قض

ى1 قَضَى He finished a thing entirely, by word, or by deed. This is the primary meaning. (Bd, ii. 111.) By word, as in وَقَضَى رَبُّكَ (Idem, ibid.) And thy Lord hath commanded decisively. (Idem, xvii. 24.) And by deed, as in فَقَضَاهُنَّ سَبْعَ سَمٰوَاتٍ [Kur, xli. 11, And he completed them seven heavens]. (Idem, ii. 11.) b2: And He (God) desired a thing so as to necessitate its being. (Idem, ii. 11.) b3: إِذَا قَضَى أَمْرًا, [Kur, ii. 111,] When He (God) desireth a thing to be. (Bd, Jel.) b4: [Thus it signifies He decreed a thing; ordained it; pronounced it; or decided it judicially.] b5: قَضَى عَلَيْهِ, aor. قَضِىَ

, inf. n. قَضَآءٌ &c., He decided judicially, or judged, against him; and بَيْنَ الخَصْمَيْنِ between the two litigants. (TA.) See قَدْرٌ. b6: [He completed; accomplished; or fully performed; a thing.] b7: قَضَى He attained, or obtained, or accomplished, his want. (Msb.) b8: [He paid, discharged, or satisfied, a debt, due, claim, or demand.] b9: قَضَيْتُهُ حَقَّهُ I gave him [or paid him] his due, (Msb,) fully. (Har, p. 22.) b10: قَضَى عَنْهُ (S, K, in art. جزى, &c.) He, or it, payed; or made, or gave, or rendered, satisfaction; for him. (TK in that art.) And followed by شَيْئًا [He paid a thing for him, or in his stead; gave, or rendered, it as a satisfaction; lit. and fig.] (S, TA in that art., and Bd in ii. 45.) See جَزَى عَنْهُ; and see a verse cited voce دَانَ, in art. دين. b11: He finished doing a thing: he finished his prayer. (TA.) He performed, fulfilled, or accomplished, the pilgrimage, syn. أَدَّى, (Msb,) and the religions rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage, (Bd, Jel in ii. 196,) syn. قَضَىَ بِهِ. (Jel, ibid, Msb.) b12: You also say, حَكَمَ بِهِ He decreed it; &c.; like حَكَمَ بِهِ: see an ex. voce سُلْطَانٌ. b13: قَوْلُهُ مَمَّا يَقْضِى العَجَبَ [His saying such a thing is of the things that induce wonder in the utmost degree]. (TA in art. جلب.) See Har, p. 22. b14: وَقَضَيْنَا إِلَى بَنِى إِسرائِيلَ (Kur, xvii. 4): see إِلَى. b15: قَضُوَ: see غَزُوَ, and هَيُؤَ, and بُطُآنَ; and see طَمُعَ in the S.3 قَاضَاهُ He cited him before a judge. (TA.) 5 تَقَضَّىَ see 7.6 تَقاَضَاهُ الدَّيْنَ He took, or received, from him the debt. (M, K.) b2: See 10. b3: and see تَشَارَيَا. 7 انقضى and ↓ تقضّى

It passed away; came to an end, or to nought; became cut off. (K, TA.) 8 اِقْتَضَى كَذَا It required such a thing: it required the inference of such a thing: it necessarily implied, or involved, such a thing as its consequence or concomitant; it required such a thing to be conceded; it necessitated such a thing. b2: اِقْتَضَاهُ حَقَّهُ He demanded of him his due. (MA.) b3: إِقْتَضَيْتُ مِنْهُ حَقِّى

I took, or received, from him my due. (Mgh, Msb.) 10 اِسْتَقْضَيْتَهُ I demanded of him the giving [or payment] of my due, (Msb, K, *) or debt; (K;) and in like manner دَيْنِى ↓ تَقَاضَيْتُهُ and بِدَيْنِى. (Mgh.) قَضَآءٌ a term of the law; opposed to أَدَآءٌ, which see: and see an ex. cited voce صَحَّ. b2: A decree; an ordinance; a sentence, or a judicial decision. See عُودٌ, حُكْمٌ and دِينٌ. b3: قَضَآءٌ The exercise of the office of a kádee. [You say]

القَضَآءُ جَمْرٌ [meaning, the exercise of the office of a Kádee is one that often leads to hell]. (L, art. عود.) قَضِيَّةٌ A thing; an affair; a matter; a case; an event; an action: significations well known, but not found by me in any classical writing, nor in any lexicon, excepting as implied when the word is used in explanations: syn. أَمْرٌ and شَأْنٌ. b2: A case of law. (L in art. جهد.) b3: قَضِيَّةٌ كُلِّيَّةٌ [A universal or general prescript, rule, or canon]. (Kull, voce قَاعِدَة, p. 290; KT, in explanation of the same word.) b4: قَضِيَّةٌ in logic, A proposition.

مُقْتَضَى

[Exigence.] b2: مُقْتَضَى اللَّفْظِ That which the word, or expression, indicates. (ElFárábee, Msb, voce مُعْنًى.)

قضى: قضى. قضى به: يقال قضى الأمر فجاء به، أي جمع بين شيئين. (ويجرز ص40، ص135 رقم 207، عباد 2: 63).
قضى بحقه: أبدى له كل مظاهر الاحترام التي يستحقها. (فريتاج طرائف ص50).
قضى: أدى الدين. ويقال أيضا قضى ل (أماري ديب ص35).
قضى: أدى ما عليه من فرائض دينية كان قد أهملها بعد مضي وقتها (معجم البلاذري).
قضى (بالتشديد): أدى الدين. (فوك).
قضى وكفى، يقال مثلا: هذا يقضيني أي هذا يكفيني (بوشر).
قضى: احتل، يقال مثلا: هذا يقضيه موضع صغير أي هذا يحتل موضعا صغيرا. (بوشر).
قاضى. قاضي فلانا: عقد معاهدة واتفاقا معه. (معجم البلاذري). وفي كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص218): فلما امتنع الفهري بغرناطة واضطره الأمير عبد الرحمن رحمه الله إلى النزول واشتراط بحضور القاضي يحيى فحضر وكتب في كتاب المقاضاة وذلك بمحضر يحيى بن يزيد قاضي الجماعة.
أقضى: أدى الدين. (فوك).
أقضى: فاوض، تفاوض، (الكالا).
تقضى. تقضى الوقت: مر، مضى. ففي المقري (1:310): أيام تقضت بروضة. وفيه (1: 311): عصر لنا تقضى بالسد- (المقري 1: 705).
تقضى: أدى الدين. (فوك).
تقضى: بمعنى قضى وقضى. ففي ويجرز (ص22):
ألا هل إلى الزهراء أوبة نارنج ... تقضت مبانيها مدامعه نزحا.
تقاى. تقاضيا: عقدا معاهدة. (معجم البلاذري).
انقضى. انقضى على: آل إلى، انتهى إلى. ففي القلائد (مخطوطة 1، 1: 194): لا تفعل شيئا حتى هذا المساء وعندئذ أخبرك ما تنقضي عليه القضية.
وفي المطبوع من القلائد (ص118): تنبني.
انقضى دينه: مات. (وك) وهذا كما تقول بالفرنسية: أدى دينه إلى الطبيعة والفطرة ..
انقضى الشيء: فني وانصرم. والعبارة التي نقلها فريتاج مأخوذة من طرائف دي ساسي (2: 65).
اقتضى: تطلب، توخى. (بوشر).
اقتضى: صار لابد منه، ولا غنى عنه. وفي محيط المحيط اقتضى الأمر الوجوب دل عليه، واقتضى الحال كذا استدعاه واستوجبه. وفي طرائف دي ساسي (1: 114): كان حنفيا ثم تحول شافعيا بعد مدة لأمر اقتضى ذلك. وفيها (1: 143): كان عرض له أمر اقتضى له الخروج من عدن إلى برعجم. وفيها (2: 401): وقد اشتملت هذه الأبيات على ما يقتضي الكشف عنه، أي قد اشتملت هذه الأبيات على ما يحتاج إلى تفسير، (المقري 1: 282، 137، حياة صلاح الدين ص144).
بحسب اقتضاء الحال: بحسب الحاجة، بحسب الضرورة (بوشر).
اقتضى: طلب شيئا من أحد، وتطلبه منه. ففي النويري (أفريقية ص47 ق): ثم اقتضاهم الجواب.
اقتضى: بمعنى أراد، وشاء، وابتغى، وتوخى فيما يظهر.
لا يقتضي: استهجن. استقبح، استنكر، ففي القلائد (ص45): (دخل المرية وعليه أسمال لا تقتضيها الآداب، ولا يرتضيها إلا الانتحاب والانتداب).
اقتضى إلى: اضطر إلى، أحوج إلى. (بوشر).
ويقال اقتضى ب: ففي حياة صلاح الدين (ص205): اقتضى الحال بفقد أحوال القدس.
اقتضى: حصل على، كسب. اكتسبن نال. ففي القلائد (ص192): سار مطلقا العنان لفرسه فلم يروا إلا منهجهن ولا اقتضوا عوضا منه الارهجه ..
اقتضى: احتكر، احتاز، تملك، ففي انتيشيوس (2: 161): أخذت الأموال فاقتضيتها لنفسك.
اقتضى: استرد. ففي رياض النفوس (ص59 ق): وحين كان بمكة رغبت إليه أخته والتمست منه أن يعود إلى المغرب فأجابها ما كنت لأدع بلدا عرفت الله عز وجل فيه وامضي إلى بلد عصيت الله تعالى فيه أخشى أن تقتضيني العوائد.
أرضى، أشبع رغبته، شفي غلته. ففي ابن طفيل (ص197): إما مال يجمعه أو لذة ينالها أو شهوة يقتضيها أو غيظ يتشفى به. اقتضى: دعا إليه، تطلبه، عين موعده. ففي ويجرز (ص22): وأيام وصل بالعقيق اقتضيته. وانظر (ص76 رقم 42). غير أني أفضل في البيت الخامس والخمسين معنى كان لابد منه ولا غنى عنه.
اقتضى: تضمن، احتوى، اشتمل على (ميرسنج ص25، ص41 رقم 170)، وفي المقري (1: 97): سأله: ما رأيك في قرطبة؟ فخاطبه على ما يقتضيه كلام عامة الأندلس بقوله جوفها شمام، وغربيها قمام، الخ. وفي شكوري (ص187 ق): وكان خلط هذا الورم يقتضي الحدة والحرافة. (الملابس ص379 رقم 1). وفي زيشر (20: 487): ولولا خشية التطويل لذكرت جميع أسماء الكتب وذكرت كل كتاب وما يتقضى وما يختص. (انظر: مقتضى).
استقضى. استقضى الدين: طلب أن يقضيه. (محيط المحيط، معجم ابن جبير، رياض النفوس (91 ق).
استقضى فلانا: استخدمهن استعمله. ففي ألف ليلة (2: 75: وإذا بعكام نزل من فوق بغلته وقبل يد شاه بندر التجار وقال له والله زمان يا سيدي ما استقضيتنا في تجارات.
قضاء: عمل القاضي، وظيفة القاضي (بوشر) وقد كثر ذكر الكلمة عند المؤلفين.
قضاء المناكح والخطبة أو الخطابة كما في مخطوطة برلين، وتعني في غرناطة وظيفة القاضي الذي يتولى لفصل في أمور الزواج. ففي كتاب الخطيب (ص28 ق): ولي قضاء المناكح والخطبة بالحضرة.
(انظر قاضي الانكحة في تونس في رحلة ابن بطوطة (1: 15).
قضاء: سلطة قضائية، امتداد سلطة القاضي في الولاية. (بوشر).
قضاء: رد، إرجاع الشيء لصاحبه، تأدية، (الكالا) وفيه ( Restitucion = خلف).
قضاء: اتفاق، معاهدة. (معجم البلاذري).
عمرة القضاء أو عمرة القضية: عمرة النبي (صلى الله عليه وسلم) في شهر ذي القعدة من السنة السابعة من الهجرة، وقد أطلق عليها هذه الاسم لأنه عقد هدنة مع سهيل بن عمرو مندوب أهل مكة الذي منعه من قضاء العمرة في السنة السابقة. (قاضي سهيل بن عمرو على الهدنة) أي صالحه على الهدنة. (معجم البلاذري) قضية: أمر، حادث، واقعة، (بوشر، الكالا، معجم الطرائف، وانظر في مادة أنقضى، كوسج طرائف ص86، المقدمة 3: 396).
على أدنى قضية: على أمر تافه، على لا شيء (بوشر).
ما هو قضية: هذا ليس ضروريا. (بوشر).
قضية: دعوى. ففي طرائف كوسج (ص49): وشهود كل قضية اثنان.
قضية، في اصطلاح المنطق: قول يصح أن يقال لقائله إنه صادق فيه أو كاذب. (فوك، بوشر، المقدمة 2: 371).
قضية في اصطلاح الرياضيات: نظرية يطلب إثباتها بالبرهان. (بوشر).
قضية: اتفاق، معاهدة. (معجم البلاذري) عمرة القضية: انظر عمرة القضاء.
قضية: جملة، عبارة. (بوشر).
قضية جزئية: من الجزء إلى الكل، من الخاص إلى العام. (بوشر).
قضية حملية: مقولة، لفظ كلي يمكن ان يدخل محمولا في قضية (فوك).
قضية شاهدة: شهادة، بينة. (فوك).
قضاوة: قضاء؛ سلطة قضائية. (بوشر). قضاء. قضا شغل: خبير في الأعمال (بوشر).
رجل قضاء أشغال: رجل أعمال. (بوشر). قاض. قاضي الجماعة في الأندلس وأفريقية هو ما يسمى قاضي القضاة في المشرق. وقضاء الجماعة: وظيفة قاضي الجماعة وعمله. (كاترمير البكري ص144) وقد أطلق على قاضي الجماعة في الأندلس اسم قاضي الجند لأن هؤلاء القضاء ينتمون إلى أجناد العرب أي الطبقة العليا من الجند وسراتهم، وذلك حتى سنة 250 من الهجرة حين عين السلطان محمد مولى لأسرته في هذه الوظيفة، وهو عمرو بن عبد الله فأطلق على نفسه لقب قاضي الجماعة (انظر ابن القوطية ص30 وانظر كتاب محمد بن الحارث ص218، ص282).
قاضي العرب: هو قاض يفصل في القضايا عند أهل البادية، وهو لا يحكم حسب الشريعة بل وفق العرف والعادة. (بركهارت البدو ص68، برقون 2: 87).
قاضي الانكحة: قاضي الزواج. (ابن بطوطة 1: 15). وانظرها في مادة قضاء.
قاض: عند الكالا. ( escrivano principal) وقد ترجمها تبريجا بكلمة scriba والنائب العام للأسقف ووكيل الأسقف.
مقتضى، مطلوب، مستحق، واجب الأداء، فرض (بوشر).
من غير مقتضى: بطيب خاطر، بسرور (بوشر).
من مقتضيات الطبيعة أن: من الطبيعي أن (بوشر).
مقتضى الحال: ما يتطلبه الحال. (ميهرن بلاغة ص17).
مقتضى: حال، ظرف، شأن وضع. (معجم الإدريسي).
على مقتضى، وبمقتضى (معجم فريتاج): بحسب، بموجب وفقا ل. تبعا. طبعا. (دي ساسي طرائف 1: 108، 2: 64).
حسب مقتضى القوانين. حسب دقة القوانين وصرامتها. (بوشر).
ومقتضى ذلك أن: وينتج عن ذلك أن (بوشر).
مقتضى: دائم، مستمر، مطرد. ففي الجوبري (ص61 ق): ويكون مقتضى الذي كتبته.
مقتضيات: احتمالات، إمكانات. وقد ذكرها فريتاج عن شلتنز، وقد اقتبسها شلتنز من ابن الطفيل (ص125).

