شق

1 شَقَّهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (M, Msb,) inf. n. شَقٌّ, (S, M, Msb,) He cut it [or divided it] lengthwise; (TA in art. قد;) [i. e.] he clave it, split it, rived or rifted it, or slit it; so as to separate it; [i. e. he clave, split, rived or rifted, slit, rent, ripped, tore, broke, or burst, it asunder;] or without separating it; [i. e. he cracked, chapped, incided or incised, gashed, slashed, furrowed, or trenched, it; or clave, split, &c., or cut, it open;] syn. صَدَعَهُ; (K;) or [more explicitly]

الشَّقُّ signifies الصَّدْعُ البَائِنُ [the cleaving &c. that separates]; or غَيْرُ البَائِنِ [that which does not separate]; or الصَّدْعُ [the cleaving, &c.,] in a general sense: (M:) and in like manner, [but with an intensive signification, or implying frequency or repetition of the action, or its application to several objects, generally meaning he clave it, &c., much, or in pieces, or in several places,] ↓ شقّقهُ: (M, K:) you say, شقّق الحَطَبَ (S, K) وَغَيْرَهُ (S) i. e. شَقَّهُ [but properly meaning He clave in pieces the firewood &c.]. (K. [In the CK, شَقَّ الحَطَبَ is erroneously put for شقّق الحطب.]) b2: [شَقَّ رَأْسَهُ generally means He clave his head, or his pericranium: and sometimes, as in an instance in the K voce شَقَأَ, he divided the hair of his head.] b3: شَقَّ العَصَا [lit. He split the staff] means (tropical:) he separated himself from the community; (S, K, TA;) and particularly, that of the Muslims: because the staff is not thus called but when it is whole, not when it is split: accord. to Lth, يَشُقُّ عَصَا المُسْلِمِينَ and ↓ يُشَاقُّهُمْ signify alike: but they differ in meaning, as will be shown hereafter. (TA.) شَقَّ عَصَا المُسْلِمِينَ, K, TA,) said of a خَارِجِىّ [i. e. heretic or schismatic], also means (assumed tropical:) He effected disunion and dissension in the body of the Muslims. (TA.) And one says also, شَقَّ عَصَا الطَّاعَةِ (assumed tropical:) [He broke the compact of allegiance, or obedience; became a rebel]. (M.) b4: لَا وَالَّذِى شَقَّ الرِّجَالَ لِلْخَيْلِ وَالجِبَالَ لِلسَّيْلِ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) No, by Him who clave men for the riding upon horses, and the mountains for the flowing of the torrent,] is a saying mentioned by IAar, but not expl. by him. (M. [It is there added, وَعِنْدِى أَنَّهُ جَعَلَ الرِّجَالَ وَالجِبَالَ جُمْلَةً

وَاحِدَةً ثُمَّ خَرَقَهُمَا فَجَعَلَ الرِّجَالَ لِهٰذِهِ وَالجِبَالَ لِهٰذَا: an expression of opinion which is, to me, by no means clear, though reconcilable with my rendering.]) b5: المَالُ بَيْنَنَا شَقَّ الأَبْلَمَةِ and الأُبْلُمَةِ [The property is divided between us as in the dividing of the ابلمة; or the cattle are divided &c.;] meanswe are equal in respect of the property, or cattle: for the ابلمة means the [kind of leaf called]

خُوصَة, which, when it is split lengthwise, splits in halves: (M:) or, accord. to Aboo-Ziyád, the ابلمة is a herb, or leguminous plant, (بَقْلَةٌ,) to which there come forth pods, like [those of] the bean; and when you split them lengthwise, they split in halves, equally, from the first part to the last thereof: شَقَّ is in the accus. case as an inf. n., مَشْقُوقٌ being understood. (Har p. 639.) [See also شِقٌّ.] b6: شَقَّ, (S, M, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. شُقُوقٌ, (M,) said of the canine tooth of a camel, (tropical:) It [clave the gum and] came forth: (S, M, K, TA:) [said to be] a dial. var. of شَقَأَ: (S:) and said of the canine tooth of a child, (M, TA,) in like manner, (TA,) meaning it made its first appearance: (M:) and said also of a plant, [as meaning it came forth] on the ground's first cleaving open from it. (M, TA.) b7: Also, aor. ـُ inf. n. شَقٌّ, said of the dawn, (tropical:) It rose; as though it clave the place of its rising and came forth therefrom. (TA.) b8: Also, aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. شَقٌّ, said of lightning, (tropical:) It [clave the clouds, and] extended high, into the midst of the sky, without going to the right and left: (K, TA:) so says A'Obeyd: (TA: [see شَقِيقٌ:]) and ↓ انشقّ and ↓ تشقّق, said of lightning, signify اِنْعَقَّ [probably meaning the same; (see عَقِيقَةٌ;) or, as expl. in the S and also in the O, in art. عق, it was, or became, in a state of commotion, (تَضَرَّبَ,) in the clouds]: (M, TA:) or ↓ تشقّق said of lightning means it spread wide and long. (JK.) b9: شَقَّ السَّبِيلَ (K in art. عبر) (assumed tropical:) He passed along the way; as though he cut it, or furrowed it. (TK in that art.) and شَقَّ النَّهْرَ (assumed tropical:) He crossed the river by swimming. (TA in art. قطع.) b10: شَقَّ المَآءَ (assumed tropical:) He opened a way, passage, vent, or channel, for the water to flow forth; syn. بَجَسَهُ. (A and K in art. بجس.) b11: شَقَّ أَمْرَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. شَقٌّ, (assumed tropical:) He, or it, discomposed, deranged, or disordered, so that it became incongruous, or inconsistent, his affair, or state of affairs. (M, TA.) [A phrase similar to شَقَّ العَصَا, mentioned above. And so, app., what next follows.] b12: شَقَّ الكَلَامَ, i. q. قَدَّهُ [also expl. as syn. with قَطَعَهُ, which generally means (assumed tropical:) He cut short, or broke off, the speech; or ceased from speaking; but sometimes, and perhaps in this case, he articulated speech, or the speech: compare a signification of 2.]. (M and L in art. قد.) b13: See also 8. b14: شَقَّ بَصَرُ المَيِّتِ i. q. شَخَصَ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) The eye, or eyes, of the dying man became fixedly open; or his eyelids became raised upwards, and he looked intently, and became disquieted, or disturbed]: (M, TA:) and (TA) the dying man looked at a thing, his sight not recoiling to him: (S, K, TA:) said of him to whom death is present: (S, TA:) or [simply] the eyes of the dying man became open: (TA:) one should not say شَقَّ المَيِّتُ بَصَرَهُ: (S, M, K:) and شُقَّ, with damm to the ش, is not approved. (IAth, TA.) b15: شَقَّ عَلَيْهِ, (M, K, in the S عَلَىَّ, and in the Msb عَلَيْنَا,) aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. شَقٌّ (S, M, K) and مَشَقَّةٌ, (S, K,) [or the latter is a simple subst., as seems to be indicated in the M and Msb,] (assumed tropical:) It (a thing, S, or an affair, or event, M, Msb, K) affected him severely; had a severe effect upon him; distressed, afflicted, troubled, molested, inconvenienced, fatigued, or wearied, him: (M:) it was difficult, hard, distressing, grievous, or severe, to him; (K, TA;) and onerous, burdensome, oppressive, or troublesome, to him. (TA.) and شَقَّ عَلَيْهِ, [inf. n., app., شَقٌّ only,] (assumed tropical:) He caused him to fall into a difficult, hard, distressing, grievous, or severe, case: (K, TA:) imposed upon him that which was onerous, burdensome, oppressive, or troublesome. (TA.) And شَقَّتِ السَّفْرَةُ (assumed tropical:) The journey was [difficult, hard, or] far-extending. (Msb.) A2: شُقَّ, said of the solid hoof, and of the pastern of a horse or the like, It was, or became, affected with the disease termed شُقَاق, occasioning cracks. (M, TA.) 2 شَقَّّ see 1, first sentence. b2: شقّق الكَلَامَ, (S, K, TA,) inf. n. تَشْقِيقٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He uttered, or pronounced, speech, or the speech, in the best manner: (S, K, TA:) and he sought with repeated efforts, in speaking, to utter, or pronounce, the speech in the best manner. (TA.) 3 شاقّهُ, (M, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. مُشَاقَّةٌ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and شِقَاقٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) the latter inf. n. occurring in the Kur ii. 131 and iv. 39 [&c.], (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He acted with him contrariously, or adversely, (S, * M, Mgh, Msb, K,) and inimically; (K;) properly, each of them doing to the other that which was distressing, grievous, or troublesome, so that each of them was in a شِقّ [or side] other than that of his fellow; (Msb;) or as though he became in a شِقّ, i. e. side, in respect of him: (Mgh:) accord. to Er-Rághib, the inf. n. signifies the being in a شِقّ [or side] other than that of one's fellow: or it is from شَقُّ العَصَا بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَ صَاحِبِكَ [meaning “ the effecting disunion and dissension between thee and thy fellow ”], so that it is tropical: (TA:) or the primary meaning of الشِّقَاقُ is the being [mutually] remote. (Ham p. 326.) See also 1, in the first quarter of the paragraph.4 اشقّ النَّخْلُ The palm-trees put forth their شَوَاقّ, pl. of شَاقَّةٌ [q. v.]: mentioned by Th, on the authority of some one or more of the BenooSuwáäh. (M.) 5 تشقّق quasi-pass. of 2: (S, M, K:) said of firewood (S, K) &c. (S) [as meaning It became cloven in pieces]. See 7, in two places. b2: Said of lightning: see 1, in two places, in the latter half of the paragraph. b3: Said of a horse, (tropical:) He was, or became, lean, or light of flesh; slender and lean; or lean, and lank in the belly. (A'Obeyd, TA.) 6 تَشَاقَّا, said of two adversaries, or litigants, as also ↓ اِشْتَقَّا, They wrangled, quarrelled, or contended, each with the other, (M, TA,) and took to the right and left in contention; (TA;) فِى

