سوف
1 سَافَ الشَّىْءَ,
aor. ـُ (
S,
M,
Msb) and يَسَافُ, (
M,)
inf. n. سَوْــفٌ; (
S,
M,
K;) and so ↓ ساوفهُ; (
M,
TA;) and ↓ استافهُ, (
M,
Msb,
K, *)
inf. n. اِسْتِيَافٌ; (
S;) [and,
accord. to Freytag, ↓
سوّــفهُ; but he has not named his authority; if correct, probably having an intensive signification;] He smelled the thing. (
S,
M,
Msb.) A poet says, (
Msb,) namely, Ru-beh, (
S,
M,) أَخْلَاقَ الطُّرُقْ ↓ إِذَا الدَّلِيلُ اسْتَافَ [When the guide smells the natures of the roads to know whether he be pursuing the right course or deviating therefrom]. (
S,
M,
Msb.)
b2: [and hence, He hunted. (Freytag, from the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen.)]
A2: سَوْــفٌ is also
Syn. with صَبْرٌ. (
IAar,
K.) You say, of a man, ساف عَلَيْهِ,
inf. n. سَوْــفٌ, He endured it with patience. (
TK.)
A3: سَافَ, (
S,
M,
O,
K,)
aor. ـُ (
S,
O,
K) and يَسَافُ, (
O,
K,)
inf. n. سَوْــفٌ, (
M,) said of a man, (
M,) and of cattle, (مَال,
M,
O,
K,) He, or they, perished, or died: (
S,
M,
O,
K:) or, said of cattle, they had a murrain occurring among them. (
K.)
A4: [سَافَ
expl. by Freytag in this art., as though having for its
aor. ـُ and meaning He smote a person with a sword, is a mistake, caused by a mistranscription (of سُفْتُهُ for سِفْتُهُ) in art. سيف in some copies of the
K.]
2 سوّــفهُ, (
S,
M,
K,) or
سوّــف بِهِ, (
Msb,)
inf. n. تَـ
ـسْوِــيفٌ, (
S,
M,
Msb,
K,) He said to him time after time
سَوْــفَ أَفْعَلُ [I will do such a thing]; (
S,
Msb,
TA;) derived from the
particle سَوْــفَ: (
IJ,
M:) and hence, (
Msb,) he delayed, or deferred, with him; or put him off with promises;
syn. مَطَلَهُ; (
S, *
Msb,
K,
TA;) saying
سَوْــفَ أَفْعَلُ; (
TA;) or promising to be faithful to his engagement; (
Msb;) mostly used in relation to a promise that is not to be fulfilled; as is said by Ibn-Abi1-Hadeed: (
MF,
TA:) and ↓ ساوفهُ signifies [the same, as is implied in the
M, being
syn. with]
مَاطِلَهُ: see an
ex. in a verse cited
voce سَوْــفَ, last sentence. (
TA.) التَّـ
ـسْوِــيفُ is [also
expl. as]
Syn. with التَّأْخِيرُ [
app. as meaning the postponing, putting off, delaying, or deferring, anything]. (
TA.) [And it is implied in art. عظب of the
TA that it is
Syn. with التَّمْرِينُ and التَّصْبِيرُ: so that you say,
سوّــفهُ عَلَيْهِ, meaning He inured, or accustomed, him to it; and made him to endure it with patience: see سَافَ عَلَيْهِ, above.]
b2: You say also,
سَوَّــفْتُهُ أَمْرِى, meaning I made him (a man) to have the ordering and deciding of my affair, or case, (
S,
K,) to do what he would: (
S:) and so
سَوَّــمْتُهُ. (
TA.)
A2: See also 1, first sentence.
3 ساوفهُ: see 1:
A2: and 2.
