علم الشعر
لم يتكلم عليه في كشف الظنون سوى ذكر اسمه وسيأتي في باب القاف.
وفي المستطرف من كل فن مستطرف فصل في ذكر الشعر والشعراء وسرقاتهم وكذا في محاضرات الأدباء وغيرهما من كتب الأدب.
والشعر بالكسر وسكون العين لغة الكلام الموزون المقفى كما في المنتخب. وعند أهل العربية: الكلام الذي قصد إلى وزنه وتقفيته قصدا أوليا والمتكلم بهذا الكلام يسمى شاعراً.
فمن يقصد المعنى فيصدر عنه كلام موزون مقفى لا يكون شاعرا وعلى هذا فلا يكون القرآن والحديث شعر العدم القصد إلى وزن اللفظ قصد أوليا ويؤيد ما ذكرنا أنك إذا تتبعت كلام الناس في الأسواق تجد فيه ما يكون موزونا واقعا في بحر من بحور الشعر ولا يسمى المتكلم به شاعرا ولا الكلام شعر العدم القصد إلى اللفظ أولا وبالجملة.
فالشعر ما قصد وزنه أولا بالذات ثم يتكلم به مراعى جانب الوزن فيتبعه المعنى فلا يرد ما يتوهم من أن الله تعالى لا تخفى عليه خافية وفاعل بالاختيار فالكلام الموزون الصادر عنه سبحانه معلوم له تعالى كونه موزونا وصادرا عن قصد واختيار فلا معنى لنفي كون وزنه مقصودا لأن الكلام الموزون وإن صدر عنه تعالى عن قصد واختيار ولكن لم يصدر عن قصد أولي هو المراد ههنا فتأمل كذا ذكره الحلبي في حاشية شرح المواقف.
ولا بأس بالشعر إذا كان توحيدا أو حثا على مكارم الأخلاق من جهاد وعبادة وحفظ فرج وغض بصر وصلة رحم وشبهها أو مدحا للنبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم - والصالحين بما هو الحق وكان أبو بكر وعمر شاعرين وكان علي أشعر الثلاثة ولما نزل {وَالشُّعَرَاءُ يَتَّبِعُهُمُ الْغَاوُونَ} الآية جاء حسان وابن رواحــة وغيرهما إلى النبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم - وكان غالب شعرهم توحيدا وذكرا فقالوا: يا رسول الله قد نزلت هذه الآية والله يعلم إنا شعراء فقال - صلى الله عليه وسلم -: "إن المؤمن يجاهد بسيفه ولسانه وإن الذي ترمونهم به نضح النبل". ذكره أحمد الرازي في تفسيره.
وقال البيضاوي تحت قوله سبحانه: {وَالشُّعَرَاءُ يَتَّبِعُهُمُ الْغَاوُونَ، أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّهُمْ فِي كُلِّ وَادٍ يَهِيمُونَ} لأن أكثر مقدماتهم خيالات لا حقيقة لها وأغلب كلماتهم في النسيب بالحرم وذكر صفات النساء والغزل والابتهاء وتمزيق الأعراض في القدح في الأنساب والوعد الكاذب والافتخار الباطل ومدح من لا يستحقه والإطراء فيه ثم قال قوله: {إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا} الآية استثناء للشعراء المؤمنين الصالحين الذين يكثرون ذكر الله ويكون أكثر أشعارهم في التوحيد والثناء على الله والحث على طاعته ولو قالوا: اهجوا أرادوا به الانتصار ممن هجاهم مكافحة هجاة المسلمين كابن رواحــة وحسان بن ثابت وكعب بن مالك وكعب بن زهير وكان عليه السلام يقول لحسان: قل وروح القدس معك. انتهى.
ذكر أبو الحسن الأهوازي في كتاب القوافي أن الشعر عند العرب ينقسم إلى أربعة أقسام:
الأول: القصيدة وهو الوافي الغير المجز ولأنهم يصدوا به إثم ما يكون من ذلك الجنس.
الثاني: الرمل وهو المجز ورباعيا كان أو سداسيا لأنه اقصر عن الأول فشبه بالرمل في الطواف وقد يسمى هذا أيضا قصيدة.
والثالث: الرجز وهو ما كان على ثلاثة أجزاء كمشطور الرجز والسريع سمي بذلك لتقارب أجزائه وقلة حروفه تشبيها بالناقة التي في مشيها ضعف لداء يعتريها.
الرابع: الخفيف وهو المنهوك وأكثر ما جاء في ترقيص الصبيان واستقاء الماء من الآبار وإنما يدعى الرامل شاعرا إذا كان الغالب على شعره القصيدة فإن كان الغالب عليه الرجز سمي راجزا انتهى. قلت: وللشعر أقسام كثيرة غير ما ذكر يعرفها الشاعرون وهي مدونة في كتب هذا الفن وقد تقدم الكلام منا على ذلك في القسم الأول من هذا الكتاب وإنما تعرضنا بالشعر في هذا المقام ضبطا لأطراف العلوم.
والشعر عند المنطقيين هو القياس المركب من مقدمات يحصل للنفس منها القبض والبسط ويسمى قياسا شعريا كما إذا قيل: الخمر ياقوتية سيالة تنبسط النفس ولو قيل العسل مرة مهوعة تنقبض والغرض منه ترغيب النفس وهذا معنى ما قيل هو قياس مؤلف من المخيلات. والمخيلات تسمى: قضايا شعرية وصاحب القياس الشعري يسمى: شاعرا كذا في شرح المطالع وحاشية السيد علي إيساغوجي.
وشعراء العرب على طبقات:
جاهليون: كامرئ القيس وطرفة وزهير.
ومخضرمون: المخضرم من قال الشعر في الجاهلية ثم أدرك الإسلام كلبيد وحسان.
ومتقدمون: ويقال الإسلاميون وهم الذين كانوا في صدر الإسلام كجرير والفرزدق.
ومولدون: وهم من بعدهم كبشار.
ومحدثون: وهم من بعدهم كأبي تمام والبحتري.
ومتأخرون: كمن حدث بعدهم من شعراء الحجاز والعراق ولا يستدل في استعمال الألفاظ بشعر هؤلاء بالاتفاق كما يستدل بالجاهلين والمخضرمين والإسلاميين بالاتفاق.
واختلف في المحدثين فقيل: لا يستشهد بشعرهم مطلقا واختاره الزمخشري ومن حذا حذوه وقيل لا يستهشد بشعرهم إلا بجعلهم بمنزلة الراوي فيما يعرف أنه لا مساغ فيه سوى الرواية ولا مدخل فيه للدراية هذا خلاصة ما في الخفاجي وغيره من حواشي البيضاوي في تفسير قوله تعالى: {كُلَّمَا أَضَاءَ لَهُمْ مَشَوْا فِيهِ} كذا في كشاف اصطلاحات الفنون والكلام على فن الشعر وحسنه وقبحه والشعراء يطول جدا لا يسع له هذه المقام.

الحاضِرُ:
بالضاد معجمة: من رمال الدهناء، والحاضر في الأصل خلاف البادي، والحاضر الحي العظيم، يقال حاضر طيّء، وهو جمع، كما يقال سامر للسّمّار وحاجّ للحجاج، وقال حسان:
لنا حاضر فعم وناد، كأنه ... قطين الإله عزة وتكرّما
وفلان حاضر بمكان كذا أي مقيم به، ويقال: على الماء حاضر، وفي كتاب الفتوح للبلاذري: كان بقرب حلب حاضر يدعى حاضر حلب بجمع أصنافا من العرب من تنوخ وغيرهم، جاءه أبو عبيدة بعد فتح قنّسرين فصالح أهله على الجزية ثم أسلموا بعد ذلك، وكانوا مقيمين وأعقابهم به إلى بعيد وفاة أمير المؤمنين الرشيد، ثم إن أهل ذلك الحاضر حاربوا أهل مدينة حلب وأرادوا إخراجهم عنها فكتب الهاشميون من أهلها إلى جميع من حولهم من قبائل العرب يستنجدونهم، فسارعوا إلى إنجادهم وكان أسبقهم إلى ذلك العباس بن زفر الهلالي، فلم يكن لأهل الحاضر بهم طاقة فأجلوهم عن حاضرهم وخربوه، وذلك في فتنة محمد الأمين بن الرشيد، فانتقلوا إلى قنّسرين فتلقاهم أهلها بالأطعمة والكسى، فلما دخلوا أرادوا التغلب عليها، فأخرجوهم عنها فتفرقوا في البلاد، قال: فمنهم قوم بتكريت وقد رأيتهم، ومنهم قوم بأرمينية وفي بلدان كثيرة متباينة، آخر ما ذكره البلاذري. والذي شاهدناه نحن من حاضر حلب أنها محلة كبيرة كالمحلة العظيمة بظاهر حلب، بين بنائها وسور المدينة رمية سهم من جهة القبلة والغرب، ويقال لها حاضر السليمانية، ولا نعرف السليمانية، وأكثر سكانها تركمان مستعربة من أولاد الأجناد، وبه جامع حسن مفرد تقام فيه الخطبة والجمعة، والأسواق الكثيرة من كل ما يطلب، ولها وال يستقل بها حاضر قنسرين. قال أحمد بن يحيى بن جابر:
كان حاضر قنسرين لتنوخ منذ أول ما أناخوا بالشام ونزلوه وهم في خيم الشعر ثم ابتنوا به المنازل، ولما فتح أبو عبيد قنسرين دعا أهل حاضرها إلى الإسلام فأسلم بعضهم وأقام بعضهم على النصرانية فصالحهم على الجزية، وكان أكثر من أقام على النصرانية بني سليح ابن حلوان بن عمران بن الحاف بن قضاعة، وأسلم من أهل ذلك الحاضر جماعة في خلافة المهدي فكتب على أيديهم بالحضرة قنسرين، وقال عكرشة العبسي يرثي بنيه:
سقى الله أجداثا ورائي تركتها ... بحاضر قنسرين، من سبل القطر
مضوا لا يريدون الــرواح، وغالهم، ... من الدهر، أسباب جرين على قدر
ولو يستطيعون الــرواح تروّحوا ... معي، أو غدوا في المصبحين على ظهر
لعمري! لقد وارت وطمّت قبورهم ... أكفّا شداد القبض بالأسل السمر
يذكّرنيهم كل خير رأيته ... وشرّ، فما أنفكّ منهم على ذكر
وينسب إلى أحد هذه الحواضر سليم أبو عامر، قال الحافظ أبو القاسم الدمشقي: هو من الحاضر من نواحي حلب، أدرك أبا بكر الصديق، رضي الله عنه، وروى عنه وعن عمر وعثمان وعمار بن ياسر وشهد فتح دمشق، روى عنه ثابت بن عجلان، وكان ممن سباه خالد بن الوليد من حاضر حلب، قال:
فلما قدمنا المدينة على أبي بكر، رضي الله عنه، جعلني في المكتب فكان المعلم يقول لي: اكتب الميم فإذا لم أحسنها قال دوّرها واجعلها مثل عين البقرة، قال عبد الله المؤلف: إنما فتحت قنسرين ونواحيها في أيام عمر، رضي الله عنه، ولم يطرق خالد نواحي حلب إلّا في أيام عمر، رضي الله عنه، وأما نفوذه من العراق إلى الشام في أيام أبي بكر، رضي الله عنه، فكان على سماوة كلب، وقد روي أنه مرّ بتدمر وكان عرّج على الحاضر حاضر طيء، وكان هذا الرجل قد خرج إلى البادية فصادفه، والله أعلم به. وحاضر طيء: كانت طيء قد نزلته قديما بعد حرب الفساد الذي كان بينهم حين نزل الجبلين منهم من نزل، فلما ورد عليهم أبو عبيدة أسلم بعضهم وصالح كثير منهم على الجزية ثم أسلموا بعد ذلك بيسير إلا من شذّ منهم.

نسخ

1 نَسَخَ, aor. ـَ (L, K,) inf. n. نَسْخٌ; and ↓ انتسخ; (L;) He, or it, annulled, superseded, obliterated, effaced, or cancelled, (L, K,) a thing, بِشَىْءٍ آخَرَ by another thing. (L.) It annulled, or superseded, a thing, and took the place of it. (L.) Ex. نَسَخَتِ الشَّمْسُ الظِّلَ, and ↓ انتسخته, (tropical:) The sun annulled, or superseded, the shade, (S, L,) and took the place of it. (L.) نَسَخَ الشَّيْبُ الشَّبَابَ (tropical:) Hoariness took the place of youth. (A, Msb.) Also, نَسَخَ He annulled, superseded, abolished, or made void, a thing, substituting for it another thing. (K.) Ex. نَسَخَ

آيَةً He (God) abrogated, annulled, or superseded, the verse of the Kur-án, (Lth, Fr, S, L,) substituting for it another; (Lth, Fr, L;) بِالْآيَةِ by the [i. e. another] verse: (S:) or he changed it by substituting for it another: نَسَخَ signifying he changed a thing by substituting for it another thing. (IAar, L.) [See also 4.] Legal نَسْخ, or abrogation, may respect the letter and the force of command, or one of these; whether the command have been performed, as is generally the case, or have not been performed, as in the case of the sacrifice of Ishmael, [or, as some of the Muslims say, agreeably with the Bible narrative, Isaac,] for Abraham was commanded to sacrifice him, and then the command was abrogated before its execution. (Msb.) b2: Also, نَسَخَ He, or it, changed, or altered, a thing. (K.) Ex. نَسَخَتِ الرِّيحُ آثَارَ الدَّارِ The wind changed, or altered, [or, it may also be rendered, obliterated, or effaced,] the traces of the dwelling. (S.) b3: نَسَخَهُ He transformed him, or metamorphosed him, into a worse, or more foul, or more ugly, shape; i. q. مَسَخَهُ: (K:) ex. نَسَخَهُ اللّٰهُ قِرْدًا God transformed him into an ape. (Fr, Aboo-Sa'eed.) b4: [Also, as used in post-classical, and perhaps in classical, times, He (God) caused his soul to pass into the body of another man.] The connexion of the soul of a human being, after its departure from the body, with the body of another human being, is termed نَسْخٌ; with the body of a beast, مَسْخٌ; with a plant, فَسْخٌ; and with an inanimate and not-increasing body, رَسْخٌ. (Marginal note in a copy of the KT.) [But see 1 (last sentence) in art. فسخ. See also 6.]

b5: نَسَخَ He transferred a thing from one place to another, it remaining the same: (TA:) he transferred what was in a bee-hive to another [hive or place]. (K.) b6: نَسَخَ الكِتَابَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. نَسْخٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ انتسخهُ, (S, Msb, K,) and استنسخهُ; (S, K;) are syn., (S,) signifying He copied, or transcribed, the writing, or book, (T, Msb, K,) letter for letter. (T.) b7: مَا نَسَخَهُ وَإِنَّمَا مَسَخَهُ [He has not copied it, but only corrupted it by changing the diacritical points and altering the meanings]. (A.) b8: ↓ نَسْتَنْسِخُ, in the Kur, xlv. 28, signifies We set down, or register, and preserve: (Jel:) or We command to be transcribed and to be set down, or registered. (T.) 3 نَاْسَخَ see 6.4 انسخ He (God) made a verse of the Kur-án to be abrogated, annulled, or superseded, by another verse: (Z, MF:) or found it to be so; like أَحْمَدَهُ “ he found him, or it, to be praised, or praiseworthy. ” (AAF.) In the Kur, ii. 100, Ibn-'Ámir reads مَا نُنْسِخْ for ما نَنْسَخْ. (TA.) [See also 1.]6 تناسخت الأَشْيَآءُ The things succeeded one another, one taking the place of another. (L.) b2: تناسخت القُرُونُ, (A, Msb,) and الأَزْمِنَةُ, (Msb, K,) (tropical:) The times succeeded, one in the place of another; (Msb, K;) one passing away after another. (K.) b3: تناسخت الوَرَثَةُ, (tropical:) [The heirs died, one after another, and so cancelled their rights to inheritance]. (A.) تَنَاسُخٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَنَاسُخَةٌ (K) in the case of an inheritance, (S, K,) or with respect to the fixed primary portions of an inheritance assigned by the Kur-án, is The dying of heirs after other heirs while the original inheritance remains undivided. (S, K.) b4: تناسخ It became changed from one state to another. (L.) b5: تناسخت الأَــرْوَاحُ (tropical:) [The souls transmigrated]. (MF.) تَنَاسُخٌ, [The transmigration of the soul from one human body to another, is thus explained;] the connexion of the soul with the body after its separation from another body, without the intervention (تَخَلُّل) of any time between the two connexions, by reason of the essential love subsisting between the soul and the body. (KT; in some copies of which تحلّل is put for تخلّل.) [See also 1.]

نُسْخَةٌ A copy, or transcript: (S, L, Msb, K:) so called because it supplies the place of the original: (L:) pl. نُسَخٌ. (Msb.) b2: Also, A copy, or an original, from which a transcript is made: (L:) [pl. as above].

نُسَخِيَّةٌ: see نَسِيخَةٌ.

بَلْدَةٌ نَسِيخَةٌ, and ↓ نُسَخِيَّةٌ, A distant town, or district, or country. (K.) b2: [A transverse or cross wind. See نَيِّحَة in art. نوح.]

نَاسِخٌ and ↓ مُنْتَسِخٌ A copier, or transcriber, of a writing or writings, or of a book or books. (L.) b2: آيَةٌ نَاسِخَةٌ A verse of the Kur-án that abrogates, annuls, or supersedes, another verse. (S.) [See 1.] [And so,] ↓ آيَةٌ مَنْسُوخَةٌ A verse of the Kur-án that is abrogated, annulled, or superseded, by another verse. (S.) b3: [نَاسِخٌ An epithet applied to a particle, (namely, إِنَّ and the like, and مَا and لا,) or a verb, (namely, the abstract كَان and the like, and كَادَ and the like, and ظَنَّ and the like,) which effects a change of the grammatical form, or of the meaning, in a nominal proposition before which it is placed.

الخُرُوفُ الناسِخَةُ لِلْإِبْتِدَآءِ The particles which annul the quality of the inchoative.]

التَّنَاسُخِيَّةُ (K) (tropical:) The sect which holds the doctrine of تَنَاسُخُ الأَــرْوَاحِ [or the transmigration of souls], and denies the resurrection. (MF.) مَنْسُوخٌ and ↓ مُنْتَسَخٌ A writing, or book, copied, or transcribed. (Msb.) b2: See نَاسِخٌ.

مُنْتَسَخٌ: see مَنْسُوخٌ.

مُنْتَسِخٌ: see نَاسِخٌ.

صبو

1 صَبَا, (S, M, K,) aor. ـْ inf. n. صَبْوَةٌ, (S,) or صَبْوٌ, (M, K,) and صُبُوٌّ (S, M, K) and صِبًا [also written صِبًى, in the CK (erroneously) صَبًى,] and صَبَآءٌ, (M, K,) [app., in its primary acceptation, He was a youth, or boy, or child; agreeably with an explanation of a phrase in what follows, and with explanations of صِبًا and صَبَآءٌ which will be found below: b2: and hence,] He was, or became, youthfully ignorant, or foolish, or silly: (M, K:) [and, as seems to be indicated in the TA, he indulged in amorous dalliance; a sense in which the verb, more especially with صِبًا (q. v. infrà) for its inf. n., is very frequently used:] or he inclined to ignorant, or foolish, or silly, and youthful, conduct; and in like manner ↓ تصابى; from الصِّبَا, which is from الشَّوْق [i. e. “ desire ”]: (S: [see an ex. of the inf. n. of the latter verb in a verse cited voce شَابَ, in art. شيب:]) or صِبًا and صَبَآءٌ, as inf. ns., signify the inclining the heart to any one; and have other significations expl. in what follows: and ↓ تَصَابٍ signifies the manifesting passionate love, and desire: (KL:) [but صِبًا and صَبَآءٌ are often used in different senses: thus Et-Tebreezee says that] in the following hemistich of a poem by Dureyd Ibn-Es-Simmeh, صَبَا مَا صَبَا حَتَّى عَلَا الشَّيْبُ رَأْسَهُ the first صبا may be from الصِّبَى [or الصِّبَا], and the second صبا from الصَّبَآءُ signifying الفَتَآءُ; so that the meaning may be, He engaged in play, or sport, and الصِّبَى [or amorous dalliance, &c.], as long as he was a youth, [until hoariness came upon his head;] or the meaning may be, he engaged in الصِّبِى as long as he engaged therein, &c. (Ham p. 380.) And صَبِىَ, (S, M, K,) [aor. ـْ inf. n. صَبَآءٌ, (S,) or صِبًا, (M,) [or both, as will appear from what follows,] signifies He played, or sported, with the صِبْيَان [i. e. youths, or boys, or children]: (S:) or he acted in the manner of the صِبْيَان: (M, K: *) or both صِبًا and صَبَآءٌ, as inf. ns., signify the acting as a youth, or boy, or child; and the playing, or sporting, with youths, or boys, or children: (KL:) and ↓ تصبّى and ↓ تصابى, said of an old man, signify he acted in a youthful, boyish, or childish, manner. (TA.) b3: صَبَا, inf. n. صُبُوٌّ and صَبْوَةٌ, also signifies He inclined. (Msb.) You say, صَبَا إِلَيْهَا He inclined to her, namely, a woman; as also صَبِىَ: and in like manner, صَبَتْ إِلَيْهِ and صَبِيَتْ [She inclined to him]. (M. [See also صُبٌّ, in art. صب.]) And صَبَا إِلَيْهِ, (M,) or إِلَيْهَا, (K,) inf. n. صَبْوَةٌ (M, K) and صُبْوَةٌ (K) and صُبُوٌّ; (M, K;) and صَبِىَ; (K;) He yearned towards, longed for, or desired, (M, K,) him, (M,) or her: (K.) b4: [Hence, app.,] صَبَتِ النَّخْلَةُ, (M, K,) aor. ـْ (M,) The [female] palm-tree inclined, or leaned, towards the male palm-tree that was distant from it. (M.) b5: And صَبَتِ الرَّاعِيَةُ, (M, K,) aor. ـْ (M,) inf. n. صُبُوٌّ, The pasturing beast inclined its head and put it upon the pasturage. (M, K.) [See also 2.]

A2: صَبَتْ, (S, M, K,) aor. ـْ (S, M,) inf. n. صُبُوٌّ (S, M, K) and صَبًا, (M, K,) in [some of] the copies of the K صَبَاء, (TA,) said of the wind called الصَّبَا, (S, M, K,) It blew. (K.) b2: And صُبِىَ القَوْمُ, (M, K,) like عُنِىَ, (K,) The people, or party, were blown upon by the wind called الصَّبَا. (M, K.) 2 صبّى رَأْسَهُ, inf. n. تَصْبِيَةٌ, He inclined his head towards the ground. (TA.) [See also 1, near the end.]3 صابى رُمْحَهُ, (T, S, *, M, K, TA,) inf. n. مُصَابَاةٌ, (TA,) He inclined his spear, (M, K,) or he lowered the head of his spear towards the ground, (T, TA,) [or, as the context in the S seems to indicate, he inverted his spear,] to pierce, or thrust, (T, M, K,) with it. (M, TA.) b2: صابى السَّيْفَ He put the sword into its غِمْد [which generally means its scabbard] (S, M, K,) or into its قِرَاب [which generally means its case for enclosing it together with its scabbard,] (TA,) reversed, or inverted: (S, M, K, TA:) or, accord. to the A, صابى سَيْفَهُ, and سِكِّينَهُ, means he put his sword, and his knife, into its قِرَاب not in the right manner: and one says to one who hands a knife, صَابِ سِكِّينَكَ i. e. Reverse thy knife, putting the handle towards me. (TA.) b3: صابى بِنَآءَهُ He made his building to incline, or lean. (K.) b4: صابى مَشَافِرَهُ He (a camel) inverted his lips on the occasion of drinking. (K.) b5: صابى الشَّيْخَ He, or it, overturned the old man; and made him to incline. (TA.) b6: صابى البَيْتَ, (M, K,) i. e. البَيْتَ مِنَ الشِّعْرِ, (TA,) He recited the verse not rightly, or not regularly. (M, K, TA. [In the CK, صاباهُ البَيْتَ.]) and صابى الكَلَامَ He made the speech, or language, to deviate from its proper course, or tenour. (M, K.) b7: صَابَيْنَا عَنِ الحَمْضِ is a phrase mentioned by Az as meaning We turned away from the [plants called] حمض. (TA.) b8: And one says, الجَوَارِى يُصَابِينَ فِى السِّتْرِ, meaning يطلعن [i. e.

يَطَّلِعْنَ, but I think that فِى is a mistranscription for مِن, and that the meaning is, The girls, or young women, look from within the curtain]. (TA.) 4 أَصْبَتْ She (a woman) had a child such as is termed صَبِىّ [i. e. a boy, or a young male child]; (S, M;) and a child, male or female. (S.) A2: أَصْبَتْهُ She (a woman, M, K, or a girl, or young woman, S) excited his desire, and invited him, (M, K,) or made him to incline, (S,) to ignorant, or foolish, or silly, and youthful, conduct, (S, M, K,) so that he yearned towards her; as also ↓ تَصَبَّتْهُ. (M, K.) And ↓ تَصَبَّاهَا He invited her to the like thereof. (M.) And ↓ تصبّاها also signifies He deceived, or beguiled, her, and captivated her heart; (M, K; [see also another rendering in an explanation of a verse cited voce إِصَارٌ;]) as also ↓ تصاباها. (K.) And اصبى عِرْسَ فُلَانٍ He endeavoured to cause the wife of such a one to incline [to him]. (TA.) A3: أَصْبَوْا They entered upon [a time in which blew] the wind called الصَّبَا. (M, K.) 5 تَصَبَّوَ see 1, latter half: A2: and see also 4, in three places.6 تَصَاْبَوَ see 1, in three places: A2: and see also 4.10 استصبى, as stated by Freytag, is expl. by Reiske as signifying Pueriliter se et proterve gessit: A2: and by Jac. Schultens as signifying Pro puero habuit. But the usage of this verb in any sense is app. post-classical.]

صَبًا [is of the fem. gender, and] is a subst. and an epithet, [so that one says رِيحٌ صَبًا, as well as صَبًا alone and رِيحُ الصَّبَا,] (M, TA,) [and signifies The east wind: or an easterly wind:] the wind that blows from the place of sunrise: (Msb:) or the wind of which the mean place whence it blows is the place where the sun rises when the night and day are equal; the opposite wind of which is the دَبُور: (S:) or the wind that faces the House [of God, i. e. the Kaabeh; app. meaning that blows from the point opposite to the corner, of the Kaabeh, that is between the Black Stone and the door]; as though yearning towards the House: (M, TA:) or, accord. to IAar, (M,) the wind of which the place whence it blows extends from the place of rising of الثُّرَيَّا [or the Pleiades] to [the place of] بَنَات نَعْش [meaning the tail of Ursa Major]: (M, K:) [it is often commended by poets as a gentle and pleasant gale, like the Zephyr with us:] the dual is صَبَوَانِ and صَبَيَانِ: (Lh, M, K:) and pl. صَبَوَاتٌ and أَصْبَآءٌ. (M, K.) صِبًا [also written صِبًى] and ↓ صَبَآءٌ, the former with kesr and the short alif, and the latter with fet-h and the long alif, (S, Msb,) [both mentioned before as inf. ns.,] Youth, or boyhood; the state of the صَبِىّ [q. v.]: (S:) or childhood. (Msb.) One says, كَانَ ذٰلِكَ فِى صِبَاهُ and صَبَائِهِ [That was in his youth or boyhood: or in his childhood]. (Msb.) [See also an ex. in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. شفع.] b2: And the former [or each, as is shown in the first sentence of this art.,] has also a signification derived from الشَّوْقُ [or “ desire; ” i. e., each signifies also An inclining to ignorant, or foolish, or silly, and youthful, conduct; and amorous dalliance]: (S:) and ↓ صَبْوَةٌ signifies [the same, as is also shown in the first sentence of this art., or, like صِبًا and صَبَآءٌ,] the ignorance, or foolishness, or silliness, of youth; (Lth, M, K;) and amorous dalliance. (Lth, TA.) [See an ex. of the first in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. ادى; and another in a verse cited voce عَارَضَ.]

صَبْوَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

صَبَآءٌ: see صَبًا.