ملك
المَلِكُ: هو المتصرّف بالأمر والنّهي في الجمهور، وذلك يختصّ بسياسة الناطقين، ولهذا يقال: مَلِكُ الناسِ، ولا يقال: مَلِك الأشياءِ، وقوله: مَلِكِ يومِ الدّين [الفاتحة/ 3] فتقديره: الملك في يوم الدين، وذلك لقوله:
لِمَنِ الْمُلْكُ الْيَوْمَ لِلَّهِ الْواحِدِ الْقَهَّارِ
[غافر/ 16] . وَالمِلْكُ ضربان: مِلْك هو التملك والتّولّي، ومِلْك هو القوّة على ذلك، تولّى أو لم يتولّ. فمن الأوّل قوله: إِنَّ الْمُلُوكَ إِذا دَخَلُوا قَرْيَةً أَفْسَدُوها
[النمل/ 34] ، ومن الثاني قوله: إِذْ جَعَلَ فِيكُمْ أَنْبِياءَ وَجَعَلَكُمْ مُلُوكاً [المائدة/ 20] فجعل النّبوّة مخصوصة والمِلْكَ عامّا، فإن معنى الملك هاهنا هو القوّة التي بها يترشّح للسياسة، لا أنه جعلهم كلّهم متولّين للأمر، فذلك مناف للحكمة كما قيل: لا خير في كثرة الرّؤساء. قال بعضهم: المَلِك اسم لكلّ من يملك السياسة، إما في نفسه وذلك بالتّمكين من زمام قواه وصرفها عن هواها، وإما في غيره سواء تولّى ذلك أو لم يتولّ على ما تقدّم، وقوله:
فَقَدْ آتَيْنا آلَ إِبْراهِيمَ الْكِتابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَآتَيْناهُمْ مُلْكاً عَظِيماً [النساء/ 54] . والمُلْكُ: الحقّ الدّائم لله، فلذلك قال: لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ [التغابن/ 1] ، وقال: قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ مالِكَ الْمُلْكِ تُؤْتِي الْمُلْكَ مَنْ تَشاءُ وَتَنْزِعُ الْمُلْكَ مِمَّنْ تَشاءُ [آل عمران/ 26] فالمُلْك ضبط الشيء المتصرّف فيه بالحكم، والمِلْكُ كالجنس للمُلْكِ، فكلّ مُلْك مِلْك، وليس كلّ مِلْك مُلْكا. قال: قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ مالِكَ الْمُلْكِ تُؤْتِي الْمُلْكَ مَنْ تَشاءُ [آل عمران/ 26] ، وَلا يَمْلِكُونَ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ ضَرًّا وَلا نَفْعاً وَلا يَمْلِكُونَ مَوْتاً وَلا حَياةً وَلا نُشُوراً
[الفرقان/ 3] ، وقال:
أَمَّنْ يَمْلِكُ السَّمْعَ وَالْأَبْصارَ [يونس/ 31] ، قُلْ لا أَمْلِكُ لِنَفْسِي نَفْعاً وَلا ضَرًّا
[الأعراف/ 188] وفي غيرها من الآيات. والمَلَكُوتُ: مختصّ بملك الله تعالى، وهو مصدر مَلَكَ أدخلت فيه التاء. نحو: رحموت ورهبوت، قال: وَكَذلِكَ نُرِي إِبْراهِيمَ مَلَكُوتَ السَّماواتِ وَالْأَرْضِ [الأنعام/ 75] ، وقال:
أَوَلَمْ يَنْظُرُوا فِي مَلَكُوتِ السَّماواتِ وَالْأَرْضِ [الأعراف/ 185] والمَمْلَكة: سلطان المَلِك وبقاعه التي يتملّكها، والمَمْلُوكُ يختصّ في التّعارف بالرقيق من الأملاك، قال: عَبْداً مَمْلُوكاً [النحل/ 75] وقد يقال: فلان جواد بمملوكه. أي: بما يتملّكه، والمِلْكَة تختصّ بمِلْك العبيد، ويقال: فلان حسن الملكة. أي:
الصّنع إلى مماليكه، وخصّ ملك العبيد في القرآن باليمين، فقال: لِيَسْتَأْذِنْكُمُ الَّذِينَ مَلَكَتْ أَيْمانُكُمْ
[النور/ 58] ، وقوله: أَوْ ما مَلَكَتْ أَيْمانُكُمْ [النساء/ 3] ، أَوْ ما مَلَكَتْ أَيْمانُهُنَّ [النور/ 31] ومملوك مقرّ بالمُلُوكَةِ والمِلْكَةِ والمِلْكِ، ومِلَاكُ الأمرِ: ما يعتمد عليه منه. وقيل: القلب ملاك الجسد، والمِلَاكُ:
التّزويج، وأملكوه: زوّجوه، شبّه الزّوج بِمَلِكٍ عليها في سياستها، وبهذا النظر قيل: كاد العروس أن يكون مَلِكاً . ومَلِكُ الإبل والشاء ما يتقدّم ويتّبعه سائره تشبيها بالملك، ويقال: ما لأحد في هذا مَلْكٌ ومِلْكٌ غيري. قال تعالى: ما أَخْلَفْنا مَوْعِدَكَ بِمَلْكِنا [طه/ 87] وقرئ بكسر الميم ، ومَلَكْتُ العجينَ: شددت عجنه، وحائط ليس له مِلَاكٌ. أي: تماسك وأما المَلَكُ فالنحويون جعلوه من لفظ الملائكة، وجعل الميم فيه زائدة. وقال بعض المحقّقين:
هو من المِلك، قال: والمتولّي من الملائكة شيئا من السّياسات يقال له: ملك بالفتح، ومن البشر يقال له: ملك بالكسر، فكلّ مَلَكٍ ملائكة وليس كلّ ملائكة ملكا، بل الملك هو المشار إليه بقوله: فَالْمُدَبِّراتِ أَمْراً [النازعات/ 5] ، فَالْمُقَسِّماتِ أَمْراً [الذاريات/ 4] ، وَالنَّازِعاتِ [النازعات/ 1] ونحو ذلك، ومنه: ملك الموت، قال: وَالْمَلَكُ عَلى أَرْجائِها [الحاقة/ 17] ، عَلَى الْمَلَكَيْنِ بِبابِلَ [البقرة/ 102] ، قُلْ يَتَوَفَّاكُمْ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ الَّذِي وُكِّلَ بِكُمْ [السجدة/ 11] .

ملك

1 مَلَكَهُ He possessed it, or owned it, [and particularly] with ability to have it to himself exclusively: (M, K:) [and he exercised, or had, authority over it; for] مُلْكٌ signifies the exercise of authority to command and to forbid in respect of the generality of a people [&c.]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or the having possession and command or authority: and the having power to exercise command or authority. (TA.) مِلْكٌ, as inf. n. of مَلَكَهُ meaning He possessed it, is more common than مَلْكٌ and مُلْكٌ. b2: [مَلَكَ أَمْرَهُ He had the ruling, or ordering, of his affair, or case] and مَلَكَ عَلَى النَّاسِ أَمْرَهُمْ He had the dominion, or sovereignty, or ruling power, over the people. (Msb.) A2: See 4.2 مَلَّكَهُ He made him to possess a thing; (S, K;) as also ↓ أَمْلَكَهُ. (K.) b2: He made him king; or made him to have dominion, kingship, or rule. (Msb, K.) b3: يُمَلَّكَ الرَّجُلُ أَمْرَهُ [The man shall be made to have the ruling, or ordering, of his affair, or affairs, or case]. (Sh, T in art. دين.) 3 مَالكَ أُمَّهُ : see شَدَنَ.4 مَلَكَ ↓ العَجِينَ and أَمْلَكَهُ He kneaded well the dough. (S, K.) A2: See 2.5 تَمَلَّكَ He took possession of a thing [absolutely or] by force. (Msb.) 6 مَا تَمَالَكَ أَنْ فَعَلَ He could not restrain himself from doing; (Mgh, Msb;) syn. مَا تَمَاسَكَ [q. v.] (S.) مِلْكٌ : its pl. أَمْلاَكٌ, in common conventional language means [or rather includes] Houses and lands. (TA.) See its pl. pl. أَمْلاَكَاتٌ.

مُلْكٌ Dominion; sovereignty; kingship; rule; mastership; ownership; possession; right of possession; authority; sway. b2: مُلْكُ اللّٰهِ God's world of spirits; or invisible world. (TA, art. شهد.) b3: [مُلْكٌ (when distinguished from ملكوت) The dominion that is apparent; as that of the earth.]

مَلَكٌ An angel: see مَأْلَكٌ. b2: مَلَكٌ Water. (S.) مَلِكُ الأَمْلاَكِ The king of kings. See أَخْنَعُ.

مَلاَكُ الأَمْرِ and ↓ مِلاَكُهُ That whereby the thing &c. subsists: (S, KL:) its قَوَام [q. v.] by whom, or by which, it is ruled, or ordered: (K:) its foundation; syn. أَصْلُهُ: (KL:) its support; that upon which it rests: (T, TA:) it may be rendered the cause, or means, of the subsistence of the thing; &c.

