سوى: سَوى: ساوى، له ثمن. وقد ذكر سَوي الفعل الماضي في بيت ذكر في ألف ليلة (1: 50) انظر لين في مادة ساوى.
سَوِي: أثمر، أغّل، حصل على دخل (ألكالا).
سَوِي: ساوى أكثر، له ثمن أكثر (ألكالا).
سَوي: يسوى أي يصلح (محيط المحيط).
سَوًّى (بالتشديد). سوّى الرَقّ: صقله وجعله أملس لامعاً من كثرة دلكه كما يفعل المشارقة. (عباد 1: 154).
سَوَّى: عدّل، جعله مستوياً (بوشر).
سَوَّى: ضبط ودوزن الآلة الموسيقية (ألكالا) والمصدر منه تسوية. وفي حيان - بسام (3: 50 ف): فأخذت العود وقعدت تسوّيه.
سَوَّى: رتب، نظّم، هيّأ (البكري ص71). وفي رياض النفوس (ص35 و): وكانت المرأة سوَّت البيت وبخرته وأوقدت المصباح (ألف ليلة: 1: 80).
سَوَّى: طبخ الطعام. (لين، ألف ليلة 4: 20) سَوَّى: صنع، فعل (بوشر) وفي محيط المحيط: سوَّيت الشيء أي صنعته، وكيف أُسَوِي أي كيف أفعل.
ساوى الآلة الموسيقية: ضبطها ووزنها (ألكالا).
ساوى بينهم: اصلح (بوشر).
ساوى: وفق بين الآراء (ألكالا).
ساوى: أعزّ، وقّر، أكرم، اعتبر (ألكالا).
ساوى: ما قل وعادل. وساوى به وله: لحق به، وسادى بينهما: جعلهما يتماثلان ويتعادلان (معجم مسلم).
استوى قولهم استوى جالساً لم يفسره لين تفسيراً حسناً. ويستعمل حين يكون المرء مضطجعاً أو متكئاً فيستقيم ويعتدل في جلسته. ففي مختارات من تاريخ العرب (ص274) فلما دخل عليه وجده في صدر متكئاً فلم يقم له ولا استوى جالساً.
ويقال أيضاً: استوى قائماً أي قام مستقيماً معتدلاً (بوشر، كليلة ودمنة ص13).
استوى فلان لي خَصْماً: أي صار لي خصماً وتعين. (محيط المحيط).
استوى مع فلان: اصطلح معه (بوشر بربرية) استوى: نضج (محيط المحيط، همبرت ص51) برجون، هلو (وفيه اشتوى بالشين بدل السين). ألف ليلة: 3: 620 وفيها كان ناضجاً).
استوى: انظر المصدر والمفعول به فيما يلي.
سِيّ. سِيّما: تستعمل من غير لا قبلها وهو خطأ وقع فيه مؤلفون قدماء. تجده مثلاً في الزراعة النبطية لابن العوام (1: 115) وفي كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص305): كان مبرَّاً من ذلك منزَّهاً سِيّما إنه لم يزل الغم يسري في قلبه الخ. وتجده عنده البيضاوي (1: 11). وهذا الاستعمال كثير عند الكتاب المتأخرين في مصر والمغرب، ففي النويري (الأندلس ص456): كان قد بلغه عن عامل اسمه ربيع إنه ظلم سيما أهل الذمّة. (ميرسنج ص26، المقدمة 1: 9، 70، 217، 2: 86).
سواة. على سواة: في محاذاة، في صف، يقال: بيته في سواة الجامع.
سواتَيْن: سيّان، سواء، لا يعبأ ولا يكترث بفعله، ليس بالجيد ولا بالرديء (بوشر).
سواة: بعد كل حساب، مع ذلك.
سواة: تساويا في سوء المعاملة عند الجدال (بوشر).
سَوَاء: بغية، مراد، مرام (فوك).
سَوَاء: جميعاً، سويّة، مُشاع، صحبة، رفقة، معاً، في نفس الوقت (بوشر) ويقال أيضاً: سوا بسوا (قصة عنتر ص36).
سَوَاء: استقامة، باستقامة، قبالة، تلقاء، تجاه، حذاء (بوشر).
سَوَاء: تماماً، بالضبط، بدقة (معجم الادريسي، دي يونج، تاريخ البربر 2: 3، 14.
شَرْعَ أنْ سَوَا: شَرْعاً سواء، جميعاً (فوك) عدّ ما بقى في كيسه ما اجاسوا أو ما طلع سوا. أي عدّ ما بقي في كيسع من الدراهم فلم يجد ما ينتفع به (بوشر).
سويّ: مستوي الخلق لا داء به ولا عيب، وهو مرادف صحيح (ابن بطوطة 4: 201، 291) وقد أسيئت ترجمتها.
وفي رياض النفوس (ص97 د): يا كذّاب هذا أنا صحيح سوي (ألف ليلة برسل 12: 352).
سَوِيّ: صفة نوع من التمر (زيشر 18: 550).
سَوِيّة: تثمين، تسعير، تقدير (ألكالا).
تَسَاو: مصالحة، طريقة للاتفاق، تسوية الخلاف (بوشر).
مُساويَة: مصالحة، توفيق، إصلاح، اتفاق لحل الخلاف في أمر من الأمور (بوشر).
اسْتِواء: مطابقة، موافقة، ملاءمة (بوشر).
استواء: اتفاق، تراض (هلو).
استواء: توافق الأصوات في الموسيقى (ألكالا).
استواء: نضج. يقال: استواء بلاغ الأثمار، بلوغ أو ثمار وقت نضجها (بوشر).
على غير استواء: منحرف المزاج، مريض (ألف ليلة 1: 588، 605).
مُسُتَوٍ ومُسْتَوي: سهل، مهاد، وكذلك مُسْتَواة (معجم الطرائف).
مُسْتوٍ: ناضج. ورجل مستو: عاقل، حكم (بوشر).

سو

ى1 سَوِىَ, aor. ـْ see 3, in two places.

A2: [Accord. to Golius, سَوَى, inf. n. سِوًى, signifies He intended, or proposed to himself: this he says as on the authority of the KL, in which only the inf. n. is mentioned with the explanation قصد وآهنگ كردن: and to this, Freytag adds the authority of Meyd; and also that the verb governs the thing which is its objective complement in the accus. case. In the S and other lexicons of good repute, I find the meaning of قَصَدَ assigned to اِسْتَوَى followed by إِلَى; but in none to سَوَى.]2 سوّاهُ, (S, M, &c.,) inf. n. تَسْوِيَةٌ, (K,) He made it equal, equable, uniform, even, level, flat, plane or plain; (S, * M, MA, Msb, K;) or equal in respect of elevation or of depression; (Er-Rághib, TA;) [and straight, right, direct, or rightly directed; (see its quasi-pass. 8;)] and ↓ اسواهُ signifies the same; (M, K;) namely, a place, (Msb, K,) or a thing, (S, M, Er-Rághib, TA,) or an uneven, or a crooked, thing. (Mgh.) It is said in a trad., فَأَمَرَ بِالخِرَبِ فَسُوِّيَتْ [And he gave orders respecting the ruins, and they were levelled]. (TA in art. خرب.) And in another trad., سَوَّيْنَا عَلَى رُقَيَّةَ, meaning We buried Ru-keiyeh, and made the earth of the grave even, or level, over her. (Mgh.) [Hence also,] سُوِّيتْ عَلَيْهِ الأَرْضُ: see 8. And hence the saying in the Kur [iv. 45], لُوْ تُسَوَّى بِهِمُ الْأَرْضُ, (TA,) i. e. That they were buried, and that the ground were made level over them; (S, * Bd;) بِ being here syn. with عَلَى: (TA in art. ب:) or the meaning is, that they became like the dust of the earth; (M, Jel;) thus expl. by Th; (M;) or that they had not been created, and that they and the earth were alike. (Bd.) [Hence also,] بَلَى قَادِرِينَ عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّىَ بَنَانَهُ, in the same [lxxv. 4], is said to mean [Yea: we are able] to make his hand like the foot of the camel, without fingers: or to make his fingers uniform, of one measure or size: (TA:) or the meaning is, we are able to put together the bones of his fingers [consistently] as they were. (Bd, Jel.) And بَيْنَ ↓ حَتَّى إِذَا سَاوَى

الصَّدَفَيْنِ, in the Kur [xviii. 95], means سَوَّى

بَيْنَهُمَا [i. e. Until, when he had made the space between the two sides of the mountains even, or level, by filling it up]. (TA.) b2: [Also He made it uniform, equal, or consimilar, with another thing.] One says, سَوَّيْتُهُ بِهِ, (M, K,) inf. n. as above; (K;) and به ↓ سَاوَيْتُهُ, (M, * TA, TK,) and به ↓ أَسْوَيْتُهُ; I made it uniform, or equal, with it; or like it: (M, K, TA:) and ↓ سَاوَيْتُ هٰذَا بِذَاكَ I raised this so as to make it equal in measure, or quantity, or amount, with that. (TA.) And سَوَّيْتُ بَيْنَهُمَا, and ↓ سَاوَيْتُ, (S, M, K,) I made them uniform, or equal, each with the other; or like each other. (M, K, TA.) b3: [and He made it symmetrical or symmetrically, by, or with, a just adaptation of its component parts; made it congruous or consistent in its several parts, or with congruity or consistency in its several parts: he made it, formed it, or fashioned it, in a suitable manner: he made it to be adapted, or so as to be adapted, to the exigencies, or requirements, of its case, or of wisdom: he made it complete, or in a complete manner; completed it, or completed its make: he made it right or good, or in a right or good manner; rectified it; adjusted it; or put it into a right, or good, state.] In the Kur xxxii. 8, it means He made him symmetrical [or symmetrically], by the fit, or suitable, formation of his members. (Bd,) And سَوَّيْتُهُ in the same, xv. 29 and xxxviii. 72, I made his creation symmetrical: (Bd:) or I completed him, or made him complete. (Jel.) And سَوَّى in the same, lxxxvii. 2, He made what He created congruous or consistent in the several parts. (Jel.) And الَّذِى خَلَقَكَ فَسَوَّاكَ, in the same [lxxxii. 7], means [Who created thee,] and made thy creation to be adapted to the exigencies, or requirements, of wisdom. (TA.) وَنَفْسٍ وَمَا سَوَّاهَا, in the same, [xci. 7, means By a soul and what made it to be adapted to its exigencies, i. e., to the performance of its functions, for it] is indicative of the faculties of the soul: this explanation is more proper than that which makes ما to mean [Him who, i. e.] God. (TA.) And رَفَعَ سَمْكَهَا فَسَوَّاهَا, in the same, lxxix. 28, means He hath raised high [its canopy, or] the measure of its elevation from the earth, or its thickness upwards, and made it symmetrical, or even, (Bd,) or completed it by adorning it with the stars, (Bd, TA, *) agreeably with what is said in the Kur xxxvii. 6, (TA,) and by means of the revolvings [thereof], &c.: from the saying next following. (Bd.) سوّى

فُلَانٌ أَمْرَهُ Such a one rectified, or adjusted, his affair; or put it into a right, or good, state. (Bd in lxxix. 28.) [Hence,] one says, سَوِّ وَلَا تُسَوِّئْ Rectify thou, and do not corrupt, or mar. (A and TA in art. سوأ.) [One says also, سوّى

الطَّعَامَ He cooked the food thoroughly: see 8 as its quasi-pass.] And سوّى فُلَانٌ مَنْصُوبَةً [Such a one framed a stratagem, or plot]. (TA in art. نصب.) A2: سَوَّى [as an intrans. verb, if not a mistranscription for سُوِّىَ], inf. n. as above: see 8.

A3: And سُوِّىَ, [app. for سُوِّئَ,] inf. n. as above, signifies It was, or became, altered [for the worse]; syn. غُيِّرَ. (TA.) 3 ساواهُ, (S, * M, * Msb,) inf. n. مُسَاوَاةٌ (M, Er-Rághib, Msb, TA) and سِوآءٌ, (M,) It was, or became, equal to it, (S, Er-Rághib, Msb, TA,) and like it, in measure, extent, size, bulk, quantity, or amount, and in value, (Msb, TA,) or in linear measure, and in weight, and in the measure of capacity, [as well as in value:] one says هٰذَا لِذٰلِكَ الثَّوْبِ ↓ الثَّوْبُ مُسَاوٍ [This garment, or piece of cloth, is equal in length and breadth to that garment, or piece of cloth]; and هٰذَا الثَّوْبُ لِذٰلِكَ الدِّرْهَمِ ↓ مُسَاوٍ [This garment, or piece of cloth, is equivalent to that dirhem]: and sometimes it means in mode, or manner of being: one says, لِذٰلِكَ السَّوَادِ ↓ هٰذَا السَّوَادُ [This blackness is equal in quality to this blackness]. Er-Rághib, TA.) It is said in a trad., سَاوَى الظِّلُّ التِّلَالَ The shade, or shadow, was like, in its extent, to the mounds, in their height. (TA.) [and ساوى الشَّىْءُ رَأْسَهُ means The thing equalled in height his head: see an ex. of the verb tropically used in this sense voce سِىٌّ.] One says also, هٰذَا يُسَاوِى دِرْهَمًا This is worth, or equal in its value to, a dirhem: and in a rare dial., one says, دِرْهَمًا ↓ سَوِىَ, aor. ـْ (Msb, TA;) which Az disallows, saying, one says ساواه, but not يَسْوَاهُ. (Msb.) And هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ لَا يُسَاوِى كَذَا This thing is not equivalent to [or is not worth] such a thing: (Fr, S:) or لَايُسَاوِى شَيْئًا [It (a garment, or some other thing, M) is not worth anything]: (M, K:) ↓ لا يَسْوَى is of a rare dial., (K,) unknown to Fr, (S,) disallowed by A'Obeyd, but mentioned by others: (M:) Az says that it is not of the language of the Arabs [of pure speech], (Msb, TA,) but is post-classical; and in like manner ↓ لا يُسْوِى is not correct Arabic: this last is with damm to the [first] ى: MF says that the generality of authorities disallow it, and the Fs expressly disallows it, but the expositors thereof say that it is correct and chaste, of the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz, though an instance of a verb of which the aor. only is used. (TA.) One says likewise, ساوى الرَّجُلُ قِرْنَهُ The man equalled his opponent, or competitor, in knowledge, or in courage. (TA.) b2: See also 6.

A2: And see 2, in four places, in the former half of the paragraph.4 اسوى as a trans. verb: see 2, in two places, in the former half of the paragraph. b2: لَايُسْوِى

in the sense of لَايُسَاوِى is not correct Arabic: see 3, in the latter part of the paragraph.

