ذم

1 ذَمَّهُ, (T, S, M, &c.,) aor. ـُ (T, M, Msb,) inf. n. ذَمٌّ (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and مَذَمَّةٌ, (M, K,) He blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended, him, in respect of evil conduct; الذَّمُّ signifying اللَّوْمُ (T, Mgh) فِى الإِسَآءَةِ; (T;) contr. of المَدْحُ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) or of الحَمْدُ: (Mgh:) and ↓ ذمّمهُ, (MA,) inf. n. تَذْمِيمٌ, (KL,) signifies the same: (MA, KL:) [or this has an intensive meaning: see its pass. part. n., below.] Hence the saying, اِفْعَلْ كَذَا وخَلَاكَ ذَمٌّ, (T, S, K,) i. e. خَلَا مِنْكَ ذَمٌّ, meaning [Do thou such a thing, and] thou wilt not be blamed; (ISk, S, K;) or thou wilt have an excuse; [lit.] blame will full from thee: (S in art. خلو:) one should not say خَلَاكَ ذَنْبٌ. (ISk, S in the present art.) ذُمَّ, also, signifies He was satirized, particularly in verse. (IAar, T.) And He was made to suffer loss or diminution [app. in respect of his reputation]. (IAar, T.) b2: ذَمَّ المَكَانُ (tropical:) The place was, or became, affected with drought, or barrenness, and its good things [or produce] became scanty. (TA.) [But perhaps ذَمَّ is here a mistranscription for ذُمَّ; for] you say of a land, ذَمَّ مَرْعَاهَا [He dispraised, or discommended, its pasture, when its pasture is scanty]. (S and M and K in art. بذأ.) A2: ذَمَّ, [aor. ـِ said of the nose, (S, K,) It flowed [with ذَمِيم, i. e. mucus]; (K;) like ذَنَّ. (S, K.) And [the aor. ـَ is said of ذَمِيم; (S, K;) like يَذِنُّ; (S, TA;) meaning It flows. (TA.) 2 ذَمَّّ see 1, first sentence.3 فُلَانٌ يُذَامُّ عَيْشَهُ (assumed tropical:) Such a one passes his life contended with scantiness. (TA.) 4 اذمّ He (a man) did [or said] that for which he should be blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended; (S;) contr. of أَحْمَدَ. (A in art. حمد.) and إِلَيْهِ ↓ استذمّ, (M, K,) or إِلَى النَّاسِ, (S,) He did to him, or to the people, that for which he should be blamed, &c. (S, M, K.) b2: [Hence,] أَذَمَّتْ رَاحِلَتُهُ (tropical:) His riding-camel ceased going on; as though she made the people to blame her. (TA.) And أَذَمَّتْ رِكَابُهُمْ (tropical:) Their camels upon which they were riding became jaded, and lagged behind, (S, M, K, TA,) not keeping up with the main body of camels; (S, TA;) [as though they made their riders to blame them; or] as though [the idea of] their strength in journeying were derived from ذَمَّةٌ meaning “ a well having little water. ” (TA.) And اذمّ بِهَ بَعِيرُهُ (tropical:) [His camel became jaded, and lagged behind with him]. (S, TA.) And أَذَمَّتْ بِالرَّكْبِ, said of a she-ass, (tropical:) She kept back the company of riders upon camels by her weakness and her ceasing to go on. (TA from a trad.) A2: اذمّهُ He found him, or it, to be such as is blamed, dispraised, &c.; (S, M, K, TA;) contr. of أَحْمَدَهُ. (TA.) One says, أَتَيْتُ مَوْضِعَ كَذَا فَأَذْمَمْتُهُ, i. e. [I came to such a place, and] I found it to be such as is discommended. (S) b2: اذّم بِهِ, (S,) or بِهِمْ, (M, K,) He held him, or them, in little, or light, or mean, estimation, or in contempt: (S, K:) or he left [him or] them blamed, dispraised, &c., among the people. (IAar, M, K.) A3: Also, اذمّهُ, He protected him; granted him protection, or refuge. (S, K.) b2: And اذمّ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ He took, or obtained, a promise, or an assurance, of security or safety, and a compact, or covenant, for him, or in his favour, of, or against, him [i. e. another person, making the latter responsible for his (the former's) security, or safety, &c.]. (M, * K, * TA.) A4: See also the next paragraph.5 تذمّم He shunned, or avoided, (T, * Mgh,) or he preserved, or guarded, himself from, (MA,) blame, dispraise, &c.: (T, * MA, Mgh:) this is the proper meaning; and hence, (Mgh,) he felt disdain, or scorn, and shame. (S, MA, Mgh, K, KL.) One says, لَوْ لَمْ أَتْرُكِ الكَذِبَ تَأَثُّمًا لَتَرَكْتُهُ تَذَمُّمَا [If I did not refrain from lying for the purpose of abstaining from sin, I would refrain from it from a feeling of disdain, or scorn, or shame]. (S, K.) And تذمّم مِنْهُ [He abstained, or refrained, from it to avoid blame, or through disdain, or scorn, or shame; disdained, or scorned, it; or was ashamed of it]. (K in art. حشم.) And Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà mentions his having heard an Arab of the desert use the expression لا يذمّون [app. ↓ لَا يُذِمُّونَ, for the ا in the measure أَفْعَلَ sometimes has a privative property,] meaning They do not shun, or avoid, blame; (لَا يَتَذَمَّمُونَ;) and are not affected with shame. (TA.) It is said in a trad., مِنْ خِلَالِ المَكَارِمِ التَّذَمُّمُ لِلصَّاحِبِ, meaning [Of the properties of generous, or honourable, practices, is] the being regardful of everything that is entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, in the character and appertenances of the companion, or friend, and dispelling from oneself the blame that he would incur from men if he were not regardful thereof. (TA.) And one says, لِلْجَارِ عِنْدَكَ تَذَمُّمٌ and ↓ مُسْتَذَمٌّ [To the neighbour, with thee, is shown regard of everything that is entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, in his character and appertenances: مُسْتَذَمٌّ being app. an inf. n. of ↓ استذمّ, and this being syn. with تذمّم]. (TA.) 6 تذامّوا They blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended, one another. (M, K.) 10 استذمّ [He required blame, &c.; as though he called for it; or] he was blamed, or dispraised, &c. (KL.) See also 4, second sentence. b2: and see 5, last sentence. b3: [استذمّ بِذِمَامِهِ is used by post-classical writers, and is perhaps a classical phrase, meaning He begged, or implored, his protection. See an instance in “ Abulfedæ Annales,”

