اخذ

1 أخَذَ, (S, A, L, &c.,) in the first Pers\. of which, أَخَذْتُ, [and the like,] the ذ is generally changed into ت, and incorporated into the [augmentative] ت, [but in pronunciation only, for one writes أَخَذتُّ and the like,] aor. ـُ imperative خُذْ, originally اؤْخُذْ, (S, L,) which latter form sometimes occurs, [but with و in the place of ؤْ when the ا is pronounced with damm,] (TA,) inf. n. أَخْذٌ (S, L, Msb, K, &c.) and تَأْخَاذٌ, (S, L, K,) the latter having an intensive signification; (MF;) and وَخَذَ is a dial. var., as mentioned by Ibn-Umm-Kásim and others on the authority of AHei; (MF in art. تخذ;) He took; he took with his hand; he took hold of; (S, A, L, Msb, K;) a thing. (S, L.) You say, خُذِ الخِطَامَ and خُذْ بِالخِطَامَ Take thou, or take thou with thy hand, or take thou hold of, the nose-rein of the camel: (S, L, Msb:) the ب in the latter phrase being redundant. (Msb.) [And أَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ, lit. He took his hand, or arm; meaning (assumed tropical:) he aided, or assisted, him: a phrase of frequent occurrence.] And أَخَذَ عَلَىيَدِ فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) He prevented, restrained, or withheld, such a one from doing that which he desired; as though he laid hold upon his hand, or arm: (L:) and أَخَذَ عَلَى يَدِهِ دُونَ مَا يُرِيُدهُ [signifies the same]. (K in art. لغد.) b2: Also, inf. n. أَخْذٌ, He took, or received; contr. of أَعْطَي. (L.) [Hence,] أَخَذَ عَنْهُ, (assumed tropical:) He received from him traditions, and the like. (TA passim.) b3: (assumed tropical:) [He took, or derived, or deduced, a word, a phrase, and a meaning.] b4: (tropical:) He took, received, or admitted, willingly, or with approbation; he accepted. (B, MF.) So in the Kur [vii. 198], خُذِ العَفْوَ (tropical:) [Take thou willingly, or accept thou, superfluous property, or such as is easily spared by others]. (MF.) So too in the same [iii. 75], وَ أَخَذتُّمْ عَلَي ذٰلِكُمْ إِصْرِى (tropical:) [And do ye accept my covenant to that effect?]. (B.) [And in the phrases, أَخَذْنَا مِيثَاقَكُمْ بِالعَمَلِ بِمَا فِي التَّوْارَاةِ, (Jel ii. 60,) and عَلَي العَمّلِ بما في التوارة, (Idem ii. 87,) (assumed tropical:) We accepted your covenant to do according to what is in the Book of the Law revealed to Moses.] خُذْ عَنْكَ [is elliptical, and] means خُذْ مَا أَقُولُ وَدَع عَنْكَ الشَّكَ والمِرآءَ (assumed tropical:) [Accept thou what I say, and dismiss from thee doubt and obstinate disputation]. (S, L.) b5: He took a thing to, or for, himself; took possession of it; got, or acquired, it; syn. حَازَ; (Z, Er-Rághib, B;) which, accord. to Z and Er-Rághib and others, is the primary signification; (MF;) and حَصَّلَ. (B.) [See also 8.] b6: [He took and kept;] he retained; he detained: as in the Kur [xii. 78], فَخُذْ أَحَدَنَا مَكَانَهُ [Therefore retain thou one of us in his stead]. (B.) b7: [He took, as meaning he took away. Hence,] أَخَذَ مِنْهُ السَّيْرُ Journeying, or travel, took from him strength; (القُوَّةَ being understood;) weakened him. (Har p. 529.) and أَخَذَ مِنَ الشَّارِبِ, (Mgh,) and مِنَ الشَّعَرِ, (Msb,) He clipped, or cut off from, (Mgh, Msb,) the mustache, (Mgh,) and the hair. (Msb.) b8: He, or it, took by force; or seized: (B:) (assumed tropical:) he, or it, overcame, overpowered, or subdued: said by some to be the primary signification. (MF.) [See also أَخَذَهُ عَلْوَّا, &c., in art. علو: and أَخَذَهُ مِنْ فَوْقُ, &c., in art. فوق.] It is said in the Kur [ii. 256], لَا تَأْخُذُهُ سِنَةِ وَ لَا نَوْمٌ (assumed tropical:) Neither drowsiness nor sleep shall seize [or overcome] Him. (B.) [and you say, أَخَذَتْهُ رِعْدَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A tremour seized, took, affected, or influenced, him. And أَخَذَهُ بَطْنُهُ (assumed tropical:) His belly affected him with a desire to evacuate it.] You say also, أَخَذَ فِيهِ الشَّرَابُ (assumed tropical:) The wine affected him, or influenced him, so that he became intoxicated. (TA in art. ثمل.) And أَخَذَ الرَّأْسَ (Msb in art. سور, &c.) and أَخَذَ بِالرَّأْسِ (K in art. حمى, &c.) (assumed tropical:) [It had an overpowering influence upon the head]; meaning wine. (Msb, K.) and أَخَذَ بِالحَلْقِ [It (food, &c.) choked]. (IAar in art. نشب in the TA, and S in art. بشع, &c.) and لَا يَأْخُذُ فِيهِ قَوْلُ قَائِلٍ (assumed tropical:)[Nothing that any one may say will have any power, or effect, or influence, upon him]; meaning that he obeyeth no one. (L in art. ليت.) b9: He took captive. (L, Msb, B.) So in the Kur [ix. 5], فَاقْتُلُوا المُشْرِكِينَ حَيْثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمْ وَخُذُوهُمْ [Then slay ye the believers in a plurality of gods wherever, or whenever, ye find them, and take them captives]. (Bd, L, B.) b10: See also 2, in three places. b11: He gained the mastery over a person, and killed, or slew, him; (Zj, L;) as also ↓ آخَذَ: (L:) or simply, (assumed tropical:) he killed, or slew. (B.) It is said in the Kur [xl. 5], وَهَمَّتْ كُّلُ أُمَّةٍ بِرَسُولِهِمْ لِيَأْخُذُوهُ, meaning [And every nation hath purposed against their apostle] that they might gain the mastery over him, and slay him; (Zj, L;) or (assumed tropical:) that they might slay him. (B.) b12: (assumed tropical:) He (God, Msb) destroyed a person: (Msb, MF:) and (assumed tropical:) extirpated, or exterminated. (MF.) فَأَخَذَهُمُ اللّٰهُ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ [in the Kur iii. 9 and xl. 22] means But God destroyed them for their sins. (Jel.) b13: (tropical:) He punished, or chastised; (L, Msb, B, K, MF;) as also ↓ آخَذَ: (L, Msb, MF:) as in the phrases, أَخَذَهُ بِذَنْبِهِ (Msb, K *) and بِهِ ↓ آخَذَهُ, inf. n. of the latter مُؤَاخَذَةٌ, (S, L, Msb, K,) (tropical:) he punished, or chastised, him for his sin, or offence: (Msb:) and أُخِذَ بِذَنْبِهِ means (assumed tropical:) he was restrained and requited and punished for his sin, or offence: (L:) or, accord. to some, أَخَذَ signifies he extirpated, or exterminated; and ↓ آخذ he punished, or chastised, without extirpating, or exterminating. (MF.) [For ↓ آخذ,] some say وَاخَذَ, (S, L,) which is not allowable, (K,) accord. to some; but accord. to others, it is a chaste form; (MF;) of the dial. of El-Yemen, and used by certain of the seven readers [of the Kur-án] in the instance of لَا يُوَاخِذُكُمُ اللّٰهُ [ii. 225 and v. 91]; and the inf. N. in that dial. Is مُوَاخَذَةٌ, and the imperative is وَاخِذْ. (Msb.) b14: (tropical:) He made a violent assault upon a person, and wounded him much. (K, TA.) [You say also, أَخَذَهُ بِلِسَانِهِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He assailed him with his tongue; vituperated him; spoke against him.] b15: [He took, took to, or adopted.] You say, أَخَذَ أَخَذَهُمْ and إِخْذَهُمْ &c.: see أَخْذٌ, below. And أَخَذَ فِى طَرِيقِ كَذَا [He took such a road]: and أَخَذَ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ أَوْ يَسَارِهِ [he took the way by, or on, the right of him, or it, or the left of him, or it]. (S in art. نظر.) [And أَخَذَ بِالحَزْمِ, and فِي الحَزْمِ, (the former the more common, the latter occurring in art. حوط in the K,) (assumed tropical:) He took the course prescribed by prudence, discretion, precaution, or good judgment; he used precaution: and, like أَخَذَ بِالثِّقَهِ, (assumed tropical:) he took the sure course in his affair.] And أَخَذَ حِذْرَهُ (assumed tropical:) He took care; became cautious, or vigilant. (Bd in iv. 73 and 103.) [And أَخَذَ بِمَا قَالَ فُلَانٌ (assumed tropical:) He took to, or adopted and followed, or adhered to, what such a one said: see Har p. 367; where it is said that اخذ when thus used is made trans. by means of ب because it implies the meaning of تَشَبَّثَ.] b16: He took to, set about, began, or commenced; as in the saying, أَخَذَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا He took to, set about, began, or commenced, doing such a thing; in which case, accord. to Sb, اخذ is one of those verbs which do not admit of one's putting the act. part. n. in the place of the verb which is its enunciative: [i. e., one may not say فَاعِلًا in the place of يفعل in the phrase above:] and as in أَخَذَ فِى كَذَا He began, commenced, or entered upon, such a thing. (L.) b17: [It is used in a variety of other phrases, in which the primary meaning is more or less apparent; and several of these will be found explained with other words occurring therein. The following instances may be here added.] b18: طَرِيقٌ يَأْخُذُ فِى رَمْلَةٍ [A road leading into, or through, a tract of sand]. (K in art. فرز.) And أَخَذَ بِهِمُ الطَّرِيقُ فِى غَيْرِ المَحَجَّةِ [The road lead them otherwise than in the beaten track]. (T * and A in art. بهرج.) b19: مَا أَخَذَتْكَ عَيْنِى مُنْذُ حِينٍ (assumed tropical:) My eye hath not seen thee for some time; like مَاظَفِرَتْكَ. (T in art. ظفر.) and مَا فِي الحَىِّ أَحَدٌ تَأْخُذُهُ عَيْنِي [explained to me by Ibr D as meaning (assumed tropical:) There is not in the tribe any one whom my eye regards as worthy of notice or respect by reason of his greatness therein]. (TA in art. جهر.) b20: أَخَذْتُ عِنْدَهُ يَدَى, and مَعْروفاً: see 8.

