قمط

1 قَمَطَ, aor. ـُ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and قَمِطَ, (M, K,) inf. n. قَمْطٌ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb,) He bound a child (S, Msb) in the cradle, and a sheep or goat on the occasion of slaughtering it, (S,) with the قِمَاط [q. v.]: (S, Msb:) or قَمَطَهُ signifies he bound his arms and legs, or hands and feet, together, like as is done with a child in the cradle, (K, TA,) and elsewhere, putting his limbs [or arms] next to the body, and then winding upon him the قِمَاط: (TA:) and he bound his (a captive's, Mgh, Msb, K, or others', Mgh) arms and legs, or hands and feet, together, (Mgh, Msb, K, *) with a rope; (Mgh, Msb;) as also ↓ قمّطهُ, (M, K,) inf. n. تَقْمِيطٌ: (M, TA:) and قُمِطَ he (a captive) was thus bound. (S, TA.) b2: قَمَطَ الإِبِلَ, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He disposed the camels in a file, string, or series. (K, TA.) 2 قَمَّطَ see 1.

قِمْطٌ: see قِمَاطٌ, in two places.

قِمَاطٌ The thing, (S,) or wide piece of rag, (Msb,) with which a child is bound (S, Msb) in the cradle: (S:) or the piece of rag, (Mgh, K,) or wide piece of rag, (TA,) which is wound upon a child (M, K, TA) when he is bound in the cradle: (Mgh, TA: *) pl. قُمُطٌ. (Mgh, Msb.) b2: A rope with which the legs of a sheep or goat are bound (S, Mgh, K) on the occasion of the slaughtering; (S, K;) as also ↓ قِمْطٌ: (K:) or a rope with which the arms and legs, or hands and feet, of a captive are bound together: (Msb, K:) pl. as above; (Mgh;) and the pl. of قُمُطٌ [probably a mistranscription for قِمْطٌ] is أَقْمَاطٌ. (TA.) b3: قُمُطٌ also signifies The شُرُط, (Mgh, Msb,) meaning wide woven ropes, (Mgh,) of fibres or leaves of the palm-tree, by which a booth of reeds or canes is bound: or, as some say, the pieces of wood that are upon the outside of a booth of reeds or canes, or in its inside, to which are bound the bundles of reeds or canes that form the roof: (Mgh, Msb:) or the heads [or extremities] thereof: (Msb:) or قمط, with damm, [app. meaning قُمُطٌ, with damm to the second letter as well as the first, or قُمْطٌ as a contraction of قُمُطٌ, like as كُتْبٌ, accord. to some, is a contraction of كُتُبٌ,] as IAth says, on the authority of Hr, (TA,) or ↓ قِمْطٌ, with kesr, (S, K,) signifies the thing, (S,) or rope, (K, TA,) of fibres or leaves of the palmtree, (TA,) with which booths of reeds or canes are bound: (S, K, TA:) and hence مَعَاقِدُ القِمْطِ [the places where such ropes are tied]. (S.) b4: Also قِمَاطٌ (assumed tropical:) The snares by which one snares men: and [its pl.] قُمُطٌ, accord. to the A, (tropical:) the cords of stratagems or tricks. (TA.) [Hence,] وَقَعْتُ عَلَى قِمَاطِهِ (assumed tropical:) I became acquainted with his stratagems, or tricks, (Lth, K,) or his snares by which he snares men. (TA.) [The explanation of this phrase by Lth is وقعت عَلى بُنُودِهِ: that in the K, فَطِنْتُ بُنُودَهُ: another explanation is given in the TA, which is, فَطِنْتُ لَهُ فى تُؤَدَةٍ: in the JK, فَطَنْتُ بِتُؤَودَةٍ: the right reading in the K and JK seems to be فَطِنْتُ بِبُنُودِهِ: and that of the explanation in the TA mentioned in this sentence is most probably, I think, فَطِنْتُ لَهُ فِى بُنُودِهِ I understood him in his stratagems, &c.]

قَمَّاطٌ A maker of قُمُط [pl. of قِمَاط] for children. (TA.) b2: A rope-maker. (TA.)

طوب: انظر مادة طيب لمعرفة بعض الكلمات التي لم تذكر في هذه الــمادة.
طاب وجمعها طابات: جبيرة للعظم، ضــمادة خشب أو صفيح لتضميد العظام المكسورة، وسيدة جبيرة، وأداة لربط الكسر (بوشر). طاب وذكّ، وفي مصر طاب فقط: اسم لعبة وصفها نيبور (رحلة 1: 166) بتفصيل وانظر: (بروان 2: 78، برجون ص512، لين عادات 2: 99، ألف ليلة برسل 11: 390) وجمعها طييب. (انظر لين ص61).
طُوب واحدته طوبة: لَبَّن صلب جاف، ففي ألف ليلة (برسل 4: 186): جاء لعندي وهو مقطع الحوائج منتوف اللحية وهو يدق على صدره بطوبتين (محيط المحيط).
ويقول لين (2: 379 رقم 27) في تعليقه على هذه العبارة أن العامة من الرب حين يركبم الزن والغم يضربون صدورهم بلبنتين.
طوب (معناها الأصلي أجر) تين جاف كبس بشكل كتلة مربعة، وهذه الكتل تشبه الآجر، وهي من الصلابة بحيث يحتاج لكسرها إلى استعمال الفأس أو البلطة (معجم الادريسي) وعند بوسيبه: كتلة تين جاف.
طوبة: هذه الكلمة فقدت معناها الأصلي وأصبحت تستعمل بمعنى تين اخضر (معجم الادريسي).
طوب بالتركية: مدفع (محيط المحيط).
طابة وجمعها طُوَب: كرة اللعب، طوبة، كرة كبة غزل ويقال أيضاً: طابة خيط لعب، طابة غزل (بوشر) وكرة لعب، وراحية، ضرب من لعبة التنس، كرة (همبرت ص114، محيط المحيط في مادة طيب) وكرة ممتلئة هواء. (هلو) وفي معجم بوشر: طابة هوا.
لعب الطابة: راحية، ضرب من لعبة التنس. ولعب الكرة (بوشر).
طابة: مطرقة، ولعبة المطرقة، مطرق طويل المقبض تضرب به كرة الصولجان، ولعبة الصولجان (همبرت ص90، باين سميث 1502) وهي فيما أرى الكلمة التركية طُوب أو طُوب التي تدل على كل شيء مكرر مثل كرة اللعب، وكرة الهوا.
طابة الحسن: نقرة في الحنك غمازة (بوشر).
طابة الشوك: أقتنة (نبات) بوشر.
طوْبَة: هي الكلمة الأسبانية Topo التي تعني بالأسبانية: خلد، فأرة عمياء. غير أن رطوبة عند العرب ويكتبها الكالا بالياء تعني: جرذ أو فأر (فوك، الكالا، هلو وفيه فأر، دوماس حياة العرب ص430 وفيه فأر).
ونفس اختلاف المعنى نجده في كلمة طَوْبنار (انظر الكلمة).
طوبة الزجاج: سمندل، سرفوت (الكالا).
طَوْبِة: اسم نبات مذكور في بعض مخطوطات ابن البيطار (2: 164) وفيها: هو اسم اعجمي لنوع من الشوك ثم ينقل الوصف المطول للبكري الذي يقول فيما يقوله وهي استن عند العرب.
فهي إذاً من غير شك الكلمة الأسبانية toba التي تدل على نوع من الشوك (فكتور) اسمه العلمي: Onopordon ( كولمييرو).
طابان: سيف دمشقي يجلب من دمشق (بوشر).
طابية: (بالأسبانية) Tapia وجمعها طوابي.
طوابى: نوع من السياع صلب صلابة الصخر. ويحصل عليه بوضع نوع من الملاط وهو خليط من الرمل والكلس ممزوج بحصى صغير في قالب من الخشب ويدق بمدكة مربعة ويجفف بعد ذلك. (معجم البيان، معجم الادريسي، فوك وفيه Tapia) .
طابية: جدار من السياع وهو الطين الممزوج بالقش، طوفا (ألكالا).
طابية (بالأسبانية tapia) تعني أيضاً: (مقدار من حائط السياع (الطوفة) وهو في الغالب خمسون قدماً مربعاً) وفي رحلة فداء الأسرى (ص150): (حائط ارتفاعه عشرة اذرع وتساوي ثلاثين قدماً).
طابية: حصن بارز، استحكام بارز (هلو).
طابية: عند الموازنة في جبل لبنان ما يلبسه خوارنتهم في رؤوسهم (برجون ص798) محيط المحيط في مادة طيب وهي فيه بتشديد الياء).
طوبان: نوع من السمك (ياقوت 1: 886).
وفي القزويني (2:119): طوبار.
طَوْبيِن (من الأسبانية topo وجمعها طوابين): خلدِ: فأرة عمياء (فوك).
طَوَّاب: من يعمل الطابية (الطوفة). (المقدمة 2: 330).
طَوَّابَة: مصنع القرميد، مصنع الطوب (بوشر).
مُطَوَّب: مكوّر. بشكل الكرة (بوشر).
طوباليس قش صانعي القلانس أو اللباد (بوشر).

صفر: صَفَر. في محيط المحيط: صَفَر بالفرس عند وروده أي دعاه ليشرب. ولكنها تستعمل أيضاً بمعنى دعاه ليبول (بدرون ص170).
صَفَر لفلان: أعلمه بما عليه أن يفعل أو يقول (بوشر).
صَفَر: عامية صَفِر بمعنى خلا، والعامة تقول: دخلنا الدار فوجدناها تصفُر أي خالية (محيط المحيط).
صَفّر (بالتشديد): أكثر من الصفير ليظهر استهجانه (ألكالا).
صَفّر: جعله أصفر، فالألوان الغامقة واللون الأصفر خاصة تثير في الإنسان صور البؤس والحزن. فاذا أرادوا أن يدعوا على شخص بسوء قالوا له: الله يصفْر لك وجهك. (دوماس حياة العرب ص518).
صَفّر: أوحى بالحزن (فوك).
أصْفَرَ: أحال اللون (ألكالا).
تصَفَّر: اصفَرَّ، صار أصفر اللون (معجم مسلم).
اصفرَّ: شقر صار أشقر، صهب (بوشر).
اصفَرَّ واصفر وجهه: شحب (فوك، ألكالا، بوشر، زيشر 11: 676 رقم4، محمد بن الحارث ص285، كوسج طرائف ص286 ألف ليلة 1: 107، 2: 24، برسل 2: 33، 128، 4: 327).
صَفَر: هو في المغرب تحريف صُفْر أي النحاس الأصفر، شَبَه، شَبَهان (معجم الأسبانية ص227).
صْفَر: صدأ خبث الحديد (ألكالا).
صفر: في الأسبانية Zafre ومعناها مسحوق البزموت الذي يستعمل في صناعة الخزف الصيني. ولما كان البزموت فلزّاً أبيض يميل إلى الصفرة فقد رأيت في معجم الأسبانية (ص359) أن هذه الكلمة مأخوذة من Zafre الأسبانية.
ضحك صفرأً: ضحك ضحكة تشنجية (بوشر).
صَفْرَة. كسر الصفرة: انظرها في مادة كسر.
صُفْرَة: شحوب (فوك، ألف ليلة 1: 791). داءُ الصفرة: مرض الزهري (بوشر).
صُفَرِيّ: مصنوع من الصُفر وهو النحاس (دي يونج).
صُفْرِي وجمعه صَفَارِي: قدر معدنية (فوك).
صُفرِي: صفاريّة، تبشّر (طائر) (بوشر، ياقوت 1: 885).
صُفْرِيّة: إناء من النحاس، قدر من النحاس (دي يونج).
صَفراوي (بفتح الصاد وكسرها): مِرّي، غضوب، شكس (ألكالا، بوشر) وفي معجم المنصوري: حُمرة هي ورم حار صَفْراوي. وفيه في مادة حُمَّى: حمى محرقة الصفراوية الخ. وألكالا هو الذي يقول إنها بكسر الصاد.
صَفْراوي: نسبة إلى داء الصفرو وهو مرض الزهري (بوشر).
ضحك صفراوي: ضحك تشنجي (بوشر).
صفراية: اسم تطلقه العامة على الطائر المسمى في الفصيح الصُفَارِيّة وهو طائر أصفر الريش يقال له التبشر (محيط المحيط).
صَفَار: الأصفر، اللون الأصفر (بوشر) وصَفَار لوني (كوسج طرائف ص49).
صَفَار البيضة: محْها وهو خلاف بياض البيضة (محيط المحيط، بوشر).
صَفَار نوع من الكلأ (مجلة الشرق والجزائر 9/ 119).
صَفَار: صُفّر، شَبَه، شَبَهان، نحاس (ابن الأثير 10: 192 = ابن خلدون طبعة تورنبرج ص11).
صُفار: نبات اسمه العلمي: Cassia Sophera ( براون 2: 45).
صَفِير: حروف الصفير: هي الزاي والسين والصاد (محيط المحيط).
صُفَارة: اسم نبات من النجيليات وهي نباتات من وحيدات الفلقة تشمل النباتات الحبية والعلفية (براكس مجلة الشرق والجزائر 4: 196).
صُفُورَة: شحوب، امتقاع (فوك، ألكالا).
صَفَيرَة: صَفَائِر: مرض اليرقان (رولاند).
صفائر الخيلُ: echium ( براكس مجلة الشرق والجزائر) (8: 279).
صَفِيْرَة: اسم شجرة، (انظر صُفَيْراء).
صفارية: اسم آلة فلكية (الخطيب ص33 ق) وإذا ما كان هذا الاسم نسبة إلى العالم الفلكي ابن الصَفَّار (انظر زيشر 18: 123) فالصواب نطقه صَفَّاريّة.
صُفَيْراء: اسم شجرة يصبغ بخشبها الصباغون. وقد وصفها ابن البيطار (2: 132) وزعم بعضهم أنها الدلب وليس كما زعموا (انظر ابن العوام 1: 18، ورقم 5، وص 155 حيث عليك أن تقرأ والصفيرا، 1: 399 مع تعليقة كلمنت - موليه 1: 372 رقم 1، 2، 573) وفي المستعيني دلب: ابن جلجل هو الخشب الأصفر الذي يصبغ به المعروف بالصفيرة.
وفي معجم المنصوري دلب: هذه الشجرة ليست معروفة في المغرب والذين يزعمون أنها الصفيرا (وهذا الضبط في المخطوطة) مخطئون ويقول ألكالا إنها fustet صنف من السماق يستعمل خشبه ذو العروق المائل إلى الصفرة في الطب والصباغة.
صُفَيِّراء: اسم تطلقه العامة على الصَفَر وهو داء في البطن يصفر منه الوجه، وهو داء اليرقان (محيط المحيط).
صَفّار: الذي يكثر من الصفير (بوشر).
صَفَّار: نافخ المزمار (همبرت ص97).
صَفّار: سَبّاك الصُفْر أي النحاس (فوك، ابن جبير ص266، ابن بطوطة 1: 206، المقدمة 2: 266).
صُفّار، واحدته صُفّارة: دود (فوك ألكالا) وبخاصة ما يتولد منه في جسم الإنسان والحيوانات الأخرى (ألكالا، ابن العوام 2: 666).
صُفَّيْر: اسم نبات يسمى أيضاً كف الهر. انظر ابن البيطار (2: 383) وضبط الكلمة في أ.
صَفّارة: بُوق، نفير (معجم الطرائف).
صَفَّارة: عند العامة غشاء رقيق منتفخ كالبوق يخرج من فقحة الأولاد عند شدة الزحير (محيط المحيط).
صُفّارَة: صنف من الفاصوليا الصغيرة. (عوادة ص396) وقد ذكر فوك هذه الكلمة في مادة لاتينية معناها: صَفَر.
صفافير: صفر، يرقان (براون 2: 149).
صافُورَة: صَفّارة (محيط المحيط).
صوفيرة: صَفّارة.
أصفر: شاحب، ممتقع (فوك، ألكالا بوشر، همبرت ص23).
أصفر: اهليج أصفر (سنج).
أصفر: من به داء اليرقان (المقري 2: 351) الأصفر الداخلي (؟): في المستعيني: قانصة يراد بالقانصة هنا الجلد الذي يطرح منها (كذا) الأصفر الداخلي من قوانص الدجاج والديوك وهو طحان للأحجار (الأحجار) في حيوانه.
بنو الأصفر: أصل هذا الاسم الذي يطلقه العرب على الروم وعلى النصارى عامة مختلف فيه أشد الاختلاف، ويمكن الرجوع في هذا الموضوع إلى زيشر (2: 237، 3: 381، 15: 143، دي سلان تاريخ البربر 2: 311 رقم21 ترجمة ابن خلكان 4: 9 رقم 15).
وتأريخ الصُفْر أي العصر المسيحي يريد به المؤلفون العرب بالأندلس العصر الأسباني وهو يبدأ قبل عصرنا المسيحي بثمان وثلاثين سنة.
دَمُهُ أَصْفَر: هو جبان خَوّاف (دوماس حياة العرب ص349).
الماء الأصفر: اليرقان (تقويم ص111).
صَفْراء (مؤنث أصفر) وصفراء سوداء: مِرَّة سوداء، حوّة، بيله سوداء، (كان القدماء يعتقدون أنها مسببة للكآبة)، سويداء، مالنخوليا (ألكالا، ألف ليلة 4: 250).
أصفر: نبيذ (معجم مسلم).
صفرا: بُلَيْخاء، حشيشة يصبغ بها باللون الأصفر (بوشر).
صفرا: اسم نبتة لونها أصفر يسقى ماؤها المستقين فينتفعون به. انظر (ابن البيطار 2: 131).
صفرا: زهري، مرض مختص بالأعضاء التناسلية (بوشر، هلو).
صفرا وجمعها صفر: قطع ذهبية، دنانير. (مقامات الحريري ص374).
اصفارات (جمع)؟. في رتجرز (ص183): ومن سلاحه واصفاراته وآلاته.
أَصْفِير: ذُعَرة، فتّاح، قوبع، طير من فصيلة الذُعْريّات، ورتبة الجواثم المشرومات الناقير (بارت 1: 144).
تَصْفِير: في الموشحات اخترعه الشاعر أبو بكر عُبادة بن ماء السماء (بسَّام ص124).
ولا أدري إذ كانت كتابة الكلمة صحيحة فالمؤلف يفسرها غير أن نص كلامه محرف.

صفر

1 صَفَرَ aor. ـِ inf. n. صَفِيرٌ, (S, M, K,) with which ↓ صُفَارٌ is syn. in a phrase mentioned below; (S;) and ↓ صفّر, (M, K,) inf. n. تَصْفِيرٌ; (TA;) He, or it, (a bird, a vulture, S, and a serpent, or the أَسْوَد, or أَعْرَج, or اِبْن قِتْرَة, or أَصَلَة, M,) whistled; syn. مكَا; (S;) made, or uttered, a certain sound, (M, Msb, * K,) without the utterance of letters. (Msb.) [It is mostly said of a bird: see an ex. voce جَوٌّ.] One says [also], صَفَرَ فِى الصَّفَّارَةِ [He whistled in the whistle]. (M, K.) And صَفَرَ بِالْحِمَارِ, and ↓ صفّر, He called the ass to water [by whistling; for to do thus is the common custom of the Arabs]. (M, K.) And Fr mentions the phrase, ↓ كَانَ فِى كَلَامِهِ صَفَارٌ, meaning صَفِيرٌ [i. e. There was in his speech a whistling]. (S.) A2: صَفِرَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. صَفَرٌ (S, M, A, K, &c.) and صُفُورٌ; (M, K;) and accord. to the T, صَفَرَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. صُفُورَةٌ; (TA;) It, or he, was, or became, empty, void, or vacant; (S, M, A, Msb, K;) namely, a house or tent; (S;) or a vessel, (S, M, &c.,) مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَالشَّرَابِ [of food and beverage]; and a skin, مِنَ اللَّبَنِ [of milk]; (TA;) and a hand; (A;) and a thing; (S, M;) and accord. to ISk, صَفِرَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. صَفِيرٌ, is said of a man. (TA.) [See also 4, last sentence but one.] One says, نَعُوذُ بِاللّٰهِ مِنْ قَرَعِ الفِنَآءِ وَصَفَرِ الإِنَآءِ (S, M, A) [We seek preservation by God from the yard's becoming void of cattle, and the vessel's becoming empty;] meaning, from the perishing of the cattle. (S.) And صَفِرَتْ وِطَابُهُ, (M, A, K, [in the CK, erroneously, وَطْاَتُهُ,]) and صَفِرَ إِنَاؤُهُ, (A,) [lit. His milk-skins, and his vessel, became empty;] meaning (tropical:) he died; (M, K;) he perished. (A. [See also other explanations in art. وطب.]) A3: صُفِرَ, (M, K,) inf. n. صَفْرٌ, (K,) He had what is termed صُفَار, i. e. yellow water in his belly. (M, K.) 2 صَفَّرَ see above, in two places.

A2: and see 4.