vol. iii. p. 170.] R. Q. 1 ذَمْذَمَ He made his gift small, or scanty. (IAar, T, K.) ذَمٌّ inf. n. of ذَمَّهُ. (T, S, M, &c.) [As a simple subst., Blame, dispraise, or censure.] b2: and [the pl.] ذُمُومٌ signifies Vices, faults, defects, or the like. (M, K. [See ذَامٌّ.]) A2: See also ذَمِيمٌ.

A3: And see ذَمَّةٌ.

ذِمٌّ: see ذَمِيمٌ. b2: Also Excessively lean or emaciated; and perishing: (K:) or like him who is perishing. (T, TA.) b3: See also ذِمَّةٌ.

ذَمَّةٌ [as a subst.]; (T, Mgh;) and بِئْرٌ ذَمَّةٌ, (T, S, M, Mgh, K,) in which the latter word is an epithet, (Mgh,) and ↓ ذِمَّةٌ also, with kesr, (so in one of my copies of the S,) and ↓ ذَمِيمٌ, and ذَمِيمَةٌ; (M, K;) A well containing little water; (T, S, M, Mgh, K;) because discommended: (M, Mgh:) and, (M, K,) as some say, (M,) containing much water: thus having two contr. significations: (M, K:) pl. ذِمَامٌ (T, S, M, K) and ↓ ذَمٌّ, (T, TA,) [or rather the latter is a coll. gen. n., of which ذَمَّةٌ is the n. un.] A poet says, (S,) namely, Dhu-r-Rummeh, describing camels whose eyes were sunk in their sockets by reason of fatigue, (T,) عَلَى حِمْيَرِيَّاتٍ كَأَنَّ عُيُونَهَا ذِمَامُ الرَّكَايَا أَنْكَزَتْهَا المَوَاتِحُ [Upon camels of Himyer that were as though their eyes were wells containing little water which the camels employed to draw it had exhausted]. (T, S.) ذِمَّةٌ A compact, a covenant, a contract, a league, a treaty, an engagement, a bond, or an obligation; (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) because the breaking thereof necessitates blame: (Mgh:) and a right, or due, (حَقٌّ,) for the neglect of which one is to be blamed: (Bd in ix. 8:) [an inviolable right or due:] and ↓ ذِمَامٌ and ↓ مَذِمَّةٌ and ↓ مَذَمَّةٌ signify in like manner a compact, a covenant, &c. as above, for the neglect, or nonobservance, of which a man is to be blamed: (Msb:) or these three words [in the CK the first and last only] signify a right, or due; syn. حَقٌّ: (M, K:) or so the first of them: (T, * S:) and each of them, (M, K,) or the first of them, i. e. ذِمَامٌ, (T, S, Mgh,) i. q. حُرْمَةٌ [which includes all the significations of ذِمَّةٌ likewise, those above and those which follow, but appears here to be used as meaning especially a thing that should be sacred, or inviolable; or which one is under an obligation to reverence, respect, or honour, and defend; everything that is entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence. in the character and appertenances of a person]; (S, M, Mgh, K;) every حُرْمَة for the neglect, or non-observance, of which one is to be blamed: (T:) ↓ ذَمَامَةٌ, also, and ↓ ذِمَامَةٌ, are syn. with حَقٌّ and حُرْمَةٌ: (TA:) and ذِمَّةٌ signifies also i. q. أَمَانٌ [as meaning security, or safety; security of life and property; protection, or safeguard; a promise, or an assurance, of security, safety, protection, or safeguard; indemnity; or quarter]; (S, Mgh, Msb, KL, TA;) and so ↓ ذِمَامٌ: (MA, KL: [explained in both by the Pers\. زِنْهَارْ; and in the latter by حُرْمَةٌ and حَقٌّ also:]) and responsibility [for the fulfilment of an obligation, for the payment of a sum of money, for the restitution of a thing, or for the safety, or safe-keeping, of a thing or person]; suretiship; (M, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ ذَمَامَةٌ and ↓ ذِمَامَةٌ; (M, K; [in the former of which, these two words are said to be syn. with ذِمَّةٌ, app. meaning, in all the senses mentioned above;]) and ↓ ذِمٌّ: (M, K: [said in the M to be syn. with ذِمَّةٌ in the first only of the senses mentioned above in this paragraph: in the CK, والذِّمُّ is erroneously put for وَ الذِّمِّ:]) the pl. of ذِمَّةٌ is ذِمَمٌ (T, Msb) and ذِمَامٌ: (T:) and the pl. of ↓ ذِمَامٌ as [a sing.] syn. with [ذِمَّةٌ and] مَذَمَّةٌ and مَذِمَّةٌ is أَذِمَّةٌ. (M, K.) Hence, i. e. from ذِمَّةٌ in the first of the senses explained above, أَهلُ الذِّمَّةِ, (S, Mgh, TA.) and الذِّمِّةُ, (T, M, * Mgh, K, TA,) with the prefixed noun اهل suppressed, (TA,) The people with whom a compact, or covenant, &c., has been made; (T, S, M, K, TA;) [and particularly] those, of the believers in a plurality of Gods, [by which are here meant the Christians, Jews, and Sabians, but no others,] who pay the [tax called] جِزْيَة; (T, TA;) [i. e. the free non-Muslim subjects of a Muslim government, who pay a poll-tax for which the Muslims are responsible for their security and freedom and toleration: see أَهْلٌ:] the appellation ↓ ذِمِّىٌّ, (Mgh, Msb,) a rel. n. from الذِّمَّةُ, (Msb;) is applied to a person of this class; (Mgh, Msb;) because he is rendered secure, or free from fear, for his property and his blood, by means of the جِزْيَة. (Mgh.) جَعَلَ عُمَرُ أَهْلَ السَّوَادِ ذِمَّةً means'Omar treated [lit. made] the people of the Sawád as those who are termed أَهْلُ الذِّمَّةِ. (Mgh.) and أَقْبِلْنَا بِذِمَّةٍ [or أَقْلِبْنَا?], in the prayer of the traveller, means Restore us to our family in safety. (TA.) It is related in a trad. of 'Alee, that he said, ذِمَّتِى بِمَا

