سنه
1 سَنِهَ see 5, in two places.
3 سانههُ,
inf. n. مُسَانَهَةٌ and سِنَاهٌ; and سَاناهُ,
inf. n. مُسَانَاةٌ; (
K;) or عَامَلَهُ مُسُانَهَةً, and مُسَانَاةً; (
Msb;) He made an engagement, or a contract, with him for work or the like, by the year: (
K:) and اِسْتَأْجَرْتُهُ مُسَانَهَةً, and مُسَانَاةً, [I hired him by the year:] (
S:) مُسَانَهَةٌ and مُسَانَاةٌ from السَّنَةُ are like مُعَاوَمَةٌ from العَامُ, and مُشَاهَرَةٌ from الشَّهْرُ, and مُرَابَعَةٌ from الرَّبِيعُ, &c. (
TA in art. ربع.)
b2: سانهت النَّخْلَةُ The palm-tree bore one year and not another; (
As,
K;) as also عَاوَمَت. (
As,
TA.) 4 أَسْنَهَ In this form of the verb, the final radical letter is changed into ت, so that they say أَسْنَتُوا, meaning They experienced drought, or barrenness. (
TA. [See also art. سنت.]) 5 تَسَنَّهْتُ عِنْدَهُ, (
S,) and تَسَنَّيْتُ عنده, (
S,
Msb,) I remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, with him, or at his abode, a year: (
Msb:) both signify the same. (
TA.) [See also 5 in art. سنو and سنى.]
b2: تسنّهت النَّخْلَةُ (assumed
tropical:) The palm-tree underwent the lapse of years; (
S,
Msb;) as also ↓ سَنِهَت: (
S:) and in like manner one says of other things. (
Msb.)
b3: تسنّه said of food and of beverage, (
Fr,
S,
TA,) (assumed
tropical:) It became altered [for the worse]; as also ↓ سَنِهَ,
aor. ـَ
inf. n. سَنَهٌ: (
TA:) or it became altered [for the worse] by the lapse of years: (
Fr,
S,
TA:) and التَّسَنُّهُ in relation to bread and beverage &c. means the becoming mouldy, or musty, or spoiled. (
S: and so in some copies of the
K and in the
TA: in other copies of the
K, السَّنِهُ, like كَتِف, is put in the place of التَّسَنُّهُ; and المُتَكَرِّجُ in the place of the explanation التَّكَرُّجُ.) فَانْظُرْ إِلَى طَعَامِكَ وَشَرَابِكَ لَمْ يَتَسَنَّهْ, in the
Kur [ii. 261], means (assumed
tropical:) [But look at thy food and thy beverage,] it has not become altered [for the worse] by the lapse of years: (
Fr,
S,
TA:)
Az says that this is the right way of reading, by pronouncing the ه in يتسنّه in pausing after it and in continuing without pausing:
Ks used to suppress the ه in the latter case and to pronounce it in the former: and Aboo-'Amr EshSheybánee says that the original form [of يَتَسَنَّ] is يَتَسَنَّنْ; the like change being made in it as is made in تَظَنَّيْتُ [for تَظَنَّنْتُ] and in قَصَّيَتُ أَظْفَارِى
[for قَصَّصْتُ اظفارى]. (
TA. [See also 5 in art. سنو and سنى, last sentence.]) سَنَةٌ a word of which the final radical letter is rejected, (
S,
Msb,) and of which there are two
dial. vars., (
Msb,) being,
accord. to some, originally سَنْهَةٌ, (
S,
Msb,) like جَبْهَةٌ (
S) or سَجْدَةٌ, (
Msb,) and accord to others, سَنْوةٌ, (
S, *
Msb,) like شَهْوَةٌ, and upon each of these originals are founded modifications of the word, (
Msb,) therefore it is mentioned in the
K [and
S and other lexicons] in the present art. and again in art. سنو, (
TA,) A year;
syn. حَوْلٌ; (
Msb;) or عَامٌ: (
M,
K:) or, as
Suh says, in the
R, the سَنَة is longer than the عَام; the latter word being applied to the [twelve] Arabian months [collectively], and thus differing from the former word: (
TA:) with the Arabs it consists of four seasons, mentioned before [in art. زمن,
voce زَمَنٌ]: but sometimes it is tropically applied to (
tropical:) a single فَصْل [or quarter]; as in the saying, دَامَ المَطَرُ السَّنَةَ كُلَّهَا, meaning [The rain continued] during the فَصْل [or quarter, all of it]: (
Msb:) [see more in art. سنو and سنى:] the
dim. is ↓ سُنَيْهَةُ (
S,
Msb)
accord. to those who make the original of سَنَةٌ to be سَنْهَةٌ, (
Msb,) and ↓ سُنَيَّةٌ (
S,
Msb)
accord. to those who make the original of سَنَةٌ to be سَنْوَةٌ; (
Msb;) and some say سُنَيْنَةٌ, but this is rare: (
TA:) the
pl. is سَنَهَاتٌ (
Msb,
K)
accord. to those who make the original of سَنَةٌ to be سَنْهةٌ, (
Msb,) and سَنَوَاتٌ (
Msb,
K)
accord. to those who make the original of سَنَةٌ to be سَنْوَةٌ; (
Msb;) and سِنُونَ also, (
S,
Msb,
K,) like the
masc.
