فصــل
1 فَصَــلَ, (
S,
M,
O,
Msb,
K,)
aor. ـِ
inf. n. فَصْــلٌ, (
M,
Msb,
K,) He separated, or divided, (
S,
O,
Msb,
K,) and put apart, (
Msb,) a thing, (
S,
O,
Msb, *) عَنْ غَيْرِهِ [from another thing], (
Msb,) and بَعْضَهُ مِنْ بَعْضٍ [or عَنْ بَعْضٍ i. e. part thereof from part]. (
M and
TA in art. ميز.) And (
K,) He made a separation, or partition, (
M,
K,
TA,) بَيْنَهُمَا (
M,
TA *) i. e. between them two, meaning, two things, making it known that the former had come to an end: so says
Er-Rághib: (
TA:) and
فَصَــلَ الحَدُّ بَيْنَ الأَرْضَيْنِ, [
aor. and]
inf. n. as above, The limit, or boundary, made, or formed, a separation between the two lands: (
Msb:) and
فَصَــلْتُ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ I made a division, or separation, between, or among, the people, or party. (
O.)
b2: [Hence,]
فَصَــلَ الرّضِيعَ عَنْ أُمِّهِ, (
S,
Mgh,
O,) or المَوْلُودَ (
M,
K) عَنِ الرَّضَاعِ, (
M,)
aor. as above, (
M,
K,)
inf. n. فِصَــالٌ, (
S,
O,) or
فَصْــلٌ, and the former is a simple
subst., (
M,
K,) or both, (
Mgh,) He weaned [the suckling from his mother, or the young infant from sucking the breast]; (
S,
M,
Mgh,
O,
K;) as also ↓ افتصلهُ: (
S,
M, O:) or
فَصَــلَتِ المَرْأَةُ رَضِيعَهَا,
inf. n. فَصْــلٌ, and
فِصَــالٌ is the
subst., the woman weaned her suckling. (
Msb.)
b3: Hence also, i. e. from
فَصَــلَ as first
expl. above,
فَصْــلُ الخُصُومَاتِ The deciding of litigations, altercations, or disputes: like
فَصْــلُ الخِطَابِ: (
Msb:) or this latter means distinct, or plain speech; which he to whom it is addressed distinctly, or plainly, understands; which is not confused, or dubious, to him: (
Ksh in explanation of it in the
Kur xxxviii. 19, and
Mgh:) or such as decides, or distinguishes, between what is true and what is false, (
Ksh ibid.,
Mgh,
O,
K,) and what is sound and what is corrupt, (
Ksh,
Mgh,) and what is correct and what is erroneous: (
Ksh:) or such as decides the judgment, or judicial sentence: (
Er-Rághib,
TA:) or the evidence, or proof, that is obligatory [as a condition of his justification] upon the claimant, or plaintiff, and the oath that is obligatory [in like manner] upon him against whom the claim, or plaint, is urged; (
Ksh,
O,
K; [an explanation of which a part is dropped in the
CK;]) thus
accord. to 'Alee: (
Ksh:) or the [using of the] phrase أَمَّا بَعْدُ. (
Ksh,
O,
K. [Respecting this phrase, and for other explanations, see 3 in art خطب.]) كَلِمَةُ الـ
ـفَصْــلِ in the
Kur xlii. 20 means The sentence of God's deciding between mankind on the day of resurrection, (
O,) which is called يَوْمُ الـ
ـفَصْــلِ. (
TA.) And الـ
ـفَصْــلُ [alone] means The deciding judicially between what is true and what is false; (
M,
O,
K;) and, (
O,
K,) sometimes, (
O,) so ↓ الفَيْصَلُ; (
S,
O,
K;) or this latter is [a simple subst, i. e.,] a name for such decision; (
TA;) and is also an
epithet [
expl. below]. (
M,
O,
K.) هٰذَا يَوْمُ الدِّينِ هٰذَا يَوْمُ الْـ
ـفَصْــلِ, in the
Kur xxxvii. 20 and 21, means [This is the day of requital:] this is the day wherein a decision, or a distinction, shall be made (يُـ
ـفْصَــلُ فِيهِ) between the doer of good and the doer of evil, and every one shall be requited for his work and with that wherewith God will favour his servant the Muslim. (
M.) And إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ يَـ
ـفْصِــلُ بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِيمَا كَانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ, in the
Kur xxxii. 25, means [Verily thy Lord] He shall decide [between them], and distinguish what is true from what is false, [on the day of resurrection,] by distinguishing the speaker of what is true from the speaker of what is false, in respect of that wherein they used to disagree, of what concerned religion. (
Bd.) And one says also
فَصَــلَ الحُكْمَ [He decided the judgment, or judicial sentence]. (
M.)
