سفح

1 سَفَحَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. سَفْحٌ, (Msb,) [and app. سُفُوحٌ also, mentioned in what follows,] He poured out, or forth, water: (S, A:) and he shed blood, (S, A, Msb, K,) the blood of another; (S, A;) and tears; (Msb, K;) inf. n. as above, and سُفُوحٌ: (K:) or سَفَحَتِ العَيْنُ دَمْعَهَا [the eye shed its tears]. (A.) The saying, in a trad., فَقَتَلَ عَلَىرَأْسِ المَآءِ حَتَّى

سَفَحَ الدَّمُ المَآءَ has been explained as meaning [and he slew at the head of the water so that] the blood covered the water: but IAth says that this is not consistent with the language; for سَفْحٌ signifies the act of “ pouring out, or forth; ” and that the meaning may therefore be, that the blood made the water to pour forth; like as when, into a full vessel, something heavier than what is in it is poured; for in this case there comes forth from it as much as has been poured into it. (TA.) b2: سُفِحَ فِى الأَرضِ (assumed tropical:) [He was stretched, or extended, upon the ground], said of a camel. (K.) A2: The verb is also used intransitively; you say, سَفَحَ المَآءُ, (Msb,) and الدَّمْعُ, inf. n. سُفُوحٌ and سَفَحَانٌ (O, K) and سَفْحٌ, (K,) The water, (Msb,) and the tears, (O, K,) poured out, or forth. (O, Msb, K.) 2 سفّح, inf. n. تَسْفِيحٌ, (assumed tropical:) He did a deed that profited him not; (K;) likened to the arrow called السَّفِح. (TA.) 3 سَاْفَحَ [سافحهُ, inf. n. سِفَاحٌ, and perhaps مُسَافَحَةٌ also, He contended with him in the shedding of blood.] You say, بَيْنَهُمْ سِفَاحٌ Between them is a shedding of blood. (TA.) b2: And [hence,] بَيْنَهُمَا سِفَاحٌ (tropical:) Between them two is a contending in fight: or, in hocking [of camels] (مُعَاقَرَة). (A, TA.) b3: And سِفَاحٌ and مُسَافَحَةٌ also signify (tropical:) The committing fornication with another; (S, A, Msb, K;) لِأَنَّ المَآءَ يُصَبُّ ضَائِعًا; (Msb;) as also ↓ تَسَافُحٌ [which is said of more than one pair]. (K.) Yousay, سَافَحَهَا (tropical:) He committed fornication with her. (A, Msb.) And سَافَحَتْةُ (tropical:) She committed fornication with him: (L:) or she abode with him in the practice of fornication. (TA.) [In all the copies of the S that I have been able to consult, three in number, I find سَافَحَهُ.] And فِى النِكَاحِ غُنْيَةٌ عَنِ السِفَاحِ (tropical:) [In marriage is that which renders one in no need of fornication]. (A, Msb.) In the Time of Ignorance, when a man demanded a woman in marriage, he said, اِنْكِحِينِى; and when he desired fornication, he said, سَافِحِينِى. (TA.) 4 أَجْرَوْا إِسْفَاحًا (assumed tropical:) They made [horses] to run without a wager. (K.) [App., like 2, from السَّفِيحُ, the arrow thus called.]5 تَسَفَّحَ تسفّحaccord. to Freytag, signifies It was, or became, poured out, or forth: but he names no authority for this.]6 تسافحوا الدِمَآءَ [They mutually shed blood; lit., bloods]. (A.) b2: See also 3.

سَفْحٌ The base, foot, bottom, or lowest or lower part, (أَصْل, K, or أَسْفَل, S, A, K,) of a mountain, (S, A, K,) which is the part whereinto is poured (يُسْفَحُ) the water [from the parts above]; i. e. the part where the side thereof rests upon the ground: (S: [as also صَفْحٌ:]) or the [part called] عَرْض thereof, [see this word,] that rests its side upon the ground: or the حَضِيض [app. as meaning the low ground at, or by, the base, or foot,] thereof: (K:) or the spreading part thereof: (A: [there said to be in this sense tropical; but why, I see not:]) or the face thereof: (Msb:) or the lowest, or lower, part thereof, where it is rugged: (Ham p. 80:) pl. سُفُوحٌ. (K.) b2: [The pl.] سُفُوحٌ also signifies Rocks that are soft, or smooth, (K, TA,) and slippery. (TA.) سَفُوحٌ: see سَافِحٌ. You say جَفْنٌ سَفُوحٌ [An eyelid shedding copious tears]. (A.) سَفِيحٌ A sack; syn. جُوَالِقٌ: (K:) سَفِيحَانِ signifies a pair of sacks which are placed (S, L) upon a camel, (L,) like the خُرْج. (S, L.) b2: and A thick, or coarse, [garment of the kind called]

كِسَآء. (O, K.) b3: السَّفِيحُ [incorrectly written by Freytag سَفِيحة, as on the authority of the S,] is the name of An arrow used in the game called المَيْسِر, to which no portion pertains: (S, A, * K:) it is the fourth of the arrows to which the term غُفْل is applied, which have no notches, and to which is assigned no portion and no fine; these being added only to give additional weight to the collection of arrows from fear of occasioning suspicion [of foul play]: the first of them is called المُصَدَّرُ; the next, المُضَعَّفُ; the next, المَنِيحُ; and the next, السَّفِيحُ. (Lh, TA.) b4: See also مُسَافِحٌ.

سَفَّاحٌ A shedder of much blood. (A.) [Hence,] السَّفَّاحُ is the name of A sword of Homeyd Ibn-Bahdal. (K.) b2: [Hence also,] (assumed tropical:) A giver of many gifts; or one who gives much. (K.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) Chaste [or rather fluent or eloquent] in speech; syn. فَصِيحٌ: (K:) or possessing ability for speech. (S.) سَافِحٌ Pouring out, or forth; (O, L, Msb, K;) applied to water, (A, Msb,) [and blood,] and tears (دَمْعٌ): (O, L, K:) [accord. to some, unacquainted with the intrans. verb سَفَحَ, a possessive epithet, i. e.] meaning ذُو سَفْحٍ: (Ham p. 709:) syn. with ↓ سَفُوحٌ, [or rather this is an intensive epithet,] and ↓ مَسْفُوحٌ also is syn. with سَفُوحٌ; (TA;) or [rather] signifies poured out, or forth; (A, * L, Msb;) and is applied to water, (A, Msb,) and tears (دَمْعٌ). (L.) أَسْفَحُ (assumed tropical:) Bald in the fore part of the head; (K;) as also أَسْقَحُ (TA) [and أَصْقَحُ].

مَسْفَحٌ A place where water is poured out, or forth; and where blood, and tears, are shed: pl. مَسَافِحُ.] One says, لِلْوَادِى مَسَافِحُ The valley has places where it pours out, or forth. (A, TA.) مُسَفِحٌ (assumed tropical:) One who does a deed that profits him not. (K. [See 2.]) مَسْفُوحٌ: see سَافِحٌ. b2: [Hence,] applied to a camel, it means قَدْ سُفِحَ فِى الأَرْضِ وَمُدَّ (assumed tropical:) [Stretched, or extended, upon the ground; وَمُدَّ being an explicative adjunct]. (K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Wide. (K.) You say نَاقَةٌ مَسْفُوحَةُ الإِبْطِ (tropical:) A she-camel wide in the arm-pit. (A, K.) And جَمَلٌ مَسْفُوحُ الضُّلُوعِ (tropical:) A camel [wide i. e.] not contracted in the ribs. (A, TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Thick, coarse, or big. (K.) b5: You say also, إِنَّهُ لَمَسْفُوحُ العُنُقِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Verily he is long, and thick, coarse, or big, in the neck. (TA.) b6: And المَسْفُوحُ is the name of (assumed tropical:) A horse of Sakhr Ibn-'Amr Ibn-El-Hárith. (K.) مُسَافِحٌ (assumed tropical:) A fornicator. (TA.) And مُسَافِحَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A fornicatress; (TA;) a woman who does not abstain from fornication. (Aboo-Is-hák, TA.) اِبْنُ مُسَافِحَةٍ means (assumed tropical:) A son of a fornicatress; (TA;) and [in like manner] ↓ سَفِيحٌ a son who is the offspring of fornication. (Sgh, TA in art. عرض.)

سبخ

1 سَبِخَتِ الأَرْضُ, (JK, A, Msb,) aor. ـَ inf. n. سَبَخٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ اسبخت; (JK, A, Msb, K;) The land, or earth, exuded water and produced salt: (JK, K:) or was, or became, salt; had in it salt. (A, Msb.) And سَبِخَ المَكَانُ, inf. n. as above, The place produced salt, and was such that the feet sank in it. (TA.) A2: See also 2.

A3: سَبْخٌ, an inf. n. of which the verb is سَبَخَ, aor. ـُ (TK,) means also (assumed tropical:) The being in a state of sleep: (AA, S:) and ↓ تَسْبِيخٌ (assumed tropical:) The sleeping soundly: (S:) or both have this meaning: (K:) or the former signifies (assumed tropical:) the being in a state of rest, and easing the body by sleep: (IAar, L:) and ↓ the latter, (assumed tropical:) the sleeping every hour: (TA:) and the former signifies also (assumed tropical:) the being unoccupied, at leisure, or free from work or business; (AA, S, K;) and so ↓ the latter. (K.) In the Kur lxxiii. 7, some read سَبْخًا [instead of سَبْحًا, q. v.]; (S, K;) meaning (assumed tropical:) rest, and easing of the body by sleep; (IAar, L;) and said by Fr to be from تَسْبِيخٌ, in the first of the senses expl. in the next paragraph: (L:) or (assumed tropical:) freedom from occupation or work or business. (S.) Accord to Zj, السَّبْحُ and السَّبْخُ are nearly the same in meaning. (TA.) You say also سَبْخٌ مِنْ نَوْمٍ and مَشْىٍ and حَرٍّ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) A ceasing from sleeping and from walking or journeying and of heat]. (JK.) b2: And سَبَخْتُ النَّوْمَ, inf. n. سَبْخٌ, (assumed tropical:) [I slept long; or] I lengthened sleeping. (JK.) b3: And سَبَخْتُ فِى الأَرْضِ (assumed tropical:) I went, or travelled, far, in, or into, the land, or country; (JK, K, * TA;) like سَبَحْتُ. (TA.) 2 تَسْبِيخٌ [inf. n. of سبّخ] The separating, or plucking asunder, and loosening, of cotton, and making it [or spreading it out] wide. (Fr, L.) b2: And The winding of cotton and the like, (K, TA,) such as wool, and soft hair (وَبَر), after the separating and loosening, for a woman to spin it; (TA;) [as also سَبْخٌ, inf. n. of ↓ سَبَخَ; see سَبِيخٌ.]

b3: [Hence,] (tropical:) The act of lightening, or alleviating. (S, A, K.) It is related in a trad. that the Prophet said to 'Áïsheh, when she had cursed a thief, (S, A, TA,) who had stolen something from her, (S, A, TA,) who had stolen something from her, (S, TA,) لَا تُسَبِّخِى عَنْهُ بِدُعَائِكِ عَلَيْهِ, (S, A, * TA,) meaning (tropical:) Do not thou alleviate (S, A, TA) the merited punishment of his crime by thy cursing him. (S, * TA.) And a poet says, فَسَبِّخْ عَلَيْكَ الهَمَّ وَاعْلَمْ بِأَنَّهُ

إِذَا قَدَّرَ الرَّحْمٰنُ شَيْئًا فَكَائِنُ [Then alleviate thou the disquietude of thy mind; and know that, when the Compassionate decreeth a thing, it happeneth]. (S.) One says also, سَبَّخَ اللّٰهُ عَنْكَ الحُمَّى May God alleviate thy fever. (S.) And اَللّٰهُمَّ سَبِّخْ عَنَّا الأَذَى O God, remove from us, or alleviate to us, that which harms, or hurts. (TA.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) The act of stilling, quieting, rendering motionless, appeasing, tranquillizing, calming, allaying, assuaging, or quelling. (K.) A2: Also (assumed tropical:) The becoming [alleviated, or lightened,] still, quiet, motionless, appeased, tranquil, calm, allayed, assuaged, or quelled. (K, * TA.) One says of heat, (S, K,) and of anger, (TA,) سبّخ, (S, K,) inf. n. as above; and ↓ تسبّخ; (K;) (assumed tropical:) It became abated, or allayed, (S, K, TA,) and alleviated. (S.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) The ceasing of veins from the throbbing occasioned by pain therein. (IAar, L, K. *) b3: See also 1, in three places.3 سابخ expl. by Freytag as meaning He contended with another in swimming is a mistake for سابح.]4 اسبخ He reached salt earth in digging (S, K) a well. (TA.) b2: See also 1, first sentence.5 تَسَبَّخَ see 2, near the end of the paragraph.

