applied to a man, by En-Nábighah. (TA.) [See also 4 in art. عير.]

A3: أَعُوَرَ (tropical:) It (a thing) appeared; and was, or became, within power, or reach. (IAar, K, TA.) One says, أَعْوَرَ لَكَ الصَّيْدُ (tropical:) The object of the chase has become within power, or reach, to thee; (S, O, TA;) and so أَعُوَرَكَ. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) It (a thing) had a place that was a cause of fear, i. e. what is termed عَوْرَةٌ, appearing [in it]. (Ham p. 34.) (tropical:) He (a horseman) had, appearing in him, a place open and exposed to striking (S, O, TA) and piercing. (TA.) (tropical:) It (a place of abode) had a gap, or breach, appearing in it: (TA:) and [so] a house, or chamber, by its wall's being in a state of demolition. (IKtt, TA.) 5 تَعَوَّرَ see 6: see also 10, in two places: and see 5 in art. عير.6 تعاوروا الشَّىْءِ, and ↓ اِعْتَوَرُوهُ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and ↓ تعوّروهُ, (S, O, K,) They took the thing, or did it, by turns; syn. تَدَاوَلُوهُ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ: (S, O, TA:) the و is apparent [not changed into ا] in اعتوروا because it signifies the same as تعاوروا. (S.) Aboo-Kebeer says, وَإِذَا الكُمَاةُ تَعَاوَرُوا طَعْنَ الكُلَى

[And when the men clad in armour interchange the piercing of the kidneys]. (TA.) And in a trad. it is said, يَتَعَاوَرُونَ عَلَى مِنبرِى They will ascend my pulpit one after another, by turns; whenever one goes, another coming after him. (TA.) One says also, تعاور القَوْمُ فُلَانًا, meaning The people aided one another in beating such a one, one after another. (TA.) And تَعَاوَرْنَا فُلَانًا ضَرْبًا We beat such a one by turns; I beating him one time, and another another time, and a third another time. (TA.) And القَتِيلَ رَجُلَانِ ↓ اعتور Each of the two men [in turn] struck the slain man. (Mgh.) And تَعَاوَرَتِ الرِّيَاحُ رَسْمَ الدَّارِ (tropical:) (tropical:) The winds blew by turns upon, or over, the remains that marked the site of the house, or dwelling; (S, O; *) syn. تَنَاوَبَتْهُ, (S,) or تَدَاوَلَتْهُ; one time blowing from the south, and another time from the north, and another time from the east, and another time from the west: (Az, TA:) or blew over them perseveringly, so as to obliterate them; (Lth, TA;) a signification doubly tropical: but Az says that this is a mistake. (TA.) And doubly tropical is the saying ↓ الاِسْمُ تَعْتَوِرُهُ حَرَكَاتُ الإِعْرَابِ (tropical:) (tropical:) [The noun has the vowels of desinential syntax by turns; having at one time رَفْعٌ, at another نَصْبٌ, and at another خَفْضٌ]. (TA.) تَعَاوُرٌ and ↓ اِعْتِوَارٌ denote that this has the place of this, and this the place of this: one says هٰذَا مَرَّةً وَهٰذَا مَرَّةً ↓ اِعْتَوَارَاهُ [They two took it, or did it, by turns; this, one time; and this, one time]: but you do not say اِعْتَوَرَ زَيْدٌ عَمْرًا. (IAar.) b2: تَعَاوَرْنَا العَوَارِىَّ (tropical:) We lent loans, one to another: (Az:) and هُمْ يَتَعَاوَرُونُ العَوَارِىَّ (tropical:) They lend loans, one to another. (S, * Msb.) [See also 10.]8 إِعْتَوَرَ see 6, in five places.9 إِعْوَرَّ see 1, first quarter, in two places.10 استعار and ↓ تعوّر (O, K) He asked, or demanded, or sought, what is termed عَارِيَّة [a loan]. (K.) It is said in the story of the [golden] calf, بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ ↓ مِنْ حَلْىٍ تَعَوَّرَهُ i. e. اِسْتَعَارُوهُ [Of ornaments which the children of Israel had asked to be lent, or had borrowed]. (TA.) b2: You say also ↓ اِسْتَعَرْتُ مِنْهُ الشَّىْءَ فَأَعَارَنِيهِ, (Mgh, Msb, K, *) and اِسْتَعَرْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ, (Mgh, TA,) suppressing the preposition, (Mgh,) I asked of him the loan of the thing [and he lent it to me]. (K, TA.) and ↓ اِسْتَعَرْتُ مِنْهُ عَارِيَّةً فَأَعَارَنِيهَا [I asked of him a loan and he lent it to me]. (TA.) And اِسْتَعَارَهُ ثَوْبًا

إِيَّاهُ ↓ فَأَعَارَهُ [He asked him to lend to him a garment, or piece of cloth, and he lent it to him]. (S, O.) b3: استعار سَهْمًا مِنْ كِنَانَتِهِ (tropical:) He raised and transferred an arrow from his quiver. (TA in arts. عور and عير.) b4: [Hence, استعار لَفْظًا (tropical:) He used a word metaphorically.]11 إِعْوَاْرَّ see 1, first quarter, in two places.

عَارٌ: see art. عير.

عَوَرٌ inf. n. of عَوِرَ [q. v.]. (S, O, K.) See also عَوَرَةٌ. b2: Also Weakness, faultiness, or unsoundness; and so ↓ عَوْرَةٌ: badness, foulness, or unseemliness, in a thing: disgrace, or disfigurement. (TA.) [See also عَوَارٌ.]

A2: هٰذَا الأَمْرُ بَيْنَنَا عَوَرٌ means This is a thing, or an affair, that we do by turns. (TA, voce رَوَحٌ.) عَوِرٌ (tropical:) A thing having no keeper or guardian; [lit., having a gap, or an opening, or a breach, exposing it to thieves and the like;] as also ↓ مُعْوِرٌ. (TA.) You say ↓ مَكَانٌ مُعْوِرٌ (tropical:) A place in which one fears: (TA:) a place in which (فِيهِ [in one of my copies of the S مِنْهُ]) one fears being cut [or pierced (see 4)]; (S, TA;) as also ↓ مَكَانٌ عَوْرَةٌ; which is doubly tropical: (TA:) and ↓ طَرِيقٌ مُعْوِرَةٌ (tropical:) a road in which is an opening, in which one fears losing his way and being cut off: and ↓ مُعْوِرٌ signifies within the power of a person; open, and exposed: appearing; and within power, or reach: and a place feared. (TA.) I'Ab and some others read, in the Kur [xxxiii. 13], إِنَّ بُيُوتَنَا عَوِرَةٌ, meaning, ذَاتُ عَوْرَةٍ; (O, K;) i. e., (tropical:) Verily our houses are [open and exposed,] not protected, but, on the contrary, within the power of thieves, having no men in them: (O, TA:) or it means مُعْوِرَةٌ, i. e., next to the enemy, so that our goods will be stolen from them. (TA.) See also عَوْرَةٌ, last sentence but one.

عَارَةٌ: see 4: b2: and see also عَارِيَّةٌ.

عَوْرَةٌ The pudendum, or pudenda, (S, O, Msb, K,) of a human being, (S, O,) of a man and of a woman: (TA:) so called because it is abominable to uncover, and to look at, what is thus termed: (Msb:) said in the B to be from عَارٌ, meaning مَذَمَّةٌ: (TA:) [but see what is said voce عَارِيَّةٌ: the part, or parts, of the person, which it is indecent to expose:] in a man, what is between the navel and the knee: and so in a woman: (Jel in xxiv. 31:) or, in a free woman, all the person, except the face and the hands as far as the wrists; and respecting the hollow of the sole of the foot, there is a difference of opinion: in a female slave, like as in a man; and what appears of her in service, as the head and the neck and the fore arm, are not included in the term عورة. (TA.) [العَوْرَةُ المُغَلَّظَةُ means The anterior and posterior pudenda: العَوْرَةُ المُخَفَّفَةُ, the other parts included in the term عورة: so in the law-books.] The covering what is thus termed, in prayer and on other occasions, is obligatory: but respecting the covering the same in a private place, opinions differ. (TA.) The pl. is عَوْرَاتٌ: (S, O, Msb:) for the second letter of the pl. of فَعْلَةٌ as a subst. is movent only when it is not و nor ى: but some read [in the Kur xxiv. 31], عَوَرَاتِ النِّسَآءِ, (S, O,) which is of the dial. of Hudheyl. (Msb.) b2: A time in which it is proper for the عَوْرَة to appear; each of the following three times; before the prayer of daybreak; at midday; and after nightfall. (K.) These three times are mentioned in the Kur xxiv. 57. (TA.) b3: Anything that a man veils, or conceals, by reason of disdainful pride, or of shame or pudency: (Msb:) anything of which one is ashamed (S, O, K, TA) when it appears. (TA.) b4: See also عَوَرٌ. b5: (assumed tropical:) A woman: because one is ashamed at her when she appears, like as one is ashamed at the pudendum (العَوْرَة) when it appears: (L, TA:) or women. (Msb.) b6: Any place of concealment (مَكْمَنٌ) [proper] for veiling or covering. (K.) b7: A gap, an opening, or a breach, (T, Msb, K,) or any gap, opening, or breach, (S, O,) in the frontier of a hostile country, (T, S, O, Msb, K,) &c., (K,) or in war or battle, from which one fears (T, S, O, Msb) slaughter. (T.) b8: Sometimes it is applied as an epithet to an indeterminate subst.; and in this case it is applied to a sing. and to a pl., without variation, and to a masc. and a fem., like an inf. n. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [xxxiii. 13], إِنَّ بُيُوتَنَا عَوْرَةٌ (O, TA) [Verily our houses are open and exposed: or, as expl. by Bd and others, defenceless]: the epithet being here sing.; and the subst. to which it is applied, pl.: (TA:) but in this instance it may be a contraction of ↓ عَوِرَةٌ; and thus it has been read: (Bd:) see عَوِرٌ. b9: Also, (K,) or [the pl.] عَوْرَاتٌ, (S,) Clefts, or fissures, of mountains. (S, K.) عَوَرَةٌ a subst. meaning ↓ عَوَرٌ [q. v.]: (O:) [it is mentioned in the S as a subst., and app., from the context, as signifying عَوَرٌ, i. e. A blindness of one eye: (but expl. by Golius as meaning the succession of a worse after a better:) after the mention of رَجُلٌ أَعْوَرُ, and the phrase بَدَلٌ أَعْوَرُ and خَلَفٌ أَعْوَرُ, in the S, it is added, وَالاِسْمُ العَوَرَةُ, or, accord. to one copy, العَوْرَةُ; and then follows, وَقَدْ عَارَتِ العَيْنُ.]

