عصو

1 عَصَاهُ, (K, TA,) aor. ـْ (TA,) inf. n. عَصْوٌ, (TK,) He struck him, or beat him, with the staff or stick or rod (بِالعَصَا): (K, TA:) or عَصَوْتُهُ بِالعَصَا I struck him, or beat him, with the staff &c. (S.) b2: And عَصِىَ بِهَا He took it, i. e. the staff &c.: and عَصِىَ بِسَيْفِهِ he took his sword as one takes the staff: or he struck, or beat, with it as one does with the staff; as also عَصَا, aor. ـُ inf. n. عَصًا: or you say عَصَوْتُ بِالسَّيْفِ and عَصِيتُ بِالعَصَا [in the CK عَصَيْتُ]: or the reverse of this: or each of these verbs followed by بالسيف and بالعصا: (K, TA:) all these phrases are mentioned by the leading lexicologists and by ISd in the M: (TA:) or you say عَصِىَ بِالسَّيْفِ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَصًا, meaning he struck with the sword. (S.) [See also 5.] b3: عَاصَانِى فَعَصَوْتُهُ: see 3. b4: [See also 2.]

A2: عَصَوْتُ القَوْمَ, (K, TA,) aor. ـْ (TA,) I collected together the people, or party, for good or for evil. (K, TA.) [This seems to be regarded by some as the primary signification; (see عَصًا;) but, I think, without good reason.] b2: And عَصَوْتُ الجُرْحَ, (S, K,) inf. n. عَصْوٌ, I bound the wound. (S, K.) A3: عَصَا, inf. n. عَصْوٌ, also signifies It was, or became, hard: as though for عَسَا; the س being changed into ص. (TA.) A4: And عَصَا, aor. ـْ said of a bird, It flew. (TA.) 2 عصّاهُ العَصَا, inf. n. تَعْصِيَةٌ, He gave him the عصا [or staff, &c.]. (K. [Accord. to Golius, عَصَاهُ; evidently a mistake, for عصّاه is not mentioned by him.]) 3 عَاْصَوَ ↓ عَاصَانِى فَعَصَوْتُهُ He contended with me in striking, or beating, (K, TA,) or, as in the M, he acted roughly towards me, and opposed me, or contended with me, (TA,) with the عَصَا [or staff, &c.], and I overcame him [therein]. (K, TA.) 4 اعصى It (a grape-vine) put forth its عِيدَان (S, K, TA) or عُصِىّ CCC [i. e. rods]. (TA.) 5 تعصّى He struck, or beat, with the عَصَا [or staff, &c.]. (Mgh.) And تعصّى بِالعَصَا He made use of the عصا [or staff, &c.]: and he struck, or beat, with it. (Mgh.) 8 اعتصى عَلَى العَصَا He leaned, or he supported, or stayed, himself, upon the عَصَا [or staff, &c.]. (S, Mgh.) b2: And يَعْتَصِى بِالسَّيْفِ He makes use of the sword as a staff. (S, and TA in this art. and in art. عصى.) b3: And اعتصى الشَّجَرَةَ He cut a staff, or stick, or rod, (عَصًا,) from the tree. (K.) عَصًا i. q. عُودٌ [as meaning A staff, or stick, or rod]: (K:) originally عَصَوٌ, and accordingly its dual is as below: said to be thus called because the fingers and hand are put together upon it [to grasp it], from the saying عَصَوْتُ القَوْمَ “ I collected together the people, or party; ” as related by As from some one or more of the Basrees: (TA:) of the fem. gender: (S, Msb, K:) it is said in a prov., ↓ العَصَا مِنَ العُصَيَّةِ [lit. The staff is from the little staff; the dim. having the affix ة because it is the dim. of a fem. n.]; (S;) [or]

العَصَا in this prov. is the name of a mare of Jedheemeh [mentioned voce ضُلٌّ], and العُصَيَّة is that of her dam; meaning that part of the thing, or affair, is from part; (S, K, TA;) and said when one is likened to his father; or meaning that the big thing is in its commencement small: (TA: [see also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 17:]) it is not allowable to say عَصَآء; nor to affix ة: (As, TA:) one says, هٰذِهِ عَصَاىَ أَتَوَكَّأُ عَلَيْهَا [This is my staff; I support, or stay, myself upon it]: Fr says that the first incorrect speech heard in El-'Irák was the saying, هٰذِهِ عَصَاتِى: (S:) the dual is عَصَوَانِ: (S, Msb:) and the pl. [of mult.] is عُصِىٌّ, (S, Msb, K,) [originally عُصُووٌ,] of the measure فُعُولٌ, (S, Msb,) and عِصِىٌّ, (S, K,) in which the ع is with kesr because of the kesrah following it, and [of pauc.] أَعْصٍ (S, Msb, K) and أَعْصَآءٌ, (K,) or this last is agreeable with analogy, but has not been transmitted, (ISk, Msb,) and is disallowed by Sb, who says that عُصِىٌّ CCC was used in its stead. (TA.) b2: [Hence various sayings, here following. b3: ] أَلْقَى عَصَاهُ [lit. He threw down his staff;] meaning (tropical:) he stayed, (S, Msb, K, TA,) and rested, (Msb,) and ceased from journeys, (S,) having reached his place: (K, TA:) a prov.; (S, TA;) applied to him to whom an affair has become suitable and who has therefore kept to it: (TA:) or he made firm his tent-pegs, and pitched his tent, or stayed; (K, TA;) like him who has returned from his journey. (TA.) And رَفَعَ عَصَاهُ [He took up his staff] means (assumed tropical:) he ceased from staying [in a place at which he had alighted; he departed]. (Har p. 454.) b4: لَا تَرْفَعْ عَصَاكَ عَنْ أَهْلِكَ [Put not thou away thy staff, or stick, from thy family, or thy wife,] denotes [the practice of] discipline. (S. [See art. رفع, p. 1122, col. 3.]) b5: هُمْ عَبِيدُ العَصَا [They are the slaves of the staff] means (assumed tropical:) they are [persons] beaten with the staff. (K, TA.) It is said in the A, النَّاسُ عَبِيدُ العَصَا [Mankind are the slaves of the staff], meaning that they are dreaded by reason of their doing harm [and are therefore to be kept in awe]. (TA.) b6: And مَا هُمْ إِلَّا عَبِيدُ العَصَا [They are none other than the slaves of the staff] is said of persons regarded as low, base, or vile. (TA.) b7: إِنَّهُ لَيِّنُ العَصَا [Verily he is one whose staff is supple] means (tropical:) he is gentle, a good manager of that whereof he has the charge: (S, K: *) accord. to ISd, alluding to the beating little with the عصا. (TA.) And إِنَّهُ ضَعِيفُ العَصَا [Verily he is one whose staff is weak], meaning تِرْعِيَّةٌ [i. e., (assumed tropical:) one who performs well the act of keeping or tending, or of pasturing or feeding, camels]: (S:) or one who beats the camels little (K, TA) with the عَصا: and such is commended. (TA.) And صَلِيبُ العَصَا and صُلْبُهَا [One whose staff is hard], i. e. (assumed tropical:) one who is ungentle with the camels, beating them with the عصا: and such is discommended. (TA.) See an ex. in a verse of Er-Rá'ee cited voce صُلْبٌ. b8: قَرَعَهُ بِعَصَا المَلَامَةِ [He struck him with the staff of censure] means (assumed tropical:) he exceeded the usual bounds in censuring him. (TA.) b9: See also 1 in art. قرع. b10: فُلَانٌ يُصَلِّى عَصَا فُلَانٍ [Such a one straightens the staff of such a one by turning it round over the fire] means (assumed tropical:) such a one manages, orders, or regulates, the affairs of such a one. (TA.) b11: لَا تَدْخُلْ بَيْنَ العَصَا وَلِحَائِهَا [Enter not thou between the staff and its peel] means [(assumed tropical:) intermeddle not thou between two close friends; (see Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 153;) or] enter not thou into that which does not concern thee. (TA.) and قَشَرْتُ لَهُ العَصَا [I peeled for him the staff] means (assumed tropical:) I discovered to him what was in my mind. (TA.) b12: شَقُّ العَصَا [lit. The splitting of the staff] means (assumed tropical:) the contravening of the collective body [or the community] of El-Islám [i. e. of the Muslims]: (K, TA:) and also (assumed tropical:) the disuniting of the collective body of the tribe: (TA:) or شَقَّ العَصَا means (tropical:) He separated himself from, and he contravened, the collective body [or the community]: (Msb:) and [it is said that] the primary signification of العَصَا is the state of combination and union: (TA:) this is the meaning in the saying, respecting the خَوَارِج [see خارِجِىٌّ], قَدْ شَقُّوا عَصَا المُسْلِمِينَ (assumed tropical:) [They have made a schism in the state of combination and union, or in the communion, of the Muslims]. (S, TA.) [Hence,] their saying إِيَّاكَ وَقَتْلَ العَصَا means (assumed tropical:) Beware thou of slaying or being slain in making a schism in the communion of the Muslims (فِى شَقِّ عَصَا المُسْلِمِينَ). (TA.) and one says, اِنْشَقَّتِ العَصَا (S, TA) [The staff became split], meaning, (assumed tropical:) disagreement, or discord, befell. (TA.) And طَارَتْ عَصَا بَنِى فُلَانٍ شِقَقًا [lit. The staff of the sons of such a one flew in splinters], a prov., meaning (assumed tropical:) the sons of such a one became scattered in various directions. (Meyd.) b13: عَصَا العَبْدِ [The stick of the slave] is the thing with which one stirs the مَلَّة [or hot ashes wherein bread is baked]. (TA.) b14: العَصَا signifies also (tropical:) The bone of the shank; (K, TA;) as being likened to the عصا [properly so called]. (TA.) And [the pl.] العِصِىُّ, (assumed tropical:) The bones that are in the wing. (S.) And [the same, or] العُصِىُّ, (assumed tropical:) Certain stars, having the form of the عَصَا [or rather of عصىّ]. (TA. [But what stars these are, I have not been able to determine.]) b15: Also, (i. e. العَصَا,) The tongue. (K.) [Perhaps as being likened to a staff because used in chiding.] b16: And The woman's [muffler, or headcovering, called] خِمَار. (K.) b17: عَصَا الرَّاعِى [The pastor's rod; and appellation of knot-grass; a species of polygonum, p. aviculare;] the بطباط [i. e. بَطْبَاط, but the former name is the better known]; male, and female, the former of which is the more potent: asserted by Dioscorides to be diuretic, and a remedy for him who suffers suppression of the urine. (Ibn-Seenà, whom we call Avicenna, book ii. p. 229.) عُصَيَّةٌ dim. of عَصًا, q. v.

العَاصِى: see عَاصٍ in art. عصى.

صور

1 صَارَهُ, aor. ـُ (S, M, K,) inf. n. صَوْرٌ, (M, K,) He made it (a thing, M, K, or, as some say, specially the neck, M) to incline, or lean; (S, M, K;) as also صارهُ, aor. ـِ (S;) and ↓ اصارهُ: (S, M, Msb, K:) or he demolished it threw it down, or pulled it down to the ground; as also ↓ اصارهُ. (K.) One says, of a man, يَصُورْ عُنُقَهُ

إِلَى الشَّىْءِ He inclines his neck to the thing. (Lth.) And صُرْتُ إِلَىَّ الشَّىْءَ, and ↓ أَصَرْتُهُ, I inclined, or bent, the thing to, or towards, me. (El-Ahmar.) And صُرْتُ الغُصْنَ لِأَجْتَنِىَ الثَّمَرَ [I inclined, or bent, the branch, that I might pluck, or gather, the fruit]. (A.) And قُلُوبٌ لَا تَصُورُهَا الأَرْحَامُ (assumed tropical:) [Hearts which the ties of relationship do not incline]. (TA, from a trad.) فَصُرْهُنَّ إِلَيْكَ, in the Kur [ii. 262], means and turn them towards thee; and so فَصِرْهُنَّ: (Akh, S, M:) but the former is the more common reading: this is the meaning commonly known, of each reading: though Lh says that the former means as above, and the latter means cut them, and divide them, in pieces; (M;) and some thus explain the former, making a transposition in the verse, as though the words were thus, فَخُذْ إِلَيْكَ

أَرْبَعَةً مِنَ الطَّّيْرِ فَصُرْهُنَّ. (S.) One says also, صُرْ إِلَىَّ, and صُرْ وَجْهَكَ إِلَىَّ, Turn thou thy face towards me. (Akh, S.) And صَارَ وَجْهَهُ, aor. ـُ (M, K,) and يَصِيرُ, (K,) He turned his face towards a person or thing. (M, K.) And هُوَ يَصُورَ مَعْرُوفَهُ إِلَى النَّاسِ (tropical:) [He turns his beneficence towards men]. (TA.) b2: [Agreeably with a statement cited above, it is said that] صَارَهُ, aor. as above, (S, K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) signifies also He dissected it; or cut it, or divided it, in pieces. (S, K, TA.) b3: And hence, (TA,) صَارَ الحُكْمَ (assumed tropical:) He (the judge, A, TA) decided the judgment. (S, * A, TA.) b4: [Freytag states, on the authority of the Kitáb el-Addád, that صار, aor. as above, has two contr. significations: He separated, or dispersed: b5: and He collected.] b6: See also 2.

A2: صَارَ also signifies He (a man, M) uttered a cry, or sound. (M, K.) A3: صَوِرَ, (M, A, K,) [aor. ـْ inf. n. صَوَرٌ, (S, M, A,) He, (Lth,) or it, (a thing, M, Msb, K, or a man's neck, M, A, *) inclined, or leaned; (Lth, S, * M, A, K;) as also ↓ انصار: (S, M, Msb, K: *) it bent; or was, or became, crooked. (A.) One says, فِى عُنُقِهِ صَوَرٌ In his neck is an inclining; and a bending, or crookedness. (A.) b2: And صَوَرٌ as an attribute of a man signifies also (tropical:) An inclining, or inclination; (S;) a desiring, or desire. (S, Msb.) 2 صوّر [inf. n. تَصْوِيرٌ,] He formed, fashioned, figured, shaped, sculptured, or pictured, him, or it; (S, M, K;) and ↓ تصوّر signifies the same; (Msb, and Bd in iii. 4;) and so does ↓ صار, accord. to Aboo-'Alec, in the saying, بَنَاهُ وَصَلَّبَ فِيهِ وَصَارَا [Which (referring to a church) he has built, and in which he has made a cross, or crosses, and has made sculptured, or painted, work]. (M.) One says, صَوَّرَهُ اللّٰهُ صُورَةً حَسَنَةً [God formed him a goodly, or beautiful, form]. (S.) b2: See also 5, in two places.4 أَصْوَرَ see 1, in three places.5 تصوّر He, or it, was, or became, formed, fashioned, figured, shaped, sculptured, or pictured. (S, M, K, TA.) b2: And [hence,] تصوّر لِى

[and لِى ↓ صُوِّرَ, like تَخَيَّلَ لِى and خُيِّلَ لِى,] It appeared to my mind, or imagination, (S, Msb,) as an image, or a picture. (Msb.) A2: See also 2. b2: [Hence,] تصوّر شَيْئًا He imagined a thing; imaged it in the mind; as also ↓ صوّرهُ; [like تَخَيَّلَهُ and خَيَّلَهُ;] he imagined, or conceived, the form of the thing. (S.) [تَصَوُّرٌ in logic signifies The forming of an idea; conception, perception, or apprehension; sometimes qualified by the epithet سَاذَجٌ i. e. simple.]