سَبَخٌ is expl. by Freytag as applied in the Deewán of Jereer to A dense cloud that is seen suspended apart from other clouds.]

سَبِخٌ; and its fem., with ة: see سَبَخَةٌ, in three places.

سَبْخَةٌ: see the next paragraph, in three places.

سَبَخَةٌ and ↓ سَبْخَةٌ [A piece, or tract, of] land that exudes water and produces salt: (K:) pl. (of the former, S, or of the latter, Msb) سِبَاخٌ: (S, A, Msb, K:) ↓ أَرْضٌ سَبِخَةٌ [also] signifies as above; (JK;) or land containing سِبَاخ, (S, A,) i. e. [places that exude water and produce salt, or simply] salt; (A;) or salt land or earth, as also ↓ ارض سَبْخَةٌ, in which the latter word is a contraction of سَبِخَةٌ, and ارض سَبَخَةٌ also: (Msb:) and ↓ سَبِخٌ signifies a place producing salt, (Msb, * TA,) and in which the feet sink: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ سَبِخَةٌ is سَبِخَاتٌ. (Msb.) The Prophet said to Anas, on his mentioning El-Basrah, إِنْ مَرَرْتَ بِهَا وَدَخَلْتَهَا فَإِيَّاكَ وَسِبَاخَهَا, meaning [If thou pass by it and enter it, then beware thou of] its tracts of land overspread with saltness, that seldom, or never, give growth to anything but some trees, or shrubs. (L.) b2: Also, (K,) or the latter, i. e. ↓ سَبْخَةٌ, (JK,) A thing that overspreads water (JK, K, TA) in consequence of its having been long left, (TA,) resembling [the green substance called] طُحْلُب, (JK, K,) or such as طحلب and the like. (TA.) سَبِيخٌ Cotton, and wool, and soft hair (وَبَر), separated, or plucked asunder, and loosened; as also ↓ مُسَبَّخٌ: (TA:) [and ↓ سَبِيخَةٌ, in which the ة is added to convert the epithet into a subst., signifies a portion, i. e. a loose flock, thereof; and its pl. is سَبَائِخُ, whence] one says, طَارَتْ سَبَائِخُ القُطْنِ [The loose flocks of the cotton flew about]. (A.) b2: [Hence,] (tropical:) Feathers (رِيش) that fall off (S, A, K) and become scattered: (K:) as also ↓ مُسَبَّخٌ: (TA:) the pl. of the former (K, TA) [used as a subst.], in this and in the following senses, (TA,) [or rather of ↓ سَبِيخَةٌ as a n. un. thus used,] is سَبَائِخُ. (K, TA.) One says, وَرَدْتُ مَآءً حَوْلَهُ سَبِيخُ الطَّيْرِ, and ↓ سَبَائِخُهُ, i. e. (tropical:) [I came to water around which were] the feathers that had fallen off [and become scattered] of birds. (A.) b3: Also Cotton made wide for a medicament to be put upon it (K, TA) and for it to be applied upon a wound: (TA:) and ↓ سَبِيخَةُ signifies a portion of cotton thus prepared for this purpose. (JK, K. *) b4: And Cotton, (S, K,) and wool, and soft hair (وَبَر), (S,) wound, after the separating and loosening, (S, K, in the former بَعْدَ النَّدْفِ ↓ يُسْبَخُ i. e. يُلَفُّ,) to be spun (S, K) by a woman: (S:) and ↓ سَبِيخَةٌ signifies a portion thereof. (S.) سَبِيخَةٌ; and its pl., سَبَائِخُ: see the next preceding paragraph, in five places.

مُسَبَّخٌ: see سَبِيخٌ, in two places.

عق

1 عَقَّ, (Msb, K, TA,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. عَقٌّ, (Mgh, O, Msb, TA,) He clave, split, slit, ripped, or rent; (Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA;) and he cut. (Mgh, O, TA.) You say, عَقَّ ثَوْبَهُ He slit, ripped, or rent, his garment. (Msb.) and عُقَّتْ تَمِيمَتُهُ فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ [His amulet was cut off among the sons of such a one]; said of a boy when he has attained to the prime of manhood, and become strong, with a tribe; originating from the fact that as long as the boy was an infant, his mother hung upon him amulets to preserve him from the evil eye; and when he became full-grown, they were cut off from him: whence the saying of a poet, بِلَادٌ بِهَا عَقَّ الشَّبَابُ تَمِيمَتِى

وَأَوَّلُ أَرْضٍ مَسَّ جِلْدِى تُرَابُهَا [A country in which the attaining to the prime of manhood cut off my amulet, and the first land of which the dust touched my skin]. (TA.) b2: and [hence,] عَقَّتِ الرِّيحُ المُزْنَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, The wind drew forth a shower of fine rain from the مزن [or clouds containing water]; as though it rent them. (TA.) And عُقَّتِ السَّحَابَةُ The cloud poured forth its water; [as though it were rent;] and ↓ اِنْعَقَّت [means the same]; (TA;) and ↓ اعتقّت [likewise]. (O.) b3: and عَقَّ عَنْ وَلَدِهِ, (S, Msb,) or عَنِ المَوْلُودِ, (K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb, TA) and عَقِّ, (TA,) inf. n. عَقٌّ, (S, Msb,) He slaughtered as a sacrifice (S, Msb, K, TA) for his child, (S, Msb,) or for the new-born child, (K,) a sheep or goat, (T, Msb, TA,) [generally the latter,] on the seventh day after the birth. (T, S, Msb, TA.) And He shaved the [hair termed] عَقِيقَة [q. v.] (S, TA) of his child, (S,) or of the new-born child. (TA.) b4: And عَقَّ بِالسَّهْمِ He shot the arrow towards the sky; and that arrow was called عَقِيقَةٌ; (S, O, K;) and it was the arrow of self-excuse: they used to do thus in the Time of Ignorance [on the occasion of a demand for blood-revenge]; and if the arrow returned smeared with blood, they were not content save with the retaliation of slaughter; but if it returned clean, they stroked their beards, and made reconciliation on the condition of the bloodwit; the stroking of the beards being a sign of reconciliation: the arrow, however, as IAar says, did not [ever] return otherwise than clean: (S, O:) the origin was this: a man of the tribe was slain, and the slayer was prosecuted for his blood; whereupon a company of the chief men [of the family of the slayer] collected themselves together to the heirs [who claimed satisfaction for the blood] of the slain, and offered the bloodwit, asking forgiveness for the blood; and if the heir [who claimed satisfaction and who acted for himself and his coheirs] was a strong man, impatient of injury, he refused to take the bloodwit; but if weak, he consulted the people of his tribe, and then said to the petitioners, “We have, between us and our Creator, a sign denoting command and prohibition: we take an arrow, and set it on a bow, and shoot it towards the sky; and if it return to us smeared with blood, we are forbidden to take the bloodwit, and are not content save with the retaliation of slaughter; but if it return clean, as it went up, we are commanded to take the bloodwit: ” so they made reconciliation; for this arrow never returned otherwise than clean; and thus they had an excuse in the opinion of the ignorant of them. (L, TA.) A poet (S, O, TA) of the family of the slain, said by some to be of Hudheyl, by IB to be El-As'ar El-Joafee, who was absent from this reconciliation, (TA,) says, عَقُّوا بِسَهْمٍ ثُمَّ قَالُوا صَالِحُوا يَا لَيْتَنِى فِى القَوْمِ إِذْ مَسَحُوا الِلُّحَى

[They shot an arrow towards the sky; them they said, “Make ye reconciliation: ” would that I were among the party when they stroked the beards]: (S, O, TA:) or, as some relate it, the first word is عَقَّوْا, with fet-h to the ق; which belongs to the class of unsound verbs [i. e. to art. عقى]. (S, O.) b5: One says also, عَقَّ وَالِدَهُ, (S, O, K,) or أَبَاهُ, (Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. عُقُوقٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and مَعَقَّةٌ (S, O, K) and عَقٌّ, (TA,) He was undutiful, disobedient, refractory, or ill-mannered, to his parent, or father; contr. of بَرَّهُ; (K;) he broke his compact of obedience to his parent, or father; (TA;) he disobeyed his father; and failed, or neglected, to behave to him in a good, or comely, manner. (Msb.) And عَقَّ الرَّحِمَ, (TA, and Ham p. 93,) like قَطَعَهَا [i. e. He severed the tie, or ties, of relationship, by unkind behaviour to his kindred]. (Ham ib.) and عَقَّ [alone], aor. ـُ inf. n. عُقُوقٌ, [He was undutiful, &c.; or he acted undutifully, &c.; or] he contravened, or opposed, him whom he was under an obligation to obey. (Har p. 158.) عُقُوقُ الوَالِدَيْنِ [Undutiful treatment, &c., of the two parents] is said in a trad. to be one of the great sins. (O.) And it is said in a prov., العُقُوقُ

أَحَدُ الثُّكْلَيْنِ [Undutiful treatment of a parent is one of the two sorts of being bereft of a child]: or, as some relate it, العُقُوقُ ثُكْلُ مَنْ لَمْ يَثْكَلْ [Undutiful treatment of a parent is (like) the bereavement of him who is not (really) bereft of his child]: i. e. he whom his children have treated undutifully (مِنْ عَقَّهُ وَلَدُهُ) is as though he were bereft of his children although they are living. (O.) [See also 3: and 4.] b6: Hence, from عُقُوقُ الوَالِدَيْنِ, the verb is metaphorically used in the saying, in a trad., مَثَلُكُمْ وَمَثَلُ عَائِشَةَ مَثَلُ العَيْنِ فِى الرَّأْسِ تُؤْذِى صَاحِبَهَا وَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَعُقَّهَا إِلَّا بِالَّذِى هُوَ خَيْرٌ لَهَا (tropical:) [The similitude of you and of 'Áïsheh is that of the eye in the head, when it hurts its owner, and he cannot treat it severely save with that which is good for it: app. meaning that her severity was for the good of the objects thereof]. (TA.) A2: عَقَّ, intrans., said of lightning: see 7.

A3: عَقَّتْ said of a mare, and of an ass: see 4.

