غرو

1 غَرَا الجِلْدَ, (K,) first Pers\. غَرَوْتُ, (S, Msb,) aor. ـُ (Msb, TA,) inf. n. غَرْوٌ, (TA,) He glued the skin; i. e., made it to adhere with غِرَآء. (S, Msb, K.) And غَرَيْتُ السَّهْمَ signifies the same as غَرَوْتُهُ [i. e. I glued the feathers upon the arrow: see the two pass. part. ns.]. (TA.) [And accord. to present usage, ↓ غَرَّاهُ, inf. n. تَغْرِيَةٌ, signifies He glued it.] b2: غَرَا السِّمَنُ قَلْبَهُ, (K, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) Fatness adhered to his heart, and covered it: (K, TA:) mentioned by ISd. (TA.) A2: غَرِىَ بِهِ It adhered to it [as glue or the like]. (Ksh and Bd in v. 17. [And used in this sense in the S and K as an explanation of لَزِجَ بِهِ.]) b2: And [hence], aor. ـْ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. غَرًا (Abu-l-Khattáb, Msb, K, TA) and غِرَآءٌ, (K, TA,) like كِسَآءٌ, but in the M like سَحَاب [i. e. غَرَآءٌ], which J [in the S] pronounces to be a subst., (TA,) He became attached to it, or fond of it; was eagerly desirous of it; he adhered, clung, or clave, to it; or loved it; syn. أُولِعَ بِهِ; (Msb, K, TA;) and لَزِمَهُ; (TA;) without his being incited thereto by another; (Msb, TA;) and بِهِ ↓ أُغْرِىَ signifies the same, (Msb, * K, TA,) as also بِهِ ↓ غُرِّىَ, (K, TA,) each with damm, (K,) and the latter with teshdeed, as is stated in the M. (TA.) b3: See also 3. b4: And غَرِىَ فُلَانٌ Such a one persisted, or persevered, in his anger. (S, TA.) b5: غَرِىَ said of what is termed عِدٌّ, [i. e. of the water thus termed,] (M, and so in some copies of the K,) or of a غَدِير, [or pool of water left by a torrent,] (so in other copies of the K [but the former is said in the TA to be the right],) It became cold, or cool, (M, TA,) or its water became cold, or cool. (K.) A3: غَرَوْتُ, (inf. n. غَرْوٌ, S, * Msb,) also signifies I wondered. (S, Msb, TA.) [See غَرْوٌ, below.]2 غرّاهُ: see 1, third sentence. b2: [The inf. n.]

تَغْرِيَةٌ is syn. with تَطْلِيَةٌ [The daubing, smearing, or rubbing over; perhaps particularly, or originally, with غِرَآء i. e. glue]. (K.) b3: غرّاهُ بِهِ: see 4. And غُرِّىَ بِهِ: see 1, latter half.3 غارى بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ, (S, K,) inf. n. غِرَآءٌ, (S,) He made no interruption between the two things: (S, K:) mentioned by A'Obeyd, from Khálid Ibn-Kulthoom: and hence the saying of Kutheiyir, إِذَا قُلْتَ أَسْلُو فَاضَتِ العَيْنُ بِالبُكَا غِرَاءً وَمَدَّتْهَا مَدَامِعُ حُفَّلُ [When thou sayest, “I will be forgetful,” or “ unmindful,” the eye overflows with weeping, uninterruptedly, and copious flowings of tears pour into it and replenish it]: AO says that the verb is from غَرِيتُ بِالشَّيْءِ. (S, TA.) b2: and غارى فُلَانًا, (K, TA,) inf. n. مُغَارَاةٌ and غِرَآءٌ, (TA,) He wrangled, quarrelled, or contended, with such a one: (K, TA:) mentioned on the authority of AHeyth, who disallowed بِهِ ↓ غَرِىَ, inf. n. غرآء. (TA. [Whether AHeyth disallowed the latter in this sense or in one of the senses mentioned in the first paragraph is not stated.]) 4 اغراهُ بِهِ He made him to become attached to it, or fond of it; to be eagerly desirous of it; to adhere, cling, or cleave, to it; or to love it; (Msb, K;) syn. وَلَّعَهُ: (K:) one should not say بِهِ ↓ غرّاهُ. (TA. [But one says غُرِّىَ بِهِ: see 1.]) And أُغْرِىَ بِهِ: see 1. b2: He incited, urged, or instigated, him to do it. (MA, and Har p. 355.) You say, أَغْرَيْتُ الكَلْبَ بِالصَّيْدِ (S) I incited, urged, or instigated, the dog, to, or against, the object, or objects, of the chase. (Kull.) b3: And اغراهُ بِهِمْ He set him upon them, or over them; or made him to have mastery, dominion, or authority, over them. (Jel in xxxiii. 60.) b4: اغرى بَيْنَهُمُ العَدَاوَةَ (tropical:) He occasioned enmity between them: (Jel in v. 17:) he cast enmity between them, as though he made it to cleave to them: (K, TA:) a tropical phrase. (TA.) And أَغْرَيْتُ بَيْنَهُمْ [in which an objective complement is understood] (S, Msb) i. q. أَفْسَدْتُ [meaning (assumed tropical:) I excited disorder, disturbance, dis-agreement, discord, dissension, strife, or quarrel-ling, or I made, or did, mischief, between them, or among them]. (Msb.) A2: اغرى الشَّىْءَ, said of God, He made, or rendered, the thing goodly, or beautiful. (IKtt, TA.) 6 هُمَا يَتَغَارَيَانِ فِى الغَضَبِ [app. They two wrangle, quarrel, or contend, in anger]. (JK. [See 3.]) لَاغَرْوَ signifies لَا عَجَبَ [meaning There is no case of wonder], (Msb, K, and Ham p. 603,) the enunciative of لَا being suppressed, as though the saying were لَاغَرْوَ فِى الدُّنْيَا [there is no case of wonder in the present world] or مَوْجُودٌ [existing]; (Ham;) as also ↓ لَا غَرْوَى: (K:) or لَيْسَ بِعَجَبٍ

[meaning it is not a case of wonder]. (S.) One says, لَا غَرْوَ مِنْ كَذَا i. e. لَا عَجَبَ [meaning There is no case of wonder arising from such a thing, or, using غرو as an inf. n., (see 1, last signification,) there is no wondering at such a thing]. (Har p. 488.) And the saying وَلَا غَرْوَ أَنْ يَحْذُو الفَتَى حَذْوَ وَالِدِهْ means And it is not a case of wonder (لَيْسَ بِعَجَبٍ), i. e. there is no wondering (لَا عَجَبَ), that the [young] man should follow the example of his father, doing the like of his deed. (Har p. 86.) غَرًا: see غِرَآءٌ, in two places. b2: Also The غِرْس [q. v.] that descends [from the womb] with the child. (TA.) b3: And The young one of the cow: (K, TA:) or, as some say, peculiarly, of [the species of bovine antelope called] the wild cow: dual غَرَوَانِ: and pl. أَغْرَآءٌ. (TA.) It is also applied to The young camel when just born: and, some say, it signifies a youngling that is very sappy or soft or tender: (TA:) and anything brought forth (K, TA) until its flesh becomes firm, or hard. (TA.) b4: And (K, TA) [hence], by way of comparison, (TA,) as also ↓ غَرَاةٌ, (assumed tropical:) Lean, meagre, or emaciated, (K, TA,) in a great degree: (TA:) pl. أَغْرَآءٌ. (K, TA.) Hence the trad., لَا حَتًّى يَكْبَرَ ↓ تَذْبَحُوهُ غَرَاةً (assumed tropical:) [Do not ye slaughter it while very lean, &c., until it become full-grown] (TA. [See 4 in art. فرع.]) A2: Also Goodliness, or beauty. (S, K. [See غَرِىٌّ.]) غَرَاةٌ [Excitement of disorder, disturbance, disagreement, &c.;] the subst. from أَغْرَيْتُ بَيْنَهُمْ [q. v.]. (S.) A2: See also غَرًا, in two places.

غَرْوَى: see the next paragraph: A2: and see also لَا غَرْوَ.

غَرَآءٌ [A state of attachment, or fondness, &c.;] the subst. from غَرِىَ بِهِ [q. v.] as meaning أُولِعَ بِهِ: (S, Msb, TA:) or, accord. to the M, this is an inf. n.; and the subst. accord. to the K is ↓ غَرْوَى. (TA.) غِرَآءٌ and ↓ غَرًا (S, Mgh, Msb, K) [Glue;] a substance with which a thing is made to adhere, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) obtained from fish, (S, Mgh,) or made from skins, and sometimes made from fish: (Msb:) or the substance with which one smears; (Fr, K, TA;) and thus the former word is expl. by Sh: (TA:) or a certain thing that is extracted from fish: (K:) [and mucilage, which by concretion becomes gum; the former word is used in this sense in the K voce صَمْغٌ. q. v.:] and it is said that the trees [app. that produce the mucilage termed غِرَآء, otherwise [know not what can be meant thereby,] are [called] غَرًى [or ↓ غَرًا]; but AHn says that certain persons pronounce the word thus, but it is not the approved way. (TA.) A2: رَجَلٌ غِرَآءٌ means A man who has not a beast [to carry him] (لَا دَابَّةَ لَهُ). (K.) غَرِىٌّ Made to adhere; syn. مُلْصَقٌ. (TA voce عَرِيرٌ.) b2: [And hence, (assumed tropical:) An adherent. (See عَرِيرٌ.) b3: Hence also, Daubed, smeared, or rubbed over; as will be shown in the course of this paragraph. (See also مَغْرُوٌّ.) b4: ] And The goodly, or beautiful, (S, K, TA,) in respect of face, (TA,) of mankind, (S, K, TA,) and the goodly, or beautiful, of others than mankind: and [particularly] a goodly building: (K, TA:) and hence. b5: الغَرِيَّانِ Two well-known buildings, in El-Koofeh, (K, TA,) at Eth-Thaweeyeh, where is the tomb of 'Alee, the Prince of the Faithful, asserted to have been built by one of the Kings of El-Heereh: (TA:) or two tall buildings, said to be the tombs of Málik and Akeel, the two cup-companions of Jedheemeh ElAbrash; thus called because En-Noamán Ibn-El-Mundhir used to smear them (كَانَ يُغَرِّيهِمَا) with the blood of him whom he slew when he went forth in the day of his evil fortune [or ill omen, the story of which is well known], (S, TA.) b6: الغَرِىُّ is also the name of A certain idol [or object of idolatrous worship, app. from what here follows, a mass of stone, like as اللَّاتُّ is said to have been by some, and like as were several other objects of worship of the pagan Arabs], with which [probably meaning with the blood on which] one used to smear himself, and upon which one used to sacrifice [victims]. (TA.) b7: And غَرِىٌّ signifies also A certain red dye. (TA.) غُرَاوَى i. q. رَغْوَةٌ [i. e. Froth]: (K, TA: [الغُراءىٰ in the CK is a mistranscription:]) app. formed by transposition; for رُغَاوَى has been mentioned [in art. رغو] as syn. with رَغْوَةٌ: (TA:) pl. with fet-h [i. e. غَرَاوَى]. (K, TA.) هُوَ مُغْرًى بِهِ, from أَغْرَاهُ بِهِ [q. v.], He is made to become attached to it, or fond of it; &c. (TA.) مَغْرُوٌّ [pass. part. n. of غَرَا, q. v.; Glued, &c. b2: Hence, for سَهْمٌ مَغْرُوٌّ, lit. A glued arrow, meaning an arrow having the feathers glued upon it, i. e.] a feathered arrow. (Meyd in explanation of what here follows.) It is said in a prov., أَدْرِكْنِى وَلَوْ بِأَحَدِ المُغْرُوَّيْنِ, meaning [Reach thou me, though] with one of the two [feathered] arrows: or, as Th says, with an arrow or with a spear: (S:) El-Mufaddal says, there were two brothers, of the people of Hejer, a people to whom the Arabs ascribe stupidity, and one of those two rode an intractable she-camel, and the one that did not ride had with him a how, and his name was Huneyn; so the one that was riding called to him, and said, يَا هُنَيْنُ وَيْلَكَ انْزِلْنِى وَلَوْ بِأَحَدِ المَغْرُوَّيْنِ, [in which انزلنى seems to be a mistranscription for ادركنى,] meaning, with his arrow; whereupon his brother shot at him and laid him prostrate; and his saying became a prov., applied on an occasion of necessity, or difficulty, and of the after failing of stratagem. (Meyd.) One says also قَوْسٌ مَغْرُوَّةٌ [A glued bow] (S, Msb, K) and ↓ مَغْرِيَّةٌ. (S, K.) قَوْسٌ مَغْرِيَّةٌ: see what next precedes.

