صل

ى1 صَلَاهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. صَلْىٌ, (S, M, K,) He roasted, broiled, or fried, it, namely, flesh-meat, (S, M, Msb, K,) &c.; (S;) and صَلَاهُ فِى النَّارِ and عَلَى النَّارِ signify the same; and also he burned it. (TA.) And (so in the M, but in the K “ or ”) صَلَاهُ (M, K) فِى النَّارِ (M) He threw it into the fire to be burned; as also ↓ اصلاهُ; and ↓ صلّاهُ, (M, K,) inf. n. تَصْلِيَةٌ; (TA;) namely, flesh-meat. (M, K. [But see the next sentence.]) And صَلَاهُ النَّارَ and فِى النَّارِ and عَلَى النَّارِ, (M, K,) inf. n. صَلْىٌ and صُلِىٌّ and صِلِىٌّ; (M;) and النَّارَ ↓ اصلاهُ, and النَّارَ ↓ صلّاهُ; He made him to enter into the fire, and to remain, stay, dwell, or abide, therein: (M, K:) and فُلَانٌ النَّارَ ↓ صُلِّىَ [Such as one was made to enter into the fire, &c.]: (M:) [or] you say, صَلَيْتُ الرَّجُلَ نَارًا, meaning I made the man to enter fire and to be burned: and ↓ أَصْلَيْتُهُ, with ا, when you mean I threw him, or cast him, into the fire, as though intending burning [him]; as also ↓ صَلَّيْتُهُ, inf. n. تَصْلِيَةٌ. (S.) b2: And صَلَيْتُ فُلَانًا, (T, TA,) or لِفُلَانٍ, (S, TA,) (tropical:) I laboured in a case, or an affair, desiring to calumniate, or slander, such a one therein, and to cause him to fall into destruction: (T, S, TA:) or صَلَيْتُهُ and صَلَيْتُ لَهُ both signify I calumniated, or slandered, him, and caused him to fall into destruction, (M, TA,) in consequence thereof: (M:) or, accord. to the K, صَلَى

فُلَانًا, of which the inf. n. is صَلْىٌ, signifies he soothed, coaxed, wheedled, or cajoled, such a one: or deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, him: which meanings are not in any of the three lexicons above mentioned: accord. to the A, صَلَيْتُ بِفُلَانٍ [probably a mistranscription for لِفُلَانٍ] means (tropical:) I framed a stratagem, or plot, to cause such a one to fall; there said to be tropical. (TA.) b3: صَلَى يَدَهُ بِالنَّارِ [said in the TA to be a mistake]: see 2.

A2: صَلِىَ النَّارَ, (S, M, Msb, K,) and بِالنَّارِ, (M, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (S, Msb, * K, *) inf. n. صَلًى, (Msb,) or صُلِىٌّ, (S, K, [صَلْيًا in the CK being a mistranscription for صُلِيًّا,]) or both, (M,) and صِلِىٌّ and صِلَآءٌ, (M, K,) and accord. to the K صَلَآءٌ, but this is a mistake for صَلًى, (TA,) He was, or became, burned [by the fire]: (S:) or he endured, or suffered, the heat of the fire; as also النَّارَ ↓ تصلّى: (M, K:) or he felt the heat of the fire: (Msb:) and one says ↓ تصلّى

حَرَّ النَّارِ and ↓ اصطلاهُ [in this last sense or in the sense next preceding]: (Ham p. 792:) and صَلِىَ النَّارَ he entered into the fire: (TA in art. بله: see an ex. voce بَلْهَ:) or, accord. to Er-Rághib, صَلِىَ بِالنَّارِ means he was tried (بُلِىَ) by fire, or by the fire; and so بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) [by such a thing, as though by fire]. (TA.) [In the Kur, in which are many exs. of it, (iv. 11, xiv. 34, xvii. 19, &c.,) it is always trans. by itself, without بِ.] And صَلِىَ بِالأَمْرِ, (S, M, *) and بِالحَرْبِ; (S;) and الأَمْرَ ↓ تصلّى, and الحَرْبَ; (M;) He endured, or suffered, the heat, and severity, or vehemence, of the affair, or case, and of the war, or fight: (S, M:) Aboo-Zubeyd says, حَرَّ حَرْبِهِمُ ↓ فَقَدْ تَصَلَّيْتُ المَقْرُورُ مِنْ قَرَسِ ↓ كَمَا تَصَلَّى

[And I have suffered the heat and vehemence of their war, like as he who is affected with cold suffers in consequence of coldest and most abundant hoar-frost]. (M.) A3: [It is said that] صَلِىَ الرَّجُلُ signifies also لَزِمَ [i. e. The man kept to, or clave to, a thing]; and so ↓ اصطلى: whence Zj holds صَلَاةٌ [expl. in art. صلو] to be derived; because it is a keeping, or cleaving, to that which God has appointed: and hence also, [it is said,] فِى النَّارِ ↓ مَنْ يُصَلَّى, i. e. يلزم [app. يُلْزَمُ, meaning مَنْ يُلْزَمُ النَّارَ He who is made to keep, or cleave, to the fire; nearly agreeing with صَلَّاهُ النَّارَ as expl. above from the M and K]. (TA.) A4: and صَلَيْتُ الظَّهْرَ means I struck, or beat, that part of the back which is called صَلًا: or I hit that part: but this is extr.; for by rule it should be صَلَوْتُهُ, like as Hudheyl say. (M. [See 1 in art. صلو.]) 2 صَلَّىَ see 1, second sentence; and third sentence in three places; and last sentence but one. b2: One says also, صلّى يَدَهُ بِالنَّارِ, (M, TA,) accord. to the K ↓ صَلَى, [without teshdeed,] but this is wrong, as is shown by a verse cited in the M, (TA,) He warmed his hand with the fire. (M, K, TA.) [And it is said in the TA that صلا ظَهْرَهُ بالنهر means أَدْفَأَهُ: but I think that the right reading is صلّى ظَهْرَهُ بِالنَّمِرَةِ, i. e. He warmed his back with the woollen garment called نَمِرَة.] b3: And صَلَّيْتُ العَصَا بِالنَّارِ I made the staff supple, and straightened it, by means of fire: (S:) or صلّى العَصَا عَلَى النَّارِ, (M, K,) inf. n. تَصْلِيَةٌ; (K;) and ↓ تصلّاها; he parched and darkened the staff upon the fire; syn. لَوَّحَهَا: (M, K:) or صلّى العَصَا he straightened the staff by turning it round over the fire: (T in art. دوم: see an ex. in a verse cited in that art., conj. 10:) and صَلَّيْتُ القَنَاةَ I straightened the spear-shaft by means of fire: (A, TA:) and صَلَّيْتُ العُودَ بِالنَّارِ I rendered supple the stick, or branch, by means of fire. (Msb.) 4 أَصْلَىَ see 1, second sentence; and third sentence in two places.5 تَصَلَّىَ see the next paragraph, in two places: b2: see also 1, latter half, in five places: b3: and see 2, last sentence.8 اصطلى He warmed himself (M, K) بِالنَّارِ [by means of the fire]: (M:) one says, اِصْطَلَيْتُ بِالنَّارِ and بِهَا ↓ تَصَلَّيْتُ [app. meaning I warmed myself by means of the fire]: (S:) or اصطلى النَّارَ and بِالنَّارِ mean he became warm by means of the fire: and بِالنَّارِ ↓ تصلّى, he became burnt by the fire. (MA.) Hence, in the Kur [xxvii. 7 and xxviii. 29], لَعَلَّكُمْ تَصْطَلُونَ [May-be ye will warm yourselves]: (TA:) in relation to which it is said that the time was winter, and therefore الاِصْطِلَآء

was needed. (M, TA.) b2: It is also said of the chameleon, as meaning He repaired to the sun. (M and L in art. شقذ: see an ex. in a verse cited voce شَقَذَانٌ.) b3: And one says of a courageous man, with whom one cannot cope, لَا يُصْطَلَى بِنَارِهِ [lit. One cannot warm himself by means of his fire; meaning (assumed tropical:) one cannot approach him when he is inflamed with rage, especially in fight, or battle]. (S.) The phrase may be also used satirically, as meaning (assumed tropical:) One will not seek his hospitality. (Meyd. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 588.]) b4: See also 1, latter half, in two places.

صَلًى: see صَلَآءٌ.

صَلَآءٌ: see صَلَايَةٌ.

صِلَآءٌ Roasted, broiled, or fried, flesh-meat. (S, M, K.) b2: And, as also ↓ صَلًى, (S, M, K,) the former with kesr and the latter with fet-h, (S,) Fuel; (S, * M, K;) syn. وَقُودٌ; (M, K, TA; [in the CK, erroneously, وُقُود;]) i. e. مَا تُوقَدُ بِهِ النَّارُ; (TA;) you say صِلَآءُ النَّارِ and صَلَى النَّارِ: (S:) or both signify fire: (M, Mgh, K:) or صِلَآءٌ signifies the heat of fire. (Msb.) One says, هُوَ

أَحْسَنُ مِنَ الصِّلَآءِ فِى الشِّتَآءِ [It, or he, is better than fire in winter]. (TA.) صَلِىٌّ: see مَصْلِىٌّ.

صَلَآءَةٌ: see what next follows.

صَلَايَةٌ and ↓ صَلَآءَةٌ, (S, M, Mgh, K,) the latter with ء because ↓ صَلَآءٌ is used as the pl., [or rather coll. gen. n.,] but not by those who say صَلَايَةٌ, (Sb, M,) [for] the pl. [of this] is صُلِىٌّ and صِلِىٌّ (K) and صَلَايَاتٌ, (MA,) i. q. فِهْرٌ [i. e. A stone such as fills the hand; or of the size of that with which one bruises and breaks walnuts and the like]: (S:) or a thing with which perfume is bruised, brayed, or pounded: (M, K:) or a stone upon which one bruises, or powders, (MA, Mgh,) perfume or some other thing; (Mgh;) that with which [not upon which] one does so being called مِدْوَكٌ. (MA.) Imra-el-Keys [in a verse of his Mo'allakah, (see EM p. 45,) as some relate it,] uses the phrase صَلَايَةُ حَنْظَلِ, because colocynths, when they have become dry, are split therewith. (S. [But there are two other readings, صَرَايَة and صَرَابَة.]) b2: Also, (K,) as being likened thereto, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) The forehead. (K.) b3: And the former word, A rough, rugged, سَرِيحَة [or long strip] of [high ground such as is termed] قُفّ. (ISh, Az, TA.) صِلِّيَانٌ: see art. صل.

صَالٍ is expl. by Freytag as meaning Heated or warmed (“ calefactus ”), and burnt: and the pl. is said by him to be صُلِىٌّ: but he names no authority: if this be correct, it must be a possessive epithet from صَلِىَ.]

صَالِيَةٌ A support for the cooking-pot, such as is termed أُثْفِيَّةٌ. (MA.) مَصْلِىٌّ Roasted, broiled, or fried; as also ↓ صَلِىٌّ. (Ham pp. 13-14. [Both of these words are there without any syll. signs.]) It is said in a trad., أُتِىَ بِشَاةٍ مَصْلِيَّةٍ i. e. A roasted sheep, or goat, was brought. (S, TA.) b2: And صَيْحَانِيَّةٌ مَصْلِيَّةٌ means [A date of the sort called صَيْحَانِىّ] dried in the sun. (A, TA.) أَرْضٌ مَصْلَاةٌ A land abounding with the plant called صِلِّيَان. (K.) مِصْلَاةٌ A snare that is set up for birds &c.: (S, M: *) pl. مَصَالٍ. (S, M.) It is said in a trad., إِنَّ لِلشَّيْطَانِ فُخُوخًا وَمَصَالِىَ (S) or مَصَالِىَ وَفُخُوخًا i. e. [Verily to the Devil belong snares and traps] with which he catches men. (M.) مُصْطَلًى The limbs of a man, or his arms and legs and face and every prominent part, which become cold at the time of death, and which are warmed at the fire: (AHeyth, L in art. برد:) or the face and extremities. (Z, TA.) One says, بَرَدَ المَوْتُ عَلَى مُصْطَلَاهُ. (AHeyth, L in art. برد: see 1 in that art.)

سلم

1 سَلِمَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. سَلَامَةٌ (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and سَلَامٌ (A, TA) and سَلَمٌ and سَلْمٌ and سِلْمٌ, (Bd in xxxix. 30,) He was, or became, safe, or secure; or he escaped; (M, TA;) or he was, or became, free; (TA;) مِنَ الآفَاتِ [from evils of any kind], (S, Mgh,) or مِنَ الآفَةِ [from evil of any kind], (K,) or مِنَ البَلَآءِ [from trial, or affliction], (A, TA,) or مِنَ الأَمْرِ [from the affair]: (M:) he (a traveller) was, or became, safe, secure, or free, from evils of any kind: (Msb:) and سَلِمَ مِنَ العَيْبِ he was, or became, free from fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice; syn. بَرِئَ. (Msb in art. برأ.) [Hence,] one says, لَا بِذِى تَسْلَمُ مَا كَانَ

گَذَا وَكَذَا, (ISk, S, K, *) meaning No, by God [or Him] who maketh thee to be in safety, (ISk, S, K,) [such and such things were not;] and to two persons لا بذى تَسْلَمَانِ, and to a pl. number لا بذى تَسْلَمُونَ, and to a female لا بذى تَسْلَمِينَ, and to a pl. number [of females] لا بذى تَسْلَمْنَ. (ISk, S, K. *) And لَا أَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ بِذِى تَسْلَمُ, meaning, بِذِى سَلَامَتِكِ [i. e. I will not do that, by the Author (lit. Lord or Master) of thy safety]; and in like manner, بذى تَسْلَمَانِ, and بذى تَسْلَمُونَ. (Sb, M. [See also ذو.]) And اِذْهَبْ بِذِى تَسْلَمُ, i. e. اِذْهَبْ بِسَلَامَتِكَ [Go thou with thy safety; or, with the Author of thy safety to protect thee; meaning go thou in safety]; and [to two persons]

اِذْهَبَا بِذِى تَسْلَمَانِ. (S, K.) ذى is thus prefixed to a verb [as virtually governing it in the gen. case] like as آيَة is in an instance mentioned under this latter word; but these are two extr. instances; for only a noun significant of time is [regularly] prefixed to a verb, as in the phrase هٰذَا يَوْمُ يُفْعَلُ, meaning يُفْعَلُ فِيهِ: (Akh, S:) it is not prefixed to any but this verb تَسْلَمُ [and its variations as above mentioned]. (Sb, M, K.) b2: And hence, (Mgh,) one says also, سَلِمَتْ لَهُ الضَّيْعَةُ, meaning [The landed estate] was, or became, free from participation to him; syn. خَلَصَت. (Mgh, TA.) A2: سلمهُ, [app. سَلَمَهُ, or perhaps سَلِمَهُ, for some verbs of this measure are trans., as حَسِبَ and وَرِثَ,] inf. n. سلم, [app. سَلَمٌ, q. v. infrà,] He made him a captive. (TA.) A3: سَلَمَتْهُ الحَيَّةُ, (TA,) inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (M, K, TA,) The serpent bit him: (M, * K, * TA:) mentioned by Az, but he adds that no one but Lth has said this. (TA.) A4: سَلَمَ الجِلْدَ, aor. ـِ (S, K,) inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (TA,) He tanned the skin with [قَرَظ, i. e. leaves of] the سَلَم [or mimosa flava]. (S, K, TA.) b2: سَلَمَ الدَّلْوَ, (M, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (M,) He finished making the leathern bucket; and made it firm, strong, or sound, or made it firmly, strongly, or soundly. (M, K.) 2 سلّمهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَسْلِيمٌ, (K,) He (God) made him to be safe, secure, or free; saved, secured, or freed, him; (M, Msb, TA;) مِنَ الآفَاتِ [from evils of any kind], (S, Msb,) or مِنَ الآفَةِ [from evil of any kind], (K,) or مِنَ الأَمْرِ [from the affair]. (M.) [Freytag assigns the same meaning to ↓ اسلمهُ also, as on the authority of the Ham; in which I find no explanation of this verb except one which will be found later in this paragraph.] b2: [Hence,] التَّسْلِيمُ is also syn. with السَّلَامُ, (S, K, TA,) as meaning The saluting, or greeting, one with a prayer for his safety, or security, or freedom, from evils of any kind in his religion and in his person; and the interpretation thereof is [the expressing a desire for] التَّخْلِيصٌ; (Mbr, TA;) or the saluting, or greeting, one with a prayer for his life; or, by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ [q. v. infrà, voce سَلَامٌ]; syn. التَّحِيَّةُ. (TA.) You say, سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ [meaning He so saluted, or greeted, him]. (M, Msb.) [This, when said of God, virtually means سَلَّمَهُ, i. e. He saved him; and should be rendered agreeably with this explanation in the phrase commonly used after the mention of the Prophet, صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ May God bless and save him. You say also, سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ بِالخِلَافَةِ He saluted him with the acknowledgment of his being Khaleefeh; saying, سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ يَا أَمِيرَ المُؤْمِنِينَ Salutation to thee, or peace be on thee, &c., O Prince of the Faithful.] التَّسْلِيمَةُ signifies The salutation that is pronounced on finishing every two rek'ahs in prayer: (Har p. 180:) [and also that which is pronounced after the last rek'ah of each of the prayers (i. e. after the sunneh prayers and the fard alike), addressed to the two guardian and recording angels: (see my “ Modern Egyptians,” ch. iii., p. 78 of the 5th ed.:) and سَلَّمَ means He pronounced either of those salutations.] b3: [Hence also,] سلّم إِلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ, (S, K, *) inf. n. as above; (K;) and ↓ اسلم اليه الشىءَ; (M;) He gave to him the thing; (S, * M, K;) or delivered it to him: (M:) [he resigned it to him:] and سلّم إِلَيْهِ الوَدِيعَةَ, (Mgh,) or سلّم الوَدِيعَةَ لِصَاحِبِهَا, He delivered the deposit [to him, or] to its owner: (Msb:) and ↓ اسلم الثَّوْبَ إِلَى الخَيَّاطِ (Mgh) signifies the same as سلّمهُ إِلَيْهِ [i. e. He delivered the garment, or piece of cloth, to the tailor]. (Har p. 166.) b4: See also 4, in two places. b5: You say also, سلّم الأَجِيرُ نَفْسَهُ لِلْمُسْتَأْجِرِ The hired man gave himself up, or gave authority over himself, to the hirer. (Msb.) And ↓ أَسْلَمْتُهُ and سَلَّمْتُهُ I left him in the power of him who desired to kill him or to wound him. (Ham p. 115.) And لِلْهَلَكَةِ ↓ اسلمهُ [He gave him up to destruction]: in this case with [the prep.] ل only. (Har p. 166.) and الرَّجُلَ ↓ اسلم, (S, * M, Msb, *) or العَدُوَّ, (K,) He left, forsook, or deserted, (M, K,) the man, (S, * M, Msb, *) or the enemy; (K;) or abstained from aiding, or assisting, him; (S, M, Msb, K;) and threw him into destruction. (IAth, TA.) and لِمَا بِهِ ↓ اسلمهُ He left him [to that bane which was in him: app. referring to the bite of a serpent, or any evil affection: see سَلِيمٌ, third sentence]. (S, * M.) b6: And سلّم أَمْرَهُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ and ↓ اسلمهُ, both meaning the same, (S, Msb, K, TA,) i. e. He committed his case to God. (TA.) b7: And سلّم الدَّعْوَى He acknowledged the truth [or justice] of the claim, demand, or suit; [he conceded its truth or justice;] from سلّم الوَدِيعَةَ لِصَاحِبِهَا, expl. above; denoting an ideal delivering [or yielding of a thing to another person]. (Msb.) [Hence one says, سلّم أَنَّهُ كَذَا He conceded that it was thus.] b8: And التَّسْلِيمُ signifies also [The assenting, or] the giving [one's] approval (S, K, TA) unreservedly, (S,) to that which is ordained, or decreed, (S, K, TA,) by God; and the submitting to his commands; and the abstaining from offering opposition in the case in which it is not becoming [to do so]. (TA.) You say, سلّم لِأَمْرِ اللّٰهِ He assented to the command of God: [or he gave his approval to it:] or he submitted to it; as also ↓ اسلم. (MA.) 3 سالمهُ, (M, Msb,) inf. n. مُسَالَمَةٌ (S, M, Msb) and سِلَامٌ, (M, Msb,) He made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, with him; or he reconciled himself with him: [implying mutual concession, or a compromise:] (S, * M, Msb:) and سَالَمَا They made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, or they reconciled themselves, each with the other. (K.) 4 أَسْلَمَ see 2, in nine places. [The first of the meanings there assigned to this verb is, in my opinion, more than doubtful. In all its senses, it seems to be properly trans.: when it is used as an intrans. verb, an objective complement is app. understood. Thus,] أَسْلَمَ is syn. with أَسْلَفَ [as meaning He paid in advance, or beforehand]; (S, M, Mgh, Msb;) الثَّمَنَ [the price] being suppressed, though sometimes it is expressed; (Mgh;) as also ↓ سلّم; (M;) and ↓ تسلّم, as occurring in a trad., where it is said, مَنْ تَسَلَّمَ فِى شَىْءٍ فَلَا يَصْرِفُهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ [Whoso pays in advance for a thing, he shall not turn it over, or transfer it, to another than him]; but KT says that he had not heard this verb thus used except in this instance. (TA.) So the first of these verbs signifies in the saying, اسلم فِى الطَّعَامِ (S) or فى البُرِّ (Mgh) [He paid in advance for the wheat], and فى الشَّىْءِ [for the thing], as also ↓ سلّم. (M.) and hence the saying, إِذَا أَسْلَمَ صُوفًا فِى لِبْدٍ أَوْ شَعَرًا فِى

