رتج

1 رَتَجَ, inf. n. رَتْجٌ: see 4.

A2: رَتِجَ, (K,) or رَتِجَ فِى مَنْطِقَهِ, (S, A, Msb,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. رَتَجٌ, (Msb, TA,) (tropical:) He was, or became, impeded in his speech, unable to speak, or tonguetied; (S, A, * Msb, K;) as also عَلَيْهِ ↓ أُرْتِجَ, (A, K,) and عليه ↓ اُرْتُتِجَ, and عليه ↓ اُسْتُرْتِجَ. (K.) You say, عَلَى القَارِىءِ ↓ أُرْتِجَ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) and على الخَطِيبِ, (Mgh,) (tropical:) The reader, or reciter, (S, Mgh, Msb,) and the orator, or preacher, (Mgh,) was unable to read, or recite, (S, Msb,) as though he were prevented doing so, (Msb,) or as though a thing were closed against him like as a door is closed; (S;) or was, or became, impeded in his reading, or recitation, and his oration, or sermon, and unable to complete it; (Mgh;) from أَرْتَجَ البَابَ: (Mgh, Msb: [see 4:]) and عَلَيْهِ ↓ اُرْتُتِجَ signifies the same: (S: [in my copy of the Msb, “ارتيج, of the same measure as اقتيل, in the pass. form: ” but this is evidently a mistranscription, for اُرْتُتِجَ, of the same measure as اُقْتُتِلَ:]) one should not say اُرْتُجَّ عليه: (S: [but it seems that those who pronounced the verb with teshdeed said اِرْتَجَّ: see art. رج:]) this is sometimes said; but some disallow it: (Msb:) the vulgar say it; and accord. to some, it may be correct as meaning “ he fell into confusion. ” (Mgh.) You say also, عَلَيْهِ ↓ صَعِدَ المِنْبَرَ فَأُرْتِجَعَلَى (tropical:) He ascended the pulpit, and was, or became, impeded in his speech, unable to speak, or tonguetied. (A.) And عَلَى فُلَانٍ ↓ أُرْتِجَ (tropical:) Such a one was unable to finish a saying, or poetry, that he desired to utter. (TA.) And فِى كَلَامِهِ رَتَجٌ (tropical:) In his speech is a reiterating, by reason of an impediment, or inability to say what he would. (A, TA.) A3: رَتَجَ, inf. n. رَتَجانٌ, He (a child) walked a little, at his first beginning to walk; or walked with a weak gait; crept along; or walked slowly. (K, TA.) 4 ارتج البَابَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِرْتَاجٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ رَتَجَهُ, (K,) inf. n. رَتْجٌ; but As allows only the former verb; (TA;) i. q. أَغْلَقَهُ, [which means He locked the door, and also he shut, or closed, the door, but the former appears to be the signification here intended, from what follows,] (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) so as to make it fast, or firm: (A, Mgh, Msb:) so says Az, after Lth: and, by extension of the signification, he shut, or closed, the door, without locking it. (Mgh.) It is said in a trad., إِنَّ أَبْوَابَ السَّمَآءِ تُفْتَحُ عِنْدَ زَوَالِ الشَّمْسِ فَلَا تُرْتَجُ حَتَّى يُصَلَّى

الظُّهْرُ, (Mgh, * and “ Jámi' es-Sagheer ” of EsSuyootee,) i. e. [Verily the gates of Heaven are opened at the declining of the sun from the meridian,] and are not closed nor locked [until the noon-prayer has been performed]. (Mgh.) b2: [Hence,] أُرْتِجَ عَلَيْهِ الأَمْرُ (assumed tropical:) The affair was as though it were closed against him, so that he knew not the way to engage in it, or execute it; syn. اِسْتَبْهَمَ عَلَيْهِ. (TA in art. بهم.) b3: See also 1, in four places. b4: [Hence also,] أَرْتَجَتْ (tropical:) She (a camel) closed her womb against the seed (S, A, K, TA) of the stallion, (TA,) having become pregnant. (A.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) She (an ass) became pregnant. (K.) b6: And (tropical:) She (a hen) had her belly full of eggs. (S, A, * K.) b7: Also أَرْتَجَ (assumed tropical:) It (the sea) became raised into a state of commotion, and covered everything with the abundance of its water, (K, TA,) and the voyager upon it found no way of escape from it. (TA.) b8: (assumed tropical:) It (snow) was continual, and covered [the land]. (K.) b9: (assumed tropical:) It (abundance of herbage) was universal over the land, (K, TA,) leaving no part thereof wanting. (TA.) And أَرْتَجَتِ السَّنَةُ (assumed tropical:) The year of drought involved every part in sterility, (K, TA,) so that man found no way of escape. (TA.) 8 إِرْتَتَجَ see 1, in two places.10 إِسْتَرْتَجَ see 1, second sentence.

سِكَّةٌ رِتْجٌ (tropical:) [A street that is closed;] that has no place of egress. (A, K.) مَالٌ رِتْجٌ (tropical:) Property to which there is no access; (A, TA;) contr. of طِلْقٌ, (K, TA,) which is likewise with kesr; (TA; [in the CK طَلْق;]) as also غِلْقٌ. (K, TA.) رَتَجٌ: see what next follows.

رِتَاجٌ A door: (TA:) or a great door; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ رَتَجٌ: (S A, K:) or a door locked, or shut or closed, (S, Mgh, K,) having a small door, or wicket: (S, K:) or it signifies also a door that is locked, or shat or closed: (Msb:) pl. رُتُجٌ and رَتَائِجُ, and, accord. to MF, أَرْتَاجٌ, but this is irreg., and he has given no authority for it. (TA.) Hence رِتَاجُ الكَعْبَةِ [The door of the Kaabeh]: (S, TA:) and (tropical:) the Kaabeh itself: (A, * TA:) and [hence also] الِرّتَاجُ is (tropical:) a name of Mekkeh. (K, TA.) جَعَلَ مَالَهُ فِى رِتَاجِ الكَعْبَةِ, (A, Mgh, Msb, TA,) occurring in a trad., (Mgh, TA,) means, (A, Msb, TA,) or is said to mean, (Mgh,) (tropical:) He made his property, or cattle, a votive offering to be taken to the Kaabeh; (A, Mgh, Msb;) not the door itself; (Mgh;) the Kaabeh being thus called because by the door one enters it. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) The part of the womb that closes upon the fœtus; as being likened to a door. (L.) b3: أَرْضٌ ذَاتُ رِتَاجٍ occurs in a trad. [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) A land having a place of ingress that is, or may be, closed: or it may mean a land having in it rocks: see رِتَاجَةٌ, of which رِتَاجٌ may be a coll. gen. n.]. (TA.) A2: نَاقَةٌ رِتَاجُ الصَّلَا (assumed tropical:) A she-camel firm or compact [in the middle of the back, or in the part on either side of the tail, &c.]. (K.) رِتَاجَةٌ sing. of رَتَائِجُ, which signifies Rocks. (K.) b2: Also Any narrow شِعْب [or mountainroad, &c.]; as though it were closed, by reason of its narrowness. (L.) مُرْتَجٌ A door, and a chamber, or house, locked, or shut or closed, (مُغْلَقٌ,) so as to be made fast, or firm. (A.) مُرْتِجٌ, applied to a she-camel, (tropical:) Pregnant; because the mouth of her womb becomes closed against the seed of the stallion: (T, A, * TA:) applied also to a she-ass, in the same sense: (TA:) pl. مَرَاتِجُ and مَرَاتِيجُ. (A, TA.) مِرْتَاجٌ A thing with which a door is closed, or made fast; syn. مِغْلَاقٌ; (S;) [app. a kind of latch:] it is affixed behind the door, in the part next to the lock. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA in art. عربض.) مَرَاتِجُ Narrow roads or paths: (S, A, K:) the sing. is not mentioned. (TA.)

جذع

4 اجذع, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِجْذَاعٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) He (a beast) became such as is denoted by the term جَذَعٌ; (TA;) said of the offspring of the sheep or goat, he became in his second year; of that of the cow, and of a solidhoofed beast, he became in his third year; and of that of the camel, he became in his fifth year: (S, Msb, K:) but sometimes, when said of the offspring of the ewe, it means he became six months old, or nine months old; and such is allowable as a victim for sacrifice: (S:) IAar says, it denotes a time, not a tooth (Mgh, Msb) growing or falling out: (Msb:) and said of a she-goat, اجذعت means she became a year old, and sometimes, less than a year, by reason of plenty of food; and of a sheep, اجذع means, when from young parents, he became from six months old to seven; and when from very old parents, from eight months old to ten. (Mgh, Msb.) [See جَذَعٌ, below.]6 تجاذع (tropical:) He (a man) pretended to be a جَذَع [or youth]. (TA.) جِذْعٌ The trunk of a palm-tree: (S, * Msb, K:) or, accord to some, only after it has become dry: or, accord. to some, only after it has been cut: (TA:) or the trunk of a tree when the head has gone: (Ham p. 656:) in the Kur, xix. 23, it is applied to the trunk of a palm-tree which had become dry and was without a head; (Bd;) therefore this does not indicate any restriction nor the contrary: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أجْذَاعٌ (Msb) and [of mult.] جُذُوعٌ. (S, Msb.) b2: The beam of a roof. (Msb, TA.) جَذَعٌ A beast (Lth, Mgh) before the ثَنِىّ [q. v.], (Lth, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) by one year; when it may for the first time be ridden and used: (Lth:) fem. with ة: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) pl. masc. [of pauc.] أجْذَاعٌ (Yoo, O) and [of mult.] جُذْعَانٌ (Yoo, S, Mgh, Msb, K) and جِذْعَانٌ (L, Msb) and جِذَاعٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and جُذَاعٌ; (Yoo, O;) and pl. fem. جَذَعَاتٌ: (S, Msb:) it is a name applied to the beast in a particular time, not denoting a tooth growing or falling out: (S, K:) but it differs in its application to different kinds of beasts: (Az:) applied to a sheep or goat, it means a year old; (IAar;) in his second year: (Mgh:) or, applied to a sheep, a year old; and sometimes less than a year, by reason of plenty of food; (IAar;) or eight months old, (Az, Mgh, TA,) or nine; (TA;) or, when from young parents, from six months old to seven; and when from very old parents from eight months old to ten; (IAar, Mgh;) and the sheep thus called is a satisfactory victim for sacrifice: (Mgh, TA:) and applied to a goat, a year old; (Az, Mgh;) or in its second year; (Az;) but the goat thus called is not a satisfactory victim for sacrifice: (Mgh:) applied to a bull, it means in like manner in his second year; (Mgh;) or in his third year; and the bull thus called is not a satisfactory victim for sacrifice: (TA:) applied to a horse, it means in his third year; (IAar;) or in his fourth year: (Mgh:) [but see قَارِحٌ:] and applied to a camel, in his fifth year; (Az, Mgh;) fem. with ة; and this (a جذعة) is what must be given for the poor-rate when the camels are more than sixty. (Az, TA.) [See also شَصَرٌ.] b2: A youth, or young man. (K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) One who is light-witted, or weak and stupid, like a youth: opposed in this sense to بَازِلٌ as meaning “ old: ” (IAar, TA:) or one whose teeth have fallen out, here and there, [as though likened to a beast thus termed that has shed some of his first teeth,] because he has drawn near to his appointed term of life. (TA: [but it is not quite clear whether this explanation relate to جذع or to بازل.]) b4: (tropical:) [A novice, or recent beginner.] You say, فُلَانٌ فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ جَذَعٌ (tropical:) [Such a one, in this affair, is a novice, or recent beginner,] when he has begun it recently. (S, Z.) b5: الدَّهْرُ جَذَعٌ أَبَدًا (tropical:) Time, or fortune, is ever new, like a youth. (K, * TA.) b6: Hence, (TA,) الأَزْلَمُ الجَذَعُ (tropical:) Time, or fortune; (S, K;) as in the saying, أَهْلَكَهُمُ الأَزْلَمُ الجَذَعُ (tropical:) Time, or fortune, destroyed them; and لَا آتِيكَ الأَزْلَمَ الجَذَعَ (tropical:) I will not come to thee ever. (TA.) [See also art. زلم.] And accord. to some, (S,) The lion: (S, K:) but this is a mistake. (IB, L.) b7: And hence, (TA,) أُمُّ الجَذَعِ (tropical:) Calamity, or misfortune. (K, TA.) b8: أَعَدْتُ الأَمْرَ جَذَعًا (tropical:) I renewed the thing, or affair, as it was at the first: as, for instance, a war which had been extinguished. (TA.) And فَرَّ الأَمْرَ جَذَعًا [signifies, in like manner, (tropical:) He recommenced the thing: or] he commenced the thing. (TA.) And فُرَّ الأَمْرُ جَذَعًا (tropical:) The thing was commenced: (TA:) or the thing returned to its first state; it recommenced. (K in art. فر.) b9: جُذْعَانُ الجِبَالِ (assumed tropical:) Small mountains. (K.) جُذُوعَةٌ [The state of being what is denoted by the term جَذَعٌ;] a subst. from إِجْذَاعٌ [inf. n. of اجذع]. (TA.) جَذْعَمَةٌ Young; (S, K, * TA;) not arrived at puberty: (TA:) originally جَذْعَةٌ; (S, K;) the م being augmentative: (S:) the ة is either to give intensiveness to the meaning, or to denote the fem. gender; the word being considered as implying the meaning of نَفْسٌ or جُثَّةٌ. (TA.) خَرُوفٌ مُتَجَاذِعٌ [A lamb approaching the age in which the term جَذَعٌ is applied to him: expl. in some copies of the K by دَانٍ: in others, by وَانٍ:] in the copies of the O, expl. by وَانٍ مِنَ الإِجْذَاعِ: in the TS and in the A, by دَانٍ, which is probably the right reading. (TA.) Quasi جذعم جَذْعَمَةٌ: see art. جذع.