ذبر

1 ذَبَرَ, (T, S, M, A, K,) aor. ـُ (T, S, M, K) and ذَبِرَ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. ذَبْرٌ; (M, A, K;) and ↓ ذبّر, (M, A,) inf. n. تَذْبِيرٌ; (K;) He wrote (A 'Obeyd, T, S, M, A, K) a writing, or a book; (A 'Obeyd, T, S, M, A;) like زَبَرَ: (A 'Obeyd, T, S:) or both signify, (M,) or the former signifies also, (K,) he pointed, or dotted, (M, K,) it: (M:) or (M, but in the K “ and,”) he read it, or recited it, (IAar, T, M, K, *) with a low, or faint, voice; (M, K;) or easily; (M, A, each in relation to both verbs;) or quickly: (K:) all of the dial. of Hudheyl. (M.) You say, مَا أَحْسَنَ مَا يَذْبُرُ الشِّعْرَ How well he recites poetry, or the poetry, (K, TA,) without halting, or hesitating, therein! (TA.) And الكِتَابَ ↓ مَا أَحْسَنَ مَا يُذَبِّرُ How well he reads, or recites, the book, or the writing, without pausing therein! (A.) b2: and ذَبَرَ, (IAar, Th, T, M, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. ذَبْرٌ and ذِبَارَةٌ, He knew, or learned, a tradition, well, soundly, or thoroughly; عَنْهُ from him: (IAar, Th, T:) or he understood it: (M, K:) and he understood, and knew, or learned, well, soundly, or thoroughly, a writing, or a book. (TA.) [See 2 in art. دبر, last sentence.] Accord. to some, ذَبْرٌ signifies Understanding, and knowledge; (T;) knowledge of a thing, and understanding thereof; (K, * TA;) as also ذُبُورٌ [another inf. n.] : (TA:) or ذُبُورٌ signifies understanding with knowledge of a thing. (M.) It is said in a trad., of the people of Paradise, مِنْهُمْ الَّذِى لَا ذَبْرَ لَهُ, (T, TA,) i. e. Of them is he who has no understanding: (TA:) or, accord. to IAar, it means he who has no tongue with which to speak, by reason of his weakness. (T.) b3: And ذَبَرَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. ذِبَارَةٌ, (so in some copies of the K,) or ذَبَارَةٌ, (so in other copies of the K, and accord. to the TA,) He looked, and did so well. (K, * TA.) A2: ذَبِرَ He was angry: (T, K:) so accord. to IAar: (T, TA:) [but SM says,] were it not set down on his authority, I should say that it is a mistranscription for ذَئِرَ. (TA.) 2 ذَبَّرَ see 1, in two places.

ذَبْرٌ A writing, (As, T, K,) in the dial. of Himyer, written upon عُسُب [or leafless palmsticks, or the lower portions of palm-sticks, upon which no leaves have grown]: (K:) and i. q. صَحِيفَةٌ [a piece of paper, or skin, upon which something is written; or a writing, or book]: (K:) pl. ذِبَارٌ (As, T, K.) b2: كِتَابٌ ذَبْرٌ, (M, A,) or ↓ ذَبِرٌ, like كَتِفٌ, (K,) A writing, or book, easy to be read: (A, K:) or ذَبْرٌ in this phrase is an inf. n. used in the place of the pass. part. n. ↓ مَذْبُورٌ [which signifies written; or pointed; or read, or recited, with a low, or faint, voice, or easily, &c.]. (M.) A2: Also A mountain; in the Abyssinian language: so accord. to one reading, but accord. to another reading دَبْرٌ, in a trad. cited in art. دبر. (TA.) ذَبِرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

ذَابِرٌ Knowing, or learning, well, soundly, or thoroughly, a matter of science or knowledge. (IAar, T, K.) مِذْبَرٌ A reed-pen; like مِزْبَرٌ. (TA.) مُذَبَّرٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, figured with marks resembling writing, or otherwise; syn. مُنَمْنَمٌ: (M, K:) of the dial. of El-Yemen. (M.) مَذْبُورٌ: see ذَبْرٌ.

مُذَابِرٌ, occurring in a trad., is explained by IAth as meaning Going away; if it be not a mistranscription [for مُدَابِرٌ, which seems to be probably the case]. (TA.)

شيد

1 شَادَهُ, aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. شَيْدٌ, (S,) He plastered it (a wall) with شِيد, (S, K,) i. e. gypsum, or the like: (K:) he built it (a structure) with شِيد, meaning gypsum. (Msb.) b2: See also 2. b3: شَادُوا الدِّينَ (assumed tropical:) They strengthened and exalted the religion: from شَادَ in the first of the senses expl. above: (Har p. 5:) [or rather from this verb as syn. with شَيَّدَ and أَشَادَ.] b4: See also 4. b5: As inf. n. of شَادَ in the phrase شَادَ بِالإِبِلِ, aor. as above, (TK,) شِيَادٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) The calling camels, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA,) as also ↓ إِشَادَةٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) raising the voice in doing so. (TA.) b6: Also, (K,) as inf. n. of the same verb, (TK,) (assumed tropical:) The rubbing perfume with the skin; (K;) as also ↓ تَشَيُّدٌ; in some copies of the K, ↓ تَشْيِيدٌ: (TA:) [the former of these two seems to be the right; and the meaning seems to be, the rubbing the skin with perfume; for,] accord. to AA, one says بِهٰذَا الطِّيبِ ↓ تَشَيَّدْ, meaning Rub thy skin with this perfume. (O.) A2: شَادَ, (said of a man, TA,) aor. as above, (K,) inf. n. شَيْدٌ, (TA,) also signifies He perished, or died. (K.) 2 شيّدهُ, (A, L, Msb, TA,) inf. n. تَشْيِيدٌ, (L, Msb, TA,) He raised it high; (A, Msb, TA;) namely, a palace, (A,) or a building; (Msb, TA;) as also ↓ اشادهُ, (A, L, TA,) and ↓ شَادَهُ: (A: [this last is app. included with the two other verbs, in the A, as having this meaning, which is confirmed, as pertaining to it, by an explanation of its pass. part. n., مَشِيدٌ, q. v.:]) or شيّدهُ [implies a repetition of the act of building: (see مَشِيدٌ:) or] signifies he built it firmly, or strongly, and raised it high. (L.) b2: See also 1.4 اشادهُ: see 2. b2: Hence, (L,) إِشَادَةٌ signifies (tropical:) The raising the voice in saying a thing (Lth, S, L, K) [of any kind, or] such as one's companion dislikes; like تَنْدِيدٌ. (Lth, L.) See also 1. Yousay, اشاد صَوْتَهُ and بِصَوْتِهِ (tropical:) He raised his voice. (A.) And اشاد بِهِ (tropical:) He proclaimed it, or cried it, raising his voice; namely, a stray, or any other thing: (As, L:) (tropical:) he made it known; (AA, S, A, K; *) namely, a stray. (S, K.) And اشاد بِذِكْرِهِ (tropical:) He raised his good fame, by praising him; raised a good report of him: (S, * A, L:) and he raised his ill fame, by dispraising him; raised an evil report of him: and اشادهُ and ↓ شَادَهُ he raised his notoriety or fame. (L.) And اشاد عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He published against him something disliked, disapproved, or odious: one says, اشاد عَلَيْهِ قَبِيحًا and بِقَبِيحٍ (tropical:) [He published against him something bad, evil, abominable, or foul]. (A.) b3: and إِشَادَةٌ also signifies (tropical:) The act of destroying: (K, TA:) from the same word as syn. with تَنْدِيدٌ. (TA.) 5 تَشَيَّدَ see 1, in two places.

شَيْدٌ, a Pers\. word, [or rather of Pers\. origin, from شَيْدَا,] Possessed; or mad, or insane: or intoxicated. (TA.) شِيدٌ Anything with which a wall is plastered, (S, A, K,) consisting of gypsum and the like; (A, K;) J says, of gypsum or بَلَاط; but this last word is a mistake, [probably originated by an early transcriber of the S,] for مِلَاط, i. e. mud, or clay: (K:) or [peculiarly] gypsum. (Msb.) b2: Az says that some of the Arabs sometimes call thus A حِصْن [i. e. fortress, fort, or fortified place]. (TA.) مَشِيدٌ Plastered with شِيد; and so, as some say, ↓ مُشَيَّدٌ: (T:) or built with gypsum: (Msb:) or made with شيد, (S, A, K,) i. e. gypsum; and so, some say, ↓ مُشَيَّدٌ: (A:) or the latter signifies raised high, or made lofty; (A 'Obeyd, S, A, K;) and so the former, applied to a place, (A,) or building: (TA:) the former has this meaning in the Kur xxii. 44: (Jel:) J says in the S, Ks says, مَشِيدٌ is applied to a sing., from the saying in the Kur, [ubi suprà,] وَقَصْرٍ مَشِيدٍ; and ↓ مُشَيَّدٌ, to a pl., from the saying in the same, [iv. 80,] فِى بُرُوجٍ مُشَيَّدَةٍ: but this is a mistake: what Ks says is that مُشَيَّدَةٌ, with ة and teshdeed, is a pl. [i. e. a lexicological, not a grammatical, pl.] of مُشَيَّدٌ: (IB, K: *) or the saying of Ks [if as quoted in the S] may be expl. accord. to the opinion of those who hold that مَشِيدٌ and مُشَيَّدٌ both signify plastered with شِيد, on the supposition that the Arabs did not use مَشِيدَةٌ as applied to a pl., but only to a sing.: (Az, L:) [for] Fr says that the pass. part. n. of the unaugmented verb only is used when applied to a sing. and not denoting repetition, or muchness; but either this or the pass. part. n. of the verb of the measure فَعَّلَ may be used when applied to a sing. and denoting repetition, or muchness, and when applied to a pl.: thus you say كَبْشٌ مَذْبُوحٌ [“ a slaughtered ram ”]; but not مُذَبَّحٌ; but you may say ثَوْبٌ مُخَرَّقٌ [as meaning “ a garment in which holes have been repeatedly made,” or “ in which many holes have been made,” or “ much pierced with holes,” as well as ثَوْبٌ مَخْرُوقٌ meaning “ a garment in which a hole has been made,” or “ in which holes have been made,”] and كِبَاشٌ مُذَبَّحَةٌ [“ slaughtered rams ”]: and hence you may say ↓ قَصْرٌ مُشَيَّدٌ; because تَشْيِيدٌ denotes building, and the act of building is repeated, and a building becomes high by degrees. (L.) مُشَيَّدٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in four places.

