عدن

1 عَدَنَ بِهِ, (Mgh, Msb, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ and عَدُنَ, inf. n. عَدْنٌ and عُدُونٌ, (Msb, K,) He remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in it, (Mgh, Msb, K,) namely, a place, (Mgh, Msb,) or a country, or town. (K.) Whence, (Msb, K,) or from عَدَنَت said of camels as expl. in what follows, (S,) جَنَّاتُ عَدْنٍ, (S, Msb, K,) [applied to Paradise,] meaning Gardens of abode, (S, Msb,) or gardens of perpetual abode. (TA.) And عَدَنْتُ البَلَدَ means I took for myself the country, or town, as a home, or settled place of abode. (S.) b2: and عَدَنَتِ الإِبِلُ (S, Msb TA) بِمَكَانِ كَذَا, (S, TA,) aors. as above, (Msb, TA,) and so the inf. ns., (TA,) The camels kept to such a place, not quitting it: (S:) or remained, or stayed, (Msb, TA,) in such a place, in the pasturage, (TA,) or pasturing upon the [plants, or trees, called]

حَمْض: (Msb, TA:) or عَدَنْتِ الإِبِلُ فِى الحَمْضِ the camels found the حمض to be wholesome (اِسْتَمْرَتْهُ [for اِسْتَمْرَأَتْهُ]), and increased, or fattened, thereon, and kept thereto: (K, TA:) accord. to Az, the verb is used of camels only in relation to the حمض: or, as some say, it is in relation to anything: (TA:) and the epithet ↓ عَادِنٌ, (S, K,) without ة, (TA,) is applied to a she-camel of which this verb is used; (S, K;) and its pl. is عَوَادِنُ. (TA.) A2: عَدَنَ الأَرْضَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَدْنٌ, (TA,) He dunged, or manured, the land; as also ↓ عَدَّنَهَا. (K.) b2: And عَدَنَ الشَّجَرَةَ, (K,) inf. n. عَدْنٌ, (TA,) He marred the tree with an axe or the like. (K.) b3: عَدَنَ الحَجَرَ, (K,) inf. n. عَدْنٌ, (TA,) He pulled out the stone (K, TA) with the فَأْس [meaning hoe]. (TA.) A3: See also Q. Q. 1.2 عدّن الأَرْضَ: see 1, near the end.

A2: Also, inf. n. تَعْدِينٌ, He smote the ground بِالْمِعْدَنِ, i. e. with the صَاقُور [or pickaxe], (K, TA,) to put it in a good state [app. for cultivation, by breaking it up]. (TA.) A3: عدّن الغَرْبَ He added a piece, called عَدِينَة, in one side of the hide of which the غرب [or large leathern bucket] was made, to render it of full dimensions, it being [too] small. (ISh, TA.) [And probably, He added to the غَرْب an عَدِينَة (q. v.) of any kind.]

A4: And عدّن said of a drinker, He became full. (K.) Q. Q. 1 عَيْدَنَتِ النَّخْلَةُ, (K accord. to the TA, and so in the TA in art. عود, as on the authority of Az,) or ↓ عَدَنَت, (so in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K,) The palm-tree became such as is termed عَيْدَانَة (K, TA) i. e. tall [&c., n. un. of عَيْدَانٌ, mentioned in art. عود]. (TA.) عَدَنِىٌّ of, or belonging to, [the place called]

عَدَن [in El-Yemen]: b2: hence, عَدَنِيَّاتٌ meaning Highly-prized garments: and an epithet applied to رِيَاط [pl. of رَيْطَةٌ] worn by young women, or girls: b3: and hence likewise عَدَنِىٌّ is an epithet applied to a man as meaning Generous in natural dispositions: (TA:) [or this may be from what next follows:] b4: عَدَنِىٌّ signifies also One who weaves [the garments called] الثِّيَاب العَدَنِيَّة in Neysáboor [app. from سِكَّةُ عَدْنَى, which, as is said in the TA, is in Neysáboor]. (TA.) عَدَانٌ A place of عُدُون [i. e. of remaining, staying, dwelling, or abiding, of men in a place, or of camels in the pasturage &c.: see 1]. (TA.) b2: Also The shore of the sea: (S, K:) but in the phrase بِعَدَانِ السِّيفِ in a verse of Lebeed, it is said that he meant عَدَن [of El-Yemen], adding the ا by poetic license; or some other place: (S:) Sh says that is there means a place on the shore of the sea: and AHeyth related it with kesr to the ع. (TA.) And (K, TA) accord. to IAar (TA) it signifies The side of a river. (K, TA.) A2: And A period of seven years: one says, مَكَثُوا عَدَانًا [They tarried during a period of seven years], (K, TA,) and عَدَانَيْنِ i. e. fourteen years. (TA.) عَدَانَةٌ A company (AA, K, TA) of men: (AA, TA:) pl. عَدَانَاتٌ: (AA, K, TA:) or this latter signifies parties, or distinct bodies, of men: (S, TA:) and accord. to IAar رِجَالٌ عَدَانَاتٌ meansmen remaining, staying, dwelling, or abiding. (TA.) A2: See also what next follows.