مِسْحٍ لَمْ يَجُزْ [If he give in advance wool for felt, or goats' hair for a garment, or piece, of haircloth, it will not be allowable]. (Mgh.) And so in the phrase, أَسْلَمْتُ إِلَيْهِ [I paid in advance to him]. (Msb.) b2: Also [He resigned, or submitted, himself; نَفْسَهُ being understood: or] he was, or became, resigned, or submissive; (M, K;) and so ↓ استسلم: (S, M, Msb, K:) you say, اسلم لِلّٰهِ [He resigned, or submitted, himself, or he was, or became, resigned, or submissive, to God: see also an ex. (before referred to) in the last sentence of the second paragraph: or he was, or became, sincere in his religion, or without hypocrisy, towards God: see مُسْلِمٌ]: (Msb:) [or]

اسلم signifies he entered into السِّلْم, (S, Msb,) which here means الاِسْتِسْلَام [i. e. the state of resignation, or submission]. (S.) b3: And He became a Muslim; as also ↓ تسلّم; (M, * K;) as in the saying, كَانَ كَافِرًا ثُمَّ تَسَلَّمَ, i. e. أَسْلَمَ [He was an unbeliever, or a denier of the unity of God, &c.; then he became a Muslim]: (M:) or he entered [the pale, or communion, of] the religion of الإِسْلَام. (S, * Msb.) الإِسْلَامُ as a principle of the law of God is The manifesting of humility or submission, and outward conforming with the law of God, and the taking upon oneself to do or to say as the Prophet has done or said: for this, the blood is to be spared, and one may demand the repelling of evil: (T, * M:) and if there is therewith firm belief with the heart, it is إِيمَانٌ: (T:) this is the doctrine of Esh-Sháfi'ee; but the doctrine of Aboo-Haneefeh makes no difference between these two terms: (KT:) [agreeably with the former doctrine,] Th well and briefly says, الاسلام is with the tongue, and الايمان is with the heart: and he says, in explaining verse 48 of ch. v. of the Kur, that every prophet has been sent with الاسلام, though the ordinances differ. (M.) b4: One says also, أَسْلَمْتُ عَنْهُ, meaning I left it [app. an affair, as in an explanation in the TK,] after I had been [engaged] in it. (Ibn-Buzurj, K.) And اسلم occurs intransitively in the saying, كَانَ رَاعِىَ غَنَمٍ ثُمَّ

أَسْلَمَ, meaning [He was a pastor of sheep, or goats; then] he left them. (M.) b5: [Freytag assigns to اسلم another signification “ Adscendere fecit (vid. a سُلَّم),” as from the Ham, p. 39: but this is app. a mistake, into which he has been led by a saying, there cited, of Zuheyr, which I read thus: هَوِىَّ الدَّلْوِ أَسْلَمَهَا الرِّشَآءُ (meaning, The descent, or as the descent, of the bucket that the well-rope has let go): and by its being there said that “ you should not prefer any reading of هوى to that with damm, though it has been said otherwise: ” whereas the correct reading is, in my opinion, هَوِىّ, agreeably with what here follows:] Er-Riyáshee says, on the authority of Az, that الهَوِىُّ, with fet-h, is downwards; and with damm, upwards; and he cites the saying above as an ex. of the word as meaning downwards. (TA in art. هوى.) 5 تسلّم مِنْهُ He asserted, or declared, himself to be free from, or clear of, or quit of, it, or him. (M.) b2: تسلّم is also syn. with أُسْلَمَ, in two senses: see the latter, in two places.

A2: and تسلّمهُ signifies He took it, or received it; namely, a thing given, or delivered. (S, M, Msb, K.) 6 تسالموا, (M,) and تسالما, (K,) inf. n. تَسَالُمٌ, (S,) They, (M,) or they two, (K,) made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, (S, * M, K,) one with another, (S, M,) or each with the other. (S, K.) [See also 8.] b2: One says of a man, (M,) of a great, or frequent, liar, (TA,) لَا تَسَالَمُ خَيْلَاهُ, [for تَتَسَالَمُ,] (M,) or لَا يَتَسَالَمُ خَيْلَاهُ, (K, TA,) [(assumed tropical:) His two troops of horses will not agree in pace, each with the other;] meaning (tropical:) [his assertions will not be found to agree together; or] he will not say what is true, so that it may be accepted from him: for تَسَالَمَتْ, said of horses, means (assumed tropical:) they kept pace, one with another; (تَسَايَرَتْ [q. v.];) not exciting one another. (M, K, TA.) 8 استلم He became at peace, or reconciled. (TA.) Hence the saying, (TA,) هُوَ لَا يَسْتَلَمُ عَلَى

سَخَطِهِ He will not become at peace, or reconciled, during his displeasure at a thing. (K, TA.) [See also 6.] b2: استلم الزَّرْعُ The seed-produce put forth its ears. (K.) A2: استلم الحَجَرَ He touched, (S, K,) or reached, (Mgh,) the stone, [meaning the Black Stone of the Kaabeh,] by kissing, or with the hand: (S, Mgh, K:) or he wiped it, or stroked it, with the hand: (Mgh:) or he kissed the stone: or he embraced it: (M:) and اِسْتَلْأَمَهُ signifies the same; (M, K;) but is not the original: (M:) accord. to ISk, the Arabs pronounced it with hemz, contr. to analogy; (Msb;) or it should not be pronounced with hemz, though some thus pronounce it, (S,) the original being استلم, (ISk, Msb,) because it is from سِلَامٌ [pl. of سَلِمَةٌ] signifying “ stones,” (ISk, S, * M, Msb, * [in the Mgh, from سَلِمَةٌ signifying “ a stone,” and in the Msb the pl. of سَلِمَةٌ is said to be سَلَامٌ, like كَلَامٌ,]) accord. to Sb, who says that it does not denote the act of taking; (M;) or, accord. to Sb, it is from السَّلَامُ, with fet-h, meaning “ salutation,” and it means the touching with the hand by way of salutation in order to obtain a blessing thereby: (TA:) but accord. to IAar, the original is with hemz, from المُلَآءَمَةُ, meaning الاِجْتِمَاعُ [“ the coming together,” &c., because denoting contact]. (Msb.) Abu-t-Tufeyl is related to have said, رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَطُوفُ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ يَسْتَلِمُ بِمِحْجَنِهِ وَيُقَبِّلُ المِحْجَنَ [i. e. I saw the Apostle of God (may God bless and save him) circuiting around the Kaabeh, upon his camel, touching the Black Stone with his hooked staff, and kissing the hooked staff]. (TA.) The primary signification of الاِسْتِلَامُ is [said to be] The wiping, or stroking, the سَلِمَة, i. e. the stone: afterwards it was used in relation to other things, and one said اِسْتَلَمْتُ يَدَهَا, meaning I stroked, or kissed, her hand. (Har pp. 30 and 31.) b2: استلم الخُفُّ قَدَمَيْهِ means The boot rendered his feet soft [after he had been accustomed to walking barefoot]. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَسْلَمَ see 4, in the former half of the paragraph.

A2: استسلم ثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ He went upon the middle of the road, not missing it. (K, * TA. [In the CK, after واسْتَسْلَمَ انقادَ, for وثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ, meaning واستسلم ثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ, is erroneously put وتَسَلَّمَ الطَّرِيقَ, assigning to تسلّم a meaning belonging to استسلم.]) Q. Q. 2 تَمَسْلَمَ [from مُسْلِمٌ] He named, or called, himself a Muslim; or he named himself Muslim; his name having before been Mohammad: (M, K:) mentioned by Er-Ru-ásee. (M.) سَلْمٌ: see the next paragraph, in six places.

A2: Also A leathern bucket (دَلْوٌ) having one عُرْوَة [or loop-shaped handle], (T, S, M, K,) with which the waterer walks, like the buckets (دِلَآء) of the attendants of the camels or other beasts upon which water is drawn or which carry water, (T, TA,) or like the دَلْو of the water-carriers: (S, K:) expl. in the S as above as on the authority of AA; but IB says that the correct explanation is, having one عَرْقُوَة [or stick fixed across from one part of the brim to the to the opposite part, serving as a handle as well as to keep it from collapsing]: (TA:) of the masc. gender [whereas دَلْوٌ is fem.]: (M:) pl. [of pauc.] أَسْلُمٌ and [of mult.] سِلَامٌ, (M, K,) and Lh mentions as its pl. أَسَالِمُ, which is extr. [unless as a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of أَسْلُمٌ]. (M.) سِلْمٌ Peace, or reconciliation; as also ↓ سَلْمٌ; (S, M, Msb, K;) masc. and fem.; (S, Msb, K; *) and ↓ سَلَمٌ and ↓ سَلَامٌ are like سِلْمٌ [in signification]: (M: [the context there shows that the signification mentioned above is what is meant in this instance:]) or سِلْمٌ signifies the making peace, or becoming at peace or reconciled, with another or others; (Ham p. 80;) as also ↓ سَلْمٌ; and both are sometimes fem. as being syn. with مُصَالَحَةٌ. (L voce جَنَحَ, q. v.) In the saying of El-Aashà, أَذَاقَتْهُمُ الحَرْبُ أَنْفَاسَهَا

↓ وَقَدْ تُكْرَهُ الحَرْبُ بَعْدَ السِّلِمْ [War made them, or has made them, to taste its draughts, and verily war is disliked after peace], he has transferred the vowel of the م to the ل, in pausing; or it may be that he has inserted a kesreh in imitation of the preceding kesreh: it is not an instance like إِبِل, in the opinion of Sb; for in his opinion the latter is the only instance of its kind. (M.) It is said in a trad., respecting El-Hodeybiyeh, أَخَذَ ثَمَانِينَ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ سِلْمًا, or ↓ سَلْمًا, or ↓ سَلَمًا, accord. to different relations, meaning [He took forty of the people of Mekkeh] peaceably: thus expl. by El-Homeydee, in his “ Ghareeb. ” (TA. [See also سَلَمٌ below.]) b2: Also i. q. ↓ سَلَامٌ, (S, K, TA,) as signifying Selfresignation, or submission; (TA; [and thus the latter is expl. in one place in the S;]) which is also a signification of ↓ سَلَمٌ: (S, M, K, TA:) and this is meant in the Kur [iv. 96], where it is said, لَسْتَ مُؤْمِنًا ↓ وَلَا تَقُولُوا لِمَنْ أَلْقَى إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامَ, (Bd, TA,) or ↓ السَّلَمَ, as some read, (Bd,) [i. e. and say not ye to him who offers to you submission, Thou art not a believer:] or ↓ السَّلَامَ here means the salutation of الإِسْلَام [by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ]: (Bd, TA: *) or salutation, and submission by uttering the profession of الإِسْلَام; and so ↓ السَّلَمَ: (Jel:) [or the latter here means, simply, salutation; and this is app. what is meant by its being said that] السَّلَمُ is the subst. from التَّسْلِيمُ; (K;) [but accord. to SM,] this means the unreserved approval of what is decreed; and this is said to be meant by the reading السَّلَمَ mentioned above. (TA.) b3: And [hence] السِّلْمُ signifies also الإِسْلَامُ [as meaning The religion of the Muslims; because it is a religion of self-resignation, or submission]: (S, K:) this is meant in the Kur [ii. 204], where it is said, اُدْخُلُوا فِى السِّلْمِ كَافَّةً

[Enter ye into the religion of El-Islám wholly]; (S, Bd, Jel;) and so ↓ السَّلْمِ, as some there read; (Bd, Jel;) or both there mean submission and obedience to God: (Bd:) [and] ↓ السَّلَمُ [also] has the former meaning. (M.) A2: Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ سَلْمٌ, (M,) A man, (S, K, TA,) [and] a woman, (M,) who makes peace, or is at peace, with another; (S, M, K;) and in like manner, a company of men (قَوْمٌ). (M.) This is said to be meant in the Kur [xxxix. 30], where it is said, وَرَجْلًا سِلْمًا لِرَجُلٍ, as some read, i. e. And a man who is at peace with respect to a man: (TA:) or سِلْمًا and ↓ سَلْمًا and ↓ سَلَمًا, three different readings, in the place of [the more common reading]

سَالِمًا, are all inf. ns. of سَلِمَ, used as epithets [syn. with سَالِمًا], or ذَا is suppressed before them. (Bd.) You say, أَنَا سِلْمٌ لِمَنْ سَالَمَنِى [I am one who is at peace with respect to him who is at peace with me]. (S, TA.) And a poet says, [using this word in two different senses, the latter of which has been mentioned above,] لِأَهْلِكِ فَاقْبَلِى سِلْمِى أَنَائِلُ إِنَّنِى سِلْمٌ [O Náïleh, (نَائِلُ being for نَائِلَةٌ, a woman's name, apocopated,) verily I am one who is at peace with respect to thy family, therefore accept thou my submission]. (TA. [It seems to be there indicated by the context that سلمى here means my peace, or reconciliation; which is less appropriate than the meaning that I have assigned to it.]) سَلَمٌ: see سَلَامٌ: and see also سِلْمٌ, in seven places. b2: Also, in buying or selling, (Msb,) the subst. from أَسْلَمَ فِى الشَّىْءِ and سَلَّمَ signifying

أَسْلَفَ, (M,) i. q. سَلَفٌ; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. Any money, or property, paid in advance, or beforehand, as the price of a commodity for which the seller has become responsible and which one has bought on description: (T and TA in art. سلف:) or payment for a commodity to be delivered at a certain [future] period with something additional to [the equivalent of] the current price at the time of such payment; this [transaction] being a cause of profit to him who makes such payment: (TA in that art.:) or a sort of sale in which the price is paid in advance, and the commodity is withheld, on the condition of description, to a certain [future] period: (S and O in that art., in explanation of سَلَفٌ:) but it is said in a trad. that the term سَلَمٌ as meaning سَلَفٌ was disliked; app. because the former is applied to obedience, and self-resignation, or submission, to God. (TA.) A2: And The making [one] captive. (K. [See 1, in the latter part of the paragraph.]) A3: And A captive; (K;) because he submits himself. (TA.) One says, أَخَذَهُ سَلَمًا, (M, TA, [in the TK بِالسَّلَمِ,]) He took him [a captive], (TA,) or made him captive, (M,) without war: (M, TA:) or he brought him in a state of submission, not resisting; and so, if wounded: (IAar, M, TA:) and thus El-Khattábee has expl. the phrase in the trad. respecting El-Hodeybiyeh cited above, voce سِلْمٌ. (TA.) A4: Also A sort of tree, (S, M, Msb, K,) [the mimosa flava of Forskål, who writes its Arabic name in Italic characters syllæm, and in Arabic characters سليم, (Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. cxxiii.,)] a species (M) of the [kind of thorny trees called] عِضَاه, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, TA, [not غَضَاة, as in the Lexicons of Golius and Freytag,]) the leaves whereof are the قَرَظ, with which skin is tanned: (TA:) AHn says, its branches are long, like rods; and it has no wood such as is used in carpentry, even if it grows large: it has slender, long thorns, grievous when they wound the foot of a man; and a yellow [fruit such as is termed] بَرَمَة [n. un. of بَرَمٌ, see this word, and see also حُبْلَةٌ,] which is the sweetest of the بَرَم in odour; and they tan with its leaves: and it is said, on the authority of the Arabs of the desert, that it has a yellow flower, containing a green grain (حَبَّة خَضْرَآء [or this may mean a grain of a dark, or an ashy, dustcolour]), of sweet odour, in which is somewhat of bitterness, and of which the gazelles are very fond: (M:) the n. un. is with ة: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) and pl. أَسْلَامٌ, (M,) and سِلَامٌ is said by IB to be pl. of the n. un., like as إِكَامٌ is of أَكَمَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence,] ذَاتُ أَسْلَامٍ A land (أَرْض) that gives growth to the [trees called] سَلَم. (K.) See also سلَمَان.

سَلِمٌ Stones; (S, M;) as also ↓ سِلَامٌ: (M:) and ↓ سَلِمَةٌ [as n. un. of the former and sing. of the latter, (incorrectly written by Freytag, in one place, سَلَمَةٌ, and incorrectly said by him to be of the dial. of the people of Himyer,)] signifies a stone: (S, M, Mgh, Msb:) [or] the pl. [or quasipl. n.] of سَلِمَةٌ in this sense is ↓ سَلَامٌ, like كَلَامٌ in measure: (Msb:) or ↓ سَلِمَةٌ signifies stones; (K;) or hard stones; (TA;) and ↓ سِلَامٌ is its pl.: (K:) [said to be] so called because of their freedom (سلَامَة) from softness: (TA:) or this last signifies stones, the small thereof and the large; and they assign to it no sing.: (ISh, TA:) or سلام [probably meaning ↓ سَلَامٌ] is a quasi-pl. n.: (Aboo-Kheyreh, TA:) and it is also said to be a name for any broad stone. (TA.) See also سَلَمَان. A poet says, (namely, Bujeyr Ibn-'Anameh, IB, TA,) يَرْمِى وَرَائِى بِامْسَهْكِ وَامْسَهْمِ وَامْسَلِمَهْ [He casts from behind me (i. e. defends me) with the arrow and the stone]: this [usage of ام for ال] is of the dial. of [Teiyi and] Himyer. (S, TA.) السِّلِمْ for السِّلْمْ: see سِلْمٌ, second sentence.