رتج

1 رَتَجَ, inf. n. رَتْجٌ: see 4.

A2: رَتِجَ, (K,) or رَتِجَ فِى مَنْطِقَهِ, (S, A, Msb,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. رَتَجٌ, (Msb, TA,) (tropical:) He was, or became, impeded in his speech, unable to speak, or tonguetied; (S, A, * Msb, K;) as also عَلَيْهِ ↓ أُرْتِجَ, (A, K,) and عليه ↓ اُرْتُتِجَ, and عليه ↓ اُسْتُرْتِجَ. (K.) You say, عَلَى القَارِىءِ ↓ أُرْتِجَ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) and على الخَطِيبِ, (Mgh,) (tropical:) The reader, or reciter, (S, Mgh, Msb,) and the orator, or preacher, (Mgh,) was unable to read, or recite, (S, Msb,) as though he were prevented doing so, (Msb,) or as though a thing were closed against him like as a door is closed; (S;) or was, or became, impeded in his reading, or recitation, and his oration, or sermon, and unable to complete it; (Mgh;) from أَرْتَجَ البَابَ: (Mgh, Msb: [see 4:]) and عَلَيْهِ ↓ اُرْتُتِجَ signifies the same: (S: [in my copy of the Msb, “ارتيج, of the same measure as اقتيل, in the pass. form: ” but this is evidently a mistranscription, for اُرْتُتِجَ, of the same measure as اُقْتُتِلَ:]) one should not say اُرْتُجَّ عليه: (S: [but it seems that those who pronounced the verb with teshdeed said اِرْتَجَّ: see art. رج:]) this is sometimes said; but some disallow it: (Msb:) the vulgar say it; and accord. to some, it may be correct as meaning “ he fell into confusion. ” (Mgh.) You say also, عَلَيْهِ ↓ صَعِدَ المِنْبَرَ فَأُرْتِجَعَلَى (tropical:) He ascended the pulpit, and was, or became, impeded in his speech, unable to speak, or tonguetied. (A.) And عَلَى فُلَانٍ ↓ أُرْتِجَ (tropical:) Such a one was unable to finish a saying, or poetry, that he desired to utter. (TA.) And فِى كَلَامِهِ رَتَجٌ (tropical:) In his speech is a reiterating, by reason of an impediment, or inability to say what he would. (A, TA.) A3: رَتَجَ, inf. n. رَتَجانٌ, He (a child) walked a little, at his first beginning to walk; or walked with a weak gait; crept along; or walked slowly. (K, TA.) 4 ارتج البَابَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِرْتَاجٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ رَتَجَهُ, (K,) inf. n. رَتْجٌ; but As allows only the former verb; (TA;) i. q. أَغْلَقَهُ, [which means He locked the door, and also he shut, or closed, the door, but the former appears to be the signification here intended, from what follows,] (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) so as to make it fast, or firm: (A, Mgh, Msb:) so says Az, after Lth: and, by extension of the signification, he shut, or closed, the door, without locking it. (Mgh.) It is said in a trad., إِنَّ أَبْوَابَ السَّمَآءِ تُفْتَحُ عِنْدَ زَوَالِ الشَّمْسِ فَلَا تُرْتَجُ حَتَّى يُصَلَّى

الظُّهْرُ, (Mgh, * and “ Jámi' es-Sagheer ” of EsSuyootee,) i. e. [Verily the gates of Heaven are opened at the declining of the sun from the meridian,] and are not closed nor locked [until the noon-prayer has been performed]. (Mgh.) b2: [Hence,] أُرْتِجَ عَلَيْهِ الأَمْرُ (assumed tropical:) The affair was as though it were closed against him, so that he knew not the way to engage in it, or execute it; syn. اِسْتَبْهَمَ عَلَيْهِ. (TA in art. بهم.) b3: See also 1, in four places. b4: [Hence also,] أَرْتَجَتْ (tropical:) She (a camel) closed her womb against the seed (S, A, K, TA) of the stallion, (TA,) having become pregnant. (A.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) She (an ass) became pregnant. (K.) b6: And (tropical:) She (a hen) had her belly full of eggs. (S, A, * K.) b7: Also أَرْتَجَ (assumed tropical:) It (the sea) became raised into a state of commotion, and covered everything with the abundance of its water, (K, TA,) and the voyager upon it found no way of escape from it. (TA.) b8: (assumed tropical:) It (snow) was continual, and covered [the land]. (K.) b9: (assumed tropical:) It (abundance of herbage) was universal over the land, (K, TA,) leaving no part thereof wanting. (TA.) And أَرْتَجَتِ السَّنَةُ (assumed tropical:) The year of drought involved every part in sterility, (K, TA,) so that man found no way of escape. (TA.) 8 إِرْتَتَجَ see 1, in two places.10 إِسْتَرْتَجَ see 1, second sentence.

سِكَّةٌ رِتْجٌ (tropical:) [A street that is closed;] that has no place of egress. (A, K.) مَالٌ رِتْجٌ (tropical:) Property to which there is no access; (A, TA;) contr. of طِلْقٌ, (K, TA,) which is likewise with kesr; (TA; [in the CK طَلْق;]) as also غِلْقٌ. (K, TA.) رَتَجٌ: see what next follows.

رِتَاجٌ A door: (TA:) or a great door; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ رَتَجٌ: (S A, K:) or a door locked, or shut or closed, (S, Mgh, K,) having a small door, or wicket: (S, K:) or it signifies also a door that is locked, or shat or closed: (Msb:) pl. رُتُجٌ and رَتَائِجُ, and, accord. to MF, أَرْتَاجٌ, but this is irreg., and he has given no authority for it. (TA.) Hence رِتَاجُ الكَعْبَةِ [The door of the Kaabeh]: (S, TA:) and (tropical:) the Kaabeh itself: (A, * TA:) and [hence also] الِرّتَاجُ is (tropical:) a name of Mekkeh. (K, TA.) جَعَلَ مَالَهُ فِى رِتَاجِ الكَعْبَةِ, (A, Mgh, Msb, TA,) occurring in a trad., (Mgh, TA,) means, (A, Msb, TA,) or is said to mean, (Mgh,) (tropical:) He made his property, or cattle, a votive offering to be taken to the Kaabeh; (A, Mgh, Msb;) not the door itself; (Mgh;) the Kaabeh being thus called because by the door one enters it. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) The part of the womb that closes upon the fœtus; as being likened to a door. (L.) b3: أَرْضٌ ذَاتُ رِتَاجٍ occurs in a trad. [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) A land having a place of ingress that is, or may be, closed: or it may mean a land having in it rocks: see رِتَاجَةٌ, of which رِتَاجٌ may be a coll. gen. n.]. (TA.) A2: نَاقَةٌ رِتَاجُ الصَّلَا (assumed tropical:) A she-camel firm or compact [in the middle of the back, or in the part on either side of the tail, &c.]. (K.) رِتَاجَةٌ sing. of رَتَائِجُ, which signifies Rocks. (K.) b2: Also Any narrow شِعْب [or mountainroad, &c.]; as though it were closed, by reason of its narrowness. (L.) مُرْتَجٌ A door, and a chamber, or house, locked, or shut or closed, (مُغْلَقٌ,) so as to be made fast, or firm. (A.) مُرْتِجٌ, applied to a she-camel, (tropical:) Pregnant; because the mouth of her womb becomes closed against the seed of the stallion: (T, A, * TA:) applied also to a she-ass, in the same sense: (TA:) pl. مَرَاتِجُ and مَرَاتِيجُ. (A, TA.) مِرْتَاجٌ A thing with which a door is closed, or made fast; syn. مِغْلَاقٌ; (S;) [app. a kind of latch:] it is affixed behind the door, in the part next to the lock. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA in art. عربض.) مَرَاتِجُ Narrow roads or paths: (S, A, K:) the sing. is not mentioned. (TA.)

عد

1 عَدَّهُ, (S, A, O, Msb, &c.,) aor. ـُ (O, Msb,) inf. n. عَدٌّ (S, O, Msb, K) and عِدَّةٌ and تَعْدَادٌ [which last has an intensive signification, and may also be regarded as an inf. n. of the verb next following]; and ↓ عدّدهُ; (TA;) or this latter has an intensive signification; (Msb;) He numbered, counted, reckoned, or computed, it: (S, A, O, Msb, K:) [and ↓ اِعْتَدَّهُ sometimes signifies the same, as is shown by what here follows:] فَمَا لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنْ عِدَّةٍ تَعْتَدُّونَهَا, in the Kur xxxiii. 48, means [Then there shall not be for you, as incumbent on them, any عِدَّة (q. v.)] of which ye shall count the number [of the days]: (Bd, Jel:) or the meaning is, of which ye shall exact the accomplishment of the number [of the days]: (Ksh, Bd:) and Lh has mentioned, as heard from the Arabs, عَدَدْتُ الدَّرَاهِمَ أَفْرَادًا and وِحَادًا [I counted the dirhems by single pieces], and ↓ أَعْدَدْتُ, also, followed by the same words; then adding, “I know not whether it [i. e. the latter] be from العَدَدُ or from العُدَّةُ ” [i. e. whether the meaning be I counted or I prepared or provided, the latter of which is a well-known meaning]: his doubt indicates that أَعْدَدْتُ is a dial. var. of عَدَدْتُ; but [SM says] “ I know it not.” (TA.) عَدَّ is doubly trans.: you say عَدَدْتُكَ المَالَ as well as عَدَدْتُ لَكَ المَالَ [both meaning I numbered, counted, reckoned, or computed, to thee the articles of property]. (TA.) And you say, عُدَّ فِى قَوْمٍ He was numbered, or reckoned, among a people, or party. (S, K.) [And عَدَّ مَحَاسِنَهُ, and ↓ عَدَّدَهَا, inf. n. of the former عَدٌّ, and of either تَعْدَادٌ, He enumerated, or recounted, his good qualities or actions: a phrase of frequent occurrence.] b2: [Also He counted, or reckoned, as meaning he accounted, or esteemed, him, or it, good or bad &c.:] one says عَدَّهُ حَسَنًا He counted, accounted, reckoned, or esteemed, him, or it, good, or goodly; syn. اِسْتَحْسَنَهُ: (S in art. حسن, &c.:) and ↓ اعتدّ signifies the same as عَدَّ [in this sense]; whence the saying, وَيَعْتَدُّهُ قَوْمٌ كَثِيرٌ تِجَارَةً [And many people count it, or reckon it, as merchandise]. (Har p. 127.) 2 عَدَّّ see above, in two places. b2: عدّدهُ also signifies He made it a provision against the casualties of fortune: (S, O, K: see also 4:) so, accord. to Akh, in the Kur civ. 2: or, as some say, he made it numerous: (S, O:) or it may mean he reckoned it (Bd and Jel in civ. 2) time after time. (Bd.) 3 عَاْدَّ [عادّ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا, inf. n. مُعَادَّةٌ and عِدَادٌ, app. signifies They enumerated, or recounted, their good qualities or actions, one to another: for] يَوْمُ العِدَادِ is expl. by Sh as meaning يَوْمُ الفِخَارِ وَمُعَادَّةِ بَعْضِهِمْ بَعْضًا [i. e. The day of vying, or contending for superiority, in glory, or excellence, &c., and app. of persons enumerating, or recounting, their good qualities or actions, one to another]. (TA.) [See also عِدَادٌ.] b2: عَادَّهُمُ الشَّىْءَ He shared with them equally in the thing: and عادّ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا فِى الشَّىْءِ They shared one with another in the thing; i. e., in anything. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, عادّهُ فِى المِيرَاثِ [He shared with him in the inheritance]. (S.) b3: [The inf. n.] عِدَادٌ also signifies The contributing equally, or clubbing, for the purchase of corn, or food, to eat: and a people's having money, or property, divided into lots, or portions, and distributed in shares among them: syn. بِدَادٌ; (T and L in art. بد from IAar, and O in the present art.;) and مُنَاهَدَةٌ. (T and L in art. بد from IAar, and O and K in the present art.) [You say, عادّ القَوْمُ: see بَادَّ] b4: عادّهُ, inf. n. مُعَادَّةٌ and عِدَادٌ, said of a malady, and of the pain of a venomous sting or bite, and of insanity, It intermitted, and returned to him. (TA.) It is said in a trad., (S, O,) مَا زَالَتْ أُكْلَةُ خَيْبَرَ تُعَادُّنِى (S, O, K) The pain of the poison of the food of Kheyber which I ate has not ceased to return to me at certain periods. (TA.) and one says, عَادَّتْهُ اللَّسْعَةُ The pain of the venomous sting, or bite, returned to him with vehemence at the expiration of a year. (S, O, K.) 4 أَعْدَدْتُهُ, (Msb,) inf. n. إِعْدَادٌ, (Msb, TA,) with which ↓ اِعْتِدَادٌ and ↓ اِسْتِعْدَادٌ and ↓ تَعْدَادٌ [as inf. n. of 2] are syn., (TA,) I made it ready, prepared it, or provided it. (Msb, TA. *) One says, اعدّهُ لِأَمْرِ كَذَا He made it ready, prepared it, or provided it, for such an affair. (S, O, K. *) And أَعْدَدْتُ لِلْأَمْرِ عُدَّتَهُ [I made ready, prepared, or provided, for the affair, its proper apparatus]. (TA.) Some say that أَعَدَّ is originally أَعْتَدَ; but others deny this. (L in art. عتد.) See also 1, former half.

