اللَّيْل سريا وسراية وسرى مضى وَذهب وَفِي التَّنْزِيل الْعَزِيز {وَاللَّيْل إِذا يسر} وَيُقَال سرى الْهم وَاللَّيْل وَبِه قطعه بالسير وَيُقَال سرى بفلان لَيْلًا جعله يسير فِيهِ وعرق الشَّجَرَة فِي الأَرْض سريا وسراية دب تحتهَا وَيُقَال أَيْضا سرى فِيهِ السم وَالْخمر وسرى فِيهِ عرق السوء وَعَلِيهِ الْهم أَتَاهُ لَيْلًا وَالْجرْح إِلَى النَّفس دَامَ ألمه حَتَّى حدث مِنْهُ الْمَوْت وَيُقَال سرى التَّحْرِيم وسرى الْعتْق تعدى إِلَى غير الْمحرم أَو الْمُعْتق
سرى: أعدى، سار. يقال: سرى إليه أو فيه المرض. ومرض له قوة السريان أي العدوى (بوشر) سرى النسيم: عند الشعراء: نسم، هب بلطف. (ويجرز ص86 رقم 74)، هوجفلايت ص58 رقم 4، عباد 1: 3، 1: 13).
سُرَىّ: دوران، جولان (بوشر).
سَرَايا وسراية وتجمع على سرايات: هي سراي أي قصر مثل قصر السلطان أو الوزير ونحوهما.
(فليشر معجم ص65 - 66).
سار وتجمع على سواري = صار (بوشر، محيط المحيط) الأمراض السارية: هي التي تسرى من مريض إلى مريض بطريقة العدوى أو الوباء (محيط المحيط).
مُسرى: متأمل، متبصر (فوك).
السرَى: سَيْرُ اللَّيْلِ، سَرى يَسْري سُرى وسَرْياً، فهو سارٍ. وسَرَى وأسْرى: بمعنىً. وسَرَيْنا سُرْيَةً من الليْلِ وسَرْيَةً: أي سُدْفَةً. واسْتَرى الرجُلُ: أي سَرى. وسارَيْتُه: أي سَرَيْت مَعَه. وهو يُسَارِي إبِلَه: إذا جاءَ يَخْتِلُها لَيْلاً وَيسْرِقُها.
وفي المَثَل: " إذا سَمِعْتَ بسُرَى القَيْنِ فإنَّه مُصَبِّحٌ ".
والسارِيَةُ من السحَاب: التي بَيْنَ الغادِيَةِ والرائحَةِ لَيْلاً. والعِرْقُ يَسْرِي في الأرْضِ سَرْياً. والسرِيُ: النَّهْرُ، وجَمْعُه أسْرِيَةٌ وسُرْيَانٌ. واسْتَرَيْتُ الشَّيْءَ: اخْتَرْته. والسرِيةُ: خَيْلٌ تَبْلُغُ أرْبَعَمائةٍ.
والسّارِيَةُ: أُسْطُوَانَة من حِجَارَةٍ وآجُر.
وسُريَ عن فلانٍ: إذا تَجَلّى عنه غَشْيَةٌ عَرَضَتْ له. وسَرَيْتُ عنه الثَّوْبَ: بمعنى سَرَوْتُ أي كَشَفْت.
وسَرّى العَرَقَ عن نَفْسِه: أفَاضَه، فهو يُسَرِّيْه. والسُّرَيّاءُ: ضَرْبٌ من البُرُوْدِ؛ وهي بُرُوْدٌ مُسَيَّرَةٌ.
السُّرَى: سير اللّيل، يقال: سَرَى وأَسْرَى.
قال تعالى: فَأَسْرِ بِأَهْلِكَ
[هود/ 81] ، وقال تعالى: سُبْحانَ الَّذِي أَسْرى بِعَبْدِهِ لَيْلًا [الإسراء/ 1] ، وقيل: إنّ (أسرى) ليست من لفظة سرى يسري، وإنما هي من السَّرَاةِ، وهي أرض واسعة، وأصله من الواو، ومنه قول الشاعر: بسرو حمير أبوال البغال به
فأسرى نحو أجبل وأتهم، وقوله تعالى:
سُبْحانَ الَّذِي أَسْرى بِعَبْدِهِ
[الإسراء/ 1] ، أي: ذهب به في سراة من الأرض، وسَرَاةُ كلّ شيء: أعلاه، ومنه: سَرَاةُ النهار، أي: ارتفاعه، وقوله تعالى: قَدْ جَعَلَ رَبُّكِ تَحْتَكِ سَرِيًّا
[مريم/ 24] أي: نهرا يسري ، وقيل: بل ذلك من السّرو، أي: الرّفعة. يقال، رجل سَرْوٌ.