أَقُولُ رَهِينَةٌ وَ أَنَا بِهِ زَعِيمٌ, meaning My responsibility is pledged for [the truth of] what I say, and I am answerable for it; (Mgh, TA; *) i. e. this my saying is true, and I am responsible for it. (Mgh.) And it is said in another trad., فَقَدْ بَرِئَتْ مِنْهُ الذِّمَّة [Then the responsibility of God is clear, or quit, of him]; i. e. there is given to every one, by God, a covenant whereby He binds Himself to preserve and protect him; and when he throws himself into destruction, or does that which is unlawful for him to do, or acts at variance with that which he is commanded to do, the covenant of God fails to aid him. (TA.) فِى ذِمَّتِى كَذَا means فى ضَمَانِى [virtually I am responsible for such a thing; i. e. for paying it, or restoring it, &c.; but lit. in my responsibility is such a thing; or on my responsibility rests, or lies, or be, such a thing; for فى may be here used, as it is in many other instances, in the sense of عَلَى]: (Msb:) [or,] in the saying ثَبَتَ فِى ذِمَّتِى كَذَا, [which means Such a thing became, or has become, binding, obligatory, or incumbent, on me,] the term ذِمَّة is applied to designate [the moral sense considered as] the seat [of the sense] of obligation to fulfil what is [properly] termed ذِمَّة [i. e. a compact, or covenant, or the like]. (Mgh.) الرَّضَاعِ ↓ مَا يُذْهِبُ عَنِّى مَذِمَّةَ (T, S, Mgh, *) or الرَّضَاعِ ↓ مَذَمَّةَ, (T, Mgh,) meaning [What will put away from me the obligation of] the right, or due, of the woman who has suckled for the sucking? is a question occurring in a trad., (T, S, Mgh, *) as put by a man to the Prophet: (T:) and the answer was, “A slave, male or female: ” (T, S, Mgh:) En-Nakha'ee says, (S,) they liked, on the occasion of the weaning of a child, to give the woman who had suckled it something beside the hire: (S, Mgh:) ↓ مَذَمَّةٌ in this case is a dial. var. of ↓ مَذِمَّةٌ: (Mgh:) or, as IAth says, the former is from الذَّمُّ; and the latter, from الذِّمَّهُ. (TA.) Yousay also, الرَّضَاعِ بِشَّىْءٍ تُعْطِيهِ ↓ أَذْهِبْ عَنْكَ مَذَمَّ الظِّئْرَ and الرَّضَاعِ ↓ مَذِمَّ, meaning [Put away from thee the obligation of] the right, or due, that is incumbent on thee to render her for the sucking of thy child [by something that thou shalt give to her who has suckled]. (T.) And أَذْهِبْ عَنْكَ بِشَىْءٍ ↓ مَذِمَّتَهُمْ and ↓ مَذَمَّتَهُمْ, (T, and so accord. to different copies of the S and K, in which عنك is omitted,) مَذَمَّة being a dial. var., (T,) i. e. [Put away from thee the obligation of their right, or due, by something; meaning] feed them with something, (T,) or give to them something, (S, K,) for they have a right, or due. (T, S, K.) and ↓ قَضَى مَذِمَّتَهُ and ↓ مَذَمَّتَهُ [He paid his right, or due;] meaning he did good to him, or conferred upon him a benefit or benefits, in order that he might not be blamed. (M, K.) And رَجُلٌ

↓ ذُو مَذِمَّةٍ and ↓ مَذَمَّةٍ [in the CK the latter only, A man who has a right, or due,] meaning كَلٌّ عَلَى النَّاسِ (tropical:) [a man who is a burden upon people, to be maintained, or supported, by them]. (M, K, TA.) A2: Also (i. e. ذِمَّةٌ) A repast, or banquet, to which guests are invited, [simply] for food, or for a wedding. (K.) A3: See also ذَمَّةٌ.

