صفر
1 صَفَرَ
aor. ـِ
inf. n. صَفِيرٌ, (
S,
M,
K,) with which ↓ صُفَارٌ is
syn. in a phrase mentioned below; (
S;) and ↓ صفّر, (
M,
K,)
inf. n. تَصْفِيرٌ; (
TA;) He, or it, (a bird, a vulture,
S, and a serpent, or the أَسْوَد, or أَعْرَج, or اِبْن قِتْرَة, or أَصَلَة,
M,) whistled;
syn. مكَا; (
S;) made, or uttered, a certain sound, (
M,
Msb, *
K,) without the utterance of letters. (
Msb.) [It is mostly said of a bird: see an
ex. voce جَوٌّ.] One says [also], صَفَرَ فِى الصَّفَّارَةِ [He whistled in the whistle]. (
M,
K.) And صَفَرَ بِالْحِمَارِ, and ↓ صفّر, He called the ass to water [by whistling; for to do thus is the common custom of the Arabs]. (
M,
K.) And
Fr mentions the phrase, ↓ كَانَ فِى كَلَامِهِ صَفَارٌ, meaning صَفِيرٌ [i. e. There was in his speech a whistling]. (
S.)
A2: صَفِرَ,
aor. ـَ
inf. n. صَفَرٌ (
S,
M,
A,
K, &c.) and صُفُورٌ; (
M,
K;) and
accord. to the
T, صَفَرَ,
aor. ـُ
inf. n. صُفُورَةٌ; (
TA;) It, or he, was, or became, empty, void, or vacant; (
S,
M,
A,
Msb,
K;) namely, a house or tent; (
S;) or a vessel, (
S,
M, &c.,) مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَالشَّرَابِ [of food and beverage]; and a skin, مِنَ اللَّبَنِ [of milk]; (
TA;) and a hand; (A;) and a thing; (
S,
M;) and
accord. to
ISk, صَفِرَ,
aor. ـَ
inf. n. صَفِيرٌ, is said of a man. (
TA.) [See also 4, last sentence but one.] One says, نَعُوذُ بِاللّٰهِ مِنْ قَرَعِ الفِنَآءِ وَصَفَرِ الإِنَآءِ (
S,
M, A) [We seek preservation by God from the yard's becoming void of cattle, and the vessel's becoming empty;] meaning, from the perishing of the cattle. (
S.) And صَفِرَتْ وِطَابُهُ, (
M,
A,
K, [in the
CK, erroneously, وَطْاَتُهُ,]) and صَفِرَ إِنَاؤُهُ, (
A,) [
lit. His milk-skins, and his vessel, became empty;] meaning (
tropical:) he died; (
M,
K;) he perished. (A. [See also other explanations in art. وطب.])
A3: صُفِرَ, (
M,
K,)
inf. n. صَفْرٌ, (
K,) He had what is termed صُفَار, i. e. yellow water in his belly. (
M,
K.) 2 صَفَّرَ see above, in two places.
A2: and see 4.
A3: Also صفّرهُ, (
S,
M,
K,)
inf. n. تَصْفِيرٌ, (
K,) He made it yellow: (
S:) he dyed it yellow; (
M,
K;) namely, a garment, or piece of cloth. (
M.) 4 اصفرهُ He emptied it; or made it void, or vacant; namely, a house or tent [&c.]; (
M,
K;) as also ↓ صفّرهُ, (
K,)
inf. n. تَصْفِيرٌ. (
TA.) The Arabs say, مَا أَصْغَيْتُ لَكَ إِنَآءً وَلَا أَصْفَرْتُ لَكَ فِنَآءً
[I have not overturned a vessel belonging to thee, nor have I emptied a yard belonging to thee]; meaning I have not taken thy camels nor thy property, so that thy vessel should be overturned and thou shouldst find no milk to milk into it, and so that thy yard should be empty, plundered, no camel or sheep or goat lying in it: it is said in excusing oneself. (
M.)