الشَّىْءِ [in respect of the thing]. (M.) 7 انشقّ quasi-pass. of شَقَّهُ as expl. in the first sentence of this art.: [i. e. it signifies It became divided lengthwise, cloven, split, riven or rifted, slit, rent, ripped, torn, broken, or burst, asunder; or it became cracked, chapped, incided or incised, gashed, slashed, furrowed, or trenched; or cloven, or split, &c., or cut, open: or it clave, split, &c.:] (S, M:) and in like manner, ↓ تشقّق is quasi-pass. of شَقَّقَهُ: [i. e. it signifies it became cloven or split &c., or it clave or split &c., much, or in pieces, or in several or many places:] (M:) or the former signifies [sometimes] it opened so as to have in it an interstice. (Msb.) وَانْشَقَّ القَمَرُ, in the Kur liv. I, means And the moon hath been cloven (Bd, Jel) in twain, (Jel,) as a sign to the Prophet: (Bd, Jel:) or shall be cloven on the day of resurrection: but the former is confirmed by another reading, وَقَدِ أْنْشَقَّ القَمَرُ: (Bd:) or, accord. to Er-Rághib, the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) the case hath become manifest. (TA.) One says, انشقّ الشَّىْءُ بِنِصْفَيْنِ [The thing became cloven, &c., in halves]. (S.) [And انشقّ مِنْهُ It became cloven, &c., from it: and it branched off from it; as a river from another river, and the like. and انشقّ عَنْهُ It clave asunder from over it, so as to disclose it: see also 8.] b2: [Hence,] انشقّ فلَانٌ مِنَ الغَضَبِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one was as though his interior were filled with anger so that he split. (TA.) b3: And اِنْشَقَّتِ العَصَا (assumed tropical:) The affair, or state of affairs, became discomposed, deranged, or disordered: (S, K, TA:) and انشقّت العَصَا بِالبَيْنِ, and ↓ تشقّقت, (Lth, M, TA,) (assumed tropical:) the affair, or state of affairs, became discomposed, deranged, or disorganized, by separation: (Lth, TA:) and انشقّ الأَمْرُ (assumed tropical:) the affair, or state of affairs, became discomposed, deranged, or disorganized, being incongruous, or inconsistent. (M, TA.) and انشقّت عَصَا الطَّاعَةِ (assumed tropical:) [The compact of allegiance, or obedience, became broken]. (M.) b4: انشقّ said of lightning: see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph.8 اِشْتِقَاقٌ signifies The taking the شِقّ of a thing, (S, K,) i. e. the half thereof. (S.) One says, اشتقّ الشَّىْءَ He took the شِقّ [or half] of the thing. (TK.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) The taking [or deriving] a word from a word, (S, K,) with the condition of reciprocal relation in meaning and [radical] composition, and of reciprocal difference in form: [and it is of three kinds:] الاِشْتِقَاقُ الصَّغِيرُ is that derivation in which there is a reciprocal relation between the two words in the letters and in the order [thereof]; as in ضَرَبَ from الضَّرْبُ: الاشتقاق الكَبِيرُ is that in which there is a reciprocal relation between the two words as to the letter and the meaning, exclusively of the order; as in جَبَذَ from الجَذْبُ: الاشتقاق الأَكْبَرُ is that in which there is a reciprocal relation between the two words in the place [or places] of utterance; as in نَعَقَ from النَّهْقُ. (KT.) [You say, اشتقّ حَرْفًا or كَلِمَةً or لَفْظًا, and اسْمًا, He derived a word, and a name, مِنْ آخَرَ from another; and ↓ شَقَّهُ sometimes signifies the same, as is shown by a citation voce رَحِمٌ.] b3: [And, as syn. with اِخْتِرَاعٌ, (see 8 in art. خرع,)] The constructing, or founding, (بُنْيَان,) of a thing of, or from, what is originated without premeditation. (M.) b4: and (tropical:) The taking to the right and left, (S, K, TA,) not pursuing the right, or direct, course, (S, TA,) in speech, and in contention, or disputation, or litigation: (S, K, TA:) or اِشْتِقَاقُ الكَلَامِ signifies the taking to the right and left in speech: (so in a copy of the M: [but I think that the right reading is الاِشْتِقَاقُ فِى الكَلَامِ, agreeably with what here follows:]) you say, اشتقّ فِى الكَلَامِ, and فِى الخُصُومَةِ. (TK.) See also 6. And [in like manner] one says of a horse, اشتقّ فِى عَدْوِهِ (assumed tropical:) He went to the right and left in his running. (M. [See also أَشَقُّ.]) b5: اشتقّ الطَّرِيقُ فِى الفَلَاةِ (tropical:) The road went [or branched off] into the desert. (TA. [See also 7.]) 10 استشقّ بِالجُوَالِقِ He turned the sack upon one of his two sides (عَلَى أَحَدِ شِقَّيْهِ), in order to pass through a door. (TA.) b2: [استشقّ, as stated by Freytag, is expl. by Jac. Schultens, but on what authority is not said, as signifying “ Prodiit, manifestus evasit. ”] R. Q. 1 شَقْشَقَ, (JK, S, K,) inf. n. شَقْشَقَةٌ, (S,) said of a stallion [camel], He brayed [in his شِقْشِقَة, or faucial bag]. (JK, S, K.) [It is said that] the primary meaning of شَقْشَقَةٌ is Loudness of voice; or the being loud in voice. (JK.) b2: And said of a sparrow, It uttered a cry: (K, TA:) or one says of a sparrow, يُشَقْشِقُ فِى صَوْتِهِ [app. meaning It makes a loud twittering in its cry]. (S.) شَقٌّ sing. of شُقُوقٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) originally an inf. n.; (S, Msb;) An opening forming an interstice in a thing: (Msb:) or a fissure, cleft, chink, split, slit, rent, crack, or the like, syn. صَدْعٌ, in wood or a stick, or in a wall, or in a glass vessel [&c.]: (T, TA:) [or] a place that is مَشْقُوق [i. e. cloven or cleft, split, &c.: (see 1, first sentence: and see also مَشَقٌّ:) and often signifying an incision, a gash, or a furrow, or trench]: (M, K:) as though an inf. n. used as a subst. in this sense: pl. as above, شُقُوقٌ: (M:) it differs from شُقَاقٌ, (S, Mgh,) by having a general signification: (Mgh:) accord. to Yaakoob, one says, بِيَدِ فُلَانٍ شُقُوقٌ (S, Mgh) and بِرِجْلِهِ (S) [i. e. In the hand, or arm, of such a one are cracks, or the like, and in his foot, or leg]: but [it is asserted that in this case] one should not say شُقَاقٌ: (S, Mgh: [see, however, this word:]) and hence, شَقُّ القَبْرِ The trench, or oblong excavation, in the middle of the grave: and accord. to As, شُقُوقٌ signifies صُدُوع [i. e. fissures, &c.,] in mountains, and in the earth, or ground. (Mgh.) b2: The rima vulvæ of a woman; i. e. the gap [or chink] between the two edges, or borders, of the labia majora of her vulva: as also ↓ مَشَقٌّ. (M, K.) b3: And (tropical:) The daybreak. (S, K, TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph, first and fifth sentences.