فَصَــلَ النَّظْمَ, in the
K, is a mistake: see 2. (
TA.)
A2: فَصَــلَ مِنَ النَّاحِيَةِ, (
S,
O,) or مِنْ البَلَدِ (
K,) or عَنْ بَلَدِكَذَا,
aor. ـُ (
M,)
inf. n. فُصُــولٌ, (
M,
K,) He went forth [from the part of the country, or from the town or country, or from such a town or country]. (
S,
O,
K.) And
فَصَــلَ العَسْكَرُ عَنِ البَلَدِ [The army went forth from the town or country]: whence the saying of the Prophet respecting Ibn-Rawáhah, كَانَ أَوَّلَنَا
فُصُــولًا وَآخِرُنَاقُفُولًا i. e. He was the first of us in going away (↓ اِنْـ
ـفِصَــالًا) from his house and his family and the last of us in returning to [it and] them. (
Mgh.) And
فَصَــلَ فُلَانٌ مِنْ عِنْدِى,
inf. n. فُصُــولٌ, Such a one went forth [from my presence or vicinage, or from me]. (
TA.) And
فَصَــلَ مِنِّى
كِتَابُ إِلَيْهِ [A letter] passed from me to him. (
TA.) Thus the verb is intrans, as well as
trans.; its
inf. n. when it is trans, being
فَصْــلٌ; when
intrans.,
فُصُــولٌ. (
TA.)
b2: And
فَصَــلَ الكَرْمُ The vine put forth small grapes, resembling lentils or a grain similar thereto. (
M,
K.) 2
فصّــل النَّظْمَ, (
M,
TA,) thus correctly, with teshdeed, bat in the
K فَصَــلَ, like نَصَرَ, (
TA,) [
inf. n. تَـ
ـفْصِــيلٌ,] He put between every two of the strung beads [or pearls] a bead such as is termed فَاصِلَةٌ [
q. v., or what is described
voce مُـ
ـفَصّــلٌ as an
epithet applied to a necklace]. (
M,
K,
TA.)
b2: And
فصّــلتُ الشّىْءَ
inf. n. تَـ
ـفْصِــيلٌ, I made the thing to consist of distinct portions or sections. (
Msb.)
b3: And
فصّــل الشّاةَ, (
inf. n. as above,
TA.) He (a butcher) divided the sheep, or goal, into limbs, or members. (
S,
O,
TA.)
b4: [Hence
فصّــل means also He cut a piece of cloth for a garment: and he cut out a garment:
b5: whence تَـ
ـفْصِــيلٌ means The cut of a garment (See also De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., see. ed., i. 86-7.)]
b6: and [hence, likewise,] تَـ
ـفْصِــيلٌ also signifies [The dissecting, or analyzing, of speech, or language: the explaining distinctly, or in detail: and] the making distinct, clear, plain, manifest, or perspicuous;
i. q. تَبْيِينٌ. (
S,
O,
K.)
فَصَّــلْنَاهُ in the
Kur vii.
50 [referring to the book of the
Kur an] meansبيّنَّاهُ [Which we have made distinct, &c.]: or, as some say, whereof we have divided the verses by means of the فَوَاصِل [
pl. of فَاصِلةٌ,
q. v.]. (
TA.) 3 فَاْصَلَ فاصل شَرِيكَهُ, (
S,
K,
TA,)
inf. n. مُفَاصَلَةٌ, (
TA,) He separated himself from his partner, with the latter's concurrence;
syn. بَايَنَهُ, (
K,
TA,) and فَارَزَهُ. (
S and O and
K in art. فرز.) 7 انـ
ـفصــل It became separated, or divided, (
S,
M,
O,
Msb,
K,) and put apart (
Msb.)
b2: [and He went forth, or away; like the
intrans. فَصَــلَ.] See 1, near the end.
