دنق

1 دَنَقَ, aor. ـُ and دَنِقَ, inf. n. دُنُوقٌ, He pursued small, little, or minute, things. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, Z, K. [See also 2.]) [Two other significations assigned to دَنَقَ in the CK and in the Lexicons of Golius and Freytag belong to دَنَّقَ.]2 دنّق, (S, Mgh, TA,) inf. n. تَدْنِيقٌ, (Mgh, K,) He went to the utmost point [in his dealings &c.]: (S, K, TA:) he was minute, observant of small things, nice, or scrupulous: (Mgh:) he examined minutely into his dealings and expenses. (So accord. to an explanation of the act. part. n. in the TA.) Hence the saying, لَا تُدَنَّقُوا فَيُدَنَّقَ عَلَيْكُمْ [Go not ye to the utmost point against others, for in that case the utmost point may be gone to against you]. (S, TA.) And the saying of El-Hasan, (Mgh, TA,) لَعَنَ اللّٰهُ الدَّانَقَ وَ مَنْ دَنَّقَ, (TA,) or وَ مَنْ دَنَّقَ بِهِ, (Mgh,) [May God curse the دانق and him who has been minute, &c., in his dealings, or and him who has been minute, &c., therewith;] as though he meant to forbid the considering and examining a paltry or contemptible thing: (TA:) or, as some relate it, وَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ

أَحْدَثَ الدَّانَقَ [and the first who innovated the دانَق], meaning El-Hajjáj. (Mgh.) b2: [Hence,] تَدْنِيقٌ, metonymically, signifies (tropical:) The being niggardly, stingy, or avaricious. (Az, TA.) b3: Also The continuing to look at a thing; (S, K;) as also تَرْنِيقٌ: [or rather each has this signification elliptically; for] you say, دنّق إِلَيْهِ النَّظَرَ and رنّق [meaning He continued looking at it]. (S.) [See رَنَّقَ.] And in like manner, The looking weakly. (S, TA.) And دنّق بَصَرَهُ He looked hard, and sharply, or intently. (JK.) b4: Also (tropical:) The approaching of the sun to setting. (S, K, TA.) You say, دنّقت الشَّمْسُ (tropical:) The sun became near to setting. (JK, TA. [See also رنّقت.]) b5: And دنّق (tropical:) He (a man) died: (JK, TA:) or (tropical:) he was near to dying; inf. n. as above. (TA.) b6: And دنّقت عَيْنُهُ, (JK, K, TA, [accord. to the CK دَنَقَتْ, which is wrong,]) inf. n. تَدْنِيقٌ, (S, TA,) (tropical:) His eye sank, or became depressed, in his head: (JK, S, K, TA:) or, accord. to Az, the more correct explanation is, the ball, or globe, of his eye became prominent, and apparent. (TA.) b7: And دنّق وَجْهُهُ, (Lth, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, دَنَقَ,]) inf. n. تَدْنِيقٌ, (Lth, TA,) His face exhibited emaciation, arising from fatigue or disease. (Lth, K, TA.) دُنُوقٌ [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned] Persons niggardly, or parsimonious, in expenditure, towards their households (IAar, K, TA) and themselves. (IAar, TA.) دَنِيقٌ One who alights by himself, (TA,) and eats by himself in the daytime, and in the moonlight by night, last the guest should see him: (K, TA:) mentioned by IAar, on the authority of Abu-I-Mekárim: and so كِيصٌ and صُوصٌ. (TA.) دَانَقٌ: see the next paragraph.

دَانِقٌ Foolish; stupid; having little, or no, intellect, or understanding: (K:) and so دَائِقٌ. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) A thief. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA.) b3: Emaciated and falling down, or emaciated and tottering; expl. by مَهْزُولٌ سَاقِطٌ: (AA, S, K:) or falling down, or tottering, (سَاقِطٌ,) by reason of emaciation: (JK:) applied to a man (AA, K) and to a she-camel. (K.) b4: Having a constant, or chronic, disease, and oppressed thereby so as to be at the point of death. (AA, TA.) A2: Also, and ↓ دَانَقَ, (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) the former, accord. to some, the more chaste, arabicized [from the Pers\. دَانْك or دَانَك], (Msb,) and ↓ دَانَاقٌ, (JK, S, K,) like as they said دِرْهَمٌ and دِرْهَامٌ, (S,) [but دَانَاقٌ seems to have been disallowed by Sb, either as unused or as post-classical,] The sixth part of a dirhem (or drachm); (S, Msb, K;) [i. e.] two carats; (Mgh;) [i. e.] two grains of the خُرْنُوب [or carob], with the ancient Greeks, for the dirhem with them was twelve grains of the خرنوب; but the دانق of the Muslims is two grains of the خرنوب and two thirds of a grain of the خرنوب, for the dirhem of the Muslims is sixteen grains of the خرنوب: (Msb:) and the sixth part of the deenár: (TA: [but this I find nowhere else: see دِينَارٌ: and see also رِطْلٌ:]) the pl. of دانق is دَوَانِقُ and دَوَانِيقُ; (Mgh, TA;) the former is said by Az to be pl. of دَانِقٌ; and the latter, of دَانَقٌ; and it is said that every pl. of the measure فَوَاعِلُ or مَفَاعِلُ may be lengthened with ى so that one may say فَوَاعِيلُ and مَفَاعِيلُ: (Msb:) or, accord. to Sb, دَوَانِيقُ is pl. of ↓ دَانَاقٌ, though this be not in their speech. (TA.) [Also A small silver coin, the sixth part of the coin called دِرْهَم.] The dim. is ↓ دُوَيْنِيقٌ. (TA.) دَانَاقٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

دَوَانِقِىٌّ [rel. n. from دَوَانِقُ pl. of دَانِقٌ], (ElMekeen, “Hist. Sarac. ” p. 104,) or دَوَانِيقِىٌّ [rel. n. from دَوَانِيقُ pl. of دَانَاقٌ], (TA,) [Of, or belonging or relating to, dániks: and hence,] a surname of the 'Abbásee Khaleefeh Aboo-Jaáfar El-Mansoor; (El-Mekeen, TA;) because of his extreme niggardliness. (El-Mekeen.) دُوَينِيْقٌ: see دَانِقٌ, last sentence.

مُدَنِّقٌ One who examines minutely into his dealings and expenses: used in this sense by the people of El-'Irák. (TA.) b2: عَيْنٌ مُدَنِّقَةٌ An eye of which the ball, or globe, is prominent, and apparent: so accord. to Az; and Az holds this to be the correct explanation, rather than an eye sunk, or depressed, in the head. (TA.)