سَلِمَةٌ: see سَلِمٌ, in two places: and سَلَمَان.

A2: Also A woman soft, or tender, in the أَطْرَاف [or fingers, or other extremities]. (K.) b2: And An old and weak she-camel. (IAar, TA in art. سد.) سَلْمَى A certain plant (K, TA) which becomes green in the [season called] صَيْف [app. here meaning spring]. (TA.) b2: أَبُو سَلْمَى The [species of lizard called] وَزَغ: (K:) or, some say, [as is said in the M,] ↓ أَبُو سَلْمَانَ. (TA.) b3: See also the next paragraph. b4: [In the CK, by a mistranscription, a meaning belonging to سُلَامَى is assigned to سَلْمَى.]

السَّلْمَآء, accord. to Aboo-Mis-hal, as meaning The earth, occurs in the prov., أَنْفٌ قِى المَآءِ وَاسْتٌ فِى السَّلْمَآءِ [A nose in the water and a rump on the earth]: and if this be correct, it may be derived from سلام [i. e. سِلَامٌ] meaning “ stones: ” and it may be originally ↓ السَّلْمَى, and lengthened for the sake of the rhyme. (Ham p. 214.) [But the reading commonly known is, أَنْفٌ فِى السَّلْمَآءِ وَاسْتٌ فِى المَآءِ.]

هُوَ سَلْمَانُ بَيْتِهِ He is the special, or particular, friend of his [another's] house; one who mixes with him much: from the saying of the Prophet, سَلْمَانُ مِنَّا أَهْلِ البَيْتِ [Selmán is of us, the people of the house]; referring to Selmán El-Fárisee. (Har p. 472.) b2: أَبُو سَلْمَانَ: see سَلْمَى. b3: Also A species of the [black beetles called] جِعْلَان [pl. of جُعَلٌ, q. v.]: (M:) or i. q. جُعَلٌ, (IAar, K,) or أَبُو جَعْرَان, with fet-h [app. a mistake for kesr] to the ج: (Kr, TA:) or the largest of the جِعْلَان: or a certain insect like the جُعَل, having a pair of wings: (TA:) or the male of the [black beetles called] خَنَافِس [pl. of خُنْفَسَآءُ, q. v.]. (IAar, TA in art. فرض.) سَلَمَان or سَلِمَان, accord. to different readings, occurs in a trad. of Ibn-'Omar, in which it is said, كَانَ يُصَلِّى عِنْدَ سَلَمَانٍ فِى طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ [He used to pray at certain selem-trees, or certain stones, in the road of Mekkeh]: each may be a pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.]; the former, of ↓ سَلَمَةٌ, the “ tree so called; ” the latter, of ↓ سَلِمَةٌ, “ stones ” [or a “ stone: ” but both of these explanations are strange]. (TA.) سَلَامٌ, (S, K, TA,) in its primary acceptation, (TA,) is syn. with ↓ سَلَامَةٌ, (S, K, TA,) as is also ↓ سَلَمٌ, (S, [so in one of my copies, but omitted in the other copy,]) and signifies Safety, security, immunity, or freedom, from faults, defects, imperfections, blemishes, or vices, (S, * [mentioned in one only of my two copies, and there as relating peculiarly to the third word,] K, [in which it ostensibly relates peculiarly to the first word, but in the CK, by the omission of a و before it, it is made to relate only to the second word,] and TA, [accord. to which it relates to the first and second words, as it is well known to do,]) and from evils of any kind: (TA:) or [simply] safety, security, immunity, or freedom; as also ↓ سَلَامَةٌ: (Sb, M:) IKt says that these two words may be dial. vars. [syn. each with the other]; or the former may be pl. of the latter [or rather a coll. gen. n. of which the latter is the n. un.]: (M, TA:) and Suh says, in the R, that most of the lexicologists hold them to have one [and the same] meaning: but that if they considered the language of the Arabs, and the distinction, or limitation, denoted by the ة, they would see that between them is a great difference [inasmuch as the former has a large range of meaning which the latter has not, as will be seen from what follows]. (TA.) سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ is an announcement of the continuance of سَلَامَة [or safety, &c.]: (Bd in xiii. 24:) [it may therefore be rendered Safety, &c., be, or light and abide, on you; or, generally, peace be, or light and abide, on you; for] it means nothing disliked, or evil, shall befall you henceforth: (Bd in xvi. 34:) and سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ [may be rendered in like manner; for it virtually] means I will not do to thee anything that is disliked, or evil; (Bd and Jel in xix. 48;) nor say to thee henceforward what would annoy thee, or be disagreeable, or evil, to thee. (Bd ibid.) It may also be [rendered May safety, &c., or peace, be, or light and abide, on you; as] a prayer for سَلَامَة, to those to whom it is addressed, from the state in which they are at the time. (Bd in xxviii. 55.) [It is generally held that this salutation may not be used by, nor to, any but a Muslim.] In the beginning of an epistle, the approved practice is to write سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ, without the article ال; and in repeating it, at the end, to write it with that article. (Durrat el-Ghowwás, in De Sacy's Anthol. Gramm. Arabe, p. 72 of the Arabic text. [In the latter case, the general practice in the present day is to write simply وَالسَّلَام, suppressing عَلَيْكَ.]) In saluting the dead, one puts عَلَيْكَ first, saying, عَلَيْكَ سَلَامُ اللّٰهِ. (Ham p. 367.) You also say, مَا كَانَ كَذَا وَكَذَا ↓ لَا بِسَلَامَتِكَ [No, by thy safety, such and such things were not]. (S.) السُّلَامُ is also a name of God, (S, M, Msb, K,) [applied to Him in the Kur lix. 23, accord. to some for ذُو السَّلَامِ, i. e. ذُو السَّلَامَةِ,] because of his safety, or freedom, from defect, and imperfection, and cessation of existence; (IKt, M, TA;) or from variations, and as being the everlasting, who brings the creation to nought and will not come to nought; or, accord. to Suh in the R, He is so named [as being the Author of Safety, Security, &c.; i. e.] because He has rendered all his creatures safe, or free, from defectiveness, or unsoundness, and mankind and the jinn, or genii, from the betiding of injustice, or wrong, to them, from Him; and the expositors who assert that He is thus named because of his safety, or freedom, from imperfections, and evils of any kind, utter an unseemly saying, making سَلَامٌ to be syn. with ↓ سَالِمٌ, which latter applies only to him who is liable to evil of any kind, and who expects it, and then becomes safe, or free, from it. (TA.) دَارُ السَّلَامِ is an appellation of Paradise, (M, K,) [applied thereto in the Kur vi. 127 and x. 26,] as being the abode of everlasting safety, or security; (Zj, M, TA;) the abode of safety, or security, from evils of any kind, from death and decrepitude and diseases [&c.]: (TA:) or as being the abode of God. (M, TA.) b2: See also سِلْمٌ, in four places. b3: [As is there stated,] it signifies also Salutation, or greeting; (M, TA;) particularly the salutation of الإِسْلَام [by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ or سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ, expl. above]; (Bd in iv. 96;) a subst. (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) from سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ, (Msb,) [i. e.] from التُّسْلِيمُ, (S, Mgh, TA,) like كَلَامٌ from التَّكْلِيمُ. (Mgh. [See 2, third sentence.]) b4: In the saying in the Kur [xxv. 64], وَإِذَا خَاطَبَهُمُ الْجَاهِلُونَ قَالُوا سَلَامًا [And when the ignorant speak to them, they say, سَلَامًا], this last word signifies تَسَلُّمًا, (Sb, M,) or تَسَلُّمًا مِنْكُمْ [ for نَتَسَلَّمُ مِنْكُمْ تَسَلُّمًا We declare ourselves to be clear, or quit, of you], and مُتَارَكَهً لَلُمْ [ for نُتَارِكُكُمْ مُتَارَكَةً we relinquish you], (Bd,) [and means] there shall be neither good nor evil between us (Sb, M, Bd) and you: it is not the سلام that is used in salutation; for the verse was revealed at Mekkeh, and the Muslims had not then been commanded to salute the believers in a plurality of gods: (Sb, M:) [in iv. 88 of the Kur, which was promulgated afterwards, at ElMedeeneh, is a general command to return a salutation with a better or with the same; but the Sunneh prescribes that the salutation of سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ or سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ when addressed to a Muslim by one not a Muslim is to be returned only by saying وَعَلَيْكَ or وَعَلَيْكُمْ:] or the meaning in xxv. 64 is, they say a right saying, in which they are secure from harming and sinning. (Bd.) Sb asserts that Aboo-Rabee'ah used to say, إِذَا لَقِيتَ فُلَانًا فَقُلْ سَلَامًا, meaning تَسَلُّمًا [for أَتَسَلَّمُ مِنْكَ تَسَلُّمًا, i. e. When thou meetest such a one, say, I declare myself to be clear, or quit, of thee]: and he says that some of them said سَلَامٌ, meaning The case of me and thee is the [case of] being clear, or quit, each of the other; and the [case of] mutual relinquishing. (M.) [It is usual, in the present day, to say, اِفْعَلْ كَذَا وَالسَّلَام, meaning Do thou such a thing, and there will be an end of altercation between us.]

A2: See also سَلِيمٌ.

A3: Also A kind of trees; (S, M, Msb, K;) they assert that they are evergreen; nothing eats them; but the gazelles keep to them, and protect themselves by their shade, but do not hide among them; and they are not great trees, nor of the kind called عِضَاه: (AHn, M:) they are also called ↓ سِلَامٌ; (K;) or this is pl. of سَلَمَةٌ [n. un. of سَلَمٌ], which is of another kind; like as إِكَامٌ is pl. of أَكَمَةٌ: (IB, TA:) n. un. with ة. (S, M.) السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ was said to an Arab of the desert; and he replied, الجَثْجَاثُ عَلَيْكَ: and being asked, “ What is this reply? ” he answered, “They are two bitter trees: thou hast put upon me one, so I have put upon thee the other. ” (K.) A4: See also سَلِمٌ, in two places.

سِلَامٌ: see سَلِمٌ, in two places: A2: and the paragraph here next preceding, last sentence but two.

سَلِيمٌ i. q. ↓ سَالِمٌ, (S, M, K,) which means Safe, secure, or free, (Msb,) from evils of any kind; (K, Msb, TA;) applied to a man: (M:) pl. سُلَمَآءُ; (M, K, TA;) in some copies of the K سَلْمَى, like جَرْحَى pl. of جَرِيحٌ; (TA;) [but this is probably its pl. only when it is used in the sense of جَرِيحٌ or the like, as seems to be the case from what follows.] Also, (M,) applied to a heart: (S, M:) بِقَلْبٍ سَلِيمٍ, in the Kur xxvi. 89, means With a heart free from unbelief: (M, TA:) or, divested of corruptness, or unsoundness: (Er-Rághib, TA:) in the Kur xxxvii. 82, some say that it means with a grieving, or sorrowful, heart; from سَلِيمٌ in the sense here next following. (Bd.) b2: Also i. q. لَدِيغٌ [meaning Bitten by a serpent]; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ سَلَامٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَسْلُومٌ: (K:) app., (S,) as implying a good omen, of safety; (S, M;) or because the person is left (مُسْلَمٌ) to that [bane] which is in him: (IAar, S, * M:) and sometimes it is metaphorically used as meaning (tropical:) wounded: (M:) or it means wounded, at the point of death, (M, K,) as some say: (M:) pl. سَلْمَى. (M, and Ham p. 214.) A2: Also, (M, K,) of a horse, (M,) The part, of the hoof, that is between the أَشْعَر [or hair, or extremity of the skin, next the hoof], (M, TA,) or that is between the أَمْعَر [q. v.], (K,) but the former is the right, (TA,) and the interior of the hoof. (M, K, TA.) سَلَامَةٌ [the most usual inf. n. of سَلِمَ]: see سَلَامٌ, in three places.

A2: Also n. un. of سَلَامٌ applied to a kind of trees [described above]. (S, K.) سُلَامَى, a noun of the fem. gender, (Msb,) A certain bone that is in the فِرْسِن [q. v., here meaning foot] of the camel: (S, K:) this is said by A'Obeyd to be the primary signification: (S:) or the سُلَامَى of the camel are the bones of the فُرْسِن [or foot]: (M:) [for] سُلَامَى is used alike as sing. and pl., and sometimes it has also a pl., (S,) which is سُلَامَيَاتٌ: (S, M, K:) or it is a pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.], of which the sing. [or n. un.] is سُلَامَيَةٌ, signifying the أَنْمَلَة [q. v.] of [any of] the fingers: (IAth, TA:) [but this is a strange explanation:] it is said that the last parts in which مُخّ [here meaning marrow or pulp and the like] remains in a camel when he has become emaciated are the سُلَامَى and eye; and when it has gone from these, he has none remaining: (S:) the pl. سُلَامَيَاتٌ, (S, TA,) or سُلَامَى, (M, Msb,) also signifies the bones of the أَصَابِع, (S, M,) so says Kh, and Zj adds that they are also called the قَصَب, (Msb,) of the hand and of the foot; (M;) [i. e., of the fingers and of the toes; and this seems to be the most common meaning, in relation to a human being; namely, the phalanges of the fingers and of the toes;] that are between every two joints [and what are beyond the extreme joints] of the أَصَابِع: accord. to Lth, the سلامى are the bones of the أَصَابِع [or fingers and toes] and the أَشَاجِع and the أَكَارِع, and are hard and compact bones like كِعَاب [pl. of كَعْبٌ]: (TA: [see the words that I have here left untranslated, for the senses in which they are here used are doubtful:]) accord. to IAar, (M,) certain small bones, of the length of the إِصْبَع [or finger], (M, K,) or nearly so, (M,) or less, (K,) of which there are four, or three, (M,) [or app., five, for the meaning here seems to be the metacarpal and metatarsal bones, to which the terms سُلَامَى and سُلَامَيَاتٌ are sometimes applied, (see أَشْجَعُ and مُشْظٌ,)] in the hand and in the foot, (K,) [i. e.] in each hand and foot: (M:) Ktr says that the سلاميات are the عُرُوق [app. a mistake for عِظَام i. e. bones] of the outer side of the hand and foot: (Msb:) سلامى is also said to signify any small hollow bone: and any bone of a human being: and ISh says that in every horse are six سلاميات [app. in the fore legs and the same in the hind legs; for he seems to mean that the term سلامى is applied to each of the pasternbones and to the coffin-bone; these three corresponding to the phalanges of a human being: see فَصٌّ]: (TA:) it is not allowable to write سلامى otherwise than with what is termed the short alif. (MF, TA.) A2: سُلَامَى, (M, K,) like سُكَّارَى, (K, TA, [in the CK like سَكْرٰى, which is shown to be wrong by a verse cited in the M and TA,]) signifies also The [south, or southerly, wind called] جَنُوب. (M, K.) سَلَامَانٌ A kind of tree, (S, M, K,) growing in soft, or plain, tracts: (M:) Az says, it is like the أَلَآء, which is a tree resembling the myrtle, which changes not in the midst of summer, and which has a produce resembling the head [or ear] of millet (ذُرَة), except that it is smaller than the الآء; tooth-sticks (مَسَاوِيك) are made from it; and its produce is like that of the الآء; and it grows in the sands and the deserts: (TA in art. الأ:) n. un. with ة. (M.) نَمْلُ سُلَيْمَانُ Red ants [lit. the ants of Solomon]. (TA voce أَحْوَى, in art. حو.) سُلَّمٌ A ladder, or a series of stairs or steps, syn. مِرْقَاةٌ, (M, K,) and دَرَجَةٌ, (M,) or مِعْرَاجٌ, (Msb,) upon which one ascends; (S, Mgh;) either of wood or of clay [&c.]: (Mgh:) said by Zj to be so called because it delivers thee (يُسَلِّمُكَ) to the place to which thou desirest to go, (Mgh, TA,) i. e., to some high place, and thou hopest for safety (السَّلَامَة) by means of it: (Er-Rághib, TA:) masc. and fem.; (Lth, M, Mgh;) [app., accord. to Lth and F, generally fem.; for] accord. to Lth, one says, هِىَ السُّلَّمُ and هُوَ السُّلَّمُ; (Mgh;) [and F says,] it is sometimes made masc.: (K:) pl. سَلَالِيمُ (S, Mgh, K) and سَلَالِمُ, (K,) [which latter is the original, for] the ى in سَلَالِيمُ is added by poetic license. (M, TA.) [Hence,] السُّلَّمُ (assumed tropical:) Certain stars, below [those called] العَانَةُ, on the right of them; (K;) as being likened to the سُلَّم [above-mentioned]. (TA.) b2: And The غَرْز [or stirrup of the camel's saddle] (S, K) is sometimes thus called [as being a means of mounting]. (S.) b3: And (tropical:) A means to a thing; (K, TA;) because it leads to another thing like as does the سُلَّم upon which one ascends. (TA.) b4: And السُّلَّمُ is the name of The horse of Zebbán (in the CK Zeiyán) Ibn-Seiyár. (K.) سَالِمٌ: see سَلِيمٌ; and see سَلَامٌ, near the middle of the paragraph. [See also an ex. voce شَاجِبٌ.]

b2: [Hence,] كَلِمَةٌ سَالِمَةُ العَيْنَيْنِ (tropical:) A good word or expression or sentence. (TA.) A2: The saying of J [in the S], (K,) in which he has followed his maternal uncle El-Fárábee, (TA,) that it signifies The portion of skin between the eye and the nose, is a mistake; (IB, K;) and his citation, as an authority, of the verse of 'AbdAllah Ibn-'Omar (K) in which he says, وَجِلْدَةُ بَيْنَ العَيْنِ وَالأَنْفِ سَالِمُ (TA,) is futile: (K:) for, as IB says, Sálim was the son of Ibn-'Omar, who, by reason of his love of him, thus makes him to be as the skin between his eyes and his nose: or, as MF says, the truth is, that the said verse is by Zuheyr, and Ibn-'Omar used it as a proverb: and [SM says], if this be correct, it strengthens the saying of J. (TA.) أَسْلَمُ [More, and most, safe or secure or free from evils of any kind]. You say, هٰذَا أَسْلَمُ مِنْ هٰذَا [This is more safe &c. than this]: and هٰذَا الأَسْلَمُ [This is the most safe &c.]; and هٰذِهِ السُّلْمَى. (Ham p. 214.) A2: And الاسلم [app. الأَسْلَمُ] signifies, like الطفى [i. e. الطَّفْىُ]; The leaves (خُوص) of the دَوْم [or Theban palm]. (Ibn-Beytár, app. from AHn, cited by De Sacy in his Chrest. Arabe, 2nd ed., iii. 480.) الإِسْلَامُ [inf. n. of 4, q. v. b2: It is the general term for The religion of Mohammad: differing from الإِيمَانُ, as shown above: see 4. b3: and hence, for أَهْلُ الإِسْلَامِ, or the like,] The Muslims, collectively. (M in art. بيض, &c.) إِسْلَامِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, الأِسْلَام as meaning the religion of Mohammad. b2: And particularly] A poet of the class next after the مُخَضْرَمُون and next before the مُوَلَّدُون. (Mz 49th نوع.) [See the Preface to the present work, p. ix.] The most celebrated of the poets of this class, it seems, were Jereer, El-Farezdak, El-Akhtal, and Dhu-rRummeh, who were contemporaries, and flourished in the first and second centuries of the Flight. (Mz ubi suprà, and Ibn-Khillikán in art. جَرِير.) b3: لَفْظٌ إِسْلَامِىٌّ A word, or phrase, introduced, or used in a new sense, on the occasion of the promulgation and establishment of the religion of الإِسْلَام, by means of the Kur-án &c. (Mz 20th نوع.) الأُسَيْلِمُ [The vena salvatella;] a certain vein (S, M, K) in the hand, (M,) between the little finger and the finger next to this: (S, K:) it occurs only [thus] in the dim. form. (M.) مُسْلِمٌ act. part. n. of 4 [q. v.]. (Msb.) وَاجْعَلْنَا مُسْلِمِينَ لَكَ, in the Kur ii. 122, means And make both of us self-resigned, or submissive, to Thee: (Bd, Jel:) or, sincere in religion, or without hypocrisy, towards Thee; syn. مُخْلِصَيْنِ: (M, Bd:) and therefore مسلمين is made trans. by means of ل. (M.) b2: [It commonly means One who holds, or professes, the religion of الإِسْلَام.] And one says, ↓ كَأَنَ كَافِرًا ثُمَّ هُوَاليَوْمَ مُسْلَمَةٌ [He was an unbeliever: then, to day, he has become a Muslim]. (M.) مَسْلَمَةٌ: see what next precedes.