perfect pl., (
Msb,) [agreeably with a rule applying to other cases of this kind,] with kesr, to the س, (
S,
TA,) and سِنِينَ [in the accus. and gen. cases], (
Msb,
TA,) so that one says, هٰذِهِ سِنُونَ [These are years], and رَأَيْتُ سِنِينَ [I saw years], (
TA,) and the ن is elided when it is prefixed to another noun, governing the latter in the
gen. case, (
Msb,) and some say سُنُونَ, with damm to the س; (
S,
TA;) and in one
dial., the ى is retained in all the cases, and the ن is made a letter of declinability, with tenween when the word is indeterminate, [so that one says سِنِينٌ,] and is not elided when the word is prefixed to another noun, governing the latter in the
gen. case, because it is [regarded as] one of the radical letters of the word; and of this
dial. is the saying of the Prophet, اَللّٰهُمَّ اجْعَلْهَا عَلَيْهِمْ سِنِينًا كَسِنِينِ يُوسُفَ [O God, make them to be to them years like the years of Joseph]; (
Msb; [but in my copy of the
Mgh, I find كَسِنِى يُوسُفَ;]) or with respect to سِنِينٌ, like مِئِينٌ, with refa [and tenween], there are two opinions; one is, that it is of the measure فِعْلِينٌ, like
غِسْلِــينٌ, with a rejection [of one letter], though this is an
anomalous pl., for there sometimes occurs among pls. that which has no parallel, as عِدًى, and this is the opinion of
Akh; the other is, that it is of the measure فَعِيلٌ, changed to فِعِيلٌ because of the kesreh of the second letter; the
pl. being in some instances of the measure فَعِيلٌ, like كَلِيبٌ and عَبِيدٌ; but he who holds this opinion makes its final ن to be a substitute for و, and that of مِائَةٌ a substitute for ى: (
S:) you may also suppress the tenween in سِنِينٌ; [in which case it seems that one says سِنِينَ in the
nom. case (assimilating it to سِنُونَ) as well as in the accus. and the gen.; like as one does in the instances of بُرِين and بِرِين, pls. of بُرَةٌ,
accord. to the
K, though, as I have shown in art. برو, there is some doubt on this point;] but the suppression of the tenween in سِنِينٌ is more rare than its pronunciation: (I' Ak p. 18:) and another
pl. is سُنِىٌّ, [originally سُنُوٌّ,] of the measure فُعُولٌ. (
Er-Rághib,
TA in art. سنو.) The phrase ثَلٰثَ مِائَةٍ سِنِينَ, in the
Kur [xviii. 24], is said by
Akh to be for ثَلٰثَمِائَةٍ مِنَ السِّنِينَ [Three hundred of years]: and he says that if the سِنُون be an explicative of the مِائَة, it is in the
gen. case [to agree with مِائَةٍ]; and if an explicative of the ثَلٰث, it is in the
accus. case [to agree with ثَلٰثَ]. (
S. [See also
Bd on this phrase; and see De Sacy's Ar. Gr., 2nd ed., i. 423.]) [لِسَنَةٍ, relating to an animal or a plant or the like, means To the completion of a year: and لِسَنَتِهِ, to the completion of his, or its, year; i. e. in his, or its, first year.] And one says, ↓ لَقِيتُهُ مُنْذُ سُنَيَّاتٍ [I met him some years ago; three or more, to ten, years ago]: a phrase like لَقِيتُهُ ذَاتَ العُوَيْمِ. (
Az,
TA in art. عوم.) And ↓ سُنَيَّةٌ is a
dim. of enhancement, of سَنَةٌ: one says سُنَيَّةٌ حَمْرَآءُ A severe year of drought or barrenness or dearth: (
TA:) and البِيضِ ↓ وَقَعُوا فِى السُّنَيَّاتِ [They lapsed into the severe years of scantiness of herbage]: these were years that pressed hard upon the people of ElMedeeneh. (
K,
TA.)