قال: وأشار بذلك إلى عيسى عليه السلام وما خصّه به من سروه، يقال: سَرَوْتُ الثوبَ عنّي، أي: نزعته، وسَرَوْتُ الجُلَّ عن الفرس ، وقيل: ومنه: رجل سَرِيٌّ، كأنه سَرَى ثوبه بخلاف المتدثّر، والمتزمّل، والزّمّيل ، وقوله: وأَسَرُّوهُ بِضاعَةً [يوسف/ 19] ، أي: خمّنوا في أنفسهم أن يحصّلوا من بيعه بضاعة، والسَّارِيَةُ يقال للقوم الذين يَسْرُونَ بالليل، وللسّحابة التي تسري، وللأسطوانة.
وهان على "سراة" بني لؤى
أي سادتهم، وهم النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم وأقاربه، منها أي من البويرة وأحراقها، وروى: منهم، أي من بنى النضير، والنزه بضم نون وفتحها النزاهة وهى البعد من السوء، ونضير بضاد معجمة من الضير أي بتضرر به، وروى: نضر، من النضارة، فان قيل قال ابن الحارث: أدام الله ذلك، أي تحريق المسلمين أرض الكافرين وهو كافر، قلت: غرضه أدام الله تحريق تلك الأرض بحيث يتصل بنواحيها، وهى المدينة وسائر أرض المسلمين وأي أرضينا أي من المدينة التى هي دار الإيمان أومكة التى بها الكفار يبقى متضررة، مستطير أي منتشر. ومر في بويرة بيانه. وفيه: أما إذا نشدتنا فإن سعدا لا يسير "بالسرية" أما بالتشديد، نشدتنا بفتح شين أي سألتنا بالله، لا يسير أي لا يخرج مع الجيش بنفسه وهى نفي شجاعته، ولا يقسم بالسوية نفي عفته، ولا يعدل في القضية أي الحكومة نفي شجاعته، ولا يقسم بالسوية نفي عفته، ولا يعدل في القضية أي الحكومة نفي الحكومة، فنفي العدل عنه الكلية فدعا عليه سعد ثلاث دعوات وفق ثلاث: افترائه في النفس والمال والدين، جزاء وفقا وشرط كذبه إنصافا وعدلا، قوله: قام رياء وسمعة، أي ليراه الناس ويسمعوه فيشهروا ذلك منه ليذكر به، فدعا باطالة عمره ليرد إلى أرذل العمر وويضعف قواه وينتكس في الخلق ويجعله عرضة للفتن، وهذا وإن استلزم تمنى وقوع مسلم في العصية لكنه جائز من حيث أنه يؤدى إلى نكاية الظالم، كتمى شهادة مسلم بقتل كافر له الذي هو معصية ووهن في الدين كقول نوح: (ولا تزد الظالمين إلا ضللا). غ: (والليل إذا "يسر") أي يسرى فيه، وسمى النهر سريا لأن الماء يسرى فيه. مد: (تحتك "سريا") جدولًا، وقيل: شريفا وهو عيسى. ك: يضع عرشه على الماء ثم يبعث "سراياه" هو جمع سرية قطعة من الجيش- ويجىء
سر
ى1 سَرَى, (S, M, K,) or سَرَى اللَّيْلَ (Msb) and بِاللَّيْلِ, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـْ (K,) inf. n. سُرًى (S, M, Mgh, K) and مَسْرًى (S, K) and سَرْيَةٌ and سُرْيَةٌ (M, K) and سِرَايَةٌ; (S, * and TA as from the K, but not in the CK nor in my MS. copy of the K;) the first of a form rare among inf. ns., because it is one of the forms of pls., as is shown by the fact that some of the Arabs make it and هُدًى fem., namely, Benoo-Asad, supposing them to be pls. of سُرْيَةٌ and هُدْيَةٌ, (S,) and Lh knew not سُرًى but as a fem. noun; (M;) or the inf. n. is سَرْىٌ, and سُرْيَةٌ and سَرْيَةٌ are more special [in meaning, as will be shown below, voce سَرْيَةٌ], and سُرًى is pl. of سُرْيَةٌ; (Msb;) or سَرْيَةٌ is an inf. n. un., and سُرْيَةٌ is a simple subst., and so is سُرًى, (S, TA,) and so is سِرَايَةٌ (Msb, TA) also, as some say; (TA;) He journeyed, or travelled, by night, or in the night, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) in a general sense; (M, K;) accord. to Az, in the first part part of the night, and in the middle thereof, and in the last part thereof; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ اسرى signifies the same (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) in the dial. of El-Hijáz, (S, Msb,) inf. n. إِسْرَآءٌ; (M;) as also ↓ استرى; (M, K;) and perhaps ↓ تسرّى likewise. (Mgh.) [See also سُرًى and سَرْيَةٌ below.] It is said in a prov., ذَهَبُوا إِسْرَاءَ ↓ قُنْفُذٍ [They went away in the manner of a hedge-hog's night-travelling; meaning they