8 إِفْتَصَلَ see 1, former half.
b2: افتصل النَّخْلَةَ عَنْ مَوْضِعِهَا He transplanted the palm-tree. (
AHn,
M,
K.) A man of Hejer [which is famous for its dates] said that the best of palm-trees is that of which the young one has been removed from its place of growth, which young one is called ↓
فَصْــلَةٌ. (
TA.)
فَصْــلٌ
inf. n. of the
trans. v. فَصَــلَ [
q. v. passim]. (
M,
Msb,
K,
TA.) [
As a simple
subst., it has various significations here following: and is]
sing. of
فُصُــولٌ. (
S, O.)
b2: A separation, division, or partition, between two things. (
M,
K.)
b3: The place of the مَـ
ـفْصِــل [i. e. joint, or articulation, and therefore of the division, of two bones] of the body: between every one such and another [that is the next to it] is a وِصْل [or limb, in the
CK, erroneously, وَصْل]. (
Lth,
O,
K.) See also مَـ
ـفْصِــلٌ.
b4: As used by the Basrees, [in grammar,] it is [A disconnective] like عِمَادٌ as used by the Koofees: (
O,
K:) thus in the saying in the
Kur [viii. 32], إنْ كَانَ هٰذَا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ [
lit. If this, it, be the truth from Thee], هو is termed
فصــل and عماد, [more commonly the former,] and الحقّ is in the
accus. case as being the predicate of كان. (
O.)
b5: Also
sing. of
فُصُــول in the phrase
فُصُــولُ السَّنَةِ [The four divisions of the year: namely autumn, winter, spring, and summer],
expl. in art. زمن. (
Msb: see زَمَنٌ.)
b6: And A division, or section, of a باب [or chapter]; as being divided from others, or as forming a division between itself and others, so that it has the meaning of the measure مَفْعُولٌ or that of the measure فَاعِلٌ. (
MF,
TA.)
b7: And The
contr. of أَصْلٌ [as denoting relationship]: there are أُصُول of relationship and
فُصُــول thereof; [the former meaning the stocks and] the latter meaning the branches. (
Msb. [See also other explanations of
فَصْــلٌ as opposed to أصْلٌ under the latter of these words ;)
A2: [It is also used as an
epithet;] One say (??)
فَصْــلٌ A true say or saying: (
M,
K;) not false: thus in the
Kur [lxxxvi. 15]: (
M.) or (??) there means distinguishing between what is true and what is false: and relates to the
Kur án [itself]. (
Ksh,
Bd,
Jel.) And it is said of the speech of the Prophet that it was
فَصَــلٌ لَانَزْرٌ وَلَا هَذَرٌ, (
O,
TA, but in the latter هَذْرٌ [to assimilate it in form to نَزْرٌ],) meaning Distinct, (
O,
TA,) clear, or plain, distinguishing between what is true and what is false; (
TA;) not little are much. (
O.)
A3: And A general طَاعُون [i. e. plague or pestilence] (
TA.)
فَصْــلَةٌ A transplanted palm-tree; (
AHn,
M,
K;) a young palm-tree removed from its place of growth [meaning from its mother-tree]:
pl. فَصَــلَاتٌ. (
TA.) See 8.
فِصَــالٌ an
inf. n., (
S,
Mgh,
O,) or a simple
subst., (
M,
Msb,
K,) The weaning of a sucking infant. (
S,
M,
Mgh,
O,
Msb,
K.) It is said in the
Kur [xlvi. 14], وَحَمْلُهُ وَـ
ـفِصَــالُهُ ثَلَاثُونَ شَهْرًا, (
O,
TA,) meaning And the period of the bearing of him in the womb and thenceforward to the end of the time of the weaning of him is thirty months. (
TA.) And one says, هٰذَا زَمَنُ
فِصَــالِهِ This is the time of the weaning of him. (
Msb.)
