قطب

1 قَطَبَ, (K, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. قَطْبٌ, (TA,) He collected a thing, brought it, gathered it, or drew it, together: (K, TA:) this is the primary signification. (O.) b2: [Hence] one says, قَطَبَ الحِمَارُ عَانَتَهُ i. e. (tropical:) [The wild ass] collected [his herd of wild she-asses]. (A: there distinguished as tropical.) b3: And قَطَبَ القَوْمُ, [أَنْفُسَهُمْ being app. understood,] and ↓ اقطب, (assumed tropical:) The people, or party, assembled themselves together, or congregated, (O, K, TA,) and were guests, and mixed together. (TA.) b4: And قَطَبَ, (A, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. قَطْبٌ and قُطُوبٌ; (K, TA;) and ↓ قطّب, (K,) inf. n. تَقْطِيبٌ; (TA;) He contracted the part between his eyes; (A, K;) and grinned, or displayed his teeth, frowning, or contracting his face, and looking sternly, austerely, or morosely; (K, TA;) by reason of drink, &c.: (TA:) or قَطَبَ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ, (S, O, Msb,) aor. ـِ inf. n. قَطْبٌ, (Msb,) he contracted the part between his eyes: (S, O, Msb:) and وَجْهَهُ ↓ قطّب, inf. n. تَقْطِيبٌ, he contracted his face; (S, O;) or did so much. (So accord. to a copy of the S.) b5: And قَطَبَ الشَّرَابَ, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. قَطْبٌ, (Msb,) He mixed the wine, or beverage; (S, A, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اقطبهُ; (S, O, K;) and ↓ قطّبهُ, (O, K, TA,) inf. n. تَقْطِيبٌ. (TA.) b6: And قَطَبَ الإِنَآءَ He filled the vessel. (K.) b7: قَطَبَ الجُوَالِقَ, (K, TA,) inf. n. قَطْبٌ, (S, O,) He inserted one of the two loops of the [sack called]

جوالق into the other, (S, O, K, TA,) on the occasion of making up a load, (TA,) then bent it (S, O, K *) again, (S, O,) [this time, app., back and down,] and put them together [in order, it seems, to insert a stick, so that the middle of one loop should be above the stick and the middle of the other should be beneath it]: (K, TA:) when he does not bend the loop, [app. meaning through the other and then a second time as described above,] the action is termed سَلْقٌ. (S, O, [See سَلَقَ الجُوَالِقَ, in art. سلق.]) A2: قَطَبَهُ signifies also He angered him; (O, K;) aor. as above [and so, app., the inf. n.]. (O.) A3: And also, (K, TA,) aor. ـِ (TA,) inf. n. قَطْبٌ, (S, O,) He cut it, or cut it off: (S, O, K:) but in this instance the ط is substituted for ض. (O.) 2 قَطَّبَ see above, in three places.4 أَقْطَبَ see the first paragraph, in two places.

قَطْبٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

قُطْبٌ (S, A, O, Msb, K) and ↓ قَطْبٌ and ↓ قِطْبٌ (S, A, O, K, but some reject the second and third of these, TA) and ↓ قُطُبٌ (A, K) and ↓ قُطْبَةٌ, (so in some copies of the K,) or ↓ قَطْبَةٌ, (so in other copies of the K, and thus accord. to the TA, as on the authority of Th,) The axis, or pivot, (T, A, Msb, K,) of iron, (A, K,) of a mill; (T, S, A, O, Msb, K;) the iron thing that is fixed in the middle of the nether stone of a mill; (IAth, TA;) the iron in the nether stone, around which revolves the upper stone, of a mill: (Ham p. 54:) pl. أَقْطَابٌ (A, IAth, O, TA) and قُطُوبٌ (IAth, TA) and قِطَبَةٌ. (O.) b2: Hence, (TA,) القُطْبُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and accord. to some ↓ القَطْبُ and ↓ القِطْبُ, (MF,) (tropical:) [The pole-star: or the pole of the celestial sphere:] a certain star, (K,) a small star, (ISd, TA,) according to which the kibleh is constructed: (ISd, K, TA:) a star between the جَدْى and the فَرْقَدَانِ, around which the celestial sphere, or firmament, revolves, (S, O, TA,) small and white, and never moving from its place: [but it seems that nebula should be here substituted for star:] Aboo-'Adnán says that the قظب is a small star always in the midst of the four [stars] of بَنَاتُ نَعْشٍ, [which is evidently a mistake,] never quitting its place, around which revolve the جدى and the فرقدان: but accord. to Ibn-Es-Saláh El-Mohaddith, it is not a star, but a بُقْعَة [meaning a spot, or a nebula,] in the sky, near the جدى, which latter is the [pole-] star whereby the kibleh is known in the northern countries. (TA.) b3: And [hence likewise,] القُطْبُ signifies also (tropical:) The cause, or means, of the subsistence of a thing: and (tropical:) the thing, or point, [or person,] upon which [or upon whom] a thing [such as an affair, and a question,] turns: pl. [as above, i. e.] أَقْطَابٌ and قُطُوبٌ and قِطَبَةٌ. (K, TA.) b4: And (tropical:) The chief, or lord, of a people or tribe; (S, A, O, K;) قُطْبُ بَنِى فُلَانٍ meaning (tropical:) the chief, or lord, of the sons of such a one, upon whom their state of affairs turns [i. e. depends, and by whose government their affairs are regulated]. (S, O, TA.) And قُطْبُ رَحَى الحَرْبِ [lit. The axis, or pivot, of the mill of war, or of the mill of the war,] means (tropical:) the commander of the army. (S, O, TA.) b5: [In the conventional language of the mystics, it is applied to (assumed tropical:) The hierarch of the saints of his generation, who is also called الغَوْثُ, and is supposed to be pre-eminently endued with sanctity, and with thaumaturgic faculties, and to be known as the قُطْب to none but his agents unless he make himself known: at his death, his place is believed to be filled by another.]

A2: [قُطْبٌ also signifies A species of plant:] accord. to AHn, the قُطْب [is a species of plant that] extends upon the ground like ropes, and has a yellow, thorny, or prickly, blossom; when fit to be reaped, and dry, it hurts men to tread upon it; and is round like a pebble: n. un. ↓ قُطْبَةٌ: (O:) [it is said in the K that ↓ القُطْبَةُ is said to signify a certain plant: and the pl. is قُطْبٌ or قُطَبٌ: (thus accord. to different copies: in my MS. copy, the former; and in the CK, the latter, and there said to be like صُرَدٌ: if the former be right, it is a coll. gen. n.:)] or قُطْبٌ and ↓ قُطْبَةٌ signify two species of plants: and the latter is said to be a certain herb, having a fruit, or produce, and berries (حَبّ) like those of the هَرَاس [a tree that bears a kind of drupe]: Lh says that it [app. the قُطْب, the pronoun being masc.,] is a species of thorn, from which diverge three thorns, resembling a حَسَك [here meaning caltrop: the leaves of its stem resemble those of the [species of trefoil called] نَفَل and ذُرق, and قطب is the name of the fruit: and أَرْضٌ قطبة [i. e., accord. to general analogy, ↓ قَطِبَةٌ, like قَصِبَةٌ &c.,] signifies Land in which this kind of plant grows. (TA.) A3: See also قُطْبَةٌ.

قِطْبٌ: see قُطْبٌ, first and second sentences.

قَطَبٌ, [app. an inf. n. of which the verb is not mentioned, (in the CK قَطْب, but, as is said in the TA, it is مُحَرَّكَة,)] which is forbidden, is One's taking a thing [by measure or weight], and then taking the rest of the commodity by comparing it with the former portion, without measure or weight. (Kr, K, * TA.) قَطِبٌ: see قَطُوبٌ: A2: and أَرْضٌ قَطِبَةٌ: see قُطْبٌ, last sentence but one.

قُطُبٌ: see قُطْبٌ, first sentence.

قَطْبَةٌ: see قُطْبٌ, first sentence.

قُطْبَةٌ: see قُطْبٌ, first sentence: A2: and again, in the last quarter of the paragraph, in three places.

A3: Also An arrow-head (S, O, K) of small size (O) with which one shoots at a butt: (S, O, K:) accord. to ISd, a small, short, foursided head at the end of an arrow with which one shoots, to the utmost possible distance, at the butts: accord. to Th, the end of an arrow with which one shoots at the butt: accord. to AHn, it is of what are called المَرَامِى [pl. of مِرْمَاةٌ, q. v.]: (TA:) or an arrow with which one contends for superiority in shooting: (A:) [but] accord. to En-Nadr, it is not accounted an arrow: and ↓ قُطْبٌ signifies an arrow-head; occurring in a trad. in this sense. (TA.) قُطْبَانٌ A certain plant. (K.) قِطِبَّى A certain plant, of which is made rope of twisted strands, or well-twisted rope, (K, TA,) resembling that of the cocoa-nut, the price of which mounts to a hundred deenárs of ready money, (TA,) and which is better than that made of the fibres of the cocoa-nut. (K, TA.) قِطَابٌ An admixture (Lth, S, * O, K, TA) in what is drunk and what is not drunk. (Lth, TA.) b2: And قِطَابُ الجَيْبِ, (S, A, O, K, *) from القَطْبُ meaning “ the act of cutting,” (S, TA,) or from the same as meaning “ the act of bringing, or drawing, together ” two things, (TA,) The opening that is cut out at the neck and bosom of a shirt or the like, for the head to enter into it: (O:) or (tropical:) the part where the two sides of that opening unite: (A, * K, * TA:) or, as AAF says, the lower, or lowest, part of that opening. (TA.) قَطُوبٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ قَاطِبٌ (K) [and ↓ قَطِبٌ (occurring in the A in art. دعب, as opposed to دَعِبٌ and لَعِبٌ, to which it seems to be therefore assimilated in form,)] Who contracts the part between his eyes; (S, O, K;) and grins, or displays his teeth, frowning, or contracting his face, and looking sternly, austerely, or morosely; (K;) [or rather the first signifies one who does so much;] applied to a man. (S.) b2: Hence, (TA,) القَطُوبُ and ↓ القَاطِبُ signify The lion. (O, K, TA.) قَطِيبٌ Mixed wine or beverage [&c.]; as also ↓ مَقْطُوبٌ. (K.) قُطَابَةٌ A piece of flesh: (Kr, K:) from قَطَبَ signifying “ he cut ” a thing. (TA.) قَطِيبَةٌ Anything mixed. (TA.) And [particularly] (TA) Camels' milk and sheeps' or goats' milk mixed together: (IAar, S, O, K:) or goats' milk and sheeps' milk mixed together; (K;) which is also called نَخِيسَةٌ: (TA:) or fresh milk, or milk such as is termed حَقِين [q. v.], mixed with إِهَالَة [or melted fat, &c.]: and i. q. رَثِيئَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: See also قَاطِبَة.

قَاطِبٌ: see قَطُوبٌ, in two places.

جَاؤُوا قَاطِبَةً (tropical:) They came all together: (S, A, * O, Msb, K:) قاطبة being a noun denoting generality, (Sb, S, O,) not used but as a word descriptive of state, in the accus. case: (Sb, S, O, K:) its use otherwise is a vulgar corruption, though allowed by El-Khafájee: (MF:) or it may be regarded in a phrase such as that above as being in the accus. case as an inf. n.: (IAth, TA:) it is expl. in the T as meaning all together; mixed, one with another. (TA.) And ↓ جَاؤُوا بِقَطِيبَتِهِم means (assumed tropical:) They came with their [whole] company. (K.) المُقَطَّبُ and المُقَطِّبُ and المَقْطِبُ The part between the eyebrows. (TA.) مَقْطُوٰٰبٌ: see قَطِيبٌ. b2: قِرْبَةٌ مَقْطُوبَةٌ A water-skin filled. (Lh, O, TA.) وَجْهٌ مُتَقَطِّبٌ [A contracted face]. (K in art. بسر.)

غفر

1 غَفَرَهُ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. غَفْرٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He covered, veiled, concealed, or hid, it; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) i. e., anything. (TA.) This is the primary signification. (Mgh, Msb.) b2: [Hence]

غَفَر الشَّيْبَ بِالخِضَابِ He covered, or concealed, the white, or hoary, hair with dye; (K;) as also ↓ أَغْفَرَهُ. (TA.) b3: And غَفَرَ المَتَاعَ, (S, K,) فِى

الوِعَآءِ, (K,) He put the goods, or utensils, into the bag, or receptacle, and concealed them; (K;) as also ↓ اغفرهُ. (K.) b4: [Hence also] غَفَرَ لَهُ ذَنْبَهُ, (S, Msb, * K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. مَغْفَرِةٌ, (S, K,) or this is a simple subst., (Msb,) and غُفْرَانٌ and غَفْرٌ (S, Msb, K) and غُفُورٌ (Lh, K) and غَفِيرٌ and غَفِيرةٌ, (K,) He (God) covered, his sin, crime, or offence; (K;) forgave it; pardoned it; (Msb, K;) as also ذَنْبَهُ ↓ اغتفر, (S,) or اغتفر لَهُ مَا صَنَعَ he forgave him what he had done: (Msb:) or غُفْرَانٌ and مَغْفِرَةٌ, on the part of God, signify the preserving a man from being touched by punishment: and sometimes غَفَرَ لَهُ signifies [he forgave him, or pardoned him: and also] he forgave him, or pardoned him, apparently, but not really; and thus it is used in the Kur xlv. 13, accord. to the B. (TA.) As an ex. of the last of the inf. ns. mentioned above on the authority of the K, the following saying, of a certain Arab, is cited: أَسْأَلُكَ الغَفِيرَهْ وَالنَّاقَةَ الغَزيِرَهْ وَالعِزَّ فِى العَشِيرَهْ فَإِنَّهَا عَلَيْكَ يَسِيرَهْ [I beg of Thee (O God) forgiveness, and a she-camel abounding in milk, and might among the kinsfolk, or in the tribe, for they are to Thee things easy]. (TA.) [See also the paragraph commencing with غَفِيرَةٌ.] b5: In the following saying of Zuheyr, the verb is used tropically: أَضَاعَتْ فَلَمْ تُغْفَرْ لَهَا غَفَلَاتُهَا meaning [She lost her young one, and] her acts of negligence with respect to her young one were not forgiven her, by the wild beasts, so they ate it. (TA.) b6: ↓ غَفَرَ الأَمْرَ بِغُفْرَتِهِ, (S, * K,) and ↓ بِغَفِيرَتِهِ, (K,) aor. ـِ (S,) [lit. He covered the affair with its cover,] means (assumed tropical:) he rectified the affair with that wherewith it was requisite that it should be rectified. (S, K.) [And ↓ اغتفرهُ perhaps signifies the same: see مُرْتَأَبٌ, in art. رأب.]

A2: غَفِرَ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. غَفَرٌ, (S,) It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) became villous; as also ↓ اغفارّ, (S, K,) inf. n. اِغْفِيرَارٌ. (S.) A3: غَفَرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. غَفْرٌ, (S,) It (a wound) became recrudescent; or reverted to a bad, or corrupt, state; (S, K;) as also غَفِرَ, [of which see another meaning in what follows,] aor. ـَ inf. n. غَفَرٌ. (S.) And in like manner the former is said of a sick person: (S:) [i. e.] غَفَرَ signifies likewise He (a sick person) relapsed into disease, after convalescence; as also غُفِرَ: (K, TA:) and in like manner one says of a wounded person. (TA.) and [hence, app.,] it is also said of an excessive lover, meaning He experienced a return of his desire, (K, TA,) after consolation. (TA.) b2: غَفِرَ said of a wound signifies also It healed: thus having two contr. meanings. (IKtt, TA.) A4: غَفَرَ الجَلَبُ السُّوقَ, (K, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. غَفْرٌ, (TA,) meansرَخَّصَهَا [more correctly أَرْخَصَهَا i. e. The beasts, or other things, brought thither for sale, made the market cheap]. (K, TA.) 2 غفّرهُ He said غَفَرَ اللّٰهُ لَهُ [May God cover his sins, &c.; may God forgive him, or pardon him]. (TA, from a trad.) 4 اغفر: see 1, in two places.