عَدِينَةٌ A piece, or patch, in the bottom, or lower part, of a leathern bucket; (S, K;) as also ↓ عَدَانَةٌ: (K:) or at the extremities of the loops of the [leathern water-bag called] مَزَادَة: (AA, TA:) or any piece that is added in the [large leathern bucket called] غَرْب, like the بَنِيقَة in the shirt: (ISh, TA:) pl. عَدَائِنُ. (S, K.) عِدَّانٌ, signifying A time, [as also عَدَّانٌ,] is said by some to be of the measure فِعْلَالٌ [a mistranscription for فِعَّالٌ] from عَدَنَ; but Fr held it to be more probably of the measure فِعْلَانٌ from العَدّ and العِدَاد, in the place of which [i. e. in art. عد] it has been mentioned. (TA.) عَدَوْدَنِىٌّ Swift; (K, TA;) applied to a camel: (TA:) or strong, robust, or hardy; (K, TA;) so applied: (TA:) or whose origin is referred to a certain stallion, (K, TA,) named عَدَوْدَن; (TA;) or to a certain land, (K, TA,) so named. (TA.) عَادِنٌ [act. part. n. of 1:] as an epithet applied to a she-camel; pl. عَوَادِنُ: see 1, latter half.

عَيْدَانٌ (S, K) meaning Tall palm-trees (S) [or the tallest of palm-trees &c. (see art. عود)] has been mentioned in the portion appropriated to words of which the last radical letter is د, (S, K,) as being of the measure فَعْلَانٌ: (TA:) or they are so called because of their long remaining; the word being of the measure فَيْعَالٌ from عَدَنَ بِالمَكَانِ: (Ham p. 712:) [it is a coll. gen. n. :] n. un. with ة, (S, O, K, all in art. عود.) مَعْدِنٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) and accord. to some مَعْدَنٌ also, but this is not of established authority, (TA,) A mine; i. e. a place of the origination of the جَوَاهِر [meaning native ores] of gold and the like: (K:) the place of the origination of anything, (Lth, Msb, K, TA,) as of gold, and of silver, and of other things: (Lth, TA:) or the gold, and silver, [and any other metal or mineral, such as is of value,] created by God in the earth: (Mgh:) so called because the people thereof remain there (S, Mgh, Msb, K) always, (K,) summer and winter; (S, Mgh, Msb;) or because the native ore created therein by God has remained fixed in it; (Msb; [and the like is said in the Mgh and K;]) or, as some say, from عَدَنْتُ الحَجَرَ meaning “ I pulled out the stone: ” (Ham p. 81:) the pl. is مَعَادِنُ. (TA.) It signifies also A place of fixedness of anything. (S, TA.) And مَعَادِنُ signifies also Origins, or sources. (TA.) [Hence the saying,] هَجَرٌ مَعْدِنُ التَّمْرِ (assumed tropical:) [Hejer is famous as the place of production of dates]. (S in art. بضع.) And [hence] one says, هُوَ مَعْدِنٌ لِلْخَيْرِ وَالكَرَمِ (tropical:) [He is a natural source of goodness and generosity], meaning that he was created with a disposition thereto. (TA.) [And هُمْ كِرَامُ المَعَادِنِ (assumed tropical:) They are generous in respect of their origins: see a verse cited voce إِنْ, p. 107.]

مِعْدَنٌ A صَاقُور [or pickaxe], (K, TA,) resembling a فَأْس. (TA.) غَرْبٌ مُعَدَّنٌ [A large leathern bucket] having a piece, or patch, called عَدِينَة, sewed upon its bottom, or lower part, (S, K,) in consequence of its having been rent in that part. (S. [See also 2.]) And خُفٌّ مُعَدَّنٌ A boot having a piece added at the end of the shank, so as to widen it. (TA.) مُعَدِّنٌ One who extracts the masses of stone from a mine, seeking to find in them gold and the like, (K, TA,) after having then broken them in pieces. (TA.) مَعْدِنِىٌّ, also pronounced مَعْدَنِىٌّ, Of, or belonging to, a mine; mineral; and metallic. b2: And A mineral; and a metal: pl. مَعْدَنِيَّاتٌ.]