A3: Also He (being pierced with a spear or the like) inclined, to fall: (S:) or he (being struck) fell: (M, K:) or he, or it, fell, or alighted. (TA.) 7 اِنْصَارَ: see صَوِرَ. b2: Also It (a thing) became demolished, and cut, or divided, in pieces: (O:) it (a mountain) became demolished, and fell: (Sgh, TA:) it cracked, and split. (TA.) 8 اصطارهُ He doubled it, or folded it; or he bent it; syn. ثَنَاهُ. (O.) صَارٌ: see صَيِّرٌ, below, in two places.

صَوْرٌ Small palm-trees: (M, K:) or a collection of small palm-trees: (S, M, K:) a word having no proper sing.: (S, M:) [but see صَوْرَةٌ:] pl. صِيرَانٌ: (Sh, M, K:) and other trees: pl. as above. (Sh, TA.) b2: Also The root of a palmtree, (M, K,) or of a palm-trunk. (M.) b3: and The bank, or side, of a river or rivulet. (M, K.) b4: And The side of the neck. (O, * K, * TA. [In the CK, واللِّيتِ is erroneously put for وَاللِّيتُ.]) b5: And The forelock: so in the saying of a rájiz, كَأَنَّ عُرْفًا مَائِلًا مِنْ صَوْرِهِ [As though a mane inclining from his forelock]. (S.) صُورٌ A horn: (S, M:) and a horn in which one blows: (S, M, K:) so in the Kur [vi. 73, &c.], يَوْمَ يُنْفَخُ فِى الصُّورِ [i. e. On the day when the horn shall be blown in]: El-Kelbee says, I know not what is الصور: and it is said to be pl. of صُورَةٌ, like as بُسْرٌ is of بُسْرَةٌ; [or rather a coll. gen. n., of which صُورَةٌ is the n. un.;] i. e., [the phrase means] when the souls shall be blown into the forms of the dead: and El-Hasan read فِى الصُّوَرِ: (S, L, TA:) this is related on the authority of AO; but AHeyth asserts him to have said wrong. (L, TA.) صَوَرٌ inf. n. of صَوِرَ [q. v.]. (M, A.) b2: Also An itching (أُكَالٌ) in the head. (IAar, TA.) [See also صَوْرَةٌ.]

صَارَةٌ The head, (O,) or the upper, or uppermost, part, (K,) of a mountain: (O, K:) and صُؤَيْرَةٌ [with ء] has been heard from the Arabs as its dim. (TA.) A2: See also صِوَارٌ.

صَوْرَةٌ (tropical:) An inclination, or a desire. (TA.) Yousay, أَرَى لَكَ إِلَيْهِ صَوْرَةً (tropical:) I see thee to have a loving inclination to him. (A.) And مَا بِى إِلَيْهَا صَوْرَةٌ (tropical:) I have not any inclination to, or desire for, her. (TA, from a trad.) b2: And An itching, or itch, (حِكَّة,) in the head: (A:) or an affection like حِكَّة in a man's head, occasioning a desire to be loused. (S, M, K.) [See also صَوَرٌ.]

A2: And A palm-tree. (IAar.) [See also صَوْرٌ.]

صُورَةٌ Form, fashion, figure, shape, or semblance; syn. شَكْلٌ, (M, K,) and مِثَالٌ; (Msb;) the external state of a thing; (IAth;) that whereby a thing is sensibly distinguished by men in general, and even by many other animate beings, from other things; as the صورة of a man, and of a horse, and of an ass. (B.) b2: And An effigy; an image, or a statue; a picture; anything that is formed, fashioned, figured, or shaped, after the likeness of any of God's creatures, animate or inanimate: it is said that the maker of an effigy, or image, will be punished on the day of resurrection, and will be commanded to put life into it; and that the angels will not enter a house in which is a صورة. (Mgh.) [See also تَصَاوِيرُ.] b3: [Hence, A mental image; or a resemblance, of any object, formed, or conceived, by the mind; an idea: a meaning of frequent occurrence in philosophical works &c.] b4: And Species; syn. نَوْعٌ. (K.) b5: And The essence of a thing; that by being which a thing is what it is; or the property, or quality, or the aggregate of properties or qualities, whereby a thing is what it is; syn. حَقِيقَةٌ: (IAth:) [specific character;] that whereby a thing is mentally distinguished by particular persons, not by the vulgar, from other things; as the صورة by which a man is specially distinguished, consisting in reason and thought and other distinctive attributes: (B:) a quality, an attribute, a property; or a description, as meaning the aggregate of the qualities or attributes or properties, of a thing; or the state, condition, or case, of a thing; syn. صِفَةٌ: (IAth, Msb, K:) as when you say, صُورَةُ الأَمْرِ كَذَا [The quality, &c., of the thing is of such a kind]: (IAth, Msb:) and صُورَةُ المَسْأَلَةِ كَذَا [The description, statement, or form, of the question is of such a kind]: (Msb:) and so in the saying of the Prophet, أَتَانِى اللَّيْلَةَ رَبِّى فِى

أَحْسَنِ صُورَةٍ [My Lord came to me to-night in a most goodly state]; or صورة may here refer to the Prophet, and may mean external state, or manner of being, or condition. (IAth.) b6: And The mode, or manner, of an action. (IAth.) b7: The pl. is صُوَرٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and صِوَرٌ and صُورٌ; (S, M, K;) the second of which is rare, and by some disallowed. (MF.) b8: The saying of the Prophet خَلَقَ اللّٰهُ آدَمَ عَلَى صُورَتِهِ may mean that God created Adam in the صورة [or form &c.] that He, namely, God, originated and ordained; or in the صورة proper to him, namely, Adam. (M.) b9: صُورَةٌ signifies also The face: so in a trad. cited voce مُحَرَّمٌ; in which it is said that the صورة is pronounced sacred, i. e. that it is not to be slapped: and in another, in which it is said that the Prophet disliked marking the صورة with a hot iron. (TA.) صُوَارٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places.

صِوَارٌ A herd of [wild] bulls or cows; (S, M, Msb, K;) as also ↓ صُوَارٌ and ↓ صِيَارٌ [the latter in the CK written صِيّار] and ↓ صُوَّارٌ [in some copies of the K erroneously written صُوَار, which, as observed in the TA, is a repetition]: (M, K, TA:) pl. of the first (S, M) and second and third (M) صِيرَانٌ. (S, M.) A2: Also A sweet odour; and so ↓ صُوَارٌ. (M, K.) b2: And A vesicle (وِعَآء) of musk; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ صُوَارٌ, (Msb,) and ↓ صِيَارٌ, (S,) and ↓ صَارَةٌ [also] signifies [the same, i. e.] a فَارَة or فَأْرَة of musk: (O, K:) or صِوَارٌ and ↓ صُوَارٌ signify a small quantity of musk: (M, K:) or a piece, or portion, thereof: (M:) and صِوَارٌ signifies also musk [itself]: (TA:) pl. أَصْوِرَةٌ. (M, K.) [Said in the M to be Pers\.]

A3: الصِّوَارَانِ The two corners of the mouth; (O, K;) called by the vulgar الصَّوَّارَيْن, (O, TA,) or الصَّوَارَيْن (O in art. صمغ.) صِيَارٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

صُؤَيْرَةٌ [with ء] a dim. of صَارَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) صَيِّرٌ Goodly in صُورَة [i. e. form &c.]; (Fr, S, K;) as also ↓ صَارٌ. (TA in art. شور.) One says رَجُلٌ صَيِّرٌ شَيِّرٌ (Fr, S) and شَارٌ ↓ صَارٌ (TA ubi suprà) A man goodly in صورة [or form &c.] and in شَارَة [i. e. appearance or apparel &c.]. (Fr, S.) [See also شَيِّرٌ in art. شور.]

صَوَّارٌ A sparrow (عُصْفُورٌ) that answers when called. (S, M, K. *) صُوَّارٌ: see صِوَارٌ, first sentence.

أَصْوَرُ Inclining: (M, K:) pl. صُورٌ. (M.) One says رَجُلٌ أَصْوَرُ A man having an inclining, or a bending, or crooked, neck. (A.) And هُوَ أَصْوَرُ

إِلَى كَذَا He is inclining his neck and face towards such a thing. (A.) b2: [And hence,] (assumed tropical:) Having an inclination, or a desire, (S, M, Msb,) to, or for, (إِلَى,) a friend, or an object of love. (M.) تَصَاوِيرُ [pl. of تَصْوِيرٌ and تَصْوِيرَةٌ] Effigies, images, or statues; pictures; and the like. (S, Mgh.) [See also صُورَةٌ.]

مُصَوِّرٌ [A sculptor; and a painter, or limner, or the like]. المُصَوِرُ as an epithet of God, The Former, or Fashioner, of all existing things, who hath established them, and given to every one of them a special form and a particular manner of being whereby it is distinguished, with their variety and multitude. (TA.)

سعد:
ساعد فلانا: رافقه، صاحبه، عاشره (عباد 1: 300).
ساعد فلاناً: وافقه. طاوعه. تألفه (فوك، عباد 2: 48).
ساعد فلاناً على: فعل نفس فعله. ففي طرائف دي ساسي (2: 42): ولن يفوت الملك أن يسألك عن أمر جبلة ويقع فيه ((فإياك أن تساعده على ذلك)) أي فدع ما يقوله ولا تؤيده ولا تخالفه. وفي كتاب عبد الواحد (ص173).
وساعدني جفن الغمام على البكا ... فلم ادر دمعا أينا كان أسجما
أي أن الغمام سكب الدمع كما سكبته فلم أدر أينا كان أكثر سيلانا للدمع.
ساعد: دارى، صانع، لاطف (المعجم اللاتيني - العربي). ساعد إلى كلامه: أصغى إليه (رتجرز ص183) ساعده إلى مطلبه: استجاب لطلبه (رتجرز ص167).
ساعد: سعد وسُعِد. ففي ألف ليلة (برسل 4: 73)؛ خذ هذا تساعد به، أي تسعد به بمعنى تكون به سعيداً.
أسعد أسعده بالصباح: تمنى لي صباحاً سعيداً (ألف ليلة يرسل 4: 98).
اسعد: وافق، طاوع، مثل ساعد ففي كوسج (طرائف ص41): فسألاني الإسعاد لهما على ذلك. أسعد فلاناً على اتفق معه على (فوك) اسعد فلاناً على: فعل نفس فعله، عاونه على، مثل ساعد. يقال: أسعده على البكاء. واسعد وحدها تدل على نفس المعنى (معجم البلاذري، معجم الطرائف، شرح الزوزني للبيت الأول من معلقة امرئ القيس، كوسج طرائف ص59) تساعد - تساعدوا: تعاونوا (بوشر).
تساعد ب: استعان ب (بوشر).
تساعد: كان سعيداً.
انساعد: خاطر بنفسه، ركب الأخطار، ركب المهالك، (الكالا).
سُعدَى (هذا الضبط بالشكل في معجم المنصوري) وجمعه سُعْدَيات. مثل سعد. وأجود أصنافه السعد الكوفي ويسمى أيضا: سعدى عراقية، ثم السعد المصري. ويوجد منه: سعدى دمشقية وطرسوسية المستعيني، معجم المنصوري، ابن العوام 1: 140) وكتابة الكلمة التي أراد بانكري تغييرها صحيحة يؤديها ما جاء في مخطوطاتنا. ويقول المستعيني أن الاسم الأسباني لها ينجه أي junica وهو مصيب في ذلك. وفي معجم الكالا: Sud de وقد أساء كتابة الكلمة العربية (سعدة) وفيه حرف C ذو الركيزة السفلية بدل حرف C من خطأ الطباعة.
سعدية: قنينة أو دورق (فوك). سعدية: رقاة، خاطّون، ضاربو الرمل، سحرة. وهو مشتق من اسم الشيخ سعد الدين (عوادة ص702).
سعدان وجمعه سعادين: قرد (بوشر، همبرت ص63) وسبوس، ساجو، نوع من قرود أمريكية قصيرة طويلة الذيل (بوشر).
سُعُود: لعل هذا هو صواب الكلمة في معجم بوشر الذي يذكر سعو بمعنى درجة كبيرة من الإتقان.
سعيد: نوع من التمر (دسكرياك ص12).
سعيد النصبة: مهرج، مسخرة، كراكوز (بوشر) سعادة: طوبى، نعمى في الدين (انظر لين وابن جبير ص342) ومنها: أهل السعادة: المسلمون (ألف ليلة 2: 95) ويوم السعادة يوم القيامة. (ابن جبير ص77).
بسعادتك: تحت نظرك، برعايتك، بحظك السعيد (بوشر).
سعادة: كلمة تقال للأكابر تعظيماً لهم (هلو، محيط المحيط) ويقال: سعادتكم أي سموكم وجلالتكم، فمثلاً: سعادة سلطان فرنسا أي جلالة ملك فرنسا، وسعادة الأمير أي سمو الأمير (بوشر).
وفي تاريخ اليمن كان حسن باشا يسمى دائما صاحب السعادة (روتجرز ص139).
دار السعادة: بلاط الملك، مقر الملك مع حاشيته (بوشر).
سعادة: في دمشق اسم قصر نائب السلطان. (الملابس ص8 رقم2) وفي رتجرز (ص130) وتوجهت القصاد بالبشائر بالنصر على الأعداء إلى الأبواب الشريفة السلطانية والى سدة السعادة المراد خانية العثمانية.
سعيدة: سيادة، ولاية، جناب، حضرة.
سعادي. فارس سعادي: فارس سعيد بحصوله على الغنائم (مجلة المشرق والجزائر السلسلة الجديدة 1: 182) سعيدي: تمر ينقع بالماء ويتخذ منه بعصره نوع من الحلوى (هاملتن ص298).
ساعد: يد المغرفة، ففي النويري (مصر 2: 104): وأمر أن يكون للمرأة شيء مثل المغرفة بساعد طويل تتناول به ما تبتاعه من الرجل.
ساعد: يد الكمنجة الآلة الموسيقية (لين عادات 2: 75).
مُسَعّد: عراف، ساحر (الكالا) وفيه: hadador مسئد Musud وأرى أن هذه من خطأ الطباعة. ويجب أن تكتب بوزن الكلمة الأخرى التي ذكرها في هذه المادة وهي مبختّ.
مَسْعُودي: صفة نوع جيد من العسل في مكة (ابن جبير ص120).
مساعدة: قبول، رضى، موافقة (هلو).

سعد

1 سَعِدَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K;) and سُعِدَ; (S, A, Msb, K;) inf. n. of the former, (Msb,) or of the latter, (MA,) or of both, (TA,) سَعْدٌ, (MA, Msb, TA,) and of the former, (MA,) or of both, (TA,) سَعَادَةٌ, (MA, TA,) or this latter is a simple subst.; (Msb;) He (a man, S, A, Msb) was, or became, prosperous, fortunate, happy, or in a state of felicity; (S, MA, Msb, TA;) contr. of شَقِىَ; (S, * Msb, K *) with respect to religion and with respect to worldly things. (Msb.) You say, سَعِدْتُ بِهِ and سُعِدْتُ [I was, or became, prosperous, &c., by means of him, or it]. (A.) In the Kur xi. 110, Ks read سُعِدُوا [instead of the common reading سَعِدُوا]. (S.) [See also سَعَادَةٌ, below.] b2: And سَعَدَ يَوْمُنَا, aor. ـَ inf. n. سُعُودٌ (S, K) and سَعْدٌ, (K,) Our day was, or became, prosperous, fortunate, auspicious, or lucky; (S, K;) [contr. of نَحِسَ; and in like manner the verb is used in relation to a star or an asterism &c.; and] سُعِدَ, inf. n. سَعْدٌ, signifies [likewise] the contr. of نُحِسَ. (Mgh.) [See also سُعُودَةٌ, below.] b3: سَعَدَ المَآءُ فِىالأَرْضِ means The water came upon the land unsought; i. e., came flowing [naturally] upon the surface of the land, not requiring a machine to raise it for the purpose of irrigation. (TA, from a trad.) A2: See also 4, in three places.3 ساعدهُ, (A, L, Msb,) inf. n. مُسَاعَدَةٌ (S, L, Msb) and سِعَادٌ; (L;) and ↓ اسعدهُ, (K,) inf. n. إِسْعَادٌ; (S;) He aided, assisted, or helped, him; syn. of the former عَاوَنَهُ, (S, * L, Msb,) and of the latter أَعَانَهُ: (S, * K:) [like as is said of عَاوَنَهُ and أَعَانَهُ,] both signify the same: or مُسَاعَدَةٌ signifies the aiding, or assisting, or helping, in any manner or case; and is said to be from a man's putting his arm, or hand, upon the سَاعِد [or fore arm] of his companion when they walk together to accomplish some object of want, and aid each other to do a thing: [so that سَاعَدَهُ more properly signifies he aided him, being aided by him: but see سَاعِدٌ:] whereas ↓ إِسْعَادٌ signifies specially a woman's aiding, assisting, or helping, another to wail for a dead person: so says El-Khattábee: and this is what is meant in a trad. in which اسعاد is forbidden. (L.) One says, ساعدهُ عَلَيْهِ [He aided, assisted, or helped him against him, or it, or to do it]: and النَّائِحَةُ الثَّكْلَى ↓ أَسْعَدَتِ The wailing-woman assisted the woman bereft of her child to weep and wail. (A.) Accord. to Fr, [but this is questionable,] the primary signification of مُسَاعَدَةٌ and ↓ إِسْعَادٌ is A man's performing diligently the command and good pleasure of God. (L.) 4 اسعدهُ اللّٰهُ, [inf. n. إِسْعَادٌ,] God rendered him prosperous, fortunate, happy, or in a state of felicity; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ سَعَدَهُ, aor. ـَ (T, Msb, TA;) but the former is the more common. (Msb.) And اسعد اللّٰهُ جَدَّهُ, (A, L,) God made his good fortune to increase; as also ↓ سَعَدَ جَدَّهُ. (L.) And accord. to Az, اسعدهُ اللّٰهُ and ↓ سَعَدَهُ signify God aided, assisted, or helped, him; and accommodated, adapted, or disposed, him to the right course. (L, TA.) See also 3, in four places.5 تسعّد He sought after the plant called سَعْدَان. (K.) 10 استسعد بِهِ He deemed it, or reckoned it, fortunate, auspicious, or lucky. (K.) You say, استسعد بِرُؤْيَةِ فُلَانٍ He deemed, or reckoned, the sight of such a one fortunate, auspicious, or lucky. (S.) b2: He became fortunate by means of him, or it. (MA.) b3: He sought good fortune by means of him, or it. (MA.) b4: [And استسعدهُ He desired, or demanded, his aid or assistance: for] اِسْتِسْعَادٌ also signifies the desiring, or demanding, aid or assistance [of another]. (KL.) سَعْدٌ an inf. n. of سَعِدَ, (Msb,) or of سُعِدَ, (MA,) or of both: (TA:) and of سَعَدَ: (K, TA:) [and also used as a simple subst.:] see سَعَادَةٌ [with which it is syn.]: and see also سُعُودَةٌ [with which it is likewise syn.]; i. q. يُمْنٌ. (S, A.) b2: It is also an inf. n. used as an epithet, i. e. Prosperous, fortunate, auspicious, or lucky, applied to a day, and to a star or an asterism [&c.: so that it may be used alike as masc. and fem. and sing. and pl.: but it is also used as originally an epithet, forming its fem. with ة; and in this case it has for pl. of mult. سُعُودٌ and pl. of pauc.

أَسْعُدٌ]: you say يَوْمٌ سَعْدٌ, as well as يَوْمُ سَعْدٍ [in which it is used as a subst.]; and كَوْكَبٌ سَعْدٌ: and IJ mentions لَيْلَةٌ سَعْدَةٌ, in which سَعْدَةٌ is like جَعْدَةٌ as fem. of جَعْدٌ. (L.) b3: [Hence,] السَّعْدَانِ is an appellation of The two planets Venus and Mercury: like as [the contr.] النَّحْسَانِ is applied to Saturn and Mars. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA in art. نحس.) b4: And [hence, also,] سَعْدٌ is an appellation given to Each of ten asterisms, (S, L, K,) four of which are in the signs of Capricornus and Aquarius, (S, L,) and are Mansions of the Moon: pl. [of mult.] سُعُودٌ (S, L, K) and سُعُدٌ; but the former is the more known, and more agreeable with analogy; and pl. of pauc. أَسْعُدٌ: (L:) they are distinguished by the following names: — سَعْدُ الذَّابِحِ, (S, L, K,) [or سَعْدٌ الذَّابِحُ, see art. ذبح,] Two stars near together, one of which is called الذابح because with it is a small obscure star, almost close to it, and it seems as though the former were about to slaughter it; and الذابح is a little brighter that it; (Ibn-Kunáseh;) they are the two stars α and β] which are in one of the horns of Capricornus; so called because of the small adjacent star, which is said to be the sheep (شاة) of الذابح, which he is about to slaughter; the Twenty-second Mansion of the Moon: (Kzw:) [see also art. ذبح:] b5: سَعْدُ بُلَعَ (S, L, K) Two obscure stars, lying obliquely, of which Aboo-Yahyà says, the Arabs assert that they rose [at dawn] when God said, يَا أَرْضُ ابْلَعِى مَآءَكِ [Kur xi. 46]; and said to be thus called because one of them seems as though about to swallow the other, on account of its nearness to it: (Ibn-Kunáseh:) or three stars [app. ε and μ with the star of the same magnitude next to them on the north] on [or rather near] the left hand of Aquarius; [the Twenty-third Mansion of the Moon:] (Kzw, descr. of Aquarius:) [See also art. بلع:] b6: سَعْدُ السُّعُودِ (S, L, K) Two stars, the most approved of the سُعُود, and therefore thus named, resembling سعد الذابح [app. a mistake for سَعْدُ البَارِعِ, or some other سعد, not of the Mansions of the Moon,] in the time of their [auroral] rising; (Ibn-Kunáseh;) the star β] which is on the left shoulder-joint of Aquarius, together with the star δ] in the tail of Capricornus; [the Twentyfourth Mansion of the Moon:] (Kzw, descr. of Aquarius:) or a certain solitary bright star: (S:) b7: سَعْدُ الأَخْبِيَةِ (S, L, K) [also called الأَخْبِيَةُ and الخِبَآءُ (see خِبَآءٌ in art. خبى)] Three stars, not in the track of the other سُعُود, but declining from it [a little], in, or respecting, which there is a discordance; they are neither very obscure nor very bright; and are thus called because, when they rise [aurorally], the venomous or noxious reptiles of the earth, such as scorpions and serpents, come forth from their holes; (Ibn-Kuná- seh;) [and this observation is just; for this asterism, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, rose aurorally, in Central Arabia, on the 24th of February, O. S., after the end of the cold season: see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل:] or it consists of three stars, like the three stones upon which the cooking-pot is placed, with a fourth below one of them; (S;) the star [g] that is on the right arm, together with the three stars ζ, η, and π,] on the right hand of Aquarius: so called because, when it rises [aurorally], the venomous or noxious reptiles that have hidden themselves beneath the ground by reason of the cold appear: (Kzw, descr. of Aquarius; [in some copies, incorrectly, for “ that have hidden themselves,” &c., “ hide themselves beneath the ground by reason of the cold: ”]) it is said that the سعد is one star, the brightest of four, the other three of which are obscure; and it is [correctly] said to be called thus because, when it rises [aurorally], the venomous or noxious reptiles that are hidden beneath the ground come forth: it is the Twenty-fifth Mansion of the Moon: (Kzw, descr. of the Mansions of the Moon:) b8: the following are the other سعود, which are not Mansions of the Moon: (S, L, K:) b9: سَعْدُ نَاشِرَةَ (S, L, K) [Two stars, situate, accord. to Ideler, as is said in Freytag's Lex., in the tail of Capricornus]: b10: سَعْدُ المَلِكِ (S, L, K) The two stars [a and o?] on the right shoulder of Aquarius: (Kzw:) b11: سَعْدُ البِهَامِ (S, L, K) The two stars ε and θ?] on the head of Pegasus: (Kzw: [but ii. the copies of his work the name is written سَعْدُ البَهَائِمِ:]) b12: سَعْدُ الهُمَامِ (S, L, K) The two stars ζ and 31 ?] on the neck of Pegasus: (Kzw:) سَعْدُ البَارِعِ (S, L, K) The two stars near together μ and and λ?] in the breast of Pegasus: (Kzw:) b13: سَعْدُ مَطَرٍ (S, L, K) The two stars η and ο ?] on the right [or left ?] knee of Pegasus: (Kzw: but there called سَعْدُ المَطَرِ:) b14: each سعد of these six consists of two stars: between every two stars, as viewed by the eye, is [said to be] a distance of a cubit, (ذِرَاع,) (S, L,) or about a cubit; (K;) [but this is not correct;] and they are disposed in regular order. (S, L.) b15: It is also the name of A certain object of idolatrous worship that belonged to the sons of Milkán (S, K) the son of Kináneh, (S,) in a place on the shore of the sea, adjacent to Juddeh. (TA.) A poet says, وَهَلْ سَعْدُ إِلَّا صَخْرَةٌ بِتَنُوفَةٍ

مِنَ الأَرْضِ لَا تَدْعُو لِغَىٍّ وَلَا رُشْدِ [And is Saad aught but a mass of rock in a desert tract of the earth, not inviting to error nor to a right course?]. (S, TA.) Hudheyl is said to have worshipped it in the Time of Ignorance. (TA.) b16: بِنْتُ سَعْدٍ is metonymically used as meaning (tropical:) The virginity, or hymen, of a girl or woman. (TA.) b17: ↓ أَسَعْدٌ أَمْ سُعَيْدٌ, meaning (tropical:) Is it a thing liked or a thing disliked? (S, A, K,) is a prov., (S, A,) which [is said to have] originated from the fact that Saad and So'eyd, [the latter name erroneously written in some copies of the S and K سَعِيد,] the two sons of Dabbeh the son of Udd, went forth (S, K, TA) to seek some camels belonging to them, (TA,) and Saad returned, but So'eyd was lost, and his name became regarded as unlucky: (S, K, TA:) Dabbeh used to say this when he saw a dark object in the night: and hence it is said in allusion to care for one's relation; and in inquiring whether a good or an evil event have happened. (TA.) [The saying may also be rendered, Is it a fortunate thing or a little fortunate thing?] b18: سَعْدَيْكَ, in the saying لَبَّيْكَ وَسَعْدَيْكَ, signifies Aiding Thee after aiding [i. e. time after time]; syn. إِسْعَادًا لَكَ بَعْدَ إِسْعَادٍ: (ISk, T, S, L, K:) or aiding Thee and then aiding: (Ahmad Ibn-Yahyà, L:) or aiding thy cause after aiding [i. e. time after time]: (T, L:) and hence it is in the dual number: (IAth, L:) El-Jarmee says that it has no sing.; and Fr says the same of it, and also of لَبَّيْكَ: it is in the accus. case as an inf. n. governed by a verb understood. (L.) It occurs in the form of words preceding the recitation of the Opening Chapter of the Kur-án in prayer, لَبَّيْكَ وَسَعْدَيْكَ وَالخَيْرُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ وَالسَّرُّ لَيْسَ إِلَيْكَ [meaning I wait intent upon thy service, or upon obedience to Thee, time after time, and upon aiding thy cause time after time; and good is before Thee, and evil is not imputable to Thee]. (L, TA.) A2: Also The third part of the لَبِنَة [or gore] (K, TA) of a shirt: (TA:) [the dim.] ↓ سُعَيْدٌ signifies the fourth part thereof. (K, TA.) سُعْدٌ and ↓ سُعَادَى A certain kind of perfume, (S, K,) well known: (K:) or the former is pl. of ↓ سُعْدَةٌ, [or rather a coll. gen. n. of which سُعْدَةٌ is the n. un.,] and this last is [the name of] a certain kind of sweet-smelling root; it is a rhizoma (أَرُومَة), round, black, hard, like a knot; which forms an ingredient in perfumes and medicines: (AHn:) and ↓ سُعَادَى is the name of its plant; (Lth, AHn;) and its pl. is سُعَادَيَاتٌ: (AHn:) or the سُعْد is a certain plant having a root (أَصْل) beneath the ground, black, and of sweet odour: and the ↓ سُعَادَى is another plant: (Az:) [in the present day, the former of these two names (سُعْد) is applied to a species of cyperus: a species thereof is termed by Forskål (in his Flora Aegypt. Arab, pp. lx. and 14,) cyperus complanatus; and he writes its Arabic name “ sæad ” and “ sææd: ”] it has a wonderful efficacy applied to ulcers, or sores, that heal with difficulty. (K.) سُعُدٌ A certain sort of dates. (K, TA.) سُعْدَةٌ: see سُعْدٌ [of which it is the n. un.].

دُرُوعٌ سَعْدِيَّةٌ Coats of mail of the fabric of a town called السَّعْدُ. (TA.) سَعْدَانٌ, in which the ن is an augmentative letter, because there is not in the language any word of the measure فَعْلَالٌ except خَزْعَالٌ and قَهْقَارٌ unless it is of the reduplicative class, (S,) A certain plant, (S, K,) growing in the plain, or soft, tracts, (TA,) one of the best kinds of the pastures of camels, (S, K,) as long as it continues fresh; (TA;) having [a head of] prickles, (T, S, K,) called حَسَكَةُ السَّعْدَانِ, (T, S,) to which the nipple [or the areola] of a woman's breast is likened: (S, K: [see سَعْدَانَةٌ, below:]) the Arabs say that the camels that yield the sweetest milk are those that eat this plant: (TA:) and they fatten upon it: (Az, TA:) it is of the kind of plants called أَحْرَار [pl. of حُرٌّ, meaning slender, and succulent or soft or sweet], dust-coloured, and sweet, and eaten by everything that is not large, [as well as by camels,] and it is one of the most wholesome kinds of pasture: (AHn, TA:) it is a herb, or leguminous plant, having a round fruit with a prickly face, which, when it dries, falls upon the ground on its back, and when a person walking treads upon it, the prickles wound his foot: it is one of the best of their pastures in the days of the رِبيع, and sweetens the milk of the camels that feed upon it; for it is sweet as long as it continues fresh; and in this state men such it and eat it: (Az, L:) the n. un. is with ة. (TA.) Hence the prov., مَرْعًى وَلَا كَالسَّعْدَانِ [Pasture, but not like the سعدان]: (S, K:) said of a thing possessing excellence, but surpassed in excellence by another thing; or of a thing that excels other things of the like kind. (TA.) b2: Also The prickles of the palm-tree. (AHn, TA.) سُعْدَانَ, like سُبْحَانَ, is a name for الإِسْعَاد [inf. n. of 4, and, like سبحان, invariable, being put in the accus. case in the manner of an inf. n.]: one says, سُبْحَانَهُ وَسُعْدَانَهُ, meaning أُسَبِّحُهُ وَأُطِيعُهُ [i. e. I declare, or celebrate, or extol, his (i. e. God's) remoteness, or freedom, from every imperfection, or impurity, &c., (see art. سبح,) and I render Him obedience, or aid his cause]. (K, TA.) سَعْدَانَةٌ n. un. of سَعْدَانٌ. (TA.) b2: سَعْدَانَةُ الثَّنْدُوَةِ The nipple of a woman's breast; as being likened to the [head of] prickles of the plant called سَعْدَان, as mentioned above: (S, K:) or سَعْدَانَةُ الثَّدْىِ, i. e. the blackness [or areola] around the nipple: (A:) or the part surrounding the ثَدْى [here meaning nipple], like the whirl of a spindle. (TA.) b3: [Hence likewise,] سَعْدَانَةٌ signifies also The knot of the شِسْع [or appertenance that passes between two of the toes and through the sole] of the sandal, (S, A, K,) beneath, (A, K,) next the ground; (S;) also called رُغْبَانَةٌ. (K in art. رغب.) b4: And The knot beneath the scale of a balance: (K, * TA:) the knots beneath the scale of a balance (S, A) are called its سَعْدَانَات. (A.) b5: And the pl., سَعْدَانَاتٌ, Things in the lower parts of the [tendons, or sinews, called] عُجَايَة, resembling nails (أَظْفَار). (S, K.) b6: Also the sing., The callous protuberance upon the breast of the camel, (S, A, K,) upon which he rests when he lies down: (A, TA:) so called because of its roundness. (TA.) b7: and The anus: (K:) or the sphincter thereof. (TA.) b8: And The part of the vulva of a mare where the veretrum enters. (TA.) A2: Also A pigeon: or السَّعْدَانَةُ is the name of a certain pigeon. (K, *, TA.) سَعِيدٌ, applied to a man, (S, Msb,) Prosperous, fortunate, happy, or in a state of felicity; (T, S, A, Msb, K;) with respect to religion and with respect to worldly things; (Msb;) as also ↓ مَسْعُودٌ: (A, * K:) or the latter signifies, (T, S, Msb,) or signifies also, (K,) and so may the former signify, (T, TA,) rendered prosperous, fortunate, happy, or in a state of felicity, by God; (T, S, Msb, K;) irregularly derived from أَسْعَدَهُ, (S, * K * MF,) or regularly from سَعَدَهُ: (T, Msb:) one should not say مُسْعَدٌ: (S, K:) fem. of the former [and latter] with ة: (TA:) pl. of the former سُعَدَآءُ, (A, Msb, TA,) and, accord. to Lh, سَعِيدُونَ and أَسَاعِدُ; but ISd says, I know not whether he mean [of] the [proper] name or of the epithet; but أَسَاعِدُ as pl. of سَعِيدٌ is anomalous: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ مَسْعُودٌ is [مَسْعُودُونَ and] مَسَاعِيدُ. (A, TA.) A2: Also A نَهْر [i. e. river, or rivulet, or canal of running water,] (K, TA) that irrigates the land in the parts adjacent to it, when it is appropriated thereto: or a small نَهْر: the نَهْر for irrigation of a tract of seed-produce: pl. سُعُدٌ. (TA.) سُعَيْدٌ: see سَعْدٌ, [of which it is the dim.,] in the last quarter of the paragraph, in two places.

سَعَادَةٌ an inf. n. of سَعِدَ (MA, TA) and of سُعِدَ, (TA,) or a simple subst., (Msb,) Prosperity, good fortune, happiness, or felicity, of a man; (S, Msb, K;) contr. of شَقَاوَةٌ; (S, Msb, * K;) with respect to religion and with respect to worldly things: (Msb:) [and so ↓ سَعْدٌ used as a simple subst.:] it is of two kinds; أُخْرَاوِيَّةٌ [relation to the world to come] and دُنْيَاوِيَّةٌ [relating to the present world]: and the latter is of three kinds; نَفْسِيَّةٌ [relating to the soul] and بَدَنِيَّةٌ [relating to the body] and خَارِجِيَّةٌ [relating to external circumstances]. (Er-Rághib, TA in art. شقو.) [See also what next follows.]

سُعُودَةٌ Prosperousness, fortunateness, auspiciousness, or luckiness, (S, L,) of a day, and of a star or an asterism [&c.]; (L;) [as also ↓ سَعْدٌ used as a simple subst.;] contr. of نُحُوسَةٌ. (S, L.) السَّعِيدَةُ A temple to which the Arabs (K, TA) of the tribe of Rabeea (TA) used to perform pilgrimage, (K, TA,) at [Mount] Ohod, in the Time of Ignorance. (TA.) سُعَادَى: see سُعْدٌ, in three places.

سَعِيدِيَّةٌ A sort of garments of the kind called بُرُود, of the fabric of El-Yemen: (S, K:) app. so called in relation to the mountains of BenooSa'eed. (TA.) b2: And حُلَّةٌ سَعِيدِيَّةٌ [A certain kind of dress]: so called in relation to Sa'eed Ibn-El-'Ás, whom, when a boy, or young man, the Prophet clad with a حُلَّة, the kind of which was thence thus named. (Har. p. 596.) سَاعِدٌ The fore arm (ذِرَاع) of a man; (K;) the part of the arm from the wrist to the elbow; (T, L;) or from elbow to the hand: (Mgh, Msb:) so called because it aids the hand in seizing a thing (T, Msb) or taking it (T) and in work: (Msb:) or it signifies, (S,) or signifies also, (Msb,) the upper arm, or upper half of the arm, from the elbow to the shoulder-blade, syn. عَضُدٌ, [q. v.,] (S, Msb,) of a man: (S:) [and in like manner, of a beast, both the fore shank and the arm:] in some one or more of the dialects, the upper of the زَنْدَانِ [which may mean either the upper arm or the radius]; the ذِرَاع being the lower of them [which may mean either the “ fore arm ” or the “ ulna ”]: (L, TA:) of the masc. gender: (Msb:) pl. سَوَاعِدُ. (T, Mgh, Msb, TA.) One says, شَدَّ اللّٰهُ عَلَى سَاعِدِكَ and سَوَاعِدِكُمْ [May God strengthen thy fore arm and aid thee, and your fore arms and aid you]. (A, TA.) b2: and hence, [A kind of armlet;] a thing that is worn upon the fore arm, of iron or brass or gold. (Mgh.) b3: [Hence also,] سَاعِدَا الطَّائِرِ (assumed tropical:) The two wings of the bird. (S, K.) b4: And السَّوَاعِدُ (tropical:) The anterior, or primary, feathers of the wing: so in the phrase, طَائِرٌ شَدِيدُ السَّوَاعِدِ (tropical:) [A bird strong in the anterior, or primary, feathers of the wing]. (A, TA.) b5: Also the sing., (assumed tropical:) A chief, upon whom people rely. (TA.) b6: And the pl., سَوَاعِدُ, (tropical:) The channels in which water runs to a river or small river (نَهْر), (S, A, K,) or to a sea or large river (بَحْر); (AA, S, K;) the sing. said by AA to be سَاعِدٌ, without ة: or this latter signifies a channel in which water runs to a valley, and to a sea or large river (بَحْر): or the channel in which a large river (بَحْر) runs to small rivers (أَنْهَار). (L.) And (tropical:) The places from which issues the water of a well: the channels of the springs thereof. (L.) b7: Also (assumed tropical:) The medullary cavities; the ducts through which runs the marrow in a bone. (S, K.) b8: And (tropical:) The ducts (AA, A, TA) in the udder (A, TA) from which the milk comes (AA, A, TA) to the orifice of the teat; as being likened to the سواعد of the بَحْر: (AA, TA:) the قَصَب of the udder: (As, TA:) or سَاعِدٌ signifies the orifice of a she-camel's teat, from which the milk issues: and سَاعِدُ الدَّرِّ, a duct by which the milk descends to the she-camel's udder: and in like manner سَاعِدٌ signifies a duct that conveys the milk to a woman's breast or nipple. (TA.) b9: أَمْرٌ ذُو سَوَاعِدَ means (tropical:) An affair having several modes, or manners, [in which it may be per-formed,] and several ways of egress therefrom. (A, TA.) سَاعِدَةٌ The bone of the shank. (TA.) b2: and A piece of wood, (K, TA,) set up, (TA,) that holds the pulley. (K, TA.) A2: سَاعِدَةُ is a name of The lion: (S, K:) imperfectly decl., like أُسَامَةُ. (TA.) أَسْعَدُ [More, and most, prosperous or fortunate or happy; an epithet applied to a man:] masc. of سُعْدَى: (S, K:) but IJ says that سُعْدَى as an epithet has not been heard. (TA.) A2: Also A [cracking of the skin, such as is termed] شُقَاق, resembling mange, or scab, that happens to a camel, and in consequence of which he becomes decrepit, (K, TA,) and weak. (TA.) مَسْعُودٌ: see سَعِيدٌ, in two places.

رم

ى1 رَمَى الشَّىْءَ, (T, * S, M, K,) aor. ـْ (T,) inf. n. رَمْىٌ; (T, M;) and رَمَى بِهِ; (M, K;) He threw, cast, or flung, the thing, (S, K,) مِنْ يَدِهِ from his hand; (S, TA;) as also ↓ ارمى; (M, K;) i. e. ارمى الشَّىْءَ مِنْ يَدِهِ: (M: [in the K it is implied that one says also بَهِ ↓ ارمى; agreeably with a phrase mentioned in what follows:]) you say, الحَجَرَ مِنْ يَدِى ↓ أَرْمَيْتُ I threw the stone from my hand: (S:) and الفَرَسُ بِرَاكِبِهِ ↓ ارمى

The horse threw, or threw down, [i. e. threw off,] his rider: (T:) رَمَيْتُ الرَّجُلَ is said إِذَا رَمَيْتَهُ بِيَدِكَ; [i. e., as meaning رَمَيْتُهُ بِيَدِى; which may be rendered I threw him (the man) with my hand; and also I threw, or shot, at him (the man) with my hand;] but when you remove him from his place, you say, عَنِ الفَرَسِ وَغَيْرِهِ ↓ أَرْمَيْتُهُ [I threw him, or threw him down or off, from the horse &c.]: (Msb:) and عَنْ فَرَسِهِ ↓ طَعَنَهُ فَأَرْمَاهُ, meaning [He thrust him, or pierced him, with his spear,] and threw him, or threw him down [or off], from his horse: (El-Fárábee, S, Msb:) and الحِمْلَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ البَعِيرِ ↓ أَرْمَيْتُ I threw down the load from the back of the camel. (T.) وَمَا رَمَيْتَ

إِذْ رَمَيْتَ وَلٰكِنَّ اللّٰهَ رَمَى, in the Kur [viii. 17], is said by Aboo-Is-hák to be tropical, and to mean (tropical:) And thou didst not cast [in effect, or] so as to attain the point that was attained, [when thou didst cast,] but God [cast in effect, i. e.,] overruled the casting: or, accord. to Abu-l-' Abbás, the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) thou didst not cast fear, or terror, into their hearts, when thou didst cast the pebbles, [but God cast the fear, or terror:] or, accord. to Mbr, (assumed tropical:) thou didst not cast with thy strength, when thou didst cast, but with the strength of God thou didst cast [so that in effect God cast]. (T. [See also another explanation in what follows.]) b2: [رَمَى بِسَلْحِهِ He cast forth his excrement, or ordure, or properly, in a thin state, is a phrase of frequent occurrence.] b3: You say also, رَمَيْتُ بِالسَّهْمِ [I shot the arrow], inf. n. رَمْىٌ and رِمَايَةٌ. (S.) And رَمَى عَنِ القَوْسِ, (S, M, Msb,) or رَمَى السَّهْمَ عَن القَوْسِ, (Mgh, * K,) and عَلَيْهَا, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. رَمْىٌ (Mgh, Msb, K) and رِمَايَةٌ, (Mgh, K,) [He shot, or shot the arrow, from, and upon, meaning with, the bow;] and accord. to El-Ghooree, بِهَا also; (Mgh;) but one should not say رَمَى بِهَا, (S, M, Msb, K,) unless meaning “ he threw it from his hand; ”

though some make it to mean [رَمَى عَنْهَا or] رَمَى

عَلَيْهَا, making the ب to be instead of عن or على. (Msb.) b4: And رَمَى القَنَصَ, (S, M,) or الصَّيْدَ, [He shot, or shot at, the animal, or animals, of the chase,] inf. n. رَمْىٌ and رِمَايَةٌ, (Msb,) or رَمْىٌ, and none other. (M.) [And رَمَاهُ بِكَذَا He threw at him, cast at him, or shot at him, with such a thing; i. e. he threw it, cast it, or shot it, at him: and, more commonly, he threw at him, or cast at him, and hit him, or he shot him, with such a thing: namely, with a stone, an arrow, &c. and رَمَاهُ بِحِجَارَةً He threw at him with stones, threw stones at him: and he pelted him with stones, i. e. threw at him and hit him with stones.] and رَمَى فِى الأَغْرَاضِ [He shot, or cast, at the butts]. (ISk, T, S, M.) b5: [Hence,] one says, in cursing a person, رَمَى اللّٰهُ فِى يَدِهِ, and أَنْفِهِ, (assumed tropical:) [May God aim at, and smite, with some bane, or malady, his hand, or arm, and his nose,] and in like manner in relation to other members. (M, K. *) [And رَمَاهُ اللّٰهُ بِكَذَا, sometimes meaning (assumed tropical:) God smote him, or afflicted him, with such a thing: but generally, may God smite him, or afflict him, with such a thing; as in the saying,] رَمَاهُ اللّٰهُ بِدَآءِ الذِّئْبِ (assumed tropical:) [May God smite him, or afflict him, with the disease of the wolf]; a prov., meaning may God destroy him, or cause him to perish; because [it is said that] the wolf has no disease but death: or, as some say, the meaning is, رَمَاهُ اللّٰهُ بِالجُوعِ [may God afflict him with hunger]; because the wolf is always hungry. (Meyd.) and رَمَاهُ بِدَاهِيَةٍ (assumed tropical:) [He (God) sent upon him, or against him,. or smote him with, a calamity: and also] (assumed tropical:) he (a man) made a very sagacious and crafty and politic man to be his assailant. (L in art. حجر. [See also, in that art., رُمِىَ فُلَانٌ بِحَجِرِ الأَرْضِ, and بِحَجَرِهِ.]) [And رَمَاهُ بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) He assailed him with such a thing; as, for instance, reproach, and an argument, &c. Hence,] رَمَاهُ بِقَبِيحٍ, (TA,) or بِأَمْرٍ قَبِيحٍ, (IAar, T,) or بِالقَبِيحِ, (Msb,) (assumed tropical:) He reproached him, or upbraided him, with a thing, or with that, which was bad, evil, abominable, or foul: (IAar, T, Msb, TA:) whence the usage of the verb alone [in this sense, adultery being understood,] in the Kur xxiv. 4 and 6. (T, TA.) [And رَمَاهُ بِسُوْءٍ (assumed tropical:) He cast an evil imputation upon him; accused him, or suspected him, of evil: see مَرْمِىٌّ. And رَمَاهُ alone (assumed tropical:) He accused him, or suspected him.] And رَمَاهُ بِالحَقِّ (assumed tropical:) [He accused him with truth]. (L in art. قرح, in explanation of قَرَحَهُ بِالحَقِّ.) [And رَمَاهُ بِلِسَانِهِ (assumed tropical:) He spoke against him.] b6: رَمَى اللّٰهُ لَكَ means (tropical:) May God aid thee, or aid thee against thine enemy, and work [good] for thee: (AO, S, TA: *) and رَمَى اللّٰهُ لَهُ (tropical:) God aided him, or aided him against his enemy, (AAF, M, K, TA,) and wrought [good] for him: (AAF, M, TA:) and [it is said that] the verb has this meaning in the words of the Kur, وَمَا رَمَيْتَ إِذْ رَمَيْتَ وَلٰكِنَّ اللّٰهَ رَمَى

[of which other explanations have been given above]; because, when God aids a person against his enemy, He aims at, and smites, (يَرْمِى,) that enemy. (M, TA.) [In like manner, also, فُلَانٌ يَرْمِى مِنْ وَرَآءِ فُلَانٍ means (assumed tropical:) Such a one defends such a one.] b7: رُمِيتُ بِكَذَا (tropical:) I had such a thing offered, or presented, to me, the meeting with it being appointed, or prepared; [I had it as it were thrown to me, or thrown in my way; as though I were thrown at therewith;] like نُبِذْتُ بِهِ. (A in art. نبذ.) b8: رَمَانِى القَوْمُ بِأَبْصَارِهِمْ (assumed tropical:) The people, or party, [cast their eyes, on me: or] looked at me sideways, or did so with anger, or aversion: or looked at me hardly, or intently. (Mgh.) [And رَمَى بِبَصَرِهِ الأَرْضَ (assumed tropical:) He cast his eyes on the ground.] b9: رَمَى بِالقَوْمِ (assumed tropical:) He, or it, caused, or made, the people, or party, to go forth; expelled them; [or cast them forth;] from one country, or the like, to another. (M, TA.) [See also 6.]) [And رَمَى بِنَاقَتِهِ الفَلَاةَ (assumed tropical:) He urged forth his she-camel, or went forth with her, or journeyed with her, or directed his course with her, into the desert; agreeably with what precedes or with what follows.] رَمْىٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) The going forth from one country, or the like, to another. (Th, M, TA.) And رَمَى الرَّجُلُ (assumed tropical:) The man journeyed. (IAar, T, TA.) And Az says, (TA,) I heard an Arab of the desert say to another, أَيْنَ تَرْمِى, meaning (assumed tropical:) Whither dost thou direct thy course. (T, TA.) One says, رَأَيْتُ نَاسًا يَرْمُونَ الطَّائِفَ (assumed tropical:) I saw men directing their course to, or towards, Et-Táïf. (Har p. 54.) [See also an ex. in a verse of Dhu-r-Rummeh cited in p. 78.] b10: رَمَوْهَا بِأَثْوَابٍ خِفَافٍ, in a verse cited voce ثَوْبٌ, [They cast upon them light, or agile, bodies,] means they mounted them with their [light, or agile,] bodies; referring to camels. (T and TA in art. ثوب.) b11: رُمِىَ فِى جِنَازَتِهِ He has been carried, or lifted, and put, into, or upon, his bier, means (assumed tropical:) he died, or has died: (TA:) it is said in giving information of a man's death. (TA in art. جنز.) b12: [رَمَى also app. means (assumed tropical:) He (a governor) imposed an impost upon his subjects: see رَمِيَّةٌ.]

b13: And رَمَى, aor. ـْ means also (assumed tropical:) He misconjectured; thought wrongly; or formed a wrong opinion: (IAar, T:) [and app. he threw out a conjecture: or he spoke conjecturally; for Az adds,] it is like the phrase رَجْمًا بِالغَيْبِ [or رَجَمَ بِالغَيْبِ or قَالَ رَجْمًا بِالغَيْبِ]. (T.) b14: رَمَى السَّحَابُ: see 6. b15: رَمَى عَلَى الخَمْسِينَ: see 4.

A2: رَمُوَ is a verb of the same kind as قَضُوَ and هَيُؤَ, [invariable as to person, time, and mood,] and means Excel-lent [or how excellent] is he in his throwing, or shooting! (IJ, TA voce هَيُؤَ, q. v. [See also بَطُؤَ, voce بُطْآنَ.]) 3 رَامَيْتُهُ, (S, K,) and رَامَيْتُهُ بِالسِّهَامِ, (TA,) inf. n. مُرَامَاةٌ and رِمَآءٌ (T, S, K) and ↓ تَرْمَآءٌ, (K,) or this last is like the two preceding ns. [in meaning, but is a quasi-inf. n.], (T,) [I threw, or shot, (generally the latter,) and I shot arrows, with him, or at him; (see 6;) mostly meaning in competition, or contention; i. e. I competed, or contended, with him, in throwing, or shooting, and in shooting arrows: and رَامَيْتُهُ alone often means رَامَيْتُهُ بِالحِجَارَةِ, or بِالسِّهَامِ; whence it is said that] مُرَامَاةٌ signifies the shooting arrows, and throwing stones, with any one. (KL.) It is said in a prove., respecting an affair in which one is forward before doing it, قَبْلَ الرِّمَآءِ تُمْلَأُ الكَنَائِنُ [Before shooting arrows with another, or doing so in competition or contention, the quivers are to be filled]. (A 'Obeyd, T.) 4 أَرْمَىَ see 1, first sentence, in seven places: b2: and see also 6.

A2: ارمى, (M, Mgh,) inf. n. إِرْمَآءٌ, (Mgh,) also signifies It (a thing, Mgh) exceeded. (M, Mgh.) You say, ارمى عَلَيْهِ It (anything) exceeded it, namely, another thing. (M.) Hátim-Teiyi says, وَأَسْمَرَ خَطِّيًّا كَأَنَّ كُعُوبَهُ نَوَى القَسْبِ قَدْ أَرْمَى ذِرَاعًا عَلَى العَشْرِ [And a tawny spear of El-Khatt, as though its knots, or joints, were hard date-stones; one that exceeded a cubit over the ten]: (T, S:) i. e., قَدْ زَادَ عَلَيْهَا. (T.) And hence, (T,) you say, ارمى عَلَى الخَمْسِينَ, i. e. He exceeded [the age of fifty]; (Az, A 'Obeyd, T, S, M, K;) [like اربى;] as also ↓ رَمَى; (Az, T, S, M, K;) [for] رَمْىٌ signifies the exceeding in age: and one says also أَرْمَأَ and رَمَأَ in the same sense. (IAar, T.) and ارمى فُلَانٌ signifies the same as أَرْبَى [meaning Such a one took usury or the like]. (S.) See also رَمَآءٌ, below. You say also, سَابَّهُ فَأَرْمَى عَلَيْهِ, i. e. [He reciprocated reviling, or vilifying, with him, and] he exceeded him. (S.) 5 ترمّى He shot, or cast, at the butts, and at the trunks of trees. (ISk, T, S, M.) 6 تَرَامَيْنَا and ↓ اِرْتَمَيْنَا [We cast, or shot, (generally the latter,) one with another, or one at another; mostly meaning in competition, or contention; i. e. we competed, or contended, together in throwing, or shooting]: (S, K:) and ترامى القَوْمُ بِالسِّهَامِ and ↓ ارتموا The people, or party, shot arrows, [one with another, or] one at another. (T.) b2: [Hence,] ترامت بِهِ البِلَادُ (tropical:) The countries cast him forth, or expelled him; (M, K, TA;) [as though they bandied him, one to another;] as also ↓ ارتمت, (so in a copy of the M, [which I think correct,]) or ↓ ارمت. (K.) b3: And ترامى السَّحَابُ (assumed tropical:) The clouds became drawn, or joined, together, (M, K, TA,) [as though thrown, one at another,] and heaped, or piled, up; (TA;) as also ↓ رَمَى. (M, TA.) b4: And ترامى أَمْرُهُ إِلَى

الظَّفَرِ; or إِلَى الخِذْلَانِ; i. e. (assumed tropical:) [His affair, or case,] came eventually [to the attainment of what was desired, or sought; or to abandonment by God]. (T, K, TA.) Hence, (TA,) it is said in a trad., of Zeyd Ibn-Háritheh, سُبِىَ فِى الجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَتَرَامَى الأَمْرُ أَنْ صَارَلِخَدِيجَةَ, (T, TA,) i. e. (assumed tropical:) [He was made a captive in the Time of Ignorance, and the case] came eventually, and led, [to his becoming the property of Khadeejeh, (إِلَى being understood before أَنْ صَارَ,)] as though the decrees [of God] cast him thereto. (IAth, TA.) One says also, ترامى الأَمْرُ, meaning تَرَاخَى [i. e. (assumed tropical:) The affair was sluggish, or backward]: (K:) [or] one says of a [purulent swelling such as is termed]

حِيْن, (T,) or of a wound, (S,) ترامى إِلَى فَسَادٍ, (T,) or الى الفَسَادِ, (S,) i. e. (assumed tropical:) It was in a sluggish, or backward, state, (تَرَاخَى,) and became putrid and corrupt. (T.) And ترامى إِلَيْهِ الخَبَرُ (assumed tropical:) The news, or information, came to him; or came to him by degrees. (MA.) b5: ترامت سَفْرَتُهُ (assumed tropical:) His journey was, or became, distant, or far-extending. (Har p. 34.) b6: تراماهُ الشَّبَابُ Youthfulness, or youthful vigour, attained its full term [in him]. (Skr, M.) 8 ارتمى It was, or became, thrown, cast, or flung. (S, K, TA.) It fell to the ground: so in the saying, ارتمى الحِمْلُ عَنْ ظَهْرِ البَعِيرِ [The load fell to the ground, or it may mean was thrown down, from the back of the camel]. (T.) b2: Also He shot, or shot at, an animal, or animals, of the chase. (T, S, M.) b3: See also 6, in three places.

رَمْىٌ [originally an inf. n.]: see رَمِىٌّ.

رِمًى The sound of a stone (T, K) thrown at a boy (so accord. to a copy of the T) or thrown by a boy; (K;) on the authority of IAar. (T.) A2: رِمًا [thus written in the M]: see رَمَآءٌ.

رَمْيَةٌ A single throw, or cast, or fling: and a single shot: (Mgh, Msb, TA:) pl. رَمَيَاتٌ. (Msb, TA.) رُبَّ رَمْيَةٍ مِنْ غَيْرِ رَامٍ [Many a hitting shot, or scarce any hitting shot, is there without a skilled shooter] is a prov. [applied to the case of an unexpected success obtained by an inexperienced person;] meaning many a [hitting] shot, or scarce any [hitting] shot, originates from a shooter that [usually] misses. (Meyd) رَمَآءٌ, (S, IAth, K, in a copy of the T and in a copy of the S without any vowel-sign,) with fet-h and medd, (IAth, and so in a copy of the S, in which it is added that it is said by Ks to be with medd,) like سَمَآءٌ; (K;) or ↓ رِمَآءٌ; (Mgh, and so in a copy of the T;) or ↓ رِمًا, said by Lh to be formed by substitution [of م for ب, as is shown by what follows]; (M;) An excess, or an addition; i. e., (A 'Obeyd, T, Mgh,) i. q. رِبًا, (A 'Obeyd, T, S, M, K,) or رِبًوا, (Mgh, and thus written in some copies of the S and K, or in most of the copies of the K, [meaning usury, and the like,]) or an excess, or addition, over what is lawful. (T, IAth.) Hence the trad. of 'Omar, لَا تَبِيعُوا, (A 'Obeyd, T,) or he said لَا تَشْتَرُوا, (S,) الذَّهَبَ بِالفِضَّةِ إِلَّا يَدًا بِيَدٍ هَا وَهَا, [or هَأْ وَهَأْ, (see art. هوأ,)] or هَآء وَهَآء, [i. e. هَآءَ وَهَآءَ,] (accord. to different copies of the T and S,) adding, (T, S,) إِنِّى أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمُ الرمآءَ; (T, S, Mgh;) [i. e. Exchange not ye gold for silver, except it be done hand with hand, meaning, except there be no delay between the giving and receiving, take and take: verily I fear for you the practice of usury;] or he said, إِلَّا هَآءَ وَهَآءِ, meaning, except [by saying] take and give: (Az, TA in باب الالف الليّنة:) and, as some relate it, he said, انّى اخاف عليكم ↓ الإرْمَآءَ; [which means the same;] using the inf. n. (T, Mgh.) رِمَآءٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

رَمِىٌّ, applied to the male of the goat-kind, or mountain-goat, or of the gazelle, [and any male animal of the chase,] and likewise, without ة, to the female, i. q. ↓ مَرْمِىٌّ [i. e. Thrown at, or cast at, or shot at, or shot]: but when they do not distinguish a male from a female, the word applied to the male and to the female is [↓ رَمِيَّةٌ,] with ة [added لِلنَّقْلِ, i. e. to transfer it from the category of epithets to that of substantives]: or, accord. to Lh, رَمِىٌّ and ↓ رَمِيَّةٌ are both applied, as epithets, to the female; but the former is the more approved: the pl. of the former [and of the latter also] is رَمَايَا. (M, TA.) A2: Also, (M,) accord. to As, i. q. سَقِىٌّ, i. e., (T, S,) A cloud of which the rain-drops are large, and vehement in their fall, (T, S, M, K, *) of the clouds of the hot season and of the autumn: (S:) or, (M, K,) accord. to Lth, (T,) small portions of clouds, (T, M, K,) of the [apparent] size of the hand, or somewhat larger; but the approved explanation is that given by As: (T:) and ↓ رَمْىٌ is a dial. var. thereof: (TA:) the pl. is أَرْمِيَةٌ, (T, S, M, K,) like as that of سَقِىٌّ is أَسْقِيَةٌ, (S,) and أَرْمآءٌ, (Lth, T, M, K,) [each, properly, a pl. of pauc.,] and رَمَايَا. (M, K.) رَمِيَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. [As a subst.,] it signifies A thing, (S, M,) meaning (S) an animal (As, T, S, M, * Mgh, Msb) of the chase, (As, T, S,) that is thrown at, or cast at, or shot at, or shot, (As, T, S, M, Mgh, Msb,) by its pursuer; and any beast thrown at, cast at, shot at, or shot; (As, T;) applied to the male and the female: (As, T, Mgh, Msb:) it is originally a word of the measure فَعِلَيةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ: (Msb:) [or rather] it is made fem., (As, T,) [i. e.] it has ة, (S,) because it is made a subst., (As, T, S,) not an epithet: (As, T:) it is not مَرْمِيَّةٌ converted into رَمِيَّةٌ: (S:) or, accord. to Sb, the ة, in general, is affixed to show that the act has not yet been executed upon the object thereof; [so that the meaning is, an animal to be thrown at, cast at, shot at, or shot;] and thus ذَبِيحَةٌ is applied to “ a sheep, or goat, [to be slaughtered or sacrificed,] not yet slaughtered [or sacrificed]; ” but when the act has been executed upon it, it is [said to be] ذَبِيحٌ: (M:) the pl. is رَمِيَّاتٌ and رَمَايَا. (Msb.) One says, بِئْسَ الرَّمِيَّةُ الأَرْنَبُ, meaning Very bad is the thing of those that are [or are to be] thrown at, or cast at, or shot at, or shot, the hare. (S, M.) b2: Also, (assumed tropical:) An impost which the governor imposes [so I render مَا يَرْمِيهِ العَامِلُ] upon his subjects. (TA.) رِمِّيَّا, (S, TA,) thus correctly written, like عِمِّيَّا; in the copies of the K like عِمِيَّا, (TA,) [and in two copies of the T written رِمِيَّا; in a copy of the M, رِمِّيَا;] i. q. تَرَامٍ: (T, S: *) or مُرَامَاةٌ: (K:) or رَمْىٌ: (M:) or it is an intensive inf. n. from الرَّمْىُ, of the measure فِعِّيلَى, like هِجِّيَرى and خِصِّيصَى: (Nh, TA:) one says, كَانَتْ بَيْنَهُمْ رِمِّيَّا (T, * S, M, * TA) ثُمَّ حَجَزَتْ بَيْنَهُمْ حِجِّيزَى, (T,) or ثُمَّ صَارُوا إِلَى حِجِّيزَى, (S, TA,) i. e. There was between them a reciprocal throwing of stones, (T, TA,) [or shooting of arrows or the like, or a great, or vehement, throwing, &c.,] then there intervened between them [an intervention, or a vehement intervention, or] a person, or persons, who withheld them, one from another, (T,) or then they withheld themselves, [or withheld themselves much,] one from another. (TA.) رَامٍ act. part. n. of 1; (Lth, T, TA;) Throwing, &c.: (TA:) [pl. رُمَاةٌ.] b2: [Hence, الرَّامِى a name of The constellation Sagittarius; the ninth of the signs of the zodiac: thus called in the present day; but more commonly, القَوْسُ.] b3: [Hence likewise,] رَامٍ also signifies (assumed tropical:) [One who assails with reproach, &c.:] (assumed tropical:) one who reproaches, or upbraids; or who gives an ill name: (KL:) [(assumed tropical:) one who accuses, or suspects, another: see مَرْمِىٌّ.]

أَرْمَى [More, and most, skilled in throwing, or casting, or shooting]: see an ex. voce تِقْنٌ.

تَرْمَآءٌ: see 3 [of which it is a quasi-inf. n.].

مَرْمًى A place [of throwing, or casting, or] of shooting arrows; (KL;) the place of the butt at which arrows are shot: (TA:) [pl. مَرَامٍ.] b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) i. q. مَقْصِدٌ [meaning A place, and an object, to, or towards, which one directs his aim or course]: (TA, and Har p. 54:) pl. مَرَامٍ: (Har ibid.:) whence the trad., لَيْسَ وَرَآءَ اللّٰهِ مَرْمًى, i. e. (assumed tropical:) [There is not, beyond God,] any object (مَقْصِد) towards which to direct hopes. (TA.) مِرْمًى An instrument for throwing, or casting, or shooting: pl. مَرَامٍ. (Har p. 54.) [Hence,] مَرَامِى نِيرَانٍ [Engines for throwing fire upon the enemy]. (S and K voce حَرَّاقَةٌ.) [See also مِرْمَاةٌ.]

مَرْمَاةٌ i. q. غَلْوَةٌ [as meaning The limit of a shot or throw]. (K in art. غلو.) A2: See also the next paragraph.

مِرْمَاةٌ An arrow with which one shoots (As, IAar, T) at a butt: (As, T, Mgh:) an arrow with which one learns to shoot; (M, K, TA;) which is the worst kind of arrows: (TA:) or a small, weak arrow: (AHn, M, K:) or an arrow with its [head of] iron: (Th, TA in art. حسب:) or, like سِرْوَةٌ, a round arrow-head: (AA, [so in the S, but in the TA it is IAar,] S, TA:) [and app. a missile of any kind: (see مِرْدًى:)] pl. مَرَامٍ. (M.) When they see many مَرَامٍ in the quiver of a man, they say, وَنَبْلُ العَبْدِ أَكْثَرُهَا المَرَامِى

[And the arrows of the slave, most of them are those that are small and weak]: a prov., said to mean that the free man purchases arrows at a high price, buying the broad and long iron head, because he is a man of war and of the chase; but the slave is only a pastor, and therefore is content with what are termed مَرَامٍ, because they are cheaper if he buy them; and if he ask for them as a gift, no one gives him aught but a مِرْمَاة. (M.) [See also the last sentence of this paragraph.] b2: It is also used, tropically, as meaning (tropical:) A مَنْجَنِيق [or kind of engine for casting stones at the enemy; app. such as was called by the Romans “ onager,” or the like thereof]: because, like the مِرْمَاْة before mentioned, it is an instrument for casting, or shooting. (Mgh.) [See also مِرْمًى.] And [the pl.] مَرَامٍ also signifies (assumed tropical:) Thunderbolts; syn. صَوَاعِقُ. (Bd in xviii. 38.) b3: Also A cloven hoof (S, Mgh, K) of a sheep or goat; because it is of the things that are thrown away: (Mgh:) [or,] accord. to A 'Obeyd, (T, S,) a thing that is between the two hoofs of a sheep or goat; (T, S, M, K;) as also ↓ مَرْمَاةٌ: (A 'Obeyd, T, M, K:) thus, he says, it is explained; but I know not what is its meaning: (T, S:) its dual occurs in the following trad.: لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَهُمْ دُعِىَ

إِلَى مِرْمَاتَيْنِ لَأَجَابَ وَهُوَ لَا يُجِيبُ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ; (T, S; related also, with some variations, in the M and Mgh;) in which it is said to be the dual of مِرْمَاةٌ in the former of these two senses; [i. e. If any one of you were invited to partake of two hoofs of a sheep or goat, he would obey the invitation, but he will not obey the invitation to prayer;] (S, Mgh;) or, accord. to A 'Obeyd, it is here the dual of this word in the latter of the same two senses: (T, S:) accord. to IAar, (T, TA,) or Aboo-Sa'eed, it here means the kind of arrow called مِرْمَاةٌ: (T, Mgh, TA:) but in another, and similar, trad., مرماتين is followed by أَوْعَرْقٍ [i. e. “ or a bone with some meat remaining upon it ”]. (T, Z, TA.) مَرْمِىٌّ pass. part. n. of 1; Thrown, &c.: (TA:) [thrown at, or cast at, or shot at, or shot:] see رَمِىٌّ. b2: [Hence, (assumed tropical:) Smitten, or afflicted, with some bane, or malady, &c.: (assumed tropical:) assailed with reproach, &c.: (assumed tropical:) reproached, or upbraided, or stigmatized with an ill name: (assumed tropical:) accused, or suspected.] You say اِمْرَأَةٌ مَرْمِيَّةٌ بِسُوْءٍ (assumed tropical:) A woman accused, or suspected, of evil. (TA in art. رطم.) مُرْتَمٍ A scout (T, K) لِقَوْمٍ [to a people or party]: (T, K: *) and so مُرْتَبِئٌ. (T.)

فتح

1 فَتَحَ, (S, A, MA, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. فَتْحٌ, (Msb,) He opened, (MA,) i. q. فَرَجَ, (Msb,) and [app. he unlocked,] contr. of أَغْلَقَ, (Msb, K,) a door; (S, A, MA, Msb;) and so ↓ فتّح, and ↓ افتتح; (K;) or you say ↓ فَتَّحْتُ الأَبْوَابَ [I opened the doors], this verb being with teshdeed to denote multiplicity [of the objects]; (S;) and ↓ استفتح signifies the same as ↓ افتتح; (S, * K;) i. e. each of these signifies he opened a door; (TK;) you say الشَّىْءَ ↓ اِسْتَفْتَحْتُ and ↓ اِفْتَتَحْتُهُ [I opened the thing; and the former signifies also I sought, or demanded, the opening of the thing]; (S, TA;) and البَابَ ↓ جَآءَ يَسْتَفْتِحُ [He came opening the door; or seeking, or demanding, the opening of the door; the latter being the more obvious meaning]. (A, TA.) b2: [Hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ لَا يُفْتَحُ العَيْنُ عَلَى مِثْلِهِ [Such a one, the eye will not be opened upon the like of him]. (A.) b3: And فَتَحْتُ القَنَاةَ, inf. n. as above, I opened the conduit, in order that the water might run, and irrigate the seed-produce. (Msb.) b4: And فَتَحَ بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهِ [He made an opening between his legs; he parted his legs; like فَرَجَ بَيْنَهُمَا]. (S in art. رهو.) b5: And فَتَحَ أَصَابِعَ رِجْلَيْهِ [app. He parted his toes; if not a mistake for فَتَخَ, as it seems probably to be from the fact of its being expl. as meaning] he inclined the ends of his toes towards the back, i. e. the upper part, of his foot. (Mgh.) b6: فَتَحَتْ, said of a she-camel, [and of a sheep or goat (see فَتُوحٌ),] She had wide orifices to her teats; as also ↓ افتحت; (S, K;) and ↓ افتتحت. (TK: but this I do not find in the K.) b7: [The following meanings are tropical.] b8: فَتَحَ, (A, Msb, TA,) inf. n. فَتْحٌ; (K;) and ↓ افتتح; (K, TA;) (tropical:) [He laid open by invasion, to (عَلَى) such a person, or such a people, (see an ex. voce طَرَفٌ,) i. e.] he conquered, won, or took by force, (Msb,) a country (A, Msb, K, TA) of the unbelievers, (A, TA,) or of a people with whom there was war. (K, TA.) b9: [فَتَحَهُ لَهُ (assumed tropical:) He granted it, permitted it, allowed it, or made it to be unrestricted, to him. See Ksh and Bd in xxxv. 2.] b10: فَتَحَ المُشْكِلَ (assumed tropical:) He explained, or made clear, that which was dubious, or confused. (Bd in vii. 87.) And اِفْتَحْ سِرَّكَ عَلَىَّ لَا عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [Open, or reveal, thy secret to me; not to such a one]. (A, TA.) b11: [Hence,] فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He taught him, informed him, or acquainted him. (TA.) [You say, فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) He taught him such a thing, informed him of it, or acquainted him with it.] b12: And hence, (TA,) (tropical:) [He prompted him; i. e.] he recited to him (namely, an Imám, A, Msb, or a reciter, A, TA) what he was unable to utter [by reason of forgetfulness], in order that he might know it. (Msb, TA. *) And فَتَحَ عَلَى مَنِ اسْتَقْرَأَهُ (tropical:) [He recited something to him who desired him to do so, the latter being unable to do it]. (TA.) b13: And, said of God, (tropical:) He aided him against his enemy; or made him to be victorious, to conquer, or to overcome; syn. نَصَرَهُ. (A, Msb.) b14: فُتِحَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) Such a one became fortunate; possessed of good fortune; favoured by the world, or by worldly circumstances. (A, TA.) b15: فَتَحَ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فُتُوحًا كَثِيرَةً (tropical:) is said of persons who have been rained upon [as meaning God bestowed upon them many, or abundant, first rains]. (A.) b16: فَتَحَ بَيْنَهُمْ, (A,) or بَيْنَ النَّاسِ, (Msb,) or بَيْنَ الخَصْمَيْنِ, (K,) inf. n. فَتْحٌ, (T, Msb, K,) and فُتَاحَةٌ (S, * K) and فِتَاحَةٌ are syn. therewith [app. as inf. ns.], (K,) and فُتُوحَةٌ and فِتَاحٌ, (L,) in the dial. of Himyer, (TA,) He judged (T, Msb, K, TA) between them, (A,) or between the men, (Msb,) or between the two litigants. (K.) You say, اِفْتَحْ بَيْنَنَا Judge thou between us: (S:) thus in the Kur vii. 87. (TA.) And مَا أَحْسَنَ فِتَاحَتَهُ How good is his judging, or judgment ! (A.) b17: [فَتَحَ الحَرْفَ, a conventional phrase in grammar and lexicology, He pronounced the letter with the vowel-sound termed فَتْح: and he marked the letter with the sign of that vowel-sound.]2 فتّح: see 1, first sentence, in two places. b2: [Also, said of a medicine &c., It opened the bowels; acted as an aperient: and it removed obstructions: see the act. part. n.]3 فاتحهُ [He addressed him first]. One says, المُلُوكُ لَا تُفَاتَحُ بِالكَلَامِ (tropical:) [Kings shall not be addressed first with speech]. (A.) b2: And, (A, K, * TA,) inf. n. مُفَاتَحَةٌ and فِتَاحٌ, (assumed tropical:) He commenced a dispute, debate, discussion, or controversy, with him: (TA:) or (tropical:) he summoned him to the judge, and litigated with him. (A, K, * TA.) b3: And فاتحهُ signifies also (tropical:) He bargained with him and gave him nothing: in the case of his giving him, one says فاتكهُ. (IAar, TA; and O and K in art. فتك.) b4: And فاتح (assumed tropical:) He compressed (K, TA) his wife. (TA.) b5: [Also (assumed tropical:) He rendered a thing easy: b6: and (assumed tropical:) He was liberal. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)]4 أَفْتَحَ see 1, in the second quarter of the paragraph.5 تَفَتَّحَ see 7, in three places. [Hence,] تفتّح النَّوْرُ The blossom [or blossoms] opened. (MA.) and تفتّح الأَكِمَّةُ عَنِ النَّوْرِ The calyxes burst open [from over the blossoms, so as to disclose them]. (TA.) b2: [تفتّح فِى الكَلَامِ is like our phrase (assumed tropical:) He showed off, or made an ostentatious display, in speech, or talk.] And you say, تفتّح بِمَا عِنْدَهُ مِنْ مَالٍ أَوْ أَدَبٍ (L, in the K مِنْ مُلْكٍ وَأَدَبٍ,) (assumed tropical:) He boasted of, or boasted himself in, or made a vain display of, what he had, or possessed, of wealth, or of good education, or polite accomplishments: (L, K: *) and تفتّح بِهِ عَلَيْنَا (assumed tropical:) He boasted of it, or boasted himself in it, against us. (L.) 6 تَفَاتَحَا كَلَامًا بَيْنَهُمَا (assumed tropical:) They two talked together with a suppressed voice, exclusively of others [i. e. so as not to be heard by others]. (K.) 7 انفتح quasi-pass. of فَتَحَ, said of a door, (S, A, Msb, TA,) It opened, or became opened or open; (Msb;) as also ↓ تفتّح: (TA:) or the latter is quasi-pass. of فَتَّحَ, so that you say, الأَبْوَابُ ↓ تَفَتَّحَتِ [The doors opened, or became opened or open]. (S.) b2: And انفتح عَنْهُ It (anything) became removed from over it, or from before it, (i. e. another thing,) so as to disclose it, or expose it to view. (TA.) [And ↓ تفتّح has a similar meaning, but is properly said of a number of things.]8 إِفْتَتَحَ see 1, first sentence, in three places; and again, in the second quarter of the paragraph, in two places. b2: One says also, افتتح الصَّلَاةَ (tropical:) (A, MA) He opened, or commenced, prayer: (MA:) اِفْتِتَاحُ الصَّلَاةِ meaning (tropical:) The saying اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرْ the first time [in prayer, i. e., before the first recitation of the Opening Chapter of the Kur-án]. (TA.) And اِفْتَتَحْتُهُ بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) I commenced it with such a thing. (Msb.) And مَا أَحْسَنَ مَا افْتُتِحَ عَامُنَا بِهِ (tropical:) [How good is that with which our year has commenced !]; said when the sign, or token, [or prognostic,] of plenty, or abundance of herbage, has appeared. (A, TA.) 10 إِسْتَفْتَحَ see 1, first sentence, in three places. b2: آتِى بَابَ الجَنَّةِ فَأَسْتَفْتِحُ is a saying of Mohammad, meaning I shall come to the gate of Paradise and seek, or demand, or ask for, the opening thereof. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer, the first of the trads. mentioned therein, and thus expl. in the margin of a copy of that work.) b3: استفتحهُ القُرْآنَ (tropical:) He desired, or asked, him to explain the Kur-án. (MA.) b4: استفتحهُ الإِمَامُ (tropical:) [The Imám desired, or asked, him to prompt him; i. e., to recite to him what he was unable to utter by reason of forgetfulness: see فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ]. (A, TA.) b5: And استفتح signifies also (assumed tropical:) He sought, desired, demanded, or asked, aid against an enemy, or victory. (S, Msb, K.) One says, استفتح بِهِمْ (assumed tropical:) He sought, &c., aid, or victory, by means of them. (L, from a trad.) And استفتح اللّٰهَ (tropical:) (A, TA) He desired, or asked, God to grant aid, or victory, (TA,) لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَى الكُفَّارِ [to the Muslims against, or over, the unbelievers]. (A.) b6: Also (assumed tropical:) He sought, desired, demanded, or asked, judgment. (L.) فَتْحٌ inf. n. of فَتَحَ [q. v.]. (Msb, &c.) b2: [As a subst.,] (tropical:) Conquest of a country: (K, TA:) pl. فُتُوحٌ (TA) [and pl. pl. فُتُوحَاتٌ]. يَوْمٌ الفَتْحِ means particularly (assumed tropical:) The day of the conquest of Mekkeh: (L:) and also (assumed tropical:) The day of resurrection. (Mujáhid, L.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Aid against an enemy; or victory; syn. نَصْرٌ; as also ↓ فَتَاحَةٌ. (K.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Means of subsistence, with which God gives aid: pl. as above. (TA.) b5: (tropical:) The first of the rain called الوَسْمِىّ; (L, K;) as also ↓ فَتُوحٌ [which see again in what follows]: (K:) or the first of any rain; as also ↓ فُتْحَةٌ: (L:) pl. of the first فُتُوحٌ, (A,) or ↓ فَتُوحٌ, with fet-h to the ف, (L,) [see the mention of this voce فَيْحٌ,] but MF strongly reprobates this latter form, and observes that فَعُولٌ as a pl. measure is absolutely unknown. (TA.) One says, أَصَابَتِ الأَرْضُ فُتُوحٌ (tropical:) [First rains fell upon the land]. (A.) b6: (tropical:) Water running (S, K, TA) from a spring or other source: (S, TA:) or water running upon the surface of the earth: (AHn, TA:) or water for which a channel is opened to a tract of land for its irrigation thereby: (L:) or a river, or rivulet, or canal of running water. (T, TA.) مَا سُقِىَ بِالفَتْحِ فَفِيهِ العُشْرُ, and مَا سُقِىَ فَتْحًا, (L,) فَتْحًا being here in the accus. case as an inf. n., i. e. مَا فُتِحَ إِلَيْهِ مَآءُ الأَنْهَارِ فَتْحًا, (Mgh, L, *) occurring in a trad., means In the case of that (relating to the several sorts of seed-produce, and palm-trees,) which is irrigated by means of the channel opened to conduct to it the water of the river [or rivers], the tithe [of the produce shall be taken]. (L.) b7: The place of insertion of the tang of the iron head that enters into the shaft of an arrow: (K, * TA:) pl. as above. (TA.) b8: The fruit of the tree called نَبْع, resembling the حَبَّة خَضْرَآء [or fruit of the pistachia terebinthus], (K, TA,) except that it is red, sweet, and round; eaten by men. (TA.) b9: [As a conventional term in grammar and lexicology, A certain vowel-sound, well-known: and ↓ فَتْحَةٌ signifies The sign of that vowel-sound.]

فُتُحٌ a word of the measure فُعُلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (S.) You say بَابٌ فُتُحٌ A wide, open, door: (S, K:) or a large, wide, door. (Msb.) And قَارُورَةٌ فُتُحٌ A wide-headed bottle or flash: (S, K:) or a bottle, or flash, having neither a stopper nor a case: (Ks, S, Msb, K:) because, if so, it is open. (TA.) فَتْحَةٌ: see فَتْحٌ, last sentence.

فُتْحَةٌ An opening, or intervening space; syn. فُرْجَةٌ: pl. فُتَحٌ. (Msb.) b2: See also فَتْحٌ. b3: Also (assumed tropical:) A boasting of, or boasting oneself in, or making a vain display of, what one has, or possesses, of wealth, or of good education, or polite accomplishments. (L, K, * TA.) One says, مَا هٰذِهِ الفُتْحَةُ الَّتِى أَظْهَرْتَهَا (assumed tropical:) What is this boasting, &c., which thou hast exhibited? (L.) IDrd thinks it to be not [genuine] Arabic. (L.) فَتْحَى Gain, profit, or increase obtained in traffic; syn. رِبْحٌ; [so accord. to the L; accord. to the copies of the K, erroneously, رِيحٌ i. e. “ wind; ”] mentioned by Az, on the authority of Ibn-Buzurj: a poet says, أَكُلُّهُمُ لَا بَارَكَ اللّٰهُ فِيهِمُ

إِذَا ذُكِرَتْ فَتْحَى مِنَ البَيْعِ عَاجِبُ [Are all of them, (may God not bless them,) when gain arising from selling is mentioned, in a state of wonder?]. (L.) فَتُوحٌ A she-camel having wide orifices to her teats; (S, K;) and so a ewe or a she-goat: pl. فُتْحٌ. (TA.) b2: See also فَتْحٌ, in two places.

فَتَاحَةٌ: see فَتْحٌ, fourth sentence.

فُتَاحَةٌ [see 1, near the end].

A2: الفُتَاحَةُ, thus in the L and other lexicons, without ى after the ح, but in the K ↓ الفُتَاحِيَةُ, there said to be with damm and without teshdeed, (TA,) A certain bird, different from that called الفَتَّاحُ, (K, TA,) tinged with redness. (TA.) فِتَاحَةٌ [see 1, near the end]. b2: [As a subst.,] (tropical:) The office of judge: one says, فُلَانٌ وُلِّىَ الفِتَاحَةَ (tropical:) Such a one was appointed to the office of judge. (A, TA.) b3: And [(tropical:) Litigation, or altercation:] one says, بَيْنَهُمَا فِتَاحَاتٌ (tropical:) Between them two are litigations, or altercations. (A, TA.) الفُتَاحِيَةُ: see الفُتَاحَةُ.

فَتَّاحٌ [An opener: and an unlocker. b2: and hence, (assumed tropical:) A conquerer. b3: And], in the dial. of Himyer, (TA,) (tropical:) A judge; one who decides between litigants: (S, Msb, K, TA:) it is like ↓ فَاتِحٌ, but [this signifies simply judging, and the former] has an intensive signification. (Msb.) الفَتَّاحُ, as an epithet applied to God, in the Kur xxxiv. 25, means (assumed tropical:) The Judge: or, accord. to IAth, (assumed tropical:) the Opener of the gates of sustenance and of mercy to his servants. (TA.) b4: بَيْتٌ فَتَّاحٌ means A wide, or an ample, house or tent. (El-Fáïk, TA.) b5: And الفَتَّاحُ signifies A certain bird, (K,) which is black, and which moves about its tail much, or often; white in the base of the tail, beneath it; and there is a sort thereof red; (TA;) also called أُمُّ عَجْلَانَ: (O in art. عجل:) pl. فَتَاتِيحُ, (K,) to which is added in the K, “without ا and ل; ”

but there is no reason why it should not have ال prefixed to it; and perhaps it should be correctly “ without ا and ت,” i. e. it is not pluralized with ا and ت [as an affix to the sing.], as in the L &c. (MF, TA.) فَاتِحٌ [Opening: &c.]: see فَتَّاحٌ.

فَاتِحَةٌ (tropical:) The commencement, or first part, of a thing: (S, A, * K:) pl. فَوَاتِحُ. (A.) فَاتِحَةُ الكِتَابِ, (Msb,) or فَاتِحَةُ القُرْآنِ, (TA,) [and simply الفَاتِحَةُ, (assumed tropical:) The opening chapter, or exordium, of the Kur-án,] is [said to be] so called because the recitation in prayer is commenced therewith. (Msb.) One says also, قَرَأَ فَاتِحَةَ السُّورَةِ وَخَاتِمَتَهَا (tropical:) He recited the first part, or portion, of the chapter of the Kur-án and its last part, or portion. (A.) And فَوَاتِحُ القُرْآنِ signifies (tropical:) The first parts, or portions, of the chapters of the Kur-án. (K, TA.) [See also مُفْتَتَحٌ.]

مَفْتَحٌ A place in which things are reposited, stowed, laid up, kept, preserved, or guarded; a repository; syn. خِزَانَةٌ and مَخْزَنٌ: [and a hoard; syn. خَزِينَةٌ:] and treasure; or buried property; syn. كَنْزٌ: (K, TA:) pl., in both senses, مَفَاتِحُ. (TA.) The pl. as occurring in the Kur xxviii. 76 is said to signify treasures or buried property (كُنُوز) and hoards (خَزَائِن [as pl. of خَزِينَةٌ, not of خِزَانَةٌ]): or hoards (خَزَاوئن) of wealth, which Az says is the most probable meaning: (L, TA:) or it there means keys, as pl. of ↓ مِفْتَحٌ; (Ksh, Bd;) and it is said that they were of skins, of the measure of the finger, and were borne upon sixty mules, (Ksh, L, TA,) or seventy; but this is not a valid explanation. (L, TA.) مِفْتَحٌ see the next preceding paragraph, and the next but one following; the latter in two places. b2: Also A conduit (قَنَاة) of water. (TA.) مُفَتِّحٌ, applied to a medicine &c., Aperient; having the property of opening the bowels: and مُفَتِّحٌ لِلسُّدَدِ deobstruent; having the property of removing obstructions.]

مِفْتَاحٌ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ مِفْتَحٌ (Msb, K) A key; an instrument with which a lock is opened; (Msb;) [a key] of a door; and of anything that is closed, or locked; (S;) an instrument for opening, (K, TA,) i. e. anything with which a thing is opened: (TA:) pl. of the former مَفَاتِيحُ and مفَاتِحُ, said by Akh to be similar to أَمَانِىُّ and أَمَانٍ; (S;) or مفاتيح is pl. مِفْتَاحٌ, and مفاتح is pl. of ↓ مِفْتَحٌ [as well as of مَفْتَحٌ]. (Msb.) b2: مِفْتَاحُهَا الطُّهُورُ, said by the Prophet, in relation to prayer, means (tropical:) That which is as though it were the key thereof is the thing [or water] with which one purifies himself; being the means of removing the legal impurity that prevents one's addressing himself boldly to the act of prayer. (Msb.) b3: And أُوِتِيتُ مَفَاتِيحَ الكَلِمِ, or مَفَاتِحَ الكَلِمِ, accord. to different relaters, occurring in a trad., i. e. I have been given the keys of words, means [I have been given] an easy faculty, granted by God, for the acquirement of eloquence and chasteness of speech, and the attaining to the understanding of obscure meanings, and novel and admirable kinds of knowledge, and the beauties of expressions and phrases, which are closed against others, and difficult to be learnt by them. (L.) b4: And المِفْتَاحُ signifies also (assumed tropical:) A certain brand upon the thigh and neck (K, TA) of a camel, in the form of what is [properly] thus called. (TA.) مَفْتُوحٌ An opened, or unclosed, [and an unlocked,] door. (Msb.) b2: [And (assumed tropical:) A light, or bright, colour; a meaning probably post-classical. b3: For other significations, see its verb.]