أَبى
: (ى {أَبَى الشَّيْءَ} يَأْبَاهُ) بِالْفَتْح فيهمَا مَعَ خُلُوِّهِ من حُرُوف الحَلْقِ وَهُوَ شاذٌّ، وَقَالَ يَعْقُوب: أَبَى! يأْبَى نادرٌ. وَقَالَ سِيبَوَيْهٍ: شبهوا الألفَ بِالْهَمْزَةِ فِي قَرَأَ يقْرَأ، وَقَالَ مرّة أَبى يَأْبَى ضارَعُوا بِهِ حَسَبَ يَحْسِبُ فَتَحُوا كَمَا كسروا، وَقَالَ الْفراء: لم يجىء عَن الْعَرَب حَرْفٌ على فَعَلَ يَفْعَلُ مَفْتُوح الْعين فِي الْمَاضِي والغابر إلاّ وثانيه أَو ثالثُهُ أحد حُرُوف الْحلق غير أَبَى يأبَى، وَزَاد أَبُو عَمْرو رَكَنَ يَرْكَنُ، وَخَالفهُ الفرَّاء فَقَالَ: إِنَّمَا يُقَال رَكَنَ يَرْكُنُ ورَكِنَ يَرْكَنُ.
قلت وَهُوَ من تَدَاخُلِ اللغتين، وزادَ ثعلبٌ: قَلاَه يقلاه وغَشَى يَغْشَى وشجا يَشْجَى، وزادَ المبرّد جَبَا يَجْبَى.
قلت: وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَر اللَّبليّ فِي بغية الآمال سَبْعَ عشرَة كلمة شذَّتْ سِتَّة عُدَّتْ فِي الصَّحِيح وَاثْنَتَانِ فِي المضاعَفِ وَتِسْعَة فِي المعتلِّ فعدَّ مِنْهَا ركن يركن وَهلك يهْلك وَقَنطَ يقنط.
قلت: وَهَذِه حَكَاهَا الجوهريّ عَن الْأَخْفَش، وَحضر يحضر ونضر ينضر وَفضل يفضل هَذِه الثَّلَاثَة ذكرهن أَبُو بكر بن طَلْحَة الإشبيلي، وعضضتُ تعض حَكَاهَا ابْن القطاع، وبضَّتِ الْمَرْأَة تَبَضُّ عَن يَعْقُوب، وَفِي المعتل أبَى يأبَى، وَجَبا المَاء فِي الْحَوْض يَجْبَى، وقَلَى يَقْلَى، وَخَظَى يَخْظَى إِذا سمن، وغَسَى الليلُ يَغْسَى إِذا أظلم، وَسَلَى يَسْلَى وَشَجَى يَشْجَى، وَعَثَى يَعْثَى إِذا أفسد، وَعَلَى يَعْلَى، وَقد سمع فِي مِثَال المضاعف وَمَا بَعْدَه مجيئهما على الْقيَاس مَا عدا أَبى يَأْبَى فَإِنَّهُ مَفْتُوح فيهمَا متفِقٌ عَلَيْهِ من بَينهَا من غير اختلافِ، وَقد بيّنت ذَلِك فِي رِسَالَة التَّصْرِيف، قَالَ ابْن جنّيّ (وَقد قَالُوا: {أَبَاهُ (} يَأْبِيهِ على وَجْهِ الْقيَاس كَأتى يأتِي، وَأنْشد أَبُو زيد:
يَا إبلي مَا ذامُهُ {فتأبِيَهْ ماءٌ رُواءٌ ونَصِيٌّ حَوْلِيَه ْفقول شَيخنَا: ويأبِيه بِالْكَسْرِ وَإِن اقْتَضَاهُ الْقيَاس فقد قَالُوا إِنَّه غيرُ مسموع مردودٌ لما نَقله ابْن جني عَن أبي زيد، وَقَالَ أَيْضا: قَوْله أَبَى الشيءَ} يأباه {ويأبيه جرى فِيهِ على خلاف اصْطِلَاحه، لِأَن تكْرَار الْمُضَارع يدلُّ على الضَّم وَالْكَسْر لَا الْفَتْح، وَكَأَنَّهُ اعتمدَ على الشّهْرَةِ قَالَ ابْن بَريّ: وَقد يُكْسَرُ أوّلُ المضارِع فَيُقَال} تِئْبَى وَأنْشد:
ماءٌ رُواءٌ وَنَصِيٌّ حَوْلِيَه هَذَا بأَفْواهِكَ حَتَّى {تِئْبِيَهْ قلت: وَقَالَ سِيبَوَيْهٍ: وَقَالُوا} يِئْبَى وَهُوَ شاذّ من وَجْهَيْنِ: أحدَهُما: أَنه فَعَلَ يَفْعَلُ وَمَا كَانَ عَلَى فَعَلَ لم يكسر أَوله فِي الْمُضَارع فكسروا هَذَا لِأَن مضارعه مشاكلٌ لمضارع فَعِلفَكَمَا كَسِرَ أول مضارع فَعِل فِي جَمِيع اللُّغَات إِلَّا فِي لُغَة أهل الْحجاز كَذَلِك كَسَرُوا يَفْعل هُنَا. وَالْوَجْه الثَّانِي: من الشُّذوذ أَنهم تَجَوَّزوا الْكسر فِي يَاء يِئْبَى، وَلَا تُكْسَر الْبَتَّةَ إِلَّا فِي نَحْو يَبْجَلُ، واستجازوا هَذَا الشذوذ فِي يَاء يِئْبَى لِأَن الشذوذ قد كثر فِي هَذِه الْكَلِمَة ( {إباءً} وإباءة بكسرهِما فَهُوَ {آبٍ} وَأَبِيّ {وَأبيانِ بِالتَّحْرِيكِ، أنْشد ابْن بَرِّي لبشر بن أبي خازم:
يَرَاهُ النَّاسُ أخْضَرَ مِنْ بَعِيدٍ وَتَمْنَعُهُ المَرَارَة} وَالإِباءُ (كِرهه قَالَ شَيخنَا: فَسَّر {الإباء هُنَا بالكره، وَفسّر الكره فِيمَا مضى} بالإباء على عَادَته، وَكثير يفرِّقون بَينهمَا فَيَقُولُونَ: الإباء هُوَ الِامْتِنَاع عَن الشَّيْء والكراهية لَهُ بغضه وَعدم ملايمته (وَفِي الْمُحكم قَالَ الْفَارِسِي: أَبى زيد من شرب المَاء و ( {آبَيْتُهُ إيّاهُ قَالَ سَاعِدَة بن جؤية:
قَدْ} أوبِيَتْ كُلَّ ماءٍ فَهِيَ صَادِيةٌ مَهْما تُصِبْ أُفُقاً من بارقٍ تَشِمِ ( {والأبية هَكَذَا فِي النُّسَخ، وَفِي بَعْضهَا} الآبِيَةُ بِالْمدِّ (الَّتِي تعَافُ الماءَ و) هِيَ أَيْضا (الَّتِي لَا تُريدُ عَشاءً وَمِنْه الْمثل: العاشِية تُهَيِّجُ الآبِيَة أَي إِذا رَأَتْ الآبيةُ الإبلَ العَوَاشِي تَبِعَتْها فَرَعَتْ مَعَهَا (والآبية من (الْإِبِل الَّتِي (ضُرِبَتْ فَلم تَلْقَحْ كأَنها أبَتِ اللِّقاحَ (ومَاءة مَأباةٌ تأباها الإبلُ) أَي مِمَّا تحْمِلها على الِامْتِنَاع مِنْهَا (وَيُقَال: (أَخذه أُباءٌ من الطّعامِ بالضَّمِّ أَي (كَرَاهةً) جاؤوا بهِ على فُعَال لِأَنَّهُ كالداء، والأدواء مِمَّا يغلب عَلَيْهَا فُعَالِ.
(ورجُلٌ آبٍ من: قوم ( {آبينَ} وَأُباةٍ كَدُعاةٍ ( {وَأُبَيَ) بِضَم فَكسر فتشديد (} وَإباءٍ كَرِجال وَفِي بعض الْأُصُول كَرُمّان (وَرَجُل {أَبِيٌّ كَغَنِيّ (مِنْ قوم (} أبيِّينَ) قَالَ ذُو الإصبع العدواني:
إنِّي {أَبِيٌّ أَبِيّ ذُو مُحَافَظَةٍ
وَابنُ أَبِيّ مِنْ أَبِيِّينِشَبَّه نون الْجمع بنُون الأَصْل فَجَرَّها (} وَأَبَيتُ الطّعامَ واللبَّن (كرَضِيتُ {إبّىً بِالْكَسْرِ وَالْقصر (انْتَهَيْتُ عَنهُ من غيرِ شِبَعٍ، ورجُلٌ} أَبَيانٌ محركةً {يأبَى الطَّعامَ أَو الَّذِي يأبَى (الدَّنيئَة والمذامّ وَأنْشد الجوهريُّ لأبي المجشّر الجاهلي:
وَقَبْلَكَ مَا هابَ الرّجالُ ظُلاّمَتِيوَفَقَأْتُ عَيْنَ الأشْوَسِ} الأبَيانِ (ج {إبيْانٌ بِالْكَسْرِ) عَن كرَاع (} وأَبِيَ الفَصيلُ كَرَضِيَ وَعُنِي {أَبى بِالْفَتْح وَالْقصر (سَنِقَ من اللَّبَنِ وأَخَذَهُ أُبَاءٌ (و) } أَبِيَ (العَنْزُ أَبيَّ (شَمَّ بَوْلَ) الماعز الْجبلي وَهُوَ (الأرْوِيِّ) أَو شَرِبَهُ أوْ وَطِئه (فَمَرِضَ بِأَن يَرِمَ رأسُهُ وَيَأْخُذَهُ من ذَلِك صداعٌ فَلَا يكادُ يُبرأ، وَلَا يكَاد يقدِر على أكل لَحْمه لمرارته، وَرُبمَا ( {أَبيَت الضَّأْن من ذَلِك غير أَنه قلّما يكون ذَلِك فِي الضَّأْن، وَقَالَ ابْن أَحْمَر لراعي غنم لَهُ أَصَابَهَا} الأباء:
فَقُلْتُ لِكَنّازِ تَوَكَّلْ، فَإِنَّهُأُبىً لَا أظنُّ الضأنَ مِنْهُ نَواجيافَمَالَكِ مِنْ أَرْوَى تَعَادَيْنَ بِالعَمَى وَلاقَيْنَ كَلاَّباً مُطِلاً وَرَامِيا قَوْلُه: لَا أَظنُّ الخ. أَي مِن شِدَّته، وذلِكَ أَنَّ الضَّأْنَ لَا يضرُّهَا الأُباءُ أَن يَقْتُلَها.
وَقَالَ: أَبُو حنيفَةَ: الأُباءُ عَرَضَ يَعْرِض للعُشْبِ مِن أَبْوالِ الأَرْوَى، فَإِذا رَعَتْه المَعَز خاصَّة قَتَلَها، وكَذلِكَ إِن بالَتْ فِي الماءِ فشَرِبَتْ مِنْهُ المَعَز هَلَكَتْ.
قالَ أَبو زيدٍ: أَبِيَ التَّيْسُ وَهُوَ يَأْبَى أَبىً، مَنْقوصٌ، وتَيْسٌ {آبي بَيِّنُ} الاباء إِذا شَمَّ بَوْلَ الأَرْوَى فمَرِضَ مِنْهُ، (فَهُوَ {أَبْوَأُ مِن تُيوسٍ} أُبْوٍ وأَعْنُزٍ أُبْوٍ؛ وعَنْزٌ أَبيةٌ {وأَبْواءُ.
وقالَ أَبو زيادٍ الكِلابيّ والأَحْمر: قد أَخَذَ الغَنَم} الأُبَا، بالقَصْرِ، وَهُوَ أَنْ تَشْرَبَ أبْوالَ الأَرْوَى فيُصِيبُها مِنْهُ داءٌ.
قالَ الأَزْهرِيُّ: قَوْلَهُ: تَشْرَبَ خَطَأٌ، إنَّما هُوَ تَشُمُّ، وكَذلِكَ سَمِعْتُ العَرَبَ.
( {والأَباءُ، كسَحاب: البَرْدِيَّةُ، أَوْ الأَجَمَةُ، أَو هِيَ من الحَلْفاءِ خاصَّةً.
قالَ ابنُ جنِّي: كانَ أَبو بكْرٍ يشتقُّ} الأَباءَةَ مِن {أَبَيْت، وذلِكَ (لأَنَّ الأَجَمَةَ تَمْنَعُ) ؛ كَذَا فِي النسخِ والصَّوابِ تَمْتَنِعُ؛ وتَأْبَى على سالِكِها، فأصْلُها عنْدَه} أَبايَةٌ، ثمَّ عُمِلَ فِيهَا مَا عُمِل فِي عبَايَةٍ وصَلايَةٍ، حَتَّى صِرْنَ عَباءَةً وصَلاءةً! وأباءَةً، فِي قوْلِ مَنْ هَمَزَ، ومَنْ لم يَهْمز أَخْرجَهنَّ على أُصولِهنَّ، وَهُوَ القِياس القوِيُّ.
قالَ أَبو الحَسَنِ: وكما قيلَ لَهَا أَجَمَة مِن قوْلِهم أَجِمَ الطَّعامَ كَرِهَهُ.
(وقيلَ: هِيَ الأَجَمَةُ مِن (القَصَبِ خاصَّةً؛ وأَنْشَدَ الجَوْهرِيُّ لكَعْبِ بنِ مالِكٍ:
مَنْ سَرَّه ضَرْبٌ يُرَعْبِل بعضُه بَعْضًا كَمَعْمَعَةِ الأَباءِ المُحْرَقِ (واحِدَتُه بهاءٍ، ومَوْضعُه المَهْموزُ، وَقد سَبَقَ أَنَّه رأْيٌ لابنِ جنّي.
( {وآبى اللَّحْمِ الغِفاريُّ، بالمدِّ، (صَحابيٌّ، واخْتُلِفَ فِي اسْمِه فقيلَ: خَلَفٌ، وقيلَ: عبدُ اللَّهِ، وقيلَ: الحُوَيرثُ، اسْتَشْهَدَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْن، (وَكَانَ} يأْبَى اللَّحْمَ مُطْلقاً. وَالَّذِي فِي مُعْجم ابنِ فَهْد: خَلَفُ بنُ مالِكِ بنِ عبدِ اللهِ {آبَى اللّحْم، كانَ لَا يأْكُلُ مَا ذُبِحَ للأَصْنام، انتَهَى ويقالُ اسْمُه عبدُ الملكِ بنُ عبدِ اللَّه رَوَى عَنهُ مَوْلاهُ عُمَيْر وَله صحْبَةٌ أَيْضاً، وَالَّذِي فِي أنْسابِ أَبي عبيدٍ: الحُوَيْرث بنُ عبدِ اللَّهِ بنِ آبَى اللَّحْم قُتِلَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْن مَعَ النبِّي صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم وكانَ جَدُّهُ لَا يأْكُلُ مَا ذُبِحَ للأَصْنامِ فسُمِّي آبَى اللّحْم، انتَهَى. فتأَمَّل ذلِكَ.
(} والآبي: الأَسَدُ لامْتِناعِهِ.
(ومحمدُ بنُ يَعْقوبَ بن أَبِيَ، كعَلِيَ، مُحدِّثٌ، رَوَى عَنهُ أَبو طاهِرٍ الذّهليُّ.
( {وأَبَّى كحَتَّى، وقيلَ بتَخْفِيفِ الموحَّدَةِ أَيْضاً كَمَا فِي التَّبْصيرِ، التّشْديدُ عَن ابنِ ماكوُلا، والتَّخْفِيفُ عَن الخَطِيبِ، والبَصْريُّونَ أَجْمَعُوا على التَّشْديدِ؛ وَهُوَ (ابنُ جَعْفَرٍ النَّجيرَمِيُّ أَحَدُ الضُّعَفاءِ، كَمَا فِي التَّبْصيرِ، ورأَيْتُ فِي ذَيْلِ دِيوانِ الضُّعفاءِ للذَّهبيِّ بخطِّه مَا نَصَّه: أَبانُ بنُ جَعْفَر النَّجيرَميُّ عَن محمدِ بنِ إسْماعيلَ الصَّائِغ كذَّابٌ، رآهُ ابنُ حبَّان بالبَصْرَةِ، قالَهُ ابنُ طاهِرٍ، فتأمَّل. وَقد تقدَّمَ شيءٌ، مِن ذلِكَ فِي أَوَّل الكِتابِ.
((و) } أَبَّى، كحَتَّى: (بِئْرٌ بالْمدينةِ لبَني قُرَيْظَةَ.
قالَ محمدُ بنُ إسْحاق عَن معْبدِ بنِ كَعْبِ بنِ مالِكٍ قالَ: لمَّا أَتَى النبيُّ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم بَني قُرَيْظَةَ نَزَلَ على بئرٍ من آبارِهِم فِي ناحِيَةٍ مِن أَمْوالِهم يقالُ لَهَا بِئْرُ {أَبا.
قالَ الحازِمِيّ: كَذَا وَجَدْته مَضْبوطاً مجوّداً بخطِّ أَبي الحَسَنِ بنِ الفراتِ، قالَ: وسَمِعْتُ بعضَ المحصّلين يقولُ: إنّما هُوَ أُنا بضمِّ الهَمْزَةِ وتَخفيفِ النّون.
(ونَهْرُ) أَبَّى، كحتَّى، (بينَ الكُوفَةِ وقَصْرِ بني مُقاتِلٍ وقالَ ياقوتُ: قَصْرُ ابنِ هُبَيْرةَ يُنْسَبُ إِلَى أَبّى بنِ الصَّامغانِ مِن مُلُوكِ النَّبط.
قُلْتُ: ذَكَرَه هَكَذَا الهَيْثمُ بنُ عدِيَ.
(و) أَيْضا: (نَهْرٌ كبيرٌ (ببَطيحَةِ واسِطَ؛ عَن ياقوت.
(} والأَبَّاءُ بنُ {أُبَيٍّ، كشَدَّادٍ: مُحدِّثٌ؛} وأُبَيُّ، مُصَغَّراً، ابنُ نضلَةَ بنِ جابِرٍ، كانَ شَرِيفاً فِي زمانِهِ. فقَوْلُه: مُحدِّثٌ، فِيهِ نَظَرٌ.
( {والأُبِّيَّةُ، بالضَّمِّ وكسْرِ الموحَّدَةِ وتَشْديدِها وتَشْديدِ الياءِ: (الكِبْرُ والعَظَمةُ.
(وقالَ الهَرَويُّ: سَمِعْتُ أَبا يَعْقوبَ بنِ خرزاذ يقولُ: قالَ المُهَلبيُّ أَبو الحُسَيْن عَن أَبي إسْحاق النَّجيرَمِيّ: (بَحْرٌ لَا يُؤْبَى، أَي لَا يَجْعَلُكَ} تَأْبَاهُ.
ونَقَلَ الجَوْهرِيُّ عَن ابنِ السِّكِّيت: (أَي لَا يَنْقَطِعُ مِن كَثْرَتِه؛ وكَذلِكَ كَلأٌ لَا {يُؤْبَى.
وقالَ غيرُهُ: وَعِنْده دَراهِمُ لَا} تُؤْبَى، أَي لَا تَنْقَطِعُ.
وحَكَى اللَّحْيانيُّ: عنْدَنا ماءٌ مَا يُؤْبَى، أَي مَا يَقِلُّ.
( {والإِبْيَةُ، بالكسْرِ: ارْتِدادُ اللَّبَنِ فِي الضَّرْعِ. يقالُ للمَرْأَةِ إِذا حُمَّتْ عنْدَ ولادهِا إنَّما هَذِه الحُمَّى} إبْيَة ثَدْيك.
قالَ الفرَّاءُ:! الإبْيَةُ غرارُ اللَّبَنِ وارْتِدادُه فِي الثَّدْي؛ كَذَا نَصّه فِي التّكْمَلَةِ. فقَوْلُ المصنِّفِ: فِي الضَّرْع فِيهِ نَظَرٌ، تأمَّل ذَلِك.
( {والأَبَا، بالقَصْرِ، (لُغَةٌ فِي} الأبِ، وَلم تُحْذَفْ لامُه كَمَا حُذِفَتْ فِي الأبِ، يقالُ: هَذَا أَباً ورأَيْتُ {أَباً ومَرَرْتُ} بأَباً، كَمَا نقولُ: هَذَا قَفاً ورأَيْتُ قَفاً ومَرَرْتُ بقَفاً.
(وأَصْلُ الأبِ {أَبَوٌ، محرّكةً، لأنَّ (ج} آباءٌ، مثْلُ قَفّاً وأَقْفاءٍ، ورَحىً وأَرْحاءٍ، فالذَّاهِبُ مِنْهُ واوٌ لأنَّك تقولُ فِي التَّثْنيةِ {أَبَوانِ، وبعضُ العَرَبِ يقولُ} أَبانِ على النَّقْصِ، وَفِي الإِضافَةِ {أَبِيَكَ، (وَإِذا جَمَعْتَ بالواوِ والنُّونِ قُلْتَ: (} أَبُونَ، وكَذلِكَ أَخُونَ وحَمُونَ وهَنُونَ، قالَ الشَّاعِرُ:
فَلَمَّا تَعَرَّفْنَ أَصْواتَنا بَكَيْنَ وفَدَّيْتَنا {بالأَبِينا وعَلى هَذَا قَرَأَ بعضُهم: {لَهُ} أَبِيكَ إبراهيمَ وإسْماعيلَ وإسْحاقَ} يُريدُ جَمْعَ {أَبٍ أَي} أَبِينَكَ، فحذَفَ النّونَ للإضافَةِ؛ نَقَلَهُ الجَوْهرِيُّ.
قالَ ابنُ بَرِّي: وشاهِدُ قَوْلِهم: أَبانِ فِي تَثْنيةِ أَبٍ قَوْلُ تُكْتَمَ بنْت الغَوْثِ:
باعَدَني عَن شَتْمِكُمْ أَبانِعن كُلِّ مَا عَيْبٍ مُهَذَّبانِ وقالتِ الشَّنْباءُ بنْتُ زيْدِ بنِ عُمارَةَ:
نِيطَ بِحَقْوَيْ ماجِدِ! الأَبَيْن ِمن مَعْشَرٍ صِيغُوا من اللُّجَيْنِقالَ: وشاهِدُ أَبُونَ فِي الْجَمْعِ قَوْلُ الشاعِر:
أَبُونَ ثلاثةٌ هَلَكُوا جَمِيعاً فَلَا تَسْأَمْ دُمُوعُكَ أَن تُراقا قَالَ الأزْهرِيُّ والكَلامُ الجَيِّدُ فِي جَمْعِ الأبِ الآباءُ، بالمدِّ.
( {وأَبَوْتَ} وأَبَيْتَ صِرْتَ {أَباً؛ وَمَا كُنْتَ أَباً وَلَقَد} أَبَوْتَ {أُبُوَّةً، وَعَلِيهِ اقْتَصَرَ الجَوْهرِيُّ؛ ويقالُ:} أَبَيْتَ؛ وكَذلِكَ مَا كنْتَ أَخاً وَلَقَد أَخَوْتَ وأَخَيْتَ، ( {وأَبَوَتُه} إِباوَةً، بالكسْر: صِرْتُ لَهُ أَباً؛ والاسمُ {الإبْواءُ؛ قالَ بخْدَج:
اطْلُبْ أَبا نَخْلَةَ مَنْ يَأْبُوكا فقد سَأَلْنا عَنْكَ مَنْ يَعْزُوكا إِلَى} أَبٍ فكلُّهم يَنْفِيكا وقالَ ابنُ السِّكِّيت: أَبَوْتُ لَهُ آبُوهُ إِذا كُنْتَ لَهُ أَباً.
وقالَ ابنُ الأعْرابيِّ: فلانٌ {يَأْبُوكَ، أَي يكونُ لَكَ أَباً، وأَنْشَدَ لشريكِ بنِ حَيَّان العَنْبَريّ يَهْجُو أَبا نُخَيْلة السَّعْدي:
فاطْلُب أَبا نَخْلَةَ مَنْ} يَأْبُوكَا وادَّعِ فِي فَصِيلَةٍ تُؤْوِيكَاقالَ ابنُ بَرِّي: وعَلى هَذَا يَنْبَغي أَن يُحْمَل قَوْلُ الشَّرِيف الرَّضِي:
تُزْهَى عَلى مَلِك النِّساءِ فلَيْتَ شِعْري مَنْ {أَباها؟ أَي مَنْ كانَ أَباها، قالَ: ويَجوزُ أَنْ يُريدَ} أَبَوَيْها فَبَناهُ على لُغَةِ مَنْ يَقُول {أَبان} وأَبُونَ.
(وقالَ أَبو عبيدٍ: ( {تَأَبَّاه ُأَباً، أَي (اتَّخَذَه أَباً؛ وَكَذَا تَأَمَّاها أُمّاً، وتَعَمَّمَهُ عَمّاً.
(وَقَالُوا فِي النِّداءِ: يَا} أَبَتِ افْعَلْ، (بكسْر التَّاءِ وفَتْحِها.