A2: أَغْفَرَتْ It (land) produced somewhat of غَفَر, meaning small herbage: (TA:) [i. e.] it produced herbage like the nap of cloth. (O, L, TA. *) b2: And It (land) produced its مَغَافِير [pl. of مُغْفُورٌ, q. v.]. (IAth, O, L, TA.) And اغفر It (the [species of tree, or shrub, called] رِمْث, S, and the عُرْفُط, [&c.,] TA) exuded, or produced, its مَغَافِير. (S, TA.) A3: Also, i. e. اغفرت, [from غُفْرٌ, q. v.,] She (a mountaingoat) had a young one, or young ones. (O, TA.) A4: And اغفر النَّخْلُ The palm-tress had, upon their unripe dates, what resembled bark, or crust; (O, K, TA;) which the people of El-Medeeneh term الغَفَا [or الغَفَى]. (O, TA.) 5 تغفّر and ↓ تَمَغْفَرَ He gathered what is called مِغْفَر and مُغْفُور [see the latter of these two words]. (S, K.) He who says مُغْفُور says ↓ خَرَجْنَا نَتَمَغْفَرُ, and he who says مِغْفَر says خرجنا نَتَغَفَّرُ, We went forth to gather مغفور, or مغفر, from its trees. (S.) 6 تغافرا They two prayed for the covering of sins, &c., or for forgiveness, or pardon, each for the other. (TA.) 8 إِغْتَفَرَ see the first paragraph, in two places.10 استغفر اللّٰهَ, (Msb,) and استغفر اللّٰه مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ, (S, K,) and لِذَنْبِهِ, (S,) and ذَنْبَهُ, (K,) He begged of God forgiveness, or pardon; (Msb;) he sought of God the covering, or forgiveness, or pardon, of his sin, crime, or offence, (K, TA,) by word and by deed; for so God requires one to do; not with the tongue only. (TA.) 11 إِغْفَاْرَّ see the first paragraph. Q. Q.2 تَمَغْفَرَ: see 5, in two places.

غَفْرٌ: see غَفَرٌ, in two places.

A2: See also غُفْرٌ.

A3: Also The belly. (K.) A4: And A certain thing like the [sack called] جُوَالِق. (K.) A5: And الغَفْرُ is the name of The star λ] in the left foot of Virgo: (Kzw in his Descr. of Virgo:) or three obscure stars, (Kzw in his Descr. of the Mansions of the Moon,) or three small stars, (S, K,) [most probably, I think, (not φ and ι and κ, as supposed by Freytag, who refers to Ideler's “ Untersuch. ”

pp. 169 and 288, but) ι and κ and λ of Virgo, though said to be] belonging to Libra: (S:) one of the Mansions of the Moon, (S, K,) namely, the Fifteenth. (Kzw in his Descr. of the Mansions.) غُفْرٌ The young of the mountain-goat; (S, K;) as also ↓ غَفْرٌ; but the former is the more common; (K;) the latter, rare: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَغْفَارٌ and [of mult.] غِفَرَةٌ (S, K) and غُفُورٌ: (Kr, K:) the female is termed غُفْرَةٌ: and it is said that غُفْرٌ is an appellation of one and of a pl. number: the phrase غُفْرٌ كَثِيرٌ is mentioned [as meaning many young ones of the mountain-goat]. (TA.) غِفْرٌ The young of the cow [probably meaning of the bovine antelope called the wild cow]. (ElHejeree, K.) b2: And A certain دُوَيْبَّة [by which may be meant a small beast or creeping thing, or an insect]: (IDrd, O, K:) so, says IDrd, they assert. (O.) غَفَرٌ (S, K, TA) and ↓ غَفْرٌ (S, TA) and ↓ غُفَارٌ (S, K, TA) Hair like down, such as is upon the shank of a woman, and upon the forehead, and the like thereof: (S, TA:) or the hair of the neck, and of the jaws, and of the back of the neck; (K, TA;) as also ↓ غَفِيرٌ accord. to the copies of the K, but accord. to the L and other lexicons غَفْرٌ: and the small, short, hairs of the body. (TA.) b2: And غَفَرٌ signifies also The growth of hair in the place of the mane of a horse or similar beast. (TA.) b3: And The nap, or villous substance, upon the surface of a garment, or piece of cloth, (S, K, TA,) and the like thereof; (TA;) and ↓ غَفْرٌ signifies the same: (K, TA:) n. un. غَفْرَةٌ [and app. غَفَرَةٌ]: and غَفَرٌ is also expl. as signifying the هُدْب [app. here meaning likewise nap, or pile, or perhaps the unwoven end,] of a garment, or piece of cloth, and [particularly] of the thin and soft sorts of what are termed خَمَائِص and قُطُف [pls. of خَمِيصَةٌ and قَطِيفَةٌ]; but not the extremities of أَرْدِيَة and مَلَاحِف [pls. of رِدَآءٌ and مِلْحَفَةٌ]. (TA.) b4: And Small herbage; (K:) [or] a sort of small, sprouting herbage, of the [season called]

رَبِيع, growing in plain, or soft, land, and upon the [eminences termed] آكام [pl. of أَكَمَةٌ]; when green, resembling green passerine birds standing; and when it has dried up, resembling such as are red, not standing. (L, TA. *) هُوَغَفِرُ القَفَا means He is one who has [hair such as is termed] غَفَر upon the back of his neck: and هِىَ غَفِرَةُ الوَجْهِ, she is one who has غَفَر upon her face. (AHn, K, * TA.) غُفْرَةٌ A cover; a thing with which another thing is covered. (S.) [Hence] one says, غَفَرَ الأَمْرَ بِغُفْرَتِهِ (S, K) and ↓ بِغَفِيرَتِهِ (K) expl. above: see 1.

غِفْرَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ A good manner of covering, forgiving, or pardoning, sins, &c. (Lh, K.) غُفَارٌ: see غَفَرٌ, first sentence.

غِفَارٌ A certain brand, or mark made with a hot iron, upon the cheek [app. of a camel]. (TA.) غَفُورٌ: see غَافِرٌ, in three places.

جَمَّآءُ غَفِيرٌ A helmet that encloses and embraces the whole head. (K.) AO says, in his “ Book on the Coat of Mail and the Helmet,” that بَيْضَةٌ is a general name for a helmet, which has plates like the bones of the skull, fastened together, edge to edge, by nails. (TA.) b2: جَاؤُوا جَمَّآءَ غَفِيرًا, and الجَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَ, (S, K,) and جَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرِ, and جَمًّا غَفِيرًا, and الجَمَّ الغَفِيرَ, and جَمَّ الغَفِيرِ, and ↓ جَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَى, and ↓ جَمَّآءَ غَفِيرَةً, and الجَمَّآءَ

↓ الغَفِيرَةَ, and ↓ جَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَةِ, and ↓ جَمَّ الغَفِيرَةِ, and بِجَمَّآءِ الغَفِيرِ, and ↓ بِجَمَّآءِ الغَفِيرَةِ, (K,) are phrases meaning They came all together, high and low, none of them remaining behind, and they being many: (S, K:) accord. to Sb, (K,) it (الجمّآء

الغفير, S, which is the only form that he mentions, TA, [or rather the former of these two words,]) is a subst., (S, K,) put in the place of an inf. n., (K,) i. e. put in the accus. case like an inf. n. of the same meaning, (TA,) i. e., [as when you say]

مَرَرْتُ بِهِمْ جُمُومًا كَثِيرًا [I passed by them they being very many]: (K:) it is not a verb, [by which is here meant, as in many other instances, an inf. n.,] but is put in the accus. case like an inf. n. of the same meaning, as when you say جَاؤُونِى جَمِيعًا, and قَاطِبَةً, and طُرًّا, and كَافَّةً, [They came to me all together,] and the article ال is prefixed like as it is prefixed in the saying أَوْرَدَهَا العِرَاكَ, meaning أَوْرَدَهَا عِرَاكًا [He brought them (the camels) to the water all together]: (S:) Sb says that it is one of those denotatives of state which have the art. ال prefixed, and is extr.; and that الغفير is an epithet inseparable from الجمّآء; meaning that you do not say الجمّآء and then be silent: (TA:) others hold it to be an inf. n.: IAmb allows it to be in the nom. case, on the condition that هُم is understood [before it; i. e., the complete phrase being جَاؤُوا هُمُ الجَمَّآءُ الغَفِيرُ]: and Ks says that the Arabs put الجمّاء الغفير in the accus. case فِى التَّمَامِ [i. e. in the case of its occurring after a proposition rendered complete by the mention of the agent. as when you say جَآءَ القَوْمُ الجَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَ], and in the nom. case فِى النُّقْصَانِ [i. e. in the case of its occurring when what precedes it is not a complete proposition, and is only rendered complete by it as the agent, as when you say جَآءَ الجَمَّآءُ الغَفيِرُ]. (K.) b3: It is said in a trad., that Mohammad, being asked by Aboo-Dharr, what was the number of the apostles, answered ثَلٰثُمِائَةٍ وَخَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ جَمَّ الغَفِيرِ, meaning, Three hundred and fifteen: a great number. (Nh, TA.) A2: See also غَفَرٌ, first sentence.

غِفَارَةٌ: see مِغْفَرٌ, in three places. b2: Also A piece of rag worn beneath the مِقْنَعَة [q. v.], by which a woman preserves it from the oil or grease [on her head]: (S: [accord to one of my copies of the S, “preserves her head: ” ]) or a piece of rag by which a woman preserves her خِمَار [q. v.] from the oil or grease: (K:) or a piece of rag with which a woman covers the fore part and the hind part (but not the middle) of her head. (TA.) b3: [And A cloth that is spread upon the camel-litter. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)] b4: And A patch (رُقْعَة) that is put upon the notch, (S, K,) or a piece of skin which is upon the head, (TA,) upon which runs the string, of the bow. (S, K, TA.) b5: And A cloud (S, K) that is as though it were (S) above another cloud. (S, K.) b6: And The head of a mountain. (K.) غَفِيرَةٌ: see غُفْرَةٌ, and 1. b2: مَا فِيهِمْ غَفِيرَةٌ [There is not in them any disposition to forgive;] meansthey do not forgive any one a sin, a crime, or an offence. (S, K.) And مَاعِنْدَهُمْ عَذِيرَةٌ وَلَا غَفِيرَةٌ [They have not a disposition to excuse nor a disposition to forgive;] means they do not excuse nor do they forgive a sin, a crime, or an offence, of any one. (TA.) The rájiz (Sakhr-el-Ghei, L) said, (on seeing his companions, with whom he was journeying, fly from the Benu-l-Mustalik, whom they chanced to meet, L,) يَا قَوْمِ لَيْسَتْ فِيهِمُ غَفِيرَهْ فَامْشُوا كَمَا تَمْشِى جِمَالُ الحِيرَهْ [O my people, there is not in them any disposition to forgive: therefore march ye as march the camels of El-Heereh]: (S, L:) he mentioned particularly the camels of El-Heereh because they carry burdens; and meant, march ye heavily, and defend yourselves, and do not fly. (L.) A2: Also Abundance, and increase, in family and cattle or other property. (TA, from a trad.) A3: See also غَفِيرٌ, in five places.

غَفِيرَى: see غَفِيرٌ.

غَفَّارٌ: see the next paragraph.

غَافِرٌ (TA) and ↓ غَفُورٌ (S, K, TA) and ↓ غَفَّارٌ (K, TA) are epithets applied to God. (K, TA,) the second and third of which are intensive; (TA;) meaning, [the first,] Covering and forgiving the sins, crimes, and offences, of his servants; [or simply forgiving; and the second and third, covering and forgiving much the sins, &c., of his servants; or very forgiving.] (S, * K, * TA) The pl. of ↓ غَفُورٌ is غُفُرٌ. (S.) And ↓ غَفُورٌ is also applied to a woman, without ة. (TA.) غَوْفَرٌ The autumnal بِطِّيخ [i. e. melon or water-melon]: (K:) or a species thereof (Sgh, K, TA) It is said that the بِطِّيخ and the غَوْفَر are of those things in the cases of which the giving of the tithe is not incumbent. (Mgh.) أَغْفَرُ [Having the quality of covering, or the like, in a greater, or in the greatest, degree]. One says اُصْبُغْ ثَوْبَكَ بالسَّوَادِ فَإِنَّهُ أَغْفَرُ لِوَسَخِهِ Dye thou thy garment, or piece of cloth, with black; for it has the quality of bearing and concealing its dirt in the greatest degree. (S, * TA.) مُغْفُرٌ: see مُغْفُورٌ, in two places.

مُغْفِرٌ, (O, TA,) or مُغْفِرَةٌ, (S,) or the latter also, (O, TA,) A she-goat of the mountain having a young one or young ones: (S, * O, * TA:) pl. مُغْفِرَاتٌ. (S, TA.) مِغْفَرٌ What is worn beneath the helmet: (Mgh, Msb:) or a piece of mail, (زَرَدٌ, S K,) woven (S) from the دِرْع [or coat of mail], (S, K,) according to the size of the head, (S,) worn beneath the [kind of cap called] قَلَنْسُوَة; (S, K;) as also ↓ مِغْفَرَةٌ and ↓ غِفَارَةٌ: (K:) or the رَفْرَف [or pendent appertenance] of the helmet: (TA:) or a piece of mail, (حَلَقٌ, or حِلَقٌ, as in different copies of the K,) which an armed man, (K,) or a man, accord. to some lexicons, (TA,) wears in the manner of a قِنَاع (يَتَقَنَّعُ بِهَا); as also ↓ مِغْفَرَةٌ and ↓ غِفَارَةٌ: (K:) accord. to ISh, the مِغْفَر is a piece of mail (حَلَقٌ) which a man puts beneath the helmet, hanging down upon the neck: and sometimes, he says, it is like the قَلَنْسُوَة, except that it is more ample; a man throws it upon his head, and it reaches to the coat of mail; then the helmet is put on over it; and this مغفر hangs down upon the shoulders: sometimes, also, the مغفر is [a covering for the head] made of دِيبَاج [i. e. silk brocade], and of [the cloth called] خَزّ [q. v.], beneath the helmet: accord. to “ the Book of the Coat of Mail and the Helmet,” by AO, مِغْفَرٌ and ↓ غِفَارَةٌ are names applied to a portion of mail [forming a headcovering], which is also called تَسْبِغَةٌ [q. v.]; and sometimes the rings are exposed to view; and sometimes they line them within, and cover them externally, with دِيبَاج or خَزّ or [the kind of silk stuff called] بِزْيَوْن; and they stuff it with something (حشّوها بما كان); and sometimes they make above it a قَوْنَس [or tapering top] of silver &c.: (TA:) the term مِغْفَر is also applied to the helmet itself. (Mgh.) A2: See also مُغْفُورٌ, in three places.

مِغْفَرَةٌ: see مِغْفَرٌ, in two places.

مِغْفَارٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

مُغْفُورٌ (AA, T, S, K, &c.) and ↓ مِغْفَرٌ (Ks, T, S, K) and ↓ مُغْفَرٌ and ↓ مِغْفَارٌ and ↓ مِغْفيرٌ (K) i. q. مُغْثُورٌ; (T, S, K;) [A kind of manna;] a produce of the [species of tree, or shrub, called] رِمْث and sometimes of the عُشَر and the عُرْفُط and the ثُمَام and the سَلَم and the طَلْح &c.; (S;) the gum of the رمث and عرفط; (T;) the gum that is found upon the رمث, which is sweet, and is eaten; (AA;) a thing that flows, or exudes, from the ends of the twigs of the رمث, resembling دِبْس in its colour; (ISh, in explanation of the pl. مَغَافِيرُ;) a gum that flows, or exudes, from the عرفط, not of pleasant odour; (IAth;) a gum resembling [the kind of sweetmeat called] نَاطِف, exuded by the عرفط, which is put into a piece of cloth, then sprinkled with water, and drunk: accord. to Lth, ↓ مِغْفَارٌ is applied to the gum of the إِجَّاصَة: and some say that ↓ مِغْفَرٌ is applied to gum of a round shape; صُعْرُورٌ to that which is in shape like a finger; and ذَوْبٌ to that which flows upon the ground: and ↓ مِغْفَرٌ is also applied to a twig of a gum-tree, from which [for بِهِ (with which), in the TA, I read مِنْهُ,] is wiped a white fluid, whereof is made a sweet beverage: (TA:) pl. [of مُغْفُورٌ and مِغْفَارٌ and مِغْفِيرٌ] مَغَافِيرُ, (T, S, K,) and [of مِغْفَرٌ and مُغْفُرٌ] مَغَافِرُ: (K:) it is also said that مَغَافِيرُ is applied to a kind of sweet honey, like رُبّ, except that it is white. (TA.) [Hence the saying,] ↓ هٰذَا الجَنَى لَا أَْنْ يُكَدَّ المُغْفُرُ [This is gathering, not the scraping off مغفر]: a prov. alluding to the preference of a thing; said to him who obtains much good. (K.) [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 874.]

مِغْفِيرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

أَرْضٌ مَغْفُورَآءُ Land containing [trees producing]

مَغَافِير. (IDrd, K.) [See مُغْفُورٌ.]

غفر: غَفَّر (بالتشديد) = خَفَّر. (فوك). غَفَّر: خفر، حرس. (بوشر).
تَغَفَّر: تخفَّر، احتمى واستجار (فوك).
تغافر: الأمثلة التي ذكرها لين عن تاج العروس لمعنى هذه الكلمة موجودة في رحلة ابن جبير حيث أسيء تفسير هذا الفعل.
تغافر مع: تخافر مع، تحارس مع، اشترك في الخفارة أي الحراسة مع. (فوك).
اغتفر، أغْتُفِر (بالبناء المجهول): غُفِر له، واستعاد الحظوة والرضا. (معجم مسلم؟).
استغفر. أَستَغْفِرُ اللهَ: ليحفظني الله ويحميني من هذا: ليحميني الله ويحفظني من أن أفكر بهذا!.
بحراسة الله، ليحفظنا الله من مثل هذا الشرّ (بوشر) استغفر لفلان، بتقدير الله: طلب من الله أن يغفر له ذنبه ويعفو عنه (كوسج طرائف ص41) استغفر إلى فلان: طلب العفو منه (كليلة ودمنة ص96).
استغفر لفلان وعنه: كفَر عن جنايته، استدرك خطأ فلان وأصلحه بعقوبته.
غَفْر: تصحيف خَفّر: حرس، حراسة. ففي ألف ليلة (برسل 9: 272): سهرت العبيد للغَفْر وفي طبعة ماكن: للحرس.
غَفَر: تصحيف خَفَر، وهي الأجرة التي تدفع للحرّاس والخفّر الذين يرافقون القوافل لحراستها (ألف ليلة 2: 109).
غَفَر، تصحيف خَفَر: كتيبه الحرس في الجيش، وهم جماعة من الجند في موضع ما لحراسته. وموضع العسس والجنود الذين يحرسون قوافل التموين، ويحرسون المباني. (بوشر، همبرت ص140، ألف ليلة (برسل 9: 231، 233، 11: 340).
غفر الليل: عسس. (بوشر، همبرت ص140) غفر الديوان: رجال الكمرك. (فوك).
غَفَر: حراسة. طواف الحارس. (بوشر).
غَفَر: كل الأدوات التي توجد في الخيمة (زيشر 22: 131).
غُفْران، عند النصارى: صفح، عفو عن عقوبات الخطايا. (ألكالا).
نهار الغفران: يوم المغفرة، يوم العفو، يوم السماح (ألكالا).
غُفْرَانِيّ: نسبة إلى الغفران، تكفيري، استغفاري. (بوشر).
غفِير، تصحيف خَفِير، والجمع غُفَراء: حارس، وبخاصة من يحرس القوافل والمسافرين ويحميها أثناء الطريق. (مملوك 141: 208، برتون 2: 113: زيشر 11: 494).
غَفِير: حارس، رصد. (بوشر، همبرت ص143، برتون 1: 153، ألف ليلة 2: 109، برسل 9: 231).
غَفِير: مراقب الفلاحين في أعمال السُخْرة. (ميهرن ص32).
غفِير: من يتمتع بحماية أسرة ذات نفوذ وضع نفسه في حمايتها ورعايتها بدفع إتاوة لها. (مرجريت ص282).
غِفَارَة، والجمع غَفائِر: هي عند أهل الغرب قلنسوة، طاقية يلبسها الرجال (الملابس ص314، المقري 2: 636) وانظرها في مادة أقرْوف. وفي كتاب ابن صاحب الصلاة (ص72 ق): ثم انعم عليهم بالكسوة التامَّة من العمائم الغفائر والبرانس والأكسية فإن (بأن) حصل لكل فارس غفارة وعمامة وكساء وقبطية وشقَّة.
غِفَارَة، عند أهل المغرب: رداء أحمر (فوك).
وفي تونس (غفارة رداء رقيق يغطي كُل الجسم). وعند ميشيل (ص76) (غِفارة برنس قصير من الصوف رقيق أبيض يرتدي في الصيف) (دونانت ص201) وعند ابن القوطية (ص25 و): دخل عليه يوماً- وعليه ثوب عراقي وغفارة عراقي فقال له يا ابن الشمر تُظاهر العراقي على العراقي ما فعلتْ غُفَيرتُك التي كنتَ تختلف إليَّ بها وأنا ولدٌ فقال قطعت منها جُلاً وبرقعا لبغلك الأشهب. وفي حيّان- بسّام (3: 140و) في الكلام عن دخول هشام الثالث قرطبة (مخطوطة أ): دخل- بحِلية مختصرة ساد لا شمل (سمل) غفارة ما على تحتها كسوة رثة. وفي (مخطوطة ب): ساد لا اشمال (اسمال) عفاوة إلى ما تحتها كسوة رثة. (المقري 1: 881، المقدمة 2: 194). وفي مخطوطة كوبنهاجن المجهولة الهوية (ص34): ولما كان النزول برباط تازة التفت المنصور إلى ساقته فرأى أكثر القرابة من الاخوة والعمومة قد اصطفَّوا واختصّوا بلباس الغفائر والبرانيس فانكر عليهم لكونه من زي الخليفة في حالتَيّ ركوبه وجلوسه في كل موطن.
وهذه الكلمة تثير مشكلتين: الأولى أنه ليس من اليسير معرفة إذا ما كانت تعني قلنسوة وطاقية أو أنها تعنى كساء. وأرى الآن أن الأفضل في العبارتين اللتين نقلتهما في الملابس (ص316) انها تعني رداء. والثانية هل هي غِفارة أو غَفَّارة (انظر غفَّارة) وهذه الأخيرة تعنى كساء أيضاً.
غِفَارَة: تصحيف خِفاوة بمعنى حماية، ففي أبو حَمُّو: فأنت وجيوشك في غفارتهم تعيشون وبدعائهم تثبتون.
غُفَيْرَة: كساء قصير. انظر المادة السابقة- وضبط الكلمة هذا في المخطوطة.
غُفَّارَة، والجمع غَفافِير: كساء. (الملابس ص317، القلائد ص334 (= برنس) وانظر، غِفارَة، وفي محيط المحيط: الغَفَّارة وشاح يلبسه الأحبار في الهياكل. (ولا ادري لماذا قال إنها عبرانية). وعند برجرن: غَفَارة والجمع غَفَارات: غَفَّارة الأحبار في الهياكل، وفي معجم بوشر غفارة بدون تشديد ولا حركات وهو ثوب واسع يلبس كساءً في الكنيسة.
تَغْقِير عند النصارى: غُفْران، صفح، عفو عن الخطايا. (ألكالا).
مَغْفِرَة: نفس المعنى السابق (ألكالا، ويوم الغُفْران). (ألكالا).
مُغفّر (تصحيف مخفّر): حامٍ، واقٍ، ظهير، مدافع، مجير، خفير، صائن، معين، بركهارت سورية ص660.
إسْتِغْفار عام: إقرار بالذنب، اعتراف بالذنب، طلب المغفرة عن الإثم.
اسْتِغْفارِيّ: تكفري، مُكفّر عن الذنوب (بوشر).

جمع
الجَمْعُ: المُجْتَمِعون. والجُماعُ: المُتَفَرقون. وقيل: جُماعُ الناس: أخْلاطُهم. والجُمُوْع: اسم لِجَماعة الناس. وجِمَاعٌ: للجَمْع أيضاً. والمَجْمَعُ كذلك، يكونُ اسْماً للناس وللمَوْضِع.
وجِمَاعُ الشيءِ وجَميعُه: واحدٌ.
ورَجُل جمِيع: مُجْتَمِعٌ في خَلْقِه. والمُجْتَمِعُ: الذي بَلَغَ غايةَ شَبابِه. وجُماعُ كل شيء: مُجْتَمَعُ خَلْقِه، ومن ذلك جُماعُ جَسَدِ الإنسان: رأسه.
وجُمًاعُ الثَّمَرَةِ ونحوِها: إِذا اجْتَمعتْ بَراعِيْمُ في موضع واحد على حملها. وقِدر جِمَاع وجامِعٌ وجامِعَةٌ: عظيمةٌ تستوعِبُ شاةً، وجَمْعُ الجِمَاع: أجْمِعَةٌ. والجَمْعُ: الدَقَلُ يُخْلَطُ بعضُه ببعضٍ من تَمْرِ خمسينَ نخلةً. وقيل: كلُّ لَوْن لا يُعْرَفُ اسمُه من التَمْر ِفهو جَمْعٌ. والجَمْع: الصَّمْغُ الأحْمَر.
وَجَمْعٌ: موضعٌ بمكَة. ويومُ الجَمْع: يومُ القِيامة. ونَعَامَةٌ جُمْع: لم يَسْفِدْها الظَّلِيْمُ بَعْدُ، ومنه ماتَتِ المَرْأةُ بِجُمْع: إِذا لم تُقْتَض. ويُقال أيضاً: ماتَتْ بِجُمْع: إذا ماتَتْ وفي بَطْنِها وَلَدٌ. وذَهَبَ وَتَرَكَ امْرأتَه بِجُمْع: أي قد أثْقَلَتْ. وَضَرَبْتُه بجُمْع كَفي وبِجَمْعِه أيضاً.
وأعْطَيْتُه جِمْعَ كَفي: أي مَلأً. وأمْرُهُمْ بِجُمْع: أي مَكْتُوْمٌ. وذهب الشهْرُ بِجُمْع؛ وبجِمْع - مكسوراً -: أي كله. ومَرَرْتُ بِجُمْعَةٍ مُجْتَمًعينَ: أي بِجَماعَةٍ.
وقيل: سميَتِ الجُمُعَةُ جُمُعَةً لأنه جُمِعَ فيه خَلْقُ آدم. وقيل: لاجْتِماع النّاس فيه.
وقد جَمعَ: شَهِد الجُمُعَةَ والجَمَاعَةَ. وجَمَل جَامِع: وهو حِيْنَ يُخْلِفُ بُزُوْلاً لأرْبَع سِنينَ حَتَى يَقَعَه على حَالِه سَنَةً أو سَنَتَيْنِ لا يَزيده، الكِبَرُ ولا يَنْقُصُه، وناقَةٌ جَامِعٌ أيضاً، ولا يُقالُ لِغَيْرِ الإبِل. وأتَانٌ جَامعٌ: في أولَ ما تَحْمِلُ.
وناقَةٌ جَامِع: غَزِيْرَة. ودَابَّة جَامِع: تَصْلُحُ للسَّرْج والإكَافِ. والجَامِعَةُ: الغُل.
وجَمَعَتْنا جَامِعَةٌ: أي أمْر. ولكَ هذا أجْمَعُ وهذه جَمْعَاءُ وهُن جُمَعُ، وجاؤوني بأجْمَعِهِمْ وبأجْمُعِهِم.
واسْتَجْمَعَ الشَيْءُ: بمعنى اجْتَمَعَ. واسْتَجْمَعَ الفَرَسُ جَرْياً؛ واستجْمَعَ الزرْعُ: سَنْبَلَ كُله.
وأجْمَعَ بناقَتِه: صَرً جَميعَ أخْلافها. والمُجْمِعَات: البُلدانُ لا يَقْطَعُها إلا الجَمَاعَةُ من مَخَافتها، وارى أنه مِنْ أجْمَعَ أي صَارَ ذا جَمْعً. وأجْمَعْتُ كَذا: أي أعْدَدْته. وأجْمَعْتُه: عَزَمْت عليه.
وإذا جمعت الإبلثم سِيْقَتْ فهو الإجْماعُ. فإذا لم تُسَقْ فهو الجَمْعُ. ونَهْبَ مُجْمَعُ: مَجْموع.
والمُجْمعَةُ من الخُطْبَةِ: التي لا يَدْخلها خَلَلٌ. وفُسرَ قولُه:
جَمَعْتُها من أيْنق غِزارِ
على: اخْتَرتُها.
وما جَمَعْتُ بامْرأةٍ وعن امْرأةٍ: أي ما بَنَيْت. والجارِيَةُ إذا شَبًتْ لًيل: جَمَعَتِ الثيابَ: أي لَبِسَتِ الدَرْعَ والخِمَارَ وغيرَهما. وفلان جِمَاعُ القَوْم: أي يأوُوْنَ إليه. وهو جَمِيْعُ الرأي: ليس بِمُنْتَشِرِه.

(ج م ع) : (الْجَمْعُ) الضَّمُّ وَهُوَ خِلَافُ التَّفْرِيقِ وَهُوَ مَصْدَرُ جَمَعَ مِنْ بَابِ مَنَعَ وَبِاسْمِ الْفَاعِلِ مِنْهُ لَقَبُ نُوحِ بْنِ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ الْمَرْوَزِيِّ يَرْوِي عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ وَعَنْهُ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ هَكَذَا فِي مَشَاهِيرِ عُلَمَاءِ السَّلَفِ لِأَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْخِرَقِيِّ وَإِنَّمَا لُقِّبَ بِالْجَامِعِ لِأَنَّهُ فِيمَا يُقَالُ أَخَذَ الرَّأْيَ عَنْ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ وَابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى وَالْحَدِيثُ عَنْ الْحَجَّاجِ بْنِ أَرْطَاةَ وَمَنْ كَانَ فِي زَمَانِهِ وَالْمَغَازِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ وَالتَّفْسِيرَ عَنْ الْكَلْبِيِّ وَكَانَ مَعَ ذَلِكَ عَالِمًا بِأُمُورِ الدُّنْيَا (وَالْجَمْعُ) أَيْضًا الْجَمَاعَةُ تَسْمِيَةً بِالْمَصْدَرِ يُقَالُ رَأَيْت جَمْعًا مِنْ النَّاسِ وَجُمُوعًا.

(وَالْجَمْعُ) الدَّقَلُ لِأَنَّهُ يُجْمَعُ وَيُخْلَطُ مِنْ تَمْرِ خَمْسِينَ نَخْلَةً وَقِيلَ كُلُّ لَوْنٍ مِنْ النَّخْلِ لَا يُعْرَفُ اسْمُهُ فَهُوَ جَمْعٌ ثُمَّ غَلَبَ عَلَى التَّمْرِ الرَّدِيءِ (وَمِنْهُ) الْحَدِيثُ «بِعْ الْجَمْعَ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ ثُمَّ ابْتَعْ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ جَنِيبًا» وَالْجَنِيبُ فَعِيلٌ مِنْ أَجْوَدِ التَّمْرِ.