مِلَاكٌ see مَلاَكٌ.

مَالِكٌ : see رَبٌّ. b2: مَالِكُ الأَمْرِ The possessor of command, or rule. b3: المَالِكُ الكَبِيرُ The Great Master, or Owner; i. e., God; in contradistinction to المَالِكُ الصَّغِيرُ the little master, or owner; i. e., the human owner of a slave, &c. b4: مَالِكٌ الحَزِينُ: (so in one copy of the S: in another, and the MA, and Kzw, مَالِكُ الحَزِينِ:) [The heron: or a species thereof] in Pers\. بوتيمار; (MA;) a certain bird, long in the neck and legs, called in Pers\.

بوتيمار. (Kzw:) see سَبَيْطَرٌ b5: أَبُو مَالِكٍ Hunger. (MF, art. جبر.) See also أَبٌ.

أَمْلَاكَاتٌ pl. of أَمْلاَكٌ pl. of مِلْكٌ Goods, or chattels, of a bride: see أَغْنَآءٌ in art. غنى.

مَلَكَةٌ [A faculty.] A quality firmly rooted in the mind. (KT.) مَلَكُوتُ اللّٰهِ God's world of corporeal beings. (TA, art. شهد.) Generally The kingdom of God.

مِلِيك is also syn. with مَمْلُوكٌ; this is meant in the TA where it is said that مُلَكَآءُ in the saying لَبَا مُلُوكٌ وَلَيْسَ لَبَا مُلَكَآءُ [We have kings of bees, but we have not slaves] is pl. of المَلِيكُ from المَمْلُوكُ: it is also said in art. رغو in the TA, (see 4 in that art.) that مَلِيكَةٌ is syn. with مَمْلُوكَةٌ.

أَمْلَكُ : see شَرْطٌ. and also أَمْلَأُ, and أَرَبٌ. b2: مَا أَمْلِكُ شَدًّا وَلاَ إِرْخَآءً: see شَدَّ.

مَمْلَكَةٌ A kingdom, or realm. (S.) مَمْلُوكٌ A slave; a bondman; syn. عَبْدٌ, (S,) or رَقِيقٌ. (TA.) In the present day, specially, A white male slave. (TA.) See مَرْبُوبٌ.

ملك

مَلَكَ(n. ac. مَلْك
مِلْك
مُلْك
مَلَكَة
مَمْلَكَة
مَمْلُكَة)
a. Possessed, owned; held; was master of.
b. ['Ala], Reigned, ruled over.
c.(n. ac. مَلْك
مِلْك
مُلْك), Married.
d.(n. ac. مَلْك), Kneaded well (dough).
e. Gave to drink.

مَلَّكَa. Put in possession of.
b. [acc. & 'Ala], Made king, ruler over.
c. Gave to in marriage.
d. see I (d)e. [ coll. ], Made to get firm hold
(lever).
أَمْلَكَa. see I (d)
& II (a), (b), (
c ).
e. Satisfied thirst (water).
تَمَلَّكَa. Acted like a king, a ruler.
b. Made himself master; got possession, hold of.

تَمَاْلَكَ
a. ['An], Abstained from.
b. Contained himself.

مَلْكa. Possession, ownership, proprietorship.
b. (pl.
مُلُوْك
أَمْلَاْك
38), Possessor, owner, proprietor.
c. Right of pasturage; pasture; water.
d. Middle or side of the road.
e. see 2 (a) & 5
(a).
مَلْكَةa. see 2t
مِلْك
(pl.
أَمْلَاْك)
a. Property, possession: fortune, estate.
b. see 1 (c) (d)
مَلَكَة
(d) &
مَلِك
(a).
مِلْكَةa. Property, possession.

مِلْكِيّa. see 4yi (b)
مُلْكa. Power, authority, dominion; royalty, kingship.
b. Greatness, grandeur, magnificence.
c. [art.], The visible world.
d. Pea.
e. see 1 (a) (c), (d)
مِلْك
(a) &
مَمْلَكَة
مُلْكَةa. see 2t
مُلْكِيّa. Royalist.

مَلَكa. see 1 (c)مِلْك
(a) &
مَلَاْك
(a).
d. Cause, origin.

مَلَكَةa. see 2t & 17t
(a).
c. Custom, habit, wont; acquired virtue.
d. Servitude, slavery.

مَلَكِيّa. Royal, regal, kingly.
b. G.
Malachite (sect).
مَلِك
(pl.
مُلُوْك)
a. King; sovereign, ruler.
b. see 1 (b)
مَلِكَةa. Queen.

مُلُك
(pl.
أَمْلَاْك)
a. see 2 (a)
مَمْلَكَة
(pl.
مَمَاْلِكُ)
a. Kingdom, realm; state; reign; empire.
b. Royalty, majesty; kingship.

مَمْلُكَةa. see 17t
مَاْلِك
(pl.
مُلَّك
مُلَّاْك
29)
a. King.
b. Proper name.
c. see 1 (b)
مَاْلِكِيَّةa. see 17t (a)
مَلَاْكa. Angel ( for
مَلأْلَك ).
b. Support, stay.
c. Power, potency.
d. Self-restraint, self-control; continence.
e. Marriage, wedlock.

مَلَاْكَةa. see 2t
مِلَاْك
(pl.
مُلْك مُلُك)
a. Foot, hoof.
b. Mud.
c. see 22 (c) (e).
مَلِيْك
(pl.
مُلَكَآءُ)
a. see 1 (b) & 5
(a).
مُلُوْكَةa. see 2t
مُلُوْكِيّa. see 4yi (a)
N. P.
مَلڤكَa. Possession.
b. (pl.
مَلَاْكِيْ4ُ), Slave, servant.
c. Mameluke.
d. Well-kneaded (dough).
e. [ coll. ], Apron.
N. P.
مَلَّكَa. Put in possession, possessed of.
b. Made, crowned king.

N. Ac.
أَمْلَكَa. Marriage; marriage contract.

مَمْلُوْكَة
a. see 17t (a)
مَلْكُوْت
a. see 3 (b) & 17t
(a), (b).
d. The invisible world, heaven.

مُمْلَكَة
a. Bridegroom, husband.

مَلْكُوَة
a. see 3 (b) & 17t
(a), (b).
أُمْلُوَك
a. Possessors; rulers; lords.

تَمْلِيْكَة
a. see 1t (a)
مُلَيْكَة
a. Book; folio.

مَالَك الحَزِيْن
a. Heron (bird).
مَلِيْك النَّحْل
a. Queen-bee.

عَالَم مَلْكُوْتِيّ
a. The spiritual world.

عَبْد مَمْلَُكَة
a. Enslaved.

مَا لَهُ مَلَاك
a. He has no selfcontrol.

هُوَ حَسَن المَلَكَة
a. He is good ruler.

مَلَم
a. Vile.

ملك: ملك: ملكت القلعة من موضع كذا: هوجمت وفتحت من ... الخ (الادريسي 83 والترجمة 100).
ملك البر: وصل إلى الساحل (ألف ليلة برسل 9: 370).
ملك روحه من أو عن: تحامى، احتمى، تفادى من، زهد في وعن، قبض يده عن، تورع عن، عزفت نفسه عن (الطعام مثلا) عفت نفسه عن (المنكر مثلا) (فوك).
ملك الولي المرأة: في (محيط المحيط) (ملك الولي المرأة ملكا حظرها عن الزواج).
ملك كفه بالسيف: شد عليه (عباد 3: 94 معجم مسلم في مادة شد).
من يملك أمره عليه: هو من أولئك الذين يخضعون لحكم الأجنبي (المقدمة 3: 265) إلا أن معنى ملكوا عليه أمره هو استحوذوا عليه (تاريخ البربرية 1: 545): ثم تسوروا جدرانها واقتحموا داره وملكوا عليه أمره وأخرجوه برمته.
ملك (بالتشديد) باع، تنازل عن (الكالا: enagenar) ؛ والصيغة التي يستعملها البائع هي بعتك أو ملكتك (معجم التنبيه).
تملك: حصل، امتلك، سيطر على (معجم الطرائف 133:1، القلائد 118:5): معجزة تتشرف الدولة بتملكها: وقد وردت عند (بوشر) بصيغة تملك ب.
أسباب التملك: وسيلته، واسطته أو ذريعته (في الإثراء) (المقري 130:1).
سعة التملك: رخاء، ثروة (معجم الجغرافيا). ولذلك نجد أن صيغة تُمُلّك معناها أسقط أو سقط تحت سيطرته ففي (عباد 1: 38) في الحديث عن ملك أسروه وأزاحوه عن عرشه: تملك بعد الملك (المقدمة 1، 19 وانظر الترجمة): تملك جده من الفرس أي استعبد منهم (دي ساسي ودي سلين أخطأ حين كتباها تملك جده).
متملك: في الحديث عن الأرض، الأشجار ... الخ معناها ملكية خاصة (ابن بطوطة 4: 173، 232، 243).
تملك: تسنم كرسي العرش (بوشر، ابن الأثير 10: 400 المقريزي مخطوطة 2: 351): فلما تملك الظاهر برقوق، تملك على القوم: صار ملكا عليهم (محيط المحيط).
تملك: تزعم، فرض النفس على الآخرين، استقر في بيت وانتهى بالاستحواذ عليه (بوشر).
تمالك عقله أو نفسه: سيطر على أعصابه، كبح جماح نفسه (كوسج، كرست 7: 1).
تمالك: قاوم، ثبت، لم يهرب، لم يفر (أماري 7: 162).
امتلك: حصل، نال (بوشر وعند فوك في مادة posidere) .
امتلك من: أمسك، زهد في، امتنع، كف عن، تجنب (فوك).
استملك القلوب: كسبها وأسرها (بوشر) (انظرها في فوك في مادة posidere) ( بيرتون 2: 4 والثعالبي لطائف 6: 72 ومملوك 1: 1 وكرتاس 8: 33 و12: 281) والدور (كارتاس 2: 273): وغليت في أيامه الأملاك فبيعت الدار في أيامه بألف دينار ذهبا.
ملك: في (حيان 68): بعد أن تمردوا على السلطان ذهبوا إلى ملك أنفسهم: وطدوا العزم على أن يحكموا أنفسهم بأنفسهم، أي أن ينشئوا جمهورية.
أسباب الملك: وسائل الغنى، وسائط الإثراء، ذرائع التملك (معجم الجغرافيا).
مَلَك: واحد الملائكة والجمع أملاك (فوك).
مَلِك: واحد الملوك والجمع أملاك (دي يونج).
مَلِك: يطلق الملك على الأمير أيضا فقد كان أولاد المعتمد الأربعة مجرد حكام ومع ذلك حملوا لقب ملك وقد اعتاد المؤلفون اللاتين والأسبان إطلاق لقب rex و rey على العرب الذين لم يزيدوا عن كونهم قادة عسكر أو حكاما.
مَلِك: هو الأمير في الهند (ابن بطوطة 3: 145).
الملك الأحمر: مارس (بوشر).
ملك الحيات: صل (بوشر).
ملكي عامية تصحيف ملكي: في (محيط المحيط الملكية مؤنث الملكي والملكية لطائفة من النصارى لقبوا به لاتباعهم الملك الواحد. ملكي والعامة تقول ملكي وملكية ونطلق ذلك غالبا على تبعة الكنيسة الرومانية من الروم).
مَلكي: ملائكي (فوك، بوشر).
الملكي: نوع شراب محلى (الجريدة الآسيوية 1861، 1، 16 إلا أنني لست متأكدا من صحة الترجمة التي قام بها بهرنوير).
ملكان = مِلك: (الكامل 16: 270).
مَلكوت وليس ملكوت التي عند (فريتاج): الملكوت عند الصوفية عالم الغيب أو العالم غير المحسوس الذي لا يختص بغير الأرواح والأنفس (دي ساسي كرست 1: 451).
ملكوت: في (محيط المحيط) (عند النصارى: محل القديسين في السماء وربما أطلق عندهم على بشارة الإنجيل وهو من السريانية مذكر وتأنيثه من خطأ العوام).
ملكوت: فردوس (همبرت 149).
ملاك أو ملاك: يمكن أن تترجم ب: نقطة مهمة (كليلة ودمنة 7: 247): والحلم رأس الأمور وملاكها (ابن العوام 1: 153): ملاك صلاح جميع الأشجار سقيها بالماء في الصيف .. الخ (165، 21 و186، 21 والبربرية 2: 560).
ملاك أو ملاك: خطوبة أو زمن الخطوبة (هلو). مليك. المليك: هو الله تعالى (كرست 2: 442 رقم 31).
مليكة: مَلكة (فوك).
ملوكية= ملوخية (فريتاج 250 b) . خبازي (معجم المنصوري وابن البيطار 1: 347).
مالك: خازن الدار (وباللاتينية (فوك) infernalis ministre) ( رجع إلى رايسكه في فريتاج).
مالكي: طير الماء (ابن البيطار 4: 139 بولاق).
أملك ب: المستحق من غير شيء ما (اصطلاح قانوي، الماوردي 9: 20).
أملك ب: وكان الممل املك به: كرس نفسه لأعمال الخير أر مما قام به في (دراساته اللاهوتية) (المقري 12: 894).
تملك: استيلاء، سكن (بوشر). تمليك ب: مكن (فلانا) من ... (بوشر).
مملك: الذي يحمل لقب ملك (عباد 2: 173).
مملكة والجمع ممالك: صفة تطلق على رئيس الوزراء، حين يكون في أقصى درجات القوة مثلما كان المنصور (عبد الواحد 4: 26).
مملوكي: صلاة مملوكية: صلاة العبيد وهي باللهجة الشعبية، صلوات بلا وضوء لأن العبيد، في العادة، لا يمارسون واجباتهم الدينية إلا لكي يتخلصوا من جلد سادتهم لهم بالسياط (بيرتون 1: 98، لين طبائع 1: 254: صلاة ممالكية).
مماليكي: انظر ما تقدم.
امتلاك النفس: اعتدال (بوشر).
متملك: باللاتينية mulcator متملك مموه بالإكراه البدني أو بالغضب (دوكانج) ألا أن قبولنا بهذا المعنى لا يسوغ إقرارنا بوجود توافق بين هاتين الكلمتين العربيتين.
استملاك: تقليد، تنصيب، تولية، توظيف (هلو).