A2: As an intrans. verb: see 8. b2: Also He was like his son, or offspring, [in some copies of the K his father, which, as is said in the TA, is a mistake,] in make, (M, K,) or in symmetry, or justness of proportion; (Fr, TA;) or simply he was like his son, or offspring. (M.) [In this instance, and in all the senses here following that are mentioned in the K, the verb is erroneously written in the CK استوى.] b3: اسوى فِى المَرْأَةِ i. q. أَوْعَبَ, (M, K, TA,) i. e. He inserted the whole of his ذَكَر into the فَرْج [of the woman]. (TA.) A3: Also, [as though originally أَسْوَأَ,] He was, or became, base, abased, object, vile, despicable, or ignominious; syn. خَزِىَ; (M, K;) from السَّوْأَةُ. (TA.) b2: and He voided his ordure; syn. أَحْدَثَ; (Az, M, K;) [likewise] from السَّوْأَةُ, as meaning “ the anus. ” (Az, TA.) b3: And hence, in the opinion of Az, and thought by J to be originally أَسْوَأَ [as he says in the S], (TA,) [though trans.,] He dropped, left out, omitted, or neglected, (S, M, K,) and did so through inadvertence, (S, K,) a thing, (S,) or a letter, or word, of the Kur-án, (M, K,) or a verse thereof: (M:) mentioned by A'Obeyd: (S:) and in like manner, accord. to IAth, in reckoning, and in shooting, or casting: and Hr says that أَشْوَى, with ش, is allowable, as meaning أَسْقَطَ. (TA.) b4: Also He was, or became, affected with بَرَص [or leprosy, which is sometimes termed السُّوْءُ; so that the verb in this sense also seems to be originally أَسْوَأَ]. (TA.) b5: And He was, or became, restored to health, [or free from سُوْءٌ as meaning an evil affection, (as though the verb were in this sense likewise originally أَسْوَأَ, the incipient أ being privative, as it is in many other instances, like the Greek privative

α,)] after a disease, or malady. (TA.) A4: أَسْوَيْتُهُ بِهِ: see Q. Q. 1 in art. اسو.5 تَسَوَّىَ see 8.6 تَسَاوَيَا They two were, or became, equal, like each other, or alike; as also ↓ اِسْتَوَيَا. (M, K.) ↓ استوى has two and more agents assigned to it: one says, استوى زَيْدٌ وُعَمْرُو وَخَالِدٌ فِى هٰذَا [Zeyd and 'Amr and Khálid were equal, or alike, in this]; i. e. تَسَاوَوْا: whence the saying in the Kur [ix. 19], عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ ↓ لَا يَسْتَوُونَ [They will not be equal, or alike, in the sight of God]. (TA.) and one says, تَسَاوَوْا فِى المَالِ They were, or became, equal in respect of the property, none of them exceeding another; as also فِيهِ ↓ اِسْتَوَوْا. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., as some relate it, ↓ مَنْ سَاوَى

يَوْمَاهُ فَهُوَ مَغْبُونٌ, in which the meaning is said to be تَسَاوَى [i. e. He whose two days are alike, neither being distinguished above the other by any good done by him, is weak-minded]. (TA.) And in another it is said, لَا يَزَالُ النَّاسُ بِخَيْرٍ مَا تَفَاضَلُوا فَإِذَا تَسَاوَوْا هَلَكُوا, (S, * TA,) i. e. [Men will not cease to be in a good state while they vie in excellence,] but when they cease from vying in excellent qualities and are content with defect [and thus become alike, they perish]: or when they become equal in ignorance: or when they form themselves into parties and divisions, and every one is alone in his opinion, and they do not agree to acknowledge one exemplar or chief or leader [so that they are all alike]: or, accord. to Az, when they are alike in evil, there being none among them possessed of good. (TA.) 8 استوى [seems, accord. to Bd, to signify primarily He sought, or desired, what was equal, equable, uniform, even, or the like: for he says (in ii. 27) that the primary meaning of الاِسْتِوَآءُ is طلَبُ السَّوَآءِ; app. indicating the sense in which السوآء is here used by what follows. b2: And hence, accord. to him, but I would rather say primarily, as being quasi-pass. of سَوَّاهُ,] It was, or became, equal, equable, uniform, even, level, flat, plane or plain, [or equal in respect of elevation or of depression, (see 2, first sentence,)] straight, right, direct, or rightly directed; syn. اِعْتَدَلَ (S, M, Msb, K, TA, and Ksh and Bd in ii. 27) فِى ذَاتِهِ, (TA,) said of a place, (Msb,) and اِسْتَقَامَ, said of a stick, or piece of wood, &c. (Ksh ubi suprà.) And ↓ سَوَّى, [if not a mistranscription for سُوِّىَ,] inf. n. تَسْوِيَةٌ, signifies the same as استوى [app. meaning as above], accord. to IAar; and so does ↓ أَسْوَى, as also أَوْسَى, formed from it by transposition. (TA.) One says, اِسْتَوَتْ بِهِ الأَرْضُ [lit. The earth, or ground, became equable, uniform, even, &c., with him, he having been buried in it], meaning he perished in the earth; as also ↓ تَسَوَّتْ, and عَلَيْهِ ↓ سُوِّيَتْ. (M, K.) And استوت أَرْضُهُمْ Their land became [even in its surface, being] affected with drought, or barrenness. (M, * TA.) And استوى المَآءُ وَالخَشَبَةَ, meaning مَعَ الخَشَبَةِ [i. e. The water became even, or level, with the piece of wood]. (TA.) See also 6, in four places. One says also, استوى المُعَوَّجُ [or المُعْوجُّ (as in the MA) i. e. The crooked, or uneven, became straight, or even]: (Mgh:) and استوى مِنِ اعُوِجَاجٍ [It became even from a state of unevenness]. (S.) فَاسْتَوَى عَلَى سُوقِهِ, in the Kur xlviii. last verse, means And has stood straight, or erect, (Bd,) or become strong, and stood straight, or erect, (Jel,) upon its stems. (Bd, Jel. [Golius erroneously assigns a similar meaning to استسوى, a verb which I do not anywhere find.]) And فَاسْتَوَى in the same, liii. 6, And he stood straight, or erect, in his proper form in which God created him: or was endowed by his strength with power over the affair appointed to him: (Bd:) or became firm, or steady. (Jel.) استوى said of a stick &c. means It stood up or erect: and was, or became, even, or straight: hence one says, استوى إِلَيْهِ كَالسَّهْمِ المُرْسَلِ He, or it, went towards him, or it, with an undeviating, a direct, or a straight, course, like the arrow hot forth: and hence, ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى إِلَى السَّمَآءِ is metaphorically said of God, in the Kur ii. 27 [and xli.

10]; (Ksh;) meaning (tropical:) Then He directed himself by his will to the [heaven, or] elevated regions, (Ksh, Bd,) or upwards, (Ksh,) or to the heavenly bodies; (Bd;) syn. عَمَدَ, (Zj, M, K,) and قَصَدَ (Zj, S, M, K, and Ksh and Bd) بِإِرَادَتِةِ; (Ksh, Bd;) for when الاِسْتِوَآءُ is trans. by means of إِلَى

it imports the meaning of the directing of oneself, or, as in this case, of one's design: (TA;) you say of any one who has finished a work and has directed himself to another, قَدِ اسْتَوَى لَهُ and إِلَيْهِ: (Har p. 631:) or the meaning here is صَعِدَ, (Zj, M, K,) or صَعِدَ أَمْرُهُ [i. e. his command ascended]; (M;) and this is what is intended here by صَعِدَ: (TA:) or أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهَا [i. e. He advanced to it, namely, the heaven]; (Fr, Th, M, K;) like as one says, كَانَ فُلَانٌ مُقْبِلًا عَلَى فُلَانٍ ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى عَلَىَّ يُشَاتِمُنِى and إِلَىّض also, meaning أَقْبَلَ [i. e. Such a one was advancing against such a one, then he advanced against me, and to me, reviling me, or contending with me in reviling]: (TA:) or it means اِسْتَوْلَى, (M, K,) as some say: (M:) J says, [in the S,] but not explaining thereby the verse above cited, that it signifies also اِسْتَوْلَى and ظَهَرَ [as meaning He had, or gained, the mastery, or victory]: and hence the saying of El-Akhtal, cited by him [in the S,] قَدِ اسْتَوَى بِشْرٌ عَلَى العِرَاقِ مِنْ غَيْرِ سَيْفٍ وَدَمٍ مُهْرَاقِ [Bishr has gained the mastery over El-'Irák without sword and without shed blood]: Er-Rághib says that when this verb is trans. by means of عَلَى, it imports the meaning of الاِسْتِيلَآء; as in the saying in the Kur [xx. 4], اَلرَّحْمٰنُ عَلَى

الْعَرْشِ اسْتَوَى [which may be rendered, The Compassionate hath ascendancy over the empyrean so as to have everything in the universe equally within his grasp; agreeably with what here follows]: he then adds, it is said to mean that everything is alike in relation to Him in such manner that no one thing is nearer to Him than another thing, since He is not like the bodies that abide in one place exclusively of another place. (TA.) The saying لَمَّا اسْتَوَتْ بِهِ رَاحِلَتُهُ عَلَى البَيْدَآءِ means [When his riding-camel] ascended with him upon the desert: or stood up with him straight upon its legs. (Mgh.) and one says, استوى عَلَى ظَهْرِ دَابَّتِهِ, (S, TA,) or عَلَى الفَرَسِ, (Msb,) He was, or became, firm, or steady, [or he settled himself, or became firmly seated, or sat firmly,] upon the back of his beast, or upon the horse: (S, Msb, TA:) and استوى جَالِسًا [He became firm, or steady, sitting; or he settled himself in his sitting place; or sat firmly]. (Msb.) [استوى as quasi-pass. of سَوَّاهُ also signifies It was made, or became, symmetrical; congruous, or consistent in its several parts: was made, formed, or fashioned, in a suitable manner: was made, or became, adapted to the exigencies, or requirements, of its case, or of wisdom: was made, or became, complete: was made, or became, right, or good; became rectified, adjusted, or put into a right or good state. And hence,] استوى

الرَّجُلُ i. q. بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ [q. v.]; (M, K;) [generally meaning] The man [became full-grown, of full vigour, or mature, in body, or in body and intellect; i. e.] attained the utmost limit of [the period termed] his شَبَاب; (S;) or attained the utmost limit of his شَبَاب, and the completion of his make and of his intellect, by the completion of from twenty-eight to thirty [years]: (T, TA:) or attained to forty (T, M, K) years. (K.) and استوى الطَّعَامُ The food became thoroughly cooked. (Msb.) [خَطُّ الاِسْتِوَآءِ means The equinoctial line.]

سَىٌّ, [app. a dial. var. of سِىٌّ]: see لَا سِيَّمَا, in the next paragraph.

سِىٌّ, originally سِوْىٌ; and its dual: see سَوَآءٌ, in ten places, all except one in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: [Hence,] of him who is, or has become, in a state of wealth, or welfare, [or rather, of abundant wealth or welfare,] one says, هُوَ فِى سِىِّ رَأْسِهِ and رَأْسِهِ ↓ سَوَآءِ, (Fr, S,) or وَقَعَ فِى سِىِّ رَأْسِهِ [in the CK (erroneously) سَىِّ] and رأسه ↓ سَوَآءِ (M, K) and رأسه ↓ سِوَآءِ, (K,) or وَقَعَ رأسه ↓ مِنَ النِّعْمَةِ فِى سِوَآءِ, (Ks, M,) i. e. (assumed tropical:) [He is in, or has lighted upon, or come upon,] what is in the predicament of his head (حُكْمِ رَأْسِهِ) [in point of eminence, of wealth, or welfare]: or what covers his head [thereof]: (M, K:) or what equals his head [in eminence] (يُسَاوِى رَأْسَهُ), of wealth, or welfare: (T, TA:) or what has equalled his head [in eminence], of wealth, or welfare; i. e. what has accumulated upon him, and filled [or satisfied] him: (M:) or [what equals] the number of the hairs of his head, of wealth, or good; (A'Obeyd, S, K;) as some explain it. (A'Obeyd, S.) See also سِنٌّ, last sentence but one. b3: [Hence likewise,] لَا سِيَّمَا, (S, M, Msb, K,) also pronounced لا سِيَمَا, without teshdeed, (Msb, Mughnee, K,) and ↓ لا سَيَّمَا is a dial. var. thereof, (Msb,) a compound of سِىّ and مَا, denoting exception: (S:) one says, لَا سِيَّمَا زَيْدٍ, i. e. لَا مِثْلَ زَيْدٍ [lit. There is not the like of Zeyd; virtually, and generally, meaning above all Zeyd, or especially Zeyd]; مَا being redundant: and لا سيّما زَيْدٌ also; like as one says, دَعْ مَا زَيْدٌ: (M, K:) [J says,] with respect to the case of the noun following ما, there are two ways: you may make مَا to be in the place of الَّذِى, and mean that an inchoative is to be understood, [namely, هو or the like,] and put the noun that you mention in the nom. case as the enunciative; thus you may say, جَآءَنِى القَوْمُ لَا سِيَّمَا أَخُوكَ, meaning لَا سِىَّ الَّذِى

هُوَ أَخُوكَ [i. e. The people, or party, came to me, and there was not the like of him who is thy brother; or above all, or especially, he who is thy brother]: (S, TA: [thus in a copy of the S: in other copies of the same, and in the TA, for سِىَّ, سِيَّمَا:]) but this rendering is invalidated in such a phrase as وَلَا سِيَّمَا زَيْدٌ by the supression of the correlative of the noun in the nom. case where there is no lengthiness, and by the applying ما to denote a rational being: (Mughnee:) or you may put the noun after it in the gen. case, making ما redundant, and making سِىّ to govern the noun in that case because the meaning of سِىّ is مِثْل: [and this is the preferable way:] (Mughnee:) in both of these ways is recited the saying of Imra-el-Keys, أَلَا رُبَّ يُوْمٍ لَكَ مِنْهُنَّ صَالِحٍ وَلَا سِيَّمَا يَوْمٌ بِدَارَةِ جُلْجُلِ [Verily many a good day was there to thee by reason of them; but there was not the like of a day, or above all a day, or especially a day, at Dárat Juljul, a certain pool, where Imra-el-Keys surprised his beloved, 'Oneyzeh, with others, her companions, bathing: see EM pp. 9 and 10]: you say also, أَضْرِبُ القَوْمَ وَلَا سِيَّمَا أَخِيكَ, meaning وَلَا مِثْلَ ضَرْبِ أَخِيكَ [i. e. I will beat the people, or party, but there shall not be the like of the beating of thy brother]: and if you say, وَلَا سِيَّمَا أَخُوكَ, the meaning is, وَلَا مِثْلَ الَّذِى هُوَ أَخُوكَ [and there shall not be the like of him who is thy brother]: in the saying إِنَّ فُلَانًا كَرِيمٌ وَلَا سِيَّمَا إِنْ أَتَيْتَهُ قَاعِدًا, accord. to Akh, ما is a substitute for the affixed pronoun هُ, which is suppressed; the meaning being, وَلَا مِثْلَهُ إِنْ أَتَيْتَهُ قَاعِدًا [i. e. Verily such a one is generous, and there is not the like of him if thou come to him sitting]: (S, TA:) it is said in the Msb, [after explaining that ما in سيّما may be redundant, and the noun after it governed in the gen. case as the complement of a prefixed noun; and that ما may be used in the sense of الّذى, and the noun following put in the nom. case as the enunciative of the inchoative هو which is suppressed;] that, accord. to some, the noun following may be in the accus. case, as being preceded by an exceptive; [or, as a specificative; (Mughnee;) in which case we must regard ما as a substitute for the affixed pronoun هُ;] but that this is not a good way; [and in this case, accord. to the generality of the authorities, it must be an indeterminate noun, not, like زَيْدٌ, determinate: (Mughnee:)] also that سيّما should not be used without لا preceding it: and that it denotes the predominance of what follows it over what precedes it: but it is added that لا is sometimes suppressed [as is said in the Mughnee] because known to be meant, though this is rare. (TA.) One says also, لَاسِىَّ لِمَا فُلَانٌ (Lh, M, K) i. e. There is not the like of such a one: (TA:) and لَا سِيَّكَ مَا فُلَانٌ (Lh, M, K) i. e. Such a one is not the like of thee. (TA.) [In both of these instances, ما is obviously redundant. Other (similar) usages of سِىّ are mentioned voce سَوَآءٌ, to which reference has been made above.] b4: سِىٌّ also signifies A [desert such as is termed]

مُفَازَة; (S, M, K) because of the evenness of its routes, and its uniformity. (TA.) [Hence السِّىُّ is the name of a particular tract, said in the M to be a certain smooth place in the بَادِيَة.] b5: See also art. سيو.

سِيَّة: see سَوَآء, near the end of the paragraph.

سُوًى: see سَوَآءٌ, in seven places: b2: and see also سِوًى, in two places.