A2: [
Accord. to Freytag, اصفر signifies also It (a house) was, or became, empty, or void, of (مِنْ) household-goods: so that it is
syn. with صَفِرَ: and this is probably correct: for
b2: ] أَصْفَرَ, (
S,
K,) also, (
K,) signifies He was, or became, poor; (
S,
K;) said of a man. (
S.) 5 تصفّر المَالُ The cattle became in good condition, the vehement heat of summer having departed from them: [or,]
accord. to
Sgh, تصفّرت الإِبِلُ signifies The camels became fat in the [season called the] صَفَرِيَّة. (
TA.) 9 اصفرّ It become أَصْفَر [i. e. yellow: and also black]: (
S,
M,
K:) and so ↓ اصفارّ: (
S,
K:) or the former signifies it was so constantly: and the latter, it was so transiently. (
Az,
TA. [See 9 in art. حمر.]) 11 إِصْفَاْرَّ see the next preceding paragraph.
صَفْرٌ: see صِفْرٌ.
صُفْرٌ: see صِفْرٌ.
A2: Also, (
S,
M,
A,
Msb,
K,) and ↓ صِفْرٌ
accord. to
AO, (
S,
M,
Msb, *) who allowed no other form, but the former is the better, (
M,) [Brass;] the metal of which vessels are made; (
S;)
i. q. نُحَاسٌ [which means both copper and brass]; (
A,
Msb;) or a sort of نُحَاس; or نُحَاس made yellow; (
M;) or the best sort of نُحَاس; (
Msb;) or an excellent sort thereof: (
TA:)
n. un. ↓ صُـ
ـفْرَةٌ. (
M.)
b2: And Gold: (
M,
A,
K: [see also الصَّفْرَآءُ,
voce أَصْفَرُ:]) or deenars; either because they are yellow (صُفْرٌ [
pl. of أَصْفَرُ]), or thus called because resembling the صُفْر of which vessels are made. (
M.)
b3: And Women's ornaments. (
A.)
b4: إِنَّهُ لَفِى صُفْرِهِ, (
S,
O,
TA, [thus in an old and very excellent copy of the
S, in another copy of which I find, as in Freytag's Lex., ↓ صُـ
ـفْرَةٍ,]) and ↓ صِفْرِهِ, (
TA,) [
app. means He is in that state in which he requires to be rubbed with saffron; for it] is said of him who is affected by madness, when he is in the days in which his reason fails; because they used to rub him with somewhat of saffron. (
S,
O,
L.) صِفْرٌ (
S,
M,
A,
Msb,
K) and ↓ صُفْرٌ and ↓ صُفُرٌ and ↓ صَفِرٌ (
M,
K) and ↓ صَفْرٌ (
M) and ↓ أَصْفَرُ (
Msb) Empty, void, or vacant; (
S,
M,
A,
Msb,
K;) applied to a house or tent, (
S,
Msb,) and to a vessel, (
M,
A,) and to a hand: (
A:) each of the first three is used alike as
masc. and
fem. and
sing. [and dual] and
pl.: (
M:) [and so,
app., is the last but one:] and each has also for its
pl. أَصْفَارٌ. (
M,
K.) One says بَيْتٌ صِفْرٌ مِنَ المَتَاعِ A house, or tent, or chamber, empty, or void, of furniture and utensils. (
S.) And [applying the
pl. form of the
epithet to a
sing. subst.,] إِنَآءٌ أَصْفَارٌ An empty vessel; (
M,
K;) like as one says بُرْمَةٌ أَعْشَارٌ; on the authority of
IAar: (
M:) and [applying the sing form of the
epithet to a
pl. subst.,] آنِيَةٌ صِفْرٌ empty vessels. (
M,
K.) and رَجُلٌ صِفْرُ اليَدَيْنِ A man empty-handed. (
S,
Msb.) And صِفْرٌ مِنَ الخَيْرِ (assumed
tropical:) Void of good. (
TA.) And it is said, in a
trad., of Umm-Zara, that she was صِفْرٌ رِدَاؤُهَا meaning (assumed
tropical:) Lank in her belly; as though her رداء, which is a garment that falls upon the belly and there ends, were empty. (
TA.) And هُوَ صِفْرٌ صِحْرٌ It is [utterly] empty; صحر being an
imitative sequent. (
Kh,
Ham p.
354.)
b2: صِفْرٌ in arithmetical notation, in the Indian method, is A circle [or the character ه, denoting nought, or zero; whence our term “ cipher: ” when nought is thus denoted, five is denoted by a character resembling our
B: but more commonly, in the present day, nought is denoted by a round dot; and five, by ه]. (
L,
TA.)
A2: See also صُفْرٌ, in two places.