A3: Also
i. q. سَارَّهُ [He spoke, or discoursed, secretly to him or with him; or acquainted him with a secret]. (
K.)
b2: And ساوف المَرْأَةَ
i. q. ضَاجَعَهَا [He slept with the woman in, or on, one bed]. (
K.) 4 اساف, (
S,
M,
K,)
inf. n. إِسَافَةٌ, (
TA,) said of a man, (
S,
M,) His cattle perished, or died: (
S,
K:) or he had murrain occurring among his cattle: so in a verse of Tufeyl, cited
voce اِسْتَرْخَى, in art. رخو. (
M.) [Hence,] one says, أَسَافَ حتّّى
مَايَشْتَكِى الـ
ـسَّوَــافَ, (
AA,
S,
Meyd,
K,) or الـ
ـسُّوَــافَ, (
As,
Meyd,) [He had murrain among his cattle until he did not complain of the murrain:] a
prov., (
Meyd,) applied to him who has become accustomed to casualties; (
S,
K;) or to him who has become inured to calamities, (
A'Obeyd,
Meyd,
A,) so that he is not impatient of the vicissitudes of fortune. (
A'Obeyd,
Meyd.)
b2: اساف الوَالِدَانِ The two parents lost their child by his death: in which case, the child is said to be ↓ مُسَافٌ; and his father, ↓ مُسِيفٌ; and his mother, ↓ مِسْيَافٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád,
K.)
A2: اسافهُ اللّٰهُ God destroyed him, or took away his life. (
M.)
b2: اساف الخَرْزَ
i. q. خَرَمَهُ [i. e. He spoiled the sewing of the skin, or hide; as when one uses a thick instrument for sewing or perforating, and a thin thong; or as when one rends two stitch-holes into one]. (
M.) And اساف الخَارِزُ The sewer of a skin, or hide, perforated, or sewed, in such a manner that the two stitch-holes became rent [into one]. (
A'Obeyd,
K.) 8 إِسْتَوَفَ see 1, first and second sentences.
سَافٌ Any row, or course, (
S,
M,
L,
K,
TA,) [i. e.] a single row, or course, (
Mgh,) of bricks, (
S,
M,
Mgh,
L,
K,
TA,) or (so in the
Mgh, but in the
TA “ and ”) of clay, (
Mgh,
TA,) of a wall, (
S,
Mgh,
K,
TA,) or in a wall, (
TA,) or in a building; (
M,
L,
TA;) as also مِدْمَاكٌ: (
TA:)
pl. of pauc. آسُفٌ [formed by
transposition, like آدُرٌ
pl. of دَارٌ,] (
L,) and سَافَاتٌ: (
Mgh:)
Lth explains السَّافُ as signifying what is between the سَافَات of the building: its ا is originally و. (
TA.) [سَافَةٌ mentioned by Freytag as signifying “ a single series of stones in a wall,” on the authority of the
K, I do not find there, nor in any other lexicon.]
A2: Also A certain bird, that preys. (
M.)
سَوْــفَ, for which one also says سَفْ, (
M,
Mughnee,
K,) rejecting the medial radical letter, (
M,
Mughnee,) and
سَوْ, (
M,
Mughnee,
K,) rejecting the final radical, (
M,
Mughnee,) and سَىْ, (
M,
Mughnee,
K,) rejecting the final radical and changing the medial into ى for the purpose of alleviation [of the utterance], (
M,
Mughnee,) and
accord. to the
L سَا, (
TA,) is a
particle, (
IJ,
M,
K,) denoting inception; (
K;) or a word denoting تَنْفِيس, (
Sb,
S,
M,
K,) i. e. amplification, because it changes the
aor. from the strait time, which is the present, to the ample time, which is the future; (
Mughnee voce سَ [
q. v.];) i. e., denoting تنفيس with respect to that which has not yet happened; (
Sb,
S,
K;) and postponement; (
M;) and is used in terrifying and threatening and promising; (
IDrd,
K;) or it is a word denoting promising or threatening: (
Msb:) it is
syn. with سَ
accord. to some, or has a larger meaning than this latter
accord. to others. (
Mughnee.) You say,
سَوْــفَ
أَفْعَلُ [I will do such a thing]. (
Sb,
S.) And one may not introduce a separating word between it and its verb, [except in a case mentioned in what follows,] because it occupies the place of the س in سَيَفْعَلُ [&c.]. (
Sb,
S.) [But] it is distinct from سَ by its [sometimes] having ل prefixed to it; as in [the phrase in the
Kur xciii. 5], وَلَـ
ـسَوْــفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضَى [And thy Lord will give thee, and thou wilt be well pleased]: (
Mughnee:) in this phrase, [however,] the ل is [considered as] pre-fixed to the verb, not to the
particle: (
M:) or the phrase is elliptical, for لَأَنْتَ
سَوْــفَ يُعْطِيكَ. (
Bd.) And it is distinct from سَ in this, that it is sometimes separated [from its verb] by a verb divested of government both as to the letter and the meaning; as in the saying, وَمَا أَدْرِى وَـ
ـسَوْــفَ إِخَالُ أَدْرِى
أَقَوْمٌ آلُ حِصْنٍ أَمْ نِسَآءُ [And I know not, but I shall, I think, know, whether the family of Hisn be a company of men or women]. (
Mughnee.)