المُسَلَّم is said to be used in the sense of ↓ المُسْتَلَم in the saying of El-'Ajjáj, بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالكَعْبَةِ المُسَلَّممِ [Between Es-Safà and the Kaabeh of which the Black Stone is touched with the hand, or kissed: see 8]. (M.) مَسْلُومٌ: see سَلِيمٌ. b2: b3: Also A hide, or skin, tanned with [قَرَظ, or leaves of] the سَلَم. (S, M.) أَرْضٌ مَسْلُومَآءُ A land abounding with the trees called سَلَم. (M, K.) b2: Suh says, on the authority of AHn, that مَسْلُومَآءُ is a name for A collection of سَلَم; like مَشْيُوخَآءُ applied to “ many elders, or men advanced in age. ” (TA.) المُسْتَلَم: see المُسَلَّم. b2: مُسْتَلَمُ القَدَمَيْنِ meansA man soft, or tender, in the feet. (TA.)

(س ل م) : (سَلِمَ) مِنْ الْآفَاتِ (وَمِنْهُ) قَوْلُهُ سَلِمَتْ لَهُ الضَّيْعَةُ أَيْ خَلَصَتْ وَبِمَصْدَرِهِ سُمِّيَتْ (سَلَّامَةُ) بِنْتُ مَعْقِلٍ أَمَةُ الْحُتَاتِ بِضَمِّ الْحَاءِ وَالتَّاءَيْنِ بِنُقْطَتَيْنِ مِنْ فَوْقَ وَقِيلَ بِالْبَاءَيْنِ بِنُقْطَةٍ وَالسَّارِقَةُ فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ (وَبِاسْمِ الْفَاعِلِ) مِنْهُ سُمِّيَ سَالِمُ ابْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ رَاوِي حَدِيثِ رَفْعِ الْيَدَيْنِ (وَبِفَعَّالِ الْمُبَالَغَةِ) سُمِّيَ وَالِدُ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ وَأَبِي نَصْرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ (وَبِفَعْلَانَ مِنْهُ) سُمِّيَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ وَسَلْمَانُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ الْبَاهِلِيُّ قَاضِي الْكُوفَةِ (وَسَلْمَانُ) أَيْضًا حَيٌّ مِنْ الْعَرَبِ إلَيْهِ يُنْسَبُ عُبَيْدَةُ السَّلْمَانِيُّ مِنْ التَّابِعِينَ وَالْمُحَدِّثُونَ عَلَى التَّحْرِيكِ وَأَنْكَرَهُ السِّيرَافِيُّ (وَأَمَّا سُلَيْمَانُ) فَأَعْجَمِيٌّ (وَالسَّلَمُ) بِفَتْحَتَيْنِ مِنْ الْعِضَاهِ (وَبِوَاحِدَتِهِ) سُمِّيَ سَلَمَةُ بْنُ صَخْرٍ الْبَيَاضِيُّ (وَكُنِّيَ) أَبُو سَلَمَةَ زَوْجُ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَبْلَ النَّبِيِّ - عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ - وَأَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ (وَقَوْلُهُ) السُّلَّمُ لَا يَدْخُلُ فِي الْبَيْعِ مِنْ غَيْرِ ذِكْرٍ سَوَاءٌ كَانَ مِنْ خَشَبٍ أَوْ مَدَرٍ يَعْنِي: الْمِعْرَاجَ وَهُوَ مَا يُعْرَجُ فِيهِ وَيُرْتَقَى عَلَيْهِ وَقَدْ يُؤَنَّثُ قَالَ اللَّيْثُ يُقَالُ هِيَ السُّلَّمُ وَهُوَ السُّلَّمُ وَالْجَمْع السَّلَالِيمُ قَالَ الزَّجَّاجُ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - سُمِّيَ بِهَذَا لِأَنَّهُ يُسَلِّمُك إلَى حَيْثُ تُرِيدُ (وَأَسْلَمَ الثَّوْبَ) إلَى الْخَيَّاطِ وَأَسْلَمَ فِي الْبُرِّ أَسْلَفَ مِنْ السَّلَمِ وَأَصْلُهُ أَسْلَمَ الثَّمَنَ فِيهِ فَحُذِفَ وَقَدْ جَاءَ عَلَى الْأَصْلِ (مِنْهُ) قَوْلُهُ إذَا أَسْلَمَ صُوفًا فِي لَبْدٍ أَوْ شَعْرًا فِي مِسْحٍ لَمْ يَجُزْ وَسَلَّمَ إلَيْهِ وَدِيعَتَهُ تَسْلِيمًا (وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ) لَا يَتِمُّ الرَّهْنُ حَتَّى يَقُولَ الرَّاهِنُ بَعْدَمَا خَرَجَ مَنْ الدَّارِ سَلَّمْتُكَهَا عَلَى حَذْفِ الْجَارِّ فَسَهْوٌ (وَالسَّلَامُ) اسْمٌ مِنْ التَّسْلِيمِ كَالْكَلَامِ مِنْ التَّكْلِيمِ (وَبِهِ) سُمِّيَ وَالِدُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ وَكَذَا سَلَامُ بْنُ مِشْكَمٍ عَنْ الْأَزْهَرِيِّ وَغَيْرِهِ وَهُوَ أَبُو زَيْنَبَ وَكَانَ مِنْ الْيَهُودِ وَيُنْشَدُ لِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ
سَقَانِي فَرَوَانِي كُمَيْتًا مُدَامَةً ... عَلَى ظَمَإٍ مِنِّي سَلَامُ بْنُ مِشْكَمِ
وَأَبُو نَصْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَامٍ وَاسْتَلَمَ الْحَجَرَ تَنَاوَلَهُ بِالْيَدِ أَوْ بِالْقُبْلَةِ أَوْ مَسَحَهُ بِالْكَفِّ مِنْ السَّلِمَةِ بِفَتْحِ السِّينِ وَكَسْرِ اللَّامِ وَهِيَ الْحَجَرُ (وَبِهَا سُمِّيَ) بَنُو سَلِمَةَ بَطْنٌ مِنْ الْأَنْصَارِ.

(سلم) - فيَ الحديث: "ما من آدمي إلا ومَعَه شيطان. قيل: ومَعَك؟
قال: نعم، ولكن الله تَعَالى أَعانَني عليه، فأَسْلَمُ"
وفي رواية: "حتَّى أَسْلَم".
: أي انْقادَ وكَفَّ عن وَسْوَسَتِى. وقيل: دَخَل في الإسْلام، فسَلِمتُ من شَرِّه.

سدر

1 سَدِرَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. سَدَرٌ and سَدَارَةٌ, (S, K,) He became dazzled by a thing at which he looked, so that he turned away his face from it: or became confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course: syn. تَحَيَّرَ: (K:) and he (a camel) became dazzled by a thing at which he looked, so that he turned away his face from it, by reason of intense heat: (S, * K:) also, (TA,) or سَدِرَ بَصَرُهُ, (M,) he [app. a man or any animal] was hardly able to see: (M, TA:) or سَدِرَ بَصَرُهُ he was dazzled, or confounded or perplexed, and did not see well; as also ↓ اِسْمَدَرَّ. (A, TA.) [See also سَدَرٌ, below.]

A2: سَدَرَ, (M, K,) or سَدَرَتْ, (S,) aor. ـُ inf. n. سَدْرٌ, (M,) He, or she, let down, let fall, or made to hang down, his, or her, hair; (S, M, K;) and in like manner, a curtain, or veil, (M,) and a garment; (Lh;) a dial. var. of سَدَلَ. (S, K. *) b2: Also سَدَرَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. سَدْرٌ and سُدُورٌ, He rent his garment. (Yaa-koob, M.) 4 اسدرتِ الشَّمْسُ عَيْنَهُ [The sun dazzled his eye, and confused his sight]. (K in art. جهر.) 5 تسدّر بِثَوْبِهِ He covered himself with his garment. (AA.) 7 انسدر It (hair, S, M, K, and a curtain or veil, M) hung down; (S, M, K;) a dial. var. of انسدل. (S, K. *) b2: انسدر يَعْدُو He was somewhat quick, or made some haste, running: (S, M: *) or he went down, or downwards, and persevered (A 'Obeyd, K) in his running, going quickly. (A 'Obeyd.) [In the CK, for يعدو, is put by mistake بَعُدَ.] Q. Q. 4 اِسْمَدَرَّ بَصَرُهُ His sight became weak, in the manner described below, voce سَمَادِيرُ. (S in art. سدر, and M and K in art. سمدر.) It is of the measure اِفْمَعَلَّ, from السَّدَرُ; (IKtt;) the م being augmentative. (S.) See also سَدِرَ. b2: اسمدرّت عَيْنُهُ His eye shed tears; accord. to Lh; but this is not known in the classical language. (M in art. سمدر.) سِدْرٌ [a coll. gen. n., The species of lote-tree called by Linnæus rhamnus spina Christi; and by Forskål, rhamnus nabeca;] the tree, or trees, of which the fruit is called نَبِق and نَبْق: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) sing., (Msb,) or [rather] n. un., (S, M, K,) سِدْرَةٌ: (S, M, Msb, K:) and sometimes سِدْرٌ is used as meaning the smallest or smaller of numbers [generally denoting from three to ten inclusively]: (Ibn-Es-Sarráj, Msb:) AHn says, accord. to Aboo-Ziyád, the سِدْر is of the kind called عِضَاه, and is of two species, عُبْرِىٌّ and ضَالٌ: the عبرى is that which has no thorns except such as do not hurt: the ضال has thorns [which hurt]: the سدر has a broad round leaf: and sometimes people alight and rest beneath a tree of this kind; but the ضال is small: the best نبق that is known in the land of the Arabs is in Hejer (هَجَر), in a single piece of land which is appropriated to the Sultán alone: it is the sweetest of all in taste and odour: the mouth of him who eats it, and the garments of him who has it upon him, diffuse an odour like that of perfume: (M, TA:) it is [also] said that the سدر is of two species; whereof one grows in the cultivated lands, and its leaves are used in the ablution termed غُسْل, and its fruit is sweet; and the other grows in the desert, and its leaves are not so used, and its fruit is juicy: the زُعْرُور is so described that it may be supposed to be the wild نبق: (Msb:) when سِدْرٌ is used absolutely, with relation to the ablution termed غُسْل, it means the ground leaves of the tree so called: (Mgh, * Msb:) the pl. of سِدْرَةٌ is سِدْرَاتٌ and سِدِرَاتٌ and سِدَرَاتٌ (S, K) and سِدَرٌ (S, M, K) and سُدُورٌ, (M, K,) which last is extr. (M.) b2: سِدْرَةُ المُنْتَهَى is said to be The lote-tree in the Seventh Heaven; (Lth, K; *) beyond which neither angel nor prophet passes, and which shades the water and Paradise: (Lth:) in the Saheeh it is said to be in the Sixth Heaven: 'Iyád reconciles the two assertions by the supposition that its root is in the Sixth, and that it rises over the Seventh: accord. to IAth, it is in the furthest part of Paradise to which, as its furthest limit, extends the knowledge of ancients and moderns. (MF, TA.) سَدَرٌ [see 1]. You say, فِى بَصَرِهِ سَدَرٌ, and ↓ سَمَادِيرُ, In his sight is a confusedness, so that he does not see well. (A.) b2: Some say that it signifies An affection resembling vertigo, common to a voyager upon the sea: or [simply] vertigo. (TA in art. بقل.) سَدِرٌ Having his eyes dazzled by a thing, so that he turns away his face from it: or in a state of confusion or perplexity, and unable to see his right course: syn. مُتَحَيِّرٌ: (K:) as also ↓ سَادِرٌ: (S, K:) and the former, a camel having his eyes dazzled by a thing, so that he turns away his face from it, by reason of intense heat: (S:) and also one having his eyes dazzled by snow; as well as by intense heat. (IAar.) b2: عَيْنُهُ سَدِرَةٌ His eye is confused in its vision, or dazzled, so that he cannot see well. (A.) b3: And سَدِرَةٌ means An old and weak she-camel. (IAar, TA in art. سد.) b4: Also سَدِرٌ The sea: (S, M, K:) one of the [proper] names thereof; (S;) occurring only in a poem of Umeiyeh Ibn-Abi-s-Salt: (M:) he says, فَكَأَنَّ بِرْقِعَ وَالمَلَائِكُ حَوْلَهُ سَدِرٌ تَوَاكَلُهُ القَوَائِمُ أَجْرَدُ [And as though the first heaven, with the angels around it, were the sea, the winds deserting it, and smooth]: (S, M, TA: [but in the M and TA, for حَوْلَهُ, we find حَوْلَهَا; and in the S, for أَجْرَدُ, we find أَجْرَبُ, which is inconsistent with the rhyme of the poem:]) by القوائم he means the winds; and by تواكله, [for تَتَوَاكَلُهُ,] تَرَكَتْهُ [or rather تَتْرُكُهُ]: he likens the sky to the sea when calm: (TA:) Th quotes thus: وَكَأَنَّ بِرْقِعَ وَالمَلَائِكُ تَحْتَهَا سَدِرٌ تَوَاكَلُهُ قَوَائِمُ أَرْبَعُ and says that the poet likens the angels, with respect to their fear of God, to a man affected with a vertigo [lit., turning round, though it would seem more appropriate had he said, the poet likens them to a camel so affected, whom his four legs failed: he prefaces this explanation with the words, سَدِرٌ يَدُورُ وَقَوَائِمُ أَرْبَعُ هُمُ المَلَائِكَةُ; to which he or ISd adds, لَا يَدْرِى كَيْفَ خَلْقُهُم: but (using a common phrase of ISd) I can only say, لَا أَدْرِى كَيْفَ هٰذَا; unless there be some omission in the transcription]: (M, TA:) Sgh says that the correct reading is سِدْرٌ, meaning the kind of tree so called, not the sea; and the author of the Námoos adopts his opinion; but MF rejects it: (TA:) some read رَقْعًا [in the place of برقع] and explain it as meaning the seventh heaven. (TA in art. رقع.) سِدْرِىٌّ One who grinds and sells the leaves of the سِدْر. (TA.) [See also سَدَّارٌ.]

سِدَارٌ A thing resembling a [curtain of the kind called] خِدْر: (K:) or resembling a كِلَّة, which is put across a [tent of the kind called] خِبَآء. (M.) سَدَّارٌ A seller of the leaves of the سِدْر. (TA.) [See also سِدْرِىٌّ.]

سَادِرٌ: see سَدِرٌ. b2: Also Losing his way: you say, إِنَّهُ سَادِرٌ فِى الغَىِّ Verily he is losing his way, in error. (A.) And أَتَى أَمْرَهُ سَادِرًا i. e. [He entered into, or did, his affair] in a wrong way. (Ham p. 432.) b3: A man without firmness, or deliberation. (M.) You say, تَكَلَّمَ سَادِرًا He spoke without deliberation. (A.) b4: A man who cares not for anything, nor minds what he does: (S, * M, K:) or one who occupies himself with vain or frivolous diversion. (TA.) سُمْدُورٌ A cloudiness of the eye; (K;) and weakness of sight: (TA:) and سَمَادِيرُ [originally pl. of the preceding, app.,] weakness of sight, (S, M, K,) or something appearing to a man by reason of weakness of his sight, (M, K,) on the occasion of, (S, M,) or [arising] from, (K,) intoxication (S, M, K) by drink &c., (M,) and from [or if the reading in the CK be correct this prep. should be omitted] the insensibility arising from drowsiness and vertigo. (S, K.) The م is augmentative. (S: but the word is mentioned in the M and K in art. سمدر.) See also سَدَرٌ.

A2: Also A king: because the eyes become weak, or dazzled, in consequence of looking at him. (K in art. سمدر.) الأَسْدَرَانِ The shoulder-joints, (S, M, A, K,) and the sides: (S, K:) or (so in the M, but accord. to the K “ and ”) two veins (M, K) in the eye, (M,) or in the two eyes: (K:) or beneath the temples. (M.) Hence the saying جَآءَ يَضْرِبُ

أَسْدَرَيْهِ He came beating (with his hands, TA) his shoulder-joints (S, A, K) and his sides; (S, K;) meaning, (tropical:) he came empty, (S, A, K,) having nothing in his hand, (S,) or having no occupation, (M,) and without having accomplished the object of his desire: (S, K:) and in like manner, أَصْدَرَيْهِ: (S:) and جَآءَ يَنْفُضُ أَسْدَرَيْهِ, (Az,) and أَصْدَرَيْهِ, (TA,) and أَزْدَرَيْهِ, (ISk,) he came shaking his shoulder-joints: (Az:) or his sides: meaning as above. (TA.) مَسْدُورٌ Hair [let down, or made to hang down, or] hanging down; like مَسْدُولٌ. (TA.) مُسْمَدِرٌّ A dazzled eye. (TA in art. سمدر.) A2: A long and direct road. (K ibid.) b2: And hence, (TA ibid.,) (assumed tropical:) Right speech or language. (K and TA ibid.)