دلو

1 دَلَا الدَّلْوَ, (Mgh, K, [in the CK, دَلّاها is erroneously put for دَلَاهَا,]) [and دَلَا بِالدَّلْوِ,] first Pers\. دَلَوْتُ الدَّلْوَ, (T, S, Msb,) and دَلَوْتُ بِالدَّلْوِ, (Msb,) aor. , first Pers\., أَدْلُو, inf. n. دَلْوٌ; (T;) and الدَّلْوَ ↓ ادلى; (Mgh; [the only authority that I find for the latter verb in the sense here explained;]) He pulled the دَلْو [or bucket] up, or out, (T, S, Mgh, Msb,) from the well, (T, Mgh,) full: (T, Mgh:) or he pulled the دلو to make it come forth. (K.) Hence, i. e. from ادلى الدلو as explained above, the saying, in a trad., if it be correct, عَنِ المَآءَ ↓ وَرَدُوا مَآءٍ فَسَأَلُوا أَهْلَهُ أَنْ يُدْلُوهُمْ [They came to water, and they asked its owners to draw for them from the water]; for يُدْلُوا لَهُمْ, or يُدْلُوا دَلْوَهُمْ. (Mgh.) And أَدْلُو حَاجَتِى, from دَلَوْتُ الدَّلْوَ explained above, means (assumed tropical:) I seek, or demand, the accomplishment of my want: (Ham p. 500:) or دَلَا حَاجَتَهُ means (assumed tropical:) He sought, or demanded, the object of his want. (TA.) and دَلَوْتُ بِفُلَانٍ إِلَيْكَ, (S, TA,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) I begged, or beg, such a one to make intercession for me to thee. (S, TA.) b2: [Hence also,] دَلَا (assumed tropical:) He drove, or urged on: (IAar, T:) or did so gently; for دَلْوٌ [the inf. n.] means the driving, or urging on, gently. (M.) You say, دَلَوْتُ النَّاقَةَ, (S, K,) aor. ـْ (TA,) inf. n. دَلْوٌ, (S, TA,) (tropical:) I made the she-camel to go gently, or leisurely. (S, K, TA.) b3: And دَلَوْتُهُ and ↓ دَالَيْتُهُ (tropical:) I was gentle with him; namely, a man; (S, K, TA;) treated him with gentleness or blandishment, soothed him, coaxed him, or wheedled him; (S, TA; and K in art. دلى [in which, as is said in the TK, دَاوَيْتُهُ is erroneously put, in some copies, for دَارَيْتُهُ];) endeavoured to conciliate him. (TA.) b4: See also 4, in three places.2 تَدْلِيَةٌ [inf. n. of دلّى] signifies The lowering a thing; like ↓ إِدْلَآءٌ [inf. n. of 4]. (Bd in vii.