عُورَانٌ a pl. of أَعْوَرُ [q. v.]; as also عِيرَانٌ. b2: It is also used as a sing.; رَكِيَّةٌ عُورَانٌ meaning (assumed tropical:) A well in a state of demolition. (O, K.) عَارِيَّةٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and sometimes عَارِيَةٌ, without teshdeed, (Msb, K,) when used in poetry, (Msb,) and ↓ عَارَةٌ, (S, O, K,) What is taken by persons by turns; expl. by مَا تَدَاوَلُوهُ بَيْنَهُمْ: (K:) [generally meaning a loan: and the act of lending;] the putting one in possession of the use of a thing without anything given in exchange: (KT, and Kull p. 262:) the returning of the thing thus termed is obligatory, when the thing itself remains in existence; and if it has perished, then one must be responsible for its value, accord. to Esh-Sháfi'ee, but not accord. to Aboo-Haneefeh: (TA:) pl. [of the first] عَوَارِىُّ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and [of the second] عَوَارٍ. (Msb, K.) A poet says, وَالْعَوَارِىُّ قَصَارٌ أَنْ تُرَدْ إِنَّمَا أَنْفُسُنَا عَارِيَّةٌ [Our souls are only a loan: and the end of loans is their being given back: تُرَدْ being for تُرَدَّ]. (S, O.) عَارِيَّةٌ is of the measure فَعْلِيَّةٌ: Az says that it is a rel. n. from عَارَةٌ, which is a subst. from

إِعَارَةٌ: (Mgh, * Msb:) Lth says that what is thus called is so called because it is a disgrace (عار) to him who demands it; and J says the like; and some say that it is from عَارَ الفَرَسُ, meaning, “the horse went away from his master: ” but both these assertions are erroneous; since عاريّة belongs to art. عور, for the Arabs say هُمْ يَتَعَاوَرُونَ العَوَارِىَّ, meaning they lend [loans], one to another; and عَارٌ and عَارَ الفَرَسُ belong to art. عير: therefore the correct assertion is that of Az. (Msb.) عَوَارٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ عُوَارٌ (Az, S, Msb, K) and ↓ عِوَارٌ (K) A fault; a defect; an imperfection; a blemish; something amiss; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) in an article of merchandise, (S, Mgh, Msb,) and in a garment, or piece of cloth, (TA,) and in a slave, (Msb,) and in a beast: (TA:) or in a garment, or piece of cloth, a hole, and a rent; (Lth, Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) and so in the like, and in a house or tent and the like; (TA;) and in a garment, or piece of cloth, also a burn; and a rottenness: (Mgh:) and some say that عَوَارٌ, with fet-h, is only in goods, or commodities, or articles of merchandise. (Msb.) Yousay سِلْعَةٌ ذَاتُ عَوَارٍ, and ↓ عُوَارٍ, accord. to Az, An article of merchandise having a fault, or the like. (S.) [See also عَوَرٌ.]

عُوَارٌ: see عَوَارٌ, in two places.

عِوَارٌ: see عَوَارٌ.

عُوَيْرٌ: see أَعْوَرُ, of which it is the dim.

عَيِّرَةُ عَيْنَيْنِ: see عَائِرٌ.

عُوَّارٌ: see عَائِرٌ, in four places.

عَائِرٌ Anything that causes disease in the eye, (K, TA,) and wounds: so called because the eye becomes closed on account of it, and the person cannot see, the eye being as it were blinded: (TA:) ophthalmia; syn. رَمَدٌ; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ عُوَّارٌ: (Msb:) which latter also signifies foul, thick, white matter, that collects in the inner corner of the eye; not fluid; syn. رَمَصٌ: (Msb:) or both signify a fluid matter that makes the eye smart, as though a mote, or the like, had fallen into it: (Lth:) and both signify a mote, or the like, (S, O, K,) in the eye: (S:) or (TA, in the K “ and ”) عَائِرٌ signifies pimples, or small pustules, in the lower eyelid: (K:) a subst., not an inf. n., nor an act. part. n.: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ عُوَّارٌ is عَوَاوِيرُ, and, by poetic license, عَوَاوِرُ. (TA.) One says ↓ بِعَيْنِهِ عُوَّارٌ, meaning, In his eye is a mote, or the like. (S.) b2: عَيْنٌ عَائِرَةٌ An eye in which is the fluid matter called ↓ عُوَّار: but when the eye has this, you do not say of it عَارَتْ. (Lth.) b3: عَائِرُ العَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) What fills, or satisfies, the eye (مَا يَمْلَؤُهَا), of مَال [meaning camels or the like], so as almost to put it out; and in like manner عَائِرَةُ عَيْنَيْنِ. (TA.) One says, عِنْدَهُ مِنَ المَالِ عَائِرَةُ عَيْنٍ, (S, O,) or عَائِرَةُ عَيْنَيْنِ and ↓ عَيِّرَةُ عَيْنَيْنِ, (K, but with عَلَيْهِ in the place of عِنْدَهُ, and in the CK عِتْرَةُ is put for عَيِّرَةُ,) both of these mentioned by Lh, (TA,) i. e. (assumed tropical:) [He has, of camels or the like], what fill, or satisfy, (تَمْلَأُ,) his sight by the multitude thereof; (K;) or that at which the sight is confounded, or perplexed, by reason of the multitude thereof, as though it filled, or satisfied, the eye, and put it out: (S, O:) [and A'Obeyd says the like:] or, accord. to As, the Arab in the Time of Ignorance used, when his camels amounted to a thousand, to put out an eye of one of them; and hence, by عَائِرَةُ العَيْنِ they meant a thousand camels, whereof one had an eye put out. (TA.) A2: عَائِرٌ also signifies An arrow of which the shooter is not known; (S, O, K;) and in like manner, a stone: (S, O:) pl. عَوَائِرُ: (TA:) عَوَائِرُ نَبْلٍ means arrows in a scattered state, of which one knows not whence they have come. (IB, TA.) [See also art. عير.] and عَوَائِرُ (S, O, K) and ↓ عِيرَانٌ (K) signify Swarms of locusts in a scattered state: (S, O, K: [or] the first thereof going away in a scattered state, and few in number. (TA.) أَعْوَرُ Blind of one eye: (K:) one-eyed; wanting one eye: or having one of his eyes sunk in its socket: (Msb:) or having one of his eyes dried up: (IKtt:) applied to a man, (S, Msb,) and to a camel, &c.: (TA:) fem. عَوْرَآءُ: (Msb:) pl. عُورٌ and عُورَانٌ (O, K) and عِيرَانٌ. (K.) The أَعْوَر is considered by the Arabs as of evil omen. (TA.) It is said in a prov., أَعْوَرُ عَيْنَكَ وَالحَجَرَ [O oneeyed, preserve thine eye (thine only eye) from the stone]. (Meyd, TA.) b2: Squint-eyed; syn. أَحْوَلُ: (TA:) and عَوْرَآءُ the same, applied to a woman. (K, TA.) b3: A crow: (S, O, K:) so called as being deemed inauspicious; (S, O, TA;) or by antiphrasis, (TA,) because of the sharpness of his sight; (S, O, TA;) or because, when he desires to croak, he closes his eyes; (O, TA;) and ↓ عُوَيْرٌ is the dim., (S, O,) and signifies the same. (K.) b4: فَلَاةٌ عَوْرَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A desert in which is no water. (S, O.) b5: طَرِيقٌ أَعْوَرُ (tropical:) A road in which is no sign of the way. (K, TA.) b6: عَوْرَآءُ القُرِّ (assumed tropical:) A night (لَيْلَةٌ), (O, TA,) and a morning (غَدَاةٌ), and a year (سَنَةٌ), (TA,) in which is no cold. (Th, O, TA.) b7: أَعْوَرُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) Anything, (O, K, TA,) and any disposition, temper, or nature, (TA,) bad, corrupt, abominable, or disapproved: (O, K, TA:) fem. as above. (TA.) b8: بَدَلٌ أَعْوَرُ (assumed tropical:) [A bad substitute]: a prov. applied to a man who is dispraised succeeding one who is praised: and sometimes they said خَلَفٌ أَعْوَرُ: and Aboo-Dhu-eyb uses the expression خِلَافٌ عُورٌ; as though he made خِلَافٌ pl. of خَلَفٌ, like as جِبَالٌ is pl. of جَبَلٌ. (S, O.) b9: عَوْرَآءُ (tropical:) A bad, an abominable, or a foul, word or saying; (AHeyth, S, A, O, K;) opposed to عَيْنَآءُ: (AHeyth, A, TA:) i. q. سَقْطَةٌ; (S, O;) i. e. a bad word or saying, that swerves from rectitude: (TA:) or a word or saying that falls inconsistent with reason and rectitude: (Lth:) or a word or saying which the ear rejects; and in the pl. sense you say عُورَانُ الكَلَامِ: (Az:) or a bad, an abominable, or a foul, action: (K:) as though the word or saying, or the action, blinded the eye: the attribute which it denotes is transferred to the word or saying, or the action; but properly its author is meant. (TA.) b10: مَعَانٍ عُورٌ, in a trad. of 'Omar, (assumed tropical:) Obscure, subtile, meanings. (TA.) b11: See also the pl. عِيرَانٌ voce عَائِرٌ, last sentence.

اِسْتِعَارَةٌ [inf. n. of 10. b2: And hence, (tropical:) A metaphor].

مُعْوِرٌ: see عَوِرٌ, in four places.

مُسْتَعَارٌ [Borrowed; or asked, demanded, or sought, as a loan;] pass. part. n. of 10 as used in the phrase اِسْتَعَارَهُ ثَوْبًا [q. v.] so in the following verse of Bishr (S, O) Ibn-Abee-Házim, describing a horse: (O:) كَأَنَّ حَفِيفَ مَنْخِرِهِ إِذَا مَا كَتَمْنَ الرَّبْوُ كِيرٌ مُسْتَعَارُ

[As though the sound of the wind of his nostril, when they (i. e. other horses) suppressed loud breathing, were the sound of the wind of a borrowed blacksmith's bellows]: or, as some say, مستعار here means مُتَعَاوَرٌ i. e. مُتَدَاوَلٌ [app. worked by turns]: (S, O:) he means that his nostril was wide, not suppressing the loud breathing, when other beasts suppressed the breath by reason of the narrowness of the place of exit thereof. (S in art. كتم.) b2: [And hence, (tropical:) A word, or phrase, used metaphorically.]