سدر
: (السِّدْر، بالكَسْر: (شَجَرُ النَّبِقِ) ، الوَاحِدَةُ بِهَاءٍ، قَالَ أَبو حَنِيفَة: قَالَ ابنُ زِياد: السِّدْرُ من العِضَاهِ، وَهُوَ لَوْنَانِ: فمنْه عُبْرِيٌّ، وَمِنْه ضَالٌ. فأَمّا العُبْرِيّ فمَا لَا شَوْكَ فِيهِ إِلّا مَا لَا يَضِيرُ. وأَما الضّالُ فذُو شَوْكٍ. وللسِّدْرِ وَرَقَةٌ عَرِيضَةٌ مُدَوَّرةٌ، وَرُبمَا كَانَت السِّدْرةُ مِحْلاَلاً. قَالَ ذُو الرُّمَّة:
قَطَعْتُ إِذَا تَجَوَّفَتِ العَوَاطِي
ضُرُوبَ السِّدْرِ عُبْرِيًّا وضَالاَ
قَالَ: ونَبِقُ الضَّالِ صِغَارٌ. قَالَ: وأَجْوَدُ نَبِقٍ يُعلَم بأَرْضِ العَرَب نَبِقُ هَجَرَ، فِي بُقحة واحِدَة، يُحْمَى للسُّلْطان. وَهُوَ أَشَدُّ نَبِقٍ يُعْلَم حَلاوةً وأَطيَبُه رائِحَةً، يَفُوحُ فَمُ آكِلِه وثِيَابُ مُلاَبِسِه كَمَا يَفوح العِطْرُ. (ج سِدْرَاتٌ) ، بكَسْر فسُكُون، (وسِدِرَاتٌ) ، بكَسْرَتَيْن، (وسِدَرَاتٌ) ، بِكَسْر فَفتح، (وسِدَرٌ) ، مثل، عِنَبٍ، (وسُدُرٌ) ، بالضّمّ، الأَخيرَة نادِرَة، كَذَا فِي الْمُحكم.
(وسِدْرَةُ) ، بِالْكَسْرِ: (تابِعِيّ) ، وَقيل: اسمُ امرأَةٍ رَوَتْ عَن عائِشَةَ رَضِي الله عَنْهَا. (وأَبو سِدْرَةَ: سُحَيْمٌ الجُهَيْمِيّ: شاعِرٌ) ، وأَبو سِدْرَةَ: خالِدُ بنُ عَمْرٍ و.
(و) قولُه تَعالى: (عنْدَ (سِدْرَةِ المُنْتَهَى) عِنْدَها جَنَّةُ المَأْوَى) . وكذالك فِي حَدِيثِ الإِسراءِ (ثمَّ رُفِعْتُ إِلى سِدْرَةِ المُنْتَهى) قَالَ الليثُ: زعمَ أَنَّهَا سِدْرَةٌ (فِي السَّمَاءِ السّابِعَةِ) لَا يُجَاوِزُها مَلَكٌ وَلَا نَبِيّ. وَقد أَظَلَّت الماءَ والجَنَّةَ. قَالَ: ويُجْمَع على مَا تقدَّم. وَقَالَ شيخُنَا: ووَردَ فِي الصَّحِيح أَيضاً أَنَّهَا فِي السَّمَاءِ السَّادِسَة، وجمعَ بَيْنَهما عياضٌ باحْتِمَال أَنَّ أَصْلَها فِي السَّادِسَة وعَلَت وارتفَعَت أُصولُها إِلَى السَّابِعَة.
قلْت: وَقَالَ ابنُ الأَثِير: سِدْرَةُ المُنْتَهَى فِي أَقْصَى الجَنَّةِ، إِليها يَنْتَهِي عِلْمُ الأَوّلِين والآخِرِين وَلَا يَتَعَدّاها.
(وذُو سِدْرٍ) ، بالكَسْر، (وَذُو سُدَيْرٍ) ، بالتَّصْغِير، (والسِّدْرَتَانِ) مُثَنَّى سِدْرةٍ: (مَوَاضِعُ) . وقَرأْت فِي دِيوانِ الهُذَلِيّين من شِعْر أَبِي ذُؤَيْب الهُذَلِيّ قولَه:
أَصْبَحَ من أُمِّ عَمْرو بَطْنُ مُرَ فَأَجْ
زاعُ الرَّجِيعِ فذُو سِدْرٍ فأَمْلاَحُ
وأَمَّا ذُو سُدَيْرٍ فقَاعٌ بَيْنَ البَصحرَةِ والكُوفَة، وسيأْتِي فِي كَلَام المصنِّف قَرِيبا.
(و) سَدِيرٌ، (كأَمِير، نَهرٌ بناحِيَة الحِيرَةِ) من أَرضِ العِرَاق. قَالَ عَدِيّ:
سَرَّهُ حَالُه وكَثْرةُ مَا يَمْ
لِكُ والبَحْرُ مُعْرِضاً والسَّدِيرُ
وَقيل: السَّديرُ: النّهْر مُطلقًا. وَقد غَلَب على هاذا النَّهْرِ. وَقيل: سَدِيرٌ: قَصْرٌ فِي الحِيرَة من مَنَازلِ آلِ المُنْذِر وأَبنِيَتهم، وَهُوَ بالفارسيّة (سِهْ دِلَّى) أَي ثَلَاث شُعَبٍ أَو ثَلَاث مُداخَلاَتٍ. وَفِي الصّحاح: وأَصْله بالفارسيّة (سِهْ دِلَه) أَي فِيهِ قِبَابٌ مُدَاخَلَة مِثْلُ الحارِيّ بكُمَّيْنِ. وَقَالَ الأَصمعِيُّ: السَّدِير فارِسَيَّة كأَن أَصله (سِهْ دِل) أَي قُبَّة فِي ثَلاَثِ قِبَابٍ مُدَاخَلَة، وَهِي الَّتِي تُسَمِّيها اليومَ الناسُ سِدِلَّى. فأَعْربتْه الْعَرَب فَقَالُوا: سَدِيرٌ.
قلْت: وَمَا ذَكَرَه من أَن السِّدِلَّى بمعنَى القِبَاب المُتداخِلة فَهُوَ كَذالِك فِي العُرْف الْآن، وهاكذا يُكْتَب فِي الصُّكُوك المستعمَلة. وأَمَّا كَون أَنّ السَّدِير مُعرّب عَنهُ فمَحَلُّ تأَمُّلٍ، لأَن الَّذِي يَقتضيه اللسانُ أَن يكون مُعَرَّباً عَن (سِهْ دره) أَي ذَا ثلاثةِ أَبوابِ، وهاذا أَقرب من (سِهْ دلَّى) كَمَا لَا يَخْفَى.
(وسَدِيرٌ أَيضاً: (سقط: أَرضٌ باليَمَن) تُجلَب (مِنْهَا البُرَودُ) المُثمّنَة) .
(و) سَدِيرٌ أَيضاً (: ع بِمِصْر) فِي الشَّرِقيَّة (قُربَ العَبًّاسِيَّة) .
(و) سَدِيرُ (بنُ حَكِيم) الصَّيْرَفِيّ: (شّيْخٌ لسُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيّ) ، سَمِع أَبا جَعْفَرِ: محمَّدَ بن غليّ بن الحُسَيْن، قَالَه البُخَارِيّ فِي؟ ؟ .
(و) فِي نَوَادِر الأصْمَعِيّ الَّتِي رَوَاهَا عَنهُ أَبو يَعْلَى. قَالَ أَبو عَمْرِو بنُ العَلاءِ: السَّدِيرُ: (العُشْب) .
(و) ذُو سُدَيْر، كزُبَيْر: قاعٌ بينَ البَصْرَةِ والكُوفَةِ) ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي تَقَدَّم ذكْرُه فِي كَلَامه أَوَّلاً، فَهُوَ تَكْرَارٌ، كَمَا لَا يَخْفَى.
(و) السُّدَيْر: (ع بدِيارِ غَطَفَانَ) ، قَالَ الشَّاعِر:
عَرَّ عَلَى لَيْلَى بَذِي سُدَيْرِ
سُوءُ مَبِيتِي بَلَدَ الغُمَيْرِ
قيل: يُرِيد: بِذِي سِدْرٍ، فصَغَّرَ.
(و) السُّدَيْر: (ماءٌ بالحجازِ) ، وَفِي بعض النُّسَخ بدله: وقَرْيَةٌ بِسِنْجَارَ. (وَيُقَال) : سُدَيْرةُ: (بِهَاءٍ) ، وصَوَّبه شيخُنَا.
وَفِي مُعْجم البَكْرِيّ: سُدَير وَيُقَال سُدَيْرَةُ: مَاءَةٌ بَين جُرَاد والمَرُّوتِ، أَقطعَهَا النَّبيّ صلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وسلَّم حُصَيْنَ بنَ مُشمتٍ الحِمَّانيّ فليُنْظَر.
(والسّادِرُ: المُتَحَيَّر) من شِدّة الحَرّ، (كالسَّدِرِ) ، ككَتِف.
و (سَدِرَ) بَصَرُه، كفَرِحَ، سَدَراً) ، مُحَرَّكَةً، (وسَدَارَةً) ، ككَرَامَة، فَهُوَ سَدِرٌ: لَك يَكَد يُبْصِر. وَقيل: السَّدَرُ، بالتَّحْرِيك. شِبْهُ الدُّوَارِ، وَهُوَ كَثِيراً مَا يَعْرِض لرَاكِبِ البَحْر. (و) فِي حديثِ عليَ رَضِي الله عَنهُ (نَفَرَ مُسْتَكْبِراً وخَبَطَ سادِراً) ، قيل السَّادِرُ: اللاَّهِي. وَقيل: (الَّذِي لَا يَهْتَمُّ) لشيْءٍ (وَلَا يُبَالِي مَا صَنَعَ) قَالَ:
سَادِراً أَحْسَبُ غَيِّى رَشَداً
فتَناهَيْتُ وَقد صَابَتْ بقُْرّ
(و) يُقَال: سَدرَ (البَعِيرُ) ، كفَرِحَ، يَسْدَر سَدَراً: (تَحَيَّر بَصَرُه من شِدَّةِ الحَرِّ) ، فَهُوَ سَدِرٌ.
وَفِي الأَساس: سَدِرَ بَصرُه واسمَدَرَّ: تَحَيَّرَ فَلم يُحسِن الإِدْراكَ. وَفِي بَصَرِه سَدَرٌ وسَمَادِيرُ.
وعَينه سَدِرَةٌ. وإِنه سادِرٌ فِي الغَيّ: تائِهٌ، وتكَلَّم سادِراً: غيرَ مُتَثَبِّت فِي كلامِه، انْتهى.
وَقَالَ ابنُ الأَعْرَابِيّ: سَدِرَ: قَمِرَ، وسَدِرَ من شدَّة الحَرّ.
(و) سَدِرٌ (ككَتِفٍ: البَحْرُ) ، قَالَه الجوهريّ. قِيل: لم يُسمع بِهِ إِلَّا فِي شِعْر أُمَيَّةَ بنِ أَبِي الصَّلْت:
فكأَنّ بِرْقِعَ والملائكَ حَوْلَهَا
سَدِرٌ تَوَاكَلَه القَوَائِمُ أَجْرَدُ
وَقَبله:
فأَتَمَّ سِتًّا فاسْتَوَتْ أَطْبَاقُهَا
وأَتَى بِسَابِعَةٍ فأَنَّى تُورَدُ
وأَراد بالقَوَائِم هُنَا الرِّيَاحَ. وتَواكَلَتْه. تَرَكَتْه، شَبَّهَ السمَاءَ بالبَحْر عِنْد سُكُونه وعدمِ تَمَوُّجِه.
وَقَالَ ابنُ سيدَه، وأَنشدَ ثَعْلَب:
وكأَنَّ بِرْقِع والملائِكَ تَحْتَها
سَدِرٌ تَوَاكَلَه قَوائِمُ أَرْبَخ
قَالَ: سَدِرٌ: يَدُور. وقَوائمُ أَربعُ، هم الْمَلَائِكَة لَا يُدْرَى كيفَ خَلْقُهم. قَالَ: شَبَّه الملائكَةَ فِي خَوْفِها من الله تَعَالَى بهاذا الرَّجلِ السَّدِر.
وَقَالَ الصَّاغانِيّ فِيمَا رَدَّ بِهِ على الجوهريّ: إِن الصَّحِيحَ فِي الرّواية سِدْر، بالكَسْر. وأَرادَ بِهِ الشَّجَرَ لَا البَحْر، وتَبعَه صاحِبُ النَّامُوس، وشَذَّ شَيْخُنَا فأَنْكَرَه عَلَيْهِ.
وَيَأْتِي للمصنّف فِي (وك ل) سِدْرٌ لَوَاكَلهُ القَوَائِمُ: لَا قوائِمَ لَهُ: فتأَمَّلَ.
(والسِّدَارُ، ككِتَاب: شِبْهُ الخِدْرِ) يُعَرَّض فِي الخِبَاءِ.
(والسِّيدارَةُ، بالكسْرِ: الوِقَايَةُ) على رَأْس المرأَةِ تكون (تَحْتَ المِقْنَعَةِ، و) هِيَ (العِصَابَةُ) أَيضاً. وَقيل: هِيَ القَلَنْسُوَة بِلَا أَصْدَاغٍ، عَن الهَجَرِيّ.
(و) سُدَّر، (كقُبَّر) لُعْبَةٌ لِلصِّبْيَانِ) ، وَهِي الَّتِي تُسَمَّى الطُّبَن؛ وَهِي خَطٌّ مُستديرٌ، يلْعَب بهَا الصِّبْيان. وَفِي حَدِيث بَعضهم (رأَيْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَلْعَب السُّدَّرَ) . قَالَ ابْن الأَثير: هُوَ لُعْبَة يُلْعَب بهَا يَقَامَرُ بهَا، وتُكْسَر سِينُهَا وتُضَمّ، وَهِي فارسيّة معَرَّبة عَن ثَلَاثَة أَبواب. وَمِنْه حديثُ يحيى بنِ أَبِي كثير: (السُّدَّرُ هِيَ الشيطانةُ الصُّغْرَى) يَعْنِي أَنها من أَمْرِ الشَّيْطَانِ.
قلْت: وسيأْتي للمُصَنِّف فِي (فرق) . وَنقل شَيخنَا عَن أَبي حَيَّان أَنها بالفَتْح كبَقَّم. قلْت: فَهُوَ مُثَلَّث، وَقد أَغفلَه المُصَنّف.
(والأَسْدَرانِ) : المَنْكِبانِ: وَقيل: (عِرْقانِ فِي العَيْنَيْنِ) أَو تَحْتَ الصُّدْغَيْن. (و) فِي الْمثل: ((جاءَ يَضْرِب أَسْدَرَيْه)) يُضرَب للفارِغ الَّذِي لَا شُغْلَ لَهُ. وَفِي حَدِيث الحَسَن: يَضْرِب أَسْدَرَيْه، (أَي عِطْفَيْه ومَنْكِبَيْه) ، يَضْرِب بيَدَيْه عَلَيْهِمَا، وَهُوَ بمَعْنى الفارِغ. قَالَ أَبو زيد. يُقَال للرجل إِذا جاءَ فارِغاً: جاءَ يَنفُض أَسْدَآعيْه. وَقَالَ بَعضهم: جاءَ يَنْفُض أَصْدَرَيْه، أَي عِطْفَيْه. قَالَ: وأَسْدَرَاه: مَنْكِباه: وَقَالَ ابْن السِّكِّيت: اءَ يَنْفُض أَزْدَرَيْه، بالزَّاي، (أَي جاءَ فارِغاً) لَيْسَ بِيَدِهِ شَيْءٌ، (وَلم يَقْضِ طَلِبَتَه) ، وَقد تقدّم شَيْءٌ من ذالك فِي أَزدَرَيه.
(و) يُقَال: (سَدَرَ الشَّعرَ فانْسَدَر) ، وكذالك السِّتْرَ، لُغَةٌ فِي (سَدَلَه فانْسَدَلَ) ، أَي أَرْسَلَه وأَرْخَاهُ. (وانْسَدَر) : أَسْرَع بعضَ الإِسْراع. وَقَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْد: يُقَال: انْسَدَرَ فُلانٌ (يَعْدُو) ، وانْصَلَتَ يَعْدُو، إِذا (انْحَدَرَ واسْتَمَرَّ) فِي عَدْوِه مُسْرِعاً.
وَمِمَّا يُسْتَدْرَكَ عَلَيْهِ:
سَدَرَ ثَوْبَه يَسْدِرُه سَدْراً وسُدُوراً: شَقَّه، عَن يَعْقُوب.
وشَعرٌ مَسْدُورٌ، كمَسْدُول، أَي مُسْتَرْسِل.
وسَدَرَ ثَوبَه، سَدْراً إِذا أَرْسَلَه طُولاً، عَن اللِّحْيَانيّ.
وَقَالَ أَبو عَمْرو: تَسَدَّرَ بثَوْبِه، إِذا تَجَلَّلَ بِهِ.
والسَّدِيرُ، كأَمِير: مَنْبَعُ الماءِ، عَن ابْن سِيدَه.
وسَدِيرُ النَّخْلِ: سَوَادُه ومُجْتَمَعُه.
وَقَالَ أَبو عَمْرٍ و: سَمِعْتُ بَعْضَ قَيْس يَقُول: سَدَلَ الرَّجلُ فِي البِلاد، وسَدَرَ، إِذَا ذَهَبَ فِيهَا فَلم يَثْنِه شَيْءٌ.
وَبَنُو سَادِرَةَ: حَيٌّ من الْعَرَب.
وسِدْرَةُ، بِالْكَسْرِ: قَبِيلَةٌ. قَالَ:
قد لَقِيَتْ سدْرَةُ جَمْعاً ذَا لُهَا
وعَدَداً فَخْماً وعِزًّا بَزَرَى
ورَجلٌ سَنْدَرَى: شَدِيدٌ، مقلوبٌ عَن سَرَنْدَى.
وأَبو مُوسَى السِّدْرَانِيّ، بالكَسْر: صُوفِيٌّ مَشْهُور، من المَغْرِب.
والسِّدْرَة، بِالْكَسْرِ: من مَنَزِل حَاجِّ مِصْر.
والسَّدَّار، ككَتَّان: الَّذِي يَبِيع وَرَقَ السِّدْرِ. وَقد نُسِبَ إِليه جماعةٌ.
وسِدْرةُ بن عَمآٍ و، فِي قَيْس عَيْلانَ.
وَفِي تلامذة الأَصمعيّ رَجلٌ يُعرَفُ بالسِّدْرِيّ، بَصْريّ، وَهُوَ نِسْبَةٌ لمن يطْحَنُ وَرَقَ السِّدْرِ ويَبيعُه.
وسَدُورٌ، كصَبُور، وَيُقَال سَدِيوَرُ، بِفَتْح فَكسر فَسُكُون فَفتح، قَرْيَة بمَرْو، فِيهَا قَبْر الرَّبِيع بنِ أَنَسٍ صاحِبِ أَبي العَالِيَةَ الرِّيَاحِيّ.
وبنُو السدري: قَومٌ من العَلَويّين.

سبر

1 سَبَرَ الجُرْحَ, (S, M, A, &c.,) aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb) and سَبِرَ, (M, TA,) inf. n. سَبْرٌ; (S, M, Msb, K;) and ↓ استبرهُ; (K;) He probed the wound; measured its depth with the مِسْبَار, i. e., with an iron or other instrument; (A, Mgh:) tried, (K,) or examined, (S,) or endeavoured to learn, (Msb,) its depth; (S, Msb, K;) examined its extent. (M.) b2: سَبَرَهُ (assumed tropical:) He determined, or computed by conjecture or by the eye, its measure, quantity, size, or bulk. (M, K, * TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) He tried, proved, or tested, it; proved it by experiment or experience; (S, M, TA;) namely, anything; as also ↓ استبرهُ. (S.) b4: (assumed tropical:) He elicited its true, or real, condition. (TA.) b5: It is related in the trad. of the cave, that Aboo-Bekr said to Mohammad, لَا تَدْخُلْهُ حَتَّى أَسْبُرَهُ قَبْلَكَ (assumed tropical:) Do not thou enter it until I explore it before thee, and see if there be in it any one, or anything that may hurt. (TA.) b6: مَفَازَةٌ لَا تُسْبَرُ (tropical:) A desert of which the extent cannot be known. (A.) b7: سَبَرْتُ فُلَانًا (tropical:) [I searched into such a one]. (A.) — فُيهِ خَيْرٌ كَثِيرٌ لَا يُسْبَرُ (tropical:) [In him is much good, the extent of which cannot be known]. (A.) b8: أَمْرٌ عَظِيمٌ لَا يُسْبَرُ (tropical:) [A great affair, of which the uttermost cannot be known]. (A.) b9: اُسْبُرْ لِى مَا عِنْدَهُ (assumed tropical:) Learn thou for me what he has [in his mind, or in his possession]. (M.) b10: سَبَرْتُ القَوْمَ, aor. ـُ and سَبِرَ, inf. n. سَبْرٌ, (assumed tropical:) I observed the people attentively, with investigation, one after another, that I might know their number. (Msb.) 8 إِسْتَبَرَ see 1, in two places.