A3: Also صفّرهُ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. تَصْفِيرٌ, (K,) He made it yellow: (S:) he dyed it yellow; (M, K;) namely, a garment, or piece of cloth. (M.) 4 اصفرهُ He emptied it; or made it void, or vacant; namely, a house or tent [&c.]; (M, K;) as also ↓ صفّرهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَصْفِيرٌ. (TA.) The Arabs say, مَا أَصْغَيْتُ لَكَ إِنَآءً وَلَا أَصْفَرْتُ لَكَ فِنَآءً

[I have not overturned a vessel belonging to thee, nor have I emptied a yard belonging to thee]; meaning I have not taken thy camels nor thy property, so that thy vessel should be overturned and thou shouldst find no milk to milk into it, and so that thy yard should be empty, plundered, no camel or sheep or goat lying in it: it is said in excusing oneself. (M.) A2: [Accord. to Freytag, اصفر signifies also It (a house) was, or became, empty, or void, of (مِنْ) household-goods: so that it is syn. with صَفِرَ: and this is probably correct: for b2: ] أَصْفَرَ, (S, K,) also, (K,) signifies He was, or became, poor; (S, K;) said of a man. (S.) 5 تصفّر المَالُ The cattle became in good condition, the vehement heat of summer having departed from them: [or,] accord. to Sgh, تصفّرت الإِبِلُ signifies The camels became fat in the [season called the] صَفَرِيَّة. (TA.) 9 اصفرّ It become أَصْفَر [i. e. yellow: and also black]: (S, M, K:) and so ↓ اصفارّ: (S, K:) or the former signifies it was so constantly: and the latter, it was so transiently. (Az, TA. [See 9 in art. حمر.]) 11 إِصْفَاْرَّ see the next preceding paragraph.

صَفْرٌ: see صِفْرٌ.

صُفْرٌ: see صِفْرٌ.

A2: Also, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and ↓ صِفْرٌ accord. to AO, (S, M, Msb, *) who allowed no other form, but the former is the better, (M,) [Brass;] the metal of which vessels are made; (S;) i. q. نُحَاسٌ [which means both copper and brass]; (A, Msb;) or a sort of نُحَاس; or نُحَاس made yellow; (M;) or the best sort of نُحَاس; (Msb;) or an excellent sort thereof: (TA:) n. un. ↓ صُفْرَةٌ. (M.) b2: And Gold: (M, A, K: [see also الصَّفْرَآءُ, voce أَصْفَرُ:]) or deenars; either because they are yellow (صُفْرٌ [pl. of أَصْفَرُ]), or thus called because resembling the صُفْر of which vessels are made. (M.) b3: And Women's ornaments. (A.) b4: إِنَّهُ لَفِى صُفْرِهِ, (S, O, TA, [thus in an old and very excellent copy of the S, in another copy of which I find, as in Freytag's Lex., ↓ صُفْرَةٍ,]) and ↓ صِفْرِهِ, (TA,) [app. means He is in that state in which he requires to be rubbed with saffron; for it] is said of him who is affected by madness, when he is in the days in which his reason fails; because they used to rub him with somewhat of saffron. (S, O, L.) صِفْرٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and ↓ صُفْرٌ and ↓ صُفُرٌ and ↓ صَفِرٌ (M, K) and ↓ صَفْرٌ (M) and ↓ أَصْفَرُ (Msb) Empty, void, or vacant; (S, M, A, Msb, K;) applied to a house or tent, (S, Msb,) and to a vessel, (M, A,) and to a hand: (A:) each of the first three is used alike as masc. and fem. and sing. [and dual] and pl.: (M:) [and so, app., is the last but one:] and each has also for its pl. أَصْفَارٌ. (M, K.) One says بَيْتٌ صِفْرٌ مِنَ المَتَاعِ A house, or tent, or chamber, empty, or void, of furniture and utensils. (S.) And [applying the pl. form of the epithet to a sing. subst.,] إِنَآءٌ أَصْفَارٌ An empty vessel; (M, K;) like as one says بُرْمَةٌ أَعْشَارٌ; on the authority of IAar: (M:) and [applying the sing form of the epithet to a pl. subst.,] آنِيَةٌ صِفْرٌ empty vessels. (M, K.) and رَجُلٌ صِفْرُ اليَدَيْنِ A man empty-handed. (S, Msb.) And صِفْرٌ مِنَ الخَيْرِ (assumed tropical:) Void of good. (TA.) And it is said, in a trad., of Umm-Zara, that she was صِفْرٌ رِدَاؤُهَا meaning (assumed tropical:) Lank in her belly; as though her رداء, which is a garment that falls upon the belly and there ends, were empty. (TA.) And هُوَ صِفْرٌ صِحْرٌ It is [utterly] empty; صحر being an imitative sequent. (Kh, Ham p.

354.) b2: صِفْرٌ in arithmetical notation, in the Indian method, is A circle [or the character ه, denoting nought, or zero; whence our term “ cipher: ” when nought is thus denoted, five is denoted by a character resembling our B: but more commonly, in the present day, nought is denoted by a round dot; and five, by ه]. (L, TA.) A2: See also صُفْرٌ, in two places.

صَفَرٌ [an inf. n. of صَفِرَ, q. v.: b2: and hence,] Hunger: and ↓ صَفْرَةٌ [the inf. n. un.] a hungering once. (M, K.) b3: Also A certain disease in the belly, which renders the face yellow: (M, K:) or a collecting of water in the belly. (KT.) [See also صُفَارٌ.] b4: Also A kind of serpent, (S, M, K,) in the belly, (S, K,) which sticks to the ribs, and bites them, (M, K,) or, as the Arabs assert, which bites a man when he is hungry, its bite occasioning the stinging which a man feels when he is hungry: (S:) used alike as sing. and pl.; or one is termed صَفَرَةٌ: (M:) and it is said to be what is meant by the word in a trad., in which it is disacknowledged: (S, TA:) or a certain reptile (دَابَّة) which bites the ribs and their cartilages: (M, K:) or a certain serpent in the belly, which attacks beasts and men, and which, accord. to the Arabs [of the time of Ignorance], passes from one to another more than the mange or scab; (Ru-beh:) the Prophet, however, denied its doing so: it is said also that it oppresses and hurts a man when he is hungry: (A'Obeyd:) this is the explanation approved by Az: (TA:) or, as also ↓ صُفَارٌ, worms in the belly, (M, K, TA,) and in the cartilages of the ribs, which cause a man to become very yellow, and sometimes kill him. (TA.) You say, عَضَّ عَلَى شُرْسُوفِهِ الصَّفَرُ, meaning, (tropical:) He was hungry. (A.) A2: Accord. to some, (M,) in the trad. above referred to, صَفَرٌ signifies The postponing of [the month] El-Moharram, transferring it to Safar: (A'Obeyd, M, K:) [see نَسِىْءٌ:] or it there means the disease called by this name, because they asserted it to be transitive. (K.) A3: Also The intellect, or understanding; or the heart, or mind; syn. رُوعٌ: (M, K: [in the CK رَوْع:]) the inmost part (لُبّ) of the heart. (M, K.) Hence the saying, (TA,) لَا يَلْتَاطُ هٰذَا بِصَفَرِى

This will not adhere to me, [or to my mind,] nor will my soul accept it: (S, TA:) said of that which one does not love. (A.) A4: Also A contract, compact, or covenant: or suretiship, or responsibility: syn. عَقْدٌ. (M, L, K. [In some copies of the K, فقد.]) A5: Also (S, M, Msb, K) and sometimes [صَفَرُ,] imperfectly decl., (K,) but all make it perfectly decl. except AO, who makes it imperfectly decl. because it is determinate [or a proper name] and similar in meaning to سَاعَةٌ, which is fem., meaning that all nouns signifying times are سَاعَات, (Th, M,) and, accord. to some, الصَّفَرُ, (Msb,) [The second month of the Arabian calendar;] the month that is [the next] after ElMoharram (المُحَرَّمُ): (S, M, K:) so called because in it they used to procure their provision of corn from the places [in which it was collected, their granaries having then become empty (صِفْر); agreeably with the opinion of my learned friend Mons. Fulgence Fresnel, that it was so called from the scarcity of provisions in the season in which it fell when it was first named; for it then fell in winter: see the latter of the two tables in p. 1254; and see also نَسِىْءٌ]: or because Mekkeh was then empty, its people having gone forth to travel: or, accord. to Ru-beh, because the Arabs in it made predatory expeditions, and left those whom they met empty: (M:) or because they then made predatory expeditions, and left the houses of the people empty: (Msb in art. جمد:) pl. أَصْفَارٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) and, as some say, صَفَرَاتٌ. (Msb.) b2: الصَّفَرَانِ The two months of El-Moharram and Safar; (M;) two months of the year, whereof one was called by the Muslims El-Moharram. (IDrd, M, Msb, K.) صَفِرٌ: see صِفْرٌ, first sentence.

صُفُرٌ: see صِفْرٌ, first sentence.

صَفْرَةٌ: see صَفَرٌ, [of which it is the n. un.,] first sentence.

صُفْرَةٌ [Yellowness;] a certain colour, (S, M, Msb,) well known, (M, K,) less intense than red, (Msb,) found in animals and in some other things, and, accord. to IAar, in water. (M.) b2: Also Blackness. (M, K.) b3: See also صُفْرٌ, in two places.

A2: صُفْرَةُ, imperfectly decl., is a proper name for The she-goat. (Sgh, K.) صَفَرِىٌّ (S, M, K) and ↓ صَفَرِيَّةٌ (K) The increase, or offspring, (نِتَاج,) of sheep or goats (S, M, K [in the CK, او is erroneously put for و before this explanation]) after that called قَيْظِىٌّ: (S, TA:) or at the period of the [auroral] rising of Suheyl [or Canopus, which, in Central Arabia, at the commencement of the era of the Flight, was about the 4th of August, O. S.; here erroneously said in the M to be in the beginning of winter]: (M, K:) or ↓ the latter word signifies [as above, and also the period itself above mentioned: or] the period from the rising of Suheyl to the setting of الذِّرَاع [the Seventh Mansion of the Moon, which, in the part and age above mentioned, was about the 3rd of January, O. S.], when the cold is intense; and then breeding is approved: (M:) or the period from the rising of Suheyl to the rising of السِّمَاك [the Fourteenth Mansion of the Moon, which, in the part and age above mentioned, was about the 4th of October, O. S.], commencing with forty nights of varying, or alternating, heat and cold, called المُعْتَدِلَاتُ: (Az:) the first increase [of sheep and goats] is the صَقَعِىّ, which is when the sun smites (تَصْقَعُ) the heads of the young ones; and some of the Arabs call it the شَمْسِىّ, and the قَيْظِىّ: then is the صَفَرِىّ, after the صَقَعِىّ; and that is when the fruit of the palm-tree is cut off: then, the شَتَوِىّ, which is in the [season called] رَبِيع: then, the دَفَئِىّ, which is when the sun becomes warm: then, the صَيفِىّ: then, the قَيْظِىّ: then, the خَرَفِىّ, in the end of the [season called] قَيْظ: (Aboo-Nasr:) or صَفَرِيَّةٌ signifies, (M, K,) and so صَفَرِىٌّ, (K,) the [period of the] departure of the heat and the coming of the cold: (AHn, M, K:) or the period between the departure of the summer and the coming of the winter: (Aboo-Sa'eed:) or the first of the seasons; [app. meaning the autumnal season, called الخَرِيف, which was the first of the four, and of the six, seasons; or perhaps the first of the seasons of rain, commonly called الوَسْمِىّ;] and it may be a month: (AHn, M, K:) or the latter, (M,) or both, (TA,) the beginning of the year. (M, TA.) [Hence,] أَيَّامُ

↓ الصَّفَرِيَّةِ Twenty days of, or from, (مِنْ,) the latter part of the summer, or hot season. (TA voce حُلَّبٌ.) b2: Also the former, (S,) or ↓ both, (TA,) The rain that comes in the beginning of autumn: (S:) or from the period of the rising of Suheyl to that of the setting of الذِّرَاع [expl. above]. (TA.) b3: Also the latter, (S, M,) or ↓ both, (K,) A plant that grows in the beginning of the autumn: (S, M, K:) so called, accord. to AHn, because the beasts become yellow when they pasture upon that which is green; their arm-pits and similar parts, and their lips and fur, becoming yellow; but [ISd says,] I have not found this to be known. (M.) صُفْرِيَّةٌ A sort of dates of El-Yemen, which are dried in the state in which they are termed بُسْر, (AHn, M, K,) being then yellow; and when they become dry, and are rubbed with the hand, they crumble, and سَوِيق is sweetened with them, and they surpass sugar; (AHn, M;) [or] they supply the place of sugar in سَوِيق. (K.) A2: الصُّفْرِيَّةُ, (S, M, K,) and, (K,) or as some say, (S, M,) ↓ الصِّفْرِيَّةُ, (M, K,) A sect of the خَوَارِج, (S,) a party of the حَرُورِيَّة; (M, K;) so called in relation to Sufrah (صُفْرَةُ [which is the name of a place in El-Yemámeh]): (M:) or in relation to Ziyád Ibn-El-Asfar, (S, K,) their head, or chief; (S;) or to 'Abd-Allah (S, M, K) Ibn-Es-Saffár, (S,) or Ibn-Saffár, (K,) or Ibn-Safár, (so in a copy of the M,) in which case it is extr. in form; (M;) or on account of the yellowness of their complexions; or because of their being void of religion; (K;) accord. to which last derivation, it is ↓ الصِّفْرِيَّةُ, with kesr; and As holds this to be the right opinion. (TA.) b2: And the former (الصُّفْرِيَّةُ) The مَهَالِبَة, (M, K,) who were celebrated for bounty and generosity; (TA;) so called in relation to Aboo-Sufrah, (M, K,) who was [surnamed] Abu-l-Mohelleb. (M.) الصِّفْرِيَّةُ: see the next preceding paragraph in two places.

صَفَرِيَّةٌ: see صَفَرِىٌّ, in five places.

صِفْرِيتٌ is the sing. of صَفَارِيتُ, (S,) which signifies Poor men: (S, K:) the ت is augmentative. (S.) صَفَارٌ, (S, M,) with fet-h, (S,) or ↓ صُفَارٌ, like غُرَابٌ, (K,) What is dry, of [the species of barleygrass called] بُهْمَى: (S, M, K:) app. because of its yellowness: (M:) it has prickles that cling to the lips of the horses. (TA in art. شفه.) b2: and the former, accord. to ISk, A certain plant. (TA.) صُفَارٌ: see 1, in two places.

A2: Also A certain disease, in consequence of which one becomes yellow: (A:) the yellow water that collects in the belly; (M, K;) i. q. سِقْىٌ: (M:) or a collecting of yellow water in the belly, which is cured by cutting the نَائِط, a vein in the صُلْبِ [i. e. backbone, or back]. (S.) b2: See also صَفَرٌ. b3: and see صَفَارٌ. b4: Also A yellowness that takes place in wheat before the grain has become full. (A, TA.) b5: And Remains of straw and of other fodder, at the roots of the teeth of beasts; as also ↓ صِفَارٌ. (M, K.) b6: And The tick, or ticks: (M, K:) and, (K,) or as some say, (M,) an insect, or animalcule, (دُوَيْبَّةٌ,) that is found in the solid hoofs, and in the toes, or soles, of camels, (M, K,) in the hinder parts thereof. (M.) صِفَارٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

صَفِيرٌ inf. n. of صَفَرَ [q. v.]. (S, M, K.) A2: [In the present day it signifies also The sapphire.]

صُفَارَةٌ What has withered, (M, K,) and become altered to yellow, (M,) of plants, or herbage. (M, K.) صَفِيرَةٌ A dam (ضَفِيرَةٌ) between two tracts of land. (Sgh, K.) صُفَارَى A species of bird, that whistles (يَصْفِرُ). (M. [See also what next follows.]) صُفَارِيَّةٌ A certain bird; (IAar, S;) as also صُفَارِيَةٌ, without teshdeed; (S;) the bird called تُبَشِّرٌ, (S in art. بشر,) or تُبُشِّرٌ: (K in that art.:) [Golius (who writes the word صَفَارِيَّةٌ) adds, “ut puto, quæ in Syria صُفَيْرا dicitur, flava, duplo major passere, nam et passer luteus, ut reddit Meid. ”:] i. q. صَعْوَةٌ. (IAar.) [See also الأَصْقَعُ.]

صُفُورِيَّةٌ, accord. to the K, A kind of نَبَات [i. e. plant]: but in the Tekmileh, a kind of ثِيَاب [i. e. garments, or cloths]; pl. of ثَوْب; and it bears the mark of correctness. (TA.) صَفَّارٌ: see صَافِرٌ

A2: Also A fabricator of صُفْر [or brass]. (M, K.) صُفَّارٌ, with damm, The entire quill of a feather. (AA, O.) صَفَّارَةٌ [A whistle: so in the present day: and also a fife:] a hollow thing (M, K) of copper, (K,) in which a boy whistles (M, K) to pigeons, (K,) or to an ass, that he may drink. (TS, L, K.) b2: [Hence,] الصَّفَّارَةُ The anus; syn. الاِسْتُ; (M, K;) in the dial. of the Sawád. (TA.) صَافِرٌ Whistling; or a whistler. (TA.) b2: and hence, (TA,) A thief; (K;) as also ↓ صَفَّارٌ: [or this signifies a frequent, or habitual, whistler:] the thief being so called because he whistles in fear of his being suspected: whence, as some explain it, the saying أَجْبَنُ مِنْ صَافِرٍ [More cowardly than a thief]: (TA:) a prov.: accord. to AO, it means in this instance one who whistles to a woman for the purpose of fornication or adultery; because he fears lest he should be seen: or b3: accord. to A'Obeyd, Any bird that whistles; for birds of prey do not whistle, but only ignoble birds, that are preyed upon: (Meyd:) [or] any bird that does not prey: (M, K:) and any bird having a cry: and a certain cowardly bird: (K:) [accord. to Dmr, as stated by Freytag, it is a bird of the passerine kind; also called ↓ صَافِرِيَّةٌ:] accord. to Mohammad Ibn-Habeeb, (Meyd,) a certain bird that suspends itself from trees, hanging down its head, whistling all the night in fear lest it should sleep and be taken; and so in the prov. above mentioned: (Meyd, A: *) or, accord. to IAar, it means بِهِ ↓ مَصْفُورٌ [whistled to]: i. e., when he is whistled to, he flees: and by بِهِ ↓ المَصْفُورُ is meant the bird called التنوّط [i. e. التَّنَوُّطُ or التُّنَوِّطُ &c.], the cowardice of which induces it to weave for itself a nest like a purse, suspended from a tree, narrow in the mouth and wide in the lower part, in which it protects itself, fearing lest a bird of prey should light upon it: (Meyd: [see also art. نوط:]) or any coward. (TA.) b4: مَا بِهَا صَافِرٌ There is not in it (i. e. the house, الدَّار, TA) any one: (S, K:) [lit.] any one who whistles: (M:) or any one to be called by whistling; صَافِرٌ being here an instance of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ followed by بِهِ. (T, TA.) صَافِرِيَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

أَصْفَرُ [a comparative and superlative epithet form صَفَرَ]. One says أَصْفَرُ مِنْ بُلْبُلٍ [A greater whistler, or warbler, than the بلبل]. (S.) A2: See also صِفْرٌ. b2: [Also More, and most, empty, void, or vacant.] It is said in a trad., أَصْفَرُ البُيُوتِ مِنَ الخَيْرِ البَيْتُ الصِّفْرُ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللّٰهِ [That one of houses which is the most void of good is the house that is destitute of the Book of God]. (S.) A3: Also [Yellow;] of the colour termed صُفْرَةٌ: (S, M, K:) fem. صَفْرَآءُ: (Msb, &c.:) pl. صُفْرٌ. (TA.) And Black (A'Obeyd, S, K) is sometimes thus termed: (S:) applied to a camel, as in the Kur lxxvii. 33, because a black camel always has an intermixture of yellow: (TA:) or, applied to a camel, of a colour whereof the ground is black, with some yellow hairs coming through. (M.) Applied to a horse, Of the colour termed in Pers\.

زَرْدَهْ [a kind of sorrel], (S,) but not unless having a yellow [or sorrel] tail and mane. (As, S.) b2: بَنُو الأَصْفَرِ The Greeks (الرُّومُ): (S, A:) or their kings: because the sons of El-Asfar the son of Room the son of 'Eesoo (or 'Eysoon, TA, [i. e. Esau,]) the son of Is-hák [or Isaac] (K) the son of Ibráheem [or Abraham]: (TA:) or El-Asfar was a surname of Room: (TA:) or they were so called because their first ancestor, (A, IAth,) Room the son of 'Eysoon, (IAth,) was of a yellow complexion: (A, IAth:) or because they were conquered by an army of Abyssinians by whom their women had yellow children: (K:) [or] they are the modern Muscovites. (TA.) b3: الأَصْفَرَانِ Gold and saffron; (S, M, K;) which are said to destroy women: (TA:) or the plant called وَرْس and saffron: (S, K:) or the plant called وَرْس and gold: (M:) or saffron and raisins. (ISk, Sgh, K.) b4: And الصَّفْرَآءُ Gold. (M, K. [See also صُفْرٌ.]) Hence the saying of 'Alee, يَا صَفْرَآءُ اصْفَرِّى وَيَا بَيْضَآءُ ابْيَضِّى وَغُرِّى غَيْرِى O gold, [be yellow,] and O silver, [be white, and beguile other than me:] and one says also, مَا لِفُلَانٍ صَفْرَآءُ وَلَا بَيْضَآءُ [There is not belonging to such a one gold nor silver]. (TA.) b5: Also A kind of bile, (M, K,) well-known; (K;) [the yellow bile; one of the four humours of the body; of which the others are the black bile (السَّوْدَآءُ), the blood (الدَّمُ), and the phlegm (البَلْغَمُ):] so called because of its colour. (M.) b6: And The bow that is made of [the tree called] نَبْع. (S, * K, * TA.) b7: and The female locust that is devoid of eggs. (M, K.) b8: And A certain plant, (S, M, K,) of the plain or soft tracts, and of the sands, (M, K,) and sometimes growing in hard level ground: (M:) or a certain herb, that spreads upon the ground, (AHn, M,) the leaves of which are like those of the خَسّ [or lettuce], (AHn, M, K,) and which the camels eat vehemently: (AHn, M:) it is of the kind called ذُكُور. (Aboo-Nasr, M.) مُصْفَرٌ: see its fem., with ة, voce مَصْفُورٌ.