صَفَرٌ [an
inf. n. of صَفِرَ,
q. v.:
b2: and hence,] Hunger: and ↓ صَـ
ـفْرَةٌ [the
inf. n. un.] a hungering once. (
M,
K.)
b3: Also A certain disease in the belly, which renders the face yellow: (
M,
K:) or a collecting of water in the belly. (
KT.) [See also صُفَارٌ.]
b4: Also A kind of serpent, (
S,
M,
K,) in the belly, (
S,
K,) which sticks to the ribs, and bites them, (
M,
K,) or, as the Arabs assert, which bites a man when he is hungry, its bite occasioning the stinging which a man feels when he is hungry: (
S:) used alike as
sing. and
pl.; or one is termed صَـ
ـفَرَةٌ: (
M:) and it is said to be what is meant by the word in a
trad., in which it is disacknowledged: (
S,
TA:) or a certain reptile (دَابَّة) which bites the ribs and their cartilages: (
M,
K:) or a certain serpent in the belly, which attacks beasts and men, and which,
accord. to the Arabs [of the time of Ignorance], passes from one to another more than the mange or scab; (Ru-beh:) the Prophet, however, denied its doing so: it is said also that it oppresses and hurts a man when he is hungry: (
A'Obeyd:) this is the explanation approved by
Az: (
TA:) or, as also ↓ صُفَارٌ, worms in the belly, (
M,
K,
TA,) and in the cartilages of the ribs, which cause a man to become very yellow, and sometimes kill him. (
TA.) You say, عَضَّ عَلَى شُرْسُوفِهِ الصَّفَرُ, meaning, (
tropical:) He was hungry. (
A.)
A2: Accord. to some, (
M,) in the
trad. above referred to, صَفَرٌ signifies The postponing of [the month] El-Moharram, transferring it to Safar: (
A'Obeyd,
M,
K:) [see نَسِىْءٌ:] or it there means the disease called by this name, because they asserted it to be transitive. (
K.)
A3: Also The intellect, or understanding; or the heart, or mind;
syn. رُوعٌ: (
M,
K: [in the
CK رَوْع:]) the inmost part (لُبّ) of the heart. (
M,
K.) Hence the saying, (
TA,) لَا يَلْتَاطُ هٰذَا بِصَفَرِى
This will not adhere to me, [or to my mind,] nor will my soul accept it: (
S,
TA:) said of that which one does not love. (
A.)
A4: Also A contract, compact, or covenant: or suretiship, or responsibility:
syn. عَقْدٌ. (
M,
L,
K. [In some copies of the
K, فقد.])
A5: Also (
S,
M,
Msb,
K) and sometimes [صَفَرُ,] imperfectly
decl., (
K,) but all make it perfectly
decl. except
AO, who makes it imperfectly
decl. because it is determinate [or a proper name] and similar in meaning to سَاعَةٌ, which is
fem., meaning that all nouns signifying times are سَاعَات, (
Th,
M,) and,
accord. to some, الصَّفَرُ, (
Msb,) [The second month of the Arabian calendar;] the month that is [the next] after ElMoharram (المُحَرَّمُ): (
S,
M,
K:) so called because in it they used to procure their provision of corn from the places [in which it was collected, their granaries having then become empty (صِفْر); agreeably with the opinion of my learned friend Mons. Fulgence Fresnel, that it was so called from the scarcity of provisions in the season in which it fell when it was first named; for it then fell in winter: see the latter of the two tables in p. 1254; and see also نَسِىْءٌ]: or because Mekkeh was then empty, its people having gone forth to travel: or,
accord. to Ru-beh, because the Arabs in it made predatory expeditions, and left those whom they met empty: (
M:) or because they then made predatory expeditions, and left the houses of the people empty: (
Msb in art. جمد:)
pl. أَصْفَارٌ, (
S,
M,
Msb,
K,) and, as some say, صَفَرَاتٌ. (
Msb.)
b2: الصَّفَرَانِ The two months of El-Moharram and Safar; (
M;) two months of the year, whereof one was called by the Muslims El-Moharram. (
IDrd,
M,
Msb,
K.) صَفِرٌ: see صِفْرٌ, first sentence.
صُفُرٌ: see صِفْرٌ, first sentence.
صَـ
ـفْرَةٌ: see صَفَرٌ, [of which it is the
n. un.,] first sentence.