(قالَ الجَوْهرِيُّ: يَجْعلُونهَ علامَةَ التَّأْنِيثِ عِوَضاً من ياءِ الإِضافَةِ، كقَوْلِهم فِي الأُمِّ: يَا أُمَّتِ، وتقفُ عَلَيْهَا بالهاءِ إلاَّ فِي القُرْآنِ فَإنَّكَ تقفُ عَلَيْهَا بالتاءِ اتِّباعاً للكِتابِ، وَقد يقفُ بعضُ العَرَبِ على هاءِ التَّأْنِيثِ بالتاءِ فيَقُولونَ: يَا طَلْحَةَ؛ قالَ: وإنَّما لم تَسْقطِ التاءُ فِي الوَصْلِ من الأَبِ، وسَقَطتْ من الأُمِّ إِذا قلْتَ يَا أُمَّ أَقْبِلي، لأنَّ الأَبَ لمَّا كانَ على حَرْفَيْن كَانَ كأَنَّه قد أُخِلَّ بِهِ، فصارَتِ الهاءُ لازِمَةً وصارَتِ التاءُ كأَنَّها بعْدَها، انتهَى.
قالَ سيْبَوَيْه: (وسَأَلْتُ الْخَليلَ عَن قَوْلِهم: (يَا {أَبَهْ، بالهاءِ وَيَا} أَبَتِ (وَيَا {أَبَتاهُ وَيَا أُمَّتاهُ، فزَعَمَ أنَّ هَذِه الهاءَ مثْلُ الهاءِ فِي عَمَّه وخَالَه، قَالَ: ويدلُّكَ على أَنَّ الهاءَ بمنْزِلَةِ الهاءِ فِي عَمَّه وخالَه أنَّك تقولُ فِي الوَقْفِ يَا أَبَهْ، كَمَا تقولُ يَا خالَهْ، وتقولُ يَا أَبَتاهْ كَمَا تقولُ يَا خالتَاهُ، قالَ: وإنّما يلزمون هَذِه الهاءَ فِي النِّداءِ إِذا أَضَفْتَ إِلَى نَفْسِك خَاصَّة، كَأَنَّهَا جَعَلُوها عِوَضاً من حذْفِ الياءِ، قَالَ: وأَرادُوا أَنْ يُخِلُّوا بالاسْمِ حينَ اجْتَمَعَ فِيهِ حَذْف النِّداء، (وأنَّهم لَا يَكادُونَ يقُولُونَ: (يَا} أَباهُ، وصَارَ هَذَا مُحْتَملاً عنْدَهم لِمَا دَخَلَ النِّداءَ مِن الحَذْفِ والتَّغْييرِ، فأَرَادُوا أَن يُعَوِّضوا هذَيْن الحَرْفَيْن كَمَا يَقولُونَ أَيْنُق، لمَّا حَذَفُوا العَيْن جَعَلوا الياءَ عِوَضاً، فلمَّا أَلْحَقُوا الهاءَ صَّيرُوها بمنْزِلَةِ الهاءِ الَّتِي (تلْزم) الاسْمَ فِي كلِّ مَوْضِع، واخْتَصّ النِّداء بذلِكَ لكَثْرتِه فِي كَلامِهم كَمَا اخْتصَّ بيا أَيُّها الرَّجُل.
وذَهَبَ أَبو عُثْمان المازِنيُّ فِي قِراءَةِ مَنْ قَرَأَ يَا {أَبَهَ، بفتْحِ الهاءِ إِلَى أنَّه أَرادَ يَا} أَبَتاهُ فحذَفَ الألِفَ، وقَوْلُه أَنْشَدَه يَعْقوبُ:
تقولُ ابْنَتي لمَّا رأَتْ وَشْكَ رِحْلَتي
كأَنَّك فِينا يَا {أَباتَ غَريب أَرادَ: أَبَتاهُ، فقدَّمَ الأَلِفَ وأَخَّر التاءَ، ذَكَرَه ابنُ سِيدَه والجَوْهرِيُّ.
وقالَ ابنُ بَرِّي: الصَّحِيحُ أنَّه ردَّ لامَ الكَلِمَة إِلَيْهَا لضَرُورَةِ الشِّعْرِ.
(وَقَالُوا: (} لابَ لَكَ، يُريدونَ لَا {أَبَ، لَكَ، فَحَذَفَوا الهَمْزَةَ البَتَّةَ، ونَظيرُهُ قَوْلَهم: وَيْلُمِّه، يُرِيدُونَ: وَبْلَ أُمِّه.
(وَقَالُوا: (لَا} أَبا لَكَ.
قالَ أَبو عليَ: فِيهِ تَقْديرانِ مُخْتلِفانِ لمعْنَيَيْن مُخْتلِفَيْن، وذلِكَ أنَّ ثَباتَ الأَلِفِ فِي أَبَا مِن أَبَالَكَ دَلِيلُ الإضافَةِ، فَهَذَا وَجْهٌ، ووَجْهٌ آخَرُ أَنَّ ثَباتَ اللامِ وعَمَل لَا فِي هَذَا الاسْم يُوجِبُ التَّنْكِيرَ والفَصْلَ، فثَباتُ الألِفِ دَليلُ الإضافَةِ والتَّعْريفِ، ووُجودُ اللامِ، دَليلُ الفَصْل والتَّنْكير وَهَذَانِ كَمَا تَراهُما مُتَدافِعَانِ.
(ورُبَّما قَالُوا: (لَا {أَباكَ، لأنَّ الَّلامَ كالمُقْحمةِ؛ (ورُبَّما حَذَفُوا الألفَ أَيْضاً فَقَالُوا (لَا} أَبَكَ، وَهَذِه نَقَلَها الصَّاغانيُّ عَن المبرِّدِ.
(وَقَالُوا أَيْضاً: (لَا أَبَ لَكَ؛ و (كُلُّ ذلِكَ دُعاءٌ فِي المَعْنَى لَا مَحالةَ، وَفِي اللَّفْظِ خَبَرٌ، أَي أَنتَ عنْدِي ممَّنْ تستحقُّ أَن يُدْعى عَلَيْهِ بفقْدِ! أَبيهِ. ويُؤَكّد عنْدك خُروجُ هَذَا الكَلام مَخْرَج المَثَل كُثْرتُه فِي الشِّعْرِ، وأنَّه (يقالُ لمن لَهُ أَبٌ وَلمن لَا أَبَ لَهُ، لأنَّه إِذا كانَ لَا أَبَ لَهُ لم يَجُزْ أَن يُدْعَى عَلَيْهِ بِمَا هُوَ فِيهِ لَا مَحالَةَ، أَلا تَرى أنَّك لَا تقولُ للفَقِيرِ أَفْقَرَه الله، فَكَمَا لَا تقولُ لمَنْ لَا أَبَ لَهُ: أَفْقَدَ اللَّهُ! أَباكَ، كَذلِكَ تَعْلم أنَّ قوْلَهم هَذَا لمَنْ لَا أَبَ لَهُ لَا حَقِيقَة لمعْناهُ مُطابِقَة للَفْظِه، وإنَّما هِيَ خارِجَةٌ مَخْرَج المَثَلِ على مَا فَسَّرَه أَبو عليَ، وَمِنْه قَوْلُ جريرٍ:
يَا تَيْمُ تَيْمَ عَدِيَ لَا أَبالَكُمُلا يَلْقَيَنَّكُمْ فِي سَوْءَةٍ عُمَرُفهذا أَقْوى دَليلٍ على أنَّ هَذَا القَوْلَ مَثَلٌ لَا حَقِيقَة لَهُ، أَلا تَرى أنَّه لَا يَجوزُ أنْ يكونَ للتَّيْم كلِّها أَبٌ واحِدٌ، ولكنَّكم كُلُّكُمْ أَهْلُ الدُّعاءِ عَلَيْهِ والإغْلاظ لَهُ؛ وشاهِدُ لَا أَباكَ، قَوْلُ أَبِي حَيَّة النُّميْري:
أَبِالْمَوْتِ الَّذِي لَا بُدَّ أَنِيمُلاقٍ لَا أَباكِ تُخَوِّفِيني؟ وأَنْشَدَ المبرِّدُ فِي الكامِلِ:
وَقد ماتَ شَمَّاخٌ وماتَ مُزَرِّدُوأَيُّ كَرِيمٌ لَا أَبَاكِ مُخَلَّدُ؟ وشاهِدُ لَا أَبالَكَ قَوْلُ الأَجْدَع:
فَإِن أَثْقَفْ عُمَيراً لَا أُقِلْهُوإن أَثْقَفْ أَبَاهُ فَلَا أَبا لَهْوقالَ زُفَرُ بنُ الحرِثِ:
أَرِيني سِلاحِي لَا أَبَالَكِ إنَّنيأَرَى الحَرْب لَا تَزْدادُ إلاَّ تَمادِياورُوِيَ عَن ابنِ شُمَيْل: أنَّه سَأَلَ الخَليل عَن قَوْلِ العَرَبِ لَا أَبَ لَكَ، فقالَ: مَعْناه لَا كافيَ لَكَ عَن نَفْسِك.
وقالَ الفرَّاءُ: هِيَ كلمةٌ تَفْصِلُ بهَا العَرَبُ كَلامَها. وقالَ غيرُهُ: وَقد تُذْكَرُ فِي مَعْرِض الذَّمِّ كَمَا يقالُ: لَا أُمَّ لَكَ، وَفِي مَعَرِض التَّعجُّبِ كقَوْلِهم: للَّهِ دَرُّكَ، وَقد تُذْكَر فِي معْنى جِدَّ فِي أَمْرِكَ وشَمِّر لأنَّ مَنْ لَهُ أَبٌ اتَّكَلَ عَلَيْهِ فِي بعضِ شأْنِهِ.
وسَمِعَ سُلَيْمانُ بنُ عبدِ المِلك أَعْرابيّاً فِي سَنَةٍ مُجْدِبةٍ يقولُ:
أَنْزِلْ علينا الغَيْثَ لَا أَبَالَكَ فحمَلَهُ سَلَيْمانُ أَحْسَن مَحْمَل، وقالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَن لَا أَبَ لَهُ وَلَا صاحِبَةَ وَلَا وَلَد.
( {وأَبو المرْأَةِ: زَوْجُها؛ عَن ابنِ حَبيبٍ.
وَفِي التّكْمِلَةِ:} والأَبُ فِي بعضِ اللُّغاتِ الزَّوْجُ انتهَى واسْتَغْربَه شيْخُنا.
( {والأُبُوُّ، كعُلُوَ: (} الأُبُوَّةُ، وهُما جَمْعانِ {للأبِ عَن اللّحْيانيِّ كالعُمُومَةِ والْخُؤُولَةِ؛ وَمِنْه قَوْلُ أَبي ذُؤَيْبِ:
لَو كانَ مِدحَةُ حَيَ أَنْشَرَتْ أَحَداً أَحْيا} أُبُوَّتِكَ الشُّمَّ الأَمادِيحُومِثْلُه قوْلُ لبيدٍ:
وأَنْبُشُ مِن تحتِ القُبورِ {أُبُوَّةً كِراماً هُمُ شَدُّوا عَليَّ التَّمائماوأَنْشَدَ القنانِيّ يمدَحُ الكِسائي:
أَبى الذَّمُّ أَخْلاقَ الكِسائِيِّ وانْتَمى لَهُ الذِّرْوة العُلْيا} الأُبُوُّ السَّوابِقُ ( {وأَبَّيْتُه} تَأْبِيَةً: قُلْتُ لَهُ! بأَبِي، والباءُ فِيهِ مُتَعلِّقةٌ بمحْذُوفٍ، قيلَ: هُوَ اسمٌ فيكونُ مَا بَعْده مَرْفوعاً تَقْديرُهُ أَنْتَ مَفْدِيٌّ بِأَبِي، وقيلَ: هُوَ فعْلٌ وَمَا بَعْده مَنْصوبٌ أَيفَدَيْتُكَ {بِأَبِي، وحذفَ هَذَا المُقدَّر تَخْفيفاً لكَثْرةِ الاسْتِعْمالِ وعِلْم المُخاطَبِ بِهِ.
(} والأَبْواءُ: ع قُرْبَ وَدَّانَ، بِهِ قَبْرُ آمِنَةَ بِنْت وهبٍ أُمِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم وقيلَ: هِيَ قَرْيةٌ مِن أَعْمالِ الفُرْع بينَ المَدينَةِ والجحفَةِ بَيْنها وبينَ المَدينَةِ ثلاثَةٌ وعِشْرونَ مِيلاً؛ وقيلَ {الأَبْواءُ جَبَلٌ على يَمِينِ آرةَ ويَمِين الطَّريقِ للمُصْعدِ إِلَى مكَّةَ مِن المَدينَةِ؛ وَهُنَاكَ بَلَدٌ يُنْسَبُ إِلَى هَذَا الجَبَل.
وقالَ السُّكَّريُّ: هُوَ جَبَلٌ مُشْرِفٌ شامخٌ ليسَ بِهِ شيءٌ مِن النَّباتِ غَيْر الخزم والبَشام وَهُوَ لخزاعَةَ وضمرَة، وَقد اخْتُلِفَ فِي تَحْقيقِ لَفْظِه فقيلَ: هُوَ فَعْلاءُ مِن} الأُبُوَّة، كَمَا يدلُّ لَهُ صَنِيعُ المصنِّفِ حيثُ ذَكَرَه هُنَا، وقيلَ: أَفْعال كأَنَّه جَمْعُ بوَ وَهُوَ الجِلْدُ، أَو جَمْعُ بُوىً وَهُوَ السَّوادُ، وقيلَ: إِنَّه مَقْلوبٌ مِن الأُوباءِ سُمِّي بذلِكَ لمَا فيهِ مِن الوَباءِ.
وقالَ ثابِتُ اللّغَويّ: سُمِّي لتبوُّءِ السُّيولِ بِهِ، وَهَذَا أَحْسَن، وسُئِلَ عَنهُ كثيِّرُ فَقَالَ: لأنَّهم تَبَوَّؤُا بِهِ مَنْزلاً.
( {وأَبَوَى، كجَمَزَى،} وأَبْوَى، كسَكْرَى، مَوْضِعانِ؛ أَمَّا الأوَّلُ: فاسمُ جَبَلٍ بالشامِ، أَو مَوْضِعٌ؛ قالَ الذّبيانيُّ يَرْثي أَخاهُ:
بَعْد ابنِ عاتِكَةَ الثَّاوِي على! أَبَوَى أَضْحَى ببلْدَة لَا عٍَ مّ وَلَا خَالِوأَمَّا الثَّاني: فاسمٌ للقَرْيَتَيْن على طَريقِ البَصْرةِ إِلَى مكَّةَ المَنْسوبَتَيْن إِلَى طَسْم وجَدِيس، قالَ المثقبُ العَبْديُّ: فإِنَّك لَو رأَيْتَ رِجالَ أَبْوَى غَدَاةَ تَسَرْبَلوا حَلَقَ الحَديدِوممَّا يُسْتدركُ عَلَيْهِ:
رجُلٌ {أَبْيانٌ، بالفتْح: ذُو} إباءٍ شَديدٍ؛ نَقَلَهُ الأزْهِريُّ.
{وأبَّاءٌ، كشَدَّادٍ: إِذا أَبَى أَنْ يُضامَ.
وتَأَبَّى عَلَيْهِ} تَأَبِّياً: امْتَنَعَ عَلَيْهِ: نَقَلَهُ الْجَوهرِيُّ.
ونُوقٌ {أَوَابٍ:} يَأْبَيْنَ الفَحْلَ.
{وَأَبَيْتَ اللَّعْنَ: من تحيَّاتِ المُلوكِ فِي الجاهِلِيَّةِ، أَي} أَبَيْتَ أنْ تَأْتيَ مَا تُلْعَنُ عَلَيْهِ وتُذَمُّ بسَببِهِ.
{وآبَى الماءُ: امْتَنَعَ فَلَا تَسْتَطِيع أَنْ تَنْزلَ فِيهِ إلاَّ بتَغْريرٍ، وَإِن نَزَلَ فِي الرَّكِيَّةِ ماتِحٌ فأَسِنَ فقد غَرَّرَ بنَفْسِه أَي خاطَرَ بهَا.
} وأُوبِيَ الفَصِيلُ {إيباءً، فَهُوَ مُوبىً إِذا سَنِقَ لامْتِلائِهِ.
وأُوبيَ الفَصيلُ عَن لَبَنِ أُمِّه: اتَّخَم عَنهُ لَا يَرْضَعها.
وقالَ أَبو عَمْرو:} الأَبيُّ المُمْتَنِعَةُ مِن العَلَفِ لسَنَقِها، والمُمْتَنِعَةُ مِن الفَحْلِ لقلَّةِ هَدَمِها.
وقَليبٌ لَا {يُؤْبَى، عَن ابنِ الأَعرابيِّ، أَي لَا يُنْزَحُ وَلَا يُقالُ يُؤْبَى.
وكَلأٌ لَا يُوبَى: لَا يَنْقطِعُ لكَثْرتِه.
وماءٌ} مُؤْبٍ: قَليلٌ؛ عَن اللَّحْيانيّ.
وقالَ غيرُهُ: يقالُ للماءِ إِذا انْقَطَعَ: ماءٌ مُؤْبٍ.
وآبَى: نَقَصَ، رَوَاهُ أَبو عَمْروٍ عَن المُفَضَّلٍ.
وَقَالُوا: هَذَا {أَبُكَ، قالَ الشاعِرُ:
سِوَى} أَبِكَ الأَدْنى وأنَّ محمَّداً عَلى كلّ عالٍ يابنَ عَمِّ محمَّدٍ وعَلى هَذَا تَثْنِيتُه {أَبانٍ على اللَّفْظِ،} وأَبَوانِ على الأَصْلِ، ويقالُ: هُما {أَبواهُ} لأَبيهِ وأُمِّه، وجائِزٌ فِي الشِّعْر: هُما {أَباهُ، وكَذلِك رأَيْتُ} أَبَيْهِ.
وَفِي الحدِيث: أَفْلَح {وأَبيهِ إنْ صَدَقَ أَرادَ بِهِ تَوْكيدَ الكَلام لَا اليَمِين، لأنَّه نَهَى عَنهُ.
} والأبُ يُطْلَقُ على العَمِّ؛ وَمِنْه قَوْلُه تَعَالَى: {نَعْبُدُ إلهَك وإلَه {آباِئكَ إبراهيمَ وإسْمَاعِيلَ وإِسْحاقِ} .
قالَ اللَّيْثُ: يقالُ فلانٌ} يَأْبُو هَذَا اليَتِيمَ {إِباوَةً، أَي يَغْذُوه كَمَا يَغْذُوه الوالِدُ وَلَدَه ويُرَبِّيه، والنِّسْبَةُ إِلَيْهِ} أَبويٌّ.
وبَيْنِي وبينَ فلانٍ {أُبُوَّةٌ.
} وتَأَبَّاهُ: اتَّخَذَهُ {أَباً؛ والاسمُ} الأُبُوَّةُ؛ وأَنْشَدَ ابنُ بَرِّي:
فإنَّكُمُ والمُلْك يَا أَهْلَ أَيْلةٍ {لَكالمُتَأَبِّي وهْو ليسَ لَهُ أَبُويقالُ: اسْتَأَبَّ أَبّاً واسْتأْبِبْ أَبّاً.
قالَ الأزْهرِيُّ: وإنَّما شُدِّد الأبُ والفعْلُ مِنْهُ، وَهُوَ فِي الأَصْل غيرُ مشدَّدٍ، لأنَّ أَصْلَ الأَبِ أَبَوٌ، فزَادَ وأَبدَلَ الواوَ بَاء كَمَا قَالُوا قِنٌّ للعَبْدِ، وأَصْلُه قِنْيٌ.
} وبَأْبَأْتُ الصَّبيَّ: {بَأْبَأَةً: قُلْتُ لَهُ} بأَبِي أَنْتَ وأُمِّي، فلمَّا سُكِّنَتِ الياءُ قُلِبَت أَلِفاً، وفيهَا ثلاثُ لُغاتٍ: بِهَمْزةٍ مَفْتوحَةٍ بينَ الباءَيْنِ، وبقَلْبِ الهَمْزةِ يَاء مَفْتُوحَة، وبإبْدالِ الأخيرَةِ أَلفاً.
وحَكَى أَبو زيْدٍ: بَيَّبْتُ الرَّجُلَ إِذا قُلْت لَهُ بأَبي؛ وَمِنْه قَوْلُ الراجز:
يَا بِأَبي أَنْتَ وَيَا فَوقَ! البيَبْ قالَ أَبو عليَ: الياءُ فِي {بَيَّبْ مُبْدلَةٌ مِن هَمْزةٍ بَدَلاً لازِماً؛ وأَنْشَدَ ابنُ السِّكِّيت: يَا} بِيبَا أَنْتَ، وَهُوَ الصَّحِيحُ ليُوافِقَ لَفْظَ البِيَبِ لأنَّهُ مُشْتقٌّ مِنْهُ.
ورَوَاهُ أَبو العَلاءِ فيمَا حكَى عَنهُ التِّبْرِيزِي: وَيَا فوقَ {البِئَبْ بالهَمْز، قالَ: وَهُوَ مركَّبٌ مِن قوْلِهم بأَبِي، فأَبْقى الهَمْزَة لذَلِكَ.
وقالَ الفرَّاءُ فِي قوْلِ هَذَا الرَّاجزِ: جَعَلُوا الكَلِمَتَيْن كالواحِدَةِ لكَثْرتِها فِي الكَلامِ.
وحَكَى اللَّحْيانيُّ عَن الكِسائي: مَا يُدْرَى لَهُ مَن أَبٌ وَمَا أَبٌ، أَي مَنْ} أَبوهُ وَمَا أَبوهُ.
ويقالُ: للَّهِ {أَبُوكَ فيمَا يَحْسُن مَوْقِعُه ويُخْمَد فِي مَعْرضِ التَّعجُّبِ والمَدْحِ، أَي أَبُوكَ للَّهِ خالِصاً حيثُ أَنْجَب بكَ وأَتَى بمِثْلِكَ.
ويَقولُونَ فِي الكَرامَةِ: لَا أَبَ لِشانِيكَ وَلَا أَبا لِشانِيكَ.
ومِن المُكَنَّى} بالأبِ، قَوْلهم: {أَبو الحَارِثِ للأَسَدِ.
} وأَبو جَعْدَةَ: للذِّئْبِ.
وأَبو حُصَيْن: للثَّعْلَب.
وأَبو ضَوْطَري: للأَحْمقِ.
وأَبو حاجِبِ: للنَّارِ.
وأَبو جُخادِب: للجَرادِ.
وأَبو بَراقِش: لطائِرٍ مُرَقَّش.
وأَبو قَلَمُونَ: لثَوْبٍ يَتَلَوَّنُ أَلْواناً.
وأَبو قُبَيْسٍ: جَبَلٌ بمكَّة.
وأَبو دراسٍ: كُنْيَة الفَرْج.
وأَبو عَمْرَة: كُنْيَةُ الجُوعِ.
وأَبو مالِكٍ: كُنْيَة الهَرَمِ.
وأَبو مثوى: لربِّ المَنْزلِ.
وأَبو الأَضْيافِ: للمِطْعامِ.
وَفِي الحديثِ إِلَى المُهاجِرِ بنَ أَبو أُمَيَّة لاشتِهارِهِ بالكُنْيَة وَلم يكنْ لَهُ اسمٌ مَعْروفٌ، لم يُجَرّ كَمَا قيلَ عليُّ ابنُ أَبو طالِبٍ.
وكانَ يقالُ لعَبْدِ مَنَاف: أَبو البَطْحاءِ لأنَّهم شَرفُوا بِهِ وعَظُمُوا بدُعائِهِ وهِدايَتِه.
ويَقُولونَ: هِيَ بنْتُ {أَبيها، أَي أنَّها شَبِيهةٌ بِهِ فِي قُوَّةِ النَّفْسِ وحدَّةِ الخُلُقِ والمُبادَرَةِ إِلَى الأشْياءِ. وَقد جاءَ ذلِكَ عَن عائِشَةَ فِي حفْصَةَ، رضِيَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُمَا
وسالمُ بنُ عبدِ اللَّهِ بن} أَبَّى الأَنْدَلُسِيُّ، كحتَّى، يَرْوِي عَن ابنِ مزين، ماتَ بالأَنْدَلُسِ سَنَة 310، ذَكَرَهُ ابنُ يونُسَ، {وأُبَي بن أبَّاء بن} أُبَىَّ لَهُ خَبَرٌ مَعَ الحجَّاج ذَكَرَهُ أَبو العَيْناءِ.
وَأُبَيُّ بنُ كَعْبٍ سَيِّدُ القُرَّاءِ بَدْرِيٌّ؛ وأُبَيُّ بنُ عمارَةَ، صَحابيَّان.
وأُبيّ بنُ عبَّاسِ بنِ سُهَيْل عَن أَبيهِ احْتَجَّ بِهِ البُخارِي؛ وقالَ ابنُ مُعِينٍ: ضَعِيفٌ.
{وآبِي الْخَسْف: لَقَبُ خُوَيْلدِ بنِ أَسَدِ بنِ عبْدِ الْعُزَّى، والِدُ خَدِيجَةَ زَوْجِ النبيِّ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم وجَدُّ الزُّبَيْرِ بنِ العوامِ بنِ خُوَيْلد، وَفِيه يقولُ يَحْيَى بنُ عرْوَةَ بنِ الزُّبَيْر:
أبٌ لي} آبي الخسْف قد تَعْلَمُونهوفارسُ معروفٍ رئيسُ الْكَتَائِب! وإِبَّيَانُ بكسْرٍ وتَشْديدِ الموحَّدَةِ: قَرْيةٌ قُرْبَ قَبْرِ يونُسَ ابنِ متَّى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام، عَن ياقوت.