مُصْفِرٌ A poor man. (S.) مُصَفَّرٌ; and its fem., with ة: see مَصْفُورٌ.

هُوَ مَصَفِّرُ اسْتِهِ is from الصَّفِيرُ, [see صَفَرَ,] not from الصُّفْرَةُ, (S,) and means He is a صَرَّاط; (S, K;) as though denoting cowardice: (TA:) or it is from صَفَّرَ “ he dyed yellow; ” (M;) and was applied to Aboo-Jahl; (M, TA;) meaning that he dyed his اِسْت with saffron, and was addicted to [the enormity termed] أُبْنَة: this, accord. to Sgh, is the correct explanation; and he adds that it is said of a luxurious man, whom experience and afflictions have not rendered firm, or sound, in judgment. (TA.) b2: المُصَفِّرَةُ is an appellation applied to Those whose sign [meaning the colour of their ensign] is صُفْرَة; (M, K;) [i. e. whose ensign is yellow;] and is similar to المُحَمِّرَةُ and المُبَيِّضَةُ. (M.) مَصْفُورٌ: see صَافِرٌ, in two places.

A2: Also Hungry; and so ↓ مُصَفَّرٌ. (K.) b2: Of the مَصْفُورَة, (TA,) and ↓ مُصْفَرَة, (Mgh, TA,) or ↓ مُصَفَّرَة, (Mgh,) which one is forbidden to offer in sacrifice, (Mgh, TA,) it is said that the first is Such as has the ear entirely cut off; because its ear-hole is destitute of the ear: and the second, the lean, or emaciated; because devoid of fatness; or, accord. to KT, the first and second have the latter meaning, as though destitute of fat and flesh: (TA:) or the second and third have the latter meaning; or the former meaning: (Mgh:) but accord. to the relation of Sh, what is thus forbidden is termed المَصْغُورَةُ, with غ, having the former of the meanings expl. above; which IAth disapproves: (TA in art. صغر:) or المُصَغَّرَةُ. (Mgh in that art.) A3: Also Having the disease termed صُفَار: (A, TA:) or one from whose belly comes forth yellow water. (TA.)

طرح

1 طَرَحَهُ, and طَرَحَ بِهِ, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) the latter allowable because a verb that is syn. with another verb may have the same government as the latter, and طَرَحَ is syn. with a verb that is trans. by means of ب, as will be shown in what follows, (Msb,) aor. ـَ (Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. طَرْحٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) He cast it, threw it, or flung it; or cast, threw, or flung, it away; [and particularly as a thing of no account; (see طِرْحٌ;)] syn. رَمَاهُ, (S, A, O, K,) or رَمَى بِهِ, (Mgh, Msb,) and أَلْقَاهُ; (A, Mgh;) مِنْ يَدِهِ [from his hand]. (Mgh.) You say, طَرَحَ لَهُ الوِسَادَةَ (A, TA) He threw to him the pillow, or cushion; syn. أَلْقَاهُ. (TA.) And طَرَحْتُ الرِّدَآءَ عَلَى عَاتِقِى I threw the [garment called] ردآء

upon my shoulder; syn. أَلْقَيْتُهُ. (Msb.) and [hence] طَرَحَ عَلَيْهِ المَسْأَلَةَ (tropical:) He put, or proposed, (lit. threw,) to him the question: (A, * TA:) thought by ISd to be post-classical. (TA.) [And in post-classical language, طَرحٌ signifies also The making a throw in the game of backgammon and the like; and the making a move in the game of chess &c.] b2: Also, i. e. طَرَحَهُ and طَرَحَ بِهِ, He removed it; placed it, or put it, at a distance; put it away, or far away; [cast it off, rejected it, or discarded it;] (ISd, K, TA;) as also ↓ اِطَّرَحَهُ; (S, A, O, K;) [respecting which see 8 in art. ضرح;] and ↓ طرّحهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَطْرِيحٌ; (TA;) or this last signifies he cast it, threw it, or flung it, or he cast, threw, or flung, it away, much, or frequently. (S, A, O.) One says, طَرَحَتِ النَّوَى بِفُلَانٍ كُلَّ مَطْرَحٍ i. e. (tropical:) [Removal, or distance, or the place to which he journeyed,] rendered such a one [utterly] remote [or cast away]. (S, O, TA. [Here مَطْرَح is an inf. n.]) And [in like manner] طَرَحَ بِهِ الدَّهْرُ كُلَّ مَطْرَحٍ i. e. (tropical:) [Time, or fortune,] removed him, or separated him, [utterly,] from his family and kindred. (TA.) And مَا طَرَحَكَ إِلَى هٰذِهِ البِلَادِ (tropical:) [What has driven thee to these regions?]. (A.) And اِطْرَحْ إِلَيْهِمْ عَهْدَهُمْ (assumed tropical:) [Cast thou from thee, to them, their covenant; i. e. reject it, or renounce it, to them]. (Bd in viii. 60.) And هٰذَا ↓ اِطَّرِحْ الحَدِيثَ (tropical:) [Dismiss thou this discourse]. (A, TA. [See the pass. part. n., below.]) And ↓ اِطَّرِحْ شُكْرِى وَلَوْمِى (assumed tropical:) Let thou alone, or abstain thou from, thanking me and blaming me. (Har p.

332.) A2: طَرِحَ, (IAar, O, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. طَرَحٌ, (TK,) He (a man, IAar, O) was, or became, evil in disposition. (IAar, O, K.) b2: And He enjoyed, or led, a life of ample ease and comfort. (IAar, O, K.) 2 طَرَّحَ see 1. b2: طرّح, (S, A, O, K,) inf. n. تَطْرِيحٌ, (S, K,) signifies also (tropical:) He made a thing long, or he made it high: (TA:) or he made his building long; (S, K;) as also ↓ طَرْمَحَ, (S, and K in art. طرمح,) in which the م is [said to be] augmentative: (S:) or both signify he made his building long and high: (A:) or the former signifies he made his building very long. (O.) b3: And He (a horse) took long, or wide, steps in running. (O, TA.) 3 مُطَارَحَةُ الكَلَامِ is a phrase well known: (S, K:) المُطَارَحَةُ signifies (assumed tropical:) The bandying of words, one with another; (KL, and Har p. 190;) the holding a colloquy, or a discussion, with another: and it is [said to be] primarily used in relation to singing. (Har ibid.) You say; طارحهُ الكَلَامَ (assumed tropical:) He held a colloquy, or a discussion, with him. (MA.) And طَارَحْتُهُ العِلْمَ and الغِنَآءَ (tropical:) [I bandied with him scientific discourse and songs]. (A.) [See also 6.]4 أَطْرِح (tropical:) Look thou: (A, TA:) from طَرْفٌ مِطْرَحٌ and طَرِيحٌ. (TA.) 5 تطرّح He attired himself with a طَرْحَة: a post-classical word.]6 تطارحوا (tropical:) They bandied questions, one with another; put, or proposed, (lit. threw,) questions, one to another. (A.) 8 اِطَّرَحَ: see 1, in three places. Q. Q. 1 طَرْمَحَ: see 2; and see also art. طرمح.

طِرْحٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ طُرَّحٌ and ↓ طَرِيحٌ (K) A thing (S, A) cast, thrown, or flung, away, syn. مَطْرُوحٌ, (S, A, K,) and not wanted by any one. (S.) One says, لَوْ بَاتَ مَتَاعُكَ طِرْحًا مَا أُخِذَ [If thy household goods passed the night, or remained during the night, cast away and neglected, they would not be taken]. (A, TA.) A2: And طِرْحٌ signifies also The leopard: so says Aboo-Kheyreh: pl. طُرُوحٌ. (O.) طَرَحٌ (assumed tropical:) Distance, or remoteness. (TA.) b2: See also طَرُوحٌ, in two places.

طَرْحَةٌ The [article of apparel called] طَيْلَسَان [q. v.]: (O, K:) it was not known to the Arabs. (O.) [See De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., ii.

267-269: and Dozy's Dict. des Noms des Vêtements chez les Arabes, pp. 254-262. It is now applied in Egypt to a kind of head-veil worn by women, the two ends of which generally hang down behind, nearly reaching to the ground: but it is often worn in another manner; about a quarter of it hanging down behind, and the remainder being turned over the head, and under the chin, and over the head again, so that the middle part covers the bosom, and both ends hang down behind: it is a piece of muslin, or the like, often embroidered at each end; about three quarters of a yard in width, and in length nearly equal to twice the height of the wearer.]

طُرَّحٌ: see طِرْحٌ.

طَرَاحٌ: see the next paragraph.

طَرُوحٌ (assumed tropical:) A distant place; as also ↓ طَرَحٌ, (S, K,) and ↓ طَرَاحٌ, (K,) and [app. ↓ طَارِحٌ, for] one says دِيَارٌ طَوَارِحُ (tropical:) Distant dwellings or abodes [as though the latter word were pl. of طَارِحَةٌ]. (A, TA.) [Hence,] عُقْبَةٌ طَرُوحٌ (tropical:) [A stage of a journey] far-extending. (A, * O: in a copy of the former عَقَبَةٌ.) And ↓ سَيْرٌ طُرَاحِىٌّ (assumed tropical:) A far, or distant, journey: (As, S, O, K:) or a hard journey. (TA.) And نِيَّةٌ طَرُوحٌ, (TA,) or ↓ طَرَحٌ, (T, K, TA, and O in art. ضرح,) like ضَرَحٌ, (O in that art.,) i. q. بَعِيدَةٌ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) A distant, or remote, thing, or place, that is the object of an action or a journey]. (T, O, K.) And نَخْلَةٌ طَرُوحٌ (assumed tropical:) A palm-tree having long racemes: (S, O, K:) or of which the upper part is far from the lower: pl. طُرُحٌ, with two dammehs. (TA.) b2: قَوْسٌ طَرُوحٌ (tropical:) A bow that propels the arrow with vehemence; (S, A, O;) i. q. ضَرُوحٌ: (S, O, K:) or that sends the arrow far: (TA:) or that sends it to the furthest limit. (AHn, TA.) And رَجُلٌ طَرُوحٌ (tropical:) A man who, when he compresses, impregnates. (Lh, O, K.) And فَحْلٌ طَرُوحٌ (assumed tropical:) i. q. مِطْرَحٌ, q. v. (O.) And زَمَنٌ طَرُوحٌ (tropical:) A time that casts the people thereof into places, or positions, of peril: and نَوَائِبُ طُرْحٌ [or طُرُحٌ, as above, (tropical:) Accidents that cast people into such places or positions]. (A.) طَرِيحٌ: see طِرْحٌ: b2: and see also مِطْرَحٌ.

سَيْرٌ طُرَاحِىٌّ: see طَرُوحٌ.

طَرَّاحَةٌ: see مِطْرَحٌ.

طَارِحٌ: [fem. with ة; and pl. of the latter طَوَارِحُ:] see طَرُوحٌ.

سَنَامٌ إِطْرِيحٌ A long, (S, O, L, K,) or tall, (S, * O, * L, K, *) camel's hump, (S, O, L, K,) leaning on one side. (L.) [See an ex. voce إِسْلِيحٌ.]

أُطْرُوحَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A question that one puts, or proposes, lit. throws. (TA.) فُلَانٌ يُلْقِى الأَطَارِيحَ is expl. by AO as meaning Such a ones moves both his arms up and down [in walking]: denoting a proud and self-conceited manner of walking. (O.) مَطْرَحٌ A place where, or into which, a thing [or person is cast or thrown or] is made to be: pl. مَطَارِحُ. (Har p. 188.) b2: [And hence,] (tropical:) A state in which a person is [put, or placed]: so in the saying, مَاطَرَحَكَ هٰذَا المَطْرَحَ (tropical:) What hath put, or placed, thee in this state in which thou art? (A.) مِطْرَحٌ I. q. مِفْرَشٌ [q. v.: and ↓ طَرَّاحَةٌ has the same, or a similar, meaning; applied in the present day to a horse-cloth, and the like; and to a mattress]: pl. مَطَارِحُ. (A, TA.) b2: فَحْلٌ مِطْرَحٌ (tropical:) A stallion that sends his semen far into the womb; (A, * O, K;) like ↓ طَرُوحٌ. (O.) And طَرْفٌ مِطْرَحٌ (tropical:) An eye that sees far; (A, O, K;) as also ↓ طَرِيحٌ. (A, TA.) And رُمْحٌ مِطْرَحٌ (tropical:) A long spear. (A, K.) And إِبِلٌ مَطَارِحُ (tropical:) Quick, or swift, camels. (A, TA.) b3: [مِطْرَحٌ, as stated by Freytag, is also expl. by Reiske as meaning Camela in cujus ventrem aqua profunda cadit: but this explanation may have originated from a doubtful instance of the same epithet applied to a stallion camel: see above.]

قَوْلٌ مُطَّرَحٌ (tropical:) A [rejected] saying, to which no regard is paid. (A, TA.) مَشَى مُتَطَرِّحًا (assumed tropical:) He walked, or went, in a slack, or languid, manner; as though repeatedly stumbling, or throwing himself down; syn. مُتَسَاقِطًا; (IDrd, A, O;) like one fatigued, or weary, (IDrd, O, K,) and weak. (TA.)