فصِــيلٌ A young camel when weaned from his mother: (
S,
M,
Mgh, *
O,
K,
TA:) and some times such a young one of the bovine kind: (
TA:) [and by a proleptic application,] a young camel [in a general sense], because he is, or will be, weaned from his mother: (
Msb:) [in the
T,
voce حُوَارٌ, and in other lexicons &c., it is applied to a young, newly-born, camel: and in the
L,
voce سُخْدٌ, to a fœtus in a she-camel's belly: see an
ex. of its meaning a young sucking camel (one of many such exs.) in the first paragraph of art. رجل; and a strange similar usage of the first of the following pls. in a verse cited
voce خَسْفٌ:] the
pl. is
فُصْــلَانٌ, (
Sb,
S,
M,
Mgh,
O,
Msb,
K,) agreeably with rule, (
Sb,
M,) and
فِصْــلَانٌ, (
Sb,
Fr,
M,
Msb,
K,) formed by likening the
sing. to غُرَابٌ, of which غِرْبَانٌ is a
pl., (
Sb,
M,) and
فِصَــالٌ, (
Sb,
S,
M,
Msb,
K,) as though it were an
epithet, (
Sb,
M,
Msb,) like كَرِيمٌ, of which كِرَامٌ, is a
pl.: (
Msb:) and the female is termed
فَصِــيلَةٌ. (
M,
K.)
b2: Also A حَائِط [or wall of enclosure], (
M,
O,
K,) having little height, (
O,
K,) before, or in front of, a fortress; (
M,
K;) or (
K) before, or in front of, the [main] wall of a city or town. (
O,
K.) One says, وَثَّقُوا سُورَ المَدِينَةِ بِكِبَاشٍ
وَـ
ـفَصِــيلٍ [They strengthened the wall of the city by means of buttresses and a low wall in front of it]. (
TA.)
b3: And A piece of stone; of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (
TA.)
فَصِــيلَةٌ A piece of the flesh of the فَخِذ [or thigh]: (
Hr,
IAth,
O,
K,
TA:) or,
accord. to
Th, (
O, in the
K “ and ”) a piece of the limbs, or members, of the body. (
O,
K,
TA.)
b2: and A man's nearer, or nearest, رَهْط (
S,
M,
O,
K) and عَشِيرَة (
M,
K) [i. e. kinsfolk, or sub-tribe, &c.]: or [some] of the nearest of the عَشِيرَة of a man: from the first of the significations mentioned in this paragraph: (
IAth,
TA:) it signifies less than the فَخِذ: (
Mgh,
Msb:) or less than the قَبِيلَة: (
TA:) [see شَعْبٌ in two places:] or the nearest to him of the آبَآء [meaning male ancestors and including paternal uncles] of a man: (
Th,
M,
K,
TA:) [or any one of such persons; for] El-'Abbás [one of Mohammad's paternal uncles] was called
فَصِــيلَةُ النَّبِيِّ: the term is like the مَـ
ـفْصِــل in relation to the human foot. (
TA.) جَاؤُوا بِـ
ـفَصِــيلَتِهِمْ means They came, all of them, or all together. (
S, O.)
فَصَّــالٌ and
epithet applied to a man, (
O,) Who praises men much in order that they may bestow upon him: an adventitious, not indigenous, word: (
O,
K:) [and] loquacious in every place. (
MA.) فَاصِلٌ [as an
act. part. n.] Separating; dividing; or making a separation, or partition. (
Msb.)
b2: It is said in a
trad., مَنْ أَنْفَقَ نَفَقَةً فَاصِلَةً
فِى سَبِيل اللّٰهِ فَهِىَ بِسَبْعِمِائَة ضِعَفٍ, (
S, *
O,
K, *) meaning [Whoso expends expense] such as distinguishes between his belief and his unbelief [i. e. such as distinguishes him as a believer, it shall be rewarded with seven hundred fold]: (
S,
O,
K,
TA:) or, as some say, such as he cuts off from his property. (
TA.) And one says كَلَامٌ فَاصِلٌ (
K and
TA in art. فرز) and ↓ فَيْصَلٌ (A ibid.)