بعث

1 بَعْثٌ signifies The removing of that which restrains one from free action. (TA.) [and hence,] b2: بَعَثَهُ, (S, A, &c.,) aor. ـَ (A, K,) inf. n. بَعَثٌ (Mgh, L, Msb, TA) and بَعَثٌ, (L, TA,) He sent him; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) namely, a messenger; (Msb;) and, when said of God, an apostle; (A;) [and when said of a man, a letter, &c.;] as also ↓ ابتعثه: (S, A, Msb, K:) [or] the former is said of anything that goes, or is sent, by itself; and of anything that will not go, or be sent, by itself, as a letter, and a present, one says, بَعَثَ بِهِ: (Msb:) [thus,] بَعَثَهُ signifies he sent him, or it, alone, by himself, or by itself; and بَعَثَ بِهِ, he sent him, or it, by, or with, another, or others: (L:) but El-Fárábee says that the former of these two has another signification, which will be found below; and that the latter signifies he sent him, or it. (Msb.) Hence, ضُرِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ البَعْثُ The being sent to the war was appointed them and imposed upon them as an obligation. (Msb.) You say, بَعَثَهُ لِكَذَا [He sent him for such a thing or purpose]. (A, TA.) [And بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ بِكَذَا He sent to him such a thing; lit., he sent to him a messenger with such a thing.] And بَعَثَ الجُنْدَ إِلَى الغَزْوِ [He sent the army to the war]. (TA.) And بَعَثَ عَلَيْهِمُ البَلَآءَ [He sent upon them trial, or affliction;] he caused trial, or affliction, to befall them. (TA.) b3: Also, (A, L, TA,) inf. بَعْثٌ (Mgh, L, TA) and بَعَثٌ (L) and تَبْعَاثٌ [an intensive form], (TA,) He roused him, excited him, or put him in motion or action; (A, L, Mgh, TA;) namely, anything; (TA;) [i. e. any person or animal; and particularly,] an animal lying down, or a person sitting. (L, TA.) You say, بَعَثَ النَّاقَةَ He roused, or put in motion or action, the she-camel; (S, Mgh, K, TA;) i. e., loosed the cord that bound her shank to her arm, and dismissed her; or he roused her, or made her to rise, she being lying down. (TA.) It is said in a trad. respecting 'Áïsheh, فَبَعَثْنَا البَعِيرَ فإِذَا العِقْدُ تَحْتَهُ [And we made the camel to rise, and to, the necklace was beneath him]. (TA.) You say also, بَعَثَهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ, (A,) or الشَّىْءِ, (L,) He roused him, excited him, or put him in motion or action, to do the affair, or thing: (A:) or he incited him, urged him, or instigated him, to do the thing. (L.) b4: Also, accord. to El-Fárábee, (Msb,) or بَعَثَهُ مِنْ مَنَامِهِ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. بَعَثٌ and بَعَثٌ, (TA,) He roused him, or awoke him, from his sleep; (S, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ ابتعثهُ. (TA, from a trad.) b5: بَعْثٌ (S, K, TA) and بَعَثٌ (TA) also signify The quickening, vivifying, or revivifying, of the dead; the raising of the dead to life; (S, K, * TA;) by God, (TA,) on the day called يَوْمُ البَعْثِ (S, TA) the day [of resurrection,] when those who are in the graves shall be raised. (A, Mgh.) You say, بَعَثَ اللّٰهُ الخَلْقَ, and المَوْتَى, God quickened, vivified, revivified, or raised to life, mankind, and the dead. (TA.) A2: بَعِثَ, aor. ـَ (inf. n. بَعَثٌ, TK,) He (a man, TA) was sleepless, or wakeful. (K, * TA.) [See بَعِثٌ.]5 تَبَعَّثَ see 7, in two places.6 تَبَاعَثُوا [They roused, excited, incited, urged, or instigated, one another; or put one another in motion or action; to do a thing]. One says, تَوَاصَوْا بِالخَيْرِ وَ تَبَاعَثُوا عَلَيْهِ [Enjoin ye, or charge ye, one another to do good, and rouse ye, or excite ye, &c., one another to do it]. (A.) 7 انبعث He became sent; [i. e. he went, being sent;] quasi-pass. of بَعَثَهُ, as signifying “he sent him:” (S, Msb, K:) he rose, and went away: (TA:) he rose to go forth. (Bd in ix. 46.) You say, انبعث لِكَذَا [He went, being sent, or he rose, and went away. or he rose to go forth, for such a thing or purpose]. (A, TA.) and انبعث فُلَانٌ لِشَأْنِهِ Such a one rose, and went away, to perform his affair. (TA.) And انبعث فِى

السَّيْرِ He hastened, made haste, sped, or was quick or swift, in going, journeying, or pace. (S.) And انبعث الشَّيْءُ, i. e. اِنْدَفَعَ [The thing became impelled, or propelled; or went quickly, or swiftly, as though impelled or propelled; &c.]; as also ↓ تبعّث. (TA.) [Thus] you say, انبعث المَآءُ [The water poured out, or forth, as though impelled or propelled]. (TA in art. فجر; &c.) and [hence,] مِنِّىَ الشِّعْرُ ↓ تبعّث, i. e. انبعث [The poetry issued quickly from me], as though it flowed (كَأَنَّهُ سَالَ): so in the S and K: but in some of the copies of the S, in the place of سَالَ, we find سَارَ. (TA.) And انبعث بِشَرٍّ [He broke forth with evil, or mischief]. (JK in art. بوق.) b2: [He became roused, excited, incited, urged, instigated, or put in motion or action.] You say, انبعثت النَّاقَةُ The she-camel became roused, or put in motion or action, and rose: (L, Mgh, TA: *) quasi-pass. of بَعَثَ النَّاقَةَ [q. v.]. (Mgh, TA.) And فُلَانٌ كَسْلَانٌ لَا بَنْبَعِثُ [Such a one is sluggish, lazy, or indolent: he will not become roused, &c.]. (A.) b3: He became roused, or awakened, from his sleep; or he awoke from his sleep. (TA.) 8 إِبْتَعَثَ see 1, in two places.

بَعْثٌ an inf. n. used as a pass. part. n.; Sent; as also ↓ بَعِيثٌ and ↓ مَبْعوثٌ: pl. of the first بُعُوثٌ; and of the second بُعُثٌ. (L, TA.) b2: And [used as a subst., signifying] A person sent; a messenger: pl. بَعْثَانٌ. (L.) You say also, مُحَمَّدٌ خَيْرُ

↓ مَبْعُوثٍ and ↓ مُبْتَعَثٍ [Mohammad is the best person that has been sent]. (A.) And ↓ بَعَيثُكَ نِعْمَةً, i. e. ↓ مَبْعُوثُكَ [He whom Thou (O God) hast sent (namely Mohammad) as a boon, or benefit, or favour]. (L, from a trad. [The latter word (نعمة) is written in the L without any syll. signs; but the context shows that it is in the accus. case as a specificative.]) b3: A people sent from one place to another; as also ↓ بَعَثٌ: (L, TA:) a people sent in any direction; a word similar to سَفْرٌ and رَكْبٌ. (TA.) بَعْثُ النَّارِ, occurring in a trad., means The people sent to the fire [of Hell]. (L.) b4: An army; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) because sent; (Mgh;) as also ↓ بَعَثٌ (K) and ↓ بَعِيثٌ: (TA:) pl. of the first بُعُوثٌ; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) and of the last بُعُثٌ: (TA:) the first, [as also the second,] an inf. n. used as a subst. (Msb.) You say, كُنْتُ فِى بَعْثِ فُلَانٍ

I was in the army of such a one, that was sent with him. (S.) And خَرَجَ فِى البُعُوثِ He went forth among the forces that were sent to the frontiers. (A.) b5: See also بَعِثٌ.

بُعْثٌ: see بَعْثٌ.

بَعَثٌ: see بَعْثٌ, in two places: b2: and see what next follows.

بَعِثٌ (A, L, K) and ↓ بَعْثٌ (L, TA) and ↓ بُعْثٌ, (L,) or ↓ بَعَثٌ, (TA,) Sleepless, or wakeful: (K:) a man incessantly, (A,) or often, (TA,) awaking from his sleep: (A, TA:) a man whose anxieties, or griefs, incessantly render him sleepless, or wakeful, and awake him from his sleep: pl. أَبْعاثٌ. (TA.) بَعْثَةٌ [inf. n. of un. of 1; and particularly signifying] An occasion, or occurrence, of raising, rousing, exciting, stirring up, or provoking, of sedition, or the like: pl. بَعَثَاتٌ. (TA, from a trad.) بَعِيثٌ: see بَعْثٌ, in three places.

بَاعِثٌ [act. part. n. of 1; Sending: &c. b2: and hence, Occasioning, or causing: an occasion, or a cause; and a motive]. b3: البَاعِثُ one of the names [or epithets] of God; The Quickener of mankind after death, on the day of resurrection. (TA.) البَاعُوثُ, (L, K,) or, accord. to some, البَاغُوتُ, q. v., with the pointed غ and the double-pointed ت, (TA,) [The Christian festival of Easter;] the اِسْتِسْقَآء of the Christians; (K;) or [rather] what is to the Christians as the استسقآء is to the Muslims: a Syriac word. (L.) مَبْعَثٌ [a noun of place and of time from 1; A place, and a time, of sending: &c. Hence, المَبْعَثُ is particularly applied to The time of the mission of Mohammad: and it is also applied to the mission itself]. (A, TA.) مَبْعُوثٌ: see بَعْثٌ, in three places.

مُبْتَعَثٌ: see بَعْثٌ.

بوب

1 بَابَ لَهُ, aor. ـُ (M, K,) quasi-inf. n., if there be such a verb, بِوَابَةٌ, with the و not changed into ى because it is not an inf. n. properly speaking, but a subst., (Lth, T,) He was, or became, a door-keeper, or gate-keeper, to him; (M, K;) namely, a Sultán (M) [or other person].2 بوّب [app., (assumed tropical:) He practised what are termed أَبْوَابُ الحَرْبِ, meaning the expedients, tricks, or stratagems, of war, battle, or fight. b2: And hence,] (assumed tropical:) He charged upon, attacked, or assaulted, the enemy. (AA, T.) A2: بَوَّبْتُ الأَشْيَآءَ (assumed tropical:) I made the things to be divided into distinct أَبْوَاب [meaning kinds, or sorts; or I disposed, arranged, distributed, or classified, the things under distinct heads]. (Msb.) And بوّب الأَبْوَابَ (assumed tropical:) [He disposed, arranged, distributed, classified, or set in order, the kinds, sorts, classes, chapters, heads, or the like]. (TA voce أَصَّلَ, q. v.) And بوّب المُؤَلِّفُ كِتَابَهُ (assumed tropical:) [The author disposed, or divided, his book in, or into, distinct chapters]. (A.) [See بَابٌ.]5 تبوّب, (A,) or تبوّب بَوَّابًا, (S, M, K,) He took for himself a door-keeper, or gate-keeper. (S, M, A, K.) بَابٌ, originally بَوَبٌ, (M, Msb,) A door; a gate; a place of entrance: and the thing with which a place of entrance, such as a door or gate, is closed; of wood &c.: (MF, TA:) pl. أَبْوَابٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and بِيبَانٌ (M, K) and أَبْوِبَةٌ, (S, M, K,) [a pl. of pauc., said to be] only used for conformity with another word mentioned therewith, as in the saying (of Ibn-Mukbil, so in a copy of the S), هَتَّاكُ أَخْبِيَةٍ وَ لَّاجُ أَبْوِبَةٍ

[A frequent render of tents, a frequent enterer of doors], (S, M,) not being allowable when occurring alone; (S;) but IAar and Lh assert that it is a pl. of باب without its being used for conformity with another word; (M;) and this is extr.; (M, K;) for باب is of the measure فَعَلٌ, and a word of this measure has not a pl. of the measure أَفْعِلَةٌ [by rule]. (M.) You say, بَابٌ الدَّارِ [The door of the house]; and بَابُ البَيْتِ [the door of the house, and of the chamber, and of the tent]; (Msb;) and بَابُ البَلَدِ [the gate of the town or city]. (The Lexicons &c. passim.) and Bishr Ibn-Abee-Házim assigns a باب to a grave; calling the latter a بَيْت. (M.) It is also applied to an opening, or a channel, made for water, to irrigate seed-produce: pl. أَبْوَابٌ. (Mgh.) [and in Egypt, it is applied also to A sepulchral chamber, grotto, or cave, hewn in a mountain; from the Coptic βηβ: pl. بِيبَانٌ only.] b2: Hence, i. e. in a secondary application, the primary signification being “ a place of entrance,” it is used as meaning (tropical:) A means of access, or of attainment, to a thing: (B, Kull, TK:) as in the saying, هٰذَا العِلْمُ بَابٌ إِلَى عِلْمِ كَذَا (tropical:) This science is a means of attainment to such a science. (B, TK.) b3: [And hence, (assumed tropical:) An expedient, a trick, a stratagem, or a process, by which something is to be effected pl. أَبْوَابٌ: as in أَبْوَابُ الحَرْبِ the expedients. &c. of war, battle, or fight; and بَابٌ مِنَ النُّجُومِ a process of the science of the stars, meaning astrology or astronomy; and بَابٌ مِنَ السِّحْرِ a process of enchantment; see an ex. voce سِحْرٌ. Compare Matt. xvi. 18, πύλαι ᾅδου οὐ κατισχύσουσιν αύτης, probably meaning “ the stratagems of Hell shall not prevail against it. ”] b4: [Also (assumed tropical:) A mode, kind, sort, class, or category.] Suweyd Ibn-Kuráa uses metaphorically the pl. أَبْوَاب in relation to rhymes; saying, أَتَيْتُ بِأَبْوَابِ القَوَافِى كَأَنَّمَا

أَذُودُ بِهَا سِرْبًا مِنَ الوَحْشِ نُزَّعَا (tropical:) [I gave utterance to the various kinds of rhymes as though I were driving with them a herd of wild animals desirous of the males, or of their wonted places of pasture]. (M, L.) [You say also, هُوَ مِنْ هٰذَا البَابِ (assumed tropical:) It is of this mode, kind, sort, class, or category: a phrase of frequent occurrence in lexicons &c. See also بَابَةٌ.] b5: [Also (assumed tropical:) A chapter; and sometimes a section, or subdivision, of a chapter; of a book or writing;] conventionally, (assumed tropical:) a piece consisting of words relating to matters of one kind; and sometimes, to matters of one species: (Kull:) pl. أَبْوَابٌ. (A.) See also بَابَةٌ. b6: [Also (assumed tropical:) A head, or class of items or articles, in an account, or a reckoning; as in the saying,] بَيَّنْتُ لَهُ حِسَابَهُ بَابًا بَابًا (assumed tropical:) [I explained, or made clear, to him his account, or reckoning, head by head, or each class of items or articles by itself]; a phrase mentioned by Sb: (M:) [or, sometimes,] بَابٌ (M, K) and ↓ بَابَةٌ (T, M, K) are used in relation to حُدُود [which here means the punishments so termed], and to an account, or a reckoning, (T, M, K,) and the like, (T, M,) as signifying the extreme term or limit; syn. غَايَةٌ; (M, K;) but IDrd hesitated respecting this, and therefore it is not mentioned in the S. (TA.) بَابَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A mode, or manner; syn. وَجْهٌ: (ISk, K:) pl. بَابَاتٌ. (K.) [See also بَابٌ, which has a similar, and perhaps the same, signification.] Hence, هٰذَا مِنْ بَابَتِى means (assumed tropical:) This is of the mode, or manner, that I desire; (TA;) this is suitable to me: (IAmb, TA:) and هٰذَا شَىْءٌ مِنْ بَابَتِكَ, (S,) or هٰذَا بَابَتُكَ, (A,) (assumed tropical:) this is a thing suitable to thee: (S, A:) and هٰذَا بَابَتُهُ (assumed tropical:) this is suitable to him. (K.) Accord. to most of the critics, it is tropical. (TA.) You say also, فُلَانٌ

أَهْوَنُ بَابَاتِهِ الكَذِبُ (assumed tropical:) Such a one, the lightest of the kinds (أَنْوَاع) of his wickedness is lying. (A.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A habit: a property; a quality; nature; natural disposition: or a practice; or an action: syn. خَصْلَةٌ. (Abu-l-'Omeythil, TA.) [Hence, perhaps, the last of the exs. cited above from the A.] b3: (assumed tropical:) A condition; syn. شَرْطٌ: as in the saying, هذَا بَابَةُ هٰذَا (assumed tropical:) [This is the condition of this]. (M, K. *) b4: بَابَاتُ الكِتَابِ (assumed tropical:) The lines of the book or writing: (M, A, K:) or it may mean its ↓ أَبْوَاب [i. e. chapters, or sections of chapters]: (M:) this has no sing.: (A, K:) [ISd says,] I have not heard any sing. of it. (M.) b5: See also بَابٌ; last signification.

بَوْبَاةٌ A desert; or a desert in which is no water; syn. فَلَاةٌ: (T, IJ, M, K:) as also مَوْمَاةٌ; (T, MF;) the ب being changed into م, as is often the case. (MF.) [It is mentioned in the S, and again in the K, in art. بو, as syn. with مَفَازَةٌ.]