عور تَعَاوَرُوْه ضَرْباً واعْتَوَرُوْه: تَعَاوَنُوا فَكُلَّما كَفَّ واحِدٌ ضَرَبَ آخَرُ، ومنه: تَعَاوَرَ الرِّياحُ الرَّسْمَ. والعائرُ في العَيْن والعُوّارُ: الرَّمَدُ، ويُقال: البَثْرَةُ في الجَفْن الأسفل، وقيل: اللَّحم الذي يُنْزَعُ منها بعد الذَّرُوْر. وعَيْنٌ عائرَةٌ: ذاتُ عُوّارٍ. وعارَتِ العَيْنُ تَعَارُ عَوَراً وَعَوِرَتْ وَاعْوَرَّتْ: ذَهَبَتْ. وأعْوَرْتُها وعَوَّرْتُها، وعُرْتُها أنا، وفي مَثَلٍ: " كالكَلْبِ عَارَه ظُفْرُه " يُضْرَبُ لمن يأتي بما يرجِعُ عليه بسُوْء.
والعُوَّارُ: ضَرْبٌ من الخَطاطِيْفِ، والرَّجُلُ الضَّعيفُ الجَبَانُ. والذي لا يأتيكَ بِخَيْرٍ من شُؤمِه. والدُّوْنُ من الأُمُورِ والرِّجالِ.
والأَعْوَرُ: الذي ع
ُوِّرَ عن حاجَتِه فلم تُقْضَ: أي عُوِّقَ. ومن السِّهَام: الذي لا يَخْرُجُ وإذا خَرَجَ أُعِيْدَ. والذي لا سَوْطَ مَعَه، وجَمْعُه عُوْرٌ، وكذلك العُوّار. والصُّؤابُ في الرَّأس، وجَمْعُه أعَاوِرُ. ويُسَمَى الغُرَابُ أَعْوَرَ تَشَاؤُماً عليه، وقيل: بل لأنَّ حَدَقَتَه سَوْداءُ. ويُقال في زَجْرِه: عُوَيرُ عُوَيْرُ، وأعْوَرَ عَوَّرَ اللهُ عَيْنَكَ.
وفي المَثَلِ: " بَدَلٌ أَعْوَرُ " يُضرَبُ في المذْمُوم يَخْلَفُ المحمودَ. والعَوْرَاءُ: الكَلِمَةُ القَبيحةُ.
ودِجْلَةُ العَوْرَاءُ: بالعِراق. ولَيْلَةٌ عَوْراءُ القُرِّ: ليس فيها بَرْدٌ. والعَوْرَةُ: السَّوْءَةُ. وكُلُّ ما يُسْتَحى منه. ومَوْضِعُ المَخَافَة، يُقال: عَوِرَ المَكانُ عَوَراً، وقُرِيءَ: " إنَّ بُيُوتَنا عَوِرَةٌ " وأعْوَرَ لَكَ الشَّيْءُ: أمْكَنَتْكَ عَوْرَتُه. ومكانٌ مَعْوِرٌ: مَخْوفٌ. والمُعْوِرُ: الفاسِقُ، وكأنَّه البادِي العَوْرَة. وكُلُّ ما طَلَبْتَه فأمْكَنَكَ: فقد أعْوَرَكَ وأعْوَرَ لَكَ. وأعْوَرَ الغَنَمُ: أمْكَنَتِ الضَّيْعَة، وعَوَّرَها الراعي.
وقَوْلُه تعالى: " ثَلاَثُ عَوْرات لكم ": فهي ثَلاثُ ساعاتٍ في اللَّيْلِ والنَّهار.
وعُوَارُ الثَّوْبِ وعَوَاره: لُغَتانِ. والعَوَرُ: تَرْكُ الحَقِّ. ووَرَدَتْ عليه عائرةُ عَيْنٍ من المالِ: أي إبِلٌ كثيرةٌ. وسَلَكْتُ مَفَازَةً. فما رَأَيْتُ بها عائرةَ عَيْنٍ: أي ما يَحْجُبُ العَيْنَ عن النَّظَرِ إلى غيرِه. وسَهْمٌ عائرٌ: لا يُدْرى من أيْنَ يأتي. وفي المَثَلِ: " قَبْلَ عَيْرٍ وما جَرى ". وما أدْري أيُّ الجَرَادِ عَارَه أيْ أيَّ الناسِ ذَهَبَ به وإني لأرَاكَ عُرْتَهُ وعِرْتَه: أيْ أخَذْتَه وأتْلَفْتَه، ومنه المَثَلُ: " عَيْرٌ عَارَه وَتدُه " أي أَهْلَكَه.
وأعَارَتِ الدَّابَّةُ حافِرَها: قَلَبَتْه، ومنه: الاسْتِعارةُ والعَارَةُ والعارِيَّةُ. وتَعَوَّرْتُ الشَّيْءَ: اسْتَعَرْتَه، ويُقال: الزَّمَانُ يَسْتَعِيرُه ثِيَابَه: إذا كَبِرَ وخَشِيَ المَوْتَ.
والمُسْتَعارُ: المُتَدَاوَلُ. وفَرَسٌ مُعَارٌ: سَمِيْنٌ. وعَوَّرْتُ عنه: كذَّبْتَ عنه. وعَوَّرْتُ الرَّكِيَّةَ: كَبَسْتَها. ورَكِيَّةٌ عُوْرَانٌ: مُتَهَدِّمَةٌ، ويُقال: في الجَمْع أيضاً: عُوْرَانٌ.
وعاوَرْتُ الشَّمْسَ: راقَبْتَها. والإِعَارَةُ: اعْتِسَارُ الفَحْل للنّاقَةِ. وعاوَرْتُ المِكْيَالَ: لُغَةٌ في عايَرْتُه. ومُسْتَعِيْرُ الحُسْنِ: طائرٌ أَحْمَرُ أَسْوَدُ الرَّأس وفي حَوْصَلَتِه خَطٌّ أسْوَدُ. وعُوّيْرٌ: اسْمٌ مَوْضِعٍ. واسْمُ رَجُلٍ.