صَبِىٌّ A youth, boy, or male child; syn. غُلَامٌ: (S:) or a young male child; (Mgh, Msb;) before he is called غُلَام: (Mgh:) or one that has not yet been weaned, (M, K,) so called from the time of his birth: (M:) and ↓ صَابٍ signifies the same as صَبِىٌّ; these two words being like قَادِرٌ and قَدِيرٌ: (TA:) the pl. of the former is صِبْيَةٌ [a pl. of pauc., in which the و is changed into ى because of the kesreh before it, like as is said in the M respecting another of the pls.,] (S, M, Msb, K, but not in the CK,) and صِبْوَةٌ (M, K, TA, in the CK صَبْوَةٌ,) and صُبْيَةٌ (M, K) and صَبْيَةٌ, (K, TA, but not in the CK,) [or rather the last two are quasi-pl. ns.,] and أَصْبٍ [another pl. of pauc.] (K) and أَصْبِيَةٌ [also a pl. of pauc.], (M, K,) but this last is said by J to have been unused, because the usage of صِبْيَةٌ rendered it needless, (TA,) and صِبْيَانٌ, (S, M, Msb, K, but not in the CK,) in which the و is changed into ى because of the kesreh before it, (M,) and صُبْيَانٌ, (M, K,) as some say, preserving the ى notwithstanding the dammeh, (M,) and صِبْوَانٌ (M, K, but not in the CK,) and صُبْوَانٌ: (M, K:) and [ISd says,] accord. to Sb, the dim. of صِبْيَةٌ is ↓ أُصَيْبِيَةٌ, and that of أَصْبِيَةٌ is ↓ صُبَيَّةٌ, each irreg.; but in my opinion, صُبَيَّةٌ is the dim. of صِبْيَةٌ, and أُصَيْبِيَةٌ is that of أَصْبِيَةٌ: (M:) [J says,] أُصَيْبِيَةٌ occurs in poetry as being the dim. of أَصْبِيَةٌ. (S.) ↓ صَبِيَّةٌ signifies A young woman, girl, or female child; (S, TA;) and so too, [sometimes,] صَبِىٌّ: (TA:) and the pl. is صَبَايَا. (S TA.) b2: أُمُّ الصِّبْيَانِ is a term applied to The flatus, or flatulence, (الرِّيحُ,) that is incident to children. (TA in art. ام.) [Golius, in that art., explains it as meaning Larva, terriculamentum puerorum; on the authority of Meyd.: and also as meaning Epilepsy; on the authority of Ibn-Beytár.] b3: صَبِىٌّ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The pupil of the eye: (M, K:) but Kr ascribes this meaning to the vulgar. (M.) b4: And (tropical:) The extremity of each of the jaw-bones: (K, TA:) i. e. (TA) الصَّبِيَّانِ signifies the two extremities of the two jaw-bones (S, M, TA) of the camel and of other animals: or, as some say, the two edges curving outwards from the middle of the two jaw-bones: (M, TA:) or, accord. to the A, the thin portions of the two extremities thereof: and it is [said to be] tropical. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) A bone below the lobe, or lobule, of each of the two ears: (K:) or, as some say, the head of the bone that is below the lobe, or lobule, of each of the two ears by the space of about three fingers put together. (M.) b5: And (tropical:) The edge (حَدّ) of the sword: (M, K, TA:) or the ridge thereof, (M, TA, in the copies of the K أَوْ غَيْرِهِ is erroneously put for أَوْ عَيْرُهُ, TA,) which rises in [i. e. along] its middle; (M, K, TA;) and likewise of a spear-head: (M, TA:) or, accord. to the A, that part of a sword below, or exclusive of, (دُونَ,) its ظُبَة [q. v.]. (TA.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) The head of the human foot; (M, A, TA; in the copies of the K رَأْسُ القَوْمِ is erroneously put for رَأْسُ القَدَمِ; TA;) i. e. the part [thereof] between its حِمَارَة [q. v.] and the toes. (A, TA.) And الصَّبِيَّانِ signifies also (assumed tropical:) The two sides of the [camel's saddle called] رَحْل. (M.) b7: It is also said that صِبْيَانُ الجَلِيدِ signifies (tropical:) The grains of hoar-frost that resemble pearls: and صِبْيَانُ المَطَرِ (tropical:) the small drops of rain: but accord. to the author of the “ Khasáïl,” it is صِئْبَان [pl. of صُؤَابَةٌ, q. v.], with ء and then ب. (TA.) صَبِيَّةٌ fem. of صَبِىٌّ, q. v.

صُبَيَّةٌ: see صَبِىٌّ, former half.

صَابٍ: see صَبِىٌّ, first sentence. b2: Also i. q. صَاحِبُ صَبْوَةٍ [i. e. One who indulges in youthful folly, and amorous dalliance]. (TA.) b3: Kureysh, (M,) or the Jews, (TA,) used to call the Companions of the Prophet صُبَاةٌ. (M, TA. [See صَابِئٌ, in art. صبأ.]) And Náfi' read [in the Kur ii. 59 and xxii. 17] الصَّابِينَ instead of الصَّابِئِينَ; (TA;) and [in v. 73] الصَّابِيُونَ instead of الصَّابِئُونَ. (TA voce صَابِئٌ.) b4: صُبَّى, a pl. of صَابٍ, is expl. as meaning Those who incline to conflicts and factions, seditions, or the like, and love to be foremost therein. (TA. [See صُبٌّ, in art. صب.]) الصَّابِيَةُ The oblique wind (النُّكَيْبَآءُ, dim. of النَّكْبَآءُ,) that blows in a direction between that of the east or easterly wind (الصَّبَا) and that of the north or northerly wind (الشَّمَال): (S, K:) it is very cold, (S and TA voce نَكْبَآءُ,) and very boisterous, and unattended by rain or by any good. (TA ibid.) أُصَيْبِيَةٌ: see صَبِىٌّ.

مُصْبٍ, (Ks, Az, M,) or مُصْبِيَةٌ, (S, A,) or both, (K,) applied to a woman, (Ks, Az, S, M, A, K,) and the former also applied to a man, (Er-Rághib, TA,) Having صِبْيَة [i. e. children, or young children, or young unweaned children], (S, Er-Rághib, A, *) or having a child such as is termed صَبِىّ. (M, K.) b2: Hence the latter is metaphorically applied by El-Hareeree to (tropical:) Wine of which the sealed cover has been broken. (Har p. 450.) b3: [See also the verb, 4.]

مَصْبُوٌّ: see صَابِئٌ, in art. صبأ.

مُصَابِيَةٌ A calamity, or misfortune. (K.)

حجم

1 حَجَمَ said of the breast of a woman or girl: see 4.

A2: حَجَمَ, (ISk, S, K,) aor. ـُ and حَجِمَ, inf. n. حَجْمٌ, (K,) He (a child, ISk, S, TA) sucked (ISk, S, K) the breast of his mother. (ISk, S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] حَجَمَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. حَجْمٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He scarified him [and drew blood from him with the مِحْجَمَة; i. e. he cupped him]; (Msb;) he performed upon him the operation of the حَجَّام, (Mgh,) or, of the حَاجِم, (S,) who sucks the mouth of the مِحْجَمَة [to draw the blood]. (Az, TA.) b3: And [hence,] حَجَمَتْهُ الحَيَّةُ (assumed tropical:) The serpent bit him. (TA.) And حَجَمَتِ الفُحُولُ العَيْرَ (tropical:) The stallions bit the ass. (TA.) And حَجَمَ العَظْمَ, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) (assumed tropical:) He ate off the flesh from the bone. (K, TA.) A3: حَجَمَ البَعِيرَ, (S, Msb, TA,) aor. ـُ (S TA,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He put a حِجَام upon the mouth [or muzzle] of the camel, when excited, in order that he might not bite; (S, TA;) [he muzzled the camel;] he bound the camel's mouth [or muzzle] with a thing. (Msb.) b2: Hence, (Har p. 474,) حَجَمْتُهُ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ, (S, Msb, * TA,) and عَنْ صَاحِبَتِهِ, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) I made him to refrain, forbear, abstain, (S, TA,) or go back; (Msb;) or I withheld him, or restrained him; (S, K, TA;) from the thing, (S, TA,) and from his female companion. (TA.) And حَجَمَ طَرْفَهُ عَنْهُ He turned away his eye, or eyes, from him, or it. (TA.) And عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ ↓ أَحْجَمْتُهُ is also mentioned, as meaning I withheld him from the object of his want; or prevented him from attaining it. (TA.) 2 حجّم: see 4. b2: Also, inf. n. تَحْجِيمٌ, (tropical:) He looked hard: (K, TA:) and so, accord. to Az جَمَّحَ. (TA.) 4 احجم It (the breast of a woman or girl) was, or became, swelling, prominent, or protuberant; (Mgh, K;) as also ↓ حَجَمَ, inf. n. حَجْمٌ: (K:) or was, or became, round, and swelling, prominent, or protuberant; as also ↓ حجّم: (A, TA:) properly, became such as to have what is termed حَجْمٌ, (Mgh, TA,) meaning projection, protrusion, prominence, or protuberance, and elevation: (Mgh:) or, as some say, became such that the suckling might suck it. (TA.) b2: أَحْجَمَتْ لِلْمَوْلُودِ (tropical:) She (a woman) suckled the new-born child for the first time. (K, TA.) A2: احجم عَنْهُ He refrained, forbore, abstained, or desisted, from it; (S, K;) quasi-pass. of حجَمْتُهُ, like as أَكَبَّ is of كَبَبْتُهُ; which are extr. of their kind; (S;) and اجحم عنه signifies the same; (S in art. جحم;) but is a rare dial. var.: (Har p. 95:) or he drew back from it, or him, in awe, or fear: (K, TA:) or he receded, or drew back, form it; namely, a thing, or an affair: (Msb:) and أَحْجَمْتُ عَنِ القَوْمِ I dreaded, or feared, the people, or party, and returned, and left them, after I had desired to go to them. (Az, Msb.) b2: احجم also signifies He (a man) advanced, or went forward; and so اجحم: both of these verbs thus having two contr. meanings. (MF.) A3: See also 1, last sentence.8 احتجم He performed the operation of cupping: (MA, KL, PS:) [or rather he had that operation performed upon him; or had blood drawn from him by that operation; a quasi-pass. verb, like افتصد and اكتوى and احترق and countless others:] or he sought, or demanded, the performance of that operation [upon himself]. (K TA.) One says, اِحْتَجَمْتُ مِنَ الدَّمِ [app. meaning I had some of the blood drawn from me by cupping]. (S.) A2: He (a camel) was withheld, or restrained, or prevented, from biting [by being muzzled]. (TA.) حَجْمٌ A rising, protuberant, or prominent, part of a thing: (S:) a projection, protrusion, prominence, or protuberance; (S, Mgh;) and a rising, or an elevation: (Mgh:) or the part of a thing that one feels beneath his hand: (ElGhooree, Mgh:) or the part of a thing that one feels projecting, protruding, prominent, or protuberant, beneath his hand: pl. حُجُومٌ. (K.) One says, لَيْسَ لِمِرْفَقِهِ حَجْمٌ There is no projection, protrusion, prominence, or protuberance, to his elbow. (S.) Lh says that حَجْمُ العَظْمِ means One's perceiving the feel of the bones [or bone] behind the skin: thus explaining it after the manner of explaining inf. ns.: and ISd says, I known not whether it be in his opinion an inf. n. or a simple subst. (TA.) And Lth says that الحَجْمُ meansOne's perceiving the feel of a thing beneath a garment: [and that] one says, مَسَسْتُ بَطْنَ الحُبْلَى فَوَجَدْتُ حَجْمَ الصَّبِىِّ فِى بَطْنِهَا [which plainly means, I felt the belly of the pregnant woman, and perceived the bulging of the child in her belly]. (Mgh, TA.) It is said [of a woman's garment] in a trad., لَا يَصِفُ حَجْمَ عِظَامِهَا [lit. (tropical:) It does not describe the projecting of her bones]: meaning, the garment does not stick to her body so as to tell what projects of her bones: it is made to be a describer by way of comparison. (IAth, TA.) b2: [In post-classical works it is often used as signifying Bulk, bigness, or magnitude.]

حَجَامٌ [A muzzle for a camel, commonly a net of cord;] a thing that is put upon the mouth, or muzzle, of a camel, (S, K,) when he is excited, (S,) to prevent his biting. (S, K.) حَجُومٌ Gentle, nice, or skilful, in operation; syn. رَفِيقٌ [in the CK, erroneously, رَقِيقٌ] as an epithet applied to a حَاجِم [or cupper]; as also ↓ مِحْجَمٌ. (K.) b2: (tropical:) The فَرْج [meaning vulva, or vagina,] of a woman. (K, TA.) حِجَامَةٌ The craft, or art, of the حَاجِم or حَجَّام [i. e. cupper]: (S, * Mgh, Msb, K:) and the operation that he performs. (S, * TA.) حَجَّامٌ A cupper; syn. مَصَّاصٌ [lit. one who is in the habit of sucking]; (K;) one who performs the operation termed حَجْمٌ; (S, Mgh;) one who scarifies [and draws blood with the مِحْجَمَة]; (Msb;) as also ↓ حَاجِمٌ; (S, Msb, K;) but the former is an intensive epithet [denoting frequency or habit]: (Msb:) so called because he sucks the mouth of the مِحْجَمَة. (Az, TA.) Hence the prov. أَفْرَغُ مِنْ حَجَّامِ سَابَاطَ [More unoccupied than the cupper of Sábát (the name of a place)]: for military forces used to pass by the man to whom it relates, and he used to cup them on credit, in consequence of want of employment, waiting for payment until they should return. (S: more fully explained in the K in art. سبط.) حَاجِمٌ: see what next precedes.

حَوْجَمٌ: see what next follows.

حَوْجَمَةٌ The red rose: (K:) or [rather] a single red rose: (A'Obeyd, S:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ حَوْجَمٌ. (A'Obeyd, S, S, K.) مَحْجَمٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) or ↓ مَحْجَمَةٌ, (TA,) The place to which the مِحْجَمَة is applied, (Mgh, Msb, * TA,) in the neck: (Mgh, TA:) pl. مَحَاجِمُ. (Mgh, Msb.) مِحْجَمٌ The scarifying instrument of the حَجَّام. (IAth, TA.) b2: See also مِحْجَمَةٌ.

A2: And see حَجُومٌ.

مَحْجَمَةٌ: see مَحْجَمٌ.

مِحْجَمَةٌ and ↓ مِحْجَمٌ The قَارُورَة [or glass vessel, or the like,] of the حَجَّام; (Az, S, Mgh, Msb;) the thing with which the حَجَّام operates; (K;) the utensil in which the blood produced by the operation of حِجَامَة is collected by sucking: (IAth, TA:) pl. مَحَاجِمُ. (TA.) مِحْجَامٌ A man (TA) who draws back much, or often, in awe, or fear. (K, TA.) مَحْجُومٌ A breast sucked. (TA.) b2: A man [cupped, or] operated upon by the حَاجِم (S.) A2: A camel [muzzled, or] having a حِجَامَ put upon his mouth [or muzzle] in order that he may not bite. (S.)

نزل

1 نَزَلَ بِالمَكَانِ (Kull) and نَزَلَ المَكَانَ (Msb in art. حل, &c.) He alighted, descended and stopped or sojourned or abode or lodged or settled, in the place; syn. حَلَّ فِيهِ. (Kull.) See حَلَّ. b2: نَزَلَ لَبَنُ الشَّاةِ [The milk of the ewe descended into her udder; i. e. she secreted milk]. (S, K, voce أَضْرَعَتْ.) b3: نَزَلَ مَنْزِلَ كَذَا It took, or occupied, the place, or became in the position or condition, of such a thing: see a verse cited voce أَنْ, near the end of the paragraph; and another voce حَبِيبٌ; and see مَنْزِلَةٌ. b4: نَزَلْتُ, الوَدِىَ, for فِى الوَادِى: see دَخَلْتُ البَيَتَ in art. دخل.3 نَازَلَهُ He alighted with him, each to oppose the other, in war, or battle; inf. n. مُنَازَلَةٌ and نِزَالٌ. (Msb.) b2: نَازَلَهُ He alighted with him.4 أَنْزَلَتْ Her (a camel's) milk descended [into her udder]: opposed to أَقْلَصَتْ. (TA, art. قلص.) b2: أَنْزَلَتِ اللَّبَنَ [i. e. اللِّبَأَ She (a camel) excerned the first milk, or biestings, into her udder; i. q. أَبْسَقَتْ. (TA in art. بزق.) b3: She excerned milk [either into, or from, the udder]. b4: أَنْزَلَتِ الناقةُ اللَّبَنَ مِنَ الضَّرْعِ [or فِى الضرع] The she-camel excerned the milk from [or into] the udder. (TA, art. ذرأ.) b5: أَنْزَلَهُ He lodged him; made him his guest; or gave him refuge or asylum; syn. آوَاهُ; (S and K in art. اوى;) and أَضَافَهُ and ضَيَّفَهُ: (Mgh in art. ضيف:) [and he lodged and entertained him;] namely, a guest. (Msb.) I. q.

أَثْوَاهُ مَنْزِلَا. CCC (Fr in T in art. بوأ.) b6: أَنْزَلَهُ عَنْ كَذَا He made him to resign, or relinquish, such a thing. b7: أَنْزَلْتُ بِكَ حَاجَتِى [app. I imposed my want upon thee]. (S in art. عر.) And أَنْزَلَ حَاجَتَهُ على كريم. (TA.) 6 تَنَازَلَ He descended gradually, by little and little. b2: تنازل إِلَى أَحَدٍ He humbled himself, condescended, to one. b3: تنازل عَنِ المُلْكِ He abdicated the kingdom. b4: تنازل عَن شَىْءٍ

He desisted from a thing. b5: تَنَازَلُوا They alighted and ate by turns with different people; i. q. تَنَاوَبُوا, q. v.10 اِسْتَنْزَلَهُ He made him, or caused him, or it, to descend. (Msb.) b2: اِسْتَنْزَلَهُ عَنْ رَأَيِهِ [He sought to make him resign, or relinquish, his opinion]. (Bd, xii. 11.) نُزْلٌ Food or rations at a halt: see سُكْنٌ, in two places.

نُزُلٌ Food prepared for the guest. (Msb.) See مَفَثَّةٌ.) أَرْضٌ نَزِلَةٌ : see حَشَادٌ.

نَزِيلٌ A guest. (S, Mgh, Msb, * K.) See also Har, 353.

نَازِلٌ [Alighting, &c.,] has for pl. نُزُولٌ and نُزَّالٌ. (TA.) نَازِلَةٌ A defluxion: pl. نَوازِلُ. See سِلٌّ. b2: نَازِلَةٌ A severe calamity or affliction, (S, Msb, K,) that befalls men. (S, Msb.) مَنْزِلٌ A place of alighting or descending and stopping or sojourning or abiding or lodging or settling: (Mgh:) a place of settlement: an abode; a dwelling; a place where travellers alight in the desert; syn. مَنْهَلٌ: a [house, or mansion, such as is called] دَارٌ: (S, K:) or, accord. to the فُقَهَآء, less than a دار, and more than a بَيْت [or chamber], consisting of at least two chambers (بَيْتَانِ) or three. (Mgh.) See also بَيْتٌ.

مَنْزِلَةٌ A space which one traverses in journeying. (TA, art. سير.) b2: مَنْزِلَةٌ, used unrestrictedly, Station, standing, footing, or grade; honourable station or rank; a place of preferment. b3: A predicament in which one stands. b4: كَلِمَةٌ بِمَنْزِلَةِ كَلِمَةٍ أُخْرَى A word equivalent, or similar, to another word. b5: [You say] يُسْتَعْمَلُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ كَذَا It (a word) is used in the manner of such [another word]; generally with respect to government, not necessarily with respect to meaning. (The lexicons passim.) b6: النَّازِلُ مِنَ الدِّينِ والدُّنْيَا مَنْزِلَةَ النُّورِ مِنَ العَيْنِ Who is, in respect to religion and the world, as light to the eye.

مَرْعًى مُنْزِلٌ : see مُسْكِنٌ.

نزل
النُّزُولُ في الأصل هو انحِطَاطٌ من عُلْوّ.
يقال: نَزَلَ عن دابَّته، ونَزَلَ في مكان كذا: حَطَّ رَحْلَهُ فيه، وأَنْزَلَهُ غيرُهُ. قال تعالى: أَنْزِلْنِي مُنْزَلًا مُبارَكاً وَأَنْتَ خَيْرُ الْمُنْزِلِينَ
[المؤمنون/ 29] ونَزَلَ بكذا، وأَنْزَلَهُ بمعنًى، وإِنْزَالُ الله تعالى نِعَمَهُ ونِقَمَهُ على الخَلْق، وإعطاؤُهُم إيّاها، وذلك إمّا بإنزال الشيء نفسه كإنزال القرآن، وإمّا بإنزال أسبابه والهداية إليه، كإنزال الحديد واللّباس، ونحو ذلك، قال تعالى: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ عَلى عَبْدِهِ الْكِتابَ
[الكهف/ 1] ، اللَّهُ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ الْكِتابَ [الشورى/ 17] ، وَأَنْزَلْنَا الْحَدِيدَ
[الحديد/ 25] ، وَأَنْزَلْنا مَعَهُمُ الْكِتابَ وَالْمِيزانَ [الحديد/ 25] ، وَأَنْزَلَ لَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَنْعامِ ثَمانِيَةَ أَزْواجٍ [الزمر/ 6] ، وَأَنْزَلْنا مِنَ السَّماءِ ماءً طَهُوراً [الفرقان/ 48] ، وَأَنْزَلْنا مِنَ الْمُعْصِراتِ ماءً ثَجَّاجاً [النبأ/ 14] ، وأَنْزَلْنا عَلَيْكُمْ لِباساً يُوارِي سَوْآتِكُمْ [الأعراف/ 26] ، أَنْزِلْ عَلَيْنا مائِدَةً مِنَ السَّماءِ [المائدة/ 114] ، أَنْ يُنَزِّلَ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ عَلى مَنْ يَشاءُ مِنْ عِبادِهِ
[البقرة/ 90] ومن إنزال العذاب قوله: إِنَّا مُنْزِلُونَ عَلى أَهْلِ هذِهِ الْقَرْيَةِ رِجْزاً مِنَ السَّماءِ بِما كانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ
[العنكبوت/ 34] . والفَرْقُ بَيْنَ الإِنْزَالِ والتَّنْزِيلِ في وَصْفِ القُرآنِ والملائكةِ أنّ التَّنْزِيل يختصّ بالموضع الذي يُشِيرُ إليه إنزالُهُ مفرَّقاً، ومرَّةً بعد أُخْرَى، والإنزالُ عَامٌّ، فممَّا ذُكِرَ فيه التَّنزيلُ قولُه: نَزَلَ بِهِ الرُّوحُ الْأَمِينُ
[الشعراء/ 193] وقرئ: نزل وَنَزَّلْناهُ تَنْزِيلًا
[الإسراء/ 106] ، إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا الذِّكْرَ [الحجر/ 9] ، لَوْلا نُزِّلَ هذَا الْقُرْآنُ [الزخرف/ 31] ، وَلَوْ نَزَّلْناهُ عَلى بَعْضِ الْأَعْجَمِينَ [الشعراء/ 198] ، ثُمَّ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ سَكِينَتَهُ
[التوبة/ 26] ، وَأَنْزَلَ جُنُوداً لَمْ تَرَوْها [التوبة/ 26] ، لَوْلا نُزِّلَتْ سُورَةٌ
[محمد/ 20] ، فَإِذا أُنْزِلَتْ سُورَةٌ مُحْكَمَةٌ
[محمد/ 20] فإنَّما ذَكَرَ في الأوّلِ «نُزِّلَ» ، وفي الثاني «أُنْزِلَ» تنبيهاً أنّ المنافقين يَقْتَرِحُونَ أن يَنْزِلَ شَيْءٌ فَشَيْءٌ من الحثِّ على القِتَال لِيَتَوَلَّوْهُ، وإذا أُمِرُوا بذلك مَرَّةً واحدةً تَحَاشَوْا منه فلم يفعلوه، فهم يَقْتَرِحُونَ الكثيرَ ولا يَفُونَ منه بالقليل. وقوله: إِنَّا أَنْزَلْناهُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ مُبارَكَةٍ
[الدخان/ 3] ، شَهْرُ رَمَضانَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآنُ
[البقرة/ 185] ، إِنَّا أَنْزَلْناهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ [القدر/ 1] وإنّما خُصَّ لفظُ الإنزالِ دُونَ التَّنزيلِ، لما رُوِيَ: (أنّ القرآن نَزَلَ دفعةً واحدةً إلى سماءِ الدُّنيا، ثمّ نَزَلَ نَجْماً فَنَجْماً) . وقوله تعالى: الْأَعْرابُ أَشَدُّ كُفْراً وَنِفاقاً وَأَجْدَرُ أَلَّا يَعْلَمُوا حُدُودَ ما أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلى رَسُولِهِ [التوبة/ 97] فَخَصَّ لفظَ الإنزالِ ليكونَ أعمَّ، فقد تقدَّم أنّ الإنزال أعمُّ من التَّنزيلِ، قال تعالى: لَوْ أَنْزَلْنا هذَا الْقُرْآنَ عَلى جَبَلٍ [الحشر/ 21] ، ولم يقل: لو نَزَّلْنَا، تنبيهاً أنَّا لو خَوَّلْنَاهُ مَرَّةً ما خَوَّلْنَاكَ مِرَاراً لَرَأَيْتَهُ خاشِعاً [الحشر/ 21] . وقوله: قَدْ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْكُمْ ذِكْراً رَسُولًا يَتْلُوا عَلَيْكُمْ آياتِ اللَّهِ [الطلاق/ 10- 11] فقد قيل: أراد بإنزالِ الذِّكْرِ هاهنا بِعْثَةَ النبيِّ عليه الصلاة والسلام، وسمَّاه ذكراً كما سُمِّيَ عيسى عليه السلام كلمةً، فعَلَى هذا يكون قوله: «رَسُولًا» بدلا من قوله: «ذِكْراً» ، وقيل: بل أراد إنزالَ ذِكْرِهِ، فيكونُ «رسولًا» مفعولًا لقوله:
ذِكْراً. أي: ذِكْراً رَسُولًا. وأمّا التَّنَزُّلُ فهو كالنُّزُولِ به، يقال: نَزَلَ المَلَكُ بكذا، وتَنَزَّلَ، ولا يقال:
نَزَلَ الله بكذا ولا تَنَزَّلَ، قال: نَزَلَ بِهِ الرُّوحُ الْأَمِينُ
[الشعراء/ 193] وقال: تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلائِكَةُ [القدر/ 4] ، وَما نَتَنَزَّلُ إِلَّا بِأَمْرِ رَبِّكَ
[مريم/ 64] ، يَتَنَزَّلُ الْأَمْرُ بَيْنَهُنَ
[الطلاق/ 12] ولا يقال في المفتَرَى والكَذِبِ وما كان من الشَّيطان إلَّا التَّنَزُّلُ: وَما تَنَزَّلَتْ بِهِ الشَّياطِينُ
[الشعراء/ 210] ، عَلى مَنْ تَنَزَّلُ الشَّياطِينُ تَنَزَّلُ الآية [الشعراء/ 221- 222] .
والنُّزُلُ: ما يُعَدُّ للنَّازل من الزَّاد، قال: فَلَهُمْ جَنَّاتُ الْمَأْوى نُزُلًا
[السجدة/ 19] وقال:
نُزُلًا مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ [آل عمران/ 198] وقال في صفة أهل النار: لَآكِلُونَ مِنْ شَجَرٍ مِنْ زَقُّومٍ إلى قوله: هذا نُزُلُهُمْ يَوْمَ الدِّينِ ، فَنُزُلٌ مِنْ حَمِيمٍ [الواقعة/ 93] . وأَنْزَلْتُ فلانا: أَضَفْتُهُ. ويُعَبَّرُ بِالنَّازِلَةِ عن الشِّدَّة، وجَمْعُهَا نَوَازِلُ، والنِّزَالُ في الحرْبِ:
المُنَازَلة، ونَزَلَ فلانٌ: إذا أتى مِنًى، قال الشاعر:
أَنَازِلَةٌ أَسْمَاءُ أَمْ غَيْرُ نَازِلَةٍ
والنُّزَالَةُ والنُّزْلُ يُكَنَّى بهما عن ماءِ الرَّجُل إذا خَرَجَ عنه، وطعامٌ نُزُلٌ، وذو نُزُلٍ: له رَيْعٌ، وَحَظٌّ نَزِلٌ: مُجْتَمَعٌ، تشبيهاً بالطَّعامِ النُّزُلِ.