صبن

1 صَبَنَ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S Msb, K,) inf. n. صَبْنٌ, (S,) He turned away a gift, (As, S, K, TA,) or an act of kindness or beneficence, (As, S, TA,) from his neighbours, and his acquaintances, to others; and in like manner, كَبَنَ and خَضَنَ; (As, TA;) or he withheld it; عَنّّا [from us]: (As, S, K:) and صَبَنَ الكَأْسَ, (M, Msb,) aor. as above, (Msb,) he (the cupbearer) turned away the cup of wine, (M, Msb,) مِمِّنْ هُوَ

أَحَقُّ بِهَا [from him who was more, or most, entitled to it], (M,) or عَنْهُ [from him]. (Msb.) 'Amr Ibn-Kulthoom says, صَبَنْتِ الكَأْسَ عَنَّا أُمَّ عَمْرٍو وَكَانَ الكَأْسُ مَجْرَاهَا اليَمِينَا [Thou hast turned away the cup of wine from us, O Umm-' Amr; when the proper course of the cup of wine was towards the right]. (S. [See EM p. 184.]) b2: And He (a man) hid a thing in his hand, (M, TA,) such as a dirhem & c., without its being known. (TA.) b3: And صَبَنَ الكَعْبَيْنِ, (S, K,) or القِدْحَيْنِ, aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) He placed evenly, or suitably, in his hand, (S, M, K,) the pair of play-bones, or dice, (S, K,) or the pair of gaming-arrows, (M,) and then cast them: (S, M, K:) said of a player at a game of hazard. (S, K.) To him who does so one says, أَجِلْ وَلَا تَصْبِنْ [Shuffle thou, and do not pack]. (S.) 2 صبّن, from صَابُون, He soaped a thing; or washed it with soap: so in the language of the present day.]7 إِنْصَبَنَ see what next follows.8 اصطبن and ↓ انصبن (K, TA) and ↓ صَبْيَنَ (so in my MS. copy of the K) or ↓ صَيْبَنَ (so in the CK, but neither of these is in the TA,) He, or it, turned away or back, or became turned away or back. (K.) Q. Q. 1 صَبْيَنَ or صَيْبَنَ: see what next precedes.

صَبْنَآءُ The hand of a player at a game of hazard inclined for acting treacherously to a companion. (IAar, K.) صَابُونٌ a word of well-known meaning, (S, M, K,) [Soap;] a compound with which clothes [&c.] are washed: the best of which is made of pure olive-oil and clear potash and good جِير [meaning lime], well cooked [i. e. boiled], and dried, and cut into particular shapes: the مَغْرِبِىّ sort is not cut, nor well cooked [or boiled], but is like cooked starch: (TA:) it is hot and dry; and produces a pleasurable sensation in the body; (K;) but the washing the head with it hastens hoariness: (TA: [in which many other supposed properties of it are mentioned:]) IDrd says the word is not of the language of the Arabs: (TA:) [Fei, in the Msb, fancifully derives it from صَبَنَ الكَأْسَ, because it removes filths and impurities:] MF says that it is one of the words common to all languages, Arabic and Persian and Turkish and others [as Greek &c.]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] صُابُونُ الهُمُومِ is a term for (assumed tropical:) Wine. (TA voce تِرْيَاقٌ, q. v.) صَابُونِىٌّ Of, or relating to, soap; saponaceous. b2: And A maker, or seller, of soap: mentioned in the K and TA only as a surname.]

صول

1 صَالَ عَلَيْهِ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. صَوْلٌ and صَوْلَةٌ (S, O, K) and صِيَالٌ, (O,) He leaped, or sprang, upon him: (S, O, K:) and (K) صَالَ عَلَيْهِ, (M, K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. صَوْلٌ and صِيَالٌ and صُؤُولٌ and صَوَلَانٌ and صَالٌ and مَصَالَةٌ, he sprang, or rushed, upon him; made an assault, or attack, upon him; namely, his adversary, or antagonist; syn. سَطَا; (M, K, TA;) and حَمَلَ: (TA:) [or he sprang upon him and seized him violently or laid violent hands upon him; for so سَطَا is said to signify:] and صال عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) he overbore him, overpowered him, or subdued him; (S, * O, * Msb, * TA; [a meaning also assigned to سَطَا;]) namely, one man another nam. (TA.) [See also 1 in art. صيل.] One says, رُبَّ قَوْلٍ أَشَدُّ مِنْ صَوْلٍ Many a saying is more severe than a leaping or springing [&c.]. (S, O.) And it is said in a trad. respecting prayer, بِكَ أَصُولُ, meaning [By Thee may I] spring, or rush, or assault, and subdue. (TA.) b2: صال, aor. as above, inf. n. صَوْلٌ, is also said of a stallion [camel], meaning He leaped, or sprang: or, accord. to Az, صال, inf. n. صَوْلٌ and صِيَالٌ, said of a camel, means he leaped, or sprang, upon the [other] camels, and fought them: (Msb:) or one says of a stallion, صال عَلَى الإِبِلِ, inf. n. صَوْلٌ, meaning he fought the [other] camels, (M, K,) and sent them on before: (M:) or, accord. to Az, one says of a camel, (S,) or, accord. to Es-Sarakustee, some of the Arabs say of a camel, (Msb,) صَؤُلَ, (S, Msb, [in one of my copies of the S صال, but the former is the right,]) like قَرُبَ, (Msb,) with ء, (S, Msb,) inf. n. صَألَةٌ, meaning he betook himself to the killing of men, and springing, or rushing, upon them: (S) and without ء in speaking of the act of one adversary, or antagonist, against another: (Msb:) Hamzeh El-Isbahánee says, in his “ Proverbs,” that صال الجَمَلُ means the camel bit; but he is alone in saying this. (TA.) One says also, صال العَيْرُ, meaning The he-ass attacked the she-ass: (S, O:) or صال العَيْرُ عَلَى العَانَةِ the heass drove away the she-ass, or the herd of wild she-asses, (M, K, TA,) and attacked her or them, biting her or them with the fore teeth, and kicking her or them with the hind leg or hind legs. (TA.) A2: صال البُرَّ, aor. as above, inf. n. صَوْلٌ, He swept away, or cleared, the wheat from the pieces of stick and of rubbish: and الحِنْطَةَ ↓ صَوَّلْنَا we swept the wheat [well, and so cleared it from rubbish]: the teshdeed denotes intensiveness of meaning: (O:) ↓ التَّصْوِيلُ [or تَصْوِيلُ البَيْدَرِ] means the sweeping of the بَيْدَر [or collected wheat or grain, or perhaps the place in which wheat or grain is trodden out], (O,) or of the sides thereof (نَوَاحِى البَيْدَرِ [to clear it of rubbish]). (K.) A3: صِيلَ: see art. صيل.2 صوّل, and its inf. n.: see 1, last sentence but one. b2: تَصْوِيلٌ also signifies The extracting a thing by means of water: (K, TA: [in the CK, بالمالِ is erroneously put for بِالمَآءِ:]) like the extracting a pebble from rice [by washing]. (TA.) [And app. The soaking a thing to extract the juice or bitterness &c.: see مِصْوَلٌ. See also an ex. in De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., vol. ii. p. 130 of the Ar. text; and see his remarks thereon in p. 335 of the transl. and notes.] b3: [Also The mixing, and stirring about, and beating, a thing.] One says, الجَرَادُ يُصَوَّلُ فِى مِشْوَاهُ [in the CK مَشواهُ, which is a mistranscription,] The locusts are mixed, and stirred about, and beaten, in his مِشْوَى (O, K) i. e. frying-pan. (TK.) 3 مُصَاوَلَةٌ and صِيَالٌ and ↓ صِيَالَةٌ [of which the first and second are inf. ns., the third being a quasi-inf. n.,] are syn. with مُوَاثَبَةٌ; (S, O, K;) صَاوَلَهُ signifying وَاثَبَهُ [i. e. He leaped, or sprang, upon him; or he assaulted, or assailed, him: or he contended with him, each leaping, or springing, upon the other, or each assaulting, or assailing, the other]. (K.) [See also 6.]6 الفَحْلَانِ يَتَصَاوَلَانِ i. q. يَتَوَاثَبَانِ [i. e. The two stallion-camels leap, or spring, upon each other; or assault, or assail, each other]. (S.) صَوْلَةٌ is an inf. n.: (S, O, K: [see 1, first sentence:]) or it signifies A leap, or spring: (TA:) or a single act of a camel's leaping, or springing, upon [other] camels, and fighting them; as also ↓ صِيَالَةٌ: (Msb:) [but more commonly, impetuosity, of a man, and of a camel or the like.] b2: [Hence,] ذُو صَوْلَةٍ فِى المِزْوَدِ One who springs upon the food, and devours it immoderately. (M, TA. *) b3: لَقِيتُهُ أَوَّلَ صَوْلَةٍ means أَوَّلَ وَهْلَةٍ [i. e. I met him the first thing, or the first thing that I saw]. (A, TA.) صُولَةٌ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ and ↓ حِنْطَةٌ مُصَوَّلَةٌ [signify nearly the same, the former meaning A heap of wheat, and the latter wheat in general, cleared from rubbish by means of the implement called مِصْوَلَة or مِصْوَل]: (O, K: [these significations are clearly indicated in the K, and more so in the O, by the context:]) the pl. of صُولَةٌ is صُوَلٌ. (O.) صِيلَةٌ, mentioned here in the K: see art. صيل.

صَؤُولٌ A camel that devours his pastor; that springs upon men, and devours them: (Lth, TA:) a camel that kills men, and springs, or rushes, upon them: (S:) or a camel that leaps, or springs, upon the [other] camels, and fights them: (Msb:) or a stallion that fights the [other] camels, (M, K,) and sends them on before. (M.) And (assumed tropical:) A man who beats others, and overbears, overpowers, or subdues, them. (TA.) Accord. to Az, it is originally without ء, and is app. pronounced with ء because the و is with damm. (TA.) صِيَالٌ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (M, O, Msb, K.) b2: [And also an inf. n. of 3, q. v.]

صِيَالَةٌ: see 3: and see also صَوْلَةٌ.