21.) You say, دلّى الشَّىْءَ فِى مَهْوَاةٍ He let down the thing, made it to hang down, or let it fall, into a pit or the like. (T, * M, TA.) and دَلَّاهُ مِنْ سَطْحٍ بِحَبْلٍ He let him, or it, down from a house-top by means of a rope. (Mgh.) and دلّى رِجْلَيْهِ مِنَ السَّرِيرِ [He hung down his legs from the couch]; and ↓ ادلى occurs in the same sense. (Mgh.) It is said in a trad., دُلِّىَ عَلَىَّ جِرَابٌ مِنْ شَحْمٍ مِنْ بَعْضِ حُصُونِ خَيْبَرَ, meaning [A bag, or provision-bag, of fat] was let down, or let fall, upon me [from one of the forts of Kheyber]. (Mgh.) See also 4. b2: And دلّى الشَّىْءَ He made, or brought, or drew, the thing near to another thing (مِنْ غَيْرِهِ); like الدَّلْوِ ↓ إِدْلَآءُ. (Har p. 173.) b3: دَلَّاهُ بِغُرُورٍ (assumed tropical:) He caused him to fall into that which he desired [to bring about] by exposing him to perdition, or destruction, or loss, without his knowledge; from الدَّلْوِ ↓ إِدْلَآءُ. (S.) [In the Kur vii. 21,] فَدَلَّاهُمَا بِغُرُورٍ means (assumed tropical:) and he caused them to fall (فدلّاهما) into disobedience by deceiving, or beguiling, them: so says Aboo-Is-hák [Zj]: or (assumed tropical:) he excited their cupidity [with deceit, or guile]; originating from the case of a thirsty man's being let down (يُدَلَّى) into a well in order that he may satisfy his thirst from its water, and his not finding water in it, so that he is let down into it with deceit, or guile: or it means he emboldened them to eat of the tree with deceit, or guile; originally دَلَّلَهُمَا. (T.) 3 دَالَيْتُهُ: see 1.4 أَدْلَيْتُ, [in the CK, erroneously, دَلَيْتُ,] and ↓ دَلَوْتُ (K;) or أَدْلَيْتُ الدَّلْوَ, (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِدْلَآءٌ; (T, Msb;) and الدَّلْوَ ↓ دَلَوْتُ, [and app. بِالدَّلْوِ,] aor. ـْ [inf. n. دَلْوٌ;] (T, * Msb;) I let down the دَلْو [or bucket] (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) into the well, (T, S, Mgh, K,) to fill it, (T,) or to draw water with it. (M, Msb.) أَدْلِ دَلْوَكَ فِى الدِّلَآءِ [Let down thy bucket with the other buckets] is a prov. used in urging [a person] to strive, or labour, for gain; (TA;) originating from a company's assembling at a well, and letting down their buckets in order that every one of them may take his share of the water, or what is easily procurable by him thereof: meaning, use means to acquire, like as do others. (Har p. 167.) See also 2, in four places. b2: Hence, (Mgh,) ادلى بِحُجَّتِهِ (tropical:) He adduced his plea, or the like, (T, S, M, Mgh, K,) correctly, or validly; (T;) or he defended himself by adducing it or urging it: (S:) or he established his plea, or the like, and so obtained his claim or demand or suit. (Msb.) And in like manner you say, ادلى بِحَقِّهِ (tropical:) [He urged, or established, his right or due]. (TA.) b3: And ادلى بِمَالِهِ (tropical:) He gave, (دَفَعَ, M, K, TA,) or presented, or offered, (رَفَعَ, S, TA,) his property, (S, M, K, TA,) إِلَيْهِ [to him], (M,) or الى الحَاكِمَ [to the judge]. (S.) Hence, in the Kur [ii. 184], وَتُدْلُوا بِهَا إِلَى, الحُكَّامِ, (S, K,) i. e. (tropical:) And [do not] give it, or offer it, as a bribe to the judges: (S, * TA:) or and do not endeavour to conciliate with it the judges in order that they may cut off for you what is the right of others: (T:) or and do not throw it to the judges to be decided by them, (Mgh, Bd, Jel,) or as a bribe. (Jel.) And in a letter of 'Omar, فَافْهَمْ إِذَا أُدْلِىَ إِلَيْكَ And understand thou when an application is made to thee by litigants for the decision of a cause. (Mgh.) b4: and ادلى بِرَحِمِهِ (tropical:) He sought to bring himself near, to approach, or to gain access, [إِلَى غَيْرِهِ to another,] by means of his relationship: (S, K, TA:) and he pleaded, or made intercession, thereby. (TA.) بِهِ إِلَيْكَ ↓ وَقَدْ دَلَوْنَا, in a prayer for rain, of 'Omar, referring to El-' Abbás, i. e., accord. to the “ Ghareebeyn,” (assumed tropical:) And we have sought to approach, or to gain access, to Thee by him, app. means that they sought to obtain the mercy and aid of God [by means of his intercession], like as one seeks to get at, or obtain, the water by means of the دَلْو [or bucket]. (M.) One says also, أَدْلَى إِلَى المَيَّتِ بِالبُنُوَّةِ وَنَحْوِهَا, meaning (assumed tropical:) He was united to the dead by sonship, and the like; from إِدْلَآءُ الدَّلْوِ. (Msb.) And فُلَانٌ يُدْلِى إِلَى

المَيِّتِ بِذَكِرٍ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is united with the dead by a male. (Mgh.) b5: ادلى فِيهِ means (tropical:) He said of him what was evil, or foul. (M, K.) b6: and ادلى said of a horse &c., He put forth his yard, for the purpose of staling or covering; (M, K;) as also ↓ دلّى said of an ass, as is also the former verb. (M.) b7: See also 1, first and second sentences.5 تدلّى It was let down or lowered; it hung down, or dangled; it was let down; (T, * M, Mgh;) into, and over, a pit or the like; (M;) it hung (K) from (مِنْ) a tree; (S, K) it hung down as a fruit [from a tree]. (Bd in liii. 8.) [Hence,] تدلّى عَلَيْنَا مِنْ أَرْضِ كَذَا [He, or it, came down, or descended, upon us from such a land]. (TA.) And تدلّى بِالشَّرِّ He descended upon one with evil, or mischief. (TA.) b2: Also He drew near, or approached: (K in art. دلى:) or he drew near, or approached, [from above, or] after being high. (IAar, T.) Accord. to Fr, ثُمَّ دَنَا فَتَدَلَّى [in the Kur liii. 8] means ثَمَّ تَدَلَّى فَدَنَا, (T,) i. e. Then he (Gabriel) hung down from the highest region of the sky, and so drew near to the Apostle: showing that he took him up without becoming separated from his place: or the meaning of the phrase, as it stands, is, then he drew near to the Prophet, and he clung to him: (Bd:) but accord. to Zj, it means then he drew near, and drew nearer; and is like the phrase دَنَا فُلَانٌ مِنِّى وَقَرُبَ. (T. [See also another explanation in what follows.]) b3: And He was, or became, lowly, humble, or submissive; or he lowered, humbled, or abased, himself. (IAar, T; and K in art. دلى.) b4: In the saying of a poet, كَأَنَ رَاكِبَهَا غُصْنٌ بِمَرْوَحَةٍ