b2: When you desire to make it a
subst., [i. e. to use it as a
subst.,] you make it to have tenween [when it is indeterminate]. (
IDrd,
K.)
IDrd cites as an
ex., إِنَّ
سَوْــفًا وَإِنَّ لَيْتًا عَنَآءٌ [Verily
سَوْــفَ and verily لَيْتَ are a weariness]: but one reading is إِنَّ لَوًّا; and another, إِنَّ لَيْتًا وإِنَّ لَوًّا; and there is no such reading as إِنَّ
سَوْــفًا. (
O,
TA.) One says also, فُلَانٌ يَقْتَاتُ الـ
ـسَّوْــفَ [
lit. Such a one feeds upon the word
سَوْــفَ]; meaning (
tropical:) Such a one lives by means of things hoped for: (
S,
K,
TA:) and in like manner, مَا قُوتُهُ إِلَّا الـ
ـسَّوْــفُ [
lit. His food is not anything but, or other than, the word
سَوْــفَ]. (
A,
TA.)
b3: In the following verse of Ibn-Mukbil, cited by
Sb, بِـ
ـسَوْــفٍ مِنْ تَحِيَّتِهَا ↓ لَوْ سَاوَفَتْنَا
سَوْــفَ العَيُوفِ لَرَاحَ الرَّكْبُ قَدْ قَنِعَا
[Had she put us off with a
سَوْــفَ as part of her greeting, with the putting off even of such as is affected with dislike, the riders had gone contented],
سَوْــفَ is put in the
accus. case [for مُسَاوَفَةَ, i. e.] as an
inf. n. with the augmentation [meaning the augmentative letters] rejected. (
M.) سِيفَةٌ: see مَسَافَةٌ, in two places.
سَوَــافٌ The [cucumber commonly called] قِثَّآء
[
q. v.]: (
M,
K,
TA:) so says
AHn, (
M,
TA,) on the authority of Et-Toosee. (
TA.)
A2: See also what next follows.
سُوَــافٌ and ↓
سَوَــافٌ; with damm
accord. to
As, and so, he says, all the names of diseases, as نُحَازٌ and دُكَاعٌ and قُلَابٌ and خُمَالٌ [&c.];
accord. to
AA, not so, but with fet-h, and in like manner said 'Omárah Ibn-'Akeel; (
S;) or none relates it with fet-h except
AA, and his relation is nought; (
IB;) Disease of cattle, and death thereof: (
S:) or each signifies death among mankind and cattle: (
M:) or the latter, a mortality, or murrain, among camels; or so the former: or the latter, a mortality among mankind and cattle: (
K:) and the former, disease of camels; (
AHn,
M,
K;) and so the latter. (
K.) One says, وَقَعَ فِى المَالِ
سَوَــافٌ [or
سُوَــافٌ] Death [or a murrain] happened among the cattle. (
S.) مَسَافٌ The nose: because one smells (يُسَافُ,
K, i. e. يُشَمُّ,
TA) with it: (
K:) so in the Moheet. (
TA.)
b2: See also مَسَافَةٌ, in two places.
مُسَافٌ A child taken from his parents by death: see 4. (Ibn-'Abbád,
K.) مُسِيفَ A man whose cattle have died. (
TA.)
b2: And A father having lost his child by death: see 4. (Ibn-'Abbád,
K.) مَسَافَةٌ [properly A place of smelling:
b2: and hence,] (
tropical:) Distance; (
S,
K,
TA;) and ↓ مَسَافٌ and ↓ سِيفَةٌ signify the same in this sense [or in others here following]: (
K:) [a space, or tract, or an extent, over which one journeys:] a far-extending tract that one traverses: originally a place of smelling of the guides, in order that they may know whether it be far or near, out of the way or in the right way: (
A,
TA:) or a [desert, or such as is termed] مَفَازَة: (
M:) said to be from سَافَ الشَّىْءَ meaning “ he smelled the thing; ” for the guide smells the dust of the place wherein he is; and if he smell the odour of urine and dung of camels, he knows that he [or some other] has traversed it; but otherwise, not: (
Msb:) or because the guide, when he is in a desert, (
S,
M,
K,) and has lost his way therein, (
M,) smells its dust, (
S,
M,
K,) in order that he may know, (
S,
K,) or and thus knows, (
M,) whether he be in the right way, (
S,
M,
K,) or not: (
S,
K:) then, by reason of frequency of usage of this word [as meaning “ a place of smelling of the guides ”] it became a term for “ distance: ” (
S,
K:)
pl. مَسَاوِفُ (
A,
TA) and مَسَافَاتٌ. (
Msb.) One says, كَمْ مَسَافَةُ هٰذِهِ الأَرْضِ and ↓ مَسَافُهَا and ↓ سِيفَتُهَا (
tropical:) [How long is the distance, or how much is the extent, of this land?]. (
TA.) And بَيْنَهُمْ مَسَافَةٌ بَعِيدَةٌ (assumed
tropical:) [Between them is a far-extending distance or space]. (
Msb.) And بَيْنَنَا مَسَافَةُ عِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا (
tropical:) [Between us is the distance, or space, of twenty days]. (
TA.)
b3: In the following saying of Dhu-rRummeh, it is doubly
tropical: وَأَبْعَدُهُمْ مَسَافَةَ غَوْرِ عَقْلٍ
إِذَا مَا الأَمْرُ ذُو الشُّبُهَاتِ عَالَا (
tropical:) (
tropical:) [And the furthest of them in the extent of the depth of intelligence when the affair, or case, in which are dubiousnesses overcomes and is onerous]. (
A,
TA.) مُـ
ـسَوِّــفٌ One who does what he will, [as though he said time after time
سَوْــفَ أَفْعَلُ,] whom no one will make to turn back. (
K.)
b2: And, with ة, A woman who will not comply with the desire of her husband when he calls her to his bed, and strives with him to repel him in respect of that which he desires of her, and says
سَوْــفَ أَفْعَلُ: such is said, in a
trad., to be cursed. (
TA.)
b3: Also, with ة, A well (رَكِيَّةٌ) of which one says, Water will be found (
سَوْــفَ يُوجَدُ) in it: or of which the water is smelt (يُسَافُ), and disliked, and loathed. (Ibn-'Abbád,
Z,
K.)
b4: And, without ة, Very patient or enduring. (
TA.) مُسْتَافٌ A place of smelling, or that is smelt. (
O,
K.) مِسْيَافٌ A mother having lost her child by death: see 4. (Ibn-'Abbád,
K.) إِنَّهَا لَمُسَاوِفَةٌ لِلسَّيْرِ [
app. referring to a she-camel] Verily she is one that has ability for journeying. (
M.)