went away by night]; because the قنفذ goes all the night, not sleeping. (M.) b2: [Hence, as denoting unseen progress,] it is said also of the root of a tree, meaning It crept along beneath the ground; (Az, M, K;) aor. as above, (M,) inf. n. سَرْىٌ. (TA.) b3: And it is said of ideal things, as being likened to corporeal things; tropically, and by extension of the signification; (Msb, TA;) or metaphorically; [as, for instance,] of calamities, and wars, and anxieties: (M, TA:) and the predominant inf. ns. [in these cases] are سِرَايَةٌ and سَرَيَانٌ. (TA.) One says, سَرَى عِرْقُ السُّوْءِ فِى الإِنْسَانِ (tropical:) [The root, or strain, of evil crept in the man]. (Es-Sarakustee, Msb, TA.) And سَرَى فِيهِ السَّمُّ (tropical:) [The poison crept in him, or pervaded him]; and similarly one says of wine; and of the like of these two things. (El-Fárábee, Msb, TA. [See also دَبَّ.]) And the lawyers say, سَرَى الجُرْحُ إِلَى النَّفْسِ (tropical:) [The wound extended to the soul], meaning that the pain of the wound continued until death ensued in consequence thereof: (Mgh, * Msb, TA:) and قُطِعَ كَفُّهُ فَسَرَى إِلَى سَاعِدِهِ (tropical:) [His hand was cut off, and it extended to his upper arm], meaning that the effect of the wound passed by transmission: and سَرَى التَّحْرِيمُ, and العِتْقُ, (tropical:) The prohibition, and the emancipation, [extended, or] passed by transmission: phrases current among the lawyers, but not mentioned in books of repute, though agreeable with others here preceding and following. (Msb, TA.) One says also, سَرَى عَلَيْهِ الهَمُّ (tropical:) Anxiety came to him [or upon him] by night: and سَرَى هَمُّهُ (tropical:) His anxiety went away. (Msb, TA.) and similar to these is the phrase in the Kur [lxxxix. 3], وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِ (tropical:) And by the night when it goes away: (Msb, TA:) or, as some say, when one journeys in it; like as one says لَيْلٌ نَائِمٌ meaning “ night in which one sleeps: ” the [final] ى [of the verb] is elided because it terminates a verse. (TA.) b4: It is made trans. by means of ب: (Msb:) one says, سَرَى بِهِ [He made him to journey, or travel, or he transported him, by night, or in the night; or it may be rendered he journeyed, or travelled, with him, by night, or in the night]; (M, Msb, K;) and in like manner, [and more commonly,] بِهِ ↓ أَسْرَى; (S, M, Msb, K;) and ↓ أَسْرَاهُ; (S, M, K;) like as one says, أَخَذَ بِالخِطَامِ as well as اخذ الخِطَامَ. (S.) As to the saying in the Kur [17:1], سُبْحَانَ الَّذِى أَسْرَى بِعَبْدِهِ لَيْلًا [Extolled be the glory of Him who transported his servant by night!], it is an instance of corroboration, (S, K, * TA,) like the saying, سِرْتُ أَمْسِ نَهَارًا and البَارِحَةَ لَيْلًا: (S, TA:) or the meaning is [simply] سَيَّرَهُ: (K, TA:) accord. to 'Alam-ed-Deen Es-Sakháwee, لَيْلًا is added, although الإِسْرَآء is not otherwise than by night, because the space over which he was transported is not to be traversed in less than forty days, but was traversed by him in one night; as though the meaning [intended] were, فِى لَيْلٍ وَاحِدٍ; and it denotes wonder: لَيْلًا is here used instead of لَيْلَةً because when they say سَرَى لَيْلَةً the meaning generally is he occupied the whole of the night in journeying: Er-Rághib holds the verb in this instance to be from سَرَاةٌ signifying “ a wide tract of land,” to belong to art. سرو, and to be like أَجْبَلَ and أَتْهَمَ; the meaning being, who transported his servant over a wide tract of land: but this is strange. (TA.) A2: سَرَى مَتَاعَهُ, (M, K,) aor. ـْ (M, TA,) inf. n. سَرْىٌ, (TA,) He threw his goods, or utensils and furniture, upon the back of his beast. (M, K.) b2: And سَرَى عَنِّى الثَّوْبَ, inf. n. سَرْىٌ, He removed from over me the garment: but و is more approved [as the final radical: see 1 in art, سرو]. (M, TA.) You say, سَرَيْتُ الثَّوْبَ and ↓ سَرَّيْتُهُ I pulled off the garment: and عَنْهُ ↓ سُرِّىَ It was removed from over him, and removed from its place: the teshdeed denotes intensiveness. (TA.) 2 سرّى, (K,) or سرّى سَرِيَّةً, (TA,) inf. n. تَسْرِيَةٌ, He (the leader of an army, TA) detached a سَرِيَّة [q. v.] (K, TA) to the enemy by night. (TA.) b2: سرّى العَرَقَ عَنْ بَدَنِهِ, inf. n. as above, He exuded the sweat from his body. (TA.) b3: See also 1, last sentence, in two places.4 أَسْرَىَ see 1, in the former half of the paragraph, in two places: b2: and again, in the latter half, in three places. b3: See also 4 in art. سرو.5 تَسَرَّىَ see 1, first sentence.8 إِسْتَرَىَ see 1, first sentence.سُرًى, [said by some to be an inf. n., by some to be a simple subst., and by some to be pl. of سُرْيَةٌ, or supposed to be so, and therefore made fem., as mentioned in the first sentence of this art.,] meaning A journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night, in a general sense, is masc. and fem., (M, K,) by some of the Arabs made fem., (S,) and not known to Lh but as a fem. noun. (M.) It is said in a prov., عِنْدَ الصَّبَاحِ يَحْمَدُ القَوْمُ السُّرَى
[At daybreak, the party commend night-journeying]: applied to the man who endures difficulty, or distress, or fatigue, hoping for rest, or ease: (Meyd:) and in inciting to labour for the accomplishment of an affair with patience, and to dispose and subject the mind, until one commends the result thereof. (Har p. 555, q. v.) سَرَاةٌ: see art. سرو.
سَرْيَةٌ and ↓ سُرْيَةٌ are inf. ns. of سَرَى: (M, K:) or have a more special signification than the inf. n. of that verb, which is سَرْىٌ: one says, سَرَيْنَا سَرْيَةً مِنَ اللَّيْلِ and ↓ سُرْيَةً [We journeyed by night a journey of the night]: and the pl. of ↓ سُرْيَةٌ is [said to be] سُرًى: (Msb:) or one says, سَرَيْنَا سَرْيَةً وَاحِدَةً [We journeyed by night a single night-journey]: and the subst. [signifying a journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night,] is ↓ سُرْيَةٌ, and سُرًى. (S, TA.) سُرْيَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in four places.
سِرْيَةٌ meaning An arrow-head, (As, M, TA,) such as is small, short, round and smooth, having no breadth, (M, TA,) is a dial. var. of سِرْوَةٌ [q. v.], (As, TA,) or formed from the latter word by the substitution of ى for و because of the kesreh: (M, TA:) accord. to the K, ↓ سَرِيَّةٌ signifies a small round arrow-head; but this is a mistake; the correct word being سِرْيَةٌ, with kesr, and without teshdeed to the ى. (TA.) A2: It is also a dial. var. of سِرْوَةٌ signifying The locust in its first state, when it is a larva. (S in art. سرو.) سَرَآءٌ A certain tree, (AHn, S, M, K,) from which bows are made, (AHn, S, M,) the wood whereof is of the best of woods, and which is of the trees of the mountains: (AHn, M:) ElGhanawee El-Aarábee says, the نَبْع and شَوْحَط [q. v.] and سَرَآء are one: (TA in art. شحط:) [it is also mentioned in the TA in art. سرأ:] n. un.