أَصْوَلُ مِنْ جَمَلٍ [More impetuous than a camel; or more wont to spring upon others, or to assault, or assail, them, than a camel]. (TA.) مِصْوَلٌ A thing in which colocynths are soaked in order that their bitterness may depart. (Az, S, O, K.) b2: And, accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, An implement with which the ears of corn are swept away, or cleared, from the pieces of stick and of rubbish. (O. [See also what next follows.]) مِصْوَلَةٌ A broom (مِكْنَسَةٌ, O, K) with which the sides of the بَيْدَر [or collected wheat or grain, or perhaps the place in which wheat or grain is trodden out,] are swept [to clear it of rubbish]: (O, TA:) so says IAar. (TA. [See also what next precedes.]) حِنْطَةٌ مُصَوَّلَةٌ: see صُولَةٌ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ.

صدن

صَيْدَنٌ A firm, strong, or compact, building. (M.) b2: And A firm, strong, or compact, garment, or piece of cloth: (M:) or a [garment of the kind called] كِسَآء that is stout, or strong, or that is thick, or compact, in texture. (K.) b3: and A king; (S, M, K;) because of the firmness of his rule, or his state, or condition; as also ↓ صَيْدَنَانِىٌّ and صَيْدَلَانِىٌّ. (M.) b4: And A fox; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ صَيْدَنَانِىٌّ: (K:) or الصَّيْدَنُ is one of the names thereof. (TA.) b5: And The hyena. (K.) b6: See also صَيْدَنَانِىٌّ. b7: Also A species of fly, that makes a buzzing sound over the herbage. (IKh, TA.) b8: And, as also صَيْدَلٌ, Stones [i. e. pieces of ore] of silver: to which are likened what are termed حِجَارَةٌ العَقَاقِيرِ. (IDrst, TA. [See صَيْدَلٌ; and see also صَيْدَانٌ, below.]) صَيْدَانٌ Pieces of silver, (M, TA,) when struck from the stone [or ore] thereof: (TA:) n. un. with ة. (M, TA.) [See also صَيْدَنٌ, above, last signification. And see صَيْدَانٌ in art. صيد.] b2: And Stone cooking-pots: (M, TA:) in this sense [likewise] a coll. gen. n.: n. un. with ة. (IB and L in art. صيد, in which it is mentioned in the S and L and K.) [See, again, صَيْدَانٌ, and also صَيْدَآءُ, in art. صيد.] b3: And Small pebbles: (IAar, M, TA:) or so صَيْدَانُ الحَصَى. (L in art. صيد.) صَيْدَانَةٌ [as a n. un.: see صَيْدَانٌ, above. b2: Also] Rugged, hard ground, in which is fine stone. (M, TA.) b3: See also two other significations (mentioned here in the TA) in art. صيد.

صَيْدَنَانِىٌّ A certain creeping thing, (دَابَّةٌ, M,) or a small creeping thing, (دُوَيْبَّةٌ, S, K,) that makes for itself a habitation in the ground, (S, M, K,) within the ground, (M,) and conceals it; (S, M, K;) i. e. covers it over; (M;) so says A 'Obeyd; (S;) also called ↓ صَيْدَنٌ: (S, K:) accord. to IKh, a certain small creeping thing (دويبّة) that collects pieces of stick, or wood, from the plants: accord. to IAar, a certain creeping thing (دَابَّةٌ) having many legs, so many that they cannot be counted, which are short and long. (TA.) b2: See also صَيْدَنٌ, in two places. b3: Also i. q. صَيْدَلَانِىٌّ (S, Mgh, K, TA) as meaning A seller of medicines, (Mgh,) or of perfumes: so called as being likened to the small creeping thing mentioned above: or from صَيْدَنٌ in a sense expl. above as syn. with صَيْدَلٌ. (TA.)

صوف: صَوَّف: صَوَّفه. جعله صوفّياً (محيط المحيط).
صَوَّف: تعفَن، عَفِن (بوشر).
صُوف: شملة، نسيج يتخذ من الصوف وشعر الماعز ويلقى على الكتفين، نسيج من الصوف والحرير (بوشر).
صُوف: زغب (بوشر).
صوف البَحْر: هو ليس الطحلب والأشنة كما يقول لين ناسياً ان الصاد العربية تقابل الزاي العبرية وليس الصاد ولذلك رأي مخطئاً أن كلمة صوف هي نفس كلمة صوف العبرية التي لا علاقة لها بها.
وفي مادة تستحق الاعتبار لابن البيطار (2: 141) أو بالأحرى لأستاذه أبو العباس النباتي يؤكد فيها أن العرب يطلقون اسم صوف البحر على ما يسميه اليونان ابيا اكس اكسلارنس اوفليونوفا أوكسفكسوف ابيوف. وما يسميه الإيطاليون الآن لانابينا أي الألياف التي تنتجها الرخويات الكبيرة المسماة الصفة البحرية أو المثلثة الأصداف والتي تربط بها صدفتها على الصخور.
وهذه الألياف الناعمة الدقيقة التي تشبه الحرير كانت تستخدم منذ القدم لصنع نسيج فاخر وذلك لجمال ألوانه الطبيعية والذي يلمع كما لو كان قد نثر عليه مسحوق الذهب. واكثر ما يفعل ذلك سكان شواطئ البحر الأبيض المتوسط. كما يصنعون منه جوارب وقفافيز غالية الثمن. وكانوا يصنعون منه جوخاً ثميناً بعد خلطه بالصوف. (انظر ترتولين، دي باليو ص47، طبعة سويس وتعليقة هذا العالم ص172 - 175، معجم العلوم الطبيعية المجلد 32 ص157، 319، مجلة العلوم الطبيعية لسنة 1857 ص350).
إن مقالة ابن البيطار التي لم يحسن سونثيمر ترجمتها وحرف ما فيها من أسماء هي من الطول بحيث لا يمكن نقلها هنا. ولكن إليك ما يقوله الاصطخري (ص42): ((يرى في سنتارم في بعض فصول السنة حيوان يأتي من البحر ويحتك ببعض صخور الساحل ويترك عليها وبراً في لون الذهب ليناً ناعماً كالحرير لا يختلف عنه في شيء، وهذه المادة نادرة جداً وغالية الثمن جداً، تجمع وينسج منها قماش يتلون كل يوم بألوان مختلفة. والأمراء الأمويون في الأندلس هم اللذين يختصون به، ولا يمكن الحصول على شيء منه إلا سراً. والقطعة من هذا النسيج قيمتها أكثر من ألف دينار)).
وفي البيان (2: 319): أن المنصور وزع في إحدى غزواته وعشرين كساء من صوف البحر، وكان هذا الكساء يشبه الكلادس الذي ذكره بروكوب فيما نقله سوينر.
صوف الكلب: تعبير يتمثل به كما يقال (لبن الطير) ويراد به شيئاً غير موجود (الثعالبي لطائف ص26، فالنون ص40).
صُوفَة. صوفتُه حَمْراء: تقول العامة فلان صوفته حمراء أي إنه عرضة للتهم يسرع إليه ظن السوء (محيط المحيط).
صَوفَة: تسفنجة (فوك) وفيه صَوْفة.
صُوفَة: بالمعنى القديم لحارس الكعبة. وهذه الكلمة التي تكتب صوفي أيضاً هي الكلمة العبرية: زوقة ومعناها حارس. انظر بنو إسرائيل في مكة (ص184 - 185).
صَوفان: بقل قصير ذو زغب. والحَرُّوق وهو ما تقع فيه النار عند القدح يتخذ من البقل المذكور وغيره. (بوشر، محيط المحيط، همبرت ص196، الجريدة الآسيوية 1850، 1: 229) وترجمة كاترمير فيها نسيج من الصوف ترجمة غير صحيحة.
صوفانة: واحدة الصوفان للبقل المذكور، وللَحُّروق (بوشر).
صُوِفيّ: مرتدي الصوف. ففي رياض النفوس (ص83 ق): عليه جُبَّة من صوف - فقلت له السلام عليك يا صوفي.
تَوْحيد التَصوُّف: علم اللاهوت (دوماس بيل ص63).
العلم التصوفي: علم الصوفية (ابن بطوطة 4: 344).
تَصْويف: تعفّن، شيء عَفِن (بوشر).
مُصَوَّف: ذو صوف، فيه كثير من الصوف (ألكالا، ابن البيطار 1: 5، 535) وفي رياض النفوس (ص78 ق): فأخذ ركوته وجلداً مصوفاً كان عنده. وفي موضع آخر منه: وذكر عنه إنه لم يكن في بيته غير كتبه وجلد مصوف وركوة معلقة وناموسة.
مُصَوَّف: كثيف الشعر ومجعَّده (ألكالا). مسْتَصْوف: هو الذي يشبه نفسه بالصوفي (محيط المحيط).

صوف

1 صَافَ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـُ (S, O,) inf. n. صَوْفٌ and صُؤُوفٌ; and صَوِفَ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. صَوَفٌ; (S;) He (a ram) had much صُوف [or wool], (S, O, K,) after having little thereof. (S, O.) A2: صاف السَّهْمُ عَنِ الهَدَفِ, aor. ـُ and يَصِيفُ, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. صَوْفٌ and صَيْفٌ and صَيْفُوفَةٌ, (O and K in art. صيف,) The arrow turned aside from the butt: (S, M, O, Msb, K:) like ضاف. (S and O in art. ضيف.) And صاف عَنِّى وَجْهُهُ His face turned away from me. (K.) And صاف عَنِّى شَرُّهُ, (S, M, O,) aor. ـُ inf. n. صَوْفٌ, (M,) His (a man's, S, O) evil, or mischief, turned away from me. (S, * M, O. *) 2 صوّف الكَرْمُ The grape-vine showed its fruitstalks [anew] after the cutting off of its fruit-(M,) 4 اصاف اللّٰهُ عَنِّى شَرَّهُ God turned away, or may God turn away, from me his evil, or mischief. (S, K.) [Mentioned also in art. صيف.]5 تصّوف He became a صُوفِىّ: (Msb:) he devoted himself to religious exercises; or applied himself to devotion: or he asserted himself to do so: (TA:) but it is post-classical. (Msb.) صَافٌ (S, M, O, K) and ↓ صَائِفٌ (S, M, O, Msb, K) and ↓ صَافٍ, (M, O, K,) which last is formed by transposition [from the second], (M,) and ↓ صَوِفٌ (M, O, K) and ↓ أَصْوَفُ (S, M, O, Msb, K) and ↓ صُوفَانٌ (AHeyth, TA) and ↓ صُوفِانِىٌّ, (M, O, K,) A ram having much صُوف [or wool]: (S, M, O, Msb, K:) fem. with ة, (K, [in which it seems to refer only to the last, i. e.]) the fem. epithet is ↓ صُوفَانِيَّةٌ, (O,) or ↓ صُوفَانَةٌ, (AHeyth, and so in a copy of the M,) and صَافَةٌ also. (M.) b2: and لِمَّةٌ صَافَةٌ [A lock of hair hanging down below the lobe of the ear] of which the hair is like صُوف [i. e. wool]. (M.) A2: See also صُوفٌ.

A3: And see art. صيف.

صَافٍ: see the next preceding paragraph.