صُـ
ـفْرَةٌ [Yellowness;] a certain colour, (
S,
M,
Msb,) well known, (
M,
K,) less intense than red, (
Msb,) found in animals and in some other things, and,
accord. to
IAar, in water. (
M.)
b2: Also Blackness. (
M,
K.)
b3: See also صُفْرٌ, in two places.
A2: صُـ
ـفْرَةُ, imperfectly
decl., is a proper name for The she-goat. (
Sgh,
K.) صَفَرِىٌّ (
S,
M,
K) and ↓ صَفَرِيَّةٌ (
K) The increase, or offspring, (نِتَاج,) of sheep or goats (
S,
M,
K [in the
CK, او is erroneously put for و before this explanation]) after that called قَيْظِىٌّ: (
S,
TA:) or at the period of the [auroral] rising of Suheyl [or Canopus, which, in Central Arabia, at the commencement of the era of the Flight, was about the 4th of August, O.
S.; here erroneously said in the
M to be in the beginning of winter]: (
M,
K:) or ↓ the latter word signifies [as above, and also the period itself above mentioned: or] the period from the rising of Suheyl to the setting of الذِّرَاع [the Seventh Mansion of the Moon, which, in the part and age above mentioned, was about the 3rd of January, O.
S.], when the cold is intense; and then breeding is approved: (
M:) or the period from the rising of Suheyl to the rising of السِّمَاك [the Fourteenth Mansion of the Moon, which, in the part and age above mentioned, was about the 4th of October, O.
S.], commencing with forty nights of varying, or alternating, heat and cold, called المُعْتَدِلَاتُ: (
Az:) the first increase [of sheep and goats] is the صَقَعِىّ, which is when the sun smites (تَصْقَعُ) the heads of the young ones; and some of the Arabs call it the شَمْسِىّ, and the قَيْظِىّ: then is the صَفَرِىّ, after the صَقَعِىّ; and that is when the fruit of the palm-tree is cut off: then, the شَتَوِىّ, which is in the [season called] رَبِيع: then, the دَفَئِىّ, which is when the sun becomes warm: then, the صَيفِىّ: then, the قَيْظِىّ: then, the خَرَفِىّ, in the end of the [season called] قَيْظ: (Aboo-Nasr:) or صَفَرِيَّةٌ signifies, (
M,
K,) and so صَفَرِىٌّ, (
K,) the [period of the] departure of the heat and the coming of the cold: (
AHn,
M,
K:) or the period between the departure of the summer and the coming of the winter: (Aboo-Sa'eed:) or the first of the seasons; [
app. meaning the autumnal season, called الخَرِيف, which was the first of the four, and of the six, seasons; or perhaps the first of the seasons of rain, commonly called الوَسْمِىّ;] and it may be a month: (
AHn,
M,
K:) or the latter, (
M,) or both, (
TA,) the beginning of the year. (
M,
TA.) [Hence,] أَيَّامُ
↓ الصَّفَرِيَّةِ Twenty days of, or from, (مِنْ,) the latter part of the summer, or hot season. (
TA voce حُلَّبٌ.)
b2: Also the former, (
S,) or ↓ both, (
TA,) The rain that comes in the beginning of autumn: (
S:) or from the period of the rising of Suheyl to that of the setting of الذِّرَاع [
expl. above]. (
TA.)
b3: Also the latter, (
S,
M,) or ↓ both, (
K,) A plant that grows in the beginning of the autumn: (
S,
M,
K:) so called,
accord. to
AHn, because the beasts become yellow when they pasture upon that which is green; their arm-pits and similar parts, and their lips and fur, becoming yellow; but [
ISd says,] I have not found this to be known. (
M.) صُفْرِيَّةٌ A sort of dates of El-Yemen, which are dried in the state in which they are termed بُسْر, (
AHn,
M,
K,) being then yellow; and when they become dry, and are rubbed with the hand, they crumble, and سَوِيق is sweetened with them, and they surpass sugar; (
AHn,
M;) [or] they supply the place of sugar in سَوِيق. (
K.)