A2: أَعَدَّ is also intrans.: [but when it is used as such, نَفْسَهُ may be considered as understood after it:] see 10.5 تَعَدَّّ [تعدّد It was, or became, numerous: often used in this sense. b2: Hence, one says,] هُمْ يَتَعَدَّدُونَ عَلَى عَشَرَةِ آلَافٍ They exceed in number ten thousand; and ↓ يَتَعَادُّونَ signifies the same; (S, O, K; *) or the latter means they participate, one with another, in such generous qualities as may be shared. (TA.) b3: See also 10.6 تعادّوا They shared, one with another, in a thing. (TA.) See also 5. [And see 3.]7 انعدّ: see what next follows.8 اعتدّ It was, or became, numbered, counted, reckoned, or computed. (S, O.) Many of the learned say that ↓ انعدّ should not be [thus] used as a quasi-pass. of عَدَّهُ: it is said to be vulgar, or bad. (MF.) A2: اعتدّهُ: see 1, first and last sentences. b2: One says also اعتدّ بِهِ (S, O, Msb) meaning He included it in a numbering, or reckoning. (Msb.) [And hence, He made account of it; accounted it a matter of importance. And لَا يُعْتَدُّ بِهِ No account is made of it, or him; it, or he, is not reckoned, or esteemed, as of any account, or importance: a phrase of frequent occurrence.]

A3: [He made it ready, prepared it, or provided it:] see 4. b2: See also 10.

A4: اِعْتَدَّتْ, said of a woman, She observed, or kept, the period of her عِدَّة [q. v.]. (S, O.) 10 استعدّ, (S, O, Msb, K,) as also ↓ اعدّ and ↓ اعتدّ and ↓ تعدّد, the last, as well as the first, mentioned by Th, (TA,) He made himself ready, prepared himself, or became in a state of preparation, (S, O, K, TA,) لِلْأَمْرِ for the affair; (S, O, K, * TA; *) he prepared, or provided, himself with proper, or necessary, apparatus, or implements, or the like. (A'Obeyd, Msb, &c.) A2: All except the last are also trans.: see 4.

R. Q. 1 عَدْعَدَ, (IAar, O, TA,) inf. n. عَدْعَدَةٌ, (IAar, O, K, TA,) He was quick, (IAar, TA,) or he hastened, and was quick, (O, K,) in walking, or going along, (IAar, O, K, TA,) &c. (IAar, TA.) A2: [And app. said of the sandgrouse (القَطَا) meaning It uttered its cry: see عَدْعَدَةٌ below.] Q. Q. 2 تَمَعْدَدَ, in which, accord. to Sb, the م is a radical letter, because of the rarity of the measure تَمَلْعَلَ, but others contradict him, (S, K, *) He assumed the dress, garb, habit, or external appearance, of the sons of Ma'add who was the son of 'Adnán, and who is called the Father of the Arabs [because through him all the descendants of Ismá'eel, or Ishmael, trace their ancestry], (S, O, K,) imitating them in their coarseness therein: (K:) or he asserted himself to be related to them: (S, O, K:) or he spoke their language: (TA:) or he affected, or constrained himself, to endure with patience their mode of life: (S, O, K:) or he imitated their mode of life, which was coarse and rude; abstaining from ease and luxury, and from the garb of the foreigners: (S, O:) and he (a boy) attained to the prime of manhood, and became thick, or coarse. (S, O, K.) 'Omar said, (S, O,) or not 'Omar, but the Prophet, (K,) اِخْشَوْشِنُوا وَتَمَعْدَدُوا, (S, O, * K, *) i. e. [Lead ye a rough, or coarse, life, and] imitate the mode of life of the sons of Ma'add, &c. (TA.) [See also art. معد.] b2: It is also used by the poet Maan Ibn-Ows for تَبَاعَدَ [He went, or withdrew himself, far away]: (S, O:) it means thus, and he went away into the country, or in the land. (TA.) عَدْ عَدْ A cry by which the mule is chidden; (Az, O, K;) like عَدَسْ. (Az, O.) عُدٌّ and ↓ عُدَّةٌ Pustules in the face: (IJ, TA:) or pustules that come forth in the faces of beautiful, or goodly, persons: (O, K:) pl. of the former [and app. of the latter also, which is probably a n. un.,] أَعْدَادٌ. (Marg. note in a copy of the S.) عِدٌّ Multitude, muchness, or abundance, (S, O, K,) in a thing. (K.) One says, إِنَّهُمْ لَذَوُو عِدٍّ وَقِبصٍ (in one of my copies of the S and in the O لَذُو, and in the other of my copies of the S and in the O قِبْضٍ,) [Verily they are many, or numerous]. b2: [It is also an epithet, signifying] Water having a continual increase; (S, O, K;) that does not cease; as the water of a spring; (S, O, Msb, K;) and of a well: (S, O, Msb:) or copious water of the earth: or spring-water; rain-water being called كَرَعٌ: (TA:) or old water, that does not become exhausted: (IDrd, TA:) or an old well; (M, O, K;) said in the M [and O] to be from حَسَبٌ عِدٌّ: (TA: [but see this in what follows:]) or in the dial. of Temeem, much water; but in the dial. of Bekr Ibn-Wáïl, little water: (AO, TA:) or well-water, whether little or much; so accord. to a woman of Kiláb; opposed to that of the rain: accord. to Lth, a place which men make, or prepare, wherein much water collects; but Az says that this is a mistake: (TA:) pl. أَعْدَادٌ. (S, A, O.) b3: And حَسَبٌ عِدٌّ (tropical:) Old nobility or the like: (M, A, O:) accord. to IDrd, from عِدٌّ applied to old water that does not become exhausted. (TA. [This derivation is probably correct: but see above.]) A2: See also عَدِيدٌ.

A3: And see the paragraph here following.

عُدَّةٌ Apparatus, equipments or equipage, accoutrements, furniture, gear, tackle or tackling, (S, O, L, Msb,) that one has prepared for the casualties of fortune, (S, O, L,) consisting of property and weapons, (S, O,) or of property, or weapons, or other things, (Msb,) or of implements, instruments, tools, or the like, and of beasts: (L:) accord. to some, formed from عُتْدَةٌ [q. v.]; but others deny this: (L in art. عتد:) pl. عُدَدٌ. (Msb.) One says, أَخَذَ لِلْأَمْرِ عُدَّتَهُ and عَتَادَهُ [He took, for the affair, his apparatus, &c.; or he prepared, or provided, himself for the affair]: both signify the same. (S, O.) b2: Also, (S, O,) and ↓ عِدٌّ, this latter of the dial. of Temeem, (A'Obeyd, Msb,) A state of preparation. (A'Obeyd, S, O, Msb.) One says, كُونُوا عَلَى عُدَّةٍ Be ye in a state of preparation. (S, O.) A2: See also عُدٌّ.

عِدَّةٌ an inf. n. of 1[q. v.]. (TA.) b2: And A number collected together; a number collectively. (TA.) You say, رَأَيْتُ عِدَّةَ رِجَالٍ I saw a number of men collected together. (TA.) And أَنْفَذْتُ عِدَّةَ كُتُبٍ I transmitted a number of letters together. (S, K, * TA.) b3: عِدَّةُ المَرْأَةِ The days of the menstruation of the woman, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) which she numbers, when she has been divorced, or when her husband has died; [until the expiration of which she may not marry again; the period being, in the case of a divorced woman, not pregnant, that of three menstruations]; or [in the case of a pregnant woman] the days of her pregnancy; or [in the case of a widow not pregnant] four months and ten nights: (TA:) or the woman's waiting the prescribed time after divorce, or after the death of her husband, until she may marry again: (Msb:) and the days of the woman's mourning for a husband, and of abstaining from the wearing of ornaments &c.; (K, TA;) whether it be a period of months or of menstruations, or the period completed by her giving birth to offspring in her womb, which she has conceived by her husband: (TA:) pl. عِدَدٌ. (Msb.) One says, اِنْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا Her عِدَّة ended, (S, TA,) from the period of the death of her husband, or of his divorcing her. (TA.) b4: اِنْقَضَتْ عِدَّةُ الرَّجُلِ means The man's term of life ended: pl. عِدَدٌ. (TA.) b5: And one says, فُلَانٌ إِنَّمَا يَأْتِى أَهْلَهُ العِدَّةَ Such a one comes to his wife, or family, only once in the month, or in the two months. (O, L.) See also عِدَادٌ, in two places.