بِوَابَةٌ The office, or occupation, of a door-keeper, or gate-keeper. (M, K.) [See 1.]

بَوَّابٌ A door-keeper, or gate-keeper. (S, * M, Msb, K, TA.) أَبْوَابٌ مُبَوَّبَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [Kinds, sorts, classes, chapters, heads, or the like, disposed, arranged, distributed, classified, or set in order,] is a phrase similar to أَصْنَافٌ مُصَنَّفَةٌ. (S.) You say also كِتَابٌ مُبَوَّبٌ (assumed tropical:) [A book disposed in, or divided into, distinct chapters]. (A.) Quasi بوج بَاجٌ; pl. أَبْوَاجٌ: see art. بأج. Az mentions it as without ء: ISk, as with ء. (ISd, TA.)

بوب: بَوَّب. بَوَّبَ الدار: جعل لها باباً (معجم البلاذري، دى يونج) وباب مبوب من خشب: باب مصنوع من خشب (معجم البلاذري).
وبَوّب الكتاب وغيره جعله أقساماً مرتبة كل قسم منها باب (انظر لين). ويقال: وذكرت الأسماء على الحروف المبوبة، أي ذكرت أسماء الأعلام مرتبة على حروف الهجاء وجعلت كلاً منها باباً (ابن الخطيب ص 4ق) ويقال: بَوّب عليه ففي المقدمة (2: 396): بَوّبوا على كل واحد منها أي صنفوا الأحاديث ورتبوها على أبواب. وفي ابن عباد 1: 202): وربما أجريت ذكر أحدهم غير مبوب عليه، أي ربما ذكرت اسم أحدهم من غير ن أجعل له باباً خاصاً.
وبَوّب: قدّر، خَمَّن، افترض (فوك).
وتَبَوَّب: تقسم إلى أبواب (فوك).
ومطاوع بَوّب بمعنى قدر، خمن، افترض (فوك).
باب: في تاريخ البربر (1: 269): عقد لأبي الحسين على حجابته وفوض إليه فيما وراء بابه: أي اتخذه حاجباً وفوض إليه إدارة قصره (وانظر ص542) - وشعب، ممر ضيق بين جبلين (معجم المتفوقات، وانظر عدة سفرات إلى بلاد البربر رقم 32) وممر ضيق (دوماس صحارى 154) وحصن في الشعب (معجم المتفرقات).
باب من السحر: نوع من أنواع السحر (لين) وفي ألف ليلة (1: 97): وحفظت منه (من السحر) مائة وسبعين باباً من أبوابه. ويقال: فتح عليه باباً أي حاول ان يسحره بنوع من أنواع السحر. ففي ألف ليلة (1: 100): وكلما افتح عليه باباً يفتح علي باباً إلى أن فتح علي باب النار.
ويستعمل الفعل ((فتح عليه)) أيضاً حين يتصل الأمر بأبواب الحرب وهي طرق الحرب وحيلها. يقال فتح عليه باباً (لين، معجم البيان، ألف ليلة 2: 111، ملر آخر أيام غرناطة 35، 27).
وباب: صنف، نوع (لين) ومن بابه: من صنفه من نوعه (بوشر) وباب: موضوع من العلم، ومسائل من العلم من صنف واحد ففي ابن الخطيب (ص31، 2: رأيت في ذلك الرق أوهاماً تدل على عدم شعوره بهذا الباب.
وفي هذا الباب: في هذا الموضوع، في هذا الغرض (بوشر). في باب فرط القسوة أي في باب القسوة تقريباً (ابن عباد 1: 242). وباب: قسم، صنف (انظر لين) وبهذا المعنى جاء في القلائد ص54 في كلامه عن ملك: ومن ورث العلى باباً فباباً.
ويقال مجازاً: واستدت في وجهي الأبواب، يريد سدت في وجهي الأبواب، أي لم استطع عمل شيء. ولهذا فان هذه الجملة تعني نفس معنى الجملة التي تقدمتها وهي: وقد غاب عني الصواب (كوسج مختار 73).
وباب: وسيلة، مدخل إلى أمر، يقال: فتح له باب: هيأ له وسيلة (بوشر) ورتبة، منزلة اجتماعية، يقال: فتش على باب، أي عن رتبة أو منزلة.
وباب: انظره في باب السعر.
وبابَ لكذا: خصه به وفتح باء بابَ يدل على أن الكالا كان يريد نفس الكلمة حين ترجم " Conveniente" ب" biba".
والباب: البلاط، مقر السلطان وحاشيته (معجم المتفرقات).
والبابان: الدنيا والآخرة (المقدمة 2: 136).
والأبواب: الباب العالي، بلاط سلطان الترك (تاريخ تونس ص104).
الباب الأعلى: البلاط (بوشر).
باب انتصار أو نصر: قوس النصر (بوشر) باب الرزق: مرتزق، حرفة (بوشر).
باب سر: باب خفية ومخرج سري (بوشر).
باب السعر: يقول المنادي حين يعرض جارية للبيع في المزاد: من يفتح باب السعر في هذه الجارية؟ أي من يعرض أول ثمن لها (ألف ليلة 2: 217) وفي ألف ليلة (3: 78) جاء التجار وفتحوا باب سعره وتزايدوا فيه.
ويقال في نفس المعنى: فتح الباب (ألف ليلة 2: 217، 1: 291) أو فتح بابها ففي ألف ليلة (1: 291) ففتح بابها المنادي أربعة آلاف دينار وخمسمائة.
ويذكر بوشر في معجمه هذه الجملة ويترجمها بما معناه: ان المنادي فتح المزاد بإعلان أربعمائة دينار وخمسمائة ثمناً لها.
ويقال حين تنقطع المزايدة على أعلى ثمن يقدمه مزايد: وقف الباب على عتبة. ففي ألف ليلة (برسل 10: 262): بلغني أن التجار تزايدوا في الجارية إلى أن بلغ ثمنها 950 دينارً ووقف الباب على عتبة. وفي طبعة ماكن: وتوقف البيع على الإيجاب والقبول.
باب السلطان: البلاط (معجم المتفرقات).
باب كبير: دار ذات حشم وخدم (بوشر).
باب كاذب: باب زائف (بوشر).
باب الكم: فتحة الكم (المعجم اللاتيني وانظر دو كانج) ففي كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص22): فقُوِّمت هكذا (وأشار ابن لُبانة فجمع باب كمه على كوعه) ولم يكشف لها ذراع.
وباب: است، شرج، باب البدن (فوك).
باب نصر، انظر: باب انتصار.
على باب الله أو على باب الكريم: على فضل الله ونعمه (بلا زاد ولا نقد) (ديسكايراك 450) بلا قصد ولا تبصر. وقد أخبرني السيد أماري ان هذه العبارة قد دخلت في اللغة الإيطالية ففيها: " alla baballa" أو " alla babballa" ومعناها: بلا قصد ولا تبصر ولا حذر.
وفي الباب: في بدء العمل، في طريق الثروة (بوشر).
وفتح له باباً حسناً: أتاح له فرصة حسنة للنجاح في العمل (بوشر).
من باب أولى: بالأحرى، وبالأجدر (بوشر).
من باب الثقة: ثقة به وبفطنته وإدراكه ونزاهته (بوشر).
من باب الكرم: تفضلاً وتبرعاً (بوشر).
بابة، كباب: صنف، طبقة (المقري 1: 559 وانظر: إضافات وتصحيحات) وفي المقري: لست من بابة أهل البلد. أي لست من صنف أهل البلد وطبقتهم.
وبابة (أسبانية): لعاب، روال (فوك، الكالا). وهي في الأسبانية bava.
وبابة (أسبانية): حلزون، قوقع، بزاق (الكالا). وهي bavaza و limaza و bavoza.
بابا وبابي: خادم (مملوك 1، 2: 194 - 195، ألف ليلة برسل 2: 187).
بُوَيْبَة: باب صغير في الباب الكبير، خوخة (بوشر). وبويبة خفية في قلعة: باب السر للنجاة تكون في قلعة أو حصن (بوشر).
بُوَبيات: تجربة أولى (بوشر).
بياب: صحراء (كرتاس 251، 252).
بَوّاب. بوّابون: حرس الباي الذين يلازمون سرادقه لحراسته (ريشاردسون مراكش 2: 216).
عنق البواب: قولون، الثاني من المعى الغليظ (بوشر).
بَوّابة: باب سري وهو باب صغير لا يمر منه في الحالات الاعتيادية (ملر، آخر أيام غرناطة 121).
وبَوّابة: جزء من الباب وهي حسب ما يقول كاترمير (مملوك 2، 2: 138) مأطورة الباب وهي ألواحه التي يحيط بها أطاره، وهذا خطأ. فقد أثبت ملر (1: 1) إنه واجهة البناء الذي يحيط بالباب الكبير وفيه الزخارف التي تحيط به - وبوابة: باب المدينة أو الزقاق (ملر 1: 1، بوشر).
وبَوّابات المدينة: أبوابها الكبيرة (بوشر).
مُبَوَّب (انظر بابة): لَعِب، الذي يسيل لعابه، مُرَوّل (الكالا).

نبج

1 نَبَجَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَبِيجٌ, He uttered a loud, or vehement voice, or cry. (TA.) b2: نَبَجَ, inf. n. نَبْجٌ, Pepedit, certo modo: (TA:) inf. n. نُبَاجٌ, crepitum ventris emisit; pepedit. (S, K.) b3: نَبَجَ, inf. n. نَبَاجٌ and نَبِيجٌ, He (a dog) barked; i. q. نَبَحَ. (S, K.) A2: نَبَجَ He mixed up, or beat up, fresh milk, with a نَبَّاجَة, until it became froth, in which state it is eaten with dates, taken up with three fingers. Only the Benoo-Asad did this. (IKh.) b2: نَبَجَ He mixed up سَوِيق &c. (TA.) نَبِيجٌ and ↓ مَنْبُوجٌ Milk mixed up, or beaten up, in the manner explained voce نَبَجَ. (IKh.) b2: نَبِيجٌ and ↓ نَابِجَةٌ A kind of food of the Arabs in the time of paganism, (in seasons of dearth, or famine, TA,) made by mixing up, and beating up, soft camel's hair (وَبَر) with milk. (K.) نَبَّاجٌ Loud, or vehement, in voice, or cry. (S, K.) b2: نَبَّاجٌ and ↓ نُبَاجِىٌّ A dog that barks much; (K;) a loud-barking dog. (S.) [See نَبَّاحٌ.]

A2: نَبَّاجٌ [The wooden implement called] a مِجْدَح, for [mixing up] سَوِيق (K) &c.; (TA;) also called مِخْوَضٌ and مِزْهَفٌ. (El-Mufaddal.) [See also نَبَّاجَةٌ.]

النَّبَّاجَةُ The anus; syn. الإِسْتُ. (S, K.) b2: كَذَبَتْ نَبَّاجَتُهُ Pepedit. (S.) b3: نَبَّاجَةٌ A wooden implement at the end of which is a thing resembling a فَلْكَة [or the round head of a spindle], with which fresh milk is mixed up, or beaten up, in the manner explained voce نَبَجَ. (IKh.) [See also نَبَّاجٌ.]

نُبَاجِىٌّ: see نَبَّاجٌ.

نَابِجَةٌ: see نَبِيجٌ.

أَنْبَجٌ and ↓ أَنْبِجٌ The fruit of a certain Indian tree, (K,) which is preserved, or made into a confection, with honey; in form like the peach, with the head edged (مُحَرَّف); [but this seems rather to apply to a kind mentioned below, resembling the almond;] it is brought to El-'Irák; and has within it a stone like that of the peach: (L:) an arabicized word, from [the Persian] أَنْبْ [or أَنَبْ]. (K.) b2: Hence ↓ أَنْبِجَاتٌ, (L,) with kesreh to the ب, Medical confections: app. an arabicized word: (S:) or confections, or preserves, made with honey, of the أُتْرُجّ and إِهْلِيلَج and the like. (L.) b3: Accord. to AHn, انبج is the name of Certain trees abounding in Arabia, in the districts of 'Omán; planted; they are of two kinds; one of these has a fruit resembling the almond, which is sweet from the commencement of its growth; the other has a fruit in appearance like the Damask plum (إِجَّاص), is at first sour, and then becomes sweet when ripe: each has a stone, and has a sweet odour: the fruit of the sour kind is pressed down in jars, or earthern pots, [حِبَاب: so I read for جباب:] while fresh, and kept until it attains to a ripe state, when it becomes as though it were the banana, in its odour and taste: the tree grows great so as to become like the walnut (جَوْز), which it resembles also in its leaves: and when it attains to perfection, the sweet [fruit] is yellow; and the bitter, [or sour,] red. (L.) أَنْبِجٌ: see أَنْبَجٌ.

أَنْبَجَانٌ Dough that has become in a state of fermentation, and inflated, or swollen, (S, K,) and sour: (TA:) in some books written with خ; but heard from the Arabs with ج, accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed and Abu-l-Ghowth and others: (S:) there is no word like it except أَرْوَنَانٌ. (S, K.) أَنْبَجَانِىٌّ: see مَنْبَجَانِىٌّ. b2: Also, A mess of broken, or crumbled, bread, (ثَرِيد,) in which is [some degree of] heat. (K.) كِسَآءٌ مَنْبَجَانِىٌّ, (S, K,) the latter word being formed after the manner of مَخْبَرَانِىٌّ and مَنْظَرَانِىٌّ, (S,) and ↓ أَنْبَجَانِىٌّ, rel. ns. of مَنْبِجٌ, each with fet-hah to the ب, contr. to analogy, (K,) the latter disallowed by IKt, but occurring in a trad. and in poetry, and not to be disallowed because contr. to analogy, since there are many such rel. ns., as مَرْوَزِىٌّ and رَازِىٌّ &c., (TA,) A certain kind of كساء, so called in relation to a place named مَنْبِجٌ: (S, K, &c.:) or كساء أَنْبَجَانِىٌّ, and أَنْبِجَانِىٌّ, which latter form is related by IAth as the one retained in the memory, a certain kind of كساء, so called in relation to a place named انبجان; of wool, having a nap, or pile, without a border; one of the meanest kinds of coarse garments: its ا, accord. to some, is an augmentative letter. (TA.) مَنْبُوجٌ: see نَبِيجٌ.

حلقم

Q. 1 حَلْقَمَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. حَلْقَمَةٌ, (TA,) He cut, or severed, his حُلْقُوم [or windpipe]; (S, K;) accord. to the K, meaning his حَلْق; but see the explanations of حلقوم below: (TA:) he slaughtered him in the manner termed ذَبْحٌ. (TA.) [Mentioned in the Msb in art. حلق.]

A2: حَلْقَمَ الرُّطَبُ [or rather البُسْرُ] (assumed tropical:) The dates began to be ripe next the base; as also حَلْقَنَ, in which the ن is asserted by Yaakoob to be a substitute for م. (TA.) Q. 3 احْلَنْقَمَ He left, or forsook, food; expl. by تَرَكَ الطَّعَامَ. (K.) حُلْقُومٌ The windpipe, or passage of the breath; (T, Mgh, TA;) by the cutting, or severing, of which, and of the مَرِىْء [or œsophagus] and وَدَجَانِ [or two external jugular veins], the lawful slaughtering of an animal is completed: (T, TA:) accord. to the S and K, [and to the Msb, in art. حلق, though it is there correctly and fully explained as meaning the windpipe,] i. q. حَلْقٌ: but in the M it is explained [agreeably with general usage] as the passage of the breath, and of coughing, from the جَوْف [or chest]; consisting of a series of successively-superimposed cartilages (أَطْبَاقُ غَرَاضِيفَ), before which, in the exterior of the throat, is nothing but skin; having its lower extremity in the lungs, and its upper extremity at the root of the tongue: from it pass forth the breath and the wind and the saliva and the voice: [see also another explanation voce حَلْقٌ, from Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán,” and the Msb:] pl. حَلَاقِمُ and حَلَاقِيمُ. (TA.) Accord. to some, the م is augmentative: accord. to others, radical. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] they say, نَزَلْنَا مِثْلَ حُلْقُومِ النَّعَامَةِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) We alighted in a strait, or confined, place. (TA.) And حَلَاقِيمُ البِلَادِ means (assumed tropical:) The strait, or confined, parts of the country, or of countries: (Mgh:) or the lateral, and extreme, parts thereof. (TA.) حُلْقَامةٌ: see what follows.

رُطَبٌ مُحَلْقِمٌ [or rather بُسْرٌ محلقم] (assumed tropical:) Dates that have begun to be ripe next the base; (K;) [or that have become ripe to the extent of two thirds; (see حُلْقَانٌ in art. حلق;)] as also مُحَلْقِنٌ: (TA:) and ↓ رُطَبَةٌ حُلْقَامَةٌ [or rather بُسْرَةٌ حلقامة (in the CK حَلْقَامَةٌ)] is applied to a single date in this sense. (K, * TA.)

شجو

1 شَجِىَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شَجًا, He was choked; or his throat, or fauces, became obstructed; (S, K;) بِهِ by it; i. e. a bone or the like. (K.) One says, عَلَيْكَ بِالكَظْمِ وَلَوْ شَجِيتَ بِالعَظْمِ [Keep thou to self-restraint though thou be choked by the bone]. (TA.) b2: And, [hence, by a metaphor, (see Har p. 33,)] aor. and inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) He grieved, mourned, or lamented; or was sorrowful, sad, or unhappy: (S, Msb:) and he was, or became, anxious, or disquieted in mind. (S.) b3: Also, aor. and inf. n. as above, said of a creditor (غَرِيم), He went away, عَنْهُ [from him]. (K. [See 4.]) A2: شَجَا بَيْنَهُمْ It was, or became, an occasion of contention, or dispute, or of disagreement, or difference, between them. (K.) A3: شَجَاهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. شَجْوٌ, (S, Msb,) [app. originally syn. with أَشْجَاهُ in the first of the senses assigned to the latter in the next paragraph: b2: and hence,] (assumed tropical:) It (anxiety, Msb) grieved him; or caused him to mourn or lament, or to be sorrowful or sad or unhappy; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اشجاهُ. (K.) And, said of wealth (الغِنَى), inf. n. شَجْوٌ, It excited his griefs, mournings, &c., and his desire. (TA.) b3: Also, and ↓ اشجاهُ, (assumed tropical:) It caused him to be mirthful, (Ks, K, TA,) and excited him. (Ks, TA.) Thus each of these verbs has two contr. significations. (K.) But MF observes that طَرَّبَهُ, the explanation here given in the K, is said by the author of the K [in art. طرب] to denote a lightness arising from joy or grief. (TA.) [Generally, however, it means as rendered above.]4 اشجاهُ, inf. n. إِشْجَآءٌ, It choked him; or caused his throat, or fauces, to be obstructed; syn. أَغَصَّهُ; (S, TA;) said of a bone lying across in the throat, or fauces. (TA.) [This is clearly shown to be the meaning in the S, as well as in the TA, intended by أَغَصَّهُ; with which it is also syn. in another sense; for] b2: It signifies [also] (assumed tropical:) It, or he, caused him to fall into grief, mourning, lamentation, sorrow, sadness, or unhappiness. (K.) See also 1, in two places. b3: Also (assumed tropical:) He subdued, overpowered, or overcame, him, (K, TA,) so that he grieved, or was sorrowful. (TA.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) He angered him. (Ks, TA.) b5: and (assumed tropical:) He made him to go away. (Az, TA.) and أَشْجَيْتُهُ عَنِّى (assumed tropical:) I gave him (i. e. a creditor or petitioner) what contented him, so that he went away. (TA.) 6 تَشَاجَتْ عَلَيْهِ, (As, T, K, * TA,) said of a woman of the desert with reference to a young man who had been dallying, and holding amorous converse, with her, (As, T, TA,) (assumed tropical:) She resisted him, and expressed grief, or unhappiness, to him, or on account of him, [i. e. on account of his advances,] saying, Alas, my grief, or my unhappiness! (As, T, K, * TA.) And said of a woman with reference to her husband, meaning (assumed tropical:) She expressed grief, &c., as above. (A, TA.) شَجًا A bone, or some other thing (S, K) of the like sort, (K,) sticking fast, (S,) or lying across, or forming an obstruction, (K,) in the throat, or fauces, (S, K,) of a human being, and of a beast; (TA;) a thing in the throat, or fauces, that [chokes one, or] prevents from swallowing: (Har p. 69:) an inf. n. used as a subst. [properly thus termed]. (Har p. 33.) b2: See also the next paragraph.