ع و ر
. {العَوَرُ أَطْلَقَهُ المصنّفِ، فأَوْهَم أَنّه بِالْفَتْح، وَهُوَ مُحرَّك، وكأَنَّه اعْتمد على الشُّهْرَة قَالَه شَيْخُنا ذَهابُ حِسِّ إِحْدَى العَيْنَيْنِ. وَقد} عَوِرَ، كفرِحَ، {عَوَراً، وإِنّمَا صَحَّت العَيْنُ فِي عَوِر لأَنّه فِي معنَى مَا لابُدَّ من صِحَّتِه.} وعارَ {يَعارُ} وعَارَتْ هِيَ {تَعَارُ} وتِعَارُ، الأَخِيرُ ذَكَرَه ابنُ القَطّاع، {واعْوَرَّ} واعْوارَّ، كاحْمَرَّ واحْمارَّ، الأَخيرَةُ نَقَلَها الصاغانيّ، فَهُوَ أَعْوَرُ بَيِّن العَوَرِ. وَفِي الصّحاح {عَوِرَتْ عَيْنُه} واعْوَرَّت، إِذا ذَهَبَ بَصَرُها، وإِنّمَا صَحَّت الْوَاو فِيهِ لِصِحَّتها فِي أَصْله، وَهُوَ اعْوَرَّت لِسُكُون مَا قَبْلَهَا ثمَّ حُذِفَت الزَّوَائدُ: الأَلِفُ والتَّشْدِيد، فبَقِى عَوِرَ يَدُلّ على أَنّ ذَلِك أَصْلُه مَجئُ أَخواتِه على هَذَا: اسْوَدَّ يَسْوَدّ، واحْمَرَّ يَحْمَرّ، وَلَا يُقَال فِي الأَلْوَان غَيْرُه. قَالَ: وَكَذَلِكَ قِياسُه فِي العُيثوب: اعْرَجَّ واعْمَىَّ، فِي عَرِجَ وعَمِىَ، وإِنْ لم يُسْمَعْ، ج {عُورٌ} وعِيرَانٌ {وعُورَانٌ. وَقَالَ الأَزهريّ:} عَارَتْ عَيْنُه {تَعاُر،} وعَوِرَتْ {تَعْوَرُ،} واعْوَرَّت {تَعْوَرّ،} واعْوَارّت {تَعْوَارّ: بِمَعْنى وَاحِد.} وعارَُه {يَعُورُهُ،} وأَعْوَرَهُ {إِعْوَاراً} وعَوَّرَهُ {تَعْوِيراً: صَيَّرَهُ} أَعْوَرَ. وَفِي الْمُحكم: {وأَعْوَرَ اللهُ عَيْنَ فُلان} وعَوَّرها. ورُبّمَا قَالُوا: {عُرْتُ عَينَه. وَفِي تَهْذِيبِ ابْن القَطّاع:} وعَارَ عَيْنَ الرَّجُلِ {عَوْراً،} وأَعْوَرَهَا: فَقَأَها، {وعَارَتْ هِيَ،} وعَوَّرتُها أَنا، {وعَوِرَتْ هِيَ} عَوَراً، {وأَعْوَرَتْ: يَبِسَتْ. وَفِي الخَبَر: الهَدِيَّةُ} تَعُورُ عَيْنَ السُّلْطَانِ. ثمّ قَالَ: {وأَعْوَرْتُ عينَه لُغَة، انتَهى.
وأَنشد الأَزهريّ قولَ الشَّاعِر:
(فجاءَ إِلَيْهَا كاسِراً جَفْنَ عَيْنِه ... فقُلْتُ لَهُ مَنْ} عارَ عَيْنَكَ عَنْتَرَهْ) يقولُ: مَنْ أَصابَها {بعُوّار وَيُقَال:} عُرْتُ عَيْنَه {أَعُورها،} وأَعارُها، من {العائر.} والأَعْوَرُ: الغُرابُ، على التَّشاؤُم بِهِ، لأَنَّ {الأَعْوَر عِنْدهم مَشْؤُومٌ. وقِيل: لِخِلافِ حالِه، لأَنّهم يقولونَ: أَبْصَرُ من غُراب. وقالُوا: إِنّما سُمِّيَ الغُرابُ} أَعْوَرَ لحِدَّة بَصَرِه، كَمَا يُقَال للأَعْمَى: أَبو بَصِيرٍ، وللحَبَشِيّ أَبو البَيْضَاءِ، وَيُقَال للأَعْمَى: بَصِيرٌ، {وللأَعْوَرِ: الأَحْوَلُ، وَفِي التكملة: ويُقال: سُمِّىَ الغُراب أَعْوَرَ لأَنّه إِذا أَرادَ أَنْ يَصِيحَ يُغمِّضُ عَيْنَيْه،} كالعُوَيْرِ، على تَرْخِيم التَّصْغِير. قَالَ الأَزهريّ: سُمِىَ الغُرَابُ أَعْوَر، ويُصُاح بِهِ فيُقَال: {عُوَيْرُ عُوَيْرُ، وأَنشد: وصِحاحُ العُيُونِ) يُدْعَوْنَ} عُورََا. وقِيلَ: الأَعْوَرُ: الرَّدِئُ مِنْ كلِّ شَيْءٍ من الأُمورِ والأَخْلاقِ، وَهِي {عَوْرَاءُ.
والأَعْوَر أَيضاً: الضَّعِيفُ الجَبَانُ البَلِيدُ الَّذي لَا يَدُلّ على الخَيْرِ وَلَا يَنْدَلُّ وَلَا خَيْرَ فِيهِ، قَالَه ابنُ الأَعرابيّ، وأَنْشد: إِذا هَابَ جُثْمَانَه الأَعْوَرُ. يَعْنِي بالجُثْمَان سَوادَ اللَّيْل ومُنْتَصَفَه. وَقيل: هُوَ الدَّلِيلُ السَّيِّئُ الدَّلالةِ الَّذِي لَا يُْحِسُن يَدُلّ وَلَا يَنْدَلّ قَالَه ابنُ الأَعْرَابِيّ أَيضاً، وأَنْشَد:
(مَا لَكَ يَا أَعْوَرُ لَا تَنْدَلُّ ... وكَيفَ يَنْدَلُّ امْرُؤُ عِثْوَلُّ)
والأَعْوَرُ من الكُتُبِ: الدارِسُ، كأَنَّه من العَوَر، وَهُوَ الخَلَلُ والعَيْبُ. وَمن المَجَاز: الأَعْوَرُ: مَنْ لَا سَوْطَ مَعَهُ، والجَمْع} عُورٌ قَالَه الصاغانيّ. والأَعْوَرُ: مَنْ لَيْسَ لَهُ أَخٌ من أَبَوَيْه وَبِه فُسِّر مَا جاءَ فِي الحَدِيث لَمَّا اعْتَرَضَ أَبو لَهَب على النبيّ صلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وسلَّم عِنْد إِظهارِ الدَّعْوَةِ، قَالَ لَهُ أَبو طالِب:على مُعْتَلٍّ، وَهُوَ كَمَا تَراه مُعْتَلّ. والعائِرُ من السِّهام: مَا لَا يُدْرَي رامِيهِ وَكَذَا من الحِجَارَة. وَمن ذَلِك الحدِيث: أَنَّ رَجُلاً أَصابَهُ سَهْمٌ {عائِرٌ فقَتَلَه وَالْجمع} العَوَائِرُ، وأَنشد أَبو عُبَيْدٍ:)
(أَخْشَى عَلَى وَجْهِكَ يَا أَمِيرُ ... {عَوائِراً من جَنْدَلٍ} تَعِيرُ)
وَفِي التَّهْذِيب فِي تَرْجَمَة نسأَ: وأَنشد لمالِكِ بن زُغْبَةَ الباهِلِيّ:
(إِذا انْتَسَؤُوا فَوْتَ الرِّمَاحِ أَتَتْهُمُ ... {عَوَائِرُ نَبْلٍ كالجَرادِ نُطِيرُها)
قَالَ ابنُ برّىّ: عَوائرُ نَبْلٍ، أَي جَماعَةُ سِهامٍ مُتَفَرِّقَة لَا يُدْرَى من أَيْنَ أَتَتْ. وعائِرُ العَيْنِ: مَا يَمْلَؤُها من المالِ حتَّى يَكادَ} يَعُورُها. يُقال: عَلَيْه من المالِ عائِرَةُ عَيْنَيْنِ، {وعَيِّرةُ عَيْنَيْن، بتَشْدِيدِ الياءِ المَكْسُورة كِلاهُما عَن اللّحْيَانيّ، أَي كَثْرةٌ تَمْلأُ بَصَرَهُ. وَقَالَ مرّة: أَي مَا يَكادُ مِنْ كَثْرَتِه يَفْقَأُ عَيْنَيِه. وَقَالَ الزمخشريّ: أَي بِمَا يَمْلَؤُهما ويَكادُ} يُعَوِّرهُما. وَقَالَ أَبو عُبَيْد: يُقَال للرَّجُل إِذا كَثُرَ مالُه: تَرِدُ على فُلانٍ {عائِرَةُ عَيْنٍ،} وعائِرَةُ عَيْنَيْن، أَي تَرِد عَلَيْهِ إِبِلٌ كثيرةٌ كأَنّهَا من كثْرتها تَمْلأُ العَيْنَيْن حتَّى تكادَ {تَعُورُهما، أَي تَفْقَؤُهما. وَقَالَ أَبو العبّاس: مَعْنَاهُ أَنّه مِنْ كَثْرَتها} تَعِير فِيهَا العَيْن. وَقَالَ الأَصمعيّ: أَصْلُ ذَلِك أَنّ الرَّجلَ من العَرَبِ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّة كَانَ إِذا بَلَغ إِبلُه أَلْفاً عارَ عَيْنَ بَعِير مِنْهَا، فأَرادُوا {بعائِرَةِ العَيْنِ أَلْفاً من الإِبِل} تُعَوَّرُ عَيْنُ واحِدٍ مِنْهَا. قَالَ الجَوْهَرِيّ: وَعِنْده من المالِ {عائِرَةُ عَيْنٍ، أَي يَحارُ فِيهِ البَصَر من كَثْرتِه كأَنّه يَمْلأُ العَيْن} فيَعُورُها. وَفِي الأَساسِ مِثْلُ مَا قَالَه الأَصمعيّ. {والعِوَارُ، مُثلَّثَةً، الفَتْحُ والضَّمُّ ذَكَرَهُما ابنُ الأَثِير: العَيْبُ يُقَال سِلْعَةٌ ذاتُ} عِوَار، أَي عَيْبٍ. وَبِه فُسِّر حَدِيثُ الزَّكاة: لَا يُؤْخَذُ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ هَرمَةٌ وَلَا ذاتُ {عَوَارٍ. والعَوَار أَيضاً: الخَرْقُ والشَّقُّ فِي الثَّوْبِ والبَيْتِ ونَحْوِهما. وَقيل: هُوَ عَيْبٌ فِيهِ فَلم يُعَيِّنْ ذَلِك قَالَ ذُو الرُّمةِ:
(تُبَيِّنُ نِسْبَةَ المَرَثِىّ لُؤْماً ... كَمَا بَيَّنْتَ فِي الأَدَمِ} العَوَارَا)
(و) {العُوّارُ، كرُمّانٍ: ضَرْبٌ من الخَطاطِيفِ أَسْوَدُ طَوِيلُ الجَنَاحَيْن. وعَمَّ الجَوْهَرِيُّ فَقَالَ: هُوَ الخُطّافُ، ويُنْشَد: كَمَا انْقَضَّ تَحْتَ الصِّيقِ} عُوّارُ. الصِّيقُ: الغُبَار. والعُوّار: اللَّحْم الذِي يُنْزَع من العَيْنِ بَعدَما يُذَرّ عَلَيْه الذَّرُور، وهُوَ من العُوّار، بمَعْنَى الرَّمَصِ الّذِي فِي الحَدَقَةِ {كالعَائِر، والجَمْعُ} عَوَاويِرُ، وَقد تَقَدّم. والعُوّار: الَّذِي لَا بَصَرَ لَهُ فِي الطَرِيقِ وَلَا هِدايَةَ، وَهُوَ لَا يَدُلُّ وَلَا يَنْدَلّ، كالأَعْوَر قَالَه الصاغانيّ. وَفِي بعض النُّسخ: بالطَّرِيق، ومِثْلُه فِي التّكْمِلَة. وَلَو قَالَ عِنْدَ ذِكْر معانِي الأَعْوَرِ: والدَّلِيل السَيِّئُ الدَّلالَة {كالعُوّار كَانَ أَخْصَرَ. والعُوّارُ: الضَّعِيفُ الجَبَانُ السَّرِيعُ الفِرَارِ،} كالأَعْوَر. وَلَو ذَكَرهُ فِي مَعانِي الأَعْوَرِ بعد قَوْله: الضَّعِيفُ الجَبَانُ فَقَالَ: كالعُوَّار كَانَ أَخْصَرَ. ج عَواوِيرُ قَالَ الأَعْشَى:)
(غَيْرُ مِيلٍ وَلَا عَواوِيرَ فِي الهَيْ ... جا وَلَا عُزَّلٍ وَلَا أَكْفَالِ)
قَالَ سِيبَوَيْهٍ: وَلم يُكْتَفَ فِيهِ بِالْوَاو وَالنُّون، لأَنّهُم قَلَّمَا يَصِفُون بِهِ المُؤَنّث، فَصَارَ كمِفْعالٍ ومِفْعِيل، وَلم يَصِر كفَعّال، وأَجْرَوْه مُجْرَى الصِّفَة، فجَمَعُوه بِالْوَاو والنُّون، كَمَا فَعلُوا ذَلِك فِي حُسّان وكُرّام. وَقَالَ الجوهَرِيّ: جَمْع {العُوّارِ الجَبَانِ العَوَاوِيرُ. قَالَ: وإِنْ شِئْتَ لم تُعَوِّضْ فِي الشّعر فقُلْتَ:} العَوَاوِرُ. وأَنشد لِلَبِيدٍ يُخَاطِبُ عَمَّه ويُعاتِبُه:
(وَفِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ ذِي حِفاظٍ بَلَوْتَنِى ... فقُمْتُ مَقاماً لم تَقُمْهُ العَوَاوِرُ)
وَقَالَ أَبو عليّ النحويّ: إِنّمَا صَحّت فِيهِ الوَاوُ مَعَ قُرْبِها من الطَّرَفِ لأَنّ الياءَ المحذوفةَ للضَّرُورَة مُرادَةٌ، فَهِيَ فِي حُكْمِ مَا فِي اللَّفْظ، فلمّا بَعُدَتْ فِي الحُكْم من الطَّرَف لم تُقْلَبْ همزَة.
والّذِين حاجاتُهم فِي أَدْبارِهم: {العُوّارَي، هَكَذَا فِي سَائِر النُّسخ. والصَّوابُ أَن هَذِه الجملةَ معطوفَةٌ على مَا قَبْلها، والمُرَاد،} والعُوّارُ أَيضاً: الَّذِين. . إِلى آخِره، وَهَكَذَا نَقله صَاحب اللِّسَان عَن كُراع. وشَجَرَةٌ، هَكَذَا فِي النّسخ، وهُو بِنَاء على أَنَّه مَعْطُوفٌ على مَا قَبْلَه. وَالصَّوَاب كَمَا فِي التكملة وَاللِّسَان: {والعُوّارَى: شَجَرَةٌ يُؤْخَذ هَكَذَا، بالياءِ التحيّة وَالصَّوَاب: تُؤْخَذ جِراؤُهَا فتُشْدَخُ ثمَّ تُيَبَّسُ ثمَّ تُذَرَّى ثمَّ تُحْمَل فِي الأَوْعِيَة فتُبَاع، وتُتَّخذ مِنْهَا مَخانِقُ بمَكَّةَ حَرَسها الله تَعالى هَكَذَا فَسَّرَه ابنُ الأَعْرَابِيّ. وَقَالَ ابنُ سِيدَه فِي المُحْكَم} والعُوّارُ: شَجَرَةٌ تَنْبُتُ نِبْتَةَ الشَّرْيَةِ، وَلَا تَشِبُّ، وَهِي خَضْراءُ، وَلَا تَنْبُت إِلاّ فِي أَجْوَافِ الشَّجَرِ الكِبَار. فَلِيُنْظَر هَلْ هِيَ الشَّجَرَةُ المذكُورةُ أَو غَيْرُها وَمن المَجَاز قولُهم: عجِبْتُ مِمَّنْ يُؤْثِرُ العَوْرَاء على العَيْنَاءِ، أَي الكَلِمَة القَبِيحَةَ على الحَسَنَةِ كَذَا فِي الأَساس. أَو العَوْراءُ: الفَعْلَةُ القَبِيحَةُ، وكِلاهُمَا من عَوَرِ العَيْن، لأَنّ الكَلِمَة أَو الفَعْلة كأَنَّهَا تَعُورُ العَيْنَ فيَمْنَعُهَا ذَلِك من الطُّمُوحِ وحِدَّة النَّظَر، ثمَّ حَوَّلُوها إِلى الكَلِمَة أَو الفَعْلَة، على المَثَل، وإِنّمَا يُرِيدُون فِي الحَقِيقَة صاحِبَها. قَالَ ابنُ عَنْقَاءَ الفَزازِيُّ يَمْدح ابنَ عَمَّه عُمَيْلَةَ، وَكَانَ عُمَيْلَةُ هَذَا قد جَبَرَه من فَقْرٍ:
(إِذا قِيلَتِ {العَوْراءُ أَغْضَى كَأَنَّه ... ذَلِيلٌ بِلا ذُلٍّ وَلَو شاءَ لانْتَصَرْ)
وَقَالَ أَبو الهَيْثَم: يُقَال لِلكَلِمَة القَبِيحَةِ:} عَوْرَاءُ، ولِلكَلِمَة الحَسْنَاءِ عَيْنَاءُ. وأَنشد قَوْلَ الشَّاعِر:
( {وعَوْرَاءَ جاءَت من أَخ فرَدَدْتُها ... بسالِمَةِ العَيْنَيْنِ طالِبَةً عُذْرَا)
أَي بكَلِمَةٍ حَسْنَاءَ لم تَكُنْ عَوْرَاءَ. وَقَالَ اللَّيْث: العَوْرَاءُ: الكَلِمَة الَّتِي تَهْوِى فِي غَيْرِ عَقْلٍ وَلَا رُشْد. وَقَالَ الجوهريّ: الكَلِمَةُ العَوْرَاءُ: القَبِيحَة، وَهِي السَّقْطَةُ، قَالَ حاتِمُ طَيّئ:)
(وأَغْفِرُ عَوْرَاءَ الكَرِيمِ ادِّخارَهُ ... وأُعْرِض عَن شَتْمِ اللَّئِيم تَكرُّمَا)
أَي لادِّخارِه. وَفِي حَدِيثِ عائشةَ رَضِيَ الله عَنْهَا: يَتَوَضَّأُ أَحَدُكم من الطَّعام الطَّيّبِ وَلَا يَتَوَضّأُ من العَوْرَاءِ يَقُولُها. أَي الكَلِمَة القَبِيحَة الزّائغَة عَن الرُّشْد.} وعُورَانُ الكَلامِ: مَا تَنْفِيه الأُذنُ، وَهُوَ مِنْهُ، الواحِدَة عَوْرَاءُ عَن أَبي زَيْد، وأَنشد:
(وعَوْراءَ قد قِيلَتْ فلَمْ أَسْتَمِعْ لَهَا ... وَمَا الكَلِمُ {العُورَانُ لي بقَتُولِ)
وَصَفَ الكَلِمَ} بالعُورَانِ لأَنّه جَمْعٌ، وأَخْبَرَ عَنهُ بالقَتُول وَهُوَ وَاحِد لأَن الكَلِمَ يُذكَّر ويُؤَنَّث، وَكَذَلِكَ كلُّ جمع لَا يُفَارِق واحِدَه إِلاّ بالهاءِ، وَلَك فِيهِ كُلّ ذَلِك كَذا فِي اللّسان. قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: والعَرَبُ تقولُ للأَحْوَلِ العَيْنِ: أَعْوَرُ، وللمَرْأَة الحَوْلاء: هِيَ عَوْراءُ، ورأَيْتُ فِي البادِيَة امْرَأَةً عَوْرَاء يُقَال لَهَا حَوْلاءُ. {والعَوَائِرُ من الجَرَادِ: الجَمَاعَاتُ المُتَفَرِّقَة، مِنْهُ، وَكَذَا من السِّهام،} كالعِيرَانِ، بالكَسْر، وَهِي أَوائلُة الذاهِبَةُ المُتَفَرِّقَةُ فِي قِلَّة. {والعَوْرَةُ، بالفَتْح: الخَلَلُ فِي الثَّغْرِ وغَيْرِه، كالحَرْبِ. قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ:} العَوْرَةُ فِي الثُّغُورِ والحُرُوبِ: خَلَلٌ يُتَخَوَّفُ مِنْهُ القَتْلُ. وَقَالَ الجَوْهَرِيّ: العَوْرَةُ: كلُّ خَلَلٍ يُتَخَوَّفُ مِنْهُ من ثَغْرٍ أَو حَرْبٍ. والعَوْرَة: كُلّ مَكْمَنٍ للسَّتْرِ.