عَدَدٌ a subst. from عَدَّهُ “ he numbered it; ” as also ↓ عَدِيدٌ: (S, O, K:) [originally] What is numbered, counted, reckoned, or computed: (O, Msb, K: [in the CK, a و is inadvertently omitted after the explanation of this meaning:]) [and hence,] a number; (Msb;) and ↓ عَدِيدٌ is syn. therewith [in this sense, as will be seen in what follows]; (A;) a quantity composed of units; and therefore not [properly] applicable to one; but accord. to the grammarians, one belongs to the predicament ofالعَدَدُ because it is the root thereof, and because it implies quantity, for when it is said “ How many hast thou? ” it is as proper to answer “ One ” as it is to answer “ Three ” &c.: (Msb:) pl. أَعْدَادٌ. (TA.) ↓ مَا أَكْثَرَ عَدِيدَهُمْ means عَدَدَهُمْ [i. e. How great is their number!]. (A.) Zj says that عَدَدٌ is sometimes used in the sense of an inf. n.; as in the phrase in the Kur [xviii. 10], سِنِينَ عَدَدًا: but many say that it is in this instance used in its proper sense, meaning مَعْدُودَةً [i. e. numbered], and is made masc. because سِنِين is syn. with أَعْوَام. (Msb.) In the phrase وَأَحْصَى

كُلَّ شَىْءٍ عَدَدًا, in the Kur [lxxii. last verse], it is used in its proper sense of مَعْدُودًا, and is put in the accus. case as a denotative of state; or it is used in this case as an inf. n. (IAth, O.) b2: It signifies also The years of a man's life, which one numbers, or counts. (IAar, O, K. [In the CK, after the words وَالعَدَدُ المعدُودُ, a و should be inserted.]) Hence the phrase رَقَّ عَدَدُهُ The years of his life, which he numbered, became few, the greater part having passed. (IAar, O.) عِدَدٌ: see the next paragraph.

عِدَادٌ an inf. n. of 3 [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: يَوْمُ العِدَادِ [as expl. by Sh: see 3, first sentence. b3: Also] The day of giving: (S, O:) العِدَاد signifies العَطَآء (S, O, K) in this phrase. (S, O.) b4: And i. q. يَوْمُ العَرْضِ [which generally means The day of the last judgment]. (TA.) b5: And one says, أَتَيْتُ فُلَانًا فِى يَوْمِ عِدَادٍ meaning I came to such a one on a Friday (يوم حُمُعَةٍ), or on a Minor Festival (يوم فِطْرٍ), or on a Great Festival (يوم أَضْحَى). (O, K, * TA.) b6: And لَقِيتُ فُلَانًا عِدَادَ الثُّرَيَّا, (S, O, K,) or عِدَادَ الثُّرَيَّا القَمَرَ, and فِى

نُزُولِ القَمَرِ الثُّرَيَّا, (TA,) meaning I met such a one once in the month: (S, O, K:) because the moon makes its abode in الثريّا [the Pleiades, its third Mansion,] once in every month: (S, O:) IB [understood the meaning to be, once in the year; for he] asserts that, correctly, J should have said, because the moon is in conjunction with الثريّا once in every year, and that is on the fifth day of [the Syrian month] Ádhár [corresponding to March O. S.], agreeably with what is said in a verse of Ibn-Holáhil which will be found cited in what follows: but [this verse evidently relates to what was the case in its author's time; for it is well known that] the moon traverses the firmament once in every month, and is every night in a [different], Mansion, and it is therefore in [the Mansion of] الثريّا once in every month. (L, TA.) [Accord. to some,] one says, لَا آتِيكَ

إِلَّا عِدَادَ القَمَرِ الثُّرَيَّا, meaning I will not come to thee save once in the year: because the moon makes its abode in الثريّا but once in the year: (A:) and مَا يَأْتِينَا فُلَانٌ إِلَّا عِدَادَ الثُّرَيَّا القَمَرَ, and إِلَّا قِرَانَ القَمَرِ الثُّرَيَّا, meaning Such a one comes not to us save once in the year: and مَا أَلْقَاهُ إِلَّا الثُّرَيَّا القَمَرَ ↓ عِدَّةَ, and الّا عِدَادَ الثُّرَيَّا القَمَرَ, and الّا عِدَادَ الثُّرَيَّا مِنَ القَمَرِ, meaning I do not meet him save once in the year: (TA:) [but these explanations are probably founded upon a want of due consideration of a statement which here follows:] after citing this verse of Aseed, or Useyd, or Useiyid, [written in the TA اسيد,] Ibn-Holáhil, or Ibn-El-Holáhil, [thus differently written in different places,] إِذَا مَا قَارَنَ القَمَرُ الثُّرَيَّا لِثَالِثَةِ فَقَدْ ذَهَبَ الشِّتَآءُ [When the moon is in conjunction with the Pleiades in a third night, then winter has departed], AHeyth said, [as though what was the case at a particular period of a cycle were the case generally,] the moon is in conjunction with الثريّا only in a third night from the new moon, [meaning only once in the year in the third night,] and that is in the beginning of spring and the end of winter. (TA.) b7: And عِدَادٌ and ↓ عِدَدٌ, (S, O, K,) the latter a contraction of the former, used by poetic license, (S, O,) signify A paroxysm of pain which a person stung or bitten by a venomous reptile suffers on the completion of a year from the day on which he was stung or bitten: (S, O, K: *) a paroxysm of pain occurring at a certain period: (A:) a paroxysm such as that of a tertian, or quartan, fever; and the pain of poison which kills at a certain period: and the regular period of the return of a fever is called its عِدَاد. (TA.) One says, أَتَتْهُ اللَّسْعَةُ لِعِدَادٍ The pain of the venomous sting, or bite, returned to him with vehemence at the expiration of a year. (S, O, * K.) And بِهِ مَرَضٌ عِدَادٌ He has a malady that intermits and returns. (A.) And عِدَادُ السَّلِيمِ is said to signify A period of seven days from that on which the person has received a venomous sting or bite: when it has expired, his recovery is hoped for: as long as it has not expired, one says, هُوَ فِى

عِدَادِهِ. (A, TA.) [See also 3.] b8: عِدَادٌ signifies also The time of death. (O, K.) b9: And A day, or night, when the family of a person deceased assemble together to wail for him. (ISk, TA.) b10: And A touch of insanity or diabolical possession: (S, O, K:) or an affection resembling insanity or diabolical possession, that takes a man at certain times. (Az, TA.) One says, بِالرَّجُلِ عِدَادٌ In the man is a touch of insanity [&c.]. (S, O.) b11: And The twanging of a bow; (S, O, K; *) and so ↓ عَدِيدٌ. (O, K.) b12: See also the next paragraph, in five places: b13: and see عَدِيدَةٌ.

عَدِيدٌ: see عَدَدٌ, in three places. b2: Also A man who introduces himself into a tribe, to be numbered, or reckoned, as belonging to it, but has no kindred in it: (Msb:) or عَدِيدٌ قَوْمٍ signifies one who is numbered, or reckoned, among a people, (K, TA,) but is not with them (معهم [app. a mistranscription for مِنْهُمْ of them]); as also ↓ عِدَادٌ. (TA.) One says, فُلَانٌ عَدِيدُ بَنِى فُلَانٍ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) and ↓ مِنْ عِدَادِهِمْ, (Msb,) Such a one is numbered, or reckoned, among the sons of such a one. (S, Mgh, O, Msb.) And فِى بَنِى ↓ عِدَادُهُ فُلَانٍ He is numbered among the sons of such a one in the دِيوَان [or register of soldiers or pensioners]. (S, O, K.) And أَهْلِ ↓ فُلَانٌ فِى عِدَادِ الخَيْرِ Such a one is numbered, or reckoned, among the people of goodness, or of wealth. (S, O.) b3: And A like, or an equal; [originally, in number;] (A, O, K;) as also ↓ عِدٌّ and ↓ عِدَادٌ: (IAar, O, K:) pl. of the first عَدَائِدُ; and of the second and third أَعْدَادٌ. (TA.) One says, هٰذِهِ الدَّرَاهِمُ عَدِيدُ هٰذِهِ These dirhems are equal to these. (A, * TA.) And هُمْ عَدِيدُ الحَصَى وَالثَّرَى They are equal in multitude, or quantity, to the pebbles and the moist earth; (S, * O, * TA;) i. e. they are innumerable. (TA.) The saying of Aboo-Duwád, describing a mare, وَطِمِرَّةٍ كَهِرَاوَةِ الأَعْزَابِ لَيْسَ لَهَا عَدَائِدْ Th explains by saying that he likens her to the staff of the wayfarer, because of her being smooth, as though عدائد here meant knots: [so that, accord. to him, we should render the verse thus: and compact in make, or swift and excellent, like the staff of those who go far away with their camels to pasture, having no knots:] but Az says that the meaning is, [like Hiráwet-el-Aazáb (a celebrated mare)], having no equals. (TA.) A2: See also عِدَادٌ, last sentence but one.

عَدِيدَةٌ A lot, portion, or share: (IAar, O, K:) like غَدِيدَةٌ: (IAar, O:) pl. عَدَائِدُ; (IAar, O, TA;) with which ↓ عِدَادٌ is syn.: and عَدَائِدُ signifies also property divided into shares; and an inheritance [so divided]. (TA.) Lebeed says, تَطِيرُ عَدَائِدُ الأَشْرَاكِ شَفْعًا وَوِتْرًا وَالزَّعَامَةُ لِلْغُلَامِ The portions of property and inheritance of the sharers fly away in the course of time, two together and singly; but the lordship, or mastery, is still remaining for the boy: (IAar, TA:) or the poet means those who share with him [i. e. with the boy] (مَنْ يُعَادُّهُ) in the inheritance: or it (عدائد) is from عُدَّةُ المَالِ [i. e. what one prepares for a future time, of property]: (S, O:) for عدائد, in this verse, some read غَدَائِدُ. (L in art. غد [q. v.]) [See also زَعَامَةٌ.]

عِدَّانٌ and عَدَّانٌ The time, or period, of a thing; (IAar, K, TA;) as in the phrase أَنَا عَلَى عَدَّانِ ذٰلِكَ I was at the time, or period, of that; (IAar, TA;) and in the saying جِئْتُ عَلَى عَدَّانِ تَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ I came at the time of thy doing that; (TA;) and thus in the saying كَانَ ذٰلِكَ عَلَى عَدَّانِ فُلَانٍ

That was in the time of such a one: (S, O:) or the first, and best, or most excellent, part, (K, TA,) and the most, (TA,) of a thing; (K, TA;) accord. to Az, from أَعَدَّهُ “ he prepared it; ” and so in the saying كَانَ ذٰلِكَ فِى عَدَّانِ شَبَابِهِ and مُلْكِهِ [That was in the first and best and chief part of his young manhood and of his dominion]. (TA.) [See also art. عدن.]