طرح: طرح: الغى، أبطل (بوشر).
طرح: سحب النقود من الاستعمال (دي ساسي طرائف 2: 114) طرح: لا يعني هذا الفعل في لعب الشطرنج (رمى قطعة) كما يقول دي ساسي وفريتاج ولين من غير دليل، بل معناه أعطى خصمه ميزة، وذلك بان يترك الماهر منها قطعة أو عدة قطع أو يعطيها إلى من هو اقل مهارة لكي تكون اللعبة متعادلة (بلاند في جريدة الجمعية الآسيوية الملكية البريطانية العظمى وإيرلندة (13: 15) وهو ينقل وهو مصيب من حياة تيمور (2: 874، 876) وعبارة عند فالتون (ص38) اجدر بالملاحظة وهي حجة مقنعة، ويستنتج منها أن طرح تدل على معناها الأصلي، وهو رمى وترك وأبعد، فحين يقول: أَطُرَح لك رُخَاً فان هذا معناه استبعد رخّا وارميه لمنفعتك فلا استعمله. ونجد في النص المنقول: وسئل إبراهيم أتجادل أحياناً ابن الهذيل؟ فأجاب: نعم واطرح له رُخا من عقلي وهذا يعني لكي يكون الجدل متعادلاً فإني لا أستعمل إلا جزء من عقلي فإني كلاعب الشطرنج حين يرمي رُخاً ويبعده لصالح خصمه. ولم يفهم فالتون ولا يجرز معنى هذا الجواب، وكذلك نجد عند القزويني (2: 26) عبارة أرشدني إليها السيد دي غويه وهي: ومنها الصفى كانون الشطرنجي فانه كان يطرح الفرس لمن كان في الطبقة العالية.
طرح (من مصطلح علم الحساب): حذف اكثر مضاعفات العدد (وهذا يكون بواسطة القسمة (المقدمة 1: 210) مع تعليقه المترجم (ص211، ص214).
طرح: أسقط نزَّل، أنقص، حسم (بوشر) وأسقط وحسم (هلو، محيط المحيط).
طرح: أنزل سفينة إلى البحر وعومَّها (مملوك 1، 2: 89) طرح. طرحت المرأة: أجهضت، ألقت الجنين قبل كماله (بوشر، محيط المحيط، يابن سميث 1590) طرحه في الكتاب: أرسله إلى الكّتاب (مدرسة الأطفال) (الاغاني في زيشركند 3: 236 رقم 2) طرح نفسه (روحه) على فلان: تضّرع إليه، توسل به، ناشده الرأفة والرحمة (حيان - بسام 3: 143 و، الخطيب ص67 و، قصة عنتر ص17) طرح: انتج، أثمر، أغل، يقال: طرحت الشجرة وأغلت كثيراً من الثمر والفواكه (بوشر، ألف ليلة 2: 128) طرح: ربح، حصل على دخل، أغلّ أثمر (بوشر).
طرح: أنبت، فرع بتيلة، برعم (بوشر).
طرح على فلان: ألقى عليه لحناً وعلمه إياه (الأغاني 5=13 طبعة بولاق. دي غويه).
طرح على فلان: فرض عليه غلة واجبره على شرائها بثمن غال قدره (مملوك 2، 2، 42، دي ساسي طرائف 2: 56).
طرح: عمل على تحويل المعادن إلى ذهب (معجم البيان).
طرح له: كوّم كدّس (فوك).
طرح عن فلان: لم يعطه ما يستحقه من عمل ففي كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص325): وقال عجباً منهم أن يكون مِثْلُكَ من بَيْت القُضاة يُطَرح عنك.
طَرَّح (بالتشديد) سبَب إجهاضاً أي إسقاط الجنين قبل كماله (بابن سميث 1590).
طارح. طارحه الغناء: علمه لحناً من الغناء (المقري 2: 86) وقد زودني السيد دي غويه أيضا ب (الأغاني 4: 169، 5: أم، 5726، 7:132 الخ طبعة بولاق) ومُطارح التي وردت في بيت ذكره المقري (2: 516) لا يمكن أن تترجم إلا بما معناه مغني.
طارح: ضارع المغني وجاراه. ففي المقري (2: 703) وثناؤنا عليكم يطارح نغمّ حمام الأيك، مطربا وتستعمل غالباً بمعنى باراه ففي رحلة ابن جبير (ص139): والنساء من جهة أخرى يساجلنهم بالبكاء ويطارحنهم بالدعاء. وفي تاريخ البربر (ب: 642): وأقام على ذلك يناغي ابن يملول في سيره ويطارحه الكثير من مذاهبه.
طارح: داعب (المقري 2: 556) وفيه المطُاَرحة مرادف المداعبة (المقدمة 3: 381) وقد ترجمها السيد دي سلان بداعب.
أطرح: أحذف أطرح التي ذكرها فريتاج لان الفعل هو إطَّرَحَ (فليشر على المقري 1: 447، بريشت ص187). تطرّح: ارتمى (قصة عنتر ص 16).
تطارح: تطارحوا شيئاً: تناقلوه فيما بينهم.
ففي تاريخ البربر (ر: 619): تطارحوا بثَّهم وثكلهم فيما بينهم.
تطارحوا: ترامى بعضهم على بعض. ففي لعبدري (ص54 و) وأما قتالهم على باب الكعبة وتطارحهم وتعلق بعضهم ببعض فعجب.
تطارحوا: تساقطوا متتابعين (تاريخ البربر 1: 638، 2:161، 369، 380) تطارح إلى: اتجه إلى، ففي حيان- بسام (1: 46 و) فوفدوا عليه وتطارحت الآمال إليه.
تطارح على (عباد 1: 290 رقم 167، معجم ابن جبير) وفي كتاب الخطيب (ص124 و) فتطارح على من بازائه، أي انقض على.
تطارح في: تساقط (عباد 1:1 معجم ابن جبير) وفي النويري (إفريقية ص22 ق) وتطارح منهم خلق كثير في البحر.
تطارح على فلان توسل اليه، تضرع إليه وتطارح على فلان في: سأله شيئاً أو سأله العفو عنه أو سأله العون (عباد 1: 290 رقم 176) وكذلك في عبارة ابن بسام (2: 105) (تاريخ البربر 1: 398، 606، 609، 2: 407، 437، 451، المقري 2: 722) وكذلك في النصوص التي نقلها ديفريمري، ومذكرات (ص62 رقم 1) وفي كتاب ابن صاحب الصلاة (ص94 ق) في كلامه عن المتمردين: تطارحوا على الموحّدين في قبول التوبة. وفي كتاب الخطيب (ص49 ق): تطارحَّت على السلطان في استنجاز وعد الرحلة (أي ليسمح لي بالحج) وفي تاريخ تونس (ص81): ولمّا رأى الأخوان اختلال حالهما تطارحا على شيخ الذواودة فقدم بهما شفيعا إلى الحضرة.
وفيه (ص 104) تطارح على الأبواب. أي التمس العون من الباب العالي.
انطرح: ارتمى (معجم ابن جبير، ألف ليلة 1: 252، 3: 30، 55، 69).
انطرح: سقط (ألف ليلة 4: 173).
انطرح: اسقِط، رُمي (ألف ليلة برسل 4: 67).
انطرح: أرتد إلى الوراء، تراجع، تقهقر (فوك).
انطرح: اضطجع (قصة عنتر ص45، 72).
طَرْح: غائط براز (فوك، ابن البيطار 1: 48).
طُرْح (في اصطلاح علم الحساب): إخراج، إسقاط عدد من عدد أكثر منه (المقدمة 3: 95).
طَرْح: إجهاض، إسقاط الجنين قبل كماله.
(بوشر، يابن سميث 1590).
طَرْح: اسم نوع من الثياب (مملوك 2، 2: 75) وطروحات التي ذكرها ابن بطوطة (2: 187) في قوله: ثياب مصر وطروحاتها الحسان هي صيغة منتهى الجموع لطرح فيما يبدو لي.
طَرُح: في زيشر (15: 411): نقوش وطروح وقد ترجمها سبرنجر إلى الفرنسية بما معناه: أرابسك أي فن الزخرفة العربي، وهو النقش والتوشية بهيئة النبات والأوراق.
طَرّح: النقاب الذي يسمى عادة طَرْحَة (ألف ليلة برسل 12: 148).
طرح ذكر النبات: لقاح الزهر، طلع الذكر في الزهر، سَداة، عضو التذكير في النبات (بوشر).
طرح: لاحظ السيد رأيت على يابن سميث (1627) بقوله أن الكلمة التي ذكرها باين سميث مقابل aggravatio قد فسرها باربهلول بقوله: عظام (عِظَم؟) أثقال طرح محال بغير معنى: حيث كلمة تطرح تدل فيما يظهر على نفس معنى الكلمة العبرية (ترث) أي حّمل، أوقر، ثقْل على، كدَّ، أزعج، أقلق، ضايق.
طَرُّحَة: منديل العنق (بوشر).
طَرحَة: بساط، سجادة. ففي الجويري (ص27 ق): ثم دخلت إلى دار حسنة فنظرت فيها بسط وطرَح لا تصلح إلا لبعض السعداء فقال اصعد فصعدت على طرَّاحَة حسنة.
طَرحَة: شبكة صيد، نوع من الشباك (بوسييه في تونس).
طرحَة: رزمة من ست جلود من جلد الماعز (بوسييه) وفي غدامس (ص46) وتباع جلود الماعز بطرحة من عشر جلود.
طَرْحَة: إجهاض، إسقاط الجنين قبل كماله
طرحة: طرح وهو إسقاط من وزن السلعة غير الصافي معادل لوزن وعائها أو غلافها. وهي باللغة الفرنسية Tara المأخوذة من كلمة طرحة وكذلك كلمة tara في اللغات الرومانية الأخرى، ومعناها ما يرمي من السلعة (معجم الأسبانية ص313) طرحة: نعل (زيشر 11: 484).
طِرْح: جنين طرحته أمه قبل كماله (محيط المحيط).
طَرْحِيَّة: تصحيف طَلْحِيَّة وجمعها طراحي. الورقة من القرطاس (بوشر في سوريا، همبرت ص112، محيط المحيط).
طرحان (ألف ليلة 1: 200) لا بد أن معناها مصاب بالجدري ففي طبعة بولاق (مُصاب بالجدري).
طَريح وجمعها طُرَحاء. وطَرْحَى: جثة متروكة لم يفكر أحد بدفنها (مملوك 1، 2: 151).
طريح الفراش: مُثْبت، ملازم للفراش من مرض (بوشر).
طَرِيحَة: وجمعها طرائح عمل يجب إتمامه في مدة محدودة (الكالا).
وانظر معجم الأسبانية (ص348) عمل خياطة تكلف به المعلمة التلميذة (بوسييه جزائرية).
طَرِيَحة ضرب شديد متواتر بجمع الكفّ أو بعصا (شَيرب، المقدمة 3: 371، مع تعليقتي في الجريدة الآسيوية 1869، 2: 181).
أكل طريحة: ضرُب، تلقى ضربات (دوماس حياة العرب ص480) وأنظرها في مادة أكل.
طَرَّاح: شبكة صيد، نوع من الشباك (معجم الأسبانية ص213، بوسييه).
طرّاحة وجمعها طراريح: حشية، مرتبة رقيقة صغيرة توضع على الأريكة (برجون) وفي محيط المحيط: فراش مربع يجلس عليه (عامية) وطَراحة: فراش، حشيّة، مرتبة (همبرت ص203، لين عادات 1: 227) وانظر مثالاً لها في عبارة الجويري التي نقلتها في مادة طرحة. وتجد أمثلة أخرى في مملوك (1، 1: 147) حيث أساء كاترمير تفسير هذه الكلمة (ابن خلكان 11: 131)، الجريدة الآسيوية 186، 2: 354) حشى وضرب كالطراحة: حشا، بطَّن (بوشر).
طراحة: حصير، باري. من تبن أو قصب (بوشر).
طْراحة تبن: فراش تبن، كمية من التبن حشيت في مسح من الخيش لتفرش على السرير (بوشر).
طرّاحة تحت السرج: لبّادة السرج (بوشر) طرّاحة: جلّ، جِلال الفرس (بوشر، بركهارت البدو ص128).
طرّاحة: نوع من النقاب الذي يسمى عادة طَرْحة (ديفريمري مذكرات ص156) وهو ينقل هذا النص من البنداري: (كان الخليفة المقتدي بأمر الله يرتدي عند توليه الخلافة عمامة جميلة بيضاء، تعلوها طَرّاحة (هكذا كتبت الكلمة في المخطوطة) من قصب مزركشة باللآلئ).
طرَّاحة: شبكة صيد، نوع من شباك الصيد (معجم الأسبانية ص213، فوك).
تَطْريح: بعد أن ذكر صاحب محيط المحيط معنى طارح التي ذكرها لين أيضاً أضاف: ومنه التطريح عند بعض النصارى. واستنتج أن معنى هذه الكلمة مرّد (كلام من الفرض الكنسي).
مَطْرَح. لفلان في داره مَطْرَحٌ: وذلك إذا وصفها بالسعة (الكامل ص421).
وانظر البيت الذي فسر بهذا.
مَطُرَح: محل، مكان، موضع (بوشر، برجون تاريخ البربر 1: 71، 367، 598، 2: 199 الف ليلة 3: 423 وفي طبعة برسل: موضع، برسل 4: 72، 108، 222، زيشر 11: 676 رقم 5). مطرح خونة: كمين، فخ (بوشر).
مطرح الأنوار: الموضع الذي تسقط فيه الأنوار.
ففي مطمح الأنفس (ص67 ق) في كلامه عن قرميد الذهب والفضة: تسلب الأبصار بمطارح أنوارها المشعشعة. وانظر مطاريح الشعاعات (المقدمة 3: 153).
مطرح الهِمّة (المقري 1: 251) يمكن أن تترجم بما معناه: غاية أو هدف طموحه.
مطرح: موقف، محطة، موضع الاستراحة.
(بركهارت نوبية ص387 - 388).
مطرح: فندق كبير، خان كبير (نيبور، رحلة ص359، 378).
مطرح: مسافة، بعد، مدى (المقدمة 3: 309).
مطرح: بساط، طنفسة، وذلك لأن فوك قد ترجم ( marfega) matalafium بمطرح.
وفيه كلمة مطرح في مادة matalaf ومعها Tapetum في تعليقه له. ومن الممكن أن يكون لكلمة مطرح معنى بساط وطنفسة في بعض العبارات التي ترجمت فيها بكلمات حسية ومرتبة وفراش، غير أنها تدل على هذا المعاني غالباً.
انظر معجم الأسبانية (ص151) وأضف إليه ما ذكره عــماد الدين الأصفهاني (مخطوطة 12 ص211).
وهو: (ووضعت المطارح والمساند، والأّسرة والوسائد .. ) وعند لين: مِطْرَح (انظر معجم الأسبانية) ومُطْرَح ونجد هذه عند همبرت (ص301) ووردت هذه الكلمة اسماً للمفعول وهي أولى من أن تكون اسم مكان. غير أن كلمة أطرح غير مستعملة، ولذلك فان كلمة تطرح التي ذكرها فوك أيضاً هي صحيحة.
مَطْرَح: سرير النوم، الحشايا والأغطية (بوشر بربرية).
مَطْرَح، مضجع، موضع النوم (بوشر بربرية).
مُطَرَّح: مَرِح، جَذِل، بشوش، فِرح، مسرور. (دومب ص105).
مطروح: خلَّي الشي مطروحاً: ترك الشيء مبعثراً (بوشر).
مطارح الأحوال: الأشياء على ما هي عليه (المقري 2: 538) مطروح: ممدود (ألكالا).
مطروح: طِرْح جنين يسقط قبل كماله.
(همبرت ص26، هلو) مُطَارَحات: ما يتبادله الأدباء ويتراسلونه من رسائل وأشعار (المقري 1 ص3).
مَطارحيّ: منّجد، صانع الحشايا أو الفرش.
(بارجيس ص423).
مَطاريح (جمع): تَطْرَحُ أيْديَها (ديوان الهذليين ص202 البيت 43)

قصب: قصب (بالتشديد): جهز وعبا بالقصب. (شيرب ديال ص71).
قصب: بنى سقفا من قصب. (شيرب ديال ص72 ن).
قصب: العامة تقول قصب البناء الحجر أي نحته وسواه (محيط المحيط).
قصب: زبر الكرم وقلمه (انظر مادة زبر).
قصب وقصبة، والجمع قصاب: بوص. (المقري 1: 354) (انظر إضافات) وقصاب جمع قصبة في معجم فوك.
قصب: نبات اسمه العلمي arundo donax. ( الجريدة الآسيوية 1848، 1: 275) ويسمى أيضا: القصب الفارسي أو قصب الفارس (المستعيني، أماري ص8، ألف ليلة 1: 363، كوسج طرائف ص96) وقد وجد أماري هذه الكلمة في عقد صقلي فقال في المخطوطات: (في هذا الموضع المعين في هذا العقد ينبت القصب المسمى: arundo donax كما ينبت في كل موضع في صقلية.
ومن أسمائه: القصب الأندلسي، ففي ابن ليون (ص46 ق): وقال ابن وافد القصب الفارسي هو القصب الأندلسي.
قصب البنيان: سمي بذلك لأن هذا النوع من القصب يستعمل في البنايات. (ابن العوام 1: 18، 396 وما يليها (وكذلك في مخطوطتنا) (ابن العوام 1: 19 خاصة.
قصب الساج: ولعل الصواب قصب السياج (انظر سياج) وسياج بمعنى خندق.
وفي المستعيني: قصب الساج هو قصب الفارس وهو الأندلسي ويقال له باسطوس وهو المصمت وهو الذي يعمل منه النشاب، ومنه ما يقال له بلش وهو الأنثى وهو كثير العقد يصلح أن يكتب به (بدل باسطوس اقراناسطوس فهي الكلمة اليونانية nasthus وفي ديسقوريدوس (1: 114): منه ما يقال له ناسطوس وهو المصمت وهو الذي يعمل منه النشاب.
أما Arundo femina وهو صنف من أصناف Arun- dodonax فقد ذكره هذا المؤلف أيضا وسماه بلش، ولعل باش هذه هي الكلمة اليونانية بلوس التي تعني أيضا نوعا من القصب.
قصب؛ قصب السكر. (دي ساسي طرائف 1: 276، 2: 8) ويقال له أيضا قصب حلو، (معجم الإدريسي، المستعيني، فوك، بوشر). وقصب السكر (المستعيني، محيط المحيط، بوشر) وقصب سكري (معجم الإدريسي) وقصب مص (همبرت 56 (سوريا)، بوشر) وقصب المص وسمي بذلك لأنه يمص (محيط المحيط). وأخيرا عود قصب (بوشر).
وفي ابن البيطار (2: 304) يوجد ثلاثة أنواع من قصب السكر فمنه أبيض ومنه أصفر ومنه أسود، والأسود لا يعصر وإنما يعصر الأبيض والأصفر وتسمى عصارته عسل القصب. وفي ألف ليلة (4: 679): عسل قصب قصب: نوع من الذرة في بلاد البربر. (دنهام 1، 173، ليون ص73، ص275، بارت 1: 156، 176، مجلة الشرق والجزائر 16: 108، مجلة الشرق والجزائر السلسلة الجديدة 10: 549، كاريت جغرافية ص150، ريشاردسن سنترال 1: 83، 102، 109) وعند ريشاردسن صحارى (1: 80، 334): (نوع من الذرة اسمها العلمي: Pennisetum typhoideum وتسمى درا في تونس بشنه في طرابلس). وفي غدامس (ص185): ذرة بيضاء طويلة، وفي (ص332): (ذرة تجلب من السودان ذات سنبلة (عرنوص) طويلة وحب ابيض ويوجد صنف آخر منها حبه أصفر).
وعند بانكري (2: 30): (حب القصب، وقلما يعرف في الأقطار الاوربية، هو أكثر الدقيق استعمالا في تغذية أهل طرابلس وهو الغذاء الرئيس لجمهور الناس وتحوى هذا الحب سنبلة طولها نحو ثلاثة أقدام واستدارتها مثل ذلك، وهذه تنبت على رأس قصبة قلما يتجاوز ارتفاعها ثلاثة أقدام، والحب في حجم الرصاصة (الطلقة النارية) الكبيرة تقريبا لونه رصاصي باهت. وكثير عندهم جدا).
وعند التيجاني (الجريدة الرئيسة الدرا وهي صنف من الذرة البيضاء ويسمونها القصب).
قصبة الحية: في المغرب قنطوريون صغير (م. المنصوري مادة قنطوريون وقد تحرفت الكلمة فصارت Gacat- el- hai وفسرت بأنها نبات اسمه- chironia Pulchella، أي قنطريون صغير. (براكس مجلة الشرق والجزائر 8: 346).
القصب الذعبي: هو في الأندلس نبات اسمه العلمي: Lysimachia Vulgaris ( ابن البيطار 2: 445).
القصب القبطي: ذكره ابن العوام (2: 443).
قصبة الحنطة: ساق السنبلة، قشة مجوفة. (بوشر).
قصبة، والجمع قصب: بوصة يربط بها خيط الصنارة وهي الشص لصيد السمك. (رولاند ديال ص591، ص592).
قصبة، والجمع قصب: رمح، وذلك لأنه يتخذ من الأسل. (معجم البيان).
لعب القصب: العاب فروسية، لعب السباق على ظهور الخيل. (الكالا).
قصبة: غليون هندي، غليون طويل الأنبوب يستعمله الهنود الحمر في أمريكا، بيبة، غليون للتدخين. (بوشر).
قصبة وقصب: اسم آلة موسيقية، ناي، شبابة. (دوماس عادات ص285، شوا: 296، بانانتي 2: 88، 89) أو مزمار وشبابة من قصب ذات ثقبين أو ثلاثة (كاربرون ص252، ص495) وطرف المزمار أو الشبابة مزود بقريص من نحاس ينطبق على الشفتين، (جاكو ص216) وانظر (سلفادور ص12، 36).
قصبة: مقياس للمساحة، وهو ستة أذرع وثلثي الذراع (بوشر) وفي محيط المحيط: القصبة في المساحة أربعون ذراعا وسدس ذراع مربعة. (انظر لين عادات 2: 417).
العد بالقصب: عد اللبن والآجر جملة وقياسه بالقامة وهي مقياس يساوي ستة أقدام.
ففي طرائف دي ساسي (1: 60): وكان أبو حنيفة صاحب المذهب يعد اللبن والآجر وهو الذي اخترع عده بالقصب اختصار.
قصبة، والجمع قصب: أنبوب، أنبوبة، أنبوب أعقف. (بوشر، تاج العروس).
قصبة: علبة أسطوانية تحفظ فيها التعاويذ والتمائم، حجاب. (كوسج طرائف ص73).
قصبة: ميزاب، مرزاب. (بوشر).
قصية الذراع: عظم الذراع وهو أجوف كالأنبوبة. (الكالا).
القصبة الصغر: عظم الساق الخارجي (بوشر).
القصبة الكبرى: ظنبوب، عظم الساق الأكبر، عظم الساق الداخلي. (بوشر) وفي معجم الكالا: قصبة الساق، والجمع قصائب.
قصبة: ساقية الدرع، درع الساق. (الكالا).
قصبة الرجل: عنق القدم، رسغ. (دومب ص85).
قصبة: أنبوب التنفس (بوشر) وعند همبرت (ص3): قصبة الحلق.
قصبة الرية: رغامي، مجرى الهواء إلى الرئة (بوشر همبرت ص3).
قصبة المريء: مجرى الطعام من الحلق إلى المعدة. (محيط المحيط).
قصبة: ربو، نسمة، ضيق النفس. (بوشر). قصب: سلك من الذهب يحيط بخيط حرير أو كتان. (بوشر، محيط المحيط).
قصب فضة وقصب ابيض: سلك من الفضة يحيط بخيط حرير أو كتاب (بوشر).
قصب أصفر: سلك من الذهب يحيط بخيط حرير أو كتان (بوشر).
قصب ذهب: سلك من الذهب أو الفضة يحيط بخيط حرير أو كتان. (صفة مصر 18، قسم 2، ص 386).
قصب ذهب سلك ذهب (برجون، كوسج طرائف ص80، ألف ليلة 1: 56، 2: 222).
قصبة، والجمع قصبات: خرزات مستطيلة أسطوانية الشكل للقلادة، كما رأى لين أن يترجم بهذا عبارة ألف ليلة (1: 576): وفي رقبته طوق من الذهب الأحمر وثلث قصبات من الزبرجد وهذا المعنى جاء في محيط المحيط ففيه: والقصب ما كان مستطيلا من الجوهر. ويقول السيد دي غويه يجب ان نضيف إلى هذا إنها مجوفة. ففي الفائق (2: 347): قال صاحب العين القصب من الجوهر ما استطال منه في تجويف وفيه أيضا أن النبي (صلى الله عليه وسلم) فسره ببيت من لؤلؤ مجباة أي المجوفة. وكذلك ما نقله صاحب تاج العروس عن ابن الأثير.
وعند بعضهم: القصب انابيب من جوهر. وقصب أيضا: شرابه بشكل أنبوب، يقال مثلا: شاش بقصبات زركش (الملابس ص332).
قصب: سوار (فوك) وفيه: قصب فضة.
قصب فول، وقصب ذهب. وفي معجم الكالا: سوار ذهب: قصبة والجمع قصب. وفيه أيضا قصوب (قصاب) والجمع اقصاب.
قصب، عند الفرس: نسيج من الحرير، وفي مصر: نسيج موشى ومرصع بأسلاك من الذهب أو الفضة. (مملوك 2، 2: 75).
قصب الذهب: بروكار، نسيج مقصب بخيوط الحرير والذهب، ديباج، سندس. (برجرن).
قصبة العمود: ساق العمود، جذع العمود. (مثل Ca بالأسبانية). (الإدريسي روما).
قصب: كهربا، كهرمان أصفر، كهرب اصفر. (المستعيني مادة كهربا) وبخاصة في مخطوطتي ن، لا. ولم تضبط فيهما الكلمة بالشكل.
قصب عراق: ذكر مع ما يؤكل بعد الطعام في ألف ليلة (برسل 1: 149) ويرى السيد دي غويه إنه قصب السكر لأن في مخطوطة المتحف البريطاني لأبي القاسم بين أسماء ما يأكله أغنياء بغداد بعد الطعام قصب السكر المقطع المغسول بماء الورد.
قصبة: عاصمة الإقليم وحاضرته. (أماري ص24 ص12، ص144) وقد فسرت بكرسي الكورة. (ابن خلكان 1: 602).
قصبي. الشبوب المريش والقصبى: الشب بشكل الريش وبشكل الأنابيب. (البكري ص15).
قصبية: في ألف ليلة (برسل 1: 149): إلى أن جاءت إلى الحلواني فاشترت منه قصبية طبق من جميع ما عنده. وأرى أن كلمة طبق تفسير وشرح لكلمة قصبية. (وفي ماكن (1: 56) طبقا فقط) وإن قصبية هذه معناها سلة أو قفة من الاسل.
قصبجي: ساحب خيوط الذهب، وهو الذي يطرق الذهب والفضة ويحصل منهما أسلاكا. (بوشر) وفي مملوط (2، 2: 75): (العمال الذين يعملون أسلاك الذهب والفضة وهم القصبجية من الأقباط وهم يزركشون بهذه الأسلاك الحرير الأصفر والأبيض بعد أن يكونوا قد قطعوا هذه الأسلاك قطعا صغيرة).
قصابة: أنبوب معقوف. (بوشر).
قصابة: حين يفسر الجوهري هذه الكلمة بصناعة القصاب، فيجب فيما أرى أن لا تؤخذ كلمة قصاب بمعنى الزمار وهو النافخ بالمزمار، بل بمعنى الجزار ولذلك يجب أن لا تترجم بما معناه صناعة المزمار كما ترجمها فريتاج، بل بما معناه مهنة الجزار، وبهذا المعنى وجدت قصابة عند المقري (2: 525، باين سميث 1424).
غير أن صاحب تاج العروس يرى أن تفسير القصاب بالمزمار وهو النافخ في القصب صحيح فهو يقول: والقصاب الزمار وهو النافخ في القصب والقصاب الجزار وحرفة الأخير القصابة، وكلام الجوهري يقتضي أن هذا التصريف في الزمر أيضا.
وأري أن صاحب التاج إنما يستنتج ذلك استنتاجا ولا يذكر له مثالا.
قصيبة: شوفان، خرطال، هرطمان. (باجني مخطوطات).
قصاب: حامل قصبة المساحة (مساح). (صفة مصر 11).
مقصب: قصباء موضع مزروع بالقصب (بوشر).
مقصب (وصف)، يقال: نسيج مقصب أي مزركش بأسلاك الذهب. (مملوك 2، 2: 76).
مقصب (اسم): ضفيرة ذهبية. شريطة مزركشة بأسلاك الذهب. (بوشر، مملوك 1: 1، معجم الأسبانية (ص168).
مقصبة، والجمع مقاصب: موضع القصب ومنبته وموضع كثير القصب. (محيط المحيط، فوك، الكالا).
مقصبة: زراعة قصب السكر. ففي ابن العوام (1: 392): ويبيت فيها الغنم حتى يصير زبلها أرض المقصبة (وهذا ما جاء في مخطوطتنا).