كون: كان: (بعد المسند النحوي أو بدونه) حدث سابقاً (معجم الجغرافيا).
كان: في الأشعار العامية نجد كان تبكي بدلاً من كنتَ تبكي وكان هويت (هكذا تقرأ وفقاً لبولانجية ومخطوطتنا رقم 1350) بدلاً من كنت هويتُ (مقدمة ابن خلدون 419:3 و10، 423، 1).
كان: (عند استعمال الحذف البياني) كان في قلوبهم منه، والمقصود الضمني هو الحقد أو ما شابه (معجم أبو الفداء).
كان: (بالحذف أيضاً): فعلوا ما أمروا به (لو صحت عبارة كوسج. كرست 141، 32): قال الأب لبناته: البسن أجمل ملابسكن ... الخ فكنَّ (أي فكن يفعلن ذلك).
كن: حين يعقبها اسم علم تستعمل حين نعتقد أن التقينا شخصاً عن بعد كن أبا زيد (على سبيل المثال) ومعناها: هل هذا أنت يا أبا زيد؟ (الحريري 171).
كان ما كان: حدث سابقاً (بوشر).
كان: خُلِقَ (محيط المحيط، عبد الواحد 6: 33): في يوم الدينونة نود أننا لو نكن كنّا (انتار 29، 12): فقالوا لا كنتَ ولا كان، ولا عمرت بكم أوطان .. وتعني أيضاً الحياة والوجود (معجم الطرائف). ويقال لا كان ولا تكوّن وهي تعني، وفقاً لصاحب محيط المحيط، لا خلق ولا تحرّك وأعتقد أن صيغة تفعّل -أي تكون- قد وردت على سبيل التأكيد على الاتباع، كما يقال (ليته لم يخلق!). ومثل هذا لا كان ولا استكان (كوسج، كرست 14، 6، 7): قال الخليفة لجاريته: هل شربت الليلة خمراً فأجابت كلا .. حين لا تكون هناك ولا أنعم النظر فيك لا أقوى على الشرب.
ومثل هذا كان الشرب ولا استكان: (ليت السماء، في هذه الحالة، لم تخلق الخمر). وفي المرجع نفسه (16، 12 إلى 13): قالت لحبيبها: حكايتك أشجتني ولشدّ ما أشعر به من الألم لما عاناه قلبك بسبب. ومثل ذلك أيضاً كنتُ ولا استكنتُ ومعناها (ليت السماء لم تخلقني) وهكذا ينبغي أن تلفظ، بالضم وليس بالفتح كنتَ ولا استكنتَ ما فعل الناشر.
كان: أقام، سكن واسم المصدر مكان وكينونة (وعلى سبيل المثال) فأعلمتُه مكانَه وكذلك أخبر بمكانه بالأسياف أي أخبروه أن فلاناً يقيم بجانب ساحل البحر (معجم الطرائف).
إن كان: إذا وجب (ألف ليلة رقم 1، 36، 12): (أيها الملك، إن كان ولا بد من قتلي ... الخ).
ما كان لك أن: لا يليق بك أن (معجم البلاذري).
كنتُ: اقتضى مني أن، وجب على .. (ميرسنج 21؛9): كنا ونحن صغار ولا نجلس إلا خلف الحلقة في حَكَمات من هذا النمط: بما اني كنت يافعاً فقد وجب عليّ أن أجلس وراء حلقة الحضور من الرجال ذوي المكانة ممن كانوا جلوساً حولها؛ وفي ألف ليلة وليلة (برسل 333:2 التي اقتبسها مرسنج 28) كنت أشعرتني بهذا الأمر لأوطن نفسي عليه: كان ينبغي أن تخبرني ... الخ.
فما كان ولا هان على أن أسمع بكاها: كان يجب، من كل بد، أن أسمع بكاها (ألف ليلة 86:1، 7).
كائناً فيه ما كان: على كل حال، مهما أو كيفما كان الأمر.
كائناً من كان: عند الحديث عن شخص.
كائناً ما كان أو كائنة ما كانت عند الحديث عن الشيء.
وكذلك يمكننا حذف كائنة كقولنا دابة ما كانت: أي حيوان مهما كان (معجم الطرائف).
أي من كان يكون: أياً كان.
إيش ما كان يكون: مهما كانت (للشيء).
كان بخير: كان في حالة جيدة (بدرون 64، 4).
كان بالمنزلة: أشغل محلاً، قام بخدمة أو بمنصب ال .. (كليلة ودمنة 10: 283). كان على: كان له الحكم المقاطعة أو المدينة أو الحكومة (معجم بدرون).
كان على أن: قارب أو أوشك أن، كان على وشك (معجم البلاذري).
كن في نفسك: ليشف ما بك ولتعد إليك قواك وأجهد في أن تتغلب على أحزانك (هذا ما بدا لي من معناه وفي ذلك يقول كارتاس (10:120) لما رأيت أنهم كانوا يبكون بحرقة حين علموا رأيت أنهم كانوا يبكون بحرقة حين علموا بموت المهدي عبد المؤمن قلت لهم: لقد رحل الإمام إلى السماء وسيلقى هناك خيراً مما تركه فكونوا في أنفسكم وانظروا فيمن تولونه أمركم.
خبر كان: لقد تفرع من هذه الصيغة النحوية التي هي مسند الفعل كان تعابير مثل أصبح في خبر كان أي اختفى وأدخله في خبر كان أي أخفاه (معجم ابن جبير).
كان وكان (فريتاج): تصنيف شعري اخترعه أهل بغداد، نشأ اسمه من التحولات الآتية: في البدء كانت هناك حكايات مقفاة تبدأ بكلمة كان وأعقب ذلك الحكم والأمثال والقواعد الخلقية في الشعر، وأغاني الغزل ... الخ. أن الكان وكان قصيدة ذات أربعة اشطر (لذلك سميت القصيدة الرباعي- ألف ليلة، برسل 185:1، 4) تكون فيها القافية في الشطر الرابع فقط دون بقية الأبيات والحرف الذي تصاغ منه ينبغي أن يسبق بالأحرف الضعيفة أي أ، و، ي. ثم إن القواعد النحوية لا تراعى كثيراً في هذه القطع الشعرية.