جمع: جَمُع: بمعنى ضَمَ وألف. ومن الخطأ تعديته بالباء كما جاء في كرتاس ص80.
وجمع (بحذف الجموع وقد تذكر): حشد الكتائب والجيوش (عباد 1: 283 رقم 135، معجم بدرون، معجم البلاذري، معجم المتفرقات. ويقال: جمع لعدوه أو جمع لمدينة كذا (معجم البلاذري، أخبار 36). أو جمع إلى (عباد 1: 283) رقم 135، أماري 218) حيث بدل فليشر خطأ منه إلى بعلى. فالحرف على لا يستعمل في مثل هذا القول.
وربما كان في العبارة التي ذكرها عبد الواحد (ص116) إضمار وتقدير لبعض الكلام، ففي كلامه عن الرسول (صلى الله عليه وسلم) يقول: فلقد صدع بتوحيده وجمع على وعده ووعيده. وقد بدلت جمع هذه بأجمع كما فعل هو جفلايت وترجمها إلى اللاتينية فأخطأ في ترجمتها فأن أجمع لا تدل على ما قاله.
وربما كانت جمع هنا اختصارا لجمع الناس ويمكن ترجمتها بما معناه: جمع الناس وعرفهم بوعد الله ووعيده.
وجَمَع في علم الحساب: أضاف عددا إلى آخر (بوشر، همبرت 122، عبد الواحد 116).
وجَمَع بينهم: قرب بينهم للتشافه والتفاوض (بوشر).
وجمع بين وبين: خلط وخرج أشياء متنوعة. وتعني أيضاً: واجه الشهود بعضهم ببعض وقايس بين أقوالهم (بوشر).
وجمع حواسه: صحا وأفاق وتفكر واستغرق في التأمل والتفكير (بوشر).
وجمع خاطره: تدل على نفس المعنى السابق (ابن بطوطة 3: 250) وفيه: اجمع خاطرك أي عد إلى نفسك واهدأ.
وجمع دراهم نقد: جعل جميع أمواله نقدا (بوشر).
وكُنّا جمعنا رأينا على أن: كنا عزمنا على (كليلة ودمنة ص 260).
جمع الآراء: جمع الأصوات (في الانتخابات وغيرها) بوشر.
جمع القرآن: حفظه عن ظهر قلب (معجم المتفرقات).
جَمَّع بالتشديد: ألف نبذا مما قرأه في الكتب (بوشر). وأرى أن هذا هو معنى ما جاء في المقدمة (3: 226): التحليق والتجميع وطول المدارسة.
جَمَّع الجمعة: تولى صلاة الجمعة، ففي الحُلَل (ص65 ق): فبنى الخليفة عبد المؤمن بدار الحجر مسجدا جمع فيه الجمعة جامع: بمعنى باضع ووطئ. وهي لا تتعدى بنفسها فقط، بل تتعدى أيضاً ب (مع) ففي الأدريسي (3 القسم 5): فأن للرجل يُنْعِظ انعاظاً قويا ويجامع مع ما شاء. وفي فصل لالكالا عنوانه، الإسراف في المنكرات: في الوقت الذي تجامع مع امرأتك.
أجمع: جَمَع، ضم، ألف (هلو) وأجمع: قطف، جنى، حصد. يقال مثلا أجمع الزيتون (ألكالا).
وأجمع: قفى، جاء بنفس القافية (ألكالا) وأجمع: بمعنى اتفق وعزم، يقال: أجمعوا أمرهم على، ففي كليلة ودمنة (ص 184): زعموا أن جماعة من الكراكي لم يكن لها ملك فأجمعت أمرها على أن يملكن عليهن ملك البوم. وفيه (ص240): فلما أجمعوا أمرهم على ما ائتمروا به.
ونجد في معجم بوشر بهذا المعنى أجمعوا على اختصارا. غير أنا نجدهم بعدو ذلك يقولون: أجمع أمرهم على، ففي كتاب عبد الواحد (ص65): أجمع أمر أهل أشبيلية واتفق رأيهم على إخراج محمد والحسن عنهما. وكذلك العبارة القديمة أجمعوا رأيهم على (وقد يقال أجمعوا رأيهم ب) وهي تدل على نفس المعنى قد أصبحت: أجمع رأيهم على (كرتاس ص34) ومثله: أجمع رأيه ورأيهم على (عبد الواحد ص162). ويقول شارح ديوان مسلم بن الوليد: أجمع بالشيء مثل أزمع بالشيء (معجم مسلم). تجمع. يقال تجمع الماء: تجمد (أبو الوليد ص202).
انجمع عن الدنيا، وانجمع عن الملذات.
(فوك، أبو الوليد ص791) والمصدر منه انجماع أي تجمع، انضمام، تكتل (بوشر) - وفي معجم فوك ذكرت في مادة Plurale أي جمع - وأنجمع: اجتمع، انضم (ألكالا) - وانصرف عنه وتولى (راجع لين)، ففي المقري (1: 35): فانجمعت عن علي النفوس وتوالى عليه الدعاء - وانجمع: زهد في الدنيا. ومعناها الأصلي: صرف عن وانصرف. وفيها حذف إيجاز، إذ الأصل انجمع: تجمع، انضم بعضه إلى بعض (المقري 2: 226، ميرسنج 22) وأرى أن المعنى الذي يقترحه هذا العالم لهذه الكلمة في ص30 رقم 91 خطأ.
اجتمع: تجمع، تضام، التأم (بوشر).
وتألب للثورة والشعب (بوشر) وبمعنى لقيه وتعرف به. ويقال أيضاً: اجتمع على فلان (ألف ليلة 3: 12).
ويقول الطنطاوي في زيشر كند (7: 54): اجتمعت على غيره بسببه. أي تعرفت بواسطة فرسنل بغيره من الفرنجة.
واجتمع بفلان: تعاهد وتحالف. وتخالط (بوشر).
واجتماع بين وبين: مقابلة بين الشهود والمتهمين (بوشر).
واجتمع على: احتوى، تضمن، اشتمل (معجم الادريسي).
واجتمع على أو اجتمع في: اتفق على واعترف ب وأقر.
يقال: لا بد من الاجتماع في أن (بوشر) واجتمع قلبه: ظل رابط الجأش، صليب القلب (دي سلان، البكري 123).
واجتمع للوثبة: استجمع. وتجمع (بوشر).
واجتمع وجهه: بمعنى اجتمع وحدها عند لين أي (بلغ أشده واستوت لحيته) (تعليقات 181، تعليقة 1) (حيث نجد في مخطوطة ب أيضاً: كما اجتمع وجهه).
ومدينة مجتمعة الكُوَر: مدينة يلحق بها كثير من الكور (أي القرى والمحال) (معجم الادريسي).
استجمع: قوي واشتد والمصدر منه الاستجماع بمعنى القوة والشدة (أنظر عند لين استجمع الفرس جرياً). وفي كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص217): وهذه الخطب لها آلات واستجماع.
واستجمع: صحا، أفاق واستفاق من غشيته (أنظر في جمع: جمع حواسه وجمع خاطره) والألمانية Sich fassen ( عباد 1: 66).
واستجمع للإمارة: بلغ أشده ليتولى الإمارة (تاريخ البربر 1: 598). انظر اجتمع بمعنى بلغ أشده.
واستجمع: جمع (معجم البلاذري) واشتمل على، احتوى، تضمن (تاريخ البربر 1: 599).
واستجمع: أتم، أنجز، استكمل يقال مثلا استجمع فتح مصر (معجم البلاذري).
واستجمع: عزم على، يقال مثلا استجمع الرحلة. أي عزم على الرحيل (تاريخ البربر 1: 597).
جَمْع (في علم الحساب): ضم الأعداد بعضها إلى بعض، وهو أول مراتب هذا العلم (بوشر، المقدمة 3: 95).
والجمع: الاستغراق في التفكير، وجمع الحواس والأفكار (المقدمة 1: 199) وهو بمعنى جمع الهمة (المقدمة 1: 3، 4).
وقولهم: جمعاً جمعا الذي أهمله دي سلان في ترجمته غير واضح لدي، ففي تاريخ البربر (1: 625): وهذا الزاب وطن كبير يشتمل على قرى متعددة متجاورة جمعاً جمعا يعرف كل واحد منها بالزاب.
وقد أطلق اسم الجموع أيام حكم الموحدين على جماعات الجند المرتزقة الذين كانوا يلازمون ثكنات مراكش ولا يفارقون هذه العاصمة. (عبد الواحد ص228).
جُمْع: ضربة باليد مقبوضة (المعجم اللاتيني- العربي، ألكالا).
جُمْعَة، الجُمَع: مآتم الأموات أيام الجمعة (ألف ليلة 2: 467 مع تعليق لين في الترجمة 2: 633 رقم 3).
جمعة الأربعين: الجمعة التي تكمل أربعين يوما من وفاة الميت أو تأتي بعد أربعين يوماً من وفاته.
(سالين، ترجمة ألف ليلة 2: 633 رقم 3). جمعة الآلام: الجمعة العظيمة (بوشر).
خادم الجمعة: انظر جُمَعِيَ.
جُمَعِيّ: إضافي (بوشر).
جُمَعِيّ أو خادم الجمعة: من نوبته في الجمعة الحاضرة، أو الذي يقوم في الخدمة في الأسبوع الحاضر (ألكالا).
جَمْعِيّه: جماعة، مَجْمع، - مجلس - وجمعية أهل بلد: جماعة - سكان القرية والمدينة (بوشر).
وجمعية: جمع، ضم الأعداد إلى بعضها، وهو أول مراتب علم الحساب (بوشر، همبرت 122).
جُمّعِيَّة: اجتماع يعقد كل أسبوع أو كل جمعة (محيط المحيط).
جُميع: نوع من التمر (بركهارت سوريا 602).
جماعة، وتجمع على جمائع: كتائب الجند (معجم أبو النداء).
ويفهم من كلمة الجماعة إجماع فقهاء المسلمين في عهد الخلفاء الراشدين على حكم من الأحكام واتفاقهم عليه. وهذا الإجماع يعتبر عند أهل السنة المصدر الثالث من مصادر التشريع الاسلامي، بعد القرآن والسنة. غير أن الشيعة ينكرون هذه الأحكام لأنهم لا يعترفون بشرعية خلافة الخلفاء الثلاثة الراشدين الذين صدر عنهم القسم الأكبر من أحكام الجماعة. ومن هنا جاء اسم مذهب أهل السنة والجماعة (ابن بطوطة 2: 61).
أو يقال السنة والجماعة (البكري 97، 147، كرتاس 18، 76، 85) بينما يسمى أهل السنة باسم أهل السنة والجماعة (ابن بطوطة 2: 61).
والجماعة: اختصار ل (جماعة المسلمين) (المقري 1: 309) ويراد بها: أهل الملة الإسلامية، أو المجتمع الإسلامي. فعند ابن عباد (1: 222) مثلا: ومالت نفوس أهل قرطبة في نصبه إماما للجماعة، أي خليفة.
وفي تاريخ البربر (1: 98): وان دعوة هذا الرجل قادحة في أمر الجماعة والدولة.
غير أن أمر الجماعة يعني أيضاً وحدة المجتمع الإسلامي في الدولة، ففي تاريخ البربر (2: 48) مثلا: ولما افترق أمر الجماعة بالأندلس واختل رسم الخلافة وصار الملك فيها طوائف.
والجماعة وحدها تعني نفس هذا المعنى في مختارات من تاريخ العرب (2، 1: 7) وفي حيان (ص 2و): المستمسكين بالجماعة. وفي (ص 14ق) منه: وكان كثير العصيان مع اظهاره الانحراف إلى الجماعة (عباد 1: 224، 24).
ويقال: أهل الجماعة للذين ينتسبون للجماعة الإسلامية في الدولة، ففي حيان (ص 1ق): اتفاق أهل الجماعة بالأندلس عليه لحين انتشار المخالفين له بأكثرها.
وغالباً ما تسمى الخلافة في قرطبة بالجماعة، مقابل الفتنة أي حكم ملوك الطوائف الذين كانوا بعد سقوط الخلافة يتنازعون بقاياها، فابن عباد (1: 220) يقول مثلا: المتصل الرياسة في الجماعة والفتنة. وفي تاريخ البربر (2: 30): ولما افترقت الجماعة وانتشر سلك الخلافة.
وفيه (2: 53): ولما انتشر سلك الخلافة بقرطبة وكان أمر الجماعة للطوائف.
والخلاصة أن الجماعة تدل على الوحدة والسلام بينما تدل الفتنة على الاضطرابات والثورات (راجع البلاذري ص413، 424، 425، ومختارات من تاريخ العرب ص21).
وتطلق كلمة الجماعة خاصة على جماعة من المسلمين يؤدون الصلاة جميعاً خلف الإمام ففي حيان (ص16 ق) مثلا: وأقبل على التنسك والعبادة وحضور الصلوات في الجماعة والأذان والصلاة بأهل حصنه عند مغيب الأئمة، وفي رياض النفوس (ص88 و): كنت في حلقة الدينوري يوم الجمعة حتى همت الشمس تغيب فقام لينصرف فقلت في نفسي ليته لو قعد حتى يصلي المغرب في جماعة ثم ينصرف وهو يعلم ما جاء في فضل الجماعة.
ونجد في كرتاس (ص124): إن رسل اشبيلية بقوا سنة ونصف سنة في مراكش فلم يستطيعوا مقابلة السلطان حتى لقوه أخيرا في المصلى يوم عيد الأضحى فسلموا عليه سلام جماعة، أي سلموا عليه مع غيرهم من جماعة الحاضرين، ثم بعد ذلك دخلوا عليه فسلموا.
ويقال: صلى جماعة، أي صلى مع جماعة الناس عامة (بوشر).
وشهد الصلوات جماعة، أي حضر الصلوات وصلاها مع جماعة الناس عامة المختار من تاريخ العرب (ص270) حيث يجب أن تبقى الكلمة كما هي في المخطوطة ولا تغير كما فعل الناشر.
والمكان الذي تقام فيه الصلاة جماعة يسمى مسجد الجماعة (ابن قتيبة، كتاب المعارف ص106) وأنظر أماري (ص38) ففيه بها مساجد للجماعات. والظاهر أن هذا يعني مسجدا صغيرا وليس جامعاً كبيراً، لان مسجد الجماعة في الكوفة الذي يتحدث عنه ابن قتيبة كان في قصر الإمارة. وأن كلمة جماعة وحدها تدل على مسجد صغير (معجم الادريسي). وجماعة: حيّ. (ألكالا) وهي ترادف كلمة ربض.
والجماعة: جماعة اليهود أ"ي حي اليهود.
وحين استولى الأسبان على عدد من مدن المسلمين أطلقوا لفظ الجماعة على الحي الذي يسكنه المسلمون (ة معجم الأسبانية ص144 - 145).
والجماعة: المجلس البلدي، ويقال له جماعة المشيخة (معجم الأسبانية ص144، ألكالا).
والجماعة في قرطبة أيام الأمويين كانت تطلق على مجلس الدولة. ففي حيان- بسام (ص157 و): وبعد سقوط هذه الأسرة أراد أهل قرطبة أن يؤمروا أبا حزم بن جهور، وأبى من ذلك وألحوا عليه حتى أسعفهم شارطا اشتراك الشيخين محمد بن عباس وعبد العزيز بن حسن ابن عمه خاصة من بين الجماعة فرأوا مشورتهما دون تأمير. (عباد 1: 548).
والجماعة عند الموحدين هم العشرة الأوائل من أتباع المهدي محمد بن تومرت (عبد الواحد ص130). وكان أبناؤهم يسمون أبناء الجماعة، ففي كتاب ابن صاحب الصلاة (ص52 ق): في جماعة من أعيان رجال الموحدين أعانهم الله وأبناء الجماعة كأبي يحيى بن الشيخ المرحوم أبي حفص. وفي (ص73 و، ق) منه: أبناء أشياخ الجماعة أيضاً (ص74 ومنه).
وقد وجدت فيه مرة واحدة (ص73 و): أبناء شيوخ الجماعات ولا شك في أن صوابها الجماعة.
والجماعة: دار القضاء، محكمة (بواريه 1: 21).
والجماعة: جمعية أصحاب الحرف، أخويّه (بوشر). ونقابة أصحاب الحرف، إن لم أخطئ، ففي مختارات فريتاج (ص134): رَجُل حلبي حجَّار من أهل باب الأربعين يقال له يعقوب وكان مقدم الجماعة.
والجماعة: المذهب والنحلة والفرقة (بوشر).
والجماعة: الحاشية والحشم (بوشر).
والجماعة: عشيرة الرجل واتباعه وخدمه (بوشر).
والجماعة (في اصطلاح الرياضيات): المجموع. حاصل الجمع (تاريخ البربر 1: 163).
والجماعة في معجم ألكالا: بوجار Pujar.
ولما لم أجد هذا الاسم في المعاجم فقد سألت السيد لافونت، فكان جوابه: أرى إنه لا يمكن أن يكون إلا ما يسمى بالأندلس بجار Peujar، وفي قسطلينة بيكرجال، ويراد بها بذور وغلال أيضاً. فيكون معناه إذا: غلال، (راجع ألكالا في مادة أجمع).
والجماعة عند أهل الرمل اسم شكل صورته هكذا = (محيط المحيط).
وجماعة بيت: جميع أهل البيت (بوشر).
وعام الجماعة: هو عام 44 للهجرة (661 - 662 للميلاد)، وهي السنة التي اجتمع فيها المسلمون بعد الحروب التي كانت بينهم على خليفة واحد وهو معاوية. (تاريخ البربر 2: 10، ترجمة دي سلان 3: 192 رقم 1). قاضي الجماعة: أنظر في مادة قاضي.
جَمَاعِيَّ: حنيف الله، مستقيم المذهب، كاثوليك (المعجم اللاتيني العربي) وفيه ارثودوكس، كاثوليك).
جِمَاعي: زُهَري (مختص بأعضاء التناسل (بوشر).
جَمّاع: حصر يعمل منها سياج لصيد الأسماك وجمعه في ساحل صفاقس (اسيينا، مجلة الشرق والجزائر 13: 145) ويظهر أن هذه السياجات إنما سميت بهذا الاسم لأنها تجمع السمك وتحتفظ به.
وجَمّاع عسكر: حاشد الجند (بوشر).
وجمّاع العلف: منتجع، حاش الكلأ (بوشر).
جَمّاعة: من يجمع مجموعات من أشياء معينة. كالكتب مثلا. يقال: جمّاعة للكتب (المقري 1: 249، 3: 272، تاريخ البربر 1: ج26)، وجماعة للمال وهو الذي يكثر من جمع المال (تاريخ البربر 1: 502).
غير أن هذه الكلمة تستعمل أيضاً مطلقة وحدها لتدل على من يجمع كثيراً من المعارف. فالعبدري في كلامه عن بعض العلماء يقول (ص108 و) راوية جمَّاعة.
وفي الخطيب (ص26 ف): جمَّاعة نزَّاهة، ولا بد أنها تدل معنى آخر.
وفي تاريخ البربر (1: 22) في كلامه عن بعض الأمراء: كان جماعة مولعاً بالبناء.
وربما كان معناها هنا: إنه يجمع الأشياء النادرة والتحف الغريبة.
جامع: مؤلف (بوشر) ومحل الاجتماع.
(البكري ص112) وقد ترجمها دي سلان بما معناه، المسجد الجامع خطأ منه.
والجامع التي ذكرها المقري (1: 586) في كلامه عن أحد كبار الصوفية تعني فيما يظهر: الجامع لكل الفضائل ولكل الصفات الحسنة.
والجامع: مؤلف فيه منتخبات ونبذ من الشعر والنثر، ديوان المنظوم والمنثور (بوشر).
جامعة فنون: مجموعة منتخبات من شعر أو نثر، ديوان الأدب (بوشر).
وجامعة. كلمة كثيرة المعاني قليلة الألفاظ. ففي ابن جبير (ص40): وخطب الخطيب بخطبة بليغة جامعة. ولم يذكر لين كلمة جوامع وحدها بمعنى جوامع الكلم، غير أن فريتاج ذكرها وحق له أن يفعل (أنظر عباد 1: 207).
وجوامع الخلال: تدل على نفس المعنى (تاريخ البربر 1: 388).
جامعة: من اصطلاح البحرية، ولم أعرفها إلا عن طريق اللغة البرتغالية. ففي هذه اللغة تدل كلمة chumeas أو Chimeas أو chumbeas على قطع من الخشب تسمر في صاري السفينة إذا تصدع. (معجم الأسبانية 256 - 257).
صَلّى الجامع: لا بد أن يكون معناها: انتهت صلاة الجمعة. ففي رياض النفوس (ص 82ق): وفي طريقي إلى المسجد الجامع يوم الجمعة لقيت شيخاً، فقلت له يا شيخ هل صلى الجامع فقال نعم صلينا الجمعة فانصرف. وكان هذا إبليس يريد أن يصرفني عن أداء صلاة الجمعة، لأني سرت في طريقي إلى المسجد الجامع فلما دخلت وجدت أن الإمام لم يرتق المنبر بعد.
نادَى الصلاة جامعة أو النداء بالصلاة جامعة: وذلك حين يدعو الإمام الناس إلى الصلاة، ولا يكون هذا إلا في الأعياد، أو في صلاة الكسوف أو الخسوف، أو حين يريد أن يعلن لهم أمراً مهما أو نبأ (معجم البلاذري، معجم المختارات)، أما فيما يتصل بالنص الثاني الذي نقلنا (النداء بالصلاة جامعة) فأنظر مادة جماعة. (البيان 1: 55، ابن جبير ص161).
جامِعَة: أنظرها في جامع.
جُوَيْمَع: زاوية، صومعة (الكالا).
أجْمَعُ: أفضل، أكمل، ففي لطائف الثعالبي (ص75) ولم يكن في بني مروان أشجع ولا آدب ولا أحلم ولا أجمع.
وأجمع: اسم تفضيل لجامع بمعنى الذي يجمع. ففي المقري (1: 512): وكان ابن حزم أجمع أهل الأندلس قاطبة لعلوم الإسلام.
إجْماع: استدعاء، نداء بالاجتماع (بوشر).
وإجماع: اتفاق الرأي (بوشر).
وإجماع. يقال: مَجمعُ سوق: يوم اجتماع أهل السوق من بائعين وشارين في السوق (البكري 49).
ومَجْمع: صندوق كما ترجمه كاترمير (مملوك 1، 1: 13، 1: 6، 10 من التعليقات).
ومجمع: ضرب من الحقق أو الأدراج مقسم إلى عدد من البيوت (الخانات) ليوضع في كل واحد منها أشياء مختلفة منفصلة بعضها عن بعض (زيشر 20: 496) ومجمع: علبة مستديرة (محيط المحيط).
ومَجْمَع: دواة (محبرة) من الخزف (الصيني) أو المرمر مقسمة إلى أربعة بيوت (خانات) وأحياناً ستة بيوت (خانات) يوضع في كل بيت منها لون من الحبر يختلف عن الآخر (شيرب).
ومَجْمَع: ناقوس (فوك) لأنه يستخدم لجمع الناس. ويقال له مَجْمعَة أيضاً.
ومَجْمَعة: بمعنى جامعة وهو القيد أو الغل يجمع اليدين إلى العنق. وهو في معجم فوك: مجمع وجمعه مجامع. وفي معجم ألكالا: مَجامع وجمعه مجامعات.
ونجد كلمة مجامع في كتاب أبي الوليد (ص799).
والجمع مجامع، من اصطلاح البحرية، وتعني نهايات أطراف المزدوجات في السفينة حيث تتقارب قطع الخشب بعضها من بعض وذلك لأن جؤجؤ السفينة يتدور بالتدريج.
(معجم الأسبانية ص171).
مجمع البطين: من اصطلاحات الأطباء. (محيط المحيط) ولم يفسره.
ومجمع الحواس: مركز الحس في الدماغ (بوشر).
ومجمع النور: هو فيما يقول صاحب محيط المحيط: مُلْتَقَى عصبتين مجوَّفتين أودعت فيه القوة الباصرة. وقد ترجمت هذا التعريف لأستاذنا السيد دوجر أستاذ طب العيون، فقال لي: هذا لغو لا معنى له. ولعل العبارة العربية مجمع النور تعني: البقعة الصفراء في شبكية العين.
أخذه بمجامع ثيابه مثل بجُمْع ثيابه عند لين. (معجم المتفرقات). فأخذ بمجامع ثيابه (فريتاج منتخبات ص39). ويقال مجازاً: أخذت محبته بمجامع قلبي، أي بجميع أجزائه، (معجم المتفرقات). وفي ألف ليلة (1: 84): وقد وجدت لكلامها عذوبة وقد أخذ بمجامع قلبي. وفي بسام (2: 113ق): وقد غلب ابن عمُار على نفسه، وأخذ بمجامع أنسه.
مُجَمَّع: فسيفساء تصنع من قطع خشب أو حجر ثمين ترتب بصورة مختلفة.
وأجزاء مجمَّعة: قطع من الفسيفساء مرتبة. (بوشر).
مَجْمَعة: ناقوس (انظر مجمع).
مَجْمُوع، يقال: قرية مجموعة، ومدينة مجموعة، ويظهر أن مجموع معناه جامع أي قرية كبيرة ومدينة كبيرة آهلة بالسكان، ففي العبدري (ص81 ق): وهي قرية مجموعة عامرة. وفيه (ص117 ق): وهي بليدة مجموعة.
ومجموع: مجتمع الخلق قوي (بوشر).
ومجموع حشائش يابسة: حشيش، كلأ (بوشر).
اجتماع: قران الكواكب (بوشر، معجم أبي الفداء).
والاجتماع بالتعريف: قران الشمس والقمر (دي ساسي مختارات 1: 11).
واستخرج الاجتماعات ب: وجد قرانات الكواكب بواسطة (بوشر). واجتماع: امتزاج، اختلاط (ألكالا).
واجتماع: جماعة اليهود وكنيستهم (ألكالا) واجتماع: عند أهل الرمل شكل صورته (محيط المحيط).
أربع خطوط أفقية متوازية (محيط المحيط).
اجتماعية: جمعية، طائفة من الناس تتألف وفقا لنظام أو قانون (بوشر).
مُجْتَمع: جمعية، مجلس، ندوة (معجم الادريسي).