A4: عَقَّتِ الدَّلْوُ, inf. n. عَقُّ, means The bucket came up full from the well; and some of the Arabs say عَقَّت as having تَعْقِيَةٌ for its inf. n.; but it is [said to be] originally ↓ عَقَّقَت, the third ق being changed into ى, [which is then in this case suppressed,] like as they said تَظَنَّيْتُ from الظَّنُّ: [it is, however, mentioned in the TA in art. عقو also, and there expl. as meaning it rose in the well turning round: and from what here follows, it appears to mean it rose swiftly, cleaving the air:] a poet, cited by IAar, says, of a bucket, عَقَّتْ كَمَا عَقَّتْ دَلُوفُ العِقْبَانٌ meaning It clave [the air of] the well, rising swiftly, like the hastening of the swift eagle in its flight towards the prey. (TA in the present art.) 2 عَقَّّ see above, last sentence.3 عَاقَقْتُ فُلَانًا, aor. ـَ inf. n. عِقَاقٌ, I contravened, or opposed, such a one. (TA.) [See also عَقَّ وَالِدَهُ, in the latter half of the first paragraph.]4 اعقّ فُلَانٌ i. q. جَآءَ بِالعُقُوقِ [i. e. Such a one did that which was an act of undutifulness, disobedience, refractoriness, or ill manners, to his father or the like]. (S, TA.) [See also عَقَّ وَالِدَهُ, in the latter half of the first paragraph.] b2: and you say, مَا أَعَقَّهُ لِوَالِدِهِ [How undutiful, disobedient, refractory, or ill-mannered, is he to his father!]. (TA.) A2: اعقّت She (a mare, S, O, K, and an ass, TA) conceived, or became pregnant; (S, O, K;) or she did not conceive, or become pregnant, after having been covered by the stallion, or during a year or two years or some years; (K;) and ↓ عَقَّتْ, aor. ـِ (O, K, TA,) the verb being of the class of ضَرَبَ, (TA,) inf. n. عَقَاقٌ and عَقَقٌ (O, K, TA) and عُقُوقٌ, (CK, but not in other copies,) signifies the same, (O, * K, TA,) said of a mare, (O, K,) and of an ass; (O;) or عَقَاقٌ signifies pregnancy itself, as also عِقَاقٌ, (K,) and عَقَقٌ; (S, O;) or عَقَّتْ signifies she became pregnant; and اعقّت, the [hair called] عَقِيقَة grew in her belly upon the young one that she bore. (TA.) b2: Also It (a palm-tree, and a grape-vine) put forth what are termed عِقَّان [q. v.]. (S, O, K.) A3: اعقّهُ He made it bitter; (S, O, K;) namely, water; said of God; like اقعّهُ. (S, O.) and اعقّت الأَرْضُ المَآءَ The earth made the water bitter. (TA.) 7 انعقّ It became cloven, split, slit, ripped, or rent; or it clave, split, &c.; said of anything; (S, O, K, TA;) mentioned by Th as said of a garment. (TA.) b2: انعقّت السَّحَابَهُ The cloud became rent with the water. (S, O, K.) See also 1, first quarter. [And see 8.] b3: انعقّ البَرْقُ and ↓ عَقَّ [of which latter the aor. is probably يَعَقُّ, and the inf. n. عَقَقٌ, said in the K to mean اِنْشِقَاقٌ,] signify تَشَقَّقَ and اِنْشَقَّ [as though meaning The lightning became cloven]; (TA;) [but] the former is expl. as signifying the lightning was, or became, in a state of commotion (تَضَرَّبَ) in the clouds. (S, O.) [Another meaning is suggested by an explanation of عَقِيقَةٌ (q. v.) in relation to lightning.] b4: انعقّ الغُبَارُ i. q. سَطَعَ [app. as meaning The dust spread, or diffused itself]: (IF, O, K:) or اِنْشَقَّ وَسَطَعَ [became cleft, and diffused itself]. (TA.) b5: انعقّ الوَادِى The valley was, or became, deep. (TA.) A2: انعقّت العُقْدَةُ The knot became strongly, or firmly, tied. (O, * K, * TA.) 8 اعتقّ السَّحَابُ The clouds became rent, (K, TA,) and their water poured forth. (TA.) See also 1, first quarter. [And see 7.]

A2: اعتقّ السَّيْفَ He drew the sword (O, K) from its scabbard. (O.) A3: And اعتقّ [probably from عَقَّ بِالسَّهْمِ, q. v.,] He exceeded the due bounds, or was immoderate, in excusing himself. (TA.) R. Q. 1 عَقْعَقَ بِصَوْتِهِ, (O, TA,) inf. n. عَقْعَقَةٌ, (S, O,) said of the عَقْعَق [or magpie], It uttered a [kind of chattering] cry, (S, * O, TA,) resembling the sound of ع and ق [or the repeated sound of عَقْ]; (O, TA;) whence its name: and said of a bird [that utters a cry of this kind] when it comes and goes. (TA.) b2: And عَقْعَقَةٌ signifies also The shaking, or being in a state of commotion, [so as to produce a kind of crackling, or rustling, sound,] of paper, and of a new garment; like قَعْقَعَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) عَقٌّ Any cleft, or furrow, and any hole, in sand &c. (S, TA.) See also عَقَّةٌ.

A2: Also i. q. عَاقٌّ, q. v. (O, K.) A3: مَآءٌ عَقٌّ: see عُقٌّ.

مَآءٌ عُقٌّ, with damm, (K, TA,) or ↓ عَقٌّ, (thus written in my copies of the S and in the O,) and ↓ عُقَاقٌ, (O, K, TA,) Bitter water: (S, O, K:) or intensely bitter water: used alike as sing. and pl.: (TA:) like قُعٌّ, (TA,) or قَعٌّ, (S, O,) and قُعَاعٌ. (O, TA.) عِقٌّ: see what next follows.

عَقَّةٌ A deep excavation, hollow, cavity, trench, or the like, in the ground; (K, TA;) as also ↓ عِقٌّ, accord. to the K, there said to be with kesr, but correctly ↓ عَقٌّ, with fet-h, [q. v.,] which signifies an elongated excavation in the ground, and is originally an inf. n.; thus in the L. (TA.) b2: And A blaze of lightning extending in an elongated form in the sky, (IDrd, O, K,) or in the side of the clouds, (A, TA,) and said to be as though it were a drawn sword. (TA.) [See also عَقِيقَةٌ.]

عُقَّةٌ A certain thing with which boys play. (L, K, TA.) عِقَّةٌ: see عَقِيقَةٌ, in the former half.

عَقَقٌ: see عَقَاقٌ. b2: It is said in the K to be syn. with عَاقٌّ; but in this sense the correct word is عُقَقٌ. (TA.) عُقَقٌ: see عُقِيقَةٌ, latter half: A2: and see also عَاقٌّ, in two places.

عُقُقٌ, as a sing. and as a pl.: see عَاقٌّ.

عَقَاقٌ is an inf. n. of عَقَّتْ said of a mare (O, K) and of an ass: (O:) or it signifies Pregnancy (AA, S, K) itself; (K;) as also ↓ عِقَاقٌ, (K,) and ↓ عَقَقٌ [which is likewise said to be an inf. n. of عَقَّتْ]. (S.) You say, أَظْهَرَتِ الأَتَانُ عَقَاقًا The she-ass manifested pregnancy. (AA, S, O.) b2: And, accord. to Esh-Shafi'ee, An embryo; or a fœtus. (TA.) A2: عَقَاقِ, like قَطَامِ, [indecl.,] is a [proper] name for العُقُوقُ [Undutifulness, disobedience, refractoriness, or ill manners, to a parent, or the like]: (K, TA:) mentioned by IB, and in the O. (TA.) عُقَاقٌ, applied to water: see عُقٌّ.

عِقَاقٌ: see عَقَاقٌ.

عَقُوقٌ, applied to a mare, (S, O, K, TA,) and to an ass, (TA,) Pregnant: (S, O, K:) or not pregnant after having been covered by the stallion, or during a year or two years or some years; (K;) or it signifies thus also; (O;) having two contr. meanings; (K;) or it is applied to one in the latter state as implying a presage of good; (O, K;) so says AHát; (O, TA;) i. e., as though they meant that she would become pregnant: (TA:) it is extr.; [as being from أَعَقَّتْ;] and one should not say ↓ مُعِقٌّ; or this is a bad dial. var.; (S, O, K;) or, accord. to AA, it is from اعقّت, and عَقُوقٌ is from عَقَّتْ: (TA:) the pl. is عُقُقٌ, and عِقَاقٌ is a pl. pl., (S, O, K,) i. e. pl. of عُقُقٌ. (S, O.) It is said in a prov., طَلَبَ الأَبْلَقَ العَقُوقَ, meaning He sought an impossible thing; because ابلق is applied to a male, and عقوق means pregnant: (S, O, and K in art. بلق) or الابلق العقوق means the dawn, because it breaks, lit, cleaves. (O, and K in art. بلق.) b2: نَوَى

العَقُوقِ means Date-stones that are easily broken, (Lth, S, O, K,) soft to be chewed; (Lth, O, K;) which are given as provender to camels, (S,) or to the pregnant thereof, in consideration of her state, wherefore they are thus called; and which are eaten, or chewed, by the old woman; but this is of the speech of the people of El Basrah, and not known by the Arabs in their desert: (Lth, O:) and sometimes they called a single date-stone of this sort ↓ عَقِيقَةٌ. (S.) A2: See also عَاقٌّ.

عَقِيقٌ Cleft, split, slit, ripped, or rent; and cut; as also ↓ مَعْقُوقٌ. (TA.) b2: And [hence] Any channel which the water of a torrent has cloven (S, O, Msb, * K) of old (Msb) and made wide: (S, O:) and a valley: (O, K:) pl. أَعِقَّةٌ (S, O, Msb, K, TA) and عَقَائِقُ. (TA.) And عَقَائِقُ signifies also Pools of water in cleft furrows: (AHn, TA:) and some say, red sands. (TA.) b3: See also عَقِيقَةٌ, in two places.

A2: Also [Carnelian;] a species of فُصُوص [or stones that are set in rings]; (S;) a sort of stone, (Msb,) or red خَرَز [meaning precious stones], (O, K,) of which فُصُوص are made; (O, Msb;) existing in ElYemen, (K, TA,) near to Esh-Shihr, said by Et-Teefáshee to be brought from mines thereof at San'à, (TA,) and on the shores of the Sea of Roomeeyeh; one kind thereof is of a turbid appearance, like water running from salted flesh-meat, and having in it faint white lines, (K, TA,) and this, Et-Teefáshee says, is what is known by the appellation الرطبى [so in my original]; the best kind is the red; then, the yellow; then, the white; and the other kinds are bad: or, as some say, the streaked (المُشَطَّب) is the best: (TA:) [I omit some absurd assertions in the K and TA respecting various virtues supposed to be possessed by this stone:] the n. un. is with ة: and the pl. is عَقَائِقُ. (O, K.) [العَقِيقُ اليَمَانِىُّ is an appel-lation applied by some to The agate.]

عَقِيقَةٌ [a subst. from عَقِيقٌ, made so by the affix ة. Hence, because cleft, or furrowed, in the earth,] A river, or rivulet. (IAar, O, K.) b2: And A fillet, or bandage, (عِصَابَةٌ,) at the time of its being rent from a garment, or piece of cloth. (IAar, O, K.) b3: And The prepuce of a boy (AO, IAar, O, K) when he is circumcised. (TA.) b4: And [app. because made of cut pieces of skin,] A [leathern water-bag such as is commonly called]

مَزَادَة. (IAar, O, K.) b5: Also The wool of a جَذَع [or sheep in or before its second year]: (S, O, K, TA:) that of a ثَنِىّ [or sheep in its third year] is called جَنِيبَةٌ: (TA:) and the hair of a young one recently born, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) that comes forth upon his head in his mother's belly, (TA,) of human beings, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) because it is cut off on his seventh day, (Mgh,) and of others, (Msb,) [i. e.] of beasts likewise; (S, O, K, TA;) as also ↓ عَقِيقٌ and ↓ عِقَّةٌ; (S, O, Msb, K;) but A 'Obeyd says that he had not heard this last except in relation to human beings and asses: (S, O, K: *) its pl. (i. e. the pl. of عِقَّةٌ) is عِقَقٌ: (O, K:) [the pl. of عَقِيقَةٌ and عَقِيقٌ is عَقَائِقُ: a law of the Sunneh requires that the عَقِيقَة of an infant should be weighed, and its weight in silver be given to the poor: (and Herodotus, in ii. 65, mentions a similar custom as obtaining among the Ancient Egyptians:)] when the hair has once fallen from the young [by its being cut], the term عَقِيقَةٌ ceases to be applied to it: so says Lth: (O, TA:) but it occurs in a trad. applied to hair as being likened to the hair of a recently-born infant. (TA.) b6: Hence, (S, O,) it is applied also to The sheep, or goat, [generally the latter,] that is slaughtered (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) as a sacrifice for the recentlyborn infant (S, Mgh, Msb) on the occasion of the shaving of the infant's hair (O, K) on the seventh day after his birth, (S, Msb,) and of which the limbs are divided, and cooked with water and salt, and given as food to the poor: (Lth, TA:) Z holds it to be thus called from the same word as applied to the hair: but it is said [by some] to be so called because it is slaughtered by cutting the windpipe and gullet and the two external jugular veins: (TA:) the Prophet disallowed this appellation, (Mgh, Msb,) as being of evil omen, (Mgh,) or as though he saw them to regard it as of evil omen, (Msb,) and desired them to use نَسِيكَةٌ in its stead; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) saying I like not العُقُوق. (TA.) b7: عَقِيقَةُ البَرْقِ signifies What remains [for an instant] in the clouds, of the rays, or beams, of lightning; (Lth, O, K;) as also ↓ العُقَقُ; (K;) which, as well as العَقِيقَةُ, is also expl. as meaning lightning which one sees in the midst of the clouds, resembling a drawn sword: (TA:) or عَقِيقَةُ البَرْقِ signifies lightning in a state of commotion in the clouds: (S, O:) or lightning extending in an elongated form in the side, or breadth, of the clouds: (TA:) or lightning that cleaves the clouds, and extends high, into the midst of the sky, without going to the right and left: (S in art. خفو:) or, as expl. by Aboo-Sa'eed, a flash of lightning that has spread in the horizon: (O, voce شَقِيقَةٌ:) a sword is likened thereto: (S, O, K:) and [the pl.] عَقَائِقُ is a name for swords: (O, K:) ↓ عَقِيقٌ, also, signifies lightning. (TA.) b8: And عَقِيقَةٌ signifies also An arrow shot towards the sky; (S, O, K;) the arrow of self-excuse; which was used in the manner described in the explanation of the phrase عَقَّ بِالسَّهْمِ [q. v.]. (S, O.) b9: See also عَقُوقٌ, last signification.