قصب

1 قَصَبَهُ, aor. ـِ (M, K,) inf. n. قَصْبٌ, (S, M, O,) He cut it, (S, * M, O, * K,) namely, a thing; (M;) as also ↓ اقتصبهُ. (M, K.) And قَصَبَ الشَّاةَ, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (M, Msb,) and so the inf. n., (S, M, O, Msb,) said of the butcher, (O,) He cut up the sheep, or goat, into joints, or separate limbs: (S, O, Msb:) or he separated the [bones called] قَصَب of the sheep, or goat. (M, K.) b2: فُلَانٌ لَمْ يُقْصَبٌ meaning (tropical:) Such a one has not been circumcised, is from القَصْبُ signifying “ the act of cutting. ” (A.) b3: And قَصَبَهُ, (S, M, A, O, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. قَصْبً; (M;) and ↓ قصّبهُ, (M, K,) inf. n. تَقْصِبٌ, (K,) (tropical:) He attributed, or imputed, to him, or accused him of, a vice, or fault, or the like; (S, M, A, O, K;) and reviled, or vilified, him; (M, A, K;) meaning he cut him with censure. (A.) A2: And قَصَبَهُ, (S, M, O, K,) namely, a camel, and [any] other [animal], (S, O,) or a man, (M, K,) and a beast, (M,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) He stopped, or cut short, (S, O,) or prevented, (M, K,) his drinking, before he had satisfied his thirst. (S, M, O, K.) b2: And قَصَبَ شُرْبَهُ He (a camel) abstained from his drinking before he had satisfied his thirst: (ISk, S, O:) or قَصَبَ [alone], said of a camel, (As, M, K, TA,) aor. as above, inf. n. قَصْبٌ and قُصُوبٌ, (M, K,) he refused to drink: (As, TA:) or he abstained from drinking the water, raising his head from it, (M, K, TA,) before he had satisfied his thirst: (TA:) or, as some say, قُصُوبٌ signifies the satisfying of thirst by coming to the water &c. (M, TA.) b3: And قَصَبَ المَآءَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. قَصْبٌ, He (a camel) sucked up, or sucked in, the water. (M, TA.) A3: It seems to be applied in the S that قَصَبَ, aor. as above, also signifies He played upon a musical reed, or pipe. (MF.) 2 قَصَّبَ see the preceding paragraph.

A2: قصّب الزَّرْعُ, (S, M, O,) inf. n. تَقْصِيبٌ; (S;) and ↓ اقصب; (M;) The زرع [i. e. seed-produce, or wheat or the like,] produced its قَصَب [or jointed stalks, or culms:] (M:) this is the case after the تَفْرِيخ. (S, O. [See 2 in art. فرخ.]) [Hence the saying,] إِنِّى أَرَى الشَّرَّ قَصَّبَ (assumed tropical:) [Verily I see evil, or the evil, to have grown, like corn producing its culms]. (TA voce نَبَّبَ.) b2: And قصّب الشَّعَرَ, (M, K,) inf. n. تَقْصِيبٌ, (O, K,) (assumed tropical:) He twisted the locks of the hair [in a spiral form so that they became like hollow canes]: (M, K:) or قَصَّبَتْ شَعَرَهَا (tropical:) she (a woman) twisted the locks of her hair so that they became like قَصَب [i. e. hollow canes]: (A:) and (K) (assumed tropical:) he curled the hair; syn. جَعَّدَهُ. (O, K.) b3: And قصّبهُ, (ISh, TA,) inf. n. as above, (O, K,) He bound his hands to his neck, (ISh, O, K, TA,) namely, a man's: (ISh, TA:) [and app., in like manner, his fore-legs, namely, a sheep's or a goat's: sea قَصَّابٌ, last sentence.]4 اقصبهُ عِرْضَهُ (assumed tropical:) He empowered him to revile, or vilify, him. (M.) [Agreeably with an explanation of قَصَبَهُ in the A, mentioned above, it may rather be rendered (tropical:) He caused him to cut, with censure, or to wound, his honour, or reputation.]

A2: اقصب said of a pastor, (ISk, S, M, O, K,) [He performed his service ill, so that] his camels disliked, and refused to drink, the water; (ISk, M, K;) or, [so that] his camels abstained from drinking before they had satisfied their thirst. (S, O.) رَعَى فَأَقْصَبَ [He pastured, and performed his service ill, &c.,] is a prov., (S, M, O, K,) applied to a [bad] pastor; because, if he pasture the camels ill, they will not drink; (S, O, K;) for they drink only when they are satiated with the herbage: (S, O:) or, as Meyd says, it is applied to him who will not act sincerely, or honestly, and with energy, or vigour, in an affair which he has undertaken, so that he mars, or vitiates, it. (TA.) A3: اقصب said of a place, It produced reeds, or canes. (M, K.) b2: See also 2.8 إِقْتَصَبَ see 1, first sentence.

قُصْبٌ A gut; syn. مِعًى: (S, M, Mgh, O, K:) or all the أَمْعَآء [or guts]: or the guts [امعآء] that are in the lower part of the belly: TA:) pl. أَقْصَابٌ. (S. M, Mgh, O, K.) One says, هُوَ يَجُرُّ قُصْبَهُ [expl. by what here follows]. (S, O.) The Prophet said, respecting 'Amr Ibn-'Ámir El-Khurá'ee, who first set at liberty سَوَائِب [pl. of سَائِبَةٌ, q. v.], (O,) or respecting 'Amr Ibn-Kamee-ah, who first changed the religion of Ishmael, (TA,) رَأَيْتُهُ يَجُرُّ قُصْبَهُ فِى النُّارِ [I saw him dragging his guts in the fire of Hell]. (O, TA.) b2: El-Aashà in his saying وَشَاهِدُنَا الجُلَّ وَاليَاسَمِى

نُ وَالمُسْمِعَاتُ بِأَقْصَابِهَا means [The rose being present with us, and the jasmine, and the songstresses] with their chords of gut: or, as some relate it, (and as it is cited in the M,) he said ↓ بِقُصَّابِهَا, meaning with their musical reeds, or pipes. (S, O.) b3: And (tropical:) The middle of the body; metaphorically applied thereto: so in the saying of Imra-el-Keys, (S, O, L,) or, accord. to the people of El-Koofeh and ElBasrah, it is falsely ascribed to him, (O,) والقُصْبُ مُضْطَمِرٌ وَالمَتْنُ مَلْحُوبُ [And the middle of the body slender and lean, and the portion next the back-bone, on either side, smooth, and sloping downwards]. (S, O, L.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) The back. (O, K. [SM, not having found this in any lexicon but the K, supposed that الظَّهْرُ might be substituted in it for الخَصْرُ, which is not therein mentioned as a meaning of القُصْبُ.]) قَصَبٌ [a coll. gen. n., signifying Reeds, or canes; and the like, as the culms of corn, &c.; and sometimes signifying a reed, or cane, and the like, as meaning a species thereof;] any plant having (M, A, Mgh, Msb, K) its stem composed of (Mgh, Msb) أَنَابِيب [or internodial portions] (M, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and [their] كُعُوب [or connecting knots, or joints]; (Mgh, Msb;) [i. e. any kind, or species, of plant having a jointed stem;] i. q. أَبَآءٌ [a word comparatively little known]; (S; [in the O اَناء, a mistranscription;]) and [it is said that] ↓ قَصْبَآءُ signifies the same: (S, O: [but see what follows:]) the n. un. of the former is ↓ قَصَبَةٌ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ قَصْبَاةٌ or ↓ قَصَبَاةٌ: (K accord. to different copies; the former accord. to the TA: [but each of these I believe to be a mistake for ↓ قَصُبْآءَةٌ, which is said to be a n. un. of قَصْبَآءُ, and therefore held by some to be syn. with قَصَبَةٌ:]) ↓ قَصْبَآءُ [appears, however, to differ somewhat from قَصَب, for it is said that it] signifies an assemblage of قَصَب; (M, K;) and its n. un. is ↓ قَصَبَةٌ and ↓ قَصْبَآءَةٌ [like حَلَفَةٌ and حَلْفَآءَةٌ which are both said to be ns. un. of حَلْفَآءٌ; and طَرَفَةٌ and طَرْفَآءَةٌ, said to be ns. un. of طَرْفَآءٌ; the former in each case anomalous]: (M: [see also Ham p. 201:]) or, accord. to Sb, ↓ قَصْبَآءُ is sing. and pl., (S, M, Mgh, O,) and so طَرْفَآءُ, (S, M, O,) and حَلْفَآءُ; (S, O;) as pl. and as sing. also having the sign of the fem. gender; therefore, when they mean to express the sing. signification, they add the epithet وَاحِدَةٌ; thus, and thus only, distinguishing the sing. meaning from the pl., and making a difference between a word of this class and a noun that denotes a pl. meaning and has not the sign of the fem. gender such as تَمْرٌ and بُسْرٌ, and such as أَرْطًى and عَلْقًى of which the ns. un. are أَرْطَاةٌ and عَلْقَاةٌ: (M:) or, as some say, ↓ قَصْبَآءُ signifies many قَصَب growing in a place: (Mgh:) and it signifies also a place in which قَصَب grow: (M, K:) [or] ↓ مَقْصَبَةٌ has this last meaning; (Mgh, Msb;) or signifies, like ↓ أَرْضٌ قَصِبَةٌ, a land having قَصَب. (M, K. *) b2: أَحْرَزَ قَصَبَ السَّبْقِ, (Msb,) or السَّبْقِ ↓ قَصَبَةَ, (TA,) [meaning (assumed tropical:) He won, or acquired, the canes, or cane, of victory in racing,] is said of the winner in horseracing: they used to set up, in the horse-course, a cane (قَصَبَة,) and he who outstripped plucked it up and took it, in order that he might be known to be the one who outstripped, without contention: this was the origin of the phrase: then, in consequence of frequency of usage, it was applied also to the expeditious, quick, and light, or active: (Msb, * TA:) [accord. to the TA, it is a tropical phrase, but perhaps it is so only when used in the latter way:] it is said in a trad. of Sa'eed Ibn-El-Ás, that he measured the horse-course with the cane, making it to be a hundred canes in length, and the cane was stuck upright in the ground at the goal, and he who was first in arriving at it took it, and was entitled to the stake. (O, TA. [See also مُقَصِّبٌ.]) b3: [The ↓ قَصَبَة here mentioned as A certain measure of length, used in measuring race-courses, was also used in other cases, in measuring land, and differed in different countries and in different times: accord. to some, it was ten cubits; thus nearly agreeing with our “ rod: ” (see جَرِيبٌ:) accord. to others, six cubits and a third of a cubit: (see فَدَّانٌ:) the modern Egyptian قَصَبَة, until it was reduced some years ago, was about twelve English feet and a half; its twentyfourth part, called قَبْضَةٌ, being the measure of a man's fist with the thumb erect, or about six inches and a quarter.] b4: القَصَبُ الفَارِسِىُّ [The Persian reed] is a kind whereof writing-reeds are made: (Mgh, Msb:) and another kind thereof is hard and thick; and of this kind are made musical reeds, or pipes; and with it houses, or chambers, are roofed. (Msb) One says, قَصَبُ الخطِّ أَنْفَذُ مِنْ قَصَبِ الخَطِّ [meaning Writingreeds are more penetrating, or effective, than the canes of El-Khatt (which are spears); i. e., words wound more than spears]. (A, TA.) b5: قَصَبُ السُّكَّرِ is well-known [as meaning The sugar-cane]: (Msb:) this is of three kinds; white and yellow and black: of the first and second, but not of the third, the juice [of which sugar is made] is expressed; and this expressed juice is called عَسَلُ القَصَبِ. (Mgh.) b6: قَصَبُ الذَّرِيرَةِ [is Calamus aromaticus; also called قَصَبُ الطِّيبِ]: a species thereof has the joints near together, and breaks into many fragments, or splinters, and the internodial portions thereof are filled with a substance like spiders' webs: when chewed, it has an acrid taste, and it is aromatic (Mgh, Msb) when brayed, or powdered; (Mgh;) and inclines to yellowness and whiteness. (Mgh, Msb. [See also ذَرِيرَةٌ, in art. ذر.]) b7: قَصَبٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) Any round and hollow bone [or rather bones]; (S, O;) it is pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.] of which ↓ قَصَبَةٌ is the sing. [or n. un,], this latter signifying any bone containing marrow; (M, K;) thus called by way of comparison [to the reed, or cane]. (M.) b8: And (tropical:) The bones of the يَدَانِ and رِجْلَانِ [i. e. arms and legs, or hands and feet, but here app. meaning the latter], (A, Msb,) and the like: (Msb:) [or] (assumed tropical:) the [phalanges, or] bones of the fingers and toes; (M, K, * TA;) (tropical:) the bones whereof there are three in each finger and two in the thumb [and the like in the feet]; (A, TA;) and Zj says, the bones of the أَصَابِع [or fingers and toes] which are also called سُلَامَى: (Msb in art. سلم:) or, as some say, the portions between every two joints of the أَصَابِع: (M, TA:) and الأَصَابِعِ ↓ قَصَبَةُ [or قَصَبُةُ الإِصْبَعِ] signifies the أَنْمَلَة [here perhaps meaning the ungual phalanx] of the finger or toe. (Msb, TA.) b9: And (assumed tropical:) The bones and veins of a wing. (MF.) b10: [And (assumed tropical:) Quills: thus in the phrase صَارَ الرِّيشُ قَصَبًا, in the K, voce أَنُوقٌ, meaning The feathers became quills: n. un. ↓ قَصَبَةٌ: see صَنَمَةٌ.] b11: And (tropical:) [The bronchi;] the branches of the windpipe; (M, K;) and outlets of the breath; (K;) [i. e.] القَصَبُ, (S, M, O,) or فَصَبُ الرِّئَةِ, (A, Msb,) signifies the ducts (عُرُوق) of the lungs; (S, A, O, Msb;) through which the breath passes forth. (S, M, A, O, Msb.) [See حَلْقٌ.] b12: And (assumed tropical:) Any things made of silver, and of other material, resembling [in form] the kind of round and hollow bone [or bones] thus called: n. un. ↓ قَصَبَةٌ. (S, O.) And (assumed tropical:) Jewels (S, M, K) having the form of tubes (أَنَابِيب), (S,) or oblong, (M, K,) and hollow. (M.) b13: And (assumed tropical:) Brilliant pearls, and brilliant chrysolites, interset with jacinths. (IAar, O, K.) So in the saying, in a trad., (O, K,) related as uttered by Gabriel, (O,) [cited in the S app. as an ex. of the meaning next preceding this last,] بَشِّرْ خَدِيجَةَ بِبَيْتِ فِى الجَنَّةِ مِنْ قَصَبٍ (IAar, O, K) i. e. [Rejoice thou Khadeejeh by the announcement of] a pavilion [in Paradise] of brilliant pearls, &c.: (IAar, O:) or the meaning is, of hollow pearls [or pearl], spacious, like the lofty palace: (IAth, TA:) or of emerald: (TA voce بَيْتٌ:) and it is said by some to convey an allusion to Khadeejeh's acquiring what is termed قَصَبُ السَّبْقِ [expl. above], because she was the first person, or the first of women, who embraced El-Islám. (MF, TA.) b14: And (tropical:) Fine, thin, or delicate, (S, O,) or soft, (M, Msb, K,) garments, or cloths, of linen: (S, M, O, Msb, K:) a single one thereof is called ↓ قَصَبِىٌّ. (M, O, Msb, K.) One says, مَعَ فُلَانٍ قَصَبُ صَنْعَآءَ وَقَصَبُ مِصْرَ (tropical:) [In the possession of such a one are]

قَصَب [meaning the cylindrical, or oblong, hollow pieces] of carnelian [of San'à], and قَصَب [meaning the fine, or soft, garments, or cloths,] of linen [of Egypt]. (A.) b15: Also (tropical:) The channels by which water flows from the springs, or sources: (S, M, A, O, K:) or the channels by which the water of a well flows from the springs, or sources: (As, T, TA:) n. un. ↓ قَصَبَةٌ. (M.) And قَصَبُ البَطْحَآءِ (assumed tropical:) The waters [of the kind of water-course called بطحآء (q. v.)] that run to the springs, or sources, of the wells. (As, S, O.) Aboo-Dhueyb says, أَقَامَتْ بِهِ فَابْتَنَتْ خَيْمَةً

عَلَى قَصَبٍ وَفُرَاتٍ نَهَرْ (As, S, M, O,) meaning She remained [in it, and constructed for herself a booth, or a tent,] amid wells and sweet water that flowed copiously. (As, S, O.) b16: See also قَصَبَةٌ below, in the next paragraph.

A2: القَصَبُ is also a name for The ewe. (O.) b2: And قَصَبْ قَصَبْ is A call to the ewe (O, K) to be milked. (O.) قَصَبَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in nine places. b2: [It also, app., signifies The caneroll of a loom: see نِيرٌ. b3: And, app., (assumed tropical:) The mouth, which has the form of a short cylinder, in the middle of the upper part, of the kind of leathern water-bag called مَزَادَة: see خُرْتَةٌ.] b4: (tropical:) The bone of the nose; قَصَبَةُ الأَنْفِ signifying the nasal bone. (S, A.) b5: [And (assumed tropical:) The shaft of a well.] You say بِئْرٌ مُسْتَقِيمَةُ القَصَبَةِ (assumed tropical:) [A well of which the shaft is straight]. (TA.) b6: and (tropical:) A well recently dug. (M, K, TA.) b7: and (tropical:) The interior part of a country or town; (A;) and of a قَصْر [i. e. pavilion, or palace]; (M, A, K;) and of a fortress; (A:) or of a fortress containing a building or buildings; or the middle of such a fortress, (TA,) and of a town or village: (S, L, Msb, TA: [Golius, reading قِرْيَة قَرْيَة, assigns to it also the signification of the “ middle of a water-skin: ”]) or a قَصْر [i. e. pavilion, or palace,] itself; (M, K;) and [a fortress itself, or] a fortified castle such as is occupied by a commander and his forces: (TA in art. خوج:) and a town or village [itself]: (M, K:) and the حَرِيم [as meaning interior, or middle,] of a house. (T and TA in art. حرم.) Also A city: (K:) or the [chief] city (S, M, Msb) of the Sawád, (S,) or, [by a general application,] of a country: (M, Msb:) or the chief, or main, part (M, K) of a city (M) or of cities. (K: but in the TA this last meaning is given as the explanation of الأَمْصَارِ ↓ قَصَبُ.) b8: See also قَصِيبَةٌ, in two places: b9: and see قِصَابٌ.

أَرْضٌ قَصِبَةٌ: see قَصَبٌ, first quarter.

قَصْبَآءُ: see قَصَبٌ, first quarter, in four places.

قَصْبَاةٌ or قَصَبَاةٌ: see قَصَبٌ, first sentence.

قَصْبَآءَةٌ: see قَصَبٌ, first sentence, in two places.

قَصَبِىٌّ: see قَصَبٌ, last quarter.

قِصَابٌ, (so in the K, there said to be like كِتَابٌ,) or ↓ قِصَابَةٌ, (so in the M and L,) A dam that is constructed in the place that has been eaten away by water, [for لَجْف in the CK, and لِحْف in other copies of the K, (in the place of which I find لُهْج in a copy of the M, app. a mistranscription,) I read, and thus render لَجَف, supposing it to mean such a place in the side of a rivulet for irrigation,] lest the torrent should collect itself together from every place, and consequently the border of the rivulet for irrigation of the garden of palm-trees [thus I render عِرَاقُ الحَائِطِ (see art. عرق)] should become demolished. (M, K.) b2: And قِصَابٌ signifies دِبَارٌ: (so accord. to a copy of the M:) or دِيَارٌ: (so in copies of the K:) [the former I think to be the preferable reading; but its meaning is doubtful: accord. to the K it signifies Small channels for irrigation between tracts of seed-produce; and ISd says the like: accord. to AHn, patches of sown ground: see more voce دَبْرٌ: it is a pl.,] and the sing. is ↓ قَصَبَةٌ. (M, K.) قَصُوبٌ A sheep or goat that one shears. (O, K.) قَصِيبٌ, applied to a he-camel, (M, TA,) and likewise to a she-camel, (TA, [but this I think doubtful, as it has the meaning of an act. (not pass.) part. n.,]) That sucks up, or sucks in, the water. (M, TA.) b2: See also قَاصِبٌ.

قِصَابَةٌ The art of playing upon the musical reed, or pipe. (S, O.) b2: [And] The craft, or occupation, of the butcher. (M, Msb.) A2: See also قِصَابٌ.