جمع

1 جَمَعَ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـَ (Mgh, TA,) inf. n. جَمْعٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) He collected; brought, or gathered, together; gathered up; assembled; congregated; mustered; drew together; or contracted; (Mgh, Er-Rághib, B, K; *) a thing; (Er-Rághib, Msb, B;) so that the several parts or portions became near together; (Er-Rághib, B;) or a thing in a scattered, or dispersed, state; (Fr, S;) and a number of men; (Fr;) as also ↓ جمّع; [or this has only an intensive signification;] and ↓ اجمع. (TA.) [See also the inf. n., جَمْعٌ, below; and] see 2; and 10. b2: [جَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا He brought them two together, into a state of union, after separation; and particularly, reconciled them; conciliated them: and he, or it, united, connected, or formed a connexion between, them two: see 3 (last sentence) in art. دنو.] b3: جَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابَهُ He put on, or attired himself with, his clothes. (TA.) b4: جَمَعَتِ الجَارِيَةُ The girl put on the دِرْع and the خِمَار and the مِلْحَفَة; (S, TA;) i. e., (tropical:) became a young woman; (S, K, TA;) became full-grown. (TA.) b5: مَا جَمَعْتُ بِامْرَأَةٍ قَطُّ, and عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ, (assumed tropical:) I have never gone in to a woman; or I have never had a woman conducted to me as my bride. (Ks, K.) b6: فَاجْمَعُوا كَيْدَكُمْ, and فَجَمَعَ كَيْدَهُ: see 4. b7: جَمَعَ أَمْرَهُ: see 4. b8: [جَمَعَ also signifies He composed, arranged, or settled, a thing, or an affair; as in the phrase جَمَعَ اللّٰهُ شَمْلَهُ: see art. شمل. b9: Also It comprised, comprehended, or contained.] b10: Also He pluralized a word; made it to have a plural, or plurals. (The Lexicons passim.) 2 جمّع, (Fr, Msb,) inf. n. تَجْمِيعٌ, (K,) He collected; brought, or gathered, together; gathered up; assembled; congregated; mustered; drew together; or contracted; [thus I render جَمَعَ, as explained above;] much; with much, or extraordinary, energy, or effectiveness, or the like; vigorously; or well. (Bd in civ. 2; Msb, K.) Thus in the Kur [civ. 2], الَّذِى جَمَّعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (S, * Bd) Who hath collected much wealth, and hath made it a provision for the casualties of fortune, or reckoned it time after time: (Bd:) [or who hath amassed, or accumulated, wealth, &c.:] or who hath gained, acquired, or earned, wealth, &c.; thus differing from جَمَعَ, explained above: but it is allowable to say مَالًا ↓ جَمَعَ, without teshdeed; (Fr;) and thus it is [generally] read in this passage of the Kur. (Bd.) See also 1. b2: حَمَّعَتْ, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) She (a hen) collected her eggs in her belly. (K, TA.) b3: جَمَّعُوا, (inf. n. as above, S,) They were present on the Friday, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or with the congregation [then collected], (Mgh,) and performed the prayers [with the congregation] on that day. (S, Mgh.) b4: Hence the saying, أَوَّلُ جُمْعَةٍ جُمِّعَتْ فِى

الإِسْلَامُ بَعْدَ المَدِينَةِ بِجُؤَاثِى [The first Friday that was observed by the performance of congregational prayer in the time of El-Islám, after the observance thereof in El-Medeeneh, was in Ju-áthà]. (TA.) 3 جامعهُ عَلَى أَمْرِ كَذَا, (S, K,) inf. n. مُجَامَعَةٌ (TK) [and جِمَاعٌ], He combined with him, (مَعَهُ ↓ اجتمع, S, K, TA,) and aided him, (TA,) to do such a thing. (S, * K, * TA.) It is said in a trad. of Aboo-Dharr, وَلَا جِمَاعَ لَنَا فِيمَا بَعْدُ i. e. لَنَا ↓ لَااجْتِمَاعَ [which may mean Nor any combining, or nor any coming together, for us afterwards: see 8]. (TA.) b2: جامع امْرَأَتَهُ, (Msb,) inf. n. مُجَامَعَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and جِمَاعٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) (tropical:) He lay with his wife; compressed her. (S, * Mgh, * Msb, K. *) [The latter inf. n. is the more common as meaning Coïtus conjugalis, or the act of compressing].