A3: And see the last two sentences of the same paragraph.

شِقٌّ The half (S, Mgh, Msb, K) of a thing (S, Msb, K) of any kind; as also ↓ شَقٌّ: (K:) or the half of a thing when it is cloven, or split, or divided lengthwise; (M;) as also ↓ شِقَّةٌ. (AHn, S, * M, K.) One says, أَخَذْتُ شِقَّ الشَّاةِ and ↓ شِقَّةَ الشَّاةِ I took the half of the sheep or goat: (S, TA:) the vulgar pronounce the ش with fet-h. (TA.) And خُذْ هٰذَا الشِّقَّ Take thou this ↓ شِقَّة [i. e. half] of the sheep or goat. (TA.) Hence the trad., تَصَدَّقُوا وَلَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ i. e. [Give ye alms though it be but] the half of a date; meaning deem not anything little that is given as alms. (TA.) And المَالُ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ شِقَّ الشَّعَرَةِ and الشَّعَرَةِ ↓ شَقَّ, (O, K, * [in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K شقُّ, but the former reading appears to be the right, شَقَّ being an inf. n. as in a similar saying in the former half of the first paragraph of this art., and شِقَّ being a subst. used as an inf. n. or for كَشِقِّ,]) meaning [The property is between us] two halves, equal [in division]. (K.) b2: [Hence,] A certain kind of the jinn, or genii; (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K;) a species of diabolical beings having the form of the half of a human being. (Kzw in his Descr. of the Jinn.) b3: The lateral half, or half and side; as when one says that a person paralyzed has a شِقّ inclining; and as when one speaks of the شِقّ of a مَحْمِل [meaning either of the two dorsers, or panniers, or oblong chests, which are borne, one on either side, by a camel, and which, with a small tent over them, compose a مَحْمِل: see this last word, and مَحَارَةٌ]. (Mgh.) b4: The side of the body; as when one says of a person that his left شِقّ was grazed, or abraded. (Mgh.) [Hence,] one says of a horse, يَمِيلُ عَلَى أَحَدِ شِقَّيْهِ [He inclines, or leans, upon one of his two sides]. (O.) [And مَشَى عَلَى شِقٍّ and فِى شِقٍّ He went, or walked, inclining upon one side.] b5: The side, or lateral part, (Lth, Msb, K, TA,) of a thing; the two sides of a thing being called شِقَّاهُ: (Lth, TA:) or, as some say, (TA,) the side of a mountain. (S, TA.) [Hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ مِنْ شِقِّ العَشِيرَةِ لَا مِنْ صَمِيمِهَا (assumed tropical:) [Such a one is of the collateral class of the kinsfolk, or tribe, not of the main stock thereof]. (Mgh in art. عرض.) b6: I. q. ↓ شَقِيقٌ; (S, Msb, K;) [which primarily signifies The cloven-off half of a thing; i. e.,] when a thing is cloven in halves, each of the halves is called the شَقِيق of the other. (S, K.) b7: [And hence, (assumed tropical:) The counterpart of a person or thing: and this appears to be meant by J, and accord. to SM in the K, where it is said that شِقٌّ is syn. with ↓ شَقِيقٌ; for they add immediately after:] one says هُوَ أَخِى وَشِقُّ نَفْسِى (tropical:) [He is my brother, and the counterpart of myself]; (S, TA;) as though he were cloven from me, because of the resemblance of each of us to the other. (TA.) One says also, هذَا

↓ شَقِيقُهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) This is the like of him, or it. (TA.) And [hence] it is said in a trad., النِّسَآءُ شَقَائِقُ الرِّجَالِ, [in which شَقَائِقُ is the pl. of ↓ شَقِيقٌ as fem., or of شَقِيقَةٌ in the same sense,] meaning (assumed tropical:) Women are the likes of men in natural dispositions; as though they were cloven from them; or because Eve was created from Adam. (TA.) b8: And (tropical:) A man's brother; (M;) and so ↓ شَقِيقٌ; (S, M, O, K, TA;) meaning a brother by the father and mother; (TA;) from شَقِيقٌ as meaning “ either half of a thing that is cloven in halves; ” (S, TA;) or as though the relationship of one were cloven from that of the other: (IDrd, O, K:) pl. of the latter أَشِقَّآءُ. (M, Msb.) b9: And a name for A thing at which one looks: (Lth, O, K:) [but this is app. taken from the following saying of Lth, in which I think الشِّقُّ is a mistranscription for الشَّقُّ, meaning “ the crack,” &c.:] الشَّقُّ is the inf. n. of شَقَقْتُ, and الشِّقُّ is a name for that at which one looks [i. e. for the visible effect of the act signified by the verb], and the pl. is الشُّقُوقُ [which is well known as the pl. of الشَّقُّ]. (JK.) A2: Also i. q. ↓ مَشَقَّةٌ (S, M, O, Msb, K) i. e. Difficulty, hardship, distress, affliction, trouble, inconvenience, fatigue, or weariness; (M, TA;) and languor, or lack of power, that overtakes the mind and the body; (Er-Rághib, TA;) and so ↓ شَقٌّ; (IJ, S, M, O, K;) thus it is sometimes pronounced with fet-h; mentioned by A'Obeyd; (S;) and by Az; (M;) or this is an inf. n., and شِقٌّ is the subst.; (O, K;) and ↓ شُقَّةٌ and ↓ شِقَّةٌ also signify the same as مَشَقَّةٌ, (K,) or such as overtakes a man in consequence of travel; (TA;) and the pls. of these two are شُقَقٌ, (K, TA,) mentioned by Fr, (TA,) and شِقَقٌ, (K, TA,) mentioned on the authority of some one or more of [the tribe of] Keys: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ مَشَقَّةٌ is مَشَاقُّ and مَشَقَّاتٌ. (TA.) Hence, in the Kur [xvi. 7], لَمْ تَكُونُوا بَالِغِيهِ إِلَّا بِشِقِ الْأَنْفُسِ [Which ye would not reach save with difficulty, or distress, &c., of the souls]; where some read ↓ بِشَقِّ. (S, * TA.) شُقَّةٌ primarily signifies The half of a garment [consisting of two oblong pieces sewed together, side by side]: then it was applied to [such] a garment as it is [when complete: in both of these senses it is used in the present day]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or a piece (قِطْعَةٌ) of a garment: (Mgh:) or the شُقَّة of ثِيَاب [thus, and thus only, in the S, meaning of garments and of cloths, for it is of both,] is an oblong piece; syn. سَبِيبَةٌ مُسْتَطِيلَةٌ: (M, K:) [it is often applied to an oblong piece of cloth of those pieces of which a tent is composed:] pl. شُقَقٌ and شِقَاقٌ. (M, Mgh, TA.) One says, فُلَانٌ يَبِيعُ شِقَاقَ الكَتَّانِ [Such a one sells pieces, or oblong pieces, &c., of linen]. (Mgh.) b2: Also A piece of a مَزَادَة [q. v.]. (B, TA in art. بصر.) b3: And A piece, or portion, [or tract,] of Hell; likewise pronounced ↓ شِقَّةٌ. (Ham p. 816.) b4: And A far journey; as also ↓ شِقَّةٌ, (S, M, K,) sometimes thus pronounced with kesr: (S:) a far, long journey: a far-extending space: (TA:) or a road difficult to him who travels it: (Mgh:) or [simply] a journey: and i. q. ثنيا [so in my copy of the Msb, app. a mistranscription for ثَنِيَّة, i. e. a mountain-road, &c.]: pl. شُقَقٌ. (Msb.) b5: and A part, region, quarter, or tract, (Ibn-'Arafeh, Er-Rághib, K, TA,) towards which one draws near, (Ibn-'Arafeh, TA,) or towards which the traveller directs himself, (K, TA,) [like شُكَّةٌ,] or in the reaching of which one is overtaken by difficulty, or distress; (Er-Rághib, TA;) and ↓ شِقَّةٌ signifies the same. (K.) b6: And Distance; and so ↓ شِقَّةٌ. (K.) b7: See also شِقٌّ, last sentence but one.