سَرَآءَةٌ. (M, K.) سَرِىٌّ i. q. نَهْرٌ [A river, &c.]: (Th, M:) or a rivulet, or streamlet: (S, M, Msb:) or a rivulet running to palm-trees: (M, K:) pl. [of pauc.]
أَسْرِيَةٌ (S, M, K) and [of mult.] سُرْيَانٌ: (Sb, S, M, Msb, K:) أَسْرِيَآءُ as its pl. has not been heard. (S.) Thus it has been expl. as occurring in the Kur xix. 24. (M, TA.) A2: See also art. سرو.
سَرِيَّةٌ A portion of an army: (S, Msb:) of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ; because marching by night, privily; (Mgh, Msb;) thus originally, and afterwards applied also to such as march by day: (Ham p. 45:) or it may be from الاِسْتِرَآءُ “ the act of choosing, or selecting; ” because a company chosen from the army: (Mgh: [but if so, belonging to art. سرو:]) from five persons to three hundred: (M, K:) or four hundred: (K:) or, of horsemen, about four hundred: (M:) or the best thereof, (S,) or the utmost, (Nh,) consists of four hundred: (S, Nh:) or, accord. to the “ Fet-h el-Bári,” from a hundred to five hundred: (TA:) or nine, and more than this; three, and four, and the like being termed طَلِيعَةٌ, not سَرِيَّةٌ: but it is related of the Prophet that he sent a single person as a سَرِيَّة: (Mgh:) the pl. is سَرَايَا (S, Msb) and سَرِيَّاتٌ. (Msb.) A2: See also سِرْيَةٌ.
سِرَايَةٌ A journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night: (S, Msb, TA:) an inf. n.; (TA as from the K; [see 1, first sentence;]) or a simple subst. (Msb, TA.) سَرَيَانِىٌّ, from the inf. n. سَرَيَانٌ, Pervasive: occurring in philosophical works, and probably post-classical.]
السُّرْيَانِيَّةُ The Syriac language.]
سَرَّآءٌ One who journeys much, or often, by night. (K.) سَارٍ Journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night, in a general sense: (M, TA: *) pl. سُرَاةٌ. (TA.) b2: Hence, because of his going [about] by night, (TA,) السَّارِى signifies The lion; as also ↓ المُسَارِى and ↓ المُسْتَرِى. (K, TA.) سَارِيَةٌ A party, or company of men, journeying by night. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b2: And A cloud that comes by night: (S, Msb:) or clouds that travel by night: (K:) or a cloud that is between that which comes in the early morning and that which comes in the evening: [perhaps thus termed as having previously travelled in the night:] or, accord. to Lh, a rain that comes in the night: (M, TA:) pl. سَوَارِى [app. a mistranscription for سَوَارٍ, being indeterminate]. (K, TA.) b3: One says, جَآءَ صَبِيحَةَ سَارِيَةٍ He came in the morning of a night in which was rain. (TA.) b4: and the pl. السَّارِيَاتُ signifies The asses: (M:) or the wild asses: (TA:) because they rest not by night: (M:) or because they pasture by night. (TA.) A2: Also A column, syn. أُسْطُوَانَةٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) of stone, or of baked bricks; so in the “ Bári': ” (TA:) pl. سَوَارٍ. (Mgh.) b2: [And A mast: see حَنَّ and صَرَّ: and see also صَارِيَةٌ.]
أَسْرَى [More, and most, used to night-journeying]. أَسْرَى مِنْ قُنْفُذٍ [More used to go about by night than a hedge-hog] is a prov. of the Arabs. (TA.) [See also the same word in art. سرو.]
مَسْرًى may be a n. of place and a n. of time, [signifying A place, and a time, of night-journeying,] as well as an inf. n. (Ham p. 23.) It is [used also in a larger sense, as] syn. with مَذْهَبٌ [A place, and a time, of going &c.: a way by which one goes &c.]. (Har p. 540.) المُسَارِى: see سَارٍ, above.
المُسْتَرَى: see سَارٍ, above.
المُتَسَرِّى He who goes forth in, or among, the [company termed] سَرِيَّة. (IAth, TA.)