عالم التكوين: عالم ما تحت القمر أي عالم الأرض (هكذا ترجمها السيد دي سلان حين وردت في المقدمة ابن خلدون 173:1، 3) وأضاف إليها: أنه العالم الذي تشكلت فيه المخلوقات من مادة سابقة للوجود.
تكوين: صك: كفالة، تعهد (انظره في كان يكين) (روجرز 175، 5 و178).
تكوين: لم يتحرك، جمد، ثبت (أي عكس معناه الذي سبقه) وقد أورد المقري مثلاً لذلك في الجزء الثاني ص66، 18): فملأ الساقي قدحاً من إبريق فبقيت على فم الإبريق نقطة من الراح قد تكونت ولم تقطر.
استكان (انظرها في كان): كون: تأمل في التعابير الآتية: الفتاة الجميلة هي من كانت مشرقة اللون، مليحة الكون (ألف ليلة وليلة رقم 83:1، 7) اصفرّ لوني، تغيّر كوني (المرجع السابق 87، 12).
الكون: الكنز الفائق للطبيعة، كنز الله غير المرئي (دي ساسي جريدة العلما 1829 ص481 ابن بطوطة 47:1 و242:2 و157:3 و222:4 والمقري 593:1، 13؛ وانظر اسم الجمع الأكوان في البربرية 287:1، 7، 416، 7).
نقطة الأكوان: (المقري 1، 570، 6) لا أدري كيف تترجم.
كون أنّ: حيث أن، بما أن، من جراء (بوشر، ابن الشحنة 64): فخرج إلى الرصافة كون إنها في البرية؛ (دي ساسي كريست2: مملوك 1:1، 44):عدّ نفسه غريباً في قصر السلطان لكونه لم يجد له خداش: أي لأنه لو يكن صديقاً لهذا الأمير.
كونه: بسبب (ألف ليلة رقم 1؛88، 12).
اش كون: من، أي رجل؟ (البربرية).
كون: (تركية) جلد البقرة (بوشر).
بكونٍة، كونة: صريحاً، صراحةً، شكلياً، قطعاً (الكالا formalamente) .
كونة، بِكونة: معركة (بوشر).
كينونة. كينونة ومسكن وسيرة (وباللاتينية conversatio) .
كيان: طبيعة، طبع، سليقة، جبلّة. جوهر، ذات، ماهية، كنه. ولها نفس المعنى في السريانية: لو أن جوبيتر أو مارس عارضا ما أردت خانهما الكيان أي فاقت قدرتهما حيث لاحظ دي ساسي (105): (وَفقاً لشرح التبريزي) الكيان هو حالة الإنسان ووضعه، جبلّته وحين تتغير هذه الحالة يقال فسد كيانه أي تتغير حاله. ويضيف (حين استمع أبو إسحاق الكندي إلى أبيات أبي تمام قال: لن يمتد العمر به طويلاً وحين سئل عن السبب قال لأنه تحمل على كيانه أي فوق طاقته) وفي مقدمة ابن خلدون 197:3، 12: الأجسام بدأت من عالم الأرواح ولم تستطع هذه أن تهتدي إلى الأجسام وتتحول إليها إلاّ لما أصابها حر الكيان.
سمعُ الكيان: أصغى الجسد وهي باللاتينية physica auscultatio؛ ( ارسطو، والاسكندر الافروديسي ورازيس .. الخ وضعوا مؤلفاتهم بهذا العنوان) (عبد الواحد 175، 7 ومحيط المحيط- سمعُ الكيان كتاب المعجم ألفه ارسطو في مبادئ الطبيعة- وحاجي خليفة 619:3 وابن العوام 37:1).
كائنة: وجمعها كوائن الحادثة (ابن جبير 19:76 و77، 6).
نهار الكائنة: أيام الخطر (دوماس 155).
تكوين سفر التكوين: أول أسفار موسى الخمسة والمولدين يستعملون التكوين بمعنى الصورة والهيئة ويجمعونه على تكاوين (محيط المحيط ص799).
تكاوين: اسمع جمع بمعنى الصورة أو الهيئة (انظر ما سبق).
مكان وجمعها أمكُن (وفي الفصل 3: 78): مكاكين (فوك).
مكانك: فيها حذف ومعناها قف مكانك اقعد وهي قريبة المعنى من رويدك: انتظر تمالك نفسه (معجم الطرائف).
مكانه: حالاً، تواً (معجم الطرائف).
مكاناً: من قَبِلَ، قليلاً، قبلاً، آنفاً (معجم الطرائف).
مكان: منزلة عظيمة، مميزة أو عالية (عبد الواحد 5: 83): وكان ابن عمار في الشطرنج طبقة عالية فأخبره بمكانه منه (كوسج كرست 6: 52): كان من الورع والدين بمكان (البربرية 183:1، 1) وكان لبنيه بها ذكر وفي فقهاء قرطبة مكان.
مكان: جدارة، قيمة (عباد 324:1، 15): وجعل يطري ابن عكاشة ويذكر حسن بلائه، وينبه على مكانه من الدولة وغنائه.
مكان: قطعة (من الحيوان) ومثال ذلك: سأل القصاب أن يعطيه من الشاة مكاناً آثر أخذه (معجم الجغرافيا).
لمكان مثل لكون: بسبب (كليلة ودمنة 4: 194): كالتاجر الذي عطف على سارق لمكان امرأته (البربرية 557:2، 12): فأوعز إلى عامل سبتة بالتقبض عليه لمكان ما يونس -كذا المترجم- من ترشيحه.
لمكانه مثل لكونه: بسبب (البربرية 340:2، 6): كان للخليفة ابن عم لقبوه بالصغير لمكانه هو من هذا الاسم: لأن الآخر كان يحمل الاسم نفسه.
بمكانه: لهذا السبب (غالباً ما ترد في معجم البربرية انظر مثالً لذلك في الجزء الثاني 560، 5)