شَجْوٌ (assumed tropical:) Anxiety, or disquietude of mind; and grief, mourning, lamentation, sorrow, sadness, or unhappiness; (S;) [and] so ↓ شَجًا: thus termed because a man is choked thereby. (Har p. 33.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) A want; an object of want. (Az, K, TA.) One says, بَكَى فُلَانٌ شَجْوَهُ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one wept for his object of want]: and دَعَتِ الحَمَامَةُ شَجْوَهَا [app. (assumed tropical:) The pigeon called for its object of want]. (TA.) شَجٍ (assumed tropical:) Grieving, mourning, or lamenting; or sorrowing, sad, or unhappy; applied to a man; (S, Msb;) and شَجِيَةٌ, of the measure فَعِلَةٌ, applied to a woman: one says, وَيْلٌ لِلشَّجِى مِنَ الخَلِىِّ [mentioned and expl. voce خَالٍ, in art. خلو, where each of these epithets is written with teshdeed to the ى; and likewise in another saying there mentioned]: (S:) or, in this saying, (TA,) it signifies occupied [by anxiety or grief]; (K, TA; [in the CK, الشَّجا is erroneously put for الشَّجِى;]) and خَلِىّ means “ free [therefrom]: ” so says Az: and in this instance الشَّجِى

may mean occupied by a bone choking, or obstructing, his throat, or fauces, or by anxiety, and not having found a way of escape therefrom; or by his opponent, or adversary, whom he has been unable to withstand: (TA:) and sometimes one says ↓ شَجِىٌّ, like as one says حَزِنٌ and حَزِينٌ; though this is rare; (Msb;) it is mentioned in the 'Eyn; but شَجٍ is more known; and is said by Az to be the chaste form: (TA:) Mbr says, the ى of الخلى is with teshdeed, and the ى of الشَّجِى is without teshdeed, (S,) and sometimes this ى is with teshdeed in poetry; (S, K;) but if you make it to be from شَجَاهُ, it is ↓ شَجِىٌّ only, syn. with مَشْجُوٌّ. [i. e. grieved, &c.]; (S;) and so it is said to be by Az and Z: and Az adds, the second way of accounting for it is, that they often lengthen فَعِلٌ with a ى, saying, فُلَانٌ قَمِنٌ لِكَذَا and قَمِينٌ, and سَمِجٌ and سَمِيجٌ, and كَرٍ and كَرِىٌّ: and the third way is, that they assimilated one word in measure to another, as in الغَدَايَا وَالعَشَايَا, the [proper] pl. of غَدَاةٌ being only غَدَوَاتٌ. (TA.) شَجِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

مَفَازَةٌ شَجْوَآءُ [A desert, or waterless desert,] difficult to travel. (S, K. *) شَجَوِىٌّ, with fet-h to the ج; rel. n. of شَجٍ. (S.) شَجَوْجًى, (S, K,) of the measure فَعَوْعَلٌ [and therefore with tenween], (Mz 40th نوع, and MF and TA,) like خَجَوْجًى &c., (S, * and Mz ibid.,) and ↓ شَجَوْجَآءٌ, (K,) applied to a man, (S,) Long in the legs: (S, K:) or very tall: or very tall, with bigness (ضِخَم, in the CK ضَخْم,) of the bones: or long in the back, short in the leg; (K;) thus in the M; but Az says the reverse, i. e. long in the legs, short in the back. (TA.) b2: Also, (K,) or the former, (TA,) A bulky horse. (K.) b3: And The عَقْعَق [or magpie]; (K;) [and] so شَجَجَى; (K and TA in art. شج;) fem. with ة [i. e. شَجَوْجَاةٌ]. (K.) b4: And A wind continually blowing; as also شَجَوْجَاةٌ. (K.) All this is in the M. (TA.) شَجَوْجَآءٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

أَمْرٌ شَاجٍ An affair, or event, grieving; or causing to mourn or lament, or to be sorrowful or sad or unhappy. (TA.)

عين

عَيِنَ(n. ac. عِيْنَة
عَيَن)
a. Had large, lustrous eyes.

عَيَّنَa. Determined, defined; distinguished; marked; designated;
specified, particularized; individualized, individuated.
b. [acc. & La], Marked out for, assigned, appointed, designed for.
c. Pierced, bored.
d. Budded, bloomed; formed eyes.
e. Poured water into (skin).
f. Sold on credit.
g. Reproved to his face.
h. Stirred up (war).

عَاْيَنَa. Saw, perceived, beheld; eyed, looked at.

أَعْيَنَa. see I (c)
تَعَيَّنَa. Looked at, eyed, scanned, surveyed
scrutinized.
b. Smote with the evil eye.
c. Was clear, evident, distinct; was defined, determined
specified.
d. ['Ala], Was special, peculiar to.
e. Was confounded.
f. [Fi] [ coll. ], Enlisted in (
the army ).
إِعْتَيَنَ
a. [La]
see I (d)b. Took the choice, the best of.

عَيْن (pl.
أَعْيُن
عُيُوْن أَعْيَاْن)
a. Eye; eyesight.
b. Hole, opening, aperture; mesh; link.
c. Look, glance; view; aspect, appearance, mien; form;
physiognomy.
d. Essence, substance; the best, the choice of.
e. Self.
f. Influence of the evil eye.
g. Lord, chief.
h. (pl.
أَعْيُن
عُيُوْن), Spring, course, well.
i. Property; cash, ready money; gold.
j. Usury.
k. Sun; rays of the sun.
l. Receptacle.
m. Spy, informer.
n. Certain, sure.
o. Knowledge.
P. Might.
q. Health; safety.
r. Thirst.
s. Second radical.
t. 'Ain (letter).
عَيْنِيَّة []
a. [ coll. ], Specimen, sample;
model.
عِيْنَة []
a. The best, the choice of.
b. Fine, goodly (garment).
c. Money paid in advance.

أَعْيَن [] (pl.
عِيْن)
a. Large-eyed.
b. Black.
c. Goodly, fine (sentence).
d. Receptacle.

مَعَان []
a. Place of seeing, beholding; place of alighting.

مَعِيْن []
a. Smitten.
b. Running (water).
عَائِن []
a. see 26b. Person, being.

عِيَان [] (pl.
عُيُن
أَعْيُنَة
16t)
a. Ploughshare.
b. Clear, evident, manifest, apparent.
c. see
N. Ac.
عَاْيَنَ
(عِيْن).
عِيَانِيّ []
a. Ocular.

عَيِّنa. Tearful.
b. Receptacle.

عَيُوْن [] (pl.
عِيْن
عُيُن)
a. Evil-eyed, malignant.

الاعْيَان []
a. [art.], Notables, leaders; aristocracy.
مَعْيُوْن [ N.
P.
a. I]
see 18
مُعَيَّن [ N. P.
a. II], Determinate, definite; individuated; fixed;
particularized; special, distinct, particular.
b. Figured with eyes (garment).
c. [ coll. ], Salary.
تَعْيِيْن [ N.
Ac.
a. II], Individuation, particularization
determination.
b. Appointment.

مُعَايِن [ N.
Ag.
a. III], Spectator, observer.

مُعَايَنَة [ N.
Ac.
عَاْيَنَ
(عِيْن)]
a. Beholding, viewing; view.
مُتَعَيِّن [ N.
Ag.
a. V]
see N. P.
عَيَّنَ
(a).
b. [ coll. ], Enlisted, enrolled.

مُعْتَانٍ [ N.
Ag.
a. VIII], Explorer.

عِيَانًا
a. Visibly, manifestly, publicly, openly.

بَيْع عِيْنَة
a. A sale on credit.

لَقِيْتُهُ عِيَانًا
a. I met him face to face.

عُيُوْن البَقَر
a. A species of grape.

عُيَيْنَة عُوَيْنَة
a. A small eye.
b. Eyelet.

عُوَيْنَات
a. [ coll. ], Spectacles;
eyeglasses.
رَأَيْتُهُ عَرْض عَيْن
a. I saw him nearly, obviously.

لَقِيتُهُ أَوَّل عَيْن
a. I met him the first thing.

عَلَى عَمْدِ عَيْن
a. Purposely, intentionally; earnestly.

هُو صَدِيْق عَيْن
a. He is a friend as long as he is in sight.

صَنَعَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى عَيْن
a. He did that with care.

عَلَى الرَّأْسِ والعَيْن
a. Willingly ! With pleasure!

هُوَ عَيْنُهُ
a. It is himself.

طَلَبَ أَثَرًا بَعْدَ عَيْن
a. He left the real for the unreal.

مَا بِالدَّارِ عَيْن
a. There is no one in the house.

عَيْنُ الثَّور
a. The bull's eye ( a star in Taurus ).

عَيْنُ البَقَر
a. Buphthalmum, oxeye.

عَيْنُ الهِرّ
a. Cat's-eye (stone).
عَيْنُ الشَّمْس
a. Sun-flower.

عين

1 عَيْنٌ [app. as inf. n. of عَانَ, agreeably with analogy, (like as أَذْنٌ is of أَذَنَ, and أَنْفٌ of أَنَفَ, &c.,) aor. ـِ signifies The hitting, or hurting, [another] in the eye. (K.) b2: And The smiting with the [evil] eye: (K:) which is said in a trad. to be a reality. (TA.) You say, عِنْتُ الرَّجُلَ I smote the man with my [evil] eye. (S.) and إِنَّكَ لَجَمِيلٌ وَلَا أَعِنْكَ, meaning [Verily thou art beautiful,] and may I not smite thee with the [evil] eye; and ولا أَعِينُكَ, meaning and I will not smite thee &c. (Lh, TA.) And المَالَ ↓ تعيّن He (a man) smote the مال [i. e. cattle, or camels, &c.,] with an [evil] eye: (S:) or الأِبِلَ ↓ تعيّن, and ↓ اعتانها, and ↓ اعانها, he raised his eyes towards the camels, looking at them, and expanded his hand over his eyebrow like as does he who shades his eyes from the sun, (K, TA,) to smite them with an [evil] eye, (K, * TA,) and he so smote them. (TA) b3: عَانَ عَلَيْنَا, (S, TA,) aor. ـِ (S,) inf. n. عَيَانَةٌ; (S, TA; [in one of my copies of the S, عِيَانَة;]) and لَنَا ↓ اعتان; both signify He was, or became, a spy, or scout, for us. (S, TA.) [Golius mentions also ↓ عاين, construed with ل, in this sense, as from the S; in which I do not find it.] And one says, لَنَا مَنْزِلًا ↓ اِذْهَبْ فَاعْتَنْ, Go thou, and look for, or seek, a place of alighting for us: (S:) and Lh says the like, making the verb trans. (TA.) And ↓ بَعَتْنَا عَيْنًا يَعْتَانُنَا, and يَعْتَانُ لَنَا; (K, TA;) and يَعِينُنَا, (K, TA, but omitted in the CK,) and يَعِينُ لَنَا, (El-Hejeree, TA,) inf. n. عَيَانَةٌ, (K, TA,) with fet-h, (TA) [in the CK عِيَانَة;]) i. e. [We sent a spy, or scout, to bring us information. (K, TA.) [See also مُعْتَانٌ.] b4: عان الدَّمْعُ, and المَآءُ, (S,) inf. n. عَيَنَانٌ (S, K) and عَيْنٌ, (K, TA,) The tears, and (tropical:) the water, flowed. (S, K. *) And عَانتِ البِئْرُ, inf n.

عَيْنٌ, The well had in it much water. (TA.) b5: And حَفَرْتُ حَتَّى عِنْتُ (assumed tropical:) I dug until I reached the springs, or sources: (S, TA:) and in like manner one says, المَآءَ ↓ أَعْيَنْتُ [I reached the water]: (S:) or, accord, to the T, one say, حَفَرَ

↓ الحَافِرُ فَأَعْيَنَ and ↓ أَعَانَ. meaning [The digger dug,] and reached the springs, or sources. (TA.) A2: عَيِنَ, (K,) inf. n. عَيَنٌ, (S, * K, [not, as in the CK, with the ى quiescent.]) and عِيْنَةٌ, (Lh, * K.) [He was wide in the eye: or large and wide therein: (see أَعْيَنُ:) or ] he was large in the black of the eye, with width [of the eye itself]. (K.) 2 عيّن اللّْؤْلُؤَةَ (assumed tropical:) He bored, perforated, or pierced, the pearl; (S, K, TA;) as though he made to it an eye. (TA.) b2: عيّن القِرْبَةَ He poured water into the skin in order that the stitchholes might become closed (S, K, TA) by swelling, (S,) it being new: and سَرَّبَهَا [q. v.] signifies the same, as mentioned by As, (TA.) A2: تَعْيِينُ الشَّئِ signifies (assumed tropical:) The individuating of a thing, or particularizing it; i. e. the distinguishing it from the generality, or aggregate. (S, Msb, TA) عيّنهُ means (assumed tropical:) He individuated it, &c.: and he particularized, or specified, it by words; mentioned it particularly, or specially. And عيّن لَه كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He appointed, or prescribed, for him, or he assigned to him, particularly, such a thing: and عيّن عَلَيْهِ كَذَا He appointed against him, or imposed upon him, particularly, such a thing]. Yousay, عَيَّنْتُ المَالَ لِزَيْدٍ (assumed tropical:) I assigned the property particularly, or specially, to Zeyd. (Msb.) and أَتَيْتُ فُلَانًا فَمَا عَيَّنَ لِى بِشَئٍْ and مَا عَيَّنَنِىبِشَئٍْ

i. e. (assumed tropical:) [I came to such a one,] and he did not give me anything: (Lh, TA:) or, as some say, he did not direct me to anything. (TA.) And عَيَّنَ عَلَى السَّارِقِ (assumed tropical:) He distinguished, or singled out, the thief from among the suspected persons: or, as some say, he manifested against the thief his theft. (TA.) And عَيَّنْتُ النِّيَّةَ فِى الصَّوْمِ (assumed tropical:) I purposed the performance of a particular fast. (Msb.) b2: عيّن فُلَانًا He told such a one to his face of his vices, or faults, or the like. (I. h, S, K.) A3: عيّن الحَرْبَ بَيْنَنَا i. q. أَدَارَهَا [He, or it, stirred war, or conflict, or the war or conflicet, between us, or among us]: so in the K in the L, ادرها [perhaps for أَدَرَّهَا, but more probably, I think, for أَدَارَهَا]. (TA.) A4: عيّن الشَّجَرُ The trees became beautiful and bright, and blossomed. (K. TA.) A5: عيّن الرَّجُلُ The man took [or bought] بِالعِينَةِ i. e. السَّلَفِ [meaning for payment in advance, accord. to all the explanations that I find of السَّلَف as used in buying and selling; but accord to the TK, upon credit, i. e. for payment at a future period, agreeably with an explanation of (??_ in the A and (??) (??) thin by reason of oldness: (TA:) [or it became lacerated, or worn in holes; as is shown by what here follows.] One says also, تَعَيَّنَتْ أَخْفَافُ الأِبِلِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) The feet of the camels became lacerated [in the soles], or worn in holes, or blistered; like the water-skin of which one says تعيّن. (IAar, TA.) A6: تعيّن also signifies (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, clear, or distinct. (KL.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) It was or became, individuated, or particularized; i. e., distinguished from the generality, or aggregate. (KL,) [Thus signifying, it is quasi-pass. of عَيَّنَهُ. Hence it means (assumed tropical:) It had, or assumed, the quality of individuality. And (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, particularized. or specified, by words; mentioned particularly, or specially. And تعيّن لَهُ It was appointed, or prescribed, for him, or was assigned to him, particularly or peculiarly. And تعيّن عَلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) It was appointed against him, upon him, particularly. And hence.] one says, تعيّن عَلَيْهِ الشَّئْ, meaning لَزِمَهُ بِعَيْنِهِ, [i. e. : The thing was, or became, incumbent, or obligatory, on him in particular] (S, K.

A7: See also the next paragraph.8 إِعْتَيَنَ see 1, in tour places.

A2: اعتان الشَّئْ (assumed tropical:) He took the عَيْن of the thing, (S,) the (??) thereof. (S, TA.) [See also 8 in art. عون]) A3: And He bought the thing upon credit, for payment at a future (??) (S, Msb, (??) signifies he took (??) future time; (Mgh: [in which is expl. by the words أَخَذَ بِالعِينةِ, and in which عِينَة in a sale is expl. as meaning نَسِيْئَة;]) and so ↓ تعيّن; (KL;) [but Mtr says,] the saying تَعَيّنْ عَلَىّٰ حَرِيرًا as meaning اشْتَرِهْ بِبَيْعِ العِينَةِ I have not found. (Mgh,) [See also عيّن الرَّجُلُ expl. as meaning “ The man took بِالعينَةِ. ”]

عَيْنٌ is a homonym, applying to various things (Msb:) in the K. forty-seven (??) assigned to it; but it is said by MF that its meanings exceed a hundred; those occurring in the Kur-án are seventeen. (TA.,) By that which is app. its primary application, and which is by many affirmed to (??) (TA,) العَيْنُ signifies The eye: the organ of sight: (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA [in the S expl. by حَاسَّةُ الرُّؤْيَةِ, evidently used in this sense; in the Mgh, by المُبْصِرَةُ; in the Msb and K, by البَاصِرَةُ; and in a mater place in the K. by حَاسَّةُ الرُّؤْيَة, app. as meaning the sense of sight;]) also denoted [emphatically] by the term الجَارِحَةُ [i. e. the organ]; (TA;) it is that with which the looker sees: (ISk, TA;) and is of a human being and of any other animal: (TA;) (??) is of the fem. gender; (S, K:) and the pl. [of mult.] as عُيُونٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) also pronounced عُيونٌ, (K, [in which وَتُكْسَرُ, immediately following عُيُونٌ, has been erroneously supposed by Golius and Freytag to relate to the sing.,]) and [of pause أَعْيَانٌ and أَعْيُنٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) which last is asserted by Lh to be sometimes a pl. of mult., as it is in the Kur vii. [178 and] 194; (TA.) and pl. pl. أَعْيُنَاتٌ: (K:) the dim. is ↓ عُيَيْنَةٌ, (S.) Hence the saying in a trad. of 'Alee, قَاسَ عَيْنًا بِبَيْضَةٍ جَعَلَ عَلَيْهَا خُطُوطًا [He measured the reach of an eye by means of an egg upon which he made lines]. (Mgh.) And [hence also] one says, بِعَيْنٍ

مَّا أَرَيَنَّكَ [lit. With some eye I will assuredly see thee]: it is said to one whom you send, and require to be quick; and means (assumed tropical:) pause not for anything, for it is as though I were looking at thee. (TA. [See also art. رأى.]) And لَقِيتُهُ عَيْنَ عُنَّةٍ [I met him so that] I saw him with [or before] my eye, he not seeing me. (S, TA.) [And رَأَيْتُهُ عَيْنَ عُنَّةٍ or عُنَّةَ, which see in art. عن. And أَعْطَيْتُهُ عَيْنَ عُنَّةَ and عُنَّة, which also see in art. عن.] and رَأَيْتُهُ عَرْضَ عَيْنٍ I saw him, or it, obviously; nearly. (TA, voce عَرْضٌ, q. v.) And هَا هُوَ عَرْضُ عَيْنٍ [or عَرْضَ عَيْنٍ?] i. e. [Lo, he, or it, is] near [before thee]: and in like manner, هُوَ مِنِّى عَيْنُ عُنَّةٍ [or عَيْنَ عُنَّةٍ? i. e. He is near before me]. (K.) and لَقِيتُهُ أَوَّلَ عَيْنٍ, (S, K,) and أَوَّلَ ذِى عَيْنٍ and ↓ عَائِنَةٍ, (TA,) I met him, or it, the first thing: (S, K, TA:) and before every [other] thing; as also ↓ أَوَّلَ عَائِنَةٍ and أَدْنَى عَائِنَةٍ: (S:) or this last means the nearest thing perceived by the eye. (TA.) And فَعَلْتُ ذَاكَ عَمْدَ عَيْنٍ and عَمْدًا عَلَى

عَيْنٍ (assumed tropical:) I did that purposely, with seriousness, or earnestness, and certainty: (S:) or صَنَعَ ذٰلِكَ عَلَى