إِذَا تَدَلَّتْ بِهِ أَوْ شَارِبٌ ثَمِلٌ تدلّت may be quasi-pass. of دَلَا, inf. n. دَلْوٌ, signifying “ he drove, or urged on, gently: ” or it may be for تَدَلَّلَتْ: [so that the meaning may be, As though her rider were a branch of a tree in a place over which the wind was blowing, when she became urged on gently with him, or an intoxicated drinker: or, when she emboldened herself with him, &c.:] (M:) [for] تَدَلَّى is also syn. with تَدَلَّلَ: (S, K:) and [J says that] this is its meaning in the saying in the Kur [otherwise explained above] ثُمَّ دَنَا فَتَدَلَّى: being like يَتَمَطَّى in the Kur [lxxv. 33], i. e. يَتَمَطَّطُ. (S.) 12 اِدْلَوْلَى, of the measure اِفْعَوْعَلَ, He hastened, made haste, sped, or went quickly; (S;) [like اذلولى.]

دَلًا: see what next follows.

دَلْوٌ [A bucket, generally of leather;] a certain thing with which one draws water; (S, TA;) a vessel with which one draws water from a well; (KL;) well known; (T, K;) in Pers\. دول [i. e.

دُولْ, pronounced “ dól ”]: (MA:) masc. and fem.; (M;) sometimes masc.; (K;) mostly fem., (M, Msb,) and thus accord. to the more approved usage: (M:) pl. (of pauc., T, S, Msb) أَدْلٍ, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) of the measure أَفْعُلٌ, [originally أَدْلُوٌ,] (S,) and (of mult., T, * S, Msb) دِلَآءٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and دُلِىٌّ, (S, M, Msb, K,) which is of the measure فُعُولٌ (S, Msb) originally, (Msb,) and دِلِىٌّ (T, M, K, omitted in the CK) and دُلِيَّةٌ, omitted here by the author of the K but mentioned by him in art. نحو, (TA,) and ↓ دَلَا; (K; [there said to be like عَلَى; but correctly دَلًا;]) or دَلًا is syn. with دِلَآءٌ, and its sing. [or n. un.] is ↓ دَلَاةٌ; (S, M;) like as that of فَلًا is فَلَاةٌ; (M;) [for] دَلَاةٌ is syn. with دَلْوٌ: (T:) or دَلَاةٌ signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (M,) a small دَلْو. (M, K. [But in the M, in one place, it seems to be stated that, accord. to some, دَلَاةٌ and دَلًا signify the same, in a pl. sense: for, after the pls. of دَلْوٌ, it is added, وَهِىَ الدَّلَاةُ وَالدَّلَا. I think, however, that he who first said this meant thereby that الدَّلَاةُ and الدَّلَا signify, respectively, the same as الدَّلْوُ and الدِّلَآءُ &c.]) [Hence the saying, أَتْبِعِ الدَّلْوَ رِشَآءَهَا: see 4 in art. تبع.] As masc., it has for its dim. ↓ دُلَّىٌّ: as fem., ↓ دُلَيَّةٌ. (Msb.) See also دَالِيَةٌ. b2: And hence, (M,) الدَّلْوُ (tropical:) [The sign of Aquarius;] one of the signs of the Zodiac. (S, M, K.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) The hopper of a mill. (Golius on the authority of Meyd.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) A certain mark made with a hot iron upon camels; (S, K;) app. in the form of a دَلْو [properly so called]. (TA.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) Calamity, misfortune, or mischief. (S, K.) So in the saying, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ بِالدَّلْوِ (assumed tropical:) [Such a one brought calamity, &c.]. (S.) دَلَاةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph. b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) A share, or portion: so in the saying of a rájiz, آلَيْتُ لَا أُعْطِىَ غُلَامًا أَبَدَا دَلَاتَهُ إِنِّى أُحِبُّ الأَسْوَدَا meaning [I have sworn, or, emphatically, I swear, I will not give a boy, ever,] his share, or portion, of love, or affection: [verily I love ElAswad:] El-Aswad was the name of his son. (S, TA.) دُلَىٌّ: see دَلْوٌ, of which they are dims.

دُلَيَّةٌ: see دَلْوٌ, of which they are dims.