A2: الصُّفْرِيَّةُ, (
S,
M,
K,) and, (
K,) or as some say, (
S,
M,) ↓ الصِّفْرِيَّةُ, (
M,
K,) A sect of the خَوَارِج, (
S,) a party of the حَرُورِيَّة; (
M,
K;) so called in relation to Sufrah (صُـ
ـفْرَةُ [which is the name of a place in El-Yemámeh]): (
M:) or in relation to Ziyád Ibn-El-Asfar, (
S,
K,) their head, or chief; (
S;) or to 'Abd-Allah (
S,
M,
K) Ibn-Es-Saffár, (
S,) or Ibn-Saffár, (
K,) or Ibn-Safár, (so in a copy of the
M,) in which case it is
extr. in form; (
M;) or on account of the yellowness of their complexions; or because of their being void of religion; (
K;)
accord. to which last derivation, it is ↓ الصِّفْرِيَّةُ, with kesr; and
As holds this to be the right opinion. (
TA.)
b2: And the former (الصُّفْرِيَّةُ) The مَهَالِبَة, (
M,
K,) who were celebrated for bounty and generosity; (
TA;) so called in relation to Aboo-Sufrah, (
M,
K,) who was [surnamed] Abu-l-Mohelleb. (
M.) الصِّفْرِيَّةُ: see the next preceding paragraph in two places.
صَفَرِيَّةٌ: see صَفَرِىٌّ, in five places.
صِفْرِيتٌ is the
sing. of صَفَارِيتُ, (
S,) which signifies Poor men: (
S,
K:) the ت is augmentative. (
S.) صَفَارٌ, (
S,
M,) with fet-h, (
S,) or ↓ صُفَارٌ, like غُرَابٌ, (
K,) What is dry, of [the species of barleygrass called] بُهْمَى: (
S,
M,
K:)
app. because of its yellowness: (
M:) it has prickles that cling to the lips of the horses. (
TA in art. شفه.)
b2: and the former,
accord. to
ISk, A certain plant. (
TA.) صُفَارٌ: see 1, in two places.
A2: Also A certain disease, in consequence of which one becomes yellow: (
A:) the yellow water that collects in the belly; (
M,
K;)
i. q. سِقْىٌ: (
M:) or a collecting of yellow water in the belly, which is cured by cutting the نَائِط, a vein in the صُلْبِ [i. e. backbone, or back]. (
S.)
b2: See also صَفَرٌ.
b3: and see صَفَارٌ.
b4: Also A yellowness that takes place in wheat before the grain has become full. (
A,
TA.)
b5: And Remains of straw and of other fodder, at the roots of the teeth of beasts; as also ↓ صِفَارٌ. (
M,
K.)
b6: And The tick, or ticks: (
M,
K:) and, (
K,) or as some say, (
M,) an insect, or animalcule, (دُوَيْبَّةٌ,) that is found in the solid hoofs, and in the toes, or soles, of camels, (
M,
K,) in the hinder parts thereof. (
M.) صِفَارٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.
صَفِيرٌ
inf. n. of صَفَرَ [
q. v.]. (
S,
M,
K.)
A2: [In the present day it signifies also The sapphire.]
صُفَارَةٌ What has withered, (
M,
K,) and become altered to yellow, (
M,) of plants, or herbage. (
M,
K.) صَفِيرَةٌ A dam (ضَفِيرَةٌ) between two tracts of land. (
Sgh,
K.) صُفَارَى A species of bird, that whistles (يَصْفِرُ). (
M. [See also what next follows.]) صُفَارِيَّةٌ A certain bird; (
IAar,
S;) as also صُفَارِيَةٌ, without teshdeed; (
S;) the bird called تُبَشِّرٌ, (
S in art. بشر,) or تُبُشِّرٌ: (
K in that art.:) [Golius (who writes the word صَفَارِيَّةٌ) adds, “ut puto, quæ in Syria صُفَيْرا dicitur, flava, duplo major passere, nam et passer luteus, ut reddit Meid. ”:]
i. q. صَعْوَةٌ. (
IAar.) [See also الأَصْقَعُ.]