صُوفٌ [Wool;] an appertenance of sheep, (in the S لِلشَّاةِ, in the M لِلْغَنَمِ, and in the O and Msb [more definitely] لِلضَّأْنِ,) which is to them like شَعَرٌ to goats and وَبَرٌ to camels: (M:) [in the K only said to be well know:] n. un. صُوفَةٌ, (M,) [i. e.] this latter has a more particular signification [meaning a portion, flock, tuft, or wisp, of wool]: (S, O, Msb, K:) and sometimes صُوفٌ is used in the sense of the n. un., as mentioned by Sb: (M:) the pl. of صُوفٌ is أَصْوَافٌ [meaning sorts of wool]: (M:) and the dim. of the n. un. is ↓ صُوَيْفَةٌ. (TA.) One says خَرْقَآءُ وَجَدَتْ صُوفًا [An unskilful woman that has found wool]: (As, O, K:) a prov. (As, O) relating to property possessed by such as does not deserve to have it: (As, TA:) because the unskilful woman, when she lights upon wool, mars it, (O, K,) not spinning it well: (O:) applied to the stupid person who finds property and wastes it; (O, K;) or to him who finds that of which he knows not the value, and wastes it. (Z, TA.) And one says, فُلَانٌ يَلْبَسُ الصُّوفَ وَالقُطْنَ, meaning Such a one wears what is made of wool and of cotton. (A, TA.) In the saying of a poet, حَلْبَانَةٍ رَكْبَانَةٍ صَفُوفِ تَخْلِطُ بَيْنَ وَبَرٍ وَصُوفِ [Of one that is milked and ridden, that yields a row of bowls of her milk, (but see صَفُوفٌ, of which other explanations have been given,) that mingles camels' fur and wool], the latter hemistich means, as Th says, accord. to IAar, that is sold, and with the price whereof are purchased camels and sheep: or, accord. to As, that is quick in her pace; the drawing back of her fore legs being likened to [the motion of] the bow of the نَدَّاف who mixes camels' fur and wool. (M.) One says also, أَخَذْتُ بِصُوفِ رَقَبَتِهِ (S, M, K, but in the M أَخَذَ,) and بِصُوفَتِهَا (M, O) and ↓ بِصَافِهَا, (M, K,) and بِطُوفِ رَقَبَتِهِ and بِطَافِهَا, and بِظُوفِ زَقَبَتِهِ and بِظَافِهَا, and بِقُوفِ رَقَبَتِهِ and بِقَافِهَا, (S, O,) meaning (tropical:) [I laid hold upon] the pendent hair in the hollow of the back of his neck: (IDrd, S, M, O, K:) or the downy hairs upon the back of his neck: (M, O:) or the skin of his neck: (IAar, S, O, K:) or the back of his neck, altogether: (Fr, S, O, K:) or I took him by force: (Abu-l-Ghowth, S, O, K:) or I followed him, thinking that I should not reach him, and overtook him; and this one says whether he lay hold upon his neck or not. (Abu-s-Semeyda', S, O, K.) And أَعْطَاهُ بِصُوفِ رَقَبَتِهِ (tropical:) [He gave it altogether]; like أَعْطَاهُ بِرُمَّتِهِ: or (as expl. by A' Obeyd, S, O) he gave it gratuitously; not taking a price. (S, O, K.) b2: صُوفُ البَحْرِ [lit. The wool of the sea] is a thing [or substance] in the form of the animal صُوف [i. e., of wool; evidently meaning sea-weed resembling wool; such as is found in abundance thrown up on the beaches of the Red Sea: and that this is generally, if not in every instance, meant by the identical Hebrew word סוּף, as used in the Bible, has been most satisfactorily shown in art. “ Red Sea ” (by my deeply-lamented nephew Edward Stanley Poole) in Dr. William Smith's “ Dictionary of the Bible ”]: it is said in one of the أَبَدِيَّات, [see art. ابد,] لَا آتِيكَ مَا بَلَّ بَحْرٌ صُوفَةً [I will not come to thee as long as a sea wets a portion of صُوف], or, as Lh relates it, مَا بَلَّ البَحْرُ صُوفَهُ [as long as the sea wets its صُوف; meaning, ever]. (M, TA.) صَوِفٌ: see صَافٌ.

صُوفَةٌ n. un. of صُوفٌ [q. v.]. (M &c.) b2: [Also applied by physicians to A pessary, or suppository, of wool, containing a medicament of some kind, to be inserted into the vagina or rectum.]

A2: Also Any of those who had the management of aught of the work of the بَيْت [meaning the House of God, i. e. the Kaabeh], and who were called ↓ الصُّوفَانُ: (M:) [accord. to the TA, it is said that الصُّوفَانُ and الصُّوفَةُ are both alike appel-lations applied to any of such persons:] J and others say that صُوفَةٌ was the father of a tribe of Mudar, who used to serve the Kaabeh, and to return with the pilgrims from ' Arafát, in the Time of Ignorance; and it is implied in the S [that they were also called آلُ صُوفَانَ, or] that صُوفَة was also called صُوفَان; and in a saying of Z, that الصُّوفَان and آلُ صُوفَان were appellations of one and the same people: [hence, app., the applications of صُوفَةٌ and صُوفَانٌ to any servants of the Kaabeh:] but accord. to Sgh and the K, آلُ صُوفَانَ is a mistake for آلُ صَفْوَانَ. (TA.) صُوفَانٌ, and its fem., with ة: see صَافٌ: A2: and for the former see also صُوفَةٌ.

A3: Also [A species of agaric, i. e., of the kind of fungus thus called;] a certain thing [or substance] that comes forth from the heart of trees, flaccid and dry, in which fire is struck, and which is the best of things for the purpose of those who strike fire. (TA.) صُوفَانَةٌ, applied to a ewe, is fem. of صُوفَانٌ: see صَافٌ. (AHeyth, TA.) b2: Also A certain herb, or leguminous plant, (بَقْلَةٌ,) downy, (M, K,) and short, (K,) mentioned by Aboo-Nasr as of the kind termed أَحْرَار [pl. of حُرٌّ], but not specifically described by him. (AHn, M.) صُوفِىٌّ, a post-classical word, A man of the people called the صُوفِيَّة: (Msb:) [formerly applied to any devotee: afterwards, particularly, to a mystic; one who seeks to raise himself to a high degree of spiritual excellence by contemplation of divine things so as to elicit the mysteries thereof:] the صُوفِيَّة may be so called [from the Greek sofos: or] in relation to the people called آلُ صُوفَان, [see صُوفَةٌ,] as resembling them in the devotion of themselves to religious exercises: or in relation to those called أَهْلُ الصُّفَّةِ, wherefore they are also called الصُّفِّيَّةُ: or in relation to الصُّوف [i. e. wool], which is proper to devotees and recluses: this last is the derivation commonly received. (TA.) صُوفَانِىٌّ; and its fem., with ة: see صَافٌ.

صُوَيْفَةٌ dim. of صُوفَةٌ, n. un. of صُوفٌ, q. v. (TA.) صَوَّافٌ A manufacturer of صُوف [or wool, or of woollen garments &c.]. (TA.) صَائِفٌ: see صَافٌ.

صَيِّفَةٌ, originally صَيْوِفَةٌ, A [garment of the kind called] جُبَّة having much صُوف [or wool]. (TA.) أَصْوَفُ: see صَافٌ.

صرف

الصَّرْفُ signifies The turning, or sending, or putting, a thing away, or back, from its way, or course; the causing it to turn away, or back; therefrom; the averting it, or repelling it therefrom: (M:) or the shifting a thing from one state, or condition, to another; (Bd in vi. 105;) and so ↓ التَّصْرِيفُ. (TA.) You say, صَرَفَهُ, (M, K,) or صَرَفَهُ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ, (Msb, TA,) i. e. عَنْ سَنَنِهِ, (TA in art. وجه,) aor. ـِ (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. صَرْفٌ, (M, Msb,) He turned, sent, or put, him, or it, away, or back, &c., (M, K,) from his, or its, way, or course. (M.) And نَفْسَهُ عَنِ ↓ صارف الشَّىْءِ, meaning صَرَفَهَا عَنْهُ [He turned himself away, or back, from the thing]. (M.) and صَرَفْتُ الرَّجُلَ عَنِّى [I turned the man away, or back, or I averted him, or repelled him, from me]. (S.) And صَرَفَ الصِّبْيَانَ He dismissed the boys, or sent them away, syn. قَلَبَهُمْ, (S, K,) from the school: (K:) or صَرَفْتُ الصَّبِىَّ I let the boy go his way; and in like manner, الأَجِيرَ the hired man. (Msb.) And صَرَفَ اللّٰهُ عَنْكَ الأَذَى [May God avert from thee harm]. (S.) And ↓ اصطرف وَجْهَهُ (K in art. سفو and سفى) [meaning صَرَفَهُ i. e.] He turned away his face. (TK in that art.) صَرَفَ اللّٰهُ قُلُوبَهُمْ, in the Kur [ix. 128], means God hath made them to err in requital of that which they have done: (M, TA:) or God hath turned them away, or may God turn them away, from belief. (Bd.) And سَأَصْرِفُ عَنْ آيَاتِى, in the Kur [vii. 143], means [in like manner] I will requite by causing to err from the direction of my signs. (O, TA.) [And one says also, صَرَفَهُ إِلَى كَذَا He turned him (i. e. another man, or the like, as in the Kur xlvi. 28), or it (for ex. his mind or intention), to such a thing.] b2: [Hence,] صَرَفَ الكَلِمَةَ, (TA,) inf. n. صَرْفٌ, (O,) He declined, or inflected, the word [i. e. the noun] with tenween. (O, TA.) See also 2. b3: [Hence, also,] الصَّرْفُ means The exchanging, or giving in exchange, gold for silver [and the reverse]: because it is turned (يُصْرَفُ) thereby from one metal to another. (M.) Yousay صَرَفَ الدَّرَاهِمَ He exchanged, or gave in exchange, the dirhems for [other] dirhems or for deenárs. (Mgh.) And صَرَفْتُ الذَّهَبَ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ I exchanged, or gave in exchange, the gold for dirhems: (Msb:) and الدَّرَاهِمَ بِالدَّنَانِيرِ [the dirhems for deenárs]. (S.) b4: It is said in a trad. respecting الشُّفْعَة [or the right of pre-emption], إِذَا صُرِفَتِ الطُّرُوقُ فَلَا شُفْعَةَ i. e. When the roads thereof are made distinct [app. by their being turned in different directions, from the house, or piece of land, in question, to the possessions of different proprietors, there is no right of pre-emption]: (TA:) the inf. n. of the verb in this case is صَرْفٌ. (TA.) b5: You say also, صَرَفْتُ المَالَ I expended the property; (Msb;) [and so ↓ صرّفتُهُ; for] التَّصْرِيفُ, (M,) or تَصْرِيفُ الدَّرَاهِمِ, (O,) فِى البِيَاعَاتِ, (M, O, K, *) means the expending of money [in the purchase of articles of merchandise]. (M, O, K. *) b6: And صَرَفْتُ الكَلَامَ I embellished the speech [app. by distorting it, or otherwise altering it]; and ↓ صَرَّفْتُهُ has a similar, but intensive, meaning: (Msb:) or صَرْفُ الحَدِيثِ means the embellishing of discourse, or speech, (A 'Obeyd, S, M, O, K,) by adding in it, (A 'Obeyd, S,) or and adding in it; (M, O, K;) and in like manner صَرْفُ الكَلَامِ: (K: [of which see another explanation voce صَرْفٌ:]) and is [said to be] from الصَّرْفُ in pieces of money, meaning “ the superiority of one over another in value. ” (O, K.) b7: صَرَفَ لِأَهْلِهِ [as though meaning صَرَفَ نَفْسَهُ لِأَهْلِهِ]: see 8. b8: [See also صَرْفٌ, below.]

A2: صَرَفَ الشَّرَابَ, (M, O, K,) inf. n. صُرُوفٌ, (M, TA,) He did not mix the beverage, or wine; (M, O, K, TA;) as also ↓ صرّفهُ, and ↓ اصرفهُ; the last mentioned by Th. (M, TA.) And صَرَفَ الخَمْرَ, (K, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. صَرْفٌ, (TA,) [or perhaps this should be صُرُوفٌ, as in the next preceding sentence,] He drank the wine unmixed; (K, TA;) [and so ↓ صَرَّفَهَا; for] تَصْرِيفُ الخَمْرِ, (S, O,) or التَّصْرِيفُ فِى الخَمْرِ, (K,) signifies the drinking of wine unmixed. (S, O, K. [Freytag has erroneously expl. صَرَفَ as meaning simply He drank wine.]) A3: صَرَفَتِ البَكْرَةُ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـِ (S, O,) inf. n. صَرِيفٌ, (S, M, O, K,) The sheave of the pulley caused a sound to be heard on the occasion of the drawing of water: (S, M, * O, K:) and the صَرِيف of the door, and of the tush of the camel, is like that of the sheave of the pulley; (S, O;) [i. e.] the صَرِيف of the door, (M, K,) and of the writingreed (M, Msb) and the like, (M,) is a creaking, or grating; (M, Msb, * K;) and so that of the tush of the camel: (K: [ونابُ البَعِيرِ in the CK is a mistake for ونابِ البعير:]) one says of a man, and of a camel, صَرَفَ بِنَابِهِ, (M, TA,) and صَرَفَ نَابَهُ, (TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. صَرِيفٌ, He grated his canine tooth [against its opposite] so as to cause a sound to be heard: (M, TA:) the صَرِيف of the stallioncamel is [indicative of] his threatening: (M:) or that of the canine tooth of the she-camel denotes her weariness; and that of the canine tooth of the he-camel, his lust: (IKh, TA:) or the صَرِيف of the stallion is from briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness; and that of the female, from fatigue. (As, TA.) [But] b2: صَرَفَتْ, (IAar, S, M, O, K,) aor. ـِ (S, M, O,) inf. n. صُرُوفٌ (S, M, O, K) and صِرَافٌ, (Lth, Lh, IAar, S, M, O, K,) said of a bitch, (S, O, K,) or of any female having a cloven hoof and of any having a claw, (Lh, M,) or of a ewe or she-goat and of bitch and of a cow, (Lth, TA,) or of any female animal of prey, but mostly of a bitch, (IAar, TA,) signifies She lusted for the male: (Lth, Lh, IAar, S, M, O, K:) and the epithet applied to such an animal is ↓ صَارِفٌ. (Lh, IAar, S, M, O, K.) 2 التَّصْرِيفُ [in its primary acceptation is like الصَّرْفُ in the primary acceptation of the latter, but generally relates to several objects, or is used in an intensive sense]: see 1, first sentence: it signifies The turning of the winds (Lth, O, K, TA) from one state or condition, to another; (O, TA;) or from one direction, or course, or way, to another; (Lth, O, K, TA;) and so of the torrents, and of the horse, and of affairs, and of the verses of the Kur-án; (Lth, TA;) the making of the winds to very, or differ; and so of the clouds; (M;) the changing of the winds to south and north [&c.] and hot and cold [&c.]; (Jel in ii.