عَيْنٍ and عَلَى عَيْنَيْنِ, (K, TA,) and عَمْدَ عَيْنٍ and عَمْدَ عَيْنَيْنِ, (K,) or عَلَى عَمْدِ عَيْنٍ and عَلَى عَمْدِ عَيْنَيْنِ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He did that purposely, (Lh, K, TA,) with seriousness, or earnestness, and certainty. (K.) And هُوَ عَبْدُ عَيْنٍ (tropical:) He is like the slave to thee as long as thou seest him, (S, K, * TA,) but not when thou art absent; and so هُوَ عَبْدُ العَيْنِ: (S:) or he is a man who pretends, or feigns, to thee, his doing that which he does not perform: (TA:) and (K, TA) in this sense, (TA,) one says also, هُوَ صَدِيقُ عَيْنٍ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [He is a friend, or a true friend,] as long as thou seest him: (K, TA:) and هُوَ أَخُو عَيْنٍ (assumed tropical:) He is one who acts as a friend hypocritically with thee. (TA.) أَنْتَ عَلَى عَيْنِى is said in relation to honouring and protecting: (S, K, TA:) [accordingly I would render it (tropical:) Thou art entitled to be honoured and protected by me above my eye: for the eye is esteemed the most excellent of the organs, (as is said in this art. in the TA,) and it is that which most needs protection:] أَنْتَ عَلَى رَأْسِى is said in relation to honouring only. (TA.) And the Arabs say, عَلَى

عَيْنِى قَصَدْتُ زَيْدًا, meaning thereby the regarding with solicitude mixed with fear [so that I would render it (assumed tropical:) As one to be regarded with solicitude mixed with fear above my eye I made Zeyd the object to which my mind was directed]. (TA.) [See another ex. of عَلَى عَيْنِى (in which it cannot be rendered as above) in a later part of this paragraph.] نَعِمَ اللّٰهُ بِكَ عَيْنًا [in the CK نَعَّمَ, which is wrong,] means the same as أَنْعَمَهَا. (K. [See both in art. نعم.]) قُرَّةُ العَيْنِ [signifying مَا قَرَّتْ بِهِ العَيْنُ, as expl. in the M and K in art. قر, i. e. That by which, or in consequence of which, the eye becomes cool, or refrigerated, or refreshed, &c.,] is a phrase used as meaning (assumed tropical:) A man's child or offspring. (TA.) فَقَأَ عَيْنَهُ [properly signifying He put out his eye, or blinded it, &c.,] means [sometimes] (tropical:) he struck him; or struck him vehemently with a broad thing, or with anything; or slapped him with his hand: (صَكَّهُ:) or he was rough, rude, or ungentle, to him in speech. (TA.) اَلَّذِى فِيهِ عَيْنَاكَ means Thy head. (TA. [There mentioned preceded by لاتحرمَن: thus dubiously, and perhaps incorrectly, written. What is means, or should be, I know not.]) b2: عَيْنُ الثَّوْرِ (assumed tropical:) (The eye of the Bull;] the great red star [a] that is upon the southern eye of Taurus, and also [more commonly] called الدَّبَرَانُ. (Kzw, Descr. of Taurus.) [and عَيْنُ الرَّامِى (assumed tropical:) The eye of Sagittarius; app. the two stars v, on the eye thereof.] b3: عَيْنُ البَقَرِ (assumed tropical:) [The buphthalmum, or ox-eye;] the [plant called] بَهَار [q. v.]. (S in art. بهر.) And عُيُونُ البَقَرِ (tropical:) A sort of grapes, (S, K, TA,) black, (K, TA,) but not intensely so, large in the berries, (TA,) and round, (K, TA,) which are converted into raisins, and are not very sweet: so says AHn: thus called as being likened to the eyes of the animals termed بَقَر: (TA:) they are found in Syria: (S:) or said by some to be peculiar to Syria. (TA.) and Certain black إِجَّاص [or plums]: (K, TA:) thus called for the same reason. (TA.) b4: عَيْنُ الهِرِّ (assumed tropical:) [Cat's-eye;] a certain stone, well known, of no utility. (TA.) A2: [فَتَحَ هَيْنَ النَّارِ means (assumed tropical:) He made an opening in the live coals of the fire, that had become compacted; in order that it might burn up well. (See 1 in art. سخو and سخى.)] b2: and عَيْنٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) The عَيْن [i. e. eye] of the needle: such as is narrow is termed عَيْنُ صَفِيَّة [in which the latter word is app. a proper name, and, as such and of the fem. gender, imperfectly decl., i. e., in this case, written صَفِيَّةَ]. (TA.) b3: Also, as being likened to the organ [of sight] in form, or appearance, (tropical:) A [small round hole or] place of perforation in a [leathern water-bag such as is called] مَزَادَة. (TA.) And (tropical:) Thin circles, or rings, or round places, in a skin, (S, K, TA,) which are a fault therein, (S, TA,) like أَعْيُن [or eyes; or one of such thin circles &c.]; being likened to the organ [of sight] in form. (TA.) [See 10.] And (K) (tropical:) A fault, or defect, (K, TA,) of this description, in a skin. (TA.) b4: And (tropical:) The small hollow or cavity of the knee; (S, K; in [some of] the copies of the latter of which, الرَّكِيَّة is erroneously put for الرُّكْبَة; TA;) likened to the socket of the eye: (TA:) each knee has عَيْنَانِ [i. e. two small hollows or cavities, the articular depressions for the condyles of the femur], in the fore part thereof, at [the joint of] the سَاق. (S, TA.) b5: And (tropical:) The piece of skin [or small leathern receptacle] in which are put the بُنْدُق [or bullets] (K, TA) that are shot from the قَوْس [app. meaning the large kind of cross-bow, called balista, or ballista]: (K, * TA:) likened to the organ [of sight] in form. (TA.) b6: [In the B, accord. to the TA, it is also expl. as meaning the سنام: but this, I think, is most probably a mistranscription for سَام (q. v.) as signifying (assumed tropical:) The hollow, or cavity, in the ground, thus called, in which water remains, or stagnates, and collects.] And (tropical:) The place [or aperture] whence the water of a قَنَاة [i. e. pipe, or the like,] pours forth: (K, TA:) as being likened to the organ [of sight] because of the water that is in it. (TA.) And, (K, TA,) for the same reason, (TA,) (tropical:) The place whence issues the water of a well. (TA.) And, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) for the same reason, as is said by Er-Rághib, (TA,) (tropical:) The عَيْن, (S, Msb,) or source, or spring, (K, TA,) of water, (S, Msb, K, TA,) that wells forth from the earth, or ground, and runs: (TA:) [and accord. to the Msb, it app. signifies a running spring:] of the fem. gender: (TA:) pl. عُيُونٌ and أَعْيُنٌ, (Msb, K,) and accord. to ISk, sometimes the Arabs said, as a pl. thereof, أَعْيَانٌ, but this is rare. (Msb.) Hence a saying, in a trad., cited and expl. voce سَاهِرٌ. (TA.) Also (assumed tropical:) Abundance of water of a well. (TA.) And A drop of water. (TA.) عَيْنُ المَآءِ, [originally signifying “ the source of water,”] accord. to Th, means (assumed tropical:) Life for men; thus in the following verse: أُولَائِكَ عَيْنُ المَآءِ فِيهِمْ وَعِنْدَهُمْ مِنَ الخِيفَةِ المَنْجَاةُ وَالمُتَحَوَّلُ (assumed tropical:) [Those, life for men is among them; and with them are the means of safety, and the place of removal, from fear]: accord. to the A, عَيْنُ المَآءِ فِيهِمْ means good, or means of attaining good, and provision of corn, or abundance of the produce of the earth, are among them. (TA.) b7: Also (assumed tropical:) The عَيْن [meaning eye, or bud, (thus called in the present day,)] of a tree. (Es-Subkee, TA.) b8: [and (tropical:) Sprouting herbage; as being likened to the eye or eyes:] one says, نَظَرَتِ البِلَادُ بِعَيْنٍ or بِعَيْنَيْنِ [lit. (tropical:) The lands looked with an eye or with two eyes], meaning, had their herbage come forth: (K:) or it is said when their herbage comes forth: or, as in the A, when that which cattle depasture comes forth without [as yet] becoming firm [in the ground, or firmly rooted]: taken from the saying of the Arabs, إِذَا سَقَطَتِ الجَبْهَةُ نَظَرَتِ الأَرْضُ بِإِحْدَى عَيْنَيْهَا فَإِذَا سَقَطَتِ الصَّرْفَةُ نَظَرَتْ بِهِمَا جَمِيعًا (assumed tropical:) [lit. When El-Jebheh (the 10th Mansion of the Moon) sets aurorally (i. e. about the 11th of Feb., O. S.), the land looks with one of its eyes; the, when Es-Sarfeh (the 12th Mansion) sets aurorally (about the 9th of March), it looks with both of them]. (TA. [See also art. نظر.]) A3: عَيْنٌ also, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) as being likened to the organ of sight, (TA,) signifies (tropical:) A spy; and ↓ ذُو العُيَيْنَتَيْنِ [in the CK ذُو العَيْنَتَيْنِ], in like manner, signifies the spy, (S, K, TA,) and ↓ ذُو العُوَيْنَتَيْنِ likewise, and ذُو العَيْنَيْنِ: (TA:) he who looks for a people, or party: (M, TA:) the watcher, or observer; (S, * K, * TA;) or the scout: (S, * Msb, K, * TA:) masc. and fem.: (M, TA:) accord. to the opinion of ISd, made by some to accord with a part [i. e. the eye], and therefore fem.; and by some, to accord with the whole [person], and therefore masc.: (TA:) pl. عُيُونٌ and أَعْيُنٌ, and, accord. to ISk, sometimes أَعْيَانٌ. (Msb.) b2: And i. q. مُكَاشِفٌ [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) A discoverer, or revealer, of tidings &c.]. (Es-Subkee, TA.) A4: [And (assumed tropical:) An eye as meaning a look, i. e. an act of looking: and hence, a stroke of an evil eye: or, simply, an evil eye: a meaning of frequent occurrence.] أَصَابَتْ فُلَانًا عَيْنٌ (assumed tropical:) [An evil eye smote such a one] is said of a person when an enemy or an envier has looked at him and produced such an effect upon him that he has fallen sick in consequence thereof (TA.) [عَيْنُ الكَمَالِ is applied to an eye believed to have the power of killing by its glance: see an ex. voce فَقَأَ.] b2: And (assumed tropical:) Sight with the eye [or before the eyes; or ocular view]: thus in the saying, لَا أَطْلُبُ أَثَرًا بَعْدَ عَيْنٍ (assumed tropical:) [I will not seek a trace, or vestige, (or, as we rather say in English, a shadow,) after an ocular view]: (S, TA:) or the meaning is, after suffering a reality, or substance, to escape me: (Har pp. 120 and 174: [this latter rendering being agreeable with explanations of عَيْنٌ which will be found in a later part of this paragraph:]) i. e. I will not leave the thing when I see it ocularly, and seek the trace or vestige, thereof, after its [the thing's] disappearing from me: and the origin of it was the fact that a man saw the slayer of his brother, and when he desired to slay him, he [the latter] said, “ I will ransom myself with a hundred she-camels; ” whereupon he [the other] said, لَسْتُ

أَطْلُبُ أَثَرًا بَعْدَ عَيْنٍ; and slew him: (TA:) it is a prov., thus, or, as some relate it, لَا تَطْلُبْ. (Har p. 120.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) Look, or view. (K, TA.) It is said in the Kur [xx. 40], وَالتُصْنَعَ عَلَى عَيْنِى, (S, TA,) and it has been expl. as there having this meaning [i. e. (assumed tropical:) And this I did that thou mightest be reared and nourished in my view], as in the B; or, as Th says, that thou mightest be reared where I should see thee: (TA:) or the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) in my watch, or guard, (Bd, * Jel,) and my keeping, or protection. (Jel. [It is implied by the context in the S, that عَلَى عَيْنِى is said in this instance in relation to honouring and protecting, as it is in a phrase mentioned in the first quarter of this paragraph; but my rendering of it there is obviously inapplicable here. See also 1 in art. صنع.]) And in like manner it has been expl. as used in the Kur [xi. 39], وَاصْنَعِ الْفُلْكَ بِأَعْيُنِنَا (assumed tropical:) [And make thou the ark in our view]. (TA.) [In like manner, also,] فَأْتُوا بِهِ عَلَى أَعْيُنِ النَّاسِ, in the Kur [xxi. 62], means عَلَى مَنْظَرِهِمْ (assumed tropical:) [i. e. Then bring ye him in the view of the people; منظر being here evidently an inf. n.]; (B, TA:) or [bring ye him] openly, or conspicuously. (Jel.) A5: And (assumed tropical:) The مَنْظَر [as meaning aspect, or outward appearance], (S, K,) and شَاهِد [meaning the same as being an evidence of the intrinsic qualities], (S,) of a man. (S, K.) So in the saying of El-Hajjáj to El-Hasan [ElBasree, when he (the former) had asked مَا أَمَدُكَ

“ What was the time of thy birth? ” and the latter had answered (see أَمَدٌ)], لَعَيْنُكَ أَكْبَرُ مِنْ أَمَدِكَ (assumed tropical:) [Verily thy aspect is greater than thy age], أَمَدِكَ meaning سِنِّكَ. (S.) And it is said in a prov., إِنَّ الجَوَادَ عَيْنُهُ فُرَارُهُ (assumed tropical:) [Verily the fleet and excellent horse, his aspect is (equivalent to) the examination of his teeth]: (S, TA: [accord. to the latter, عَيْنُهُ meaning شَاهِدُهُ:]) i. e. his external appearance renders it needless for thee to try him and to examine his teeth. (S and K in art. فر, q. v.) A6: Also, [by a synecdoche, as when it means “ a spy,”] (assumed tropical:) A human being: (K:) and any one: (S, K:) [in which sense, as when it means “ a spy,” it may be masc. or fem.:] and human beings: (S:) or a company [of people]; (K;) as also ↓ عَيَنٌ: (S, K:) and the people of a house or dwelling: (K:) and so ↓ عَيَنٌ; (S, K;) and the people of a town or country; as also ↓ عَيَنٌ. (K.) One says, مَا بِهَا عَيْنٌ (assumed tropical:) There is not in it any one; (S, K, TA;) [i. e. بِالدَّارِ in the house, or dwelling;] as also ↓ عَيَنٌ, (TA,) and ↓ عَائِنٌ, (S, TA,) and ↓ عَائِنَةٌ: (TA:) and مَا بِهَا عَيْنٌ تَطْرِفُ [virtually meaning the same, but fit. There is not in it an eye twinkling]. (TA.) And ↓ مَا رَأَيْتُ ثَمَّ عَائِنَةً i. e. (assumed tropical:) [I was not there] a human being. (TA.) And بَلَدٌ قَلِيلُ العَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) [A town, or country,] having few human beings, (S.) or few people. (TA.) A7: and (assumed tropical:) A lord, chief, or chief personage: (K, TA:) in [some of] the copies of the K, السدّ or الشدّ is erroneously put for السَّيِّدُ: (TA:) the great, or great and noble, person of a people or party: (K, TA:) and the head, chief, or commander, of an army: (TA:) the pl. is أَعْيَانٌ: (TA:) which signifies [lords, chiefs, or chief personages: &c.: and] the eminent, or high-born, or noble, individuals (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) of a people, or party, (S, Mgh,) or of men; (Msb;) and the most excellent persons. (TA.) b2: Hence, (Mgh, Msb,) as pl. of عَيْنٌ, (K,) أَعْيَانٌ signifies also ا Brothers from the same father and mother: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) this brotherhood is termed ↓ مُعَايَنَةٌ: (S, K:) and أَوْلَادُ الأَعْيَانِ means the sons of the same father and mother. (Msb in art. عل. [See عَلَّةٌ.]) b3: Also. the sing., (assumed tropical:) The choice, or best, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) of a thing, (S, K,) or of goods, or household-goods, or furniture and utensils, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) and of camels, or cattle, or other property, (TA,) and so ↓ عِينَةٌ, (S, K, TA,) of which the pl. is عِيَنٌ, (TA,) like عِيمَةٌ: (S:) ↓ عِينَةُ الخَيْلِ signifies (assumed tropical:) the fleet and excellent of horses. (Lh, TA.) And (assumed tropical:) Highly prized, in much request, or excellent. (TA.) And, as applied to a deenár, (assumed tropical:) Outweighing, so that the balance inclines with it. (TA.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) i. q. مَالٌ, (K, TA,) [i. e. Property, or such as consists of camels or cattle,] when of a choice. or of the best, sort. (TA.) A8: and (assumed tropical:) Such as is ready, or at hand, (K, TA,) present, (TA,) or within one's power, or reach, (S, TA,) of property. (S, K, TA.) And (assumed tropical:) Anything present, or ready, (K, TA,) found before one. (TA.) You say, بِعْتُهُ عَيْنًا بِعَيْنٍ (assumed tropical:) I sold it ready merchandise for ready money. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) Ready money; cash: or simply money: syn. نَقْدٌ: (T, Mgh, Msb, TA:) not عَرْضٌ [q. v.]: (Mgh:) and sometimes, دَرَاهِمُ. (Msb.) So in the saying عَيْنٌ غَيْرُ دَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) [Ready money, not debt]. (TA.) And [hence also] one says, اِشْتَرَيْتَ بِالدَّيْنِ أَوْ بِالعَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) [Didst thou buy on credit or with ready money?]. (Msb.) b3: And ا A present gift. (Mgh, TA.) So in the saying (Mgh, TA) of a rájiz (TA) satirizing a man, (Mgh,) وَعَيْنُهُ كَالكَالِئِ الضِّمَارِ [And his present gift is a thing not hoped for, like the unseen debt of which the payment is deferred by the creditor:] meaning, his present gift is like the absent that is not hoped for. (Mgh, TA.) [And hence, app.,] أَصَابَتْهُ عَيْنٌ مِنْ عُيُونِ اللّٰهِ, occurring in a trad., means, خَاصَّةٌ مِنْ خَوَاصِّ اللّٰهِ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) A particular, or special, gift of God betided him]. (TA.) b4: Also (assumed tropical:) A deenár: (S, K:) or deenárs; (Az, TA;) [i. e.] coined gold; (Mgh, Msb; *) different from وَرِقٌ [which signifies “ coined silver or “ dirhems ”]. (Mgh.) They said, عَلَيْهِ مِائَةٌ عَيْنًا (assumed tropical:) [On him is incumbent the payment of a hundred deenars]: but properly one should say عَيْنٌ, because it is identical with what precedes it (Sb, TA.) b5: And The half of a dánik [app. deducted] from seven deenars: (K, TA:) mentioned by Az. (TA.) b6: And (tropical:) Gold, (K, TA,) in a general sense; as being likened to the organ [of sight], in that the former is the most excellent of the metals, like as the latter is the most excellence of the organs. (TA.) A9: And (tropical:) The sun itself; (A, K, TA;) as being likened to the organ [of sight], because the former is the most noble of the stars, like as the latter is the most noble of the organs. (TA:) or (K, TA) the عَيْن of the sun; (S, Msb, TA;) i. e. the شُعَاع thereof; (K, TA,) [meaning its rays, or beams,] upon which the eye will act remain fixed: (TA:) or [more commonly] the عَيْن means the قُرْص [q. v., that is disk] of the sun. (KL.) [Using it in the first of these senses.] one says, طَلَعَتِ العَيْنُ (tropical:) [The sun rose], and غَابَتِ العَيْنُ [The sun set]. (Lh, TA.) A10: And (assumed tropical:) A thing's نَفْس [i. e. its self]; (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) and its ذَات [which means the same]; (K, TA:) and its شَخْص, which means nearly, or rather exactly, the same as its ذات; (TA;) [and likewise a man's person, as does also ↓ عِيَانٌ, (see exs. in Har pp. 20 and 45,) and the material substance of a thing;] and its أَصْل [as meaning its essence, or constituent substance]: (TA:) pl. أَعْيَانٌ, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) not أَعْيُنٌ nor عُيُونٌ. (Mgh, TA.) One says, هُوَ هُوَ عَيْنًا and هُوَ هُوَ بِعَيْنِهِ (assumed tropical:) (It is it itself, or he is he himself]: (S, TA:) بِ when prefixed to عَيْن, [thus] used as a corroborative, being redundant. (Mughnee in art. بِ.) and لَا آخُذُ إِلَّا دِرْهَمِى بِعَيْنِهِ (assumed tropical:) [I will not take aught save my dirhem itself]. (S.) And أَخَذْتُ مَالِى

بِعَيْنِهِ (assumed tropical:) I took my property itself. (Msb.) and هذِهِ أَعْيَانُ دَرَاهِمِكَ (Lh, TA) and دَرَاهِمُكَ بِأَعْيَانِهَا (Lh, Mgh, * Msb, TA) (assumed tropical:) These are thy dirhems themselves]. And هُمْ إِخْوَتُكَ بِأَعْيَانِهِمْ (assumed tropical:) [They are thy brothers themselves]. (Msb.) And عَيْنُ الرِّبَا occurs in a trad. as meaning (assumed tropical:) Usury itself. (TA.) [مَوْضِعٌ بِعَيْنِهِ, a phrase very frequently occurring in the L and TA &c., means (assumed tropical:) A certain, or particular, place: and in a similar manner بِعَيْنِهِ is used after the mention of a plant &c.] One says also جَآءَ بِالأَمْرِ مِنْ عَيْنٍ صَافِيَةٍ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [He brought forth, brought to light, or declared, the affair] from its very essence. (TA.) And بِالحَقِّ بِعَيْنِهِ means (assumed tropical:) With truth, clearly and manifestly. (TA.) [In grammar, اِسْمُ عَيْنٍ means (assumed tropical:) A real substantive; the name of a real thing; also termed اِسْمُ ذَاتٍ; and sometimes termed عَيْنٌ alone: opposed to اِسْمُ مَعْنًى i. e. an ideal substantive.]