دَالٍ Pulling up, or out, a دَلْو [or bucket] from a well: (T:) and occurring in poetry in the sense of مُدْلٍ [meaning letting down a دَلْو into a well]: (S:) pl. دُلَاةٌ. (TA.) دَالِيَةٌ A [water-wheel, or machine for irrigating land, such as is called] مَنْجَنُون, (S, M, K,) that is turned by an ox or a cow: (S:) and [such as is called] a نَاعُورَة: (K:) or the ناعورة is turned by water: (S:) and a thing made of palm-leaves (M, K) and pieces of wood, with which water is drawn [for irrigating land] by means of ropes, or cords, (M,) [app. held and drawn at one end by a man, and at the other end] tied to a tall palm-trunk: (M, K:) it is a bucket (دَلْو), and the like, with pieces of wood made in the form of a cross, [i. e. with two pieces of wood placed across and so tied together,] the two arms of which are bound to the top [or rim] of the bucket; them one end of a rope is tied to it, and the other end to a palm-trunk standing at the head of the well; and one irrigates [land] with it [app. by drawing and swinging it up by means of another, or of the same, rope]: the word is of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ [because it is pulled up]: the pl. is دَوَالٍ: El-Fárábee deviates from others, by explaining it as meaning a مَنْجَنُون; and J follows him: (Msb:) [a similar apparatus for irrigating land is used in the northern parts of Egypt, called قَطْوَة and ↓ دَلْو: it consists of a bowl-shaped bucket, with four cords attached to its rim: two men, each holding two of the cords, throw up the water by means of it into a trough or trench: accord. to Mtr,] the دَالِيَة is a tall palm-trunk set in the manner of the machine with which rice is beaten [to remove the husks], having at its head a large bowl, with which water is drawn [for irrigating land]. (Mgh.) b2: Also Land that is irrigated by means of the دَلْو [or bucket] or the [machine called] مَنْجَنُون [mentioned above]. (M, K.) b3: And the pl., دَوَالٍ, Unripe dates hung, and eaten when they become ripe. (T, K.) Hung fruit. (Bd in liii. 8.

[But perhaps الثمر is there a mistranscription for التّمْرُ.]) b4: Also (i. e. the pl.) Black grapes, but not intensely black, (AHn, M, K,) the bunches of which are the largest of all bunches, appearing like goats hung [upon the vines]: the berries thereof are coarse, breaking in the mouth, and round; and are dried. (AHn, M.) [See also دَوَالِىُّ, in art. دوال.) b5: [The sing. also signifies A grape-vine itself: and a shoot of a grape-vine: pl. as above.]