قَصِيبَةٌ: see قُصَّابَةٌ. b2: Also, and ↓ قُصَّابَةٌ, (S, M, O, K,) and ↓ قَصَبَةٌ, (Lth, M, K,) and ↓ تَقْصِيبَةٌ, (M, O, K,) and ↓ تَقْصِبَةٌ, (M, K,) (tropical:) A lock of hair having a [spiral] twisted form [so as to be like a hollow cane]: (Lth, M, K:) or a pendent lock of hair that is twisted so as to curl [in a spiral form]; not plaited: (S, O:) or قَصِيبَةٌ signifies a lock of hair that curls naturally so as to be like a hollow cane; (A;) and its pl. is قَصَائِبٌ: (S, A:) [and,] accord. to Lth, such is termed ↓ قَصَبَةٌ (TA) [and app. ↓ قُصَّابَةٌ also]: and ↓ تَقْصِيبَةٌ, (Lth, A, TA,) of which the pl. is تَقَاصِيبُ, (Lth, A, O, TA,) signifies such as is twisted and made to curl by a woman; (Lth, * A, TA;) [and so, app., ↓ تَقْصِبَةٌ;] i. e., such as, being [naturally] lank, is curled by means of canes and thread. (A.) قَصَّابٌ A blower in reeds or canes (نَافِخٌ فِى

القَصَبِ); as also ↓ قَاصِبٌ. (M, K. [In the former, this explanation is given in such a manner as plainly shows that it is meant to be understood as being distinct from that which next follows: but I incline to think that the two explanations are taken from different sources and have one and the same application.]) And (M, K) A player on the musical reed, or pipe; (AA, S, M, O, K;) and so ↓ قَاصِبٌ. (S, O.) Ru-beh says, (S, M, O, TA,) describing an ass, (S, O, TA,) braying, (TA,) فِى جَوْفِهِ وَحْىٌ كَوَحْىِ القَصَّابْ [In his chest is, or was, a sound like the sound of the player on the musical reed]. (S, M, O, TA.) b2: and A butcher; (S, M, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ قَاصِبٌ: (M, K:) so called from قَصَبَ in the first of the senses expl. in this art.; (M, O, Msb, TA;) or because he takes the sheep or goat by its قَصَبَة, i. e. its shank-bone; (M, TA;) or because he cleanses the أَفْصَاب, or guts, of the belly; or from قَصَّبَهُ signifying as expl. in the last sentence of the second paragraph of this article. (O, TA.) قُصَّابٌ: see قُصَّابَهٌ, in two places.

قَصَّابَةٌ (O, K, accord. to my MS. copy of the K قُصَّابَةٌ [which is wrong]) لِلنَّاسِ (O) (tropical:) One who reviles men, vilifies them, or defames them, much: (O, K:) [or, very much; for] the ة is added to render the epithet [doubly] intensive. (O.) [See 1, third sentence.]

قُصَّابَةٌ, (S, O, and so accord. to my MS copy of the K, accord. to other copies of the K قَصَّابَةٌ [which is wrong,]) with damm and teshdeed, (S,) An internodial portion of a reed or cane; such a portion thereof as intervenes between two joints, or knots; syn. أَنْبُوبَةٌ; (S, O, K;) [a n. un. of the coll. gen. n. ↓ قُصَّابٌ;] and ↓ قَصِيبَةٌ, (O, K,) of which the pl. is قَصَائِبُ, (TA,) signifies the same. (O, K.) b2: And A musical reed, or pipe; syn. مِزْمَارٌ: (S, M, K:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ قُصَّابٌ. (S, M, O.) See an ex. of the latter in a verse of El-Aashà (accord. to one relation thereof) cited voce قُصْبٌ. (S, M, O.) b3: See also قَصِيبَةٌ, in two places.

قَاصبٌ, applied to a he-camel and a she-camel, (ISk, S, M, O, K,) Abstaining from drinking before having satisfied thirst: (ISk, S, O:) or abstaining from drinking the water, and raising the head from it; (M, K;) and so ↓ قَصيبٌ, likewise applied to the he-camel and the she-camel: (K: [but this latter I think doubtful:]) or a camel (بَعِيرٌ) refusing to drink: (As, TA:) and ↓ مُقْتَصِبَةٌ is also said to be applied to a she-camel. (TA.) A2: And A raiser, or grower, of قَصَب [i. e. reeds, or canes]. (Mgh.) b2: See also قَصَّابٌ, in two places. b3: Also (assumed tropical:) Sounding thunder: (M:) and a cloud in which is thunder and lightning: (As, TA:) or, accord. to As, a cloud in which is thunder; (O;) [and] so says Az; (TA;) likened to a player on a musical reed, or pipe. (O, TA.) b4: And دِرَّةٌ قَاصِبَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A stream of milk coming forth easily (M, O) from the teat of the udder (O) as though it were a rod of silver. (M, O.) b5: See, again, قَصَّابٌ, last sentence.

تَقْصِبَةٌ and تَقْصِيبَةٌ: see قَصِيبَةٌ; each in two places.

مَقْصَبَةٌ: see قَصَبٌ, first quarter.

مُقَصَّبٌ (tropical:) Hair curled in the manner expl. above, voce قَصِيبَةٌ. (S, A, O.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) A garment, or piece of cloth, folded. (Msb.) مُقَصِّبٌ (tropical:) One who wins, or acquires, the canes of the contest for victory (in racing يُحْرِزُ قَصَبَ السِّبَاقِ, A, O, K, TA, in the CK قَصَبَاتِ السِّباقِ) [i. e. in horse-racing]: and (tropical:) a fleet horse, that outstrips others. (A.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) Milk upon which the froth is thick. (O, K.) مِقْصَابٌ may mean A place abounding with قَصَب [i. e. reeds, or canes]; like as مِعْشَابٌ means“ a place abounding with [herbage of the kind termed] عُشْب. ” (Ham p. 490.) مُقْتَصِبَهٌ: see قَاصِبٌ.

طود

1 طَادَ, (aor. ـُ inf. n. طَوْدٌ, TK,) It (a thing, TK) was, or became, firm, or steadfast. (Fr, L, K.) 2 طوّد, (S, L, K,) inf. n. تَطْوِيدٌ and تَطْوَادٌ; and ↓ تطوّد; (K;) He went round about much, or often, syn. طَوَّفَ (S, L, K) and طَوَّحَ, (S,) فِى

الجِبَالِ in the mountains: (S:) or the former, he went round about much, or often, in the countries to seek the means of subsistence. (IAar, L.) And one says also, طوّد بِنَفْسِهِ [He went round about &c. by himself], and بِفُلَانٍ [with such a one]. (L.) A2: طوّدهُ, inf. n. تَطْوِيدٌ, He (God) made it high, or tall. (A.) 4 اطاد He made, or rendered, firm, or steadfast: so accord. to Freytag; but he names no authority.]5 تَطَوَّدَ see 2.7 انطاد It rose, or ascended, in the air. (K.) طَادٌ Heavy: (K:) and ↓ طَادِىٌّ firm, or steadfast: (L:) or both signify heavy and firm or steadfast. (TA.) b2: Also the former, A stallion excited by lust. (K.) طَوْدٌ A mountain: (K:) or a great mountain (S, A, L, K) rising high into the sky: (A:) or i. q. هَضْبَةٌ [either as denoting a hill or mountain or a tract of sand: see the next sentence]: (IAar:) pl. أَطْوَادٌ (A, L, K) and طِوَدَةٌ. (K.) b2: And An elevated, or overlooking, tract of sand; (K, TA;) as also هَضْبَةٌ. (TA.) b3: And the pl. أَطْوَاد is applied by a poet to signify (tropical:) Camels' humps; as being likened to mountains because of their height. (IAar, L.) b4: اِبْنُ الطَّوْدِ means (assumed tropical:) The mass of rock (الجُلْمُودُ) that falls from the upper part of a mountain: (A, L, * K: *) or the echo. (A.) One says, أَسْرَعُ مِنِ ابْنِ الطَّوْدِ (assumed tropical:) Quicker, or swifter, than the mass of rock that falls &c.: or than the echo. (A.) طَادِىٌّ: see طَادٌ.

مَطَادَةٌ A desert, or waterless desert, far-extending: (K:) pl. مَطَاوِدُ. (TA.) And the latter (i. e. the pl.), Places of perdition; (K, TA;) it is like مَطَاوِحُ. (S, TA.) مُطَوِّدٌ Remote, or distant. (K.) بِنَآءٌ مُنْطَادٌ A lofty building, (K, TA,) rising high in the air. (TA.)

ثنى: ثنى لفلان وسادةً: من مظاهر الأدب والاحترام للزائر. وتثنى له الوسادة ليرتاح في جلسته (ابن خلكان 10: 108، وانظر كوسج مختارات 133).
وثنى الثوب: عطفه ورد بعضه على بعض لتقصيره وخبنه - وثنى كعب الصرمة: طوى طرف الحذاء عند الكعب - وثنى حافية برنيطة: رفع حافتها وجدّدها (بوشر).
وثنى إليه: انعطف واتجه إليه (عباد 1: 57) وثنى بالشيء: فعله مرة ثانية، وأتبعه أمرا قبله (عباد 2: 103 وانظر 3: 206) غير أن لين لم يذكر إلا ثنىّ بتشديد النون في هذا المعنى. لكن ما جاء في بيت الشعر الذي ذكره ابن عباد هو ثنى الثلاثي كما يدل عليه الوزن.
ثَنَّى: حرث الأرض مرة ثانية (الكالا، انظره في ثلّث، ابن العوام 1: 66، 2: 128).
ثنّى به: سماه بعد الأول (المقري 2: 204) وهي ضد بدا التي وردت في السطر الذي قبله.
وثنّى بفلان: عامله كما عامل الأول قبله، ففي فريتاج مختارات (ص122): وكان السلطان قد قتل بالسيف أحد الأسيرين ولم يشك (الآخر) في إنه يثنّى به.
وثنّى له الوزارة: لقبه بذي الوزارتين ففي حيان - بسام (1: 192ق): كان له بسليمان اتصال فثنى له الوزارة مَثنْى.
وثنّى: قذف، قدح فيه، شنع عليه (الكالا)، وقد ذكرت في معجم فوك في مادة lascivire أي عبث، لها، نزق.
أثنى، يقال أثنى بفلان (؟) ففي ابن حيان (ص49 ق): فكان أول من أظهر الخلعان بها وأثنى بأهل المعصية وسعى في تفريق الكلمة كريب بن عثمان بن خلدون.
وأثنى: كان ذا سمعة حسنة.
تَثَنّى: ذكرت في معجم فوكفي مادة duale بمعنى انثنى.
انثنى: تغضن، وانعطف وارتد بعضه على بعض (بوشر) وذكرت في معجم فوك في مادة lascivire أي عبث، ولها ونزق.
ثنية: طية، - وثنية الركبة أو الذراع: الموضع الذي تثنى (تطوى) منه الركبة أو الذراع. - وطية مضاعفة. وكفة الثوب ونحوه وهو ما ثنى وكف من أطرافه لتقصيره أو خبنه. وهدب الثوب يضاف إليه (بوشر).
ثَنَاء: صيت، شهرة حسنة (فوك) ثَنِيّ: مُهر بلغ السنة الثانية من العمر (ونزشتاين في زيشر 22: 74) - ومن له ثنيّان أي سنّان (فوك).
ثَنِيَّة: ترجمنا هذه الكلمة بلفظة- col ولو إنها تعني عادة محل مرور الطريق في شعاف الجبل (دوماس قبيل 316).
وثنية= عقبة، يقول بلجراف (1: 341): إنها عقبة أو منعرج، فحين يرتفع الجبل لا بد أن يكون الطريق في منعرج للمرور فيه.
وثنية: البرُت أو البرُتات في جبال الييرنية، وهي المواضع المنخفضة التي تتخذ طريقا بين أسبانيا وفرنسا، ويبلغ متوسط ارتفاعها 2766 مترا فوق مستوى سطح البحر، وهي ثنايا هذه السلسلة من الجبال (المقدمة 1: 119)، وأبن خلدون طبعة تورمبرج وفيه (ص9: (غربا والمفضية) وفي ص6 (الثنايا البقايا).
والثنية: الطريق، الدرب (همبرت 41 الجزائر).
والثنايا: أسنان مقدم الفم وأسنان اللبن وأول ما في الفم (بوشر).
ثُنَائِيّ. حديث ثنائي الإسناد: حديث نقل عن الرسول بواسطة سلسلتين من رواة الحديث، ففي العبدري (ص28 ق): قرأت عليه بعض الأحاديث الثنائية الإسناد من حديث مالك.
ثانٍ: من قِبَله (معجم هابشت ألف ليلة 3: 32، وأقرأ فيه 386 بدل 336؟ وثانٍ: مقابل، مواجه، ففي ألف ليلة (3: 56) في الكلام عن شاطئ نهر وغيره: الساقية الثانية أي الساقية المقابلة للجدول. وفيها (1: 771، 795): البر الثاني وفي (4: 674) منها: حتى وصل إلى البر من الجهة الثانية.
ثاني حشيش: خلف، رجيع (كلأ من الحشة الثانية).
ثاني عمارة: عمارة أعيد بناؤها.
ثاني مرة: ثانية، مجددا.
ثاني نبيذ: نطل، نبيذ العنب يصب عليه الماء، نبيذ دون.
كل يوم وثانيه: يوميا (بوشر)؟ قرأ ثانيا: قرأ حتى النهاية (الكالا).
ثانية: جمعها ثوان وثواني: جزء من ستين من الدقيقة (بوشر، محيط المحيط).
وفي كتاب عن الإسطرلاب يعود تاريخه إلى ما قبل القرن السابع للهجرة (مخطوطة 591، فهرست 3: 98): وتنقسم دوائرها إلى دقائق وثواني (المقري 1: 765، راجع إضافات وتصحيحات).
إثْنَيْنِيَّة ثنوية (المقدمة 3: 75) تَثْنِيَة (من مصطلح الجراحة) ويراد به إنه حين يوقف سحب الدم من فتحة الوريد، يعاد بعد ذلك إلى سحبه ثانية دون أن يبضع الوريد. ففي معجم المنصوري: تثنية: (كذا) هو المعاودة، والمراد بها في العضد وهو أن يقطع استخراج الدم قبل استيفاء الغرض ثم يترك ساعة أو يوما ثم يحل الموضع من غير تكرار بضع ثم يرسل الدم.
مثنى، يوم مثنى (تاريخ البربر 2: 395؟ ولا بد أن المراد به اليوم الثلاثين من شهر ذي الحجة، الذي تزيد أيامه في السنة الكبيسة يوما عنه في السنين الأخرى (تعليق الترجمة 4: 245 رقم 1).
المثاني: عند الكلام عن المثاني في القرآن قارن ما ذكره لين مع ما جاء في المقدمة (3: 323).
مَثْنِىّ: في حيان - بسام (1: 114ق) فتسمى بالوزارة في أيامه منفردة ومَثْنِيَّة ارذل الدائرة (الحرس) وأخابث النظار وهذا يعني تلقبوا بلقب الوزير وبلقب ذي الوزارتين. (أنظر ثنّى).
مثنية: نصف قطعة من البز (هوست 269).
استثناء: تقادم، حق اكتساب الملكية بمرور الزمن أو عدم النظر في الطلب وإقصاؤه في القضاء. وسقوط الدين لعدم المطالبة بدفعه في موعده المحدد (بوشر).

ثن

ى1 ثَنَاهُ, (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) said in the K to be like سَعَى, implying that the aor. is ثَنَىَ, but this is a mistake, (MF, TA,) [for it is well known that] the aor. is ثَنِىَ, (Msb,) inf. n. ثَنْىٌ, (S, M, Msb, &c.,) He doubled it, or folded it; (T;) he turned one part of it upon another; (M, K;) he bent it; (T, S, Mgh, Msb, TA;) he drew, or contracted, one of its two extremities to [or towards] the other; or joined, or adjoined, one of them to the other; thus bending it; (Mgh;) namely, a stick, or branch, or twig, (Mgh,) or a thing, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) of any kind. (T.) One says of a man with the mention of whom one begins, in relation to an honourable or a praiseworthy quality, or in relation to science or knowledge, بِهِ تُثْنَى الخَنَاصِرُ, (T,) meaning With [the mention of] him, (T, and Msb in art. خصر,) among others of his class, (Msb ib.,) the little fingers are bent. (T, and Msb ubi suprá. [For the Arabs, in counting with the fingers, first bend the tip of the little finger down to the palm of the hand; then, the tip of the next; and so on; bending the thumb down upon the other fingers for five; and then continue by extending the fingers, one after another, again commencing with the little finger.]) And a poet says, فَإِنْ عُدَّ مَجْدٌ أَوْ قَدِيمٌ لِمَعْشَرٍ

فَقَوْمِى بِهِمْ تُثْنَى هُنَاكَ لأَصَابِعُ [And if glory, or any old ground of pretension to honour, be reckoned as belonging to a body of men, it is my people, with the mention of them, in that case, the fingers are bent]; meaning that they are reckoned as the best; (IAar, M;) for the best are not many. (M.) One says also, ثَنَى وَرِكَهُ فَنَزَلَ [lit. He bent his hip, and alighted], meaning he alighted from his beast. (T.) and ثَنَى رِجْلَهُ عَنْ دَابَّتِهِ, meaning He drew up his leg to his thigh, and alighted. (M.) But قَبْلَ أَنْ يَثْنِىَ رِجْلَهُ, occurring in a trad., means Before he turned his leg from the position in which it was in the pronouncing of the testimony of the faith. (IAth.) ثَنَى صَدْرَهُ, aor. and inf. n. as above, [lit. He folded his breast, or bosom,] means (assumed tropical:) he concealed enmity in his breast, or bosom: or he folded up what was in it, in concealment. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [xi. 5], أَلَا إِنَّهُمْ يَثْنَونَ صُدُورَهُمْ, meaning [Now surely] they infold and conceal [in their bosoms] enmity and hatred: (Fr, T:) or they bend their breasts, or bosoms, and fold up, and conceal, what is therein: (Zj, T:) I'Ab read, صُدُورُهُمْ ↓ تَثْنَوْنِى: you say, اِثْنَوْنَى صَدْرُهُ عَلَى البَغْضَآءِ, meaning his breast, or bosom, infolded, or concealed, vehement hatred: (T:) or the phrase in the Kur, accord. to the former reading, means they bend, or turn, their breasts, or bosoms, from the truth; they turn themselves away therefrom: or they incline their breasts, or bosoms, to unbelief, and enmity to the Prophet: or they turn their backs: (Bd:) [for] b2: ثَنَاهُ, (T, S, Msb, TA,) aor. as above, (Msb,) and so the inf. n., (T, Msb, TA,) also signifies He turned him, or it, away or back. (T, S, Msb, TA.) Also He turned him, or turned him away or back, (Lth, T, S,) from the course that he desired to pursue, (Lth, T,) or from the object of his want: (S:) or you say, ثَنَاهُ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ, (Mgh,) and عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ, (TA,) and عَنْ مُرَادِهِ, (Msb,) he turned him, or turned him away or back, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) from his course, (Mgh,) and from the object of his want, (TA,) and from the object of his desire. (Msb.) One says also, فُلَانٌ لَا يُثْنَى عَنْ قِرْنِهِ وَلَا عَنْ وَجْهِهِ [Such a one will not be turned, or turned away or back, from his antagonist, nor from his course]. (T.) b3: Also He tied it; or tied it in a knot or knots; or tied it firmly, fast, or strongly. (TA.) You say, ثَنَيْتُ البَعِيرَ بِثِنَايَيْنِ, meaning, accord. to As, as related by A'Obeyd, I bound both the fore legs of the camel with two bonds: but correctly, I bound the two fore legs of the camel with the two ends of a rope; the last word meaning a single rope: (T:) عَقَلْتُهُ بِثَنْيَيْنِ means I bound one of his fore shanks to the arm with two ties, or tyings. (T, M.) b4: ثَنْىٌ [as inf. n. of ثَنَى] also signifies The act of drawing, or joining, or adjoining, one [thing] to another; (Lth, T, Mgh;) and so ↓ تَثْنِيَةٌ [inf. n. of ثنّى]. (Mgh.) b5: [As ثَلَثَهُمْ signifies “ he took the third of their property,” and “ he made them, with himself, three,” and other verbs of number are used in similar senses, so] ثَنَاهُ signifies He took the half of their property: or he drew, or adjoined, to him what became with him two: (TA:) or ثَنَيْتُهُ, (S, Msb,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (Msb,) signifies I became (S, Msb) to him, (S,) or with him, (Msb,) a second; (S, Msb;) or I was a second to him, or it: (Er-Rághib:) or one should not say thus, but that Az says, (M,) هُوَ وَاحِدٌ فَاثْنِهِ (M, K [but in the latter, هٰذَا in the place of هُوَ, and in the CK, ↓ فأَثْنِه,]) he is one, and be thou a second to him. (M, K.) b6: ثَنَى, aor. as above, also signifies He made eleven to be twelve. (T in art. ثلث.) b7: ثَنَى الأَرْضَ, inf. n. as above, He turned over the land, or ground, twice for sowing, or cultivating: (Mgh, and A * and TA * in art. ثلث:) and ↓ تَثْنِيَةٌ [inf. n. of ثنّى] and ثُنُيَانٌ [app. another inf. n. of ثَنَى, and app. correctly written ثُنْيَانٌ] are often used by [the Imám] Mohammad in the sense of ثَنْىٌ: he who explains تَثْنِيَةٌ as signifying the turning over [the land, or ground,] for sowing, or cultivating, after the harvest, or as signifying the restoring land to its owner turned over for sowing, or cultivating, commits an inadvertence. (Mgh.) b8: فَاثْنِنِى, occurring in a poem of Kutheiyir 'Azzeh, is explained as meaning Then give thou to me a second time: (M, TA:) but this is strange: (TA:) [ISd says,] I have not seen it in any other instance. (M.) b9: لَا يَثْنِى وَلَا يَثْلِثُ, (a phrase mentioned by IAar, M,) or وَلَا يُثَلِّثُ ↓ لَا يُثَنِّى, or وَلَا يُثْلِثُ ↓ لَا يُثْنِى: see 1 in art. ثلث.2 ثنّاهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَثْنِيَةٌ, (S, K,) He made it two; or called it two. (S, M, MS b, K.) [Hence,] ثَنَّى means also He counted two; whence the saying, فُلَانٌ يُثَنِّى وَلَا يُثَلِّثُ; see art. ثلث: (A and TA in art. ثلث:) [and so, app., ↓ اِثَّنَى; for] a poet says, بَدَا بِأَبِى ثُمَّ اثَّنَى بِأَبِى أَبِى