A2: اِسْتَأْجَرَ الأَجِيرَ مُجَامَعةً, and جِمَاعًا, He hired the hireling for a certain pay every week. (Lh, * TA.) 4 اجمع: see 1. أَجْمَعْتُ الشَّىْءَ signifies I put the thing together; such, for instance, as spoil, or plunder. (S.) You say, أَجْمَعْتُ النَّهْبِ, meaning I collected together from every quarter the camels taken as spoil from the people to whom they belonged, and drove them away: (AHeyth:) or إِجْمَاعٌ signifies [simply] the driving of camels together, or collectively. (K.) b2: الإِجْمَاعُ also signifies The composing and settling a thing which has been discomposed [and unsettled]; as an opinion upon which one determines, resolves, or decides: (TA:) or جَعْلُ الأَمْرِ جَمِيعًا بَعْدَ تَفَرُّقِهِ, (AHeyth, K,) i. e. the determining, resolving, or deciding, upon an affair, so as to make it firmly settled, [after it had been unsettled in the mind, or] after considering what might be its issues, or results, and saying at one time, I will do thus, and at another time, I will do thus. (AHeyth.) You say, أَجْمَعْتُ الأَمْرَ, (Ks, S, Mgh, * Msb, K,) and عَلَى الأَمْرِ, (Mgh, * Msb, K,) I determined, resolved, or decided, upon the affair; (Ks, S, Mgh, * Msb, K;) as though I collected myself, or my mind, for it; (TA;) as, for instance, a journeying, and a fasting, (Mgh, Msb,) and a going forth, and a tarrying or an abiding; (TA;) and in like manner, أَمْرَهُ ↓ جَمَعَ He determined, resolved, or decided, upon his affair; as, for instance, a fasting: (TA:) and أَجْمَعْتُ الرَّأْىِ I determined, or settled, the opinion. (TA.) Yousay also, أَجْمِعْ أَمْرَكَ وَلَا تَدَعْهُ مُنْتَشِرًا [Determine thou, or decide, upon thine affair, and do not leave it unsettled]. (S.) The saying, in the Kur [x. 72], فَأَجْمَعُوا أَمْرَكُمْ وَشُرَكَآءَ كُمْ means Then determine ye, or resolve, or decide, upon your affair, (Fr, Ibn-'Arafeh, Bd,) and prepare for it, (Fr,) or اِجْعَلُوهُ جَمِيعًا, [which has the former of these meanings, as shown above,] (AHeyth,) and call ye your companions, (Fr, S, Bd, K,) شركاءكم being governed in the accus. case by the verb understood, (Bd, TA,) becanse the verb in the text is not used with شركاء for its object, (S, K,) but only the unaugmented verb: (S:) or the meaning is then determine ye, with your companions, upon your affair; (Bd, K;) so says Aboo-Is-hák, adding that what Fr says is erroneous: (TA:) or then determine ye upon your affair and the affair of your companions, for وَأَمْرَ شُرَكَائِكُمْ. (Bd.) It is also said that the phrase, in the Kur [xx. 67], فَأَجْمِعُوا كَيْدَكُمْ meansTherefore determine ye, or resolve, or decide, upon your artifice, or stratagem: (TA:) but some read كَيْدَكُمْ ↓ فَاجْمَعُوا, (Bd, TA,) meaning therefore combine ye all your artifice; leave nothing thereof unexerted; (TA;) and this latter reading is favoured by the phrase كَيْدَهُ ↓ فَجَمَع [in verse 62 of the same ch.]. (Bd.) b3: Also The agreeing, or uniting, in opinion. (K, * TA.) Yousay, أَجْمَعُوا عَلَى الأَمْرِ meaning They agreed, or were of one mind or opinion, upon, or respecting, the affair; (Mgh, Msb;) [and so عَلَيْهِ ↓ اجتمعوا; and عليه ↓ تجمّعوا.] b4: Also The preparing [a thing], or making [it] ready; syn. الإِعْدَادُ. (K, TA. [In the CK, erroneously, الاَعْدَادُ.]) Yousay, أَجْمَعْتُ كَذَا I prepared, or made ready, such a thing. (TA.) And أَجْمِعُوا أَمْرَكُمْ Prepare ye for your affair. (Fr.) b5: Also The binding the teats of a she-camel all together with the صِرَار, q. v. (K.) You say, اجمع بِالنَّاقَةِ, (S, TA,) and اجمع النَّاقَةِ, (TA,) He so bound the teats of the she-camel; (S, TA;) and so أَكْمَشَ بِهَا. (TA.) b6: Also The drying [a thing]; drying [it] up; making [it] dry; syn. التَّجْفِيفُ وَالإِيبَاسُ. (K TA. [In the CK, erroneously, التَخْفُيفُ والاِيْناسُ.]) Hence the saying of Aboo-Wejzeh Es-Saadee, وَأَجْمَعَتِ الهَوَاجِرُ كُلَّ رَجْعٍ

مِنَ الأَجْمَادِ وَالدَّمِثِ البَثَآءِ i.e. [And the vehement mid-day-heats] dried up every pool left by a torrent [of the hard and elevated grounds and of the soft and even ground]. (TA.) b7: اجمع المَطَرُ الأَرْضِ The rain made the whole of the land, both its soft tracts and its hard tracts, to flow: (K:) and in like manner you say, أَجْمَعَتِ الأَرْضُ سَائِلَةً The land flowed in its soft tracts [as well as in its hard tracts; i. e., in every part]. (TA.) [See also 10.]5 تَجَمَّعَ see 8, in three places: and see also 4, latter half.7 انجمع عَنِ النَّاسِ [He withdrew himself from men]. (TA in art. قبض.) 8 اجتمع It (a thing in a scattered or dispersed state, S, and a number of men, Msb, [and a number of things,]) became collected, brought together, gathered together, gathered up, assembled, congregated, mustered, drawn together, or contracted; or it collected, collected itself together, gathered itself together, came together, assembled, congregated, drew itself together, contracted itself; coalesced; combined; (K, TA;) so that the several parts or portions became near [or close] together; (TA;) as also اِجْدَمَعَ, (K,) with د [substituted for the ت]; (TA;) and ↓ تجمّع and ↓ استجمع signify the same: (Msb, K:) and ↓ تجمّعوا signifies they became collected, &c., [from several places, or] hence and thence. (S, K:) [See also 10.] You say also, اجتمع مَعَهُ (Mgh) and بِهِ (Msb) [meaning He was, or became, in company with him; came together with him; met with him; met him; had a meeting, or an interview, with him]. And اجتمع مَعَهُ عَلَى أَمْرِ كَذَا: (S, K:) see 3, first sentence: and see the sentence there next following. And in like manner, عَلَى ↓ تجمّعوا فُلَانٍ They combined, conspired, or leagued, together against such a one. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA in art. ضفر.) [See also اجتمعوا عَلَى الأَمْرِ in 4, latter half.] You also say, اِجْتَمَعَتِ آرَاؤُهُمْ عَلَى الأَمْرِ [Their opinions agreed together, or were in unison, upon, or respecting, the affair]. (Er-Rághib.) and اِجْتَمَعَتْ شَرَائِطُ الإِمَامَةِ The conditions of the office of Imám occurred together [or were combined, or they coexisted, in such a case]; as also ↓ اِسْتَجْمَعَتْ. (Msb: [but it is implied in the Mgh that the latter verb in this sense is not of established authority.]) [See a similar ex. voce ارتفع.] b2: [He, or it, was, or became, compact in make or frame, compressed, contracted, or the like. b3: And hence,] He (a man) attained to his full state of manly vigour, and his beard became fullgrown. (K, TA.) The verb is not thus used in speaking of a woman. (S, TA.) b4: [Hence also,] اجتمع فِى الحَاجَةِ [He was quick and vigorous in executing the needful affair, or in accomplishing that which was wanted; as though he compacted his frame, and collected all his energy: see مَشَى مُجْتَمِعًا, below: and see also 10]. (TA in art. كمش.) b5: [Hence also,] اِجْتَمَعَتِ القِدْرُ The cooking-pot boiled. (Z, TA.) b6: [Hence also, اجتمع said of a thing, or an affair, It was, or became, composed, arranged, or settled.]10 إِسْتَجْمَعَ ↓ استجمع كُلَّ مَجْمَعٍ [He desired, or demanded, the collecting together of every body of soldiers; or he summoned together every body of soldiers]: said of him who demands, or summons, armies, or military forces. (S, TA.) [But this usage of the verb is perhaps post-classical: for Mtr says,] With respect to the saying of ElAbeewardee, شَآمِيَّةٌ تَسْتَجْمِعُ الشَّوْلَ حَرْجَفُ [A north wind, cold and vehement, inviting to collect themselves together the she-camels whose milk has dried up, they having passed seven or eight months since bringing forth, or since pregnancy], it seems that he has compared this verb with the generality of others of the same class, [and so derived the meaning in which he has here used it,] or that he heard it [in that sense] from the people of the cities, or towns, or villages, and cultivated lands. (Mgh.) A2: استجمع used intransitively is syn. with اجتمع, which see in two places, and تجمّع. (Msb, K.) b2: استجمع السَّيْلُ The torrent collected itself together from every place. (S, Mgh, K.) b3: استجمع الوَادِى

The valley flowed in every place thereof. (TA.) [See also 4, last signification.] b4: اِسْتَجْمَعَتْ لَهُ

أُمُورُهُ His affairs, or circumstances, all combined in a manner pleasing to him. (Mgh, K.) b5: استجمع الفَرَسُ جَرْيًا (S, Mgh, K) The horse exerted all his force, or energy, in running: (K, TA:) the last word is here in the accus. case as a specificative. (Mgh.) You say also, اِسْتَجْمَعُوا لَهُمْ, meaning They exerted [all] their strength, force, or energy, for fighting them: and hence, لَكُمْ ↓ إِنَّ النَّاسِ قَدْ جَمَعُوا [app. meaning Verily the men, or people, have exerted all their strength for fighting you]. (A, TA.) b6: استجمع القَوْمُ The people, or company of men, all went away, not one of them remaining; like as one says of a valley flowing in every place thereof. (TA.) b7: استجمع البَقْلُ The herbs, or leguminous plants, all dried up. (TA.) جَمْعٌ inf. n. of 1. (S, &c.) [Hence,] يَوْمُ الجَمْعِ The day of resurrection [when all mankind will be collected together]. (IDrd, K.) b2: Also, without the article ال, A name of El-Muzdelifeh [between 'Arafát and Minè]; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) determinate, like عَرَفَاتُ: (TA:) so called because people collect themselves there; (S, Msb;) or because Adam there met with Eve (Mgh, Msb) after they had fallen [from Paradise]: (TA:) [or, app., a name of the tract from 'Arafát to Minè inclusive of these two places: and hence,] يَوْمُ جَمْعٍ the day of 'Arafeh [when the pilgrims halt at Mount 'Arafát]: and أَيَّامُ جَمْعٍ the days of Minè. (IDrd, K.) b3: As an inf. n. used as a subst., properly so termed, (S, * Mgh, Msb,) it also signifies A collection; a number together; an assembly; a company, troop, congregated or collective body, party, or group; a mass; syn. ↓ جَمَاعَةٌ, (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K,) of men; (S, L, K;) as also ↓ مَجْمَعٌ (L, Msb, TA) and ↓ مَجْمِعٌ (Msb) and ↓ مَجْمَعَةٌ (L, TA) and ↓ جَمِيعٌ: (O, K:) but ↓ جَمَاعَةٌ is also used as signifying a collection, a number together, or an assemblage, of other things than men; [of beasts, as camels, horses and the like, bulls and cows, and antelopes, gazelles, &c., i. e. a herd, troop, or drove; of dogs, i. e. a pack; of sheep and goats, i. e. a flock; of birds, i. e. a flock or bevy; of bees, and locusts, &c., i. e. a swarm;] and even of trees, and of plants; (L, TA;) it signifies a collection, or an assemblage, or aggregate, of any things, consisting of many and of few; (Msb;) [as also ↓ مَجْمُوعٌ and ↓ مَجْمَعٌ;] a number, a plurality, and a multitude, of any things: (TA:) the pl. of جَمْعٌ is جُمُوعٌ. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) b4: and particularly, An army; a military force; (TA;) as also ↓ جَمِيعٌ. (S, K.) Whence the phrase, in a trad., لَهُ سَهْمٌ جَمْعٌ, [or, more probably, سَهْمُ جَمْعٍ,] meaning For him or shall be, the like of an army's share of the spoil. (TA.) b5: Also The plural of a thing [or word; i. e. a proper plural, according to the grammarians; and also applied by the lexicologists to a quasi-plural noun, which the grammarians distinguish by the terms اِسْمُ جَمْعٍ and جَمْعٌ لُغَوِىٌّ]; and so ↓ جِمَاعٌ, (S, K,) and ↓ جَمِيعٌ, except that this last is what is termed اِسْمٌ لَازِمٌ [app. meaning a subst. which does not govern another as its complement in the gen. case like as جَمْعٌ and جِمَاعٌ do, being thus likened to what is termed فِعْلٌ لَازِمٌ, i. e. an intransitive verb; so that you say of الخِبَآءُ, for instance, الجَمِيعُ الأَخْبِيَةُ the plural is الاخبية; for in this manner I always find it used when it has this signification, which is frequently the case in several of the older lexicons, and in some others; not جَمِيعُ الخِبَآءِ الأَخْبِيَةُ]; (TA;) [whereas] you say, [جَمْعُ الخِبَآءِ الأَخْبِيَةُ and] ↓ جِمَاعُ الخِبَآءِ الأَخْبِيَةُ, (S, K,) i. e. the جَمْع [or plural] of الخباء is الخِبَآءِ; (K) for ↓ الجِمَاعُ is what comprises a number [of things]. (S, K.) See also this last word below. b6: And see also the next paragraph, in three places. b7: The worst sort of dates; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) because they are collected together and mixed, (Mgh, Msb,) from among the dates of fifty palm-trees: (Mgh:) and afterwards, by predominant usage, [any] bad dates: (Mgh, * Msb:) or a certain kind of dates (K, TA) mixed together, of several sorts, not in request, and not mixed but for their badness: (TA:) or it signifies, (Mgh, K,) or signifies also, (S, Msb,) palm-trees (As, S, Mgh, Msb, K) of any kind, (As, Mgh, Msb,) growing from the date-stones, (S, K,) of which the name is unknown. (As, S, Mgh, Msb, K.) b8: Red gum; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) [app. because collected and mixed with gum of lighter colour.] b9: The milk of any camel having her udder bound with the صِرَار [q. v.]; ([i. e. the milk that collects in the udder so bound;] that of any camel not having her udder bound therewith is called فُوَاقٌ;) as also ↓ جَمِيعٌ. (K.) الجُمْعُ, (TA, and EM p. 102,) and جُمْعُ الكَفِّ, (S, Msb, K,) and الكَفِّ ↓ جِمْعُ, (Msb, K, and so in the margin of a copy of the S, as mentioned in the TA,) and الكَفِّ ↓ جَمْعُ, (Msb,) The fist; the hand clinched; (S, Msb, K;) the hand with the fingers put together and contracted in the palm: (TA, * and EM ubi suprà:) pl. أَجْمَاعٌ. (K.) Yousay, ضَرَبْتُهُ بِجُمْعِ كَفِّى I beat him, or struck him, with my fist. (S, Msb. *) And ضَرَبُوهُ بِأَجْمَاعِهِمْ They beat him, or struck him, with their [clinched] hands. (TA.) And جَآءَ فُلَانٌ بِقُبْضَةٍ مِلْءٍ جُمْعِهِ Such a one came with a quantity in his grasp as much as filled his clinched hand. (S, TA.) and جُمْعُ الكَفِّ signifies [also] The quantity that a hand grasps, of money &c. (Ham p. 778.) b2: أَخَذْتُ فُلَانًا بِجُمْعِ ثِيَابِهِ, (S, Msb, *) and ↓ بِجَمْعِ ثِيَابِهِ, (Msb,) i. e. [I took, or seized, such a one] by the part where his garments met together. (Msb.) b3: أَمْرُهُمْ بِجُمْعِ, and ↓ بِجِمْعٍ, (tropical:) Their affair, or case, is concealed, (S, K,) undivulged by them, and unknown by any one [beside them]. (S, TA.) b4: ذَهَبَ الشَّهْرُ بِجُمْعٍ, and ↓ بِجِمْعٍ, The month passed away wholly; all of it. (K, TA.) b5: هِىَ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا بِجُمْعٍ, (S, Mgh, K,) and ↓ بِجِمْعٍ, (S, K,) She is as yet undevirginated, or undeflowered, (S, Mgh, K,) by her husband. (S, Mgh.) and طُلِّقَتْ بِجُمْعٍ, or ↓ بِجِمْعٍ, She was divorced being yet a virgin. (TA.) And مَاتَتْ بِجُمْعٍ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ بِجِمْعٍ, (Ks, S, Msb, K,) and ↓ بِجَمْعٍ, (K,) She died a virgin: (Mgh, Msb, K:) or it signifies, (S, K,) or signifies also, (Mgh, Msb,) she died being with child; (Az, S, Mgh, Msb, K;) whether suffering the pains of parturition or not: (Az:) or heavy with child: (K:) occurring in the first sense, (Mgh, TA,) or, as some say, in the last, (TA,) in a trad., in which it is said that a woman who so dies is a martyr: (Mgh, TA:) it properly signifies she died with something comprised in her, not separated from her, whether it were a burden in the womb, or her maidenhead: (Sgh:) [the pl. is أَجْمَاعٌ; for] you say, مَاتَتِ النِّسَآءُ بِأَجْمَاعٍ The women died [being virgins: or] being with child. (Az.) You say also, نَاقَةٌ جُمْعٌ A she-camel with young. (TA.) And ↓ اِمْرَأَةٌ جَامِعٌ A woman with child. (TA.) جِمْعٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in six places.

