غلو

1 غَلَا, aor. ـْ primarily signifies He, or it, exceeded the proper, due, or common, limit; was excessive, immoderate, or beyond measure; but the inf. n. differs in different cases, as will be shown in what follows: (Er-Rághib, TA:) it is said of anything as meaning it exceeded, or was excessive. (Msb.) b2: You say, غَلَا فِى الأَمْرِ, (S, K,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. غُلُوٌّ (S, K, TA) and غَلَانِيَةٌ; as also بِهِ ↓ تغالى; (K * and TA in art. غلى; [but belonging to the present art., as is said in the TA;]) He exceeded the proper, due, or common, limit, in the affair; was excessive, or immoderate, therein. (S, K, TA.) And غَلَا فِى الدِّينِ, aor. as above, inf. n. غُلُوٌّ, He acted, or behaved, with forced hardness, or strictness, or rigour, in religion, so that he exceeded the proper, due, or common, limit: whence the usage of the verb in the Kur iv. 169 and v. 81: (Msb, TA:) accord. to IAth, الغُلُوُّ فِى الدِّينِ is the investigating of the intrinsic states, or circumstances, of things, [in religion,] and [applying oneself to] the discovery of their causes, and of the abstrusities relating to the rites and ceremonies thereof. (TA.) [See also 3.] b3: And غَلَا بِالسَّهْمِ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (Msb, TA,) inf. n. غَلْوٌ (S, Er-Rághib, Mgh, Msb, K) and غُلُوٌّ; (K;) and بِهِ ↓ غالى, (Mgh, K,) and ↓ غالاهُ, (K,) inf. n. غِلَآءٌ (Mgh, K) and مُغَالَاةٌ; (K;) He shot the arrow to the furthest distance (S, Mgh, Msb) that he was able to attain: (S, Mgh:) or he raised his arms with the arrow, desiring [to attain with it] the furthest limit. (K, * TA.) And غَلَا السَّهْمُ The arrow rose in its course, and exceeded the [usual] limit; (K, TA;) and in like manner, الحَجَرُ the stone. (TA.) b4: And غَلَا السِّعْرُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, *) aor. as above, (Msb, TA,) inf. n. غَلَآءٌ, (S, Mgh, K,) or this is a simple subst., (Msb,) The price, or rate, at which a thing was to be sold, was, or became, high; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) or exceeded the usual limit; (Er-Rághib, TA;) contr. of رَخُصَ. (K.) b5: And غَلَا بِهَا عظم [i. e. عِظَمٌ, lit. Bigness exceeded the usual limit in her;] meaning she became plump, or fat: (TA:) one says, غلا بِالجَارِيَةِ عظم, and بِالغُلَامِ, [the girl, or young woman, became plump, or fat, and the boy, or young man,] in the case of their quickly attaining to young womanhood and young manhood. (TA in another part of this art.) b6: And غَلَا is said of anything as meaning اِرْتَفَعَ [i. e. It rose in degree; as is shown by the following ex.]: Dhur-Rummeh says, فَمَا زَالَ يَغْلُو حُبُّ مَيَّةَ عِنْدَنَا وَيَزْدَادُ حَتَّى لَمْ نَجِدْ مَا نَزِيدُهَا [And the love of Meiyeh ceased not to rise in degree with us, and to increase, so that we found not what more we might give to her]. (TA.) b7: See also 8. b8: And see 6.2 غَلَّوَ see art. غلى.3 غالى فِى أَمْرِهِ, inf. n. مُغَالَاةٌ, signifies [the same, or nearly the same, as غَلَا فِيهِ; i. e.] He exceeded the usual, or proper, bounds, or degree, in his affair; acted immoderately therein; or strove or laboured, or exerted himself or his power or efforts, or the like, therein; syn. بَالَغَ [q. v.]. (Msb.) b2: See also 1, near the middle, in two places. b3: غَالَى بِهِ, and غالاهُ, (S, Msb, K,) which latter is used by a poet for غالى به, (S,) He bought it at a high, or an excessive, price, namely, flesh-meat; (S, Msb;) as also بِهِ ↓ اغلى; (S;) and ↓ اغلاهُ, i. e. water, and flesh-meat [&c.]: (IKtt, TA: [see an ex. in a verse of Lebeed cited in art. دكن:]) or he exceeded what was usual in purchasing it, or in offering it for sale, and mentioning the price. (M, K, TA.) A poet says, نُغَالِى اللَّحْمَ لِلْأَضْيَافِ نِيْئًا وَنُرْخِصُهُ إِذَا نَضِجَ القُدُورُ [We purchase at a high price flesh-meat, for the guests, raw; and we make it to be low-priced when the contents of the cooking-pots are thoroughly cooked]: he has suppressed the ب [after نغالى], meaning it [to be understood]. (S, TA.) b4: and غالى فِى الصِّدَاقِ He made the dowry, or the gift to, or for, a bride, high, or excessive, in amount; [he was excessive, or exorbitant, therein;] whence the saying of 'Omar, لَا تُغَالُوا فِى صَدُقَاتِ النِّسَآءِ [Be not ye excessive, or exorbitant, in respect of the dowries of women]. (TA. [See also 6.]) b5: And غالاهُ, inf. n. مُغَالَاةٌ, signifies also He contended with him for superiority in tallness or in beneficence; syn. طَاوَلَهُ. (TA.) 4 أَغْلَوَ see 3, in two places. b2: اغلاهُ also signifies He (God) made it to be high, or excessive, (S, Msb, K, TA,) namely, the price, or rate, at which a thing was to be sold; (S, Msb, K, * TA; *) contr. of أَرْخَصَهُ. (TA.) b3: And He found it [a thing] to be high-priced: or he reckoned it to be so; as also ↓ استغلاهُ. (TA.) b4: And He lightened, or thinned, somewhat, its leaves, (K, TA,) namely, those of a grape-vine, in order that it might grow high, and become [more productive, or] in good condition. (TA.) A2: See also 6.5 تَغَلَّوَ see art. غلى.6 تَغَاْلَوَ see 1, second sentence. b2: تغالوا فِى الصَّدَاقِ They were excessive, or exorbitant, one towards another, in respect of the dowry, or the gift to, or for, a bride; contr. of تَسَاهَلُوا and تَيَاسَرُوا. (TA in art. يسر. [See also 3, last sentence but one.]) b3: تغالى said of a plant, or herbage, It grew high; (M, K, TA;) it became tall. (M, TA.) And, said of the same, It became tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense, and large; as also ↓ غَلَا, and ↓ اغلى, and ↓ اِغْلَوْلَى; (K;) or this last is said of a grape-vine, signifying its leaves became tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense, and its branches, or its shoots upon which were the bunches of grapes, or the buds of its leaves and berries, (نَوَامِيهِ,) became abundant, and it became tall. (TA.) b4: Also, said of the flesh of a beast, It rose, or went away, (اِرْتَفَعَ,) and became upon the heads of the bones: and it fell away on the occasion of preparing for racing, or the like, by scanty feeding &c.: (T, TA:) or, said of the flesh of a she-camel, it went away; syn. ذَهَبَ; (K;) or اِرْتَفَعَ and ذَهَبَ. (S.) 8 اغتلى He was, or became, quick, or swift; he sped, or went quickly; (S, K, TA;) said of a camel: (K, TA:) and he rose [in the degree of celerity] (اِرْتَفَعَ) so as to exceed goodness of rate, or pace; and in like manner one says [اغتلت] of any beast (دَابَّة); as also ↓ غَلَت, inf. n. غلو [app. غُلُوٌّ]. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَغْلَوَ see 4.12 اغلولى: see 6.