والعَوْرَةُ: السَّوْأَةُ من الرَّجُل والمَرْأَةِ. قَالَ المصَنِّف فِي البصائر: وأَصْلُها من {العَار، كأَنّه يَلْحَقُ بظُهُورِها} عارٌ، أَي مَذَمَّة، وَلذَلِك سُمِّيَت المَرْأَةُ {عَوْرَةً. انْتهى. والجَمْعُ} عَوْرَاتٌ. وَقَالَ الجَوْهَرِيّ: إِنّمَا يُحَرَّك الثَّانِي من فَعْلَةٍ فِي جَمْعِ الأَسماءِ إِذا لم يَكُنْ يَاء أَوْ وَاواً وقَرَأَ بَعْضُهُم: عَوَرَاتِ النِّسَاءِ. بالتَّحْرِيك. والعَوْرَةُ: الساعَةُ الّتي هِيَ قَمَنٌ، أَي حَقِيقٌ مِنْ ظُهُورِ العَوْرَةِ فِيها، وَهِي ثَلاث ساعاتٍ: ساعَةٌ قبلَ صَلاَةِ الفَجْرِ، وساعَةٌ عندَ نِصْفِ النَّهَارِ، وساعةٌ بعدَ العِشَاءِ الآخِرَة. وَفِي التَّنْزِيل: ثَلاثُ عَوْراتٍ لَكُم. أَمرَ الله تَعالى الوِلْدانَ والخَدَمَ أَلاّ يَدْخُلُوا فِي هَذِه السَّاعَات إِلاَّ بِتَسْلِيم مِنْهُم واسْتِئذان. وكُلُّ أَمرٍ يُسْتَحْيَا مِنْهُ إِذا ظَهَرَ: عَوْرَةٌ، وَمِنْه الحَدِيث: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، {عَوْرَاتُنا مَا نَأْتِي مِنْهَا وَمَا نَذَر وَهِي من الرَّجُل مَا بَيْنَ السُّرَّة والرُّكْبَة، وَمن المَرْأَة الحُرَّةِ جَمِيعُ جَسَدِهَا إِلاّ الوَجْهَ واليَدَيْنِ إِلى الكُوْعَيْن، وَفِي أَخْمَصِها خِلافٌ، وَمن الأَمَةِ مِثْلُ الرَّجُل، وَمَا يَبْدُو مِنْهَا فِي حَالِ الخِدْمَةِ كالرَّأْس والرَّقَبَة والساعِدِ فلَيْسَ} بعَوْرة. وسَتْرُ العَوْرَةِ فِي الصَّلاة وغَيْرِ الصَّلاةِ واجِبٌ، وَفِيه عِنْد الخَلْوَة خِلافٌ. وَفِي الحَدِيث: المَرْأَةُ عَوْرَة جَعَلَهَا نَفْسَهَا عَوْرَةً لأَنّهَا إِذا ظَهَرَتْ يُسْتَحْيَا مِنْهَا كَمَا يُسْتَحْيَا من العَوْرَةِ إِذا ظَهَرَتْ كَذَا فِي اللِّسَان. والعَوْرَة من الجِبَال: شُقُوقُها والجَمْعُ! العَوْراتُ. والعَوْرَةُ من الشَّمْسِ: مَشْرِقُهَا ومَغْرِبُها،)
وَهُوَ مَجَازٌ. وَفِي الأَساس: {عَوْرَتَا الشَّمْسِ: خافِقَاها. وَقَالَ الشاعِرُ:
(تَجاوَبَ بُومُها فِي} عَوْرتَيْهَا ... إِذا الحِرْبَاءُ أَوْفَى للتَّنَاجِي)
هَكَذَا فسّره ابنُ الأَعرابيّ، وَهَكَذَا أَنشدَه الجوهريّ فِي الصِّحَاح. وَقَالَ الصاغَاني: الصَّوَاب غَوْرَتَيْها بالغَيْن معجَمَة، وهما جانِبَاها. وَفِي البَيْت تَحْرِيفٌ، والرِّواية: أَوْفَى للبَرَاحِ، والقَصِيدَة حائيّة، والبيْتُ لبِشْرِ بن أَبي خازِم. وَمن المَجَازِ: أَعْوَرَ الشَّيْءُ، إِذا ظَهَرَ وأَمْكَنَ، عَن ابْن الأَعْرَابِيّ، وأَنْشَدَ لكُثَيِّر:
(كَذاكَ أَذُودُ النَّفْسَ يَا عَزُّ عنكمُ ... وَقد {أَعْوَرَتْ أَسْرَابُ مَنْ لَا يَذُودُهَا)
أَعْوَرَت: أَمكنتْ، أَي مَنْ لَمْ يَذُدْ نَفْسَه عَن هَواهَا فَحُشَ} إِعْوَارُهَا وفَشَت أَسْرَارُهَا {والمُعْوِرُ: المُمْكِنُ البَيِّنُ الوَاضِحُ. وقولُهُم: مَا} يُعْوِرُ لَهُ شَئٌ إِلاَّ أَخَذَه، أَي مَا يَظْهَر. والعَرَبُ تَقول: {أَعْوَرَ مَنْزِلُك، إِذا بَدَتْ مِنْهُ عَوْرَةٌ. (و) أَعْوَرَ (الفَارِسُ: بدَا فِيهِ مَوْضِعُ خَلَلٍ لِلضَّرْبِ والطَّعْنِ، وهُو ممّا اشتُقَّ من المُسْتَعَار قَالَه الزمخشريّ. وَقَالَ ابنُ القَطّاع:} وأَعْوَرَ البَيْتُ كَذَلِك بانْهِدامِ حائِطه. وَمِنْه حَدِيث عليٍّ رَضِي الله عَنهُ: لَا تُجْهِزُوا على جَرِيحٍ وَلَا تُصِيبُوا {مُعْوِراً، هُوَ من أَعْوَرَ الفارِسُ. وَقَالَ الشاعِرُ يصف الأَسَد: لَهُ الشَّدَّةُ الأُولَى إِذا القِرْنُ} أَعْوَرَا. {والعَارِيَّة، مُشَدَّدةً، فعليَّة من العارِ، كَمَا حَقَّقه المصنّف فِي البَصَائر. قَالَ الأَزْهريّ: وَهُوَ قُوَيْلٌ ضَعِيفٌ، وإِنّمَا غَرَّهم قولُهم:} يَتَعَيَّرُون {العَوارِيَّ، ولَيْسَ على وَضْعِه، إِنّما هِيَ مُعَاقَبَةٌ من الواوِ إِلَى الياءِ. وَفِي الصّحاح:} العارِيَّة، بالتَّشْدِيد، كأَنّها منسوبةٌ إِلى العارِ لأَنّ طَلَبَها {عارٌ وعَيْبٌ. وَقَالَ ابنُ مُقْبِل:
(فأَخْلِفْ وأَتْلِفْ إِنّمَا المالُ} عارَةٌ ... وكُلْهُ مَعَ الدَّهْرِ الَّذِي هُوَ آكِلُهْ)
قلتُ: ومثلُه قولُ اللَّيْث. وَقد تُخَفَّف. وَكَذَا {العَارَةُ: مَا تَدَاوَلُوه بَيْنَهُم، وَفِي حَدِيث صَفْوَانَ بنِ أُمَيّة:} عَارِيَّة مَضْمُونَة مُؤَدّاة {العَارِيّة يجب رَدُّها إِجماعاً، مهما كَانَت عينُها بَاقِيَة. فإِنْ تَلِفَتْ وَجَبَ ضَمانُ قِيمَتِها عِنْد الشافعيّ، وَلَا ضَمانَ فِيهَا عِنْد أَبي حَنِيفَةَ. وَقَالَ المصنِّف فِي البصائر: قِيلَ} للعارِيَّة: أَيْنَ تَذْهَبينَ فَقَالَت: أَجْلُبُ إِلى أَهْلي مَذَمَّةً {وعاراً. ج} عَوَارِىُّ، مُشَدَّدةً ومُخَفَّفةً قَالَ الشَّاعِر:
(إِنّمَا أَنْفُسُنا {عاريَةٌ ... } والعَوَاريُّ قُصَارَى أَنْ تُرَدّ)
وَقد {أَعارَهُ الشيءَ} وأَعارَه مِنْهُ {وعَاوَرَه إِيّاهُ.} والمُعَاوَرَةُ {والتَّعاوُر: شِبْهُ المُدَاوَلَة. والتَّدَاوُلُ فِي)
الشيءِ يكونُ بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ. وَمِنْه قولُ ذِي الرُّمَّة:
(وسِقْطِ كعَيْنِ الدِّيكِ} عاوَرْتُ صاحِبِي ... أَبَاهَا وهَيَّأْنا لِمَوْقِعِها وَكْرَا)
يَعْنِي الزَّنْدَ وَمَا يَسْقُطُ من نارِها. وأَنشد اللَّيْث: إِذا رَدَّ {المُعَاوِرُ مَا} اسْتَعَارَا. {وتَعَوَّرَ} واسْتَعَارَ: طَلَبَهَا نَحْو تَعَجَّبَ واسْتَعْجَبَ، وَفِي حديثِ ابنِ عَبّاس وقِصّةِ العِجْل: مِنْ حُلِىٍّ {تَعَوَّرَهُ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيل، أَي} اسْتَعَارُوه. {واسْتَعَارَه الشَّيْءَ واسْتَعَارَه مِنْهُ: طَلَبَ مِنْهُ} إِعَارَتَه، أَيْ أَنْ {يُعِيرَه إِيّاه وَهَذِه عَن اللَّحْيَانيّ. قَالَ الأَزْهريّ: وأَما} العارِيَّة فإِنَّهَا منسوبةٌ إِلى العَارَةِ، وَهُوَ اسمٌ من {الإِعارَة، تَقول:} أَعَرْتُه الشيءَ {أُعيرُه} إِعارَةً! وعَارَةً، كَمَا قَالُوا: أَطَعْتُه إِطاعَةً وطَاعَةً، وأَجَبْتُه إِجابَةً وجَابَةً. قَالَ: وهذ كثيرٌ فِي ذَوات الثَّلاثِ، مِنْهَا الغارَةُ والدَّارَةُ والطَّاقَةُ وَمَا أَشْبَهَهَا.
ويُقَالُ: {اسْتَعَرْتُ مِنْهُ} عارِيَّةً {فأَعَارَنِيها.} واعْتَوَرُوا الشَّيْءَ، {وتَعَوَّرُوه،} وتَعَاوَرُوه: تَدَاوَلُوه فِيمَا بَيْنَهُم. قَالَ أَبو كَبِيرٍ:
(وإِذا الكُمَاةُ {تَعَاوَرُوا طَعْنَ الكُلَى ... نَدْرَ البِكَارَةِ فِي الجَزَاءِ المُضْعَفِ)