صُفُورِيَّةٌ,
accord. to the
K, A kind of نَبَات [i. e. plant]: but in the Tekmileh, a kind of ثِيَاب [i. e. garments, or cloths];
pl. of ثَوْب; and it bears the mark of correctness. (
TA.) صَفَّارٌ: see صَافِرٌ
A2: Also A fabricator of صُفْر [or brass]. (
M,
K.) صُفَّارٌ, with damm, The entire quill of a feather. (
AA, O.) صَفَّارَةٌ [A whistle: so in the present day: and also a fife:] a hollow thing (
M,
K) of copper, (
K,) in which a boy whistles (
M,
K) to pigeons, (
K,) or to an ass, that he may drink. (
TS,
L,
K.)
b2: [Hence,] الصَّفَّارَةُ The anus;
syn. الاِسْتُ; (
M,
K;) in the
dial. of the Sawád. (
TA.) صَافِرٌ Whistling; or a whistler. (
TA.)
b2: and hence, (
TA,) A thief; (
K;) as also ↓ صَفَّارٌ: [or this signifies a frequent, or habitual, whistler:] the thief being so called because he whistles in fear of his being suspected: whence, as some explain it, the saying أَجْبَنُ مِنْ صَافِرٍ [More cowardly than a thief]: (
TA:) a
prov.:
accord. to
AO, it means in this instance one who whistles to a woman for the purpose of fornication or adultery; because he fears lest he should be seen: or
b3: accord. to
A'Obeyd, Any bird that whistles; for birds of prey do not whistle, but only ignoble birds, that are preyed upon: (
Meyd:) [or] any bird that does not prey: (
M,
K:) and any bird having a cry: and a certain cowardly bird: (
K:) [
accord. to
Dmr, as stated by Freytag, it is a bird of the passerine kind; also called ↓ صَافِرِيَّةٌ:]
accord. to Mohammad Ibn-Habeeb, (
Meyd,) a certain bird that suspends itself from trees, hanging down its head, whistling all the night in fear lest it should sleep and be taken; and so in the
prov. above mentioned: (
Meyd, A: *) or,
accord. to
IAar, it means بِهِ ↓ مَصْفُورٌ [whistled to]: i. e., when he is whistled to, he flees: and by بِهِ ↓ المَصْفُورُ is meant the bird called التنوّط [i. e. التَّنَوُّطُ or التُّنَوِّطُ &c.], the cowardice of which induces it to weave for itself a nest like a purse, suspended from a tree, narrow in the mouth and wide in the lower part, in which it protects itself, fearing lest a bird of prey should light upon it: (
Meyd: [see also art. نوط:]) or any coward. (
TA.)
b4: مَا بِهَا صَافِرٌ There is not in it (i. e. the house, الدَّار,
TA) any one: (
S,
K:) [
lit.] any one who whistles: (
M:) or any one to be called by whistling; صَافِرٌ being here an instance of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ followed by بِهِ. (
T,
TA.) صَافِرِيَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.
أَصْفَرُ [a comparative and superlative
epithet form صَفَرَ]. One says أَصْفَرُ مِنْ بُلْبُلٍ [A greater whistler, or warbler, than the بلبل]. (
S.)
A2: See also صِفْرٌ.
b2: [Also More, and most, empty, void, or vacant.] It is said in a
trad., أَصْفَرُ البُيُوتِ مِنَ الخَيْرِ البَيْتُ الصِّفْرُ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللّٰهِ [That one of houses which is the most void of good is the house that is destitute of the Book of God]. (
S.)
A3: Also [Yellow;] of the colour termed صُـ
ـفْرَةٌ: (
S,
M,
K:)
fem. صَفْرَآءُ: (
Msb, &c.:)
pl. صُفْرٌ. (
TA.) And Black (
A'Obeyd,
S,
K) is sometimes thus termed: (
S:) applied to a camel, as in the
Kur lxxvii. 33, because a black camel always has an intermixture of yellow: (
TA:) or, applied to a camel, of a colour whereof the ground is black, with some yellow hairs coming through. (
M.) Applied to a horse, Of the colour termed in
Pers\.زَرْدَهْ [a kind of sorrel], (
S,) but not unless having a yellow [or sorrel] tail and mane. (
As,
S.)
b2: بَنُو الأَصْفَرِ The Greeks (الرُّومُ): (
S, A:) or their kings: because the sons of El-Asfar the son of Room the son of 'Eesoo (or 'Eysoon,
TA, [i. e. Esau,]) the son of Is-hák [or Isaac] (
K) the son of Ibráheem [or Abraham]: (
TA:) or El-Asfar was a surname of Room: (
TA:) or they were so called because their first ancestor, (
A,
IAth,) Room the son of 'Eysoon, (
IAth,) was of a yellow complexion: (
A,
IAth:) or because they were conquered by an army of Abyssinians by whom their women had yellow children: (
K:) [or] they are the modern Muscovites. (
TA.)
