عته

1 عُتِهَ, (Mgh, Msb, K, and so accord. to copies of the S,) inf. n. عَتَاهَةٌ and عَتَاهِيَةٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) [but see the former of these below,] and عَته [app. عَتْهٌ], (Mgh,) or عَتْهٌ and عُتْهٌ and عُتَاهٌ; (K;) and (Msb, TA) عَتِهَ, (Msb, TA, and so in one of my copies of the S in the place of عُتِهَ, and said in the TA to be mentioned by J,) on the authority of Akh, and also mentioned by IKtt, (TA,) inf. n. عَتَهٌ, (Msb, TA,) which is mentioned by A'Obeyd as of the inf. ns. from which no verbs are derived, (so in my copies of the S, in some copies of which this remark applies to تَعَتُّهٌ,) and عَتَاهٌ, with fet-h; (Msb;) He (a man, TA) was idiotic, or an idiot, i. e. deficient, or wanting, in intellect; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) or one who had lost his intellect; (K;) or bereft of his intellect, or so in consequence of shame or fear &c., syn. دُهِشَ; (Mgh, Msb, K;) without diabolical possession, or madness: (Mgh, Msb:) or, accord. to IAar, عُتِهَ signifies he (a man) was, or became, possessed, or mad. (Ham p. 680.) [See also العَتَهُ, below.] b2: عُتِهَ فِى العِلْمِ He was, or became, addicted, attached, or devoted, to knowledge, or science, and vehemently desirous thereof. (K.) b3: And عُتِهَ فِى فُلَانٍ He was, or became, addicted to annoying such a one, and mimicking his speech. (K.) 5 تَعَتُّهٌ signifies The being, or becoming, or the feigning oneself, possessed, or mad; syn. تَجَنُّنٌ: and the being, or becoming, foolish, stupid, unsound in intellect, or deficient therein, and lax, or languid; syn. رُعُونَةٌ. (S, K.) [تَعَتَّةَ بِجَارِيَةٍ, occurring in this art. in the TA, app. means He was, or became, infatuated by love of a girl, or young woman.] b2: Also The feigning ignorance. (K.) b3: And The feigning oneself unmindful, or heedless. (K.) One says, هُوَ يَتَعَتَّهُ لَكَ عَنْ كَثِيرٍ

مِمَّا تَأْتِيهِ i. e. He feigns himself unmindful, or heedless, [to thee, of much that thou dost, or] of thee, in much that thou dost. (TA.) b4: And The affecting cleanliness, (K, TA,) and nicety, or refinement: (TA:) and the exceeding the usual bounds in dress and eating. (K, TA.) One says, تَعَتَّهَ فِى كَذَا He affected nicety, or refinement, and exceeded the usual bounds, in such a thing. (TA.) عَتَهٌ [see 1, first sentence, where it is mentioned as an inf. n.]. العَتَهُ is An evil affection, of essential origin, necessarily occasioning unsoundness in the intellect; so that the person affected therewith becomes confused in intellect; and therefore some of his speech resembles that of the intelligent; and some, that of the possessed, or mad: it differs from السَّفَهُ; for this does not resemble possession, or madness. (KT.) عُتَهٌ and ↓ عُتَهِىٌّ (so in the TA as from the K [but not found by me in the latter]) and ↓ عُنْتُهٌ and ↓ عُنْتُهِىٌّ (so too in the TA, but not as from the K, [though I find these two words without the two preceding in the copies of the K that I have been able to consult,]) A man who greatly exceeds the usual bounds in an affair. (K, TA.) عُتَهِىٌّ: see what next precedes. b2: It is also a subst. from التَّعَتُّهُ, of the measure فُعَلِىٌّ: thus in the saying of Ru-beh [which is cited in the Ham p. 680], فِى عُتَهِىِّ اللُّبْسِ وَالتَّقَيُّنِ [In affecting cleanliness, or nicety, or refinement, or in exceeding the usual bounds, in dress; and in self-adornment]. (TA.) عَتِيهٌ: see عَاتِهٌ.

عَتَاهَةٌ a subst. from عُتِهَ [app. in all its senses; i. e., meaning Idiocy; &c.; though it might be supposed, from the manner in which it is mentioned, to be a subst. from عُتِهَ in the last only of the senses above assigned to it]; (K, TA;) as also ↓ عَتَاهِيَةٌ: (TA:) or each is an inf. n. of that verb [q. v.]. (Mgh, Msb.) b2: See also the next paragraph.

عَتَاهِيَةٌ: see عَتَاهَةٌ. b2: Also Foolish, or stupid: and so ↓ عُتَاهِيَةٌ; (Akh, S, K, TA;) applied to a man. (TA.) b3: And, in a pl. sense, The erring of mankind; and so ↓ عَتَاهَةٌ; (K, TA;) which latter signifies also, in a pl. sense, foolish, or stupid. (TA.) عُتَاهِيَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

عَاتِهٌ A man addicted to annoying another, and mimicking his speech; (K, TA;) as also ↓ عَتِيهٌ: (TA:) pl. [accord. to analogy, of the latter, but mentioned in the K as of the former,] عُتَهَآءُ. (K, TA.) عُنْتُهٌ and see عُتَهٌ.

عُنْتُهِىٌّ: see عُتَهٌ.

مُعَتَّهٌ Intelligent, and symmetrical in make: and also possessed, or mad, and incongruous in make: thus having two contr. significations. (K, TA.) مَعْتُوهٌ Idiotic, or an idiot, i. e. deficient, or wanting, in intellect; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) or one who has lost his intellect; (K;) or bereft of his intellect, or so in consequence of shame or fear &c.; (Mgh, Msb, K;) without diabolical possession, or madness: (Mgh, Msb:) also expl. as signifying possessed, or mad; smitten, or afflicted, in his intellect. (TA.) عتو and عتى 1 عَتَا, aor. ـْ inf. n. عُتُوٌّ (S, Msb, K) and عُتِىٌّ and عِتِىٌّ, (S, K,) of which عُتُوٌّ is the original form, one [i. e. the second] of the two dammehs being changed into a kesreh and therefore the و into ى and then the other dammeh being assimilated to the kesreh, (S, TA,) He behaved proudly, (Msb, K,) and was immoderate, inordinate, or exorbitant: (K:) he was excessively, immoderately, or inordinately, proud or corrupt or unbelieving: (AO, TA; and so in a copy of the S as on the authority of A'Obeyd:) or he revolted, recoiled, or was averse, from obedience: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and ↓ تَعَتَّيْتُ signifies the same as عَتَوْتُ; (S, K;) or I [disobeyed, or] did not obey; (TA;) and so does عَتَيْتُ; (K, accord. to some copies; but in some, عَتِيتُ;) or, accord. to J and others, one should not say عَتَيْتُ. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [li. 44], فَعَتَوْا عَنْ

أَمْرِ رَبِّهِمْ (TA) i. e. But they turned with disdain from obeying the command of their Lord. (Bd, Jel.) b2: [Hence,] عَتَتِ الرِّيحُ (assumed tropical:) The wind blew immoderately. (IKtt, TA.) b3: And عَتَا said of and old man, (S, Msb, K, [but in my copy of the Msb الشى is put for الشيخ,]) aor. ـْ (S, Msb,) inf. n. عُتُوٌّ (S, Msb) and عِتِىٌّ, (S,) or عُتِىٌّ and عَتِىٌّ, with damm and also with fet-h, (K,) He became advanced in age, and in a declining state: (S, Msb, * K:) [or he became dried up; as is shown by what here follows.] It is said in the Kur [xix. 9], accord. to one reading, وَقَدْ بَلَغْتُ مِنَ الْكِبَرِ عُتِيًّا, (TA,) from عَتَا It became dried up; (Ksh, * Jel;) said of wood, or a branch; as also عَسَا: (Ksh:) the meaning here being, [And I have reached] the extreme degree of old age: (Jel:) or dryness, and hardness, or rigidness, in the joints and the bones; like the dry wood or branch. (Ksh.) 5 تَ1َ2َّ3َ see the preceding paragraph.

عَتِىٌّ: see عَاتٍ.

عَتَّى a dial. var. of حَتَّى, (S, K,) of the dial. of Hudheyl and Thakeef. (S.) عَاتٍ part. n. of 1; (S, Msb, K;) Proud, (Msb, K,) and immoderate, inordinate, or exorbitant: (K:) excessively, immoderately, or inordinately, proud (Mgh) [or corrupt or unbelieving: or revolting, recoiling, or averse, from obedience: (see 1:)] i. q. جَبَّارٌ: (Mgh, TA:) and ↓ عَتِىٌّ signifies the same: (K:) pl. عُتِىٌّ, (S, Msb, K,) originally [عُتُوٌّ,] of the measure فُعُولٌ, (Msb,) the [former] و being changed into ى, agreeably with a rule which, Mohammad Ibn-Es-Seree says, should be observed in a word of this [class and] measure when it is a pl., though not [generally] when it is an inf. n., (S, TA,) or this is pl. of عَتِىٌّ, and the pl. of عَاتٍ is عُتَاةٌ. (TA.) [See also أَعْتَآءٌ, below.] b2: Also Advanced [and declining] in age: [or dried up: (see 1, last sentence but one:)] pl. عُتِىٌّ. (Msb.) b3: and لَيْلٌ عاتى [a mistranscription, the latter word being correctly عَاتٍ,] A night intensely dark. (TA.) أَعْتَى Most [and more] excessive, immoderate, or inordinate, in pride [&c.: see عَاتٍ]. (Mgh.) أَعْتَآءٌ [a pl., app. of عَاتٍ, like as أَصْحَابٌ is of صَاحِبٌ,] applied to men as meaning دُعَّارٌ [i. e. Who act corruptly, or vitiously; who transgress the command of God; or who commit adultery or fornication; &c.]. (ISd, K, TA.)

عفن

1 عَفِنَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَفَنٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA, in the CK [erroneously] عَفْن,) and عُفُونَةٌ, (K,) It (a thing) was, or became, putrid, or rotten; i. e. it became decayed, (Mgh,) or in a corrupt, or an unsound, state, (Msb,) by the effect of moisture upon it, (Mgh, * Msb,) so as to become dissundered when felt: (Msb;) said of a rope, (S, K.) it became decayed (S,) or in a corrupt, or an unsound, state, (K,) from the effect of water, (S,) or from moisture, or some other cause, (TA,) so as to crumble on its being felt; as also ↓ تعفّن. (K.) And عَفِنَ اللَّحْمُ The flesh, or flesh-meat, became [stinking, or] altered [for the worse] in odour; and so ↓ تعقّن. (Msb.) A2: عَفَنَ اللَّحْمَ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (Msb,) inf. n. عَفْنٌ, (TA,) He made the flesh, or flesh-meat, to become [stinking, or] altered [for the worse] (Msb, K) in odour; (Msb;) and ↓ عفّنهُ signifies the same (K.) A3: عَفَنَ فِى الجَبَلِ, (Kr, K.) inf. n. عَفْنٌ, (TA,) He ascended the mountain; (Kr, K;) as also عَثَنَ. (Kr, TA.) 2 عَفَّنَ see the preceding paragraph.4 اعفن He (a man) had his skin, or hide, or tanned skin or hide pierced with holes. (K.) b2: And ?? He found the flesh, or flesh-meat, to be [stinking, or] altered [for the worse] in odour. (Msb.) 5 تَعَفَّنَ see the first paragraph, in two places.

عَفِنٌ A thing, (Az, S,) or a rope, (K,) putrid, or rotten; i. e. decayed, (S,) or in a corrupt, or an unsound, state, (Az, K,) from moisture, (Az. S, * TA,) or some other cause, (TA,) and from being kept in a close place, (Az, TA,) so as to crumble on its being felt. (K.) And Flesh, or flesh-meat, (Msb, K,) [stinking, or] altered [ for the worse] in odour; (Msb;) or rendered so; as also ↓ مَعْفُونٌ. (K.) عُفُونَةٌ [mentioned above (see 1) as an inf. n.] Putridity, or rottenness; i. e. a state of decay from moisture &c. (S.) And [A stinking, or] alteration [for the worse] in odour, of flesh, or flesh-meat. (Msb.) مَعْفُونٌ: see عَفِنٌ.