قَالَ الجَوْهَرِيّ: إِنّمَا ظَهَرَت الواوُ فِي} اعْتَوَرُوا لأَنَّه فِي معنى {تَعَاوَرُوا فبُنِىَ عَلَيْهِ، كَمَا ذَكَرْنا فِي تَجَاوَرُوا. وَفِي الحَدِيث:} يَتعاوَرُون على مِنْبَرِي أَي يَخْتَلِفُون ويَتَنَاوَبُون، كلّما مَضَى واحدٌ خَلَفَه آخَرُ. يُقَال: {تَعَاوَرَ القومُ فُلاناً، إِذا تَعَاوَنُوا عَلَيْهِ بالضَّرْب وَاحداً بعدَ وَاحد. قَالَ الأَزهريّ: وأَما} العارِيَّة {والإِعَارَةُ} والاسْتِعَارَةُ فإِنّ قولَ العَرَب فِيهَا: هُمْ {يَتعاورُون} العَوَارِىّ {ويَتَعَوَّرُونَهَا، بِالْوَاو، كأَنَّهم أَرادُوا تَفْرِقَةً بَين مَا يَتَرَدَّدُ من ذاتِ نَفْسِه وَبَين مَا يُرَدَّدُ. وَقَالَ أَبو زَيْد:} تَعَاوَرْنا {العَوَارِيِّ} تَعاوُراً، إِذا أَعارَ بعضُكم بَعْضاً. {وتَعَوَّرْنَا} تَعَوُّراً، إِذا كُنْتَ أَنْت {المُسْتَعِيرَ.} وتَعَاوَرْنا فُلاناً ضَرْباً، إِذا ضَرَبْتَه مَرّة ثمّ صاحبُك ثمّ الآخَر. وَقَالَ ابنُ الأَعرابيّ: {التَّعَاوُر} والاعْتِوَارُ: أَنْ يَكُونَ هَذَا مَكانَ هَذَا، وهذَا مَكانَ هَذَا. يُقَال: {اعْتَوَراهُ وابْتَدّاهُ، هَذَا مَرَّةً وَهَذَا مَرّة، وَلَا يُقَال: ابْتَدَّ زيدٌ عَمْراً، وَلَا} اعْتَوَرَ زيدٌ عَمْراً. {وعارَه، قِيل: لَا مُسْتَقْبَلَ لَهُ. قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ: وقالَ بعضُهُم:} يَعُورُه، وَقَالَ أَبو شِبْل: {يَعِيرُه، وَسَيذكر فِي الياءِ أَيضاً، أَي أخَذَهُ وذَهَبَ بِهِ، وَمَا أَدْرِى أَيُّ الجَرادِ} عارَه، أَيْ أَيُّ الناسِ أَخَذَه، لَا يُسْتَعْمَل إِلاّ فِي الجَحْد. وقِيلَ: مَعْنَاه مَا أَدْرِى أَيُّ الناسِ ذَهَبَ بِهِ، وحَكَى اللَّحْيَانيّ: أَراكَ {عُرْتَه} وعِرْتَه، أَي ذَهَبْتَ بِهِ، قَالَ ابنُ جِنّى: كأَنّهم إِنّمَا لَمْ يَكَادُوا يَسْتَعْمِلُونَ مُضَارِعَ هَذَا الفِعْل لَمّا كانَ مَثَلاً جارِياً فِي الأَمْرِ المُنْقَضِى الْفَائِت، وإِذا كانَ كَذَلِك فَلَا وَجْهَ لذِكْر المضارِع هَا هنَا لأَنه لَيْسَ بمُنْقَضٍ وَلَا يَنْطِقُون فِيهِ بيَفْعَل. أَو مَعْنَى {عارَهُ) أَتْلَفَه وأَهْلَكَه قَالَه بعضُهم.} وعَاوَرَ المَكَايِيلَ {وعَوَّرَها: قَدَّرَها، كعَايَرَها، بالياءِ لُغَة فِيهِ، وسيُذْكَر فِي عير. وعَيَّرَ المِيزَانَ والمِكْيالَ، وعاوَرَهُما، وعايَرَهُمَا وعايَرَ بَيْنَهُمَا مُعَايَرَةً وعِيَاراً، بالكَسْر: قَدَّرَهُما ونَظَرَ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا. ذكر ذَلِك أَبو الجَرّاحِ فِي بابِ مَا خالَفَتِ العامّةُ فِيهِ لُغَةَ العَرَب. وَقَالَ اللَّيْث: العِيَارُ: مَا عايَرْتَ بِهِ المَكَايِيلَ، فالعِيَارُ صَحِيحٌ تامّ وَافٍ. تَقُول: عايَرْتُ بِهِ، أَي سَوَّيْتُه، وَهُوَ العِيَارُ والمِعْيَارُ. وحقّ هَذِه أَنْ تُذْكَر فِي الياءِ كَمَا سيأْتي.} والمُعَارُ، بالضَّمّ: الفَرَسُ المُضَمَّرُ المُقدَّحُ، وإِنّمَا قِيل لَهُ {المُعَارُ لأَنّ طَرِيقَةَ مَتْنِه نَبَتْ فصارَ لَهَا عَيْرٌ ناتئٌ، أَو المَنْتُوفُ الذَّنَبِ، من قولِهم: أَعَرْتُ الفَرَسَ وأَعْرَيْتُه: هَلَبْتُ ذَنَبَه قَالَه ابنُ القَطّاع. أَو السَّمِينُ، ويُقَال لَهُ: المُسْتَعِير أَيضاً، من قَوْلهم:} أَعَرْتُ الفَرَسَ، إِذا أَسْمَنْته. وبالأَقوالِ الثَّلَاثَة فُسِّر بيتُ بِشْرِ بنِ أَبِي خازِم الآتِي ذِكْرُه فِي عير. {وعَوَّرَ الرّاعِي الغَنَمَ} تَعْوِيراً: عَرَّضَهَا للضَّياعِ، نَقله الصاغانيّ. {وعَوَرْتَا، بفَتْح العَيْن والواوِ وسُكُون الرّاءِ: د، بُلَيْدَة قُرْبَ نابُلُس الشَّأْمِ، قيلَ بهَا قَبْرُ سَبْعِينَ نَبِيّاً من أَنْبِياءِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، مِنْهُم سَيّدُنَا عُزَيرٌ فِي مَغَارَةٍ، ويُوشَعُ فَتَى مُوسَى، عَلَيْهِم الصَّلاة والسَّلام ذكره الصاغانيّ.} واسْتَعْوَرَ عَن أَهْله: انْفَرَدَ عَنْهُم نَقله الصاغانيّ عَن الفرّاءِ.
! وعُوَيْرٌ، كزُبَيْرٍ، مَوْضِعانِ أَحدُهُما على قِبْلَة {الأَعْوَرِيَّة، وَهِي قَرْيَةُ بَنِي مِحْجَن المالِكِيِّين. قَالَ القُطاميّ:
(حَتَّى وَرَدْنَ رَكِيّاتِ} العُوَيْرِ وقَدْ ... كادَ المُلاءُ من الكُتّانِ يَشْتَعِلُ)
{وعُوَيْرٌ،} والعُوَيْرُ: اسْم رَجُل قَالَ امرُؤ القَيْسِ:
(عُوَيْرٌ ومَنْ مِثْلُ {العُوَيْرِ ورَهْطِه ... وأَسْعَدَ فِي لَيْلِ البَلابِلِ صَفْوانُ)
ويُقالُ: رَكِيّةٌ} عُورانٌ، بالضَّمّ: أَي مُتَهَدِّمةٌ، للواحِدِ والجَمْع، هَكَذَا نَقَلَه الصاغانيّ. وَقَالَ ابنُ دُرَيْد: {عُورانُ قَيْس: خَمْسَةٌ شُعَراءُ} عُورٌ: تَمِيمُ بنُ أُبَيّ بنِ مُقْبِل، وَهُوَ من بَنِي العَجْلانِ بنِ عَبْدِ الله بنِ كَعْبِ بنِ رَبِيعَةَ، والرّاعي، واسمُه عُبَيْدُ بنُ حُصَيْن، من بَنِي نُمَيْرِ بنِ عامِرٍ، والشَّمّاخُ، واسْمُه مَعْقِلُ بنُ ضِرارٍ، من بَنِي جِحَاشِ بنِ بَجَالَةَ بنِ مازِنِ ابْن ثَعْلَبَةَ بنِ سَعْدِ بنِ ذُبْيَانَ، وعَمْرُو بنُ أَحْمَرَ الباهِلِيُّ، وسيأْتي بَقِيَّةُ نَسَبِه فِي ف ر ص وحُمَيْدُ بنُ ثَوْر، من بَنِي هِلالِ بنِ عامِر، فارسُ الضَّحْيَاءِ. وَفِي اللِّسَان ذَكَر {الأَعْوَرَ الشَّنِّىّ بَدَلَ الراعِي.} والعَوِرُ، ككَتِفٍ: الرَّدِئُ السَّرِيرَةِ قَبِيحُها، {كالمُعْوِر، من} العَوَرِ، وَهُوَ الشِّيْنُ والقُبْحُ. (و) {العَوْرَةُ: الخَلَلُ فِي الثَّغْرِ وغَيْرِه، وَقد يُوصَف بِهِ مَنْكُوراً فيكونُ للواحِدِ والجَمِيع بلَفْظٍ وَاحدٍ. وَفِي التَّنْزِيل: إِنَّ بُيُوتَنَا} عَوْرَةٌ. فأَفْرَدَ)
الوَصْفَ، والمَوْصُوفُ جَمْعٌ. وأَجْمَع القُرّاءُ على تَسْكِين الْوَاو من عَوْرَة، وقَرَأَ ابنُ عَبّاس رَضِيَ الله عَنْهُمَا وجَمَاعَةٌ من القُرّاءِ إِنَّ بُيوتَنا {عَوِرَةٌ، على فِعْلَة، وَهِي من شَواذّ القِرَاءَات، أَي ذَاتُ عَوْرَة، أَي لَيْسَت بحَرِيزَة، بل مُمْكِنَة للسُّرّاقِ لخُلُوِّهَا من الرِّجال. وقِيلَ: أَي} مُعْوِرَة، أَي بُيُوتنا مِمّا يَلِي العَدُوَّ ونحْنُ نُسْرَقُ مِنْهَا. فأَكْذَبَهُمُ الله تعالَى فَقَالَ: ومَا هِيَ {بِعَوْرَةٍ. ولَكِنْ يُرِيدُون الفِرارَ عَنْ نُصْرَة النَّبِيّ صلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وسلَّم. فمَنْ قَرَأَ عوِرَةٌ ذَكَّرَ وأَنَّثَ، وَمن قَرَأَ عَوْرَةٌ قَالَ فِي التَّذْكِيرِ والتَأْنِيث عَوْرَة، كالمَصْدر.} ومُسْتَعِير الحُسْنِ: طائِرٌ، نَقله الصاغَانيّ. وممّا يُسْتَدْرَك عَلَيْهِ: قولُهُمْ: كُسَيْرٌ {وعُوَيْرٌ، وكُلٌّ غَيْرُ خَيْر. قَالَ الجوهَرِيّ: يُقَال ذَلِك فِي الخَصْلَتَيْن المَكْرُهَتَيْن، وَهُوَ تَصْغِيرُ أَعْوَرَ مُرَخَّماً. ومثلُه فِي الأساس.} وعارَ الدَّمْعُ {يَعِيرُ} عَيَرَاناً: سالَ قَالَه ابنُ بُزُرْج، وأَنشد:
(ورُبَّتَ سَائل عَنّي حَفِىٍّ ... {أَعارَتْ عَيْنُه أَمْ لَمْ} تَعَارَا)