شِقَّةٌ A splinter (S, K) that splits off, (S,) or a piece (M, Mgh, TA) split off, (M, TA,) of a plank, (S, M, K, TA,) or of wood, (TA,) or of a piece of wood, (S, Mgh,) or other thing: (M, TA:) a piece split, or divided, lengthwise, of a staff, or stick, and of a garment, or piece of cloth, &c.: (IDrd, O, K:) and a piece split (K, TA) from anything; such as the half: (TA:) pl. شِقَقٌ. (O, TA.) One says of him who is angry, اِحْتَدَّ فَطَارَتْ مِنْهُ شِقَّةٌ فِى الأَرْضِ وَشِقَّةٌ فِى السَّمَآءِ (assumed tropical:) [He became excited by sharpness of temper, or angriness, and he was as though a bit flew from him upon the ground, and a bit into the sky]. (S, * M, TA: in the S, فى الارض &c. is omitted.) See also شِقٌّ, first three sentences. b2: See also شُقَّةٌ, in four places. b3: And see شِقٌّ, again, last sentence but one.

شَقَقٌ The quality, in a horse, (M, K,) and in a man, (M,) denoted by the epithet أَشَقُّ [q. v.]. (M, K.) شَقَقَةٌ [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned] Enemies. (TA.) شُقَاقٌ A cracking in several places, (تَشَقُّقٌ, S, K,) or cracks, (Mgh,) or a certain disease occasioning cracks, (M,) in the pasterns of horses or the like, (S, M, Mgh, K,) and in their hoofs, (M, Mgh,) and sometimes rising to their shanks: so says Yaakoob: (S:) and, accord. to Lth, (Mgh,) and Az, (TA,) a cracking in several places (تَشَقُّقٌ) of the skin, from cold or some other cause, in the hands or arms, and the face: (Mgh, TA:) or it signifies also any crack, or slit, in the skin, from disease: (M, TA:) As says that it is in the hand or arm, and the foot or leg, of a human being, and in the fore leg and kind leg of an animal: (Mgh, TA:) but this is inconsistent with what is said by Yaakoob [as stated voce شَقٌّ, first sentence]. (Mgh.) See also أَسْعَدُ: and شَرَجٌ.

شَقِيقٌ: see شِقٌّ, in five places. b2: شَقِيقُ البَرْقِ [so in a copy of the M, but the right reading may be شَقِيقَةُ البَرْقِ, which occurs in the next sentence of the M,] i. q. عَقِيقَتُهُ [expl. in the S, in art. خفو, as meaning Lightning that cleaves the clouds, and extends high, into the midst of the sky, without going to the right and left: but see شَقِيقَةٌ]. (M.) A2: Also A calf that has become firm, or strong: (O, K:) and applied likewise to (assumed tropical:) a man [that has become so; by way of comparison]: (O:) or a bull such as is termed جَذَعٌ [i. e. in his second, or third, year]. (JK.) شَقُوقَةٌ A certain bird; also called ↓ شَقِيقَةٌ: (M, K:) and ↓ شُقَيِّقَةٌ is the dim. thereof: (K:) AHát says, the ↓ شَقُوقَة is a very little thing, grayish (زُرَيْقَآءُ), of the colour of ashes; ten and fifteen of what are thus called congregate; and I think it to be the ↓ شُقَيِّقَة, which is a دُخَّلَة of the دُخَّل [q. v.]; it is somewhat dusky; and its form is the form of these, but it is smaller than they: it is called ↓ شُقَيِّقَة becanse of its smallness: IDrd, in the class of فُعَيْعِل, mentions ↓ الشُّقَيِّقُ as signifying a certain species of birds [app. as a coll. gen. n., of which the n. un. is with ة]. (O, TA.) شَقِيقَةٌ [accord. to Golius, A fissure; as from the KL; but not so expl. in my copy of that work. b2: ] An intervening space or tract between two elongated, or extended, tracts of sand, (S, M, * O, K, * [in the last of which الجَبَلَيْنِ is erroneously put for الجَبْلَيْنِ,]) thus expl. to AHn by an Arab of the desert, (TA,) producing herbage: (S, M, O, K:) or a rugged tract between two elongated, or extended, tracts of sand, producing good herbage; (M, TA;) so in the T, as expl. to its author by an Arab of the desert: (TA:) pl. شَقَائِقُ, (T, S, O, K, TA,) expl. by some as meaning sands themselves: (TA:) or a great piece of sand: or a piece of sand between two pieces thereof. (Ham p. 282.) b3: [In the A and TA voce قِطُّ, it is used as meaning A slice cut off of a melon &c.]

A2: A rain, (M,) or a violent rain, consisting of large drops, (K, TA,) wide in extent: so called because the clouds cleave asunder from it: (M, K, TA:) pl. as above. (TA.) b2: The pl., شَقَائِقُ, is expl. by Az as signifying Clouds that have cloven asunder with copious rains. (O, TA.) b3: شَقِيقَةُ بَرْقٍِ, (O, K,) and عَقِيقَتُهُ, both as expl. by Aboo-Sa'eed, (O,) A flash of lightning that has spread (O, K) in the horizon, (O,) or from the horizon: (K: [but see شَقِيقُ البَرْقِ:]) or شَقِيقَةٌ signifies a flash of lightning that has spread in the breadth of the clouds, and filled the sky: pl. as above. (Ham p. 557.) A3: A headache, (JK, T, TA,) or a pain, (S, O, K,) or a certain disease, (M,) in the half of the head, (JK, T, S, M, O, K,) [i. e. hemicrania,] and of the face: (JK, T, S, O, K:) or, accord. to IAth, a sort of headache in the fore part of the head and towards the sides thereof. (TA.) A4: شَقَائِقُ النُّعْمَانِ, used alike as sing. and pl., (S, O, K,) having no proper sing., (Msb,) or its sing. is شَقِيقَةٌ; (M, O, Msb;) [The red, or blood-coloured, anemone;] a certain plant; (M;) a certain red flower; (Lth, O;) well known; (S, K;) the شَقِر; (Msb;) or, as AHn says, on the authority of AA and Aboo-Nasr and others, it is the شَقِرَة [n. un. of شَقِرٌ]; and the sing. of شقائق is شَقِيقَةٌ: (O, TA:) it is called شقائق النعمان because of its redness, as being likened to the شَقِيقَة of lightning: (M, K:) or from النُّعْمَان as meaning “ blood,” as resembling blood in colour; (Msb, TA;) so that it signifies “ pieces of blood: ” (TA:) or in relation to En-Noamán Ibn-El-Mundhir, because he prohibited to the public a piece of land in which it abounded: (S, K, TA:) or because he alighted upon شَقَائِق of sand that had produced red شَقِر, and he deemed them beautiful, and commanded that they should be prohibited to the public; so the شَقِر were called the شقائق of En-Noamán, by the name of the place of their growth. (TA.) A5: See also شَقُوقَةٌ.

شُقَيِّقٌ, and with ة: see شَقُوقَةٌ, in four places.