سِوًى: see سَوَاءٌ, in seven places. b2: Also, and likewise ↓ سُوًى, (Akh, S, Msb, Mughnee, K,) and ↓ سَوَآءٌ, (Akh, S, M, Mughnee, K,) and ↓ سِوَآءٌ, (Mughnee,) i. q. مَكَانٌ, (Mughnee,) or غَيْرٌ, (Akh, S, M, Msb, Mughnee, K,) accord. to different authorities: each used as an epithet, and as denoting exception, like غَيْر; accord. to Ez-Zejjájee and Ibn-Málik, used in the same sense and manner as غَيْر: but accord. to Sb and the generality of authorities, an adv. n. of place, always in the accus. case, except in instances of necessity: (Mughnee:) one says, عِنْدِى رَجُلٌ سِوَى زَيْدٍ, meaning بَدَلَ زَيْدٍ and مَكَانَ زَيْدٍ [i. e. I have with me a man instead of Zeyd and in the place of Zeyd]: (Ham p. 570, and TA: *) [but] one says [also] مَرَرْتُ بِرَجُلٍ سِوَاكَ and ↓ سُوَاكَ and ↓ سَوَائِكَ, meaning غَيْرِكَ [i. e. I passed by a man other than thee]: (S:) and ↓ جَآءَنِى سَوَاؤُكَ [and سِوَاك &c. Other than thou came to me], using it as an agent; and ↓ رَأَيْتُ سَوَآءَكَ [and سِوَاكَ &c. I saw other than thee], using it as an objective complement: and ↓ مَا جَآءَنِى أَحَدٌ سَوَآءَكَ [and سِوَاكَ &c. None except thou came to me]: and مَا جَآءَنِى أَحَدٌ

↓ سَوَاؤُكَ [and سِوَاكَ &c. None other than thou came to me]: (Mughnee:) and قَصَدْتُ القَوْمَ سِوَى

زَيْدٍ, meaning غَيْرَ زَيْدٍ [i. e. I betook myself to, or towards, the people, or party, others than Zeyd, which is virtually the same as except Zeyd]: (Msb:) and لَئِنْ فَعَلْتَ ذَاكَ وَأَنَا سِوَاكَ لَيَأْتِيَنَّكَ مِنِّى

مَا تَكْرَهُ, meaning [If thou do that] when I am in a land other than thy land, [what thou dislikest, or hatest, shall assuredly come to thee from me.] (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) b3: The Arabs also said, عَقْلُكَ سِوَاكَ, meaning Thine intellect has departed from thee. (IAar, M.) A2: The strangest of the meanings of سِوَى, in this sense with the short alif and with kesr, is قَصْدٌ. (Mughnee.) سِوَى الشَّىْءِ means قَصْدُهُ [i. e. The tendency, or direction, of the thing]. (M.) And one says, قَصَدْتُ سِوَى

فُلَانٍ, meaning قَصَدْتُ قَصْدَهُ [i. e. I tended, or betook myself, in the direction of, or towards, such a one]. (S, K. * [In the CK, and in my MS. copy of the K, سَوَاهُ is erroneously put for سِوَاهُ.]) And hence, (Mughnee,) a poet says, (namely, Keys Ibn-El-Khateem, TA,) وَلَأَصْرِفَنَّ سِوَى حُذَيْفَةَ مِدْحَتِى

[And I will surely turn towards Hodheyfeh my eulogy]. (S, Mughnee.) سَوَآءٌ [in some copies of the K erroneously written without ء] in its primary acceptation is an inf. n., [but without a proper verb, used as a simple subst.,] meaning Equality, equability, uniformity, or evenness; syn. اِسْتِوَآءٌ; (Mughnee;) as also ↓ سَوِيَّةٌ: (M, K:) or [rather] it is a subst., (S, and Ksh and Bd in ii. 5,) meaning اِسْتِوَآءٌ, (Ksh and Bd ibid.,) from اِسْتَوَى in the sense of اِعْتَدَلَ; (S;) and signifies [as above: and] equity, justice, or rectitude; syn. عَدْلٌ; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ سَوِيَّةً; (M;) and ↓ سِوًى and ↓ سُوًى, as well as سَوَآءٌ, accord. to Fr, are syn. with نَصَفٌ; and accord. to him, (TA,) and to Akh, (S, TA,) syn. with عَدْلٌ; (S, K, TA;) [but app., only syn. with عَدْلٌ and نَصَفٌ not as a subst. but as an epithet, like وَسَطٌ thus used, as will be shown by what follows, although] each said by Er-Rághib to be originally an inf. n. (TA.) One says, هُمَا مِنْ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ ↓ عَلَى سَوِيَّةً, meaning سَوَآءٍ [i. e. They two are on an equality, or on a par, in respect of this affair, or case]: (S, TA:) and ↓ هُمْ عَلَى سَوِيَّةٍ, meaning [likewise] اِسْتِوَآءٌ [i. e. They are on an equality, or on a par], (M, K,) فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ [in this affair, or case]. (M.) and ↓ قَسَمْتُ الشَّىْءَ بَيْنَهُمَا بِالسَّوِيَّةِ, (S,) meaning بِالعَدْلِ [i. e. I divided the thing between them two with equity, justice, or rectitude]. (TA.) And it is said in the Kur [viii. 60], فَانْبِذْ إِلَيْهِمْ عَلَى سَوَآءٍ, meaning عَدْلٍ [as expl. in art. نبذ, q. v.]. (S, * TA.) [Hence,] لَيْلَةُ السَّوَآءِ The night of the thirteenth [of the lunar month; the first being that on which the new moon is first seen]; (As, S, K, TA;) in which the moon becomes equable or uniform (يَسْتَوِى) [in illumination]: (TA:) or the night of the fourteenth. (M, K.) b2: and i. q. وَسَطٌ [as meaning The middle, or midst, of a thing]; (S, M, Mughnee, K;) as also ↓ سُوًى and ↓ سِوًى. (Lh, M, K.) Hence, سَوَآءُ الشَّىْءِ The middle, or midst, of the thing; (S, M;) as also ↓ سُوَاهُ and ↓ سِوَاهُ. (Lh, M.) It is said in the Kur [xxxvii. 53,] فَرَآهُ فِى سَوَآءِ الْجَحِيمِ [And he shall see him] in the middle or midst [of the fire of Hell]. (S, * Mughnee, TA.) In like manner also one says سَوَآءُ السَّبِيلِ [The middle of the road]: or, accord. to Fr, it means the right direction of the road or way. (TA.) And one says, اِنْقَطَعَ سَوَائِى, meaning My waist [broke], or my middle. (TA.) And سَوَآءُ النَّهَارِ means The middle of the day. (M, K. [In some copies of the K, مُتَّسَعُهُ is erroneously put for مُنْتَصَفُهُ.]) b3: [Hence, perhaps, as being generally the middle or nearly so,] The summit of a mountain. (M, K.) And An [eminence, or a hill, or the like, such as is termed]

أَكَمَة: or a [stony tract such as is termed] حَرَّة: or the head of a حَرَّة. (M.) A2: It is also used as an epithet; (Mughnee;) and signifies Equal, equable, uniform, or even; syn. ↓ مُسْتَوٍ; (M, Mughnee, K;) applied in this sense to a place; (Mughnee;) as also, thus applied, ↓ سَوِىٌّ, and ↓ سِىٌّ; (M, K;) or these two signify, thus applied, [like سَوَآءٌ as expl. hereafter,] equidistant in respect of its two extremities. (TA.) And as syn. with ↓ مُسْتَوٍ, it is applied [to a fem. noun as well as to a sing., and] to one and more than one, because it is originally an inf. n.; whence the phrase لَيْسُوا سَوَآءً [They are not equal; in the Kur iii. 109]. (Mughnee.) Using it in this sense, one says أَرْضٌ سَوَآءٌ [An even land]: and دَارٌ سَوَآءٌ A house uniform (↓ مُسْتَوِيَةٌ) in respect of the [appertenances termed] مَرَافِق: and ثَوْبٌ سَوَآءٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, equal, or uniform, (↓ مُسْتَوٍ,) in its breadth and its length and its two lateral edges: but one does not say جَمَلٌ سَوَآءٌ, nor حَمَارٌ سَوَآءٌ, nor رَجُلٌ سَوَآءٌ: (M, TA:) though one says رَجُلٌ سَوَآءُ البَطْنِ A man whose belly is even with the breast: and سَوَآءُ القَدَمِ having no hollow to the sole of his foot. (TA.) One says also الخَلْقِ ↓ رَجُلٌ سَوِىٌّ, (S, M,) meaning ↓ مُسْتَوٍ

[i. e. A man uniform in make, or symmetrical; or full-grown, of full vigour, or mature in body, or in body and intellect: see 8]: (S:) and رَجُلٌ ↓ سَوِىٌّ A man equally free from excess and deficiency in his dispositions and his make: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or sound in limbs: (TA voce مِرَّةٌ, q. v.:) and ↓ غُلَامٌ سَوِىٌّ A boy, or young man, uniform in make, or symmetrical, (الخَلْقِ ↓ مُسْتَوِى,) without disease, and without fault, or defect: (Mgh:) and the fem. is سَوِيَّةٌ. (M.) Accord. to Er-Rághib, ↓ السَّوِىُّ signifies That which is preserved from excess and deficiency: and hence ↓ الصِّرَاطِ السَّوِىِّ [in Kur xx. last verse, as though meaning The road, or way that neither exceeds, nor falls short of, that which is right]; (Er-Rághib, TA;) the right, or direct, road: (Bd, Jel:) and some read السَّوَآءِ, meaning the middle, good, road: and السَّوْءِ (Ksh, Bd) i. e. the evil, or bad, road: (Bd:) and السُّوْءَى [i. e. most evil, or worst; fem. of أَسْوَأُ; for الصِّرَاطُ is fem. as well as masc.]: (Ksh, Bd:) [and] ↓ السُّوَىَ, of the measure فُعْلَى from السَّوَآءُ, [with which it is syn.,] or originally السُّوْءَى [mentioned above]: (K:) and ↓ السُّوَىِّ, (Ksh, Bd,) which is dim. of السَّوَآء, (Lth, TA,) [or] as dim. of السَّوْء [in which case it is for السُّوَىْءِ]. (Ksh, Bd.) b2: [Hence,] it signifies also Complete: (Mughnee:) you say, هٰذَا دِرْهَمٌ سَوَآءٌ (M, Mughnee) This is a complete dirhem; (Mughnee;) using the last word as an epithet: and سَوَآءً also, using it as an inf. n., as though you said اِسْتِوَآءً: and in like manner in the Kur xli. 9, some road سَوَآءً; and others, سَوَآءٍ. (M.) b3: And Equitable, just, or right; syn. عَدْلٌ: used in this sense in the saying in the Kur [iii. 57], تَعَالَوْا إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَآءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ [Come ye to an equitable, or a just, or right, sentence, or proposition, between us and you]. (Az, TA.) b4: And Equidistant, or midway, (عَدْلٌ, and وَسَطٌ, S, or نَصَفٌ, Mughnee,) between two parties, (S,) or between two places; (Mughnee;) applied as an epithet to a place; as also ↓ سِوًى and ↓ سُوًى; (S, Mughnee;) of which three words the second (سِوًى) is the most chaste; (Mughnee;) or the last two signify equal (مُسْتَوٍ) in respect of its two extremities; and are used as epithets and as adv. ns.; originally, inf. ns. (Er-Rághib, TA.) ↓ مَكَانًا سِوًى and ↓ سُوًى, (M, K,) in the Kur xx. 60, accord. to different readings, means A place equidistant, or midway, (Ksh, Bd, Jel,) between us and thee, (Ksh, Bd,) or to the comer from each of the two extremities: (Jel:) or مَكَانٌ سِوًى and سُوًى means مُعْلَمٌ [i. e. a place marked], (so in a copy of the M and in one of the K,) or مَعْلَمٌ, (so in other copies of the K and in the TA,) which is for ذُو مَعْلَمٍ, meaning having a mark, or sign, by which one is guided, or directed, thereto. (MF, TA.) b5: [Also Equal, or alike, in any respect.] One says, مَرَرْتُ بِرَجُلٍ سَوَآءٍ وَالعَدَمُ, (M, Mughnee, K,) and وَالعَدَمُ ↓ سِوَآءٍ, (K,) and وَالعَدَمُ ↓ سِوًى, and وَالعَدَمُ ↓ سُوًى, (M, K,) meaning وُجُودُهُ وَعَدَمُهُ سَوَآءٌ [i. e. I passed by a man whose existence and whose non-existence are equal, or alike, to me, or in my opinion]: (M, K: *) and Sb mentions the phrase, سَوَآءٌ هُوَ وَالعَدَمُ [as meaning His existence and his nonexistence are equal, or alike, to me]. (M.) and سَوَآءٌ عَلَىَّ قُمْتَ أَوْ قَعَدْتَ [It is equal, or alike, to me, that thou stand or that thou sit, or whether thou stand or sit; or that thou stand or that thou sit is equal, or alike, to me: see Kur ii. 5, and the expositions thereof]. (S.) [And ↓ سِوًى is used as an adv. n., or as an inf. n. adverbially, meaning Alike: see an ex. in a verse cited voce سَبْتٌ.] b6: Also A like; a similar person or thing; (S, M, K;) and so ↓ سِىٌّ: [each used as masc. and fem.; and the former as sing. and dual and pl., though having proper dual and pl. forms:] the pl. of the former is أَسْوَآءٌ, (S, M, K,) and also, (S, * K,) but anomalous, (S,) or [rather] quasi-pl. ns., all anomalous, (M,) ↓ سَوَاسِيَةٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ سَوَاسٍ and ↓ سَوَاسِوَةٌ: (M, K:) and أَسْوَآءٌ is also pl. of ↓ سِىٌّ: (TA:) as to ↓ سَوَاسِيَةٌ, Akh says, سَوَآءٌ is of the measure فَعَالٌ, and سِيَةٌ may be of the measure فِعَةٌ or فِلَةٌ, the former of which is the more agreeable with analogy, the و being changed into ى in سِيَةٌ because of the kesreh before it, for it is originally سِوْيَةٌ; and it is from أَسْوَيْتُ الشَّىْءَ meaning “ I neglected the thing: ” [see 4:] (S:) accord. to Aboo-'Alee, the ى in سَوَاسِيَةٌ is changed from the و in سَوَاسِوَةٌ, in which latter some preserve it to show that it is the final radical: (M:) accord. to Fr, سَوَاسِيَةٌ has no sing., and relates only to equality in evil: (T, TA:) so in the saying, سَوَاسِيَةٌ كَأَسْنَانِ الحِمَارِ [Equals like the teeth of the ass]. (TA.) It requires two [or more nouns for its subjects]: you say, سَوَآءٌ زَيْدٌ وَعَمْرٌو, meaning ذَوَا سَوَآءٍ [i. e., lit., Two possessors of equality, or likeness, are Zeyd and 'Amr], (M, K,) because it is [originally] an inf. n.: (M:) and هُمَا فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ سَوَآءٌ [They two are in this affair, or case, likes]: (S:) and هُمَا سَوَاآنِ (S, M, K) and ↓ سِيَّانِ i. e. They two are likes: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) and هُمْ سَوَآءٌ and أَسْوَآءٌ and ↓ سَوَاسِيَةٌ i. e. They are likes; (S; [the first and last of these three are mentioned in the Mgh as identical in meaning;]) or, accord. to Fr, the last means they are equals in evil, not in good: (T, TA:) and ↓ مَاهُوَ لَكَ بِسِىٍّ He is not a person like to thee: and مَاهُمْ لَكَ بِأَسْوَآءٍ [They are not persons like to thee]: (Lh, M:) and ↓ مَاهِىَ لَكَ بِسِىٍّ (Lh, M, K *) i. e. She is not a person like to thee: (TA:) and مَاهُنَّ لَكَ بِأَسْوَآءٍ [They (females) are not persons like to thee]: and لِمَنْ فَعَلَ ذَاكَ ↓ لَا سِىَّ [There is not a like to him who did that]: and إِذَا فَعَلْتَ ذَاكَ ↓ لَا سِيَّكَ [There is not the like of thee when thou doest that]: (Lh, M, K:) and فُلَانٍ ↓ لَا سِيَّةَ (K) [There is not the like of such a one: in the CK, فُلَانٌ: perhaps the right reading is فُلَانٌ ↓ لَا سِيَّكَ Such a one is not the like of thee]. سَوَآءٌ and ↓ سِيَّانِ should not be used with أَوْ in the place of وَ except by poetic license: one of the exceptions to this rule is the saying of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, وَكَانَ سِيَّانِ أَلَّا يَسْرَحُوا نَعَمًا أَوْ يَسْرَحُوهُ بِهَا وَاغْبَرَّتِ السُّوحُ [And they were two like cases that they should not send forth cattle to pasture or send him forth with them when the tracts were very dusty by reason of drought]. (M.) For two other exs. of سَوَآء, [as well as of its syn. سِىّ, and for لَا سِيَّمَا also,] see سِىٌّ. b7: See also سِوًى in six places.

سِوَآءٌ: see سِىٌّ, second sentence, in two places: and سَوَآءٌ also, in the latter half of the paragraph: b2: and see سِوًى. b3: بَعَثُوا بِالسِّوَآءِ وَاللِّوَآءِ means (assumed tropical:) They sent seeking, or demanding, aid, or succour. (K in art. لوى. [The proper signification of السِّوَآء in this instance I do not find explained.]) سَوِىٌّ: see سَوَآءٌ, in the former half of the paragraph, in six places.

سُوَىٌّ: see سَوَآءٌ, in the middle of the paragraph.

سَوِيَّةٌ: see سَوَآءٌ, in five places. b2: [Also fem. of سَوِىٌّ. b3: And hence, as a subst.,] A kind of vehicle of female slaves and of necessitous persons: (K:) or a [garment of the kind called] كِسَآء, stuffed with panic grass (ثُمَام), (S, M, K, and L in art. كرب,) or palm-fibres (لِيف), (M,) or the like, (S, M, and L ubi suprà,) resembling the بَرْذَعَة [q. v.], (S, and L ubi suprà,) which is put on the back of the camel, (M,) or on the back of the ass &c., (L ubi suprà,) and which is one of the vehicles of female slaves and of necessitous persons: (M:) and likewise such as is put upon the back of the camel, but in the form of a ring because of the hump, and [also] called حَوِيَّةٌ [q. v.]: pl. سَوَايَا. (S.) سَوَاسٍ and سَوَاسِوَةٌ and سَوَاسِيَةٌ: see سَوَآءٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph; the last of them in three places.

سَوَّآءٌ لَوَّآءٌ, each of the measure فَعَّالٌ, irregularly derived from اِسْتَوَى and اِلْتَوَى; a prov., applied to women, meaning Straight and bending, and collecting together and separating; not remaining in one state, or condition. (Meyd.) b2: and أَرْضٌ سَوَّآءٌ Land of which the earth, or dust, is like sand. (IAth, TA.) سَايَةٌ is [held by some to be] of the measure فَعْلَةُ from التَّسْوِيَةُ [inf. n. of سوّى]; (K;) mentioned by Az on the authority of Fr; but in copies of the T, فَعْلَةٌ from السَّوِيَّةُ. (TA.) One says, ضَرَبَ لِى سَايَةً, meaning He prepared for me a speech: (K:) or an evil speech, which he framed (سَوَّاهَا) against me to deceive me: mentioned by Az on the authority of Fr. (TA.) [See the same word in art. سوأ.]