A2: أَخِذَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. أَخَذٌ, (S, L, K,) He (a young camel) suffered heaviness of the stomach, and indigestion, from the milk: (S:) or became disordered in his belly, and affected with heaviness of the stomach, and indigestion, from taking much milk. (L.) b2: He (a camel, L, K, or a sheep or goat, L) became affected by madness, or demoniacal possession; (K;) or by what resembled that. (L.) b3: أَخِذَتْ عَيْنُهُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. أَخَذٌ, His eye became affected by inflammation, pain, and swelling, or ophthalmia. (Ibn-Es-Seed, L, K. *) A3: أَخُذَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. أُخُوذَةٌ, It (milk) was, or became, sour. (K.) [See آخِذٌ.]2 أَخَّذَتْهُ, (S, L, K, *) inf. n. تَأْخِيذٌ, (S, L,) She captivated, or fascinated, him, (namely, her husband,) and restrained him, by a kind of enchantment, or charm, and especially so as to withhold him from carnal conversation with other women; (S, * L, K, * TA;) as also ↓ أَخَذَتْهُ; and ↓ آخَذَتْهُ [of which the inf. n. is app. إِيخَاذٌ]. (L, TA.) A woman says, أُؤَخِّذُ جَمَلِى I captivate, or fascinate, my husband, by a kind of enchantment, or charm, and withhold him from other women. (L, from a trad.) And one says, of a man, يُؤَخِّذُ عَنِ امْرَأَتِهِ He withholds others [by a kind of enchantment, or charm,] from carnal conversation with his wife. (Msb.) The sister of Subh El-'Ádee said, in bewailing him, when he had been killed by a man pushed towards him upon a couch-frame, or raised couch, أَخَذتُّ ↓ عَنْكَ الرَّاكِبَ وَالسَّاعِىَ وَالمَاشِىَ والقَاعِدَ وَالقَائِمَ وَلَمْ آخُذْ عَنْكَ النَّائِمَ [I withheld from thee by enchantment the rider and the runner and the walker and the sitter and the stander, and did not so withhold from thee the prostrate]. (L.) And one says of a beautiful garment, القُلُوبَ مَأْخَذَهُ ↓ أَخَذَ [It captivated hearts in a manner peculiar to it]: (K in art. حصر: [in the CK, incorrectly, اَخَذَت and القُلُوبُ:]) and اخذ بِقَلْبِهِ [He, or it, captivated his heart; or] he [or it] pleased him, or excited his admiration. (TA in art. اله.) A2: أخّذ اللَّبَنَ, inf. n. as above, He made the milk sour. (K.) [See آخِذٌ.]3 آخذ, inf. n. مُؤَاخَذَةٌ: see 1, in the middle portion of the paragraph, in five places.4 آخذ, inf. n., app., إِيخَاذٌ: see 2.8 ائتخذ [written with the disjunctive alif اِيتَخَذَ] occurs in its original form; and is changed into اتَّخَذَ [with the disjunctive alif اِتَّخَذَ]; this being of the measure افتعل from أَخْذُ, the [radical]

ء being softened, and changed into ت, and incorporated [into the augmentative ت]: hence, when it had come to be much used in the form of افتعل [thus changed], they imagined the [former] ت to be a radical letter [unchanged], and formed from it a verb of the measure فَعِلَ, aor. ـْ saying, تَخِذَ, aor. ـْ (S, L, Msb, *) inf. n. تَخَذٌ and تَخْذٌ: (Msb:) and ↓ اسْتَخَذَ [written with the disjunctive alif اِسْتَخَذَ], of which exs. will be found below, is also used for اتّخذ; one of the two ت s being changed into س, like as س is changed into ت in سِتٌّ [for سِدْسٌ]: or استخذ may be of the measure استفعل from تَخِذَ; one of the two ت s being suppressed; after the manner of those who say ظَلْتُ for ظَلِلْتُ: (S, L:) and IAth says that اتّخذ, in like manner, is of the measure افتعل from تَخِذَ; not from أَخَذَ: (L and K in art. تخذ:) but IAth is not one who should contradict J, whose opinion on this point is corroborated by the fact that they say اتَّزَرَ from إِــزَارٌ, and اتَّمَنَ from أَمْنٌ, and اتَّهَلَ from أَهْلٌ; and there are other instances of the same kind: or, accord. to some, اتّخذ is from وَخَذَ, a dial. var. of أَخَذَ, and is originally اِوْتَخَذَ. (MF.) [The various significations of اتّخذ and تَخِذَ and استخذ will be here given under one head.] b2: You say, إِئْتَخَذُوا فِى القِتَالِ, (S, L, K, *) and فى الحَرْبِ, (Msb,) with two hemzehs, (S, L, K,) or, correctly, إِيتَخَذُوا, with one hemzeh, [or اِيتَخَذُوا,] as two hemzehs cannot occur together in one word, (marginal note in a copy of the S,) [but in a case of wasl, the first hemzeh being suppressed, the second remains unchanged,] They took, or seized, (أَخَذُوا,) one another (S, L, Msb, K) in fight, (S, L,) and in war; (Msb;) and so اِتَّخَذُوا. (Msb.) And اِيتَخَذَ القَوْمُ The people, of company of men, wrestled together, each taking hold in some manner upon him who wrestled with him, to throw him down. (L, TA.) b3: [اتّخذ, as also ↓ استخذ, and] تَخِذَ, aor. ـَ (K in art. تخذ,) inf. n. تَخَذَ and تَخْذٌ, (TA in art. تخذ,) likewise signifies i. q. أَخَذَ, (K in art. تخذ, and B and TA in the present art.,) as meaning He took a thing to, or for, himself; took possession of it; got, or acquired, it; syn. حَازَ and حَصَّلَ. (B, TA.) Some read, [in the Kur, xviii. 76,] لَتَخِذْتَ عَلَيْهِ أَجْراً [Thou mightest assuredly have taken for thyself a recompense for it]: (S, L, K in art. تخذ, and TA in the present art.:) this is the reading of Mujáhid, (Fr, TA,) and is authorized by I'Ab, and is that of Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà and Az, and so it is written in the model-copy of the Kur, and so the readers [in general] read: (AM, L, TA:) so read Ibn-Ketheer and the Basrees; he and Yaakoob and Hafs pronouncing the ذ; the others incorporating it [into the ت]: (Bd:) some read لااتَّخَذتَّ; (L and K in art. تخذ;) but these read at variance with the scripture. (AM, L, TA.) أَرْضاً ↓ استخذ is a phrase mentioned by Mbr as used by some of the Arabs, (S, L,) and signifies i. q. اِتَّخَذَهَا [He took for himself a piece of land]. (S, L, K.) And اتّخذ وَلَدَّا [in the Kur, ii. 110, &c.,] signifies He got a son, or offspring. (Bd &c. See also below.) And تَخِذَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. تَخَذٌ and تَخْذٌ, also signifies He gained, acquired, or earned, wealth, (L, and Msb in arts. اخذ and تخذ,) or a thing. (Msb.) b4: عَلَيْهِمْ يَدًا ↓ استخذ and عِنْدَهُمْ signify alike, i. q. اتّخذ [He did to them a benefit, or favour; as though he earned one for himself in prospect, making it to be incumbent on them as a debt to him]: (ISh:) and اِتَّخَذْتُ عِنْدَهُ مَعْروفًا means [in like manner, as also عنده معروفا ↓ أَخَذْتُ, and يَدَّا, (and اِتَّخَذَ فِيهِ حُسْناً has a similar meaning; see Kur xviii.