A11: عَيْنٌ ثَاقِبَةٌ means (assumed tropical:) Certain, or sure, news or information. (A and TA in art. ثقب.) A12: And العَيْنُ [sometimes] signifies (assumed tropical:) Knowledge; [or rather sure, or certain, and manifest, knowledge;] which is also termed عَيْنُ اليَقِينِ. (TA.) A13: And (assumed tropical:) Might (العِزُّ). (TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) Health and safety (العَافِيَةُ). (TA.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) Thirst; and so الغَيْنُ. (TA in art. غين.) A14: And (assumed tropical:) The صُورَة [which generally means form, or the like: but it has many other significations; one of which is essence, before mentioned as a meaning of عَيْنٌ]. (TA.) A15: And it signifies also النَّاحِيَةٌ [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) The part, or point, towards which one directs himself]: (K, TA:) or, accord. to some, particularly that of the قِبْلَة [i. e. that towards which one directs his face in prayer]: (TA:) [or] it signifies also the true direction of the قِبْلَة: (K, TA:) or the part that is on the right of the قِبْلَة of El-'Irák: [whence] one says, نَشَأَتِ السَّحَابَةُ مِنْ قِبَلِ العَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) [The cloud rose from the part on the right of the قبلة of El-'Irák]: (S: [see also خَسْفٌ:]) or this means, from the direction of the قبلة of El-'Irak; and the Arabs say that this scarcely ever, or never, breaks its promise [of giving rain]: when it rises from the direction of the sea, and then goes northward, one says عَيْنٌ غُدَيْقَةٌ; and this is usually most disposed to rain: (TA:) غُدَيْقَة is a dim. of magnification, meaning abounding with water. (TA in art. غدق.) Also (assumed tropical:) The clouds (سَحَاب) that have come from the direction of the قِبْلَة: (K, * TA:) or, from the direction of the قبلة of El-'Irák: or, from the right thereof: (K, TA:) and it is said in the B to signify [simply] السَّحَابُ [the clouds]; (TA;) and so الغَيْنُ. (TA in art. غين.) And, accord. to Th, مَطَرُ العَيْنِ signifies (assumed tropical:) The rain that is from the direction of the قِبْلَة: or, from the direction of the قبلة of El-'Irák: or, from the right thereof. (TA.) The saying of the Arabs مُطِرْنَا بِالعَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) [We were, or have been, rained upon by the عين] is allowed by some, but disapproved by others. (TA.) b2: And [hence, app.,] (assumed tropical:) The rain that continues during some days, (S, K, TA,) some say five, and some say six, or more, (TA,) without clearing away. (S, K, TA.) A16: عَيْنٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) Usury; syn. رِبًا; (K, TA; [see also عَيْنُ الرِّبَا above;]) and so ↓ عِينَةٌ. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) An inclining in the balance; (Kh, Mgh, K, TA;) said to be the case in which one of the two scales thereof outweighs the other: (TA:) one says, فِى المِيزَانِ عَيْنٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) In the balance is an unevenness; (S, TA;) a little inclining in the tongue thereof: and the word is fem. (TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) The tongue [or cock, itself,] of the balance. (TA.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A scale of a balance; i. e. either of the two scales thereof. (TA.) Also (assumed tropical:) A small بَيْت [meaning partition, or part divided from the rest,] in a chest. (TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) A مِحَشَّة [app. meaning a thing in which حَشِيش, or dry herbage, is put]. (TA.) b3: [And (assumed tropical:) Either half, or one side, of a خُرْج, or pair of saddle-bags.] And A certain bird, (K, TA,) yellow in the belly, أَخْضَر [generally in a case of this kind meaning of a dingy, or dark, ash-colour or dust-colour] in the back; of the size of the [species of collared turtle-dove called]

قُمْرِىّ. (TA.) Also (assumed tropical:) [The letter ع;] one of the letters of the alphabet, (S, K,) of those termed حَلْقِيَّة and مَهْجُورَة. (K. [See art. ع.]) b2: and (assumed tropical:) The middle [radical letter] of a word [of the triliteral-radical class; the root of such a word being represented by فعل]. (TA.) b3: In the calculation by means of the letters ا, ب, ج, د, &c., it denotes Seventy. (TA.) عِينٌ, originally عُيْنٌ, pl. of أَعْيَنُ [q. v.]: (S, K: *) A2: and also, (as a contraction of عُيُنٌ, IB, TA,) pl. of عِيَانٌ: (AA, S, IB:) [and of عَيُونٌ.]

عَيَنٌ The quality denoted by the epithet أَعْيَنُ [q. v.; i. e. width in the eye; &c.]; (S;) and so ↓ عِينَةٌ. (Lh, TA.) [See also 1, last sentence; where both are mentioned as inf. ns.]

A2: See also عَيْنٌ, in the third quarter of the paragraph, in four places.

A3: And see the paragraph here following.

عِينَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph. b2: Also The part that surrounds the eye of a ewe; (K, TA;) like the مَحْجِر of a human being. (TA.) b3: And Goodly appearance: so in the saying, هٰذَا ثَوْبُ عِينَةٍ [This is a garment of goodly appearance]. (S, K) b4: See also عَيْنٌ, latter half, in three places. b5: Also i. q. سَلَفٌ [in buying and selling; i. e. Any money, or property, paid in advance, or beforehand, as the price of a commodity for which the seller has become responsible and which one has bought on description: or payment for a commodity to be delivered at a certain future period with something additional to the equivalent of the current price at the time of such payment: or a sort of sale in which the price is paid in advance, and the commodity is withheld, on the condition of description, to a certain future period: but it seems to be in most cases used in one or another of the senses expl. in what here follows]. (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA.) and one says, بَاعَهُ بِعِينَةٍ meaning بِنَسِيْئَةٍ [i. e. He sold it upon credit, for payment at a future time]: (A, Mgh: [see 8:]) or, as some say, [and more commonly,] العِينَةُ is the buying what one has sold for less than that for which one has sold it: and ↓ العَيَنُ signifies the same: (Mgh:) or, accord. to Az, the selling a commodity for a certain price to be paid at a certain period, and then buying it for less than that price with ready money: [see 2, last quarter:] this is unlawful when the buyer makes it a condition with the seller that he shall buy it for a certain price; but when there is no condition between them, it is allowable accord. to Esh-Sháfi'ee, though forbidden by some others; and he used to call it the sister of usury: and the sale of a commodity by the purchaser [thereof upon credit] to other than the seller of it, on the spot (lit. in the sitting-place), is also termed عِينَةٌ; but is lawful by common consent: (Msb:) or it is the case of a man's coming to another man to ask of him a loan, which the latter does not desire to grant, coveting profit, which is not to be obtained by a loan, wherefore he says, “I will sell to thee this garment for twelve dirhems upon credit, for payment at a certain time, and its value is ten [which thou mayest obtain by selling it for ready money]. ” (KT: in some copies of which the word thus expl. is [erroneously] written العَيْنِيَّةُ instead of العِينَةُ.) [See also زَرْنَقَةٌ. The word is generally held to be derived from عَيْنٌ as signifying “ ready money ” or “ ready merchandise. ”] b6: Also The مَادَّة [meaning accession to the strength or forces] of war: (K, * TA:) used in this sense in a verse of Ibn-Mukbil [in which it is shown to be so used as being likened to the accession, to the quantity of milk, which has collected and become added to that previously left in the udder: see مَادَّةٌ]. (TA.) لَقِيَهُ عِيَنَةً: see 3.

عَيْنُونٌ A certain plant, found in El-Andalus, that attenuates the humours of the body, when cooked with figs. (TA.) عِيَانٌ an inf. n. of 3. (S, Msb.) b2: [And Clear, evident, manifest, open, or public: thus, by the Pers\. word اَشْكَارْ, the KL explains عيان, which, in my copy of that work, is written عَيَان, evidently, I think, a mistranscription for عِيَان, an inf. n. of 3, used in the sense of a pass. part. n., agreeably with a well-known license, lit. meaning ocularly seen: see ضِمَارٌ, under which I have rendered its contrary by “ unseen; not apparent. ”] b3: See also عَيْنٌ, latter half.

A2: Also A certain iron thing among the appertenances of the فَدَّان, (S, K,) or فَدَان [i. e. plough], this word (فدان) written in the copies of the S, [as in the K,] with teshdeed to the د, but, as IB says, it is without teshdeed when signifying the implement with which ploughing is performed: accord. to AA, the لُؤْمَة, i. e. the سِنَّة [or share] with which the earth is ploughed up, is called the عِيَان when it is upon the فَدَان [or plough]: or, accord. to the M, the عِيَان is a ring at the extremity of the لُؤْمَة and the سليب. [app. a mistranscription] and the دُجْرَانِ [two pieces of wood upon which the share is bound]: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَعْيِنَةٌ and [of mult.] عُيُنٌ, with two dammehs; (K;) or عِينٌ, originally of the measure فُعْلٌ [i. e. عُيْنٌ]; (S;) accord. to AA, عِينٌ, with kesr only; accord. to IB, عُيُنٌ, with two dammehs, and, when the ى is made quiescent, عِينٌ, not عُيْنٌ. (TA).

A3: اِبْنَا عِيَانٍ means Two birds, (K, TA,) from the flight, or alighting-places, or cries, &c., of which, the Arabs augur: (TA:) or two lines which are marked upon the ground (S, K) by the عَائِف [or augurer], by means of which one augurs, from the flight, &c., of birds; (S;) or which are made for the purpose of auguring; (TA;) then the augurer says, اِبْنَىْ عِيَانْ أَسْرِعَا البَيَانْ [O two sons of 'Iyán, hasten ye the manifestations] (K, * TA: [see 1 in art. خط:]) in the copies of the K, اِبْنَا is here erroneously put for اِبْنَى or, as some say اِبْنَا عِيانٍ means two well-known diviningarrows: (TA:) and when it is known that the gaming arrow of him who plays therewith wins, one says, جَرَى ابْنَا عِيَانٍ [app. meaning The two sons of 'Iyán have hastened. i. e. the two arrows so termed: as seems to be indicated by (??) cited in the L (in which it is followed by the words بِالشِّوَآءِ المُضَهَّبِ with the roast meat (??) thoroughly cooked), and also by what here fel-lows]: (S, L, K. TA:) these [arrows] being called اِبْنَ عِيَانٍ because by means of them the people [playing at the game called المَيْسِر see the winning and the food [i. e. the hastily cooked flesh of the slaughtered camel]. (L, TA.) رَجُلٌ عَيُونٌ (K, TA) and ↓ عَيَّانٌ (TA) A man who smites vehemently with the [evil] eye; as also ↓ مِعْيَانٌ: (K, TA,) pl. [of the first] عينٌ and عُيُنٌ. (K.) عُيَيْنَةٌ: and ذُو العُيَيْنَتَيْنِ and ذُو العُوَيْنَتَيْنِ: see عَيْنٌ, in the former half of the paragraph.

عَيَّنٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

رَجُلٌ عَيِّنٌ A man quick to weep. (TA.) b2: And سِقَآءٌ عَيِّنٌ, (S, K,) and ↓ عَيَّنٌ, (K,) the latter less common, and said to be the only instance of an epithet of the measure فَيْعَلٌ with an infirm [medial] radical, or it may be of the measure فَوْعَلٌ or فَوْعَلٌ, and in either of these two cases not without a parallel, (TA,) and ↓ مُتَعَيِّنٌ, (S, K,) (assumed tropical:) A skin, for water, or for milk, having thin circles, or rings, or round places, [likened to eyes,] rendering it faulty: (S:) or of which the water runs forth: (Lh, K:) or new; (K;) or thus عَيِّنٌ and ↓ عَيَّنٌ, in the dial. of Teiyi; and so قِرْبَةٌ عَيِّنٌ in that dial.: the pl. of عيّن applied to a skin is عَيَائِنُ, with hemzeh because the place thereof is near to the end. (TA.) عَيَّانٌ: see عَيُونٌ.

عَائِنٌ Smiting with the [evil] eye. (S, TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) Flowing water: (S:) or so مَآءٌ عَائِنٌ; from عَيْنُ المَآءِ. (TA.) b3: See also عَيْنٌ, third quarter.

عَائِنَةٌ: see عَيْنٌ, first quarter, in two places: b2: and again, third quarter, in two places. b3: One says also, رَأَيْتُ عَائِنَةً مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ, meaning I saw a party of his companions who saw me. (TA.) b4: And رَأَيْتُهُ بِعَائِنَةِ العِدَا I saw him where the eyes of the enemy were seeing him. (TA.) b5: And عَائِنَةُ بَنِى فُلَانٍ The herds, or flocks, or herds and flocks, (أَمْوَال,) and pastors, of the sons of such a one. (S.) أَعْيَنُ A man wide in the eye: (S, Mgh:) or large and wide therein. (Lh, TA:) or large in the black of the eye, with width [of the eye itself]: (K.) fem. عَيْنَآءُ; (S:) when is applied to a woman as meaning beautiful and wide in the eyes (Msb:) pl. عِينٌ, (S, Msb,) originally عُيْنٌ (S.) b2: Hence. (S,) عينٌ is an appellation of Wild oxen; (S, K, TA:) as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates: (TA:) and أَعْيَنُ, of the wild bull, (S, ISd, K,) which one should not call ثَوْرٌ أَعْيَنُ: (ISd, K:) and عَيْنَآءُ, of the (??) (S:) and women are likened to these wild animals. (TA,) b3: عَيْنَاءُ also signifies, applied to a sheep or goat (شَاة), Of which the eyes are black one the rest white; and some say, or the converse thereof: in this sense used as an epithet. (TA.) b4: (??) A good or beautiful, word or saying (??) a woman beautiful and wide on the eyes (Msb:) opposed to عَوْرآءُ. (??) b5: And. applied to a ?? i. q. ??: (K) [i. e. accord. to the TK. which is followed by Freytag, applied to a rhyme or meaning Having what is termed ??: (see De Sacy's Ar. (??), see, ed., ii. 657) but this explanation may be conjectural; and, (??) the meaning may be (assumed tropical:) (??) an effective an applied to a verse on an ode] b6: And i. q. ?? (K) [accord. to the TK as an epithet applied to land, and meaning (assumed tropical:) Black likened to the eye of the buffalo; for ?? was sometimes termed by the Arabs خُضْرَة. but this explanation also may be conjectural; and ا rather think that it is so, and that by خَضْرآءِ is here meant (assumed tropical:) a bucket with which water has been drawn long, so that it has become green or blackish; (see أَخْضرْ,) agreeably with the following explanation, which is immediately subjoined in the K]. b7: And A water-skin (قِرْبَة) ready to become lacerated, or rent, (K, TA, [see عَيْنٌ,]) and worn out. (TA.) مَعَانٌ [A place in which one is seen]. One says, القَوْمُ مِنْكَ مَعَانٌ [in which the last word is app. a mistranscription. for بِمَعَانٍ, as in Har p. 22,] The people, or party are [in a place] where thou sees them with thine eye. (TA.) b2: And A place of alighting or abode, (K, TA,) and one in which one is known to be, (TA.) So in the saying, الكُوفَةُ مَعَانٌ مِنهْا [El-Koofeh is a place of our alighting or abode, &c.,] (TA.) مَعِينٌ Smitten with the [evil] eye; as also ↓ مَعْيُونٌ, the complete form: (S, TA:) or, accord. to Ez-Zejjájee, the former has this meaning, but ↓ المَعْيُونُ means اَلَّذِى فِيهِ عَيْنٌ [in which the last word is probably a mistranscription for عَيْبٌ; so that the meaning is, in whom is a fault, or defect], (L, TA.) A poet says, (S,) namely, 'Abbás, (TA,) قَدْ كَانَ قَوْمُكَ يَحْسَبُونَكَ سَيِّدًا

↓ وَإِخَلُ أِنَّكَ سَيِّدٌ مَعْيُونُ [Thy people, or party, used to reckon thee a chief; but I think that them art a chief (??) with the evil eye, or, perhaps, in whom is a fault, or defect]. (S, TA.) b2: مَآءٌ مَعِينٌ and ↓ مَعْيُونٌ (S, K:) (assumed tropical:) Water of which one has reached the (??) or sources, by digging: (S:) or water that is apparent (ظَاهِرٌ, for which the CK has ظاهرٌ), (K, TA,) seen by the eye, (TA,) running upon the surface of the earth: (K, TA:) Bedr Ibn-(??) El-Hudhalee says.

↓ مَآءٌ يُجِمُّ لِحَافِرٍ مَعْيُونِ [meaning Water collecting for a digger of which the springs have been reached by digging]; the last word, it as said, being put by him in the gen. case because of the proximity (??) a word (??) that case, agreeably with a poetic license of which there are many (??) مَعْيُونٌ, as it is an epithet (??) Respecting the measure of مَعِينٌ, which (??) from عَيْنُ المَآءِ. and explain as meaning (??) the source apparent, (??) (??) some say that it is an (??) of مَفْعُولٌ though not having a verb; and some, that of the measure فَعِيلٌ, from المعْنُ signifying the drawing of water. (TA.) In the say إِنْ كَانَتِ البَشَرُ مَعِينًا لَا تُنْزَحُ, meaning [If the (??) one] having a running spring, (that was not (??) entirely exhausted,] معينا is made masc. to (??) with the word [??, which is masc. in form though fem. by usage]; or it is thus because (??) imagined to be of the measure فَعِيل, in the sense of the measure مَفْعُول; or because it is for ذَاتَ مَعِينٍ, i. e. [having] water running upon the surface of the earth. (Mgh.) In the Kur xxxvii.

44. [and in like manner in lvi. 18.] مَعِين is used as meaning (assumed tropical:) Wine running upon the surface of the earth, like rivers of water. (Jel.) b3: عَيْنٌ

↓ مَعْيُونَةٌ means (assumed tropical:) A spring, or source, having a continued increase of water (Aboo-Sa'eed, TA.) مُعَيَّنٌ (assumed tropical:) A garment figured with eyes (S in art. برج:) or a garment in the figuring of which are small تَرَابِيع [app. meaning quadrangular forms (in the CK تَرْبِيع)] like the eyes of wild animals. (K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) A bull having a blackness between his eyes: (K:) or a bull; so called because of the largeness of his eyes: or so called because having spots of black and white, as though there were eyes upon his skin. (Ham p. 293.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) Locusts (جَرَاد) which, when stripped of the integument, are seen to be white and red: mentioned by Az in art. ينع, on the authority of ISh. (TA.) A2: [Also, as pass. part. n. of 2, (assumed tropical:) Individuated, or particularized; i. e. distinguished from the generality, or aggregate: &c.: see the verb. Hence] نِيَّةٌ مُعَيَّنَةٌ means [A distinct, particular, or special, purpose; lit.] a purpose made distinct: and it is allowable for one to attribute the action to the purpose, tropically; and thus to say ↓ نِيَّةٌ مُعَيِّنَةٌ [A distinguishing purpose], using the act. part. n. (Msb.) مُعَيِّنٌ: see an ex. of its fem. in what next precedes.

مِعْيَانٌ: see عَيُونٌ. [And see also مُعْتَانٌ.]

مَعْيُونٌ and its fem.: see مَعِينٌ, in six places.

مُعْتَانٌ An explorer of a people or party, who is sent before to seek for herbage and water and the places where rain has fallen, (K, TA, [in the CK, المِعْيانُ is erroneously put for المُعْتَانُ,]) and who searches for news or tidings. (TA.) مُتَعَيِّنٌ: see عَيِّنٌ.