سَبْرٌ: see سِبْرٌ.

A2: Also The lion. (El-Mu- ärrij, K.) سِبْرٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ سَبْرٌ (M, K) The source, or origin, [of a thing,] syn. أَصْلٌ: (M, K:) pl. of both أَسْبَارٌ. (M.) b2: (tropical:) Form, or appearance; figure, feature, or lineaments; external state or condition; state with regard to apparel and the like; (S, M, K;) or goodly form or appearance &c.; (K;) aspect; garb, or habit; (TA;) colour, or complexion; (M, K;) beauty; (K;) brightness of countenance: (M:) pl. of both as above. (M.) b3: IAar says, I heard Aboo-Ziyád El-Kilábee say, I returned from Marw to the desert, and one of its people said to me, أَمَّا السِّبْرُ فَحَضَرِىٌّ وَأَمَّا اللِّسَانُ فَبَدَوِىٌّ (tropical:) As to garb and appearance, [thou art like] an inhabitant of a town; but as to tongue, an inhabitant of the desert. (S, * TA.) b4: You say, فُلَانٌ حَسَنُ الحِبْرِ وَالسِّبْرِ (tropical:) Such a one is beautiful and of goodly appearance. (S.) [See also حِبْرٌ.] b5: A woman of the desert said, أَعْجَبَنِى سِبْرُ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) The good condition, and flourishing state of body, of such a one pleased me: and رَأَيْتُهُ سَيِّئَ السِّبْرِ (tropical:) I saw him to have an altered and ill appearance of body: thus she assigned to سبر two significations. (TA.) b6: One says also, إِنَّهُ لَحَسَنُ السِّبْرِ (tropical:) Verily he is goodly in complexion and appearance. (TA.) b7: سِبْرٌ also signifies (tropical:) A characteristic by which one knows the generousness or ungenerousness of a beast. (Az, M.) b8: And (assumed tropical:) One's knowledge of the fruitfulness or unfruitfulness [or the good or bad condition] of a beast. (Az, TA.) b9: Also (assumed tropical:) Likeness; syn. شَبَهٌ. (K, TA. [In some copies of the K, سُبَّةٌ, which is an evident mistake.]) So in the phrase, occurring in a trad., غَلَبَ عَلَيْهِمْ سِبْرُ أَبِى بَكْرٍ (assumed tropical:) The likeness (شَبَه) of Aboo-Bekr predominated in them. (IAar, TA.) One says also, عَرَفَهُ بِسِبْرِ أَبِيهِ (assumed tropical:) He knew him by the appearance and likeness of his father. (TA.) b10: Also the former (سِبْرٌ), Enmity, (K,) accord. to El-Muärrij; but Az says that this is strange. (TA.) سَبْرَةٌ A cold morning, between daybreak and sunrise: (S, M, A, Mgh, K:) or from the time a little before daybreak to daybreak: or from daybreak to sunrise: (M:) or a cold morning during the period next after sunrise: (Msb:) pl. سَبَرَاتٌ: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) which latter is also expl. as signifying the intenseness of the cold of winter, and of the year. (TA.) سُبْرُتٌ and سِبْرَاتٌ and سُبْرُوتٌ and سِبْرِيتٌ: &c.: see art. سبرت.

سُبْرُورٌ Poor; (K, TA;) possessing no property: like سُبْرُوتٌ, in this sense, and in that following. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) Land in which is no herbage. (K, TA.) سِبَارٌ and ↓ مِسْبَارٌ A probe; an instrument with which a wound is probed; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ مِسْبَرٌ: (Ham p. 818:) a twist like a wick, (T, Msb,) or a similar thing, (Msb,) which is put into a wound (T, Msb) to ascertain its depth; (Msb;) an iron or other instrument with which the depth of a wound is measured: (A, Mgh:) pl. of the first, سُبُرٌ; and of ↓ the second, مَسَابِيرُ. (Msb.) It is said in a prov., مَا عُرِفَ ↓ لَوْ لَا المِسْبَارُ غَوْرُ الجُرْحِ [Were it not for the probe, the depth of the wound would not be known]. (A.) And ↓ بَعِيدُ المِسْبَارِ is applied as an epithet to a woman's vulva [or vagina, in an obvious sense,] by Ibn-Habeeb: and accord. to the K, to a woman [in allusion to her vagina]. (TA in art. خجى.) سَبَارٍ an irreg. pl. of سُبْرُوتٌ: see the latter in art. سبرت.

سَابِرِىٌّ A coat of mail made of slender rings, and strongly: (K:) so called in relation to the king Sáboor. (TA.) b2: Hence, (TA,) or from Sáboor, a province of Persia, (Mgh, Msb,) A thin, or delicate, kind of garment or cloth, (IDrd, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) of excellent quality: (K:) and anything thin, or delicate. (M.) Whence the prov., عَرْضٌ سَابِرِيٌّ (S, M, * K *) A slight exhibition: (M:) [see variations of this phrase in art. عرض, under عَرَضَ الشَّىْءَ:] said to him to whom a thing is shown in a slight manner: (S:) because the garment or cloth called سابرىّ, (S, K,) being of the best of qualities, (S,) is desired when exhibited in the slightest manner. (S, K. [See the first paragraph in art. عرض; and see also عَرَضَ عَلَىَّ سَوْمَ عَالَّةٍ in the first paragraph of art. سوم.]) b3: A certain sort of dates, (S, Msb, K,) of good quality. (Msb, K.) It is said that the best of the dates in El-Koofeh are the نِرْسِيَان and the سابرىّ. (S.) b4: نَخْلَةٌ سَابِرِيَّةٌ A palmtree of which the unripe dates are yellow and somewhat long. (AHát, Msb.) مَسْبَرٌ (assumed tropical:) [The internal state or condition of a man]. You say, حَمَدْتُ مَسْبَرَهُ and مَخَبَرَهُ (assumed tropical:) [I praised his internal state or condition]: (S:) and ↓ مَسْبَرَةٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The internal state or condition; an internal, or intrinsic, quality; or the intrinsic, or real, as opposed to the apparent, state, or aspect. (TA.) مِسْبَرٌ: see سِبَارٌ.

مَسْبَرَةٌ The utmost point of a wound. (M.) b2: See also مَسْبَرٌ.

مِسْبَارٌ: see سِبَارٌ, in four places. b2: It may also be applied to (assumed tropical:) A man who probes a wound. (Ham p. 818.) مَسْبُورٌ Goodly in form or appearance; in figure, feature, or lineaments; in external state or condition; in state of apparel or the like. (K, TA.)

(س و د) : (السَّيِّدُ) ذُو السُّؤْدُدِ (وَمِنْهُ) السَّيِّدُ مِنْ الْمُعِزِّ وَهُوَ الْمُسِنُّ أَوْ الثَّنِيُّ (وَالسَّوَادُ) خِلَافُ الْبَيَاضِ (وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ) «يَمْشِيَانِ فِي سَوَادٍ وَيَأْكُلَانِ فِي سَوَادٍ» يُرِيدُ سَوَادَ قَوَائِمِهَا وَأَفْوَاهِهِمَا (وَاسْوِدَادُ الْوَجْهِ) فِي قَوْله تَعَالَى {ظَلَّ وَجْهُهُ مُسْوَدًّا} [النحل: 58] عِبَارَةٌ عَنْ الْحُزْنِ أَوْ الْكَرَاهَةِ وَسُمِّيَ (سَوَادُ الْعِرَاقِ) لِخُضْرَةِ أَشْجَارِهِ وَزُرُوعِهِ وَحَدُّهُ طُولًا مِنْ حَدِيثَةِ الْمَوْصِلِ إلَى عَبَّادَانَ وَعَرْضًا مِنْ الْعُذَيْبِ إلَى حُلْوَانَ وَهُوَ الَّذِي فُتِحَ عَلَى عَهْدِ عُمَرَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - وَهُوَ أَطْوَلُ مِنْ الْعِرَاقِ بِخَمْسَةٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ فَرْسَخًا (وَسَوَادُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ) جَمَاعَتُهُمْ (وَالْأَسْوَدُ) ذُو السَّوَادِ (وَبِهِ) سُمِّيَ الْأَسْوَدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ النَّخَعِيُّ وَتَأْنِيثُهُ (السَّوْدَاءُ) (وَبِتَصْغِيرِهَا) سُمِّيَتْ (السُّوَيْدَاءُ) وَهِيَ بُقْعَةٌ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ الْمَدِينَةِ سِتَّةٌ وَأَرْبَعُونَ مِيلًا وَقِيلَ عِشْرُونَ فَرْسَخًا وَقَوْلُهُ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - «اُقْتُلُوا الْأَسْوَدَيْنِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ الْحَيَّةَ وَالْعَقْرَبَ» هَكَذَا فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - عَنْ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - (وَفِي) حَدِيثِ عَائِشَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا - «وَمَا لَنَا طَعَامٌ وَلَا شَرَابٌ إلَّا الْأَسْوَدَيْنِ» تَعْنِي بِهِ التَّمْرَ وَالْمَاءَ (وَيُصَغَّرُ) تَصْغِيرَ التَّرْخِيمِ فِي مَعْنَى الْمَاءِ خَاصَّةً (وَمِنْهُ) قَوْلُهُمْ مَا سَقَانِي مِنْ سُوَيْدٍ قَطْرَةً قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ هُوَ الْمَاءُ بِعَيْنِهِ (وَبِهِ) سُمِّيَ سُوَيْدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ وَهُوَ الَّذِي قَالَ - عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ - فِي حَدِيثِهِ «زِنْ وَأَرْجِحْ» (وَسُوَيْد) بْنُ مُقَرِّنٍ وَابْنُ النُّعْمَانِ وَابْنُ حَنْظَلَةَ كُلُّهُمْ مِنْ الصَّحَابَةِ (وَأَمَّا) سُوَيْدُ بْنُ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَلَمْ أَجِدْهُ (وَقَوْلُهُ) - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ - «اُقْتُلُوا الْكَلْبَ الْأَسْوَدَ الْبَهِيمَ فَإِنَّهُ شَيْطَانٌ» قَالَ الْجَاحِظُ إنَّمَا قَالَ ذَلِكَ لِأَنَّ عُقُرَهَا أَكْثَرُ مَا تَكُونُ سُودًا وَقَالَ شَيْطَانٌ لِخُبْثِهِ لَا أَنَّهُ مِنْ وَلَدِ إبْلِيسَ (وَالسُّودَانِيَّةُ) طُوَيْرَةٌ طَوِيلَةُ الذَّنَبِ عَلَى قَدْرِ قَبْضَةِ الْكَفِّ وَقَدْ تُسَمَّى الْعُصْفُورَ الْأَسْوَدَ وَهِيَ تَأْكُلُ الْعِنَبَ وَالْجَرَادَ.

سود: ساد على: تغلب قهر، يقال ساد في النظر على ساد في الفكر على (بوشر).
سَوَّده: أطلق عليه لقب سَيّد بمعنى المولى والمالك (عباد 2: 156، ابن جبير ص299، ابن بطوطة 3: 399، تاريخ البربر 2: 351).
سَوَّد: أحزن، أشجى، ويقال: يسوّد الصدر أي سوداوي، (بوشر) سوَّد عرضا: جعله أسود. وسوَّد وجهه: شان عرضه وثلمه (بوشر).
تَسَوَّد: صار أسود (فوك، ألكالا).
تساود: ذكرت في معجم البلاذري وهي خطأ والصواب تساند (انظر الكلمة).
اسوَدَّ، اسوَّد وجْهُه عند الناس: تسربل بالعار (بوشر).
سود. سود الهِنْد = ساذج (المستعيني في مادة ساذج) وفي مخطوطة ن: سودد. سِيد: أسد (بوشر بربرية).
سيد: سَيّد والجمع أسياد: مولى، مالك. وأسيادي: سادتي، موالّي (بوشر) وانظره أيضاً في مادة سَيِدّ.
سودة: سودة محترقة: مرض جلدي (سبخ) وأرى أن الصواب: سَوْداء.
سوداوي: ممرور، مالنخولي (فوك، ألكالا، بوشر برتون 1: 288، 2: 253) وسوداوي الطبع، صاحب سوداء (بوشر) وذو أبخرة ورياح، ويقال أيضاً: من الرياح السوداوية (بوشر).
سوداية: قنينة سوداء، قارورة سوداء (بوشر).
سَوْدانية بفتح السين وضمها: الطير الذي يسمى زرزور ففي ابن البيطار (2: 196): عصافير وسودانيات. وفي (2: 197) السودانيات وهي الزرازير.
سَوَاد: مثل ما اتخذ العباسيون اللباس الأسود (السواد) علامة للحداد على العدد الكبير من رجال أسرة النبي الذين استشهدوا أيام الحكم الاموي فإن كلمة السواد تعني اللباس الأسود الذي كانوا يلبسونه هم وعمال دولتهم، واستعمل مجازاً بمعنى العامل. ولذلك فنحن نقرأ إنه حين سمّي أحدهم وزيراً ورتّب معه آخر يقوم بتصريف الأمور قيل فيهما هذا البيتِ اللاذع.
ذاك سوادٌ بلا وزير ... وذا وزيرٌ بلا سواد
أي أن احدهم يحمل لقب الوزير لا أكثر والآخر هو الوزير فعلاً غير إنه لا يحمل لقب الوزير (معجم الطرائف، معجم مسلم، الفخري ص316).
سواد العين: غالباً ما يعتبر أغلى شيء يملكه الإنسان (عباد 1: 335، 3: 181) سواد: يقال سواد الأشجار وغيرها (دي سلان علي البكري ص24) كما نقرأ سواد الزيتون ((فحين نلاحظ في أقصى الأفق الأشجار المكتظة التي هي كالواحة في وسط قيعان الرمال نعتقد أنا نرى بقعة سوداء على الأرض البيضاء))، ولذلك تطلق كلمة سواد على الغابة التي ترى من بعيد، وعلى قافلة المسافرين وغير ذلك، ففي العبدري (ص80 ق): وسواد أشجارها يظهر على بعد (البكري ص48، ابن جبير ص214). السواد: ساحل إفريقية الشمالية (البكري ص31) زيشر 8: 348 رقم2).
سواد: مسوّدة كتاب، وتطلق غالباً على الكتاب أو نسخة منه (مونج ص4).
سَيّد: وبالعامية سِيد (في معجم فوك) سِدْ (بوشر) وفيه الجمع سُيدا، وهو يذكر هذه الكلمة في مادة شريف. غير أن برتون يرى أن هاتين الكلمتين ليستا مترادفتين، فالسيّد تطلق على أبناء الحسين. والشريف تطلق على أبناء الحسن.
سَيّد: امير الموحدين، ففي ابن خلدون (4: 29ق): القرابة من بني عبد المؤمن وكانوا يسمونهم السادة.
سَيّد: أمير يوليه باشا طرابلس إلى المقاطعات الصغيرة (عشر سنوات ص14) وأمير اليهود (عشر سنوات ص94، 106).
سَيّد: صوفي (دي ساسي طرائف 1: 141).
سيّد: أخو الزوج، أخو المرأة، زوج الأخت (همبرت ص35 جزائرية) أخو الجدة، أخو والد الجد، أو أخو والد الجدة (الكالا).
سَيّدِيّ: ربّي، ربّاني، رَبُوني (بوشر).
سُوَيْد: أشنان، حرض (نبات) (هلو) واسمه العلمي: Suoeda vera وهو نوع من الاشنان وسمي بذلك لان العرب يسمونه سوهد (صفة مصر 12: 13) Suoeda Fruticosa ( براكس مجلة الشرق والجزائر) (8: 283) وفيها (سُويِد) سَوَادَة: سواد، بقعة سوداء (بوشر).
سُوَيْدَة. سويدة العرب، نبات اسمه العلمي: Chenopodium maritimum. ( لان) و Sueda maritima وهي باقات شديدة الخضرة كثيفة (غدامس ص329).
سَوَادِيّ: صنف من العنب الأسود (برتون 1: 387).
سِيَادة: سيادة على الشعب: أو صاحب الإقطاع على الشعب بالطاعة والاحترام (بوشر).
سيادة المطران: سيدنا المطران (بوشر).
سيّادي: إقطاعي (بوشر).
ساداتيّ: مختص بالسيد أو السادات، حقوق السيد أو السادات (بوشر).
أَسْوَد: نقيض أبيض ويجمع أيضاً على سوداً (بوشر).
أَسْوَد: يستعمل اسم تفضيل خطأ بمعنى أَشَدّ سَوَاداً. وقد ورد في شعر ذكره ابن خلكان 7: 109).
أسود: مضجر، مكدر، شاق، صعب، وعر (هلو).
الدرهم الأسود: انظره في درهم.
اسود. سوداء: صفة لريح شديدة، ففي كرتاس ص (6): الريح الشديدة السوداء.
سوداء: مِرّة سوداء (مادة تفرزها الكبد) وكآبة، وسويداء، ونزلة واحدة، زكام، ونزوة (فوك، ألكالا، بوشر).
سوداء: كلاّب، إبزيم (المعجم اللاتيني العربي) وفيه ( fibula سَوْدا ومخاطف).
السوداء: أدوات الطبخ والبيت، وكل ما انتفع به من الأدوات المنزلية، ماعون (معجم البلاذري).
ماله سوداء للشغل: ليس له رغبة في الشغل (بوشر).
تَسْوِيد: مسوَّدة، ضد مبيَّضة (بوشر).
تَسْيِيد. تسييد على الشعب: حق الإقطاعي على الشعب بالطاعة والاحترام (بوشر).
تَسْوِيدة: لطخة سوداء، بقعة سوداء (فوك).
مَسُود: (لين، تاج العروس) وله أمثلة في معجم مسلم مَسِيد أو مَسْيَد تسْيَد أو تسِيد: كتّاب، مدرسة ابتدائية في إفريقية (دومب ص97، بوشر (بربرية)، دلابورت ص170، مجلة الشرق والجزائر 7: 85 وفيها مَسِيد، هلو، شيرب ديال ص62، رولانديال ص622) وفي معجم فوك هذه الكلمة هي مَزَد وجمعها مُزُود وأَمْزِدَة ومَسِيد من لغة العامة غير أنها قديمة وقد أشار إليها الجواليقي فذكر مَسِيد مَسْجد. (مورجنا، فورشنجن ص115).
مُسَوَّدَة: ضد مبيضة (بوشر) ثم أطلقت على الكتاب أو نسخة منه (مونج ص4) وهي في محيط المحيط مَسْوَدَّة.
مُسَوِّدَة: قنينة سوداء من الزجاج بوشر، همبرت ص202، محيط المحيط.
مسودة: لا يراد بها في بعض الأحيان الخلفاء العباسيين بل عمالهم من الولاة والقادة، ففي رياض النفوس (ص22 و): سئل إذا كان ابن غانم قد عين قاضياً من قبل هارون الرشيد أو من قبل والي إفريقية روح بن حاتم فقال بعضهم لم تكن من أمير المؤمنين وإنما كانت من المُسوّدة يعنى الجُنْد وروح بن حاتم.