شَقَّاقٌ, meaning One who glories, or boasts, vainly, and praises himself for that which is not in him, is not of the [classical] language of the Arabs. (L, TA.) شَقِّىٌّ A horse with which his rider ex-periences difficulty in striving to master him. (JK.) شِقِّيَّةٌ A certain mode of جِمَاع, (K, TA,) in which the woman lies upon her شِقّ [or side]. (TA.) شِقْشِقَةٌ [The bursa faucium, or faucial bag, which is placed behind the palate of the he-camel, and which, when excited, he inflates, and blows out from the side of his mouth;] a thing resembling the lungs, or lights, which the he-camel protrudes from his mouth when he is excited by lust; (S, O, K;) a skin in the fauces of the Arabian camel, which he inflates with wind, and in which he brays; whereupon it appears from the side of his mouth; so says En-Nadr; and he adds that it does not pertain to any but the Arabian camel, [as is said in the M, and] as Hr says; but this requires consideration; (TA;) [also expl. as] the لَهَاة [q. v.] of the he-camel, (M, and Har p. 16,) which he protrudes from his mouth when he brays: (Har ubi suprá:) pl. شَقَاشِقُ. (TA.) b2: To this is likened the tongue of the chaste, or eloquent, and able speaker; himself being likened to the braying stallion-camel: (O:) and hence they say of an orator, or a preacher, that he is ذُو شِقْشِقَةٍ: (S:) one says likewise of an orator, or a preacher, that is loud in voice and skilful in speech, هُوَ أَهْرَتُ الشِقْشِقَةِ [lit. He is wide, or ample, in respect of the شقشقة]: (TA:) and one says, هَدَرَتْ شِقْشِقَتُهُ (assumed tropical:) [meaning His utterance was sonorous and fluent]. (A and TA in art. هدر.) Orators, or preachers, are also termed شَقَاشِق [for ذَوُو شَقَاشِقَ]: and one says, فُلَانٌ شِقْشِقَةُ قَوْمِهِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one is the noble, and the chaste in speech, or eloquent, of his people. (M.) And in a trad. of 'Omar, (M, O, TA,) accord. to A'Obeyd and others, or of 'Alee accord. to Hr, (TA,) شَقَاشِق are assigned to the Devil, in his saying, إِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِنَ الخُطَبِ مِنْ شَقَاشِقِ الشَّيْطَانِ [lit. Verily many of the orations, or harangues, are from the شقاشق of the Devil]; because of the lying introduced into them. (M, O, * TA. *) الخُطْبَةُ الشِّقْشِقِيَّةُ an appellation applied to a certain خُطْبَة [i. e. oration, or harangue, or sermon,] of 'Alee, because of his saying to Ibn-'Abbás, (O, K,) on his having cut short his speech, (O,) in reply to a remark of the latter person upon his not having continued his speech uninterruptedly, تِلْكَ شِقْشِقَةٌ هَدَرَتْ ثُمَّ قَرَّتْ [That was a شقشقة that uttered a braying, then became still]. (O, K.) شَاقٌّ Difficult, hard, distressing, grievous, afflicting, troubling, molesting, fatiguing, or wearying. (KL.) One says أَمْرٌ شَاقٌّ [An affair, or event, that is difficult, &c.]; from شَقَّ عَلَيْنَا الأَمْرُ. (Msb.) And شُقَّةٌ شَاقَّةٌ (S, Msb) A long journey [that is difficult, &c.]. (Msb.) شافَّةٌ The spadix of a palm-tree, that has become a span in length; so called because it cleaves the envelope: pl. شَوَاقُّ. (M.) أَشَقُّ, (S, M, O, K,) fem. شَقَّآءُ, and pl. شُقٌّ, (K,) applied to a horse, Wide between the hind legs: (IAar, Th, T, O, * K, * TA:) and the fem. signifies wide in the أَرْفَاغ [or groins, or similar parts]; (TA;) and is applied to a mare: (IDrd, O, TA:) and wide in the vulva; (IAar, O, K;) applied in this sense to a woman. (IAar, O, TA.) and أَشَقُّ المَنْخِرَيْنِ, applied to a horse, Wide in the nostrils. (Lth, O, TA.) b2: Also, (O, K,) Tall, or long; (T, S, M, O, K;) applied to a horse; (T, S, M, K;) thus expl. by As; (T, TA;) and so too applied to a man: (M, TA:) and the fem., as above, applied to a mare. (S.) b3: And, applied to a horse, That goes to the right and left in his running, (JK, * O, K, TA, [in the CK, يَسْبِقُ is erroneously put for يَشْتَقُّ, and in like manner in my MS. copy of the K, with the additional mistranscription of من عَدْوِهِ for فِى عَدْوِهِ,]) as though (O, TA) leaning upon one of his sides: (JK, O, TA:) so says Lth; and he cites as an ex., وَتَبَازَيْتُ كَمَا يَمْشِى الأَشَقُّ [as though meaning And I moved my posteriors in walking, like as goes the horse that inclines to the right and left in his running: but this may be rendered and I stepped wide, like as does the tall, or long-bodied, horse]. (O, TA.) مَشَقٌّ [properly A place of cleaving, splitting, &c.: and hence a fissure, cleft, &c., like شَقٌّ: pl. مَشَاقُّ]: see شَقٌّ. b2: مَشَقُّ العَيْنِ [The slit of the eye]. (TA in art. حوص.) مَشَقَّةٌ [said in the S and K to be an inf. n. of شَقَّ trans. by means of عَلَى]: see شِقٌّ, in the last quarter of the paragraph, in two places.