جُمَعٌ pl. of جَمْعَآءُ, fem. of أَجْمَعُ [q. v.].

جُمْعَةٌ is [a subst.] from الاِجْتِمَاعُ, like as [its contr.] فُرْقَةٌ is [ a subst.] from الااِفْتِرَاقُ: (Mgh:) and signifies A state of union, agreement, congruity, or congregation: or sociableness, socialness, familiarity, companionableness, companionship, fellowship, friendship, and amity: syn. أُلْفَةٌ: as in the saying, أَدَامَ اللّٰهُ جُمْعَةَ مَا بَيْنَكُمَا [May God make permanent the state of union, &c., subsisting between you two]. (Aboo-Sa'eed, K.) b2: Hence, (Mgh,) يَوْمُ الجُمْعَةِ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) the original form, (TA,) of the dial. of 'Okeyl; (Msb, TA;) and يَوْمُ الجُمُعَةِ, (S, Msb, K,) the most chaste form, (TA,) of the dial. of El-Hijáz; (Msb, TA;) and يَوْمُ الجُمَعَةِ, (Msb, K,) of the dial. of Benoo-Temeem; (Msb, TA;) and, in consequence of frequency of usage, الجُمَعَةُ alone; (Mgh;) A well-known day; (K;) [the day of the congregation; i. e. Friday;] formerly called (TA) the day of العَرُوبَة: (S, TA:) called يوم الجمعة because of the congregating of the people thereon: (Msb:) Th asserts that the first who named it thus was Kaab Ibn-Lu-eí; and he is related to have said that it was thus called because Kureysh used to gather themselves together to Kuseí, [on that day,] in [the building called] دَارُ النَّدْوَةِ: (TA:) accord. to the R, Kaab Ibn-Lu-eí was the first who collected a congregation on the day of العروبة, which was not called الجمعة save since the coming of El-Islám; [or it was not generally thus called before El-Islám; for it is added,] and he was the first who named it الجمعة; for Kureysh used to congregate to him on this day, and he used to preach to them, and to put them in mind of the mission of the apostle of God, informing them that he should be of his descendants, and bidding them to follow him and to believe in him: (TA:) or, as some say, it was thus called in the time of El-Islám because of their congregating [thereon] in the mosque: accord. to a trad., the Ansár named it thus, because of their congregating thereon: (TA:) or it was thus named because God collected thereon the materials of which Adam was created: (I 'Ab:) those who say الجُمَعَةُ regard it as an epithet, meaning that this day collects men much; comparing it to هُمَزَةٌ and لُمَزَةٌ and ضُحَكَةٌ: (TA:) the pl. is جُمَعٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and جُمْعَاتٌ (Msb, K) and جُمُعَاتٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and جُمَعَاتٌ; (Msb, K;) of which the last is pl. of جُمَعَةٌ, [as well as of جُمْعَةٌ, accord. to analogy,] but not so جُمَعٌ (AHát) [nor either of the other pls. mentioned above]. b3: In like manner you say صَلَاةٌ الجُمْعَةِ [The prayer of Friday], and, in consequence of the frequency of usage, الجُمْعَةُ alone. (Mgh.) b4: الجُمْعَةُ, with the م quiescent, is also a name for [The week; i. e.] the days of the week [collectively]; of which the Arabs are said, by IAar, to have reckoned the Sabbath (السَّبْت [i. e. Saturday]) as the first, though they called Sunday the first of the days. (Msb.) b5: جُمْعَةٌ is also syn. with مَجْمُوعَةٌ [meaning Things collected together; or a collection of things]; (K;) as in the phrase جُمْعَةٌ مِنْ حَصًى [a collection of pebbles]. (TA.) b6: You say also جُمْعَةٌ مِنْ تَمْرٍ, meaning A handful of dates. (S, K.) جَمْعِىٌّ Of, or relating to, a plural.]

جُمَعِىٌّ One who fasts on Friday by himself. (IAar, Th.) جِمَاعٌ: see جَمْعٌ as signifying “ a plural,” in three places. [The primary signification seems to be the last there mentioned; where it is said,] الجِمَاعُ is What comprises a number [of things]: (S, K:) one says, الخَمْرُ جِمَاعُ الإِثْمِ (S, TA) [i. e. Wine is what comprises a number of sins: or] that in which sin is comprised, and known to be: the saying is a trad.: (TA:) or جِمَاعُ الإِثْمِ signifies the plurality (جَمْع) of sins. (Msb.) Hence also the saying of El-Hasan El-Basree, اِتَّقُوا هٰذِهِ الأَهْوَآءَ فَإِنَّ جِمَاعَهَا الضَّلَالَةُ وَمَعَادَهَا النَّارُ [Beware ye of these natural desires; for what they involve is error, and the place to which they lead is the fire of Hell]. (TA: in the L, وميعادها.) And it is said in a trad., حَدِّثْنِى بِكَلِمَةٍ تَكُونُ جِمَاعًا i. e. Tell me a saying comprising [virtually] a plurality of sayings. (TA.) [See a similar phrase below, voce جَامِعٌ.] b2: [Hence also,] بُرْمَةٌ جِمَاعٌ A stonecooking-pot of the largest size: (Ks, L:) or قِدْرٌ جِمَاعٌ, and ↓ جَامِعَةٌ, (S, K, TA,) a cooking-pot that comprises a slaughtered camel; or, accord. to the A, that comprises a sheep or goat: (TA:) or a great cooking-pot; (S, K;) as also ↓ جَامِعٌ: (Sgh, K:) pl. [most probably of this last] جُمْعٌ [like as بُزْلٌ is pl. of بَازِلٌ, &c.]. (K.) b3: Yousay also, فُلَانٌ جِمَاعٌ لِبَنِى فُلَانٍ Such a one is an object of resort for his counsel and authority to the sons of such a one. (TA.) A2: [See also 3.]

جَمُوعٌ: see جَمَّاعٌ.

جَمِيعٌ In a state of collection, congregation, or union; being together; met together; [as also ↓ مُجْتَمِعٌ;] contr. of مُتَفَرِّقٌ. (S, K.) You say قَوْمٌ جَمِيعٌ A people, or number of men, in a state of collection, &c.; being together; met together; syn. ↓ مُجْتَمِعُونَ: (TA:) and in like manner, ↓ إِبِلٌ جَمَّاعَةٌ Camels in a state of collection; &c. (TA.) b2: [All, or the whole, of any things or thing.] See أَجْمَعُ, last sentence. b3: [As an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant,] A tribe [or any number of men] in a state of collection, congregation, or union; being together; met together; syn. ↓ حَىٌّ مُجْتَمِعٌ. (S, K.) See also جَمْعٌ, in four places. b4: A man compact, or compressed, or contracted, in make, or frame: (الخَلْقِ ↓ مُجْتَمِعُ;) strong; who has not become decrepit nor infirm. (TA.) b5: رَجُلٌ جَمِيعٌ اللَّأْمَةِ A man having his arms, or weapons, collected together. (TA.) b6: رَجُلٌ جَمِيعُ الرَّأْىِ, and ↓ مُجْتَمِعُهُ, A man of right, not disordered or unsettled, opinion, or judgment, or counsel. (TA.) b7: جَعَلَ الأَمْرَ جَمِيعًا بَعْدَ تَفَرُّقِهِ (AHeyth, K) He determined, resolved, or decided, upon the affair, so as to make it firmly settled, [after it had been unsettled in his mind, or] after considering what might be its issues, or results, and saying at one time, I will do thus, and at another time, I will do thus. (AHeyth.) جَمَاعَةٌ: see جَمْعٌ, in two places.

جَمَّاعٌ and ↓ مِجْمَعٌ [are mentioned together, but not explained, in the TA: the former signifies, and probably, judging from analogy, the latter likewise, as also ↓ جَمُوعٌ, One who collects much; or who collects many things]. b2: إِبِلٌ جَمَّاعَةٌ: see جَمِيعٌ جُمَّاعٌ Anything of which the several component parts are collected, brought, gathered, or drawn, together. (IDrd, K.) b2: [Hence,] as an epithet, applied to a woman, it means Short. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] جُمَّاعٌ الثُّرَيَّا The cluster of the Pleiades: (IDrd:) or persons who collect together for the rain of the Pleiades, which is the rain called الوَسْمِىّ, looking for the fruitfulness and herbage resulting from it. (IAar.) b4: And جُمَّاعُ النَّاسِ A medley, or mixed or promiscuous multitude or collection, of men, or people, (S, Msb, K,) of various tribes; (S, K;) as also جُمَّاعٌ alone: (TA:) or the latter, people scattered, or in a state of dispersion. (Ham p. 302.) b5: جُمَّاعٌ also signifies The place [either properly or tropically] which comprises the origin of anything; (K, TA;) the source of descent or extraction of people; and hence applied by I 'Ab to main tribes from which other tribes are derived; or, as some say, used by him as meaning various classes of men, such as are termed أَوْزَاع and أَوْشَاب. (TA.) b6: [And The main, or most essential, part of a thing. Thus,] جُمَّاعُ جَسَدِ الإِنْسَانِ means The head of the man. (TA.) b7: جُمَّاعُ التَّمْرِ The contraction (تَجَمُّع) of the envelopes of the flowers of dates, in one place, upon [the germs of] the fruit, or produce, thereof. (TA.) جَامِعٌ [act. part. n. of 1; Collecting; &c.] b2: الجَامِعُ one of the names of God; meaning The Collector of the created beings for the day of reckoning: or, as some say, the Combiner of things of similar natures and of things of contrary natures, in existence. (IAth.) b3: The belly; [because it collects what passes from the stomach;] of the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) b4: Also, (Msb,) or المَسْجِدُ الجَامِعُ, (S, K,) [The congregational mosque;] the mosque in which the [congregational] prayers of Friday are performed; because it collects the people for a certain time; (Msb;) and you may also say, مَسْجِدُ الجَامِعِ, meaning مَسْجِدُ اليَوْمِ الجَامِعِ, (S, K,) like as you say الحَقُّ اليَقِينُ and حَقُّ اليَقِينِ, [the latter] as meaning حَقُّ الشَّىْءِ اليَقِينِ; for it is not allowable to prefix a noun to another of the same meaning except with this kind of subaudition; or, accord. to Fr, the Arabs used to do so because of the difference of the two words themselves: (S:) or مسجد الجامع is a mistake: (K:) so says Lth; but all others allow it; for the Arabs prefix a subst. to another signifying the same thing, and also to its epithet, as in the phrases in the Kur دِينُ القَيِّمَةِ [ch. xcviii. v. 4] and وَعْدَ الصِّدْقِ [ch. xlvi. v. 15]: (Az, TA:) [pl. جَوَامِعُ.] b5: مِصْرٌ جَامِعٌ [A great town comprising a large population; a comprehensive great town]. (Msb in art. مدن [where it is given as the explanation of مَدِينَةٌ]; and K in art. قرى [where it is less properly given as the explanation of قَرْيَةٌ].) b6: قِدْرٌ جَامِعٌ and جَامِعَةٌ: see جِمَاعٌ b7: اِمْرَأَةٌ جامِعٌ: see the paragraph commencing with الجُمْعُ; last signification. b8: أَتَانٌ جَامِعٌ A she-ass pregnant when beginning to be so. (S, O, K.) b9: ↓ جَامِعَةٌ A [collar of the kind called]

غُلّ; (S, K;) because it collects together the two hands to the neck: (S:) pl. جَوَامِعُ. (TA.) b10: أَمْرٌ جَامِعٌ An affair that collects people together: or, as Er-Rághib says, a momentous affair, on account of which people collect themselves together; as though the affair itself collected them. (TA.) [Similar to this is the saying,] الصَّلَاةُ جَامِعَةٌ لِكُلِّ النَّاسِ Prayer is a collector of all people. (Msb.) b11: It is said of Mohammad, (Msb,) كَانَ يَتَكَلَّمُ بِجَوَامِعِ الكَلِمِ He used to speak comprehensive but concise language; language conveying many meanings in few words. (Msb, K. [In the CK, الكلم is omitted.]) and hence the saying of 'Omar Ibn-'Abd-el-'Azeez, عَجِبْتُ لِمَنْ لَاحَنَ النَّاسَ كَيْفَ لَا يَعْرِفُ جَوَامِعَ الكَلِمِ, meaning [I wonder at him who vies with men in endeavouring to show his superiority of intelligence,] how it is that he does not [know the way to] confine himself to conciseness, and abstain from superfluity, of speech. (TA.) In like manner, (TA,) it is said in a trad., أُوتِيتُ جَوَامِعَ الكَلِمِ, meaning I have had communicated to me the Kur-án, (K, TA,) in which many meanings are comprised in a few words. (TA.) الجَوَامِعُ مِنَ الدُّعَآءِ, also, signifies Prayers, or supplications, combining petitions for good and right objects of desire with praise of God and with the general prescribed observances proper to the case. (TA.) You say also, المَحَامِدِ ↓ حَمِدْتُ اللّٰهَ بِمَجَامِعِ I praised God with words comprising various forms of praise. (Msb.) [See also جِمَاعٌ.] b12: رَجُلٌ جَامِعٌ A man who combines such qualities that he is suited to hardship and to easiness of circumstances. (As. T in art. ادم.) And رَجُلٌ جَامِعٌ لِلْخَيْرِ (T and M and K in art. ام) A man combining all kinds of good qualities. (TK in that art.) b13: دَابَّةٌ جَامِعٌ A beast fit for the إِكَاف and the سَرْج [i. e. for the saddle of either of the kinds thus called]. (Sgh, K.) b14: جَمَلٌ جَامِعٌ, and نَاقَةٌ جَامِعَةٌ, (K,) accord. to ISh, (TA,) A hecamel, and a she-camel, that fails of putting forth the tooth called ناب at the time expected; expl. by أَخْلَفَا بُزُولًا: but this is not said except after four years: (K:) so in the copies of the K; but correctly, accord. to the O and TS, this is not said after four years, [app. reckoned from the usual time of بزول, for this is in the ninth year, or, sometimes, in the eighth,] without the exceptive particle. (TA.) جَامِعَةٌ used as a subst.: see the next preceding paragraph.