159, and xlv. 4;) or the making of the winds to be south and north, and east and west, and to be of various sorts in their kinds: (TA:) or تَصْرِيفُ الآيَاتِ signifies [the varying, or diversifying, of the verses of the Kur-án, by repeating them in different forms; or] the making of the verses of the Kur-án distinct [in their meanings by repeating and varying them, as expl. by many of the expositors in the instances occurring in vi. 46 and 65 and 105, and xlvi. 26]. (O, K.) b2: It signifies also The deriving one word from another [by modification of the form for the purpose of modifying the meaning; including what we term the declining of nouns (like الصَّرْفُ) and the conjugating of verbs]. (O, K.) [The science of التَّصْرِيف in language is commonly termed عِلْمُ

↓ الصَّرْفِ.] b3: In relation to property, or money, see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b4: And in relation to speech, see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b5: One says also, صرّف الشَّىْءَ, (M,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) meaning He employed the thing in other [i. e. more] than one way; as though he turned it from one way to another way. (M, TA.) b6: And [hence,] صَرَّفْتُهُ فِى الأَمْرِ, (K,) or فِى أَمْرِى, speaking of a man, (S, O,) i. q. قَلَّبْتُهُ [meaning I employed him to act in whatsoever way he pleased, according to his own judgment or discretion or free will, or I made him a free agent, in the disposal, or management, of the affair, or my affair: or (assumed tropical:) I made him, or employed him, to practise versatility, or to use art or artifice or cunning, in the affair, or in my affair; for the quasi-pass., تصرّف, is said to be from الصَّرْفُ as signifying الحِيلَةُ, and is expl. as syn. with اِحْتَالَ: but the former meaning is the more common: and it is also used as meaning simply I employed him in the managing of the affair, or my affair]. (K.) b7: [Hence also, صرّف الفَرَسَ He exercised the horse.]

A2: صرّف الشَّرَابَ: and صرّف الخَمْرَ: see 1, latter half.3 صَاْرَفَ see 1, third sentence. b2: The inf. n. مُصَارَفَةٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) The dealing, or buying and selling, with any one بِصَرْفٍ [app. meaning with art or artifice or cunning, or it may perhaps mean in the exchanging of money: see صَيْرَفِىٌّ], (KL.) 4 اصرف الشَّرَابَ: see 1, latter half.5 تصرّف [quasi-pass. of 2: thus,] said of a man's face, It turned about; or was, or became, turned about; syn. تقلّب. (Jel in ii. 139.) b2: And It (a thing) was, or became, employed in other [i. e. more] than one way; as though it were turned from one way to another way. (M.) b3: [Hence,] تصرّف فِى الأَمْرِ, (K,) or فِى أَمْرِى, (S,) quasi-pass. of صَرَّفْتُهُ فِيهِ, (S, * O, K,) thus syn. with تقلّب [meaning He acted in whatsoever way he pleased, according to his own judgment or discretion or free will, or as a free agent, in the disposal, or management, of the affair, or my affair; or he was, or became, employed to do so]: (K:) or it is from الصَّرْفُ as signifying الحِيلَةُ; (S, M, TA;) i. e. it means (tropical:) [he practised versatility, or] he used art or artifice or cunning, in the affair, or in my affair; syn. اِحْتَالَ. (TA [and in like manner Bd in xxv. 20: but the former meaning is the more common: see also 8].) [It is also used as meaning simply He employed himself, or was employed, in the managing of the affair, or my affair; because the management of affairs generally requires the practice of versatility, or the use of art or artifice or cunning.]

b4: [Hence also, said of a horse, He was exercised.]7 انصرف, (S, M, O, K,) inf. n. اِنْصِرَافٌ, (O,) and مُنْصَرَفٌ is also sometimes an inf. n. thereof as well as a n. of place, (S,) quasi-pass. of صَرَفَهُ, (S, M,) said of a thing, (M,) or of a man; (S;) as such signifying It [or he] turned, or went, away, or back, from its [or his] way, or course; or was, or became, turned, or sent, or put, away, or back, therefrom; or averted, or repelled, therefrom: (M:) [or shifted from one state, or condition, to another: (see 1, first sentence:)] or i. q. اِنْكَفَّ; so in the copies of the K; but [this is an inadequate explanation;] the right [or better] explanation is انْكَفَأَ [i. e. he, or it, reverted, or returned; or was, or became, turned away or back]; agreeably with what is said in the O. (TA.) ثُمَّ انْصَرَفُوا in the Kur [ix. 128] means Then they return, or go back, from the place in which they have listened: or then they turn away from doing aught of that which they have heard. (M.) b2: [Accord. to Golius, it signifies also It ran in a small stream; or the like; for he explains it as meaning “ manavit: ” but for this he names no authority. b3: Said of a noun, it means It was inflected, or declined, with tenween.]8 اصطرف (tropical:) He sought, sought after, or sought to gain, sustenance or the like, (M, TA,) and used art or artifice or cunning [in so doing]; (M;) for his family, or household; (M, TA;) as also ↓ صَرَفَ, aor. ـِ you say, صَرَفَ لِأَهْلِهِ [as though meaning صَرَفَ نَفْسَهُ لِأَهْلِهِ] and اصطرف: (M:) or he used art or artifice or cunning (تصرّف) in the seeking of gain: (O, K, TA:) or [meaning thus] you say, اصطرف فِى طَلَبِ الكَسْبِ. (S.) A2: It is also trans.: you say, اصطرف وَجْهَهُ: see 1, first quarter. b2: And اصطرف الدَّرَاهِمَ He procured the dirhems in exchange for [other] dirhems or for deenars. (Mgh.) 10 اِسْتَصْرَفْتُ اللّٰهَ المَكَارِهَ (S, O, K) I begged God to avert from me the things, or events, that are objects of dislike or hatred. (O, K.) صَرْفٌ [as an inf. n.: see 1]. b2: Used as a subst., The evil accidents, mishaps, or calamities, of time, or fortune; [thus expl. as having a pl. signification;] صَرْفُ الدَّهْرِ meaning حَدَثَانُهُ, (S, M, O, K,) and نَوَائِبُهُ, (S, O, K,) or حَوَادِثُهُ; (Msb;) because it [i. e. time, or fortune,] turns things from their way, or course: (M:) [but it seems to be more properly rendered the shifting of fortune, or its shifting about; and to be an inf. n. sometimes used as a simple subst., and therefore having a pl., for] its pl. is صُرُوفٌ. (M, Msb.) In the phrase قَدْ شَحَطَتْ صَرْفُ نَوَاهَا, in a verse of Sakhr-el-Ghei, [ISd says,] he has made it fem. because of its dependance upon النَّوَى [which is fem.; as though the meaning were The afflictions that are the consequence of the course taken by her in her journey have exceeded the bounds of moderation]: (M:) [or it is here made fem. because having the signification of a broken pl., which is fem.:] or the meaning is, قَدْ بَعُدَتْ تَصَرُّفُ وَجْهِهَا الَّذِى أَخَذَتْ فِيهِ [i. e. the shiftingabout of her course that she has taken has become far-extending; صَرْف being thus used as an inf. n.; for the Arabs sometimes make the inf. n. fem., saying أَوْجَعَتْنِى ضَرْبُكَ as well as أَوْجَعَنِى

ضَرْبُكَ; (see EM p. 157;) and this I think the most preferable explanation]. (Skr in his Expos. of the Poems of the Hudhalees, p. 14 of the vol. edited by Kosegarten.) b3: Also Repentance. (S, M, O, Msb, K.) [See a phrase below, in which this and other meanings are assigned to it.] b4: And (tropical:) Art, artifice, or cunning. (Yoo, S, M, O, K, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [xxv. 20], فَمَآ

يَسْتَطِيعُونَ صَرْفًا وَلَا نَصْرًا (tropical:) [And they are not able to put in practice art or artifice or cunning, nor aid]: (S, TA:) or this means and they are not able to avert, or repel, from themselves punishment, (O, K, TA,) nor to aid themselves. (O, TA.) b5: And Excellence, or superiority, of a dirhem, (S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and of a deenár, (M,) over another, (S, M, &c.,) in goodness, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or in value; (M, Mgh, O, K;) as in the saying, بَيْنَ الدِّرْهَمَيْنِ صَرْفٌ [Between the two dirhems is a difference of excellence], because of the [superior] goodness of the silver of one of them: (S:) and in like manner, of speech; (O, K;) as in the saying فُلَانٌ لَا يَعْرِفُ صَرْفَ الكَلَامِ Such a one knows not the excellence of speech over other speech: (O:) and [in like manner] one says, لِهٰذَا عَلَى هٰذَا صَرْفٌ There is, or pertains, to this, an excess, and an excellence, over this; for when one is judged to excel, it, or he, is turned aside from its, or his, likes, or fellows. (O, K. *) b6: And The night; and the day: (K:) [because of their interchanging:] الصَّرْفَانِ signifies the night and the day; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ الصِّرْفَانِ; (K;) the latter accord. to Ibn-'Abbád; (O;) like الصِّرْعَانِ, with kesr also [as well as with fet-h]. (TA.) b7: In the saying (S, M, O, Msb) of the Arabs, (M,) or of the Prophet, (O, Msb,) in a certain trad., (K,) لَا يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ صَرْفٌ وَلَا عَدْلٌ [Neither صَرْف nor عَدْل shall be accepted from him], (S, M, * O, Msb, *) by صَرْف is meant repentance; (S, M, O, Msb, K;) and by عَدْل, ransom: (M, Msb, K:) or by the former, art, or artifice, or cunning; (Yoo, S, M, O, K;) and by the latter, ransom: (M:) or by the former, acquisition of gain; and by the latter, ransom: (K:) or by the former, a supererogatory act; (A'Obeyd, M, O, K;) and by the latter, an obligatory act: (A'Obeyd, M, K:) or vice versâ: (K:) or by the former, weight; and by the latter, measure: (M, O, K:) or by the former, deviation; and by the latter, a right, or direct, course: (IAar, M:) or by the former, مَا يُتَصَرَّفُ فِيهِ [app. meaning an evasive artifice]; and by the latter, a like: (Th, M:) or by the former, value, or price; and by the latter, a like; the saying originally relating to the bloodwit (الدِّيَة): one says, لَمْ يَقْبَلُوا مِنْهُمْ صَرْفًا وَلَا عَدْلًا, i. e. They did not accept from them a bloodwit, nor did they slay one man for him, of their people, who had been slain; but they required from them more than that; for the Arabs used [often] to slay two men, and three, for one man; when they slew a man for a man, that was العَدْل with them; and when they took a bloodwit, having turned from the blood to another thing, that was صَرْف, i. e. the value, or price, was صَرْف: then the saying was applied in relation to anything, so as to be proverbially used in the case of him who was to render more than was incumbent on him: it has also been said that by صَرْف is meant [in the saying cited above] something additional, or in excess; but this is nought. (M.) صِرْفٌ: see its dual in the next preceding paragraph, near the middle.