[which seems plainly to mean He began with my father; then counted two with the father of my father]. (M.) b2: [He dualized it, namely, a word; made it to have a dual. b3: He marked it with two points, namely, a ت or a ى.] b4: He repeated it; iterated it. (Mgh.) See 1, in three places. b5: ثنّى لِامْرَأَتِهِ, or عِنْدَهَا, He remained two nights with his wife: and in like manner the verb is used in relation to any saying or action. (TA voce سَبَّعَ.) b6: ثنّى بِالأَمْرِ He did the thing immediately after another thing. (T.) b7: تَثْنِيَةٌ also signifies A man's requesting others [who are playing with him at the game called المَيْسِر] to return, for [a chance of] the stakes, his arrow, when it has been successful, and he has been secure, and has won. (Lh, M.) A2: See also 4.4 أَثْنَتْ, or ↓ اِثْتَنَتْ, She brought forth her second offspring. (TA in art. بكر.) b2: See also 1, in two places. b3: اثنى, (inf. n. إِثْنَآءٌ, TA,) He shed his tooth called the ثَنِيَّة; (S, Mgh, Msb;) he became what is termed ثُنِىّ; said of a camel [&c.]: (M, K:) he shed his رَوَاضِع [pl. of رَاضِعَة which is the same, in this case, as ثَنِيَّة]; said of a horse [&c.]. (IAar, T.) A2: اثنى عَلَيْهِ, (T, S, M, Msb, K, &c.,) inf. n. إِثْنَآءٌ; (T;) and ↓ ثنّى, inf. n. تَثْنِيَةٌ, accord. to the K, but this is a mistake for ↓ ثبّى, inf. n. تَثْبِيَةٌ; (TA;) He praised, eulogized, commended, or spoke well of, him: and he dispraised, censured, discommended, or spoke ill of, him: (T, * M, Msb, K:) the object is either God or a man: (T:) or it has the former meaning only: (M, K;) or the former meaning is the more common: (Msb:) accord. to IAar, اثنى signifies he spoke, or said, well, or good; and ill, or evil; and انثى, “he defamed,” or “did so in the absence of the object;” and “he disdained, scorned, shunned, disliked, or hated,” a thing: (T:) and you say, اثنى عَلَيْهِ خَيْرًا [He spoke, or said, well, or good, of him]; (S, and TA from a trad.;) and شَرًّا [ill, or evil], also. (TA from the same trad.) One says also, أَثْنَيْتُ فِعْلَهُ [I praised his deed]; meaning عَلَى فِعْلِهِ; or because أَثْنَى means مَدَحَ. (Ham p. 696.) 5 تثنّى: see 7. b2: Also He affected an inclining of his body, or a bending, or he inclined his body, or bent, from side to side; syn. تَمَايَلَ: (Har pp. 269 and 271:) and he walked with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of the body from side to side; or with a twisting of the back, and with extended steps; syn. تَبَخْتَرَ. (Idem p. 271.) Yousay, تثنّى فِى مِشْيَتِهِ (S, and Har p. 269) He affected an inclining of his body, or a bending, or he inclined his body, or bent, from side to side, in his gait. (Har ib.) [And in like manner, and more commonly, one says of a woman.]7 انثنى, (T, S, M, K,) and ↓ تثنّى, and ↓ اِثَّنَى, of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ, (M, K,) originally اِثْتَنَى, (M,) and ↓ اِثْنَوْنَى, (T, S, K,) of the measure اِفْعَوْعَلَ, (T, S,) It was, or became, doubled, or folded; (T;) it had one part turned upon another; (M, K;) it was, or became, bent. (T, S.) b2: [Hence,] انثنى signifies also He turned, or turned away or back, (Har pp. 44 and 120,) عَنْ أَمْرٍ from an affair, after having determined to do it. (Lth in TA art. زمع.) 8 إِثْتَنَىَ see 7, and 4: b2: and see also 2.10 استثناهُ He set it aside as excluded; or he excluded it, or excepted it; مِنْ شَىْءٍ from a thing; syn. حَاشَاهُ: (M:) or he set it aside, or apart, for himself: and in the conventional language of the grammarians, [he excepted it; i. e.] he excluded it from the predicament in which another thing was included, or in which other things were included: (Mgh:) الاِسْتِثْنَآءُ [in grammar] is the turning away the agent from reaching the object of the اِسْتِثْنَآء: (Msb:) in the case of an oath [and the like], it means the saying إِنْ شَآءَ اللّٰهُ [If God will]. (Mgh.) [See ثُنْيَا.]12 اثنونى: see 7; and see also 1.

ثِنْىٌ A duplication, or doubling, of a thing: (T, * S, Msb:) pl. أَثْنَآءٌ; (S, Msb;) or the sing. may be ↓ ثَنًى. (Msb.) b2: A folding: so in the saying, أَنْفَذْتُ كَذَا ثِنْىَ كِتَابِى, (S, TA,) or فِى ثِنْىِ كِتَابِىِ (so in a copy of the S,) i. e., فِى طَيِّهِ [lit. I sent, or transmitted, such a thing within the folding of my writing, or letter; meaning infolded, or enclosed, in it; and included in it]. (S, TA.) b3: A duplicature, or fold, of a garment, or piece of cloth: (TA:) or what is turned back of the extremities thereof: (T:) pl. as above: whence, in a trad. of Aboo-Hureyreh, كَانَ يَثْنِيهِ عَلَيْهِ أَثْنَآءً مِنْ سَعَتِهِ [He used to fold it upon him in folds by reason of its width]; meaning the garment. (TA.) [Hence the saying,] وَكَانَ ذٰلِكَ فِى أَثْنَآءِ كَذَا, i. e., فى غُضُونِهِ [lit and that was in the folds, meaning, in the midst, of such a thing, or such an affair, or event]. (TA.) And جَاؤُوا فِى أَثْنَآءِ الأَمْرِ They came in the midst of the affair, or event. (Msb.) [And hence, app.,] مَضَى ثِنْىٌ مِنَ اللَّيْل An hour, or a period, or a short portion, of the night passed; (M, K; *) syn. سَاعَةٌ, (Th, M, K,) or وَقْتٌ. (Lh, M, K.) [See also what is said below respecting its pl. in relation to a night.] b4: Also sing. of أَثْنَآءٌ meaning The parts of a thing that are laid together like the strands of a rope, or that are laid one upon another as layers or strata, or side by side as the things that compose a bundle; (قُوَاهُ, and طَاقَاتُهُ; [rendered by Freytag “ virtutes, facultates rei; ”]) and ↓ مَثَانٍ, of which the sing. is ↓ مَثْنَاةٌ and ↓ مِثْنَاةٌ, signifies the same. (M, K.) b5: Also A bending of the neck of a sheep, or goat, not in consequence of disease: (K: but in the M, ثَنْىٌ [inf. n. of 1]:) and a serpent's bending, or folding, of itself: (M, K:) and also (thus in the M, but in the K “or”) a curved part of a serpent that has folded itself; (M, K;) pl. أَثْنَآءٌ, (M,) i. e. the folds of a coiled serpent. (T.) The pl. is used metaphorically [as though meaning (tropical:) The turns] of a night. (M. [But see explanations of the sing. as used in relation to a night in what precedes.] b6: A part that is bent, or folded, or doubled, of a وِشَاح [q. v.]; (TA;) pl. as above: (T, TA:) and so of a rope: (S:) or a portion of the extremity of a rope folded, or doubled, [so as to form a loop,] for binding therewith the pastern of the fore leg of a beast, to serve as a tether. (T.) Tarafeh says, لَعَمْرُكَ إِنَّ المَوْتَ مَا أَخْطَأَ الفَتَى

لَكَالطِّوَلِ المُرْخَى وَثِنْيَاهُ بِالْيَدِ [By thy life, death, while missing the strong young man, is like the tether that is slackened while the two folded extremities thereof are upon the fore leg, or in the hand: see طِوَلٌ]: (T, S:) he means that the young man must inevitably die, though his term of life be protracted; like as the beast, though his tether be lengthened and slackened, cannot escape, being withheld by its two extremities: (so in a copy of the T:) or by ثنياه he means its extremity; using the dual form because it is folded, or doubled, upon the pastern, and tied with a double tie: (so in another copy of the T:) or he means, while its two extremities are in the hand of its owner: (EM p. 91:) by ما اخطأ, he means فِى إِخْطَائِهِ, (S in art. طول,) or مُدَّةَ إِخْطَائِهِ: and the ل [prefixed to the ك of comparison] is for corroboration. (EM ubi suprá.) You say also, رَبَّقَ أَثْنَآءَ الحَبْلِ, meaning He made loops in the middle of the rope to put upon the necks of the young lambs or kids. (T.) b7: Also A bend, or place of bending, of a valley, (S, M, * K,) and of a mountain: (S:) pl. as above: (M, K:) and ↓ مَثَانٍ [likewise] signifies the bends of a valley. (T, K.) A2: A she-camel that has brought forth twice, (S,) or two, (M,) or a second time: (K:) or, as some say, that has brought forth once: but the former is more analogical: (M:) one does not say ثِلْثٌ [as meaning “ that has brought forth thrice ”], nor use any similar epithet above this: (S, TA:) pl. ثُنَآءٌ, like ظُؤَارٌ pl. of ظِئْرٌ, accord. to Sb, (M, TA,) and أَثْنَآءٌ accord. to others: (TA:) in like manner it is applied to a woman, (S, M,) metaphorically: (M:) and to the she-camel's second young one: (S, M:) accord. to As, as related by A'Obeyd, a she-camel that has brought forth once: also that has brought forth twice: [so says Az, but he adds,] but what I have heard from the Arabs is this; that they term a she-camel that has brought forth her first young one بِكْر; and her first young one, her بِكْر; and when she brought forth a second, she is termed ثِنْىٌ; and her young one, her ثِنْى: and this is what is correct. (T.) [Hence the saying,] مَا هٰذَا الأَمْرُ مِنْكَ بِكْرًا وَلَا ثِنْيًا (tropical:) This thing, or affair, is not thy first nor thy second. (A and TA in art. بكر.) b2: See also ثُنْيَانٌ.

ثَنًى: see ثِنْىٌ, first sentence.

ثُنًى: see ثِنًى: b2: and see also ثُنْيَانٌ: b3: and اِثْنَانِ.

ثِنًى The repetition of a thing; doing it one time after another: (Aboo-Sa'eed, TA:) or a thing, or an affair, done twice: (S, Msb, TA:) this is the primary signification: (TA:) and ↓ ثُنًى signifies the same. (IB, TA.) It is said in a trad., لَا ثِنَى فِى الصَّدَقَةِ There shall be no repetition in the taking of the poor-rate; (IAth, TA;) [i. e.] the poor-rate shall not be taken twice in one year: (As, Ks, T, S, M, Mgh, K:) or two she-camels shall not be taken in the place of one for the poor-rate: (M, IAth, K: *) or there shall be no retracting of an alms; or no revoking it: (Mgh, K, * TA:) this last is the meaning accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, (Mgh, TA,) i. e. Ed-Dareeree, (Mgh,) who, in explaining this trad., as relating to the giving an alms to a man and then desiring to take it back, says he does not deny that ثِنًى

has the meaning first assigned to it above in this paragraph. (TA.) b2: See also ثُنْيانٌ: b3: and اِثْنَانِ.

ثَنْوَى and ثُنْوَى: see ثُنْيَا, in four places.

ثُنْيَةٌ: see ثُنْيَا, in three places.

ثِنْيَةٌ The lowest, most ignoble, or meanest, of the people of his house; applied to a man. (S, TA.) b2: Also pl. of ثُنْيَانٌ, q. v. (S, K.) ثُنْيَا a subst. from اِسْتِثْنَآءٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb;) as also ↓ ثَنْوَى; the former with damm, and the latter with fet-h: (S, Msb:) both are syn. with اِسْتِثْنَآءٌ [used as a subst., meaning An exception]; (T;) as also ↓ ثَنِيَّةٌ, (T, K,) or ↓ ثُنْيَةٌ, (accord. to one copy of the T,) and ↓ مَثْنَوِيَّةٌ: (T:) so in the saying, حَلَفَ يَمِينًا لَيْسَ فِيهَا ثُنْيَا and ↓ ثُنْوَى and ↓ ثَنِيَّةٌ or ↓ ثُنْيَةٌ and ↓ مَثْنَوِيَّةٌ [he swore an oath in which there was not an exception]; for when the swearer says, “By God I will not do such and such things unless God will otherwise,” he reverses what he [first] says by God's willing otherwise: (T: [see 10:]) [and so in the saying,] ↓ حَلْفَةٌ غَيْرُ ذَاتِ مَثْنَوِيَّةٍ a swearing not made lawful [by an exception]: (M:) [so too in the saying,] ↓ بَيْعٌ مَا فِيهِ مَثْنَوِيَّةٌ [and ثُنْيَا &c.] (K in art. لحج) a sale in which there is not an exception: (TA in that art.:) or ثُنْيَا signifies a thing excepted, (M, Mgh, K,) whatever it be; (K) as also ↓ ثَنْوَى, (M, K,) with و substituted for ى, (M,) or ↓ ثُنْوَى, (so in the TA, [but probably through inadvertence,]) and ↓ ثَنِيَّةٌ, (M, K,) or ↓ ثُنْيَةٌ. (TA.) In a sale, it is unlawful when it is the exception of a thing unknown; and when one sells a slaughtered camel for a certain price and excepts the head and extremities: (T, TA:) or when an exception is made from things sold without measuring or weighting or numbering: and in a contract with another for labour upon land on the condition of sharing the produce, it is when one excepts a certain measure after the half or the third. (IAth, TA.) The saying of Mo-hammad, مَنِ اسْتَثْنَى فَلَهُ ثُنْيَاهُ means Whoso maketh an exception, his shall be what he excepteth: (M, TA: *) as, for instance, when one says, “I divorce her thrice, save once: ” or “ I emancipate them, except such a one. ” (TA.) b2: It also means particularly The head and legs of a slaughtered camel; (T, M, * K;) because the seller of the camel used, in the Time of Ignorance, to except them; (T;) and IF adds, but incorrectly, the back-bone: (Sgh, TA:) whence, applied to a she-camel, مُذَكَّرَةُ الثُّنْيَا, (T, M,) meaning Resembling the make of the male in [the largeness of] her head and legs; (Th, M;) or جُمَالِيَّةُ الثُّنْيَا, having thick legs, like those of the male camel in thickness. (T.) [Also, app., The exception, or omission, of a day, in irrigation: see 3 in art. ثلث, and ثِلْثٌ in the same art.] and ↓ ثَنِيَّةٌ signifies also A palm-tree that is excepted from a bargain. (M, K.) And The martyrs whom God has excepted from those who shall fall down dead or swooning: (M, K:) these, accord. to Kaab, are اللّٰهِ فِى الأَرْضِ ↓ ثَنِيّةُ [those whom God has excepted on the earth]; (T, M;) alluded to in the Kur [xxxix. 68], where it is said, “and the horn shall be blown, and those who are in the heavens and those on the earth shall fall down dead, or swooning, except those whom God shall please [to except]. ” (T.) ثُنْيَانٌ The second chief; the person who comes second as a chief; (A'Obeyd, T;) the person who is [next] below the سَيِّد, (S, M, K, [in some copies of the K, erroneously, سيل,]) in rank; (S;) as also ↓ ثِنًى (A'Obeyd, T, S, M, K) and ↓ ثُنًى (A'Obeyd, T, S, K) and ↓ ثِنْىٌ: (K:) pl. (of the first, S) ثِنْيَةٌ [which is also a sing., mentioned above]. (S, K.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce بَدْءٌ.] b2: A man having no judgment nor intelligence, or understanding. (M, K.) b3: Applied to judgment, or an opinion, (M, K,) (tropical:) Wrong, or having a wrong tendency; (M;) bad, corrupt, unsound, or wrong. (K, TA.) A2: Also a pl. of ثَنِىٌّ [q. v.]. (S, M, &c.) ثَنَوِىٌّ rel. n. of اِثْنَانِ, and of اِثْنَا عَشَرَ, when either or these is used as the proper name of a man; as also ↓ اِثْنِىٌّ [with ا when connected with a preceding word]; like بِنَوِىٌّ and اِبْنِىٌّ as rel. ns. of اِبْنٌ. (S.) b2: And الثَّنَوِيَّةُ [The Dualists;] the sect who assert the doctrine of Dualism [الاِثْنَيْنِيَّة]. (TA.) ثَنَآءٌ, [and accord. to the CK, ثَنِيَّةٌ, but this is a mistranscription for تَثْنِيَة, inf. n. of ثَنَّى, and تَثْنِيَة is a mistake for تَثْبِيَة, inf. n. of ثَبَّى, (see 4,)] Praise, eulogy, or commendation, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) of a man, (T, M,) and of God: (T:) and dispraise, censure, or discommendation, (T, M, Msb, K,) of a man: (T, M:) or the former only: (M, K:) or more frequently the former: (Msb:) so termed because it is repeated: (Ham p. 696:) that it relates to good speech and evil is asserted by many. (TA.) ثُنَآءُ and ثُنَآءَ: see مَثْنَى.

ثِنَآءٌ The cord, or rope, with which a camel's fore shank and his arm are bound together; (S, K;) and the like; consisting of a folded, or doubled, cord, or rope: each of the folds, or duplicatures, thereof would be thus termed if the word were used in the sing. form: (S:) Ibn-EsSeed [in the CK, erroneously, Ibn-Es-Seedeh] allows it; and therefore it is given as on his authority in the K: (TA:) and Lth allows it; but in this instance he allows what the Arabs do not allow: (T:) you say, عَقَلْتُ البَعِيرَ بِثِنَايَيْنِ, meaning I bound together the fore shanks and the arms of the camel with a rope, (S,) or with two ropes, (M, [but this is probably a mistake of a copyist,]) or with the two ends of a rope; (Az, T, S, M;) without ء because the word has no sing.: (Kh, Sb, T, S:) Lth allows one's saying بِثِنَآءَيْنِ also; but the Basrees and Koofees [in general] agree that it is without ء: (T:) IB says that it has no sing. because it is a single rope, with one end of which one fore leg is bound, and with the other end the other leg; and IAth says the like: (TA:) this rope is also called ↓ ثِنَايَةٌ; but a single rope for binding one fore shank and arm is not thus called. (T.) See also ثِنَايَةٌ. b2: And see ثَانٍ.

A2: The فِنَآء [or court, or open or wide space, in front, or extending from the sides,] (M, K,) of a house: (M:) [in the CK, الغِناءُ is erroneously put for الفِناءُ:] accord. to IJ, from ثَنَى, aor. ـْ because there one is turned back, by its limits, from expatiating; but A'Obeyd holds the ث to be a substitute for ف. (M.) ثَنِىٌّ Shedding his tooth called the ثَنِيَّة [q. v.]: (S, M, Msb:) or that has shed the tooth so called: (T, Mgh:) applied to a camel &c., as follows: (T, S, M, &c.:) or, as some say, to any animal that has shed that tooth, except man: (M:) fem. with ة: (T, S, M, Msb, K:) a camel in the sixth year; (T, S, M, IAth, Mgh, Msb, K;) the least age at which he may be sacrificed: (T:) and a horse in the fourth year; (IAar, T, Mgh, K;) or in the third year: (S, Msb:) and a cloven-hoofed animal, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or a sheep or goat and an animal of the bovine kind, [respecting which last see عَضْبٌ,] (T, IAth, K,) in the third year: (T, S, IAth, Mgh, Msb, K:) or a sheep and a goat, (M,) the latter accord. to the persuasion of Ahmad [Ibn-Hambal], (TA,) in the second year: (M:) and a gazelle after the age at which he is termed جَذَعٌ: (M: [see شَصَرٌ:]) in all cases, after what is termed جَذَعٌ and before what is termed رَبَاعٍ: (Mgh:) pl. (masc., S, TA) ثُنْيَانٌ and ثِنَآءٌ (S, M, Mgh, Msb) and ثُنَآءٌ, and, accord. to Sb, ثُنٍ; (M;) and pl. fem. ثَنِيَّاتٌ. (S.) الثُّنَىُّ, or الثُّنِىُّ: see اِثْنَانِ.