أَسْوَى [More, and most, equal, equable, uniform, or even: and more, or most, equitable, &c.]. One says, هٰذَا المَكَانُ أَسْوَى هٰذِهِ الأَمْكِنَةِ i. e. [This place is] the most even [of these places]. (M.) تَسْوَآءٌ An even place; occurring in a trad.: the ت is augmentative. (TA.) مُسْوٍ [act. part. n. of 4]. One says in answer to him who asks, “How have ye entered upon the morning? ” (S,) or “ How have ye entered upon the evening? ” (M, TA,) مُسْوُونَ صَالِحُونَ [as enunciatives of نَحْنُ understood], (S, M,) or صَالِحِينَ ↓ مُسْتَوِينَ [as enunciatives of أَصْبَحْنَا or أَمْسَيْنَا understood, but I think that مُسْتَوِينَ is a mistranscription for مُسْوِينَ], meaning In a good, right, state, with respect to our children and our cattle. (S, M, TA.) مُسَاوٍ: see 3, in three places.

مُسْتَوٍ: see سَوَآءٌ, in the former half of the paragraph, in six places: and see also مُسْوٍ. [هِلَالٌ مُسْتَوٍ: see أَدْفَقُ.]

كسر

كَسَرَ(n. ac. كَسْر)
a. Broke; broke off.
b. [acc. & 'Ala], Divided into ( chapters: book ).
c. Routed, defeated.
d. Subdued; humbled, abased.
e. [acc.
or
Min], Abated; quenched, allayed (thirst).
f. Sold by retail (goods).
g. Marked, pronounced with Kasra ( consonant).
h. [acc. & 'An], Turned, diverted from.
i. Folded, doubled (cushion); contorted (
tail ).
j. Wrinkled, contracted (eyelids); blinked
made to blink (eye).
k.(n. ac. كُسُوْر), Folded ( its wings ); glided down (
bird ).
l. [ coll. ], Annulled (
will ).
m. [pass.], Fell, dropped (wind).
n. see VII (e)
كَسَّرَa. Broke into pieces, smashed; crushed; wrecked.
b. Divided into fractions (number).
c. Used a broken form of ( a word ).
d. Crimped (hair).
e. Made languid.
f. ['Ala] [ coll. ], Civilized
refined.
g. [Fī] [ coll. ], Pronounced badly.

كَاْسَرَa. see I (j)
تَكَسَّرَa. Was broken, smashed; was divided, split up.
b. Was rippled (water); was crimped (
hair ); was wrinkled, creased, puckered; was
folded; was contracted.
c. Was languid; affected languor.
d. [ coll. ], Was civilized
refined.
إِنْكَسَرَa. Broke; became broken.
b. Was routed, defeated; was subdued, humbled.
c. [An], Was unable to do.
d. Remitted, flagged; became languishing (
look ).
e. Became abated, allayed; lessened; diminished
fell.
f. Became soft (dough).
g. Was creased, folded &c.
h. Failed, became bankrupt.

إِكْتَسَرَa. see I (a)
كَسْرa. Rupture; fracture; breakage.
b. (pl.
كُسُوْر & كُسُوْرَات )
Fraction.
c. Crease, wrinkle, ply, plait, fold.
c. see 1t (a) & 2
(a), (b).
كَسْرَةa. Kasra ( كَسِرَ) ( vowel point ).
b. (pl.
كَسَرَات), Fracture.
c. Defeat, overthrow, rout.

كَسْرَىa. see 2ya
كِسْر
(pl.
كُسُوْر أَكْسَاْر)
a. Limb; part of a limb; bone.
b. Side; side-wall; flap ( of a tent ).
c. Large (vessel).
كِسْرَة
(pl.
كِسَر كِسَْرَات )
a. Piece, portion, fragment, morsel.

كِسْرَى
(pl.
كُسُوْر
أَكَاْسِرُ
أَكَاْسِرَة
37t
&
a. كَسَاسِرَة ), Chosroes, title of
the Persian kings.
مَكْسِر
(pl.
مَكَاْسِرُ)
a. Broken place; breakage; fracture; breach.
b. Side, opening ( in a canal ).
c. Stock, race, origin.
d. Lumber.

كَاْسِر
(pl.
كُسَّر)
a. Breaking; breaker, smasher.
b. Folding, doubling.
c. [art.], The eagle.
كَاْسِرَة
(pl.
كُسَّر
كَوَاْسِرُ
41)
a. fem. of
كَاْسِر
كُسَاْرa. Fragments.

كُسَاْرَةa. see 24b. [ coll. ], Freshly ploughed
earth.
كَسِيْر
(pl.
كَسْرَى
1ya
كَسَاْرَى)
a. Broken.
b. Brokenlegged.

كَسِيْرَةa. fem. of
كَسِيْر
كُسُوْرa. Windings; ravines ( of a valley ).

كَسَّاْرa. Breaker, smasher.

إِكْسِيْرa. Philosopher's stone; elixir.

كَوَاْسِرُ
a. [art.], Plungers ( camels that break their
harness ).
N. P.
كَسڤرَa. Broken.
b. Defeated, routed.
c. Bankrupt.
d. Marked with a Kasra ( كَسِرَ) (consonant).
N. P.
كَسَّرَa. Broken, smashed.
b. Rough, uneven, rugged; intersected by torrents (
valley ).
c. [ coll. ], Broken in; civilized.

N. Ac.
إِنْكَسَرَa. Defeat, overthrow, rout.
b. Bankruptcy, failure, insolvency.

جَمْع التَّكْسِيْر
جَمْع مُكَسَّر
a. Broken plural ( irregular plur. ).

مُكَاسِرِيّ
a. Adjoining; next door; next-door ( neighbour).
رَأَيْتَةُ مُنْكَسِرًا
a. I saw him in a languid state.

كَاْسَرَ

كَاسَرَهُ فِى البَيْع
a. [ coll. ], He beat him down in
price.
كَسْطَال كَسْطَل
a. Dust.

كسر: كسر: حطم، هشّم. وكسر فلان الوصية نقضها وخالفها (محيط المحيط ص780).
كسر قلب فلان: (معجم البلاذري، معجم الطرائف، بدورن 10: 151). كسر خاطره: أحزنه وأشجاه وآلمه كسر الخاطر أو القلب كدَّره وأغمَّه وفتته.
كسر: خفّض، انقض، أنزل، قهر كبرياءه؛ كسر نفسه ردعه من زهوه وتبجحه (بوشر، كوسج، كرست 17، 12 كسر نفسه لها).
كسر: قاطع، أوقف، أخَّر (مملوك 2، 2، 51 معجم البلاذري) كسر الشيء على فلان: حبس ماله واحتجزه.
كسر: نقد، لاَمَ، استهجن. ورد عند (محمد بن الحارث ص279): فعاب عليه فعله وكسر رأيه فانصرف القاضي عن رأيه.
كسر على: (البيان 2، 78 وأماري 186، 8): أراد الخروج مع أسد فشاور في ذلك سحنون فكسر عليه وقال له لا تفعل.
كسر عن: ... غيَّر من فلان رأيه ونحو ذلك كسره عن مراده= صرفه ويقال في المحاكم كسر الحاكمُ التاجرَ حكم بإفلاسه (محيط المحيط ص780).
كسر: يبدو إنها تعني استدار مقبلاً من زاوية (رياض النفوس 92: بينما هو يوماً يوذن مرَّ بقريه أحد الأشخاص وكان يروم هتك عرض أحد الصبيان فاستنجد به الصبيّ فصرخ بالرجل دعه يا فاسق إلا أن هذا شمته وهدده بخنجره؛ فدعا المؤذن ربه أن يقتله في الحال؛ فما هو إلا ان كسر ركن المسجد وإذا بالصبي قد أقبل ليقول له المعتدي قد قُتِل.
كسر: بذّر المال (هذا ما يبدو من العبارة التي وردت في السطر الثاني من الفصل التاسع ص355 من ألف ليلة وليلة). كسر أنفه: ضربه على أنفه وأذلّه (مجازاً).
كسر على جفنه: طرف بعينه (الأغلب 62): ولم يكن أحول وإنما كان يكسر على جفنه إذا نظر.
كسر حاجيبه: أشار بطرف عينه إشارة الاستحسان (فوك).
كسر حدَّة: أضعف مفعول الشيء. خفف ملوحته (بوشر).
كسر خليج القاهرة: قطع سد القنال الذي يحيط بالقاهرة وقت الفيضان الموسمي للنيل (كوسج. كرست 121، 4).
كسر شهوته: أرضى شهيته، وأشبعها. (رياض النفوس99): أراد من خادمه أن يشتري له توابل للغسانية بدينارين فقال له يشتري له توابل للغسانية بدينارين فقال له الخادم هذا مبلغ كبير يكفر 300 شخص، وأنت إنما تكسر شهوتك على رُبع مُدّ ورُبع قفيز عسل الخ. إن تعبير كسر الصفرة يعني كسر أول الشهية للطعام أو كسر حدّة الجوع (باسم 78): حين قدم الحلواني المرطبات لباسم قال له: اشتهى أنك تنظر وتكسر الصفرة عندنا بين ما نعمل الغدا عند السرائجي.
كسر كعب حذائه: يبدو إنها تعني أبلي كعب حذائه (بالسير) أو ثنى من الداخل الجوانب العليا من الحذاء. (أنظرها في مادة كعب).
يقال خف بكَسْر: خف مكسور وخف مكسّر (معجم جغرافيا).
كسر على: ألغى، أزال، أبطل. (اللطائف. الثعالبي 115، 2) وقد كسر محمد - على ذكر منافعه أسيئت ترجمتها في المعجم).
كسر على: مكث أمام (مدينة) (حيان 86): إلى أن احتل مدينة اشبيلية- فكسر عليها يومين وبان له امتناع أهلها.
كسّر رأسه: شجَّ رأسه، ثابر بشدة على الدراسة (بوشر).
كسَّر: قتل (مارجريت 25): (الأسد كسر ثوري= قتله).
كسّر: جعّد، قبّض، قلّص، شنّج (فوك) وباللاتينية cincinni يقصد cincinnatus أجعد مفتول مُكسّر.
مكسر: حين تستعمل الكلمة بصيغة المبني للمجهول فهي تعني أثداء المرأة التدالية الرخوة (بوسييه، تاريخ العرب، الجزء الثامن) (مادة مكسور).
كسّر: ردَّ أرجعَ، وفي (محيط المحيط ص780) وكسّرت المرآة النور.
كسّر: قاس، مسح (أرضاً) ذرع (كوليوس، فوك، ألكالا، بكري 25، 42، الادريسي، كليم، 1، القسم السابع تكسيرها ألف ميل ومائتا ميل كليم 3 القسم الخامس وتكسير هذه الغيضة 12 ميلاً في مثلها رحلة ابن جبير 88، 2، ياقوت 19:1، 17، 29، 20، 30، 31، 522، 21، كرتاس 37، 2، 38، 1، 129، 4، وما تلاه معجم البيان 14، 8) يجب أن لا نحدث تغييراً فيه) وانظره أيضاً في مادة مرجع؛ والمعجم اللاتيني يضع أمام الكلمة مرادفها اللاتيني Artimetica علم التكسير والحساب، والمساحة والمهندس والمساح مكسّر (ويطلق ألكالا عليه مُكَسّر Medidor de la tierre) .
كسّر: حدد مساحة الشكل الهندسي (معجم المارودي).
كسّر على أنظر في معجم (فوك) في مادة ( astucia) .
كاسَر: المضاربة (في خفض الأسعار) في السوق (وفي محيط المحيط ص780): وكاسره في البيع مكاسرة طلبي منه نقص الثمن. (مولّدة).
كاسر: (في الفصل الحادي عشر، 46، 4 دي ساسي دبلوماسية) أقسَمَ سفير جنوة قائلاً ... ولا على إنه بقيَ لهم شيء عند أحد من الجنوية وأخفيته وكاسرت عنه وقد ترجمها الناشر (لم أخفَ شيئاً ولم أطرح شيئاً).
متكسّر: أنظر فيما تقدم جعّد وكّرش وقلّص (الادريسي 60، 6).
متكسّر: منعكس (محيط المحيط).
منكسّر: غريق (رين دبلوماسية: 117، 2 وأي جفن تكسّر أو رمت به الريح أو البحر .. الخ).
متكسّر: متخدّر، فاتر الهمة، مسترخ؛ وفي (محيط المحيط ص780) (التكسّر عند الأطباء حالة يجد الإنسان فيها اختلافاً في البرد ونخساً في الجلد والعضل) أي إن (محيط المحيط) يميّز المخبول عن المتكسّر من كثرة النوم.
انكسار: صاحب القلب الكسير، الأسيف (معجم البلاذري) (معجم الطرائف) (أخبار 86، 1) (وصف مصر 14/ 198): الذي أتى بانكسارٍ لباب الكريم وعند بوشر انكسر خاطره.
انكسر: وقع، سقط، انهار، انطرح، ارتمى وذلك عند الحديث عن جَمَلٍ حمّلوه أكثر مما يجب (بركهارت أمثال رقم 17).
انكسر: انقطع، توقف، كفَّ عن، توقف عن؛ ففي (محمد بن حيان ص296): فوبخه الناس وقالوا قد أنصفــك إذ وكل مَنْ يناظرك فانكسر وفي (ص320): ففعلت ما دلّني عليه ابن لبابه له ما قال لي فانكسر عند ذلك ورجع عما كرهت.
وفي (ص341): وقد أتته امرأة تخاصم زوجها فاستطالت عليه بلسانها وآذته بصلفها فنظر إليها وقال لها اقصري وإلا عاقبتك فانكسرت المرأة شيئاً ثم عاودت الصلف.
انكسر: توقف، انقطع، تأخَّر. انكسر عليه مال وتعني استحق عليه دفع مبلغ من المال (مملوك 2، 52) وكذلك مثل انكسر له مال أي استحق له مبلغ من المال. ففي (رياض النفوس 94): متولي أخبار سوسة أو مستأجر هذه الأحبار: قيل إنه انكسر عليه من جملة الكرا مال فأدى ذلك من ماله ولم يضطر السكّان إلى الغرم رقة منه عليهم.
انكسر: انتهى: توقف (معجم الثعالبي- لطائف، معجم البلاذري).
انكسر: حين ينكسر شيء، قضاء وقدراً، يقال انكسر الشر يريدون بذلك إن الشيء التافه الذي انكسر قد منع حدثاً أكبر وأخطر منه بكثير (بوشر).
انكسر: غرق (أماري 346، 5، 347، 2؛ دي ساسي دبلوماسية 9، 468 أماري أيضاً 3، 1).
انكسر: تستعمل عند وصف أثداء المرأة الرخوة المتهدلة. (بكري 158، 3).
انكسر: انهار، أفلس (بوشر، همبرت 105، محيط المحيط وفيه انكسر التاجر أفلس. والعسكر غلب وانهزم وتبدد فهو مكسور فيهما ولا يُقال منكسر؛ وفي (ألف ليلة 1، 121 برسل 9، 210، 250): انكسر عن ثمانمائة ألف غرش أي فلس عن ثمانمائة ألف قرش.
انكسر أنفه: تعني أن أنفه قد كُسر فإن استعملت مجازاً عنت فشل ولم تنجح (بوشر).
انكسرت السهام على الرؤوس: لم تنقسم انقساماً صحيحاً (محيط المحيط ص780 وهو مأخوذ من لكسر في الحساب) (محيط المحيط).
انكسار العين= كسر العين: رف، طرف (بعينه)، خلسة، غمز، أشار بطرف عينه (أنظر معجم مسلم).
كسر وجمعها كسور: كسر، فك كاسر، صادم، جزء مكسور، فصل، شق مَكْسر، مكان الكسر، شِقاق (بوشر). (محيط المحيط). كسر وجمعها كسور: شظية، الجزء من الخشب المكسور.
كسور وكسورات: (شولتز في فريتاج 35 ومعجم أبو الفداء) اصطلاح حسابي، كسر، (بوشر، بيروني 7، 1، 18 و10، 1، 7، ومقدمة ابن خلدون 3، 35، 16) ويقال يوماً وكسراً أي أكثر من يوم ويقال قيراطا إلا كسراً .. الخ معجم الادريسي.
كسر: أول حراثة في الأرض (ابن العوام 2، 9، 1، 18).
كسر: إبطال التأثير، تحييد، محايدة. (بوشر).
كَسر: الكسر عن قراءة القرآن هو الإمالة المحضة (محيط المحيط ص780).
كَسر وكِسر: في مادة كسر البيت يُفهم إنه الجزء الأكثر خفاءً أو عزلة من البيت (مقدمة ابن خلدون جزء 3، 226، 4، المقري 2، 404): لزوم كسر بيته: آثر العزلة (ترجمة ابن خلدون بقلمه 197، 241 المقري 1، 897، 20؛ وكذلك قعد في كسر بيته (المقري 1، 699، 17). رفع له كسر البيت: هيأ له ملجأ وحمى (البربرية 2، 342، 5).
كَسرة: وجمعها كسرات وكسور: فضلة، فتات الخبز؛ وفي هذا المعنى كان الجمع لدى (المقري) كسوراً (2، 929، 7).
كسرة: إفلاس، كسرة تاجر (بوشر، همبرت 105).
رجل ذو كسرات وهدرات: أي يغبن في كل شيء (محيط المحيط ص780).
كسرى والجمع كسور: نقود ملوك المجوس مثل قولنا لويس (من الذهب) ونابليون (من الذهب) (معجم المارودي).
كَسري: عدد كسري، ذو كسور (بوشر).
الكسر جوز والكسر لوز نوعان من أنواع العصافير (ياقوت 1، 885 الجزء الخامس).
كَسُور: الذي يكسر (ديوان الهذليين 245، 9).
كَسُور: وردت نعتاً لبغلة (في ألف ليلة رقم 1، 65).
كُسور: تكملة، تتمة، رصيد باق، مكمل لمبلغ من نقود صغير (بوشر).
كسير: مغلوب، مخذول (مملوك 1، 2، 273).
كُسارة: شق، فطر (ألف ليلة 1، 70، 12).
كسّار: كاسر؛ كسار الصوت، محارب الايقونات، عدو التقاليد (بوشر). كسّار وحدها أو كسار الحطب هو الحطّاب (بوشر).
كسّار الطواجن: سوسن (شيرب).
كسّار العظام: عقاب منسوري (ألكالا).
كاسر وجمعها كواسر: وهي الكواسر من الطير والمفترسة منها (بوشر) و (ألف ليلة 3، 449). طير كاسر: طير مفترس (بوشر).
كاسر: مصلح، مخفف، ملطف (بوشر).
كاسر الحجر: فصيلة من ذوات الفلقتين كثيرة التويجات (ابن البيطار 2، 339 وهو لدى بوشر كاسر وحدها).
إكسير: أصلها من الكلمة اليونانية اكسيروس وهو أصلاً عقار يابس يسحق ويمزج عليه اسم حجر الفلاسفة؛ وبالرغم من أن أصل الكلمة واشتقاقها يستعمل في تحضيرات بعض السوائل أي أن من الإكسير ما هو سائل أيضاً. (ينظر معجم فليشر ص70) و (زيشر 30، 536). فضة إكسير؟ (1، 370، 9 المقري).
إكسيرين: دواء مركَّب لعلاج الرمد (معجم المنصوري) ولم يكن (فوك) دقيقاً في كتابة الكلمة: إكسيريُن. أما (باين سميث فقد كتبها مرتين بفتح الراء ومرة واحدة بضم الياء).
تكسّر: عند الأطباء حالة يجد الإنسان فيها اختلافاً في البرد ونخساً في الجلد والعضل اختلافاً في البرد ونخساً في الجلد والعضل (محيط المحيط ص780).
تكسير: فصل، كسر، شق، وقشرة الأرض تقصّفها والجدار تشققه. (دوماس 425).
تكاسير الجلد: غضونة (معجم المنصوري في مادة غضون).
تكسير: مرونة الأعضاء (المقري 2، 163).
تكسير: وجع وتكسر في الجسد يطلق عليه الأطباء اسم الدعث والترصيم يصيب الإنسان والفرس يحدث فيه تيبساً وتقبضاً وهو ينشأ من تعب عظيم (بوشر).
تكسير: تبديل العملة بنقود أصغر منها (بوشر).
تكسير: التكسير عند المهندسين يستعمل بمعنى المساحة وعند أهل الجفر هو نوع من البسط، ويطلق على التحريف أيضاً، وعلم التكسير هو علم الجفر (محيط المحيط ص780).
تكسير: اصطلاح في علم أسرار الحروف (أنظر مقدمة ابن خلدون الجزء الثالث ص138 و147).
مَكْسر: صُلْب المكسِر: نوع راق (من الحنطة) (معجم الجغرافيا).
طيب المكسر: أي محمود عند الخبيرة (محيط المحيط) (وفي ديوان أبي تمام ورد في الهامش -مخطوطة 899 - ليّن الجانب للمعنى نفسه).
مكسر: اصطلاح عند النجارين. ولعلهم يقصدون به العرضة الخشبية التي تدعم السقف. وتعني أيضاً: جائزاً، رافدة، كمرة أو جسراً من الحديد؛ إن هذه الكلمة كُتبت (عند باين سميث 736) على هذه الشاكلة، أي مكسر. ثلاث مرات إلا أن المعنى نفسه اختلفت فيه التسمية في المواضع أخرى ففي ص1652 نجد المكنس والمكنجس وورد مرتين باسم المسكن وورد عند (بار علي ص4547) المكبس.
مكسَّر: كل ما هو أقل من العيار، إذا توخينا الدقة الحرفية في معنى هذه الكلمة أو ما هو أقل من الوزن النسبي للنقود ولكن في ال Transoxiane ( الدراهم) المكسّرة هي نوع من النقود (معجم الجغرافيا).
مكسّرات: اللوز والجوز المكسّر. (تبعاً لترجمة لألف ليلة وليلة الجزء الثالث، 215، برسل 1، 149، 4 المقري 1، 687، 13).
مكسور: حيث يراد حفظ الزيتون يقطف وهو أخضر ويضرب بالحجر الأملس أو بقطة خشبية إلى أن يتم هرسه فيسمى آنذاك الزيتون المكسور (ابن العوام) (1، 686، 3 - 6).
مكسور: عند الحديث عن الذهب أنظر معنى الكلمة سك في معناها الأول؛ (براكس، جريدة الشرق والجزائر) (ص342/ 6) يتطرق إلى وصف مزيل للشعر يدخل في صناعته كبريتور الذهب المكسور (إلى قطع).
مكسور: معزول وذلك عند الحديث عن قناة منقطعة لا تتصل بقناة أخرى أو بمجرى مائي آخر (معجم البلاذري).
مكسور: البضاعة أو الشيء الزهيد الثمن (ألف ليلة 9/ 199).
مكسور: مفلس، مشهر إفلاسه (بوشر، همبرت 106).
مكسور: غريق (وفي الأغلب سفينة غارقة) (دي ساسي دبلوماسية 11/ 43/9). نظر مكسور: نظرات متيّمة (بوشر).
انكسار: تواضع، خشوع، خضوع. (بوشر).
منكسر النفس: متواضع (بوشر).