نزل:
نزل الوادي: نزل مقتفيا مجرى الجدول (الجريدة الآسيوية 1841، 1، 118. وفي ألف ليلة 1: 75 نزل من السلم وبعد ذلك نزل في السلم ص30).
نزل: ضرب خيمة، خيم (ألف ليلة 1: 43، عباد 1: 64).
نزل: سكن (الكالا: aposantarse) .
نزل: غادر السفينة (الكالا desenbarcar) .
انزل: (اصطلاح بحري): دنا من الساحل (الجريدة الآسيوية 1841، 1: 589).
نزل الصبر: انظر مادة صبر.
نزل: فقد، انخفضت القيمة؛ نزل السعر، انخفضت (بوشر، ياقوت): (1: 546. أسعار القيروان نازلة).
نزل: تستخدم في التعابير المبتذلة الغثة (ماكني 242) إذا هزل نزل.
نزلت إلى فلان: (الحامية) استسلمت بسهولة (معجم البلاذري، معجم الطرائف).
نزل إلى: انخفض إلى (ماكني 1: 655): نزلت همتك إلى قطعة حجر. انخفض طموحك إلى الحد الذي طلبت قطعة حجر.
نزلت به: في الحديث هن قضية أو دعوى (نازلة) رفعت إلى القضاء (ماكني 2: 634): وكان في مجلس قضائه تنزل به النوازل.
نزل ب: بال أو افرغ معدته من البراز (الادريسي كليم 2: القسم الخامس): وهذه الصحراء بها جب حميرة وهو من أعجب العجب وذلك أن ماءه لا ينزل به من شربه من حيث تنزل المياه من الإنسان ولا يقيم بالمعدة شيئا وإنما هو إذا ضربه الإنسان لم يلبث أن ينزل به من مقعدته مسرعا من غير تأخير ولا إقامة؛ وقد مر هذا الفعل عند (فوك) أيضا في مادة egerere دون إشارة إلى التفاصيل التي يفهم منها طرق صياغته.
نزل عليه: أذله، أهانه، طعن به؛ نزل عليه بالعصا ضربه بها (بوشر): نزل عليه بالضرب (ألف ليلة 9: 7، 63: 9، 2: 68).
نزل عن الحق= تركه (م. المحيط).
نزل له عن: تخلى له عن شيء أو موضع ... الخ (مملوك 1: 1).
نزل عن: أقل درجة من (المقدمة 2: 304): فصل في أن خلق التجار نازلة عن خلق الرؤساء؛ أي أشد ضعفا (دي سلان، المقدمة 1: 275): العصائب الأخرى النازلة عن عصابتهم في الغلب. أولا تفي ب ... (المقدمة 2633): لما أن أكثر محفوظهم عبارات العلوم النازلة عن البلاغة (أي مع انهم قد تعلموا عددا كبيرا من الاصطلاحات العلمية إلا أن هذه الاصطلاحات غير كافية للتعبير عن الأفكار (دي سلان).
نزل عن: انظرها في (فوك) في مادة obsidere على أن لا يختلط الأمر مع نزل على.
نزل عند: شرب في سر فلان (بوشر، ألف ليلة 62: 6): فأخذت الصبية القدح وشربته ونزلت عند أختها وما زالوا يشربون ... الخ.
نزل من عين الملك: فقد حظوته (بوشر).
نزل: (ألف ليلة 1: 63): نزلوا سكا في رقبته؛ نزل عن كرسي الملك خلع عن العرش (بوشر).
نزل: خفض (هلو). نزل البنديرة: استسلم. اذعن، اعترف بعدم تفوقه (بوشر). نزل القلوع: نزل الشراع (بوشر).
نزل: نزل وحدها: أنزل القلوع (همبرت 127).
نزل: أهبط، قرب سفينة من الشاطئ، خفض (بوشر، الكالا) ( acostar decendir alguna cosa abaxar) فصل، نزع (الكالا descolgar) .
نزل: افرغ شحنة (الكالا descargar) ( هلو).
نزل: نزل بالمراكب اركب، حمل (بوشر)، افرغ المركب (ابن جبير 36: 5).
نزل: رتب (محيط المحيط).
نزل الفرش: بلط قرطاس 36: 2).
نزل في العسل: كبس في العسل (ألف ليلة 1: 211) انظر (معجم فليشر 55).
نزل: رصع، لبس بالفسيفساء (مملوك 2: 1: 279) (ابن جبير 177: 6 و196: 17 و269: 3 المقري 3: 9 تنزيل الذهب).
نزل: رصع حجرا كريما في الذهب (الكالا engoatar como oro) نزل: عزل، غير المسكن، نقل المسكن، رحل (الكالا cosa mudar) .
نزل: نقل، نسخ، دون، سجل، حفر، نقش (كتابة على حجر أو رخام أو معدن) (مملوك 1: 1: 205 رياض النفوس 65): فألقيت عليه مسألة معقدة من كتب أشهب فبدأ بتنزيلها والنظر فيها.
نزل الرقم: رقمه (محيط المحيط) (نزل الحاسب الرقم رقمه).
نزل: في (محيط المحيط): (نزل الشيء مكان الشيء أقامه مقامه)؛ وقد جاء ذكر هذا الفعل عند (فوك) في مادة suplere. ومن هنا جاءت كلمة تنزيل في الفقه الإنابة والتوكيل (أبو اسحق الشيرازي 188: 17).
نزل: نزع الحذاء (الكالا): descalcar.
نازل: حاصر (فوك) (الكلمة موجودة تقريبا، في كل صحيفة من صحائف كتاب الحوليات أو اليوميات الأخبارية): assieger.
انزل: اسكن (ابن خلدون 4: 7) فأنزله قرطبة.
أنزل: أوحى فأنزل الله الكلام (م. المحيط).
أنزل به: أحدث بفلان شيئا (كوسج كرست 89: 2): فلطمني وكاد أن ينزل بي المهالك وفي الجملة التي وردت (في 5: 90) اقرأ كلمة العبر (بالكسرة ثم الفتح).
ينزلون البيت الثاني في الاحترام منزلة البيت الأول (دي ساسي كرست 1: 109).
أنزل: أجبر فلانا على الاستسلام (معجم الطرائف).
أنزل: أنزله من مركب وغيره (ابن جبير 36: 6).
انزل: رفع (ابن بطوطة 1: 286): فأنزل أساطين الخشب وجعل مكانها أساطين اللبن.
انزل: حمل كثيرا من الثمار (أبو الوليد 1: 430): يقال أنزلت الشجرة إذا كثر نزلها أي ثمرها.
تنزل: تخضع، تذلل (المقري 2: 821 المقدمة 1: 377).
تنزل له: طاوعه وهادنه وتنازل له (بوشر، ابن الخطيب 70): دمث، متخلق، متنزل، تنازل: تنزل له في شيء طاوعه في أمر من الأمور (بوشر).
تنازل: تفضل (بوشر).
تنزل منزلة فلان: حل محله (فوك).
تنازل: في الحديث عن عدد كبير من الناس: استقروا وتوطنوا خيامهم (ابن خلدون 4: 7): تنازلوا على نهر واقتتلوا عليه أياما.
تنازل: نزل، زف الطير زفيفا، انقض، هبط، وقع على (ألف ليلة 3: 21).
تنازل إلى: اتضع، تواضع، تذلل (بوشر، ألف ليلة 4: 40): لقد أكثرت التنازل إلينا يا أخانا.
تنازل عن: تخلى، نزل، تنزل، تخلى عن، تخلى عن حقه، له عن: خلى، ترك حقه له (بوشر).
تنازل: خفض، اقتصر، اكتفى ب (بوشر).
انتزل: نزل (حياة صلاح الدين 2: 2): ثم انتزل من طراحة.
ايتنزل: استحضر الأرواح (المقري 3: 5):
إذا استنزلوا الأرواح باسم تبادرت ... طوائف ميمون وأشياع برقان
وذكر (بوسييه) أيضا استحضار الجان.
استنزل: اخرج النقود من الجيب، وفي (ابن جبير 120: 17) تستنزل الفطائر وتستنزل الدرهم والدينار، وفي (أبو الفرج 85: 5) استنزل الماء الفاسد.
استنزله من حصنه أو استنزله وحدها: اجبره على مغادرة حصنه أو على الاستسلام (معجم البلاذري، عبد الواحد 68: 14، النويري أسبانيا 468): يستنزل المتغلبين وفي (478) فاستنزلوه من الدير (هولال 10).
استنزل: استنزله أو استنزل عن: طلب منه أن يتخلى عن رأي من الآراء، استنزله عن رأيه بمعنى أنزله أو طلب نزوله (الأساس، مملوك 1: 1: 175).
استنزل: تصرف على نحو جعل فلانا يتخلى عن أمر بصر على القيام به أو جعله يغير رأيه أو يدفعه إلى أن يغير طريقة معالجته لأمر من الأمور (المقري 2: 436) ورد ذكر ذلك الذي كان يريد أن يعتزل العالم وينقطع إلى داره؛ أن أحد أصدقاء هذا الشخص عاتبه على ذلك الاعتزال، وأخذه حتى استنزله بعيض الاستنزال (السخاوي، المخطوطة 970، 149 ابن الشحنة: المناوئ العنيد للصوفية وكان من المعروفين بمتانة الحجة وقوة الإقناع حتى أنه استنزل الشهابي ابن العيني عن تصوف كان بأسمه في الاشرفية الجديدة (أي جعله ينقطع عن حضور جلسات الصوفية التي كانت تتم بأشرافه وتحت كنفه في الأشرفية الجديدة) كانت هذه هي العبارة التي ذكرها (كاترمير) في (1: 1: 175) إلا أنه لم يحسن توضيحها حين قال (بأنه قد تعهد لابن الشحنة بالتخلي عن المهام التي كان يمارسها مع الصوفية).
استنزل: حاول أن يستعطف فلانا أو أن ينال فضلا منه (ويجوز 32: 5) (انظر 104: 148) و (39: 6) (أبحاث 1: 174 من الطبعة الأولى): فقد كانت طوائف العدو تلاطف بالاحتيال وتستنزل بالأموال (عبد الواحد 1: 266: 1): وكان دين أهلها في الدهر القديم دين الصابئة من عبادة الكواكب واستنزل قواها والتقرب إليها بأنواع القرابين (ماكني 2: 59) (صححت من قبل السيد فليشر 11255) انظر رسالة إليه رقم 223 تتحدث عن رجل كان مهتاجا جدا: فسكنوه بالاستنزال وثنوه عن ذلك النزال.
استنزال: عطف واستعطفه على نفسه واستماله إليه (الكامل 4 و2 عباد 1: 173): فحجب عنه وجه رضاه، ولم يستنزله بذلك ولا استرضاه.
نزل: قرية صغيرة (وصف مصر 14: 273).
نزل: مخيم قبيلة (بركهارت بدو 19).
نزل الوتر والجمع نزول الأوتار: عملية إرخاء الأوتار (الكالا: desenpulgadura) .
نزل والجمع نزول: نزلة (التهاب القناة التنفسية المصحوب بإفرازات مفرطة) زكام شديد، تورم قيحي. احتقان 0بوشر م. المحيط).
نزل: التجهيزات التي يمونها الاتباع للسلطان في أسفاره ولجيشه (والجمع نزول) (حيان 88): سار إلى حصن ونجة فأقام بها -المفروض فأقام به. المترجم- أياما إلى أن وردت الدواب بالنزول من بجانة.
نزل: منتوج الشجرة (أبو الوليد 430) (انظر 4) (ابن العوام 1: 281) حيث يجب أن تقرأ الجملة وفقا لمخطوطتنا كما يأتي: الأرض الرخوة أعظم لشجره وأكثر لنزوله.
نزل: المعشب، الموضع الذي يكثر فيه العشب (أبو الوليد 430: 1 و2).
نزلة: وصول (مهرن 36)؛ نزلة الحاج: هي في مصر الاسم العامي لشهر صفر لأن قافلة الحجاج المصريين تصل القاهرة في نهاية هذا الشهر عائدة من مكة (لين طبائع 2: 194).
نزلة: هجوم الأعداء برا أو بحرا، الإنزال (بوشر).
نزلة: انحدار الطريق أو الارض، منحدر، سلم، أرض مائلة تصلح لما تصلح له درجات السلم (بوشر).
نزلة: محلة في قرية (بركهارت نوبيا 196).
نزلة: قرية صغيرة (وصف مصر 12: 273 بركهارت نوبيا 236).
نزلة: مخيم قبيلة، مجموعة لأعراب من البدو (بوسييه، بر وبروجر 134). (الذي ذكر فخذ القبيلة أيضا): (لقد وجدنا في منصف نزلتين من أولاد صولة الذين حضروا هناك للاستيلاء على نزلة الأشراف التي أخذوها فعلا).
نزلة: زكام مخي (هلو، بوشر -بربرية) والزكام وفقا لمعجم (المنصوري) هو نفسه عند البدو وكذلك زكام الصدر، والبحة، إلا أن الأطباء اتفقوا على المعنى الأخير للكلمة: ويريد به الأطباء هنا ما اختص بطريق الأنف وما كان من طريق الحلق يسمونه قوة وهما عند العرب واحد؛ بدلا من قوة يجب أن تقرأ نزلة، وهذا ما نراه واضحا في مادة نزلة.
نزلة: تراكم الخلط (في الطب القديم)، احتقان (بوشر).
نزال: واجب إيواء الجند (انظر نزول وإنزال) (قرطاس 258: 8): رفع النزال عن ديار الرعية (استثنى السلطان رعيته من واجب إيواء جند الحرب).
نزول والجمع نزولات: تنزل، تتخلى عن. التخلي عن موضع أو عن امتياز لصالح الجيش (مملوك 1: 1: 175) وفي (بوشر): التخلي عن.
نزول: ميدان متحدر، موضع النزول، منحدر (بوشر).
نزول: واجب إيواء الجند وهو يرادف نزول وإنزال (انظر الكلمتين) (الجريدة الآسيوية 1414: 2: 243): لم تعلم له منقبة سوى أنه رفع النزول على (وفي مخطوطة ألف عن) أهل تونس وكانوا يلقون منه أمرا عظيما (لم يعرف التاريخ له فضلا سوى أنه أعفى سكان تونس من فريضة إيواء الجند التي كانوا يشعرون تجاهلها بأشد المرارة) لم يصب السيد شيربونو (ص250) في ترجمته للجملة يقوله (ثبت إقامته في تونس). وفي محيط المحيط (النزول عند المحدثين ضد علو) (انظر الكلمة).
نزول دم: تقيح، ذبال (في الطب). تجمع قيحي. (بوشر).
نزول: بول دموي (بوشر).
نزيل: انظرها عند (فوك) في مادة stabularius إلى جانب كلمة نزيلة.
نزالة: في ( cout عادات 38): (حين لم يزل ابن حفصون في خدمة حرس السلطان أراد والي المدينة أن يغيظه لأنه كان في حماية الوزير هاشم فأخرجه من نزالة إلى نزالة.
نزالة: حالة سيئة (بيت ونحوه) نزالة الديار (المعيار 23: 3 وانظر نازل).
نزالة: قصارة، نفاية، بقية الحبوب المغربلة (بوشر).
نزيلة والجمع نزائل: التموينات التي يقدمها التابع إلى سيده حين يرتحل له ولجيشه (انظر نزل) (البيان 2: 215): واخرج إلى الناصر النزائل وأقام له الوظائف والتزم إدرار الجباية الكاملة؛ وهناك وظيفة في البلاط تدعى خدمة الإنزال والنزائل (حيان- بسام 1: 10).
نزيلة: سكن مجاني (الكالا) ( posada por amistad) ولعل (فوك) كان يفكر بهذا المعنى حين ذكر كلمتي نزيل ونزيلة والجمع نزيلات ضمن كلمة stabularius. والسكن المجاني هذا يتعلق برجال الحرب (معيار 6: 7): وديارها الأهلة قد صم (صَمّ) بالنزائل صداها. وفي (26: 6): وفي منازلها لنزائل الجند نازلة (دورها في حال سيئة بسبب سكن رجال الحرب فيها).
نزيلة: والجمع نزائل (إن مسالك الإمبراطورية الشديدة الخطورة كانت في كثير من المقاطعات يحرسها رجال مسلحون يدعون بالنزلاء) (جودارد 1: 231).
نزولي: معرض للنزلة (بوشر).
نازل: وللكلمة صيغة في الجمع هي نزال (كوسج، كرست 57: 10 وتلفظ حسبما كتبناها) وكذلك نزول (ويجرز 36: 1 و2 من الملاحظات 121: 2 رقم 174) (المتنبي) (الشرق) (2: 191).
نازل: منحط، محتقر، بحالة رديئة (ديلابورت 149، فريتاج 39، 7): كان يقول شعرا نازل الطبقة (القزويني 2: 160): وكانوا يلعبون لعبا دونا ليظن الغريب انهم في طبقة نازلة (مخطوط رقم 892، المجلد 337، رقم 1: 10): أشياء نازلة حقيرة (معيار 26: 7) بصوت نازل (همبرت 10) وانظر (بوسييه) أيضا.
نازلة والجمع نوازل: قضية، دعوى، مرافعة (فوك) ( questio) ( بوسييه). والجمع عنده -أي عند بوسييه- بالألف والتاء. (محمد بن الحارث 215، عباد 2: 72، المقري 1: 603 و634: 2).
نازلة: الاستقبال الفخم لممثلي القبائل من قبل السلطان (عبد الواحد 177: 1): كان يتكلم عن الوفود ويخطب في النوازل فيأتي بكل عجيبة.
نازلة: نزلة، زكام شديد (شكوري 205): عجز أطباؤه عن علاجه من نوازل متتابعة تنزل من رأسه وفي (144 منه): الخشخاش ينفع من النوازل إلى الصدر. إنزال: فريضة إسكان الجند (المقري 632): وكتبت إلى عبد المؤمن بن علي رسالة تسأله فيها رفع الإنزال عن دارها، الطبعة (الأخرى. المترجم) تحمل عبارة الإنزال إلا أن هذه جمع نزل وهي تخالف المقصود؛ ويلزم أن يكون هناك اسم مصدر مرادف لنزال ونزول (انظر الكلمة).
تنزل: تنازل، تسامح (بوشر).
تنزل: يبدو أنها هواية dilettantisme ( المقري 1: 575: 16): وكان يقول انه يعرف الكيمياء بطريق التنزل لا بطريق التكسب مرادفة لكلمة منازلة ما ورد في (570: 23) اعرف الكيمياء بطريق المنازلة لا بطريق التكسب.
تنزل: والجمع تنزلات تحمل عند الصوفية معنى أجهله (فهرس المخطوطات -ليدن 2: 45): ولم أزل فيما نظمته من هذا الجزء من الايما إلى الواردات الإلهية والتنزلات الروحانية والمناسبات العلوية.
تنزلة: العودة من جبل عرفات (بيرتون 2: 52).
تنازل: تسامح (بوشر).
تنازل: استقالة، خلع، إقالة. صرف النظر عن القيام بعمل من الأعمال (بوشر).
منزل: مسيرة يوم (معجم الجغرافيا).
منزلة: بمعنى المرتبة أو المقام العالي أما الجمع منازل فإن بعض المتشددين في اللغة لا يرتضونه (أخبار 4).
منزلة: نزل، فندق مجامني (انظر نيبور 301).
منزلة: مسيرة يوم (معجم الجغرافيا).
منزلة: غرفة انتظار (همبرت 192).
منزلة: في (فوك) vicis = مقام ومناب؛ بمنزلة كذا: تستعمل حين مقارنة شيء بشيء آخر (دي يونج).
منزلة: اصطلاح حسابي، مخرج، مقام كسر، عند الحسابيين مقام الأرقام (م. المحيط). انظر (قلم).
منزلة: في محيط المحيط (المنزلة طعام للمولدين من اللحم والباذنجان ونحوه).
منزلة: منزلة سمك: طعام مركب من اسماك مختلفة الانواع، مطبوخة بالسمن وشيء من العجين والخمر (بوشر).
منزول: مزكوم (فوك).
منزول: موظف فقد وظيفته سواء بالاستقالة أو الإقالة (مملوك 1: 1: 75).
منزول: منزل مجاني يديره شيخ القرية (زيتشر 11: 482). وفي (محيط المحيط): (المنزول عند المولدين منزل معد للضيوف. واصله المنزول فيه).
منزول: محطة خيل لنقل المسافرين والبريد من مسافة إلى مسافة توضع في خدمة المسافرين الذين يرومون السفر (بوشر).
منازلة: من أنواع القتال (ألف ليلة 1: 354).
منازلة: قضية، دعوى، مرادفة ( Formul انظر V) . يستوعب النظر في منازلتهما.
منازلة: انظر تنزل.

عرض: عرض نَفْسَه على فلان: عرّفه بنفسه.
وحضر أمامه وقدّم نفسه إليه. ففي النويري (الأندلس ص480) وأعلن سليمان نفسه خليفة عند البربر وسار معهم إلى وادي القصارة الذي استولوا عليه وعرضوا أنفسهم على واضح العامري- صاحب مدينة سالم فلم يقبلهم.
عَرَض: أعلن عن اسمه. (الأغاني ص31).
عَرَض: تضرع، توسل، ترامي (بوشر).
عرض نفسه على الخلاء: ذهب إلى الخلاء ليتغوط (ابن الجوزي ص148 و).
عرض البلاء على: انتقم، أخذ بالثأر (فوك).
عَرَض: استظهر، تلا (لين 2003)، قرأ عن ظهر قلب، قرأ من حفظه. ويستعمل هذا الفعل ويقال: عرض الشيخ الكتاب إذا قرأه في دروسه عن ظهر قلب. كما يقال: عرض التلميذ إذا قرأ عن ظهر قلب ما يحفظه لكي يستفيد من ملاحظات الشيخ وتصحيحاته. أو يقرأ بعض الكتب عن ظهر قلب لكي يثبت إنه يحفظها، وبعبارة أخرى ليجتاز الامتحان (رسالة إلى السيد فليشر ص159 وما يليها).
وفي محيط المحيط: والعَرْض عند المحدّثين هو قراءة الحديث على الشيخ.
عَرَض أو عرض على: قابل بين نصّ واصله (المقدمة 1: 9).
عَرَض: ثلب، حقر، حطّ من (هلو).
عرضنا وداعتك. (ألف ليلة برسل 9: 393) ولا بد أن معناها قلنا له نستودعك الله. وفي طبعة ماكن: استودعناك الله ..
ما عرضتُ بالصفَد: ليس لي نية لأن اطلب منك عطاء (دي ساسي، النابغة في طرائف دي ساسي (1382) وانظر (ص463).
عَرَّض (بالتشديد). عرَّض فلانا لكذا: جعله عرضة وهدفاً له، كما ذكر فوك وفيه: عرَّض نفسه ل.
عرَّض: متعد، بنفسه لا باللام، ففي كوسج (طرائف من 147): لقد عرضتنا ونَفْسَك شراً. وفي الأخبار (ص39): وقد وعد أن لا يعرضهم البربر. أي لا يجعلهم غرضاً وهدفاً لأعدائهم البربر. وكذلك في (ص56) وفي (ص42): عرَّضتَنا أكل الكلاب والجلود. أي أطعمتنا الكلاب والجلود.
عرَّض بفلان .. في كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص205): ماذا عرضتما بالرجل. أي إلى أي خطر جعلتما هذا الرجل عرضة وهدفاً. وفيه (ص209): أن عاندنا فقد عرَّض بنفسه ودمه.
عرَّض: قاوم، ناوء، ناقض (دومب ص130).
عَرّض: جعله يقرأ عن ظهر قلب. (شيرب ديال ص213).
عَرَّض: دعا، وحثَ وحرض وأغرى (هلو).
عارَض: أزعج، كدَّر، أرهن. (أماري ديب ص131).
عارَض: لام، عاتب (فوك) وفيه إنه مرادف: عذل، وعاتب.
عارَض: ففي رياض النفوس (ص96 ق): أتى فلان إلى كتَّابي فعارض الصبيان في الفساد. أي أراد إغواء الصبيان وإفساد أخلاقهم. وأرى أن فوك فكر بهذا المعنى حين قال: إنه مرادف راود.
عارض فلاناً وعارضه به: أراه شيئاً (معجم الطرائف) وقد ترجمت العبارة التي وردت في (ص135) إلى الفرنسية (بما معناه): قال أني لم أفعل ما تلومني عليه فهي ليست إلا شائعة أشاعها عني من يكرهني ويبغضني والذين يسرهم أن يصيبني سوء الحظ وتنزل بي نوائب الدهر طوارقه وقوارعه. وبعد أن قال هذا أقسم له أن يتجنب ما يتهمونه به، وعندئذ تركه العباس وشأنه. فلهذا الفعل إذا معناه المألوف الذي ذكره لين وهو أعرض عنه أي صدّ وولىَّ.
عارض: بمعنى درس الكتاب مع آخر (لين تاج العروس). وهذا الفعل يتعدى بنفسه إلى مفعولين، ففي حياة ابن خلدون (ص207 و) في الكلام عن أحد الشيوخ: كان يعارض السلطان القرآن برواياته السبع إلى أن توفَي.
عارض في الأمور: لم يتبين لي معناها في العبارة التي في مادة دسَّ اعرض: عبرّ عن، أبان، وضّح. (بوشر).
أعرض: عرض. (رولاند).
أعرض عن: تظاهر بعدم ملاحظة الشيء (فوك).
أعرض = أعرض عنه: صدّ عنه ورفضه.
(معجم الطرائف).
أعرض على: عرض علي. قدّم إليه. (بوشر).
أعرض ذاته: عرض نفسه، قدَّم نفسه، (بوشر).
أعرض للأخطار: تعرّض للأخطار. (بوشر).
أعرض نفسه ل: عرَّض نفسه، جعلها هدفاً. (بوشر).
أعرض في أو أعرض ل: تدخل في، شارك في، ووافق عليه ورضي به. (معجم الطرائف). هذا إذا كان الفعل فيه أعرض وليس عرض. تعرَّض له: أخذ شيئاً منه، سرقه، وتجرأ على ملامسته، وتجاسر على استملاكه. ففي كليلة ودمنة (ص241): ولتعلم إنه لم يكن يتعرض لِلَحْم استودعتَه إياه. وفي النويري (مخطوطة رقم 273، 572): وقد أصدر أمراً إلى النصارى أن لا يتعرضوا لماله ولادمه. أي بعدم التجاسر والتعدي على مال المسلم وحياته.
تعرّض لحرم فلان: اعتدى على شرف نسائه (أماري ص284، (انظر تعليقات نقدية) وص500). وفي تاريخ أبي الفداء (ص96): تعرض للمملكة وليس من بيت المملكة. ويقال أيضاً: تعرّض إلى (ابن الأثير 11: 70) وتعرض ب أيضاً، ففي الفخري (ص277) في كلامه عن الجنود: تعرّضوا بالنساء. ويقال أيضاً تعرَّض فلاناً بمضرَّة وأذية، أي أذاه وأضربه. (أماري دبي ص24، 27).
تعرَّض لي: تعهَّد، عقد تعهداً لشراء شيء ودفع ثمنه. أو يجهزه ويموّنه بثمن معين (بوشر).
تعرَّض: وضع عرضاً. وتوترّ وتمدّد. يقال: تعرضت السلسة (البكري ص39).
تعرّض الجنودُ: استعرضوا، مروا في استعراض عسكري. (أماري ص201) وانظر: تعليقات نقدية.
قعدوا متعرضين: جلسوا الواحد جنب الآخر. ترتبوا بعضهم بجانب البعض الآخر.
(زيشر 22: 155).
اعترض: اجتاز، قطع، عبر، ففي رحلة ابن بطوطة (:70) في الكلام عن مسجد عمرو بالقاهرة: والطريق يعترضه من شرق إلى غرب.
اعتراض: وضع بالعرض، وتوترّ وتمدَّد. يقال: اعترضت السلسلة. (ابن بطوطة: 1: 131).
اعترض: صدّ، أوقف، منع، أعاق السير، ففي تاريخ البربر (1: 23): اعترضوا هدية باديس من أفريقية إلى مصر فأخذوها.
اعترض: هاجم الجبهة، وهي ضد اعتلى أي هاجم برفع الذراع. (دي ساسي طرائف 2: 444).
اعتراض: على أو اعترض في: زاحم، نافس، ضادّ، ناوأ، تصدّى له. (بوشر).
اعترض على: عارض، ردّ على (بوشر، هلو).
استعرض: لا يقال استعرض المملوك بمعنى طلب شراءه فقط بل بمعنى تفحصه أيضاً.
(انظر كتاب محمد بن الحارث من 238، والثعالبي طبعة كول وبوردا من 38، ألف ليلة 2: 465) وألاحظ أيضاً أن فريتاج حين ذكر: Lustravit at Comparavit rem rei اعتماداً على جان جاك شولتنز فيما يزعم، فانه قد نسب إلى هذا المستشرق الشهير خطأ هو بريء منه. فشولتنز بذكر أولاً Lustravit ( أي استعرض وعاين وفحص) نقلاً عن أبي الفداء، ثم قال بعد ذلك: استعرضت الناقة بحضر موت Comparavi camelam Hadramautae نقلاً عن الحريري (ص485 طبعة دي ساسي) وهذا يعني: اشتريت ناقة بحضر موت. ويؤيد هذا قول بعض اللغويين: والمعنى اشتريتها. غير أن فريتاج فهم من هذه العبارة اللاتينية أنها تعني عارضت وقارنت ناقة بحضر موت، وهذا لغو لا معنى له، ومن الغريب حقاً إنه نقل هذه العبارة من مقامات الحريري في السطر السابق بشرحه أسوأ شرح.
استعرض الجندّ: طلب عرضهم عليه. (عبد الواحد ص72).
استعرض: حاد، تولي عن، صدف، أعرض عنه. ففي بسَّام (3: 5ر): خالعين لسليمان معارضة للطاعة، واستعراضاً للجماعة.
عَرْض. ملك عرض: في الهند هو الذي يعرض الجنود أي يستعرضهم ويتولى قيادتهم. (ابن بطوطة 3: 44)، ويقول صاحب كتاب طبقات الناصري: كان في أيام الأمراء الغوريين موظف يسمى صاحب ديوان عرض ويجب على من يرغب في الخدمة العسكرية أن يحضر أمامه (طبقات الناصري ص458).
عَرْض: وظيفة تقديم العرائض والالتماسات والطلبات إلى السلطان. ففي كرتاس (ص259): ومن كتابه الفقيه الكاتب البارع أبو عبد الله المغيلي كان يتولّى العرض والإنشاء.
عَرْض وجمعها أعراض وعروضات، ويقال أيضاً: عرض حال: تقرير، مذكرة، عريضة، طلب، التماس، مذكرة استرحام، استرحام، رسالة إلى رئيس (بوشر).
عَرْض: وجمعها عُروض: طلب. (هلو) وفي محيط المحيط: عرض الحال عند الكتاب كتاب من الأدنى إلى الاعلى وجمعه وعرض حالات.
عَرْض: بمعنى أثاث المنزل، المفروشات والرياش. وتجمع أيضاً على أعراض (الفخري ص19) وانظر فريتاج في مادة عَرَض.
عَرْض = صَفّ. (زيشر 22: 155) ففي المقري (1: 364): وكان الرجال في المسجد مثل حروف في عرض سطر. وهذا فيما أرى صواب قراءتها وفقاً لما جاء في عدد من المخطوطات ولما جاء في طبعة بولاق بدلاً من عروض. ومنه يقال: من عرض الناس= من جُمْلَة الناس. (1 زيشر 1: 1).
عَرْض: دائرة العمل، منطقة النفوذ والسلطة، وسعة القدرة والطاقة، وسعة العلم والمعرفة وسعة الحال. يقال مثلاً: هذا خارج من عرضه.
عرض الوادي: ضفة النهر (فوك).
عَرْض: بقرة، ثور. (دومب ص64).
من عَرْض الفَحصْ: عند، قرب (فوك) ولا أدري كيف أن هذه العبارة تدل على هذا المعنى.
عِرْض، وجمعها أعراض: قبيلة، عشيرة. ففي كتاب ابن خرداذبه (ص80) وقد نقلت في الحلل ص87 و) حيث يعدد قبائل البربر: أعراض البربر، هوارة وزناتة الخ، وعند رولان (ص352): قبائل رحل. ولعلها في الأصل. المقاطعات والمناطق التي تسكنها مختلف القبائل فسميت بأسمائها. (أنظر ياقوت 1: 541) حيث يتحدث عن البربر فيقول: وهذه من أسماء قبائلهم التي سميّت بهم الأماكن التي نزلوا بها.
عِرْض: شرف. وأهل عرض: أشراف (بوشر).
أكل العرضَ أو الأعراض أو عرضَه: اغتاب، نمّ، شنّع: انتقص من، ثلب، قذف، افترى عليه، وشي. (فوك، ألكالا).
نحن في عرضك: نطرح أنفسنا على مروءتك وشهامتك، كما ترجمها لين (ألف ليلة: 225) وفيها: أن رجلين خافا أن يقتلا فذهبا إلى أمهما وقالا لها: يا أمَّنا نحن في عرضك يا أمنا اشفعي فينا. وفي معجم بوشر: أنا في عرضك: الأمان الأمان! العفو العفو! عُرْض: كما يقال فلان من عرض الناس، يقال: فلان من عرض الجند، أي جند بسيط (مباحث 1 ص38).
عَرَض: جنَي، شيطان، صاحب عرض، وجمعها أصحاب أعراض: به مس من الشيطان (فوك).
عَرِض، عرض الممالك، انظرها في مادة عارض.
عَرْضَة وجمعها عَرَضات: الشيء الذي يُعْرَض ويرى. ففي طرائف فريتاج (ص38): ثم قال لخادمه يا بشرْ إذا أنا مُتُّ فاجعَل الرقاعَ في أكفاني ألُقَي بهما محمداً صلّعم في عَرَضات القيامة. وهذا الضبط للكلمات في المطبوع منه. عُرْضَة ل: مُعرّض ل، هدف ل، ففي العبدري في كلامة عن خِرْقة تسمى برقع تغطى بها نساء برقة وجوههن: فلا تزال تلك الخرقة عرضة للاتساخ.
عرضْى: قبيلة، عشيرة. (هلو).
عُرضى: معسكر، ثكنة (بوشر). ولا أدري أن كانت هذه الكلمة ذات علاقة مع أعْراض (انظر عِرْض) أو أن لها علاقة بالكلمة التركية أوردي أو أوردوا التي أخذنا منها كلمة: horde التي معناها معسكر.
عَرَضِيّ: طارىء، مفاجيء (فوك، محيط المحيط) الخطيئة العرضية: خلاف الكبيرة أو المميتة، وهي من اصطلاح النصارى (محيط المحيط).
عَرَضِيَّة: حالة الشيء العارض أي الطارئ (بوشر). عرضية= كَر (انظر طرّ): قطعة قماش تتخذ عمامة، وقد فسرت ب (ما يلف على الرأس) (ميهرن ص31) وقد ترجمها بما معناه طاقية وقلنسوة، وهذا خطأ.
عَروض: موسيقى، فن الغناء (ألكالا، المقدمة 3: 417). انظر عن هذا البيت الذي ذكر في المقدمة ملاحظاتي في الجريدة الآسيوية 1869، 2: 213 - 214). وفي المعجم اللاتيني العربي): melodia بَمَساق وعَرُوض حلْو.
عروض البَلَد: أغنية شائعة في المدينة، أغنية هزلية خفيفة. (المقدمة 2: 195، 3: 417) عَرُوض: شطر، مصراع، نصف بيت. (المقدمة 3: 417) والجمع أعاريض: أجزاء البيت، تفاعيل. (المقري 2: 406).
عَروُض: بَحرْ وزن الشعر وميزان الشعر.
(الجريدة الآسيوية (1869، 2: 186، 187، المعجم اللاتيني - العربي).
من ذا العُرُوض: من هذا النوع، من هذا الصنف، من هذا الجنس. (فوك).
الشاعر العَرِيض؟ (حيان ص9 ف) عَرِيض: جانب الجبل الذي هو في جهة المسافر، هذا إذ فهمت جيدا ما جاء من محيط المحيط وهو ما عُرِض واستقام من جانب الجبل، وهو من كلام المولدين.
عُرَاضة: عند أهل لبنان لإطلاق البارود في محافل الفرح (محيط المحيط).
عروضة: عينة، نموذج، مسطرة (بوشر).
عَريضة: في اصطلاح الكتاب عرض الحال (محيط المحيط).
عَرُوضِيّ: موسيقار (الكالا).
عَرُوضات: الراغبون، التائقون المشتهون. (رولاند).
عارض: السحاب المعترض في الأفق. ويقال العارض جائز، أي يهطل المطر مدراراً (دلابورت ص39. وفي معجم فوك: عارض: شؤبوب، وابل مدرار، زخة مطر. وهمرة، مزنة.
عارض: شبح، يقال: عارض رجل: شبح رجل (عباد 2= 120، 3: 211 رقم 11).
عارض: اختلال الصحة، سقم. ففي بدرون (ص17): طبيب لا يخُشى معه داء ولا شيء ولا عارض من العوارض.
عارِض: مرض يصيب الكرم (ابن العوام 1: 586).
عارض: يطلق على اختلال العقل. ففي حياة ابن خلدون (ص198 ق): لقي أعلام المشرق يومئذ فلم يأخذ عنهم لأنه كان مختلطا بعارض عرض في عقله. وفي محيط المحيط: والعارض للمسّ من الجنّ من كلام المولّدين.
عارض، جنى استولى على شخص وجننه.
(ألف ليلة 2: 341، 342، 343، 4: 532) عوارضُ السِكك: ملتقى الطرق فيما يظهر.
(المقري 1: 358).
عارضُ (أو عَرِض) الممالك: مفتش الأقاليم في الهند. أنظر التعليقة في رحلة ابن بطوطة (3: 458).
عارضَة: مِبشر، محك، مبرد ضخم (ألكالا) عارضًة لكلام: تفخيم الكلام. وقدرة على الكلام (بوشر).
عارِضيّ: طارئ، مفاجئ، غير مقصود (بوشر).
عارِضيّ: عَرَضي، فجائي (بوشر).
عارِضيَّة خَشَب: لوح، شريحة خشب (بوشر).
إعْراض: بيان، تفصيل، عَرْض (بوشر).
إعْراض: عطاء، هبة، هدية (بوشر).
تَعْرِيض: تورية: تلميح، إلماع (بوشر). مَعْرِض: سوق الرقيق (لين) وفي معجم (فوك): مَعَرَض وجمعها معارض: ساحة انعقاد الأسواق الدورية وفي كتاب الخطيب (ص37 و): وانا أقدر أن أشتري لك من الغرض (المعرض) أخيرا (خَيراً) منه بعشرين ديناراً. وما قلته هو الصواب لأنا نجد في المقري (2: 546): من سوق العبيد. وهو يعني المكان المذكور.
مُعْرِض: بمعنى أمكنه من عُرضِه. (انظر ديوان الهذليين ص266 البيت العاشر)، وجمعها: مَعارِض؟ (معجم مسلم).
مِعْراض: يبدو لي أنها تعني المعنى المألوف الذي ذكره لين في العبارة التي نقلت في معجم مسلم.
مِعْراض: حاجز، عائق. ففي المقري (3: 118): قال السلطان وقد حضر تشييع ميت: كيف تتركون الخيلَ تصل إلى ضريح الشيخ هَلاً عرَّضتم هنالك (وأشار إلى حيث المعراض الآن) خشبة ففعلنا. فمعراض تعني إذا خشبة معرَّضة وهي قطعة من الخشب توضع بالعرض.
مِعْراض: رتاج الباب، وهو قضيب يوضع وراء الباب لإغلاقها، وجمعها معارض. (بوسييه).
مَعْرُوض: مُعَرَّض. (بوشر).
مَعْرُوض: عريضة، عَرْض الحال عند الكتاب (محيط المحيط).
مَعْرُوض: حديث النعمة، حديث الغنى (رولاند).
اعتراض: استطراد الكلام وخروج عن الموضوع في الكلام. (بوشر).
اعتراض: جملة معترضة (بوشر) والجمع مُعْتَرِضات: يظهران معناها قنوات صغيرة تربط فيما بينها القنوات الكبرى. (معجم البلاذري).
مُتَعرِض: متعهد بإجراء أمر. والذي يتعهد ويتكفل بتجهيز المؤن وبالدفع والبيع إلى غير ذلك (بوشر).