قد

1 قَدَّهُ, aor. ـُ (S, M, O, L, Msb,) inf. n. قَدٌّ; (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K;) and ↓ قدّدهُ, (M, L,) [but this app. has an intensive signification, or denotes repetition of the action, or its relation to several objects,] inf. n. تَقْدِيدٌ; (L, K;) and ↓ اقتدّهُ, (M, L,) inf. n. اِقْتِدَادٌ; (K;) He cut it in an enlongated form; or lengthwise: (IDrd, M, L, K:) or slit, split, clave, rent, or divided, it, (namely, a thong, &c., S, O, L, and a garment, or piece of cloth, L,) lengthwise: (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K:) and he cut it off entirely: (M, L, K:) or he cut it, or cut it off, in an absolute sense: (TA:) he cut it, namely, a skin: and he rent it, namely, a garment, or piece of cloth, or the like. (L.) One says, ضَرَبَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ فَقَدَّهُ بِنِصْفَيْنِ [He smote him with the sword and clave him in halves,] (L, Msb, *) or قَدَّهُ نِصْفَيْنِ. (A.) And قَدَّ القَلَمَ وَقَطَّهُ [He slit the writing-reed, and nibbed it, or cut off its point breadthwise, or crosswise]: (A, TA:) [for] قَطَّهُ is opposed to قَدَّهُ: (S and TA in art. قط:) and both of these verbs occur in a trad. describing 'Alee's different modes of cutting [with the sword] when contracting himself and when stretching himself up. (TA.) b2: And [hence] قَدَّ, (S, M, A, L,) inf. n. قَدٌّ, (M, L, K,) (tropical:) He clave, cut through by journeying, or passed through, the desert, (S, M, A, O, L, K,) and the night. (M, L) b3: and قَدَّ بِهِ الطَّرِيقُ, (so in a copy of the M,) or قَدَّتْهُ الطَّرِيقُ, (so in the L and TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M, L, TA,) i. q. قَطَعَهُ (M) or قَطَعَتْهُ (L, TA) (tropical:) [The road cut him off, app. from his companions, or from the object of his journey: compare قَطَعَ بِهِ and قُطِعَ بِهِ]. b4: And قَدَّ الكَلَامَ, (M, L,) inf. n. as above, (M, L, K,) i. q. قَطَعَهُ (M, L, K *) and شَقَّهُ (M, L) [both of which explanations may here mean, as قَطَعَ الكَلَامَ generally does, (assumed tropical:) He cut short, or broke off, the speech; or ceased from speaking: or both may here mean, as قَطَعَ الكَلَامَ sometimes does, he articulated speech, or the speech: compare this latter rendering with an explanation of شَقَّقَ الكَلَامَ]. b5: [قَدَّهُ also signifies He cut it out, or shaped it, in any manner, whether lengthwise or otherwise; like قَتَّهُ: see this latter, and a verse cited as an ex. of its inf. n.: and see also a saying near the end of the first paragraph of art. فرى. Hence] قُدَّ فُلَانٌ قَدَّ السَّيْفِ [Such a one was shaped with the shaping of the sword] means (tropical:) such a one was made goodly, or beautiful, in respect of التَّقْطِيع [i. e. conformation, or proportion, &c., like as is the sword]. (S, O, L, TA.) [See also قَدٌّ, below.] b6: And قُدّ means also (assumed tropical:) He suffered a pain [app. what may be termed a cutting pain] in the belly, called قُدَاد. (M, L, K.) 2 قَدَّّ see 1, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] قدّد, (as implied in the L,) or قدّد اللَّحْمَ, (A, O, *) inf. n. تَقْدِيدٌ, (O, L,) He made قَدِيد [i. e. he cut flesh-meat into strips, or oblong pieces, and spread them in the sun, or salted them and spread them in the sun, to dry]. (L.) A2: قدّد عَلَيهِ, said of a garment, It fitted him, or suited him, in size and length. (L, from a trad.) 4 اقدّ عَلَيْهِ, said of food, (assumed tropical:) It occasioned him a pain in the belly, termed قُدَاد. (IKtt, TA.) 5 تَقَدَّّ see 7. b2: تقدّد said of a garment, or piece of cloth, It was, or became, much slit or rent. or ragged, or tattered, (O, K, TA,) and old and worn out. (TA.) b3: And, said of flesh-meat, quasi-pass. of 2, [i. e. It was, or became, cut into strips, or oblong pieces, and spread in the sun, or salted and spread in the sun, and so dried.]. (O.) b4: And, said of a company of men (قَوْمٌ), It became separated (S, M, O, L, K) into قِدَد [or parties, &c., pl. of قِدَّةٌ, q. v.]. (M, L.) b5: Also, said of a thing, (TA,) [perhaps from the same v. said of flesh-meat,] It was, or became, dry; or it dried, or dried up. (K, TA.) b6: And تقدّدت said of a she-camel, She became somewhat lean (O, K) after having been fat: (O:) or she became fat, (TA,) or began to become fat, after having been lean. (K, TA.) 7 انقدّ, (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K,) and ↓ تقدّد, (M, L, K,) [but the latter app. has an intensive signification, or is said of a number of things,] the former said of a skin, and of a garment, or piece of cloth, (A,) not said of aught except some such thing as a bag for travelling-provisions and for goods or utensils &c., and such as clothing, (O,) It became cut in an elongated form; or lengthwise: (L, K:) or became slit, split, cloven, rent, or divided, lengthwise: (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K:) or became cut off entirely: (M, L, K:) or became cut, or cut off. (TA.) 8 إِقْتَدَ3َ see 1, first sentence. b2: اقتدّ الأُمُورَ means (tropical:) He considered the affairs, forcasting their issues, or results, and discriminated them: (S, O, K:) or he devised the affairs, and considered what would be their issues, or results. (M.) 10 استقدّ (tropical:) It contained, or continued in one manner, or state. (Ibn-'Abbád, A, O, K,) لَهُ to him. (A.) And (assumed tropical:) It (an affair, TA) was, or became, uniform, or even in its tenour. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA.) And استقدّت الإِبِلُ (assumed tropical:) The camels went on undeviatingly, in one course, way, or manner: (O, K:) so says AA. (O.) قَدْ is a noun and a particle: (S, O, Mughnee, K:) and as a noun it is used in two ways. (Mughnee, K.) b2: (I) It is a noun syn. with حَسْبُ; (S, O, Mughnee, K;) generally used indeclinably; (Mughnee, K;) thus accord. to the Basrees; with the د quiescent; (TA;) because resembling قَدْ the particle in respect of the letters composing it, and many other particles in respect of its form, (Mughnee, TA,) such as عَنْ and بَلْ &c.: (TA:) one says, قَدْ زَيْدٍ دِرْهَمٌ [The sufficiency of Zeyd (i. e. what is sufficient for Zeyd) is a dirhem], (Mughnee, K,) with the د quiescent; (Mughnee, * K, * TA;) and قَدِى (S, O) and قَدْنِى (S, O, Mughnee) [both] meaning حَسْبِى [My sufficiency (i. e. what is sufficient for me)]; (S, O;) the ن in قَدْنِى being inserted in order to preserve the quiescence [of the final letter of the noun] because this is the original characteristic of what they make indeclinable; (Mughnee;) but the insertion of the ن in this case is anomalous, for it is [by rule] only added in verbs, by way of precaution, [to prevent the confusion of the pronominal affix of the verb and that of the noun,] as in ضَرَبَنِى: (S, O:) [see, however, in the next sentence, an explanation of قَدْنِى accord. to which the ن is inserted regularly:] accord. to Yaakoob, using قَدْ in the sense of حَسْبُ, one says, مَا لَكَ عِنْدِى إِلَّا هٰذَا فَقَدْ i. e. فَقَطْ [There is nothing for thee with me, or nothing due to thee in my possession, except this, and it is a thing sufficient, or it is enough, فَقَطْ being held to signify properly فَحَسْبُ, but it is commonly used as meaning and no more]; and he asserts it [i. e. قَدْ] to be a substitute [for قَطْ]: (M:) and it is also used declinably; (Mughnee, K;) thus accord. to the Koofees; (TA;) but this is rare: (Mughnee:) one says قَدُ زَيْدٍ, making it marfooa, (Mughnee, K,) like as one says حَسْبُهُ; and قَدِى without ن [as mentioned above,] like as one says حَسْبِى. (Mughnee.) b3: (2) It is also a verbal noun, syn. with يَكْفِى: one says, قَدْ زَيْدًا دِرْهَمٌ [A dirhem suffices, or will suffice, Zeyd], and قَدْنِى دِرْهَمٌ [A dirhem suffices, or will suffice, me]; (Mughnee, K;) like as one says يَكْفِى زَيْدًا دِرْهَمٌ, and يَكْفِيْنِى دِرْهَمٌ. (Mughnee, K. *) A2: As a particle, it is used peculiarly with a verb, (Mughnee, K,) [i. e.] as such it is not preposed to anything except a verb, (S, O,) either a pret. or an aor. , (TA,) from which it is not separated unless by an oath, (Mughnee,) such as is perfectly inflected, enunciative, (Mughnee, K,) not an imperative, (TA,) affirmative, and free from anything that would render it mejzoom or man-soob, and from what is termed حَرْف تَنْفِيس [i. e.