i. q. فَارِزٌ (O and
K, and
TA ibid.) i. e. Discriminating language. (
TA ibid.) And حُكْمٌ فَاصِلٌ and ↓ فَيْصَلٌ [A judgment, or judicial sentence, that is decisive, and therefore meaning,] that has effect; and in like manner, ↓ حُكُومَةٌ فَيْصَلٌ: and ↓ طَعْنَةٌ فَيْصَلٌ [An act of piercing or thrusting with a spear or the like] that decides between the two antagonists. (
M,
K,
TA.)
As an
epithet applied to God, الفَاصِلُ means The Decider between the خَلْق [i. e. the human race, or these and other created beings,] on the day of resurrection. (
Zj,
TA.) فَيْصَلٌ: see 1, near the middle. It also signifies A cut, or severance, (
O,
TA,) such as is complete, (
TA,) between two persons. (
O,
TA.)
b2: and it is also an
epithet: see فَاصِلٌ, in four places.
b3: And [hence] it signifies (assumed
tropical:) A judge, one who decides judicially, an arbiter, or arbitrator; (
S,
O,
K;) and so ↓ فَيْصَلِىٌّ: (Ibn-'Abbád,
O,
K:) in the
Expos. of the “ Miftáh ” [of Es-Sekkákee] by the seyyid [El-Jurjánee] it is implied that it is in this sense a
tropical intensive appellation. (
TA.) فَاصِلَةٌ A bead [or a bead of gold or a gem] that forms a separation, or division, between the pair of [other] beads [i. e. between every two other beads] in a string thereof. (
M,
K. [See also مُـ
ـفَصَّــلٌ.])
b2: And [hence] فَوَاصِلُ, of which it is the
sing., (assumed
tropical:) The final words of the verses of the
Kur-án, (
O,
K,) and of the clauses of rhyming prose [in general], (
Msb and
K and
TA in art. سجع,) that are like the rhymes of verses; (O and
K in the present art., and
Msb and
TA in art. سجع;) and [the final words] of verses. (
TA in art. سجع.) فَيْصَلِىٌّ: see فَيْصَلٌ.
مَـ
ـفْصِــلٌ Any place of meeting [or juncture, as being a place of separation,] of two bones of the body and limbs or members; as also ↓
فَصْــلٌ: (
M,
K:) a single one of the مَفَاصِل of the limbs or members: (
S,
O,
Msb,
K:) [a joint such as the elbow and knee and knuckle: and sometimes a joint as meaning a bone having an articulation at each end, or at one end, together with the flesh that is upon it:] in a
trad. in which it is said that the mulct for any مَـ
ـفْصِــل of a human being is the third of the mulct for the [whole] finger, it means the مَـ
ـفْصِــل of any of the fingers or toes; i. e. the portion between any أَنْمَلَتَانِ [here meaning two knuckles; but this is a loose and an imperfect explanation; for to it should be added, and also the ungual portion, or portion in which is the nail; for the word is here applied to denote any of the phalanges with the flesh that is upon it: in the
T &c., in art. نمل, one of the explanations of الأَنْمَلَةُ is “ the مَـ
ـفْصِــل in which is the nail ”]. (
TA.)
b2: And [hence] one says, يَأْتِيكَ بِالأَمْرِ مِنْ مَـ
ـفْصِــلِهِ (assumed
tropical:) [He will tell thee the thing, or affair, tracing it from the point on which it turns, or hinges; (like as one says, مِنْ
فَصِّــهِ,
q. v.;) or], from its utmost point or particular, i. e., مُنْتَهَاهُ. (
Msb.) [This saying may be originally a hemistich, thus: وَيَأْتِيكَ بِالأَمْرِ مِنْ مَـ
ـفْصِــلِهْ like the similar saying ending with
فَصِّــهِ.]