(ع ر ض) : (الْعَرْضُ) خِلَافُ الطُّولِ وَشَيْءٌ عَرِيضٌ (وَيُقَالُ) إنَّهُ لَعَرِيضُ الْقَفَا أَيْ أَحْمَقُ (وَلَقَدْ أَعْرَضْتُ الْمَسْأَلَةَ) جِئْتُ بِهَا عَرِيضَةً وَاسِعَةً (وَالْمِعْرَاضُ) السَّهْمُ بِلَا رِيشٍ يَمْضِي عَرْضًا فَيُصِيبُ بِعُرْضِهِ لَا بِحَدِّهِ (وَالْعَرْضُ) أَيْضًا خِلَافُ النَّقْدِ (وَالْعُرْضُ) بِالضَّمِّ الْجَانِبُ (وَمِنْهُ) أَوْصَى أَنْ يُنْفَقَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ عُرْضِ مَالِهِ أَيْ مِنْ أَيِّ جَانِبٍ مِنْهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يُعَيِّنَ وَفُلَانٌ مِنْ عُرْضِ الْعَشِيرَةِ أَيْ مِنْ شِقِّهَا لَا مِنْ صَمِيمِهَا وَمُرَادُ الْفُقَهَاءِ أَبْعَدُ الْعَصَبَاتِ وَاسْتَعْرَضَ النَّاسُ الْخَوَارِجَ وَاعْتَرَضُوهُمْ إذَا خَرَجُوا لَا يُبَالُونَ مَنْ قَتَلُوا (وَمِنْهُ) قَوْلُ مُحَمَّدٍ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - إذَا دَخَلَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مَدِينَةً مِنْ مَدَائِنِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَعْتَرِضُوا مَنْ لَقُوا فَيَقْتُلُوا أَيْ يَأْخُذُوا مَنْ وَجَدُوا فِيهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يُمَيِّزُوا مَنْ هُوَ وَمِنْ أَيْنَ هُوَ (وَأَمَّا) مَا فِي الْمُنْتَقَى رَجُلٌ قَالَتْ لَهُ امْرَأَتُهُ أَبْغَضْتُك وَعَرَضْتُ مِنْكَ فَالصَّوَابُ غَرِضْتُ بِالْغَيْنِ الْمُعْجَمَةِ وَكَسْرِ الرَّاءِ مِنْ قَوْلِهِمْ غَرِضَ فُلَانٌ مِنْ كَذَا إذَا مَلَّهُ وَضَجِرَ مِنْهُ قَالَ أَبُو الْعَلَاءِ
إنِّي غَرِضْتُ مِنْ الدُّنْيَا فَهَلْ زَمَنِي ... مُعْطٍ حَيَاتِي لِغِرٍّ بَعْدَمَا غَرِضَا
وَمِنْهُ فَادَّانَ مُعْرِضًا أَيْ اسْتَدَانَ مِمَّنْ أَمْكَنَهُ الِاسْتِدَانَة مِنْهُ (وَقَوْلُهُمْ) عَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَتَاعَ إمَّا لِأَنَّهُ يُرِيَهُ طُولَهُ وَعَرْضَهُ أَوْ عُرْضًا مِنْ أَعْرَاضِهِ (وَمِنْهُ) اعْتَرَضَ الْجُنْدُ لِلْعَارِضِ وَاعْتَرَضَهُمْ الْعَارِضُ إذَا نَظَرَ فِيهِمْ وَمِثْلُهُ قَوْلُهُ عَرَضَ عَلَى رَجُلٍ جِرَابَ هَرَوِيٍّ فَاشْتَرَاهُ الَّذِي اعْتَرَضَ الْجِرَابَ (وَالتَّعْرِيضُ) خِلَافُ التَّصْرِيحِ وَالْفَرْق بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْكِنَايَةِ أَنَّ التَّعْرِيضَ تَضْمِينُ الْكَلَامِ دَلَالَةً لَيْسَ لَهَا فِيهِ ذِكْرٌ كَقَوْلِك مَا أَقْبَح الْبُخْلَ تَعْرِيضٌ بِأَنَّهُ بَخِيلٌ وَالْكِنَايَةُ ذِكْرُ الرَّدِيفِ وَإِرَادَة الْمَرْدُوف كَقَوْلِك فُلَانٌ طَوِيلُ النِّجَادِ وَكَثِيرُ رَمَادِ الْقِدْرِ يَعْنِي أَنَّهُ طَوِيلُ الْقَامَةِ وَمِضْيَافٌ (وَالْعَرَضُ) بِفَتْحَتَيْنِ حُطَامُ الدُّنْيَا (وَمِنْهُ) الدُّنْيَا عَرَضٌ حَاضِرٌ وَفِي اصْطِلَاحِ الْمُتَكَلِّمِينَ مَا لَا بَقَاءَ لَهُ (وَقَوْلُهُمْ) هُوَ عَلَى عَرَضِ الْوُجُودِ أَيْ عَلَى إمْكَانِهِ مِنْ أَعْرَضَ لَهُ كَذَا إذَا أَمْكَنَهُ وَحَقِيقَتُهُ أَبْدَى عُرْضَهُ.

عرض

عَرَضَ(n. ac. عَرْض)
a. Happened, took place, occurred, befell.
b. [acc. & La], Showed to; placed before; presented to.
c. [acc.
& c. ), slew; flogged, whipped.
d. Reviewed; held a review.
e. Read, recited.
f. Followed ( the footsteps of ).
g. [La], Interfered with.
h. [La], Became practicable, easy to.
i. Hit in the side.
j. [acc. & 'Ala], Placed sideways.
k. Came to Mecca.
l. Branded.
m.(n. ac. عَرْض), Defrauded.
n. [pass.], Went mad.
a. see infra.

عَرِضَ(n. ac. عَرَض)
a. [La], Appeared, became apparent, showed himself to.

عَرُضَ(n. ac. عِرَض
عَرَاْضَة)
a. Was broad, wide, large.

عَرَّضَ
a. [acc. & La], Placed, put, set before, over against; presented
offered to; represented, explained to.
b. Widened, broadened, enlarged, extended.
c. Hinted at; suggested; insinuated.
d. [Bi
or
La], Made insinuations, threw out hints against.
e. Wrote indistinctly, illegibly.
f. see I (k)
عَاْرَضَa. Shunned, avoided.
b. Opposed, thwarted, crossed; contradicted;
interrupted.
c. Rendered the like to, paid back in his own
coin.
d. . Vied, competed, contended with, emulated
rivalled.
e. [acc. & Fī], Kept up with ( in walking ): walked by
the side of, accompanied.
f. [acc. & Bi], Compared, collated.
g. . Met, encountered.

أَعْرَضَa. see I (b) ( Bِ Bُ ) & II (b).
e. Presented (petition).
f. ['An]. Turned from; opposed, resisted, hindered.
g. [Fī], Was lavish, generous in.
تَعَرَّضَa. Showed, presented itself.
b. Was exposed; was shown, exhibited, displayed.
c. [La], Opposed, thwarted; contradicted.
d. [La], Undertook, ventured upon, essayed, attempted.
e. see I (a)
تَعَاْرَضَa. Opposed, withstood each other; contradicted each
other.

إِعْتَرَضَa. see I (a)b. [La], Appeared, presented himself to.
c. [La
or
'Ala], Confronted, encountered; opposed, withstood
thwarted, crossed, hindered; interfered with; contradicted.
d. [acc.
or
La], Faced; advanced towards; betook himself to.
e. Was intractable, refractory, perverse.
f. Rode a restive (animal).
g. Lay across; lay in the way of.
h. [pass.] ['An], Was prevented from.
i. Reviewed (troops).
j. [Min], Accepted a compensation.
k. Ate (thorns).
إِسْتَعْرَضَa. Asked to show, display, exhibit, expose.
b. Questioned.
c. Killed, gave &c. indiscriminately.
d. see (عَرُضَ)
& VIII (d).
عَرْضa. Width, breadth.
b. Happening; event, occurrence; incident;
accident.
c. Exhibition, display.
d. Review.
e. Wideness, ampleness, largeness; latitude ( in
geography ).
f. Side, slope ( of a mountain ).
g. (pl.
عُرُوْض), Goods, chattels, movables; wares, merchandise.
h. (pl.
عُرُوْض أَعْرَاْض), Hour of the night.
i. Cloud.

عَرْضَةa. Exhibition, display; representation.
b. Review.
c. Offer, tender.

عَرْضِيّa. Lumber-room; corner &c.

عِرْض
(pl.
أَعْرَاْض)
a. Honour, reputation, fame.

عُرْض
(pl.
عِرَاْض)
a. Side; lateral part; flank; face, surface;
slope.
b. Main part, bulk, mass.

عُرْضَةa. Intention, purpose, project, object, aim.
b. Equal, companion, fellow.

عُرْضِيّa. Unsteady in the saddle.
b. Restive, refractory, untractable, stubborn.
c. [ coll. ], Camp.
عُرْضِيَّةa. Restiveness, refractoriness, untractableness
indocility, stubbornness.

عَرَض
(pl.
أَعْرَاْض)
a. Accident; misfortune, calamity; chance.
b. Chancegain; windfall.
c. Goods; movables; merchandise.

عَرَضِيّa. Accidental; casual.
b. [ coll. ], Venial (
sin ).
عُرُضa. Side.

مَعْرَضa. see 18
مَعْرِضa. Place of showing; market-place.
b. Exhibition.

مِعْرَضa. Festive attire, goodly apparel.

عَاْرِض
(pl.
عَوَاْرِضُ)
a. Accident.
b. Fit, attack; crisis ( of an illness ).
c. Obstacle: mountain; cloud &c.
d. Cheek.
e. Comer.

عَاْرِضَة
(pl.
عَوَاْرِضُ)
a. fem. of
عَاْرِضb. Side; side of the face, cheek.
c. Sidetooth, molar tooth.
d. Crossbeam; cross-piece; rafter; lintel (
door ).
عِرَاْض
(pl.
عُرُض)
a. Stripe; mark, brand ( on the side ).
b. see 3
عُرَاْضa. Broad, wide.

عُرَاْضَةa. Gift, present.
b. [ coll. ], Volley, salvo
discharge of musketry.
عَرِيْض
(pl.
عِرَاْض)
a. Wide, broad; large; extensive; vast.
b. Ample; abundant, plentiful.
c. (pl.
عُرْضَاْن), Yearling (kid).
عَرُوْض
(pl.
عُرُض
أَعَاْرِيْضُ
69)
a. Measure, metre; foot ( of a verse ).
b. Prosody.
c. Path, track; tract.
d. Sense, meaning, drift, purport ( of a
speech ).
عَرُوْضِيّa. Prosodist, prosodian.

عِرِّيْضa. Forward, officious, interfering; interferer, busybody
meddler.

مِعْرَاْضa. Featherless arrow.
b. Ambiguous speech.

N. P.
عَرڤضَa. Offered, presented: petition; memoir, report.

N. Ag.
عَرَّضَa. Straggling (camel).
b. Circumciser.

N. P.
عَرَّضَ
(pl.
مَعَاْرِضُ مَعَاْرِيْضُ)
a. Obscure, vague, enigmatical (speech).
b. Branded.

N. Ag.
عَاْرَضَa. Untractable.

N. Ag.
أَعْرَضَa. Occurring, presenting itself.
b. see N. Ag.
عَرَّضَ
(b).
N. Ag.
إِعْتَرَضَa. Parenthetic (clause).
b. Sudden, unexpected.
c. Transversal, transverse; hindrance.

N. Ac.
إِعْتَرَضَa. Opposition; interference; objection;
contradiction.

مُعَارَضَة [ N.
Ac.
عَاْرَضَ
(عِرْض)]
a. see N. Ac.
VIII
عَرَضًا
a. Accidentally, by chance, casually;
unintentionally.

عَرْض حَال عَرْضُحَال ( pl.

عَرْضُحَالَات )
a. [ coll. ], Petition; report
statement, memoir.
يَوْم العَرْض
a. The day of Judgment.

عِلْم العَرُوْض
a. Prosody.

هُو عُرْضَة لِذٰلِك
a. He is equal to, ready for that.

جَعَلْتُهُ عُرْضَةً ل
a. I have set him as an obstacle to, as a butt
for.

عِرَضَنَة عِرَضْنَى
a. Briskness, liveliness, sprightliness.

عرض عَرُضَ الشَّيْءُ عَرْضاً وعِرَضاً وعَرَاضَةً، وهو عَرِيْضٌ وعُرَاضٌ. وعَرًضْتُه وأعْرَضْتُه: جَعَلْتَه عَرِيْضاً. وأعْرَضَ هو: صارَ ذا عَرْض.
وأعْرَضَتِ المَرْأةُ: أتَتْ بأوْلادٍ عِرَاض. وماتَ وهو عَرِيْضُ البِطَانِ: أي جَمُّ المال.
وعَرِيْضٌ: اسم لِجَبَل مُنْقَادٍ في نِيْرِ عاضِرَة.
والعَرِيْضُ: الجَدْي إذا بَلَغَ ونَزَا أو كادَ. وهو عِنْد أهل الحِجاز: الخَصِي من الغَنَم. والجَمْعُ منهما: العِرْضَانُ. وأعْرَضْتُه: خَصَيْته، واسْتَعْرَضَ.
وعَرَضَه للشِّرَى أو الهِبَةِ عَرْضاً. وعَرَضْتُ الجَيْشَ فاعْتَرَضُوا: أمْرَرْتُهم عَلَي. وعَرَضْتُ الكِتَابَ والهِبَةَ، وعَارَضْتُه: قَابَلْتَه. وعَرَضْتُهم على السَّيْفِ والسوْط ضَرْباً وقَتلاً، عَرْضاً.
وعَرَضَ الفَرَسُ في عدْوهِ، عَرْضاً: مَر مائلاً رأسُه وعارِضاً صَدرَه.
وعَرَضْتُه من حَقَه كذا: أي أعْطَيْته بَدَلَه. وعَرَضْتُ أعْوَاداً بَعْضَها فوقَ بَعْضٍ فاعْتَرَضَتْ عَرْضاً. وعَرَضَتِ الشًاةُ عَرْضاً: وهي العَارِضَةُ التي تُذْبَحُ لِعِلةٍ تَعْتَريه. وعَرِضَتْ له الغُوْلُ بكَسْر الراء، وفَتْحُها لُغَةُ، عَرَضاً.
ومَرَّ فَعَرَضْتُ له، بفَتْح الراء، وكَسْرُها لُغَةٌ. وعَارَضْتُه في البَيْع فَعَرَضْتُه، عَرْضاً: غَبَنْتُه وصار الفَضْلُ في يدي. وأعْرَضَ الظبْيُ، وعَرَضَ أيضاً: بَدا عرْضُه. والنهرُ مُعْرِضٌ لَكَ: أي مَوْجُوْدٌ لا تُمْنَعُ منه. وأعْرَضَ عَني: حَادَ.
وأعْرَضْت به: جَعَلْتُه في عُرْضي أي ناحِيَتي. وعَارَضْتُه في المَسِيْر: سِرْتَ حِيَاله.
وعَارَضْتُه فيه: بَارَيْتَه وصَنَعْتَ مِثْلَ ما صَنَعَ. وعارَضْتُ: أخَذْتَ في عُرْض - ويُقال: عِرَاض أيضاً -: أي ناحِيَة.
ووُلدَ عِرَاضَاً وعن مُعَارَضَةٍ وعِرَاض: أي زِنىً.
ولقَحَتِ الناقةُ عِراضاً: وهو أنْ يَتَنوَخَها فَيَضْرِبَها من غيرِ أنْ يُقَاد إليها. وقيل: العِرَاضُ: الفَحْل؛ سُميَ به لأنه يُعارِضُ النوْقَ، وجَمْعُه أعْرِضَة.
وعَارَضَ فلاناً: أخَذَ في طريقٍ وأخَذَ هو في غيره ثم لَقِيَه. وعَارَضْتُه بِمَتَاع مُعَارَضَةً.
ونَظَرْتُ إليه مُعَارَضَةً: أي من عُرْضٍ.
والعِرَاضُ: مِيْسَمٌ في عَرض الفَخِذِ. وقد عَرَضْتُ البعيرَ وعَرضْتُه. وبه عُرُضٌ: أي عِرَاضٌ. والمُعَارِضُ: النّاقةُ تَرْأمُ بأنْفِها وتَمْنَعُ درَها. واعْتَرَضْتُ الشَيْءَ: تَكًلّفْته.
واعْتَرَضْتُ عَرْضَه: نَحَوْتَ نَحْوَه. واعْتَرَضَ عِرْضَه: وَقَعَ فيه وتَنَقَصَه. وإذا قابَلَه وسَاواه في الحَسَب أيضاً. واعْتَرَضَ الفرَسُ في الرسَنِ: لم يَسْتَقِمْ لقائدِه. واعْتَرَضَ له بِسَهْمٍ: أقْبَلَ قُبَلَه فَقَتَلَه. واعْتَرَضْتُ المَتَاعَ والنّاسَ: عَارَضْتَهم واحِداً واحِداً. واعْتَرَضَ الكلامَ: أخَذه بأدْناه.
واعْتَرَضَ البَعيرَ: رَكِبَه وهو صَعْبٌ لم يُرَضْ. ويُقال جَمَلٌ عَرُوْضٌ وعِرَضٌ: أي قَبِلَ بعضَ الرِّياضَةِ ولم يَسْتَحْكِمْ. وأخَذَ في عَرُوْض سوء وعَرْضَاءِ سوء: أي جانِبِ سَوْء.
ولَقِيتُ منه عَرُوْضاً صَعْبَةً: أي أمْراً صَعْباً. والعَرُوْضُ: مكًةُ والمدينة واليَمَن.
وحَي عَرُوْض: كَثيرٌ. والعَرُوْضُ: طَريق في عُرْض الجَبَل، وهو ما اعْتَرَضَ في مَضِيْقٍ، والجَميعُ: العُرضُ. وعَرُوْضُ الجَبَل: شُعْبَة منه.
والعَرُوْضُ: السحابُ، وكذلك: العِرْضُ والعَرْضُ والعَارِض.
وعَرُوْضُ الشعْر: فَواصِلُ الأنْصاف، يُؤنَثُ، ويجوز تذكيره. وقيل: هر النَصف الأوَلُ من البَيْت. ومنهم مَنْ جَعَلَه طريقَ الشَعْرِ وناحِيَتَه. وتَعَرضَ له بكذَا ولمَعْروفِه.
وهو عِرِّيْضٌ: يَتَعًرّضُ للناس بالشَر. وتَعَرَّضَ كذا: أبْدى عُرْضَه. وتَعًرّضَ الشَيْءُ والحَبُّ: فَسَدَ. وتَعًرضْتُ الجَبَل: أخَذْتَ فيه يَميناً وشِمالاً. وعَرضْتُ له وبه: خِلافُ صَرَّحْت. ومنه المَعَاريض. وعَرَفْتُه في مِعْرَاض كَلامِه: أي فَحْواه. وعَرضَ: ذهبَ بالشَيْء مَرةً هكذا ومرة هكذا. واسْتَعْرَضَهُم بالسيْفِ: لم يُبْقِ أحَداً إلا ضَرَبَه. وكذلك اسْتَعْرَضَهم بالعَطاء. والأعْرَاضُ: جَمْعُ عِرْض: وهو الأراكُ والأثلُ والحمضُ. وحَكى بعضُهم: بِبِلادِنَا عَرْضَاوات: لأماكِنَ تُنْبِتُ الأعْراضَ.
والعِرْضُ: اسْمُ وادي اليمَامَة. وقيل: هو اسْمٌ لِكُل وَادٍ فيه الشَجَرُ. ووادي القُرَى: عِرْضٌ.
والأعْرَاضُ: قُرَىً بَيْنَ الحِجاز واليَمَن والسًرَاة. وفي لُغَةٍ أخرى: هي مثْلُ الأقاليم والرساتِيْق.
وعِرْضٌ من الجَرَاد: طَبَقٌ منه.
والعِرْضُ: الثوْبُ الذي يَلي بَدَنَ الإِنْسانِ. ورِيْحُ بَدَنِ الإِنسان، وأكْثَرُ الناس يقول: عِرْضُه: نَفْسُه. والحَسَبُ. والجَبَلُ، ويُقال في الجَبَل خاصَةً: العَرْضُ - بالفَتح - أيضاً.
ويُقال: لا تَعْرِضْ عِرْضَهُ: أي لا تَذْكُرْه بسُوء.
وقيل: عِرْضُ الرجُل: ما يُمْدَح منه ويُذَم. وقيل: خَلِيْقَتُه. والعَرْضُ والعَارِضَةُ: الجَماعَةُ من الجَراد والنًحْل تَمْلأ الأفق. والأعْرَاضُ: المَغَابِنُ. وقيل: أعْراضُ البَدَنِ نَواحِيْه.
والعُرْضُ: عُرْضُ الحائط. وعُرْضُ المال وعُرْضُ البَحْر: أي وَسَطه. وقيل: عُرْضُ الشَّيْء: هو نفسه. وجَرى في عُرْض الحَدِيْث وفي عُرَاضِه أيضاً. ونَظَرْت إليه عن عُرْضٍ: أي ناحِيَةٍ. والعُرْضَةُ: الهَمّةُ، وهو لا يَعْرِضُ به: أي لا يَهًم به.
وهو عُرْضٌ للنّاس وعُرْضَةٌ لهم: أي لا يَزالونَ يَقَعُوْن فيه. وقد عَرَضْتُه: أي جَعَلْتَه عُرْضَةً.
ونَاقَة عُرْضِيَّةٌ: صَعْبَةٌ. وفيها عُرْضِيَّةٌ. وهو ذُوْ عُرْضِيٍّ - بمعْنى عُرْضِيًةٍ -: أي ذو قوة.
والعُرْضَةُ: المنْديلُ على وَسَط القَصَابِ كُلَما أصَابَه أو سِكيْنَه وَسَخ لَطَخَه به.
ويُقال: لا تجْعَلْه عُرْضَة. وفُلانٌ من عُرْض الناس: أي من سَفِلَتِهم. والمِعْرَاضُ: السهْمُ الذي لا رِيْشَ عليه يَمْضي عَرْضاً. وثَوْبٌ مِعْرَض: تُعْرَضُ فيه الجَارِية.
وهو يَمْشي العِرَضْنى والعِرَضْنَةَ: إذا اشْتَق في العَدْوِ مُعْتَرِضاً من النشاط. وامْرَأة عِرَضْنَةٌ: ضَخْمَةٌ ذهَبَتْ عَرْضاً من سِمَنِها.
والعَرَضُ: من أحْداثِ الدنيا نحو لمرض والمَوْت. والمَالُ. وحُطَامُ الدنْيا أيضاً. وأصَابَه سَهْمُ عَرَضٍ - مُضَاف -: تُعُمَدَ به غيرُه فأصَابَه.
والعُرَاضَةُ: الهَدِيَّةُ يُهْدِيْها القافِلُ من سَفَرِه. وما تَعًجّلْتَه من طعامٍ قبل أن يُشْرِكَ. والشَيْءُ يُطْعِمُه الرَّكْبُ مَن اسْتَطْعَمَهم من أهل المِياه. والعُرَاضَةُ: مِثْلُ العَرِيْضًة. ومَا عَرضْتُهم: أي ما أهْدَيْتَ ولا أطْعَمْت. وفُلان شَديدُ العَارِضةِ: أي ذو جَلِدِ وصَرَامَة. وعَارِضَةُ الوَجْهِ: ما يَبدو منه عِنْدَ الضَّحِك. وتُسَمَّى الضَوَاحِكُ من الأسْنَانِ: العَوَارِض. وهو خَفيفُ العَارِضَيْن: أي عارِضَي اللِّحْيَة. وكُلُّ ما اسْتقْبَلَكَ من شَيْ: فهو عَارِضٌ.
والعَوَارِضُ: سَقَائفُ المَحْمِل العِرَاضُ التي أطْرافُها في العَارِضَتَيْن. وكذلك عَوَارِضُ الخَشَبِ فوقَ البَيْت.
قال يَعْقُوْبُ: " طَأ مُعْرِضاً ": أي ضَعْ رِجْلَك حيثُ وَقَعَتْ ولا تَتَقِ شيئاً. ومنه: " فَادانَ مُعْرِضاً ".

عرض

1 عَرُضَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. عِرَضٌ, [instead of which, as a simple subst., عَرْضٌ is generally used,] and عَرَاضَةٌ, It was, or became, broad, or wide; (S, O, * Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ اعرض, (A, TA,) which occurs in this sense in two exs. following. (TA.) [And in like manner, ↓ استعرض It grew, or spread, wide; said of a tree; opposed to طَالَ; occurring in the TA in art. بهل.] It is said in a prov., القِرْفَةُ ↓ أَعْرَضَتِ (S, O, * TA [but in two copies of the S, I find the verb in this instance written اعرضتُ, and in the O اعرضتَ, and I do not know that the reading in the TA, which seems to be the common one, is found in any copy of the S,]) Suspicion became, or has become, wide; syn. اِتَّسَعَت: (TA:) used when it is said to a man, “ Whom dost thou suspect ? ” and he answers, “ The sons of such a one,” referring to the whole tribe. (S, O, TA.) [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 112, where another reading is mentioned, which, by what he says, is shown to be أَعْرَضْتَ القِرْفَةَ Thou hast made suspicion wide.] In another prov. it is said, ثَوْبُ المَلْبَسِ ↓ أَعْرَضَ (IAar, A, TA, and K in art. لبس,) and المِلْبَسِ and المُلْبِسِ (IAar, and K in art. لبس,) and المُلْتَبِسِ (TA in art. لبس) i. e. صَارَ ذَا عَرْضٍ, (A, TA,) and عَرُضَ, and اِتَّسَعَ; (Sh;) [meaning the same as the prov. before mentioned;] used with reference to him whose suspicion has become wide; (IAar, and TA in art. لبس;) i. e. with reference to him who suspects many persons (IAar, Az, and K in art. لبس,) of a theft; (IAar, Az, and TA in that art.;) or of saying a thing: (TS, and TA in that art.:) or when thou askest a person respecting a thing and he does not explain it to thee. (TA in that art.) [See, again, Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 100, where it is said that أَعْرَضَ ثَوْبُ المُلْبِسِ app. means The garment of the suspected appeared, or has appeared: but that another reading is عَرُضَ, meaning became, or has become, wide.]

A2: عَرَضَ, aor. ـِ (Fr, S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. عَرْضٌ; (TA:) and عَرِضَ, (As, TS, K,) aor. ـَ (Fr, K,) or ـِ like حَسِبَ, aor. ـِ deviating from the general rule; (As, TS;) It (a thing) appeared, or became apparent, لَهُ to him; (S, O, Msb, K; [but in some copies of the K, instead of the explanation ظَهَرَ وَبَدَا, we find ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ وَبَدَا, which is a mistake;]) as also ↓ اعرض, (Fr, S, O, Msb, K,) which is a deviation from a general rule, being quasi pass. of عَرَضَهُ, which see below; (S, * O, * Msb, K;) [lit.] it showed its breadth, or width. (O, * TA.) You say, لَكَ الشَّىْءُ ↓ اعرض مِنْ بَعِيدٍ The thing appeared to thee from afar. (TA.) And عَرَضَتْ لَهُ الغُولُ, and عَرِضَتْ, (Az, S, O, K,) The ghool appeared to him. (K.) The Arabs say, of a thing, عَرَضَ and ↓ اعرض and ↓ تعرّض and ↓ اعترض, using these verbs as syn.; (Sh;) [app. as meaning It showed, presented, or offered, itself, (lit. its breadth, or width, or its side, see 5,) to a person: the first and last also often signify, and the others sometimes, he obtruded himself in an affair; interfered therein:] IKt disallows ↓ اعرض in the sense of اعترض, as not having been found by him: (TA:) [but] an instance of the former of these two verbs used in the sense of the latter of them occurs in the phrase لِلنَّاظِرِينَ ↓ إِذَا أُعْرَضَتْ [app. meaning When she shows, or presents, herself to the lookers], in a poem by one of the tribe of Teiyi. (Sh.) b2: عَرَضَ لَكَ الخَيْرُ, [in one place in the TA الخَبَرَ, and الخبر in a copy of the Msb,] inf. n. عَرْضٌ; (TA; [in one place in the TA عُرُوضٌ there referring to الخَبَرُ, which is app. a mistranscription;]) and ↓ اعرض; (S, O, K, TA;) Good [i. e. the doing of good] hath become within thy power, or practicable to thee, or easy to thee. (S, O, K, TA.) And لَكَ الظَّبْىُ ↓ اعرض The gazelle hath exposed to thee its side; (TA;) or hath put its side in thy power, (S, O, K, TA,) by turning it towards thee: (O, TA:) said to incite one to shoot it, or cast at it. (S, O.) Or لَكَ ↓ اعرض, said of an animal of the chase, or other thing, signifies It hath put in thy power, [or exposed to thee,] its breadth, or width: (A:) or لَهُ ↓ اعرض signifies it (a thing) became within his power, or practicable to him, or easy to him; lit., it showed its side [to him]. (Mgh.) [In the TA, I find أَعْرَضَ فِى الشَّىْءِ expl. as signifying He had the width of the thing in his power: but فى, here, seems to be a mistake for لَهُ.] A poet, also, says ↓ أَعْرِضِى addressing a woman; meaning أَمْكِنِى

[Empower thou; i. e. grant thou access]. (S.) b3: عَرَضَ لَهُ, aor. ـِ (As, S, K, TA;) and عَرِضَ, aor. ـَ (TA;) are also said of an event, (As, TA,) or of a disease, and the like, (S, K, TA,) such as disquietude of mind, and a state of distraction of the mind or attention; (TA;) [meaning It happened to him; it befell him; it occurred to him; was incident to him;] and also of doubt, and the like. (TA.) [So, too, is ↓ اعترض.] You also say, عَرَضَهُ عَارِضٌ مِنَ الحُمَّى وَنَحْوِهَا [An occurrence of fever, and the like, happened to him, or befell him]. (S.) And البَدَنَ ↓ اعترض [It befell the body] is said of [a disease, as, for instance,] the mange, or scab. (B, in TA in art. عر.) b4: عَرَضَ لَهُ, aor. ـِ (Msb, TA;) and عَرِضَ له, aor. ـَ (Msb;) He intervened as an obstacle to him, preventing him from attaining his desire, (Msb, TA, *) or from seeking to attain his desire, and from going his way; (TA;) as also له ↓ اعترض. (Msb.) Yousay also, عَرَضَ لَهُ أَشَدَّ العَرْضِ, and ↓ اعترض, He opposed himself to him (قَابَلَهُ بِنَفْسِهِ) with the most vehement opposition of himself. (TA.) See also 5, second sentence. One should not say, عرّضتُ لَهُ, with teshdeed, in the sense of اِعْتَرَضْتُ. (Msb.) You also say, عَرَضَ عَارِضٌ, meaning [An obstacle intervened, or prevented; lit.] an intervening thing intervened; a preventing thing prevented. (TA.) And سِرْتُ فَعَرَضَ لِى فِى الطَّرِيقِ عَارِضٌ مِنْ جَبَلٍ

وَنَحْوِهِ I journeyed, and there opposed itself to me, so as to prevent my going on, an obstacle consisting in a mountain, and the like; as also ↓ اعترض: whence the اِعْتِرَاضَات [or objections] of the lawyers; because they prevent one's laying hold upon the evidence. (Msb.) And عَرَضَ لَهُ الشَّىْءُ فِى الطَّرِيقِ The thing intervened as an obstacle to him in the way, preventing him from going on. (TA.) And عَرَضَ الشَّىْءُ The thing stood up and prevented; [or stood in the way, or presented itself as an obstacle; or opposed itself;] as also ↓ اعترض. (TA.) [And The thing lay, or extended, breadthwise, or across, or athwart; like اعترض, q. v.] And الشَّىْءُ دُونَ الشَّىْءِ ↓ اعترض The thing intervened as an obstacle in the way to the thing; syn. حَالَ. (S, O.) b5: مَا عَرَضْتُ لَهُ بِسُوْءٍ, aor. ـِ and ما عَرِضْتُ, aor. ـَ signify ما تَعَرَّضْتُ: see 5: or, as some say, I did not, or have not, become exposed to his reviling, or evilspeaking, by reviling, or speaking evil, of him. (Msb.) [See also عَرَضَ عِرْضَهُ, below.] b6: عَرَضَ لَهُ also signifies He went towards him; (TA in art. نحو;) and عَرَضَ عَرْضَهُ and عُرْضَهُ [the same, i. e.] نَحَا نَحْوَهُ; (K;) as also عرضه ↓ اعترض (TA.) b7: In the saying of El-Kumeyt, فَأَبْلِغْ يَزِيدَ إِنْ عَرَضْتَ وَمُنْذِرًا he means [And convey thou to Yezeed,] if thou pass by him, [and to Mundhir: or perhaps, if thou go to him: or if thou present thyself to him.] (S.) b8: عَرَضَ الفَرَسُ, (L, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (L, TA,) The horse went along inclining towards one side: (K, TA:) or ran inclining his breast and head: (L, TA:) and ran inclining his head and neck; (K; [in which only the inf. n. of the verb in this last sense is mentioned;]) the doing of which is approved in horses, but disapproved in camels. (TA.) [See also 3, and 5.] b9: عَرَضَ البَعِيرُ, (K,) inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (TA,) The camel ate of the أَعْرَاض, i. e. of the upper parts of the trees [or shrubs]. (K.) b10: عَرَضَتْ, said of a she-camel, A fracture, (S, O, K,) or some injurious accident, (S, O,) befell her; (S, O, K;) as also عَرِضَتْ; (O, K;) but the former is the more approved: (TA:) and عَرَضَ لَهَا a disease, or a fracture, befell her. (TA, from a trad.) Also, said of a sheep, or goat, (شاة,) It died by disease. (K.) and عَرِضَ الشَّآءُ The sheep, or goats, burst, or became rent, from abundance of herbage. (K.) and عَرَضَ, (IKtt,) inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (K,) He (an animal, IKtt, or a man, K, [but it is said in the TA that there is no reason for this restriction,]) died without disease. (IKtt, K.) b11: عَرَضَ بِسِلْعَتِهِ i. q. عَارَضَ بِهَا. (K.) See 3, in two places. [and under the same, see a similar phrase.] b12: عَرَضَ He (a man, S, O) came to العَرُوض, i. e. Mekkeh and El-Medeeneh, (S, O, K, TA,) and El-Yemen, (TA,) and what is around them. (S, O, K, TA.) A3: عَرَضَ الشَّىْءَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (Msb,) He made the thing apparent; showed it; exhibited it; manifested it; exposed it to view; presented it; (S, O, Msb, K;) unfolded it; laid it open: and also he mentioned it: (Msb:) [lit. he showed its breadth, or width, or its side: and hence it also signifies he made the thing to stand as an obstacle, دُونَ شَىْءٍ in the way to, or of, a thing.] You say, عَرَضَ لَهُ الشَّىْءَ He made apparent, showed, exhibited, manifested, or exposed to view, to him the thing; (S, O, K;) unfolded it, or laid it open, to him. (S, TA.) And عَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْرَ كَذَا (S, O, K *) He showed, propounded, or proposed, to him, such a thing, or such a case: (K, * TA:) [and he asked, or required, of him, with gentleness, the doing of such a thing; for]

العَرْضُ signifies طَلَبٌ بِلِينٍ, (Mughnee and K, voce أَلَا,) or طَلَبٌ بِلِينٍ وَتَأَدُّبٍ. (Mughnee voce لَوْلَا.) And عَرَضْتُ المَتَاعَ لِلْبَيْعِ [I showed, exposed, presented, or offered, the commodity for sale; or] I showed the commodity to those desirous of purchasing it. (Msb.) The phrase عَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ المَتَاعَ [He showed, or offered, to him the commodity] is used because the person shows to the other the length and breadth of the thing (طُولَهُ وَعَرْضَهُ), or because he shows him one of its sides (عُرْضًا مِنْ أَعْرَاضِهِ). (Mgh.) [Hence,] it is said in a trad. of Hodheyfeh, تُعْرَضُ الفِتَنُ عَلَى القُلُوبِ عَرْضَ الحَصِيرِ, which means, accord. to some, that فِتَن [Temptations, &c.,] will be [displayed and] embellished to the hearts of men like [as] the ornamented and variegated garment called حصير [is displayed and embellished]: (B, TA in art. حصر:) or the meaning is, that they will be laid and spread upon the hearts like the حصير: (IAth, TA in the present art.:) and some say that by this last word is here meant a certain vein extending across upon the side of a beast, towards the belly. (TA in art. حصر.) [Hence also,] عَرْضٌ سَابِرِىٌّ [A slight exhibition: (see art. سبر:)] so in the proverbs by A'Obeyd, in the handwriting of Ibn-El-Jawáleekee: (TA:) or عَرْضُ سَابِرِىٍّ: (TA, and so in a copy of the S in this art.:) or عَرْضَ سَابِرِىٍّ. (O, TA, and so in a copy of the S in this art.) With this agrees in meaning the saying عَرَضَ عَلَىَّ سَوْمَ عَالَّةٍ [He offered to me in the manner of offering water to camels taking a second draught: see also arts. سوم and عل; and see Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 84]. (TA.) Yousay also, عَرَضْتُ الجَارِيَةَ عَلَى البَيْعِ [I showed, or displayed, or exposed, or offered, the girl for sale]: (S, O, TA:) and in like manner المَتَاعَ [the commodity]. (TA.) And عَرَضْتُ لَهُ ثَوْبًا مَكَانَ حَقِّهِ; (S, O;) and عَرَضْتُ لَهُ مِنْ حَقِّهِ ثَوْبًا, (S, O, K,) or مَتَاعًا, (TA,) this meaning, [as also the former phrase,] I gave to him a garment, or piece of cloth, [or a commodity,] in place of his due: (S, O, K:) and in like manner, عرضت بِهِ. (El-Umawee, TA.) And عَرَضْتُ البَعِيرَ عَلَى

الحَوْضِ, which is an instance of inversion, meaning عَرَضْتُ الحَوْضَ عَلَى البَعِيرِ [I showed the watering-trough to the camel]: (S, O, Msb:) [or it agrees in meaning with the phrase] عَرَضَ النَّاقَةَ عَلَى الحَوْضِ, and ↓ أَعْرَضَهَا, [as rendered] He offered to the she-camel to drink [at the wateringtrough]. (L, TA.) And عَرَضَهُمْ عَلَى السَّيْفِ [lit. He exposed them to the sword; (see also 2;) meaning] he slew them (S, A, O, Msb, K) with the sword. (Msb.) And عَرَضَهُمْ عَلَى السَّوْطِ He beat them with the whip; he flogged them. (K, * TA.) And عَرَضَهُمْ عَلَى النَّارِ He burned them. (A, TA.) And عَرَضْتُ العَسَلَ عَلَى النَّارِ I cooked the honey [upon the fire] to separate it from the wax. (Msb.) [And عَرَضَ نَفْسَهُ لِلْهَلَاكِ He exposed himself to destruction.] b2: عَرْضٌ also signifies The bringing a man before a judge, and accusing him. (IAar, in TA, art. عقب.) [and The presenting, or addressing, a petition, &c., with عَلَى or لِ before the word signifying the person to whom it is presented or addressed.] b3: One says also, مَا يَعْرِضُكَ لِفُلَانٍ, (S, [so in two copies,] and O,) or مَا يَعْرُضَكَ, (L, TA,) with fet-h to the ى and damm to the ر, (L,) the verb being coordinate to نَصَرَ: (TA:) [app. meaning What causeth thee to present thyself to such a one?]: Yaakoob disallows one's saying ↓ مَا يُعَرِّضُكَ لِفُلَانٍ, with teshdeed. (S, O, TA.) [But the latter of these two verbs has a signification nearly allied to that which is here assigned to the former, and exactly agreeing with one mentioned before. See 2.] b4: عَرَضَ الجُنْدَ, (S, Msb,) and عَرَضَ الجُنْدَ عَرْضَ العَيْنِ, (S, O,) or عَرْضَ عَيْنٍ, (A, K, B, except that in the A and B we find الجَيْشَ instead of الجند,) aor. ـِ (Msb,) inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (Yoo, S,) He made the army, or body of soldiers, to pass by him, and examined their state, (S, O, K,) what it was: (S, O:) [i. e. he reviewed them:] or he made them to pass before him in review, that he might know who was absent and who was present: (A, B:) or he caused them to come forth, and examined them, that he might know them: (Msb:) and you say also, ↓ اعترضهُمْ, (S, O, K,) meaning [the same, or] he made them to pass by him, or before him, and examined them, one by one, (K, TA,) to see who were absent from those who were present. (TA.) You say also, ↓ اعترض المَتَاعَ وَنَحْوَهُ and عَلَى عَيْنِهِ ↓ اعترضهُ [He examined the commodity, and the like thereof, having it displayed before his eye]. (Th.) [See also عَرْضٌ.]

b5: عَرَضْتُ الكِتَابَ, (S, O, Msb,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (Msb,) I read, or recited, the writing, or book: (O, TA: [in the S it is unexplained, but immediately followed by عَرَضْتُ الجُنْدَ عَرْضَ العَيْنِ:]) or I recited it by heart, or memory. (Msb.) A4: عَرَضَ عِرْضَهُ, aor. ـِ (TA;) and ↓ اعترضهُ; (A, TA;) [perhaps originally signified He examined his grounds of pretension to respect, or the like: and then became used to express a frequent consequence of doing so; i. e.] he spoke evil of him; reviled him; detracted from his reputation: (A, TA:) or he corresponded to him, or equalled him, in grounds of pretension to respect: (TA:) [the former seems to be the more probable of the two meanings; for it is said that] فُلَانًا ↓ اعترض signifies he spoke evil of such a one; reviled him; detracted from his reputation; (Lth, S, O, K;) and annoyed him. (Lth, TA.) A5: عَرَضَ الشَّىْءَ, (K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (TA,) He hit the side (عُرْض) of the thing. (K.) A6: عَرَضَ العُودَ عَلَى

الإِنَآءِ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and السَّيْفَ عَلَى فَخِذِهِ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـُ and عَرِضَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) in both phrases, (O, K,) [J says, in the S, app. referring, not, as SM thinks, to the latter of the two phrases, but to the meaning, “this, only, with damm,”] He put the stick breadthwise, across, athwart, or crosswise, (مَعْرُوضًا, TA, or بِالعَرْضِ, Msb, TA, both meaning the same, TA,) upon the vessel, (Msb, TA,) [and so the sword upon his thigh: and ↓ عرّضهُ signifies the same.] b2: عَرَضَ الرُّمْحَ, aor. ـِ [and probably عَرُضَ also,] inf. n. عَرْضٌ; and ↓ عرّضهُ, inf. n. تَعْرِيضٌ; (TA:) He turned, or placed, the spear sideways; contr. of سَدَّدَهُ. (S, in art. سد, relating to the former verb; and L, in the same art., relating to the latter verb.) b3: عَرَضَ الرَّامِى القَوْسَ, inf. n. عَرْضٌ, The archer laid the bow upon its side on the ground, and then shot with it. (TA.) b4: The saying of Aboo-Kebeer El-Hudhalee, cited, but not expl., by Th, فَعَرَضْتُهُ فِى سَاقِ أَسْمَنِهَا is thought by ISd to mean And I made its (the sword's) breadth to become concealed in the thigh of the fattest of them. (TA.) A7: عَرَضَهُ He fed him: (Fr, TA:) [or he offered, or presented, to him food: for] عُرِضُوا signifies They were fed: and they had food offered, or presented, to them. (L, TA.) [See also 2, in the last quarter.] b2: عَرَضَ الحَوْضَ and القِرْبَةَ He filled the wateringtrough and the water-skin. (K.) A8: عَرَضَ الشَّوْكَ: see 8, near the end.

A9: عَرَضَ بَعِيرَهُ, inf. n. عَرْضٌ, He branded his camel with the mark called عِرَاض; (S;) and so ↓ عرّضهُ: (S, TA:) and عُرِضَ البَعِيرُ, inf. n. as above, The camel was branded with that mark. (K.) A10: عَرَضْتُهُ, (K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (K, TA,) I defrauded, or deceived, him in selling. (K.) A11: عُرِضَ, (K,) or عُرِضَ لَهُ, (A, TA,) inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (K,) He was, or became, mad, or insane, or possessed by jinn or by a jinnee: (A, K:) or he was, or became, affected, by a touch, or stroke, from the jinn. (TA.) 2 عرّضهُ, inf. n. تَعْرِيضٌ, He made it (a thing) broad, or wide; (S, K;) as also ↓ اعرضهُ, (Lth, S, K,) inf. n. إِعْرَاضٌ. (TA.) b2: See also 1, near the end, in three places. b3: تَعَرِيضٌ also signifies The speaking obliquely, indirectly, obscurely, ambiguously, or equivocally; contr. of تَصْرِيحٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as when thou askest a man, “ Hast thou seen such a one? ” and he, having seen him, and disliking to lie, answers, “Verily such a one is seen: ” (Msb:) or the making a phrase, or the like, to convey an allusion, or an indication not expressly mentioned therein; as when you say “ How foul is niggardliness! ” alluding to such a one's being a niggard (تُعَرِّضُ بِأَنَّهُ بَخِيلٌ): differing from كِنَايَةٌ, which is the mentioning of the consequence and meaning that of which it is the consequence; as when you say “ Such a one has a long suspensory cord to his sword, and has many ashes of the cooking-pot; ”

meaning that he is tall of stature, and one who entertains many guests: (Mgh:) [but many hold these two words to be identical in meaning.] You say, عَرَّضْتُ لِفُلَانٍ and بِفُلَانٍ, i. e. I said something [in the manner explained above], meaning such a one. (S, Msb.) [See also an ex. voce كَلَّآءٌ.] 'Omar defined [or rather explained]

التَّعْرِيضُ بِالفَاحِشَةِ [The making an allusion to that which is foul, or obscene] by the instance of a man saying to another “ My father is not an adulterer, nor is my mother an adulteress. ” (O, TA.) Or, accord. to the early authorities, عرّض signifies He used a phrase susceptible of different meanings, or an equivocal phrase, by which the hearer understood a meaning different from that which he (the speaker) intended: or, accord. to the later authorities, as Et-Teftezánee, he mentioned a thing by a proper or tropical or metonymical expression, to signify some other thing, which he did not mention; as when one says, “I heard him whom thou hatest praying for thee, and making good mention of thee; ” meaning in his praying for the Muslims in general. (El-Munáwee, in explaining the trad. إِنَّ فِى المَعَارِيضِ الخ, which see below, voce مِعْرَاضٌ.) تعريض with respect to the demanding of a woman in marriage in [the period of] her عِدَّة, [during which she may not contract a new marriage,] is the using language which resembles a demand of her in marriage, but does not plainly express it; as the saying to her “ Verily thou art beautiful,” or “ Verily there is a desire for thee,” or “ Verily women are of the things that I need: ” and تعريض is sometimes made by the quoting of proverbs, and by the introducing of enigmas in one's speech. (TA.) [When followed by عَلَى, it signifies The making an indirect objection against a person or saying &c.] b4: Also عرّض, (S, O,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He wrote indistinctly; (S, O, K;) not making the letters distinct, nor the handwriting rightly formed or disposed. (TA.) A2: تَعْرِيضٌ also sigsifies The making a thing to be exposed [or liable] to another thing. (K, [It is there expl., with the article ال prefixed to it, by the words أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لِلشَّىْءِ ↓ الشَّىْءَ عَرْضًا, or ↓ عَرَضًا, accord. to different copies; the latter (which see, last sentence but one,) app. the right reading; meaning مَعْرُوضًا, whichever be the right; for an inf. n. may be used in the sense of a pass. part. n.; and many a word of the measure فَعَلٌ is used in that sense, as, for instance, خَبَطٌ and نَفَضٌ and هَدَمٌ. That I have rightly rendered the above-mentioned explanation in the K is indicated by what here immediately follows.]) Hence the trad. مَا عَظُمَتْ نِعْمَةُ اللّٰهِ عَلَى عَبْدٍ إِلَّا عَظُمَتْ مَؤُونَةُ النَّاسِ عَلَيْهِ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْتَمِلْ تِلْكَ المَؤُونَةَ فَقَدْ عَرَّضَ تِلْكَ النِّعْمَةَ لِلزَّوَالِ [The blessing of God upon a servant, or man, hath not become great but the burden of other men upon him hath become great; and he who doth not take upon himself that burden causeth that blessing to be exposed to cessation]. (O, TA.) You also say, هُوَ لَهُ ↓ عَرَّضْتُ فُلَانًا لِكَذَا فَتَعَرَّضَ [I caused such a one to expose himself, or I exposed him, to such a thing, and he exposed himself, or became exposed, to it], (S, O, *) i. e. ↓ جَعَلْتُهُ عَرَضًا لِكَذَا. (O.) See also 1, last quarter. b2: Also The giving a thing in exchange for, as an equivalent for, or in the place of, another thing. (TA.) b3: And The act of bartering, or selling, a commodity for a like commodity. (K, * TA.) See 3, in two places. b4: And The giving what is termed an عُرَاضَة: (TA:) and the feeding with what is so termed: (K:) or the giving food of what is so termed. (S.) [See also 1, near the end.] It is said in a trad., respecting a company of travelling merchants making presents to Mohammad and Aboo-Bekr, عَرَّضُوهُمَا ثِيَابًا بِيضًا They gave to both of them white garments, or pieces of cloth. (L.) And you say, عَرَّضُوهُمْ مَحْضًا They gave them to drink [unmixed] milk. (TA.) And عَرِّضُونَا Give ye to us food of your عُرَاضَة; your wheat, or corn, which ye have brought. (S, TA.) b5: عرّض المَاشِيَةَ, inf. n. تَعْرِيضٌ, He made the cattle to have such pasturage as rendered them in no need of being fed with fodder. (TA.) A3: عرّض, (IAar, O,) inf. n. تَعْرِيضٌ (K,) also signifies He became possessed of عَارِضَة [i. e. courage, or courage and energy], (IAar, O, K,) and strength, or power, (IAar, O,) and a faculty of speech, (IAar, O, K,) or, as in the Tekmileh, and power of speech. (TA.) A4: And He kept continually to the eating of عِرْضَان, (O, * K, TA, [in the O عِرَاض,]) pl. of عَرِيضٌ. (TA.) A5: See also 4, last sentence.3 عَاْرَضَ [عَارضهُ has two contr. significations, which are unequivocally expressed by saying عارضهُ بِالخِلَافِ and عارضهُ بِالوِفَاقِ. (See عَانَدَهُ.) Thus one says,] عارضهُ, (Msb,) inf. n. مُعَارَضَةٌ, (TA,) He opposed him [being opposed by him]. (Kull p. 342.) b2: And [He vied, competed, or contended for superiority, with him; emulated, rivalled, or imitated, him;] he did like as he (the latter) did. (Msb, TA.) You say also, عَارَضْتُهُ بِمِثْلِ مَا صَنَعَ, (S, O,) or بِمِثْلِ صَنِيعِهِ, (K,) I did to him like as he did: (S, O, K:) whence المُعَارَضَة [in trafficking, as will be seen below]: as though the breadth (عَرْض) of the action of the one were like the breadth of the action of the other. (O, K.) And عارضهُ بِمَا صَنَعَهُ He requited him for that which he did. (L.) b3: [Hence] مُعَارَضَةٌ also signifies The selling a commodity for another commodity; exchanging it for another; as also عَرْضٌ: (TA:) and [in like manner] ↓ تَعْرِيضٌ, the act of bartering, or selling a commodity for a like commodity. (K, * TA.) You say, عارض بِسِلْعَتِهِ; and بِهَا ↓ عَرَضَ, (K, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَرْضٌ; (TA;) He exchanged his commodity; giving one commodity and taking another; (TA:) and مَتَاعَهُ ↓ عرّض he sold his commodity for another commodity. (TK.) Also عارضهُ بِالبَيْعِ (M and L in art. بد) and بَاعَهُ مُعَارَضَةً (S and K in that art.) [He bartered, or exchanged commodities, with him]. And ↓ أَخَذْتُ هٰذِهِ السِّلْعَةَ عَرْضًا I took this commodity giving another in exchange for it. (TA.) And when persons demand blood of other persons, and they [the latter] do not retaliate for them, they [the latter] say, نَحْنُ نَعْرِضُ مِنْهُ [We will give a compensation for it]: and they [the former] accept (اعترضوا) the bloodwit. (L.) b4: You say also, عَارَضْتُهُ فِى البَيْعِ فَعَرَضْتُهُ [I vied with him in endeavouring to defraud, or deceive, in selling, or buying,] and I defrauded, or deceived, him therein. (K, * TA.) And عارضهُ بِالمَجْدِ [He vied, or competed, or contended, with him, or emulated him, or rivalled him, in glory, or honour, &c.]: (L and K in art. مجد:) and in like manner عارضهُ بِالفَخْرِ. (K in art. فخر.) See 6. b5: عارضهُ, (O, K,) or عارضهُ فِى المَسِيرِ (S,) or فى السَّيْرِ, (A,) He went along over against him; or on the opposite side to him; (S, A, O, K;) in a corresponding manner; (TA;) [each taking the side opposite to the other.] b6: [Hence. عارضهُ as signifying It (a tract &c.) lay over against him. Also as syn. with اعرض عَنْهُ.] See 4. b7: [Hence also,] عارض, (S, O, K,) inf. n. مُعَارَضَةٌ, (TA,) He took to one side (S, O, K *) of the way, or ways, (accord. to different copies of the K,) while another took to another way, so that they both met. (TA. [See 3 in arts. خزم and زم.]) El-Ba'eeth says, مَدَحْنَا لَهَا رَوْقَ الشَّبَابِ فَعَارَضَتْ جَنَابَ الصِّبَا فِى كَاتِمِ السِّرِّ أَعْجَمَا [cited in the S, voce رَيِّق, but with رَيْقَ, in the place of رَوْقَ, and there ascribed to Lebeed,] meaning, accord. to ISk, [We praised to her the first part of youth, and thereupon] she took to the side of الصبا [or youthful foolishness, and amorous dalliance], or, as another says, she entered with us into it, in a manner not open, but making it appear to us that she was entering with us; جناب الصبا meaning جَنْبَهُ. (TA.) b8: عارض الجِنَازَةَ He came to the bier, or the bier conveying the corpse, intermediately (مُعْتَرِضًا), in a part of the way, not following it from the abode of the deceased: (O, K, TA:) said of Mohammad, in a trad. respecting the funeral of Aboo-Tálib. (O, TA.) b9: عارض المَرْأَةَ, inf. n. عِرَاضٌ and مُعَارَضَةٌ, He came in to the woman [indirectly, or] unlawfully; (Sgh, K, TA;) i. e. without marriage and without possession [of her as his slave]. (Sgh, TA.) Hence the saying, جَآءَتْ بِوَلَدٍ عَنْ عِرَاضٍ and مُعَارَضَةٍ She brought forth a child in consequence of a man's having so come in to her: (K:) or a child whose father was unknown. (A, O, TA.) [Hence also,] اِبْنُ مُعَارَضَةٍ i. q. سَفِيحٌ; (O, K;) i. e. A son the offspring of fornication. (O, TA.) b10: الجَوْزَآءُ تَمُرُّ عَلَى جَنْبٍ وَتُعَارِضُ النُّجُومَ, inf. n. مُعَارَضَةٌ, [Orion passes along towards one side, and is oblique in its course with respect to the other stars;] i. e. it is not direct [in the disposition of its stars, particularly of the three conspicuous stars of the belt, with respect to its course] in the sky. (As, S, O.) [See also 5.] b11: عارض الرِّيحَ, said of a camel, (TA,) [He turned his side to the wind;] he did not face the wind nor turn his back to it. (A, TA.) b12: نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ مُعَارَضَةً He looked at him, or towards him, sideways, or obliquely. (A, TA.) You say also, نَظَرَ عَنْ مُعَارَضَةٍ [He looked sideways, or obliquely]. (TA in art. خزر.) and you say of a she-camel, تَمْشِى مُعَارَضَةً لِلنَّشَاطِ [She goes obliquely by reason of briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness]. (S, K. * [See again 5, latter half.]) b13: عارض الشَّىْءَ بِالشَّىْءِ He compared the thing with the thing. (Msb.) You say, عارض الكِتَابَ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. مُعَارَضَةٌ and عِرَاضٌ, (TA,) He compared, or collated, the writing, or book, (S, O, K,) بِكِتَابٍ آخَرَ with another writing, or book. (S, * O, * TA.) And كَتَبَ كِتَابًا عَنْ مُعَارَضَةٍ [He copied, or transcribed, the writing, or book]. (K in art. نسخ.) b14: And المُعَارَضَةُ is syn. with المُدَارَسَةُ [probably as meaning The reading, or studying, with another]. (TA.) A2: ضَرَبَ النَّاقَةَ عِرّاضًا [He covered the she-camel agreeably with her desire] is said when the stallion is offered to her, and if she desire he covers her, but otherwise he does not: (S, O, TA:) in the K it is said, if he desire her; which is wrong: (TA:) this is because of her generous quality. (S, O, TA.) b2: And لَقِحَتْ عِرَاضًا She (a camel) conceived by a stallion, she not being of the camels among which he was sent. (AO, TA.) b3: See also 8, near the end.4 اعرض: see 1, first sentence; and in thirteen places after that, as far as the break after the words “ grant thou access. ” b2: Also He went wide (S, O, Msb, K) and long; (S, O, K;) فِى الشَّىْءِ [in the thing]; (Msb;) and فِى المَكَارِمِ (tropical:) [in generous actions]. (TA.) b3: اعرض عَنْهُ, (S, * O, * Msb, K,) inf. n. إِعْرَاضٌ, (S, O,) He turned away from, avoided, shunned, and left, it; (S, O, Msb, K;) lit. he took a side (عُرْضًا i. e. جَانِبًا) other than the side in which it was: (Msb:) or he turned his back upon it: (IAth, TA:) and [in like manner]

↓ عارضهُ he turned aside, or away, from him; avoided him; shunned him; (S, O, K;) lit. he became aside with respect to him. (TA.) A2: اعرضهُ: see 2, first signification. b2: أَعْرَضَتْ بِوُلْدِهَا She (a woman) brought forth her children broad [in make]; expl. by the words وَلَدَتْهُمْ عِرَاضًا; (S, O, K;) [not meaning عَنْ عِرَاضٍ, (see 3,) as Freytag, deviating from Golius, has understood it; unless SM be in error; for he says that] the last word in this explanation is pl. of عَرِيضٌ. (TA.) b3: اعرض المَسْأَلَةَ He put, or expressed, the question broadly; (Mgh;) widely; (Mgh, TA;) largely. (TA.) b4: اعرض النَّاقَةَ عَلَى الحَوْضِ: see عَرَضَ, latter half. b5: اعرض العِرْضَانَ He put for sale the عرضان [pl. of عَرِيضٌ, q. v.]. (O.) b6: And (O) He castrated the عرضان. (S, IKtt, O.) b7: [And app. He circumcized a boy: or so ↓ عرّض: see مُعَرِّضٌ.]5 تعرّض: see عَرَضَ, near the beginning, where these two verbs, and اعرض and اعترض, are said to be used as syn.; [app. as meaning It showed, presented, or offered, itself, to a person; lit. it showed, or presented, its breadth, or width; or, as تعرّض is expl. in the EM p. 19, it showed its عُرْض, i. e. side: this, or it, or he, presented, or offered, or exposed, its, or his, side, seems to be the primary signification of تعرّض, and of اعترض, as well as of عَرَضَ; and is of frequent occurrence: and all (as mentioned voce عَرَضَ) signify also he obtruded himself in an affair; interfered therein.] b2: [Hence,] تعرّض لَهُ He opposed himself to him; he offered opposition to him; or he attacked him; said of a man, and of a beast of prey, or noxious reptile, and the like; as also ↓ عَرَضَ and ↓ اعترض: this signification also is of frequent occurrence. (The lexicons passim.) b3: [Hence also,] He addressed, or applied, or directed, himself, or his regard, or attention, or mind, to him, or it; [as though he set himself over against the object to which the verb relates;] syn. تَصَدَّى. (Lth, Lh, S, O, Msb, K.) So in the saying, تعرّض لِمَعْرُوفِهِمْ and مَعْرُوفَهُمْ [He addressed himself, &c., presented himself, betook himself, advanced, came forward, or went forward, or attempted, to obtain their favour, or bounty]: and تعرّض لِلْمَعْرُوفِ and المَعْرُوفَ [He addressed himself, &c., to obtain favour, or bounty; and] he sought, or demanded, it: (Az, Msb:) and [so] للمعروف ↓ اعترض (Msb in art. عر. [See also اعترض لَهُ.]) So too in the saying, تَعَرَّضُوا لِنَفَحَاتِ رَحْمَةِ اللّٰهِ [Address ye yourselves, &c., to become objects of the effusions of the mercy of God]; (O, K, TA;) occurring in a trad. (TA.) And hence the saying, تعرّض فِى شَهَادَتِهِ لِكَذَا He addressed himself, &c., (تصدّى,) in his testimony, to the mention of such a thing. (Msb.) It is likewise syn. with تصدّى in the saying, تعرّض لِى فُلَانٌ بِمَكْرُوهٍ [Such a one addressed himself, &c., or attempted, to do me an abominable, or evil, action; or opposed himself to me with an abominable, or evil, action]. (Lth.) [In like manner also you say,] يَتَعَرَّضُ لِلنَّاسِ بِالشَّرِّ [He addresses himself, &c., to do to men evil; or he opposes himself to men with evil or mischief]. (S, K.) And مَا تَعَرَّضْتُ لَهُ بِسُوْءٍ [I did not address myself, or have not addressed myself, &c., to do to him evil]: and ↓ مَا عَرَضْتُ and ↓ مَا عَرِضْتُ are said to signify the same. (Msb.) [See 1.] Yousay also, تَعَرَّضْتُ أَسْأَلُهُمْ [I addressed myself, &c., to ask them]. (S, O. *) And جَآءَ فُلَانٌ يَتَعَرَّضُ, and يَتَضَرَّعُ, Such a one came asking, or petitioning, to another, for a thing that he wanted. (Fr, in S, art.ضرع.) b4: And تعرّض الرِّفَاقَ He asked the companies of travellers for what are termed عُرَاضَات [pl. of عُرَاضَةٌ, q. v.]. (TA.) b5: تعرّض لِكَذَا [also signifies He exposed himself, or became exposed, to such a thing]. (S.) See 2, latter portion. b6: Also تعرّض, [from عُرْضٌ,] He, or it, turned aside; turned from the right course or direction; syn. تَعَوَّجَ; (S, K, TA;) and زَاغَ: (TA:) his, or its, course, or march, was, or became, indirect, or oblique. (L, TA.) You say, تعرّض الجَمَلُ فِى الجَبَلِ The camel went to the right and left, [in, or upon, the mountain,] on account of the difficulty of the road, or way. (S, O, K.) And تَعَرَّضَتِ الإِبِلُ المَدَارِجَ The camels went along the routes (فِى المَدَارِجِ) [المَدَارِجَ being in the accus. case because فى is understood, not that the verb is trans.] to the right and left; (A;) i. e., alternately to the right and left. (T in art. ثنى.) [See a verse cited voce تَصَدَّفَ, and its explanation.] Dhu-l-Bijádeyn, being guide to the Apostle, addressing his she-camel, said, تَعَرَّضِى مَدَارِجًا وَسُومِى

تَعَرُّضَ الجَوْزَآءِ لِلنُّجُومِ هٰذَا أَبُو القَاسِمِ فَاسْتَقِيمِى (S, O) Go thou along routes to the right and left, avoiding the rugged acclivities, [and continue thy course, or as expl. in the TA, art. سوم, pass along quickly,] (TA,) like as الجوزاء [Orion] passes along in the sky obliquely, or indirectly, in the disposition of its stars [with respect to the other stars: (see 3, towards the end:) this is Abu-l- Kásim; therefore go thou right]. (IAth, TA.) b7: تعرّض الفَرَسُ فِى رَسَنِهِ i. q. اعترض, q. v. (TA.) You say also, of a camel, فِى سَيْرِهِ ↓ يَعْتَرِضُ [He inclines towards one side, in his march, or course; or goes obliquely, or inclining towards one side]. (K: and so in one copy of the S: in another copy of the S, يَتَعَرَّضُ. [See also 3, last quarter.]) b8: تعرّض also signifies It (a thing) became infected, vitiated, or corrupted; and in this sense it is said of love: (TA:) [as though it turned from the right course, or direction; a signification mentioned before; and thus it is expl. in the S, as occurring in the phrase تعرّض وَصْلُهُ, in the Mo'allakah of Lebeed; or, thus used, it signifies] it (a person's attachment to another) became altered, so as to cease. (EM p. 149.) 6 تعارضا They opposed each other. (Ibn-Maaroof, in Golius. [The verb is very often used in this sense.]) b2: They fought, or combated, each other. (MA.) b3: They did each like as the other did; they imitated each other: they vied, competed, or contended, each with the other; they emulated, or rivalled, each other: (TA in art. برى:) syn. تَبَارَيَا. (K in that art.) 8 اعترض: see عَرَضَ, near the beginning, where these two verbs and اعرض and تعرّض, are said to be used as syn., app. in the senses expl. there and in the beginning of 5. b2: [Hence,] اعترض عَلَيْهِ He opposed, resisted, or withstood, him, or it; syn. اِمْتَنَعَ. (MA.) [See 1 in art. شنف, in two places.] b3: See also 5, second sentence. b4: And see from عَرَضَ لَهُ as signifying “ it happened to him ” as far as the end of the sentence explaining اعترض الشَّىْءُ دُونَ الشَّىْءِ.

اعترض signifies [It lay, or extended, breadthwise, across, transversely, athwart, sideways, obliquely, or horizontally: or so as to present an obstacle: or so intervened in any manner; as shown in the part last referred to, above: or rather it has both of these meanings; and in the former sense it is used, in the TA, art. حر, in describing the direction of an asterism, opposed to اِنْتَصَبَ: or, in other words,] it (a thing, S) became, (K,) or became an obstacle, (صَارَ عَارِضًا, S, O,) like a piece of wood lying across, or athwart, or obliquely, (مُعْتَرِضَةً,) in a channel of running water, (S, O, K,) or a road, (O, L,) and the like, preventing persons from passing along it. (L.) It is also said [of a collection of clouds appearing, or presenting itself, or extending sideways, or stretching along in the horizon like a mountain; see عَارِضٌ: and] of a building, or other thing, such as a trunk of a palm-tree, or a mountain, lying in a road: and as this prevents the passengers from passing along the road, it is used as signifying He, or it, prevented, or hindered: (O, K:) it is quasi-pass. of عَرَضَهُ. (K, * TA.) [And hence,] اُعْتُرِضَ عَنِ امْرَأَتِهِ, (O, TA,) not اِعْتَرَضَ, as the K seems to indicate, (TA,) He was prevented from going in to his wife, by an obstacle that befell him, arising from the jinn, or genii, or from disease: (O, K, TA:) occurring in a trad. (TA.) b5: [Hence,] اِعْتِرَاضٌ which is forbidden in a trad. [respecting horseracing] signifies A man's coming intermediately with his horse, in a part of the course, and so entering among the [other] horses. (O, L, K.) [See also عَارَضَ الجِنَازَةَ.] b6: [And hence,] اعترض الشَّهْرَ He commenced [the observances of] the month not from the beginning thereof. (S, O, K.) b7: [اعترضت الجُمْلَةُ The clause intervened parenthetically. b8: اعترض عَلَيْهِ He interposed in an argument, or the like, objecting against him something, by way of confutation]. And اعترض عَلَى

أَحَدٍ مِنْ قَوْلٍ أَوْفِعْلٍ He attributed to any one an error in respect of a saying or an action. (Har p. 687.) b9: اعترض الفَرَسُ فِى رَسَنِهِ The horse was perverse, untoward, or intractable, [in his halter,] to his leader; (S, A, O, K;) as also ↓ تعرّض. (TA. [See مُعْتَرِضٌ.]) And اِعْتَرِاضٌ in a man is The appearing and engaging in what is vain, or false, and refusing to obey the truth. (TA.) b10: اعترضهُ He faced him, and advanced towards him: (Har p. 420) and اعترض عَرْضَهُ and عُرْضَهُ [has nearly, if not exactly, the same signification]: see عَرَضَ. And اعتراض also signifies The coming in upon any one: or entering upon an affair. (Har p. 687.) b11: [اعترض لَهُ often means He presented himself, or advanced, or came forward, to him: and he addressed or betook himself, or advanced, or went forward, to it; namely, an action; like تعرّض له: see its syns. اِنْبَرَى and تَبَرَّى.] b12: See also 5, second sentence. b13: اعترض لَهُ بِسَهْمٍ He advanced towards him with an arrow, and shot at him, and slew him. (S, O, K.) b14: اعترض لِلْمَعْرُوفِ: see 5. b15: يَعْتَرِضُ فِى سَيْرِهِ: see 5, near the end.

A2: اعترض He rode while reviewing the army, or body of soldiers, or making them to pass by him and examining their state, (S, O, K,) عَلَى الدَّابَّةِ upon the beast. (S, O.) b2: اعترض الجُنْدُ The army, or body of soldiers, was reviewed: (Mgh, L:) quasi-pass. of عَرَضَ الجُنْدَ [which signifies the same as the phrase next following]. (O, L, TA.) b3: اعترض الجُنْدَ: and المَتَاعَ وَنَحْوَهُ and اعترضهُ عَلَى عَيْنِهِ: see عَرَضَ, last quarter.

A3: اِعترض عِرْضَهُ: and اعترض فُلَانًا: see عَرَضَ, last quarter.

A4: اعترض البَعِيرَ He rode the camel while refractory, or untractable, (S, O, K,) as yet. (K.) And اعترض العَرُوضَ He took the untrained she-camel in her untrained state. (TA. [In the original of this explanation is a mistranscription, which I have rectified in the translation; اخذعا for أَخَذَهَا.]) b2: [Hence, app.,] اعترض فُلَانٌ الشَّىْءَ Such a one undertook the thing, or constrained himself to do it, it being difficult, or troublesome, or inconvenient. (IAth.) A5: اعترض الشَّوْكَ (K, TA.) He ate the thorns: and الشَّوْكَ ↓ عَرَضَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. عَرَضَ, he took and ate of the thorns: both said of a sheep or goat, or rather of a camel: (TA:) and [in like manner] one says of a camel, الشَّجَرَ ذَا الشَّوْكِ بِفِيهِ ↓ عَارَضَ: and the camel that does so is said to be ذُو عِرَاضٍ. (S, O, K.) A6: See also 10, in five places.

A7: اعترض مِنْهُ [He accepted an equivalent, or a substitute, or compensation, for it]. You say, كَانَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ نَقْدٌ فَأَعْسَرْتُهُ فَاعْتَرَضْتُ مِنْهُ [Such a one owed a debt of money, and I demanded it of him when it was difficult for him to pay it, and I accepted an equivalent, &c., for it]: and اعترضوا مِنْهُ, referring to blood, when retaliation has been refused, means they accepted [قَبِلُوا, for which اقبلوا has been substituted by the copyists in the L and TA,] the bloodwit [as a compensation for it]. (L.) 10 استعرض: see عَرُضَ; second sentence. b2: استعرضت النَّاقَةُ بِاللَّحْمِ is like the phrase قُذِفَتْ بِاللَّحْمِ, (O, K, TA,) meaning The she-camel became fat and plump. (TA.) A2: استعرضهُ He asked him to show, or exhibit, to him what he had. (S, TA.) b2: استعرض الجَارِيَةَ He asked to show, or display, to him the girl on the occasion of sale. (Mtr, in Har p. 557.) A3: استعرضها He came to her from the direction of her side. (TA.) b2: [Hence, استعرضهُ also signifies, and so ↓ اعترضهُ, He betook himself to him or it, or he took him or it, or he acted with respect to him or it, without any direct aim, at random, or indiscriminately: and hence the phrase here following.] استعرض النَّاسُ الخَوَارِجَ and ↓ اِعْتَرَضُوهُمْ The people went forth against the Khárijees not caring whom they slew. (Mgh.) And مَنْ لَقُوا ↓ لَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَعْتَرِضُوا فَيَقْتُلُوا [There will be no harm to them] in their taking without distinguishing who and whence he is him whom they find, and slaying. (Mgh.) and يَسْتَعْرِضُ الخَارِجِىُّ النَّاسَ The Khárijee slays men (S, O, K, * TA) in any possible manner, and destroys whomsoever he can, (TA,) without inquiring respecting the condition of any one, (S, * O, K, TA,) Muslim or other, (S, O, TA,) and without caring whom he slays. (TA.) And وَاشْتَرِهِ مِمَّنْ ↓ اِعْتَرِضْهُ وَجَدْتَهُ وَلَا تَسْأَلْ عَمَّنْ عَمِلَهُ [Take thou it at random, or indiscriminately, and buy it of him whom thou findest, and ask not respecting him who made it]. (S, K.) And اِسْتَعْرَضَ يُعْطِى مَنْ أَقْبَلَ وَمَنْ

أَدْبَرَ [He acted indiscriminately, giving to him who advanced and to him who retired]. (S.) And اِسْتَعْرِضِ العَرَبَ Ask thou whom thou wilt of the Arabs respecting such and such things. (S.) You say also, of land (أَرْض) in which is herbage, يَسْتَعْرِضُهَا المَالُ and ↓ يَعْتَرِضُهَا [The camels, or the like,] depasture it [app. at random] when traversing it. (K.) عَرْضٌ Breadth; width; contr. of طُولٌ; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) and i. q. سَعَةٌ; (K;) the mutual distance of the edges or sides of a thing: (Msb:) primarily relating to corporeal things, but afterwards used in relation to other things: [see عَرِيضٌ:] (TA:) this word as signifying the contr. of طول is the common source of derivation of the other words of this art., not withstanding their multitude: (O:) pl. [of pauc.] أَعْرَاضٌ (IAar, TA) and of mult. عُرُوضٌ and عِرَاضٌ. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [lvii. 21, وَجَنَّةٍ عَرْضُهَا كَعَرْضِ السَّمَآءِ والأَرْضِ And a paradise whereof the breadth, or width, is like the breadth, or width, of the heaven and the earth: and in iii. 127,] عَرْضُهَا السَّمٰوَاتُ والأَرْضُ [the breadth, or width, whereof is as the heavens and the earth]: and Ibn-'Arafeh observes that when the عَرْض is described as being much, it indicates that the طُول is much, for the latter is more than the former. (O, TA.) You say also, عَرَضَ عَرْضَهُ, and ↓ عُرْضَهُ, He went towards him: [lit. towards his breadth, and his side.] (K.) And ذَهَبَ عَرْضًا وَطُولًا [He went wide and long]; (S, Msb, * K;) فِى الشَّىْءِ [in the thing]; (Msb;) and فِى المَكَارِمِ (tropical:) [in generous actions]. (TA.) And قَطَعَهُ عَرْضًا [He cut it breadthwise, or across, or crosswise]. (S in art. قط, &c.) And قَطَعَ الوَادِى عَرْضًا [He crossed the valley]; (S and K in art. جزع &c.;) and in like manner, الأَرْضَ [the land]. (K in that art.) And وَضَعَ العُودَ عَلَى الإِنَآءِ بِالعَرْضِ [He put the stick upon the vessel breadthwise, or across, or crosswise]; (Msb;) i. q. مَعْرُوضًا. (TA.) b2: [In geography, The latitude of a place.] b3: The middle, or midst, of a thing: or عَرْضُ الشَّىْءِ signifies the thing itself. (TA.) See also عُرْضً, former half, and in three places towards the end.

A2: A mountain; (S, K;) as also ↓ عَارِضٌ: (S, O, K:) or the former, the lowest part, or base, (سَفْح,) thereof; (S, K;) as also ↓ عُرْضٌ: (O, K:) and (so in the S, but in the K “ or ”) the side thereof; (S, K;) as also ↓ عُرْضٌ: (TA:) or the place whence, or whereby, (مِنْهُ,) a mountain is ascended: (K:) and ↓ عَارِضٌ, a lofty mountain: (TA:) pl. of the first, أَعْرَاضٌ and عُرُوضٌ. (S, TA.) A3: A collection of clouds: (K:) or a collection of clouds that obstructs the horizon: (S, K:) [see also عِرْضٌ and عَارِضٌ:] pl. عُرُوضٌ. (TA.) A4: (assumed tropical:) An army: (O, K:) or a great army: (S, TA:) and ↓ عِرْضٌ also has the former signification: (K:) or the latter: (TA:) so called as being likened to a mountain; or to the clouds that obstruct the horizon: (S, TA:) pl. أَعْرَاضٌ. (TA.) b2: جَرَادٌ عَرْضٌ (assumed tropical:) Numerous locusts; (S, O, K; *) likened to the clouds that obstruct the horizon; (TA;) as also ↓ عِرْضٌ: (K:) pl. of the former, عُرُوضٌ: (TA:) and ↓ عَارِضٌ also signifies a multitude of locusts; (S, O, TA;) and of bees: (TA:) as in the saying, مَرَّ بِنَا عَارِضٌ قَدْ مَلَأَ الأُفُقَ [There passed by us a multitude of locusts, or of bees, which had filled the horizon]: (S, O, TA:) so says Aboo-Nasr Ahmad Ibn-Hátim. (S, O.) A5: A valley. (IDrd, K.) See also عِرْضٌ.

A6: [As inf. n. of عَرَضَ, it occurs in the phrases عَرْضَ عَيْنٍ and عَرْضَ العَيْنِ: see عَرَضَ الجُنْدَ.] You say also, نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ عَرْضَ عَيْنٍ (Th, A) He looked at, or examined, him, or it, having him, or it, before his eye; i. q. اِعْتَرَضَهُ عَلَى عَيْنِهِ. (TA.) And رَأَيْتُهُ عَرْضَ عَيْنٍ I saw him, or it, obviously; nearly. (TA.) [See also an ex. voce عَيْنٌ.] b2: [يَوْمُ العَرْضِ is an appellation of The day of the last judgment.]

A7: A compensation; a substitute; a thing that is given or received or put instead of another thing: so, accord. to some, in the Kur iii. 127, quoted above: [but this is strange:] and so in the phrase عَرْضُ هٰذَا الثَّوْبِ كَذَا وَكَذَا [The compensation, or substitute, for this garment, or piece of cloth, is such a thing, and such a thing: but not necessarily; for عرض in this phrase may have the meaning first assigned to it above]. (TA.) See also what next follows. b2: A commodity; or commodities, or goods; syn. مَتَاعٌ; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عَرَضٌ; accord. to Kz; (K;) which is the contr. of عَيْنٌ: (Mgh:) and the former, anything except silver and gold money, or dirhems and deenárs, (S, Msb, K,) which are termed عَيْنٌ: (S, Msb:) or any worldly goods or commodities except silver and gold money: (Mgh, * O, TA:) but ↓ عَرَضٌ, which see below, has a more comprehensive signification; everything that is termed عَرْضٌ being included in عَرَضٌ, whereas everything that is termed عَرَضٌ is not عَرْضٌ: (TA:) the pl. of عَرْضٌ is عُرُوضٌ, (Msb,) which A'Obeyd explains as signifying the commodities, or goods, whereof none are meted in a measure nor weighed, and which are not animals, and do not consist in عَقَار [or immoveable property]. (S, O, Msb.) You say, اِشْتَرَيْتُ المَتَاعَ بِعَرْضٍ I bought the commodity for a commodity like it. (S, O.) A8: جَعَلَ الشَّىْءَ عَرْضًا لِلشَّىْءِ, or عَرَضًا, accord. to different copies of the K: see 2, in the latter half of the paragraph.

A9: سَأَلْتُهُ عَرْضَ مَالٍ: see عُرَاضَةٌ.

A10: عَرْضٌ also signifies Madness; insanity; or possession by jinn, or by a jinnee. (K, TA.) [See 1, last sentence.]

A11: مَضَى عَرْضٌ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ An hour, or a portion, of the night passed; syn. سَاعَةٌ. (K, * TA.) A12: See also عَرْضٌ, with the unpointed ص.

عُرْضٌ A side; a lateral, or an outward, part, or portion; syn. جَانِبٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and نَاحِيَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) from whatever direction one comes to it, (S, O,) and شِقٌّ: (S, Mgh:) and so ↓ عِرْضٌ; syn. نَاحِيَةٌ; of anything: (TA:) and ↓ عَارِضٌ, or ↓ عَارِضَةٌ, (accord. to different copies of the K,) or both; (TA;) syn. نَاحِيَةٌ: (K, TA:) and ↓ عَرُوضٌ; syn. عَارِضَةٌ: (S, A, O, K:) and ↓ عِرَاضٌ; syn. نَاحِيَةٌ, and شِقٌّ: (S, O, K:) [or] this last is pl. of عَرْضٌ; (Sgh, K;) or, accord. to the M, of عَرْضٌ as signifying the contr. of طُولٌ: and أَعْرَاضٌ is pl. [or is another pl.] of عُرْضٌ; and is also pl. of عِرْضٌ in the sense expl. above. (TA.) You say, عُرْضُ السَّيْفِ The side, or flat, (صَفْح,) of the sword. (K.) And عُرْضُ العُنُقِ The two sides of the neck: (K:) or each side of the neck. (TA.) [See also عَارِضٌ.] And عُرْضَا أَنْفِ البَعِيرِ The beginning of the part of the bone of the camel's nose which slopes downwards, in both its edges. (Az, TA.) And نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ بِعُرْضِ وَجْهِهِ He looked at him with the side of his face [turned towards him]. (S, O.) And نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ عَنْ عُرْضٍ and ↓ عُرُضٍ He looked at him from one side. (S, O, K. *) And خَرَجُوا يَضْرِبُونَ عَنْ عُرْضٍ (S, O, K *) They went forth smiting the people from one side, in whatever manner suited, (S, O,) not caring whom they smote. (S, O, K.) And اِضْرِبْ بِهِ عُرْضَ الحَائِطِ Strike thou with it indiscriminately any part that thou findest of the wall: (S, O, Msb, TA:) or the side thereof. (TA.) and أَلْقِهِ فِى أَىِّ أَعْرَاضِ الدَّارِ شِئْتَ Throw thou it in any side, or quarter, of the house which thou wilt. (TA.) And خُذْهُ مِنْ عُرْضِ النَّاسِ, and ↓ عَرْضِهِمْ, Take thou him from any side of the people which thou wilt. (TA.) And أَوْصَى أَنْ يُنْفِقَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ عُرْضِ مَالِهِ He enjoined that he should expend upon him, or it, of any part of his property indiscriminately. (Mgh.) And فُلَانٌ مِنْ عُرْضِ العَشِيرَةِ Such a one is of the collateral class of the kinsfolk, or tribe; not of the main stock thereof. (Mgh.) And عَرَضَ عُرْضَهَ, He went towards him: [lit. towards his side.] (K.) See also عَرْضٌ, near the beginning. And مِنَ الطَّرِيقِ ↓ أَخَذَ فِى عَرُوضٍ (S, * K) He took to one side of the way. (S, * TA.) And سِوَى هٰذِهِ ↓ خُذْ فِى عَرُوضٍ Take thou to a side other than this. (A.) And أَخَذَ مَا تُعْجِبُنِى ↓ فُلَانٌ فِى عَرُوضٍ (S, A) Such a one took to a way and side not pleasing to me. (S.) [عَرُوضٌ, it will be observed, is fem.] And سِرْتُ

↓ فِى عِرَاضِهِ I went along over against him. (A.) And القَوْمِ ↓ سِرْنَا فِى عِرَاضِ We went along not facing the people, or company of men, but coming to them from their side. (TA.) And Aboo-Dhueyb says, أَمِنْكِ بَرْقٌ أَبِيتُ اللَّيْلَ أَرْقُبُهُ الشَّامِ مِصْبَاحُ ↓ كَأَنَّهُ فِى عِرَاضِ (S, * TA,) i. e. [Is there lightning proceeding from thee, which I pass the night watching, as though it were a lamp] in the side, or region, of Syria? (S.) b2: See also عَرْضٌ, as signifying the “ lowest part, or base, of a mountain; ” and the “ side thereof. ” [And see شَفَقٌ, last sentence but one.]

b3: The middle, or midst, of a river or rivulet or the like, (O, K,) and of the sea, (K,) and of men or people, and of a story or tradition; and ↓ عَرْضٌ signifies the same, of men or people, &c.: (TA:) and the former, the main part of men or people; as also ↓ the latter; and of a story or tradition; (K;) as also ↓ عِرَاضٌ, (TA, and so in some copies of the K,) and ↓ عُرَاضٌ. (TA, and so in some copies of the K.) You say, رَأَيْتُهُ فِى عُرْضِ النَّاسِ I saw him among the people: (S, O:) and some of the Arabs say, النَّاسِ ↓ رَأَيْتُهُ فِى عَرْضِ, meaning فِى عُرْضٍ; (Yoo, S, O, TA;) or meaning I saw him in the midst of the people; (TA;) or, as also النَّاسِ ↓ فِى عُرُضِ, in the middle portions of the people; or, as some say, in the surrounding portions of the people. (Msb.) And فُلَانٌ مِنْ عُرْضِ النَّاسِ Such a one is of the common people, or vulgar. (S, K. *) b4: كُلِ الجُبْنَ عُرْضًا [Eat thou cheese indiscriminately; or] take thou cheese at random, or indiscriminately, and buy it of him whom thou findest, not asking respecting him who made it, (As, S, O, K,) whether it be of the making of the people of the Scriptures, or of the making of the Magians. (As, S, O.) A2: نَاقَةٌ عُرْضُ أَسْفَارٍ: and عُرْضُ هٰذَا البَعِيرِ السَّفَرُ وَالحَجَرُ: see عُرْضَةٌ, last two sentences but one.

A3: أَعْرَاضُ الكَلَامِ: see مِعْرَاضٌ. [But whether اعراض in this phrase be pl. of عُرْضٌ, or whether it have any sing., I know not.] b2: See also عُرُضٌ.

عِرْضٌ: see عُرْضٌ, first signification. b2: Also The side of a valley, and of a بَلَد [i. e. country or the like, or town or the like]: (K: [in the CK, بلد is in the nom. case, which I think a mistake:]) or (as some say, TA) a part, region, quarter, or tract, (K, TA,) and the low ground or land, (TA,) of, or pertaining to, either of these: (K, TA:) pl. أَعْرَاضٌ. (TA.) b3: A valley in which are towns, or villages, and waters: (O, K:) or in which are palm-trees: (K:) or a valley containing many palms and other trees: (TA:) or any valley in which are trees: (S, O:) [see also عَرْضٌ, explained as applied to a valley:] pl. as above, (S,) and عُرْضَانٌ. (TA.) b4: أَعْراضُ الحِجَازِ The towns, or villages, of El-Hijáz: (K:) or these, (TA,) or the أَعْرَاض, (S, O,) are certain towns, or villages, [with their territories; i. e. certain provinces, or districts;] between El-Hijáz and El-Yemen: (S, O, TA:) and some say that أَعْرَاضُ المَدِينَةِ is applied to the towns, or villages, that are in the valleys of El-Medeeneh: (TA:) or the low lands of its towns, or villages, where are seed-produce and palm-trees: so says Sh: (O, TA:) the sing. is عِرْضٌ. (K.) b5: And عِرْضٌ, (S, O,) or أَعْرَاضٌ, (K,) which is its pl., (TA,) signifies [The trees called] أَرَاك (S, O, K) and أَثْل (S, O) and حَمْض. (S, O, K.) A2: Also A great cloud, (K, TA,) appearing, or presenting itself, or intervening, (يَعْتَرِضُ,) in the horizon. (TA.) [See عَرْضٌ and عَارِضٌ, which signify nearly the same.]

A3: I. q. عَرْضٌ, q. v., as signifying (assumed tropical:) An army: (K:) or a great army: (TA:) b2: and as signifying (assumed tropical:) Numerous locusts. (K.) A4: One's self; syn. نَفْسٌ; (S, O, Msb, K;) i. e. نَفْسُ رَجُلٍ. (IKt.) You say, أَكْرَمْتُ عَنْهُ عِرْضِى I preserved myself from it. (S, O.) and فُلَانٌ نَقِىُّ العِرْضِ Such a one is [pure in respect of himself; or] free from reproach; (S, O;) or from fault, or vice, or the like. (S, Msb.) and in the same sense it occurs in the saying of Abu-d-Dardà, أَقْرِضْ مِنْ عِرْضِكَ لِيَوْمِ فَقْرِكَ [Lend thou from thyself for the day of thy poverty: but see art. قرض]: and in other instances. (TA.) b2: The body; syn. جَسَدٌ, (IAar, S, O, K,) or بَدَنٌ: (IKt, Az:) pl. أَعْرَاضٌ. (Az, S.) So in the description of the people of Paradise, (Az, S,) in a trad., (Az,) إِنَّمَا هُوَ عَرَقٌ يَجْرِى مِنْ أَعْرَاضِهِمْ [It is only sweat which flows from their bodies]. (Az, S, O.) b3: The skin. (Ibráheem El-Harbee, O, K.) b4: Any place of the body that sweats: (O, K:) so in the trad. cited above: (TA:) or any part of the body such as the arm-pit and the groin and the like. (A'Obeyd.) b5: The odour of the body, (S, O, K,) and of other things, (S, O,) whether sweet or foul. (S, O, K.) You say, فُلَانٌ طَيِّبُ العِرْضِ [Such a one is sweet in respect of odour], and مُنْتِنُ العِرْضِ [foul in respect of odour]; and سِقَآءٌ خَبِيثُ العِرْضِ a stinking water-skin, or milk-skin; from A'Obeyd. (S, O.) b6: A man's honour, or reputation, (جَانِبُهُ,) which he preserves from impairment and blame, both as it relates to himself and to his حَسَب [or grounds of pretension to respect on account of the honourable deeds or qualities of his ancestors, &c.]: (IAth, O, K:) or whether it relate to himself or to his ancestors or to those of whose affairs the management is incumbent on him: (K:) or a subject of praise, and of blame, of a man, (Abu-l-'Abbás, IAth, O, K,) whether it be in himself or in his ancestors or in those of whose affairs the management is incumbent on him: (IAth:) or those things by the mention whereof with praise or dispraise a man rises or falls; which may be things whereby he is characterized exclusively of his ancestors; and it may be that his ancestors are mentioned in such a manner that imperfection shall attach to him by reason of the blaming of them. respecting this there is no disagreement among the lexicologists, except IKt [whose objection see in what follows]: (Abu-l-'Abbás, O:) or (accord. to some, S) grounds of pretension to respect on account of the honourable deeds or qualities of one's ancestors, &c., (حَسَبٌ, S, Msb, K,) and eminence, or nobility, (شَرَفٌ,) in which one glories. (K.) You say, فُلَانٌ كَرِيمُ العِرْضِ Such a one is generous, or noble, in respect of حَسَب: and هُوَ ذُو عِرْضٍ he is a possessor of حَسَب; and of شَرَف. (TA.) b7: Sometimes, Ancestors are meant by it. (A'Obeyd, K.) Thus you say, شَتَمَ فُلَانٌ عِرْضَ فُلَانٍ, meaning Such a one spoke evil of the ancestors of such a one. (A'Obeyd.) And فُلَانٌ جَرِبُ العِرْضِ Such a one is base, or ignoble, in respect of ancestry. (TA.) IKt disallows this signification, asserting عِرْضٌ to have no other signification than those of a man's نَفْس and his بَدَن: (O, * TA:) but I Amb says that this is an error; as is shown by the saying of Aboo-Miskeen Ed-Dárimee, رُبَّ مَهْزُولٍ سَمِينٌ عِرْضُهُ وَسَمِينِ الجِسْمِ مَهْزُولُ الحَسَبْ

in which عِرْض cannot be syn. with بَدَن and جِسْم, for, were it so, it would involve a contradiction; the meaning being only Many a person meagre in respect of his body is noble [or great] in respect of his ancestry; [and fat in respect of the body, meagre in respect of grounds of pretension to honour on account of the honourable deeds or qualities of his ancestors, &c.:] and by Mohammad's using the expression دَمُهُ وَعِرْضُهُ; for if عِرْض were [here] syn. with نَفْس, it had sufficed to say دمه without عرضه. (O, TA.) b8: Also A natural disposition that is commended. (IAth, K.) b9: And A good action. (TA.) A5: Also One who speaks evil of men (يَعْتَرِضُهُمْ) falsely; (O, K;) applied to a man: and so with عِرْضَنٌ applied to a woman: (O, K: *) so too ↓ ة applied to a man, and with عَرْضَنٌ to a woman. (TA.) عَرَضٌ A thing that happens to, befalls, or occurs to, a man; such as disease, and the like; (S, O, K;) as disquietude of mind, and a state of distraction of the mind or attention: or a misfortune, such as death, and disease, and the like: (TA:) or an event that happens to a man, whereby he is tried: (As:) or a thing that happens to a man, whereby he is impeded; such as disease, or a theft: (Lh:) or a bane, or cause of mischief, that occurs in a thing; as also ↓ عَارِضٌ: (TA:) [both signify also an accident of any kind:] pl. أَعْرَاضٌ. (TA.) b2: A thing's befalling, or hitting, unexpectedly. (O, K. [I follow the reading of the O, which is that of the K as given in the TA, and of my MS. copy of the K, أَنْ يُصِيبَ الشَّىْءُ عَلَى غِرَّةٍ; in preference to that in the CK, أَنْ تُصِيبَ الشَّىْءَ عَلَى غِرَّةٍ.]) You say, أَصَابَهُ سَهْمُ عَرَضٍ (S, A, O, K *) and سَهْمٌ عَرَضٌ, (A, TA,) and حَجَرُ عَرَضٍ (S, O) and حَجَرٌ عَرَضٌ, (TA,) [A random arrow, and a random stone, or] an arrow, and a stone, aimed at another, hit him: (S, O, K:) such as hits, or falls upon, a man without any one's shooting it, or casting it, is not thus termed. (L.) And مَا جَآءَكَ مِنَ الرَّأْىِ عَرَضًا خَيْرٌ مِمَّا جَآءَكَ مُسْتَكْرَهًا, i. e. [The opinion] that comes to thee without consideration, or thought, [is better than that which comes to thee forced.] (TA.) And عُلِّقْتُهَا عَرَضًا I became attached to her (S, O, K) accidentally, or unintentionally, (S, O,) in consequence of her presenting herself to me (ISk, S, O, K) as a thing occurring without my seeking it. (ISk.) [See an ex., in a verse of Antarah, cited in the first paragraph of art. زعم; and another, in a verse of El-Aashà, cited in the first paragraph of art. علق.] b3: A thing that is not permanent: (Mgh, O, B, K.) so in the conventional language of the Muslim theologians: (Mgh:) opposed to جَوْهَرٌ: (TA:) or hence metaphorically applied by the Muslim theologians to (tropical:) a thing that has not permanence unless in, or by, the substance; [i. e., in the language of old logicians, an accident; an essential, and an accidental (as meaning a non-essential), property, or quality; or what modern logicians call a mode; whether it be, in their language, an essential mode or an accidental mode; which latter only they term “ an accident; ”] as colour, and taste: (B:) or, in the conventional language of the Muslim theologians (المُتَكَلِّمُون [expl. in the TA as signifying “ the philosophers,” from whom, however, they are generally distinguished]), a thing that subsists in, or by, another thing; (O, K;) as colours, and tastes, and smells, and sounds, and powers, and wills: (O: [and the like is said in the Msb:]) or, in philosophy, a thing that exists in its subject, or substance, and ceases therefrom without the latter's becoming impaired or annihilated; and also such as does not cease therefrom: the former kind being such as tawniness occasioned by an altered state of the body, and yellowness of complexion, and motion of a thing moving; and the latter kind, such as the blackness of pitch, and of [the beads called] سَبَج, and of the crow. (L.) b4: [Hence, An appertenance of any kind. b5: Hence also,] The frail goods (حُطَام) of the present world or state; (As, O, K;) and what a man acquires thereof: (As, O:) [so called as being not permanent:] or worldly goods or commodities, (AO, Msb,) of whatever kind, are thus called, with fet-h to the ر: (AO:) and any property or wealth, little or much, (S, O, K,) is thus called, (K,) or is called عَرَضُ الدُّنْيَا. (S, O.) See also عَرْضٌ, expl. as signifying “ a commodity,” or “ commodities ” or “ goods. ” One says, الدُّنْيَا عَرَضٌ حَاضِرٌ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهَا البَرُّ وَالفَاجِرُ [The world is a present frail good: the righteous and the unrighteous eat thereof]: (S, O, TA:) i. e. it has no permanence: a trad. related by Sheddád Ibn-Ows. (TA.) And in another trad. related by the same, it is said, لَيْسَ الغِنَى عَنْ كَثْرَةِ العَرَضِ

إِنَّمَا الغِنَى غِنَى النَّفْسِ [Richness is not from the abundance of worldly goods: richness is only richness of the soul]. (O, TA.) One says also, قَدْ فَاتَهُ العَرَضُ, (Yoo, S, L,) and ↓ العَرْضُ, but the former is the more approved, (L,) [The property, &c., (but see another meaning below,) had escaped him], which is from عَرْضُ الجُنْدِ, [see عَرَضَ,] like as one says قَبَضَ قَبْضًا and قَدْ أَلْقَاهُ فِى القَبَضِ: (Yoo, S:) [which seems to indicate that عَرَضٌ properly signifies مَعْرُوضٌ, like as قَبَضٌ signifies مَقْبُوضٌ.] b6: Booty; spoil. (O, K.) So in the Kur ix. 42: (O:) or it there signifies b7: i. q. مَطْلَبٌ [app. meaning A thing sought, or desired; and object of desire; rather than a place where a thing is sought]. (TA.) b8: I. q. طَمَعٌ [app. meaning A thing that is eagerly desired, or coveted: and also eager desire; or covetousness]. (AO, O, K.) So explained by some as occurring in the saying قَدْ فَاتَهُ العَرَضُ, mentioned above. (TA.) And the following verse is also cited as an ex., مَنْ كَانَ يَرْجُو بَقَآءً لَا نَفَادَ لَهُ فَلَا يَكُنْ عَرَضُ الدُّنْيَا لَهُ شَجَنَا

[Whoso hopeth for continuance without cessation, let not the eager desire of worldly goods be to him a cause of anxiety]. (O, TA.) b9: A gift. (TA.) See also عُرَاضَةٌ. b10: هُوَ عَلَى عَرَضِ الوُجُودِ signifies عَلَى إِمْكَانِهِ [app. meaning It is in the condition of possibility of existence; for على seems to be here used in the sense of فِى, as in some other instances]; from أَعْرَضَ لَهُ meaning “ it became within his power,” &c. (Mgh.) And one says, هُوَ بِعَرَضٍ

أَنْ يَضِيعَ [He is exposed, or liable, to perish]. (Mgh voce ضَيَاعٌ.) b11: جَعَلَ الشَّىْءَ عَرَضًا لِلشَّىْءِ, or عَرْضًا, accord. to different copies of the K: see 2, in the latter half of the paragraph, in two places.

عُرُضٌ, (L, TA,) in the K, erroneously, ↓ عُرْضٌ, (TA,) A certain manner of going along, (K, TA,) towards one side, (TA,) approved in horses, but disapproved in camels. (K, TA.) b2: نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ عَنْ عُرُضٍ: b3: and رَأَيْتُهُ فِى عُرُضِ النَّاسِ: see عُرْضٌ.

عُرْضَةٌ is of the measure فُعْلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعولٌ, like قُبْضَةٌ; (Bd, ii. 224;) and is applied to A thing that is set as an obstacle in the way of a thing: (Bd, TA:) and also to a thing that is exposed to a thing: (Bd:) or that is set as a butt, like the butt of archers. (TA.) You say, جَعَلْتُ فُلَانًا عُرْضَةً لِكَذَا, meaning نَصَبْتُهُ لَهُ; (S, O, K; *) i. e. I set such a one as an obstacle to such a thing: or as a butt for such a thing. (TA.) And هُوَ لَهُ دُونَهُ عُرْضَةٌ He is an obstacle to him intervening in the way of it. (S, O.) And فُلَانٌ عُرْضَةٌ لِلنَّاسِ Such a one is [a butt to men; i. e.] a person whom men cease not to revile: (S, O, Msb, K:) or a person to whom men address themselves to do evil, and whom they revile. (Az, TA.) And هُمْ ضُعَفَآءُ عُرْضَةٌ لِكُلِّ مُتَنَاوِلٍ

They are weak persons; persons who offer themselves as a prey to any one who would take them. (TA.) And it is said in the Kur [ii. 224], وَلَا تَجْعَلُوا اللّٰهُ عُرْضَةً لِأَيْمَانِكُمْ أَنْ تَبَرُّوا وَتَتَّقُوا وَتُصْلِحُوا بَيْنَ النَّاسِ, (S, * &c.,) meaning نَصْبًا; (S, TA;) admitting the two significations of an obstacle and a butt: (TA:) i. e. And make not God an obstacle between you and that which may bring you near unto God, &c.: (O, K:) or make not God an obstacle to the performance of your oaths to be pious (O, Bd) and to fear God and to make reconciliation between men: or make not God an obstacle, because of your oaths, to your being pious &c.: (Bd:) or make not the swearing by God an obstacle to your being pious [&c.]: (Fr:) and Zj says the like of this: (L:) or عُرْضَةٌ signifies intervention with respect to good and evil; (Abu-l- 'Abbás, O, K;) and the meaning is, do not intervene by swearing by God every little while so as not to be pious &c.: (O, K, * TA:) or make not God an object of your oaths, by ordinary and frequent swearing by Him, (Bd,) or a butt for your oaths, like the butt of archers, (TA,) in order that ye may be pious &c.; for the habitual swearer emboldens himself against God, and is not pious &c.: (Bd:) or, as some say, the meaning is make not the mention of God a means of strengthening your oaths. (TA.) You say also, هٰذَا عُرْضَةٌ لَكَ as meaning This is a thing prepared for thy common, or ordinary, use. (O, TA.) b2: A purpose; an intention; or an object of desire, or of endeavour; [as though it were a butt;] syn. هِمَّةٌ. (S, O, K.) Hassán says, (S, O,) i. e. Ibn-Thábit, (O, TA,) وَقَالَ اللّٰهُ قَدْ يَسَّرْتُ جُنْدًا هُمُ الأَنْصَارُ عُرْضَتُهَا اللِّقَآءُ [And God said I have prepared an army: they are the Ansár; whose purpose, or the object of whose desire, is conflict with the unbelievers]. (S, O, TA. [In one copy of the S, in the place of يَسَّرْتُ, I find أَعْدَدْتُ, which signifies the same.]) b3: A pretext; an excuse. (MA.) b4: One says also, فُلَانٌ عُرْضَةُ ذَاكَ, (S, O,) or عُرْضَةٌ لِذَاكَ, (S, O, K,) Such a one is possessed of the requisite ability and strength for that: (S, O, K:) and عُرْضَةٌ لِلشَّرِّ possessed of strength to do evil, or mischief: and in like manner عُرْضَةٌ is applied to two things, and to more. (TA.) And فُلَانَةُ عُرْضَةٌ لِلزَّوْجِ (S, O, K) Such a female is possessed of sufficient strength for the husband; [i. e., to be married;] (TA;) or لِلنِّكَاحِ for marriage. (A.) And نَاقَةٌ عُرْضَةٌ لِلْحِجَارَةِ A she-camel having strength enough for [going upon] the stones. (S, O, K.) And [in like manner] أَسْفَارٍ ↓ نَاقَةٌ عُرْضُ A she-camel having strength sufficient for journeys. (S, O, K. *) and هٰذَا البَعِيرِ السَّفَرُ وَالحَجَرُ ↓ عُرْضُ (S, O, K) The strength of this camel is sufficient for journeying and for going over stone. (IB.) A2: عُرْضَةٌ also signifies A kind of trick, or artifice, in wrestling, (S, O, K,) by which one throws down men. (S, O.) عَرْضِىٌّ [in the CK عَرْضٰى] A kind of cloths or garments. (S, O, K.) b2: And Certain of the appertenances (مَرَافِق, O, K) and chambers (O) of the house: a word of the dial. of El-'Irák: (O, K:) unknown to the Arabs. (O.) عُرْضِىٌّ A camel that goes obliquely, or inclining towards one side, because not yet completely trained: (S, O, K:) or submissive in the middle part [or body, so as to be easy to ride, but] difficult of management: and perverse, untoward, or intractable: and with ة, a she-camel not completely trained: (TA:) or difficult to manage; refractory. (S, O, K.) See also عَرُوضٌ. b2: One who does not sit steadily, or firmly, upon the saddle; (IAar, O, K;) inclining at one time this way, and at another time that way. (IAar, O.) يَمْشِى بِالعَرْضِيَّةِ, and ↓ بِالعُرْضِيَّةِ, the latter from Lh, He goes sideways. (TA.) عُرْضِيَّةٌ: see what next precedes. Refractoriness, and a random or heedless manner of going, by reason of pride: in a horse, the going sideways: and in a she-camel, the state of being untrained: (TA:) and in a man, [so expressly shown in the S and TA; but in the CK, قِيلَ is erroneously put for فِيكَ;] what resembles roughness, ungentleness, or awkwardness; want of due care, by reason of haste; (syn. عَجْرَفِيَّةٌ;) and pride; and refractoriness. (Az, S, O, K.) A2: [See also عَرْضِىٌّ.]

عِرَضَّى, with fet-h to the ر; (O;) or عِرِضَّى, like زِمِكَّى; (K;) Briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness. (IAar, O, K. [See also عِرَضْنَةٌ.]) b2: and [app. for ذُو عِرَضَّى] meaning also Brisk, lively, or sprightly. (TA. [See, again, عِرَضْنَةٌ.]) عِرْضَنٌ; fem. with ة: see عِرْضٌ, last sentence.

عِرَضْنَةٌ An oblique course or motion: (A'Obeyd, L, TA:) and briskness, liveliness, sprightliness: and عِرِضْنَةٌ signifies the same. (TA. [See also عِرَِضَّى.]) One says, يَمْشِى العِرَضْنَةَ and ↓ العِرَضْنَى He goes along with a proud gait, (S, O, K,) inclining towards one side, (S, O,) by reason of his briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness. (S, O, K.) And ↓ تَعْدُو العِرَضْنَى and العِرَضْنَةَ and العِرَضْنَاةَ [perhaps correctly العِرَضْنَاتَ] She (a mare) runs in a sidelong manner, one time in one direction and another time in another. (O, TA.) and يَعْدُو العِرَضْنَةَ He (a man) runs so that he outstrips. (L, TA.) And نَظَرْتُ إِلَى فُلَانٍ عِرَضْنَةً I looked towards such a one from the outer angle of my eye. (S, O, K. *) The dim. of ↓ عِرَضْنَى is ↓ عُرَيْضِنٌ; the ن being retained because it is a letter of quasi-coordination, and the ى suppressed because it is not such. (S, O.) b2: Also, [app. for ذَاتُ عِرَضْنَةٍ,] A she-camel that goes along obliquely, (S, O, K,) by reason of briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness: pl. عِرَضْنَاتٌ. (S, O. [See, again, عِرَضَّى.] But A'Obeyd disallows the application of this epithet to a she-camel. (TA in art. عرضن.) b3: And A woman that has become broad by reason of her fatness and plumpness. (TA.) عِرَضْنى: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

عُرَاضٌ: see عَرِيضٌ, in four places: A2: see also عُرْضٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

عِرَاضٌ: see عُرْضٌ, in the first sentence, and again, in four places, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: أَخَذَ فِى عِرَاضِ كَلَامِهِ He began to say the like of that which he [another] had said: or, as in the O, he matched him, and equalled him, by saying the like of what he had said. (TA.) [See also عَرُوضٌ.] b3: Also A certain brand; (S, O, K;) or, (K,) accord. to Yaakoob, (S, O,) a line upon the thigh of a camel, crosswise; (S, O, K;) or upon the neck, crosswise. (Ibn-Er-Rummánee, TA.) b4: And An iron with which the feet of a camel are marked in order that his foot-prints may be known. (O, K.) عَرُوضٌ: see عُرْضٌ, first sentence, and three of the examples which follow it, near the middle of the paragraph: b2: see also عَارِضٌ, in the sentence commencing with “ The side of the cheek. ”

b3: Also A road in a mountain: (S:) or in the side, or lowest part, (عُرْض,) of a mountain, (O, K,) or, as some say, a part thereof lying across, or obliquely, (مَا اعْتَرَضَ مِنْهُ, TA,) in a narrow place: (O, K:) and a road down a descent, or declivity: (TA:) or [simply] a road: (Ham p. 346:) pl. عُرُضٌ (TA) and أَعَارِيضُ. (Ham ubi suprà.) Hence the phrase in a trad. of Aboo-Hureyreh, فَأَخَذَ فِى عَرُوضٍ آخَرَ (assumed tropical:) And he took another way of speech. (TA.) b4: The place that is over against one, or on the opposite side to one, as he goes along. (S, O, K.) A2: A she-camel that takes to a side, or tract, different from that which her rider would traverse; for which reason this epithet is applied to her: (O:) or that goes to the right and left, and does not keep to the road: (IAth:) or that has not been trained: (S, O, K:) or that has received some training, but is not thoroughly trained: (ISk:) or such as is termed ↓ عُرْضِيَّة, stubborn in the head, but submissive in her middle part; that is loaded; and then the other loaded camels are driven on; and if a man ride her, she goes straight forward, and her rider has not the power of exercising his own free will [in managing her]. (Sh.) To such a camel, 'Omar likened a class of his subjects. (TA.) And 'Amr Ibn-Ahmar El-Báhilee says, أُخِبُّ ذَلُولًا أَوْ عَرُوضًا أَرُوضُهَا [I make a submissive one to go the pace termed خَبَب, or an untrained one I train]; meaning that he recites two poems; one of which he has made easy, and the other whereof is difficult: J gives a different reading, أُسِيرُ عَسِيرًا, meaning أُسَيِّرُ; with the same explanation that is given above, of the former reading. (IB, O.) b2: A camel, (S, O, TA,) in the K, erroneously, a sheep or goat, (TA,) that eats the thorns (S, O, K, TA) when herbage is unattainable by him. (S, O.) b3: And i. q. عَتُودٌ [A yearling goat, &c.]. (TA [See also عَرِيضٌ.]) A3: Also i. q. كَثِيرٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) [as meaning A large quantity or number] of a thing [or of things], (K.) [or large in number,] as in the phrase حَىٌّ عَرُوضٌ [A tribe large in number]. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) A4: and Clouds; syn. سَحَابٌ; (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K;) and غَيْمٌ. (K.) A5: And Food. (Fr, O, K.) A6: عَرُوضُ كَلَامٍ The meaning, or intended sense, of speech; syn. فَحْوَاهُ, (ISk, S, O, K,) and مَعْنَاهُ: (ISk, S, O:) as also كَلَامٍ ↓ مِعْرَاضُ, (K,) of which the pl. is مَعَارِيضُ and مَعَارِضُ. (TA.) One says عَرَفْتُ ذَٰلِكَ فِى عَرُوضِ كَلَامِهِ [I knew that in the intended sense of his speech]; (ISk, S, O;) and كَلَامِهِ ↓ فِى مِعْرَاضِ; (A, O;) and in like manner, مَعَارِضِ كَلَامِهِ: (L, TA:) and عَرَفْتُهُ فِى

كَلَامِهِ ↓ مِعْرَاضِ and فى لَحْنِ كلام and فى نَحْوِ كلامه signify the same. (Msb.) [See also مِعْرَاضٌ.]

A7: هٰذِهِ المَسْأَلَة عَرُوضُ هٰذِهِ This question is the like of this. (TA.) [See also عِرَاضٌ.]

A8: عَرُوضٌ also signifies The transverse pole or piece of wood (عَارضَة) which is in the middle of a tent, and which is its main support. (Aboo-Is-hák.) b2: And hence, (Aboo-Is-hák,) The middle portion [or foot] of a verse; (Aboo-Is-hák, O;) for the بَيْت of poetry is constructed after the manner of the بَيْت inhabited by the Arabs, which is of pieces of cloth; and as the عروض of the latter is the strongest part, so should that of the former be; and accordingly we see that a deficiency in the ضَرْب is more frequent than it is in the عروض: (Aboo-Is-hák:) the last foot of the first half or hemistich (S, K) of a verse; (S;) whether perfect or altered: (K:) some make it to be the طَرَائِق of poetry, and its عَمُود: (TA:) [i. e. they liken it to these parts of the tents:] it is fem.: (K:) or sometimes masc.: (L:) the pl. is أَعَارِيضُ; (S, O, K;) contr. to rule, as though pl. of إِعْرِيضٌ; and one may use as its pl. أَعَارِضُ. (S, O.) b3: Also [The science of prosody, or versification;] the science of the rules whereby the perfect measures of Arabic verse are known from those which are broken; (Msb;) the standard whereby verse is measured: (S, O, K:) because it is compared (يُعَارَضُ) therewith: (S, O:) or because what is correct in measure is thereby distinguished from what is broken: (K: [in which some other reasons are added, too futile, in my opinion, to deserve mention: I think it more probable that عروض is used by a synecdoche for شِعْرٌ, as being the most essential part thereof; and then, elliptically, for عِلْمُ العَرُوضِ, which is the more common term for the science:]) it is fem.; and has no pl., because it is a gen. n. (S, O.) A9: See also عَارِضَةٌ; second and two following sentences.

A10: العَرُوضُ is a name of Mekkeh and El-Medeeneh, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) and El-Yemen, (Msb, TA,) with what is around them. (S, O, K, TA.) عُرُوضٌ [thus app., but written without any vowel-sign to the ع,] The quality, in a she-camel, of being untrained. (L, TA. [See عَرُوضٌ, near the beginning.]) عَرِيضٌ Broad, or wide; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K; *) as also ↓ عُرَاضٌ; (S, O, K;) like as one says كَبِيرٌ and كُبَارٌ: (S, O:) fem. of the former, (S, Msb,) and of the latter, (S, K,) with ة: (S, Msb, K:) the pl. of عَرِيضٌ is عِرَاضٌ, like as كِرَامٌ is pl. of كَرِيمٌ. (Msb.) You say, عُرَاضَةٌ and ↓ عُرَاضَةٌ [A broad, or wide, bow]. (S.) and ↓ عُرَاضَاتٌ, (TA,) or أَثَرًا ↓ عُرَاضَاتٌ, in which the latter word is in the accus. case as a specificative, (S, O, TA,) meaning Camels whose foot-marks are broad. (S, O, TA.) And فُلَانٌ عَرِيضُ البِطَانِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is rich; or in a state of competence: (A, TA:) or possessed of much property. (S, * O, K, * TA. [See also art. بطن.]) And عَرِيضُ القَفَا (tropical:) Fat: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) stupid. (Mgh.) and عَرِيضُ الوِسَادِ (tropical:) Sleepy: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) stupid, dull, or wanting in intelligence. (Msb in art. وسد.) دُعَآءٌ عَرِيضٌ, occurring in the Kur [xli. 51], means (assumed tropical:) Large, or much, prayer, or supplication: (K, * TA:) or in this instance we may say long. (L.) A2: Also A goat (As, O, K) that is a year old, (K,) or about a year old, (As, O,) and that takes [or crops] of the herbage (As, O, K) and trees [or shrubs] (As, O) with the side of his mouth: (K:) or (O, K) such as is termed عَتُود [q. v.], (S, O,) when he rattles, and desires copulation: (S, O, K:) or a [young] goat above such as is weaned and below such as is termed جَذَع [q. v.]: or such as has pastured and become strong: or such as is termed جَذَع: or a young goat when he leaps the female: it is applied only to a male: the female is termed عَرِيضَةٌ: with the people of El-Hijáz it means peculiarly such as is gelded: it is also applied to a gazelle that has nearly become a ثَنِىّ [q. v.]: (TA:) pl. عِرْضَانٌ and عُرْضَانٌ. (S, O, K.) عُرَاضَةٌ A present: what is brought to one's family: (S, O, K:) called in Persian رَاه آوَرْد: (S:) a present which a man gives when he returns from his journey: (TA:) such as a man gives to his children when he returns from a journey: (Sgh, TA:) and what is given as food by the bringer, or purveyor, of wheat, or corn, of the said wheat, or corn: (S, O, K:) what a person riding gives as food to any one of the owners of waters who asks him for food. (As.) You say, اِشْتَرِ عُرَاضَةً لِأَهْلِكَ Purchase thou a present to take to thy family. (S, O.) And سَأَلْتُهُ عُراضَةَ مَالٍ and مَالٍ ↓ عَرْضَ and مَالٍ ↓ عَرَضَ [I asked him for a present of property] فَلَمْ يُعْطِنِيهِ [and he did not give it to me]. (L.) [See also Ham p. 103, l. 8.]

عَرُضِىٌّ Of, or relating to, prosody, or the art of versification. A prosodist.]

عُرَيْضِنٌ dim. of عِرَضْنَى, q. v., voce عِرَضْنَةٌ. (S, O.) عَرُوضَاوَاتٌ Places in which grow أَعْرَاض [pl. of عِرْضٌ] i. e. the [trees called] أَثْل and أَرَاك and حَمْض. (TA.) عِرِّيضٌ Forward; officious; meddling; a busybody: (TA in art. تيح:) one who addresses himself to do evil to men. (S, O, K.) عَارِضٌ [Showing its breadth, or width; (see عَرَضَ, first signification;) or] having its side apparent: (TA:) and [in like manner] ↓ مُعْرِضٌ, q. v., anything showing its breadth, or width: [or its side:] (TA:) [and hence, both signify appearing. (See again عَرَضَ.)] b2: A collection of clouds appearing, or presenting itself, or extending sideways, (↓ مُعْتَرِضٌ,) in the horizon; (S, O, K;) overpeering: (TA:) or a collection of clouds which one sees in a side of the sky, like that which is termed جُلْبٌ, except that the former is white, whereas the latter inclines to blackness, and is narrower than the former, and more distant: (Az:) or a collection of clouds that comes over against one (مُعَارِضًا) in the sky, unexpectedly: (El-Báhilee, O:) or a collection of clouds that appears, or presents itself, or extends sideways, (يَعْتَرِضُ,) in the sky, like as does a mountain, before it covers the sky, is called سَحَابٌ عَارِضٌ, and also حَبِىٌّ: (As, O:) pl. عَوَارِضُ. (TA.) [See also عَرْضٌ and عِرْضٌ.] In the phrase عَارِضٌ مُمْطِرُنَا, in the Kur [xlvi. 23], ممطرنا means مُمْطِرٌ لَنَا; for as being determinate it cannot be an epithet to عَارِضٌ, which is indeterminate: and the like of this the Arabs do only in the instances of nouns derived from verbs; so that you may not say هٰذَا رَجُلٌ غُلَامُنَا. (S, O.) b3: See also عَرْضٌ, in the sentence commencing with “ A mountain,” in two places: b4: and again, shortly after. b5: A gift appearing (As, S, O, K) from a person. (As, S, O.) [See an ex. voce عَائِضٌ.] b6: [Happening; befalling; occurring: an occurrence; as a fever, and the like. (See عَرَضَ لَهُ.)] A bane, or cause of mischief, that occurs in a thing; as also عَرَضٌ, q. v. (TA.) And ↓ شُبْهَةٌ عَارِضَةٌ A doubt, or dubiousness, occurring, or intervening, in the mind. (TA.) In the saying of 'Alee, يَقْدَحُ الشَّكُّ فِى

مِنْ شُبْهَةٍ ↓ قَلْبِهِ بِأَوَّلِ عَارِضَةٍ, the word عارضة may perhaps be an inf. n., [or a quasi-inf. n.,] like عَاقِبَةٌ and عَافِيَةٌ: (TA:) [so that the meaning may be Doubt makes an impression upon his heart at the first occurrence of dubiousness.] b7: Whatever faces one, of a thing: (TA, and so in some copies of the K: in other copies of the K, this signification is given to ↓ عَارِضَةٌ:) or anything facing one. (O.) b8: Intervening; preventing: an intervening, or a preventing, thing; an obstacle: (TA:) a thing that prevents one's going on; such as a mountain and the like. (Msb.) [Its application to a cloud, and some other applications to which reference has been made above, may be derived from this signification, or from that next preceding, or from the first.] b9: I. q. عُرْضٌ, in the first of the senses assigned to this latter above; as also ↓ عَارِضَةٌ. (The former accord. to some copies of the K: the latter accord. to others: but both accord. to the TA.) b10: What appears, of the face, (K,) or of the mouth, accord. to the L, (TA,) when one laughs. (L, K, TA: but in some copies of the K, and in the O, this signification is given to ↓ عَارِضَةٌ.) b11: The side of the cheek (K, TA) of a man; (TA;) as also ↓ عَارِضَةٌ; (O, L, K;) the two sides of the two cheeks of a man being called the عَارِضَانِ, (Msb, TA,) or the ↓ عَارِضَتَانِ: (S:) the two sides of the face: (Lh, O, K:) or the side of the face; as also ↓ عَرُوضٌ; the two together being called the عَارِضَانِ: (Lh, TA:) or this last signifies the two sides of the mouth: or the two sides of the beard: pl. عَوَارِضُ. (TA.) خَفِيفُ العَارِضَيْنِ means Light, or scanty, in the hair of the two sides of the cheeks, (S, O, Msb,) and of the beard; (O;) being elliptical. (Msb.) But in a certain trad., in which a happy quality of a man is said to be خِفَّةُ عَارِضَيْهِ, the meaning is said to be (tropical:) His activity in praising and glorifying God; i. e. his not ceasing to move the sides of his cheeks by praising and glorifying God. (IAth, on the authority of El-Khattábee; and O.) b12: The side of the neck; (K;) the two sides thereof being called the عَارِضَانِ: (IDrd, O:) pl. as above. (TA.) [See also عُرْضٌ, near the beginning.] b13: The tooth that is in the side of the mouth: (TA; and K, as in some copies of the latter; but in other copies, this signification is given to ↓ عَارِضَةٌ:) pl. as above: (K:) or the side of the mouth; (S;) and so, as some say, عَوَارِضُ; (TA;) [meaning the teeth in the side of the mouth; for] you say اِمْرَأَةٌ نَقِيَّةُ العَارِضِ, (S,) and العَوَارِضِ, (TA,) a woman clean in the side of the mouth: (S, TA:) and Jereer describes a woman as polishing her عَارِضَانِ with a branch of a beshámeh, [a tree of which the twigs are used for cleaning the teeth,] meaning, as Aboo-Nasr says, the teeth that are after the central incisors, which latter are not of the عوارض: or, accord. to ISk, عَارِضٌ signifies the canine tooth and the ضِرْس [or bicuspid] next thereto: or, as some say, what are between the central incisor and the [first] ضرس [which is a bicuspid]: (S, O:) some say that the عوارض are the central incisors, as being [each] in the side of the mouth: others, that they are the teeth next to the sides of the mouth: others, that they are four teeth next to the canine teeth, and followed by the أَضْرَاس: Lh says that they are of the اضراس: others, that they are the teeth that are between the central incisors and the اضراس: and others, that they are eight teeth in each side; four above, and four below. (TA [from the O &c.].) A2: عَارِضٌ as applied to a she-camel, or a sheep or goat: see the paragraph next following.

A3: Giving a thing, or the giver of a thing, in exchange, for (مِنْ) another thing. (TA.) b2: A reviewer of an army, or of a body of soldiers, who makes them to pass by him, and examines their state. (S.) A4: See also the next paragraph; last three sentences.

عَارِضَةٌ: see عَارِضٌ, in eight places, from the sentence commencing with شُبْهَةٌ عَارِضَةٌ. b2: A want; an object of need: (S:) and [in like manner] ↓ عَرُوضٌ a want, or an object of need, that has occurred to one: (S, O, K:) pl. of the former عَوَارِضُ. (S.) ↓ عَرُوض has the signification above assigned to it in the saying, فُلَانٌ رَكُوضٌ بِلَا عَرُوضٍ [Such a one is running without any want that has occurred to him]. (S, O. [In the K, in the place of ركوض, we find رَبُوضٌ, which I think a mistake.]) [In Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 555, we find ↓ رَكُوضٌ فِى كُلِّ عَرُوضٍ, which is expl. as meaning Running swiftly in every region; and said to be applied to him who disseminates evil, or mischief, among men.]

A2: A she-camel having a fracture or a disease, (S, O, K,) for which reason it is slaughtered; (S;) as also ↓ عَارِضٌ: (O, K:) and in like manner, a sheep or goat: (TA:) pl. عَوَارِضُ. (S.) It is opposed to عَبِيطٌ, which is one that is slaughtered without its having any malady. (S, O.) One says, بَنُو فُلَانٍ

لَا يَأْكُلُونَ إِلَّا العَوَارِضَ [The sons of such a one do not eat any but camels such as are slaughtered on account of disease]; reproaching them for not slaughtering camels except on account of disease befalling them. (S, O.) b2: عَوَارِضُ, applied to camels, also signifies That eat the [trees called]

عِضَاه, (S, L,) wherever they find them. (L.) A3: [A thing lying, or extending, across, or athwart; any cross piece of wood &c.: so in the present day.] b2: The [lintel, or] piece of wood which holds the عِضَادَتَانِ [or two side-posts], above, of a door; corresponding to the أُسْكُفَّة [or threshold]; (S, L;) the upper piece of wood in which the door turns. (O, K. [In some copies of the latter, this signification is erroneously given to عَارِضٌ.]) The عَارِضَتَانِ of a door are also [said to be] the same as the عِضَادَتَانِ. (TA, voce عَتَبَةٌ.) b3: A [rafter, or] single one of the عَوَارِض of a roof: (S, O, K: [but in some copies of the last, and in the TA, this signification is erroneously given to عَارِضٌ:]) the عوارض of a house are the pieces of wood of its roof, which are laid across; one of which is called عَارِضَةٌ: and عَارِضٌ [a mistranscription for عَوَارِضُ] also signifies the سَقَائِف [or pieces of wood which form the roof] of a [vehicle of the kind called]

مَحْمِل. (L.) A4: Also, (S, and so in some copies of the K,) or ↓ عَارِضٌ, (as in other copies of the K,) or both, (TA,) Hardiness: (S, K, TA:) and this is what is meant by its being said, in [some copies of] the K, that عَارِضٌ is also syn. with عَارِضَةٌ; (TA;) [for in some copies of the K, after several explanations of العَارِضُ, we find وَالعَارِضَةُ وَالسِّنُّ الَّتِى فِى عُرْضِ الفَمِ; whereas, in other copies, the و before السِّنُّ is omitted:] courage; or courage and energy: (S, K, TA:) power of speech: (S:) perspicuity, or chasteness, of speech; and eloquence: (K, TA:) or the former signifies intuitive knowledge (بَدِيهَةٌ): or determination, resolution, or decision: (A:) and the trimming of speech or language, and the removal of its faults: and good judgment. (TA.) You say, فُلَانٌ ذُو عَارِضَةٍ (Az, IDrd, S, O, TA) Such a one is possessed of hardiness; (S, TA;) as also ↓ ذو عَارِضٍ; (TA;) and of courage, or courage and energy; and of power of speech: (S:) or of eloquence, (Az, IDrd, O,) and perspicuity, or chasteness, of speech. (IDrd, O.) And فُلَانٌ شَدِيدُ العَارِضَةِ Such a one is hardy; (Kh, O, TA;) as also ↓ شَدِيدُ العَارِضِ; (TA;) and courageous, or courageous and energetic. (Kh, TA.) أَعْرَاضُ الكَلَامِ: see مِعْرَاضٌ. b2: أَعْرَاضٌ is pl. of عَرْضٌ and of عُرْضٌ and of عِرْضٌ and of عَرَضٌ. b3: أَعْرَاضُ الشَّجَرِ means The upper parts of the trees [or shrubs]. (K.) مَعْرِضٌ The place of the appearance, [or occurrence,] and of the showing, or exhibiting, or manifesting, and of the mentioning, and of the intending, or purposing, of a thing. (Msb.) You say, قَتَلْتُهُ فِى مَعْرِضِ كَذَا I slew him in the place of the appearance [or occurrence &c.] of such a thing. (Msb.) And ذِكْرُ اللّٰهِ إِنَّمَا يَكُونُ فِى مَعْرِضِ التَّعْظِيمِ The praise and glorification of God is only in the place [or case] of the appearance, [or of the manifesting,] and of the intending, or purposing, of magnifying. (Msb.) [And hence, فِى مَعْرِضِ كَذَا also signifies In the time, or case, or on the occasion, of the appearance, &c., of such a thing. and In the state, or condition, or manner, which is indicative of such a thing: thus virtually agreeing with the phrase فِى مِعْرَضِ كَذَا, q. v. infrà.] b2: Also A place for the sale of slaves or beasts. (MA.) A2: And Pasturage that renders the cattle in no need of their being fed with fodder. (TA.) مُعْرِضٌ Anything showing its breadth, or width; [or its side; as also ↓ عَارِضٌ.] (TA. See the latter word.) [And hence, Appearing, as also the latter.] And i. q. مُعْتَرِضٌ [app. as signifying Presenting itself; or occurring]. (Sh.) and Anything putting its breadth, or width, [or side, (as is shown by an explanation of أَعْرَضَ,)] in one's power. (TA.) You say, الشَّىْءُ مُعْرِضٌ لَكَ, meaning The thing is in thy power; apparent to thee; not offering resistance to thee. (IAth, O. *) b2: And طَأْ مُعْرِضًا حَيْثُ شِئْتَ [Tread thou or] put thy feet where thou wilt, fearing nothing, for it is in thy power to do so. (S, O.) b3: اِدَّانَ مُعْرِضًا (occurring in a saying of 'Omar, K, or, as some relate it, دَانَ مُعْرِضًا, K in art. دين,) means He bought upon credit, or borrowed, or sought or demanded a loan, [doing so (TA)] of whomsoever he could, (Az, S, A, Mgh, O,) not caring what might be the consequence: (S, O:) or addressing himself to any one who came in his way: (Sh, K:) or turning away from such as said Thou shalt not buy on credit, or borrow: (IAth:) or avoiding payment: (TA:) or from any quarter that was easy and practicable to him, without caring, (O, K,) and without being perplexed: (O:) or he incurred the debt without caring for not paying it, or for what might be the consequence: (As:) or he contracted a debt with every one who presented himself to him: (K in art. دين:) Sh says that the making معرضا to signify مُمْكِنًا is improbable; because it is in the accus. case as a denotative of state with respect to [the agent implied in the verb] ادّان; and if you explain it as meaning he took it from him who enabled him, then معرضا applies to him whom he accosts, for he is the ممكن; [he suggests also, that the meaning may be he bought upon credit, or borrowed, largely; for] he adds that معرضا may be from أَعْرَضَ ثَوْبُ المَلْبَسِ, signifying اِتَّسَعَ and عَرُضَ. (TA.) b4: أَرْضٌ مُعْرِضَةٌ, or مُعْرَضَةٌ, (K, TA, [the former only in the CK,]) means Land wherein is herbage which the camels, or the like, depasture [app. at random] when traversing it. (O, K.) A2: See also مُعَرِّضٌ, last sentence.

مِعْرَضٌ Garments in which girls are displayed: (S:) or a garment in which a girl is displayed: (O, K:) or a garment in which girls are displayed on the wedding-night; which is the goodliest of their apparel, or of the goodliest thereof: (Msb:) and a garment in which a girl is shown, or displayed, to the purchaser: (TA:) or the shirt in which a male slave, and a girl, is shown, displayed, exposed, or offered for sale. (Har p. 129.) [and hence, فِى مِعْرَضِ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) In the guise of such a thing, used tropically, virtually agreeing with the phrase فِى مَعْرِضِ كَذَا in a sense expl. above.] See also مِعْرَاضٌ, last sentence but one.

مُعَرَّضٌ [pass. part. n. of 2, q. v.] Camels (نَعَمٌ) branded with the mark called عِرَاض. (S, O, K.) A2: Also Flesh-meat not well and thoroughly cooked: (ISk, S, O, K:) occurring in a verse (S, O) of Es-Suleyk Ibn-Es-Sulakeh, (O,) as some relate it; but accord. to others it is with ص; (S, O;) and this latter is the more correct. (O.) A3: مُعَرَّضَةٌ A virgin before she is veiled, or concealed: for she is once exhibited to the people of the tribe in order that some one or more may become desirous of her, and then they veil her, or conceal her. (TA.) مُعَرِّضٌ [act. part. n. of 2, q. v.]. A poet describes a she-camel carrying dates, and having outgone the other camels, so that the crows, or ravens, alighted upon her, and ate the dates, as being مِنْ مُعَرِّضَاتِ الغِرْبَانِ, as though she were of those feeding the crows, or ravens, of what is termed عُرَاضَة, q. v. (S.) A2: Also the circumciser of a boy: (K:) [or] so ↓ مُعْرِضٌ. (O:) مِعْرَاضٌ An arrow having no feathers (As, S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) nor head, (As,) slender at the two extremities, and thick in the middle, (O, K,) being in form like the wooden implement wherewith cotton is separated from its seeds, or is separated and loosened [by striking therewith the string of a bow], (O, TA,) which goes sideways, (Mgh, [in the O and TA, مُسْتَوِيًا, app. a mistranscription, for مُسْتَعْرِضًا,]) striking with its عَرْض [or middle part, unless this be a mistake for عُرْض, or side], (Mgh, [in my copy of which, عرض is without any vowel-sign,] and K,) not with its extremity: (Mgh, K:) sometimes, it strikes with its thick middle part in such a manner that it breaks and crushes what it strikes so that it is like the thing that is beaten to death; and if the object of the chase be near to it, it strikes it with the place of the head thereof: if it make a hole, the game smitten with it may be eaten; but not if it strike with a middle part (بِعَرْضٍ). (O, TA.) A2: An oblique, indirect, obscure, ambiguous, or equivocal, mode of speech; as when thou askest a man, “Hast thou seen such a one? ” and he, having seen him, and disliking to lie, answers, “ Verily such a one is seen: ” (Msb:) from عَرَّضَ [q. v.]: (Msb, El-Munáwee: the latter in explaining a trad., q. v. infrà:) i. q. تَوْرِيَةٌ [signifying as above; or the pretending one thing and meaning another; or the using a word, an expression, or a phrase, which has an obvious meaning, and intending thereby another meaning to which it applies but which is contrary to the obvious one]; the original meaning of which is concealment: (Msb:) or language whereof one part resembles another in the meanings: (O, TA: [in the TA immediately follows the exemplification cited above, from the Msb; whence it seems that this explanation is itself somewhat of a معراض, meaning what it does not clearly express:]) or المَعَارِيضُ فِى الكَلَامِ [thus, with the pl. form, in two copies of the S, and in the TA,] signifies التَّوْرِيَةُ بِالشَّىْءِ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ [the pretending, or making believe, a thing instead of another thing]: (S:) and مَعَارِضُ الكَلَامِ and ↓ أَعْرَاضُهُ signify the same as مَعَارِيضُهُ. (TA.) [مَعَارِضُ is a contraction of مَعَارِيضُ, like as مِعْرضٌ is said to be of مِعْرَاضٌ when syn. therewith.] It is said in a prov., (S,) a trad., (TA,) إِنَّ فِى

المَعَارِيضِ لَمَنْدُوحَةً عَنِ الكَذِبِ [Verily, in oblique, indirect, obscure, ambiguous, or equivocal, modes of speech is ample scope, freedom, or liberty, (سَعَةٌ, S,) to avoid lying; or, as is said in the L in art. ندح, that which renders one in no need of lying]. (S, Msb.) One says also, عَرَفْتُهُ فِى

مِعْرَاضِ كَلَامِهِ, expl. voce عَرُوضٌ which see in three places, and كَلَامِهِ ↓ فِى مِعْرَضِ, rejecting the ا: this latter is said by some of the learned to be a metaphorical expression, from مِعْرَضٌ signifying the “ garment in which girls are displayed,” as though the meaning were (tropical:) [I knew it] in the form, or manner, and guise, and mould, of his speech; but this does not obtain in all kinds of speech; for it may not be said in cases of reviling; indeed it would be bad, in these cases, to use as a metaphor the garment of adornment: therefore the proper way is to say that مِعْرَضٌ is a contraction of مِعْرَاضٌ. (Msb.) One also says الأَلْفَاظُ مَعَارِيضُ المَعَانِى (tropical:) [Words are the robes of meanings]: and this phrase also is [said to be] taken from مِعْرَضٌ signifying the “ garment in which a girl is displayed; ” because words adorn meanings. (TA.) مُعَارِضٌ A camel that does not go straightly in the file, or series, but takes to the right and left: (A:) or a she camel such as is termed عَلُوق; that makes a show of affection with her nose [by smelling her young one], (تَرْأَمُ بِأَنْفِهَا,) and refuses to yield her milk. (AA, O, K.) سَحَابٌ مُعْتَرِضٌ فِى الأُفُقِ: i. q. عَارِضٌ, q. v. b2: [جُمْلَةٌ مُعْتَرِضَةٌ A parenthetic clause.] b3: فُلَانٌ مُعْتَرِضٌ فِى خُلُقِهِ [Such a one is habitually cross, or perverse, in his disposition, in every case,] is said of a man when everything of his affairs displeases thee. (TA.) b4: هَوًى مُعْتَرِضٌ Love that befalls at first sight, and captivates the heart at once unless it quit it quickly as it seized it quickly. (Ham p. 551.)