سود

1 سَادَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. سِيَادَةٌ (Msb, TA) and سُودٌ and سُودَدٌ [and its vars. mentioned in the next sentence] and سَيْدُودَةٌ, (TA,) or سُودَدٌ is a simple subst. signifying as expl. below, (Msb,) He was, or became, [a سَيِّد, i. e. chief, lord, master, &c.; or] possessed of glory, honour, dignity, eminence, exalted or elevated state, or nobility. (Msb, TA.) b2: [It is also trans.:] you say, سَادَ قَوْمَهُ, (S, M, * A,) aor. ـُ (S, A,) inf. n. سِيَادَةٌ (S, M, K *) and سُودٌ (M, K *) and سُودَدٌ, (S, M, A, K *) in which last the [final] د is added to render the word quasi-coordinate to words of the measure فُعْلَلٌ, as جُنْدَبٌ and بُرْقَعٌ, (S,) and سُودُدٌ and سُؤْدَدٌ (M, TA *) and سُؤْدُدٌ, (M, K, *) of the dial. of Teiyi, (M,) and سَيْدُودَةٌ, (S, M,) He was, or became, the سَيِّد [or chief, lord, master, &c.,] of his people; (S;) [he ruled his people, or held dominion over them;] and ↓ اِسْتَادَهُمْ signifies the same. (M, L.) And سَادَهُ, inf. n. سِيَادَةٌ and سِيَادٌ and سُودَدٌ [&c.], He exercised rule, or dominion, over him. (MA.) [See also سُودَدٌ below.] b3: [Hence,] سَادَتْ نَاقَتِى المَطَايَا (tropical:) My she-camel left behind the [other] camels or beasts. (A, TA.) b4: سَاوَدَنِى فَسُدْتُهُ: see 3.

A2: سَوِدَ and سَادَ as syn. with اِسْوَدَّ: see this last, in three places.

A3: سَادَهُ as syn. with سَاوَدَهُ: see this latter.

A4: سَادَ, aor. ـُ also signifies He drank water such as is termed مَسْوَدَة, which occasions a disease termed سُوَادِ. (M, K.) b2: And سِيدَ, (M,) or سُئِدَ, like عُنِىَ, (K,) He was, or became, affected with السُّوَاد. (M, K. [In the former, the context indicates that this means here a disease that attacks the liver from eating dates: in the latter, that it here means a disease incident to sheep or goats.]) 2 سوّدهُ قَوْمُهُ, [inf. n. تَسْوِيدٌ,] His people made him a سَيِّد [i. e. chief, lord, &c.; generally meaning over them]. (S, M, * A.) It is said in a trad. of 'Omar, تَفَقَّهُوا قَبْلَ أَنْ تُسَوَّدُوا, (M,) or ↓ تَسَوَّدُوا [for تَتَسَوَّدُوا], (O,) meaning Learn ye knowledge, or science, before ye be [made] chiefs, looked at; for if ye learn not before that, ye will be ashamed to learn after becoming advanced in age, or attaining to full growth, (بَعْدَ الكِبَرِ,) and so will remain ignorant, taking it [i. e. knowledge] from the younger ones, and that will lower your estima-tion: (M:) or the meaning is, before ye be married, and become masters of houses, or tents, and be diverted by the marriage-state from [the acquisition of] knowledge, or science. (Sh, O.) [See also 5.] b2: سوّد also signifies He slew: (Az, TA:) or [the inf. n.] تَسْوِيدٌ signifies the slaying of سَادَة [i. e. chiefs, lords, &c., pl. of سَيِّدٌ]. (K.) b3: [And accord. to the K, تَسْوِيدٌ is also syn. with جُرْأَةٌ The being bold, daring, brave, or courageous: but accord. to the O, سَوَّدَ signifies خَرِئَ He voided his excrement, or ordure; as though from what next follows: which of these two explanations is right (for it seems improbable that both are right) I find no ex. to indicate.]

A2: سَوَّدْتُهُ, (S, M, * TA,) or سوّدته بِالسَّوَادِ, inf. n. تَسْوِيدٌ, (Msb,) I blackened it; made it, or rendered it, أَسْوَد [i. e. black]; (S, * M, Msb; *) I changed its بَيَاض [or whiteness] to سَوَاد [or blackness]. (TA.) b2: [Hence, سوّد وَجْهَهُ lit. He, or it, blackened his face: meaning (assumed tropical:) rendered his face expressive of sorrow, or displeasure; or grieved, or displeased, him: and also, disgraced him: see the contr. بَيَّضَ: and see also 9. b3: Hence also سوّد meaning He wrote anything in a rough manner, as one writes the first draught, or original copy, of a book or the like; contr. of بَيَّضَ in this sense also: probably post-classical.] b4: And سّود الإِبِلَ, (S, M, O,) inf. n. تَسْوِيدٌ, (S, K,) (assumed tropical:) He beat, or pounded, old worn-out hair-cloth, and applied it as a remedy to the galls, or sores, on the backs of the camels. (Fr, A'Obeyd, S, M, O, K. *) b5: And سَوِّدُوا ضَيْفَكُمْ (assumed tropical:) Feed ye your guest with something to allay the craving of his stomach before the morning-meal (الغَدَآء). (ElUmawee, TA in art. لهج.) 3 سَاْوَدَ ↓ سَاوَدَنِى فَسُدْتُهُ (S, A, K, * &c.) He vied with me, or contended with me for superiority, in the rank, or quality, or qualities, of a سَيِّد [or chief, lord, &c.], and I overcame, or surpassed, him therein: (S, A, L, K: *) A2: and also He vied with me in blackness, and I surpassed him therein. (S, L, K. *) b2: And ساودهُ, inf. n. سِوَادٌ, He met him in the blackness of the night. (M, L.) b3: And سَاوَدْتُهُ, (S, A, O,) inf. n. سِوَادٌ (S, O, K *) and مُسَاوَدَةٌ, (S,) (tropical:) I spoke secretly with him; (S, A, O, K; *) because you bring near your سَوَاد [or person] to his [when you so speak with another]; or [because] originally meaning I brought near my سَوَاد, i. e. person, to his: (S:) or ساودهُ, inf. n. سِوَادٌ, signifies he spoke secretly with him, and so brought near his سَوَاد to his [the other's]; as also ↓ سَادَهُ, inf. n. سَوْدٌ. (M.) It was said to the daughter of El-Khuss, Wherefore didst thou commit fornication? (S, O, L,) or What caused thee to commit fornication? or Wherefore didst thou become pregnant? (M, L,) thou being the mistress of thy people? (S, O, L:) and she answered, قُرْبُ الوِسَادِ وَطُولُ السِّوَادِ, (S, M, O, L, [in my two copies of the S قُرْبَ and طُولَ, as though a verb were understood,]) i. e. [The nearness of the pillow, and the long continuance of] secret speaking with another: (Lh, M, L:) or, as some say, السواد here means the enticing to جِمَاع: or, as others say, الجَمَاع itself [if the question put to her were the last mentioned above]. (M, L.) b4: ساودهُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) He acted deceitfully, or guilefully, with him: (K:) or he endeavoured to turn him [to a thing] by blandishment, or by deceitful arts; or to entice him; as shown above. (TA.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) He drove him away; namely, a lion. (O, K.) b6: And ساودت الإِبِلُ النَّبَاتَ (assumed tropical:) The camels laboured at the herbage with their lips, and could not master it, because of its shortness (O, K) and its scantiness. (K.) 4 أَسَادَ and أَسْوَدَ He begat a boy that was a سَيِّد [or chief, lord, &c.]: (S, O, K:) or they signify, (O, K,) or signify also, (S,) he begat a black boy: (S, O, K:) or he had a black child born to him: (M:) and اسودت she brought forth black children. (A.) 5 تسوّد He became married: (K:) or he became married, and master of a house, or tent. (Sh, O.) See 2, second sentence.8 إِسْتَوَدَ see 1. b2: استادوا بَنِى فُلَانٍ They slew the سَيِّد [or chief, lord, &c.,] of the sons of such a one: (Az, S, M, O, K:) or (so in the K, but in the S and O “ and in like manner ”) they took him captive: (S, O, K:) or they asked, or demanded, of him a woman in marriage. (IAar, S, M, O, K.) And استاد القَوْمَ, and فِى القَوْمِ, and مِنْهُمْ, He asked, or demanded, in marriage, a سَيِّدَة [or woman of rank or quality], among the people: (M:) or استاد فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ, and مِنْهُمْ, he married one of the chief, or noble, women of the sons of such a one. (IAar, O.) And استاد He married among سَادَة [or chiefs, lords, &c.]. (L.) 9 اسوّد, (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. اِسْوِدَادٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ اسوادّ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. اِسوِيدَادٌ; (S, K;) and in poetry it is allowable to say ↓ اِسْوَأَدَّ, to avoid the concurrence of two quiescent letters; imperative [of ↓ the second] اِسْوَادِدْ, and the last two letters in this may be incorporated together [so that you may say اِسْوَادّ]; (S;) said of a thing; (S, Msb;) and ↓ سَوِدَ, (S, M, Msb,) said of a man, (S, TA,) and of a thing, (TA,) aor. ـْ (Msb;) and ↓ سَادَ, (M,) first Pers\. سُدْتُ, a form used by some; (S;) It, and he, became أَسْوَد [i. e. black]: (S, M, Msb, K:) and ↓ اسوادّ it, or he, became intensely so. (TA.) Nuseyb says, فَلَمْ أَمْلِكْ سَوَادِى وَتَحْتَهُ ↓ سَوِدْتُ قَمِيصٌ مِنَ القُوهِىِّ بِيضٌ بَنَائِقُهْ [I am black, (for Nuseyb was a slave,) and am not master of my person; but beneath it, or within it, is a shirt like the cloth of Koohistán, the gores of which are white: by this قميص he means his heart; القَمِيصُ, or قَمِيصُ القَلْبِ, tropically meaning “ the pericardium; ” and, by a synecdoche, “the heart itself, with its appertenances ”]. (S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] اسودّ وَجْهُهُ [lit. His face became black: meaning] (tropical:) his face became expressive of grief, or sorrow, or displeasure, occasioned by fear [&c.]: (Bd in iii. 102:) he became grieved, sorrowful, or displeased; and confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course, by reason of shame, or in consequence of a deed that he had done (Bd in xvi. 60) [&c.: and often meaning he became disgraced]: opposed to اِبْيَضَّ. (Bd in iii. 102.) 11 إِسْوَاْدَّ see 9, in three places. Q. Q. 4 اِسْوَأَدَّ: see 9, first sentence.

سَوْدٌ A سَفْح (M, K, TA) of a mountain, (M, TA,) [app. meaning, in this case, a low tract at the base, or foot, of a mountain,] forming a narrow strip of ground, (M, TA,) rough and black, (M,) or level, abounding with black stones, (K, TA,) which are rough, and the predominant colour whereof is blackness; seldom found but at a mountain in which is a mine: so says Lth: or a piece of ground in which are black rough stones resembling dry human dung: (TA:) or land, or ground, in which blackness predominates, which is seldom anywhere but at a mountain in which is a mine: (Msb:) pl. أَسْوَادٌ: (M, TA:) and ↓ سَوْدَةٌ signifies a portion thereof; (M, Msb, K, TA;) and the pl. of this is سَوْدَاتٌ, and the pl. of سَوْدَاتٌ is ↓ أَسْوَادَتٌ, which occurs in a trad. (TA.) سُودٌ: see سُودَدٌ.

سَيْدٌ a contraction of سَيِّدٌ, q. v.

سِيدٌ: see art. سيد.

سَوْدَةٌ: see سَوْدٌ b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Land in which are palm-trees: opposed to بَيْضَةٌ. (TA in art. بيض.

[See also السَّوْدَآء, voce أَسْوَدُ, near the end.]) سُودَدٌ a subst. from سَادَ, inf. n. سِيَادَةٌ; signifying [The rank, station, or condition, or the quality or qualities, of a سَيِّد; i. e. chiefdom, lordship, mastery, &c.; or] glory, honour, dignity, (Msb,) or eminence, exalted or elevated state, or nobility: (M, Msb:) or this word, (S, M, K,) and its vars.

سُودُدٌ and سُؤْدَدٌ (M, TA) and سُؤْدُدٌ, (M, K,) of the dial. of Teiyi, (M,) and ↓ سُوِدٌ, (M, K,) are syn. with سِيَادَةٌ (S, M, K) and سَيْدُودَةٌ as inf. ns. of سَادَ [q. v.]. (S, M.) سَوْدَآءُ fem. of أَسْوَدُ [q. v.]. (Msb.) سَوْدَانَةٌ or سُودَانَةٌ: see سُودَانِيَّةٌ.

سِيدَانَةٌ: see سِيدٌ, in art. سيد.

سُودَانِيَّةٌ, (M, A, TA,) or سَوْدَانِيَّةٌ, (Mgh, O,) and ↓ سَوْدَانَةٌ, (M, O,) or سُودَانَةٌ, with damm, like the first, (TA,) and ↓ سَوَادِيَّةٌ (A, K) and ↓ أَسْوَدُ (K) all signify the same; (TA;) A certain bird, that eats grapes: or i. q. عُصْفُورٌ [i. e. the sparrow; or a bird of the passerine kind]: (K:) or a certain small bird, (A, Mgh, O, TA,) having a long tail, (Mgh,) resembling the عصفور, (TA,) sometimes (Mgh) called also ↓ العُصْفُورُ الأَسْوَدُ, (Mgh, O,) of such a size that it may be grasped in the hand, that eats grapes (A, Mgh, O, TA) and dates (A, TA) and locusts. (Mgh, O, TA.) سَوَادٌ Blackness; contr. of بَيَاضٌ; (M, Mgh;) a certain colour, (S, Msb,) well known. (Msb.) One says, لَقِيَهُ فِى سَوَادِ اللَّيْلِ [He met him in the blackness of night]. (TA.) And الشَّاةُ تَمْشِى فِى

سَوَادٍ وَتَأْكُلُ فِى سَوَادٍ وَتَنْظُرُ فِى سَوَادٍ [The sheep, or goat, walks in blackness, and eats in blackness, and looks in blackness]; meaning the blackness of its legs and of its mouth and of what is around its eyes. (Mgh, * Msb.) And إِذَا كَثُرَ البَيَاضُ قَلَّ السَّوَادُ [When whiteness becomes much, blackness becomes little]; by whiteness meaning milk; and by blackness, dates. (TA.) b2: Black clothing. (Mgh in art. بيض. [See its contr.

بَيَاضٌ.]) b3: [Hence,] سَوَادُ القَلْبِ (S, M, A, K) and ↓ سَوَادَتُهُ (M) and ↓ أَسْوَدُهُ and ↓ سَوْدَاؤُهُ (S, M, K) and ↓ سُوَيْدَاؤُهُ, (S, M, A, K,) the last a dim., (TA,) The heart's core; the black, or inner, part of the heart: or a black thing in the heart: or the black clot of blood that is within the heart [resembling a piece of liver (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán ”)]: or the heart's blood: i. q. حَبَّتُهُ: (S, M, K, TA:) or, as some say, دَمُهُ. (M, TA.) One says, اِجْعَلْهُمْ فِى سَوَادِ قَلْبِكَ (A, TA) and ↓ سُوَيْدَائِهِ (A) (tropical:) [Place them in the inmost part of thy heart; i. e. give them the best, or most intimate, place in thy affections]. (A, TA.) b4: سَوَادُ البَطْنِ signifies The liver. (L, TA.) b5: سَوادٌ is also syn. with شَخْصٌ (tropical:) [as meaning A person; and also, in a more general sense, a bodily, or corporeal, form or figure or substance]; (A'Obeyd, S, M, A, Msb, K;) of a man, and of other things; (Msb;) expressly said by A'Obeyd to be of any article of household goods or utensils and furniture and the like, and of other things: (M:) because appearing black when seen from a distance: (TA:) pl. أَسْوِدَةٌ and أَسَاوِدُ, (S, M, A,) the latter a pl. pl. (S, M.) El-Asshà says, تَنَاهَيْتُمُ عَنَّا وَقَدْ كَانَ فِيكُمُ