85;)] I did to him a benefit, or favour; syn. أَسْدَيْتُهُ إِلَيْهِ. (Msb in art. سدي.) b5: اتّخذ also signifies He made a thing; syn. عَمِلَ; like تَخِذَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. تَخَذٌ and تَخْذٌ: (L:) he made, or manufactured, a bow, a water-skin, &c., مِنْ كَذَا of such a thing: he made, or prepared, a dish of food, a medicine, &c.: either absolutely or for himself. (The Lexicons passim.) b6: Also He made, or constituted, or appointed; syn. جَعَلَ; doubly trans.; (B, Msb;) and so تَخِذَ. (Msb in art. تخذ.) You say, اتّخذهُ صَدِيقًا He made him [or took him as] a friend; (Msb in the present art.;) and so تَخِذَهُ. (Idem in art. تخذ.) And اتّخذهُ هُزُؤًا [in the Kur ii. 63 and 231, &c.,] means He made him, or it, a subject of derision. (Bd, Jel.) And اتّخذهُ وَلَدًا [in the same, xii. 21 and xxviii. 8,] He made him, or took or adopted him as, a son. (Bd. See also above.) 10 اسْتَخَذَ, written with the disjunctive alif اِسْتَخَذَ: see 8, in four places. [Other meanings may be inferred from explanations of مُسْتَأْخِذٌ, q. v. infrà.]

أَخْذٌ inf. n. of أَخَذَ, q. v. b2: (assumed tropical:) A way, or manner, of life; as also ↓ إِخْذٌ. (S, L, K.) You say, ذَهَبَ بَنُو فُلَانٍ وَمَنْ أَخَذَ أَخْذَهُمْ, (S, L, K, *) and ↓ إِخْذَهُمْ, (L, K,) the former of the dial. of Temeem, and the latter of the dial. of El-Hijáz, (TA,) meaning (assumed tropical:) The sons of such a one went away, or passed away, and those who took to their way of life, (S, L, K,) and adopted their manners, or dispositions: (K:) and مَنْ أَخَذَ أَخْذُهُمْ and ↓ إِخْذُهُمْ, and مَنْ أَخَذَ أَخْذُهُمْ [in the CK اَخْذُهُمْ] and ↓ إِخْذُهُمْ, signify [virtually] the same: (K:) or مَنْ أَخَذَهُ أَخْذُهُمْ and ↓ إِخْذُهُمْ signify [properly] مَنْ أَخَذَهُ أَخْذُهُمْ وَسِيرَتُهُمْ [those whom their way of life took, or influenced]. (ISk, S L.) One says also, اسْتُعْمِلَ فُلَانٌ عَلَ الشَّامِ

↓ وَمَا أَخَذَ إِخْذَهُ, with kesr, meaning (assumed tropical:) [Such a one was appointed prefect over Syria,] and he did not take to that good way of life which it was incumbent on him to adopt: you should not say أَخْذَهُ: (AA, S, L:) or it means and what was adjacent to it: (Fr, L:) or, accord. to the Wá'ee, one says, in this case, ↓ وَمَا أَخَذَ إِخْذَهُ and أَخْذُهُ and ↓ أُخْذُهُ, with kesr and fet-h and damm [to the hemzeh, and with the ذ marfooah, as in instances before]. (Et-Tedmuree, MF.) One also says, ↓ لَوْ كُنْتَ مِنَّا لَأَخَذتَّ بِإخْذِنَا, (S, L,) with kesr to the ا, (L,) [in a copy of the S بِأَخْذِنَا, which seems to be also allowable, accord. to the dial. of Temeem,] meaning Wert thou of us, then thou hadst taken to, or wouldst take to, our manners, or dispositions, and fashion, (S, L,) and garb, and way of life. (L.) The words of the poet, فَلَوْ كُنْتُمْ مُنَّا أَخَذْنَا بِإِخْذِكُمْ IAar explains as meaning And were ye of us, we had caught and restored to you your camels: but no other says so. (L.) b3: نُجُومُ الأَخْذِ The Mansions of the Moon; (S, L, K;) also called نُجُومُ الأَنْوَآءٌ; (L; [see art. نوء;]) called by the former appellation because the moon every night enters (يَأْخُذُ فِى) one of those mansions: (S, L:) or the stars which are cast at those [devils] who listen by stealth [to the conversations of the angels]: (L, K:) but the former explanation is the more correct. (L.) b4: See also إِخَاذْ.

أُخْذٌ, whence مَا أَخَذَ أُخْذُهُ: see أَخْذٌ. b2: It is also a pl. of إِخَاذٌ; (S, L;) and of إِخْذٌ or إِخْذَةٌ, explained below with إِخَاذٌ. (L.) إِخْذٌ [The act of taking, taking with the hand, &c.], a subst. from أَخَذَ. (S, L, Msb.) b2: See also أَخْذٌ, in nine places. b3: And see إِخَاذٌ. b4: Also A mark made with a hot iron upon a camel's side when a disease therein is feared. (K.) أَخَذٌ Heaviness of the stomach, and indigestion, of a young camel, from the milk. (K.) [See أَخِذَ.] b2: See also أُخُذٌ.

أَخِذٌ A young camel disordered in his belly, and affected with heaviness of the stomach, and indigestion, from taking much milk. (Az, Fr, L.) [See also صَبْحَانُ.] b2: A camel, or a young camel, or a sheep or goat, affected by what resembles madness, or demoniacal possession. (L.) b3: A man affected with inflammation of the eye; with pain and swelling of the eye; with ophthalmia; (S, L;) as also ↓ مُسْتَأْخِذٌ. (L.) See also this latter. b4: See also آخِذٌ.