شق: لا يشق غباره: تعبير مستحدث على ما يبدو، من الشاعر النابغة الذبياني، وهو تعبير يرتد أصله إلى سباق الخيل. وهو بالضبط: الغبار الذي لا ينشق ولا يخترق بمعنى الفارس الذي يتقدم منافسيه إلى مدى لا يستطيعون إدراك الغبار الذي أثاره. وهذا الكلام يقال للرجل الشهير، الذي لا قرين له، الذي يسبق الآخرين (دي سلان في ترجمته لابن خلكان 1، 50، خلكان 1، 26، 7، سلين، المقري 2، 189، 12، 354، 12): وقد عارضه كثيرون فما شقّوا له غباراً.
شُقّت خَشِبية السيف إذا صقل السيف وسقى الماء (ديوان الهذليين 27، 3، 76، 3، 142، 36).
شُق عنه: يقال عن الطفل الذي يسحب من رحم أمه بالعملية القيصرية (معجم أبي الفداء).
شق: احدث خطوطاً. (بوشر). شق الارض بالسكة: اصطلاح من اصطلاحات الحراثة وأسم المصدر شِقاق، وهو الحرث الأول للأرض.
شق: حين يكون الفعل بمعنى اجتاز أو جاز أو عبر أو قطع لا يمكن أن يستعمل وحده بل يقال شق في؛ وكذلك الأمر مع شق ب فيقال: جزيرتان تشق السفن بينهما (معجم الإدريسي).
شق شقةً: تنزه، جال في نزهة (ألف ليلة 3، 444، 9) شق على: مرّ بفلان، رآه في أثناء مروره، زار (بوشر).
شق: على المريض: عاده (محيط المحيط) فتح من القناة ساقية (معجم الطرائف).
شق: تعب (معجم الادريسي).
شق على جرح: ضمد جرحاً (بوشر).
شاقة الطاعة: رفض طاعة فلان، ثار عليه (تاريخ البربرية 2، 3، 4): نابذوه العهد وشاقوه الطاعة.
أرض متشققة: الأرض التي فيها المزيد من الشقوق أو الحفر (بكري 56، 1517، 7 وعوادي 1، 42) انشق غماً، أنشق غيظاً (الكالا: Rebentar de Enojo) .
أشتق: استمد ماء الساقية من القناة (معجم الطرائف، دي ساس كرست 11، 24 وانظر جاز وعبر).
شق: اشطب من فريتاج الجملة الآتية: Prodiit manafistus evasit إذ إنه ذهب إلى هذا المعنى في ترجمته للمقامة الحريرية 21 أي 212 طبعة 9 دي ساسي؛ فأخطأ في كتابة هذه الكلمة لأن الفعل هناك كان: شف بالفاء.
شق: الموضع الذي بين ساقي الرجل في الجزء الذي يتصل بالجسم وجذعه (انتار 6، 5 والمعنى نفسه عند كوسج وكرست 87، 6 الذي يدعوه مشّق).
شق: مشكاة، ثغرة في سمك الحائط يوضع فيها تمثال .. الخ (بوشر).
خرقت شقوق البربر: صفوفهم (نويري أسبانيا 483).
شق: خط حراثة الأرض الأول (انظر ما تقدم) شُقّ: خشخاش (روولف 118).
شقَّة جمعها شقاق: فتحة (الكالا hendedura ومرادفاتها) صدع: فلع فلق. ثغرة (بوشر).
شق: نزهة في جولة واحدة.
شق: جولة في عدة مواضع، جولة سنوية أو دورية (بوشر).
شق: زيارة طبية.
شقة: جانب؛ على شقة: على جانب، من جانب. بانحراف (بوشر).
شق: قطعة: شقة القلوب والأكباد (مولر 85، 2) يوضح هذا بقوله: كلما زادت قيمة الشيء، زاد تمسكنا به أي القطعة منه.
شقة: جزء (بوشر).
شقة: جذمة (بوشر).
شقة: هي قطعة قماش ولاسيما شقة الكتان (كارتاس 36، 16) قطعة من نسيج كتان (الكالا): (شيء من شقة Tela de Cedaco, Lencal Cosa de Lienco) أو قطعة من جوخ أو صوف (بوشر).
في قوانين غرناطة نجد كلمة شوقا مثلما نجد شقة.
ومن هناك نجد: قطعة قماش من كتان أو شعر العمر الذي تصنع منه الخيمة، (زاتشر 22، 143 وعنده: شِقّة جمعها شقاق).
في (بركهارت سوريا) ص91: خيمة مضيفنا غاية في الإحكام، لأنها مصنوعة من الشق الذي يتعاقب فيه اللونان الأبيض والأسود أو القماش المصنوع من شعر العنز.
جمع الكلمة لا يقتصر على: شقاق فحسب بل تجمع على أشقاق (باين سميث) 1632، (بار على طبعه هوفمان رقم 4515).
شِقة: (بمعنى التعميم) خيمة كبيرة دائرية الشكل (مملوك 1، 1، 192، 2، 2، 12).
شِقة: هي قاطع أو فاصل من القماش يحيط بالخيمة ويسمر سرا برده (مملوك 2، 2، 212).
شِقة: مثل شِق وهو نصف فراش الدواب المزدوج أو إحدى السلّتين (جوب 178، 6 ابن بطوطة 1، 404، 2، 148) (كاترمير هو الذي دون العبارة الأخيرة إلا إن مملوك 101 لم يستطيع فهمها).
شِقة: مِقرعة الباب (مملوك).
شقة من دار: قسم رئيس من مسكن (بوشر).
شقة الرصاص: صفيحة الرصاص (مملوك 2، 2، 212).
شقة وجمعها شقق: الشق في الحائط وغيره (فوك).
شقَّة: الجوانب الأربعة للكعب أو العُظيمة التي تبرز النقرة التي فيه (معجم الأسبانية 254) وجع الشقة: الصداع (محيط المحيط).
شقيق: خشخاش منثور (بوشر مولر 22، 4، ابن الجزائر، زاد المسافر: شقيق النعمان وهي الحببورا).
شقيق القرن: خشخاش مقرون ومقرن وبحري وأقرن وما ميثاء وباللاتينية Glaucium ou Parot Cornu ( بوشر).
شقيق الماء، حوذان؛ صغير. (بوشر).
شقائق (جمع): حرير (فوك).
شقيقة: رباط، لفافة (دي ساسي وكريست: وتلبس دنّيّة طويلة سوداء بشقائق صفر طوال مدلاة على صدرك.).
شقيقة - انظر أصل تسمية الورد المسمى شقائق النعمان عند ابن خلكان 1، 370 وسلين 2، 57؛ والخشخاش (مولر 22).
شُقّيق: خشخاش (بوشر) وهو من كلام العامة (محيط المحيط 475).
شقاق: صانع البياضات وبائعها تاجر الأقمشة القطنية أو الكتانية (فوك) (الكالا).
شاقق: بارز، منبثق (بوشر).
مشّق (انظر شق) هي عند ابن البيطار ص188 جزء 4: ودع واحدة ودعة وهي مناقف صغار تخرج من البحر يزين بها الإكليل وهي بيضاء في بطونها مشق كمشق النواة.
مشقق: كثير الكهوف (الكالا). (البكري 56، ياقوت 1، 456 وضع كلمة أرض متشققة بدلاً من ارض مشققة).
مشقوق، صنوبرة مشقوقة من حالها (الكالا).
مشاقق: منشق، منفصل، خارجي (بوشر).
اشتقاق: إنبثاق، انبعاث (بوشر).
اشتقاقي: (بوشر).
انشقاق: غرق (الكالا).

حنق

1 حَنِقَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. حَنَقٌ (S, * Msb, K) and حَنِقٌ, (K,) He was, or became, angered, or enraged: (S, Msb, K:) or vehemently angered or enraged: (K, Ham p. 29:) عَلَيْهِ against him: (S:) or it may be from the signification of “ cleaving,” or “ sticking; ” as though meaning (assumed tropical:) rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite, clave to his bosom. (Ham p. 29. [See also حَنَقٌ, below.]) b2: [Hence,] لَا يَحْنَقُ عَلَى

جِرَّتِهِ: and ما يحنق على جِرَّةٍ: [thus written in the TA; though it seems to be implied by the manner in which the two sayings are there introduced, in this art., that the verb in each case is ↓ يُحْنِقُ, from أَحْنَقَ in the first of the senses assigned to it below:] see جِرَّةٌ.2 حَنَّقَ see 4.4 احنق (tropical:) He bore rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite, [cleaving to him, so as] not be relaxed; or he hid, in his heart, enmity, and violent hatred, not to be relaxed. (K, TA.) See also 1. b2: It (the back-bone, or the back, الصُّلْبُ) clave to the belly [by reason of leanness]. (K.) b3: It (a camel's hump) became lean and thin. (S.) b4: He (an ass, K, or, as some say, a camel, and a horse or a mule or an ass, TA) became lean, or light of flesh, or slender, and lean, or lean, and lank in the belly, in consequence of much covering: (K, TA:) or, said of a horse or other animal, (A, TA,) or of a camel, (Har p. 173,) his belly clave to his back-bone, or back, by reason of leanness. (A, Har p. 173.) b5: And He (a camel) became fat; had much fat: thus it has two contr. meanings. (Az, TA.) b6: It (seed-produce [meaning corn]) spread forth the awn, or beard, of its ears, after they had formed, at the head, what resembled little compact balls; (K, TA;) as also ↓ حنّق. inf. n. تَحْنِيقٌ. (Ibn-' Abbád, K.) IAar says that you say of seed-produce [or corn] قَنْبَعَ ثُمَّ أَحْنَقَ ثُمَّ مَدَّ لِلْحَبِّ أَعْنَاقَهُ ثُمَّ حَمَلَ الدَّقِيقَ, i. e. Its ears had, at the head, what resembled little compact balls: then the extremities of its awn, or beard, appeared: then the internodal portions of its culms appeared: then [it bore farina; or] it increased, and [its heads] became like the heads of birds. (TA.) A2: He angered, (S, Msb, K,) or enraged, another. (S, Msb.) b2: He made a beast lean, or light of flesh. (Ham p. 29.) حَنَقٌ Anger, or rage: (S, K:) or vehemence of anger or rage: (M, K, Ham p. 29:) or (assumed tropical:) anger, or rage, that cleaves to one: (Har p. 173:) or rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite: (Har p. 568:) pl. حِنَاقٌ. (S, K.) حَنِقٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ حَنِيقٌ (ISd, O, K) Angered, or enraged; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ مُحْنَقٌ: (S, Msb:) or vehemently angered or enraged. (K.) حَنِيقٌ: see حَنِقٌ: b2: and مُحْنِقٌ.

مُحْنَقٌ: see حَنِقٌ.