سَحَابَةٌ عَقَّاقَةٌ A cloud pouring forth its water: (TA:) or a cloud much rent by water. (T, TA voce هَيْدَبٌ.) عِقَّانٌ Shoots that come forth from the أُصُول [meaning trunks, or stems,] of palm-trees and of grape-vines; (S, O, K;) and which, if not cut off, cause the اصول to become vitiated, or unsound. (S, O.) [See also صُنْبُورٌ: and see عَوَاقٌّ, below.]

عَقْعَقٌ [The magpie, corvus pica; so called in the present day;] a certain bird, (S, O, Msb, K,) well known, (S, O,) of the size of the pigeon, (Msb,) party-coloured, black and white, (O, Msb, K,) having a long tail, (O, Msb,) said by Is-hák El-Mowsilee to be the same that is called شَجَجَى, (Th, IB, TA,) a species of crow, (IAth, Msb, TA,) wherefore it is said in a trad. that the man in the state of إِحْرَام may kill it; (IAth, TA;) its cry resembles the sound of ع and ق [or the repeated sound of عَقْ]; (O, K;) and the Arabs regard it as an evil omen. (Msb.) [See also صُرَدٌ.]

عَاقٌّ Undutiful, disobedient, refractory, or illmannered, to his parent, or father; (S, * O, * K;) breaking, or one who breaks, his compact of obedience to his parent, or father; (TA;) disobeying, or disobedient to, his father; and failing, or neglecting, to behave to him in a good, or comely, manner; (Msb;) [and severing, or one who severs, the tie, or ties, of relationship, by unkind behaviour to his kindred; (see its verb;)] and ↓ عَقٌّ signifies the same; (O, K;) as also ↓ عُقَقٌ, (S, O, TA,) but in an intensive sense, altered from عَاقٌّ, like غُدَر and فُسَق from غَادِر and فَاسِق, in the K erroneously said to be عَقَقٌ; (TA;) and ↓ عُقُقٌ; (L, and TA as from the K, but not in my MS. copy of the K nor in the CK;) which last signifies also [as a pl.] men severing, or who sever, the ties of relationship, by unkind behaviour to their kindred; and also remote, or distant, enemies: (TA:) [and ↓ عَقُوقٌ is app. used (as Freytag asserts it to be) in the sense of عَاقٌّ in the Fákihet el-Khulatà, p. 55, 1. 7 from the bottom:] the pl. of عَاقٌّ is عَقَقَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) like كَفَرَةٌ, (S,) and عُقَّقٌ, like رُكَّعٌ, a form used by Ru-beh, (O,) and أَعِقَّةٌ, which is an extr. [meaning anomalous] pl. (Ham p. 93.) ↓ ذُقٌ عُقَقُ, (S, O,) in a trad., (S,) said by Aboo-Sufyán to Hamzeh on the day of Ohod, when he passed by him slain, (S, * O,) means ذُقٌ جَزَآءَ فِعْلِكَ [Taste thou the recompense of thy deed], (S,) or ذُقِ القَتْلَ [taste thou slaughter], (O,) يَا عَاقُّ [O undutiful, &c.; or, accord. to the explanation in the TA mentioned above, عُقَقُ, for يَا عُقَقُ, means O very undutiful, &c.]. (S, O.) عَوَاقُّ النَّخْلِ The shoots, or offsets, of the palmtrees, that grow forth therewith. (O, K.) [See also عِقَّانٌ.]

أَعَقُّ مِنْ ضَبٍّ [More undutiful, &c., to kindred, than a lizard of the species called ضبّ] is a prov. [mentioned, but not expl., in the O]: IAar says, the female [of the ضبّ] is meant; and its عُقُوق consists in its eating its young ones. (TA.) [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 152-3. And see an ex. of أَعَقُّ in a verse cited in art. زهد, conj. 2.]

مُعِقٌّ: see عَقُوقٌ.

مَعْقُوقٌ: see عَقِيقٌ, first sentence.

عصو

1 عَصَاهُ, (K, TA,) aor. ـْ (TA,) inf. n. عَصْوٌ, (TK,) He struck him, or beat him, with the staff or stick or rod (بِالعَصَا): (K, TA:) or عَصَوْتُهُ بِالعَصَا I struck him, or beat him, with the staff &c. (S.) b2: And عَصِىَ بِهَا He took it, i. e. the staff &c.: and عَصِىَ بِسَيْفِهِ he took his sword as one takes the staff: or he struck, or beat, with it as one does with the staff; as also عَصَا, aor. ـُ inf. n. عَصًا: or you say عَصَوْتُ بِالسَّيْفِ and عَصِيتُ بِالعَصَا [in the CK عَصَيْتُ]: or the reverse of this: or each of these verbs followed by بالسيف and بالعصا: (K, TA:) all these phrases are mentioned by the leading lexicologists and by ISd in the M: (TA:) or you say عَصِىَ بِالسَّيْفِ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَصًا, meaning he struck with the sword. (S.) [See also 5.] b3: عَاصَانِى فَعَصَوْتُهُ: see 3. b4: [See also 2.]

A2: عَصَوْتُ القَوْمَ, (K, TA,) aor. ـْ (TA,) I collected together the people, or party, for good or for evil. (K, TA.) [This seems to be regarded by some as the primary signification; (see عَصًا;) but, I think, without good reason.] b2: And عَصَوْتُ الجُرْحَ, (S, K,) inf. n. عَصْوٌ, I bound the wound. (S, K.) A3: عَصَا, inf. n. عَصْوٌ, also signifies It was, or became, hard: as though for عَسَا; the س being changed into ص. (TA.) A4: And عَصَا, aor. ـْ said of a bird, It flew. (TA.) 2 عصّاهُ العَصَا, inf. n. تَعْصِيَةٌ, He gave him the عصا [or staff, &c.]. (K. [Accord. to Golius, عَصَاهُ; evidently a mistake, for عصّاه is not mentioned by him.]) 3 عَاْصَوَ ↓ عَاصَانِى فَعَصَوْتُهُ He contended with me in striking, or beating, (K, TA,) or, as in the M, he acted roughly towards me, and opposed me, or contended with me, (TA,) with the عَصَا [or staff, &c.], and I overcame him [therein]. (K, TA.) 4 اعصى It (a grape-vine) put forth its عِيدَان (S, K, TA) or عُصِىّ CCC [i. e. rods]. (TA.) 5 تعصّى He struck, or beat, with the عَصَا [or staff, &c.]. (Mgh.) And تعصّى بِالعَصَا He made use of the عصا [or staff, &c.]: and he struck, or beat, with it. (Mgh.) 8 اعتصى عَلَى العَصَا He leaned, or he supported, or stayed, himself, upon the عَصَا [or staff, &c.]. (S, Mgh.) b2: And يَعْتَصِى بِالسَّيْفِ He makes use of the sword as a staff. (S, and TA in this art. and in art. عصى.) b3: And اعتصى الشَّجَرَةَ He cut a staff, or stick, or rod, (عَصًا,) from the tree. (K.) عَصًا i. q. عُودٌ [as meaning A staff, or stick, or rod]: (K:) originally عَصَوٌ, and accordingly its dual is as below: said to be thus called because the fingers and hand are put together upon it [to grasp it], from the saying عَصَوْتُ القَوْمَ “ I collected together the people, or party; ” as related by As from some one or more of the Basrees: (TA:) of the fem. gender: (S, Msb, K:) it is said in a prov., ↓ العَصَا مِنَ العُصَيَّةِ [lit. The staff is from the little staff; the dim. having the affix ة because it is the dim. of a fem. n.]; (S;) [or]