غَلْوَةٌ The limit, or utmost extent, of a shot or throw; (S, Mgh; *) [i. e.] any مَرْمَاة: (K:) [generally, a bow-shot; i. e.] the measure, space, or extent, of a single shooting of an arrow: (Har p. 234:) [or the utmost measure of a bow-shot; i. e.] a shot of an arrow to the utmost possible distance; also termed غَايَةٌ: (Msb:) said to be from three hundred to four hundred cubits: (Mgh, Msb:) the twenty-fifth part of a complete فَرْسَخ [q. v.]: (ISd, Z, Mgh, TA:) or it is reckoned by some as four hundred cubits, and by others as two hundred cubits: (Msb voce مِيلٌ [q. v.]:) pl. غَلَوَاتٌ (Msb, K, TA) and غِلَآءٌ. (S, * K, TA.) Hence, (TA,) it is said in a prov., جَرْىُ المُذَكِّيَاتِ غِلَآءٌ, (S, K, TA,) or, as some relate it, غِلَابٌ. (TA. See art. ذكو.) [Thus] غَلْوَةٌ is sometimes used in relation to horse-racing. (TA.) غَلْوَى i. q. غَالِيَةٌ. (K.) See the latter in art. غلى.

غُلَوَآءُ (S, K) and غُلْوَآءُ, (K,) the latter mentioned by Az, and app. a contraction of the former, (TA,) [and Freytag adds غُلُوَآء, for which I find no authority,] Excess, or exorbitance; (TA;) syn. with [the inf. n.] غُلُوٌّ. (S, K, TA.) One says, خَفِّفْ عَنْ غُلَوَائِكَ [Alleviate thine excess, or exorbitance]. (TA.) b2: And The quickness, or haste, or hastiness, and the first stage or state, of youth, or young manhood; (Az, S, K;) as also ↓ غُلْوَانٌ. (ISd, K, TA.) One says, فَعَلَهُ فِى غُلَوَآءِ شَبَابِهِ and شَبَابِهِ ↓ غُلْوَانِ [He did it in the quickness, or haste, &c., of his youth, or young manhood]. (TA.) b3: And غُلَوَآءُ signifies also The rising, or rising high, and increasing, of a plant, or of herbage. (Mz 40th نوع.) غُلْوَانٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

غَلَآءٌ the subst. from غَلَا السِّعْرُ; [as such signifying A high price, or rate, at which a thing is to be sold;] (Msb;) or it is an inf. n. (S, Mgh, K.) [See 1, latter half.]

A2: Also, [i. e.] like سَمَآءٌ [in measure], (K,) but in the copies of the M ↓ غَلَّآءٌ, with teshdeed, (TA,) A man who shoots the arrow far. (K.) A3: And A certain small, or short, fish, (K, accord. to different copies,) about a span [in length]: (TA:) pl. أَغْلِيَةٌ. (K.) غَلِىٌّ: see غَالٍ, in three places.

غَلَّآءٌ: see غَلَآءٌ.

غَالٍ [act. part. n. of غَلَا: and hence, Acting, or behaving, with forced hardness, or strictness, or rigour, in religion, so that he exceeds the proper, due, or common, limit: (see 1:) and particularly] an extravagant zealot of the class of innovators: pl. غُلَاةٌ. (TA in art. سبأ.) b2: and Shooting, or one who shoots, the arrow to the furthest distance. (Msb.) b3: And High, or excessive, (S, * Msb, K, TA,) applied to a price, or rate, at which a thing is sold; (S, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ غَلِىٌّ. (K, TA.) Hence one says, بِعْتُهُ بِالغَالِى and ↓ بِالغَلِىِّ I sold it, or bought it, at what was a high, or an excessive, price, or rate. (K, TA.) A poet says, وَلَوْ أَنَّا نُبَاعَ كَلَامَ سَلْمَى

↓ لَأَعْطَيْنَا بِهِ ثَمَنًا غَلِيَّا [And if we were sold the speech, or discourse, of Selmà, we would give for it a high, or an excessive, price]. (TA.) b4: Also Fat flesh-meat. (K.) غَالِيَةٌ: see art. غلى.

أَغْلَى More, or most, high [or excessive] in price: hence the saying, أَفْضَلُ الرِّقَابِ أَغْلَاهَا ثَمَنًا [The most excellent of slaves is the highest thereof in price]. (Mgh.) مِغْلًى [in the CK مِغْلَاء] An arrow with which one raises the arm [in shooting] in order to exceed with it the usual limit, or nearly to do so: (K, * TA:) or, accord. to the M, that is used in striving to exceed the usual limit: also termed ↓ مِغْلَاةٌ: pl. مَغَالٍ. (TA.) مِغْلَاةٌ: see what next precedes. b2: نَاقَةٌ مِغْلَاةُ الوَهَقِ A she-camel that goes quickly when her feet of her fore legs and of her hind legs fall in one place: (S: [it is there expl. by تَغْتَلِى followed by the words إِذَا تَوَاهَقَتْ أَخْفَافُهَا which I have here rendered accord. to an explanation in art. وهق in the O: but the phrase مغلاة الوهق is there mentioned as an ex. of الوَهَق as signifying “ the lasso; ” whence it appears that the phrase lit. means that exceeds the limit of the lasso; agreeably with the explanation of Golius, “rapide currens, et fugiens laqueum sibi injiciendum: ”]) or [the meaning is a she-camel that steps far in vying, or keeping pace, with another; for], in explaining the phrase مِغْلَاةُ الوَهَقِ, IB says that المِغْلَاةُ applied to the she-camel signifies اَلَّتِى

تُبْعِدُ الخَطْوَ; and الوَهَقُ signifies المُبَارَاةُ and المُسَايَرَةُ. (TA voce هِرْجَابٌ.) أَرْضٌ مُغْلَوْلِيَةٌ A land having abundant, and dense or luxuriant, herbage; and with ع also; i. q. مُغِمَّةٌ and مِغَمَّةٌ. (TA in art. غم.)

ثور

1 ثَارَ, aor. ـُ (M,) inf. n. ثَوْرٌ and ثُؤُورٌ and ثَوَرَانٌ, (M, K,) It (a thing, M) became raised, roused, excited, stirred up, or provoked; syn. هَاجَ; (M;) syn. of the inf. n. هَيَجَانٌ: (K:) as also ↓ تثوّر. (M, K.) b2: Said of dust, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb,) and of smoke, (M, A,) and of other things, (M, TA,) inf. n. ثَوْرٌ and ثُؤُورٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and ثَوَرَانٌ, (K,) (tropical:) It became raised, or stirred up; (Mgh, Msb;) and spread: (Mgh:) or rose, (S, M, A, K,) and appeared; (M;) as also ↓ تثوّر: (K:) also said of the redness in the sky after sunset, inf. n. ثَوْرٌ and ثَوَرَانٌ, (tropical:) it spread upon the horizon, and rose: (TA: [see ثَوْرٌ:]) and ثار, said of anything, means (assumed tropical:) it appeared and spread. (Mgh.) b3: Said of a camel lying upon his breast, He became roused, or put in motion or action; as also ↓ تثوّر. (TA.) b4: Said of the bird called القَطّا, (M, A,) inf. ns. as first mentioned above, (K,) or ثَوْرٌ and ثَوَرَانٌ, (M,) It rose (M, A, K) from the place where it lay; (M, A;) as also ↓ تثوّر: (K:) and of a swarm of locusts, it rose; (M, K;) as also ↓ تثوّر: (K:) or appeared; as also ↓ انثار. (TA.) b5: Also, (S, M,) inf. ns. as first mentioned above, (M, K,) He leaped, or sprang; (M, K;) as also ↓ تثوّر. (K.) You say, ثار إِلَيْهِ He leaped, or sprang, to, or towards, him, or it. (M.) And ثاربِهِ النَّاسُ The people leaped, or sprang, upon him. (S.) And ثار إِلَى الشَّرِّ He rose, or hastened, to do evil, or mischief. (Msb.) b6: ثار المَآءُ The water flowed forth with force; gushed forth. (TA.) b7: ثار بِهِ الدَّمُ, (TA,) inf. ns. as first mentioned above, (K,) (tropical:) The blood appeared in him; as also ↓ تثوّر. (K, * TA.) And ثار الدَّمُ فِى وَجْهَهِ (tropical:) The blood appeared in [or mantled in or mounted into] his face; as also ↓ انثار. (M.) b8: ثارت بِهِ الحَصْبَةُ, (S, M, A,) inf. n. ثَوْرٌ and ثُؤُورٌ and ثَوَارٌ [or ثُوَارٌ?] and ثَوَرَانٌ, (M,) (tropical:) The measles spread [or broke out] in him: (M:) and in like manner one says of anything that appears: (M:) one says, ثار, inf. n. ثَوْرٌ and ثَوَرَانٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) it appeared. (T.) And accord. to Lh, one says, ثار الرَّجُلُ, inf. n. ثَوَرَانٌ, meaning (tropical:) The man had the measles appearing in him. (M.) b9: ثار بِالمَحْمُومِ الثَّوْرُ (tropical:) Pimples, or small pustules, breaking out in the mouth, appeared in the fevered man. (A.) b10: ثارت الحُمَّى (assumed tropical:) [The fever rose, or became excited]. (TA from a trad.) b11: ثارت نَفْسُهُ (tropical:) His soul [or stomach] heaved; or became agitated by a tendency to vomit; syn. جَشَأَتٌ, (T, S,) i. e. اِرْتَفَعَتْ; (T;) or جَاشَتْ, (TA,) i. e. فَارَتٌ. (T.) b12: ثار الغَضَبُ, (Msb,) inf. n. ثَوْرٌ, (M,) (assumed tropical:) [Anger became roused, or excited, or inflamed: or became roused, or excited in the utmost degree: or boiled: or spread: (see ثَائرٌ, below:) or] became sharp. (M, Msb.) b13: ثارت بَيْنَهُمْ فِتْنَةٌ وَشَرٌّ (A, Msb *) (tropical:) Discord, or dissension, or the like, and evil, or mischief, became excited among them, or between them. (Msb.) 2 ثَوَّرَ see 4, in three places. b2: You say also, ثوّر الأَمْرَ, inf. n. تَثْوِيرٌ, (assumed tropical:) He searched, or sought, for, or after, the thing, or affair; inquired, or sought information, respecting it; searched, or inquired, into it; investigated, scrutinized, or examined, it. (M.) And ثوّر القُرْآنَ (assumed tropical:) He searched after a knowledge of the Kur-án, (S, K,) or its meanings: (M:) or he read it, and inquired of, or examined, diligently, those skilled in it, respecting its interpretation and meanings: (Sh:) or he scrutinized it, and meditated upon its meanings, and its interpretation, and the reading of it. (TA.) 3 ثاورهُ, (T, M, A, K,) inf. n. مُثَاوَرَةٌ (S, M, K) and ثِوَارٌ, (Lh, M, K,) He leaped, or sprang, upon him, or at him; he assaulted, or assailed, him; syn. وَاثَبَهُ, (T, S, M, A, K,) and سَاوَرَهُ. (T, A.) 4 اثارهُ, (T, S, M, A, Mgh, K,) and أَثَرَهُ, and هَثَرَهُ, (K,) [but in the M, I find أَثَرْتُهُ and هَثَرْتُهُ, (in the latter of which the ه is substituted for the أ of the former, as in هَرَاقَ for أَرَاقَ,) and it is evident that the author of the K erroneously supposed them to be from أَثَرَ and هَثَرَ, whereas they are from أَثَارَ and هَثَارَ, and are originally أَثْوَرُتُهُ and هَثْوَرْتُهُ, but, for أَثَرَهُ, SM appears to have read آثَرَهُ, for he says that it is formed by transposition,] inf. n. إِثَارَةٌ and إِثَارٌ; (Lh, M;) and ↓ ثوّرهُ; (M, K;) and ↓ استثارهُ; (T, M, A, K;) He raised, roused, excited, stirred up, or provoked, him or it; (S, M, A, Mgh, K;) [as, for instance,] an object of the chase or the like, (T, M, A,) a beast of prey, (T,) a lion, (M, A,) (assumed tropical:) dust, (M, Mgh,) (assumed tropical:) smoke, and any other thing: (M:) or he drew it forth: (M:) ↓ استثارهُ is [often used in this last sense, or as meaning he disinterred it, exhumed it, or dug it up or out,] said of a thing buried. (K in art. سوع.) You say, اثار فُلَانًا He roused such a one for an affair. (T.) And اثار البَعِيرَ He roused the camel lying upon his breast, or put him in motion or action. (T.) And البَرْكَ ↓ ثوّر, and ↓ استثارها, He roused the camels lying upon their breasts, and made them to rise. (S.) b2: اثار التُّرَابَ بِقَوَائِمِهِ He [a beast] scraped up the earth, or dust, with his legs. (T, M.) b3: اثار الأَرْضَ, (M, Mgh, Msb,) and أَثْوَرَهَا, (M,) He tilled the ground, or land; cultivated it by ploughing and sowing: (Mgh, Msb:) he turned the ground over upon the grain after it had been once opened: (M, TA:) he ploughed and sowed the land, and educed its increase, and the increase of its seed. (TA.) And أَثَارَتِ الأَرْضَ [She (a cow) tilled the ground]. (TA.) b4: اثار الفِتْنَةَ (tropical:) He (an enemy) excited discord, or dissension, or the like. (Msb.) And عَلَيْهِمُ الشَّرَّ ↓ ثوّر (inf. n. تَثْوِيرٌ, Msb) (tropical:) He excited evil, or mischief, against them, (T, S, A, * Msb, *) and manifested it. (S.) 5 تَثَوَّرَ see 1, in seven places.7 إِنْثَوَرَ see 1, in two places.10 إِسْتَثْوَرَ see 4, in three places.

ثَارٌ: see ثَأْرٌ.

ثَوْرٌ A bull: (S, M, Msb, K:) and ↓ ثَوْرَةٌ a cow: (S, M, Msb:) pl. [of pauc] أَثْوَارٌ (M, Msb, K) and ثِيْرَةٌ (S, M, K) and [of mult.] ثِيرَانٌ and ثِيَرَةٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and ثِوَرَةٌ (S, M, K) and ثِيَارٌ (M, K) and ثِيَارَةٌ; (M, TA:) Sb says of the pl. ثِيَرَةٌ that و in it is changed into ى because of the kesreh before it, though this is not accordant to general rule: (S:) accord. to Mbr, they said ثِيَرَةٌ to distinguish it from the ثِوَرَة of أَقط, and that it was originally of the measure فِعْلَةٌ: (S, M: * *) accord. to Aboo-'Alee, it is a contraction of ثِيَارَةٌ. (M.) [Hence,] الثَّوْرُ (tropical:) [The constellation Taurus;] one of the signs of the Zodiac. (S, M, K.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A lord, master, or chief, (M, A, K,) of a people. (A.) 'Othmán is called, in a trad., الثَّوْرُ الأَبْيَضُ; the epithet الابيض being added because he was hoary; or it may denote celebrity. (M.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Stupid; foolish; of little sense: (T, K:) a stupid, dull man, of little understanding. (T.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Possessed by a devil, or insane, or mad; syn. مَجْنُونٌ; so in copies of the K; but in some copies, [and in the CK,] جُنُون [diabolical possession, or insanity, or madness]. (TA; and thus in Har p. 415.) A2: A piece, (T, S, Mgh, Msb,) or large piece, (M, K,) of أَقِط, (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) i. e. milk which [has been churned and cooked and then left until it] has become congealed and hard like stone: (TA:) pl. [of mult.] ثِوَرَةٌ (T, S, M, K) and أَثْوَارٌ. (M, K.) A3: The green substance that overspreads stale water; (T, M, K;) this is called ثَوْرُ المَآءِ; (S, Msb;) syn. طُحْلُبٌ, (Az, T, S, M, Msb, K,) and عَرْمَضٌ, and غَلْفَقٌ; (M;) and the like thereof: (T, M:) and small rubbish, or broken particles of things, (Msb, TA,) or anything, (K,) upon the surface of water, (Msb, K, TA,) which the pastor beats to make the water clear for the bulls or cows. (Msb.) Accord. to some, it has the first of these meanings in the following verse of Anas Ibn-Mudrik El-Khath'amee: إِنِّى وَقَتْلِى سُلَيْكًا ثُمَّ أَعْقِلُهُ كَالثَّوْرِ يُضْرَبُ لَمَّا عَافَتِ البَقَرُ

[Verily I, with respect to my slaying Suleyk and then paying the price of his blood, am like the green substance upon the surface of stale water, that is beaten when the cows loathe the water]: but accord. to others, by الثور the poet means the bull; for the cows follow him: (M, TA:) the cows are not beaten, because they have milk; but the bull is beaten that they may be frightened and therefore drink. (S.) [See a slightly-different reading, and remarks thereon, in Ham p. 416: and see Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 330. The latter hemistich is used as a prov., applied to him who is punished for the offence of another.] b2: (assumed tropical:) Pimples, or small pustules, breaking out in the mouth, in a person who is fevered. (A.) b3: (tropical:) The redness shining, (نَائِرَةٌ, K,) or spreading and rising, (ثَائِرَةٌ, M,) in the faint light that is seen above the horizon between sunset and nightfall: (M, K:) or ثَوْرُ الشَّفَقِ the spreading appearance of the redness above the horizon after sunset. (S, A, Mgh.) You say, سَقَطَ ثَوْرُ الشَّفَقِ [The spreading appearance of the redness above the horizon after sunset sank down, or set]. (S, A.) With its سُقُوط commences the time of the prayer of nightfall. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) The whiteness in the lower part of the nail (M, K) of a man. (M, TA.) ثِيرٌ A covering of [or film over] the eye. (K.) One says, عَلَى عَيْنهِ ثِيرٌ Upon his eye is a covering [or film]. (TK.) ثَوْرَةٌ: see ثَوْرٌ.

A2: (assumed tropical:) An excitement: so in the saying, اِنْتَظِرْ حَتَّى تَسْكُنَ هٰذِهِ الثَّوْرَةُ [Wait thou until this excitement become stilled]. (S.) A3: (assumed tropical:) Many; a great number; much; or a large quantity; of men; (T, M, K;) and of wealth, or of camels or the like; (T, K;) like ثَرْوَةٌ: (T, M:) or not of wealth; for of this one says ثروة only. (M.) ثَوَّارَةٌ The [part of the body called the] خَوْرَان [q. v.]. (K.) دَبًى ثَائِرٌ [Locusts before they have wings] just coming forth from the dust, or earth. (T, S.) b2: ثَائِرُ الرَّأْسِ (tropical:) Having the hair of his head spreading out in disorder, and standing up: (As, T, * S, * TA:) or shaggy, or dishevelled. (T, A.) b3: رَأَيْتُهُ ثَائِرًافَرِيصُ رَقَبَتِهِ (tropical:) [I saw him with his external jugular veins, or with the sinews and veins of his neck, swelling by reason of anger]. (A.) b4: ثَائِرٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) Angry. (T.) b5: And (tropical:) Anger: (S, A, K:) [or an ebullition of anger, rage, or passion: whence the phrase,] ثَارَ ثَائِرُهُ, (T, S, M, A,) like فَارَ فَائِرُهُ, (T, A,) (tropical:) He was angry: (T:) or his anger became roused, or excited, (S, M,) or inflamed: (A:) or became roused, or excited, in the utmost degree: (TA:) or boiled: (S in art. فور:) or spread. (TA in that art.) أَرْضٌ مُثَارَةٌ Land ploughed up. (T.) أَرْضٌ مَثْوَرَةٌ A land abounding with bulls [and cows]. (Th, M, K.) مُثِيرَةٌ A cow that tills the ground; (Mgh, K;) and in like manner applied to bulls (ثيَرَةٌ). (T.)

وجس

1 وَجَسَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. وَجْسٌ and وَجَسَانٌ, He was frightened at some sound, or other thing, that fell into his mind, or ear. (TK.) [See also وَجْسٌ, below; and see 4, and 5.] This combination of letters generally denotes the perception of a thing of which one bears not any sound. (Sgh.) b2: وِجَسَ الشَّىْءُ, [aor. app. as above,] inf. n. وجْسٌ, i. q. خَفِىَ [app. meaning The thing was unperceived, or hardly perceived, by the eye, or ear, or mind; was hidden, or concealed; was low, faint, gentle, or soft, to the ear; or was obscure to the mind]. (IKtt.) 2 وَجَّسَ see 5, last signification but one.4 اوجس He conceived a thing in his mind; syn. أَضْمَرَ. (A.) So in the Kur, [xx. 70,] فَأَوْجَسَ فِى نَفْسِهِ خِيفَةً And he conceived in his mind a fear: (Aboo-Is-hák, S:) and ↓ تَوَجَّسَ signifies the same: (S:) or the above words of the Kur. signify he perceived, or felt, and conceived, in his mind a fear; (K;) and in like manner in the same book, [xi. 73, and] li. 28: or, as Aboo-Is-hák says, in one place, اوجس signifies fear fell into his mind. (TA.) See also 1, and 5.5 توجّس He listened to (S, A, K) a sound, (A,) or a low, faint, gentle, or soft, sound. (S, K.) Ex. توّجس رِكْزًا [He listened to a low, sound], occurring in a poem of Dhu-r-Rummeh: or, as some say, it means he perceived a low sound, and listened to it, being in fear. (TA.) [See also 4, where another signification of the same verb is mentioned; and see 1.] and آذَانُهَا ↓ إِسْتَوْجَسَتْ Their ears (referring to camels) listened, or endeavoured to hear. (IB, [in a marg. note in my copy of the TA, art. أنس.]) b2: [Hence,] توجّس عَنِ الأَخْبَارِ He sought to learn the news, or tidings, without others knowing of him. (Az, in TA, voce تَحَدَّسَ.) b3: Also, توجّست الأَذُنُ The ear heard a low, faint, gentle, or soft sound; as also ↓ وَجَّسَت. (TA.) b4: Also, توجّس He tasted food, and beverage, time after time, little and little at a time. (K.) 10 إِسْتَوْجَسَ see 5.

وَجْسٌ A fright of the heart: (S:) or fright that falls into the heart, or into the ear, from a sound or some other thing; (Lth, A, K;) as also ↓ وَجَسَانٌ. (K.) [See 1, of which each is an inf. n.] b2: A low, faint, gentle, or soft, sound. (A 'Obeyd, S, K.) [And particularly The sound denoted in the words here following, and explained in a former art., voce فَهَرَ.] It is said in a trad., نَهَى عَنِ الوَجْسِ, meaning, He forbade a man's being with his slave-girl, or his wife, when another female would hear their low sound. (K, * TA.) And in another it is said, respecting the same case, that they used to dislike [what is termed] الوَجْس. (S.) A2: See also أَوْجَسُ.

وَجَسَانٌ: see 1, and وَجْسٌ.

وَجَّاسٌ is syn. with عَالِمٌ [Knowing, &c.]; and therefore made trans. by means of بِ in the saying of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, ذُو مِرَّةٍ بِدِوَارِ الصَّيْدِ وَجَّاسُ [An intelligent person, acquainted with the circumvention of game: see دَاوَرَهُ]: (M, art. دور:) (ISd holds it to be a possessive epithet, since it has no known verb [of a suitable meaning that is unaugmented]: or [the meaning of these words is, a person possessing skill in circumventing game, a listener, or attentive, to their sounds and motions; for], accord. to Es-Sukkaree, رجّاس means يَتَوَجَّسُ. (TA.) وَاجِسٌ An opinion, idea, or object of thought, bestirring itself, or occurring, in the mind; syn. هَاجِسٌ, (S, K,) i. e., خَاطِرٌ. (TA.) أَوْجَسُ A little of food, and of beverage. (K.) One says, مَا دُقْتُ عِنْدَهُ أَوْجَسُ I tasted not, at his abode, any food; (El-Umawee, S;) and [in like manner] ↓ وَجْسًا. (TA.) And مَافِى سِقَائِهِ

أَوْجَسُ There is not in his skin a drop: thus the phrase is given, without the mention of beverage: or a drop of water. (TA.) It is said that the word is not used except in negative phrases. (TA.) b2: Also, الأَوْجَسُ and الأَوْجُسُ (S, K) the latter on the authority of Yaakoob, (S, TA,) but the former is the more chaste, (TA,) Time; syn. الدِّهْرَ. (S, K.) Hence the saying, (TA,) لَاأَفْعَلُهُ سَجِيسَ الأَوْجَسِ, (S, K,) and الأَوْجُسِ, (S,) I will not do it ever. (ISk, S, K.) And أَفْعَلُهُ سَجِيسَ عُجَِيْسَ الأَوْجَسٍ I will not do it while time lasts. (El-Fárisee.)

زلج

1 زَلَجَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. زَلْجٌ and زَلَجَانٌ and زَلِيجٌ; and ↓ انزلج; He went a gentle pace: and he walked, or ran, quickly: (L:) or زَلْجٌ signifies the being quick in going and in other things: and the going quickly: (TA:) and زَلَجَانٌ, the advancing, or preceding, (O, K, TA,) quickly, (O,) or in journeying: (TA: [see also زَلَــخَانٌ:]) or, as some say, the going a gentle pace. (TA.) Yousay of a she-camel, زَلَجَتْ, aor. ـِ inf. n. زَلْجٌ, She went swiftly, [appearing] as though she did not move her legs by reason of her swiftness. (Lth, TA.) And زَلَجَتْ occurring in a verse of Dhu-r-Rummeh, [app. referring to draughts of water,] is expl. as meaning They descended quickly into the entrance of the gullet, by reason of vehemence of thirst. (TA.) You say also, زَلَجَتْ رِجْلُهُ His foot slipped; as also زَلَخَتْ. (Az, L and TA in art. زلخ.) And مَرَّ يَزْلِجُ, inf. n. زَلْجٌ and زَلِيجٌ, He, or it, passed, going lightly upon the ground. (S, K.) And, of an arrow, يَزْلِجُ عَلَى وَجْهِ الأَرْضِ [app. It goes along lightly upon the ground]: and يَمْضِى مَضَآءً زَلْجًا [app. meaning the same]. (TA.) And زَلَجَ السَّهْمُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. زُلُوجٌ and زَلِيجٌ, The arrow fell upon the ground, and did not go straight to the animal at which it was shot. (TA. [See also زَلَخَ.]) b2: زَلَجَ, aor. ـِ also signifies He escaped from difficulties, troubles, or distresses. (TA.) b3: And He drank vehemently of anything. (TA.) A2: See also 4.2 زلّج, inf. n. تَزْلِيجٌ, He uttered, and made current, his words, or speech, (K, TA,) and an ode, or an oration. (TA.) b2: And تَزْلِيجٌ signifies also The striving to retain life with a bare sufficiency of the means of subsistence; التَّزْلِيجُ being expl. by مُدَافَعَةُ العَيْشِ بِالبُلْغَةِ. (K.) 4 ازلج السَّهْمَ He made the arrow to fall upon the ground, and not to go straight to the animal at which it was shot. (TA. [See also 4 in art. زلخ.]) b2: ازلج البَابَ He closed, or made fast, the door with the مِزْلَاج [q. v.]; (S, * K;) as also ↓ زَلَجَهُ, (K,) inf. n. زَلْجٌ. (TA. [See, again, 4 in art. زلج.]) 5 تزلّج He, or it, slipped, or slid along or down; syn. تَزَلَّقَ: (S, TA:) his foot slipped. (KL. [See also 5 in art. زلخ.]) b2: One says of an arrow, يَتَزَلَّجُ عَنِ القَوْسِ or ↓ يَنْزَلِجُ [It slips from the bow]. (S and K, accord. to different copies.) A2: Also He persevered, or persisted, in drinking the beverage called نَبِيذ, (Lh, K, TA,) and wine; (Lh, TA;) like تسلّج. (TA.) 7 إِنْزَلَجَ see 1, first sentence: b2: and see also 5 and زَلُوجٌ, and مِزْلَاجٌ.

زَلْجٌ, as an epithet applied to a place, (S, TA,) Slippery; syn. [زَلْقٌ and] زَلَقٌ; [like زَلْخٌ;] as also ↓ زَلَجٌ (S, K) and ↓ زَلِيجٌ. (TA.) b2: See also زَالِجٌ.

A2: [Explained by Freytag as meaning “ Quod aliquis in jaculando multum tollit manum, ut majori vi mittat telum,” on the authority of Meyd, it is app. a mistranscription for زَلْخٌ, q. v.; or it may be a dial. var. of the latter.]

زَلَجٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

زُلُجٌ Smooth rocks; (K;) because the feet slip from them. (TA.) زَلَجَى, like جَمَزَى [in measure and meaning], and ↓ زَلِيجَةٌ, (K, TA,) and ↓ زَلُوجٌ, (TA,) applied to a she-camel, Quick, or swift, (K, TA,) in pace, or journeying: or, as some say, that quickly finishes in being milked. (TA.) زِلَاجٌ: see مِزْلَاجٌ.

زَلُوجٌ Quick, or swift; (K;) as also ↓ زَالِجٌ, applied to anything. (Ham p. 764.) See also زَلَجَى. [And see زَلُوخٌ.] b2: An arrow, such as is called قِدْح, that slips (↓ يَنْزَلِجُ) quickly from the hand, (K, TA,) or from the bow. (TA.) See also زَالِجٌ. b3: Applied to a well, i. q. زَلُوخٌ [q. v.]. (TA in art. زلخ.) b4: عُقْبَةٌ زَلُوجٌ A far-extending, long [stage of a journey]; (Lh, K;) as also زَلُوقٌ. (Lh, K in art. زلق, and TA. [In the CK, in this art. and in art. زلق, عَقَبَةٌ: in my MS. copy of the K, in this art., عقَبةٌ; but in art. زلق, عُقْبَةٌ, which is the right reading. See also زَلُوخٌ.]) So in the saying, سِرْنًا عقبةً زَلُوجًا [We journeyed a farextending, long stage]. (Lh, TA.) زَلِيجٌ: see زَلْجٌ: b2: and its fem., with ة: see زَلَجَى.

زَالِجٌ: see زَلُوجٌ. b2: Also An arrow that slips (يَتَزَلَّجُ or يَنْزَلِجُ [see 5]) from the bow; (S, K;) and so ↓ زَلُوجٌ [q. v.]: (K:) or an arrow that is shot by the archer, and falls short of the butt, striking violently upon a rock, and bounding up from it to the butt: but such is not reckoned مُقَرْطِس: (AHeyth, TA: [see also زَالِخٌ:]) and ↓ زَلْجٌ, as though an inf. n. used as an epithet, an arrow that falls upon the ground, and does not go straight to the animal at which it is shot. (TA.) b3: Also Escaping from difficulties, troubles, or distresses. (K.) b4: And Drinking vehemently (K) of anything. (TA.) مِزْلَجٌ, written in Freytag's Lex. مِزْلج, there expl. as meaning Quickly, or swiftly, passing; on the authority of the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen.]

مُزَلَّجٌ Small in quantity or number: (K:) a mean, paltry, small, or little, gift: (S, TA:) one hat is imperfect, or incomplete: and anything that is not done superlatively, excellently, consummately, thoroughly, or soundly: (TA:) anything low, base, vile, mean, paltry, inconsiderable, or contemptible. (K. [See also مُزَلَّخٌ.]) b2: Love (حُبّ [in the CK, erroneously, حَبّ]) that is not pure, or not genuine. (K.) b3: Having little taste. (Ham p. 404.) b4: Small in body. (Ham ibid.) b5: And hence, (Ham ibid.,) A man (K) deficient, or defective, (K, Ham,) in manliness, or manly virtue or moral goodness, (Ham,) and weak: (TA:) or defective in make: and deficient in prudence, or discretion, and precaution, or sound judgment, or firmness of mind or of judgment: (TA:) and niggardly. (K.) b6: One who is consociated with a people, not being of them: (S, K, TA:) or, as some say, i. q. دَعِىٌّ [i. e. one whose origin, or lineage, is suspected; or an adopted son; &c.]. (TA.) b7: Also Life striven to be retained (مُدَافَعٌ) with a bare sufficiency of the means of subsistence. (TA.) مِزْلَاجٌ (S, K) and ↓ زِلَاجٌ (K) [A kind of latch, or sliding bolt; like مِزْلَاقٌ and مِزْلَاخٌ;] a [thing like the] مِغْلَاق, except that it is opened with the hand, whereas the مغلاق is not to be opened save with the key: (S, K:) a wooden thing by means of which one closes or makes fast [a door]: (Ham p. 764; in explanation of the former word:) so called because of the quickness with which it slips (↓ لِسُرْعَةِ انْزِلَاجِهِ): but ISh describes the kind of مزلاج used by the people of El-Basrah as having a crooked iron key, which slips into a hole in the door, by means of which the door is locked: pl. مَزَالِيجُ. (TA.) A2: Also the former word, applied to a woman, Having little flesh in her posteriors, or posteriors and thighs; or having small buttocks, sticking together; syn. رَسْحَآءُ. (S, K.)

زيد: زاد: كثر، وفر، نما، ازداد وتوافر. وفي قصة عنتر: زاد به الغَيْظ، انظر منتخبات من هذه القصة عند كوسج (طرائف ص87، 90، 93، 94).
زاد: زايد في السعر، أغلى الثمن (بوشر)، ويقال: زاد في الثمن (المقري 1: 302)، وزاد في الكتاب: رفع ثمنه (المقري 1: 8، 13).
زاد في: وسع، يقال مثلاً: زاد في المسجد أي وسعه (معجم البلاذري، المقري 1: 359، الجريدة الآسيوية 1849، 1: 189).
زاد وكثر: ذهب بعيداً، جاوز الحد (بوشر).
زاد وزاد في: أضاف إلى البيت بناية أخرى (معجم البلاذري، المقري 1: 359، الجريدة الآسيوية 1849، 1: 189).
أزاد: أضعف، ضاعف (بوشر).
أزاد في الكيل: أفعمه وملأه (بوشر).
تزيَّد: زاد في معلوماته، في حيّان - بسّام (3: 5ق): كان رجلاً واسع العلم ولم يشغله عن التَزَيُّد عظيما ما مارسه من الحروب.
تزيَّد: جرى، حدث، وقع ز ففي أبو حمو (ص83): ثم أن أبني رئيس الشرطة، سيمثل بين يديك ليخبرك بما تزيّد في ليلتك حتى لا يخفي عليك شيء من أحوال رعيتك.
تزايد: توسع وتكاثرت أموال وثروته (بوشر).
تزايد الغلام: ولد بعد أن أصبح أبوه شيخاً وخشي أن يموت دون أن يخلف من يرثه، ففي تاريخ تونس (ص129): وجاء البشير من الدولة العليَّة مخبراً بتزايد غلام للسلطان مصطفى خان بعد إياس، وفيه: ترك أبناً تزايد له من ابنة الخ.
زِيدان: نغمة من نغمات الموسيقى (هوست ص258)، وعند سلفادور (ص54): زَيْدان.
زِيَادة: كثرة، وفرة (بوشر).
زيادة: مزايدة، رفع ثمن الشيء إلى أكثر مما وصل إليه في المزايدة، أو إعطاء ثمن أكثر مما قدمه آخر (المقري 1: 302، ألف ليلة 3: 78). الزيادة: من يزيد؟ من يرفع الثمن فيقدم شعراً أعلى؟ (جاكسون ص132). وخمسين ريال عل الزيادة أي خمسين ريالاً أكثر (جاكسون تمبكتو ص95).
الزيادة عند الصوفية: شيء أكثر من الجنة (الحسنى) وهو رؤية الله تعالى (المقري 1: 584)، وهو في (ص583) يشير إلى الآية (10: 27): لِلّذين أَحْسَنُوا الحُسْنَى وزِيَادَةً (المقري 1: 893).
زيادة: بإفراط، ففي ألف ليلة (3: 196): مع زيادة صغره أي رغم إفراط قصره (بوشر).
زيادة: واجهة الكنيسة ذات الباب الكبير (ألكالا).
زيادة: رواق، أسطوان (ألكالا).
الزيادة: اسم باب جامع في دمشق (المقري 1: 720).
زيادة لحم أو زيادة لحميَّة: غدَّة (بوشر).
زيادة الحمير عند الفرس، انظر ابن العوام (2: 655).
زائد، الزائد: ما يزداد على الإيجار، وهو يحب دفعه أكثر من الإيجار السابق (المقري 1: 602).
زائداً على (عبد الواحد ص261)، وزائداً إلى (ابن بطوطة 4: 300): علاوة على ذلك، فوق ذلك.
زَائِدَة: نتوء في العظم. وزائدة عظمية: عَرَن، ورم عظمي. وزائدة لحمية: نتوء فطري (بوشر)، وورم يظهر في طرف قصبة الساق في الأرجل الأمامية والخلفية، ويسمى بالفرنسية Suros: أي مشش، كنب في ساق الفرس، جسأة، شوّنة.
ذو الزوائد: النعام (ديوان امرئ القيس ص45 البيت السادس).
مزاد: موضع المزايدة وموضع البيع بالمزاد (بوشر).
مزيد: ضيف يحمل الطعام إلى بيته (دوماس حياة العرب ص314).
مزيود: مولود (بوشر بربرية، رولاند).
مستزيد: طموح (دي ساسي طرائف 2: 97، 274).

زيد

1 زَادَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. زِيَادَةٌ (S, A, * Msb, K *) and زَيْدٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, *) with which are syn. زِيدٌ (S, K) and زَيَدٌ (K) and مَزِيدٌ (S, K) and زَيْدَانٌ, which last is anomalous, like شَنْآنٌ (K) and لَيَّانٌ, said to be the only instances of the kind, (TA,) all as inf. ns., (TK,) and so is مَزَادٌ, (TA,) and J adds that زُوَادَةٌ is mentioned by Yaakoob, from Ks, from El-Bekree, as syn. with زِيَادَةٌ, but this is a mistake, which is unfairly imputed to J by the author of the K, (MF,) [who says,] as to الزُّوَادَةُ, it is a mistranscription by J, for the words are الزُّوَارَةُ and الزِّيَارَةُ, [in the CK الرُّوادةُ and الرِّيادةُ,] with ر, and without the mention of [the signification of] النُّمُوُّ, (K, TA,) It (a thing, S, Mgh, Msb, [as, for ex.,] water, and property, A) increased, or augmented, or grew; (S, A, TA;) [and in like manner said of a man, and of any animal;] as also ↓ اِزْدَادَ: (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) or this latter has a more intensive signification than the former, like اِكْتَسَبَ in relation to كَسَبَ. (MF. [See also 5.]) In this sense it has a single objective complement; as in زَادَ كَذَا It, or he, increased, or augmented, or grew, in such a thing; as also ↓ اِزْدَادَ. (TA.) [The latter is more commonly used in this manner.] You say, ↓ اِزْدَدْتُ مَالًا (A, Mgh, Msb) [I increased in property: also] meaning I increased to myself, or for myself, property. (Mgh, * Msb.) And الأَمْرُ ↓ ازداد صُعُوبَةً [The affair increased in difficulty]. (A.) b2: [Also It exceeded; it was, or became, redundant, or superfluous; it remained over and above. And زَادَ عَلَيْهِ It exceeded it; as also ↓ تزايد.] You say, زَادَ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ ضِعْفَهُ [It exceeded the thing by the like thereof, or more]. (A.) and زَادَ عَلَى مَا أَرَادَ [It exceeded what he desired]. (A.) b3: Also He gave an addition: so in the saying, فَقَدْ أَرْبَى ↓ مَنْ زَادَ وَازْدَادَ He who gives an addition, and who takes it, [each of these] practises usury. (Msb.) b4: [And He added, or exaggerated.] يَزِيدُ فِى حَدِيثِهِ [He adds, or exaggerates, in his narration, or talk, or discourse,] is said of a liar. (A and TA voce سَرَّاجٌ. [See also 5.]) A2: It is also trans.: (Msb:) you say, زَادَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. زِيَادَةٌ, He increased it, or augmented it. (L.) And in this sense it is doubly trans.: (MF:) you say, زَادَهُ اللّٰهُ خَيْرًا, (S, K,) or مَالًا, (A,) [God increased to him, or added to him, good fortune or prosperity or the like, or property; increased, or added to, his good fortune, &c.; or may God increase &c.;] as also ↓ زَيَّدَهُ: (K:) and زَادَ فِيمَا عِنْدَهُ, (S,) or فِى مَالِهِ, (A,) [He increased, or added to, what he possessed or his possessions, or his property; or may He (i. e. God) increase &c.] b2: زَادَهُ also signifies He gave him an increase, or an addition, or more. (Msb.) See 10. b3: You say also, مَا يَزِيدُكَ أَحَدٌ عَلَيْهِ [No one is more sufficient for thee than he]. (K in art. زند. [See 4 in that art.]) And لَا يَزِيدُكَ عَلَيْهِ جَمَلٌ No camel will be more sufficient for thee than he; i. q. لَا يَضُرُّكَ. (ISk, S in art. ضر [in which see other exs.].) 2 زيّد, [inf. n. تَزْيِيدٌ,] said of property, It increased, or augmented, much. (A.) A2: See also 1, latter part.3 زايد أَحَدُ المُتَبَايِعَيْنِ الآخَرَ, inf. n. مُزَايَدَةٌ, [One of the two persons buying together outbade the other: see also 6.] (A.) 5 تزيّد It (a price, S, A) was, or became, excessive, or dear; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ تزايد. (A, TA.) b2: He added, or exaggerated, (MA,) or lied, (S, MA, K,) in narration, or discourse. (S, MA. [See also 1, latter half.]) And He affected to exceed the due bounds in his narration, or discourse, and his speech; (TA;) he affected excess in speech, &c.; (K, TA;) i. e. in speech and in action; (TA;) as also ↓ تزايد: (K:) or التَّزَيُّدُ فِى الحَدِيثِ means the embellishing narration, or discourse, with lies, and adding in it what does not belong to it. (Har p. 195.) In the verse of 'Adee cited in art. زند, the last word is تَزَيَّدِ as some relate it, or تَزَنَّدِ as others relate it. (TA.) b3: He went a pace exceeding that termed العَنَق. (S, K. [See also ذَمَلَ, and نَصَبَ السَّيْرَ, and وَسَجَ.]) And تزيّدت She (A camel) stretched forth her neck, and went a pace exceeding that termed العَنَق, as though she were swimming with her rider?? (A, TA:) and in like manner one says of a mare, or horse. (TA.) And تزيّدت الإِبِلُ فِى سَيْرِهَا The camels tasked themselves in their pace beyond their ability. (TA.) 6 تزايد [It increased, augmented, or grew, gradually; contr. of تَنَاقَصَ]. See also 1. and see 5, in two places. تزايدوا عَلَى السِّلْعَةِ [They bade, one against another, for the commodity, or article of merchandise, successively raising the price]: said of the people of a market when a commodity is sold to him who bids more than others. (L.) And تزايدوا فِى الثَّمَنِ حَتَّى بَلَغَ مُنْتَهَاهُ [They augmented the price, one outbidding another, until it attained its utmost]. (A, TA.) 8 اِزْدَادَ [originally اِزْتَادَ]: see 1, in four places. b2: Also He took an addition. (Msb.) See, again, 1. b3: Also He took in addition: so in the saying, إِذَا ازْدَادَ الرَّاهِنُ دَرَاهِمَ مِنَ المُرْتَهِنِ [When the pledger takes money in addition from the receiver of the pledge]. (Mgh.) One says also, اِزْدَدْ مِنَ الخَيْرِ [Obtain thou, or gain thou, somewhat in addition of what is good: or it may mean seek thou, or desire thou, an increase, or addition, of what is good]. (A.) See what next follows, in two places.

10. استزاد He sought, or desired, or demanded, an increase, an addition, or more; (A, Mgh, Msb;) as also ↓ اِزْدَادَ; whence the saying, to a man to whom a thing has been given, ↓ هَلْ تَزْدَادُ Dost thou seek, or desire, or demand, more than what I have given thee? (L.) b4: [Hence,] هُوَ يَسْتَزِيدُ فِى حَدِيثِهِ [He seeks, or desires, to add, or exaggerate, or to exceed the due bounds, or to embellish with lies and additions, in his narration, or discourse]. (A, TA. [See also 5.]) b5: استزادهُ He sought, or desired, or demanded, of him an increase, an addition, or more. (Msb, K.) Yousay, ↓ لَوِ اسْتَزَدْتُهُ لَزَادَنِى If I had sought, or desired, or demanded, an increase, &c., he had given me an increase, &c. (Msb.) b6: [And hence,] (tropical:) He reckoned him, or held him, to have fallen short of doing what he ought to have done, (S, A, K, TA,) and complained of him, (A, TA,) or reproved him, for a thing that he did not approve. (TA.) And كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ كِتَابَ اسْتِزَادَةٍ (tropical:) [He wrote to him a letter of complaint, or reproof, for his having fallen short, &c.; requiring him to do more]. (A.) زَيْدٌ an inf. n. of زَادَ. (S, Mgh, Msb.) b2: [Hence,] هُمْ زَيْدٌ عَلَى مِائَةٍ (S, A, L) and ↓ زِيدٌ (S, L) and ↓ زِياَدَةٌ (A) (tropical:) [They are more than a hundred].

زِيدٌ an inf. n. of زَادَ. (S, * K, * TK.) b2: See the next preceding paragraph.

زِيَادَةٌ an inf. n. of زَادَ. (S, Msb.) Using it as an inf. n., (Msb,) you say, اِفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ زِيَادَةً [meaning Do thou that in addition]: (S, Msb:) the vulgar say ↓ زَائِدَةً, (S,) which one should not say. (Msb.) [Hence also,] حُرُوفُ الزِّيَادَةِ [The letters of augmentation; or the augmentative letters; i. e. the letters that are added to the radical letters in Arabic words]: they are ten, and are comprised in the saying, سَأَلْتُمُونِيهَا [“ Ye asked me for them ”], (TA,) and in أَلْيَوْمَ تَنْسَاهُ [“ Today thou wilt forget it ”]; (K, TA;) and more than a hundred and thirty other combinations comprising them have been mentioned: (MF:) [these letters are also called زَوَائِدُ, of which the sing. is ↓ زَائِدَةٌ.] See also زَيْدٌ. b2: [As a simple subst., or a subst. properly so termed, it signifies An increase, or increment; and augmentation, or augment; an addition, additament, adjunct, or accessory: an accession: excess, redundance, or superfluity: and a redundant part or portion or appertenance; a surplus; a residue: an excrescence: pl. زِيَادَاتٌ and زَيائِدُ. b3: Hence,] إِبِلٌ كَثِيرَةُ الزَّيَائِدِ i.e. الزِّيَادَات [Camels having much increase; lit., much, or many, increases]. (K.) A poet says, بِهَجْمَةٍ تَمْلَأُ عَيْنَ الحَاسِدِ ذَاتِ سُرُوحٍ جَمَّةِ الزَّيَائِدِ [With a herd of forty or more camels, that fill, or glut, the eye of the envier, enjoying pasturing by themselves, having much increase]: some say, [in citing this verse,] الزَّوَائِدِ, which is pl. of ↓ زَائِدَةٌ; but الزوائد is said only in relation to the legs of a beast. (L.) b4: [Hence also,] زِيَادَةُ الكَبِدِ, (so in a copy of the S, and in the A and L, and in several places in the K,) or الكَبِدِ ↓ زَائِدَةُ, (so termed by Zj, and so in the T, and in two copies of the S, and in the L,) both of which are correct, (TA,) [The redundant appertenance of the liver;] a certain small piece to which the liver is attached, or suspended: (Zj, in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) or a certain small appertenance of the liver (هُنَيَّةٌ مِنْهَا صَغِيرَةٌ), at its side, going away from it (مُتَنَحِّيَةٌ عَنْهَا): (S, L:) or a certain piece appended, or attached, to the liver (مُعَلَّقَةٌ بِهَا): (A:) or a certain appendage of the liver; [so I render هَنَةٌ مُتَعَلِّقَةٌ مِنْهَا, agreeably with the next preceding explanation; though it may be rendered a thing suspended from it, i.e. from the liver; or the right reading may be هنة متعلّقة بِهَا, which is virtually the same as the explanation in the A, and agreeable with what here follows: so called] because it is a redundance (تَزِيدُ) upon its upper surface: (L:) [all of these explanations seem to denote the round ligament of the liver: the Hebrew יֹחֶרֶח הַכּבֵד, in Ex. xxix. 22, literally signifies the same; like the slightly-varying appellations in Ex. xxix. 13 and Lev. iii. 4, and Lev. ix. 10: but the real meaning thereof is much disputed: the rendering of the LXX. is lobos tou* h>/patos; which is said to mean extrema pars hepatis: that of the Vulg., reticulum hepatis: that of our authorized Engl. Vers., the caul above the liver; (with this marginal note: “ it seemeth by anatomy, and the Hebrew Doctors, to be the midriff: ”) and it is remarkable that this is one of the meanings assigned to الخِلْبُ, which some hold to be syn. with زَيَادَةُ الكَبِدِ: (see خِلْبٌ:) Bochart (in his Hieroz. t. i., p. 498, seq.,) and Gesenius (in his Lex.) explain the Hebrew term as meaning the greater lobe of the liver: but this is hard to reconcile with the Hebrew or the Arabic; and utterly irreconcileable with the explanations given by the Arabs; among whom, it should be observed, were many of the Jewish religion, who cannot reasonably be supposed to have not known the correct meaning of a term relating to their sacrifices:] the pl. of زيادة is زَيَائِدُ, (L,) and that of ↓ زائدة is زَوَائِدُ. (S, L.) Hence the saying, الوَلَدُ كَبِدُ ذِى الوَلَدِ وَوَلَدُ الوَلَدِ زِيَادَةُ الكَبِدِ [The child is as the liver of the parent, and the grandchild is as the redundant appertenance of the liver]. (A, TA.) زَائِدٌ act. part. n. of زَادَ, (Msb,) [Increasing, augmenting, or growing. b2: Exceeding; in excess; redundant; superfluous; remaining over and above: excrescent: additional; in addition; adscititious.] You say, أَخَذْتُهُ بِدِرْهَمٍ فَزَائِدًا [I took it, i. e. bought it, for a dirhem and more]. (A.) [See also the next paragraph.]

زَائِدَةٌ [fem. of زَائِدٌ: and also a subst.; being transferred from the category of epithets to that of substs. by the affix ة: pl. زَوَائِدُ]: see زِيَادَةٌ, in five places. b2: [Hence,] الزَّوَائِدُ [Certain excrescences, or pendent hairs, termed] زَمَعَات, in the hinder part of the kind leg or foot. (K. [In the explanations there given, I read الرِّجْل, as in one copy, instead of الرَّحْل. It has been stated above, voce زِيَادَةٌ, on the authority of the L, that الزَّوَائِد is said only in relation to the legs of a beast.]) b3: [But] ذُو الزَّوَائِدِ means The lion: (S, K:) by the زوائد being mean this claws and his canine teeth and his roaring and his impetuosity. (S.) b4: زَائِدَةُ السَّاقِ The shin-bone. (L.) زَوَائِدِىٌّ a rel. n. from زَوَائِدُ pl. of زَائِدَةٌ; and used, app., as meaning Having something redundant; for] Sa'eed Ibn-'Othmán was surnamed الزَّوَائِدِىُّ because he had three بَيْضَات: so they assert. (S.) بُرُودٌ تَزِيدِيَّةٌ, (S, K,) and تَزِيدِيَّاتٌ [alone], (S,) [Garments of the kind termed] بُرُود having in them red stripes, (S, K,) to which streaks of blood are likened: (S:) so called in relation to تَزِيد the son of حُلْوَان, the father of a tribe: (S, K:) or, as some say, تَزِيد the son of حَيْدَان: (MF:) or from تَزِيد, a city, or town, of ElYemen, in which such برود were woven: (TA:) or, accord. to some, J and F are in error; and the truth is, that there were some merchants in Mekkeh, called بَنُو يَزِيدٍ, thus with ى and in relation to them certain [camel-vehicles for women of the kind called] هَوَادِج were termed ↓ يَزِيدِيَّةٌ. (MF.) مَزَادٌ: see مَزَادَةٌ, in two places.

مَزِيدٌ an inf. n. of زَادَ. (S, K.) You say, لَا مَزِيدَ عَلَى مَا فَعَلْتَ and ↓ لَا مُسْتَزَادَ, (A, Msb,) both meaning the same [i.e. There is no exceeding what thou hast done: or rather the latter means there is no desire for more than thou hast done, or there is no one of whom is desired more than thou hast done; for ↓ مُسْتَزَاد may be here an inf. n., and it may be a pass. part. n.]. (Msb.) A2: [It is also the pass. part. n. of زَادَ, signifying Increased, or augmented; as also مَزِيدٌ فِيهِ.]

مَزَادَةٌ [A leathern water-bag, one of a pair which is borne by a camel or other beast;] the half (شَطْر) of a رَاوِيَة: (Msb in art. زود:) [a water-bag of this kind is represented in a sketch of “ Sakkàs ” in my work on the Modern Egyptians:] it has two loops, and two kidney-shaped pieces of leather (كُلْيَتَانِ), the former of which are sewed to the latter: (TA voce خُرْبَةٌ:) the رَاوِيَة consists of two mezádehs (مَزَادَتَانِ), which are bound upon the two sides of the camel with the [cord called] رِوَآء: the pl. is مَزَايِدُ [often written مَزَائِدُ]; and sometimes the Arabs elided the ة, saying ↓ مَزَادٌ: (T, TA:) [both of these forms are mentioned in the S and K as pls.:] and ↓ مَزَادٌ without ة, is [also] applied to the single one (فَرْدَة [meaning the single water-skin]) which the rider attaches behind his camel's saddle, having no عَزْلَآء, [or spout (which is closed by means of a thong tied round it) at one of the lower extremities for pouring out the water; thus] differing from the مَزَادَة: (T, TA:) or the مزادة is a رَاوِيَة, [app. accord. to some who applied this latter term to a single water-bag,] (S, A, K,) or only (K) such as is composed of two skins with a third inserted between them to widen it: (A 'Obeyd, S, M, A, K:) and so are the سَطِيحَة and the شَعِيب: (A 'Obeyd, S:) or the سَطيحة is made of two skins put face to face; and the مزادة is of two skins and a half, or of three skins: (ISh, TA:) or it is [a water-bag] joined (مَشْعُربَة) at one side; if consisting of two faces (ان خرجت من وجهين [i. e. of two pieces of skin whereof each forms one face or side]) it is called a شَعِيب: or it is like a راوية having no عَزْلَآء [expl. above]: AM and the author of the Msb and some others assert that its medial radical letter is و, and that it is from الزَّوْدُ, (TA,) being so called because one furnishes himself with water in it for travellingprovision: (Msb in art. زود:) but this is a mistake: (TA:) it is thus called because it is enlarged by the addition of a third skin: (AO, El-Khafájee, TA:) [Fei says that] accord. to analogy it should be مِزَادَةٌ. (Msb in art. زود.) مُسْتَزَادٌ: see مَزِيدٌ, in two places.

يَزِيدِيَّةٌ, applied to هَوَادِج: see تَزِيدِيَّةٌ.