عوم

1 عَامَ فِى المَآءِ, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. عَوْمٌ, (S, Msb, K,) He swam in the water; syn. سَبَحَ: (Mgh:) العَوْمُ signifying السِّبَاحَةُ: (S, K:) or, accord. to the author of the “ Iktitáf,” the former signifies the coursing along in water with immersion of oneself; and the latter, “the coursing along upon water without immersion of oneself: ” [but see what follows:] or, as some say, the former is an act of rational beings, and the latter is of irrational; but Bd, on the words كُلٌّ فِى فَلَكٍ يَسْبَحُونَ [in the Kur xxi. 34], says that السِّبَاحَةُ is the act of rational beings. (MF, TA.) It is said in a trad., عَلِّمُوا صِبْيانَكُمُ العَوْمَ [Teach ye your young boys swimming]. (TA.) And one says, العَوْمُ لَا يُنْسَى [Swimming once learned will not be forgotten]. (S, TA.) b2: and عامت السَّفِينَةُ, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (S, K,) The ship coursed along. (S, K, TA.) b3: And عامت النُّجُومُ, inf. n. as above, (tropical:) The stars coursed along. (TA.) b4: And عامت الِإبِلُ, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (S, K,) (tropical:) The camels marched along, or journeyed, (S, K, TA,) in the desert. (TA.) And يَعُمْنَ فِى لُجِّ السَّرَابِ (tropical:) [They course along in the apparently-boundless expanse of the mirage]. (A, TA.) 2 عوّم السَّفِينَةَ, inf. n. تَعْوِيمٌ, He made the ship to swim [or float] in [or upon] the sea. (TA.) A2: [J cites immediately after explaining عَامَةٌ in relation to a turban,] وَعَامَةٍ عَوَّمَهَا فِى الهَامَةِ [Many a turn or twist, of a turban, which he turned, or twisted, upon the head]. (S.) b2: and تَعْوِيمٌ also signifies The putting, or placing, reaped corn in handfuls. (S, K.) A3: See also the next paragraph, in two places.3 عاومهُ, (Lh, K, TA,) inf. n. مُعَاوَمَةٌ and عِوَامٌ, He hired him, or tock him as a hired man or hireling, for the year: (Lh. TA:) or he made an engagement, or a contract, with him for work or the like, by the year (K:) or you say, عَامَلَهُ مُعَاوَمَةً; like as you say, مُشَاهَرَةً; (S, Msb:) the former from العَامُ, and the latter from الشَّهْرُ; &c. (Msb.) The مُعَاوَمَة that is forbidden is The setting the seed-produce of one's year, (S, K, TA,) or the dates of one's palm-trees, or ones trees, for two years, or three, (so in one of my copies of the S,) or for what will come forth in the next following year: or, as in the Nh, the selling the fruit of one's palm-trees or of one's grape-nines or of one's [other] trees for two years, or three, and more than that; (TA:) or one's extending to a man the term of a debt that has become due by him and his increasing the amount of the debt: (Lh, TA:) or one's adding somewhat to a debt and deferring it (K.) b2: And عاومت السَّخْلَةُ The palm-tree bore one year and did not bear another year: (S, K:) like سَانَهَت: (As, in K and TA, art. سنه.) as also ↓ عُوُّمَت: (K:) and الكَرْمُ ↓ عَوَّمَ, inf. n. تَعْوِيمٌ, The grape-vine bore much one year and little another, (TA, [See also مُعْوِمٌ; perhaps a mistranscription for مُعَوِّمُ.]) b3: Also (i. e. عاومت النخلة The palm-tree completed a year [of growth]. (Z. TA.) 4 الدَّارُ اعامت The house, or dwelling, became altered, or changed, and years passed over it; like احالت. (TA in art. حول.) عَامٌ A year syn. سَنَةٌ: (S, K;) or حَوْلٌ; [not سَنَةٌ; for] El. Jawáleekee says, the common people do not distinguish between the عام and the سنه, making them both to have the same meaning; but the right state of the case is what I have been told on the authority of Ahmad Ibn-Yahyà

[i. e. Th], that the سنه is from any day from which one commences a reckoning to the like thereof, and the عام is only [a period of] a winter and a summer; and it is also said in the T and in the Bári that the عام is a حَوْل that makes an end of a winter and a summer, so that every عام is a سنة, but every سنة is not an عام; for when you reckon from a day to the like thereof, that is a سنة, and there may be in it half of the summer. and half of the winter, whereas the عام is only a winter and a summer, without interruption: (Msb, MF: *) Er-Rághib mentions a difference in the uses of the words عَامٌ and سَنَةٌ [as has been stated in art. سنو and سنى: see سَنَةٌ in that art.] and Suh says, in the R, that the سنة is longer than the عام; that the former is “ a single revolution of the sun; ” and that the latter is applied to the [twelve] Arabian months [collectively]: it is said to be called عام because of the sun's عَوْم [or coursing] through all of its zodiacal signs [during the period which it denotes]: (TA:) its pl. is أَعْوامٌ, (S, Msb, K,) because the sing. is originally of the measure فَعَلٌ [i. e. عَوَمٌ]: (Msb:) it has no other pl. than this. (TA.) b2: One says, لقِيتُهُ عَامًا أَوَّلَ [I met him in a former year; generally meaning, the year immediately preceding, or, as we say, last year]; making the last word imperfectly decl. as being an epithet [and of the measure of a verb]: and لَقِتُهُ عَامًا أَوَّلًا [I met him in a year before: generally meaning the same as the phrase preceding]; making the last word perfectly decl. as not being an epithet [but an ad(??) and K in art. وأل) or the meaning is, (??) year] before this year; even if it be by a number of years: ('Alee El-Kári, on the authority of Seer, in a marginal note in my MS. copy of the K, art. اول:) and one says also, accord. to Az and IAar, لَقَيتُهُ عَامَ الأَوَّلِ; (TA in art. وأل;) or the is rarely said; (K and TA in that art.;) or should not be said; (ISk, S and TA in that art.;) (??) should one say, لَقَيتُهُ عَامَ أَوَّلَ (ISk TA in the present art.) And [in like manner] one says, ما رَأَيْتُهُ مُذْ عَامٌ أَوَّلُ, putting the last word in the nom case as being an epithet, (S and K in art. وأل,) as though he said أَوَّلُ مِنْ عَامِنَا [i. e. I have not seen him since a year preceding this one year]; (S in that art.;) and مُذْ عَامٌ أَوَّلَ, putting the last word in the accus. case as an adv n., (S and K * in that art.,) as though he said مُذْ عامٌ قَبْلَ عَامِنَا [since a year before this our year]; (S in that art.;) and مُذْعَامًا أَوَّلَ and مُذْ عَامُ الأَوَّلِ are also mentioned by different authors (??)in art, منذ) And [using the dim. form] one says, لَقِتُهُ ذَاتَ

↓ العُوَيْمِ i. e. [I met him] in the course of some years; like as one says, لَقِيتُهُ ذَاتَ الزُّمَيْنِ, and ذَاتَ مَرَّةٍ: (S:) or the meaning is, (some few years ago; or] three years ago or more, to ten: (Az, Az, TA:) and it is like the saying, لَقِيتُهُ مُنْذُ سُنَيَّاتٍ: the fem. form is used because they mean by it مَرَّة وَاحِدَة. (Az, TA.) b3: One says also نَاقَةٌ بَازِلُ عَامٍ and بَازِلُ عَامِهَا [A she-camel that has passed a year, and her year, after cutting her tush], (TA,) and بازِل عَامَيْنِ that has passed two years after cutting the tush. (MF and TA in art. بزل.) A2: See also عَامَةٌ, in two places.

A3: It is also said in the K that العَامُ signifies النَّهَارُ: but this is a mistake and a mistranscription it is العَيَامُ; and its place is art. عيم; as it as mentioned by Az, on the authority of El-Muärrij, (TA.) عَامَةٌ A [kind of float, such as is called] طَوْف [q. v.], upon which one embarks on the water; (S, K:) accord. to AA, a small مِعْبَر [q. v.] that is upon rivers: (Az, TA:) in the M, said to be a thing that is made of the branches of trees, and the like, upon which one crosses a river, and which tosses about upon the water the pl. is عَامَاتٌ and عوم [app. عُومٌ, like نُوقٌ pl. of نَاقَةٌ,] and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ عَامٌ. (TA.) [See also عَامَّةٌ, voce عِمَامَةٌ.]

A2: Also The head of a ruler, or of a rider upon a camel, (هَامَةُ رَاكِبٍ,) when it appears to thee in the [desert, or plain, called] صَحْرَآء, (K. TA,) as he is journeying: (TA:) or it is not thus called unless having upon it a turban. (K, TA.) b2: And A turn, or twist, of a turban. (S, K.) [See 2, second sentence.] b3: And A quantity of reaped corn put, or placed, in handfuls: pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ عَامٌ. (S, K.) عُومَةٌ A certain insect (دُوَيْبَّة, S, K) that swims in the water, resembling a black فَصّ [or stone of a ring], smooth and round: (S:) pl. عُوَمٌ. (S, K.) b2: And A species of serpents, in 'Omán. (TA.) عَامِيٌّ a rel. n., from عَامٌ; (Msb, TA;) A year old. (TA in arts. حول and دول, &c.) and applied to a plant as meaning A year old, and therefore dry. (Msb, TA. *) It is also applied to a [vestige, or relic, of a dwelling, such as is termed] رَسْم, or طَلَل, as meaning Over which a year has passed. (TA.) And it is applied, in a trad., as an epithet to the حَنْظَل [or colocynth, meaning That is of service in the year of drought, or barrenness]; because it is procured, or prepared [as an article of food], in the year of drought, or barrenness. (TA.) عُوَيْمٌ: see عَامٌ [of which it is the dim.], last quarter.

عَوَّامٌ an intensive epithet from عَامَ فِي المَآءِ; (Msb;) A man skilful in swimming. (TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) A horse that stretches forth his fore legs well in running [like as one does the arms in swimming]; (S, Z, K, TA;) fleet, or excellent, in his running. (TA.) عَائِمٌ [Swimming;] part. n. of عَامَ in the phrase عَامَ فِي المَآءِ. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] سَفِينٌ عُوَّمٌ means عَائِمَةٌ [of which عُوَّمٌ is pl.; i. e. Ships coursing along]. (TA.) A2: One says سِنُونَ عُوَّمٌ, in which the latter word is a corroborative to the former; (S, K; *) [app. meaning Tedious, because severe, years;] like as one says شُغْلٌ شَاغِلٌ: as though pl. of عَائِمٌ; but it is not used alone, because it is not a subst., being only a corroborative: (S:) or, as is said in the M, it should by rule be عُومٌ; for [it is pl. of ↓ أَعْوَمُ, and] the pl. of أَفْعَلُ is فُعْلٌ; but they pronounce it as above, as though the sing. were عَامٌ عَائِمٌ: ISd says, عَامٌ

↓ أَعْوَمُ is an intensive expression, and I think that the meaning is, [A year] that seems long to people because of its drought, or barrenness; and similar to it is ↓ عَامٌ مُعِيمٌ, mentioned by Lh. (TA.) A3: عَائِمٌ is also [the name of] A certain idol (S, K) of the Arabs. (S.) عَامٌ أَعْوَمُ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

عِنَبٌ مُعْوِمٌ [perhaps a mistranscription for ↓ مُعَوِّمٌ, see 3, near the end,] means, as mentioned by Az, on the authority of En-Nadr, [A grapevine] that bears one year and does not bear another year. (TA.) عَامٌ مُعِيمٌ: see عَائِمٌ, last sentence but one. [And see also art. عيم.]

شَحْمٌ مُعَوِّمٌ Fat of a year after another year. (TA.) b2: See also مُعْوِمٌ.

مُسْتَعَامٌ A ship upon the sea. (K.)