العَصَا in this prov. is the name of a mare of Jedheemeh [mentioned voce ضُلٌّ], and العُصَيَّة is that of her dam; meaning that part of the thing, or affair, is from part; (S, K, TA;) and said when one is likened to his father; or meaning that the big thing is in its commencement small: (TA: [see also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 17:]) it is not allowable to say عَصَآء; nor to affix ة: (As, TA:) one says, هٰذِهِ عَصَاىَ أَتَوَكَّأُ عَلَيْهَا [This is my staff; I support, or stay, myself upon it]: Fr says that the first incorrect speech heard in El-'Irák was the saying, هٰذِهِ عَصَاتِى: (S:) the dual is عَصَوَانِ: (S, Msb:) and the pl. [of mult.] is عُصِىٌّ, (S, Msb, K,) [originally عُصُووٌ,] of the measure فُعُولٌ, (S, Msb,) and عِصِىٌّ, (S, K,) in which the ع is with kesr because of the kesrah following it, and [of pauc.] أَعْصٍ (S, Msb, K) and أَعْصَآءٌ, (K,) or this last is agreeable with analogy, but has not been transmitted, (ISk, Msb,) and is disallowed by Sb, who says that عُصِىٌّ CCC was used in its stead. (TA.) b2: [Hence various sayings, here following. b3: ] أَلْقَى عَصَاهُ [lit. He threw down his staff;] meaning (tropical:) he stayed, (S, Msb, K, TA,) and rested, (Msb,) and ceased from journeys, (S,) having reached his place: (K, TA:) a prov.; (S, TA;) applied to him to whom an affair has become suitable and who has therefore kept to it: (TA:) or he made firm his tent-pegs, and pitched his tent, or stayed; (K, TA;) like him who has returned from his journey. (TA.) And رَفَعَ عَصَاهُ [He took up his staff] means (assumed tropical:) he ceased from staying [in a place at which he had alighted; he departed]. (Har p. 454.) b4: لَا تَرْفَعْ عَصَاكَ عَنْ أَهْلِكَ [Put not thou away thy staff, or stick, from thy family, or thy wife,] denotes [the practice of] discipline. (S. [See art. رفع, p. 1122, col. 3.]) b5: هُمْ عَبِيدُ العَصَا [They are the slaves of the staff] means (assumed tropical:) they are [persons] beaten with the staff. (K, TA.) It is said in the A, النَّاسُ عَبِيدُ العَصَا [Mankind are the slaves of the staff], meaning that they are dreaded by reason of their doing harm [and are therefore to be kept in awe]. (TA.) b6: And مَا هُمْ إِلَّا عَبِيدُ العَصَا [They are none other than the slaves of the staff] is said of persons regarded as low, base, or vile. (TA.) b7: إِنَّهُ لَيِّنُ العَصَا [Verily he is one whose staff is supple] means (tropical:) he is gentle, a good manager of that whereof he has the charge: (S, K: *) accord. to ISd, alluding to the beating little with the عصا. (TA.) And إِنَّهُ ضَعِيفُ العَصَا [Verily he is one whose staff is weak], meaning تِرْعِيَّةٌ [i. e., (assumed tropical:) one who performs well the act of keeping or tending, or of pasturing or feeding, camels]: (S:) or one who beats the camels little (K, TA) with the عَصا: and such is commended. (TA.) And صَلِيبُ العَصَا and صُلْبُهَا [One whose staff is hard], i. e. (assumed tropical:) one who is ungentle with the camels, beating them with the عصا: and such is discommended. (TA.) See an ex. in a verse of Er-Rá'ee cited voce صُلْبٌ. b8: قَرَعَهُ بِعَصَا المَلَامَةِ [He struck him with the staff of censure] means (assumed tropical:) he exceeded the usual bounds in censuring him. (TA.) b9: See also 1 in art. قرع. b10: فُلَانٌ يُصَلِّى عَصَا فُلَانٍ [Such a one straightens the staff of such a one by turning it round over the fire] means (assumed tropical:) such a one manages, orders, or regulates, the affairs of such a one. (TA.) b11: لَا تَدْخُلْ بَيْنَ العَصَا وَلِحَائِهَا [Enter not thou between the staff and its peel] means [(assumed tropical:) intermeddle not thou between two close friends; (see Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 153;) or] enter not thou into that which does not concern thee. (TA.) and قَشَرْتُ لَهُ العَصَا [I peeled for him the staff] means (assumed tropical:) I discovered to him what was in my mind. (TA.) b12: شَقُّ العَصَا [lit. The splitting of the staff] means (assumed tropical:) the contravening of the collective body [or the community] of El-Islám [i. e. of the Muslims]: (K, TA:) and also (assumed tropical:) the disuniting of the collective body of the tribe: (TA:) or شَقَّ العَصَا means (tropical:) He separated himself from, and he contravened, the collective body [or the community]: (Msb:) and [it is said that] the primary signification of العَصَا is the state of combination and union: (TA:) this is the meaning in the saying, respecting the خَوَارِج [see خارِجِىٌّ], قَدْ شَقُّوا عَصَا المُسْلِمِينَ (assumed tropical:) [They have made a schism in the state of combination and union, or in the communion, of the Muslims]. (S, TA.) [Hence,] their saying إِيَّاكَ وَقَتْلَ العَصَا means (assumed tropical:) Beware thou of slaying or being slain in making a schism in the communion of the Muslims (فِى شَقِّ عَصَا المُسْلِمِينَ). (TA.) and one says, اِنْشَقَّتِ العَصَا (S, TA) [The staff became split], meaning, (assumed tropical:) disagreement, or discord, befell. (TA.) And طَارَتْ عَصَا بَنِى فُلَانٍ شِقَقًا [lit. The staff of the sons of such a one flew in splinters], a prov., meaning (assumed tropical:) the sons of such a one became scattered in various directions. (Meyd.) b13: عَصَا العَبْدِ [The stick of the slave] is the thing with which one stirs the مَلَّة [or hot ashes wherein bread is baked]. (TA.) b14: العَصَا signifies also (tropical:) The bone of the shank; (K, TA;) as being likened to the عصا [properly so called]. (TA.) And [the pl.] العِصِىُّ, (assumed tropical:) The bones that are in the wing. (S.) And [the same, or] العُصِىُّ, (assumed tropical:) Certain stars, having the form of the عَصَا [or rather of عصىّ]. (TA. [But what stars these are, I have not been able to determine.]) b15: Also, (i. e. العَصَا,) The tongue. (K.) [Perhaps as being likened to a staff because used in chiding.] b16: And The woman's [muffler, or headcovering, called] خِمَار. (K.) b17: عَصَا الرَّاعِى [The pastor's rod; and appellation of knot-grass; a species of polygonum, p. aviculare;] the بطباط [i. e. بَطْبَاط, but the former name is the better known]; male, and female, the former of which is the more potent: asserted by Dioscorides to be diuretic, and a remedy for him who suffers suppression of the urine. (Ibn-Seenà, whom we call Avicenna, book ii. p. 229.) عُصَيَّةٌ dim. of عَصًا, q. v.

العَاصِى: see عَاصٍ in art. عصى.

عفو: عَفا: لم يذكر لين إلاّ عفّى على، غير أن عفا تستعمل أيضاً، يقال، عفا عليه التراب بمعنى غطاه التراب فلم يعرف. (معجم البلاذري). وفي تاريخ البربر (1: 434): فأزال السلطان تلك السِكة وعفا عليها. (وهذا صواب قراءة العبارة بدل عليه وفقاً لما جاء في مخطوطتنا رقم 135) أي أزالها.
عَفا: ألْغى أمراً؟ (ألكالا) وهو يذكر: نهفو وأهفيت وأهفو ويكتبها كذلك كما لو كان هذا الفعل حفو، غير أن حفو هذا لا يوافق المعنى.
عَفّى (بالتشديد): خرب، دمر، أتلف، اجتاح، ففي كتاب ابن صاحب الصلاة (ص25 ق): قد نقدم التاريخ في قبيح نكاية إبراهيم بن همشك لمدينة قرطبة- وتعفيته جنباتها وربوعها.
عَفَّى: ردَّ، درأ، دافع، قاوم. (فوك).
عافي من: أعفى من. ففي النويري (الأندلس ص482): المعافاة من الخدمة. وفي معجم بوشر: معافاة: إعفاء ومعافاة من: إعفاء من.
عافاك: مرحى؛ أحسنت، ممتاز، حبذا، يا حبذا، ة عظيم، نعما. (بوشر).
عافاكم العرب: مرحى أيها العرب، يا حبذا العرب، أحسنتم أيها العرب. (جاكسون تمبكتو ص141).
أعفى: بمعنى عفا: محا، دمر، خرب (ريجرز ص21) حسب ما جاء في مخطوطتنا (رقم 1) وحسب ما جاء في مخطوطة باريس (رقم ج) التي يعتمد عليها دي ساسي. أما مخطوطتنا (رقم ب) ففيها عافي غير أن الناشر يرى أن عفا أفضل، وهذه موجودة في طبعة باريس. غير أن عبارة في المقري (1: 339) تؤيد كلمة أعفاه، لأن المصدر إعفاء يعني الإبادة والتخريب.
أعفى: بمعنى جعله في حل من الأمر، وصرفه عن منصبه لا تليها من فقط فيقال: إعفاء من، بل تليها عن أيضاً فيقال: إعفاء عن (معجم أبي الفداء بوشر، كليلة ودمنة ص238).
تعافَي: ينقل جان جاك شولتز (انظر فريتاج) كلام الحريري الذي يشير إليه لين أيضاً.
تعافي: نال العافية، استعاد قواه، أبل من المرض. شفي. (بوشر، لين، ألف ليلة 1: 53، 227، 344، برسل 2: 298).
اعتفى عن: اعتذر، أعفى نفسه، استعفى. (بوشر).
عَفْو: إسقاط، مواضعة، تجاوز عن قسم من الدين، وخفض الثمن، وحطيطة في السعر. (بوشر).
عفواً: تلقائياً. (انظر معجم البلاذري). وفي ابن البيطار (1: 180): ينبت لنفسه عفواً على الشجر المذكور، وفي (2: 182) منه: وهو ينبت لنفسه عفواً (2: 539).
عفواً: لم يلق مقاومة. ففي حيان- بسام (1: 173ق): لحق بالمرية ودخلها عفواً.
عفى: قوي، شديد، أضلع، جبار، ضخم جسيم. (بوشر).
عفية عليك: مرحى، أحسنت، نعم ما فعلت يا حبذا ما فعلت. (بوشر).
عَافِية: يسأل السائل: كيف الصحة؟ فيكون الجواب: العافية، أي صحتي جيدة. (المقري 1: 476).
عَافِية: نشاط. (بوشر).
عافِية: هدوء، سكينة وسكون. (بوشر بربرية).
ويقال: راح بعافيته أي ذهب بهدوء. وفي رياض النفوس (ص92 و): قال له وهو يهدده بسكين لئن لم ترح بعافيتك لأخضبنها من دمك.
مات على فراش (أو سرير).
العافية: مات حتف أنفه، مات موتاً طبيعياً. (الجريدة الآسيوية 1851، 1: 56، 57).
عافِيَة: سلم، سلام. (فوك)، وفيه أيضاً: طالب عافية: مسالم، محب للسلم.
عَافية: رغبة في السلام، حب السلام، ففي الجريدة الآسيوية (1852، 2: 215): وارتفع له بذلك صيت عظيم مع عافيته وحسن نيته.
عافية: ففي بلاد البربر يتحاشون استعمال كلمة نار بل يستعملون مقابلها العافية. يقول دوماس (حياة العرب ص523): إذا أردت أن تؤرث غليونك فلا تقل: جيب لي نار، لأن كلمة نار تطلق خاصة على نار جهنم، بل قل: جيب العافية. انظر: (هوست ص222)، دومب ص79، شينييه 3: 188، باربييه، دلايورث ص38، بوشر (وفيه نار الحطب بربرية). وفي مارتن (ص33، 169): راني نقعد قرب العافية ونسخن: أي اقعد قرب النار وادفأ.
عافية عليك: عفية عليك، مرحى، أحسنت نعم ما فعلت، يا حبذا ما فعلت. (بوشر).
عوافي: رحلة سعيدة، مع السلامة: على الطائر الميمون: (بوشر).
أهل العافية: المعوزون، المحتاجون، طلاب المعروف. (دي سلان المقدمة 2: 296).
معفا: في المستعيني (مادة خلاف) وهو الصفصاف والغرب: ومنه نوع يعرف بالمعفا.
معاف (تصحيف معافى): محرر. معفو.
ويقال: معاف عن أي معفو من. (بوشر).
مُعاف: بإعفاء من الضرائب. (بوشر).
مُعاف: سند الإعفاء بكفالة من الرسوم الكمركية، سند يعطيه مدير مكتب الكمرك لمرور شيء نحو المكان المرسل إليه. (بوشر).
معافات: انظرها في مادة عافي. معافاة (جمع): إعفاءات من الضرائب والرسوم (بوشر). متعافي: قوي، طويل بدين، جبار، أضلع. (بوشر، ألف ليلة برسل 3: 106) وفي طبعة ماكن: شجاع بدل متعافي.