ذِمَامٌ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in three places. It is also a pl. of ذِمَّةٌ [as well as syn. therewith]. (T.) ذَمِيمٌ Blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended; (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) i. q. ↓ مَذْمُومٌ; (T, M, Msb, K;) as also ↓ ذِمٌّ (T, K, TA) and ↓ ذَمٌّ, (M, K, TA,) which last is an inf. n. used as an epithet, and, like [its contr.] حَمْدٌ, is applied to a man and to a place of alighting or sojourning or abiding. (TA.) [See مُذِمٌّ] b2: See also ذَمَّةٌ. b3: Also, applied to water, Disliked, or disapproved. (S, K. *) A2: [As a subst.,] Urine and mucus, (K,) so in the copies of the K, but correctly, (TA,) mucus, and urine (S, TA) that flows from the penis of the goat: (S, K, TA:) or a fluid that flows from the nose. (IAar, T.) b2: And in like manner, Milk [that flows] from the teats of sheep or goats; (K;) or, as in some copies of the S, form the teats of the she-camel; (TA;) or from the teats of the sheep or goat: (so in one of my copies of the S: in the other of those copies omitted:) or milk that becomes sprinkled upon the udders: (Th, M:) or milk that flows upon the thighs and udders of camels and sheep or goats. (M.) b3: Also Dew, (M, K,) absolutely; (TA;) accord. to IDrd: (M:) or dew that falls in the night upon the trees, and upon which dust lights, so that it becomes like bits of clay or mud. (M, K.) b4: And A thing [meaning the sebaceous matter] that comes forth from the pores of the soft part of the nose, like the eggs of ants: (S:) or pimples, or small pustules, (بَثْرٌ, T, K,) or a thing resembling بَثْر, black, or red, (M,) like the eggs of ants, (T, M,) coming forth upon the nose, (T,) or arising upon the faces (M, K) and the noses, (M,) from heat (T, M, K) or from the scab: (M, K:) or the dirty matter that comes forth upon the nose: n. un. with ة. (TA.) b5: And Whiteness upon the nose of a kid. (Kr, M, K.) ذَمَامَةٌ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in two places. b2: Also Shame, and fear of blame: whence the saying, أَخَذَتْهُ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ ذَمَامَةٌ [Shame, and fear of blame, with respect to his companion, seized him]: and أَصَابَتْهُ مِنْهُ ذَمَامَةٌ, i. e. Shame and disgrace affected him on account of him, or it. (TA.) One says also, ↓ أَخَذَتْنِى مِنْهُ مَذَمَّةٌ and ↓ مَذِمَّةٌ, meaning Shame and disgrace by reason of the neglect of that which should be sacred or inviolable, or of that which was entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, or of the obligation or duty, or the right or due, that should be regarded as sacred or inviolable, (مِنْ تَرْكِ الحُرْمَةِ,) [seized me on account of him, or it.] (S, K.) ذُمَامَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A remain, remainder, remaining portion, remnant, or relic. (K.) [See also ذَمَّآء, below.]

ذِمَامَةٌ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in two places.

بِهِ ذَمِيمَةٌ In him is a crippleness, or a chronic disease, (K, [in the CK ذَمانَةٌ is erroneously put for زَمَانَةٌ,]) or an infirmity arising therefrom or from some evil affection, (M,) that prevents him from going forth. (M, K.) أَبْقَى ذَمَّآءَ الصُّبِّ (tropical:) [He left] the last remains [of what was poured out, or forth, at once]: so in the A. (TA. [But the last word is there written without any syll. signs.]) [See also ذُمَامَةٌ.]

ذِمِّىٌّ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in the former half of the paragraph.

ذَمَّامٌ One who blames, dispraises, discommends, &c., much, or often. (TA.) ذَامٌّ and ذَامٌ, with and without teshdeed, [the latter belonging to art. ذيم,] A vice, fault, defect, or the like. (As, T.) [See also ذَمٌّ.]

أَذَمُّ A horse fatigued, and standing still. (TA.) مَذَمٌّ and مَذِمٌّ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in the latter part of the paragraph.

مُذِّمٌّ A thing blamed, dispraised, &c.; [like ذَمِيمٌ;] or made, or caused, to be faulty, or defective, or to have a vice, fault, defect, or the like; (S. K;) as also ↓ مِذَمٌّ. (K.) b2: And A man (S) in whom is no motion. (S, K.) مِذَمٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَذَمَّةٌ, with fet-h only [to the ذ, A cause of blame, dispraise, discommendation, censure, or reprehension; a blamable, or discommendable, quality or action;] a thing for which one is, or is to be, blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended: contr. of مَحْمَدَةٌ: (S:) [pl. مَذَامٌّ.] You say, البُخْلُ مَذَمَّةٌ, (S, K,) i. e. [Niggardliness is] one of the things for which one is, or is to be, blamed, &c. (S.) And إِيَّاكَ وَ المَذَامَّ [Beware thou of, or avoid thou, or remove thyself far from, causes of blame, &c.]. (TA.) b2: See also ذِمَّةٌ, in six places. b3: and see ذَمَامَةٌ.

مَذِمَّةٌ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in six places. b2: And see also ذَمَامَةٌ.

مُذَمَّمٌ A man blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended, much. (S, K.) b2: And A place held in reverence, respect, or honour. (TA.) مَذْمُومٌ: see ذَمِيمٌ, first sentence.

مُسْتَذَمٌّ: see 5, last sentence.

خر

أ1 خَرِئَ, aor. ـَ (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. خَرَآءَةٌ (S, Mgh, K) and ↓ خِرَآءَةٌ, (K,) which is the more chaste form, (O,) or this may be a quasi-inf. n., (El-Khattábee, Msb,) and, accord. to some, ↓ خِرَآءٌ, (MF,) or this is a quasi-inf. n., (Lth, * Msb, K, * MF,) like صِيَامٌ for صَوْمٌ, or, as some say, a pl. of خَرْءٌ, (Msb, MF,) and خَرْءٌ also is an inf. n., (S, K,) and خُرُوْءٌ, (K, TA,) like قُعُودٌ, (TA,) or خُرُوْءَةٌ, (so in a MS. copy of the K and in the CK,) He voided his excrement, or ordure: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) or خِرَآءَةٌ signifies the retiring alone, and sitting down, to satisfy a want [of nature]. (IAth.) خَرْءٌ: see what next follows.

خُرْءٌ Human excrement, or ordure: (S, Mgh, * Msb, K;) as also ↓ خَرْءٌ: (Msb, TA:) and sometimes applied to the dung of the dog, and of the field-rat, and of the ant, and of the fly: (TA:) pl. خُرُوْءٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) which is also a pl. of خَرْءٌ, (Msb, TA,) and خُرْآنٌ, (K,) which is anomalous, and خُرُؤٌ; (TA;) and some say that خِرَآءٌ is a pl. of خَرْءٌ. (Msb, MF.) خِرَآءٌ: see 1.

خِرَآءَةٌ: see 1.

خَارِئٌ act. part. n. of 1. (TA.) مَخْرَأَةٌ A place where excrement, or ordure, is voided; [a privy;] (S, K;) as also مَخْرَاةٌ, (K,) and ↓ مَخْرُؤَةٌ; (T, S, K, TA;) the last written in some copies of the K مَخْرِئَةٌ; and in one, مِخْرَأَةٌ. (TA.) مَخْرُؤَةٌ: see what next precedes.