A2: عِدَّانٌ as a contraction of عِتْدَانٌ: see عَتُودٌ, of which it is a pl. عَدْعَدَةٌ inf. n. of عَدْعَدَ [q. v.]. (IAar, O.) A2: And The cry, or crying, of the sand-grouse (القَطَا): (A 'Obeyd, O, K:) app. onomatopoetic. (A 'Obeyd, O.) جَيْشٌ أَعَدُّ An army in the most complete state of preparation, or equipment. (TA, from a trad.) مَعَدٌّ The side (ISd, TA) of a man and of a horse &c.: (L in art. معد [in which it is fully explained]:) المَعَدَّانِ signifies the places of the two boards of the saddle (S, * O, * A, K, * TA) upon the two sides of the horse. (A, TA.) One says, عَرِقَ مَعَدَّاهُ [The parts of his sides beneath the two boards of the saddle sweated]. (A, TA.) اللِّبْسَةُ المَعَدِّيَّةُ The mode of dress of the sons of Ma'add, which was coarse and rude. (S, from a trad. [See Q. Q. 2.]) مَعْدُودٌ [meaning Numbered, counted, reckoned, or computed,] is applied to any number, little or large; but مَعْدُودَاتٌ more particularly denotes few; and so does every pl. formed by the addition of ا and ت, as دُرَيْهِمَاتٌ and حَمَامَاتٌ; though it is allowable to use such a pl. to denote muchness. (Zj, TA.) الأَيَّامُ المَعْدُودَاتُ signifies The days called أَيَّامُ التَّشْرِيقِ; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) the three days next after the day of the sacrifice [which is the tenth of Dhu-l-Hijjeh]; thus called because they are few. (TA.) and one also says دَرَاهِمُ مَعْدُودَةٌ [lit. Numbered, or counted, dirhems] as meaning a few dirhems. (TA.) المُعَيْدِىُّ is the dim. of المَعَدِّىُّ, (S, O, K,) meaning He whose origin is referred to Ma'add, (S, O, TA,) and is originally المُعَيْدِدِىُّ, then المُعَيْدِّىُّ, and then المُعَيْدِىُّ, (IDrst, TA,) thus pronounced without the teshdeed of the د because the double teshdeed, (IDrst, S, O, K, TA,) that of the د with that of the ى after it, (IDrst, TA,) is found difficult of pronunciation, (IDrst, S, O, K, TA,) combined with the ى that denotes the dim.: (S, O, K:) it is thus pronounced in the prov., أَنْ تَسْمَعَ بِالْمُعَيْدِىِّ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَرَاهُ [Thy hearing of the Mo'eydee is better than thy seeing him]: (Ks, S, O:) or تَسْمَعُ بالمعيدىّ خير من ان تراه, (K, TA,) which means the same, the ع in تسمع being pronounced with damm because أَنْ is suppressed before it; but some pronounce it with nasb, regarding أَنْ as understood, though this is anomalous: (TA:) or تَسْمَعُ بِالْمُعَيْدِىِّ لَا

أَنْ تَرَاهُ; as though meaning hear thou of the Mo'eydee, but do not see him: (ISk, S, O, K:) of which three variants, the second is that which is best known: so says A 'Obeyd: (TA:) the prov. is applied to him who is of good repute, but whose outward appearance is contemned. (S, O, K, TA. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 223.]) مُعْتَدٌّ بِهِ A thing included in a numbering, or reckoning. (Msb.) [And hence, A thing of which account is made; that is accounted a matter of importance. See the verb.]

مُسْتَعِدَّاتٌ is used in a verse of Ibn-Mukbil as meaning The legs of a she-camel. (AA, TA voce أَطَامِيمُ, q. v.)

علم آداب الملوك
هو معرفة الأخلاق والملكات التي يجب أن يتحلى بها الملوك لتنتظم دولتهم وسيأتي تفصيله في علم السياسة.
وفيه كتاب الشيج القاضي الفاضل علي بن محمد الشوكاني سماه: الدرر الفاخرة الشاملة على سعادة الدنيا والآخرة.
قال في: مدينة العلوم: علم آداب الملوك هي أحوال رسمها الأمراء والملوك بالتجارب والحدس والرأي مما ينبغي أن يفعله أو يجتنبه.
وكتاب نصيحة الملوك للإمام الغزالي نافع في هذا الباب
ومن الكتب المصنفة فيه سراج الملوك للإمام أبي بكر بن الوليد بن محمد القرشي الفهدي الأندلسي الطرطوسي نسبة إلى طرطوسة - بضم المهملتين - بالأندلس في آخر بلاد المسلمين وسلوان المطاع في عدوان لابن ظفر انتهى وقد طبع هذا الأخير بمصر القاهرة في هذا الزمان وانتشر خبره في الجوائب
علم آداب الوزراء
ذكره أبو الخير من فروع الحكمة العملية وهو مندرج في علم السياسة فلا حاجة إلى إفرازه وإن كان فيه تأليف مستقل ك الإشارة وأمثاله.
وفي مدينة العلوم: هو علم يتعرف منه آداب الوزارة من كيفية صحبة السلاطين ونصحية الرعايا وأن يذكر السلطان ما نسيه ويعينه على أمره بالخير ويردعه عما قصده من الجور وكتاب الإشارة إلى آداب الوزارة نافع في هذا الباب وفي كتاب نصيحة الملوك وسراج الملوك ما يكفي انتهى.
قلت: وفي كتاب الدرر الفاخرة المشتملة على سعادة الدنيا والآخرة للشيخ العلامة العالم الرباني القاضي علي بن محمد الشوكاني فصول تتعلق بآداب الوزارة أتى فيه بما يقضي حق المقام وقد وقفت عليه وانتفعت به في كتابي إكليل الكرامة1 في تبيان مقاصد الإمامة وبالله التوفيق.
علم الأدب
هو علم يحترز به عن الخطأ في كلام العرب لفظا وخطا قال أبو الخير:
اعلم أن فائدة التخاطب والمحاورات في إفادة العلوم واستفادتها لما لم تتبين للطالبين إلا بالألفاظ وأحوالها كان ضبط أحوالها مما اعتنى به العلماء فاستخرجوا من أحوالها علوما انقسم أنواعها إلى اثني عشر قسما وسموها بالعلوم الأدبية لتوقف أدب الدرس عليها بالذات وأدب النفس بالواسطة وبالعلوم العربية أيضا لبحثهم عن الألفاظ العربية فقط لوقوع شريعتنا التي هي أحسن الشرائع وأفضلها أو أعلاها وأولاها على أفضل اللغات وأكملها ذوقا ووجدانا انتهى.
واختلفوا في أقسامه فذكر ابن الأنباري في بعض تصانيفه أنها ثمانية.
وقسم الزمخشري في القسطاس إلى اثني عشر قسما كما أورده العلامة الجرجاني في شرح المفتاح.
وذكر القاضي زكريا في حاشية البيضاوي أنها أربعة عشر وعد منها: علم القرآن قال: وقد جمعت حدودها في مصنف سميته اللؤلؤ النظيم في روم التعلم والتعليم لكن يرد عليه أن موضوع العلوم الأدبية كلام العرب وموضوع القراءات كلام الله - سبحانه وتعالى -
ثم إن السيد والسعد تنازعا في الاشتقاق هل هو مستقل كما يقوله السيد أو من تتمة علم الصرف كما يقوله السعد.
وجعل السيد البديع من تتمة البيان والحق ما قاله السيد في الاشتقاق لتغاير الموضوع بالحيثية المعتبرة وللعلامة الحفيد مناقشته في التعريف والتقسيم أوردها في موضوعاته حيث قال:
وأما علم الأدب: فعلم يحترز به عن الخلل في كلام العرب لفظا أو كتابة وههنا بحثان
الأول: أن كلام العرب بظاهره لا يتناول القرآن وبعلم الأدب يحترز عن خلله أيضا إلا أن يقال المراد بكلام العرب بكلام يتكلم العرب على أسلوبه.
الثاني: أن السيد - رحمه الله - تعالى قال: لعلم الأدب أصول وفروع.
أما الأصول فالبحث فيها إما عن المفردات من حيث جواهرها وموادها وهيئاتها فعلم اللغة أو من حيث صورها وهيئاتها فقط فعلم الصرف ومن حيث انتساب بعضها ببعض الأصالة والفرعية فعلم الاشتقاق وأما عن المركبات على الإطلاق.
فأما باعتبار هيئاتها التركيبية وتأديتها لمعانيها الأصلية فعلم النحو.
وأما باعتبار إفادتها لمعان مغايرة لأصل المعنى فعلم المعاني.
وأما باعتبار كيفية تلك الإفادة في مراتب الوضوح فعلم البيان وعلم البديع ذيل لعلمي المعاني والبيان داخل تحتهما وليس علما برأسه وأما عن المركبات الموزونة فأما من حيث وزنها فعلم العروض
أو من حيث أواخرها فعلم القوافي.
وأما الفروع: فالبحث فيها إما أن يتعلق بنقوش الكتابة فعلم الخط أو يختص بالمنظوم فالعلم المسمى بقرض الشعر أو بالنثر فعلم الإنشاء من الرسائل أو من الخطب ولا يختص بشيء فعلم المحاضرات ومنه التواريخ.
قال الحفيد: هذا منظور فيه فأورد النظر بثمانية أوجه.
حاصلها أنه يدخل بعض العلوم في المقسم دون الأقسام ويخرج بعضها منه مع أنه مذكور فيه وإن جعل التاريخ واللغة علما مدونا لمشكل إذ ليسا بمسائل كلية وجواب الأخير مذكور فيه ويمكن الجواب عن الجميع أيضا بعد التأمل الصادق.
وفي إرشاد القاصد للشيخ شمس الدين الأكفاني السخاوي: الأدب وهو علم يتعرف منه التفاهم عما في الضمائر بأدلة الألفاظ والكتابة.
وموضعه: اللفظ والخط من جهة دلالتها على المعاني ومنفعته: إظهار ما في نفس الإنسان من المقاصد وإيصاله إلى شخص آخر من النوع الإنساني حاضرا كان أو غائبا وهو حلية اللسان والبنان وبه تميز ظاهر الإنسان على سائر أنواع الحيوان.
وتنحصر مقاصده في عشرة علوم وهي: علم اللغة وعلم التصريف وعلم المعاني وعلم البيان وعلم البديع وعلم العروض وعلم القوافي وعلم النحو وعلم قوانين الكتابة وعلم قوانين القراءة وذلك لأن نظره:
إما في اللفظ أو الخط.
والأول: فإما في اللفظ المفرد أو المركب أو ما يعمهما.
وما نظره في المفرد: فاعتماده إما على السماع وهو اللغة أو على الحجة وهو التصريف.
وما نظره في المركب: فإما مطلقا أو مختصا بوزن.
والأول: إن تعلق بخواص تراكيب الكلام وأحكامه الإسنادية فعلم المعاني وإلا فعلم البيان.
والمختص بالوزن: فنظره إما في الصورة أو في المادة الثاني: علم البديع.
والأول: إن كان بمجرد الوزن فهو علم العروض وإلا فعلم القوافي وما يعم المفرد والمركب فهو علم النحو.
والثاني: فإن تعلق بصور الحروف فهو علم قوانين الكتابة.
وإن تعلق بالعلامات فعلم قوانين القراءة وهذه العلوم لا تختص بالعربية بل توجد في سائر لغات الأمم الفاضلة من اليونان وغيرهم.
واعلم أن هذه العلوم في العربية لم تؤخذ عن العرب قاطبة بل عن الفصحاء البلغاء منهم وهم الذين لم يخالطوا غيرهم كهذيل وكنانة بعض تميم وقيس وغيلان ومن يضاهيهم من عرب الحجاز وأوساط نجد.
فأما الذين أصابوا العجم في الأطراف فلم تعتبر لغاتهم وأحوالها في أصول هذه العلوم وهؤلاء كحمير وهمدان وخولان والأزد لمقاربتهم الحبشة والزنج وطي وغسان لمخالطتهم الروم والشام وعبد القيس لمجاورتهم أهل الجزيرة وفارس ثم أتى ذوو العقول السليمة والأذهان المستقيمة ورتبوا أصولها وهذبوا فصولها حتى تقررت على غاية لا يمكن المزيد عليها انتهى ما في كشاف واصطلاحات الفنون.
قال ابن جني: المولدون يستشهد بهم في المعاني كما يستشهد بالقدماء في الألفاظ
قال ابن رشيق: ما ذكره صحيح لأن المعاني اتسعت باتساع الناس في الدنيا وانتشار العرب بالإسلام في أقطار الأرض فإنهم حضروا الحواضر وتفننوا في المطاعم والملابس وعرفوا بالعيان ما دلتهم عليه بداهة عقولهم من فضل التشبيه وغيره انتهى.