أَي أَدَمَعَتْ عَيْنُه وَالْبَيْت لِعَمْرِو بن أَحْمَر الباهليّ. وقالُوا: بَدَلٌ {أَعْوَرُ، مَثَلٌ يُضْرَب للمذموم يَخْلُف بَعْدَ الرَّجُلِ المَحْمُود. وَفِي حَدِيث أُمّ زَرْع: فاسْتَبْدَلْتُ بَعْدَه، وكُلُّ بَدَلٍ أَعْوَرُ. وَهُوَ من ذَلِك، قَالَ عبدُ الله بن هَمّامٍ السَلُوليّ لقُتَيْبَةَ بنِ مُسْلِم، ووُلِّىَ خُرَاسَانَ بَعْدَ يَزِيدَ بنِ المُهَلَّب:
(أَقُتَيْبَ قد قُلْنَا غَدَاةَ أَتَيْتَنَا ... بَدَلٌ لَعَمْرُكَ من يَزِيدٍ أَعْوَرُ)
ورُبَّمَا قالُوا خَلَفٌ أَعْوَرُ. قَالَ أَبو ذُؤَيْب:
(فأَصْبَحْتُ أَمشِي فِي دِيَارٍ كأَنَّهَا ... خِلافَ دِيَارِ الكاهِلِيَّةِ عُورُ)
كأَنَّه جَمَع خَلَفاً على خِلاَفٍ مِثْل جَبَل وجِبَال. وبَنُو} الأَعْوَر: قَبيلَةٌ، سُمُّوا بذلك {لِعَوَرِ أَبِيهِم. فأَمَّا قَوْلُه: فِي بلادِ} الأَعْوَرِينَا. فعَلى الإِضافَةِ كالأَعْجَمِينَ، وَلَيْسَ بجَمْعِ أَعْوَر، لأَنّ مِثْلَ هَذَا لَا يُسَلَّم عِنْد سِيبَوَيْهٍ. وَقد يكون العَوَر فِي غَيْر الإِنسان، فيُقَال: بَعِيرٌ أَعْوَرُ. والأَعْوَرُ أَيضاً: الأَحْوَل.
وَقَالَ شَمِر: {عَوَّرتُ عُيُونَ المِيَاهِ، إِذا دَفَنْتَهَا وسَدَدْتَها. وعَوَّرْتُ الرَّكيَّة، إِذا كَبَسْتَها بالتُّراب حَتَّى تَنْسَدّ عُيُونُها. وَفِي الأَساس: وأَفْسَدَهَا حَتَّى نَضَب الماءُ، وَهُوَ مَجازٌ وَكَذَا} أَعَرْتُهَا. وَقد {عارَتْ هِي} تَعُورُ. وفَلاةٌ {عَوْرَاءُ: لَا ماءَ بهَا. وَفِي حَدِيث عُمَر وذَكَرَ امرَأَ القَيْس، فَقَالَ: افْتَقَرَ عَن مَعانٍ} عُورٍ. أَراد بِهِ المَعَانِيَ الغامِضَةَ الدَّقِيقَة. وَقَالَ ابنُ الأَعْرَابِيّ: {العُوّارُ: البِئْرُ الَّتِي لَا يُسْتَقَى مِنْهَا. قَالَ:} وعَوَّرْتُ الرجلَ، إِذا اسْتَسْقاكَ فَلم تَسْقِه. قَالَ الجَوْهَرِيّ: وَيُقَال للمُسْتَجِيزِ الذِي يَطْلُب المَاءَ إِذا لم تَسْقِه: قد {عَوَّرْتَ شُرْبَه. قَالَ الفَرَزْدَق:)
(مَتَى مَا تَرِدْ يَوْماً سَفَارِ تَجِدْ بِهَا ... أَدَيْهِمَ يَرْمِي المُسْتَجِيزَ} المُعَوَّرَا)
سَفَارِ: اسمُ ماءٍ، والمُسْتَجِيز: الَّذِي يَطْلبُ الماءَ. وَيُقَال عَوَّرتُه عَن المَاءِ {تَعْوِيراً، أَي حَلاته.
وَقَالَ أَبو عُبَيْدَةَ:} التَّعْوِيرُ: الرَّدُّ. {عَوَّرْتُهُ عَن حاجَتِه: رَدَدْته عَنْهَا. وَهُوَ مَجاز. وَيُقَال: مَا رَأَيْتُ عائرَ عَيْن، أَي أَحَداً يَطْرِفُ العَيْنَ} فيَعُورها. وَمن أَمْثَالِ العَرَبِ السَائِرَةِ: أَعْوَرُ عَيْنَكَ والحَجَرَ.
{والإِعْوار: الرِّيبَةُ. ورَجُلٌ} مُعْوِرٌ: قَبِيحُ السَّرِيرِة. ومكَانٌ مُعْوِرٌ: مَخُوفٌ. وَهَذَا مكانٌ مُعْوِرٌ، أَي يُخَافُ فِيهِ القَطْعُ، وَكَذَا مَكَانٌ عَوْرَةٌ، وَهُوَ من مَجَاز المَجَاز، كَمَا فِي الأَساس. وَفِي حَدِيث أَبي بَكْر رَضِيَ الله عنهُ قَالَ مَسْعُودُ بنُ هُنَيْدَةَ: رأَيْتُه وقَدْ طَلَع فِي طَرِيق {مُعْوِرة أَي ذَات عَوْرَة يُخَافُ فِيهَا الضَّلالُ والانْقِطَاع، وكُلُّ عَيْبٍ وخَلَل فِي شيْءٍ فهُوَ عَوْرَة. وشُيْءٌ مُعْوِرٌ وعَوِرٌ: لَا حافِظَ لَهُ.} والمُعْوِرُ: المُمْكِنُ البَيِّنُ الوَاضِحُ. وأَعْوَرَ لَك الصَّيْدُ، {وأَعْوَرَكَ: أَمْكَنَك، وَهُوَ مَجاز.
وَعَن ابْن الأَعْرَابِيّ: يُقَال:} تَعَوَّرَ الكِتَابُ، إِذا دَرَسَ، وَهُوَ مَجاز. وحكَى اللِّحْيَانيّ: أَرَى ذَا الدَهْرَ {- يَسْتعِيرنُي ثِيابِي. قَالَ: يَقُولُه الرَّجُلُ إِذا كَبِرَ وخَشىَ المَوْتَ. وفَسَّره الزمخشريّ فَقَالَ: أَي يَأْخُذُه مِنّي، وَهُوَ مَجَازُ المَجَازِ كَمَا فِي الأَسَاس. وَذكره الصاغانيّ أَيضاً. وقَولُ الشَّاعِرِ:
(كأَنَّ حَفِيفَ مِنْخَرِه إِذا مَا ... كَتَمْنَ الرَّبْوَ كِيرٌ} مُسْتَعَارُ)
كِيرٌ مُسْتَعَارٌ: أَي مُتعاوَرٌ أَو {اسْتُعِيرَ من صاحِبِه. وتَعَاوَرَتِ الرِّيَاحُ رَسْمَ الدّارِ حَتَّى عَفَتْه، أَي تَواظَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ قالَه اللَّيْثُ. وَهُوَ من مَجَازِ الْمجَاز. قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: وَهَذَا غَلَط، وَمعنى} تَعَاوَرَتِ الرِّياحُ رَسْمَ الدَّارِ، أَي تَدَاوَلَتْه، فمَرَّةً تَهُبّ جَنُوباً، ومَرّةً شَمَالاً، ومرَّة قَبُولاً، ومَرّة دَبُوراً. وَمِنْه قولُ الأَعْشَى:
(دِمْنَةٌ قَفْرَةٌ {تَعاوَرَها الصَّيْ ... فُ برِيحَيءنِ من صَباً وشَمَالِ)
} وعَوَّرْتُ عَلَيْهِ أَمْرَه تَعْوِيراً: قَبَّحْتُه، وَهُوَ مَجاز. والعَوَرُ، مُحَرَّكة: تَرْكُ الحَقّ. ويُقَال: إِنَّهَا! لَعَوْراءُ القُرِّ: يَعْنُونَ سَنَةً أَو غَدَاةً أَو لَيْلَةً حُكِى ذَلِك عَن ثَعْلَب. قلتُ: فيُقَال: لَيْلَةٌ عَوْراءُ القرُ، ِّ أَي لَيْسَ فِيهَا بَرْدٌ، وَكَذَلِكَ الغَداةُ والسَّنَةُ، وَنَقله الصاغانيّ أَيضاً. وَمن مَجازِ المَجَاز قَوْلُهم: الاسْمُ {تَعْتَوِرُه حَرَكَاتُ الإِعْرَابِ، وَكَذَا قَوْلُهم:} تَعَاوَرْنا {العَوارِيَّ، وَكَذَا قَوْلهم:} اسْتَعارَ سَهْماً من كِنَانَتِه، وَكَذَا قولُهم: سَيْفٌ {أُعِيرَتْهُ المَنِيَّةُ. قَالَ النابِغَةُ:
(وأَنْتَ رَبِيعٌ يَنْعَشُ الناسَ سَيْبُهُ ... وسَيْفٌ} أُعِيرَتْهُ المَنِيَّةُ قاطعُ)
وَقَالَ اللَّيْث: ودِجْلَةُ {العَوْرَاءُ بالعِرَاق بمَيْسَانَ ذكرَهُ صاحبُ اللِّسَان، وعَزاه الصاغانيّ.)
} والأَعاوِرُ: بَطْنٌ من العرَب، يقالُ لَهُم: بَنُو {الأَعْوَر. وَقَالَ ابنُ دُرَيْدٍ: بَنو} عُوَار، كغُرَابٍ: قَبِيلَةٌ.
{وأَعارَتِ الدابَّةُ حافشرَها: قَلَبَتْه نَقله الصاغانيّ.} وعاوَرْتُ الشمسَ: راقَبْتُهَا نَقله الصاغانيّ.
{والإِعَارَةُ: اعْتِسَارُ الفَحْلِ النَاقَةَ نَقله الصاغانيُّ أَيضاً. وَفِي بَنِي سُلَيم أَبُو الأَعْوَر عُمَرُ بنُ سُفْيَانَ، صاحِبُ مُعَاوِيَة، ذكره ابنُ الكَلْبِيّ. قلتُ: قَالَ أَبو حاتِمٍ: لَا تَصِحُّ لَهُ صُحْبَةٌ، وكانَ عَلِيٌّ يَدْعُو عَلَيْهِ فِي القُنُوتِ. وأَبو الأَعْوَرِ الحارِث بن ظالشمٍ الخَزْرَجِيّ بَدْرِيّ، قِيلَ: اسْمُه كَعْبٌ، وقِيلَ: اسْمُه كُنْيَتُه.} والعَوْرَاءُ بِنْتُ أَبِي جَهْلٍ: هِيَ الَّتِي خَطَبَهَا عَلِيٌّ، وَقيل: اسْمُها جُوَيْرِيَةُ، {والعَوْرَاءُ لَقَبُها. وابْنَا} عُوَارٍ جَبَلانٍ، قَالَ الرّاعِي:
(بَلْ مَا تَذْكَّرُ من هنْدٍ إِذَا احْتَجَبَتْ ... بِابْنِيْ {عُوَارٍ وأَمْسَى دُوْنَهَا بُلَعُ)
وَقَالَ أَبو عُبَيْدَةَ: هما نَقَوَا رَمْل.} وأَعْوَرَ الرَّجُلُ: أَرابَ قَالَه ابنُ القَطّاع.