A2: Also Pure, unmixed, or free from admixture; (S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) applied to wine, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) or beverage, as meaning unmixed, (S, M, O, Msb,) and so ↓ مَصْرُوفٌ, (O, K,) and to other things, (K,) to blood, and to phlegm, (TA,) and to anything (M, Msb) as meaning free from turbid foulnesses: (Mgh, * Msb:) and ↓ صَرِيفٌ likewise signifies anything having in it no admixture. (TA.) A3: And A certain dye, (Msb,) a red dye, (S, O, K,) with which the thongs, or straps, of sandals are dyed, (S, O,) or with which the hide is dyed: (Msb:) or a certain red thing with which the hide is tanned (يُدْبَغُ [perhaps a mistranscription for يُصْبَغُ]). (So in a copy of the M.) الصَّرْفَةُ One of the Mansions of the Moon; [the Twelfth Mansion;] a single very bright star, β of Leo,] (S, O, K, and Kzw in his Descr. of the Mansions of the Moon,) by which are some small evanescent stars; (Kzw;) over against, (بِتِلْقَآء, so in my copies of the S,) or following, (O, K and Kzw ubi suprà,) الزُّبْرَة; (S, O, K, Kzw;) [i. e.] it is a single star behind the خَرَاتَانِ of the Lion; (M;) it is on the hinder part of the tail (ذَنَب) of the Lion; [wherefore it is called by our astronomers Deneb;] and is also called the قُنْب, which means the sheath of the penis, of the Lion: (Kzw in his Descr. of Leo: [in the S and O, erroneously, “the قَلْب of the Lion: ”]) [it rose aurorally, in Central Arabia, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, on the 8th of Sept., O. S.; and set aurorally on the 9th of March:] Ibn-Kunáseh says, (M,) it is called الصَّرْفَةُ because of the turning away of the cold (S, M, O, K) from the heat, (M,) and the coming of the heat, (S, O,) accord. to the [O and] K at its rising, but [as] IB says, correctly because of the turning away of the heat [at its rising], and the coming of the cold: (TA:) [i. e., correctly,] it is thus called because of the turning away of the cold at its setting in the early mornings, and the turning away of the heat at its rising from beneath the rays of the sun in the early mornings: (Kzw in his Descr. of Leo:) when it rises before the dawn, that is the beginning of autumn; and when it sets with the rising of the dawn, that is the beginning of spring. (M.) [Hence,] الصَّرْفَةُ is [called] نَابُ الدَّهْرِ الَّذِى

يُفْتَرُّ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) or نَابُ الدَّهْرِ الَّذِى يَفْتَرُّ عَنْهُ [The dog-tooth of time, or fortune, which it shows smiling]: for when الصرفة rises, [a mistake for “ sets, aurorally,”] the blossoms come forth and the herbage attains its full height: (M and K in art. فر:) in the T it is said that الصَّرْفَة is called by the Arabs نَابُ الدَّهْرِ [the dog-tooth of time, or fortune,] لِأَنَّهُ يَفْتَرُّ عَنِ البَرْدِ وَعَنِ الحَرِّ فِى

الحَالَتَيْنِ [i. e. because it smiles revealing (the advent of) the cold and (that of) the heat, in its two states (of auroral rising and setting)]. (TA.) A2: صَرْفَةٌ also signifies A certain kind of bead (خَرَزَةٌ); (Lh, S, M, O, K;) mentioned among those by means of which men are captivated, or fascinated, or restrained by women from other women; (S, O, K; *) or by means of which men are conciliated, so as to be turned thereby from their ways of acting or conduct or the like. (Lh, M.) A3: And A bow having upon it a black mark or spot (شَامَةٌ سَوْدَآءُ), the arrows of which, when they are shot, will not hit the object of aim. (O, K.) A4: And one says, حَلَبْتُ النَّاقَةَ صَرْفَةً, meaning I milked the she-camel in the early morning, between dawn and sunrise, and then left her until the like time of the morrow. (O, K. *) الصَّرَفَانُ Death; (M, K;) a name of death. (IAar, O.) A2: And صَرَفَانٌ signifies Lead; syn. رَصَاصٌ: (S, Msb, K:) or رَصَاصٌ قَلْعِىٌّ [q. v.]: (M:) and (K) accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, (O,) copper; syn. نُحَاسٌ. (O, K.) A3: And A sort of dates; (S, M, O, Msb;) a heavy sort of dates: (K:) n. un. with ة: (M:) AHn says, (M, O,) on the authority of certain of the Arabs, (O,) that the صَرَفَانَة is a red date, like the بَرْنِيَّة, (M, O, Msb,) but (M, O) hard to be chewed, (M, O, K,) tough, (M, O,) and the heaviest of all dates: (M, O, Msb:) persons having households and slaves and hired men provide it, because of its satisfying quality, (O, K, [but for لجرآتِهَا in the O, referring to the n. un., and لِجَزَاتِهَا in copies of the K, and لجِزايَتِها in the CK, I read لِجَزَائِهَا, which is evidently the right reading, and agrees with what here follows,]) and its standing in great stead: (O, K:) or it is the [sort of dates called] صَيْحَانِىّ [q. v.]: (K:) AHn says, En-Nowshajánee told me that the صَرَفَانَة is [called] الصَّيْحَانِيَّةُ in El-Hijáz, and in like manner its palm-tree. (O.) صَرَفَانَةٌ رِبْعِيَّهْ تُصْرَمُ بِالصَّيْفِ وَتُؤْكَلُ بِالشَّتِيَّهْ is one of their proverbs [expl. in art. ربع]. (AHn, O, K.) صَرَفِىٌّ A camel of a certain excellent sort; (M, O, K;) a rel. n.: (O, K:) or it is correctly with د; (O, * K;) i. e. صَدَفِىٌّ [q. v.]: (O:) some say that it is with د; and this is the right. (M.) صَرُوفٌ A she-camel that makes a grating, or creaking, sound with her tushes, or canine teeth. (S, O, K.) صَرِيفٌ inf. n. of 1 in the senses expl. in the last sentence but one of the first paragraph [q. v.]. (S, M, &c.) A2: See also صِرْفٌ. b2: Applied to milk, (S, M, O, K,) Just milked; (K;) brought away from the udder while hot, (S, M, O,) when milked. (S, O.) b3: Also Dry سَعَف [or palmbranches]: n. un. with ة: (AHn, M:) [i. e.]

↓ صَرِيفَةٌ signifies a dry سَعَفَة. (K.) And AHn says, (M, O,) in one place, (M,) الصَّرِيفُ signifies, (M, O, K,) as some assert, (O,) What has become dry, of trees; (M, O, K;) like الضَّرِيعُ; (M;) called in Pers\. حُذْخُوش, (so in copies of the K, in the CK خُدْخُوش, and in the O الخَذْخُوَش, [all app. mistranscriptions, for I find nothing like them in Pers\. except partially, i. e. خُوش meaning “ dry,” like خُشْك,]) and also called [in Arabic] القَفْلَةُ [the tree that has become dry]. (O.) [See also صَرِيعٌ, with the unpointed ص.]

A3: Also Silver: so in a verse cited voce إِنْ (page 107, third col.): (ISk, S, O:) or pure silver. (K.) A4: See also the next paragraph.

صَرِيفَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

A2: Also A thin, round cake of bread; syn. رُقَاقَةٌ: pl. صُرُفٌ and صِرَافٌ and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ صَرِيفٌ. (K.) خَمْرٌ صَرِيفِيَّةٌ Wine of صَرِيفُونُ, (S, O, K,) a place, (S, O,) i. e. a town, (O,) in El-' Irák, (S, O,) in the Sawád of El-' Irák near 'Okbarà, (O, TA;) not, as it is implied in the K, from another of the same name in Wásit: (TA:) or, as some say, wine just taken from the دَنّ [or jar]; like [as one says] لَبَنٌ صَرِيفٌ. (O, K.) صَرَّافٌ: see صَيْرَفِىٌّ: A2: and see also صَارِفٌ.

صِرِّيفٌ: see the next paragraph.

صَارِفٌ [act. part. n. of 1: as such having, among other meanings, the meaning of Grating, or creaking; or making a grating, or creaking, sound: and so ↓ صَرَّافٌ, but properly in an intensive sense; for] the dual of صَرَّافٌ is used by the poet Aboo-Khirásh as meaning two thongs of a sandal that make a creaking sound: (M:) [and ↓ صِرِّيفٌ likewise means making a creaking sound with the teeth: so accord. to Freytag, from Jereer.] One says, مَا فِى فَمِهِ صَارِفَةٌ, meaning He has not in his mouth a canine tooth [lit. a grater or creaker; for سِنٌّ صَارِفَةٌ a tooth that makes a grating, or creaking, sound]. (M.) A2: See also 1, last sentence.

صَارِفَةٌ: pl. صَوَارِفُ: see تَصَارِيفُ, below.

صَيْرَفٌ One who practices art or artifice or cunning, in the disposal, or management, of affairs; (S, M, O, K;) as also ↓ صَيْرَفِىٌّ; (S, O, K;) which latter is applied by the poet Suweyd Ibn-Abee-Káhil El-Yeshkuree [in the like sense] as an epithet to a tongue, in his saying, وَلِسَانًا صَيْرَفِيًّا صَارِمًا كَحُسَامِ السَّيْفِ مَا مَسَّ قَطَعْ

[And a cunning, sharp tongue, like the edge of the sword, what it touches it cuts]. (S, O.) b2: See also what next follows.

صَيْرَفِىٌّ i. q. ↓ صَرَّافٌ, (S, M, O, Msb,) or صَرَّافُ دَرَاهِمَ, (K,) and so ↓ صَيْرَفٌ, (M, Msb, K,) i. e. A money-changer; (M, Msb, TA;) except that صَرَّافٌ has an intensive signification [app. as meaning a skilful money-changer, and hence it is often used in the present day as meaning a banker]: (Msb:) all are applied to him who knows and distinguishes the relative excellence, or superiority, of pieces of money: (Mgh:) these appellations are from المُصَارَفَةُ, (S, O,) or from التَّصَرُّفُ, (M,) or from صَرْفٌ meaning “ excellence,” or “ superiority,” of one dirhem [or deenár] over another, (Mgh, and Msb on the authority of IF in relation to the first,) because such as excels, or is superior, is turned aside from the deficient: (Mgh:) the pl. is صَيَارِفَةٌ (S, M, O, K) and صَيَارِفُ (M) and صَيَارِيفُ, this last occurring in poetry, (S, M, O, K,) by poetic license, for the sake of the measure. (S, O.) b2: See also صَيْرَفٌ.

تَصَارِيفُ الأُمُورِ [and صَوَارِفُهَا pl. of ↓ صَارِفَةٌ] The varieties, or vicissitudes, of affairs or events. (M, TA.) مَصْرِفٌ A place of turning away or back: [see also مُنْصَرَفٌ:] hence, in the Kur [xviii. 51], وَلَمْ يَجِدُوا عَنْهَا مَصْرِفًا, (TA,) meaning [And they shall not find] a place to which to turn away, or back, from it: (Bd, Jel:) or, a turning away, or back, from it: (Bd:) pl. مَصَارِفُ. (TA.) مَصْرُوفٌ [pass. part. n. of 1: see its verb: b2: and] see مُنْصَرِفٌ: A2: see also صِرْفٌ.

مُتَصَرَّفٌ i. q. مُتَقَلَّبٌ [as meaning Place, or scope, or room, for free action]. (A, voce سَرْبٌ [q. v.]; and so in the Fáïk.) مُتَصَرِّفٌ is an epithet applied to a verb [as meaning That is perfectly inflected], opposed to جَامِدٌ [q. v.]. (TA, voce قَدْ.) b2: [ظَرْفٌ مُتَصَرِّفٌ and طَرْفٌ غَيْرُ مُتَصَرِّفٍ signify the same, respectively, as ظَرْفٌ مُتَمَكِّنٌ and ظَرْفٌ غَيْرُ مُتَمَكِّنٍ: see art. مكن. b3: وَكِيلٌ مُتَصَرِّفٌ, means A factor, an agent, or a deputy, who acts according to his own free will in the disposal, or management, of an affair.]

مُنْصَرَفٌ is a n. of place, [meaning A place of turning away or back, like مَصْرِفٌ,] as well as an inf. n. [of 7]. (S.) مُنْصَرِفٌ and غَيْرُ مُنْصَرِفٍ denote the two different sorts of nouns, (O, K,) meaning, respectively, [like ↓ مَصْرُوفٌ and غَيْرُ مَصْرُوفٍ,] Inflected, or declined, with tenween, and not so inflected or declined. (O, TA.)