زبر

1 زَبَرَ البِئْرَ, (A, TA,) [aor. ـُ and perhaps زَبِرَ also,] inf. n. زَبْرٌ, (S, K,) He cased the well, or walled it internally, with stones. (S, A, K.) b2: زَبْرٌ also signifies The disposing a building, or construction, one part upon another; (K;) [as is done in casing a well;] and in this sense likewise it is an inf. n., of which the verb is زَبَرَ. (TK.) b3: And زَبَرَهُ بِالحِجَارَةِ, (TA,) inf. n. زَبْرٌ, (K,) He threw stones at him; or pelted him with stones. (K, TA.) b4: And [hence, perhaps, or] from زَبَرَ in the first of the senses expl. above, because him whom you restrain from error you strengthen like as a well is strengthened by its being cased, (TA,) زَبَرَهُ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and زَبِرَ, (Ks, K,) inf. n. as above, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) He chid him; or checked, restrained, or forbade, him with rough speech: (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) he prevented, hindered, or withheld, him: (S, Mgh, K:) he forbade, or prohibited, him: (K:) he repelled him with strength. (MF in art. هزبر.) You say, زَبَرَهُ عَنِ الأَمْرِ He restrained him with rough speech, or forbade and prevented him, from doing the thing. (TA.) And زَبَرَ السَّائِلَ He chid and repelled the beggar with rough speech. (TA.) A2: زَبَرَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ and زَبِرَ, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, He wrote (S, A, Msb, K) a writing, or book: (A, Msb:) or he wrote it firmly, skilfully, or well: (TA:) and he inscribed, or engraved, upon stones: (Az, TA:) and ↓ تَزْبِرَةٌ, also, is syn. with كِتَابَةٌ, like زَبْرٌ, (S, K,) and خَطٌّ: As says, I heard an Arab of the desert say, أَنَا أَعْرِفُ تَزْبِرَتِى, meaning خَطِّى and كِتَابَتِى [i. e. I know my writing, or handwriting]: (S:) and Fr says, It is either an inf. n. of ↓ زَبَّرَ, meaning he wrote, though I know not the verb with teshdeed, or it is a simple subst. like تَوْدِيَةٌ: (TA:) thus زَبَرَ is syn. with ذَبَرَ: (A 'Obeyd, T and S in art. ذبر:) [and so, perhaps, is ↓ زَبَّرَ with ذَبَّرَ.] b2: And زَبَرْتُهُ signifies also I read it, or recited it; [or did so with a low, or faint, voice;] like ذَبَرْتُهُ [q. v.]. (As, TA.) b3: زَبْرٌ is also syn. with كَلَامٌ [as meaning The act of speaking, or speech as a subst.]: (K:) [SM says,] thus it is found in all the copies: but [he adds] I have not found any authoritative ex. of it, so it requires consideration. (TA.) [Accord. to the TK, however, one says, سَأَلْتُهُ فَمَا زَبَرَ لِى بِزَبْرٍ, meaning I asked him, and he spoke not to me a speech, or sentence]

A3: Accord. to the K, زَبْرٌ is also syn. with صَبْرٌ [meaning The being patient, or patience]: one says, مَا لَهُ زَبْرٌ وَلَاصَبْرٌ: ISd says, This is mentioned by IAar; but in my opinion, the meaning here is عَقْلٌ. (TA. [See زَبْرٌ below.]) [Or, as syn. with صَبْرٌ, it may be an inf. n.: for, accord. to the TK, one says, لم يزبر عليه, meaning He did not endure it with patience (لَمْ يَصْبِرْ).]

A4: زَبُرَ, inf. n. زَبَارَةٌ, He (a ram) was, or became, bulky. (Lth, TA.) 2 زَبَّرَ see 1, in two places.4 ازبر He (a man, TA) was, or became, large in body. (K.) b2: And He was, or became, courageous, brave, or strong-hearted. (K.) A2: أَزْبَرْتُهُ, inf. n. إِزْبَارٌ, I rendered him (a ram) bulky. (Lth, TA.) 5 تزبّر He (a man) quaked, or trembled, by reason of anger. (TA. [See also Q. Q. 4.]) Q. Q. 1 زَأْبَرَ (S, A, K) and زَوْبَرَ (K) [and app. زَيْبَرَ (see مُزَأْبِرٌ)], said of a garment, or piece of cloth, (S, A, K,) Its زِئْبِر [or nap] came forth; (S, K; *) it had زِئْبِر. (TA.) A2: Also the first, [and app. the second and third likewise,] He made a garment, or piece of cloth, to have its زِئْبِر [or nap] come forth. (K.) [This verb and other similar words with hemzeh next after the ز are mentioned in the K in a separate art. before art. زبر.] Q. Q. 4 اِزْبَأَرَّ It (fur, or soft hair, and a plant, or herbage) grew forth. (S, K, TA.) b2: It (hair) bristled up. (S, A, K.) b3: He (a dog [and a horse]) bristled up his hair. (S, K.) Marrár Ibn-Munkid El-Handhalee says, (S, TA,) describing a horse, (TA,) فَهْوَ وَرْدُ اللَّوْنِ فِى ازْبِئْرَارِهِ وَكُمَيْتُ اللَّوْنِ مَا لَمْ يَزْبَئِرْ [And he is of a yellowish red colour on the occasion of his bristling up his hair, and of a dark bay colour as long as he does not bristle up his hair]. (S, TA.) b4: Also He (a cat) had abundance of hair. (TA.) b5: And He (a man) prepared for evil, or mischief: (K, TA:) or became affected by a quaking, or trembling, and a bristling-up of the hair. (TA) زَبْرٌ Stones. (K.) b2: [The stone casing of the interior of a well: see جُولٌ. b3: And hence,] (tropical:) Understanding, intellect, or intelligence, (S, A, K,) and judgment, (TA,) and self-restraint: (S, A:) originally an inf. n. [accord. to some; but this is evidently a mistake, as is shown by phrases in which it is coupled with جُولٌ]. (S.) One says, مَا لَهُ زَبْرٌ (tropical:) He has not understanding, or intellect, or intelligence, nor self-restraint: (S, A:) or judgment: or understanding to be relied upon. (TA.) And لَهُ زَبْرٌ وَجُولٌ: and مَا فَوْقَ ↓ هُوَ مَزْبُورٌ الجُولِ مِنْهُ وَصُلْبٌ مَا تَحْتَ الزَّبْرِ مِنَ الجُولِ: see جُولٌ. One says also of the wind, when it veers, or shifts, and does not continue to blow from one point, لَيْسَ لَهَا زَبْرٌ (tropical:) [It has not steadiness]. (TA.) A2: See also زِبِرٌّ.

زِبْرٌ [A thing] written; as also ↓ زَبِيرٌ: (K:) [or] a writing, or book; (S;) as also ↓ زَبُورٌ, of the measure فَعُولٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (S, Msb, K,) like رَسُولٌ: (Msb, TA:) زَبُورٌ signifying any writing or book: or any divine book with which it is difficult to become acquainted: or a book that is confined to intel-lectual science, exclusive of legal statutes or ordinances: (TA:) ↓ الزَّبُورُ signifies particularly the Book [of the Psalms] of David: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) and also, and لُغَةُ الزَّبُورِ, the Syriac [or Hebrew] language: (Mgh:) the pl. of زِبْرٌ is زُبُورٌ; (S, K;) and the pl. of ↓ زَبُورٌ is زُبُرٌ. (S, Msb, K.) It is said in the Kur [xxi. 105], وَلَقَدْ كَتَبْنَا فِى

مِنْ بَعْدِ الذِّكْرِ ↓ الزَّبُورِ, meaning And we have written in the book sent down to David, after the تَوْرَاة [or Book of the Law revealed to Moses]: (Aboo-Hureyreh, TA:) Sa'eed Ibn-Jubeyr read الزُّبُور, [pl. of الزِّبْرُ,] and said that it means the Book of the Law revealed to Moses (التوراة) and the Gospel and the Kur-án [together]; and that الذكر means what is in heaven: (TA:) and some also read زُبُورًا in the Kur iv. 161 and xvii. 57. (S, TA.) زَبَرٌ, syn. with زَوْبَرٌ &c.: see زِئْبِرٌ.

زُبْرَةٌ A piece of iron: (S, Msb, K:) or a big piece of iron: (TA:) pl. زُبَرٌ (S, Msb, K) and زُبُرٌ. (S, K.) The former pl. occurs in the Kur xviii.

95. (S.) It is also said in the Kur [xxiii. 55], فَتَقَطَّعُوا أَمْرَهُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ زُبُرًا, (S, TA,) and زُبَرًا; (TA;) meaning قِطَعًا, (S, TA,) in both cases; (Fr;) [i.e., But they have become divided, in their state, among themselves, into parties:] or he who reads زُبُرًا makes it pl. of ↓ زَبُورٌ, not of زُبْرَةٌ; for the measure فُعْلَةٌ does not assume the measure فُعُلٌ in the pl.; and the meaning is, they have made their religion [to be founded upon] various books: and زُبَرٌ is pl. of زُبْرَةٌ: or it may be also pl. of ↓ زَبُورٌ, and originally زُبُرٌ, being changed therefrom, like as some of the Arabs are related to have said جُدَدٌ for the pl. of جَدِيدٌ, which is originally and regularly جُدُدٌ; after the same manner as when one says رُكَبَاتٌ for رُكُبَاتٌ, and غُرَفَاتٌ for غُرُفَاتٌ: and this opinion is strengthened by AA's allowing the reading زُبُرًا and زُبْرًا and زُبَرًا; زُبْرًا being a contraction of زُبُرًا, like as عُنْقٌ is of عُنُقٌ. (IB, TA.) b2: The anvil (K) of a blacksmith. (TA.) A2: The upper part of the back, next the neck; or the part between the two shoulder-blades; or the part where the neck is joined to the back-bone; syn. كَاهِلٌ: (K:) or the place of the كاهل: (S:) or a certain thing rising from the كاهل: (TA:) pl. in this sense, أَزْبَارٌ; or this is a pl. pl., as though it were pl. of زُبَرٌ, and this were pl. of زُبْرَةٌ in this sense. (TA.) One says, شَدَّ لِلْأَمْرِ زُبْرَتَهُ He strengthened his كَاهِل and his back for the affair. (TA.) b2: Also, hence, (S,) The accumulation, or mass, of hair which is between the shoulder-blades of the lion; (S in art. لبد;) [the mane of a lion;] the collection of hair (Lth, A, K) between the shoulderblades of the lion &c., (K,) or upon the place of the كَاهِل [expl. above], and upon the elbows, of the lion; (Lth, A;) and any hair in a similar collected state. (Lth, TA.) b3: And [hence,] الزُّبْرَةُ (tropical:) A certain asterism; (K;) two bright stars [d and q], (S, K,) in the كَاهِل [or part of the back next the neck], (K,) or which are the كَاهِلَانِ, (S,) of Leo; (S, K;) one [namely the Eleventh] of the Mansions of the Moon: (S, K:) [also called الخَرَاتَانِ: see this word: and see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل:] it is of the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) [This description is incorrect if applied to the constellation as at present figured; but doubtless correct when applied to it as figured by the Arabs. Kzw, in his description of Leo, says that they are two stars, on the belly, and on the projecting part of the haunch-bone, of Leo.] b4: Also The breast, or what projects of its upper part, (syn. صُدْرَةٌ,) of any beast. (TA.) زِبِرٌّ, applied to a lion, (S, TA,) and to a man, (TA,) Strong; (AA, S, K, TA;) as also ↓ زَبْرٌ. (K.) زَبُورٌ: see زِبْرٌ, in four places; and see زُبْرَةٌ, in two places.