أَجْمَعُ [Collecting, comprising, or containing, a greater, or the greatest, number or quantity; more, or most, comprehensive. Of its usage in a superlative sense, the following are exs.]. إِذَا أَخَذَ شَاهِدَ زُورٍ بَعَثَ بِهِ إِلَى السُّوقِ أَجْمَعَ مَا كَانَ [When he took a false witness, he sent him to the market when it comprised, or contained, the greatest number of people]: اجمع being here in the accus. case as a denotative of state with respect to the سوق: and the reason why كانت is not here said [instead of كان] is that سوق is sometimes masc. (Mgh.) And اِفْعَلْ مَا هُوَ أَجْمَعُ لِأُصُولِ الأَحْكَامِ [Do thou that which is most comprehensive in relation to the principles of the ordinances applying to the case]. (Msb in art. حوط.) A2: [As a simple epithet, Entire, complete, or whole: fem.

جَمْعَآءُ. You say,] بَهِيمَةٌ جَمْعَآءُ A beast free from defects, entire in all its limbs or members, without mutilation, and without cauterization; (TA;) a beast from the body of which nothing has gone. (S, K.) b2: نَاقَةٌ جَمْعَآءُ [may sometimes have the like meaning: or,] accord. to IAar, (TA,) A she-camel extremely aged, (K, TA,) so that her teeth have become short, and almost gone. (TA.) A3: It is also a sing. having the meaning of a pl., (S, K,) without any proper sing. of its own: (S:) its pl. is أَجْمَعُونَ: and its fem. is جَمْعَآءُ: (S, K:) and the pl. of this last is جُمَعُ, though by rule it should be formed by the addition of ا and ت to the sing., like as the pl. of أَجْمَعُ is formed by the addition of و and ن; (S;) the original form from which جُمَعُ is changed being جَمْعَاوَاتٌ; or it is جَمَاعَى; it is not جُمْعٌ, because أَجْمَعُ is not an epithet, like as أَحْمَرُ is, of which the pl. is حُمْرٌ; (L;) for it is determinate, though of the measure of an epithet, which is indeterminate; (AAF;) and though it is in concordance with the noun which precedes it, like an epithet, it is shown to be not an epithet by its not having a broken pl.: (L:) it is a simple corroborative; (S, K;) and so are أَجْمَعُونَ and جَمْعَآءُ and جُمَعُ; not used as an inchoative nor as an enunciative nor as the agent of a verb nor as the objective complement of a verb, like as are some other corroboratives, such as نَفْسُهُ and عَيْنُهُ and كُلُّهُ. (S.) You say, أَخَذْتُ حَقِّى أَجْمَعَ [I took my right, or due, all of it, or altogether]: and رأَيْتُ النِّسْوَةَ جُمَعَ [I saw the women, all of them, or all together]: the last word in this and similar cases being imperfectly declinable, and determinate word: (Sudot;, TA:) and جَاؤُوا أَجْمَعُونَ [They came, all of them, or all together]: and رَأَيْتُهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ [I saw them, all of them, or all together]: and مَرَرْتُ بِهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ [I passed by them, all of them, or all together]. (Msb.) Fr mentions the phrases, أَعْجَبَنِى القَصْرُ أَجْمَعَ [The palace pleased me, all of it, or altogether], and الدَّارُ جَمْعَآءَ [The house, all of it, or altogether], with the accus. case, as denotative of state; but does not allow أَجْمَعُونَ nor جُمَعُ to be used otherwise than as corroboratives: IDrst, however, allows أَجْمَعِينَ to be used as a denotative of state; and this is correct; and accord. to both these ways is related the trad., فَصَلُّوا جُلُوسًا أَجْمَعِينَ and أَجْمَعُونَ [And pray ye sitting, all of you, or all together]; though some make اجمعين [here] to be a corroborative of a pronoun understood in the accus. case, as though the speaker said, أَعْنِيكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ [I mean you, all of you, or all together]: (K in art. بتع:) or اجمعين in this case is a corruption committed by the relaters in the first age; and he is in error who says that it is in the accus. case as a denotative of state, for corroboratives are determinate, and the denotative of state is literally or virtually indeterminate. (Msb.) [Respecting the usage of this corroborative together with others similar to it, see أَبْتَعُ.] You say also, جَاؤُوا بِأَجْمَعِهِمْ, and بِأَجْمُعِهِمْ, with damm to the م, [They came, all of them, or all together,] (S, Msb, K,) the latter mentioned by ISk. (Msb.) And you say, قَبَضْتُ المَالَ أَجْمَعَهُ [I took, or received, the property, all of it, or altogether]. (Msb.) And ↓ جَمِيعٌ, also, is used as a corroborative: (S, Msb:) as in the saying جَاؤُوا جَمِيعًا, meaning They came, all of them: (S:) and قَبَضْتُ المَالَ جَمِيعَهُ, like أَجْمَعَهُ [explained above]: (Msb:) and جَمِيعَةً occurs as its fem.; but this is extr. (TA.) مَجْمَعٌ and مَجْمِعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the latter anomalous, like مَشْرِقٌ and مَغْرِبٌ &c., (TA,) A place of collecting, and the like: (S, Msb, * K:) [pl. مَجَامِعُ] [Hence,] مَجْمَعُ البَحْرَيْنِ, in the Kur [xviii. 59], means The place where the two seas meet. (Bd.) And in like manner, where it is said in a trad., فضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ مَجْمَعَ بَيْنَ عُنُقِى

وَكَتِفِى, [in which مَا seems to have been dropped by the copyist between مجمع and بين,] the meaning is, [And he struck with his hand] the place where my neck and my shoulder-blade meet. (TA.) [Hence also the phrase مَجَامِعُ المَحَامِدِ, explained above: see جَامِعٌ, near the end of the paragraph. And مَجَامِعُ الأُمُورِ, meaning The concurrences of affairs, or of circumstances, or of events.]

b2: A place in which people collect, assemble, or congregate: (Msb, * TA:) and [in like manner,] ↓ مَجْمَعَةٌ signifies an assembly-room; a sitting room in which people assemble: (TA:) [pl. of both مَجَامِعُ.] You say, هٰذَا الكَلَامُ أَوْلَجُ فِى

المَسَامِعِ وَأَجْوَلُ فِى المَجَامِعِ [This language, or discourse, is more, or most, penetrating into the ears, and more, or most, circulating in the places of assembly]. (TA.) b3: See also جَمْعٌ, as syn. with جَمَاعَةٌ, in two places; and see 10, first sentence. b4: [The whole of anything, considered as the place in which the several parts thereof are collected: see an instance voce خُفٌّ: and see also مُجْتَمَعٌ.]

أَمْرٌ مُجْمَعٌ, (S, K,) and مُجْمَعٌ عَلَيْهِ, (TA,) An affair determined, resolved, or decided, upon: (S, K:) an affair agreed upon. (TA.) [The former signification applies to both of the abovementioned phrases: the latter signification, perhaps, only to the latter phrase.] b2: خُطْبَةٌ مُجْمَعَةٌ [A discourse in rhyming prose, or the like,] in which is no flaw, or defect. (Ibn-' Abbád, K.) عَامٌ مُجْمِعٌ A year of dearth, drought, sterility, or unfruitfulness: (Ks, K:) because it is an occasion of people's collecting together in the place where herbage, or plenty, is found. (Ks.) And فَلَاةٌ مُجْمِعَةٌ, (S, TA,) like مُحْسِنَةٌ; (TA;) [in Gol. Lex., erroneously, مُجْمَعَةٌ;] and ↓ مُجَمِّعَةٌ, like مُحَدِّثَةٌ; (TA;) A desert in which people collect themselves together, not separating themselves, from fear of losing their way, or perishing, and the like; as though the desert itself collected them. (S, TA.) And أَرْضٌ مُجْمِعَةٌ, like مُحْسِنَةٌ, A land of dearth, drought, sterility, or unfruitfulness, wherein the camels upon which people journey are not dispersed to pasture. (TA.) مِجْمَعٌ: see جَمَّاعٌ.

مَجْمَعَةٌ: see مَجْمَعٌ: b2: and جَمْعٌ, as syn. with جَمَاعَةٌ.

A2: Also Sands collected together: (K:) pl. مَجَامِعُ. (TA.) And A vacant, or void, land, destitute of herbage or vegetable produce, and of water. (AA, K.) فَلَاةٌ مُجَمِّعَةٌ: see مُجْمِعٌ.

مَجْمُوعٌ Collected; brought, or gathered, together; gathered up; assembled; congregated; mustered; drawn together; [or contracted;] (S, K, TA;) [from several places, or] hence and thence, although not made as one thing. (S, Sgh, L, K.) It is said in the Kur [xi. 105], ذٰلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَجْمُوعٌ لَهُ النَّاسِ That is a day for which mankind shall be collected. (TA.) b2: See also جَمْعٌ.

مُجْتَمَعٌ [A place in which a thing becomes collected, brought together, or the like; or in which things have become so; where they collect themselves, come together, or unite; or in which they are comprised, or contained; a place in which is a collection of things]. You say, البَيْضَةُ مُجْتَمَعُ الوَلَدِ [The egg is that which comprises the young bird]. (Mgh in art. بيض.) And مُجْتَمَعُ المَوْتِ signifies the same as حَوْضُ المَوْتِ, which see, in art. حوض. (TA in that art.) b2: [Also The collective mass, or whole, of the hair of the head: (see جُمَّةٌ, in three places:) مُجْتَمَعُ شَعْرِ الرَّأْسِ meaning the whole head of hair: see also مَجْمَعٌ.]

مُجْتَمِعٌ: see جَمِيعٌ, in five places. b2: A man who has attained to his full state of manly vigour, (S, Mgh, TA,) and whose beard has become fullgrown: (TA:) because at that time his powers have become collected, or because his beard is then full-grown. (Mgh.) [See the verb, 8. and see an ex. in a verse of Suheym Ibn-Wetheel cited in art. دور, conj. 3.] b3: أَلْقَاهُ مُجْتَمِعًا [He threw him down gathered together, or in a heap]. (S and Msb and K in art. كور.) b4: مَشَى مُجْتَمِعًا He walked quickly, (K, TA,) with vehemence of motion, and strength of limbs, not languidly. (TA.) مُتَجَمَّعُ البَيْدَآءِ The main part of the desert; the part in which [as it were] it collects itself; syn. مُعَظَمُهَا وَمُحْتَفَلُهَا. (TA.)

غوث

1 غَاثَ: see 4.

A2: [And see also غَوِيثٌ.]2 غوّث, (S, K,) inf. n. تَغْوِيثٌ; (K;) and ↓ استغاث; (TA;) He cried out, (TA,) and said, (S, K,) ↓ وَا غَوْثَاهُ (S, K, TA) [Alas! a cry for aid, or succour! also pronounced وا غَوْثَاهِ (accord. to one of my copies of the S) and وا غَوْثَاهْ]. Yousay, ضُرِبَ فُلَانٌ فَغَوَّثَ Such a one was beaten, and cried وا غوثاه. (TA.) This is declared by the leading grammarians to be the primary signification of غوّث: then they used it as meaning He cried out, or called, desiring, or demanding, aid, or succour. (MF.) A2: See also غَوِيثٌ.4 اغاثهُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِغَاثَةٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ مَغُوثَةٌ [which is anomalous], (K,) He aided, or succoured, him; (Msb;) He (i. e. God, Msb) removed from him trouble, or affliction: (Msb, TA:) ↓ غَاثَهُ, aor. ـِ is used in the sense of اغاثهُ, but is rare, and is said [by some] to be from الغَيْثُ, not الإِغَاثَةُ: غاثهُ, aor. ـُ is mentioned by Az as not heard by him from any one; but ISd mentions غاثهُ, inf. n. غَوْثٌ and غِيَاثٌ, though saying that اغاثهُ is more approved. (TA.) And one says also, أَغَاثَنَا المَطَرُ (assumed tropical:) [The rain gave us relief]. (Msb.) 6 تَغَاوَثُوا, accord. to Freytag, appears to be used in the Deewán of the Hudhalees as signifying They said, one to another, وَا غَوْثَاهُ: A2: and تغاوث as syn. with أَغَاثَ.]10 استغاثهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and استغاث بِهِ, (O, Msb, TA,) the latter disallowed by some, but used by Sb, (TA,) He sought, desired, or demanded, aid, or succour, of, or by means of, him, or it; he sought, &c., [or called for,] his aid, or succour. (O, MF, TA.) b2: See also 2.

[Hence, استغاث العُودُ (assumed tropical:) The lute sent forth plaintive sounds: a modern phrase.]

غَوْثٌ and ↓ غُوَاثٌ and ↓ غَوَاثٌ, (S, K,) the last deviating from the common course of speech, (K, TA,) with respect to analogy, as will be seen from what follows, (TA,) A cry for aid, or succour. (S, K, KL, PS.) One says, أَجَابَ اللّٰهُ

↓ دُعَآءَهُ وغُوَاثَهُ and ↓ غَوَاثَهُ [God answered his prayer, and his cry for aid]. (Fr, S.) ↓ غَوَاثٌ is said by Fr to be the only word significant of a sound, or cry, having fet-h [to the first letter]; other words of this kind being with damm, as بُكَآءٌ and دُعَآءٌ, or with kesr, as نِدَآءٌ and صِيَاحٌ. (S.) See also 2. b2: And see غِيَاثٌ.

غَوَاثٌ: see غَوْثٌ, in three places: b2: and see also غِيَاثٌ. b3: In the dial. of Himyer it signifies (assumed tropical:) Travelling-provision. (TA.) غُوَاثٌ: see غَوْثٌ, in two places: b2: and see also the paragraph here following.

غِيَاثٌ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) in which the و is changed into ى because of the kesreh preceding it, (S,) a form disapproved by some of the lexicographers, but several others assign to it priority, (MF,) a subst. from أَغَاثَهُ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) as also ↓ غَوَاثٌ, ascribed by Ibn-Hajar to the majority, and ↓ غُوَاثٌ, mentioned on the authority of Aboo-Dharr, (MF,) and ↓ غَوْثٌ; (Msb;) signifying Aid, or succour; (Msb;) or deliverance from difficulty, distress, or adversity, and [from] revenge; and aid to release from difficulties, distresses, or adverse circumstances. (MF.) In the T, الغِيَاثُ is expl. as signifying That with which God aids, or succours, one. (TA.) b2: And غِيَاثٌ signifies also An aider, or a succourer: you say, فُلَانٌ غِيَاثُنَا Such a one is our aider, or succourer; i. q. ↓ مُغِيثُنَا: (TA in art. نور:) and God is said to be غِيَاثُ المُسْتَغِيثِينَ [The Aider of the seekers of aid]. (O.) b3: [Hence,] أُمُّ غِيَاثٍ is a name for (assumed tropical:) The cooking-pot. (T in art. ام.) غَوِيثٌ Food, or other succour, with which one aids a person in necessity. (O, K.) A2: Also, (O, K,) in one copy of the K ↓ تَغْوِيثٌ, (TA,) [both perhaps inf. ns., the former like دَبِيبٌ &c.,] Vehemence of running (شِدَّةُ عَدْوٍ). (O, K.) مُغِيثٌ: see غِيَاثٌ, last sentence but one.

مَغُوثَةٌ, an [anomalous] inf. n.: see 4.

مَغَاوِثُ Waters: (O, K:) said to be one of those plurals that have no singulars. (TA.) يَغُوثُ A certain idol which belonged to [the tribe of] Medhhij: (Zj, ISd, K, TA:) or a certain good man, who lived between [the times of] Adam and Noah, and of whom, after his death, was made an image, which, after a long time, became an object of worship; like وَدٌّ and سُوَاعٌ and يَغُوقُ and نَسْرٌ, mentioned therewith in the Kur lxxi. 22 and 23. (Bd.)