b2: سَنَةٌ [alone] also signifies (
tropical:) Drought, or barrenness: (
Msb,
K,
TA:) or vehement, or intense, drought: (
TA in art. سنو:) an instance of a noun used especially in one of its senses, like دَابَّةٌ applied to “ a horse,” and مَالٌ applied to “ camels: ”
pl., in this, as in the former, sense, سَنَهَاتٌ [and سَنَوَاتٌ] and سِنُونَ and سِنِينٌ. (
TA.) One says of a land (أَرْضٌ), أَصَابَتْهَا السَّنَةُ (
tropical:) Drought, or barrenness, befell it. (
Msb.) And in like manner one says of people, أَصَابَتْهُمُ السَّنَهُ (
tropical:) [Drought, &c., befell them]. (
TA.) A seeker of herbage and of a place in which to alight was sent to a tract, and found it dried up by want of rain, and when he returned, being asked respecting it, he said, السَّنَةُ, meaning (
tropical:) Drought, &c. [has befallen it]. (
TA.) And it is said in a
trad., اَللّٰهُمَّ أَعِنِّى عَلَى مُضَرَبِالسَّنَةِ, i. e. (
tropical:) [O God, aid me against Mudar] by drought &c. (
TA.)
A2: It is also [used as an
epithet,] applied to land (أَرْضٌ), as meaning (
tropical:) Affected with drought, or barrenness; (
As,
S,
K;) as also ↓ سَنْهَآءُ and سَنْوَآءُ. (
Msb.) One says likewise, هٰذِهِ بِلَادٌ سِنِينٌ (
tropical:) These are countries, or tracts, affected with drought &c.: and Et-Tirimmáh says بِمُنْخَرَقٍ تَحِنُّ الرِّيحُ فِيهِ حَنِينَ الحُلْبِ فِى البَلَدِ السِّنِينِ (
tropical:) [In a gusty tract, the wind moaning therein like the moaning of the milch ewes or goats (see حَلُوبٌ) in the country affected with drought, or the countries, &c., بَلَد being regarded as a
coll. gen. n. and therefore qualified by a
pl., like قَوْمٌ in the phrase قَوْمٌ كَافِرُونَ]. (
TA.) سَنَهْ سَنَهْ, also pronounced with teshdeed to the ن: see سَنًا, in art. سنو and سنى, last sentence.
طَعَامٌ سَنِهٌ (assumed
tropical:) [Food, or wheat,] that has undergone the lapse of years; (
Az,
K;) as also سَنٍ. (
Az,
TA.)
b2: See also مُتَسَنِّهٌ.
نَخْلَةٌ سَنْهَآءُ (assumed
tropical:) A palm-tree that bears one year and not another: (
S,
K:) or a palm-tree affected by a year of drought. (
S.) And سَنَةٌ سَنْهَآءُ A year in which is no herbage nor rain. (
TA.)
b2: See also سَنَةٌ, last sentence but one.
سُنَيْهَةٌ and سُنَيَّةٌ (dims. of سَنَةٌ), and the
pl. سُنَيَّات: see سَنَةٌ, in five places: and see also سُنَيَّةٌ in art. سنو and سنى.
مُتَسَنِّهٌ, applied to bread, (
S,
K,) and so ↓ سَنِهٌ applied to bread and to beverage &c., (
CK, but see 5, third sentence,) (assumed
tropical:) Mouldy, or musty, or spoiled. (
S,
K.)