سَوْفُ and its variants]: and it has six meanings. (Mughnee, K.) b2: (1) It denotes expectation: (M, Mughnee, K:) and when it is with an aor. , this is evident; (Mughnee;) one says قَدْ يَقْدَمُ الغَائِبُ, (Mughnee, K,) meaning It is expected that the absent will come: (TA:) and most affirm that it is thus used with a pret.: (Mughnee:) accord. to some, (M,) it is used in reply to the saying لَمَّا يَفْعَلْ [i. e. “ He has not yet done ” such a thing, which implies expectation that he would do it]; (S, M, O;) the reply being, قَدْفَعَلَ [Already he has done the thing]: (M:) and Kh asserts that it is used in reply to persons expecting information; (S, M, * O, Mughnee;) [for to such] you say, قَدْ مَاتَ فَلَانٌ [Already such a one has died]; but if one inform him who does not expect it, he does not say thus, but he says [merely] مَاتَ فُلَانٌ: (S, O:) thus some say قَدْ رَكِبَ الأَمِيرُ [Already the commander has mounted his horse] to him who expects his mounting: some, however, disallow that قَدْ is used to denote expectation with the pret. because the pret. denotes what is already past; and hence it appears that those who affirm it to be so used mean that the pret. denotes what was expected before the information: (Mughnee: [in which it is added, with some other observations, that, in the opinion of its author, it does not denote expectation even with the aor. ; because the saying يَقْدَمُ الغَئِبُ denotes expectation without قَدْ:]) MF says, What we have been orally taught by the sheykhs in ElAndalus is this, that it is a particle denoting the affirmation of truth, or certainty, when it occurs before a pret., and a particle denoting expectation when it occurs before a future. (TA.) b3: (2) It denotes the nearness of the past to the present: (O, Mughnee, K:) so in the saying قَدْ قَامَ زَيْدٌ [Zeyd has just, or just now, stood; a meaning often intended by saying merely, has stood]; (Mughnee, K;) for this phrase without قد may mean the near past and the remote past; (Mughnee;) and so in the saying of the muëdhdhin, قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ [The time of the rising to prayer has just come, or simply has come]: (O:) [and, when thus used, it is often immediately preceded by the pret. or aor. of the verb كَانَ; thus you say, كَانَ قَدْ ذَهَبَ He had just, or simply had, gone away; and يَكُونُ قَدْ ذَهَبَ He will, or shall, have just, or simply have gone away:] and accord. to the Basrees, except Akh, it must be either expressed or understood immediately before a pret. used as a denotative of state; as in [the saying in the Kur ii. 247,] وَمَا لَنَا أَلَّا نُقَاتِلُ فِى سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ وَقَدْ أُخْرِجْنَا مِنْ دِيَارِنَا وَأَبْنَائِنَا [And what reason have we that we should not fight in the cause of God when we have been expelled from our abodes and our children?]; and in [the saying in the Kur iv. 92,] أَوْ جَاؤُوكُمْ حَصِرَتْ صُدُورُهُمْ أنْ يُقَاتِلُوكَمْ [Or who come to you, their bosoms being contracted so that they are incapable of fighting you, or their bosoms shrinking from fighting you]; but the Koofees and Akh says that this is not required, because of the frequent occurrence of the pret. as a denotative of state without قَدْ, and [because] the primary rule is that there should be no meaning, or making, anything to be understood, more especially in the case of that which is in frequent use: (Mughnee:) Sb [however] does not allow the use of the pret. as a denotative of state without قَدْ; and he makes حصرت صدورهم to be an imprecation [meaning may their bosoms become contracted]: (S in art. حصر; in which art. in the present work see more on this subject:) and the inceptive لَ is prefixed to it like of the saying, إِنَّ زَيْدًا لَقَدْ قَامَ [Verily Zeyd has just stood, or has stood]; because the primary rule is that it is to be prefixed to the noun, and it is prefixed to the aor. because it resembles the noun, and when the pret. denotes a time near to the present it resembles the aor. and therefore it is allowable to prefix it thereto. (Mughnee.) [See also the two sentences next after what is mentioned below as the sixth meaning.] b4: (3) It denotes rareness, or paucity; (Mughnee, K;) either of the act signified by the verb, (Mughnee,) as in [the saying], قَدْ يَصْدُقُ الكَذُوبُ [In some few instances the habitual liar speaks truth]; (Mughnee, K;) or of what is dependent upon that act, as in [the saying in the Kur xxiv. last verse,] قَدْ يَعْلَمُ مَا

أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ [as though] meaning أَنَّ مَا هُمْ عَلَيْهِ هُوَ

أَقَلُّ مَعْلُومَاتِهِ [so that it should be rendered At least He knoweth that state of conduct and mind to which ye are conforming yourselves]: but some assert that in these exs. and the like thereof it denotes the affirmation of truth, or certainty; [as will be shown hereafter;] and that the denoting of rareness, or paucity, in the former ex. is not inferred from قَدْ, but from the saying الكَذُوبُ يَصْدُقٌ. (Mughnee.) b5: (4) It denotes frequency; (Mughnee, K;) [i. e.] sometimes (S, O) it is used as syn. with رُبَّمَا [as denoting frequency, as well as with رُبَّمَا in the contr. sense, mentioned in the next preceding sentence]: (S, M, O:) thus in the saying (S, M, O, Mughnee, K) of the Hudhalee, (M, Mughnee,) or 'Abeed Ibn-El-Abras, (IB, TA,) قَدْ أَتْرُكُ القِرْنَ مُصْفَرًّا أَنَامِلُهُ [Often I leave the antagonist having his fingers' ends become yellow]. (S, M, O, Mughnee, K.) b6: (5) It denotes the affirmation of truth, or certainty: thus in [the saying in the Kur xci. 9,] قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ زَكَّاهَا [Verily, or certainly, or indeed, or really, he prospereth, or will prosper, who purifieth it; (namely, his soul;) each pret. here occupying the place of a mejzoom aor. ]: (Mughnee, K:) and thus accord. to some in [the saying in the Kur xxiv. last verse, of which another explanation has been given above,] قَدْ يَعْلَمُ مَا أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ [Verily, or certainly, &c., He knoweth that state of conduct and mind to which ye are conforming yourselves]. (Mughnee.) b7: (6) It denotes negation, (Mughnee, K,) accord. to ISd, (Mughnee,) occupying the place of مَا, (M,) in the saying, قَدْ كُنْتَ فِى خَيْرٍ فَتَعْرِفَهُ, (M, Mughnee, K,) with تعرف mansoob, [as though meaning Thou wast not in prosperity, that thou shouldst know it,] (Mughnee, K,) heard from one of the chaste in speech: (M:) but this is strange. (Mughnee.) b8: [When it is used to denote the nearness of the past to the present, as appears to be indicated by the context in the O,] قَدْ may be separated from the verb by an oath; as in قَدْ وَاللّٰهِ أَحْسَنْتَ [Thou hast, by God, done well] and قَدْ لَعَمْرِى بِتُّ سَاهِرًا [I have, by my life, or by my religion, passed the night sleepless]. (O, Mughnee. [In the latter, this and what here next follows are mentioned before the explanations of the meanings of the particle; probably because the meaning in these cases can hardly be mistaken.]) And the verb may be suppressed after it, (M, * O, Mughnee,) when its meaning is apprehended, (O,) or because of an indication; (Mughnee;) as in the saying of En-Nábighah (M, O, Mughnee) Edh-Dhubyánee, (O,) أَفِدَ التَّرَحُّلُ غَيْرَ أَنَّ رِكَابَنَا لَمَّا تَزُلْ بِرِحَالِنَا وَكَأَنْ قَدِ [The time of departure has drawn near, though the camels that we ride have not left with our utensils and apparatus for travelling, but it is as though they had (left)]; meaning كَأَنْ قَدْ زَالَتْ. (M, O, Mughnee.) b9: If you make قَدْ an اِسْم [i. e. a subst. or a proper name], you characterize it by teshdeed: therefore you say, كَتَبْتُ قَدًّا حَسَنَةً [I wrote a beautiful قد]; and so you do in the case of كَىْ and هُوَ and لَوْ; because these words have no indication of what is deficient in them [supposing them to be originally of three radical letters], therefore it is requisite to add to the last letter of each what is of the same kind as it, and this is incorporated into it: but not in the case of ا; for in this case you add ء; thus if you name a man لَا, or مَا, and then add at the end of it ا, you make it ء; for you make the second ا movent, and ا when movent becomes ء: (S, O:) so says J, [and Sgh has followed him in the O,] and such is the opinion of Akh and of a number of the grammarians of El-Basrah [and of El-Koofeh (MF)], and F has quoted this passage in the B and left it uncontradicted: but IB says, (TA,) [and after him F in the K,] this is a mistake: that only is characterized by teshdeed of which the last letter is infirm: you say, for هُوَ, (IB, K,) used as the name of a man, (IB,) هُوٌّ, (IB, K,) and for لَوْ you say لَوٌّ, and for فِى you say فِىٌّ; (IB;) and such is characterized by teshdeed only in order that the word may not be reduced to one letter on account of the quiescence of the infirm letter [which would disappear] with tenween [as it does in دَمٌ and يَدٌ &c.]: (K:) but as to قَدْ, if you use it as a name, you say قَدٌ; (IB, K;) and for مَنْ you say مَنٌ, and for عَنْ you say عَنٌ; (K;) like يَدٌ (IB, K) and دَمٌ &c.: (K:) F, however, [following IB,] is wrong in calling J's statement a mistake; though the rule given by him [and IB] is generally preferred. (MF, TA.) قَدٌّ The skin of a lamb or kid: (M, A, L, Msb, K:) or [only] of a kid: (S, O, L:) or, accord. to IDrd, a small skin, but of what kind he does not say: (M, L:) pl. (of pauc., S) أَقُدٌّ and (of mult., S) قِدَادٌ (ISk, S, M, L, Msb, K) and [of pauc. also] أَقِدَّةٌ, which is extr. (M, L.) Hence the saying, ↓ فُلَانٌ مَا يَعْرِفُ القَدَّ مِنَ القِدِّ Such a one knows not the skin of a lamb, or kid, from the thong. (A.) And hence, (O, K,) it is said in a prov., (S, M, A, O,) مَا يَجْمَلُ قَدَّكَ إِلَى أَدِيمِكَ (S, M, A, O, K) What approximates thy skin of a lamb, or kid, to thy hide [of a full-grown beast]? meaning, accord. to Th, (assumed tropical:) what makes the great to be like the little? (M: [or the little to be like the great?]) or meaning what induces thee to make thy small affair [appear] great? (S:) or what approximates thy small [affair] to thy great? (O, K:) applied to him who transgresses his proper limit; (M, O, K;) and to him who compares the contemptible with the noble. (O, K.) b2: See also قِدٌّ, in two places.