b3: الأَصْفَرَانِ Gold and saffron; (
S,
M,
K;) which are said to destroy women: (
TA:) or the plant called وَرْس and saffron: (
S,
K:) or the plant called وَرْس and gold: (
M:) or saffron and raisins. (
ISk,
Sgh,
K.)
b4: And الصَّفْرَآءُ Gold. (
M,
K. [See also صُفْرٌ.]) Hence the saying of 'Alee, يَا صَفْرَآءُ اصْفَرِّى وَيَا بَيْضَآءُ ابْيَضِّى وَغُرِّى غَيْرِى O gold, [be yellow,] and O silver, [be white, and beguile other than me:] and one says also, مَا لِفُلَانٍ صَفْرَآءُ وَلَا بَيْضَآءُ [There is not belonging to such a one gold nor silver]. (
TA.)
b5: Also A kind of bile, (
M,
K,) well-known; (
K;) [the yellow bile; one of the four humours of the body; of which the others are the black bile (السَّوْدَآءُ), the blood (الدَّمُ), and the phlegm (البَلْغَمُ):] so called because of its colour. (
M.)
b6: And The bow that is made of [the tree called] نَبْع. (
S, *
K, *
TA.)
b7: and The female locust that is devoid of eggs. (
M,
K.)
b8: And A certain plant, (
S,
M,
K,) of the plain or soft tracts, and of the sands, (
M,
K,) and sometimes growing in hard level ground: (
M:) or a certain herb, that spreads upon the ground, (
AHn,
M,) the leaves of which are like those of the خَسّ [or lettuce], (
AHn,
M,
K,) and which the camels eat vehemently: (
AHn,
M:) it is of the kind called ذُكُور. (Aboo-Nasr,
M.) مُصْفَرٌ: see its
fem., with ة,
voce مَصْفُورٌ.
مُصْفِرٌ A poor man. (
S.) مُصَفَّرٌ; and its
fem., with ة: see مَصْفُورٌ.
هُوَ مَصَفِّرُ اسْتِهِ is from الصَّفِيرُ, [see صَفَرَ,] not from الصُّـ
ـفْرَةُ, (
S,) and means He is a صَرَّاط; (
S,
K;) as though denoting cowardice: (
TA:) or it is from صَفَّرَ “ he dyed yellow; ” (
M;) and was applied to Aboo-Jahl; (
M,
TA;) meaning that he dyed his اِسْت with saffron, and was addicted to [the enormity termed] أُبْنَة: this,
accord. to
Sgh, is the correct explanation; and he adds that it is said of a luxurious man, whom experience and afflictions have not rendered firm, or sound, in judgment. (
TA.)
b2: المُصَـ
ـفِّرَةُ is an appellation applied to Those whose sign [meaning the colour of their ensign] is صُـ
ـفْرَة; (
M,
K;) [i. e. whose ensign is yellow;] and is similar to المُحَمِّرَةُ and المُبَيِّضَةُ. (
M.) مَصْفُورٌ: see صَافِرٌ, in two places.
A2: Also Hungry; and so ↓ مُصَفَّرٌ. (
K.)
b2: Of the مَصْفُورَة, (
TA,) and ↓ مُصْـ
ـفَرَة, (
Mgh,
TA,) or ↓ مُصَـ
ـفَّرَة, (
Mgh,) which one is forbidden to offer in sacrifice, (
Mgh,
TA,) it is said that the first is Such as has the ear entirely cut off; because its ear-hole is destitute of the ear: and the second, the lean, or emaciated; because devoid of fatness; or,
accord. to
KT, the first and second have the latter meaning, as though destitute of fat and flesh: (
TA:) or the second and third have the latter meaning; or the former meaning: (
Mgh:) but
accord. to the relation of
Sh, what is thus forbidden is termed المَصْغُورَةُ, with غ, having the former of the meanings
expl. above; which
IAth disapproves: (
TA in art. صغر:) or المُصَغَّرَةُ. (
Mgh in that art.)
A3: Also Having the disease termed صُفَار: (
A,
TA:) or one from whose belly comes forth yellow water. (
TA.)