أَسَاوِدُ صَرْعَى لَمْ يُوَسَّدْ قَتِيلُهَا [Ye refrained from retaliating upon us when there were among you prostrate persons the slain whereof had not been pillowed in graves]: by the اساود meaning the شُخُوص of the slain. (S.) And it is said in a trad., إِذَا رَأَى أَحَدُكُمْ سَوَادًا بِلَيْلٍ فَلَا يَكُنْ أَجْبَنَ السَّوَادَيْنِ فَإِنَّهُ يَخَافُكَ كَمَا تَخَافُهُ [When any one of you sees a bodily form, or a person, by night, let him not be the more cowardly of the two bodily forms, or persons; for he feareth thee, like as thou fearest him]: سوادا here meaning شَخْصًا. (L.) The saying لَا يُزَايِلُ سَوَادِى بَيَاضَكَ is expl. by As as meaning لَا يُزايِلُ شَخْصِى شَخْصَكَ [i. e. My person will not separate itself from thy person]: سَوَادٌ, with the Arabs, meaning شَخْصٌ, and in like manner بَيَاضٌ. (IAar, L.) [Hence, app.,] قَالَ لِىَ الشَّرُّ أَقِمْ سَوَادَكَ [as though lit. signifying Evil said to me, Erect thy person]; meaning (assumed tropical:) be thou patient: a prov. (TA.) b6: As its pl. أَسَاوِدُ means the شُخُوص of the vessels of a house, [accord. to the statement of A'Obeyd cited above,] such as the مِطْهَرَة and the إِجَّانَة and the جَفْنَة, these being called أَسَاوِدُ الدَّارِ, it is also used as meaning (assumed tropical:) Household goods or utensils or furniture and the like, absolutely. (Har p. 495.) [And in like manner] the sing. is also used as meaning (assumed tropical:) The travelling-apparatus and baggage and train (ثَقَل) of a commander: (S:) and (assumed tropical:) the tents and apparatus and beasts and other things, collectively, of an army. (TA.) b7: Also, the sing., (assumed tropical:) Property, or cattle, &c.; syn. مَالٌ: (Aboo-Málik, TA:) or much thereof; (A'Obeyd, S, K;) as in the saying لِفُلَانٍ سَوَادٌ [To such a one belongs much property, &c.]. (A'Obeyd, S.) b8: Also (tropical:) A collection, company, or collective body, of men; (M, A, L;) as in the saying كَثَّرْتُ سَوَادَ القَوْمِ بِسَوَادِى (tropical:) [I increased the number of the collective body of the people, or party, by my person]: (A, TA:) and ↓ أًسْوَدَاتٌ and أَسَاوِدُ are used in the same sense; (M;) or [rather] as pls. of this meaning: (L, TA:) or all these as meaning (assumed tropical:) sundry, distinct or separate, sorts of men, or people: (M:) [but] سَوَادُ المُسْلِمِينَ means (assumed tropical:) the collective body of the Muslims: (Mgh, Msb:) and so السَّوَادُ الأَعْظَمُ, a tropical phrase [in which مِنَ المُسْلِمِينَ is understood]: (A:) or this means (tropical:) the great number of the Muslims agreed in obedience to the Imám. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) The commonalty, or generality, of men of people: (S, K:) (assumed tropical:) the bulk, or main part, of a people: (M, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) the greater number. (Msb.) And (assumed tropical:) A great number (S, Msb, K) of any kind. (S.) b9: (assumed tropical:) A collection of palmtrees and of trees in general; on account of their greenness and blackness, because greenness nearly resembles blackness. (M, L.) b10: And (tropical:) The rural district of any province; i. e. the district around the towns or villages, and the رَسَاتِيق [i. e. districts of sown fields with towns or villages], of any province: (M, TA:) or the environs, consisting of towns, or villages, and of cultivated land, (A, TA,) [but more properly applied to the latter than to the former,] of a city, (A,) or of the chief city of a province: (TA:) or the towns, or villages, [but properly with the cultivated lands pertaining to them,] of a province of city: (K:) thus [particularly] of El-Koofeh and El-Basrah: (S, O:) hence, (A,) سَوَادُ العِرَاقِ, (A, Mgh, O, Msb,) or [simply] السَّوَادُ, (K,) the district of towns or villages, and cultivated lands, of El-'Irák; (O, K; *) or the district between ElBasrah and El-Koofeh, with the towns, or villages, around them; (A;) or extending in length from Hadeethet El-Mowsil to 'Abbádán, and in breadth from El-'Odheyb to Holwán; (Mgh;) so called because of the خُضْرَة [which means both greenness and a colour approaching to blackness] of its trees and its seed-produce; (Mgh, Msb;) for that which is أَخْضَر the Arabs term أَسْوَد because it appears to be thus at a distance. (Msb.) سُوَادٌ Secret speech with another; as also سِوَادٌ: (M, K, TA:) each a subst. from سَاوَدَهُ, accord. to A'Obeyd: (M, TA:) but [ISd says,] in my opinion the latter is the inf. n. of سَاوَدَ, [and as such it has been mentioned above, (see 3,)] and the former is the simple subst., the two words being like مُزَاحٌ and مِزَاحٌ: (M:) As disallowed the former, but it is authorized by AO and others. (TA.) A2: Also A certain disease incident to sheep or goats. (K.) b2: And A certain disease incident to man; (K;) a pain that attacks the liver, in consequence of eating dates, and that sometimes, or often, kills. (M, TA.) b3: And A yellowness in the complexion, and a greenness (خُضْرَة [app. here meaning a blackish hue inclining to greenness]) in the nail, (K, TA,) incident to people from [drinking] salt water. (TA.) سَيِّدٌ, (S, M, K, &c.,) of the measure فَعِيلٌ; [originally سَوِيدٌ, for a reason to be mentioned below; the kesreh upon the و, being deemed difficult of pronunciation, is suppressed, and the quiescent و and ى thus coming thgether, the latter receives the rejected kesreh, and the و is changed into ى and incorporated into the augmentative ى; as in the case of جَيِّدٌ with those who hold it to be originally جَوِيدٌ;] or, accord. to the Basrees, it is of the measure فَيْعِلٌ; [originally سَيْوِدٌ;] (S;) and also ↓ سَيْدٌ; (Mz, 40th نوع, section on the class of هَيِّنٌ and هَيْنٌ;) A chief, lord, or master: (M, L, Mgh, Msb: [accord. to the last of which, this is a secondary signification, as will be seen below:]) a prince, or king: (Fr, L:) one who is set before, or over, others: a master of a household: (L:) a woman's husband: (Fr, M, Msb:) a possessor, an owner, or a proprietor: (L, Msb:) a slave's master, or owner: (Fr, M, Msb:) a superior in rank or station or condition; one possessing pre-eminence or excel-lence; a man of rank or quality; a personage; a man of distinction: (L:) one who surpasses others in intelligence and property, and in repelling injury, and in beneficence, or usefulness, who makes a just use of his property, and aids others by himself: (ISh, L:) one possessed of glory, honour, dignity, eminence, exalted or elevated state, or nobility; (L, Msb; [accord. to the latter of which, this is the primary signification;]) generous, noble, or high-born: (L:) the most generous, noble, or high-born, of a people: (Msb:) a liberal, bountiful, or munificent, person: (Fr, L:) clement; forbearing; one who endures injurious treatment from his people: (L:) devout, abstaining from unlawful things, and clement, or forbearing: (Katádeh, L:) one who is not overcome by his anger: ('Ikrimeh, L:) accord. to As, the Arabs say that it signifies any one who is subdued, or repressed, by his principle of clemency, or forbearance: (L:) and ↓ سَائِدٌ signifies the same as سَيِّدٌ: or one inferior to a سَيِّد: (K:) or, accord. to Fr, one says, هٰذَا سَيِّدُ قَوْمِهِ اليَوْمَ [this is the lord, &c., of his people today]; but if you announce that he will be their سيّد after a little while, you say هُوَ سَائِدُ قَوْمِهِ عَنْ قَلِيلٍ, and سَيِّدُ: (S:) the fem. of سَيِّدٌ [and of ↓ سَائِدٌ] is with ة: (M, L, Msb:) pl. of سَيِّدٌ, (S, Msb,) or of ↓ سَائِدٌ, (M, K,) سَادَةٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and سَيَائِدُ (S, K) and [pl. of سَادَةٌ] سَادَاتٌ: (Msb:) [J says that] سَادَةٌ is of the measure فَعَلَةٌ, [orinally سَوَدَةٌ,] because سَيِّدٌ is of the measure فَعِيلٌ; [as has been before mentioned;] and it is like سَرَاةٌ as pl. of سَرِىٌّ, the only other instance of the kind; this being shown to be the case by the fact that سَيِّدٌ has also as a pl. سَيَائِدُ, with ء, [and with the و changed into ى because it is so changed in the sing.,] like as أَفِيلٌ has أَفَائِلُ, and like as تَبِيعٌ has تَبَائِعُ; but the Basrees, who hold سَيِّدٌ to be of the measure فَيْعِلٌ, say that it becomes of the measure فَعَلَةٌ in the pl. as though it were سَائِدٌ, like قَائِدٌ, which has قَادَةٌ as a pl., and like ذَائِدٌ, which has ذَادَةٌ as a pl.; and they also say that سَيَائِدُ, with ء, as pl. of سَيِّدٌ, is contr. to analogy; for by rule it should be without ء. (S.) b2: [In the present day it is also particularly applied to signify, like شَرِيف, Any descendant of the Prophet.] b3: One of the poets has used it in relation to the jinn, or genii; saying, يَنْدُبْنَ سَيِّدَهُنَّةْ جِنٌّ هَبَبْنَ بِلَيْلٍ

[Genii that were roused from their sleep by night, summoning, or perhaps bewailing and eulogizing their chief]: Akh says that this is a well-known verse of the poetry of the Arabs: but it is asserted by one, or more, likewise deserving of reliance, that it is of the poetry of El-Weleed [and therefore post-classical]. (M.) b4: And the wild ass is called (assumed tropical:) the سَيِّد of his female. (TA.) b5: Also, (Ks, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ سِيَّدٌ, (K,) the latter on the authority of Aboo-'Alee, (TA,) applied to a he-goat, (assumed tropical:) Advanced in years: (Ks, S, M; Mgh, Msb, K:) or in its third year: (Mgh:) or great, though not advanced in years: (TA:) or it is of general application, for it occurs in a trad. applied to the camel and the ox-kind. (M, TA.) b6: And the former also signifies (assumed tropical:) What is most eminent, exalted, or noble, of any things: and is applied by Zj to the Kur-án, because, he says, it is سَيِّدُ الكَلَامِ (assumed tropical:) [The paragon of speech]. (M.) سِيَّدٌ: see the last sentence but one above.

سُوَيْدٌ the abbreviated dim. of أَسْوَدُ: (S, Mgh, Msb:) see the latter. b2: Also [as a subst., or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates,] Water; (M, Mgh, L;) as also ↓ أَسْوَدُ: (M: [but see الأَسْوَدَانِ, voce أَسْوَدُ:]) the former is [said to be] used in this sense in negative phrases only: (M, L:) one says, مَاسَقَاهُمْ مِنْ سُوَيْدٍ قَطْرَةً He gave them not to drink a drop of water. (M, Mgh, * L.) b3: أُمُّ سُوَيْدٍ means The anus; syn. الاِسْتُ; (K;) [and] so ↓ السُّوَيْدَآءُ. (M.) سَوَادَةُ القَلْبِ: see سَوَادٌ, near the beginning of the paragraph.

سُوَادِىٌّ [or perhaps سَوَادِىٌّ, i. e. “ belonging to the Sawád of El-'Irák,”] i. q. سِهْرِيزٌ (M) A wellknown sort of dates, (K voce سهريز,) found in abundance at El-Basrah. (TA ibid.) سَوَادِيَّةٌ: see سُودَانِيَّةٌ.

سُوَيْدَآءُ dim. of سُوْدَآءُ, fem. of أَسْوَدُ, q. v.: (Mgh:) b2: see also سَوَادٌ, in two places: b3: and سُوَيْدٌ: b4: and أَسْوَدُ, near the end of the paragraph. b5: Also A certain bird. (M.) b6: And Salt tracts (سِبَاخ) of [plants of the kind called] نَجِيل: Kr explains it by نِبْتَةٌ [app. a mistranscription for نَبْتَةٌ a plant]; without describing it. (M.) سَائِدٌ: see سَيِّدٌ, in the middle of the paragraph, in three places.

أَسْوَدُ Greater, and greatest, in respect of estimation, rank, or dignity; syn. أَجَلُّ: (S, K:) and, as some say, more [and most] liberal or bountiful or munificent: or more [and most] clement or forbearing. (TA.) One says, هُوَ أَسْوَدُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ He is greater &c. (أَجَلُّ) than such a one. (S.) And الأَسْوَدُ مِنَ القَوْمِ means The greatest &c. (الأَجَلُّ) of the people, or party. (K, TA.) A2: Also Black; i. e. having سَوَاد, (M, * Mgh,) which is the contr. of بَيَاض: (M, Mgh:) and ↓ أَسْوَدِىٌّ signifies the same as أَسْوَدُ: (Ham p.

379:) [or has an intensive signification, like أَحْمَرىٌّ:] the fem. of أَسْوَدُ is سَوْدَآءُ: (Mgh, Msb:) the dim. of أَسْوَدُ is ↓ أُسَيِّدُ, (S, Msb,) and it is allowable to say ↓ أُسَيْوِدُ, [as is shown by an ex. voce أَسَكُّ,] meaning [a little black thing; or blackish, or] approaching to black; (S;) and the abbreviated dim. is ↓ سُوَيْدٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb:) the dim. of سَوْدَآءُ is ↓ سُوَيْدَآءُ: (Mgh:) the pl. of أَسْوَدُ (M, Msb) and of سَوْدَآءُ (Msb) is سُودٌ (M, Msb) and سُودَانٌ [which latter is especially applied to human beings]. (M.) السُّودَانُ is said in the R to denote [The negroes;] that particular people, or race, who are the most stinking of mankind in the armpits and sweat, and the more so those who are eunuchs. (TA.) [It (i. e. السودان) is also sometimes used for أَرْضُ السُّودَانِ, or بِلَادُ السُّودَانِ, (The land, or the country, of the negroes,) or the like: it is thus used in the TA voce سَمْغَرَةُ.] and the epithet أَسْوَدُ is also applied by the Arabs to a thing that is أَخْضَر [i. e. green]; because it appears to be thus at a distance. (Msb. [See أَخْضَرُ: and see حَدِيقَةٌ دَهْمَآءُ and مُدْهَامَّةٌ, voce أَدْهَمُ.]) b2: [Hence,] أَسْوَدُ القَلْبِ and سَوْدَآؤُهُ: see سَوَادٌ. b3: [And السَّوْدَآءُ The black bile; one of the four humours of the body; of which the others are the yellow bile (الصَّفْرَآءُ), the blood (الدَّمُ), and the phlegm (البَلْغَمُ).] b4: أَسْوَدُ as opposed to أَحْمَرُ [and meaning The Arab race, and also, accord. to some, in this case also, the black]: see أَحْمَرُ, in two places. b5: As applied to a certain bird: see سُودَانِيَّةٌ, in two places. b6: Also, as a subst., (S,) or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, (Sh, M,) so that it is used as a subst., (Sh, TA,) but imperfectly decl., (TA,) (tropical:) A great serpent, (S, M, K,) in which is blackness: (S, M:) the worst and greatest and most noxious of serpents, than which there is none more daring, for sometimes it opposes itself to a company of travellers, and follows the voice, and it is that which seeks retaliation, and he who is bitten by it will not escape death: (Sh, TA:) it is pluralized as a subst., (Sh, S, M,) its pl. being

أَسَاوِدُ (S, M) and أَسَاوِيدُ and ↓ أَسْوَدَاتٌ: (M:) were it an epithet [used as such], its pl. would be سُودٌ: it is also called أَسْوَدُ سَالِحٌ, because it casts off its slough every year: you do not say أَسْوَدُ سَالِخٍ: (S:) the female is called ↓ أَسْوَدَةٌ, (S, M,) which is extr.; (M;) and to this the epithet سَالِخَةٌ is not applied. (S.) b7: الأَسْوَدَانِ means (assumed tropical:) The serpent and the scorpion; (Sh, Mgh, Msb, K;) which are to be killed during prayer: (Sh, Mgh, Msb:) so called by the attribution of predominance [to the former]. (Sh, TA.) b8: and (tropical:) Dates and water; (El-Ahmar, As, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) both together being thus called by a term which properly applies to one only, [accord. to some,] for [they say that] الأَسْوَدُ alone signifies dates, not water, and especially, or mostly, the dates of El-Medeeneh; and in like manner, Aboo-Bekr and 'Omar together are called العُمَرَانِ; and the sun and the moon together, القَمَرَانِ: (TA:) or, as some say, it means water and milk; and is applied by a rájiz to water and the herb called الفَثّ, of [the grain of] which bread is made, and is eaten [in time of dearth or drought]. (M, L.) See also سُوَيْدٌ. b9: Also (assumed tropical:) The حَرَّة [or tract strewn with black and crumbling stones] and night: (S, M, L:) so called because of their blackness. (M, L.) A party came as guests to Muzebbid El-Medenee, and he said to them, “There is nothing for you with us but the أَسْوَدَانِ: ” and they replied, “Verily therein is a sufficiency: dates and water: ” but he said, “ I meant not that: I only meant the حَرَّة and the night. ” (S, M.) And as to the saying of 'Áïsheh, that she was with the Prophet when they had no food, but only the أَسْوَدَانِ, which is expl. by the lexicologists as meaning dates and water, [and thus by Mtr in the Mgh, ISd says,] in my opinion she only meant the حَرَّة and night. (M.) b10: هُوَ أَسْوَدُ الكَبِدِ [lit. He is black-livered] means (tropical:) he is an enemy: (A, TA:) and سُودُ الأَكْبَادِ means (tropical:) enemies. (M, A.) b11: You say also, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ بِغَنَمِهِ سُودَ البُطُونِ, and, in like manner, حُمْرَ الكُلَى, both meaning (tropical:) Such a one brought his sheep, or goats, in a lean, or an emaciated, state. (As, S, and A in art. حمر.) b12: and رَمَى بِسَهْمِهِ الأَسْوَدِ (tropical:) He shot with his lucky arrow, (A, K,) that was smeared with blood, (A,) by means of which he looked for good fortune, (K, TA,) because he had shot with it and hit the object shot at, (TA,) or as though it were black (K, TA) with blood, (TA,) or by its having been much handled. (K, TA.) b13: and كَلَّمْتُهُ فَمَا رَدَّ عَلَىَّ سَوْدَآءَ وَلَا بَيْضَآءَ (tropical:) I spoke to him, and he did not return to me a bad word nor a good one: (S, L:) or a single word. (A.) b14: وَطْأَةٌ سَوْدَآءُ means (assumed tropical:) A footstep, or footprint, that is becoming effaced: a recent one is termed حَمْرَآءُ. (S.) b15: السَّوْدَآءُ (assumed tropical:) Cultivated, or planted, land; opposed to البَيْضَآءُ [q. v.]. (TA in art. بيض.

[See also سَوْدَةٌ.]) b16: [But سَنَةٌ سَوْدَآءُ means (assumed tropical:) A very severe year; more severe than such as is termed حَمْرَآءُ; which is more severe than the بَيْضآء, and still more so than the شَهْبَآء: see arts. شهب and حمر.] b17: الحَبَّةُ السَّوْدَآءُ, said in a trad. to be a remedy for every disease except death, (TA,) i. q. الشُّونِيزُ [q. v.], (K,) as also ↓ السُّوَيْدَآءُ, (TA,) [i. e.] this latter signifies حَبَّةُ الشُّونِيزِ, (M,) or properly الشِّينِيز, for thus the Arabs called it accord. to IAar: or, as some say, i. q. الحَبَّةُ الخَضْرَآءُ [q. v. in art. حب], because the Arabs [often] call black أَخْضَر, and green أَسْوَد. (TA.) A3: It is also used as an epithet denoting excess; but as such is anomalous, being formed from a verb whence the simple epithet is of the measure أَفْعَلُ: so in the saying, أَسْوَدُ مِنْ حَلَكِ الغُرَابِ [Blacker than the blackness, or intense blackness, of the crow, or raven: see حَلَكٌ]. (I'Ak p. 237. [See also its contr. أَبْيَضُ, voce بَيَاضٌ; and see Har p. 286.]) أَسْوَدَةٌ fem. of أَسْوَدُ, q. v., used as a subst. (S, M.) أَسْوَدَاتٌ: see سَوْدٌ: b2: and سَوَادٌ: b3: and أَسْوَدُ.

أَسْوَدِىٌّ: see أَسْوَدُ, fourth sentence.

أُسَيْدِىٌّ, rel. n. of أُسَيِّدُ with the movent ى rejected, Of, or relating to, [a blackish colour, or] a colour approaching to black. (S.) أُسَيِّدُ and أُسَيْوِدُ: see أًسْوَدُ, fourth sentence.

مِسَادٌ, A skin for clarified butter, or for honey. (TA in this art. [See also art. مسد; and see مِسْأَدٌ, in art سأد.]) مَسُودٌ One over whom rule, or dominion, is exercised; or of whom another is سَيِّد [or chief, lord, master, &c.]. (TA.) مُسْوِدٌ [act. part. n. of أَسْوَدَ, q. v.:] with ة, i. e. مُسْوِدَةٌ, A woman who brings forth black children: the contr. is termed مُبْيِضَةٌ, (Fr, K in art. بيض,) or, more commonly, مُوضِحَةٌ. (O and TA in that art.) مَآءٌ مَسْوَدَةٌ Water that is a cause of [the disease called] سُوَاد (M, K, TA) to such as drink it. (TA.) ظّلَّ وَجْهُهُ مُسْوَدًّا, in the Kur [xvi. 60 and xliii.

16], means (assumed tropical:) [His face becomes, or continues, or continues all the day,] expressive of sorrow, or displeasure. (Mgh. [See the verb, 9.]) and أَيَّامٌ مُسْوَدَّةٌ means (assumed tropical:) [Days of] evil state or condition, and hardness, or difficulty, of living. (Har p. 304.) b2: [مُسْوَدَّةٌ The first draught, or original copy, of a book, or the like: (not called مُسَوَّدَةٌ:) opposed to مُبْيَضَّةٌ, q. v.: probably postclassical.]

مُسَوَّدٌ Guts (مُصْرَان) containing blood drawn by venesection from a she-camel, bound at the head, roasted and eaten. (IAar and K as expl. by MF.) المُسَوِّدَةُ The partisans of the dynasty of the 'Abbásees; [so called because they made their clothes black;] opposed to the مُبَيِّضَة. (S and K in art. بيض.) مَسْؤُودٌ part. n. of سُئِدُ. (K. [See 1, last signification.])