A2: Also (assumed tropical:) The measure, quantity, size, or bulk, (M, L, Msb, K,) of a thing: (M, L:) (tropical:) the conformation, or proportion, syn. تَقْطِيع, (S, M, A, O, L, K,) of a thing, (M, L,) or of a young woman, (A,) or of a man: (K:) (tropical:) the stature, syn. قَامَة, (S, A, O, L, K,) of a man: (K:) (assumed tropical:) his justness of form, or symmetry: (M, L, K:) and (assumed tropical:) his figure, person, or whole body: (M, L:) pl. [of pauc.] أَقُدٌّ (M, L, K) and أَقِدَّةٌ, (K,) which is extr., (TA,) and [of mult.] قُدُودٌ (M, L, K) and قِدَادٌ. (K.) One says, هٰذَا عَلَى قَدِّ ذَاكَ (assumed tropical:) This is equal in measure, quantity, size, or bulk, to that; is like that. (Msb.) And شَىْءٌ حَسَنُ القَدِّ (assumed tropical:) A thing goodly, or beautiful, in respect of conformation, or proportion. (L.) And جَارِيَةٌ حَسَنَةُ القَدِّ (tropical:) A young woman goodly, or beautiful, in respect of stature, and of conformation, or proportion. (A.) And غُلَامٌ حَسَنُ القَدِّ (assumed tropical:) A young man goodly, or beautiful, in respect of justness of form, or symmetry, and in person, or the whole of his body. (M, L.) A3: See, again, قِدٌّ.

A4: By the phrase يَا وَيْلَ قَدٍّ, addressed to Mikdád, in a verse of Jereer, is meant يَا وَيْلَ مِقْدَادٍ [O, woe to thee Mikdád]; the poet restricting himself to some of the letters [of the name]: an instance [more obviously] of a similar kind is سَلَّام used by El-Hoteiäh for سُلَيْمَان. (O.) قُدٌّ A certain marine fish, (O, K,) the eating of which is said to increase [the faculty of] الجِمَاع. (O.) قِدٌّ A thing that is مَقْدُود [i. e. cut in an elongated form, &c.]. (M, L.) b2: [And hence] A thong cut from an untanned skin, (S, M, * A, O, * L, Msb, K,) with which sandals or shoes are sewed, (M, * L, Msb,) and with which a captive is bound; (A;) pl. أَقُدٌّ: (S, O, L:) and [as a coll. gen. n.] thongs, cut from an untanned skin, with which camels' saddles and [the vehicles called]

مَحَامِل are bound: (M, L:) and ↓ قِدَّةٌ [of which the pl. is قِدَدٌ] is a more special term, (S, O, L,) signifying a single thong of this kind. (K.) See an ex. voce قَدٌّ. b3: And (hence, L) A whip; (O, L, K;) as also ↓ قَدٌّ. (K.) Thus in the trad., لَقَابُ قَوْسِ أَحَدِكُمْ وَمَوْضِعُ قِدِّهِ فِى الجَنَّةِ خَيْرٌ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَمَا فِيهَا, (O, * L,) or ↓ قَدِّهِ, (K,) i. e. Verily the space that would be occupied by the bow of any one of you, and the place that would be occupied by his whip, in Paradise, are better than the present [sublunary] world and what is in it: or قِدّه may here have the meaning next following. (L.) b4: A sandal; because cut in an elongated form from the skin: (O, L:) or a sandal not stripped of the hair, in order that it may be more pliant. (IAar, O, L.) b5: And A vessel of skin. (S, O, K.) One says, مَا لَهُ قِدٌّ وَلَا قِحْفٌ He has not a vessel of skin nor a vessel of wood: (S, O, M:) or a skin nor a fragment of a drinking-cup or bowl. (M.) b6: شَدِيدُ القِدِّ occurs in a trad. as some relate it, meaning Having a strong bowstring: but accord. to others, it is ↓ شَدِيدُ القَدِّ, meaning strong in pulling the bow. (L.) قِدَّةٌ: see قِدٌّ. b2: Also A piece of a thing. (M, L.) b3: And hence, (M,) A party, division, sect, or distinct body or class, of men, holding some particular tenet, or body of tenets, creed, opinion, or opinions, (S, M, O, L, Msb, K,) accord. to some, (Msb,) of whom each has his own, (S, O, L, K,) or of which each has its own, (Msb,) erroneous opinion: (S, O, L, Msb, K:) pl. قِدَدٌ. (Msb.) Hence, كُنَّا طَرَائِقَ قِدَدًا, (S, L, O, K,) in the Kur [lxxii. 11], (L, O,) said by the Jinn, (Fr, L,) We were parties, or sects, differing in their erroneous opinions, or in their desires: (Fr, O, L, K:) or separate [sects]; Muslims and not Muslims: (Zj:) or diverse, or discordant, or various, sects; Muslims and unbelievers. (Jel.) And one says, صَارَ القَوْمُ قِدَدًا The people became divided, or different, in their states, or conditions, and their desires, or erroneous opinions. (L.) قَدَادٌ The hedge-hog: b2: and The jerboa. (O, K.) قُدَادٌ A pain [app. what may be termed a cutting pain] in the belly. (S, M, O, L, K.) حَبَنًا وَقُدَادًا is a form of imprecation, meaning [May God inflict upon thee] dropsy, and a pain in the belly. (L.) قَدِيدٌ, (S, M, O, L, K,) or لَحْمٌ قَدِيدٌ, (Msb,) Flesh-meat cut into strips, or oblong pieces: (M, L, K:) or cut, (M,) or cut into oblong pieces, and spread, or spread in the sun, to dry: (M, L, K:) or salted, and dried in the sun: (L:) i. q. لَحْمٌ مُقَدَّدٌ: (S, O, L:) قَدِيدٌ is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (L.) b2: ثَوْبٌ قَدِيدٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, [slit, or rent, and] old and worn out. (S, O, L, K.) قُدَيْدٌ A small مِسْح [or garment of thick, or coarse, hair-cloth], (M, * K, * TA,) such as is worn by persons of low condition. (TA.) قَدِيدِيُّونَ, (IAth, O, K, TA,) thus accord. as a trad., in which it occurs is related, (IAth, TA,) not to be pronounced with damm, (K,) or, as some say, it is [قُدَيْدِيُّونَ, i. e.] with damm to the ق and fet-h to the [first] د, (IAth, TA,) and thus in the handwriting of Z in the “ Fáïk,” (O,) [and thus I find it in a copy of the A,] The followers of an army, consisting of handicraftsmen, (A, IAth, O, K, TA,) such as the repairer of cracked wooden bowls, and the farrier, (O, K, TA,) and the blacksmith: (O, TA:) of the dial. of the people of Syria: as though they were called by the former appellation because of the tattered state of their clothing; (O;) or by the latter as though, by reason of their low condition, they wore the small مِسْح called قُدَيْد; or from التَّقَدُّدُ, because they disperse themselves in the provinces on account of need, and because of the tattered state of their clothing; and the diminutive form denotes mean estimation of their condition: (IAth, TA:) a man (IAth, O, TA) of them (O) is reviled by its being said to him يَا قَدِيدىُّ (IAth, O, TA) and يا قُدَيْدِىُّ: (IAth, TA:) and it is commonly used in the language of the Persians also. (O.) قَيْدُودٌ A she-camel long in the back: (O, K:) but this is said to be derived from القَوْدُ, like الكَيْنُونَةُ from الكَوْنُ: (L:) [see art. قود:] pl. قَيَادِيدُ. (K. [In the O the pl. is written قَنَادِيدُ.]) مَقَدٌّ (tropical:) A road: (A, K, TA:) because it is cut: so in the phrase مَفَازَةٌ مُسْتَقِيمَةُ المَقَدِّ (tropical:) [A desert, or waterless desert, whereof the road is straight, or direct]. (A, TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) The rima vulvæ of a woman. (M, L.) b3: (assumed tropical:) The part of the back of the neck that is between the ears. (K, L.) [A dial. var. of, or a mistake for, مَقَذٌّ.]) b4: And i. q. قَاعٌ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) An even, or a plain, place. (S, M, O, L.) مِقَدٌّ, like مِدَقٌّ [in measure], (K, [in a copy of the M, erroneously, مَقَدّ,]) or ↓ مِقَدَّةٌ, (L,) The iron instrument with which skin is cut (يُقَدُّ). (L, * K, * TA.) مِقَدَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَقَدِّىٌّ Wine of El-Makadd, a town of the region of the Jordan, (K,) or, as is said in the Marásid and the Moajam, near Adhri'át, in the Howrán; (TA;) wrongly said by J to be without teshdeed to the د, for the wine called مَقَدَىٌّ is different from that called مَقَدِّىٌّ: (K:) or it is wine boiled until it is reduced to half its original quantity; likened to a thing that is divided (قُدَّ) in halves; so accord. to Rejá Ibn-Selemeh, and in the Nh and Ghareebeyn; and sometimes it is pronounced without teshdeed to the د. (TA.)