ادم

1 أَدَمَ الخُبْزَ, aor. ـِ (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. أَدْمٌ; (M, Msb;) and ↓ آدمهُ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. إِيدَامٌ; (TK;) He mixed the bread with أُدْم [or seasoning; i. e. he seasoned it]; (M, K;) he made the swallowing of the bread to be good, or agreeable, by means of إِدَام [or seasoning]. (Msb.) You say also, أَدَمَ الخُبْزَ بِاللَّحْمِ, aor. ـِ [he seasoned the bread, or rendered it savoury, with flesh-meat,] from أُدْمٌ and إِدَامٌ, signifying مَا يُؤْتَدمُ بِهِ. (S.) b2: أَدَمَ القَوْمَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. أَدْمٌ; (TA;) or ↓ آدَمَهُمْ; (M;) or both; (TA;) He seasoned for the people, or company of men, (أَدَمَ لَهُمْ, [in the CK, erroneously, اَدامَ لهم,]) their bread; (M, K, TA;) i. e., mixed it [for them] with إِدَام (TA.) b3: [From أَدَمَ in the first of the senses explained above, is app. derived the phrase,] أَدَمَهُ بِأَهْلِهِ He mixed him, associated him, or united him in company, with his family. (M.) [And in like manner,] أَدَمَ بَيْنَهُمَا, (T, S,) or بَيْنَهُمْ, (M, Msb, * K,) aor. ـِ (T, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. أَدْمٌ; (T, M, M$sudot;b;) and ↓ آدم, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِيَدامٌ; (T, TA;) He (God, T, S, M, or a man, Msb) effected a reconciliation between them; brought them together; (S, M, Msb, K; [expl. in the M and K by لَاءَ مَ, for which we find in the CK لَاُمَ;]) made them sociable, or familiar, one with another; (S, Msb, TA;) and made them to agree: (TA:) or induced love and agreement between them: held by A "Obeyd to be from أُدْمٌ, because thereby food is made good and pleasant. (T.) It is said in a trad., فَإِنَّهُ أَحْرَى أَنْ يُؤْدَمَ بَيْنَكُمَا, meaning For it is most fit, or meet, that there should be, between you two, love and agreement: (T, S:) or, that peace, or reconciliation, and friendship, should continue between you two. (Msb.) And a poet says, ↓ إِلَّا مُؤْدَمَا ↓ وَالبِيضُ لَا يُؤْدِمْنَ i. e. [And the pure, or free from faults, among women,] do not love any save one who is made an object of love [by his good qualities], (T, S,) a proper object of love. (T.) A2: أَدَمَهُمْ, (T, M, K,) aor. ـِ (T,) or ـُ (M, K,) inf. n. أَدْمٌ, (M,) (tropical:) He was, or became, to them, what is termed أَدَمَة; (T, M, K;) i. e., one who made people to know them; (T;) or a pattern, an exemplar, an example, or one who was imitated, or to be imitated; and one by means of whom they were known: (M, K:) so says IAar. (M.) A3: أَدَمَ الأَدِيمَ He pared, or removed the superficial part of, the hide: (T, * TA:) and الأَدِيمَ ↓ آدَمَ, with medd, he pared off the أَدَمَة [q. v.] of the hide: (TA:) or the latter signifies he exposed to view the أَدَمَة [in the CK, erroneously, the اُدْمَة] of the hide. (M, K.) A4: أَدِمَ, aor. ـَ (M, K,) inf. n. أَدَمٌ; (TK;) and أَدُمَ, aor. ـُ (M, K,) inf. n. أُدُومَةٌ (T, K) [or, more probably, أُدْمَةٌ, like سُمْرَةٌ &c.]; He (a camel, and a gazelle, and a man,) was, or became, of the colour termed أُدْمَة, q. v. infrà. (M, K.) 2 أدّمهُ, inf. n. تَأْدِيمٌ, He put much إِدَام [or seasoning] into it. (TA.) 4 آدَمَ see 1, in five places.8 ائتدم بِهِ [written with the disjunctive alif اِيتَدَمَ] He made use of it [to render his bread pleasant, or savoury]; namely أُدْم, (M, * TA,) or إِدَام. (M.) [إِدَامٌ is explained in the T and S &c. by the words مَا يُؤْتَدَمُ بِهِ, meaning That which is used for seasoning bread.] b2: ائتدم العُودُ (tropical:) The wood, or branch, had the sap (المَآء) flowing in it. (Z, K.) 10 استأدمهُ He sought, or demanded, of him إِدَام [or seasoning]. (Z, TA.) أَدْمٌ: see أُدْمَةٌ

A2: هُوَ أَدْمُ أَهْلِهِ: see أَدَمَةٌ.

أُدْمٌ: see إِدَامٌ. b2: هُوَ أُدْمُ أَهْلِهِ: and أُدْمُ بَنِى أَبِيهِ: see أَدَمَةٌ.

أَدَمٌ: see أَدِيمٌ, in two places: b2: and أَدَمَةٌ.

A2: أَدَمُ: see آدَمُ.

هُوَ أَدْمَةُ أَهْلِهِ: see أَدَمَةٌ.

أُدْمَةٌ A state of mixing, or mingling, together [in familiar, or social, intercourse]. (Lth, T, M, K.) You say, بَيْنَهُمَا أُدْمَةٌ Between them two is a mixing, &c. (Lth, T.) b2: Also, (M, K,) or ↓ أَدْمٌ, (S,) Agreement: (S, M, K, TA:) and familiarity, sociableness, companionship, or friendship. (S, TA. [The meanings in this sentence are assigned in the S only to the latter word: in the TA, only to the former.]) b3: And the former, Relationship. (M, K.) b4: And A means of access (وَسِيلَةٌ, Fr, T, S, M, K) to a thing, (Fr, T, S,) and to a person; (Fr, T;) as also ↓ أَدَمَةٌ. (K.) You say, فُلَانٌ

أُدْمَتِى إِلَيْكَ Such a one is my means of access to thee. (Fr, T.) b5: And [hence,] A present which one takes with him in visiting a friend or a great man; in Peraian دَسْت آوِيز. (K, L.) b6: هُوَ أُدْمَةُ

أَهْلِهِ: and هُوَ أُدْمَةٌ لِفُلَانٍ: see أَدَمَةٌ.