أُخُذٌ (S, L, K) and ↓ أَخَذٌ, (Ibn-Es-Seed, L, K,) which latter is the regular form, (L,) Inflammation of the eye; pain and swelling of the eye; ophthalmia. (S, L, K.) أَخْذَةٌ [inf. n. un. of أَخَذَ, An act of taking, &c.: an act of punishment, or chastisement, or the like; as in the Kur lxix. 10: pl. أَخَذَاتٌ]. b2: أَخَذُوا أَخَذَاتِهِمْ They took their places of abode. (IAth and L, from a trad.) أُخْذَةٌ A manner of taking, or seizing, of a man with whom one is wrestling: pl. أُخَذٌ. (L.) b2: A kind of enchantment, or fascination, like سِحْر, (S, L, Msb, * K,) which captivates the eye and the like, (L,) and by which enchantresses withhold their husbands from other women; called by the vulgar رِبَاطٌ and عَقْدٌ; and practised by the women in the time of ignorance: (TA:) or a kind of bead (خَزَرَةٌ, S, L, K) with which one captivates, or fascinates, or restrains; (K;) with which women captivate, or fascinate, or restrain, men, (S, L,) and withhold them from other women: (L:) or i. q. رُقْيَةٌ. (A.) b3: A pitfall dug for catching a lion. (A, TA.) b4: بَادِرْ بِزَنْدِكَ أُخْذَةَ النَّارِ [Strive thou to be before the time called (that of) اخذة النار with thy wooden instrument for producing fire; i. e. haste thou to use it before that time;] means the time a little after the prayer of sunset; asserted to be the worst time in which to strike fire. (K.) إِخْذَةٌ: see إِخَاذٌ.

إِخَاذٌ and ↓ إِخَاذَةٌ A pool of water left by a torrent: pl. أُخُذٌ: (AO, K:) both signify the same: (L:) or ↓ إِخَاذَةٌ signifies a thing like a pool of water left by a torrent; and إِخَاذٌ is its pl. [or a coll. gen. n.]; and the pl. of this latter is أُخُذٌ, like as كُتُبٌ is pl. of كِتَابٌ, and sometimes it is contracted into أُخْذٌ: (S, L:) the like of this is said by Aboo-'Adnán: (L:) and إِخَاذَاتٌ is also a pl. of إِخاذَةٌ, occurring in a trad., and signifying pools which receive the rain-water, and retain it for drinkers: (IAth, L:) or the correct word is إِخَاذٌ, without ة, and it signifies a place where beasts assemble at a pool of water left by a torrent; and its pl. is أُخُذٌ (AA, A'Obeyd, L) and آخَاذٌ, which latter is extr.: (L:) but as to ↓ إِخَاذَةٌ, it has a different signification, which will be found below; i. e. land of which a man takes possession for himself, &c.: (AA, L:) or إِخَاذٌ is a coll. gen. n., and ↓ إِخَاذَةٌ is its n. un., and signifies a receptacle made for water to collect therein: and ↓ أَخْذٌ signifies a thing that one digs for himself, in the form of a watering-trough, which retains water for some days; and its pl. is أُخْذَانٌ: (L:) and ↓ إِخْذٌ and ↓ إِخْذَةٌ also signify a thing that one digs in the form of a wateringtrough; and the pl. is أُخْذٌ and إِخَاذٌ. (L.) In a trad. of Mesrook Ibn-El-Ajda', إِخَاذ are likened to the Companions of Mohammad; and it is added, that one ↓ إِخَاذَة suffices for a rider; and one, for two riders; and one, for a company of men: (S, L:) meaning that among them were the young and the old, and the possessor of knowledge and the possessor of more knowledge. (L.) b2: See also إِخَاذَةٌ.

أَخِيذٌ i. q. ↓ مَأْخُوذٌ [Taken; taken with the hand; &c.]. (Msb.) b2: A captive: (S, L, Msb, K:) fem. with ة. (S, L.) Hence the saying, أَكْذَبُ مِنْ أَخِيذِ الجَيشِ More lying than the captive of the army: meaning him whom his enemies have taken captive, and whom they desire to conduct them to his people, and who lies to them to his utmost. (Fr, L.) [See another ex. voce صَبْحَانُ.] b3: A strange, or foreign, old man. (K.) إِخَاذَةٌ Land which a man, (S, L, K,) or a Sul-tán, (S, L,) takes for himself; as also ↓ إِخَاذٌ: (S, L, K:) or land which a man takes for himself, and brings into a state of cultivation after its having been waste: (AA, Mgh, L:) or waste land which the owner gives to him who shall cultivate it: (Mgh:) and land which the Imám gives to one, not being property, (K,) or not being the property of another. (TA, as from the K.) b2: See also إِخَاذٌ, in five places. b3: Also The handle of a [shield of the kind called] حَجَفَة; (K; [in the L written جحْفة, with the ج before the ح;]) also called its ثقاف. (L.) أَخِيذَةٌ A thing that is taken by force. (L.) [See also أَخِيذٌ.]

أَخَّاذٌ One who takes eagerly, or greedily: whence the saying, مَا أَنْتَ إِلَّا أَخَّاذٌ نَبَّاذٌ Thou art none other than one who taketh a thing eagerly, or greedily, and then throweth it away quickly. (A.) آخِذٌ, (as in some copies of the K, in both of the senses here explained,) or ↓ أَخِذْ (as in other copies of the K, and in the L and TA, [but the former is the more agreeable with the form of the pl.,]) A camel beginning to become fat; (L, K;) or to become aged: (K:) pl. أَوَاخِذُ (L.) A2: Milk that bites the tongue; syn. قَارِصٌ. (K.) [See أَخُذَ.]

مَأْخَذْ [A place where, or whence, a thing is taken: pl. مَآخِذُ.] [Hence,] مَآخِذُ الطَّيْرِ The places whence birds are taken. (K, TA.) b2: [The source of derivation of a word or phrase or meaning.] b3: A way [which one takes]; as in the phrase, المَأْخَذَ الأَقْرَبَ سَلَكَ He went the nearest way. (Msb. in art. خصر.) b4: [See also 2, last sentence but one.]

مَأْخُوذٌ: see أَخِيذٌ.

رَجُلٌ مُؤَخَّذٌ عَنِ النِّسَآءِ A man withheld [by a kind of enchantment or charm (see 2)] from women. (L.) مُؤْتَخِذٌ: see what follows.

مُسْتَأْخِذٌ [Requiring to be clipped; i. e.] long; applied to hair. (K.) A2: Lowering his head, or stooping, (As, S, L, K,) by reason of inflammation of the eyes, or ophthalmia, (As, S, L,) or by reason of pain, (As, S, L, K,) or from some other cause; (L;) as also ↓ أَخِذٌ, q. v. (TA.) Lowly, or submissive, (AA, L, K,) by reason of disease; as also ↓ مُؤْتَخِذٌ. (AA, L.)

شغر

1 شَغڤرَ The inf. n. شَغْرٌ, accord. to Ibn-Nubáteh, primarily signifies The raising the leg or hind leg, without restriction; and then by a metaphorical usage, the doing so for the purpose of copulation, and for making water: but the explanations of J [and of Z in the A] and of Fei and of F are at variance with his assertion. (MF.) [Accord. to these authorities,] شَغَرَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. as above, (Msb, TA,) signifies He (a dog) raised one of his hind legs (S, A, Msb, K) to make water, (S, Msb,) or and made water, or whether he made water or did not: (A, K:) and شَغَرَ بِرِجْلِهِ he (a dog) raised his hind leg, and made water. (TA.) And شَغَرَتْ She (a camel) raised her hind leg, and struck [with it, or kicked,] the young one. (A.) And, said of a woman, (Msb, K,) She raised her leg, (Msb, and so in some copies of the K,) or her legs, (so in other copies of the K,) for the purpose of copulation. (Msb, K.) And the verb is also trans.: you say, شَغَرَ المَرْأَةَ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. شُغُورٌ, (K, [but this is a strange form in the case of a trans. verb,]) He raised the woman's leg, (Msb, and so in some copies of the K) or legs, (IDrd, O, and so in some copies of the K,) for the purpose of copulation; and so ↓ اشغرها. (IDrd, O, Msb, K.) And شَغْرٌ as the act of a stallion [camel] signifies His striking with his head beneath the she-camel, at the part next the udder, and so raising her, and throwing her down [app. for the purpose of copulation]. (K.) b2: شَغَرْتُ بِرِجْلِى فِى الغَرِيبِ means (assumed tropical:) I overcame the people in guarding, or protecting, the stranger. (AA, O, K.) b3: and شَغْرٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) The being distant, or remote. (Fr, K.) One says, شَغَرَ البَلَدُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. شُغُورٌ, (Msb, [accord. to the K, app., شَغْرٌ,]) (assumed tropical:) The country, or town, was, or became, remote from him who should aid it against the enemy, and him who should exercise sovereign sway, (K, TA,) and from him who should manage its affairs with prudence, precaution, or sound judgment: (TA:) or destitute of a guardian, or protector, to defend it: (Msb:) or destitute of people: [and so, app., شَغَرَ البَلَدُ بِرِجْلِهِ; for it is immediately added,] one says بَلْدَةٌ شَاغِرَةٌ بِرِجْلِهَا meaning as expl. below: (S:) and شَغَرَتِ الأَرْضُ the land had not remaining in it any one to defend it, and to manage its affairs with prudence, precaution, or sound judgment. (K.) A2: Also, i. e. شَغْرٌ, The making [another, or others,] to go forth [from a place]. (K.) One says, شَغَرْتُهُ عَنِ الأَرْضِ I made him to go forth from the land: (AA, TA:) and شَغَرْتُ بَنِى فُلَانٍ

مِنْ مَوْضِعِ كَذَا I made the sons of such a one to go forth from such a place: (S:) or شَغَرُوا فُلَانًا عَنْ بَلَدِهِ They drove away, expelled, or banished. such a one from his country, or town; and the inf. n. is شَغْرٌ and شِغَارٌ. (TA.) b2: And i. q. تَفْرِقَةٌ [The act of scattering, or dispersing]. (K.) 3 شاغرهُ, (Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. شِغَارٌ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) He gave him in marriage a woman on the condition of his giving him in marriage another, without dowry [from either]; concubitus with each of the said women being [in lieu of] the dowry for the other: or it applies peculiarly to female relations [of the men so contracting]; (K;) so that the meaning is only he gave him in marriage his female relation on the condition of his doing the like to him: (TA:) or he gave him in marriage a female under his guardianship, the other man doing to him the like, on the condition that concubitus with each one of the said females should be [in lieu of] the dowry for the other: (Mgh, * Msb:) or he gave him in marriage his sister on the condition of receiving in marriage the other's sister, without any dowry beside this: (A:) or he said to him, Give me in marriage thy daughter, or thy sister, on the condition of my giving thee in marriage my daughter, or my sister, concubitus with each one of the said females being [in lieu of] the dowry of the other. (S.) The practice of شِغَار was common in the Time of Ignorance, (Msb,) but is forbidden to the Muslims. (S, A.) b2: شِغَارٌ also signifies Two men's going forth into the field from two armies, and, when one of them has almost overcome his fellow, two men's coming to aid one of them, whereupon the other cries out, لَا شِغَارَ لَا شِغَارَ: (TA:) or two men's acting wrongfully, or injuriously, towards another man: (K, TA:) thus expl. by ISd. (TA.) And The acting with enmity, or hostility. (TA.) 4 اشغر المَرْأَةَ: see 1.

A2: اشغرت الرُّفْقَةُ [and app. ↓ اشتغرت also (see the last sentence of this art.)] (assumed tropical:) The party journeying together withdrew by themselves from the beaten road. (K, TA.) b2: See also 8, first sentence. b3: اشغرت said of a she-camel, She went with wide steps, and quickly. (TA.) b4: See, again, 8.5 تشغّر He (a camel) exerted his utmost power, (K,) or spared no exertion, (A'Obeyd, S,) in his pace: (A'Obeyd, S, K:) or ran vehemently: (K:) or went a pace above that termed اللَّبَطَةُ. (TA.) b2: تشغّر فِى أَمْرٍ قَبِيحٍ He (a man, O) persevered in an evil, or a foul, affair, and went deep into it. (O, K. *) 8 اشتغر, (JK, T,) or ↓ اشغر, (S, K,) It (a watering-place) was on one side of the beaten track: (JK, T, S, K:) [both verbs may be correct: that the former is so appears from the fact that] a poet, cited in the T, [describing a water-ing-place,] uses the phrase ↓ بَعِيدُ الُشْتَغَرِ [app. meaning far off on one side of the road]. (TA.) See also 4. b2: اشتغر العَدَدُ The number was, or became, large. (S, K.) b3: اشتغر الإِبِلُ The camels were, or became, many and various. (K.) b4: اشتغرت عَلَيْهِ ضَيْعَتُهُ i. q. فَشَتْ, (A,) i. e. His affairs became disordered so that he knew not with which of them to begin. (TA in art. فشو.) b5: اشتغر الأَمْرُ The affair became confused: (K:) or became large, or wide, and great, بِفُلَانِ [with such a one]. (Az, TA.) b6: اشتغرت الحَرْبُ The war, or battle, became wide and great. (TA.) b7: اشتغر عَلَيْهِ حِسَابُهُ, (T, S, A,) in the K ↓ أَشْغَرَ, but the former is the right, (TA,) (tropical:) What he had to reckon was, or became, too diffuse and numerous to him; (T, K;) such that he could not find the way to sum it up. (S, A.) b8: ذَهَبَ فُلَانٌ يَعُدُّ بَنِى

فُلَانٍ فَاشْتَغَرُوا عَلَيْهِ Such a one went to number the sons of such a one, and they were too numerous for him. (TA.) b9: اشتغر فِى الفَلَاةِ He went far into the desert. (S, K.) b10: اشتغر عَلَيْنَا He exalted himself above us, and boasted against us. (K.) تَفَرَّقُوا شَغَرَ بَغَرَ and شِغَرَ بِغَرَ They dispersed themselves, or became dispersed, in every direction: (S, K:) and in like manner one says of sheep or goats, بَِغَرَ تَفَرَّقَتِ الغَنَمُ شَغَرَ: (TA:) شغر بغر is a compound of two nouns made into one, and indecl., with fet-h for the termination. (S.) The like is not said in the case of [persons &c.] coming, or advancing. (TA.) شَغْرَى A stone at which dogs raise the kind leg and make water, or to make water: (K:) so in the Tekmileh. (TA.) شَغَارٌ Empty. (Sgh, Msb, K.) b2: Also, used as sing. and pl., A well, and wells, having much water: (K:) or, as is said in the Nawádir, thus used, having much water; wide, or spacious, in the adjacent part where the camels lie down. (TA.) A2: Also, accord. to the K, Two veins, or ducts, (عِرْقَانِ,) in the side of the camel: but correctly, as in the Tekmileh, the شَغَارَانِ are the حَالِبَانِ, i. e. two veins or ducts, (عِرْقَان,) in the two sides of the camel. (TA.) شَغُورٌ A tall she-camel, that raises her legs (تَشْغَرُ بِقَوَائِمِهَا) when she is taken to be ridden (K, TA) or to be milked. (TA.) شَغَّارَةٌ A she-camel that raises her legs to strike [with them, or kick]. (TA.) شَاغِرٌ A dog raising one of his kind legs, and making water, or whether making water or not. (A.) b2: بَلْدَةٌ شَاغِرَةٌ بِرِجْلِهَا (tropical:) A country, or town, that does not defend itself from a hostile attack (S, A, K) made by any one, (S, K,) by reason of its being destitute (K, TA) of any to protect it. (TA.) And أَرْضٌ شَاغِرَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A land having no one remaining in it, to defend it, and to manage its affairs with prudence, precaution, or sound judgment. (K.) One says also, الأَرْضُ لَكُمْ شَاغِرَةٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) The land, or the earth, is wide, or ample, for you. (TA.) مُشْتَغَرٌ: see 8 [of which it is app. an inf. n.].

رُفْقَةٌ مُشْتَغِرَةٌ, A party journeying together far from the beaten road. (TA.)

شفر

1 شَفڤرَ The primary signification of [the inf. n.]

شفر [i. e. شَفْرٌ, of which the verb is app. شَفَرَ,] is The act of cutting, or cutting off; syn. قَطْعٌ. (Ham p. 57.) A2: شَفَرَهَا, (K,) inf. n. شَفْرٌ, (TA,) He struck her (a woman's) شُفْر (K, TA) in compressing her. (TA.) b2: And شَفَرَ [or app. شَفَرَ

إِنْسَانًا] He annoyed, molested, harmed, or hurt, a man. (IAar, O, TA.) A3: شَفِرَتْ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شَفَارَةٌ, She (a woman) was one whose gratification of her venereal lust (شَهْوَتُهَا) soon took place: (K:) or she emitted; [or, app., emitted soon;] syn. أَنْزَلَتْ. (TA.) A4: And شَفِرَ, aor. ـَ It decreased, diminished, or became defective or deficient. (IAar, K.) 2 شفّرها, (K,) inf. n. تَشْفِيرٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) He compressed her (i. e. a woman, Ibn-'Abbád, O) on the شُفْر of her فَرْج. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b2: And شَفَّرْتُ الشَّىْءَ, inf. n. as above, I eradicated, or extirpated, the thing. (TA.) A2: شفّر المَالُ, (O, K,) inf. n. as above, (K,) The property became little: (O, K:) and went away: (K:) from IAar. (TA.) b2: And شفّر said of a man, He gave little. (Ham p. 242.) b3: and شفّرت الشَّمْسُ (O, K) لِلْغُرُوبِ (O) (assumed tropical:) The sun became near to setting; (O, K;) being likened to a man whose property has become little, and gone away. (TA.) b4: And in like manner, (TA,) شفّر عَلَى أَمْرٍ (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K) and لِأَمْرٍ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) said of a man, (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, on the brink, or verge, of the affair, or event, or case. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) 4 اشفر is said in the Tekmileh to signify He (a camel) strove, or exerted himself, in running: but perhaps it should be اشغر, mentioned before [in art. شغر]. (TA.) شَفْرٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places.

شُفْرٌ The place of growth of the eyelash, (Sh, T, S, A, Msb, K,) which is the edge of the eyelid; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ شَفْرٌ (Kr, A, K) and ↓ شَفِيرٌ: (K:) or, accord. to some, this last signifies the upper side of the inner angle of the eye: (TA:) and with the vulgar, the first signifies the eyelash; but this is [said to be] a mistake: (IKt, Msb:) it occurs, however, in this sense, in a trad. of Esh-Shaabee; (IAth, TA;) and in like manner the pl. occurs in another trad.; but the word شَعَر should be considered as understood before it; or what grows is thus called by the name of the places of growth, and the like of this is not rare: (Mgh:) it is of the masc. gender: (Lh, K:) and the pl. is أَشْفَارٌ, (Sb, S, Mgh, Msb,) the only pl. form. (Sb, TA.) [Hence,] one says, ↓ مَا بِالدَّارِ شَفْرٌ, (Ks, Fr, T, S, Msb, K,) and شُفْرٌ, (Lh, Msb, K,) but Sh disallows this latter, (TA,) and ↓ شَفْرَةٌ, (Fr, Sgh, K,) (tropical:) There is not in the house any one: (S, Msb, K, &c.:) and مَا رَأَيْتُ

↓ مِنْهُمْ شَفْرًا (tropical:) I saw not of them any one: from the شفر of the eye: meaning one having a شفر: (A:) and شفر is also used in this sense without a negation. (TA.) One says likewise, مَا تَرَكَتِ السَّنَةُ ظُفْرًا وَلَا شُفْرًا (tropical:) The year of drought left not anything: and sometimes they said ↓ شَفْرًا, with fet-h, and in this case they said ظَفْرًا, for assimilation. (A.) b2: Also, (S A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ شَفِيرٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) The edge, border, margin, brink, brow, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or side, (A, K,) of anything; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) as of a valley and the like, (S,) or as of a river &c.: (Mgh and Msb, in relation to the latter word:) one says, النَّهْرِ ↓ قَعَدُوا عَلَى شَفِيرِ, and البِئْرِ, and القَبْرِ, They sat upon the side of the river, and of the well, and of the grave: (A:) and both words signify the side of the upper part of a valley. (K.) b3: and الشُّفْرُ, (K,) or شُفْرُ الفَرْجِ, (Msb,) and شُفْرُ المَرْأَةِ, (TA,) The edge, (Msb, K,) or border, (TA,) of the vulva, or external portion of the organs of generation, [meaning, of each of the labia majora,] of a woman: (Msb, K, TA:) pl. أَشْفَارٌ: (Msb:) the إِسْكَتَانِ are the two sides [or labia majora] of the vulva of a woman; and the شُفْرَانِ are the two borders of the said اسكتان: (AHeyth, Mgh, TA:) Lth says that the ↓ شَافِرَانِ are [two parts] of the pudendum muliebre: (TA:) and شُفْرُ الرَّحِمِ and ↓ شَافِرُهَا signify [in like manner] the edges of the vulva: (S:) and شُفْرَا المَرْأَةِ and ↓ شَافِرَاهَا, the two edges of the رَحِم [or vulva (for الرَّحِم is here used tropically, for الفَرْج, as it is in many other instances,)] of a woman. (TA.) شِفْرٌ: see شَفْرَةٌ, first sentence.

شَفَرٌ: see سَفَنٌ, first sentence.

شَفِرٌ [an epithet of which the fem. only is mentioned]. شَفِرَةٌ and ↓ شَفِيرَةٌ signify A woman who experiences the gratification of her venereal lust (شَهْوَتَهَا) in her شُفْر; so that she emits (تُنْزِلُ) speedily: or [in the CK “ and ”] who is content with the least of coitus: (K, TA:) contr. of قَعِرَةٌ and قَعِيرَةٌ. (TA.) شَفْرَةٌ A large knife; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ شِفْرَةٌ, though this is mentioned only by the author of the Mgh; (MF; [but it is not in my copy of the Mgh; and Golius mentions ↓ شُفْرَةٌ as having this signification, on the authority of Meyd;]) or a broad knife: (Mgh, Msb:) pl. شِفَارٌ (Msb, K) and شَفَرَاتٌ (Msb) and [coll. gen. n., of which شِفْرَةٌ is the n. un., or it may be a quasi-pl. n. of شَفْرَةٌ,] ↓ شِفْرٌ. (TA.) b2: And hence, (Mgh, TA,) (tropical:) A servant; (S, Mgh, TA;) because of his utility. (TA.) It is said in a prov., أَصْغَرُ القَوْمِ شَفْرَتُهُمْ (tropical:) The least of the party is their servant. (S, Mgh.) b3: Also A shoemaker's knife. (S, K.) b4: And A piece of iron made broad, and edged, or pointed. (K.) b5: A broad blade: so says the author of the Mgh. (TA. [But not in my copy of the Mgh.]) b6: The edge, or cutting part, (حَدّ,) of a sword: (S, Mgh, K:) or the edge of the cutting part of a sword. (TA. [See ذُبَابٌ.]) The side of a blade: (K:) or each of the two sides thereof. (AHn, TA.) [Each of the two sharp sides or edges of a spear-head and of an arrow-head.] b7: See also شُفْرٌ, second sentence.

شُفْرَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

شِفْرَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

شَفُورٌ i. q. زُنْبُورٌ The hornet, or hornets. (Golius, on the authority of Meyd.)]

شَفِيرٌ: see شُفْرٌ, in three places. b2: Also The edge of the lip of a camel. (K.) A2: شَفِيرَةٌ: see شَفِرَةٌ, voce شَفِرٌ.

يَرْبُوعٌ شُفَارِىٌّ A jerboa having hair upon its ears: (S:) or having large ears: or having long ears, and bare toes, [in the CK, for العَارِى البَرَاثِنِ, which is evidently the right reading, we find العالى البراثن,] not quickly overtaken: (K:) it is [of] a species of jerboa called ضَأْنُ اليَرَابِيعِ, the fattest and the best, with ears somewhat long: (TA:) or having long legs, and soft and fat flesh: (K:) it is said that it has a nail in the middle of its shank. (TA. [See تَدْمُرِىٌّ.]) b2: ضَبٌّ شُفَارِىٌّ A long and bulky [lizard of the kind called] ضبّ. (Ham p. 242.) b3: أُذُنٌ شُفَارِيَّةٌ (as also شُرَافِيَّةٌ [q. v.], TA) A large ear: (K:) or a bulky ear: (A'Obeyd, TA:) or a long ear: (Az, TA:) or a broad ear, soft in the upper part: (TA:) or an ear having much hair and fur. (Ham p. 242.) شَفَّارٌ The possessor of a شَفْرَة [or large knife]. (A, * TA.) شَافِرٌ, and its dual: see شُفْرٌ, last sentence, in three places.

A2: Also One who destroys, or makes away with, his property: so in the Tekmileh. (TA.) مَشْفَرٌ: see what next follows.

مِشْفَرٌ The lip of a camel; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ مَشْفَرٌ: (K:) and (tropical:) of a horse: (S, TA:) and (tropical:) of a human being: (K, TA:) or (tropical:) of an Abyssinian, as being likened to that of a camel: (A'Obeyd, TA:) pl. مَشَافِرُ. (S, K.) It is said in a prov., أَرَاكَ بَشَرٌ مَا أَحَارَ مِشْفَرٌ [lit. External skin hath shown thee what a lip hath transmitted to the stomach;] meaning, the external appearance hath rendered thee in no need of inquiring respecting the internal state: (S, K:) originally said of a camel; (TA;) for when you see his external skin, whether he be fat or lean, you take it as an indication of the quality of his food. (K, TA.) b2: Also The vulva, or external portion of the organs of generation, of a woman: (R, MF:) but this is strange. (TA.) b3: And (tropical:) A piece of land: and of sand: (K, TA:) each by way of comparison [to the lip of a camel]. (TA.) A2: Also A state of resistance; inaccessibleness, or unapproachableness: (K:) strength, or power; (K, * TA;) vehemence, or hardness, or firmness. (K, TA.) b2: And A state of perdition or destruction: and thus it is expl. as used in the saying mentioned by Meyd [in his Proverbs, perhaps the origin of this explanation], تَرَكْتُهُ عَلَى مِثْلِ مِشْفَرِ الأَسَدِ [which may be rendered I left him at the like of the lip of the lion]; (TA;) applied to him who is exposed to destruction. (Meyd, TA. *) عَيْشٌ مُشَفِرٌ Strait, scanty, subsistence. (O, K.)

شقر

1 شَقِرَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شَقَرٌ (M, L, Msb, K [in the CK and TA شَقْرٌ, which is evidently wrong,]) and شُقْرَةٌ, (Lth, K,) or the latter is a simple subst.; (M;) and شَقُرَ; and ↓ اِشْقَرَّ; (M, K;) He was, or became, of the colour termed شُقْرَةٌ. (M, L, Msb, K.) 9 إِشْقَرَّ see 1.

شَقْرٌ: see شُقُورٌ.

شَقِرٌ [The red, or blood-coloured, anemone;] i. q. شَقَائِقُ النُّعْمَانِ: (S, M, A, Msb, K:) it is not a sweet-scented flower: (Msb:) n. un. with ة; (S, M, Msb, K;) pl. [of the n. un.] شَقِرَاتٌ: (K:) as also ↓ شُقَّارٌ and ↓ شَقِرَانٌ, (so in some copies of the K,) the latter so written by IDrd and Sgh, and thought by IDrd to be a place or a plant, (TA,) or ↓ شُقْرَانٌ, (so in some copies of the K and in the TA,) and ↓ شُقَّارَى and ↓ شُقَارَى: (K:) or شَقِرٌ is the name of a certain other plant, not the شقائق, but red like it: (M, * K, * TA:) or it signifies cinnabar: (A:) or شَقِرَةٌ has this signification, (T, K,) as well as that first assigned to it above: (K:) and accord. to AHn, (M, TA,) ↓ شُقَّارَى is the name of a certain plant (S, M, TA) that grows is sands, having a pungent odour, which is tasted in the flavour of milk: and he adds that, accord. to some, it is the same as the شَقِر; but that this opinion is not well founded: (M, TA:) it is also said that it is a certain plant having a flower of a dingy red colour, the seed, or grain, of which is called خِمْخِمٌ: (TA:) and that ↓ شُقَّارَى (M, TA) and ↓ شُقَارَى, (M,) or ↓ شُقَّارٌ, (TA,) are names of a certain plant, having a flower of a colour somewhat of that termed شُكْلَةٌ, with slender, or delicate, dust-coloured leaves, which grows in the manner of قَضْب [a kind of trefoil], is approved in pasturage, and grows only in fruitful years. (M, TA.) جَآءَ بِالشُّقَرِ وَالبُقَرِ: see جآء بِالصُّقَرِ وَالبُقَرِ, in art. صقر.

شُقْرَةٌ The colours described in the explanations of the epithet أَشْقَرُ, below. (S, M, Msb, &c.) شَقِرَانٌ, or شُقْرَانٌ: see شَقِرٌ.

شَقِرَّاقٌ and its vars.: see in art. شقرق.

شَقُورٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places.

شُقُورٌ (AHeyth, Fr, A'Obeyd, S, K) and ↓ شَقُورٌ (AHeyth, As, Abu-l-Jarráh, S, K) A want; or a needful, or requisite, thing, affair, or business: (S, K:) or the former signifies wants: (Ham p.

716:) A'Obeyd says that the former word is the more correct, because شُقُورٌ signifies things, or affairs, that cleave to the heart, disquieting it; and is pl. of ↓ شَقْرٌ; and that ↓ شَقُورٌ, with fet-h, has the signification of an epithet [meaning cleaving to the heart and disquieting it]: (S:) or, accord. to some, this latter signifies grief, mourning, sorrow, or sadness; disquietude of mind: or disquietude of mind that causes one to be sleepless: the former is also expl. as signifying a man's case, and his secret: and ↓ both are also said to signify tidings: and a man's state, or condition. (TA.) One says, أَخْبَرْتُهُ بِشُقُورِى I acquainted him with my want; like as one says أَفْضَيْتُ إِلَيْهِ بِعُجَرِى

وَبُجَرِى: (S:) or I acquainted him with my tidings. (TA.) And أَفْضَيْتُ إِلَيْهِ بِشُقُورِى I acquainted him with my case, and with what I kept secret from others; (TA;) and so نَفَضْتُ لَهُ شُقُورِى: (Ham p. 716:) or I revealed to him my secret, and acquainted him with all my affairs. (Mgh.) And ↓ بَثَّهُ شَقُورَهُ, and شُقُورَهُ, He complained to him of his state, or condition. (M, TA.) شُقَارَى: see شَقِرٌ, in two places: A2: and see also جَآءَ بِالصُّقَرِ وَالبُقَرِ, in art. صقر.

شُقَّارٌ: see شَقِرٌ, in two places.

شُقَّارَى: see شَقِرٌ, in three places.

أَشْقَرُ, applied to a man, [Of a ruddy complexion combined with fairness: or] of a clear ruddy complexion, with the outer skin inclining to white: (S:) or having a red, or ruddy, tinge, over a white, or fair, complexion: (M, Msb, K:) and applied to a horse, [of a sorrel colour;] of a clear red colour, (S, IF, Msb,) or of a red colour inclining to [the dull red hue called] مُغْرَةٌ, (M, K,) with a red mane and tail: (S, M, K:) when the mane and tail are black, the epithet كُمَيْتٌ [meaning bay, or dark bay, or brown,] is applied to the horse: (S:) the اشقر is said to be the best of horses: (IAar, M: [but it is said in Har p. 399 to be regarded by the Arabs as of evil omen:]) and applied to a camel, intensely red: (S:) or of a colour resembling that of a horse thus termed: (M:) fem. شَقْرَآءُ: and pl. شُقْرٌ. (Msb.) b2: Also, applied to blood, That has become thick, (مَا صَارَ عَلَقًا, M, Msb, TA,) and not been overspread with dust. (Msb, TA.) b3: And the fem., شَقْرَآءُ, is used as [a subst.] signifying Fire. (Ham p. 718.)

نبط

1 نَبَطَ, aor. ـُ and نَبِطَ, inf. n. نُبُوطٌ (S, K) and نَبْطٌ, (K,) It (water) welled, or issued forth. (S, K.) A2: See also 4.2 نَبَّطَ see 4.3 نَاْبَطَ see 10.4 انبط He (a digger) reached the water: (AA, S:) or reached the first that appeared of the water of a well, (K, TA,) and produced it, or fetched it out, by his labour. (TA.) and انبط فِى عَضْرَآءَ He produced, or fetched out, by labour, water from good clay, or from clay containing no sand. (TA.) A2: [It is also trans.: you say,] انبط الرَّكِيَّةَ; and ↓ استنبطها; (M, K;) and ↓ نبّطها; (IAar, M, TA;) in the K ↓ تنبّطها; (TA;) and ↓ نَبَطَهَا, (M, K [in the CK with teshdeed to the ب]) aor. ـِ (TA,) inf. n. نَبْطٌ; (M;) He produced, or fetched out, by his labour [in digging], the water of the well; syn. أَمَاهَهَا; (M, K;) and of the first, (TA,) and last, (TA,) [or rather of all,] استخرج مَآءَهَا. (K, TA.) And انبط المَآءَ, inf. n. إِنْبَاطٌ; and ↓ استنبطهُ; He (a digger [of a well]) produced, or fetched out, by his labour, or work, the water. (Msb.) b2: See also 10, in five places.

A3: إِنْبَاطٌ also signifies The producing an effect, or making an impression; syn. تَأثيرٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád, Sgh, K.) 5 تَنَبَّطَ see 4: b2: and 10.

A2: تنبّط also signifies He affected to be like, or imitated, the نَبَط [or Nabathæans]: or he asserted himself to be related to them. (K, TA.) [Compare 10, in the last of the senses assigned to it below.]8 إِنْتَبَطَ see 10.10 استنبط: see 4, in two places: its primary signification is [that mentioned above,] from نَبَطٌ signifying the “ water that comes forth from a well when it is first dug. ” (Zj.) b2: And hence, (Zj,) He drew out, or forth; extracted; educed; produced; elicited; fetched out by labour or art; got out; or extorted; syn. اسْتَخْرَجَ; (Zj, S;) a thing: (Zj:) and (assumed tropical:) He made anything to appear after occultation; as also ↓ انبط; (B;) [i. e. he brought it to light:] and اُسْتُنْبِطَ (assumed tropical:) it (anything) was made apparent, after occultation; as also ↓ أُنْبِطَ: (K:) or the latter, [simply,] (assumed tropical:) it was made apparent. (L.) And [hence] (tropical:) He (a lawyer) elicited (استخرج) an occult, or esoteric, doctrine of law, by his intelligence, and his labour, or study: (K, TA:) or you say استنبطهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) he elicited it (استخرجهُ), namely a judicial sentence, by labour, or study; as also ↓ انبطهُ, inf. n. إِنْبَاطٌ: (Msb:) or (assumed tropical:) he searched out the knowledge of it. (Jel. iv. 85.) And استنبط مِنْهُ عِلْمًا, and خَيْرًا, and مَالًا, (tropical:) He drew forth, elicited, or extorted, (استخرج,) from him knowledge, and good, or wealth, and property. (TA.) And ↓ نِبَاطٌ [app. an inf. n. of نَابَطَ] signifies the same as إِسْتِنْبَاط حَدِيتٍ (assumed tropical:) The drawing forth, or eliciting, (إِسْتَخْرَاج) of discourse. (TA.) And الكَلَامَ ↓ تنبّط, accord. to the K, or, accord. to Sgh, on the authority of Ibn-'Abbád, ↓ انتبطهُ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He drew forth, or elicited, (استخرج,) speech. (Ibn-'Abbád, Sgh, K.) And العِلْمَ ↓ انبط (tropical:) He revealed knowledge, and spread it among men. (TA.) b3: استنبط الفَرَسَ (assumed tropical:) He sought to obtain offspring from the mare: occurring in a trad.: but accord. to one relation, it is إِسْتَبْطَنَهَا, meaning, “he sought what was in her belly. ” (TA.) A2: He (a man) became a [naturalized] نَبَطِىّ [or Nabathæan]. (S, * TA.) It is said by Eiyoob Ibn-El-Kirreeyeh, أَهْلُ عُمَانَ عَرَبٌ اسْتَنْبَطُوا وَأَهْلُ البَحْرَيْنِ نَبِيطٌ اسْتَعْرَبُوا [The people of 'Omán are Arabs who became naturalized Nabathæans, and the people of ElBahreyn are Nabathæans who became naturalized Arabs]. (S, TA.) [See also 5.]

نَبَطٌ What first appears of the water of a well (IDrd, K) when it is dug; (IDrd;) as also ↓ نُبْطَةٌ: (K:) or the water that comes forth from a well when it is first dug: (Zj:) or the water that issues forth from the bottom of a well when it is dug; (S, accord. to one copy;) or this is termed ↓ نَبِيطٌ: (S, accord. to another copy; and TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَنْبَاطٌ and [of mult.] نُبُوطٌ. (TA.) b2: [Hence the saying,] فُلَانٌ قَرِيبُ الثَّرَى بَعِيدُ النَّبَطِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one's promising is near, [but] his fulfilling is remote: i. e. he promises, but does not fulfil. (IAar.) And فلان لَا يُدْرَكُ نَبَطُهُ, (TA,) and لَا يُدْرَكُ لَهُ نَبَطٌ, (ISd, TA,) (tropical:) Such a one's depth is not known, (K, * TA,) and the extent of his knowledge: (TA:) or such a one's depth is not known; meaning that he is cunning, or possessing intelligence mixed with craft and forecast. (ISd, TA.) And فُلَانٌ لَا يُنَالُ نَبَطُهُ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is invincible, and inaccessible to his enemy. (TA.) b3: نَبَطٌ also signifies A well of which the water has been produced, or fetched out, by labour [of the digger]. (S, TA.) b4: And What oozes, or exudes, from a mountain, as though it were sweat, coming forth from the sides of the rock. (TA.) A2: النَّبَطُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ النَّبِيطُ, (S, Msb, K,) and الأَنْبَاطُ, (K,) the last is a pl. (AAF, S, Msb) of the first, (AAF,) and the second is [a quasi-pl. n.] like كَلِيبٌ, (AAF, L,) [The Nabathæans;] a people who alight and abide in the بَطَائِح [see أَبْطَحُ] between the two 'Iráks: (S, K:) or a people (T, M, Mgh, Msb) who alight and abide, (T, TA,) or who used to alight and abide, (Msb,) in the سَوَاد (T, M, Mgh, Msb) of El-'Irák:) (M, Mgh, Msb:) afterwards applied to mixed people; or people of the lowest or basest or meanest sort; or the refuse of men; and the vulgar sort thereof: (Msb:) the people to whom these appellations properly apply were called نَبَط because of their fetching out by labour (لِاسْتِنْبَاطِهِمْ) what comes forth from the lands: (TA:) [for they were distinguished for agriculture; and hence their proper appellations are used as equivalent to “ clowns,” or “ boors: ”

but a derivation commonly obtaining with us is that from Nebaioth the son of Ishmael:] the n. un. is ↓ نُبَاطِىٌّ, (Yaakoob, IAar, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ نَبَاطِىٌّ, (IAar, S, Msb, K,) like يَمَانِىٌّ, (S,) and ↓ نِبَاطِىٌّ, (K,) and ↓ نَبَاطٍ, (S, K,) like يَمَانٍ, (S,) and ↓ نَبَطِىٌّ, (S, K,) like يَمَنِىٌّ, (S,) but this is disallowed by IAar, (Mgh, TA,) and, accord. to Lth, ↓ نَبَطَانِىٌّ, but this [also] is disallowed by IAar. (Msb.) نُبْطَةٌ: see نَبَطٌ.

نَبَطِىٌّ: see نَبَطٌ.

نَبَطَانِىٌّ: see نَبَطٌ.

نَبَاطٌ: see نَبَطٌ.

نَبِيطٌ: and النَّبِيطٌ: see نَبَطٌ.

نَبَاطِىٌّ and نُبَاطِىٌّ and نِبَاطِىٌّ: see نَبَطٌ.