علم: عَلِم وعَلُمَ: وأصبح عالماً (فليشر على المقري 1: 136، بريشت من 176).
عَلِمَ: يستعمل بمعنى شعر، فكما يقال: لم يشعر إلاّ وقدْ، يقال: ما علمت حتىَّ (معجم مسلم).
لم اعلم بنفسي: أغمي عليّ. (ألف ليلة 1: 32).
عَلَّم (بالتشديد): درَّب حيوانا. (معجم البلاذري).
عَلَّم: وصف للشخص طريقة اللعب. يقال مثلاً: علم الشطرنج والنرد بمعنى دبّر لعبة بالشطرنج ولعبة بالنرد. (دي ساسي طرائف 1: 188).
عَلَّم: وضع علامة على، رسم. (بوشر).
ويقال: على شيء علامة أو علم على بمعنى وضع علامة على شيء (كي يعثر عليه ثانية أو يميزه عن غيره) وكذلك: علم موضعاً. (معجم الادريسي، معجم ابن جبير حيث عليك أن تبدل كلمة مُعْلَم بكلمة مُعلَّم).
عَلَّم على: رقّم، وضع أرقاماً على القطع (بوشر).
علَّم على: رسم علامة الموافقة. (فالتون ص42).
عَلَّم السلطان على: وضع توقيعه في ذيل الرسوم، وقّع المرسوم. (محلوك 121: 202).
أَعْلَم: أخبر. ويقال: أعلم إلى فلان (كرتاس ص33).
أعْلَم: كما يقال: أعلم الحائك الثوب أي جعل له عَلَما من طراز وغيره (انظر لين) يقال مجازاً: كان يعلم كلامه نظما ونثرا بالاشارة إلى التاريخ. (الخطيب ص24 ق).
تَعَلَّم: صارت عليه علامة (فوك).
عِلْم: نظري، مقابل عملي بمعنى تطبيق. (المقدمة 3: 309).
العلم (يراد به على الجفر): الكتب التي تتضمن التنبؤ بما يحدث في المستقبل والتكهن به. (أخبار ص61) وانظر تاريخ البربر (2: 167).
العلم الأول: علم المنطق. (المقدمة 3: 309).
عُلُوم: رموز علمية إشارات علمية. (معجم الادريسي).
عَلَم: أخذ علما ب: دوّن أو قيد تذكرة ب. ففي ألف ليلة (13 15) أخذ علماً بثمنها.
عَلَم: علامة في الطريق، وهو شيء منصوب في الطريق يهتدي به. ويكون عادة كوم صَغير من الحجارة. (ليون ص348: ريشاردسن صحارى 1: 292).
عَلَم: بناية مرتفعة، عمارة عالية. (هو جفلايت ص53) ويقال أيضاً: حصِن عَلَم. (أماري ص45).
عَلَم وأعلام: خرائب، بقايا وأثار البنايات والعمارات الخربة المتهدمة. (أخبار ص151) وكثيراً ما تردد ذكرهما في رحلة ابن جبير (ص109، 111).
اسم علَم: اسم خاص يطلق على مسمَّى لا يتجاوزه. (المقري 1: 4. 4، تاريخ البربر 2: 7) ويقال أيضاً عَلَم فقط (تاريخ البربر 2: 7، مراصد الاطلاع 1: 30) غير أن اسم علم يعني أيضاً اسم تخصيص، ففي ابن البيطار (1: 134): البزر حب جميع النبات والجمع بزور، وقد خصَّ به حب الكتان فصار اسماً له علماً.
عَلَم: يستعمل أيضاً بمعنى عنوان كتاب. (المقدمة 2: 184، أبن الأغلب ص80).
عَلم، في مصطلح البلاغة: هو أن يستعمل اسم الشيء الذي يشبَّه به اسم شيء آخر بدل ذكر اسمه، مثال ذلك أن يقال وردة للدلالة على فم فتاة (المقري 2: 406).
عَلَم: خبر، نبأ (بوشر).
عَلَم: قائمة، كشف، جدول، بيان حساب، تذكرة، (بوشر).
عَلَميّ: ما يسّمى أو يلقب به، مستعمل للتسمية. من اسم. (بوشر).
على الباه والعلمي: علناً، على مر أي من الناس ومعرفتهم. (بوشر).
علماني: عالمي، دنيوي لاديني، ليس من رجال الدين (بوشر).
عَلاَم: علامة، إشارة، شاخص. (بوشر).
عَلاَم: مِحزِّة، قطعة خشب يسجل عليه إلا بالحزوز ما يدفع وما يؤخذ. (بوشر).
علام كتاب: دلالة، من اصطلاح مجلدي الكتب وهو شريط يعلق بأعلى كتاب للدلالة على الصفحات التي فيها العبارات التي يود معرفة مكانها.
علام، والجمع علامات: عَلم، راية. وقد وجد لين هذه الكلمة في ديوان الهذليين، وهي كلمة مألوفة في المغرب (وفي المعجم اللاتيني العربي: Vexillum الرايات والعلامات)، (فوك، ألكالا، دوب ص81، تعليق في الجريدة الآسيوية 1869، 2: 183، المقري 2: 711، المقدمة 3: 386، وفي كتاب ابن صاحب الصلاة (ص71 ق): وجعل الرايات والعلامات خلف ركابه.
عَلاَم: ظهر، ظهيرة، ساعة الصلاة وانظر: أعلام.
عَلامة: وجمعها علائم أيضاً: شعار الشرف والنسب (بوشر). وإشارة. أمارة، دلالة (ياقوت 2: 927) وخبر سري، أو شاهد دليل. (ياقوت 2: 30).
عَلاَمة: رقم، سمة بالأرقام لمعرفة ترتيب القطع (بوشر).
عَلاَمَة: طابع، دمغة، وسم على القرطاس (بوشر).
علامة سِلْك: أسلاك نحاسية في معمل القرطاس، وأثار تلك الأسلاك في القرطاس. (بوشر).
عَلاَمة: شاخص، وتد منصوب أو عصا مفروزة للتنسيق، (بوشر).
عَلاَمَة: عنوان محل، لافتة يعلقها التاجر على باب محله. (بوشر).
عَلاَمَة: حاشية، لاحقة، ملحق، توصية في ذيل رسالة، توقيع، تأشيرة. (بوشر، ألكالا). وتستخدم العلامة لتجعل الوثائق التي يصورها السلطان والقاضي وغيرهما صحيحة شرعية. وهذه العلامة تختلف باختلاف الزمان والمكان. فأحيانا يكتب السلطان بيده: صَحَّ هذا، بعد التاريخ.
وأحياناً يكتب الوزير بحروف كبيرة: الحمد لله والشكر لله بين البسملة ونص الوثيقة. وتوجد أيضاً أساليب أخرى (أنظر دي سلان المقدمة 1: 3، 46، تعليقة، النص 2: 55، 56) ومن هذا أطلق على الوزير لقب صاحبه العلامة. (ابن بطوطة 4: 409) (الخطيب ص60).
عَلاَمَة: سمة السلطان على النقود (المقدمة 1: 407).
عَلاَمَة: معيار، ميزان (علامة ظاهرة أو باطنة بها تبين الأشياء والمعاني ونستطيع الحكم عليها).
(رسالة إلى السيد فليشر ص148).
عَلاَمَة: عَلَم، راية. كما ذكر جوليوس وهو مصيب وفي حيان (ص83 ن): وخرج القائد ابن أمية بالعلامة.
علامة: آية، معجزة، أمر خارق للعادة: أعجوبة (الثعالبي لطائف ص93).
عَلاَمَة: ما تعطى المخطوبة عربونا عند الخطبة (مولدة) (محيط المحيط).
عَلاَمَة: هدف. (بوشر).
عَلاَمَة: عرافة، عيافة، تنبؤ، فأل. (بوشر).
عُلَيمّ الريح: دوارة هواء، دوارة دالة على اتجاه الريح. (دوب ص98).
عالَم: ذكر فريتاج في منتخبات عربية (ص146) أن هذه الكلمة ومعناها خلق تستعمل للدلالة على عدد من الناس قلّوا أو كثروا. ويقال مثلاً: عالم عظيم وعالم كثير أي كثير من الخلق وكثير من الناس. (معجم أبي الفداء دي ساسي طرائف ص75، ألف ليلة 1: 43).
العوالم: ما حواه بطن الفلك. (معجم أبي الفداء).
العالم الإنساني: الإنسان بوصفه صورة مصغرة عن العالم. (المقدمة 1: 198).
عالم نفسه: عالم الإنسان الصغير. (المقدمة 1: 169).
عالم البسط: توقع الخير، وعالم القبض: توقع الشر. (بوشر7: 88).
عالم العناصر، وعالم التركيب، عالم الرتق، عالم الفتق. من مصطلحات الصوفية. (انظر المقدمة 3: 69) والعوالم عند الدروز ثلاثة: وهي عالم الجنّ وعالم البن وهو العالم الأخير الذي نحن منه (محيط المحيط في مادة حنن).
عالمِ: عرّاف. ضارب الرمل، زاجر الطير، كاهن، متنبئ بالمستقبل. (باين سميث 1558).
العالم والحمار: رَهَج أصفر، كبريتوز الزرنيخ الأصفر، سمّ الفار. (انظر المستعيني في مادة زرنيخ في مخطوطة ن فقط).
عالَمِة، والجمع عَوالِم: مغنّية، راقصة، عاهرة، (بوشر، لين عادات 1: 249، 2: 72).
عالمّي: زمني، دنيوي. (بوشر)، لاديني علماني، ليس من رجال الدين (أومر، فهرس المخطوطات العربية في مكتبة مونيخ ص229).
عالَمانيِ: علماني، زمني، دنيوي، لاديني، ليس من رجال الدين. (بوشر).
أعلام: ظُهر، وقت الظهيرة. (بوشر) بربرية. وانظر: علام.
تعَلْيِم، والجمع تعاليم: إرشاد، تهذيب، وصية، تأديب. (بوشر).
تَعلْيِميّ: مذهبي، متعلق بمذهب أو عقيدة. (بوشر).
الجسم التعليمي: الجسم الهندسي، المجسّم. الجرم (المقدمة 3: 88).
التعليمية: اسم كان يطلق على الإسماعيلية. (الشهرستاني ص147).
تعليمجي: مُعلِّم: مكان التعلّم، مدرسة. (فريتاج، دي ساسي طرائف 2: 71).
مَعلمَ: مزار. مكان يزار تبركا به وورعاً. ففي العبدري (ص45 ق) في كلامه عن ضريح تفيسة بنت علي بالقاهرة: عليها رباط مقصود. ومعلم مشهود. وفيه (ص59) في تفسيره لكلمة مَنسْكَ: والنسك العبادة واختصَّ في العَرَب بمعالم الحجّ ومتعبَّداته.
مَعْلَم: عِلْم. (فوك).
مَعْلَم: انظر مُعَلّم.
مَعَلَّم: خبير، فطن، لبيب، ماهر. (بوشر).
مُعَلِمّ: صّناع، ماهر، أستاد، أسطة، مدبر العمال. (بوشر، ألكالا).
وهذه الكلمة وهي بالعامية مَعْلَم (الكالا) لقب يطلق على كل رئيس للعمال (نيورب ص39، كاريت قبيل 2: 5960، لين عادات 2: 374، رولاند، كرتاس ص151، المقري 2: 636، ابن بطوطة 4: 288) ويقال كذلك: معلم الإبرَ: صانع الإبر. ومعلم البُتيتات: صانع البراميل.
ومعلّم الأصنام: صانع التماثيل (ألكالا) ويقال أيضاً: معلم الطبخ أو المطْبخة: رئيس المطبخ، والرئيس المسؤول عن المائدة. (ملوك 121: 27، ألكالا). ومعلم الحمام: حمامي، صاحب الحمام. (لين عادات 2: 44، ألف ليلة 1: 409). ومعلم الديوان: رئيس الكمرك. وتدل كلمة معلم وحدها على هذا المعنى (أماري ص197، كريان ص159، مونكونيس ص254) ثم أن هذه الكلمة تستعمل وحدها لتعني رئيس البنائين، أسطه. (شيرب ديال ص32، شوا: 300)، ولتعني الحدّاد. (بارت 5: 693)، ولتعني الكاتب (ويرن ص43، 51)، ولتعني جابي الضرائب من القرية (لين عادات 2: 374). وهِي عادة لقب يطلق على كل فرد من الطبقة المتوسطة لا يعمل بيده خلافا للعامل أو الفلاح كالسجان مثلاً. ففي رياض النفوس (ص97): المعلم نَصرْ يطلبك قال ومَنْ نَصرْ قال السجان.
معلم اعتراف: مرشد، معَرف (بوشر).
معلم ذمَّة: مرشد، من يعني بذمة شخص وضميره. (بوشر).
مُعَلّمِي: مختص بمعلّم، متقن، محكم، كامل (بوشر).
مُعَلَمِيَّة: صفة المعلّم، مخدومية، صناعة متقنة (ألكالا) = صناعة، وهي في معجم ألكالا: مَعْلَمية (بوشر).
مُعَلميَّة: طرفه رائعة، تحفة. (بوشر).
مَعْلُوم. معلومك أن: تعلم أن. ومعلومك ما انبسط من هذا: تعلم جيداً إنه لم يكن منبسط ومسرور من هذا. (بوشر).
مَعْلُوم: هي أحياناً مرادف مشهور ومحمود.
ويقال: مشهور معلوم ومحمود معلوم. (معجم الإدريسي).
معْلُوم: محدّد، معّين. يقال مثلاً: مبلغ معلوم أي مبلغ مّحدد ومعينّ. (بوشر، المقري): 134، 135، 2: 767، 812، تاريخ البربر 1: 614، 617، أماري ص443).
مَعُلوم. شهادة مزورة. ففي كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص294): وجميع الشهادات الواقعة فيه معلومة لم يُرد الله بشيء منها.
مَعْلُوم: مكافأة: ما يعطي للأطباء وغيرهم من أجر. (بوشر، محيط المحيط وفيه الجمع معاليم أماري دبلوماسية ص197) معلوم الكُتَّاب: مبلغ محدّد معيَّن يدفع في كل سنة لتعليم الطفل. (بوشر).
مَعْلُوم: راتب، مرتَّب، معاش، جامكية، مالقيَّة. (ابن خلكان 9: 70 والجمع معاليم (مملوك 2، 2: 88) وانظر معاليم في معجم فريتاج.
مَعْلَوم: وسيلة العيش. (ابن البطوطة 4: 23).
مُعْلوم: وسيلة العيش. (ابن بطوطة 4: 23).
مُعْلُوم: قسط دين يدفع في أوقات معينة، ضريبة. يقال مثلاً: عليه معلوم سنوي إلى أي عليه قسط دين يدفعه في كل سنة إلى. (بوشر).
مَعْلُوم: تكَسْ، رسم الدخول، ضريبة، خرج وعمولة، مبلغ مقبرض أولاً أجرة العمالة. (بوشر).
معلوم الديوان: ضريبة الكمرك. (بوشر).
معلوم السجان: أجرة السجان. (بوشر).
معلوم العيار: رسم العيار. (بوشر).
معلوم الكيل: رسم مساحة الأرض. (بوشر).
المَعْلُومِيَّة: فرقة من الخوارج العجاردة وهم كالحازمية إلا أن المؤمن عندهم من عرف الله بجميع صفاته وأسمائه، ومن لم يعرفه كذلك فهو جاهل لا مؤمن. (محيط المحيط) مُتَّعلَم: تلميذ، مبتدي. (ألكالا) وفيه: Comensal = تلميذ، (ابن بطوطة 4: 288، 29).
مُتعَلّم: خادم، أجير. (جاكسون ص192).
مُتَعَلّم: متعالم. متظاهر بالعلم. (الجريدة الآسيوية 1853،: 266).