(ع ف و) : (يُقَالُ عَفَوْتُ) عَنْ فُلَانٍ أَوْ عَنْ ذَنْبِهِ إذَا صَفَحْتُ عَنْهُ وَأَعْرَضْتُ عَنْ عُقُوبَتِهِ وَهُوَ كَمَا تَرَى يُعَدَّى بِعَنْ إلَى الْجَانِي وَإِلَى الْجِنَايَةِ فَإِذَا اجْتَمَعَا عُدِّيَ إلَى الْأَوَّلِ بِاللَّامِ فَقِيلَ عَفَوْتُ لِفُلَانٍ عَنْ ذَنْبِهِ وَعَلَى ذَا قَوْلُهُ عَفَوْتُكَ عَنْ الْقَطْعِ أَوْ عَنْ الشَّجَّةِ خَطَأٌ وَبِاسْمِ الْفَاعِلَةِ مِنْهُ سُمِّيَ (عَافِيَةُ) الْقَاضِي الْأَوْدِيُّ كَذَا صَحَّ فِي مَنَاقِبِ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - (وَالتَّعَافِي) تَفَاعُل مِنْهُ وَهُوَ أَنْ يَعْفُوَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَنْ بَعْضٍ (وَأَمَّا) تَعَافُوا الْحُدُودَ فِيمَا بَيْنَكُمْ فَالْأَصْلُ تَعَافُوا عَنْ الْحُدُودِ أَيْ لِيَعْفُ كُلٌّ مِنْكُمْ عَنْ صَاحِبِهِ إلَّا أَنَّهُ حُذِفَ عَنْ وَأُوصِلَ الْفِعْلُ أَوْ ضُمِّنَ مَعْنَى التَّرْكِ فَعُدِّيَ تَعْدِيَتَهُ (وَقَدْ جَعَلَ) صَاحِبُ الْمَقَايِيسِ هَذَا التَّرْكِيبَ دَالًّا عَلَى أَصْلَيْنِ تَرْكٍ وَطَلَبٍ إلَّا أَنَّ الْعَفْوَ غَلَبَ عَلَى تَرْكِ عُقُوبَةِ مَنْ اسْتَحَقَّهَا (وَالْإِعْفَاءُ) عَلَى التَّرْكِ مُطْلَقًا (وَمِنْهُ) إعْفَاءُ اللِّحْيَةِ وَهُوَ تَرْكُ قَطْعِهَا وَتَوْفِيرُهَا وَقَوْلُهُمْ أَعْفِنِي مِنْ الْخُرُوج مَعَك أَيْ دَعْنِي عَنْهُ وَاتْرُكْنِي وَمِنْهُ حَدِيث مُحَاكَمَةِ عُمَرَ وَأُبَيّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ إلَى زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ فِي الْحَائِطِ وَإِنْ رَأَيْت أَنْ تُعْفِيَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ الْيَمِينِ فَاعْفِهِ فَقَالَ أَبِي بَلْ نُعْفِيهِ وَنُصَدِّقهُ وَمَنْ رَوَى أَوْ عَفَوْتَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَنْ الْيَمِينِ فَقَدْ سَهَا (وَقَوْلُهُمْ) الْعَفْوُ الْفَضْلُ صَحِيحٌ لِأَنَّ الشَّيْءَ إذَا تُرِكَ فَضَلَ وَزَادَ (وَمِنْهُ حَدِيثُ) عَلِيٍّ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - «أُمِرْنَا أَنْ لَا نَأْخُذَ مِنْهُمْ إلَّا الْعَفْوَ» وَخُذْ مَا صَفَا وَعَفَا أَيْ فَضَلَ وَتَسَهَّلَ (وَمِنْهُ) قَوْلُ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وَلَعَمْرِي مَا الْبَرَاذِينُ بِأَعْفَى مِنْ الْفَرَسِ فِيمَا كَانَ مِنْ مُؤْنَةٍ وَحَرْسٍ يَعْنِي لَيْسَ هَذَا بِأَسْهَلَ مُؤْنَةٍ مِنْ ذَاكَ (وَاخْتَلَفُوا) فِي تَفْسِيرِ قَوْله تَعَالَى {فَمَنْ عُفِيَ لَهُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ شَيْءٌ فَاتِّبَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ} [البقرة: 178] فَأَكْثَرهمْ عَلَى أَنَّهُ مِنْ الْعَفْوِ خِلَافِ الْعُقُوبَةِ وَأَنَّ مَعْنَاهُ فَمَنْ عُفِيَ لَهُ مِنْ جِهَةِ أَخِيهِ شَيْءٌ مِنْ الْعَفْوِ أَيْ بَعْضِهِ بِأَنْ يُعْفَى عَنْ بَعْضِ الدَّم أَوْ يَعْفُوَ بَعْضُ الْوَرَثَةِ وَالْأَخُ وَلِيُّ الْــمَقْتُولِ وَمَنْ هُوَ الْقَاتِلُ وَالضَّمِيرُ فِي لَهُ وَأَخِيهِ لِمَنْ وَفِي إلَيْهِ لِلْأَخِ أَوْ لِلْمُتَّبَعِ الدَّالِّ عَلَيْهِ فَاتِّبَاعٌ لِأَنَّ الْمَعْنَى فَلْيُتَّبَعْ الطَّالِبُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَلْيُؤَدِّ إلَيْهِ الْمَطْلُوب بِإِحْسَانِ وَقِيلَ عُفِيَ تُرِكَ وَمُحِيَ وَقِيلَ أُعْطِيَ وَالْأَخُ الْقَاتِل وَمِنْ لِلتَّبْعِيضِ أَوْ لِلْبَدَلِ وَقَدْ أُنْكِرَ وَقَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {إِلا أَنْ يَعْفُونَ أَوْ يَعْفُوَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ عُقْدَةُ النِّكَاحِ} [البقرة: 237] فَالْعَفْوُ فِيهِ مُسْتَعَارٌ لِلتَّجَافِي عَنْ الْحَقِّ وَطَلَبِهِ كَمَا فِي قَوْلِهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ - «عَفَوْنَا لَكُمْ عَنْ صَدَقَةِ الْخَيْلِ وَالرَّقِيقِ فَهَاتُوا صَدَقَةَ الرِّقَةِ» وَاَلَّذِي بِيَدِهِ عُقْدَةُ النِّكَاحِ الزَّوْجُ وَقِيلَ الْوَلِيُّ وَقَدْ أُنْكِرَ كَمَا أُنْكِرَ تَفْسِيرُ الْعَفْوِ بِالْإِعْطَاءِ وَتَمَامُ التَّفْسِيرِ لِلْآيَتَيْنِ فِي الْمُعْرِبِ.

عفو

1 عَفَا, aor. ـْ (S, Msb,) inf. n. عَفَآءٌ (S, Msb, K) and عُفُوٌّ and عَفْوٌ, (Msb, K,) It was, or became, effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ تعفّى: (K:) and it, or he, perished, came to nought or to an end, or died. (S, TA.) One says, عَفَا الأَثَرُ The trace, vestige, or footprint, was, or became, effaced, &c. (TA.) And [hence,] عَفَا

أَثَرُهُ, inf. n. عَفَآءٌ, He perished, or died. (K.) And عَفَا المَنْزِلُ, aor. as above. (S, Msb,) and so the inf. ns. as in the first sentence, (Msb,) the place of alighting, or abode, was, or became effaced, &c., (S, Msb:) and عَفَت الدَّارُ. aor. ـف inf. a عَفَآءٌ and عُفُوٌّ [and عَفْوٌ]: (TA;) and ↓ تَعَفَّت, (S, TA.) and ↓ عَفَّت also; (TA;) The house, or dwelling, or abode, was, or became, effaced, &c. (S, TA) A'Obeyd cites, as an ex. of العَفَآءُ signifying the being, or becoming, effaced, &c., and the perishing, &c., the saying of Zuheyr, (S, TA.) mentioning a dwelling, or an abode, (TA.) تَحَمَّلُ أَهُلَهَا عَنْهَا فَبَانُوا عَلَى آثَارِ مَا ذَهَبَ العَفَآءُ [Its occupants departed from it, and separated themselves, or removed far away; may the state of that which is effaced, &c., be or rest, upon the traces of what has gone away; or the meaning may be, dust is upon the traces &c., (see عَفَآءٌ as a subst., below;) but it is not thus accord to A 'Obeyd; for] he says, This is like their saying عَلَيْهِ الدَّبَارُ as an imprecation against one expressing a prayer that he may go away and not return. (S, TA.) MF says that عَفَا is one of those verbs that have contr. significations, for at signifies It was, or became, unapparent, or imperceptible and also It was, or became, apparent, or perceptible: and it has two other contr. significations, which will be mentioned in what follows (TA.) b2: And عَفْوٌ signifies also The act of effacing, erasing, rasing, or obliterating. (K, TA.) One says, عَفَتِ الرِّيحُ الأَثَرَ, (TA,) or المَنْزِلَ, (S, Msb,) and الدَّارَ, (TA,) the wind effaced, &c, (S, Msb, TA,) the trace, vestige, or footprint, (TA,) or the place of alighting, or abode, (S, Msb,) and the house, or dwelling, or abode: (TA:) and in like manner, الرِّيحُ ↓ عَفَّتِ الدَّارَ, (S, TA,) inf. n. تَعْفِيَةٌ, (TA,) in which the verb is with teshdeed to denote intensiveness [of the signification, i. e. the wind effaced, &c., mightily, or utterly, the house, or dwelling, or abode]: (S, TA:) and عَلَى أَثَرِهِ ↓ عَفَّى It, or he, effaced its, or his, trace, vestige, or footprint. (MA.) b3: Hence, as some say, عَفَا اللّٰهُ عَنْكَ i. e. May God efface [from thee thy sin, &c.; meaning may God absolve thee]; (TA;) or may God efface thy sins: (Msb:) [and عُفِىَ عَنْهُ May he be absolved, or forgiven, or pardoned:] and hence the saying in a trad., سَلُوا اللّٰهَ العَفْوَ i. e. [Ask ye of God] the effacement of sin; [or ask ye of God absolution, or forgiveness, or pardon;] and ↓ المُعَافَاةَ, and ↓ العَافِيَةَ [which have a similar meaning: see 3]: (TA:) and one says, عَفَوْتُ عَنْ ذَنْبِهِ, meaning I left him, and did not punish him: (S:) or عَفَوْتُ عَنْهُ and عَفَوْتُ عَنْ ذَنْبِهِ and عَفَوْتُ لَهُ عَنْ ذَنْبِهِ i. e. I turned away from him, or from his crime, sin, fault, or offence; syn. صَفَحْتُ عَنْهُ; and I turned away (أَعْرَضْتُ) from punishing him: (Mgh:) or العَفْوُ signifies the turning away (الصَّفْحُ, K, TA) from the committer of a crime or the like; (TA;) and the relinquishing the punishment of the deserving [thereof]: and one says, عَفَا عَنْهُ and عَفَا لَهُ ذَنْبَهُ and عَنْ ذَنْبِهِ [he turned away from him, or from his crime, &c; and relinquished the infliction of his merited punishment, i. e. forgave him, or pardoned him]: (K, TA:) or عَفَا عَنْهُ ذَنْبَهُ and عَفَا لَهُ ذَنْبَهُ and عَنْ ذَنْبِهِ: (so accord. to the CK:) accord. to MF, the primary signification of العَفْوُ is التَّرْكُ: but this is not the case: and الصَّفْحُ [by which it is expl. in the K] is [or rather implies] the relinquishing of blame, or reproof, or of severe, or angry, blame or reproof; and this is more than [is signified by]

العَفْوُ, for the latter is sometimes without the former: the primary signification of العَفْوُ [when trans.] is [said to be] the purposing to take a thing; and Er-Rághib says that عَفَوْتُ عَنْكَ is as though it meant I have purposed to remove [or to take away] thy crime or the like: (TA:) [but I think that the primary signification of العَفْوُ when its object is a crime or the like is that of effacement: and hence likewise what next follows:] b4: العَفْوُ is also metaphorically used as meaning (tropical:) The withdrawing from a right, or due, and from seeking, or demanding, it: and thus the verb is used in the Kur ii. 238 [q. v.]: and in the saying of the Prophet, عَفَوْنَا لَكُمْ عَنْ صَدَقَةِ الخَيْلِ وَالرَّقِيقِ [i. e. (tropical:) We have remitted to you the poor-rate of horses and of the slave or slaves]: (Mgh:) [and hence] عَفَوْتُ عَنِ الحَقِّ means (assumed tropical:) I have annulled [or remitted] the right, or due; as though I erased it from [the account of] him who owed it: (Msb:) and عَفَوْتُ لَهُ عَنْ مَا لِى عَلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) I have relinquished [or remitted] to him what was due to me on his part. (TA.) A2: عَفَا signifies also It was, or became, much in quantity, or many in number: (Msb, MF, TA:) and also the contr., i. e. It was, or became, little in quantity, or few in number. (MF, TA.) It is said in the former sense of hair, and of herbage, &c.: (S:) or, said of hair, It was, or became, long, and much in quantity; (TA;) and said of the hair of a camel, (K,) or of the hair of a camel's back, (TA,) it became abundant and long, and covered his rump; (K, TA;) and said of herbage, it was, or became, much in quantity, and tall. (TA.) And عَفَوْا in the Kur vii. 93 means They became many, or numerous. (S, Msb.) And عَفَتِ الأَرْضُ The land became covered with herbage. (K and TK. [In the CK, والارضَ is erroneously put for وَالأَرْضُ.]) b2: And عَفَوْتُهُ I made it to become much in quantity, or many in number; as also ↓ أَعْفَيْتُهُ; (S, * Msb, TA; *) and so ↓ عَفَّيْتُهُ. (TA.) Accord. to Es-Sarakustee, one says, عَفَوْتُ الشَّعَرَ, aor. ـْ inf. n. عَفْوٌ; and عَفَيْتُهُ, aor. ـْ inf. n. عَفَىٌ; meaning I left the hair to become abundant and long. (Msb.) And one says, اللِّحْيَةَ ↓ اعفى He left the beard to become abundant and long, (Mgh, K, TA,) having ceased from cutting it: (Mgh:) whence, (TA,) it is said in a trad., أَمَرَ أَنْ تُحْفَى