كسر

1 كَسَرَهُ, (S, A, &c.,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K,) inf. n. كَسْرٌ; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ اكتسرهُ: (K;) [He broke it: or the latter signifies he broke it off: or it is similar to إِقْتَطَعَهُ and the like and signifies he broke it off for himself: for] you say مِنْهُ طَرَفًا ↓ اكتسرتُ [I broke off, or broke off for myself, from it, an extremity]. (A.) You say ↓ كَسَرْتُهُ انْكِسَارًا and إِنْكَسَرَ كَسْرًا, putting each of the inf. ns. in the place of the other, because of their agreement in meaning, not in respect of being trans. and intrans. (Sb, TA.) b2: كُسِرَ He had his leg broken; his leg broke. (Mgh.) b3: فُلَانٌ يَكْسِرُ عَلَيْكَ الفُوقَ, (A, K,) or الأَرْعَاظَ, (K,) or ↓ يُكَسِّرُ, (as in the CK, * and in a MS copy of the K, but we find the former reading in art. رعظ in the K,) [lit., Such a one breaks against thee the notch of the arrow, or the sockets of the arrow-heads: meaning,] (tropical:) such a one is angry with thee: (A, K:) or is vehemently angry with thee. (K, art. رعظ, in which see further explanations.) b4: [كُسِرَ بَيْنَهُمْ رُمْحٌ lit., A spear was broken among them: meaning, (assumed tropical:) a quarrel occurred among them. (Reiske, cited by Freytag, but whether from a classical author is not said; and explained by him as signifying Simultas inter eos intercessit.)] b5: كَسَرَ الكِتَابَ عَلَى عِدَّةِ أَبْوَابٍ وَفُصُولٍ (tropical:) [He divided the book, or writing, into a number of chapters and sections]. (A.) b6: كَسَرَ الشَّعْرَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. كَسْرٌ, (assumed tropical:) [He broke the measure of the poetry;] he did not make the measure of the poetry correct. (TA.) b7: كَسَرْتُ القَوْمَ, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) I [broke, crushed, routed, or] defeated, the people or party. (Msb.) b8: كَسَرْتُ خَصْمِى (tropical:) [I defeated my adversary]. (A.) b9: [كَسَرَ نَفْسَهُ (assumed tropical:) He broke, or subdued, his spirit. b10: (assumed tropical:) He abased, or humbled, himself.] b11: كَسَرْتُ مِنْ سَوْرَتِهِ (tropical:) [I broke, or subdued, or abated, somewhat of his impetuosity, or violence, or tyranny, or anger]. (A.) b12: كَسَرَ حُمَيَّا الخَمْر بِالْمِزَاجِ (tropical:) [He broke, or subdued, or abated, the intoxicating influence of the wine by the mixture of water]. (A.) b13: كَسَرَ مِنْ بَرْدِ المَآءِ, and حَرِّهِ, aor. and inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) He abated, or allayed, somewhat of the coldness of the water, and its heat. (TA.) b14: اِكْسِرْ عَنَّا: see an ex. voce رُوبَةٌ. b15: [كَسَرَ العَطَشَ (assumed tropical:) It abated, or allayed, thirst.] b16: كَسَرَ مَتَاعَهُ (tropical:) He sold his goods by retail, one piece of cloth after another: (IAar, K:) because, [on the contrary,] wholesale makes them to find purchasers readily. (TA) b17: كَسَرْتُ الرَّجُلَ عَنْ مُرَادِهِ (assumed tropical:) I turned the man, averted him, or turned him back, from his desire. (Msb.) b18: يَكْسِرُ ذَنَبَهُ بَعْدَ مَا أَشَالَهُ [app. (assumed tropical:) He contorts his tail after raising it], said of a camel. (K.) b19: كَسَرَ الثَّوْبَ, and الجِلْدَ, (assumed tropical:) He folded, and he creased, the garment, or piece of cloth, and the skin. Ex. of the former signification, [in which the pronoun refers to a tent:] مِنْ حَيْثُ يُكْسَرُ جَانِبَاهُ [(assumed tropical:) Where its two sides are folded]. (S.) You say also كَسَرَ الوِسَادَ, meaning (tropical:) He folded, or doubled, the pillow, or cushion, and leaned, or reclined, upon it. (K.) See also كَاسِرٌ. b20: كَسَرَ جَفْنَهُ نَحْوَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He blinked, (lit. he wrinkled his eyelid) towards him]. (Mgh. art. غمز.) You say also, رِيحٌ حَارَّةٌ تَكْسِرُ العَيْنَ حَرًّا (assumed tropical:) [A hot wind, that makes the eye to blink, or contract and wrinkle the eyelids, by reason of heat]. (K, art. خوص.) And كَسَرَ عَيْنَهُ, (A,) and كَسَرَ مِنْ طَرْفِهِ, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) He contracted (غَضَّ, q. v.,) his eye, or eyes; [so as to wrinkle the lids; in which sense the former phrase is used in the present day:] (K:) and كَسَرَ عَلَى

طَرْفِهِ, accord. to Th, he contracted (غَضَّ) his eye, or eyes, somewhat: (TA:) [or perhaps عَلَى is here a mistake for عَلَىَّ, in which case we must read طَرْفَهُ, so that the meaning would be as above with the addition at me:] and ↓ مُكَاسَرَةُ العَيْنَيْنِ signifies المُغَاضَنَةُ [i. e. the contracting of the eyes so as to wrinkle the lids]. (S, K, in art. غضن.) b21: كَسَرَ الطَّائِرُ جَنَاحَيْهِ, (A, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. كَسْرٌ; (TA;) and كَسَرَ alone, (S, A, K,) inf. n. كَسْرٌ and كُسُورٌ, (K,) or in this case, when the wings are not mentioned, كُسُورٌ [only]; which shows that a verb, when its objective complement is forgotten [or suppressed], and the inf. n. [for الحَدِيثُ in my original I read الحَدَثُ] itself is desired [to be expressed], follows the way of an intrans. verb; (A;) [ for فُعُولٌ is by rule the measure of the inf. n. of an intrans. verb, of the measure فَعَلَ, such as قَعَدَ, inf n. قُعُودٌ, and جَلَسَ, inf. n. جُلُوسٌ, and فَعْلٌ of that of a trans. verb;] (tropical:) The bird contracted his wings, (S, A, K,) or contracted them somewhat, (TA,) so that he might descend in his flight, (S,) or in order to alight. (A, K.) b22: [كَسَرَ الحَرْفَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. كَسْرٌ, He pronounced the letter with the vowel termed kesr: and he marked the letter with the sign of that vowel. A conv. phrase of lexicology and grammar.]

A2: See also 7.2 كسّرهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَكْسِيرٌ, (Msb,) is with teshdeed to denote muchness [of the action] or multiplicity [of the objects] (S) [He broke it much, in pieces, or into many pieces: or many times, or repeatedly; or he broke it, meaning a number or collection of things.] b2: فُلَانٌ يُكَسِّرُ عَلَيْكَ الفُوقَ, or الأَرْعَاظَ: see 1. b3: [كسّرهُ also signifies He divided it (i. e. a number, and a measure,) into fractions.] b4: كسّرهُ الكَرَى (tropical:) [Drowsiness made him languid]. (A, TA in art. هيض.] b5: [كسّر شَعَرَهُ, inf. n. تَكْسِيرٌ, (assumed tropical:) He crimped his hair, see رَطَّلَ.]

A2: كسّر المَآءُ الوَادِى (tropical:) The water made [the كُسُور, i. e.,] the turnings, bendings, or windings, (مَعَاطِف,) of the valley, and the parts thereof eaten away by torrents, to flow with water. (Th.) 3 كَاْسَرَ see 1.5 تكّسر, (S, A, Msb, K,) quasi-pass. of 2, (Msb, K,) [It broke, or became broken, much, in pieces, or into many pieces; or many times, or repeatedly; or it (a number or collection of things) broke, or became broken.] b2: [Said of water, and of sand, (assumed tropical:) It became rippled by the wind. And of crisp hair, (assumed tropical:) It became crimped; or became rimpled, as though crimped. (In these senses it is used in the S in art. حبك, &c. See حِبَاكٌ.) Also said of the skin, (assumed tropical:) It became wrinkled: see تَغَضَّنَ. Said of a garment, or piece of cloth, and of a coat of mail, and skin, (assumed tropical:) It became folded, and it became creased, much, or in several, or many places. See an ex. below, voce كِسْرٌ.] b3: [And hence, as meaning, (assumed tropical:) It became contracted,] said also of the eye. (TA in art. خشع.) [See 1.] b4: [(tropical:) He was, or became, languid, or loose in the joints. And (assumed tropical:) He affected languor, or languidness: a very common signification.] You say, فِيهِ تَخَنُّثٌ وَتَكَسُّرٌ (assumed tropical:) [In him is effeminacy, and affectation of languor or languidness]. (A.) And one says of an effeminate man, تكسّر فِى كَلَامِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He affected languor, or languidness, in his speech], (IDrd, O, voce تَفَرَّكَ,) and also مَشْيِهِ [his walk]. (K, ibid.) See also 7.7 انكسر, quasi-pass. of 1, (S, A, Msb, K,) [It broke, or became broken.] You say, ↓ كَسَرْتُهُ انْكِسَارًا and اِنْكَسَرَ كَسْرًا. (Sb, TA. See 1.) b2: انكسرت السِّهَامُ عَلَى الرُّؤُوسِ (assumed tropical:) The portions became fractional to the several heads; were not divisible into whole numbers. (Msb.) b3: انكسر الشِّعْرُ (assumed tropical:) The poetry became [broken, or] incorrect in measure. (TA.) b4: [انكسر القَوْمُ (assumed tropical:) The people became broken, or defeated.] b5: انكسر خَصْمِى (tropical:) [My adversary became defeated.] (A.) b6: [انكسرت نَفْسُهُ (assumed tropical:) His spirit became broken, or subdued: and انكسر, alone, he became broken in spirit; his sharpness of temper, vehemence of mind, or fierceness, became broken, or subdued; he became meek, gentle, or humble.] b7: [انكسر, said of a man, also signifies, very frequently, (tropical:) He became languid, or languishing. See the act. part. n., below. And see 5.] فَتْرَةٌ and اِنْكِسَارٌ and ضَعْفٌ are syn. (S, art. فتر.) b8: انكسر عَنِ الشَّىْءِ (assumed tropical:) He lacked power, or ability, to do, or accomplish the thing. And انكسر [alone] (assumed tropical:) He, or it, (said of anything, [man or beast,]) remitted, flagged, or became remiss, in an affair, lacking power, or ability, to perform, or accomplish, it. (TA.) b9: انكسر نَظَرُ الطَّرْفِ (assumed tropical:) The look of the eye, or eyes, became languid, or languishing; syn. فَتَرَ. (IKtt, in TA, art. فتر.) And انكسر طَرْفُهُ (assumed tropical:) [His eye, or eyes, or sight, became languid, or languishing, or not sharp]. (T, K, art. فتر.) b10: Also انكسر, said of the coldness of water, [and of cold, absolutely, and of the heat of water,] and of heat, [absolutely,] and of anything, (TA,) for instance, of a price, and so ↓ كَسَرَ, (Fr. in TA, art. قط,) (assumed tropical:) It abated, or became allayed; or, [said of heat,] it became languid, or faint. (TA.) b11: Said of dough, (assumed tropical:) It became soft, and leavened, or good, and fit to be baked. (TA.) b12: [Said of a garment, or piece of cloth, and skin, (assumed tropical:) It became folded; it became creased. Ex.:] يَطْوِى الثِّيَابَ أَوَّلَ طَيِّهَا حَتَّى تَنْكَسِرَ عَلَى طَبِّهِ [He folds the garments, or pieces of cloth, the first time of folding them, so that they may crease agreeably with his folding]. (S, K, voce قَسَامِىٌّ.