بخر

1 بَخَرَتِ القِدْرُ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) or ـَ (K,) inf. n. بَخْرٌ (Msb, K) and بُخَارٌ, (TA,) The cooking-pot sent up fume, vapour, steam, or an exhalation. (Msb, K. *) A2: بَخِرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. بَخَرٌ, (TA,) He had a stinking mouth [or breath; he exhaled a stinking, or fetid, odour from his mouth]. (S, L, K.) You say, بَخِرَتٌ عَلَيْنَا She exhaled a stinking, or fetid, odour upon us from her mouth. (A. [But in my copy of that work, and in the TA, it is erroneously written بَخَرَتْ.]) And بَخِرَ الفَمُ, aor. and inf. n. as above, The mouth stank; exhaled a stinking, or fetid, odour. (Msb.) [See بَخَرٌ, below.]2 بخّرت She perfumed [or rather fumigated her own or another's person or clothes &c. with بَخُور]. (A.) 4 ابخرهُ It (a thing) caused him to have a stinking mouth [or breath]. (K, * TA.) 5 تبخّر (S, K, &c.) He fumigated himself with perfume or the like; (TA;) with بَخُور. (S, A, K.) One says, فُلَانٌ يَتَبَخَّرُ وَ يَبَخْتَرُ [Such a one fumigates himself with perfume, and walks with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of his body from side to side]. (A.) بَخَرٌ Stench, or fetor, of the mouth [or breath] (S, A, K) &c.: (AHn, K:) and any odour that rises and diffuses itself, (K, TA,) whether stinking or not; as also ↓ بُخَارٌ. (TA.) بُخَارٌ [Fume, vapour, steam, or exhalation;] what rises from water, like smoke; (S;) any fume (K, TA) that rises and diffuses itself (TA) from what is hot, (K, TA,) or from hot water; (TA;) anything that rises and diffuses itself from hot water or from damp earth: pl. أَبْخِرَةٌ and بُخَارَاتٌ. (Msb.) b2: Also The stench of a noiseless emission of wind from the anus. (TA.) b3: See also بَخَرٌ.

بَخُورٌ Incense, or a substance for fumigation; syn. دُخْنَةٌ; (Msb;) that with which one fumigates himself: (S, A, Msb, K:) aloes-wood used for that purpose. (TA in art. قتر.) b2: بَخُورُ مَرْيَمَ [Arthanita, or sow-bread; the common cyclamen; also called الوَلْفُ; the latter name, accord. to Golius, on the authority of Zeyn El-'Attár, given to it by the Syrians;] a certain plant, (K,) originally called عَرْطَنِيثَا; hot; dry; (TA;) having the property of clearing the complexion, or skin; aperient; diuretic; (K;) laxative; (TA;) and very useful: (K:) it is a laxative when used in the form of a suppository, or applied as a liniment below the navel. (TA.) أَبْخَرُ Having a stinking mouth [or breath]: (S, Msb, K:) fem. بَخْرَآءُ: and pl. بُخْرٌ. (Msb.) مَبْخَرَةٌ A thing that occasions one's knowing, or inferring, or suspecting, stench, or fetor, of the mouth [or breath; a cause of stench, or fetor, of the mouth or breath]: such is said to be the sleeping between daybreak and sunrise, or in the first part of the day. (TA.) مِبْخَرَةٌ A vessel for fumigation; a censer; syn. مِجْمَرَةٌ [q. v.: pl. مَبَاخِرُ]. (Msb in art. جمر.) مُبَخَّرٌ A garment perfumed [or rather fumigated with perfume]. (A.) مَبْخُورٌ [Affected by the fumes of wine &c.; or] affected with pain and headache occasioned by wine, or with the remains of intoxication. (IAar, K.)