ثَنِيَّةٌ I. q. عَقَبَةٌ: (AA, M, Mgh, K:) or the latter means a long mountain that lies across the road, and which the road traverses; and the former, any such mountain that is traversed: (T:) so called because it lies before the road, and crosses it; or because it turns away him who traverses it: (Mgh:) or the road of what is termed عَقَبَة: (S; and so in copies of the K:) or a high road of what is thus termed: (K accord. to the TA:) or a road in, or upon, a mountain, (M, K,) like that which is termed نَقْبٌ [q. v.]: (M:) or a road to a mountain: (M, K:) or a mountain (M, K) itself: (M:) or a part of a mountain that requires one, in traversing it, to ascend and descend; as though it turned the course of journeying: (Er-Rághib, TA:) pl. ثَنَايَا: (T, S:) which signifies also [such roads as are termed] مَدَارِج. (T.) Hence the phrase, فُلَانٌ طَلَّاعُ الثَّنَايَا Such a one rises to eminences, or to lofty things or circumstances, or to the means of attaining such things; like the phrase طَلَّاعُ أَنْجُدٍ

[q. v.]: (S:) or, like the latter phrase, is accustomed to embark in, or undertake, or to surmount, or master, lofty and difficult things: (Mgh:) or is hardy, strong, or sturdy; one who embarks in, or undertakes, great affairs. (TA. [See an ex. under the heading of اِبْنُ جَلَا, in art. جلو: and see also art. طلع.]) b2: Also, (T, S, M, &c.,) pl. ثَنَايَا (T, S, Mgh, Msb) and ثَنِيَّاتٌ, (Msb,) One of certain teeth, (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) the foremost in the mouth, (M,) [namely, the central incisors,] four in number, (T, M, Mgh, Msb,) to man, and to the camel, (T, M, &c.,) and to the wild beast, (M,) in the fore part of the mouth, (T, Mgh, K,) two above and two below: (T, M, Mgh, K:) so called as being likened to the ثَنِيَّة of a mountain, in form and hardness; (TA;) or because each of them is placed next to its fellow. (Mgh.) A2: Also fem. of ثَنِىٌّ [q. v.]. (T, S, M, &c.) A3: See also ثُنْيَا, in five places.

ثِنَايَةٌ A cord, or rope, of goats' hair (شَعَر), or of wool, (S, K,) or of other material; (K;) as also ↓ ثِنَآءٌ (K) and ↓ مِثْنَاةٌ and ↓ مَثْنَاةٌ; (M, K;) which last is explained by IAar as signifying [simply] a cord, or rope: (M:) [or] the first has the meaning assigned to it above, voce ثِنَآءٌ; syn. with ثِنَايَانِ: and signifies also a long rope; whence the saying of Zuheyr, describing the [she-camel termed] سَانِيَة, تَمْطُو الرِّشَآءَ وَتُجْرِى فِى ثِنَايَتِهَا مِنَ المَحَالَةِ قَبًّا رَائِدًا قَلِقَا (T,) meaning [She draws the well-rope, and causes to run,] with her ثناية upon her, (ISk, T,) [a wabbling, unsteady, sheave (?) of the large pulley;] the ثناية here being a rope of which the two ends are tied to the saddle (قَتَب) of the سانية; the [upper] end of the well-rope being tied to its ↓ مِثْنَاة [which here means the folded middle part]: (T:) but Aboo-Sa'eed says that it [here] means a piece of wood by which are connected the two extremities of the cheeks, or side-pieces, (طرفا الميلين, [the latter of which words I here render conjecturally, supposing it to be similar in meaning to القَعْوِ or القَعْوَيْنِ,]) above the محالة, and a similar piece below; the محالة and [qu. or] the sheave turning between the tow pieces thus called. (T, in a later portion of the art.) ثُنَائِىٌّ [a rel. n. from اِثْنَانِ, anomalously formed, but analogous with other rel. ns. from ns. of number, as رُبَاعِىٌّ ثُلَاثِىٌّ, &c., Of, or relating to, two things]. b2: كَلِمَةٌ ثُنَائِيَّةٌ A word comprising, or composed of, two letters; as يَدٌ, and دُمْ [or دَمٌ?]. (TA.) ثِنْتَانِ a fem of اِثْنَانِ, q. v.

ثَانٍ [act. part. n. of 1; Doubling, or folding; &c.]. Hence, هُوَ ثَانٍ رِجْلَهُ While he was bending his leg before rising, or standing up. (TA from a trad.) [And جَآءَ ثَانِىَ عِطْفِهِ: see art. عطف.] One says of a horseman who has bent the neck of his beast on the occasion of his vehement running, جَآءَ ثَانِىَ العِنَانِ [He came bending the rein by pulling it with both hands a little apart]: (T:) or جَآءَ ثَانِيًا مِنْ عِنَانِهِ [he came bending a part of his rein]. (S.) And of the horse himself, one says, جَآءَ سَابِقًا ثَانِيًا, i. e. He came outstripping, with bent neck, by reason of briskness; because when he is fatigued, he stretches out his neck; and when he is not fatigued nor jaded by running, but comes in his first run, he bends his neck: and hence the saying of the poet, وَمَنْ يَفْخَرْ بِمِثْلِ أَبِى وَجَدِّى

يَجِئْ قَبْلَ السَّوَابِقِ وَهُوَ ثَانِى

i. e. [And he who glories in the like of my father and my grandfather, let him come before the mares that outstrip,] he being like the horse that outstrips [all others], with bent neck; or it may mean, he bending the neck of his horse which has outstripped the others. (T.) [Hence also,] شَاةٌ ثَانِيَةٌ A sheep, or goat, bending the neck, not in consequence of disease. (M, K.) b2: [Also Second; the ordinal of two: fem. with ة.] You say, هٰذَا ثَانِى هٰذَا [This is the second of this]; i. e. this is what has made this a pair, or couple: (M:) and فُلَانٌ (T) or هٰذَا (S) ثَانِى اثْنَيْنِ, (T, S,) i. e. Such a one, or this, is [the second of two, or] one of the two; (T, S;) like as you say ثَالِتُ ثَلَاثَةٍ; and so on to عَشَرَة: but not with tenween: (S:) [i. e.,] you may not say ثانٍ اثْنَيْنِ: (T: [see ثَالِثٌ:]) but if the two [terms] disagree, you may use either mode; (S;) you may say, هٰذَا (S) or هُوَ (Mgh) ثَانِى وَاحِدٍ and ثَانٍ وَاحِدًا, (S, Mgh,) i. e. This has become a second to one, (S,) [or rather, becomes &c. (i. e. يَثْنِى rather than ثَنَى),] or he, or it, makes one, with himself, or itself, to be two. (Mgh.) ↓ ثِنَآء also signifies the same in a trad. respecting the office of commander, or governor, or prince; where it is said, أَوَّلُهَا مَلَامَةٌ وَثِنَاؤُهَا نَدَامَةٌ وَثِلَاثُهَا عَذابُ يَوْمِ القِيَامَةِ إِلَّا مَنْ عَدَلَ, i. e. [The first result thereof is blame, and] the second [is regret, and] the third [is the punishment of the day of resurrection, except in the case of him who acts equitably]: so says Sh. (T.) b3: And الثَّوَانِى [pl. of الثَّانِيَةُ] signifies [The second horns;] the horns that are [next] after the أَوَائِل. (M.) b4: [ثَانِىَ عَشَرَ and ثَانِيَةَ عَشْرَةَ, the former masc. and the latter fem., meaning Twelfth, are subject to the same rules as ثَالِثَ عَشَرَ and its fem., explained in art. ثلث.]

أَثْنَآءٌ pl. of ثِنْىٌ and of اِثْنَانِ: and also syn. with this latter, q. v.

اِثْنِىٌّ: see ثَنَوِىٌّ.

اِثْنَانِ a noun of number; (S, Msb;) applied to the dual number; (Msb;) meaning [Two;] the double of وَاحِدٌ; (M, K;) with a conjunctive ا [when not immediately preceded by a quiescence, written اثْنَانِ]; (T, S, Msb;) but this is sometimes made disjunctive when connected with a preceding word by poetic license: (T, S:) of the masc. gender: (S:) fem. اِثْنَتَانِ, (T, S, Msb,) in which, also, the ا is conjunctive; (T, Msb;) and ↓ ثِنْتَانِ; (T S, M, Msb, K;) the latter sometimes used, (T,) [much less frequently than the former, though the only fem. form mentioned in the M and K,] and of the dial. of Temeem; (Msb;) like as one says, هِىَ ابْنَةُ فُلَانٍ and هِىَ بِنْتُهُ: (T:) the ت in the dual is a substitute for the final radical, ى, (M, TA,) as it is in أَسْنَتُوا, the only other instance of this substitution except in words of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ: (Sb, M, TA:) in اِثْنَانِ, the final radical, ى is suppressed: (Msb:) it has no sing.: (Lth, T:) if it were allowable to assign to it a sing., it would be اِثْنٌ [for the masc.] and اِثْنَةٌ [for the fem.], like اِبْنٌ and اِبْنَةٌ: (S:) accord. to some, (Msb,) it is originally ثِنْىٌ; (T, Msb, CK;) and hence the dual ثِنْتَانِ: (Msb:) or it is originally ثَنَىٌ, (M, Msb, and so in a copy of the K,) the conjunctive ا being then substituted for the ى whence the dual اثْنَانِ, like ابْنَانِ: (Msb:) this is shown by the form of its pl., which is أَثْنَآءٌ, (M, K,) like أَبْنَآءٌ [pl. of ابْنٌ, which is originally بَنَىٌ or بَنَوٌ,] and آخَآءٌ [pl. of أَخٌ, which is originally أَخَوٌ]. (M.) In the saying in the Kur [xvi. 53], لَا تَتَّخِذُوا إِٰلهَيْنِ اثْنَيْنِ [Take not to yourselves two gods], the last word is added as a corroborative. (M.) The phrase ثِنْتَا حَنْظَلٍ occurs, by poetic license, for اِثْنَتَانِ مِنْ حَنْظَلٍ, meaning حَنْظَلَتَانِ [Two colo-cynths]. (S.) You say also, القَدَحِ ↓ شَرِبْتُ أَثْنَآءَ, and شَرِبْتُ اثْنَىْ هٰذَا القَدَحِ, meaning [I drank] twice as much as the bowl, and as this bowl: and in like manner, شَرِبْتُ اثْنَىْ مُدِّ البَصْرَةِ and اثْنَيْنِ بِمُدِّ البَصْرَةِ [I drank twice the quantity of the مُدّ of El-Basrah]. (M.) And a poet says, ↓ فَمَا حُلِبَتْ إِلَّا الثَّلَاثَةَ وَالثُّنَى

وَلَا قُيِّلَتْ إِلَّا قَرِيبًا مَقَالُهَا meaning [And she was not milked save] three vessels and two, [nor was she given her middaydrink save when her midday-resting was near.] (IAar, M.) b2: Hence, (Msb,) يَوْمُ الاِثْنَيْنِ, (S, Msb,) or الاِثْنَانِ alone, (M, K,) One of the days of the week; [the second; namely, Monday;] because the first, with the Arabs, is الأَحَدُ; (M;) as also ↓ الثِّنَى, like إِلَى; (K;) so in the copies of the K; [or,] accord. to some, ↓ الثُّنِىُّ, [originally الثُّنُوىُ,] of the measure فُعُول, like ثُدِىٌّ [pl. of ثَدْىٌ], is used in this sense; (TA;) or ↓ اليَوْمُ الثُّنَىُّ, [so in the M, accord. to the TT,] mentioned by Sb, on the authority of certain of the Arabs: (M:) the pl. is أَثْنَآءٌ and أَثَانِينُ, (M, K,) the latter mentioned on the authority of Th: but it has no dual: and those who say أَثْنَآءٌ form this pl. from الاِثْنُ, although this has not been in use: (M:) or it has neither dual nor pl., (S, Msb,) being itself a dual; (S;) but if you would form a pl. from it, you would regard it as itself a sing., and make its pl. أَثَانِينُ: (S, Msb:) IB says that أَثَانِينُ has not been heard [from the Arabs], and is only mentioned by Fr, on the ground of analogy; that it is far-fetched in respect of analogy; and that the pl. heard is أَثْنَآءٌ: Seer and others mention, as heard from the Arabs, إِنَّهُ لَيَصُومُ الأَثْنَآءَ [Verily he fasts on the Mondays]. (TA.) الثنين in يوم الثنين has no dim. (Sb, S in art. امس.) IJ says that the article ال in الثنين is not redundant, though the word is not an epithet: Abu-l-'Abbás says that the prefixing of the article in this case is allowable because the virtual meaning is اليَوْمُ الثَّانِى [the second day]. (M.) The saying اليَوْمُ الاِثْنَانِ means The name of to-day [is الاثنان]; and is like the saying اليَوْمُ يَوْمَانِ [to-day is two days] and اليَوْمُ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ [to-day is fifteen of the month]. (Sb, M.) Sometimes, يَوْمُ اثْنَيْنِ, without the article ال, occurs in poetry. (M, K.) When a pronoun refers to الاثنان [as meaning Monday], this word may be treated in two ways, [as a sing. and as a dual,] but the more chaste way is to treat it as a sing., as meaning the day: (Msb:) [thus,] Aboo-Ziyád used to say, مَضَى الاِثْنَانِ بِمَا فِيهِ [Monday passed with what occurred in it]; making it sing. and masc.; and thus he did in the case of every day of the week, except that he made الجُمْعَة fem.: Abu-I-Jarráh used to say, مَضَى الاِثْنَانِ بِمَا فِيهِمَا, treating the word as a numeral; and thus he treated the third and fourth and fifth days, saying in each of these cases بِمَا فِيهِنَّ. (M.) b3: [اِثْنَا عَشَرَ, fem. اِثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ; respectively, in a case of nasb and khafd, اِثْنَىْ عَشَرَ and اِثْنَتَىْ عَشْرَةَ; and with ا when not immediately preceded by a quiescence; mean Twelve: see عَشَرَةٌ.]

اِثْنَوِىٌّ, [with ا when not immediately preceded by a quiescence, in the CK erroneously written اَثْنَوِىّ,] One who fasts alone on the second day of the week. (IAar, Th, M, K.) الاِثْنَيْنِيَّةُ [The doctrine of dualism: see ثَنَوِىٌّ]. (TA.) مَثْنَى (S, Mgh) and ↓ ثُنَآءُ (T, S) [Two and two; two and two together; or two at a time and two at a time]: they are imperfectly decl., in like manner as [مَثْلَثُ and] ثُلَاثُ, as explained in art. ثلث; (S, TA;) [because] changed from the original form of اِثْنَانِ اثْنَانِ; (T, Mgh, TA;) or because of their having the quality of epithets and deviating from the original form of اِثْنَانِ; (Sb, S in art. ثلث, q. v.;) or because they deviate from their original as to the letter and the meaning; the original word being changed as above stated, and the meaning being changed to اِثْنَانِ اثْنَانِ. (S ibid.) You say, جَاؤُوا مَثْنَى and ↓ ثُنَآءَ (M, K) or مَثْنَى مَثْنَى, (S,) but this is a repetition of the word only, not of the meaning, (Mgh,) and in like manner one says of women, (M, K, *) i. e. They came two [and] two. (S, M, K.) And it is said in a trad., صَلَاةُ اللَّيْلِ مَثْنَى مَثْنَى, i. e. The prayer of night is two rek'ahs [and] two rek'ahs (رَكْعَتَانِ رَكْعَتَانِ). (TA.) [See also other exs. voce ثُلَاثُ.] b2: مَثْنَى الأَيَادِى The repeating a benefit, or benefaction; or reiterating it; conferring it twice, or thrice; (As, T, K;) or twice, or more than twice: (K:) or the shares remaining of the slaughtered camel (A'Obeyd, T, S, M, K) in the game called المَيْسِر, (A'Obeyd, T, S, K,) which shares a bountiful man used to purchase, and give for food to the أَبْرَام, (A'Obeyd, T, S, M, K,) i. e., those who took no part in the game, not contributing: (M:) or the taking a portion time after time. (AA, T, S, M.) b3: مَثَانٍ [is pl. of مَثْنًى as signifying A place of doubling, or folding &c.: and hence means b4: ] The knees and elbows of a horse or similar beast. (T, K.) b5: And The bends of a valley. (T, K. See ثِنْىٌ.) b6: And, as pl. of مَثْنًى, The chords of the lute that are after the first: (M, K:) or مثنى signifies a chord [of a lute] composed of two twists: or, as some say, the second chord. (Har p. 244. See مَثْلَثٌ.) b7: مَثْنًى also signifies The زِمَام [or noserein] of a she-camel: and Er-Rághib says that the مثناة [i. e. ↓ مَثْنَاة or ↓ مِثْنَاة] is the doubled, or folded, part of the extremity of the زِمَام. (TA.) b8: المَثَانِى as relating to the Kur-án is pl. of مَثْنًى, (Mgh,) or of ↓ مَثْنَاةٌ: (AHeyth, T, Mgh:) it has three applications, accord. to A'Obeyd: (T, Mgh:) it signifies The Kur-án altogether; (A'Obeyd, T, S, M, Mgh, K;) so in the Kur xxxix 24; (A'Obeyd, T, Mgh;) meaning that the mention of reward and punishment is repeated, or reiterated, in it; (Fr, T;) or so called because the verse of mercy is conjoined with that of punishment; (S;) or because narratives and promises and threats are repeated in it; or because one peruses it repeatedly without being wearied: (Mgh:) or it signifies, (M, K,) or signifies also, (A'Obeyd, T, S, Mgh,) [the first chapter, called] the فَاتِحَة, (A'Obeyd, T, S, M, Mgh,) or الحَمْدُ, (K,) which means the same; (TA;) so in the Kur xv. 87; (A'Obeyd, T, Mgh;) because it is repeated, or recited twice, in every [act of prayer termed a] رَكْعَة, (Fr, Zj, AHeyth, T, S,) or with every chapter, (Th, M,) or in every prayer; (Mgh;) or because containing praise of God: (Zj, T, Mgh:) [but see السَّبْعُ المَثَانِى voce سَبْعَةٌ:] or it signifies, (M, K,) or signifies also, (A'Obeyd, T, S, Mgh,) the chapters that are less than those containing a hundred verses, (S, M, Mgh,) or that are less than the long ones (الطُّوَل, q. v.), and less than those containing a hundred verses, (A'Obeyd, T, K, but in [most of] the copies of the K دُونَ المِأَتَيْنِ is put in the place of دُونَ المِئِينَ, which is the right reading, TA,) and more than [those of the portion called] the مُفَصَّل, (A'Obeyd, T, Mgh, K,) as is related on the authority of the Prophet by Ibn-Mes'ood and 'Othmán and Ibn-'Abbás; (AHeyth, T;) because, (Mgh,) or as though, (T,) occupying the second place after those containing a hundred verses: (T, Mgh:) or the chapters, (T, K,) six and twenty in number, (T,) entitled الحَجّ and القَصَص and النَّمْل and النُّور and الأَنْفَال and مَرْيَم and العَنْكَبُوت and الرُّوم and يَاسِين and الفُرْقَان and الحِجْر and الرَّعْد and سَبَا and المَلَائِكَة and إِبْرَاهِيم and صَاد and مُحَمَّد and لُقْمٰن and الغُرَف and المُؤْمِن and الزُّخْرُف and السَّجْدَة and الأَحْقَاف and الجَاثِيَة and الدُّخَان (T, K) and الأَحْزَاب, (K,) which last has been omitted by the copyists of the T: (TA:) or the chapters of which the first is the بَقَرَة, and the last is بَرَآءَة: or what is repeated, of the Kur-án, time after time. (M, K.) مَثْنَاةٌ; pl. مَثَانٍ: see ثِنْىٌ: and ثِنَايَةٌ: and مَثْنًى; the last in two places. b2: It is said in a trad. that one of the signs of the resurrection will be the public reading, or reciting, of the مَثْنَاة, (T, S,) which means That which has been desired to be transcribed from a source other than the Book of God: (T:) or a certain book, (T, K,) [the Mishna,] which the learned men, and the recluses, of the Children of Israel, after Moses, composed after their own desire, from a source other than the Book of God, as A'Obeyd says on the authority of a man learned in the books of the earlier times, (T,) containing the histories of the Children of Israel after Moses, in which they allowed and disallowed what they pleased: (K:) or what is sung: (K:) or what is called in Persian دُو بَيْتِى, (S, K,) which means two verses, each composed of a pair of hemistichs; (TA;) i. e. what is sung; but A'Obeyd explains it otherwise than thus: (S:) it is what is known among the 'Ajam by the term ↓ مَثْنَوِىٌّ, as though this were a rel. n. from مَثْنَاةٌ: the vulgar say [erroneously] ذُو بَيْت, with the pointed ذ. (TA.) مِثْنَاةٌ; pl. مَثَانٍ: see ثِنْىٌ: and ثِنَايَةٌ; the latter in two places: and see also مَثْنًى.

مُثَنًّى [pass. part. n. of 2. b2: Dualized: a dual. b3: مُثَنَّاةٌ فَوْقِيَّةٌ Marked with two points above: an epithet added to تآء to prevent its being mistaken for بآء or ثآء or يآء. And مُثَنَّاةٌ تَحْتِيَّةٌ Marked with two points below: an epithet added to يآء to prevent its being mistaken for بآء or تآء or ثآء.]

b4: الطَّويلُ المُثَنَّى (assumed tropical:) That which passes away [out of sight, or disappears,] by length; mostly used of a thing that is long without breadth. (TA.) مَثْنِىٌّ [pass. part. n. of 1; Doubled or folded &c.] b2: أَرْضٌ مَثْنِيَّةٌ Land, or ground, turned over twice for sowing, or cultivating. (Mgh, and A and TA in art. ثلث.) مَثْنَوِىٌّ: see مَثْنَاةٌ.

مَثْنَوِيَّةٌ: see ثُنْيَا, in four places.