[In one copy of the S, I find تَتَكَسَّرَ in the place of تَنْكَسِرَ, which latter reading I find in a better copy of the same work.]) 8 إِكْتَسَرَ see 1, first sentence.

كَسْرٌ: see كِسْرٌ, throughout. b2: (tropical:) A fraction, or broken part of an integral, as the half, and the tenth, and the fifth; (Msb;) what does not amount to an integral portion: (K:) pl. كُسُورٌ. (A, Msb.) You say, ضَرَبَ الحُسَّابُ الكُسُورَ بَعْضَهَا فِى بَعْضٍ (tropical:) [The calculator multiplied the fractions together]. (A.) b3: Little in quantity or number: (ISd, K:) as though it were a fraction of much. (ISd.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A crease, wrinkle, ply plait, or fold, in skin, and in a garment or piece of cloth; (JK, S, * K, * voce غَرٌّ, in the CK غُرّ; and so accord. to the explanation of the pl. in the present art. in the TA;) as also ↓ مَكْسِرٌ: (accord. to the explanations of its pl. in the S, Mgh, Msb voce غَضْنٌ:) pl. of the former كُسُورٌ: (JK, S, voce غَرٌّ; and TA in the present art.;) and of the latter, مَكَاسِرُ. (S, Mgh, Msb, voce غَضْنٌ; &c.) b5: See also كُسُورٌ, below.

A2: [As a conventional term in grammar, A vowel-sound, well known; the sign for which is termed ↓ كَسْرَةٌ.]

كِسْرٌ and ↓ كَسْرٌ, (S, K, &c.,) the latter of which is [said to be] of higher authority (أَعْلَى) than the former, [but this is doubtful, for the former is certainly the more common,] (TA,) A portion of a limb: or a complete limb: (K:) or a limb by itself, which is not mixed with another: (TA:) or half of a bone, with the flesh that is upon it: (K:) or a bone upon which there is not much flesh, (S, K,) and which is broken; otherwise it is not thus called: (S) or any bone: (AHeyth:) or a limb of a camel: (TA:) or of a human being or other: (ISd. TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَكْسَارٌ (TA) and [of mult.]

كُسُورٌ. (S, TA.) b2: كِسرُ قَبِيحٍ, (S, K,) and قَبِيحٍ ↓ كَسْرُ, (S,) The bone of the سَاعِد [here meaning the upper half of the arm, from the part next the middle to the elbow. (El-Umawee, S, K.) [See also قَبِيحٌ. And كسر حَسَنٍ signifies The upper part of that bone.] b3: Also كِسْرٌ and ↓ كَسْرٌ The side of a بَيْت [or tent]: (K:) or the part of [each of] the two sides thereof that descends from the طَرِيقَتَانِ [app. meaning the two outer poles of the middle row]; every tent having two such, on the right and left: (TA:) or the lowest شُقَّة [or oblong piece of cloth] of a [tent of the kind called] خِبَآء: (A, K:) or the part of that شقّه which is folded or creased (تَكَسَّرَ وَتَثَنَّى) upon the ground: (K:) or the lowest شقّة of a بَيْت [or tent], that is next the ground, from where its (the tent's) two sides are folded (مِنْ حَيْثُ يُكْسَرُ جَانِبَاهُ), on thy right hand, and thy left. (ISk, S.) b4: Also, (K,) or ↓ كَسْرٌ [only], (TA,) [but for this limitation there appears no reason,] A side (K, TA) of anything; as, [for instance,] of a desert: (TA:) pl. أَكْسَارٌ and كُسُورٌ [app. in all the senses: see above]. (K.) b5: قِدْرٌ كِسْرٌ, and أَكْسَارٌ, (TA,) and إِنَآءٌ أَكْسَارٌ, (IAar,) and جَفْنَةٌ أَكْسَارٌ, (K,) A cooking-pot, (TA,) and a vessel, (IAar,) and a bowl, (K,) large, and [composed of several pieces] joined together: (IAar, K:) because of its greatness or its oldness: as though, in the second and following phrases, the term كسر applied to every distinct part of it. (TA.) b6: See also كُسُورٌ, below.

كَسْرَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A defeat. You say, وَقَعَ عَلَيْهِمُ الكَسْرَةُ Defeat befell them. (Msb.) A2: See also كَسْرٌ.

كِسْرَةٌ (in some copies of the K كِسْرٌ, but this is a mistake, TA,) A piece of a broken thing: (S, K:) or rather a piece broken from a thing: (TA:) or a fragment, or broken piece, of a thing: (Msb:) pl. كِسَرٌ. (S, Msb, K.) Yousay, كِسْرَةٌ مِنْ الخُبْزِ A broken piece of bread. (Msb.) See also كُسَارٌ.

كِسْرَى and كَسْرَى, (S, Msb, K,) the former of which is the more chaste, accord. to Th and others, and it alone is allowed by Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà, (Msb,) A name (TA) applied to the king of the Persians, (Msb, K, TA,) or a surname of the kings of the Persians, (S,) like النَّجَاشِىُّ, a name of the king of Abyssinia, (TA), arabicized from خُسْرَوْ, (S, K,) which means “ possessing ample dominion, ” (K,) in the Persian language: so they say: but خُسْرَوْ is itself arabicized from خُوشْ رُوْ, which means, in that language, “ goodly in countenance ”: (TA:) [but that خسرو is an arabicized word may reasonably be doubted:] accord. to IDrst, it is changed into كسرى because there is no word in Arabic having the first letter with damm and ending with و; and the خ is changed into ك to shew that it is Arabicized: (MF:) the pl. is أَكَاسِرَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) contr. to analogy, (S,) and كَسَاسِرَةٌ and أَكَاسِرُ and كُسُورٌ, (K,) [all of which are also] contr. to analogy: (TA:) by rule it should be كِسْرَوْنَ, like عِيسَوْنَ (S, K) and مُوسَوْنَ. (S.) كِسْرِىٌّ: see كِسْرَوِىٌّ.

كِسْرَوِىٌّ and ↓ كِسْرِىٌّ Of, or relating to, كِسْرَى; rel. ns. from كِسْرَى: (S, Msb, K:) and كَسْرَوِىٌّ alone is the rel. n. from كَسْرَى. (Msb.) [In the TA, it is said that one should not say كَسْرَوِىٌّ; but it seems that what is not allowable is كَسْرِىٌّ.]

كُسَارٌ and كُسَارَةٌ [Fragments, or broken pieces or particles, that fall from a thing:] what breaks from a thing: (Sgh:) or what breaks in pieces from a thing, (K, TA,) and falls: (TA:) fragments, or broken pieces or particles, (دُقَاق, ISk, S, and حُطَام, S,) of fire-wood. (ISk, S.) You speak of the كُسَار of glass, and of a mug, and of aloes-wood. (A.) كُسُورٌ (assumed tropical:) The turnings, bendings, or windings, (مَعَاطِف, K, TA,) and parts eaten away by torrents, (جِرَفَة, TA,) and ravines, (شِعَاب, K, TA,) of valleys, (K, TA,) and of mountains: (TA:) a pl. without a sing.: (K:) you do not say كَسْرُ الوَادِى nor كِسْرُ الوادى. (TA.) b2: أَرْضٌ ذَاتُ كُسُورٍ (tropical:) A land having [places of] ascent and descent. (S, A.) b3: See also كَسْرٌ and كِسْرٌ.

كَسِيرٌ i. q. ↓ مَكْسُورٌ, [Broken,] (S, K,) applied to a thing: (S:) and so the fem., without ة: (TA:) pl. كَسْرَى, (S, K,) like as مَرْضَى is pl. of مَرِيضٌ, (S,) and كَسَارَى: (K:) [and مَكَاسِيرُ is pl. of مَكْسُورٌ:] Abu-l-Hasan says, that Sb mentions the pl. مَكَاسِيرُ because it is of a kind proper to substs. (TA.) b2: ناقة كَسِيرٌ (S, K) i. q. مَكْسُورَةٌ [lit., A broken she-camel,] (K,) is like the phrase كَفٌّ خَضِيبٌ, (S, TA,) meaning مَخْضُوبَةٌ: (TA;) or a she-camel having one of its legs broken: (Mgh:) and شَاةٌ كَسِيرٌ a sheep, or goat, having one of its legs broken: كسير being of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ: (Mgh, Msb:) and كَسِيرَةٌ also, [app. as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant,] like نَطِيحَةٌ: (Msb:) كَسِيرٌ, occurring in a trad. is explained as signifying a sheep, or goat, having a broken leg, that cannot walk; (IAth, * Mgh;) but this requires consideration. (Mgh.) كَاسِرٌ [Breaking]; fem. with ة: pl. masc. and fem. كُسَّرٌ; and pl. fem. كَوَاسِرُ also (K.) b2: (tropical:) Folding or doubling, and leaning or reclining upon, a pillow or cushion. Hence the following. in a trad. of 'Omar, لا يَزَالُ أَحَدُهُمْ كَاسِرًا وِسَادَهُ عِنْدَ امْرَأَةٍ مُغْزِيَةٍ, meaning, (tropical:) Not one of them ceases to fold or double his pillow or cushion at the abode of a woman whose husband is absent in war, and to lean or recline upon it, and enter upon discourse with her. (IAth, TA.) b3: (tropical:) An eagle, (A, K,) and a hawk or falcon, (A,) contracting his wings, (A, K,) or contracting them somewhat, so that he may descend in his flight, (TA,) or in order to alight. (A, K.) b4: الكَاسِرُ ↓ The eagle. (S, M, K.) الإِكْسِيرُ i. q. الكِيمِيَآءُ q. v. (Sgh, K.) جَمْعُ التَّكْسِيرِ (assumed tropical:) [The broken plural;] the plural in which the composition of the singular is changed; (K;) the change being either apparent, as in رِجَالٌ, pl. of رَجُلٌ, or understood, as in فُلْكٌ, which is both sing. and pl., for the dammeh in the sing. in this case is like the dammeh of قُفْلٌ, and that in the pl. is like that of أسْدٌ. (Ibn-'Akeel: see Dieterici's “ Alfijjah ” &c.; pp.329 and 330.) b2: Also تَكْسِيرٌ (assumed tropical:) [The area of a circle]: in the circle are three things: دَوْرٌ [or circumference] and قُطْرٌ [or diameter] and تَكْسِيرٌ [or area], which [last] is the product of the multiplication of the half of the قطر by the half of the دور: and it is sometimes called مِسَاحَةٌ. You say, مَا تَكْسِيرُ دَائِرَةٍ

قُطْرُهَا سَبْعَةٌ وَدَوْرُهَا اثْنَانِ وَعِشْرُونَ [What is the area of a circle of which the diameter is seven and its circumference two-and-twenty?]: and the answer is ثَمَانِيَةٌ وَثَلَاثُونَ وَــنِصْفٌ [Eight-and-thirty and a half]. (TA.) [It is scarcely necessary to add that this is not perfectly exact.]

مَكْسِرٌ A place of breaking, (K, TA,) of anything. (TA.) You say, عُودٌ صُلْبُ المَكْسِرِ [Wood, or a piece of wood, or a branch, or twig, hard in the place of breaking,] when you know its goodness by its breaking: (S, A:) and عُودٌ طَيِّبُ المَكْسِرِ [Wood, &c., good in the place of breaking,] i. e. approved. (K.) b2: Hence, رَجُلٌ صُلْبُ المَكْسِرِ (A, L) (tropical:) A man who bears up against difficulty, distress, or adversity: because one breaks a piece of wood, to try if it be hard or soft. (TA.) And of a pl. number, هُمْ صِلَابُ المَكَاسِرِ. (A.) And فُلَانٌ هَشُّ المَكْسِرِ, (TA,) and ↓ المُكَسَّرِ, (TA in art. هش, q. v.,) (assumed tropical:) [Such a one is easy, or compliant, when asked], which is an expression of praise when it means [lit.] that he is not one whose wood gives only a sound when one endeavours to produce fire from it; and of dispraise when it means [lit.] that be is one whose wood is weak. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ طَيِّبُ المَكْسِرِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is praised when tried, proved, or tested: (S, TA:) and رَدِىْءُ المَكْسِرِ [dispraised when tried, &c.]. (TA.) [Wherefore it is said that] مَكْسِرٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The internal state; an internal, or intrinsic, quality; the intrinsic, or real, as opposed to the apparent, state, or to the aspect; syn. مَخْبَرٌ. (K.) b3: Also مَكْسِرٌ The lowest part (أَصْلٌ K, TA) of anything; and especially of a tree, where the branches are broken off. (TA.) b4: [Hence] it is said to be metonymically used as meaning (tropical:) Old property. (TA voce فَرْعٌ.) b5: See also كَسْرٌ.

مَكْسُورٌ: see كَسِيرٌ. b2: سَوْطٌ مَكْسُورٌ (assumed tropical:) A soft, weak, whip. (TA.) مُكَسَّرٌ pass. part. n. of 2, q. v. b2: See also مَكْسِرٌ, with which it is made synonymous. b3: (tropical:) A valley whose كُسُور (q. v.) flow with water: (K:) or are made to flow: (Th:) accord. to one relation of a saying in which it occurs, it is مُكْسَرٌ. (TA.) فُلَانٌ مُكَاسِرِى, (S,) or جَارِى مُكَاسِرِى, (ISd, K,) Such a one is my neighbour; (S;) the كِسْر (q. v.) of his tent is next the كِسْر of my tent. (S, ISd, K.) مُنْكَسِرٌ has for its pl. مَكَاسِيرُ, which is extr.; like مَسَاحِيقُ, pl. of مُنْسَحِقٌ. (TA in art. سحق.) رَأَيْتُهُ مُنْكَسِرًا (tropical:) I saw him in a languid, or languishing state. (A.)

شرك

1 شَرِكَهُ فِيهِ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شِرْكَةٌ (S, Mgh, * Msb, K) and شَرِكَةٌ, the former a contraction of the latter, but the more usual, (Msb,) and شِرْكٌ (Mgh, Msb) and شَرِكٌ, the former of these two a contraction of the latter, but the more usual, (Msb,) or شِرْكٌ [q. v. infrà] is a simple subst., (S, K,) [He shared, participated, or partook, with him in it;] he was, or became, a شَرِيك [or copartner &c.] to him in it; (Msb;) namely, a sale or purchase, and an inheritance, (S, K,) or an affair; (Msb;) and فيه ↓ شاركهُ [signifies the same]. (Mgh, Msb, * K. * [It is said in the TA, after the mention of شَرِكَهُ with its inf. n. شِرْكَةٌ, that it is more chaste than ↓ اشركهُ; by which it is implied that this latter is sometimes used as syn. with the former; for which I do not find any express authority.] And He entered with him into it; [or engaged with him in it;] namely, an affair. (TA.) A2: شَرِكَتِ النَّعْلُ, aor. ـَ The sandal had its شِرَاك broken; (Ibn-Buzurj, K;) inf. n. شَرَكٌ. (TK.) 2 شَرَّكَ see 4. b2: [The inf. n.] تَشْرِيكٌ also signifies The selling a part [or share] of what one has purchased for that for which it was purchased. (Mgh, K.) A2: شرّك النَّعْلَ, (S, * Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَشْرِيكٌ, (S, K,) He put a شِرَاك to the sandal; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ أَشْرَكَهَا, (S, TA,) inf. n. إِشْرَاكٌ. (TA.) 3 شَارَكْتُ فُلَانًا, (S, TA,) inf. n. مُشَارَكَةٌ, (TK,) [I shared, participated, or partook, with such a one;] I was, or became, the شَرِيك [or copartner &c.] of such a one. (S, TA.) El-Jaadee says, وَشَارَكْنَا قُرَيْشًا فِى تُقَاهَا العِنَانِ ↓ وَفِى أَحْسَابِهَا شِرْكَ [And we shared with Kureysh in their piety and in their several grounds of pretension to respect, with a sharing exclusive of other properties]. (S.) See also 1. [And see 8.]4 أَشْرَكْتُهُ فِى الأَمْرِ I made him a شَرِيك [or copartner &c.] to me in the affair: and ↓ شَرَّكْتُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِى المَالِ [I made them copartners in the property; and شَرَّكَهُمْ, occurring in this art. in the TA, on the authority of Esh-Sháfi'ee, means, in like manner, he made them copartners; and أَشْرَكَ بَيْنَهُمْ is used in this sense in the present art. in the K]. (Msb.) وَأَشْرِكْهُ فِى أَمْرِى, in the Kur [xx. 33], means And make Thou him my شَرِيك [or copartner, or associate, or colleague,] in my affair. (S.) And one says also, اشركهُ مَعَهُ فِى

الأَمْرِ He made him to enter [or engage] with him in the affair: and اشرك فُلَانًا فِى البَيْعِ He made such a one to enter [or share] with him in the sale or purchase. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] اشرك بِاللّٰهِ He attributed to God a شَرِيك [or copartner &c.] (Mgh, TA) in his dominion: (TA:) [or he attributed to God شُرَكَآء i. e. copartners &c., such as the angels and the devils: (see Kur vi.