A2: In camels, A colour intermixed, or tinged, with blackness, or with whiteness; or clear whiteness; (M, K;) or, as some say, (TA,) intense whiteness; (S, TA;) or whiteness, with blackness of the eyeballs: (Nh, TA:) and in gazelles, a colour intermixed, or tinged, with whiteness: (M, K:) or in gazelles and in camels, whiteness: (T:) and in human beings, (M, K,) a tawny colour; or darkness of complexion; syn. سُمْرَةٌ [q. v.]; (S, M, K;) or an intermixture, or a tinge, of blackness; (Lth, T;) or intense سُمْرَة [or tawniness]; and it is said to be from أُدْمَةُ الأَرْضِ, meaning the colour of the earth: (Nh, TA:) or [in men,] i. q. حُمْرَةٌ [which, in this case, signifies whiteness of complexion]: (TA:) accord. to AHn, it signifies whiteness; syn. بَيَاضٌ. (M.) [See also آدَمُ.]

أَدَمَةٌ: see أُدْمَةٌ. b2: هُوَ أَدَمَةُ أَهْلِهِ, (M, K,) and ↓ أُدْمَتُهُمْ, (M,) or ↓ أَدْمَتُهُمْ, (K,) and ↓ أُدْمُهُمْ, (M,) or ↓ أَدْمُهُمْ, and ↓ إِدَامُهُمْ, (K,) (tropical:) He is the pattern, exemplar, example, or object of imitation, of his people, or family, by means of whom they are known: (M, K:) so says IAar. (M.) and جَعَلْتُ فُلَانًا أَدَمَةَ أَهْلِى (tropical:) I made such a one to be the pattern, exemplar, example, or object of imitation, of my people, or family. (T, S.) and هُوَ أَدَمَةٌ لِفُلَانٍ, and ↓ أُدْمَةٌ, (tropical:) He is a pattern, &c., to such a one. (Fr, TA.) And فُلَانٌ أَدَمَةُ بَنِى

فُلَانٍ (tropical:) Such a one is he who makes people to know the sons of such a one. (T.) And هُوَ أَدَمَةُ قَوْمِهِ (tropical:) He is the chief, and provost, of his people. (A, TA.) And قَوْمِهِ ↓ فُلَانٌ إِدَامُ, and بَنى أَبِيهِ ↓ أُدْمُ, (tropical:) Such a one is the aider, and manager of the affairs, and the support, and right orderer of the affairs, of his people, and of the sons of his father. (A, TA.) A2: [The inner skin; the cutis, or derma;] the interior of the skin, which is next to the flesh; (S, M, K;) the exterior thereof being called the بَشَرَة: (S:) or (as some say, M) the exterior thereof, upon which is the hair; the interior thereof being called the بَشَرَة: (M, K:) and ↓ أَدَمٌ may be its pl.; [or rather, a coll. gen. n.;] or, accord. to Sb, it is a quasi-pl. n. (M.) b2: Accord. to some, (M,) What appears of the skin of the head. (M, K. [See بَشَرَةٌ.]) b3: and (assumed tropical:) The interior of the earth or ground; (M, K;) the surface thereof being called its أَدِيم: (M, TA:) or, as some say, its surface. (TA.) أَدَمِىٌّ A seller of [أَدَم, or] skins, or hides: (TA:) and ↓ أَدَّامٌ signifies the same; and particularly a seller of goats' skins. (Golius, from the larger work entitled Mirkát el-Loghah.) أُدْماَنٌ and أُدْمَانَةٌ: see آدَمُ.

إِدَامٌ (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ أُدْمٌ (the same except the K) [Seasoning, or condiment, for bread; and any savoury food;] what is used for seasoniny (مَا يُؤْتَدَمُ بِهِ, T, S, M, * Mgh, Msb, K) with bread; (T, TA;) that which renders bread pleasant and good and savoury; (IAmb, Mgh;) whether fluid or not fluid; (Mgh, Msb;) صِبْغٌ and صِبَاغٌ being peculiarly applied to that which is fluid: (Mgh:) or أُدْمٌ is anything that is eaten with bread: (TA:) the pl. [of mult.] of إِدَامٌ is أُدُمٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) and, by contraction, أُدْمٌ, which is also used as the sing., (Msb,) and [pl. of pauc.]

آدِمَةٌ (M, K) and آدَامٌ; (K;) or this last is pl. of أُدْمٌ. (M, Mgh, Msb, TA.) It is said in a trad., نِعْمَ الإِدَامُ الخَلُّ [Excellent, or most excel-lent, is the seasoning, vinegar!]. (T, TA.) and in another, سَيِّدُ آدَامِ الدُّنْيَا وَالآخِرَةِ اللَّحْمُ [The prince of the seasonings of the present world and of the world to come is flesh-meat]. (TA.) b2: هُوَ إِدَامُ أَهْلِهِ, and إِدَامُ قَوْمِهِ: see أَدَمَةٌ. b3: Anything conforming, or conformable; agreeing, or agreeable; suiting, or suitable. (M, K.) [Used also as a pl.: thus,] 'Ádiyeh Ed-Dubeyreeyeh says, كَانُوا لِمَنْ خَالَطَهُمْ إِدَامَا [They were, to those who mixed with them in social intercourse, conformable, or agreeable.] (M.) أَدِيمٌ i. q. ↓ مَأْدُومٌ [Seasoned]: (T:) or طَعَامٌ