مُحْنِقٌ Lean, or light of flesh; or slender, and lean; or lean, and lank in the belly: (AHeyth, T, TA:) and so the pl. مَحَانِيقُ applied to camels: (S, K:) or the former, applied to an ass, (S,) or a camel, (ISd, TA,) lean, &c., as above, (S, ISd, TA,) in consequence of much covering, (S,) or from lust, or hunger: and so مَحَانِيقُ applied to horses; as though they imagined the sing. to be مِحْنَاقٌ: (ISd, TA:) or the sing., applied to a horse, (A,) and to an ass, (TA,) lean, &c., as above, so that the belly cleaves to the back: and so the pls. مَحَانِقُ and مَحَانِيقُ applied to horses: (A, TA:) or مَحَانِيقُ signifies fat; as also حُنُقٌ [pl. of ↓ حَنِيقٌ]; (K, TA;) both applied to camels. (TA.)

حذق

1 حَذَقَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَذْقٌ (S, K, TA, in the CK حِذْق) and حَذَاقَةٌ, (K, TA, in the CK حِذاقَة,) He cut it; (S, K;) namely, a rope, (S,) or a thing: (K:) or he stretched it, or extended it, to cut it with a reaping-hook and the like, (K, TA,) so that there remained not of it anything. (TA.) b2: حَذَقَ الرِّبَاطُ يَدَ الشَّاةِ The bond made an impression upon the fore leg of the sheep, or goat, (IDrd, K,) by cutting. (IDrd.) b3: حَذَقَ فَاهُ, (IDrd, S, K,) inf. n. حَذْقٌ, (S,) said of vinegar, (IDrd, S, K,) and of milk [when sour], and of the beverage called نَبِيذ, and the like, (TA,) (tropical:) It stung, bit, or burned, his mouth, by its strength and sharpness, (IDrd, S, K, TA,) and contracted it. (K.) b4: And حَذَقَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K,) inf. n. حُذُوقٌ, said of vinegar, (S, Msb, K,) and of milk, (TA,) (tropical:) It was, or became, sour, (S, Msb, K, TA,) in the utmost degree, (Msb,) so that it burned the tongue. (Msb, TA.) b5: حَذَقَ القُرْآنَ, and (so in the S, but in the K “ or ”) العَمَلَ, aor. ـِ and حَذِقَ, aor. ـَ (S, K;) or ـَ فِيهِ, and حَذِقَ; (TA;) inf. n. (of both, S) حِذْقٌ and (of the former, S) حَذْقٌ and حِذَاقٌ and حَذَاقَةٌ (S, K) and حَذَاقٌ and حِذَاقَةٌ; or ↓ this last is a simple subst.; (K;) (tropical:) He (a boy) was, or became, skilled in the Kur-án, and the work; (S) or learned the whole of it, and was, or became, skilled in it: (K, TA:) from الحَذْقُ signifying “ the act of cutting. ” (Z, TA.) You say, هٰذَا يَوْمُ حِذَاقِهِ This is the day of his finishing [the learning or reciting] of the Kur-án. (S, K.) And حَذَقَ فِى صَنْعَتِهِ, [and بِهَا also,] aor. ـِ and حَذِقَ, aor. ـَ (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, skilled in his art, or habitual work or occupation, and knew its abstrusities and niceties. (Msb.) 2 تَحْذِيقٌ, [inf. n. of حذّقهُ (assumed tropical:) He, or it, made, or rendered, him skilful,] from الحِذْقُ, rests upon analogy, not upon the authority of hearsay. (Mgh.) 4 احذقهُ (assumed tropical:) It (the heat) rendered it sour, so that it burned the tongue; namely, vinegar. (TA.) 5 تحذّق (assumed tropical:) He feigned, or made a show of, skilfulness to us. (TA.) And ↓ حَذْلَقَ, (S, K, mentioned in the latter in art. حذلق,) with an augmentative ل, (S,) inf. n. حَذْلَقَةٌ, (A, TA,) (tropical:) He feigned, or made a show of, skilfulness, and [in some copies of the K “ or ”] laid claim to more than he possessed; as also ↓ تَحَذْلَقَ: (S, K, TA:) or ↓ حَذْلَقَةٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) the employing oneself, or using art or artifice, with skilfulness, cleverness, or ingeniousness: and فِى ↓ تحذلق كَلَامِهِ (assumed tropical:) he feigned, or made a show of, skilfulness, cleverness, or ingeniousness, in his speech. (L.) Yousay, ↓ فِيهِ حَذْلَقَةٌ and ↓ تَحَذْلُقٌ (tropical:) [In him is a quality of feigning, or making a show of, skilful ness, &c.]. (A, TA.) 7 انحذق It (a rope) was, or became, cut. (K, TA.) Hence the saying of the poet, يَكَادُ مِنْهُ نِيَاطُ القَلْبِ بَنْحَذِقُ [The suspensory of the heart is near to becoming severed in consequence thereof]. (TA.) Q. Q. 1 حَذْلَقَ, inf. n. حَذْلَقَةٌ: see 5, in three places.

A2: Also, [perhaps originally,] It was, or became, sharpened. (TA.) Q. Q. 2 تَحَذْلَقَ: see 5, in three places.

خِذْقَةٌ A piece, or portion cut off, of a rope: pl. حِذَاقٌ and حُذَاقٌ; as in the phrase, تَرَكْتُ الحَبْلَ حِذَاقًا and حُذَاقًا [I left the rope in pieces]. (K.) [See also what next follows.]

حَذِيقٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَحْذُوقٌ (K) Cut: (S, K, * TA:) pl. أَحْذَاقٌ. (Lh, TA.) One says حَبْلٌ

أَحْذَاقٌ A rope altogether worn out; as though it were cut: (Lh, K, * TA:) every part of it being termed حَذِيق. (Lh, TA.) مَاعِنْدَهُ حُذَاقَةٌ (tropical:) He has not aught of food. (K, TA.) [See also حُذَافَةٌ, with ف.]

حِذَاقَةٌ: see 1.

حُذَاقِىٌّ Sharpened: applied to a knife: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) and ↓ حِذْلَاقٌ signifies the same, applied to a thing [of any kind]. (TA.) b2: See also حَاذِقٌ. b3: (tropical:) A man chaste, or eloquent, of tongue; (S, K, * TA;) perspicuous in language. (S.) A2: A young ass; syn. حَجْشٌ. (K.) حِذْلِقٌ (assumed tropical:) A loquacious man; who affects to be commended for, or glories in, that which he does not possess. (TA.) حِذْلَاقٌ: see حُذَاقِىٌّ.

حَاذِقٌ Cutting, or sharp: (S, K: *) applied to a knife [&c.]. (S.) b2: (tropical:) Wine (شَرَاب) that has attained to its full maturity [of strength, so that it stings, bites, or burns; the tongue; see 1]: (AHn, TA:) likewise applied to vinegar [in the same sense; or as meaning sour, or sour in the utmost degree, so that it burns the tongue; see again 1]; as also ↓ حُذَاقِىٌّ. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) Skilled, or skilful, and thoroughly learned, [so as to know abstrusities and niceties, (see 1,)] in an art, or a habitual work or occupation, and in the Kur-án: pl. حُذَّاقٌ. (TA.) You say, فُلَانٌ فِى صَنْعَتِهِ حَاذِقٌ بَاذِقٌ (S, TA) (tropical:) Such a one is skilled, or skilful, &c., in his art, or habitual work or occupation; (TA;) using the latter word as an imitative sequent. (S, TA.) b4: (tropical:) Bad, evil, wicked, mischievous, or the like; syn. خَبِيثٌ. (TA.) مَحْذُوقٌ: see حَذِيقٌ.

مُتَحَذْلِقٌ Feigning, or making a show of, skilfulness, cleverness, or ingeniousness: or desiring to exceed his due bounds. (L.) [See 5.]