100, &c., and any of the expositions thereof:) i. e. he believed in a duality, or a plurality, of gods:] and [in a wider sense,] he disbelieved [or misbelieved] in God: syn. كَفَرَ: (S, * Msb, K, TA:) used in this latter sense because الكُفْرُ is not free from some kind of شِرْك. (Kull p. 49.) A2: See also 1: A3: and 2.6 تَشَاْرَكَ see the next paragraph, in three places.8 اشتركوا and ↓ تشاركوا, (Mgh, Msb,) and اشتركا and ↓ تشاركا, (K,) and اشتركنا and ↓ تشاركنا, (S,) [They, and they two, and we, shared, participated, or partook, one with another, and each with the other; or were, or became, copartners, &c.;] فِى كَذَا [in such a thing]. (S.) b2: [Hence,] الاِشْتِرَاكُ in lexicology signifies The being homonymous; lit. the being shared, or participated, in by several meanings: [used as a subst., homonymy:] (Mz, 25th نوع; and Intr. to the TA:) one says of a noun [or word] that is termed مُشْتَرَكٌ [q. v.], تَشْتَرِكُ فِيهِ مَعَانٍ كَثِيرَةٌ [Many meanings share, or participate, in it]. (TA.) b3: And اشترك الأَمْرُ (assumed tropical:) The affair, or case, was, or became, confused, and dubious. (TA.) شَرْكٌ: see what next follows.

شِرْكٌ is an inf. n. of شَرِكَهُ, as mentioned in the first sentence of this art.: (Mgh, Msb:) or a subst. therefrom: (S:) and is syn. with ↓ شِرْكَةٌ, [signifying A sharing, participating or participation, partaking, or copartnership, and mentioned before as an inf. n.,] (K,) as also are ↓ شَرِكٌ and ↓ شَرِكَةٌ, [likewise mentioned before as inf. ns.,] and ↓ شَرْكٌ and ↓ شَرْكَةٌ, (MF, TA,) and so is ↓ شُرْكَةٌ, with damm, (K,) this last said by MF to be unknown, but it is common in Syria, almost to the exclusion of the other dial. vars. mentioned above. (TA.) An ex. of the first occurs in a trad, of Mo'ádh, أَجَازَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ اليَمَنِ الشِّرْكَ, meaning [He allowed, among the people of El-Yemen,] the sharing, one with another, (الاِشْتِرَاك,) in land [and app. its produce], by its owner giving it to another for the half [app. of its produce], or the third, or the like thereof: and a similar ex. of the same word occurs in another trad. (TA.) See also an ex. in a verse cited above, conj. 3. And one says, رَغِبْنَا فِى شِرْكِكُمْ, meaning We are desirous of sharing with you in affinity, or relationship by marriage. (K, * TA.) b2: And A share: (Mgh, O, Msb, TA:) as in the saying, بِيعَ شِرْكٌ مِنْ دَارِهِ [A share of his house was sold]: (Mgh:) and as in the saying, أَعْتَقَ شِرْكًا لَهُ فِى عَبْدٍ [He emancipated a share belonging to him in a slave]: (Msb:) pl. أَشْرَاكٌ. (O, Msb, TA.) [See a verse of Lebeed cited voce زَعَامَةٌ.] b3: It is also a subst. from أَشْرَكَ بِاللّٰهِ; (Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) thus in the Kur xxxi. 12; (Mgh, TA;) meaning The attribution of a شَرِيك [or copartner &c., or of شُرَكَآء i. e. copartners

&c., (see 4,)] to God: (Mgh:) [so that it may be rendered belief in a plurality of gods:] and [in a wider sense,] unbelief [or misbelief]; syn. كُفْرٌ. (S, Msb, K, TA.) And it is also expl. as meaning Hypocrisy: (Mgh, TA:) so in the saying of the Prophet, إِنَّ أَخْوَفَ مَا أَخَافُ عَلَى أُمَّتِى الشِّرْكُ [Verily the most fearful of what I fear for my people is hypocrisy]: (Mgh:) and so in the trad., الشِّرْكُ أَخْفَى فِى أُمَّتِى مِنْ دَبِيبِ النَّمْلِ [Hypocrisy is more latent in my people than the creeping of ants]. (IAth, TA.) b4: See also شَرِيكٌ, in two places.

شَرَكٌ The حِبَالَة [properly a sing., meaning snare, but here app. used as a gen. n., meaning snares, as will be seen from what follows,] of the صَائِد [i. e. sportsman, or catcher of game, or wild animals, or birds]; one of which is called ↓ شَرَكَةٌ: (S, O:) the meaning of the شَرَك of the صَائِد is well known; and the pl. is أَشْرَاكٌ; like سَبَبٌ and أَسْبَابٌ: or, as some say, شَرَكٌ is the pl. of ↓ شَرَكَةٌ, [or rather is a coll. gen. n. of which ↓ شَرَكَةٌ is the n. un.,] like قَصَبٌ and قَصَبَةٌ: (Msb:) [i. e.,] شَرَكٌ signifies the حَبَائِل [or snares, or by this may perhaps be meant the cords composing a snare, for حَبَائِلُ is an anomalous pl. of حَبْلٌ,] for catching wild animals or the like; and what is, or are, set up for [catching] birds: (K, TA:) one whereof is said to be called ↓ شَرَكَةٌ [a term used in the K, in art. شبك, as the explanation of شَبَكَةٌ, which means a net]: (TA:) and the pl. of شَرَكٌ is شُرُكٌ, with two dammehs, which is extr. [with respect to analogy, like فُلُكٌ pl. of فَلَكٌ]. (K.) Hence the trad., أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ الشَّيْطَانِ وَشَرَكِهِ, meaning حَبَائِلِهِ وَمَصَايِدِهِ [i. e. I seek protection by Thee from the mischief of the Devil, and his snares]. (TA.) b2: شَرَكُ الطَّرِيقِ means The main and middle parts of the road; (S, K;) syn. جَوَادُّهُ: or the tracks that are [conspicuous and distinct,] not obscure to one nor blended together: (K:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of ↓ شَرَكَةٌ: (S:) or the أَنْسَاع of the road; (As, TA;) i. e. the furrows of the road, made by the beasts with their legs [or feet] in its surface, a ↓ شَرَكَة here and another by the side of it: (TA:) or أَشْرَاكٌ [is its pl., and] signifies the small tracks that branch off from the main road and then stop, or terminate. (Sh, TA.) [See أُسٌّ.]

شَرِكٌ: see شِرْكٌ, first sentence.

شَرْكَةٌ: see شِرْكٌ, first sentence.

شُرْكَةٌ: see شِرْكٌ, first sentence.

شِرْكَةٌ: see شِرْكٌ, first sentence. b2: Also A piece of flesh-meat; of the dial. of El-Yemen; originally, of a slaughtered camel, in which people share, one with another. (TA.) شَرَكَةٌ: see شَرَكٌ, in six places.

شَرِكَةٌ: see شِرْكٌ, first sentence.

شُرَكِىٌّ and شُرَّكِىٌّ A quick, or swift, pace: (K:) so says ISd. (TA.) And لَطْمٌ شُرَكِىٌّ A quick and consecutive slapping, (S, O, K,) like the camel's slapping when a thorn has entered his foot and he beats the ground with it with a consecutive beating. (S, * O.) Ows Ibn-Hajar says, وَمَا أَنَ إِلَّا مُسْتَعِدٌّ كَمَا تَرَى

أَخُو شُرَكِىِّ الوِرْدِ غَيْرُ مُعَتِّمِ [And I am none other than one who is ready, as thou seest; one in the habit of quick and consecutive coming to water; not one who is dilatory]: i. e., one coming to water time after time, consecutively: he means, I will do to thee what thou dislikest, not delaying to do that. (S.) شِرَاكٌ The thong, or strap, of the sandal, (Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) that is on the face thereof, (TA,) upon the back [meaning upper side] of the foot, (Mgh, Msb,) [extending from the thong, or strap, that passes between two of the toes, towards the ankle, and having two arms (its عَضُدَانِ), which are attached to the أُذُنَانِ (q. v.), or pass through these and unite behind the foot: see also خِزَامَةٌ, and فَرَصَهُ, whence it appears to mean also each arm, and the two arms, of the شِرَاك properly so called: and see سَيْرٌ, where it appears to be used as meaning a thong or strap, absolutely:] the شِرَاك of the sandal is well known: (O:) pl. شُرُكٌ, (O, K, TA,) and accord. to the K أَشْرُكٌ also, but this is a mistake. (TA.) To this is likened, in a trad., the shadow at the base of a wall, on the eastern side thereof, when very small [or narrow], showing that the sun has begun to decline from the meridian. (Mgh, Msb,) b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) A streak of herbage: (S, O, K:) pl. شُرُكٌ, (S, O, TA,) expl. by AHn as meaning herbage in streaks; not continuous. (TA.) One says, الكَلَأُ فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ شُرُكٌ (assumed tropical:) The herbage among the sons of such a one is composed of streaks. (Aboo-Nasr, S, O.) b3: [In the K voce بَنَقَ it is used as meaning (assumed tropical:) A row of shoots, or offsets, cut from palm-trees and planted, such as are termed, when planted, مُبَنَّقٌ and مُنَبَّقٌ.] b4: [Hence,] one says, مَضَوْا عَلَى شِرَاكٍ وَاحِدٍ (tropical:) [They went away in one uniform line or manner]. (TA.) And اِجْعَلِ الأَمْرَ شِرَاكًا وَاحِدًا (assumed tropical:) Make thou the affair, or case, [uniform, or] one uniform thing. (Fr, TA in art. بأج.) شَرِيكٌ act. part. n. of شَرِكَةٌ; (Mgh;) i. q. ↓ مُشَارِكٌ [A sharer, participator, partaker, or partner, with another; a copartner, an associate, or a colleague, of another]; (K;) and ↓ شِرْكٌ signifies the same: (Az, K, TA:) a sharer in what is not divided: (K and TK in art. خلط:) or a sharer in the rights of a thing that is sold: (Mgh in that art.:) pl. شُرَكَآءُ and أَشْرَاكٌ, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) like شُرَفَآءُ and أَشْرَافٌ pls. of شَرِيفٌ; (S, O, TA;) or the latter is pl. of ↓ شِرْكٌ: (Az, TA:) a woman is termed شَرِيكَةٌ; (S, O, K;) which is applied to a man's جَارَة [i. e. wife, or object of love]; (TA;) and the pl. of this is شَرَائِكُ. (S, O, K.) Az mentions his having heard one of the Arabs say, فُلَانٌ شَرِيكُ فُلَانٍ meaning Such a one is married to the daughter, or to the sister, of such a one; what people call the خَتَن [of such a one]. (TA.) مُشْرِكٌ and ↓ مُشْرِكِىٌّ, (S, O, K,) like as one says دَوٌّ and دَوِّىٌّ, and قَعْسَرٌ and قَعْسَرِىٌّ, (S, O,) One who attributes to God a شَرِيك [or copartner &c., or شُرَكَآء i. e. copartners &c. (see 4)]: (O:) [i. e. a believer in a duality, or a plurality, of gods:] and [in a wider sense,] a disbeliever [or misbeliever] in God. (S, O, K.) Abu-l-'Abbás explains [the pl.] مُشْرِكُونَ in the Kur xvi. 102 as meaning Those who are مشركون by their obeying the Devil; by their worshipping God and worshipping with Him the Devil. (TA.) b2: [In one place, in the CK, the former word is erroneously put for مُشْتَرَكٌ, q. v., last sentence.]

مُشْرِكِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

الفَرِيضَةُ المُشَرَّكَةُ, (O, K, TA,) or المَسْأَلَةُ المَشَرَّكَةُ, (Msb,) for المُشَرَّكُ فِيهَا, (Msb, TA,) is That [assigned portion of inheritance, or the question relating thereto (المَسْأَلَةُ المُشَرَّكَةُ being for مَسْأَلَةُ الفَرِيضَةِ المُشَرَّكَةِ),] in which the brothers by the mother's side [only] and those by [both] the father's and the mother's sides are made to share together; (O, Msb, * K, TA;) also called ↓ المُشَرِّكَةُ [that makes to share], tropically; (Msb;) and called also ↓ المُشْتَرَكَةُ [for المُشْتَرَكُ فِيهَا i. e. that is shared in]: (Lth, K, TA:) this is the case of a husband and a mother and brothers by the mother's side and brothers by the father's and mother's sides: (O, K, TA:) for the wife is half; and for the mother, a sixth; and for the brothers by the mother's side, a third, and the brothers by the father's and mother's sides share with them: (O, TA:) 'Omar decided in a case of this kind by assigning the third to two brothers by the mother's side, and not assigning anything to the brothers by the father's and mother's sides; whereupon they said, يَا أَمِيرَ المُؤْمِنِينَ هَبْ أَنَّ

أَبَانَا كَانَ حِمَارًا فَأَشْرِكْنَا بِقَرَابَةِ أُمَّنَا [O Prince of the Believers, suppose that our father was an ass, and make us to share by reason of the relationship of our mother]: so he made them to share together (فَأَشْرَكَ بَيْنَهُمْ [thus in the O and K, but correctly فَشَرَّكَ بينهم, or, as afterwards in the TA, فَشَرَّكَهُمْ]): (O, K, TA:) therefore it (i. e. the فَرِيضَة, TA) was called مُشَرَّكَة [and مُشَرِّكَة] and مُشْتَرَكَة, [in the CK, erroneously, مُشْرَكَة,] and also حِمَارِيَّة: (K, TA:) and it is also called حَجَرِيَّة, because it is related that they said, هَبْ أَنَّ أَبَانَا كَانَ حَجَرًا مُلْقًى فِى اليَمِّ [suppose that our father was a stone thrown into the sea]; and [therefore] some called it يَمِّيَّة: and it was called also عُمَرِيَّة. (TA. [More is there added, explaining different decisions of this case.]) المُشَرِّكَةُ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُشَارِكٌ: see شَرِيكٌ. b2: رِيحٌ مُشَارِكٌ means A wind to which the نَكْبَآء [q. v.] is nearer than the two winds between which this blows. (K.) مُشْتَرَكٌ, applied to a road (طَرِيق, Mgh, Msb, TA), is for مُشْتَرَكٌ فِيهِ, (Msb,) meaning [Shared in: or] in which the people are equal [sharers]. (TA.) b2: Hence, الأَجِيرُ المُشْتَرَكُ [in my copy of the Mgh, erroneously, المُشْتَرِكُ,] The hired man [that is shared in; i. e.,] whose work no one has for himself exclusively of others, but who works for every one who repairs to him for work, like the tailor in the sitting-places of the markets; (Msb;) or who works for whom he pleases: as to أَجِيرُ المُشْتَرَكِ, it is not right, unless the word thus governed in the gen. case be expl. as an inf. n. (Mgh.) b3: See also الفَرِيضَةُ المُشَرَّكَةُ, above. b4: اِسْمٌ مُشْتَرَكٌ [in like manner for مُشْتَرَكٌ فِيهِ A noun shared in by several meanings; i. e. a homonym;] a noun shared in by many meanings, such as عَيْنٌ and the like: (Mz, 25th نوع; and TA in the present art. and in the Intr.:) or مُشْتَرَكٌ signifies a word having two, or more, meanings; and is applied to a noun, and to the pret. of a verb as denoting predication and prayer, and to the aor. as denoting the present and the future, and to a particle: (Mz ubi suprà:) [مُشْتَرَكٌ used as a subst., meaning a homonym, has for its pl. مُشْتَرَكَاتٌ.] b5: [الحِسُّ المُشْتَرَكُ, for المُشْتَرَكُ فِيهِ, signifies, in the conventional language of the philosophers, The faculty of fancy; so called because “ participated in ” by the five senses: but it is vulgarly used as meaning common sense.]

b6: مُشْتَرَكٌ applied to a man, [for مُشْتَرَكٌ فِيهِ,] means (assumed tropical:) Talking to himself, like him who is affected with anxiety; (As, S, K, TA; [in the CK, erroneously, مُشْرِكٌ;]) his judgment being shared in; not one. (TA.)