↓ مَأْدُومٌ [seasoned food]; (M, K;) food in which is إِدَام. (TA.) Hence the prov., سَمْنُكُمْ هُرِيقَ فِى أَدِيمِكُمْ [Your clarified butter is poured into your seasoned food]; (T, TA;) applied to a niggardly man; (Har p. 462;) meaning, your good, or wealth, returns unto you: (TA:) or, as some say, the meaning is, into your سِقَآء [or skin]: (T, Har * ubi suprà:) and the vulgar say, فِى

دَقِيقِكُمْ [into your flour]. (TA.) And the saying, سَمْنُهُمْ فِى أَدِيمِهِمْ [Their clarified butter is in their seasoned food]; meaning, their good, or wealth, returns unto them. (M.) And the saying of Khadeejeh to the Prophet, إِنَّكَ لَتَكْسِبُ وَ تُطْعِمُ المَأْدُومَ ↓ المَعْدُومَ (M, TA) Verily thou gainest what is denied to others, or makest others to gain what they have not, of the things they want, or makest the poor to gain, (TA in art. عدم,) and givest to eat food in which is إِدَام. (TA in the present art.) [Hence also,] أَطْعَمْتُكَ

↓ مَأْدُومِى (M, K) meaning أَتَيْتُكَ بِعُذْرِى [I gave thee my excuse; or, perhaps, my virginity; see عُذْرَةٌ]: (K:) [or,] as some say, the meaning is, my good manners: said by the wife of Dureyd Ibn-Es-Simmeh, on the occasion of his divorcing her. (M, TA.) b2: And hence, (Ham p. 205, Mgh,) Tanned skin or hide; leather: (M, Ham, Mgh, Msb:) or skin, or hide, (M, K,) in whatever state it be: (M:) or red skin or hide: (M, K:) or skin, or hide, in the state after that in which it is termed أَفِيقٌ; that is, when it is complete [in its tanning] and has become red: (M:) or the exterior of the skin of anything: (T:) pl. [of pauc.] آدِمَةٌ (S, M, K) and آدَامٌ and [of mult.] أُدُمٌ, (M, K,) the last from Lh, and [says ISd] I hold that he who says رُسْلٌ says أُدْمٌ, (M,) and ↓ أَدَمٌ, (T, S, Msb, K,) or this is a quasi-pl. n., (Sb, M, Mgh,) [often used as a gen. n.,] of which آدَامٌ may be pl. (M.) b3: اِبْنِ أَدِيمٍ and اِبْنُ أَدِيمَيْنِ and اِبْنُ ثَلَاثَةِ آدِمَةٍ: see اِبْنٌ in art. بنى. One says, إِنَّمَا يُعَاتَبُ الأَدِيمُ ذُو البَشَرَةِ [lit.] Only the hide that has the exterior part, upon which the hair grows, is put again into the tan: (T:) a prov.; (TA;) meaning, only he is disciplined, or reproved, who is an object of hope, and in whom is full intelligence, and strength; (T, TA, and AHn in TA, art. بشر [where, however, in the TA, دُونَ is erroneously put for ذو];) and only he is disputed with in whom is place for dispute. (TA.) b4: أَدِيمُ الحَرْبِ is used metaphorically for أَدِيمُ

أَهْلِ الحَرْبِ (tropical:) [The skin of the warriors, or of the people engaged in war or fight]. (M.) b5: فُلَانٌ صَحِيحُ الأَدِيمِ [lit. Such a one is sound of skin] means (tropical:) such a one is sound in respect of origin, and of honour, or reputation. (Har p. 135.) Yousay also, فُلَانٌ بَرِىْءُ الأَدِيمِ مِمَّا لُطِخَ بِهِ [meaning (tropical:) Such a one is clear in honour, or reputation, of that with which he has been aspersed]. (M, * TA.) And ↓ مَزَّقَ أَدَمِى (tropical:) He rent my honour, or reputation. (Har ubi suprà.) b6: أَدِيمٌ also signifies (tropical:) The surface of the earth or ground: (S, M:) [see also أَدَمَةٌ, last sentence:] or what appears thereof, (K,) and of the sky. (M, K.) b7: And (tropical:) The first part of the period called الضُّحَى. (M, K, TA.) You say, جِئْتُكَ أَدِيمَ الضُّحَى (tropical:) I came to thee in the first part of the ضحى; (Lh, M;) app. meaning, عِنْدَ ارْتِفَاعِ الضُّحَى [when the morning was becoming advanced; when the sun was becoming high]. (M.) b8: And (tropical:) The whiteness of day: (IAar, M, K, TA:) and (tropical:) the darkness of night: (IAar, M, TA:) or (tropical:) the whole of the day, (M, A, K, TA,) and of the night. (A, TA.) Yousay, ظَلَّ أَدِيمَ النَّهَارِ صَائِمًا وَأَدِيمَ اللَّيْلِ قَائِمًا (tropical:) He continued the whole of the day fasting, and the whole of the night standing [in prayer, &c.]. (A, TA.) أَدَّامٌ: see أَدَمِىٌّ.