b3: In the following saying of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, [the former half of which I give from art. طفل in the
S, the latter half only being cited in the present art. in the
S and
M and
O,] وَإِنَّ حَدِيثًا مِنْكِ لَوْ تَبْذُلِينَهُ جَنَى النَّحْلِ فِى أَلْبَانِ عُوذٍ مَطَافِلِ مَطَافِيلَ أَبْكَارٍ حَدِيثٍ نِتَاجُهَا تُشَابُ بِمَآءٍ مِثْلِ مَآءِ المَفَاصِلِ [And verily discourse from thee, if thou wouldst bestow it, would be (like) gathered honey of bees in the milk (
lit. milks) of camels such as have recently brought forth, having young ones with them, such as have young ones with them [and] that have brought forth but once, whose bringing forth has been recent, such milk being mixed with water like the water of the مفاصل], المَفَاصِل (which is
pl. of مَـ
ـفْصِــلٌ,
S, O) signifies (
accord. to
As,
S, O) the place of separation (↓ مُنْـ
ـفَصَــل) of the mountain from the tract of sand, these two having between them crushed and small pebbles, so that the water thereof is clear, (
S,
M,
O,) and glistens, (وَيَبْرُقُ,
S,
O,) or and is shallow; (وَيَرِقُّ;) the poet meaning to describe the clearness of the water because of its descending from the mountain and not passing by dust nor earth: (
M:) or it signifies hard stones (
M,
K) compactly disposed, or heaped up: (
M,
K: in the former, مُتَرَاصِفَة: in the latter, مُتَرَاكِمَة:) and (
M,
K) it is said to signify (
M) what is between two mountains, (
M,
K,) consisting of sand and crushed pebbles, the water whereof is clear: (
K:) or,
accord. to
AO, the water-courses of a valley: (
O:)
accord. to Abu-l-'Omeythil, the clefts in mountains, from which water flows; and only said of what are between two mountains: in the
T, the مَـ
ـفْصِــل is said to be any place, in a mountain, upon which the sun does not rise: (
TA:) and it is said that مَآءُ المَفَاصِلِ means what flows from between the two joints (مِنْ بَيْنِ المَـ
ـفْصِــلَيْنِ) when one of them is cut from the other; like clear water; and the
sing. is مَـ
ـفْصِــلٌ: (
M:)
AA says that the مفاصل in the verse are the مفاصل of the bones; and that it likens that water to the مآء of the flesh: (
O,
TA:) and
IAar says the like thereof. (
TA.) المِـ
ـفْصَــلٌ (assumed
tropical:) The tongue; (
S,
M,
O,
Msb,
K;) as being likened to an instrument. (
Msb.) عِقْدٌ مُـ
ـفَصَّــلٌ A necklace between every two pearls [or other beads] of which is put a bead [of another kind], (
S,
O,
TA,) or a شَذْرَة [or bead of gold, &c.], or a gem, to form a division between every two of the same colour, or sort. (
TA.)
b2: آيَاتٍ مُـ
ـفَصَّــلَاتٍ, in the
Kur [vii. 130] means [Signs, or miracles,] between every two whereof was made a separation by a period of delay: or which were made distinct, plain, or manifest. (
TA.)
b3: And المُـ
ـفَصَّــلُ is an appellation of The portion of the
Kur-án from [the chapter entitled] الحُجُرَات [i. e. ch. xlix.] to the end;
accord. to the most correct opinion: or from الجَاثِيَة [ch. xlv.]: or from القِتَال [ch. xlvii.]: or from قَاف [ch. l.]: or from الصَّافَّات [ch. xxxvii.]: or from الصَّفّ [ch. lxi.]: or from تَبَارَكَ [ch. lxvii.]: or from إِنَّا فَتَحْنَا [ch. xlviii.]: or from سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ [ch. lxxxvii.]: or from الضُّحَى [ch. xciii.]: (
K:) this portion is thus called because of its many divisions between its chapters: (
Msb,
K:) or because of the few abrogations therein: (
K:)
accord. to the
A, it is the portion next after that called المَثَانِى. (
TA.) مُنْـ
ـفَصَــلٌ: see مَـ
ـفْصِــلٌ, latter half.