بكم

1 بَكِمَ aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. بَكَمٌ, (S, K,) He was أَخْرَسٌ [meaning dumb, either by natural conformation or from inability to find words to express what he would say]; (S, Msb, K; *) بَكَمٌ being syn. with خَرَسٌ, as is also بَكَامَةٌ [accord. to rule an inf. n. of بَكُمَ, which may also have the same signification as بَكِمَ, as well as another to be explained below]: (K:) or he had not understanding to reply, (T, Msb, TA,) nor ability to frame speech well, (T, TA,) though possessing the faculty of speech: [see أَبْكَمُ:] (T, Msb, TA:) or he was dumb, and moreover unable to find words to express what he would say, and weak in understanding, silly, or stupid: (K:) or he was dumb and deaf and blind by birth. (Th, K.) b2: بَكُمَ, aor. ـُ (inf. n. بَكَامَةٌ, TK,) He refrained, (Lth, K) or, as some say, broke off, or ceased, (TA,) from speaking, intentionally, (Lth, K, TA,) or from ignorance. (Lth, TA.) b3: (tropical:) He cut himself off, or desisted, from marriage, or sexual intercourse, either from ignorance or intentionally. (K, TA.) 5 تبكّم عَلَيْهِ الكَلَامُ His speech was, or became, impeded; he was unable to speak freely. (A, K.) بَكِيمٌ: see what follows, in two places.

أَبْكَمٌ (T, S, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ بَكِيمٌ (S, K) i. q. أَخْرَسُ [meaning Dumb, either by natural conformation or from inability to find words to express what he would say]: (S, Msb, K:) or not having understanding to reply, (IAar, T, Msb, TA,) nor ability to frame speech well, (T, TA,) though possessing the faculty of speech; whereas اخرس signifies speechless, or destitute of the faculty of speech, by natural conformation, (T, Msb, TA,) like the beast that lacks the faculty of articulation; (T, TA;) unable to find words to express what he would say; unable to reply: (Az, TA:) or dumb by natural conformation: (IAth, TA:) fem. بَكْمَآءُ: (TA:) pl. بُكْمٌ (Msb, K) and بُكْمَانٌ, (K,) both pls. of أَبْكَمُ, like as صُمٌّ and صُمَّانٌ are pls. of أَصَمُّ; and the pl. of ↓ بَكِيمٌ is أَبْكَامٌ. (TA.) In the Kur ii. 166, بُكْمٌ means persons in the condition of him who has been born dumb: or, as some say, deprived of their intellects: (Zj, TA:) or ignorant and ignoble; because not profiting much by the faculty of speech, so that they are as though they had been deprived of it. (IAth, TA.) The phrase فِتْنَةٌ صَمَّآءُ بَكْمَآءُ عَمْيَآءُ, occurring in a trad., [lit.] meaning [A sedition, or the like,] deaf, dumb, blind, applies to a فتنة that does not withdraw, or become removed: or, as some say, to one which, by reason of the confusion attending it, and the perishing of the sound and the sick therein, is likened to the deaf and dumb and blind who does not pursue the right course to a thing, but goes at random like the weak-sighted she-camel. (TA.)

حو

1 حَوِىَ [originally حَوِوَ]: see what next follows.9 اِحْوَوَى, (As, S, K,) [like اِرْعَوَى, originally اِحْوَوَّ, of the measure اِفْعَلَّ, then اِحْوَوَوَ, and then اِحْوَوَى,] aor. ـْ inf. n. اِحْوِوَآءٌ, said of a horse, (As, S,) He was, or became, of the colour termed حُوَّةٌ [q. v. infrà]; as also ↓ اِحْوَاوَى, (As, S, K,) [originally اِحْوَاوَّ, of the measure اِفْعَالَّ, then اِحْوَاوَوَ, and then اِحْوَاوَى,] aor. ـْ inf. n. اِحْوِيوَآءٌ, (As, S,) or, accord. to ISd, correctly, اِحْوِيَّآءٌ, because the ى changes the و [after it] into ى, as it does in أَيَّامٌ [which is originally أَيْوَامٌ]; (TA;) and ↓ اِحْوَوَّى, (ISd, K,) [accord. to the pronunciation of the Koofees, as will be seen below, originally اِحْوَوَّوَ,] said by IB to be found thus written in some of the copies of the book of As, [that entitled كِتَابُ الفَرَسِ,] but to be a mistake, because it is agreed that there is not in the language a verb ending with three letters of the same kind except اِبْيَضَضَّ [for اِبْيَضَّ]; (TA;) and ↓ حَوِىَ, (As, S, K,) like رَضِىَ, (K,) [originally حَوِوَ,] aor. ـْ inf. n. حُوَّةٌ, (As, S,) or حَوًى; (K;) this last verb mentioned by As as used by some of the Arabs. (S.) and الأَرْضُ ↓ اِحْوَاوَتِ The land was, or became, green; as also ↓ اِحْوَوَّت; (K;) [or the latter is correctly اِحْوَوَت:] IJ says that ↓ اِحْوَاوَت is of the measure اِفْعَالَّت, [originally اِحْوَاوَّت, then احْوَاوَوَت. and then اِحْوَاوَت,] and that the Koofees say اِحْوَاوَّت and ↓ اِحْوَوَّت; but ISd says that their usage is wrong, for the Arabs say اِحْوَوَى, like اِرْعَوَى, and do not say اِحْوَوَّ. (TA.) 11 اِحْوَاوَى: see 9; for each in three places.13 اِحْوَوَّى: see 9; for each in three places.

حُوَّةٌ [A brown colour;] redness inclining to blackness: (As, S, K:) or a colour intermixed with [the blackish red termed] كُمْتَةٌ, like the rust of iron: (S:) or blackness inclining to greenness. (K.) In the lip, [The brownish colour termed]

سُمْرَةٌ; (S;) [i. e.] a colour resembling [that termed] اللَّعَسُ and اللَّمَى: (T, TA:) or a blackness in the lips; which is approved. (Ham p. 386.) أَحْوَى Of the colour termed حُوَّةٌ [q. v. suprà]: and also black: (K:) or black by reason of [intense] خُضْرَة [by which may be here meant either greenness, or dark, or ashy, dust-colour]: (TA:) applied to a horse, i. q. كُمَيْتٌ [i. e. bay] overspread with blackness; (TA;) or red in the back; (En-Nadr, TA;) or more yellow than, but nearly the same as, such as is termed أَحَمُّ, so that one swears, of such a horse, that he is أَحَمّ: (AO, TA: [see مُحْلِفٌ:]) applied to a camel, whose خُضْرَة [here meaning dark, or ashy, dust-colour] is intermixed with blackness and yellowness: (S:) applied to a man, having [a brownish colour such as is termed] سُمْرَةٌ in the lip; (S;) or having a blackness in the lips, which is approved; (Ham p. 386;) fem. حَوَّآءُ, applied to a woman, (S,) and also to a lip (شَفَةٌ) as meaning red inclining to blackness: (K:) applied to a plant, inclining to blackness by reason of its intense greenness; (K;) and such is the softest of plants: (TA:) the pl. is حُوٌّ; occurring in a trad., in which the best of horses are said to be those thus termed: (TA:) the dim. of أَحْوَى is ↓ أُحَيْوٍ, in the dial. of him who says أُسَيْوِدُ [instead of أُسَيِّدُ, dim. of أَسْوَدُ]; but there is a difference of opinion as to the form with idghám: 'Eesà Ibn-'Omar says ↓ أُحَىٌّ, making it perfectly decl., which Sb pronounces a mistake: 'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà, or Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà, (accord. to different copies of the S,) says ↓ أُحَىٍّ, after the manner of أُحَيْوٍ, which, also, Sb disallows: Yoo says ↓ أُحَىُّ, and this, says Sb, is the regular and right form. (S.) [Hence,] بَكْرَةٌ حَوَّآءٌ A sheave of a pulley formed of black wood. (TA.) And نَمْلٌ حُوٌّ Red ants; called نَمْلُ سُلَيْمَانَ. (TA.) فَجَعَلَهُ غُثَآءً أَحْوَى, in the Kur [lxxxvii. 5], means, accord. to Fr, and hath made it (the herbage mentioned before) dried up, black by reason of oldness: or it may mean and hath made it to become غثآء [or decayed, or dried-up, leaves and stalks,] after it has been green. (TA.) أَحْوِىٌّ rel. n. of أَحْوَى. (TA.) أُحَىُّ and أُحَىٌّ and أُحَىٍّ: see أحْوَى.

أُحَيْوٍ: see أَحْوَى.