زَبِيرٌ: see زِبْرٌ.

A2: Applied to a ram, Bulky: (Lth, TA:) or large in the زُبْرَة [q. v.]: or compact. (TA.) b2: Applied to a man, Strong: and also acute, sharp, or quick, in intellect; clever, ingenious, skilful, knowing, or intelligent. (TA.) A3: Also A calamity, or misfortune; (Fr, K;) and so ↓, زَوْبَرٌ, (Mohammad Ibn-Habeeb, TA,) which has been said to have this meaning in a verse of Ibn-Ahmar cited below voce زِئْبِرٌ. (TA.) A4: And Black mud; or black fetid mud. (Sgh, K.) زَأْبَرٌ: see the next paragraph.

زُؤْبُرٌ: see the next paragraph.

زِئْبِرٌ (S, and K in art. زأبر, in the CK [erroneously] written زِئْبَر,) and زِئْبُرٌ, (S, K,) sometimes thus pronounced, (S,) or this, which is mentioned by IJ and ISd, is incorrect, (K, * TA,) and ↓ زُؤْبُرٌ and ↓ زُوبُرٌ and ↓ زَوْبَرٌ, (K in arts. زأبر and زبر,) as also زَغْبَرٌ or زِغْبَرٌ (as in two different copies of the K in art. زغبر) or زِغْبِرٌ (as in another copy of the K and in the O and TA in the same art.) and زَغْبُرٌ (accord. to a copy of the K in that art.) or زِغْبُرٌ, (O and TA in that art., and so accord. to one copy of the K,) [The nap, or villous substance, upon the surface of a garment, or piece of cloth;] what is upon the surface of a new garment, or piece of cloth, like what is upon the surface of [the kind of cloth called] خَزّ; (S, TA;) the زِئْبِر of [the kind of cloth called] خَزّ, and of a قَطِيفَة, and of any garment, or piece of cloth; (Lth, TA;) the زغبر of a garment, or piece of cloth; (Az, TA;) or what appears of the دَرْز [q. v., here meaning nap, or villous substance,] of a garment, or piece of cloth. (IJ, K.) [Hence] one says, ذَهَبَتِ الأَيَّامُ بِطَرَاوَتِهِ وَنَفَضَتْ زِئْبِرَهُ (tropical:) [lit. Days took away its freshness, and shook off its nap]; meaning its age became old. (A, TA.) And ↓ أَخَذَهُ بِزَوْبَرِهِ (S, A, K) and ↓ زَأْبَرِهِ (S, K) and ↓ زَبَرِهِ, (K,) as also زَغْبَرِهِ, (S, and K * in art. زغبر,) and ↓ زَنَوْبَرِهِ, incorrectly written in the K زَبَوْبَرِهِ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He took it altogether, (S, A, K,) leaving nothing of it. (S.) Ibn-Ahmar says, وَإِنْ قَالَ عَاوٍ مِنْ مَعَدٍّ قَصِيدَةً

بِهَا جَرَبٌ عُدَّتْ عَلَىَّ بِزَوْبَرَا i. e. (assumed tropical:) [And if a howler of Ma'add utters an ode in which is a fault,] it is attributed to me altogether, (S, * L,) when I have not been the author of it: (L:) the last word, accord. to Aboo-'Alee [El-Fárisee], being imperfectly decl. because made a proper name for the قصيدة, and therefore combining the two qualities of being determinate and being of the fem. gender: so he said in answer to a question of IJ: but some say that the said word there means a calamity, or misfortune: and IB says that it is a proper name for a bitch (كلبة [if this be not a mistranscription]), of the fem. gender. (TA. [In one copy of the S, I find only the last three words of this verse: in another, it commences thus: إِذَا قَالَ غَاوٍ مِنْ تَنُوخَ: in the TA, the former reading is given, except that غَاوٍ is put in the place of عَاوٍ.]) One says also, ↓ رَجَعَ بِزَوْبَرِهِ (assumed tropical:) He returned disappointed, or unsuccessful; (TA;) without having obtained anything; (K, TA;) and without having accomplished his want. (TA.) زَوْبَرٌ: see زَبِيرٌ: A2: and see also زِئْبِرٌ, in four places.

زُوبُرٌ: see زِئْبِرٌ.

زَنْبَرِىٌّ: see art. زنبر.

زِنْبَارٌ: see art. زنبر.

زُنْبُورٌ: see art. زنبر.

أَخَذَهُ بِزَنَوْبَرِهِ: see زِئْبِرٌ.

أَزْبَرُ and ↓ مَزْبَرَانِىٌّ (the latter written in [some of] the copies of the K, [not in all of them, for in the CK it is written as above,] مُزْبِرٌ, which is a mistake, TA) Large in the زُبْرَة [q. v.]: (S, K:) the former applied to a man, and the latter to a lion: (S:) or, accord. to ISd, Khálid Ibn-Kulthoom is in error in saying that the latter is an epithet applied to the lion; and that the correct word is مَرْزُبَانِىٌّ: the fem. of the former is زَبْرَآءُ. (TA.) b2: Also the former, Annoying, or hurting. (Sgh, K.) b3: قَدْ هَاجَتْ زَبْرَآءُ [Zebrà has become excited], (S,) or هَاجَتْ زَبْرَآؤُهُ His anger has become excited, is said of any man when this has been the case: (TA:) [it is said that] Zebrà was a clamorous and foul-tongued slave-girl of ElAhnaf Ibn-Keys; and when she was angry, he used to say, قد هاجت زبرآء: and it became a proverb. (S, TA.) تَزْبِرَةٌ: see 1.

مِزْبَرٌ A writing-reed; (S, A, K, TA;) a reed with which one writes. (TA.) مَزْبَرَةٌ: see art. زنبر.

مَزْبَرَانِىٌّ: see أَزْبَرُ.

بِئْرٌ مَزْبُورَةٌ A well cased, or walled internally, with stones. (S.) b2: See also زَبْرٌ.

مُزَأْبِرٌ and مُزَأْبَرٌ (S, K) and ↓ مُزَوْبِرٌ and ↓ مُزَيْبِرٌ, or ↓ مُزَوْبَرٌ and ↓ مُزَيْبَرٌ, (accord. to different copies of the K,) the third and fourth and the fifth and sixth said by Fr to be dial. vars. of the first and second, (Sgh, TA,) A garment, or piece of cloth, having nap (زِئْبِر) upon it: (S, K:) [or the second and fifth and sixth, having its nap made to come forth:] or the first is applied to a man [as meaning making to have its nap come forth; and so the third and fourth]: and the second, to a garment or a piece of cloth [as having the second of the meanings expl. above; and so the fifth and sixth]. (TA.) مُزَوْبَرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُزَيْبَرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سجن

1 سَجَنَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. سَجْنٌ, (S, Msb,) He imprisoned him. (S, Msb, K.) b2: [Hence,] it is said in a trad., مَا شَىْءٌ أَحَقَّ بِطُولِ السَّجْنِ مِنْ لِسَانٍ (assumed tropical:) [There is not anything more deserving of long restraint than a tongue]. (L.) b3: And سَجَنَ الهَمَّ (tropical:) He secreted anxiety; did not reveal it. (L, K.) A poet says, وَ لَا تَسْجُنَنَّ الهَمَّ إِنَّ لِسَجْنِهِ عَنَآءً وَ حَمِّلْهُ المَهَارَى النَّوَاجِيَا (tropical:) [And by no means secrete thou anxiety: verily to the secreting thereof pertains embarrassment: but load with it fleet camels of Mahreh]. (L.) 2 سجّنهُ, inf. n. تَسْجِينٌ, i. q. شَقَّقَهُ [He cut it, or divided it, lengthwise; clave it; split it; &c.]. (K.) b2: And سجّن النَّخْلَ He made the palmtrees to be such as are termed سِلْتِين [or سِجِّين; i. e. he dug at their feet trenches to conduct the water to them when it did not reach to them]. (K.) سِجْنٌ A prison; (S, L, Msb, K;) as also ↓ سِجِّينٌ: (L:) pl. of the former سُجُونٌ. (Mgh, Msb.) سَجِينٌ is syn. with ↓ مَسْجُونٌ [Imprisoned]; pl. سُجَنَآءُ and سَجْنَى: and is applied to a female likewise, as also سَجِينَةٌ; pl. سَجْنَى and سَجَائِنُ. (K.) سَجَّانٌ The keeper of a prison. (K.) سِجِّينٌ: see سِجْنٌ. b2: [In the Kur lxxxiii. 7,] A certain place in which is the record [of the deeds] of the wicked; (S, L, K;) or, as I 'Ab says, in which are their registers: AO says, it is of the measure فِعِّيلٌ from السِّجْنُ, like الفِسِّيقُ from الفِسْقُ: (S, L:) or a certain valley in Hell: or a certain stone, [or rock,] (L, K,) beneath, (L,) or in, (K,) the seventh earth: (L, K:) [these explanations are given by those who hold that مَا سِجِّينٌ in the next verse is for مَا كِتَابُ سِجِّينٍ:] or it there means a register comprising the deeds of the wicked, (Bd, Jel, *) of the jinn, or genii, and of mankind, (Bd,) or of the devils and the unbelievers: (Jel:) or ما سجّين in the next verse is for ما كتاب سجّين, and the meaning is the place, (Bd, Jel,) which is beneath the seventh earth, the abode of Iblees and his forces: (Jel:) IAth says, it occurs in a trad. with the article ال; and without that article it is a proper name for the fire [of Hell], and hence the mention of it in the Kur lxxxiii. 7. (L.) [See also سِجِّيلٌ.]

A2: Also Anything hard: (L:) and hard, vehement, or severe; (S, L, K;) applied to a beating. (S, L.) b2: And Continuing, lasting, or everlasting; syn. دَائِمٌ; (L, K;) as also سِجِّيلٌ: so accord. to El-Muärrij. (L. [See, again, سِجِّيلٌ.]) A3: And i. q. عَلَانِيَة: (L, K:) so in the saying, عَمِلَ ذٰلِكَ سِجِّينًا [He did that openly, or publicly]. (L.) A4: Also Palm-trees (نَخْل) such as are termed سِلْتِين (As, L, K) in the dial. of the people of El-Bahreyn; (As, L;) [app. meaning that the latter word is of that dial.; for it is said that] the Arabs [app. the Arabs in general] say سِجِّين in the place of سِلْتِين, which is not Arabic: (L:) the palm-trees thus termed are such as have trenches dug at their feet to conduct the water to them when it has not reached to them. (L, and K in art. سلتن.) سَاجُونٌ Iron such as is termed أَنِيث [i. e. female, meaning soft]. (L.) مَسْجَنَةٌ, accord. to Freytag, The act of imprisoning: but it seems rather to be a word of the class of مَبْخَلَةٌ and مَجْبَنَةٌ &c., and to signify a cause of imprisonment.]

مَسْجُونٌ: see سَجِينٌ.