علم

1 عَلِمَهُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عِلْمٌ, He knew it; or he was, or became, acquainted with it; syn. عَرَفَهُ: (S, K:) or he knew it (عَرَفَهُ) truly, or certainly: (B, TA:) by what is said above, and by what is afterwards said in the K, العِلْمُ and المَعْرِفَةُ and الشُّعُورُ are made to have one meaning; and this is nearly what is said by most of the lexicologists: but most of the critics discriminate every one of these from the others; and العِلْمُ, accord. to them, denotes the highest quality, because it is that which they allow to be an attribute of God; whereas they did not say [that He is] عَارِفٌ, in the most correct language, nor شَاعِرٌ: (TA:) [respecting other differences between العِلْم and المَعْرِفَة, the former of which is more general in signification than the latter, see the first paragraph of art. عرف: much might be added to what is there stated on that subject, and in explanation of العِلْم, from the TA, but not without controversy:] or عَلِمَ signifies تَيَقَّنَ [i. e. he knew a thing, intuitively, and inferentially, as expl. in the Msb in art. يقن]; العِلْمُ being syn. with اليَقِينُ; but it occurs with the meaning of الَمَعْرِفَةُ, like as المَعْرِفَةُ occurs with the meaning of العلْمُ, each being made to import the meaning of the other because each is preceded by ignorance [when not attributed to God]: Zuheyr says, [in his Mo'allakah,] وَأَعْلَمُ عِلْمَ اليَوْمِ وَالْأَمْسِ قَبْلَهُ وَلٰكِنِّنِى عَنْ عِلْمِ مَا فِى غَدٍ عَمِ meaning وَأَعْرِفُ [i. e. And I know the knowledge of the present day, and of yesterday before it; but to the knowledge of what will be to-morrow I am blind]: and it is said in the Kur [viii. 62], لَا تَعْلَمُونَهُمْ اَللّٰهُ يَعْلَمُهُمْ, meaning لَا تَعْرِفُونَهُمْ اَللّٰهُ يَعْرِفُهُمْ [i. e. Ye know them not, but God knoweth them]; المَعْرِفَة being attributed to God because it is one of the two kinds of عِلْم, [the intuitive and the inferential,] and the discrimination between them is conventional, on account of their different dependencies, though He is declared to be free from the imputation of antecedent ignorance and from acquisition [of knowledge], for He knows what has been and what will be and how that which will not be would be if it were, his عِلْم being an eternal and essential attribute: when عَلِمَ denotes اليَقِين, it [sometimes] has two objective complements; but as syn. with عَرَفَ, it has a single objective complement: (Msb:) it has two objective complements in the saying, in the Kur [lx. 10], فَإِنْ عَلِمْتُمُوهُنَّ مُؤْمِنَاتٍ [and if ye know them to be believers]; and [in like manner] they allowed one's saying عَلِمْتُنِى [meaning I knew myself to be], like as they said رَأَيْتُنِى and حَسِبْتُنِى &c.: (TA:) and sometimes it imports the meaning of شَعَرَ, and is therefore followed by بِ: (Msb:) [thus] عَلِمَ بِهِ signifies شَعَرَ or شَعُرَ (accord. to different copies of the K) [i. e. He knew it; as meaning he knew, or had knowledge, of it; was cognizant of it; or understood it: or he knew the minute particulars of it: or he perceived it by means of any of the senses: and sometimes this means he became informed, or apprised, of it: and sometimes, he was, or became, knowing in it]: or in this case, [as meaning شَعَرْتُ بِهِ,] you say, عَلِمْتُهُ and عَلِمْتُ بِهِ [I knew it; &c.]: (Msb:) and one says, مَا عَلِمْتُ بِخَبَرِ قُدُومِهِ, meaning مَا شَعَرْتُ [I knew not, &c., the tidings of his coming, or arrival]. (TA.) ↓ اعتلمهُ, also, signifies عَلِمَهُ [He knew it; &c.]. (K.) And one says ↓ تَعَلَّمْ in the place of اِعْلَمْ [Know thou; &c.]: ISk says, تَعَلَّمْتُ أَنَّ فُلَانًا خَارِجٌ is a phrase used in the place of عَلِمْتُ [as meaning I knew, or, emphatically, I know, that such a one was, or is, going forth]; adding, [however,] when it is said to thee, اِعْلَمْ أَنَّ زَيْدًا خَارِجٌ [Know thou that Zeyd is going forth], thou sayest قَدْ عَلِمْتُ [lit. I have known, meaning I do know]; but when it is said, تَعَلَّمْ أَنَّ زَيْدًا خَارِجٌ, thou dost not say, قَدْ تَعَلَّمْتُ; (S:) accord. to IB, these two verbs are not used as syn. except in the imperative forms: (TA:) [or] عَلِمَ الأَمْرَ and ↓ تَعَلَّمَهُ are syn. as signifying أَتْقَنَهُ [app. meaning he knew, or learned, the case, or affair, soundly, thoroughly, or well: see art. تقن: but I think it not improbable, though I do not find it in any copy of the K, that the right reading may be أَيْقَنَهُ, which is syn. with تَيَقَّنَهُ; an explanation of عَلِمَ in the Msb, as mentioned above, being تَيَقَّنَ]. (K, TA.) And الجَمِيعُ ↓ تعالمهُ meansعَلِمُوهُ [i. e. All knew him; &c.]. (S, K.) b2: عَلِمْتُ عِلْمَهُ [lit. I knew his knowledge, or what he knew, app. meaning I tried, proved, or tested, him, and so knew what he knew; and hence I knew his case or state or condition, or his qualities;] is a phrase mentioned by Fr in explanation of رَبَأْتُ فِيهِ. (TA voce رَبَأَ, q. v. See also the explanation of لَأَ خْبُرَنَّ خَبَرَكَ, in the first paragraph of art. خبر: and see غَبَنُوا خَبَرَهَا, in art. غبن.) b3: عَلِمْتُ is also used in the manner of a verb signifying swearing, or asseveration, so as to have a similar complement; as in the saying, وَلَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ لَتَأْتِيَنَّ عَشِيَّةً

[And I certainly knew that thou wouldst, or that she would, assuredly come in the evening]. (TA in art. شهد.) And يَعْلَمُ اللّٰهُ [God knoweth] is a form of asseveration. (IAth, TA voce قَيْرَوَانٌ: see an ex. in art. قير.) A2: عَلُمَ, agreeably with what is said in the M, which is عَلُمَ هُوَ نَفْسُهُ, accord. to the K عَلِمَ هُوَ فِى نَفْسِهِ, but the verb in this case is correctly like كَرُمَ, (TA,) He was, or became, such as is termed عَالِم and عَلِيم; (M, * K, * TA;) meaning he possessed knowledge (العِلْم) as a faculty firmly rooted in his mind: (IJ, * TA:) accord. to IB, i. q. ↓ تعلّم [q. v., as intrans.]: and he was, or became, equal to the عُلَمَآء

[pl. of عَالِمٌ and of عَلِيمٌ]. (TA.) A3: عَالَمَهُ فَعَلَمَهُ, aor. ـُ see 3.

A4: عَلَمَهُ, aor. ـُ and عَلِمَ, (K,) inf. n. عَلْمٌ, (TA.) signifies He marked it; syn. وَسَمَهُ. (K.) And one says, عَلَمْتُ عِمَّتِى, meaning I wound my turban upon my head with a mark whereby its mode should be known. (TA.) [See also 4.]

A5: عَلَمَ شَفَتَهُ, aor. ـِ (S, K,) inf. n. عَلْمٌ, (S,) He slit his [upper] lip. (S, K.) A6: عَلِمَ, aor. ـَ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. عَلَمٌ, (S, Msb,) He (a man, S) had a fissure in his upper lip: (S, Msb, K:) or in one of its two sides. (K.) 2 علّمهُ [He, or it, made him to be such as is termed عَالِم and عَلِيم; i. e., made him to possess knowledge (العِلْم) as a faculty firmly rooted in his mind: and hence, he taught him. And it generally has a second objective complement]. You say, عَلَّمْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ [I made him to know, or taught him, the thing], in which case the teshdeed is [said to be] not for the purpose of denoting muchness [of the action; but see what follows]; (S;) and عَلَّمْتُهُ الفَاتِحَةَ [I taught him the Opening Chapter of the Kur-án], and الصَّنْعَةَ [the art, or craft], &c.; inf. n. تَعْلِيمٌ; (Msb;) and علّمهُ العِلْمَ, inf. n. تَعْلِيمٌ and عِلَّامٌ, the latter like كِذَّابٌ; and إِيَّاهُ ↓ اعلمهُ; (K;) both, accord. to the K, signifying the same [i. e. he taught him knowledge, or science]; but Sb makes a distinction between them, saying that عَلَّمْتُ is like أَذَّنْتُ, and that ↓ أَعْلَمْتُ is like آذَنْتُ; and Er-Rághib says that ↓ الإِعْلَامُ is particularly applied to quick information; and التَّعْلِيمُ is particularly applied to that which is repeated and much, so that an impression is produced thereby upon the mind of the مُتَعَلِّم: and some say that the latter is the exciting the attention of the mind to the conception of meanings; and sometimes it is used in the sense of الإِعْلَام when there is in it muchness: (TA:) you say, الخَبَرَ ↓ أَعْلَمْتُهُ and بِالخْبَرِ [meaning I made known, or notified, or announced, to him, or I told him, or I made him to know, or have knowledge of, the news, or piece of information; I acquainted him with it; told, informed, apprised, advertised, or certified, him of it; gave him information, intelligence, notice, or advice, of it]: (Msb:) see also 10: [hence the inf. n. ↓ إِعْلَامٌ is often used, as a simple subst., to signify a notification, a notice, an announcement, or an advertisement:] and sometimes ↓ اعلم has three objective complements, like أَرَى; as in the saying, أَعْلَمْتُ زَيْدًا عَمْرًا مُنْطَلِقًا [I made known, &c., to Zeyd that 'Amr was going away]. (I'Ak p. 117.) b2: See also 4, in three places.3 عَاْلَمَ ↓ عَالَمَهُ فَعَلَمَهُ, aor. of the latter عَلُمَ, means [I contended with him, or strove to surpass him, in عِلْم,] and I surpassed him in عِلْم [i. e. knowledge, &c.]: (S, K:) [the measure يَفْعَلُ,] and in like manner the measure يَفْعِلُ, in every case of this kind, is changed into يَفْعُلُ: so says Az: [but see 3 in art. خصم:] and Lh mentions the phrase, مَا كُنْتُ أَرَانِى أَنْ أَعْلُمَهُ [I did not think, or know, that I should surpass him in knowledge]. (TA.) 4 أَعْلَمَ see 2, in six places. b2: One says also, اعلم الثَّوْبَ (S, Mgh, TA) He (i. e. a beater and washer and whitener of clothes, S, Mgh) made the garment, or piece of cloth, to have a mark; (Mgh;) or he made upon it, or in it, a mark. (TA.) [And, said of a weaver, or an embroiderer,] He made to the garment, or piece of cloth, a border, or borders, of figured, or variegated, or embroidered, work, or the like. (Msb.) b3: and اعلم عَلَيْهِ He made, or put, or set, a mark upon it; namely, a writing, or book, &c.: (Msb:) [or] اعلم عَلَى مَوْضِعِ كَذَا مِنَ الكِتَابِ عَلَامَةً [He made, &c., a mark upon such a place of the writing, or book]. (TA.) b4: اعلم الفَرَسَ He suspended upon the horse some coloured wool, (K, TA,) red, or white, (TA,) in war, or battle. (K, TA.) And اعلم نَفْسَهُ He marked himself with the mark, sign, token, or badge, of war; as also ↓ عَلَّمَهَا. (K.) [Or] اعلم الفَارِسُ The horseman made, or appointed, for himself, [or distinguished himself by,] the mark, sign, token, or badge, of the men of courage. (S.) And لَهُ عَلَامَةً ↓ عَلَّمْتُ I appointed to him (وَضَعْتُ لَهُ) a mark, sign, or token, which he would, or should, know. (Msb.) b5: And القَبْرَ ↓ علّم (K in art. رجم) He put a tombstone [as a mark] to the grave. (TK in that art.) A2: اعلم said of a well-sinker, He found the well that he was digging to be one having much water. (TA.) 5 تعلّم is quasi-pass. of 2 [i. e. it signifies He was, or became, made to know, or taught; or he learned: and is trans. and intrans.]. (S, Msb, K, * TA.) You say, تعلّم العِلْمَ (MA, K) He learned [knowledge, or science]. (MA.) See also 1, latter half, in three places. [In the last of those places, تعلّم app. signifies, as it often does, He possessed knowledge as a faculty firmly rooted in his mind.] Accord. to some, التَّعَلُّمُ signifies The mind's having its attention excited to the conception of meanings, or ideas. (TA.) 6 تعالمهُ الجَمِيعُ: see 1, latter half.8 اعتلمهُ: see 1, latter half.

A2: اعتلم said of water, It flowed (K, TA) upon the ground. (TA.) b2: And said of lightning it means لَمَعَ فى العلم [app. فِى العَلَمِ, and, if so, meaning It shone, shone brightly, or gleamed, in, or upon, the long mountain]: a poet says, بَلْ بُرَيْقًا بِتُّ أَرْقُبُهُ لَا يُرَى إِلَّا إِذَا اعْتَلَمَا [But a little lightning, in watching which I passed the night, not to be seen save when it shone, &c.]. (TA.) 10 استعلمهُ He asked, or desired, him to tell him [a thing; or to make it known to him]. (MA, KL. *) You say, ↓ اِسْتَعْلَمَنِى الخَبَرَ فَأَعْلَمْتُهُ

إِيَّاهُ [He asked, or desired, me to tell him, or make known to him, the news, or piece of information, and I told him it, or made it known to him]. (S.) عَلْمٌ: see مَعْلَمٌ, in two places.

عِلْمٌ is an inf. n., (S, K, &c.,) and [as such] has no pl. [in the classical language]. (Sb, TA voce فِكْرٌ.) [As a post-classical term, used as a simple subst., its pl. is عُلُومٌ, signifying The sciences, or several species of knowledge.] b2: Sometimes it is applied to Predominant opinion; [i. e. preponderant belief;] because it stands in stead of that which is عِلْم properly so termed. (Ham p. 632.) b3: And sometimes it is used in the sense of عَمَلٌ [A doing, &c.], as mentioned by Az, on the authority of Ibn-'Oyeyneh, agreeably with an explanation of عَالِمٌ as signifying one “ who does according to his knowledge; ” and it has been expl. as having this meaning in the Kur xii. 68 [where the primary meaning seems to be much more apposite]. (TA.) b4: لَقِيتُهُ أَدْنَى عِلْمٍ means [I met him the first thing, like لقيته أَدْنَى

دَنِّىِ and أَدْنَى دَنًا; or] before everything [else]. (TA.) عَلَمٌ: see عَلَامَةٌ. b2: Also An impression, or impress; or a footstep, or track, or trace. (TA.) b3: And The عَلَم of a garment, or piece of cloth; (S;) [i. e. the ornamental, or figured, or variegated, border or borders thereof;] the figured, or variegated, or embroidered, work or decoration, (Msb, K, TA,) in the borders, (TA,) thereof: (Msb, K, TA:) pl. أَعْلَامٌ. (Msb.) b4: And [A way-mark; i. e.] a thing set up, or erected, in the way, (K, TA,) or, as in the M, in the deserts, or waterless deserts, (TA,) for guidance, (K, TA,) in the M, for the guidance of those going astray; (TA;) as also ↓ عَلَامَةٌ: (K:) the former is also applied to a building raised in the beaten track of the road, of such as are places of alighting for travellers, whereby one is guided to the land [that is the object of a journey]: pl. أَعْلَامٌ: and عَلَمٌ also signifies a مَنَارَة [app. a mistranscription for مَنَار, without ة: see these two words]. (TA. [See also مَعْلَمٌ.]) [Hence, أَعْلَامُ الكَوَاكِبِ The stars, or asterisms, that are signs of the way to travellers: see مِصْبَاحٌ.] b5: And A separation between two lands; [like مَنَارٌ;] as also ↓ عَلَامَةٌ. (K.) [Hence,] أَعْلَامُ الحَرَمِ The limits that are set to the Sacred Territory. (TA.) b6: And A mountain; (S, K;) as a general term: or a long mountain: (K:) [app. as forming a separation: or as being a known sign of the way:] pl. أَعْلَامٌ and عِلَامٌ: (K:) the former pl. occurring in the Kur [xlii. 31 and] lv. 24. (TA.) b7: And A banner, or standard, syn. رَايَةٌ, (S, K, TA,) to which the soldiers congregate: (TA:) and, (K,) some say, (TA,) the thing [i. e. flag, or strip of cloth,] that is tied upon the spear: (K, TA:) it occurs in a verse of Aboo-Sakhr El-Hudhalee with the second fet-hah lengthened by an alif after it [so that it becomes ↓ عَلَام]. (IJ, TA.) b8: And (tropical:) The chief of a people or party: (K, TA:) from the same word as signifying “ a mountain ” or “ a banner: ” (TA:) pl. أَعْلَامٌ. (K.) b9: [In grammar, it signifies A proper name of a person or place &c. b10: And the pl. أَعْلَامٌ is applied to Things pertaining to rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage or the like, as being signs thereof; such as the places where such rites and ceremonies are performed, the beasts destined for sacrifice, and the various practices performed during the pilgrimage &c.; as also مَعَالِمُ, pl. of ↓ مَعْلَمٌ: the former word is applied to such places in the Ksh and Bd and the Jel in ii. 153; and the latter, in the Ksh and Bd in ii. 194: the former is also applied to the beasts destined for sacrifice in the Ksh and Bd and the Jel in xxii. 37; and the latter, in the Ksh and Bd in xxii. 33: and both are applied to the practices above mentioned, the former in the TA and the latter in the K, in art. شعر: see شِعَارٌ.]

A2: See also what next follows.

عُلْمَةٌ and ↓ عَلَمَةٌ and ↓ عَلَمٌ [the last of which is originally an inf. n., see 1, last sentence,] A fissure in the upper lip, or in one of its two sides. (K.) عَلَمَةٌ: see what next precedes.

عَلْمَآءُ fem. of أَعْلَمُ [q. v.].

عَلْمَآءِ in the saying عَلْمَآءِ بَنُو فُلَانٍ [meaning At the water are the sons of such a one] is a contraction of عَلَى المَآءِ. (S.) عِلْمِىٌّ Of, or relating to, knowledge or science; scientific; theoretical; opposed to عَمَلِىٌّ.]

عَلَمِيَّةٌ, in grammar, The quality of a proper name.]

عَلَامٌ: see عَلَامَةٌ: b2: and see also عَلَمٌ.

A2: [عَلَامَ is for عَلَى مَ.]

عُلَامٌ: see عُلَّامٌ.

A2: Also i. q. غُلَامٌ [q. v.]: an instance of the substitution of ع for غ. (MF and TA on the letter ع.) عَلِيمٌ: see عَالِمٌ. b2: العَلِيمُ and ↓ العَالِمُ and ↓ العَلَّامُ, as epithets applied to God, signify [The Omniscient;] He who knows what has been and what will be; who ever has known, and ever will know, what has been and what will be; from whom nothing is concealed in the earth nor in the heaven; whose knowledge comprehends all things, the covert thereof and the overt, the small thereof and the great, in the most complete manner. (TA.) عَلَامَةٌ i. q. سِمَةٌ [A mark, sign, or token, by which a person or thing is known; a cognizance, or badge; a characteristic; an indication; a symptom]; (K; [see also مَعْلَمٌ;]) and ↓ عَلَمٌ is syn. therewith [as meaning thus]; (S, Msb, TA;) and so ↓ أُعْلُومَةٌ, (Abu-l-'Omeythil ElAarábee, TA,) as in the saying ↓ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ أُعْلُومَةٌ [Among the people, or party, is a mark, sign, or token]; and the pl. of this last is أَعَالِيمُ: (TA:) the pl. of عَلَامَةٌ is عَلَامَاتٌ (Msb) and [the coll. gen. n.] ↓ عَلَامٌ, (K, TA,) differing from عَلَامَةٌ only by the apocopating of the ة. (TA.) b2: See also عَلَمٌ, in two places.

عُلَامِىٌّ Light, or active; and sharp, or acute, in mind; (K, TA;) applied to a man: it is without teshdeed, and with the relative ى; from عُلَامٌ [signifying “ a hawk ”]. (TA.) عَلَّامٌ and ↓ عُلَّامٌ, (K, TA,) both mentioned by ISd, the latter [which is less used] from Lh, (TA,) and ↓ عَلَّامَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ تِعْلِمَةٌ and ↓ تِعْلَامَةٌ, (K,) Very knowing or scientific or learned: (S, K:) the ة in ↓ عَلَّامَةٌ is added to denote intensiveness; (S;) or [rather] to denote that the person to whom it is applied has attained the utmost degree of the quality signified thereby; [so that it means knowing &c. in the utmost degree; or it may be rendered very very, or singularly, knowing or scientific or learned;] and this epithet is applied also to a woman: (IJ, TA:) [↓ تِعْلَامَةٌ, likewise, is doubly intensive; and so, app., is ↓ تِعْلِمَةٌ:] the pl. of عَلَّامٌ is عَلَّامُونَ; and that of ↓ عُلَّامٌ is عُلَّامُونَ. (TA.) See also, for the first, عَلِيمٌ. b2: Also the same epithets, (K,) or عَلَّامٌ and ↓ عَلَّامَةٌ, (TA,) i. q. نَسَّابَةٌ; (K, TA;) [or rather عَلَّامٌ signifies نَسَّابٌ, i. e. very skilful in genealogies, or a great genealogist; and ↓ عَلَّامَةٌ signifies نَسَّابَةٌ, i. e. possessing the utmost knowledge in genealogies, or a most skilful genealogist;] from العِلْمُ. (TA.) عُلَّامٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. b2: Also, and ↓ عُلَامٌ, The صَقْر [or hawk]; (K;) the latter on the authority of IAar: (TA:) and [particularly] the بَاشَق [i. e. the musket, or sparrow-hawk]; (K;) as some say: (TA:) or so the former word, (T, * S, TA,) or the latter word accord. to Kr and IB. (TA.) b3: And the former word, The [plant called] حِنَّآء

[i. e. Lawsonia inermis]: (IAar, S, K, TA:) thus correctly, but mentioned by Kr as without tesh-deed. (TA.) b4: And the same, i. e. with tesh-deed, The kernel of the stone of the نَبِق [or fruit, i. e. drupe, of the lote-tree called سِدْر]. (TA.) عَلَّامَةٌ: see عَلَّامٌ, in four places.

عُلَّامَةٌ: see مَعْلَمٌ.

العَالَمُ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) said by some to be also pronounced ↓ العَالِمُ, (MF, TA,) and pronounced by El-Hajjáj with hemz [i. e. العَأْلَمُ], is primarily a name for That by means of which one knows [a thing]; like as الخَاتَمُ is a name for “ that by means of which one seals ” [a thing]: accord. to some of the expositors of the Kur-án, its predominant application is to that by means of which the Creator is known: then to the intelligent beings of mankind and of the jinn or genii: or to mankind and the jinn and the angels: and mankind [alone]: Es-Seyyid Esh-Shereef [El-Jurjánee] adopts the opinion that it is applied to every kind [of these, so that one says عَالَمُ الإِنْسِ (which may be rendered the world of mankind) and عَالَمُ الجِنِّ (the world of the jinn or genii) and عَالَمُ المَلَائِكَةِ (the world of the angels), all of which phrases are of frequent occurrence], and to the kinds [thereof] collectively: (TA:) or it signifies الخَلْقُ [i. e. the creation, as meaning the beings, or things, that are created], (S, Msb, K,) altogether [i. e. all the created beings or things, or all creatures]: (K:) or, as some say, peculiarly, the intelligent creatures: (Msb:) or what the cavity (lit. belly) of the celestial sphere comprises, (K, TA,) of substances and accidents: (TA:) [it may often be rendered the world, as meaning the universe; and as meaning the earth with all its inhabitants and other appertenances; and in more restricted senses, as instanced above: and one says عَالَمُ الحَيَوَانِ meaning the animal kingdom, and عَالَمُ النَّبَات the vegetable kingdom, and عَالَمُ المَعَادِنِ the mineral kingdom:] Jaafar Es-Sádik says that the عَالَم is twofold: namely, العَالَمُ الكَبِيرُ, which is the celestial sphere with what is within it; and العَالَمُ الصَّغِيرُ, which is man, as being [a microcosm, i. e.] an epitome of all that is in the كَبِير: and Zj says that العَالَمُ has no literal sing., because it is [significant of] a plurality [of classes] of diverse things; and if made a sing. of one of them, it is [significant of] a plurality of congruous things: (TA:) the pl. is العَالَمُونَ (S, M, Msb, K, &c.) and العَوَالِمُ: (S, TA:) and the sing. is [said to be] the only instance of a word of the measure فَاعَلٌ having a pl. formed with و and ن, (ISd, K, TA,) except يَاسَمٌ: (K, TA:) [but see this latter word:] العَالَمُونَ signifies the [several] sorts of created beings or things: (S:) [or all the sorts thereof: or the beings of the universe, or of the whole world:] it has this form because it includes mankind: or because it denotes particularly the sorts of created beings consisting of the angels and the jinn and mankind, exclusively of others: I'Ab is related to have explained رَبُّ العَالَمِينَ as meaning the Lord of the jinn, or genii, and of mankind: Katádeh says, the Lord of all the created beings: but accord. to Az, the correctness of the explanation of I'Ab is shown by the saying in the beginning of ch. xxv. of the Kur-án that the Prophet was to be a نَذِير [or warner] لِلْعَالَمِينَ; and he was not a نذير to the beasts, nor to the angels, though all of them are the creatures of God; but only to the jinn, or genii, and mankind. (TA.) b2: عَالَمٌ is also syn. with قَرْنٌ [as meaning A generation of mankind; or the people of one time]. (O, voce طَبَقٌ, q. v.) عَالِمٌ and ↓ عَلِيمٌ signify the same, (IJ, Msb, K, *) as epithets applied to a man; (K;) i. e. Possessing the attribute of عِلْم (IJ, Msb, TA) as a faculty firmly rooted in the mind; [or learned; or versed in science and literature;] the former being used in [what is more properly] the sense of the latter; (IJ, TA;) which is an intensive epithet: (TA:) the pl. is عُلَمَآءُ and عُلَّامٌ, (K,) the latter of which is pl. of عَالِمٌ; (IB, TA;) the former being [properly] pl. of عَلِيمٌ; and عَالِمُونَ is [a] pl. of عَالِمٌ; (Msb;) [but] عُلَمَآءُ is used as a pl. of both, (IJ, TA,) and by him who says only عَالِمٌ [as the sing.], (Sb, TA;) because عَالِمٌ is used in the sense of عَلِيمٌ: to him who is entering upon the study of العِلْم, the epithet ↓ مُتَعَلِّمٌ [which may generally be rendered learning, or a learner,] is applied; not عَالِمٌ. (IJ, TA.) عَالِمٌ is also expl. as signifying One who does according to his knowledge. (TA.) b2: See also عَلِيمٌ: and أَعْلَمُ.

A2: And see العَالَمُ.

عَيْلَمٌ A well having much water: (S, K:) or of which the water is salt: (K:) and a wide well: and sometimes a man was reviled by the saying, يَا ابْنَ العَيْلَمِ, referring to the width of his mother [in respect of the فَرْج]: (TA:) pl. عَيَالِمُ or عَيَالِيمُ. (S, accord. to different copies: in the TA, in this instance, the latter.) b2: And The sea: (S, K:) pl. عَيَالِمُ. (TA.) b3: And The water upon which is the earth: (S, K:) or water concealed, or covered, in the earth; or beneath layers, or strata, of earth; mentioned by Kr: (TA:) [عَيْلَمُ المَآءِ occurs in the JK and TA in art. خسف, and is there plainly shown to mean the water that is beneath a mountain, or stratum of rock: (see also غَيِّثٌ: and see غَيْلَمٌ:) and it is said that] المَأءُ العَيْلَمُ means copious water. (Ham p. 750.) b4: And A large cooking-pot. (T, TA voce هِلْجَابٌ.) A2: Also Plump, and soft, tender, or delicate. (S, K.) A3: And The frog. (AAF, K. [This meaning is also assigned to غَيْلَمٌ.]) b2: And i. q. ↓ عَيْلَامٌ; (K;) which signifies A male hyena; (S, K;) occurring in a trad. (خَبَر) respecting Abraham, relating that he will take up his father to pass with him the [bridge called] صِرَاط, and will look at him, and lo, he will be عَيْلَامٌ أَمْدَرُ [a male hyena inflated in the sides, big in the belly, or having his sides defiled with earth or dust]. (TA.) عَيْلَامٌ: see the next preceding sentence.

أَعْلَمُ [More, and most, knowing or learned]. Applied to God, [it may often be rendered Supreme in knowledge: or omniscient: but often, in this case,] it means [simply] ↓ عَالِمٌ [in the sense of knowing, or cognizant]. (Jel in iii. 31, and I'Ak p. 240.) [Therefore اَللّٰهُ أَعْلَمُ virtually means, sometimes, God knows best; or knows all things: and sometimes, simply, God knows.]

A2: Also [Harelipped; i. e.] having a fissure in his upper lip: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) or in one of its two sides: (K:) the camel is said to be اعلم because of the fissure in his upper lip: when the fissure is in the lower lip, the epithet أَفْلَحُ is used: and أَشْرَمُ is used in both of these, and also in other, similar, senses: (TA:) the fem. of أَعْلَمُ is عَلْمَآءُ: (S, Msb, TA:) which is likewise applied to a lip (شَفَةٌ). (TA.) b2: العَلْمَآءُ signifies also The coat of mail: (K:) mentioned by Sh, in the book entitled كِتَابُ السِّلَاحِ; but as not heard by him except in a verse of Zuheyr Ibn-Khabbáb [?]. (TA.) أُعْلُومَةٌ: see عَلَامَةٌ, in two places.

تِعْلِمَةٌ and تِعْلَامَةٌ: see عَلَّامٌ; each in two places.

مَعْلَمٌ i. q. مَظِنَّةٌ; مَعْلَمُ الشَّىْءِ signifying مَظِنَّتُهُ; (K, TA;) as meaning The place in which is known the existence of the thing: (Msb in art. ظن:) pl. مَعَالِمُ; (TA;) which is the contr. of مَجَاهِلُ, pl. of مَجْهَلٌ [q. v.] as applied to a land; meaning in which are signs of the way. (TA in art. جهل.) And hence, [A person in whom is known the existence of a quality &c.:] one says, هُوَ مَعْلَمٌ لِلْخَيْرِ [He is one in whom good, or goodness, is known to be]. (TA.) b2: Also A thing, (K,) or a mark, trace, or track, (S, TA,) by which one guides himself, or is guided, (S, K, TA,) to the road, or way; (S, TA;) as also ↓ عُلَّامَةٌ and ↓ عَلْمٌ: (K: [in several copies of which, in all as far as I know, وَالعَلْمُ is here put in the place of والعَلْمِ; whereby العَلْمُ is made to be syn. with العَالَمُ: but accord. to SM, it is syn. with المَعْلَمُ, as is shown by what here follows:]) and hence a reading in the Kur [xliii. 61], ↓ وَإِنَّهُ لَعَلْمٌ لِلسَّاعَةِ, meaning And verily he, i. e. Jesus, by his appearing, and descending to the earth, shall be a sign of the approach of the hour [of resurrection]: it is also said, in a trad., that on the day of resurrection there shall not be a مَعْلَم for any one: and the pl. is مَعَالِمُ. (TA.) And مَعْلَمُ الطِّرِيقِ signifies The indication, or indicator, of the road, or way. (TA.) b3: [And hence it signifies likewise An indication, or a symptom, of anything; like عَلَامَةٌ.] b4: See also عَلَمٌ, last quarter.

مُعْلَمٌ pass. part. n. of أَعْلَمَ [q. v.] in the phrase اعلم الثَّوْبَ, and thus applied as an epithet to a garment, or piece of cloth: (S:) [and also in other senses: thus in a verse of 'Antarah cited voce مَشُوفٌ:] and applied to a قِدْح [or gamingarrow] as meaning Having a mark [made] upon it. (TA.) b2: [See also a verse of 'Antarah cited voce مِشَكٌّ.]

مُعْلِمٌ act. part. n. of أَعْلَمَ [q. v.] in the phrase اعلم الثَّوْبَ: [and in other senses:] b2: thus also of the same verb in the phrase اعلم الفَارِسُ. (S.) مُعَلَّمٌ [pass. part. n. of 2, in all its senses: b2: and hence particularly signifying] Directed by inspiration to that which is right and good. (TA.) مُعَلِّمٌ [act. part. n. of 2, in all its senses: and generally meaning] A teacher. (KL.) b2: [It is now also a common title of address to a Christian and to a Jew.]

مَعْلُومٌ [Known; &c.]. الوَقْتُ المَعْلُومُ [mentioned in the Kur xv. 38 and xxxviii. 82] means[The time of] the resurrection. (TA.) And الأَيَّامُ المَعْلُومَاتُ [mentioned in the Kur xxii. 29] means[The first] ten days of Dhu-l-Hijjeh, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) the last of which is the day of the sacrifice. (TA.) b2: [In grammar, The active voice.]

مُتَعَلِّمٌ: see عَالِمٌ.

عقم

1 عُقِمَتْ مَفَاصِلُهُ His joints (S, K) of the arms and legs (S) became dry. (S, K.) [See عُقْمٌ, below.] Hence, (TA,) it is said in a trad. (S, TA) of Ibn-Mes'ood, relating to the resurrection, (TA,) تُعْقَمُ أَصْلَابُ المُنَافِقِينَ وَالمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَا يَسْجُدُونَ (S, * TA) i. e. The joints [of the backbones of the hypocrites and of the believers in a plurality of gods] shall become dry, and bound, so that their backbones shall be [as] one vertebra, impacted together in their constituent parts, [and they shall not be able to prostrate themselves.] (TA.) b2: And عُقِمَتْ; (S;) or عَقِمَتْ; (Msb;) or both; and عَقَمَتْ, aor. ـُ and عَقُمَتْ; (K;) inf. n. عَقْمٌ and عُقْمٌ (S, K) and عَقَمٌ, (K,) or the second of these is a simple subst., and the last is the inf. n. of the second verb; (Msb;) said of the womb (الرَّحِم, S, Msb, K, TA), It was, or became, barren, (Msb,) or incapable of receiving offspring, (S, K,) in consequence of a هَزْمَة therein. (K. [See عُقْمٌ, below.]) and عُقِمَتْ and عَقُمَتْ and عَقِمَتْ are said of a woman [as meaning She was, or became, barren]. (IB, TA.) b3: [Hence,] عَقُمَ خُلُقُهُ, said of a man, (tropical:) His disposition was, or became, bad, or evil. (TA.) b4: And عَقِمَ, (K, TA,) inf. n. عَقْمٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He (a man, TA) was, or became, silent. (K, TA.) A2: عَقَمَ اللّٰهُ رَحِمَهَا, (IB, Msb, K, TA,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K, TA, [in the CK عَقَّمَها and تَعْقِيمًا are erroneously put for عَقَمَهَا and يَعْقِمُهَا,]) inf. n. عَقْمٌ; (IB, Msb, TA;) and (IB, K) ↓ أَعْقَمَهَا; (S, IB, K;) the former used by those who say عُقِمَتْ, and the chaste form; the latter, by those who say عَقُمَتْ and عَقِمَتْ; the two being like حَزَنْتُهُ and أَحْزَنْتُهُ; (IB, TA;) God made her womb to be barren, (Msb,) or incapable of receiving offspring. (S, K.) b2: [Hence,] one says, اليَمِينُ الفَاجِرَةُ تَعْقِمُ الرَّحِمَ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [The false oath] severs communion and kindness between men. (TA.) 2 عقّمهُ, inf. n. تَعْقِيمٌ, (assumed tropical:) He silenced them. (K.) 3 عاقمهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. مُعَاقَمَةٌ and عِقَامٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He contended with him in an altercation, disputed with him, or litigated with him: (S, K, TA:) and vied wth him, contended with him for. superiority, or strove to surpass him, in strength, power, or force. (TA.) 4 أَعْقَمَ see 1, last sentence but one.5 تَعَقَّمَ In the saying of a poet, (S,) namely, Rabee'ah Ibn-Makroom Ed-Dabbee, (TA,) وَمَآءٍ آجِنِ الجَمَّاتِ قَفْرٍ

تَعَقَّمُ فِى جَوَانِبِهِ السِّبَاعُ the meaning is تَحْتَفِرُ [i. e. the verse means Many a water, or and a water, of which the supplies are altered for the worse, and which is deserted, by the sides of which the beasts of prey dig hollows in the ground, app. to obtain water that has become purified by filtration]: or, as some say, the meaning is تَرَدَّدُ [i. e. go to and fro]. (S, TA.) 6 التَّعَاقُمُ is syn. with التَّعَاقُبُ, (K, TA,) The coming to water [by turns, or] time after time; and some say that the م of the former is a substitute for the ب of the latter. (TA.) 8 الاِعْتِقَامُ signifies The digging a well, and, when one has nearly reached the water, digging a small well, (S, K, TA,) in the middle of the former, (TA,) of sufficient dimensions for one's finding the flavour of the water; when, if it be sweet, the rest of it is dug, (S, K, TA,) and made wide; otherwise it is abandoned. (TA.) b2: Also The entering into, or upon, an affair. (TA.) b3: And The overcoming [another] in a game of hazard; syn. القَمْرُ. (TA.) عَقْمٌ and ↓ عَقْمَةٌ and ↓ عِقْمَةٌ A red [garment of the sort called] مِرْط [q. v.]: or any red garment: and the last signifies a variegated, or figured, cloth or garment; syn. وَشْىٌ: (K:) [see an ex. of this last in a verse cited voce جِرْمَةٌ:] or all signify a certain sort of وَشْى: (S:) or, accord. to Lh, the last signifies one of the sorts of variegated, or figured, cloths [that serve for the coverings] of the [women's camel-vehicles called] هَوَادِج; (TA;) as also the second; and so عَقْبَةٌ: (O and TA in art. عقب:) but some, Lh adds, say that it signifies sorts of لَبِن [evidently, I think, a mistranscription for لِبْس i. e. clothing], white and red. (TA.) عُقْمٌ [accord. to the S and K an inf. n., but accord. to the Msb a simple subst.,] Dryness that prevents the receiving of an impression: this is the primary signification accord. to Er-Rághib. (TA.) b2: [And] Barrenness of the womb: (Msb:) or a هَزْمَة [generally and properly signifying a depression, or dint, but here app. meaning a stricture, (see عَقِيمٌ,)] that takes place in the womb, in consequence of which it is incapable of receiving offspring: (K, TA:) so in the M. (TA.) عِقْمٌ accord. to the TK signifies the same as عَقْمٌ as syn. with عَقْمَةٌ and عِقْمَةٌ: but this I do not find in the K.]

عَقْمَةٌ: see عَقْمٌ.

A2: عَقْمَةُ القَمَرِ [in the CK عَقَمَةُ القَمَرِ] The return of the moon. (K, TA, TK.) [See عِقْبَةُ القَمَرِ and عَقْبَةُ القَمَرِ, of the latter of which it is app. a dial. var.]

عِقْمَةٌ: see عَقْمٌ.

عَقْمِىٌّ: see the paragraph here following.

عُقْمِىٌّ A man of old [or hereditary] nobility and generosity. (K, TA. [For والكَرِيمُ in the CK, I read وَالكَرَمِ, as in other copies of the K and in the TA.]) b2: Also, and ↓ عُقْمِىٌّ, [as rel. ns. from عُقْمٌ and its syn. عَقْمٌ, both inf. ns. accord. to the S and K,] (so in copies of the S,) or عُقْمِىٌّ and ↓ عِقْمِىٌّ, with damm and with kesr, (K,) applied to speech, or language, (كَلَام,) (tropical:) Obscure, recondite, or abstruse, (S, K, TA,) which men do not know; like what are termed نَوَادِر; and so عُقْبِىّ: or such as is termed ↓ عَقِيمٌ [lit. barren], from which no verb is derived: accord. to the A, strange, or difficult to understand; the mode, or manner, of which is not known: expl. to AA by a man of Hudheyl as meaning of the Time of Ignorance, not now known: accord. to Th, old and obsolete. (TA.) [Hence,] ↓ فُلَانٌ ذُو عقميّات [i. e. عُقْمِيَّاتٍ or عَقْمِيَّاتٍ, app. meaning Such a one has obscure modes of expression], mentioned by IAar as said of a man اذا كان يلوى بخصمه [which I can only conjecture to mean “ when he turns his adversary in a dispute from the right point: ” the difficulty in the phrase lies in the verb, which I think to be more probably يُلْوِى than يَلْوِى: (see أَلْوَى:) what follows it is evidently بِخَصْمِهِ]. (TA.) عِقْمِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

عُقْمِيَّات or عَقْمِيَّات: see عُقْمِىٌّ, last sentence.

عَقَامٌ: see عَقِيمٌ, in two places. b2: Also (tropical:) A vehement war or battle, (S, K, TA,) and so ↓ عُقَامٌ and ↓ عَقِيمٌ, (K, TA,) all meaning one in which no one pauses nor waits for another, in which is much slaughter, and women become husbandless. (TA.) b3: And (tropical:) A man of evil disposition; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ عُقَامٌ; (CK, but not in other copies of the K nor in the TA;) and a woman likewise. (TA.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) An incurable disease; (S, K;) as also ↓ عُقَامٌ, which is the more chaste; (K;) or the latter is that which is accord. to analogy, but the former is that which has been heard: (S:) or of which one will not hope to be cured. (A, TA.) b5: And A strong she-camel such as is termed بَازِلٌ [i. e. in her ninth, or eighth, year]. (K.) A2: And A species of fish. (K.) b2: And (K) it is said to be (TA) A serpent inhabiting the sea; (K, TA;) respecting which they say, (TA,) the أَسْوَد (i. e. the serpent so called, TA) comes from the land, and whistles upon the shore, whereupon the عقام comes forth to it, and they twist together (يَتَلَاوَيَانِ); then they separate, and each goes away to its abode. (K, TA.) عُقَامٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places. b2: Also, (K, TA,) and ↓ عَقِيمٌ, (TA,) A hard, distressing, or distressful, day: (K, TA:) accord. to Er-Rághib, one in which is no joy. (TA.) عَقِيمٌ, (K,) with which ↓ عَقَامٌ is syn., (S,) is applied to a womb, meaning [Barren; or] incapable of receiving offspring, in consequence of a هَزْمَة therein; [see عُقْمٌ;] as also عَقِيمَةٌ, and ↓ مَعْقُومَةٌ; (K;) the last of which is expl. by Ks as signifying, thus applied, bound, or constricted; (مَشْدُودَةٌ; so in some copies of the S, and in the TA;) or obstructed; (مَسْدُودَةٌ; so in other copies of the S;) that will not bring forth offspring. (S, TA.) It is also applied to a woman, (IAar, S, Msb, K,) as meaning Barren; that will not bring forth offspring: (IAar, Msb, TA:) so in a trad. cited voce أَسْوَأُ, in art. سوأ: (TA:) pl. عَقَائِمُ and عُقُمٌ, (S, Msb,) and sometimes عُقْمٌ, (S, and so in some copies of the K instead of عُقُمٌ,) a contraction of عُقُمٌ. (S.) And it is also applied to a man, meaning To whom no child is born; (S, Msb, K;) and so ↓ عَقَامٌ: (K:) pl. عُقَمَآءُ and عِقامٌ (Msb, K) and عَقْمَى. (K.) b2: [Hence,] applied to a wind, (tropical:) Such as does not fecundate, or fructify; (K, TA;) that does not cause clouds to produce rain, nor trees to produce fruit; (S;) i. e. that does not bring rain, but is destructive: or that does not fructify the trees, nor raise clouds, nor bear rain. (TA.) And الرِّيحُ العَقِيمُ [mentioned in the Kur li. 41] means (assumed tropical:) The west, or westerly, wind, by means of which [the tribe of]

'Ád were destroyed. (TA.) b3: Applied to intellect (عَقْلٌ), it means (assumed tropical:) [Barren, or] unprofitable to him who possesses it: (Msb:) or unfruitful of good. (TA.) b4: As applied to speech, or language, see عُقْمِىٌّ. كَلِمَاتٌ عُقُمٌ means (assumed tropical:) [Words, or expressions, or sentences,] strange, or difficult to understand. (TA.) b5: It is applied to a day as meaning (assumed tropical:) Without air [or wind], and therefore [sultry, or] intensely hot. (Msb.) b6: See also عُقَامٌ. b7: And see عَقَامٌ. b8: The day of resurrection is termed يَوْمٌ عَقِيمٌ because [it is (assumed tropical:) A day] having no day after it. (S, TA.) Accord. to some, it is thus termed in the Kur xxii. 54. (Bd &c.) b9: الدُّنْيَا عَقِيمٌ means (assumed tropical:) [The present world] does not render good to him who is of the people thereof. (TA.) b10: And one says, المُلْكُ عَقِيمٌ meaning (tropical:) Dominion is a condition in which, (A, K, TA,) or in the seeking of which, (Msb,) relationship profits not, (A, Msb, K, TA,) nor friendship: (Msb:) for a man will slay his son, (S, Msb,) if he fear him, (S,) and his father, (Msb,) for dominion; (S, Msb;) or because, in seeking it, the father will be slain, and the son, and the brother, and the paternal uncle; (Th, K;) or because, in it, the ties of relationship are severed by slaughter and by undutiful conduct. (TA.) مَعْقِمٌ A joint of a horse; (S, K;) such as [that of] the pastern, next the hoof, and the knee, and the hock: (S:) pl. مَعَاقِمُ: (S, K:) the pl. signifies certain vertebræ between [the one called] the فَرِيدَة [q. v.] and the عَجْب [i. e. the root, or base, of the tail], in the hinder part of the backbone, (K, TA,) of the horse. (TA.) One says of a horse, هُوَ شَدِيدُ المَعَاقِمِ, meaning He is strong in respect of the vertebræ above mentioned: and likewise, in the joints of the pasterns. (TA.) b2: Also A joint, or knot, in straw. (S, TA.) مَقْعُومَةٌ: see عَقِيمٌ, first sentence.

ع ل ق

علق به وعلقه: نشب به. قال أبو زبيد يصف أسداً:

إذا علقت قرناً خطاطيف كفّه ... رأى الموت في عينيه أسود أحمرا

وقال جرير يصف شجاعاً:

إذا علقت مخالبه بقرن ... أصاب القلب أو هتك الحجابا

وعلق بالمرأة وعلّقها. ويقال: نظرة من ذي علق أي من ذي علاقة وهي الهوى. وتقول: امرأة معلقه، لا ذات زوج ولا مطلقة. وتقول: لو عُلقها لما عَلقها. وعلّق فلان أمره، وأمره معلق إذا لم يصرمه ولم يتركه، ومنه: تعليق أفعال القلوب. وتعلق التميمة، وتعلق بها: علقها على نفسه. وفي الحديث: " من تعلق شيئاً وكل إليه " وقا عبيد الله بن زياد لأبي الأسود: لو تعلقت معاذةً. وأعلق الحبل في عنق فلان: جعله فيها. وأعلقت المصحف: جعلت له علاقة يعلق بها. ولفلان في هذا الأمر علقة وعلاقة. وما نفعه بعلاقة سوط. وما لفلان علاقةٌ أي ما يتعلّق به في عيشته من حرفة أو ضيعة. وما يأكل فلان إلا علقة أي ما يمسك به رمقه، ويقال: علقوا رمقه بشيء، ومنه: " ليس المتعلق كالمتأنّق " أي الذي يتبلغ كالذي يتأنق في المطاعم، وما طعامه إلا التعلق والعلقة. ويقال للهنة: العلقة. وتعلق: تسلف. ويقال: لابدّ للغادي من علقة. وعلّقت مطيتي بمطية فلان. قال الطرماح:

كأن المطايا ليلة الخمس علقت ... بوثابة بعد الكلالة شحشح

سريعة، يريد القطاة. وامرأة علوق: فروك. وناقة علوق: ترأم ولدها ولا تدرّ، يقال: عاملتنا معاملة العلوق. وقال:

وكيف ينفع ما تعطي العلوق به ... رئمان أنف إذا ما ضن باللبن

ويقال للشيخ: قد علق الكبر منه معالقه. وفي المثل " علقت معالقها وصرّ الجندب " الضمير للدلو. ويقال للرجل إذا نزل عن بعيره ومشى: علق لراحلتك أي ألق خطامها على عنقها. قال:

لقد أسوق بالكماة الأزوال ... من بين عمّ وابن عم أو خال

معلّقاً لذات لوثٍ شملال ويقال: " أعلقت فأدرك ": من أعلق الحابل إذا علق الصيد بحبالته. وعلق فلان دم فلان إذا قتله. وتقول: شيخ شديد الأولق، وحديث طويل العولق؛ أي طويل الذنب. وعلق مخلاة بلا عليق وهو القضيم. وعلقت أفعل كذا، نحو: طفقت. وعلقت المرأة: حبلت. " واء بعلق فلق " وهي الداهية، وقد أعلقت وأفلقت أي جئت بها. وعلقت به العلوق أي المنية. قال:

وسائلة بثعلبة بن سير ... وقد علقت بثعلبة العلوق

وما تركت السائمة بالأرض من علاق، وكذلك الحالب بالناقة وهو ما يتعلق به من رعي أو حلب. وما لبابه مغلاق، ولا معلاق؛ أي ما يفتح بمفتاح أو بغير مفتاح وهو المزلاج، وكلّ شيء علق به شيء فهو معلاقة، ويقال: في بيته معاليق التمر والعنب. وعلق فلان باباً على داره إذا نصبه وركبه. ويقال للألدّ: إنه لذو معلاق وذو مغلاق، قال المبرد: من رواه بالعين فمعناه إذا علق خصماً لم يتخلّص منه، ومن رواه بالغين فتأويله أنه يغلق الحجّة على الخصم. وروي بيت مهلهل:

إن تحت الأحجار حزماً وجوداً ... وخصميماً ألدّ ذا مغلاق

بالروايتين. وفلان علق علم وقن علم، وهذا علق مضنّة، وهذه أعلاق مضنة، وعالقت فلاناً: فاخرته بالأعلاق فعلقته أي كنت أحسن علقاً منه.

علق

عَلَقَ(n. ac. عَلْق
عُلُوْق)
a. [Min], Browsed, nibbled, ate the leaves of ( the
trees ).
b.(n. ac. عَلْق) [Bi], Reviled, abused. _ast;
عَلِقَ(n. ac. عَلَق)
a. see supra
(a)b. [Bi], Was suspended, tied to; was hooked to; clung
adhered to; was attached to.
c. ['Ala], Was dependent, depended upon.
d.(n. ac. عُلُوْق), Was trapped, snared, caught.
e. Conceived.
f.(n. ac. عِلْق
عَلَق
عَلَاْقَة
عُلُوْق) [Bi], Became attached to, loved.
g. Began, set about.
h. Befitted, suited.
i. Ceased, left off, discontinued.
j. Knew (matter).
k. [Bi], Contended, had an altercation with.
l. [pass.], Applied, used leeches.
عَلَّقَa. Hung, suspended, hooked to; appended to (
note ); made dependent upon.
b. [acc. & Min], Made extracts, excerpts, notes from.
c. [acc. & La], Applied (leeches) to.
d. [pass.], Fell in love with.
e. Closed, bolted (door).
f. [La] [ coll. ]. Hung the nose-bag
round the neck of.
g. [ coll. ], Caught fire, ignited
kindled; burst out, was kindled (war).
h. [ coll. ], Lit, kindled
ignited.
عَاْلَقَa. Vied with.

أَعْلَقَ
a. [acc. & Bi], Hung, hooked, suspended, attached to.
b. Caught, snared, trapped game.
c. Applied leeches.
d. Put a thong to (bow).
تَعَلَّقَ
a. [Bi], Was suspended to, hung from; was fastened to.
b. [acc.
or
Bi], Became attached, devoted to; fell in love with.
c. see (عَلِقَ) (c).
إِعْتَلَقَa. see (عَلِقَ) (c) & V (b).
عَلْقa. Catch, rent, tear.
b. see 2 (a) (b), (c).
عِلْق
(pl.
عُلُوْق
أَعْلَاْق
38)
a. Precious thing, valuable.
b. Rich apparel.
c. Sack, bag.
d. Attached, devoted to, fond of; addicted, inclined to;
lover.
e. Wine.

عِلْقَةa. see 2 (b)b. Child's garment.

عُلْقَة
(pl.
عُلَق)
a. Attachment, affection.
b. Property, possession.

عَلَقa. Sticking, clinging.

عَلَقَة
( pl.
reg. &
عَلَق
4)
a. Leech.

مِعْلَق
(pl.
مَعَاْلِقُ)
a. Small milking-vessel.

عَلَاْقَة
(pl.
عَلَاْئِقُ)
a. see 3t (a)b. Connection; hold.
c. Livelihood; trade, occupation.
d. Dowry.
e. Nose-bag, fodder-bag.
f. see 25t (b)
عِلَاْقَة
(pl.
عَلَاْئِقُ)
a. see 3t (a)b. Thong, strap; cord.
c. Fruit-stalk, stem, petiole.
d. Title; surname; epithet; nick-name.

عَلِيْقa. Ration, allowance; fodder, provender.
b. Suspended, hanging; dependent.

عَلِيْقَةa. Nosebag.
b. (pl.
عَلَاْئِقُ), Camel charged to bring back corn.
عَلُوْقa. see 25t (b)b. Cleaving, sticking.
c. Calamity; death.
d. Pastor.

مِعْلَاْق
(pl.
مَعَاْلِيْقُ)
a. see 23t (b)b. Anything suspended.
c. The vitals, the viscera: heart, spleen, liver
lungs.

N. P.
عَلَّقَa. Hanging, suspended, pendent, pensile.
b. Attached, devoted, fond.
c. [ coll. ], Alight, burning.

N. Ac.
عَلَّقَ
a. see تَعْلِيْقَة
(a).
N. Ag.
تَعَلَّقَ
a. [Bi], Dependent on.
b. [Bi], Attached to.
N. Ac.
تَعَلَّقَa. Attachment, affection, liking, inclination
fondness.
b. Dependence.

تَعْلِيْقَة (pl.
تَعَاْلِيْق)
a. Marginal note; extract, excerpt; appendix.
b. [ coll. ], Ornament formed of
coins.
مُعَلَّقَات
a. Seven Arabic poems: the seven suspended odes.

عُلَّيْق عُلَّيْقَة عُلَّيْقَى
a. Bramble, brier.
b. Wild mulberry.

عِلْق عِلْم
a. A lover of learning.

عِلْق خَيْر
a. A lover of good; philanthropist, humanitarian.

عِلْق شَرّ
a. A lover of evil; misanthrope.

لَمْ يَبْقَ لِي عِنْدَهُ
عُلْقَة
a. There remains nothing for me with him.

عَامَلْنَا مُعَامَلَة
العَلُوْق
a. He treated us with words, not deeds.