الشَّوَارِبُ وَتُعْفَى اللُّحَى [He commanded that the mustaches should be clipped closely, or much, and that the beards should be left to become abundant and long]: (S, TA:) or أَحْفُوا الشَّوَارِبَ وَأَعْفُوا اللِّحَى [Clip ye &c.], and one may also use the unaugmented verb [saying وَاعْفُوا, from عَفَا]. (Msb, TA.) And شَعَرَ البَعِيرِ ↓ أَعْفَيْتُ, (K,) or شَعَرَ ظَهْرِ البَعِيرِ, (TA,) I left the hair of the camel, or the hair of the back of the camel, to become abundant and long; as also ↓ عَفَّيْتُهُ; (K, TA;) this latter with teshdeed. (TA. [In the CK, عَفَيْتُهُ.]) عَفَا الصُّوفَ, expl. in the K as signifying He shore, or sheared, the wool, signifies he left the wool to become abundant and long, then shore, or sheared, it. (TA.) A3: Also, inf. n. عَفْوٌ, i. q. فَضَلَ or superfluous; or it remained over and above]. (Msb.) You say, خُذْ مَا صَفَا وَعَفَا, [correctly, مَا عَفَا وَصَفَا,] meaning فَضَلَ وَتَسَهَّلَ [i. e. Take thou what has exceeded, or become redundant, and has become facilitated]. (Mgh.) b2: [And He exceeded.] You say, عَفَا عَلَيْهِ فِى العِلْمِ He exceeded him in knowledge; syn. زَادَ. (K.) And هُوَ يَعْفُو عَلَى مُنْيَةِ المُتَمَنِّى وَسُؤَالِ السَّائِلِ He exceeds, in giving, the wish of the wisher and the petition of the petitioner. (TA.) And عَفَوْتُ لَهُ بِمَالِى I exceeded to him [what was incumbent on me] with my property, and gave him. (TA.) b3: And عَفَا, aor. ـْ signifies also [simply] He gave. (TA.) And ↓ اعفاهُ He gave to him, namely, one seeking, or demanding, his beneficence. (Ham pp. 377 and 723.) And بِحَقِّهِ ↓ اعفاهُ He gave to him fully, or wholly, his right, or due. (Har p. 117.) b4: And عَفَوْتُ لَهُ مِنَ المَرَقِ I laded out for him first, and gave to him in preference, some of the broth. (S. [See عِفَاوَةٌ.]) b5: And عَفَوْتُ القِدْرَ I left in the bottom of the cooking-pot [as a gratuity for the lender thereof] the last of the broth, which is termed the عُفَاوَة. (S.) A4: and عَفَوْتُ الرَّجُلَ I asked, or petitioned, the man. (Msb.) And عَفَوْتُهُ and ↓ اِعْتَفَيْتُهُ I came to him seeking, or demanding, his beneficence: you say, فُلَانٌ تَعْفُوهُ الأَضْيَافُ and ↓ تَعْتَفِيهِ [Such a one, guests come to him seeking, or demanding, his hospitality]. (S.) b2: And عَفَتِ الإِبِلُ المَرْعَى, (K, TA,) aor. ـْ inf. n. عَفْوٌ, (TA,) The camels took [or cropped] the pasture near by. (K, TA.) A5: عَفَا المَآءُ The water was untrodden by what would render it turbid. (S, K.) 2 عَفَّتِ الدَّارُ: b2: and عَفَّتِ الرِّيحُ الدَّارَ: and عَفَّى عَلَى أَثَرِهِ: see 1, former half, in three places. [Hence] one says, عَفَّى عَلَيْهِمُ الخَبَالُ, inf. n. تَعْفِيَةٌ, [Perdition, or destruction, &c., effaced them,] meaning (tropical:) they died. (Z, K, TA.) And عَفَّى

عَلَى مَا كَانَ مِنْهُ [He effaced what had proceeded from him], meaning (assumed tropical:) he acted well, or rightly, after acting ill, or wrongly. (S.) A2: See also 1, latter half, in two places. b2: [Hence] one says, عَفُّوا ظَهْرَ هٰذَا الجَمَلِ, meaning Leave ye this camel [lit. the back of this camel] so that he may become fat. (TA.) 3 عافاهُ اللّٰهُ, (S, Msb, K,) مِنَ المَكْرُوهِ, inf. n. مُعَافَاةٌ (K) and عِفَآءٌ (TA as from the K) and ↓ عَافِيَةٌ, (K,) or this is a subst. (S, Msb) put in the place of an inf. n., (S,) or also an inf. n.; (Msb;) and ↓ اعفاهُ; (S, K;) God granted him [health, or soundness, and safety, or security, i. e.] defence (S, K) from diseases and from trial: (K:) or [restored him to health, or soundness, and to security from punishment, i. e.] effaced from him diseases, and sins. (Msb. See also 1, former half.) And عُوفِىَ and ↓ اعفى [the latter perhaps أَعْفَى, but more probably, I think, أُعْفِىَ, agreeably with what here precedes,] are both used in the same sense, said of a sick person [as meaning He was restored to health, or soundness]. (TA.) b2: And مُعَافَاةٌ signifies also God's defending thee from men and defending them from thee: (K, TA:) IAth says that it signifies his rendering thee independent, or in no need, of them, and rendering them independent, or in no need, of thee, and averting their harm from thee and thy harm from them: and some say that it signifies one's forgiving, or pardoning, men, and their forgiving, or pardoning, him. (TA. [See also 6.]) 4 اعفاهُ مِنَ الأَمْرِ He made him to be free, or exempted him, from the affair. (K.) You say, أَعْفِنِى مِنْ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ and أَعْفِ عَنِّى مِنْهُ [Make thou me to be free, or exempt thou me, from this affair]. (TA.) And أَعْفِنِى مِنَ الخُرُوجِ مَعَكَ Exempt thou me, or excuse me, from going forth with thee. (S, Mgh, Msb. *) b2: See also 3, in two places: b3: and 1, latter half, in three places: b4: and the same paragraph, last quarter, in two places.

A2: اعفى also signifies He expended the عَفْو of his property; (K, TA;) i. e., the clear portion thereof; or the redundant portion of it. (TA.) A3: And He was, or became, a possessor of much property; and independent, or in no need. (TA.) 5 تَعَفَّوَ see 1, first and fourth sentences.6 التَّعَافِى signifies [The forgiving, or pardoning, one another, or] the turning away from punishing one another: and تَعَافَوُا الحُدُودَ فِيمَا بَيْنَكُمْ, originally تَعَافَوْا عَنِ الحُدُودِ, [i. e. Relinquish ye the prescribed punishments in respect of what occurs between you,] means let every one of you turn away from [or relinquish] punishing his fellow; the phrase being elliptical, or the verb being made to imply the meaning of التَّرْك, and therefore being made trans. in the same manner as الترك: [hence,] لَوْ تَعَافَيْتُهَا is used by El-Hareeree as meaning If I relinquished them: (Har p. 60:) [and hence it is said that التَّعَافِى signifies التَّجَاوُزُ [app. when each is followed by عَنْ, and thus meaning The passing by, or over, another, or one another, without punishing]. (TA.) A2: And it signifies also The finding, experiencing, or obtaining, health, or soundness. (KL.) 8 إِعْتَفَوَ see 1, last sentence but two, in two places: b2: and see also the paragraph here following.10 الاِسْتِعْفَآءُ is Thy seeking, or demanding, of him who imposes upon thee an affair that is difficult, or troublesome, or inconvenient, his exempting, or excusing, thee from doing it. (K.) You say, اِسْتَعْفَاهُ مِنَ الخُرُوجِ مَعَهُ He asked, or petitioned, him to exempt, or excuse, him from going forth with him. (S, Msb, * TA.) b2: اِسْتَعْفَتِ الإِبِلُ اليَبِيسَ and ↓ اِعْتَفَتْهُ mean The camels took with their lips the dry herbage (K, TA) from above the dust, (TA,) picking out the clear, or best. (K, TA.) عَفًا: see عَفْوٌ, second and last sentences.

عِفًا: see the next paragraph, last sentence.

عَفْوٌ [an inf. n.; for which see 1, throughout.

A2: And also] A land in which is no sign of the way nor trace of habitation or cultivation; untrodden, and not having in it any traces, or vestiges, or footprints: (S:) or a country, or portion of the earth or of land, in which is no trace of its being possessed by any one: and so ↓ عَفًا. (K.) b2: And A redundant portion, (S, Mgh, K,) being such as is left, (Mgh,) of property, remaining over and above what is expended. (S.) A poet says, [app. addressing his wife,] خُذِى العَفْوَ مِنِّى تَسْتَدِيمِى مَوَدَّتِى

وَلَا تَنْطِقِى فِى سَوْرَتِى حِينَ أَغْضَبُ [Take thou what is redundant from me, seeking the continuance of my affection; and speak not in my fit of irritation, when I am angry]. (S.) قُلِ العَفْوَ, in the Kur [ii. 217], means Say thou, Expend ye what is redundant and abundant. (TA.) And خُدِ العَفْوَ, in the same [vii. 198]. means [Take thou, or accept thou,] what is redundant: or accept thou what is easily obtained from the dispositions of men; and oppose them not, for in that case they would oppose thee, and thence would be engendered hatred and enmity. (TA.) And you say, أَعْطَيْتُهُ عَفْوَ المَالِ i. e. [I gave him, of the property, that for which he did not ask; or spontaneously;] without being asked. (S.) And أَعْطَيْتُهُ عَفْوًا [I gave him spontaneously;] without being asked: (K, TA:) or without constraint. (TA.) And أَدْرَكَ الأَمْرَ عَفْوًا He attained the thing easily. (TA.) And أَتَانِى ذٰلِكَ عَفْوًا [That came to me easily]. (A and K in art. غمض.) b3: Also The portion of water that remains over and above what is required by the شَارِيَة [which may mean either the people that dwell thereby and to whom it belongs or the drinkers], (K, TA,) and is taken without constraint and without crowding or pressing. (TA.) b4: And The most lawful, (أَحَلُّ,) so in the copies of the K, but in the M أَجْمَلُ [most beautiful, or goodly], (TA,) and most pleasant, of wealth, or property: (M, K, TA:) and the clear portion thereof. (TA.) b5: And The choice, and best, or most excellent, portion of a thing, (K, TA,) and such as is not attended with fatigue, or weariness. (TA.) b6: And Goodness, or beneficence; or a benefit, or benefaction: syn. مَعْروفٌ. (K.) b7: And A first run: one says of a courser, هُوَ ذُو عَفْوٍ وَعَقِبٍ He has a first run, and a subsequent, and more vehement, ran. (A in art. عقب.) A3: Also, and ↓ عُفْوٌ, and ↓ عِفْوٌ, A young ass; and so ↓ عَفًا; (S, K;) or, accord. to ISk, ↓ عِفًا: (S:) and the female is called عَفْوَةٌ (S, TA) and ↓ عِفَاوَةٌ: (TA:) pl. [of mult.], accord. to the copies of the K, عَفْوَةٌ, but correctly عِفَوَةٌ, said by ISd to be the only instance of a word with و as a final radical movent after a fet-hah, (TA,) and عِفَآءٌ, (ISd, K, TA,) and [of pauc.] أَعْفَآءٌ: (ISd, TA:) and [hence] أَبُو العِفَآءِ means The ass; (K, TA;) [lit. the father of the young asses;] العفَآء being pl. of عَفْوٌ signifying the young ass. (TA.) عُفْوٌ and عِفْوٌ: see the next preceding sentence.

عَفْوَةٌ A bloodwit: (K, TA:) because by means of it pardon is obtained from the heirs of the slain man. (TA.) A2: عَفْوَةُ القِدْرِ and ↓ عِفْوَتُهَا and ↓ عُفْوَتُهَا, as also ↓ عَفَاوَتُهَا, and ↓ عِفَاوَتُهَا and ↓ عُفَاوَتُهَا, signify The froth, or foam, of the cooking-pot; (K, TA;) and the best, or choice, portion thereof, i. e., [of the contents] of the cookingpot; (TA:) or ↓ العِفَاوَةُ signifies the broth that is first taken up out of the cooking-pot, and with which he who is honoured is peculiarly favoured: or, as some say, the first and best of the broth: and ↓ العَفَاوَةُ, the last of the broth, which the borrower of the cooking-pot returns with the cooking-pot. (S, TA. [See also عَافٍ.]) b2: عَفْوَةُ المَرْعَى is What has not been depastured, of herbage, and is therefore abundant. (TA.) b3: And عَفْوَةُ المَآءِ is The supply of water that has collected before the drawing from it. (TA.) b4: See also عِفْوَةٌ.

عُفْوَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph: b2: and also the next following, in two places.

عِفْوَةٌ: see عَفْوَةٌ. b2: Also, (S, TA,) and ↓ عَفْوَةٌ, (TA,) The best, or choice, (S, TA,) and abundant, (TA,) of a thing, (S,) or of property, (TA,) and of food, and of beverage. (S, TA.) One says, ذَهَبَتْ عِفْوَةُ هٰذَا النَّبْتِ The soft, or tender, and best, of this herbage, has gone: (S, TA:) and accord. to the M, ↓ عُفْوَةٌ, with damm, signifies such as is soft, or tender, of any herbage, and such as has not in it anything troublesome, or burdensome, to the pasturing cattle. (M, TA.) b3: And عِفْوَةٌ and ↓ عُفْوَةٌ signify The hair of the head of a man. (TA.) عَفَآءٌ [an inf. n.: used as a subst., signifying The state of being effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated: and of perishing, or dying.

A2: Also] Dust. (S, K.) One says, in reviling, بِفِيهِ العَفَآءُ وَعَلَيْهِ العَفَآءُ [In his mouth be dust, and may the state of that which is effaced, &c., be, or rest, upon him: see also the verse cited near the beginning of this art.]. (TA.) b2: And Rain: (K:) because it effaces the traces of the places of alighting. (TA.) b3: And A whiteness upon the black of the eye. (K.) عِفَآءٌ Such as is abundant of the plumage of the ostrich, (S, K,) and of the fur, or soft hair, of the camel, (S, and so in the K accord. to the TA,) and long and abundant hair: (K:) [see an ex. of the last meaning in a verse cited in art. صب, conj. 6:] the n. of un. is with ة; but it is said that a single feather is not termed عِفَآءَةٌ unless it be [one of feathers that are] dense and abundant. (TA.) One says نَاقَةٌ ذَاتُ عِقَآءٍ [A she-camel having abundant far]. (S.) b2: عِقَآءُ السَّحَابِ means (assumed tropical:) What resembles nap, or pile, in the surface of the clouds, which [when they have this] scarcely ever, or never, break their promise of yielding rain. (TA.) عَفُوٌّ عَنِ الذَّنْبِ A man forgiving [or who forgives] the crime, or misdeed: (K:) [or rather]

العَفُوُّ signifies he who forgives much: (S:) and [as meaning thus, or the Very Forgiving,] it is one of the names of God. (TA.) عَفَاوَةٌ: see عَفْوَةٌ.

عُفَاوَةٌ: see عَفْوَةٌ, in two places.

عِفَاوَةٌ: see عَفْوَةٌ, in two places: A2: and see also عَفْوٌ, last sentence.

عَافٍ Being, or becoming, effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated: [&c.: see 1, of which it is a part. n.:] pl. عُفِىٌّ. (S, TA.) A2: Having long hair. (S, K.) b2: A fleshy, plump, boy. (TA.) And عَافِيَةُ اللَّحْمِ A she-camel having much flesh: pl. عَافِيَاتٌ. (K.) b3: And أَرْضٌ عَافِيَةٌ A land of which the herbage, not having been depastured, has become abundant. (TA.) A3: Some broth that is returned in the cooking-pot when it has been borrowed: (K:) or عَافِى القِدْرِ means what is left in the cooking-pot (As, S, M) by the borrower, for the lender. (M, TA.) [See also عَفْوَةٌ.]

A4: A guest: (S, * K:) and any seeker, or demander, of a favour or bounty, (S, K,) or of means of subsistence: as also ↓ مُعْتَف: (K:) pl. عُفَاةٌ (S, TA) and عُفِىُّ, (S, * K,) both signifying guests, &c., (TA,) as also عَافِيَةٌ; (S, * TA;) which last signifies also beasts, and birds, (S, TA,) as well as men, (S,) seekers of, or seeking, the means of subsistence; (S, TA;) and its pl. is عَوَافٍ. (TA.) One says, هُوَ كَثِيرُ العُفَاةِ and العَافِيَةِ and العُفِىِّ [He is one who has many guests, &c.]. (S, TA.) b2: And A seeker of herbage. (K, * TA. [In the CK, الزّائِدُ is erroneously put for الرَّائِدُ.]) b3: and A comer to water: (K, * TA:) and عَافِيَةُ المَآءِ the comers to the water. (S, TA.) عَافِيَةٌ a subst. from عَافَاهُ اللّٰهُ, q. v., (S, Msb,) and from الإِعْفَآءُ [inf. n. of 4, q. v.], (TA,) signifying Health, or soundness, and safety, or security: (TK:) [or, as it may be best rendered, health and safety, considered as proceeding from God; i. e.] God's defence of a man (S, K) from diseases and from trial: (K:) or freedom from evil. (KL.) See also 1, former half.

A2: [Also fem. of عَافٍ (q. v.), and used as a pl.]

أَعْفَى a word occurring in the saying of 'Omar Ibn-'Abd-El-'Azeez, لَعَمْرِى مَا البَرَاذِينُ بِأَعْفَى مِنَ الفَرَسِ فِيمَا كَانَ مِنْ مَؤُونَةٍ وَحَرْسٍ i. e. [By my life, or by my religion, the hackneys] are not more easy in respect of sustenance [and guardianship than the horse, or mare, of good breed: see فَرَسٌ]. (Mgh.) مُعْفٍ, thus correctly, like مُكْرِمٌ, as in the M, in the K said to be like مُحَدِّثٌ, (TA,) One who associates with another without seeking to obtain his bounty. (K, TA.) You say, اِصْطَحَبْنَا وَكِلَانَا مُعْفٍ [We associated, each of us doing so without seeking to obtain the other's bounty]: and hence the saying of Ibn-Mukbil, فَإِنَّكَ لَا تَبْلُو امْرَأَ دُونَ صُحْبَةٍ

وَحَتَّى تَعِيشَا مُعْفِيَيْنِ وَتَجْهَدَا [For verily thou wilt not test a man before companionship, and until ye live associating without either's seeking to obtain the other's bounty, and toil in so living]. (TA.) مُعَفًّى A camel left unridden. (K and TA in art. سنم.) مُعْتَفٍ: see عَافٍ.

صقب

1 صَقِبَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. صَقَبٌ, (M, A, K,) [like سَقِبَ,] He, or it, was, or became, near. (S, M, * A, * K.) You say, صَقِبَتْ دَارُهُ, (S, A,) with kesr [to the ق], (S,) inf. n. as above, (S, * A,) His house was near; (S, A;) and (A) so دَارُهُ ↓ أَصْقَبَتْ, (M, A, K, TA,) and أَسْقَبَتْ. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., (S, A,) الجَارُ

أَحَقُّ بِصَقَبِهِ, (S, A, K,) i. e. [The neighbour has a better, or the best, claim to pre-emption by reason of his being near: see, with respect to this explanation, and other explanations also, what is said of another reading, بِسَقَبِهِ, voce سَقِبَ: or has a better, or the best, claim] to close connection, and nearness; meaning pre-emption: (IAmb, O, TA:) or, to what is next to him, and near to him: (A, K, TA:) accord. to some, the meaning is the partner: (O, TA:) or the partner who has not divided with his copartner; this, says Az, being shown to be the meaning by another trad.: (Msb in art. جور:) or the neighbour whose dwelling is adjoining. (O, TA.) b2: Also He, or it, was, or became, distant, or remote: thus it has two contr. significations. (K.) A2: صَقَبَهُ, (K,) inf. n. صَقْبٌ, (M,) He collected it, or gathered it together. (M, K.) b2: And صَقَبَهُ He raised it; namely, a building, &c. (M, O, K.) b3: and صَقَبَهُ, (K,) or صَقَبَ قَفَاهُ, (M, TA,) He struck (M, K, TA) him, or it, (K,) or the back of his neck, with his صَقْب, (M, TA,) i. e. (TA) with his fist. (K, TA.) [The inf. n.] صَقْبٌ signifies The striking anything solid and dry or tough. (S, TA.) A3: صَقَبَ, (K, TA,) or ↓ صقّب, (so in a copy of the M,) said of a bird, It uttered a cry or cries: (M, K:) from Kr. (M, TA.) 2 صَقَّبَ see what immediately precedes.3 صاقبهُ He drew near to him: and he faced him, or met him face to face: (A:) or صَاقَبَهُمْ, inf. n. مُصَاقَبَةٌ and صِقَابٌ, he faced them, or met them face to face: (K:) or صَاقَبْنَاهُمْ, inf. ns. as above, we drew near to them: and لَقِيتُهُ مُصَاقَبَةً and صِقَابًا I met him face to face. (M.) 4 أَصْقَبَتْ دَارُهُ: see 1, second sentence.

A2: اصقبهُ He made him, or it, to be near. (S, K.) And اصقب اللّٰهُ دَارَهُ May God make his house to be near. (A.) [And so with س.] b2: And one says, أَصْقَبَكَ الصَّيْدُ The game, or object of the chase, has become near to thee, so that thou art able to shoot, or cast, at it. (K.) صَقْبٌ The young one of a camel: (M, L, K:) and so سَقْبٌ [q. v.]: (M:) but the latter is the more chaste, and some have rejected the former word: (MF:) pl. صِقَابٌ and صُقْبَانٌ (M, K) [and app. صُقُوبٌ also, like سُقُوبٌ,] and [pl. of pauc.]

أَصْقُبٌ. (TA.) b2: And Anything [i. e. any animal] tall, together with plumpness, or with fatness, softness, thinness of the skin, and plumpness; (S, M, K;) and so with س; (M;) as also ↓ صَقَبٌ. (TA.) Applied to a branch, Juicy, thick, and long. (TA.) b3: And A tent-pole: (M, K:) or the middle tent-pole, which is the longest: (S, M, K:) and so with س: (M:) pl. صُقُوبٌ. (S, M, K.) [See also this pl. below.] b4: And The fist: so in the phrase ضَرَبَهُ بِصَقْبِهِ [expl. above]. (TA.) صَقَبٌ [is an inf. n., of صَقِبَ, as mentioned above: and, used as a simple subst.,] signifies Vicinity, or nearness. (M, A, &c.) Thus in the phrase هُوَ صَقَبَكَ [lit. He is in thy vicinity; meaning he is near thee]; mentioned by Sb among instances of adv. nouns which he classes apart because of their strangeness. (M.) And one says also, دَارِى مِنْ دَارِهِ بِصَقَبٍ [lit. My house is in a situation of nearness with respect to his house:] meaning, near [his house]. (TA.) b2: It [is also used as an epithet, and as such] signifies Near: (M, K:) you say مَكَانٌ صَقَبٌ, and سَقَبٌ [q. v. voce سَاقِبٌ], A near place; (M;) and ↓ مَكَانٌ صَاقِبٌ and سَاقِبٌ: (A in art. سقب:) and دَارُهُ صَقَبٌ مِنِّى [His house is near me]. (A in the present art.) b3: See also صَقْبٌ.

صُقُوبٌ a pl. of صَقْبٌ [q. v.]. (S, M, K.) b2: Also The kind legs of camels; a dial. var. of سُقُوبٌ: (IAar, M:) the س is changed into ص app. because the latter is more agreeable with ق. (M.) صَاقِبٌ: see صَقَبٌ.

صَيْقَبَانِىٌّ A seller of perfumes [&c: for the Arab dealer in perfumes sells a great variety of things, such as drugs, many articles of grocery, and the like]: (O, K:) so called because he collects [somewhat] of everything. (TA.) أَصْقَبُ [More, and most, near]. One says, هٰذَا أَصْقَبُ مِنْ هٰذَا This is nearer than this: (M: [and the like is said in the A and TA:]) and so أَسْقَبُ. (M, TA. *) هُوَ مُصَاقِبِى He is my neighbour: (TA in the present art.:) he is one whose house, or tent, adjoins mine. (TA in art. جور.)