مَفَاتِيحُ, (unparalleled [in form] among sing. words, MF,) applied to a she-camel, Fat: pl. مَفَاتِيحَاتٌ: (K:) mentioned by Seer.(TA.) مُفْتَتَحٌ is an inf. n. [signifying The act of opening and commencing &c.]: and a n. of place and of time [signifying a place of opening and commencing &c. and a time thereof: and also the opening portion of the Kur-án; as shown voce خَاتَمٌ, q. v.]: and is a commonly-known and chaste word: though it has been said that مُخْتَتَمٌ [which has the contr. significations] is not a chaste word: (TA in the present art.:) this, however, is not correct; for it is a chaste word, and of frequent occurrence. (TA in art. ختم.) يَوْمٌ مُنْفَتِحٌ بَالمَآءِ (tropical:) A day [of clouds] bursting, or opening vehemently, with rain. (A.) b2: الحُرُوفُ المُنْفَتِحَةُ (assumed tropical:) The letters of which the utterance requires the opening of [that part of the mouth which is called] the حَنَك; (TA;) all the letters of the alphabet except ص, ض, ط, and ظ. (K, TA.)

فتح: فتح: ثقب كرة وجعل فيها منفذاً وباباً (بوشر) وفي تاريخ تونس (ص920) في الكلام عن الداي: وفتح باب البنات وبني خارجه سوقاً. ويقال أيضا: فتح بيوتاً في باطن السور أي شق السور السميك وبنى في داخله بيوتاً (ابن بطوطة 135:2).
فتح: كان أول من اشترى (بوشر).
فتح: أخلى الميناء ويقال: فتح مينا، (بوشر).
فتح: كشف ما تراكم من تراب وأزاله، وأزال الطين والوحل. (ألكالا).
فتح: أصلح، رقم، رأب، رقق، رفأ، (ألكالا).
فتح: فتح الله لفلان فتحاً: ألهمه. ففي المقري (943:1): أفتح لي فتحاً تنور به قلبي. ويقال أيضا: فتح على فلان. (المقدمة 256:3).
فتح الله في: سمح، أذن في، ففي البيان (97:1) فأن فتح في الدعاء فقد أذن في الإجابة.
فتح: استجاب، قبل، أجاب إلى: ففي رياض النفوس (ص94 و): فصلى ما فتحه الله أي صلى صلاة قبلها الله.
فتح الله لي في العلم أو العمل: قبل الله دعائي في أن أصبح عالماً وأن أعمل صالحاً، (المقري 487:1، 488).
فتح ب: في ابن العوام (545:1): في وقت فتح الأشجار بالنور (بالنوار في مخطوطة ل) والورق، أي في وقت بدأ الأشجار تتفتح لتظهر أزهارها وأوراقها.
فتح على فلان ب: تصدق عليه ب، أحسن إليه إحساناً غير متوقع. (ابن بطوطة 19:1، 24:2، ألف ليلة: 290:1، 195:2). وفي رياض النفوس (ص58 ق): وقال هذه خمسون ديناراً مثاقيل بعث بهما (بها) إليكما وفتح بها عليكما، ويقال: فتح الله بمعنى وفقك الله في صيد السمك (ألف ليلة برسل 96:4).
يفتح الله: جواب التاجر المألوف حين يرفض الثمن الذي قدمه له المشتري (= هذا قليل جداً) (ألف ليلة 421:1، 116:2) وهذا قول موجز لم يحسن برتون (74:1) تفسيره. وبمقارنة ما جاء في (برسل 303:10) بما جاء في (ماكن 294:4) يتبين أنه (يفتح الله عليَّ بغير بيعه) أي ليوفقني الله فلا أبيع هذا الشيء بهذا الثمن. وهذا التعبير يعني أيضا: لا لن تأخذ شيئاً.
وكذلك يقال للكمدي حين يراد عدم إعطائه شيئاً: يفتح الله عليك. (ألف ليلة 259:1) وفي رياض النفوس (ص80 و) أن طفلاً أراد أن تشتري له أمه حلوى فقالت له: يفتح الله فأخذ يبكي. ويفتح الله لها أيضا معنى آخر، فحين يسأل شخص (أين تذهب، فيجيبه: (يفتح الله) أي إلى حيث يهديني الله.) (هاي ص2).
فتح باباً أو سيرة: فتح الحديث في المسألة، كان أو من تكلم فيها. (بوشر).
فتح معه سيرة: عقد الحديث. وأصل الكلام (بوشر).
فتح معه باباً أو كلاماً: بادر إلى الأمر وسبقه إليه (بوشر). فتح باباً: تعرض للأمر ومهد له. ومجازاً كان أول من سعى في الأمر وابتدأ فيه (بوشر).
فتح باب: تمهيد، الخطوات الأولى للإصلاح والتوفيق. (بوشر).
فتح له باب أو سيرة: قدم له عرضاً للمفاوضة ودعاه إليه. (بوشر).
فتح باباً ل: ولد، سبب. (بوشر).
فتح عليه بابا في السحر (أنظره في مادة باب). وكذلك: فتح الدارات. (المقرئ 234:3).
فتح افتتاحاً: جرب، مهد. مرن. وتستعمل مجازاً بمعنى بدأ بالأقل شأناً وأهمية. (بوشر).
فتح بنتاً: أفرعها، أزال بكارتها. (بوشر، ألف ليلة 884:4).
فتح الحرب: بدأ الحرب. (بوشر).
فتح دعوى على: أقام عليه الدعوى. (بوشر).
فتح سكة: شق طريقاً ومهده. (بوشر).
فتح سيفه: سل سيفه. (أبو الوليد ص594).
فتح يده في السوط: تناول السوط. (عنتر ص58). فتح صدره: صرخ بكل ما يضمر، تكلم بصراحة (بوشر).
فتح عينه: أدبه، هذبه. ومجازاً: أنشأه ونشأه. (بوشر، فوك).
فتح العين: نبه الذهن. (بوشر).
فتح العقل: استفتح العقل وجعله أقدر على الفهم وأشد تنبها. (بوشر).
فتح الفال: تفاءل، وتكهن، وخمن. (بوشر، همبرت ص89، 157).
فتح فتوحات كثيرة: قام بحروب كثيرة ونجح فيها واستولى على بلاد كثيرة وتملكها. (معجم أبي الفداء).
فتح القلوع: نشر الأشرعة. (همبرت ص120).
فتح كياً: كوى. (بوشر).
فتح (بالتشديد): فتح الزهر: تفتح، فغر، فقح، تفقح. (بوشر، المقري 383:1، فليشر بريشت ص185، 271، ياقوت 904:3).
تفتيح في مصطلح الخياطة: غرز الإبرة، حسب رأي دي سلان (المقدة 327:3، 309:3).
فاتح: فاتحه بالكلام: بدأه بالكلام وحادثه. (بوشر، عبد الواحد ص174، المقري 396:2).
فاتح البيع: ذكرت في ديوان الهذليين (13، البيت الخامس) مع الشرح في (ص14).
تفتح. تفتح البرق: لمع البرق ولمحة. (الكامل ص73) انفتح: أفضى إلى، أدى إلى، وانشق وإن فرز.
يقال: انفتح الدمل. (بوشر) انفتح: أخرق، تصدع. ففي رياض النفوس (ص88 ق) في الكلام عن لوح في المركب فانفتح لنا لوح فرجعنا إلى قمودة وفزعنا بعض الشحنة أو الشحنة كلها ثم أصلحنا المركب. وفيه بلغنا أن قلوبكم ضعفت لما نالكم من انفتاح المركب - ومن هذا استعملوا كلمة انفتاح بمعنى غرق (ألكالا) وعند أماري (ديب ص223) يجب إبدال كلمة أصلح بكلمة انفتح فتكون العبارة: وإذا انفتح لهم مركب من ريح عرضت، وكذلك يجب إبدال إنضاج بكلمة انفتح في (ص228) لأن الترجمة الإيطالية القديمة تنص ص 390 على: بسبب الغرق.
انفتاح القلب: إباحة القلب بأسراره ومكاشفته بها. (بوشر).
انفتح إلي: مال إلي، فيه شبه من. ففي رحلة ابن جبير (ص86) في كلامه عن لوحين (بلاطتين) من المرمر الأخضر: فيهما نكت تنفتح عن لونهما إلى الصفرة قليلاً كأنها تجريع.
افتتح: افتتح خاتمة الأمر: خمن خاتمة الأمر. (فالتون ص35، ص69 رقم 2).
انفتح: استفتح، طلب فتح الباب. ففي رياض النفوس (ص82 ق): ولم يكن يفتح بابه قبل وقت الصلاة فجلسنا على باب البيت فطال علينا الأمر فافتتح رجل أندلسي كان معنا بصوت حزين فسمعنا للشيخ حركة وبكاء وشهيقاً ثم فتح الباب.
استفتح: كتب مقدمة الكتاب وفاتحته (ألكالا).
استفتح: استلم أولى مبلغ في يومه من البيع (بوشر).
استفتح: فتح البلاد واستولى عليها. (فوك) فتح: أبو الفتوحات: فاتح. (بوشر) فتح: خرق، شق، فلق، صدع. (بوشر).
فتح: ثاني حراثة للأرض. (ابن العوام 92). فتح، والجمع فتوح، وجمع الجمع فتوحات: صدقة، حسنة. وفي المعجم اللاتيني العربي ( stapes فتح ورزق). (ابن بطوطة 19:2، 275 المقري 710:2).
فتح، والجمع فتوح وجمع الجمع فتوحات: فضل من الله يمنحه للمتصوفة الذين بلغوا أقصى الدرجات من الحياة الروحية (دي سلان المقدمة 91:3 رقم 4) والنص في المقدمة (64:3) (المقري 573:1) وربما ميرسنج (ص26) أيضا، وقد حرفت فيه كلمة القرني.
فتح الباب: عند المنجمين عبارة عن نظر الكوكبين اللذين بيوتهما متقابلة كنظر المشتري وعطارد. (محيط المحيط).
فتحة: ثقبة، فرجة، فجوة، ثغرة. (بوشر).
فتحة: ثقب صغير لمرور القيطان. (بوشر).
فتحة: فتحة في السد لمرور السفن. (بوشر).
فتحة الحلق: فم الحنجرة. زردوم. (بوشر).
فتوح: بدأ المزاد. افتتاح المزاد أول سعر يقدم في المزاد. (بوشر).
فتوح: أجرة، جعالة، معاش، كراء، راتب. (ألكالا، ألف ليلة برسل 215:11).
فتاح: مبالغة فاتح، الذي يكثر الفتح. (بوشر).
فتاح الفال: المتكهن بالمستقبل، بوهيمي. (بوشر، همبرت ص89).
فاتح: ضد غامق، يقال: لون فاتح. (بوشر).
فاتح: عقبة، حجر عثرة، صخور البحر (ألكالا).
فاتح باب كبير: رجل يعيش عيشة باذخة، وكثر حشمة وكثرت نفقاته وعاش بزهو. (بوشر).
فاتح الفال: كاهن، عراف، زاجر الطير، ضارب الرمل، (بوشر، همبرت ص157).
فاتحة: مقدمة، استهلال، مدخل، تمهيد، ديباجة. (بوشر).
فاتحة: فاتحة القداس، بدأ القداس، بدأة القداس. (بوشر).
فاتحة: تمهيد وتوطئة لعقد المعاهدة، ما يجب الاتفاق عليه قبل عقد المعاهدة. (بوشر).
فاتحة الخلاف: أول من بدأ الثورة. (ابن الأغلب ص38). الفاتحة في صحائف من يذوق روحه: طوبى لمن عرف قدر نفسه، فليحي من عرف قدره (بوشر).
مفتح الماء: سكر، باب متحرك حول محور منظم جريان الماء. (محيط المحيط) في مادة بست.
خط مفتح: خط مستقيم. (فوك).
مفتاح: مقلد القانون، مفتاح القانون الآلة الموسيقية. (صفة مصر 300:13).
مفتاح: رائد (مقبض لإدارة آلة) في أخمص القذافة وهي قوس قديمة لقذف السهام والكرات والحجارة وغيرها، الجريدة الآسيوية (1848: 208:2).
المفتاح الناري: شرارة (المعجم اللاتيني العربي) وآلة حربية ترمى النار. (فوك).
مفتاح: قفل، غلق. (كرتاس ص39).
مفتاح: استعملت استعمالاً غريباً في تاريخ البربر ففيه (282:1) اجتمع إليه قبائل غمارة وصنهاجة مفتاح. ويرى السيد دي سلان أنها تعنى الأمر، وهذا بعيد الاحتمال.
مفتوح، بالمفتوح: بصراحة: بوضوح، جهراً، علانية، بإخلاص. (بوشر).
مفتوح العين: لبيب، أريب، بصير، فطن. (فوك) ومحترس، حذر، يقظ. (ألكالا).
فهمه مفتوح: سهل الفهم، قريب المأخذ (بوشر).
يده مفتوحة: كريم، جواد (بوشر).
المفتوح في علم الحساب: العدد المتناظر، المشترك المقياس (محيط المحيط).
الحساب المفتوح: علم الحساب. (ابن خلكان 23:9) وانظر الترجمة (474:3 رقم 2). والمفتوحات أيضا (محيط المحيط) والمفتوح عند أهل الرمل: شكل إحدى مراتبه فرد والباقي أزواج (محيط المحيط) وانظر مسدود.
مفاتحة: مراسلة، مكاتبة. ففي كتاب ابن عبد الملك (ص125 ق): وكانت بينه وبين جماعة من أدباء عصره من أهل مالقة وغيرهم مفاتحات ومراجعات نظماً ونثراً.
مفاتحة الصلح: وعد بالصلح. (بوشر).
افتتاح: بدء: استهلال، تمهيد، مقدمة. (بوشر) وانظر مادة فتح.
افتتاحي: تدشيني، تمهيدي: إعدادي (بوشر)، الانفتاح عند الأطباء: انشقاق العرق في رأسه (محيط المحيط).
استفتاح: أول ما يستلمه البائع في يومه. (بوشر، معجم هابيشت في الجزء الرابع من طبعته لكتاب ألف ليلة).
حرف الاستفتاح: عند النحاة: ألا (محيط المحيط).
استفتاحي: إلا الاستفتاحية. (ابن عقيل ص92) وانظر ما تقدم.