آدَمُ Of the colour termed أُدْمَةٌ: pl. أُدْمٌ and ↓ أُدْمَانٌ; (S, M, K;) the latter like حُمْرَانٌ as a pl. of أَحْمَرُ: (M:) the fem. sing. is أَدْمَآءُ and ↓ أُدْمَانَةٌ; (S M, K;) the latter anomalous; (K;) occurring in poetry, but disapproved (S, M) by As; (S;) said by Aboo-'Alee to be like خُمْصَانَةٌ; (M;) and the fem. pl. is أُدْمٌ: (S, M, K:) applied to a camel, of a colour intermixed, or tinged, with blackness, or with whiteness; or of a clear white; (M, K;) or, as some say, intensely white; (TA;) or white, and black in the eyeballs; (S;) or white; (As, T;) and so applied to a gazelle: (T:) or, applied to a gazelle, of a colour intermixed, or tinged, with whiteness; (M, K;) Lth, however, says that أَدْمَآءُ is applied to a female gazelle, but he had not heard آدَمُ applied to the male gazelle; (TA;) and As says, (S,) أُدْمٌ applied to gazelles signifies white, having upon them streaks in which is a dust-colour, (S, M,) inhabiting the mountains, and of the colour of the mountains; (S;) if of a pure white colour, they are termed آرَامٌ: (T, TA:) or, accord. to ISk, white in the bellies, tawny in the backs, and having the colour of the bellies and of the backs divided by two streaks of the colour of musk; and in like manner explained by IAar: (T:) applied to a human being, آدَمُ signifies tawny; or dark-complexioned; syn. أَسْمَرُ; (S, M, K;) or, thus applied, it signifies أحْمَرُ اللَّوْنِ [which, in this case, means white of complexion]; (TA;) and the pl. is أُدْمِانٌ. (S.) The Arabs say, قُرَيْشُ الإِبِلِ أُدْمُهَا وَصُهْبُهَا, meaning The best of camels are those of them which are أُدْم and those of them which are صُهْب; [see أَصْهَبُ;] like as Kureysh are the best of men. (M.) b2: Also [Adam,] the father of mankind; (S, M, K;) and likewise ↓ أَدَمُ; but this is extr.: (K:) there are various opinions respecting its derivation; but [these it is unnecessary to mention, for] the truth is that it is a foreign word, [i. e. Hebrew,] of the measure فَاعَلُ, like آزَرُ: (MF:) and [therefore] its pl. is أَوَادِمُ. (S, M, K.) آدَمِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, Adam: and hence, human: and a human being:] a rel. n. from آدَمُ. (TA.) إِيدَامَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Level, hard, but not rugged, ground: (As:) or hard ground without stones; (K;) from أَدِيمٌ signifying the “surface” of the earth or ground: (TA:) or ground somewhat elevated; not much so; only found in plains, and producing vegetation, which, however, is disapproved, because its situation is rugged, and little water remains in it: (ISh:) pl. أَيَادِيمُ, (As, Esh-Sheybánee, IB, K,) which J erroneously says has no sing.: (K:) for he says, [in the S,] أَيَادِيمُ signifies hard and elevated tracts (مُتُون) of ground; and has no sing. (TA.) مُؤْدَمٌ, as in an ex. cited above, (see 1,) Made an object of love; (T, S;) a proper object of love. (T.) A2: رَجُلٌ مُؤْدَمٌ مُبْشَرٌ (tropical:) A man who is skilful, and experienced in affairs, (M, K,) who combines [qualities like] softness of the interior skin and roughness of the exterior skin: (T, S, M, K:) or who combines softness and hardness, or gentleness and force, with knowledge of affairs: (T:) or who combines such qualities that he is suited to hardship and to easiness of circumstances: (As, T:) or, accord. to IAar, having a thick and good skin: (M:) or beloved: (TA:) the fem. is with ة: (M, K:) you say, اِمْرَأَةٌ مُؤْدَمَةٌ مُبْشَرَةٌ, meaning (tropical:) a woman goodly in her aspect and faultless in her intrinsic qualities: and sometimes the former epithet, with and without ة, as applied to a woman and to a man respectively, is put after the latter. (M.) See also art. بشر.

مَأْدُومٌ: see أَدِيمٌ, in four places.

قهل
قَهَلَ جِلدُه، كَمَنَعَ وفَرِحَ، قَهْلاً، بالفَتْح وقُهولاً، بالضَّمّ: يَبِسَ، فَهُوَ قاهِلٌ قاحِلٌ، كَتَقَهَّلَ عَن الزَّمَخْشَرِيّ، أَو خاصٌّ باليُبْسِ من كَثْرَةِ العبادةِ، قَالَ:
(من راهبٍ مُتَبَتِّلٍ مُتَقَهِّلٍ ... صادي النهارَ للَيْلِهِ مُتَهَجِّدِ)
وقَهَلَ، كَمَنَعَ: كَفَرَ الإحسانَ واستَقلَّ العَطِيَّةَ. قَهَلَ فلَانا: أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثَناءً قَبيحاً، يَقْهَله قَهْلاً.
وقَهِلَ كفَرِح: لم يتعَهَّدْ جِسمُه بِالْمَاءِ، وَلم يُنظِّفْه، وَقَالَ ابنُ عَبَّادٍ: القَهَلُ كالقَرَهِ فِي قَشَفِ الإنسانِ وَقَذَرِ جِلدِه. كَتَقَهَّلَ، وَفِي الصِّحاح: رجلٌ مُتَقَهِّلٌ: يابسُ الجِلدِ سَيِّئُ الحالِ، مثلُ المُتَقَحِّل، وَفِي الحَدِيث: أتاهُ شَيخٌ مُتَقَهِّلٌ، أَي شَعِثٌ وَسِخٌ. وَقيل: التَّقَهُّل: رَثاثَةُ الهَيئةِ والمَلبَسِ والتقَشُّف. قَهِلَ الرجلُ: استَقلَّ العَطِيّةَ وكَفَرَ النِّعمةَ. وَقَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ: قَهَلَ الرجلُ قَهْلاً: إِذا جَدَّفَ، أَي كَفَرَ النِّعْمَةَ. وَتَقَهَّلَ: مَشى مَشْيَاً ضَعِيفا بطيئاً. تقَهَّلَ صَوْتُه: ضَعُفَ ولانَ. من الشاذِّ فِي هَذَا التَّرْكِيب: القَيْهَلُ والقَيْهَلةُ: الطَّلْعَةُ والوَجه، يُقَال: حَيّا اللهُ هَذِه القَيْهَلَةُ: أَي الطَّلْعَةَ، نَقله ابْن دُرَيْدٍ، وَمِنْه قَوْلُ عليٍّ كرَّمَ اللهُ وَجْهَه ورَضِيَ عَنهُ لكاتِبِه: وخُذِ المِزْبَرَ بشَناتِرِكَ واجْعلْ حُنْدُوْرَتَيْكَ إِلَى قَيْهَلي. أَي مُقْلَتَيْكَ إِلَى وَجْهِي، وَقد ذُكِرَ تَفْسِيرُه فِي شَرْحِ المُقَدِّمةِ للْكتاب.