جور: جار على: تعدى على، ويقال: جار على أرض غيره: تغدى عليها (بوشر).
وفي المثل: الجار ولو جار أي راع جارك وداره ولو تعدى وظلم (بوشر).
جَوَّر إلى (دي ساسي طرائف عربية 2: 56) وجوَّر عن، أي مال إلى، ومال عن، حاد. ففي طرائف عربية (1: 8) جوّر عن عدن أي حاد عنها.
وجور: قعَّر، جوّف، عمّق (بوشر، هلو، همبرت ص178).
جاور. يقال: جاور الكذب (أي صار جاراً له) بمعنى اختلق الأكاذيب وروجها (كليلة ودمنة ص20).
تجاور= جارَ: تعدى وظلم (معجم الماوردي).
استجار به: استغاث واستعان واستجاره: وجده جائزاً ظالماً. وكذلك استجوره، ففي حيان (ص54 ق): قامت عليهم القيامة واستجوروا سلطان الجماعة وتشوفوا إلى الفتنة (عباد 1: 169) وقد صححت النص والترجمة لهذه العبارة (3: 30، 31).
جار: أنظر المثل الجار ولو جار، في جارَ.
جار محي الدين: اسم يطلقه أهل دمشق على القثاء المخلل، لأنهم يخللونه في الصالحية حيث ضريح محي الدين بن العربي الصوفي الشهير وأكبر أولياء الترك. فهذا الأولى والقثاء المخلل جاران. (زيشر 1: 520). ابن البيطار 1: 238، 2: 43).
جار النهر: سلق الماء (نبات) (بوشر،) جَوْر: جمعه في معجم فوك اجوار
جارة: جوار (ألف ليلة 1: 9).
جُوَرة: جوار (فوك).
وجورة: حفرة، نقرة، غار (بوشر، همبرت ص178) وهي نقرة عند كاستل، وجوبة وقعره وحفيرة عند جرمين دي سيل (ألف ليلة، برسل 4: 275، ابن العوام 1: 200 وفي مخطوطة ليدن: الحورة ولعل صوابه الخوذة): قبر، سرب (هلو).
وجورة: تنور، وجاق (ميهرن ص27).
جَوْرِي: اعتدائي (نسبة إلى الجور وهو الاعتداء والظلم) (بوشر).
وجَوُري: نسبة إلى جَوْر وهو خشب الصندل الأبيض. راجع مقاصري في قصر.
وبخور جَوَّري: ميعة، لبان جاوي (بوشر).
جُورِيّ: نسبة إلى جور (بالفارسية كَوز) وهي مدينة بفارس عرفت ذلك باسم فيروز آباد. وقد اشتهرت بوردها الأحمر (الورد الجوري) وهو أجود أصناف الورد وهو الأحمر الصافي (ياقوت 2: 147)، كما اشتهرت بماء الورد الذي يستخرج منه بالتقطير. (أبو الفداء جغرافية ص325)، ولذلك سميت (بلد الورد) (لب الألباب ص70).
ومن هذا نجد في معجم بوشر (ورد جوري): ورد دمشقي أحمر. كما نجد أيضاً: جوزي بمعنى وردي، أحمر قاني قرمزي. (بوشر، همبرت ص81).
جَوْران: جَوئْر، ظلم، تعد (بوشر).
جوراية: منديل من الموصلي (الموسلين) الأبيض مطرز بخيوط الذهب أو الحرير (بوشر).
جوار (مثلثة الجيم). يقال، مجازاً: جوار المظاهرة: مجاورة الظفر والظهور على العدو، والظفر القريب (تاريخ البربر 2: 262).
وتدل لفظة الجوار وحدها على نفس المعنى. (تاريخ البربر 1: 549) وقد صحفت فيه الكلمة إلى الحوار، والصواب الجوار كما جاء في مخطوطتنا رقم 1351، مخطوطتي باريس رقم 74 ورقم 74.
ومخطوطة لندن وطبعة بولاق.
وجُوّار: يقرب، يجانب (فوك).
جائر: ظالم ومعتد ومغتصب (بوشر).
وجائر في اصطلاح الاساكفة: قالب عظيم من الخشب للأحذية (محيط المحيط).
وجائر: حيران في معجم هلو، وهو خطأ وصوابه به حائر بالحاء المهملة.
مُجِير: خبّاوي (دوماس حياة العرب ص381).
مُجاور: يطلق أهل المدينة (المنورة) اليوم اسم المجاورين على اللذين يسكنون المدينة ولم يكونوا قد ولدوا فيها (برتون 1: 360).
ومجاور: حارس ضريح الولي (برتون 1: 95).

جور

1 جَارَ, aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. جَوْرٌ, (S, A, K,) He declined, or deviated, from the right course; (S, A;) and so جارعَنِ القَصْدِ: (A:) he wandered from the right way: (TA:) he pursued a wrong course: (K:) or he left the right way in journeying: and it (anything) declined. (TA.) Yousay also, جار عَنِ الطِّرِيقِ He declined, or deviated, from the road, or way. (S, Mgh, Msb.) b2: and جار, (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. as above, (Msb,) and so the inf. n., (Mgh, Msb, K,) He acted wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically, (S, * Mgh, Msb, K,) عَلَيْهِ against him, (S, TA,) فِى

حُكْمِهِ in his judgment, (Msb,) or فِى الحُكْمِ in judgment. (S, TA.) b3: جارتِ الأَرْضُ (tropical:) The plants, or herbage, of the land grew tall: (A, TA:) and so جَأَرَت. (TA.) A2: See also 10.2 جوّرهُ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. تَجْوِيرٌ, (S,) He attributed, or imputed, to him, or charged him with, or accused him of, wrongful, unjust, injurious, or tyrannical, conduct; (S, K;) contr. of عَدَّلَهُ. (A.) A2: He prostrated him (S, K) by a blow, (S,) or by a thrust of a spear or the like; from جار “he, or it, declined;”; (A;) like كَوَّرَهُ. (S.) b2: He threw it down, (TA,) and overturned it; (K, TA;) namely, a building, and a tent, &c.: (TA:) he took it to pieces; namely, a tent. (A.) 3 جاوِرهُ, inf. n. مُجَاوَرَةٌ and جِوَارٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ جُوَارٌ, (S, M, and some copies of the K,) or the last is a simple subst., (Msb,) and ↓ جَوَارٌ, (M, and so in some copies of the K instead of جُوَارٌ,) of which forms the second (جِوَارٌ) is more chaste than the third (S, TA) and than the fourth, as relating to the verb in the sense here following, though some disapprove of it, and assert the third and the fourth to be more chaste; (TA;) He became his جار [or neighbour]; (K;) he lived in his neighbourhood, or near to him: (Msb, TA:) or he lived in a dwelling contiguous to his. (Msb.) b2: Also جاورهُ, (TA,) inf. n. جِوَارٌ, (K,) and ↓ جُوَارٌ is said to be a quasi-inf. n., and more chaste than جِوَارٌ as relating to the verb in the sense here following; (TA;) He bound himself to him by a covenant to protect him. (K, TA.) b3: and جاور بَنّى فُلَانٍ, and فِى بنى فلان, inf. n. مَجَاوَرَةٌ and جِوَارٌ, He protected himself by a covenant with the sons of such a one; from مُجَاوَرَةٌ signifying the “ living near. ” (TA.) b4: And جاور, inf. n. مُجَاوَرَةٌ, i. q. اِعْتَكَفَ فِى مَسْجِدٍ [He confined himself in a mosque, or place of worship, during a period of days and nights, or at least during one whole day, fasting from daybreak to sunset, and occupying himself in prayer and religious meditation, without any interruption by affairs distracting the mind from devotion and not pressing]. (S, K.) But جاور بِمَكَّةَ, and بِالمَدِينَةِ, signifies absolutely He abode in Mekkeh, and El-Medeeneh; not necessarily implying conformity with the conditions of اِعْتِكَاف required by the law [though generally meaning for the purpose of study: and so in the neighbourhood of the great collegiate mosque called the Azhar, in Cairo: so that the term ↓ مُجَاوِرٌ means a student of Mekkeh &c.]. (TA.) 4 اجارهُ, (S, A, &c.,) inf. n. إِجَارَةٌ (Mgh, K) and ↓ جَارَةٌ, (Kr, K,) [or the latter is rather a quasi-inf. n., like طَاعَةٌ from أَطَاعَهُ,] He protected him; granted him refuge; (K;) preserved, saved, rescued, or liberated, him; (S, A, Msb, K;) from (مِنْ) wrongful, unjust, injurious, or tyrannical, treatment; (S, K;) from punishment; (S, A;) or from what he feared: (Msb:) he aided him; succoured him; delivered him from evil: the أَ having a privative effect. (Mgh.) It is said of God, يُجِيرُ وَلَا يُجَارُ عَلَيْهِ He protects, but none is protected against him. (TA.) And in the Kur [lxxii. 22], قُلْ إِنِّى لَنْ يُجِيرَنِى مِنَ اللّٰهِ أَحَدٌ Verily none will protect me against God. (TA.) b2: اجار المَتَاعَ He put the household-goods, or commodities, into the repository, (K, TA,) and so preserved them from being lost. (TA.) b3: It is said [of God] in a trad., يُجِيرُ بَيْنَ البُحُورِ He makes a division between the seas, and prevents one from mixing with another and encroaching upon it. (TA.) 5 تجوّر He became prostrated; (S;) he fell down; (K;) by reason of a blow. (S, TA.) b2: It (a building, TA) became thrown down, or demolished. (K.) b3: He (a man, TA) laid himself down on his side (K) upon his bed. (TA.) 6 تَجَاوَرُوا and ↓ اِجْتَوَرُوا (S, K) are syn., (S,) signifying They became mutual neighbours; they lived near together: (K, * TA:) the [radical] و in the latter verb remaining unaltered because this verb is syn. with one in which the و must preserve its original form on account of the quiescence of the preceding letter, namely, تجاوروا, (S, TA,) and to show that it is syn. therewith: but اِجْتَارُوا also occurs. (TA.) b2: [Also They bound themselves by a covenant to protect one another.]8 إِجْتَوَرَ see 6.10 استجار and ↓ جَارَ, (K,) the latter like جَارٌ as syn. with مُسْتَجِيرٌ, (TA,) He sought, desired, or asked, to be protected; to be granted refuge; to be preserved, saved, rescued, or liberated. (K.) And استجارهُ He desired him, or asked him, to preserve, save, rescue, or deliver, him, (S, A, Msb,) مِنْ فُلَانٍ from such a one. (S.) and استجار بِهِ He had recourse to him for refuge, protection, or preservation; he sought his protection. (TA.) جَارٌ A neighbour; one who lives near to another; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) one who lives in the next tent or house: (IAar, Th, T, Msb:) pl. [of mult.]

جِيرَانٌ (Msb, K) [and جِوَارٌ (a pl. not of unfrequent occurrence, and mentioned by Freytag as used by El-Mutanebbee,)] and [of pauc.] جِيرَةٌ and أَجْوَارٌ; (K;) like قَاعٌ, pl. قِيعَانٌ and قِيعَةٌ and أَقْوَاعٌ, the only similar instance: (TA:) fem. with ة. (Mgh.) الجَارُ ذُو القُرْبَى [in the Kur iv. 40] is The relation, or kinsman, who is abiding in one's neighbourhood: or who is abiding in one town or district or the like while thou art in another, and who has that title to respect which belongs to nearness of relationship: (TA:) or the near neighbour: (Bd, Jel:) or the near relation: (Jel:) or he who is near, and connected, by relationship or religion. (Bd.) جَارُ الجَنْبِ: and الجَارُ الجُنُبُ and جَارُ الجُنُبِ: see art. جنب.

جَارٌ نِفِّيجٌ A stranger [who has become one's neighbour]. (TA.) b2: A person whom one protects from wrongful, unjust, injurious, or tyrannical, treatment. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) b3: One who seeks, or asks, protection (Msb, K) of another: جَارُكَ signifying he who seeks thy protection. (TA.) b4: A protector; (A, Mgh, Msb, K;) one who protects another from that which he fears; (Msb;) one who grants refuge, or protects, or preserves. (AHeyth.) مِنْ ذٰلِكَ الأَمْرِ ↓ هُمْ جَارَةٌ They are protectors from that thing, is a phrase mentioned by Th, respecting which ISd says, I know not how this is, unless the sing. be supposed to be originally جَائِرٌ, so as to have a pl. of the measure فَعَلَةٌ [as جَارَةٌ is originally جَوَرَةٌ]. (TA.) b5: An aider, or assister. (IAar, Msb, K.) b6: A confederate. (IAar, Msb, K.) b7: A woman's husband. (Msb, K.) b8: A man's wife; (Msb;) as also ↓ جَارَةٌ: (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) or the latter, the object of his love: (M:) and the latter also, a woman's fellow-wife; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) so called because the term ضَرَّةٌ is disliked, (Mgh, Msb,) as being of evil omen. (Mgh.) b9: A partner who has not divided with his partner: so in the trad. الجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِصَقَبِهِ [explained in art. صقب]; as is shown by another trad. (Az, Msb.) b10: A partner, or sharer, (Msb, K,) in immoveable property, such as land and houses, (Msb, TA,) and in merchandise, (K, TA,) whether he divide the property with the other or not, (Msb,) or whether he be partner in the whole or only in part. (TA.) b11: One who divides with another. (IAar, K.) b12: (tropical:) The فرْج [or pudendum] of a woman: and (tropical:) The anus; as also ↓ جَارَةٌ. (IAar, K, TA.) b13: The part (IAar, K) of the sea-shore (IAar) that is near to the places where people have alighted and taken up their abode. (IAar, K.) جَوْرٌ, an inf. n. used as an epithet, (TA,) i. q. ↓ جَائِرٌ; (K, TA;) i. e. Declining, or deviating, from the right course: and acting wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically: (TA:) pl. [of the latter], applied to men, ↓ جَوَرَةٌ, (K,) in which the و remains unaltered contr. to rule, (TA,) and ↓ جَارَةٌ, (A, K,) as in all the copies of the K, but some substitute for it, as a correction, ↓ جُوَرَةٌ, [found in a copy of the A,] which, however, requires consideration, (TA,) and جَائِرُونَ. (K.) You say طَرِيقٌ جَوْرٌ A road, or way, deviating from the right course. (TA.) And هُوَ جَوْرٌ عَنْ طَرِيقِنَا He is declining, or deviating, from our way. (TA.) b2: Also, for ذُو جَوْر, meaning Wronged, or unjustly treated, by the judge. (Mgh from a trad.) b3: عِنْدَهُ مِنَ المَالِ الجَوْرُ (tropical:) He possesses, of property, an extraordinary abundance. (A, TA.) See also جِوَرٌّ.

جَارَةٌ: see جَارٌ, in three places: A2: and جَوْرٌ: A3: and see also 4.

جَوَرَةٌ and جُوَرَةٌ: see جَوْرٌ.

إِنَّهُ لَحَسَنُ الجِيرَةِ Verily he is good in respect of the mode, or manner, of جِوَار [i. e. living as a neighbour, or binding himself by covenant to protect others]. (TA.) جِوَرٌّ A rain accompanied by vehement thunder: (K:) or by a vehement sound of thunder: (S:) or a copious rain; as also جَأْرٌ and جُؤَرٌ; (K in art. جأر;) and, accord. to As, جُؤَارٌ: (TA:) and an exceedingly great torrent. (TA. [In this last sense written in a copy of the A ↓ جَوْرٌ, and there said to be tropical.]) See جَوَارٌ: and see also art. جر. b2: You say also بَازِلٌ جِوَرٌّ (S) [app. meaning A camel nine years old that brays loudly: or] hard and strong: and بَعِيرٌ جِوَرٌّ a bulky camel. (TA.) جَوَارٌ: see 3.

A2: Also The part of the exterior court or yard of a house that is coextensive with the house. (K, * TA.) A3: Abundant and deep water. (K.) Whence ↓ جِوَرٌّ applied to rain. (TA.) A4: Ships: a dial. var. of جَوَارٍ; on the authority of Sá'id, (K,) surnamed Abu-l-'Alà: (TA:) said in the K to be strange; but similar instances are well known. (MF.) جُوَارٌ: see 3, in two places. b2: Also, and ↓ جِوَارٌ, or the latter is only an inf. n., The covenant between two parties by which either is bound to protect the other. (TA.) جِوَارٌ: see what next precedes.

A2: [Also a pl. of جَارٌ.]

جَائِرٌ: see جَوْرٌ. b2: Also (tropical:) Wide and big; applied to a [bucket of the kind called] غَرْب: and so, with ة, applied to a [skin of the kind called]

قِرْبَة. (A, TA.) مُجَوَّرٌ [as meaning Thrown down, or overturned,] occurs in the following prov.: يَوْمٌ بِيَوْمِ الحَفَضِ المُجَوَّرِ [A day for a day of the household-goods (or, accord. to the TA, the hair-cloth tent) thrown down, or overturned]: applied in the case of rejoicing at a calamity befalling another: a man had an aged paternal uncle, and used continually to go into the latter's tent, or house, and throw down his household-goods, one upon another; and when he himself grew old, sons of a brother of his did to him as he had done to his paternal uncle; wherefore he said thus, meaning, this is for what I did to my paternal uncle. (K.) مُجَاوِرٌ: see 3, last sentence.