دِمْيَاطُ:
مدينة قديمة بين تنّيس ومصر على زاوية بين بحر الروم الملح والنيل، مخصوصة بالهواء الطيب وعمل ثياب الشرب الفائق، وهي ثغر من ثغور الإسلام، جاء في الحديث عن عمر بن الخطاب، رضي الله عنه، أنه قال: قال رسول الله، صلى الله
عليه وسلم: يا عمر إنه سيفتح على يديك بمصر ثغران الإسكندرية ودمياط، فأما الإسكندرية فخرابها من البربر، وأما دمياط فهم صفوة من شهداء من رابطها ليلة كان معي في حظيرة القدس مع النبيّين والشهداء، ومن شمالي دمياط يصبّ ماء النيل إلى البحر الملح في موضع يقال له الأشتوم، عرض النيل هناك نحو مائة ذراع، وعليه من جانبيه برجان بينهما سلسلة حديد عليها حرس لا يخرج مركب إلى البحر الملح ولا يدخل إلّا بإذن، ومن قبلها خليج يأخذ من بحرها سمت القبلة إلى تنّيس، وعلى سورها محارس ورباطات، قال الحسن بن محمد المهلبي: ومن طريف أمر دمياط وتنيس أنّ الحاكة بها الذين يعملون هذه الثياب الرفيعة قبط من سفلة الناس وأوضعهم وأخسهم مطعما ومشربا، وأكثر أكلهم السمك المملوح والطريّ والصّير المنتن، وأكثرهم يأكل ولا يغسّل يده ثم يعود إلى تلك الثياب الرفيعة الجليلة القدر فيبطش بها ويعمل في غزولها ثم ينقطع الثوب فلا يشك مقلّبه للابتياع أنه قد بخر بالندّ، قال:
ومن طريف أمر دمياط في قبليّها على الخليج مستعمل فيه غرف تعرف بالمعامل، يستأجرها الحاكة لعمل ثياب الشرب فلا تكاد تنجب إلّا بها، فإن عمل بها ثوب وبقي منه شبر ونقل إلى غير هذه المعامل علم بذلك السمسار المبتاع للثوب فينقص من ثمنه لاختلاف جوهر الثوب عليه، وقال ابن زولاق: يعمل بدمياط القصب البلخي من كل فنّ، والشرب لا يشارك تنيس في شيء من عملها، وبينهما مسيرة نصف نهار، ويبلغ الثوب الأبيض بدمياط وليس فيه ذهب ثلاثمائة دينار، ولا يعمل بدمياط مصبوغ ولا بتنيس أبيض، وهما حاضرتا البحر، وبهما من صيد السمك والطير والحيتان ما ليس في بلد، وأخبرني بعض وجوه التجار وثقاتهم أنه بيع في سنة 398 حلّتان دمياطيتان بثلاثة آلاف دينار، وهذا مما لم يسمع بمثله في بلد، وبها الفرش القلموني من كل لون المعلم والمطرّز ومناشف الأبدان والأرجل، وتتحف لجميع ملوك الأرض، وفي أيام المتوكل سنة 238 وولاية عنبسة بن إسحاق الضبي على مصر تهجّم الروم على دمياط في يوم عرفة فملكوها وما فيها وقتلوا بها جمعا كثيرا من المسلمين وسبوا النساء والأطفال وأهل الذمة فنفر إليهم عنبسة بن إسحاق عشية يوم النحر في جيشه ومعه نفر كثير من الناس فلم يدركوهم ومضى الروم إلى تنيس فأقاموا بأشتومها فلم يتبعهم عنبسة، فقال يحيى بن الفضيل للمتوكل:
أترضى بأن يوطأ حريمك عنوة، ... وأن يستباح المسلمون ويحربوا؟
حمار أتى دمياط، والروم رتّب ... بتنيس، منه رأي عين وأقرب
مقيمون بالأشتوم يبغون مثل ما ... أصابوه من دمياط، والحرب ترتب
فما رام من دمياط سيرا، ولا درى ... من العجز ما يأتي وما يتجنّب
فلا تنسنا، إنا بدار مضيعة ... بمصر، وإن الدين قد كاد يذهب
فأمر المتوكل ببناء حصن دمياط، ولم يزل بعد في أيدي المسلمين إلى أن كان شهر ذي القعدة سنة 614 فإن الأفرنج قدموا من وراء البحر وأوقعوا بالملك العادل أبي بكر بن أيوب وهو نازل على بيسان فانهزم منهم إلى خسفين، فعاد الأفرنج إلى عكا فأقاموا بها أياما وخرجوا إلى الطور فحاصروه، وكان قد عمّر فيه الملك المعظم ابن الملك العادل قلعة
حصينة غرم فيها مالا وافرا، فحاصروه مدة فقتل عليه أمير من أمراء المسلمين يعرف ببدر الدين محمد ابن أبي القاسم الهكّاري وقتل كند من أكناد الأفرنج كبير مشهور فيهم، فتشاءموا بالمقام على الطور ورجعوا إلى عكا واختلفوا هناك، فقال ملك الهنكر: الرأي أنا نمضي إلى دمشق ونحاصرها فإذا أخذناها فقد ملكنا الشام، فقال الملك النّوّام، قالوا: إنما سمي بذلك لأنه كان إذا نازل حصنا نام عليه حتى يأخذه أي أنه كان صبورا على حصار القلاع، واسمه دستريج ومعناه المعلم بالريش لأن أعلامه كانت الريش، فقال: نمضي إلى مصر فإن العساكر مجتمعة عند العادل ومصر خالية، فأدّى هذا الاختلاف إلى انصراف ملك الهنكر مغاضبا إلى بلده، فتوجه باقي عساكرهم إلى دمياط فوصلوها في أيام من صفر سنة 615 والعادل نازل على خربة اللّصوص بالشام وقد وجه بعض عساكره إلى مصر، وكان ابنه الملك الأشرف موسى بن العادل نازلا على مجمع المروج بين سلمية وحمص خوفا من عادية تكون منهم من هذه الجهة، واتفق خروج ملك الروم ابن قليج ارسلان إلى نواحي حلب وأخذ منها ثلاثة حصون عظيمة: رعبان وتل باشر وبرج الرّصاص، كلها في ربيع الأول من السنة، وبلغ عسكره إلى حدود بزاعة، وانتهى ذلك إلى الملك الأشرف فجاء فيمن انضم إليه من عساكر حلب فواقعه بين منبج وبزاعة فكسره وأسر أعيان عسكره ثم من عليهم وذلك في ربيع الآخر، وبلغ خبر ذلك إلى ملك الروم وهو قيقاوس بن قليج أرسلان وهو نازل على منبج فقلق لذلك حتى قال من شاهده إنه رآه يختلج كالمحموم ثم تقيّأ شيئا شبيها بالدم ورحل من فوره راجعا إلى بلده والعساكر تتبعه، وكان انفصاله في الحادي عشر من جمادى الأولى سنة 615، وقد استكمل شهرين بوروده، واستعبد على الفور تل باشر ورعبان وبرج اللصوص، ورجع إليه أصحابه الذين كانوا مقيمين بهذه الحصون الثلاثة وكانوا قد سلموها بالأمان، جمع منهم متقدما وتركهم في بيت من بيوت ربض ترتوش وأضرم فيه النار فاحترقوا، وكان فيهم ولد إبراهيم خوانسلار صاحب مرعش، فرجع إلى بلده وأقام يسيرا ومات واستولى على ملكه أخوه وكان في حبسه، ولما استرجع الملك الأشرف من هذه الحصون الثلاثة ورجع قاصدا إلى حلب ودخل في حدها ورد عليه الخبر بوفاة أبيه الملك العادل أبي بكر بن أيوب، وكانت وفاته بمنزلة على خربة اللصوص وإنما كانت في يوم الأحد السابع من جمادى الأولى سنة 615، فكتم ذلك ولم يظهره إلى أن نزل بظاهر حلب وخرج الناس للعزاء ثلاثة أيام، وأما الأفرنج فإنهم نزلوا على دمياط في صفر سنة 15 وأقاموا عليها إلى السابع والعشرين من شعبان سنة 16 وملكوها بعد جوع وبلاء كان في أهلها وسبوهم، فحينئذ أنفذ الملك المعظم وخرّب بيت المقدس وبيع ما كان فيها من الحليّ وجلا أهلها، وبلغ ذلك الملك الأشرف فمضى إلى الموصل لإصلاح خلل كان فيه بين لؤلؤ ومظفّر الدين بن زين الدين، فلما صلح ما بينهما توجه إليها وكان أخوه الملك الكامل بإزاء الأفرنج في هذه المدة، فقدمها الملك الأشرف وانتزعها من أيديهم في رجب سنة 18 ومنّوا على الأفرنج بعد حصولهم في أيديهم، وكان قد وصل في هذا الوقت كند من وراء البحر وحصل في دمياط وخافوا إن لم يمنّوا على الأفرنج أن يتخذوا بحصول ذلك الكند الواصل شغل قلب فصانعوهم بنفوسهم عن دمياط فعادت إلى المسلمين.
وطول دمياط ثلاث وخمسون درجة ونصف وربع، وعرضها إحدى وثلاثون درجة وربع وسدس، وينسب إلى دمياط جماعة، منهم: بكر بن سهل ابن إسماعيل بن نافع أبو محمد الدمياطي مولى بني هاشم، سمع بدمشق صفوان بن صالح، وببيروت سليمان بن أبي كريمة البيروتي، وبمصر أبا صالح عبد الله ابن صالح كاتب الليث وعبد الله بن يوسف التنيسي وغيرهم، وروى عنه أبو العباس الأصمّ وأبو جعفر الطحاوي الطبراني وجماعة سواهم، قال أبو سليمان ابن زبر: مات بدمياط في ربيع الأول سنة 289، وذكر غير ابن زبر أنه توفي بالرملة بعد عوده من الحجّ، وأن مولده سنة 196.

بهمن
: (البَهْمَنُ) ، كجَعْفَرٍ:
أَهْمَلَهُ الجوْهرِيُّ.
وَهُوَ (أَصْلُ نَباتٍ شَبيهٌ بأَصْلِ الفُجْلِ الغَليظِ فِيهِ اعْوِجاجٌ غَالِبا، وَهُوَ أَحْمَرُ وأَبْيَضُ، ويُقْطَعُ ويُجَفَّفُ نافِعٌ للخَفَقانِ البارِدِ مُقَوَ للقَلْبِ جدّاً باهِيٌّ.
(وبَهْمَنُ: اسمُ) رجُلٍ مِن مُلُوكِ الفُرْسِ.
(وبَهْمَن: ماهْ) اسمُ شَهْرٍ (من الشُّهورِ الفارِسِيَّةِ الحادِي عَشَرَ) .
(وممَّا يُسْتدركُ عَلَيْهِ:
بَهْمانُ: والدُ عبدِ الرَّحمنِ التَّابِعِيّ الحجازيّ الرَّاوي عَن عبدِ الرَّحمنِ بنِ ثابِتٍ، قالَ البُخارِي: وقالَ بعضُهم: عبدُ الرَّحمنِ بنِ يَهْمان بالياءِ التحْتِيّة وَلَا يَصحُّ.
وَقد أَوْرَدَه المصنِّفُ، رحِمَه اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي الزَّاي فقالَ بَهْماز والدُ عبدِ الرَّحمنِ فحرَّفَ وصحَّفَ، وَقد نبَّهْنا عَلَيْهِ هُنَاكَ فرَاجِعْه.

بَين
: ( {البَيْنُ) فِي كَلامِ العَرَبِ جاءَ على وَجْهَيْن: (يكونُ فُرْقَةً، و) يكونُ (وَصْلاً) ، بانَ} يَبِينُ {بَيْناً} وبَيْنُونَةً، وَهُوَ مِن الأَضْدادِ؛ وشاهِدُ البَيْنِ بمعْنَى الوَصْلِ قَوْلُ الشَّاعِرِ:
لقد فَرَّقَ الواشِينَ {بَيْني} وبينَها فقَرَّتْ بِذاكَ الوَصْلِ عَيْني وعينُهاوقالَ قيسُ بنُ ذَريح: