عجب

1 عَجِبَ مِنْهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) [and لَهُ, as shown by what follows,] aor. ـَ inf. n. عَجَبٌ; (Msb, TA;) and منه ↓ تعجّب, and ↓ استعجب منه, (S, O, Msb, K,) which two are syn. each with the other, (S, O, K,) and with the first also; (S, K;) all signify He wondered at it; i. e. he deemed it strange, extraordinary, or improbable, said of a thing occurring, or presenting itself, to him; (K, TA;) on account of his being little accustomed to it: (TA:) or the first signifies [as above, i. e.] he deemed it strange, extraordinary, or improbable: and ↓ تَعَجُّبٌ is of two kinds; one is [the wondering] at a thing which one commends, and it means the accounting (a thing) good or goodly, or approving [it], and expressing one's approval of a thing; and the other is at a thing that one dislikes, and it means the deeming [a thing] strange, extraordinary, or improbable, and discommending [it]: (Msb:) or, accord. to some of the grammarians, it signifies the mind's becoming affected, or acted upon, by some excessive quality in the thing by which it is so affected; [so that it may be rendered the becoming affected with wonder;] as when one says مَا أَشْجَعَهُ [“ how courageous is he! ”] and أَسْمِعْ بِهِمْ وَأَبْصِرْ [“ how clearly shall they hear! and how clearly shall they see! ”]: (Msb, MF, TA:) or it is [the wondering] at a thing of which the cause, or reason, is hidden, and not known: or it is when one sees a thing that pleases him, and thinks that he has not seen the like of it: (L, TA:) [therefore تَعَجَّبَ مِنْهُ may be rendered he wondered at it, and he admired it:] accord. to some, it peculiarly relates to what is deemed good or goodly, or approved; [though this is inconsistent with the application of the grammatical term فِعْلُ التَّعَجُّبِ the verb of wonder;] and the subst. derived from it is ↓ عَجْبٌ: and ↓ استعجب relates to what is good or goodly or approved, and to what is otherwise; and the subst. is ↓ عَجَبٌ [which is also the inf. n. of عَجِبَ]: or accord. to the A and L, ↓ استعجب signifies he wondered at a thing intensely; or became affected with intense wonder. (TA.) b2: [عَجَبًا لِهٰذَا, a phrase of common occurrence, (mentioned in the K voce وَيْبٌ, &c.,) is for أَعْجَبُ عَجَبًا لِهٰذَا I wonder greatly, lit. with wondering, at this. See also an ex. voce عَجَبٌ, last sentence but two.] b3: Of the words in the Kur xxxvii. 12, there are two readings, بَلْ عَجِبْتَ وَيَسْخَرُونَ and بل عَجِبْتُ ويسخرون: accord. to the former, the meaning is, Nay, thou wonderest at their conduct, or deemest it extraordinary, [O Mohammad,] and they mock: respecting the latter reading, [which may be rendered Nay, I wonder, &c.,] it is observed that عَجَبٌ when attributed to God has a meaning different from that which it has when attributed to men: IAth says that, when attributed to God, it is used in a tropical manner, as the causes of things are not hidden from Him: or, accord. to IAmb, the verb here meams I have recompensed them for their wondering at the truth, or their deeming it strange or improbable: and in like manner it is said [in the Kur viii. 30], يَمْكُرُونَ وَيَمْكُرُ اللّٰهُ [lit. “ They plot and God plotteth ”], meaning, “God recompenseth them for their plotting. ” (L, TA.) b4: It is also said that عَجَبٌ when attributed to God [sometimes] means The being well pleased, content, or satisfied. (K, TA.) The saying, in a trad., عَجِبَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ يُقَادُونَ

إِلَى الجَنَّة فِى السَّلَاسِلِ means Thy Lord wonders at a people who will be led to Paradise in chains [because of their deeming themselves unworthy thereof]; the verb عجب being here used in a tropical sense: or the meaning is, thy Lord is well pleased with, and will reward, a people &c.: and there are other trads. of the same kind. (L, TA.) b5: عَجِبَ إِلَيْهِ means He loved, or liked, him, or it. (L, TA.) [See a verse cited voce عَجِيبٌ; from which it seems to signify lit. He, or it, was an object of love to him.]

A2: عَجِبَتْ, inf. n. عَجَبٌ; and عَجُبَتْ; said of a she-camel, She was, or became, such as is termed عَجْبَآء (TA.) 2 عجّبهُ, inf. n. تَعْجِيبٌ, He caused him to wonder, (S, O, K, TA,) بِالشَّىْءِ [by the thing]. (TA. [See also 4.]) 4 اعجبهُ It (a thing, or an affair, or event, TA) induced, or excited, him to wonder. (K, TA. [See also 2.]) In the following saying of Ibn-Keys-er-Rukeiyát, رَأَتْ فِى الرَّأْسِ مِنِّى شَيْبَةً لَسْتُ أُغَيِّبُهَا فَقَالَتْ لِى ابْنُ قَيْسٍ ذَا وَبَعْضُ الشَّيْبِ يُعْجِبُهَا the meaning is, [She saw upon my head some hoariness, which I did not hide; and she said to me, “Is this Ibn-Keys? ” somewhat of hoariness] causing her to have wonder. (TA.) b2: And It (a thing, or an affair, or event, TA) induced in him wonder, or admiration, and pleasure, or joy: (K:) or it excited his admiration, or approval: (Msb:) or it pleased, or rejoiced, him. (TA.) You say, أَعْجَبَنِى هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ لِحُسْنِهِ [This thing has excited my admiration, or approval, or has pleased me, for its goodness, or goodliness, or beauty]. (S, O.) And أَعْجَبَنِى حُسْنُهُ [Its goodness, or goodliness, or beauty, excited my admiration, &c.]. (Msb.) b3: And أُعْجِبَ بِهِ He was excited to wonder, or admiration, and pleasure, or joy, by it; he admired it, and was pleased with it, or rejoiced by it. (K.) You say, أُعْجِبَ بِنَفْسِهِ, (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. إِعْجَابٌ, [which is often used as syn. with عُجْبٌ, the corresponding subst.,] (O,) [He admired himself, (lit. was excited to admiration by himself,) was pleased with himself, or was self-conceited, or vain; or] he exalted, and magnified, himself; was haughty, and proud. (Msb.) b4: [مَا أَعْجَبَهُ generally signifies How wonderful is it!] b5: مَا أَعْجَبَهُ بِرَأْيِهِ [How greatly does he admire his opinion or judgment! or how greatly is he pleased with it! or how conceited, or vain, or proud, is he of it!] is anomalous [in two respects], (S, O, K,) not to be taken as an example to be imitated; (S, O;) for the verb here is formed from a passive [and augmented] verb [أُعْجِبَ], like as is the case in مَا أَشْغَلَهُ; whereas it is the primary rule with respect to the verb of wonder that it shall not be formed from any but an active [and unaugmented] verb. (TA.) 5 تَعَجَّبَ see 1, in two places. b2: One says also, تعجّب فِى مِشْيَتِهِ [app. meaning He showed عُجْب, i. e. self-admiration, &c., in his gait]. (TA voce تَفَخَّتَ.) A2: تَعَجَّبَنِى signifies تَصَبَّانِى

[He excited my desire, and invited me, or made me to incline, to ignorant, or foolish, or silly, and youthful, conduct, so that I yearned towards him: or he deceived me, or beguiled me, and captivated my heart]; (O, K, TA;) said of a man: (O, TA:) and تَفَتَّنَنِى [in the O تَفَتَّتَنِى, which I think a mistranscription, though I do not find تَفَتَّنَ elsewhere in the sense here assigned to it,] signifies the same. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَعْجَبَ see 1, in three places.

عَجْبٌ: see عَجَبٌ, in two places: A2: and see also عُجْبٌ.

A3: Also The root, or base, of the tail: (S, O, K:) or the part of the root, or base, of the tail, of any beast, which the haunch encloses, (Msb, TA,) and which is inserted in the hinder part of the rump: (TA:) or the root, or base, and bone, of the tail: (Lh, TA:) also called the عُصْعُص [q. v.]: (Msb, TA:) or it is the head of the عُصْعُص: (TA:) or the upper part of the عُصْعُص: or the external extremity of the spine; and the عُصْعُص is its internal extremity: (Az, L voce قُحْقُحٌ:) it is said in a trad., that every part of a man will become consumed, except the عَجْب, (TA,) or the عَجْب of the tail, (O, TA,) accord. to different relations; (TA;) from which [as a rudiment] he was created, and upon which he will [at the resurrection] be put together: (O:) i. e. the bone at the lower, or lowest, part of the spine, at the rump; which is the عَسِيب of beasts: it is said to be like a grain of mustard-seed: or, as Z says in the “ Fáïk,” it is the bone that is between the buttocks: it is also pronounced ↓ عُجْبٌ; and accord. to MF, ↓ عِجْبٌ, but no one else says this: and, as El-Khafájee says, it is also called عَجْمٌ and عُجْمٌ and عِجْمٌ, in this case with the three vowel-sounds. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) The hinder part (S, O, K, TA) of a tract of sand, (S, O,) or of anything: (K, TA:) and hence, عَجْبُ كَثِيبٍ i. e. the thin hinder portion [of a sand-hill, or of an extended and gibbous sand-hill, or of a collection of sand that has poured down]: (TA:) pl. عُجُوبٌ, (S, O,) and perhaps أَعْجَابٌ also in the former sense [and therefore in this likewise]. (TA.) عُجْبٌ: see عَجَبٌ. b2: Also a subst. from the phrase أُعْجِبَ بِنَفْسِهِ, (S,) or from الإِعْجَابُ; (O;) [i. e. it signifies Self-admiration; or selfconceitedness; or] vanity; and pride: (K:) it is said to be [a result, or an offspring, of stupidity, or folly; or] a redundance of stupidity, or folly, which one has turned to what is thus termed. (TA.) [Er-Rághib makes a distinction between عُجْبٌ and تِيهٌ; as will be seen below, voce مُعْجَبٌ.]

A2: Also, and ↓ عَجْبٌ, and ↓ عِجْبٌ, A man who is pleased to sit with women, (O, K,) and to converse with them, without his doing what induces doubt, or suspicion, or evil opinion: (O:) or with whom women are pleased: (K, TA:) the pl. is perhaps أَعْجَابٌ. (TA.) A3: See also عَجْبٌ.

عِجْبٌ: see عُجْبٌ: A2: and see also عَجْبٌ.

عَجَبٌ [originally an int. n.] (S, O, K) and ↓ عُجْبٌ, (accord. to the K,) or ↓ عَجْبٌ, (accord. to the TA,) Wonder; i. e. a deeming strange, extraordinary, or improbable, what occurs, or presents itself, to one, (K, TA,) on account of being little accustomed to it; (TA;) or [the effect, upon the mind, of] the consideration of a thing with which one is not familiar, and to which one is not accustomed: (IAar, TA:) for a distinction between عَجَبٌ and ↓ عَجْبٌ, see 1, in the middle of the paragraph: the pl. of عَجَبٌ [in this sense] is [said to be] أَعْجَابٌ; (K;) or it has no pl.: (S, O, K:) [this statement correctly applies to عَجَبٌ as an epithet; for as such it is app. used as sing. and pl., being originally an inf. n.:] but El-'Ajjáj has pluralized it, [regarding it in the sense expl. above,] saying, ذَكَرْنَ أَشْجَابًا لِمَنْ تَشَجَّبَا وَهِجْنَ أَعْجَابًا لِمَنْ تَعَجَّبَا [They mentioned griefs to him who grieved, and they excited wonder to him who wondered]. (O.) يَا لَلْعَجَبِ [may be rendered O case of wonder! but properly] means O wonder come, for this is thy time: and يَا لِلْعَجَبِ [may also be rendered O case of wonder! but properly] means O [people, or the like, come] to wonder; the noun signifying the invoked being suppressed. (Har p. 27.) A2: It is also an epithet applied to a thing, an affair, an event, or a case; one says أَمْرٌ عَجَبٌ [A wonderful thing or affair &c.]; and so ↓ عَجِيبٌ [which is more common in this sense], and ↓ عُجَابٌ, and ↓ عُجَّابٌ: or ↓ عَجِيبٌ is syn. with عَجَبٌ; but ↓ عُجَابٌ signifies more than عَجَبٌ: (K:) or ↓ عُجَابٌ is syn. with ↓ عَجِيبٌ, (S, O,) which signifies a thing, (S, O, Msb,) or an affair, or event, or a case, (S, O,) wondered at; (S, O, Msb, TA;) or inducing wonder, or admiration, and pleasure, or joy; or pleasing, or rejoicing; syn. ↓ مُعْجِبٌ; (TA;) and ↓ عُجَّابٌ; signifies more than عَجَبٌ: (S, O, TA:) [it is said that] عَجَبٌ has no pl.; [app. meaning when it is used as an epithet, as observed above;] nor has ↓ عَجِيبٌ; (S, O, K;) or the pl. of this is عَجَائِبُ [respecting which see عَجِيبَةٌ]; (S, O, K;) like as أَفَائِلُ is pl. of أَفِيلٌ; and تَبَائِعُ, of تَبِيعٌ. (S, O.) [Being originally an inf. n., it is used alike as masc. and fem.:] one says قِصَّةٌ عَجَبٌ [meaning A wonderful story: and for the same reason, it may, as an epithet, be also used alike as sing. and pl.: like عَدْلٌ &c.]. (O.) b2: [It is also used as a subst. in a pl. sense, signifying Wonders, as meaning wonderful things; like the pl. عَجَائِبُ, &c.; and it may be similarly used in a sing. sense for شَىْءٌ عَجَبٌ or أَمْرٌ عَجَبٌ: but when used as a subst. in the pl. sense expl. above, it seems to be regarded by some as a coll. gen. n., of which ↓ عَجَبَةٌ is the n. un.; for] one says, مَا فُلَانٌ إِلَّا عَجَبَةٌ مِنَ العَجَبِ [Such a one is none other than a wonder of wonders]. (A, TA.) [Hence, also,] أَبُو العَجَبِ [lit. The father of wonders] is a surname of Fortune. (TA.) and it signifies also The practiser of legerdemain, or sleight-of-hand; syn. الشَّعْوَذِىُّ, (A, TA,) or المُشَعْوِذُ: (Eth-Tha'álibee, TA in شعذ:) and any one who does wonderful things. (A, TA.) And a poet says, يَا عَجَبًا لِلدَّهْرِ ذِى الأَعْجَابِ [for يَا أَعْجَبُ عَجَبًا O, I wonder greatly, lit. with wondering, at fortune that is ever attended with wonders]. (TA.) [See also عَجِيبَةٌ.]

A3: Also The quality, in a she-camel, that is denoted by the epithet عَجْبَآءُ [fem. of أَعْجَبُ, q. v.]; and so ↓ عُجْبَةٌ. (O.) عُجْبَةٌ: see the last preceding sentence.

عَجَبَةٌ: see عَجَبٌ, last quarter.

عُجَابٌ: see عَجَبٌ, in three places, near the middle of the paragraph: b2: and see also عَاجِبٌ.

عَجِيبٌ: see عَجَبٌ, in four places, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: Also Loved, beloved, or an object of love: so in the following verse, cited by Th: وَمَا البُخْلُ يَنْهَانِى وَلَا الجُودُ قَادَنِى

وَلٰكِنَّهَا ضَرْبٌ إِلَىَّ عَجِيبٌ [And neither does niggardliness forbid me nor liberality lead me; but she is a sort of person, to me, an object of love]: by قَادَنِى, the poet means يَقُودُنِى. (L, TA.) عَجِيبَةٌ (K) and ↓ أُعْجُوبَةٌ (S, O, K) A wonderful thing; a thing at which one wonders: (S, O, K: *) [the pl. of the former, accord. to modern usage, is عَجَائِبُ, mentioned above as pl. of عَجَبٌ: and]

أَعَاجِيبُ seems to be pl. of أُعْجُوبَةٌ, like as أَحَادِيثُ is pl. of أُحْدُوثَةُ: (S, O:) and ↓ تَعَاجِيبُ signifies wonderful things; syn. عَجَائِبُ; (S, O, K;) and is a word [of a rare form, (see تَبَاشِيرُ,)] having no proper sing., (S, O,) like تَعَاشِيبُ; (O;) erroneously thought by the author of the “ Námoos ”

[on the Kámoos] to be most probably a mistake for أَعَاجِيبُ: (TA:) a poet says, وَمَنْ تَعَاجِيبِ خَلْقِ اللّٰهِ غَاطِيَةٌ يُعْصَرُ مِنْهَا مُلَاحِىٌّ وَغِرْبِيبُ [And of the wonderful things of God's creation is a grape-vine covering the ground (so غَاطِيَةٌ is expl. by IB), whereof grapes of the kinds called ملاحىّ and غربيب are pressed for making wine]. (S, O.) عُجَّابٌ: see عَجَبٌ, near the middle of the paragraph, in two places.

عَجَبٌ عَاجِبٌ [meaning Very wonderful or admirable or pleasing] (S, O, K) is like لَيْلٌ لَائِلٌ, the latter word being a corroborative of the former; (S, O;) and one says also [in like manner] ↓ عَجَبٌ عُجَابٌ. (K.) أَعْجَبُ [More, and most, wonderful or admirable or pleasing]. b2: [And the fem.] عَجْبَآءُ signifies A female wondered at for her beauty: and also, for her ugliness. (O, K.) A2: Also, i. e. the former, A thick, or big, or coarse, camel. (O, K. *) and so the fem. applied to a she-camel: (O, K:) or, so applied, thick in the عَجْب [or root, &c.,] of the tail: (TA:) or whereof the hinder part, (O, K,) or the upper portion of that part, (L, TA,) is narrow, and whereof the جَاعِرَتَانِ [q. v.] are prominent: (O, L, K, TA:) the kind of make thus particularized is ugly. (TA.) أُعْجُوبَةٌ: see عَجِيبَةٌ.

رَجُلٌ تِعْجَابَةٌ A man of (lit. having, possessing, or endowed with,) wonders, or wonderful things. (O, K, TA.) تَعَاجِيبُ, a pl. without a sing.: see عَجِيبَةٌ.

مُعْجَبٌ بِنَفْسِهِ, and بِرَأْيِهِ, [Admiring himself, (lit. excited to admiration by himself,) or pleased with himself, and his opinion, or judgment; selfconceited, and conceited of his opinion or judgment,] (S, O, TA,) [or] vain, or proud, [thereof; for]

مُعْجَبٌ signifies a man vain, or proud, of what proceeds from him, whether good or bad, and of himself, or of a thing [belonging to him, such as his dress or wealth &c.]: but Er-Rághib makes a distinction between مُعْجَبٌ and تَائِهٌ; saying that the معجب believes himself with respect to the opinion or judgment that he forms of himself indecisively from evidence outweighed in probability; [so that it rather denotes conceit than vanity;] whereas the تائه believes himself decisively. (MF, TA.) مُعْجِبٌ [Inducing wonder, or admiration, &c.]: see عَجَبٌ, in the middle of the paragraph: [or] a thing that is very good or goodly or beautiful. (TA.)

فص

ى1 فَصَىَ الشَّىْءَ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ, (M, K,) or عَنِ الشَّىْءِ, (Msb, and so in the TA,) improperly written in the copies of the K فصا, (TA,) aor. ـْ (Msb, K,) inf. n. فَصْىٌ, (M, Msb,) He separated the thing from the thing; (M, K;) or removed it therefrom: (Msb:) whence فصى اللحم عن الــعظم [evidently meaning فَصَى الَّحْمَ عَنِ الــعَظْمِ i. e. He separated, or removed, the flesh from the bone]: (TA:) [but in both of my copies of the S, I find فَصَىَ الَّحْمُ عَنِ الــعَظْمِ, as though فَصَى

were used as syn. with تفصّى and انفصى, meaning The flesh became freed, or cleared, from the bone: perhaps a mistake of copyists; though it is immediately added,] and مِنْهُ ↓ فَصَّيْتُهُ, inf. n. تَفْصِيةٌ, i. e. I freed it, or cleared it, from it; (S, K;) or, accord, to Fr, this signifies I separated it from it, i. e., anything from another thing. (Har p. 640.) 2 فَصَّىَ see the preceding paragraph.3 فاصاهُ, inf. n. مُفَا صَاةٌ, as is related on the authority of Er. Rázee, but accord, to analogy, not on the ground of received usage, means He separated himself from him; left, forsook, or abandoned, him: or forsook, or abandoned, him, being forsaken, or abandoned, by him, syn. فَارَقَهُ. (Har p. 640.) 4 أَفْصَىَ see 5. b2: افصى عنْكَ الحَرُّ means The heat departed, or has departed, from thee: but you do not say افصى عنك البَرْدُ: (ISk, S, M: but in the M, عنك is omitted in both phrases:) or you say, افصى عنَّا الشِّتَآءُ, and الحَرُّ, the winter, and the heat, departed from as; or left, or quitted, us; (K, TA;) so says Az, on the authority of IAar: (TA:) or, accord, to IAar, افصى عَنْكَ الشِّتَآءُ [the winter departed, or has departed, from thee]; and سقَطَ عَنْكَ الحرُّ. (M, TA.) And افصى المَطَرُ The rain cleared away. (S, M, K.) b3: افصى said of a sportsman, He had no game caught in his snare. (K.) 5 تفصّى, said of flesh, or flesh-meat, It became separated, or detached, عَنِ الــعَظْمِ [from the bone]; as also ↓ انفصى; (M;) which is said of anything that was sticking. (Lth, TA.) He became freed, free, or released, [and in like manner said of a thing of any kind,] مِنْهُ [from him, or it]; S, M, Msb, K;) i. e., from another man, (S,) from his adversary, or antagonist; (Msb;) from a thing; (M;) from debts; (S, Msb; *) from straitness, or difficulty, (S, Msb, TA,) or from trial, or affliction; (S, TA;) or from good, or evil; as also ↓ افصى (K.) And He, or it, went forth, or departed, مِنَ الشَّىْءِ [from the thing]; as also ↓ انفصى, and ↓ استفصى. (Msb.) أَشَدُّ تَفَصِّيًا meansأَشَدُّتَفَلُّتًا: (Msb, TA:) thus in the trad. respecting the Kur-án, لَهُوَ إَشَدُّ تَفَصِّيًا مِنْ قُلُوبِ الرِّجَالِ مِنَ النَّعَمِ [Verily it is more apt to escape from the breasts of men than are pasturing camels, or cattle, from their pastor]. (TA. [In my original, the last word in this saying is without any vowel-sign; but it is not doubtful, as the trad. is well known.]) 7 إِنْفَصَىَ see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.10 إِسْتَفْصَىَ see 5, last sentence but one.

فَصًى, (M, K, * TA,) incorrectly written in the copies of the K with ا (TA,) The stones (حَبّ) of raisins: (M, K:) also mentioned in the K [and M] as with ض: (TA:) n. un. (??): (M, K:) of the dial. of El-Hijáz: and they also call the stones of dates فصية [app. (??), pl. of فَصى, like as فِتْيَةٌ is pl. of فَتًى]. (TA.) فَصْيَةٌ the subst, from تَفَصَّى as syn. with تَخلَّصَ; (S, M, Msb, K;) [thus signifying Freedom. or release, from a thing or state;] primarily denoting one's being in a thing and then coming, or going, forth, or departing, from it; (S;) as also ↓ فصيّةٌ. (K.) Hence the saying, قَضَى اللّٰهُ لِى بِالفَصْيَةِ مِنْ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ [God decreed for me, or may God decree for me, freedom, or release, from this affair, or case]. (A, TA.) b2: فَصْيةُ مَا بَيْنَ الحَرِّ وَالبَرْدِ means An intermission (سَكْتَةٌ, lit, a quiescence,) between heat and cold: and one says لَيْلَةٌ فَصْيَةٌ and يَوْمٌ فَصْيَةٌ [A night that is, or that was, one of intermission, and a day &c.], and لَيْلَةُ فَصْيَةٍ and يَوْمُ فَصْيَةٍ [meaning the same], (M, K.) فَصِيَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

حق
الحَقُّ: نَقِيْضُ الباطِلِ، والحَقَّةُ: مِثْلُه، هذه حَقَّتي: أي حَقَّي. وحَقَّ الشَّيْءُ: وَجَبَ، يَحْقُّ ويَحِقُّ، وهو حَقِيْقٌ ومَحْقُوقٌ. وبَلَغَتُ حَقِيْقَةَ الأمْرِ: أي يَقِيْنَ شَأْنِه. والحَقِيْقَةُ: الرّايَةُ. والحُرْمَةُ أيضاً، من قَوْلهم: حامِي الحَقِيقَةِ.
وأَحَقَّ الرَّجُلُ: قال حَقّاً؛ أو ادَّعى حَقّاً فَوَجَبَ له، من قَوْلِه عزَّ وجلَّ: " لِيُحِقَّ الحَقَّ ".
والحاقَّةُ: النَّازِلَةُ التي حَقَّتْ فلا كاذِبَةَ لها. والحِقَاقُ: المُحَاقَّةُ. وحاقَقْتُ الرَّجُلَ: ادَّعَيْتَ أنَّكَ أوْلى بالحقِّ منه. وحَقَقْتُه: غَلَبْتُه على الحَقِّ، وأحْقَقْتُه: مِثْلُه. وقَوْلُ لَبِيْدٍ:
حتَّى تَهَجَّرَ في الرَّواحِ وهاجَها ... طَلَبَ المُعَقَّبِ حَقَّهُ المَظْلُومُ.
مَعْنَاه: حَجَّه وغَلَبَه، من قَوْلهم: حاقَّه فحقَّه. وفي حَديثِ عليٍّ - رضي الله عنه -: " إذا بَلَغَ النِّسَاءُ نَصَّ الحِقاقِ فالعَصَبَةُ أوْلَى بها " يعني: الإدراكَ، وهو أنْ تقولَ: أنا أَحَقُّ، ويقولُونَ: نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ. وَحَقَقْتُ ظَنَّه: مخَفَّفٌ بمعنى التشديد. ويقولونَ: لَحَقُّ لا آتِيْكَ، رَفْعٌ بلا تَنْوينٍ. وإنَّه لَحَقُّ عالِمٍ وحَاقُّ عالِمٍ، لا يُثَنّى ولا يُجْمَعُ. والرَّجُلُ إذا خَصَمَ في صغارِ الأشْياءِ قِيْلَ: هو نَزْرُ الحِقَاقِ. وفي الحَديث: متى تَغْلُوا تَحْتَقُّوا يقولُ كُلُّ واحِدٍ منهم: الحَقُّ في يَدي. وما كانَ يُحَقُّكَ أنْ تَفْعَلَ كذا: أي ما يَحٍقُّ لك. وحَقَقْتُ العُقْدَةَ فانْحَقَّتْ: أي شَدَدْتَها فانْشَدَّتْ. وحَقَقتُ الأمْرَ وأحْقَقْتُه: إذا كُنْتَ منه على يَقينٍ. وحَقَّ اللهُ الأمْرَ. وحَقَّ الأمرَ نَفْسُه. وحُقَقْتُ الرَّجُلَ وأحْقَقْتُه: فَعَلْتَ به ما كانَ يَحْذَرُه. وأحْقَقْتُ الرَّمِيَّةَ: قَتَلْتَها على المَكان. وأحَقَّ القَوْمُ من الربيع: سَمِنُوا. وأحَقَّتِ النَّاقَةُ واسْتَحَقَّتْ: مِثْلُه. والمَحَاقُّ من المال: اللاّتي لم يُنْتَجْنَ في العام الماضي ولم يُحْلَبْنَ. والحِقُّ: الجَذَعُ من الإِبِلِ بِسَنَةٍ يَسْتَحِقُّ الرُّكُوْبَ، والأُنثى حِقَّةٌ لأنَّها تَسْتَحِقُّ الفَحْلَ. وأَحَقَّتِ البَكْرَةُ من الإبلِ إحْقاقاً: صارَتْ حِقَّةً. وبَلَغَتِ النَّاقَةُ حِقَّتَها. وما حَقَّتِ السَّحَابَةُ القُلَّةَ حَتَّى الآنَ: أي ما بَلَغَتْ. واستَحَقَّ الرَّجُلُ مكانَ كذا: أعْجَبَه. والحُقَّةُ من خَشَبٍ: مَعْروفَةٌ. والحَقْحَقَةُ: سَيْرُ الليلِ في أوَّلِهِ. والأحَقُّ من الخَيْلِ: الذي لا يَعْرَقُ. وإذا طَبَّقَ حافِرُ رِجْلَيْه مَوْضِعَ حافِرِ يَدَيْه: فهو أَحَقُّ أيضاً، والاسْمُ الحَقَقُ، وهو عَيْبٌ. ويُقال لِمُلْتَقَى كُلِّ عَظْمَــيْنِ من الفَرَس: حُقٌّ، إلاَّ الظَّهْر. ويُقال لِضَبْبٍ من التَّمْرِ: بَنَاتُ الحُقَيْقِ. وقَرَبٌ حَقْحَاقٌ: زادَ على مَرْحَلَةٍ. وكانَ هذا عند حَق لقاحِها: أي عند وُجُوبِه.

حق

1 حَقَّ, aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and حَقُّ, (IDrd, Msb, K,) [the latter irregular,] inf. n. حَقَّةٌ (K, TA) and حَقٌّ (IDrd, TA) and حُقُوقٌ, (TA,) i. q. صَارَ حَقًّا [i. e., accord. to the primary meaning of حَقٌّ, as explained below, on the authority of Er-Rághib, It was, or became, suitable to the requirements of wisdom, justice, right or rightness, truth, or reality or fact; or to the exigencies of the case]: (TA:) it was, or became, just, proper, right, correct, or true; authentic, genuine, sound, valid, substantial, or real; established, or confirmed, as a truth or fact: and necessitated, necessary, requisite, or unavoidable; binding, obligatory, incumbent, or due: syn. وَجَبَ; (T, S, Msb, K, &c.;) and ثَبَتَ: (Msb, TA:) it was, or became, a manifest and an indubitable fact or event; as explained by IDrd in the JM; (TA;) it happened, betided, or befell, surely, without doubt or uncertainty. (K.) It is said in the Kur xxxvi. 6, لَقَدْ حَقَّ القَوْلُ عَلَى أَكْثَرِهِمْ, i. e. The saying, “ I will assuredly fill Hell with genii and men together,” [Kur xi. 120 and xxxii. 13,] (Bd,) or the sentence of punishment, (Jel,) hath become necessitated [as suitable to the requirements of justice, or as being just or right,] to take effect upon the greater number of them; syn. وَجَبَ, (Jel, TA,) and ثَبَتَ. (TA.) And this, namely, ثَبَتَ, is the meaning of the verb in the phrase, حَقَّ عَلَيْكَ القَضَآءُ [The sentence was, or, emphatically, is, necessitated as suitable to the requirements of justice to take effect upon thee; or it was, or is, necessary, just, or right, that the sentence should take effect upon thee]. (TA.) [In like manner,] one says, يَحِقُّ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا It is necessary for thee [as suitable to the requirements of wisdom or justice or the like], or incumbent on thee, or just or proper or right for thee, that thou shouldst do such a thing. (TA.) [Thus one says,] الحَقِيقَةُ مَا يَحِقُّ عَلَيْكَ

أَنْ تَحْمِيَهُ [The حقيقة is that which it is necessary for thee &c., or that which it behooveth thee, that thou shouldst defend it, or protect it]. (S, * K.) Accord. to Sh, the Arabs said, حَقَّ عَلَىَّ أَنْ

أَفْعَلَ ذٰلِكَ and حُقَّ: but accord. to Fr, when you say حَقَّ, you say عَلَيْكَ; and when you say حُقَّ, you say لَكَ. (TA.) [Accordingly] one says, حُقَّ لَكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ ذَا and حُقِقْتَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَهُ: both mean the same: (Ks, S, K:) [i. e., each has one, or the other, or both, of the meanings next following:] or the former means It was, or, emphatically, is, rendered حّقّ [or suitable to the requirements of wisdom or justice &c.] for thee, or necessary for thee, or incumbent on thee, or just or proper or right for thee, [or it behooved or behooves thee,] that thou shouldst do, or to do, this, or that: and [the latter, or] حُقِقْتَ بِأَنْ تَفْعَلَ, Thou wast, or, emphatically, art, rendered حَقِيق [or adapted, disposed, apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, proper, competent, or worthy,] that thou shouldst do, or to do, this, or that]: (A, TA:) and in like manner, حُقَّتْ signifies in the Kur lxxxiv. 2 and 5: (Bd, Jel: *) or حُقِقْتَ بِأَنْ تَفْعَلَ may mean thou wast, or art, known by the testimony of thy circumstances to be حَقِيق

&c. (A, TA.) And مَا كَانَ يَحُقُّكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَهُ [virtually] means the same as مَا حُقَّ لَكَ [best rendered in this case It did not behoove thee to do it]. (TA.) One says also, حَقَّ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ [It was, or, emphatically, is, necessary &c. that thou shouldst do or to do such a thing]: but they did not say, حَقَقْتَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ. (Fr, TA.) b2: But حَقَّ عَلَىَّ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا means Thy doing so distressed, or hath distressed, or afflicted, me; or, emphatically, distresses, or afflicts, me; like عَزَّ عَلَىَّ. (S and K and TA in art. عز.) And in like manner, حَقَّ أَنَّكَ ذَاهِبٌ [or حَقَّ مَا أَنَّكَ ذَاهِبٌ] means عَزَّ مَا أَنَّكَ ذَاهِبٌ [It is distressing to me that thou art going away]. (TA in art. عز.) And لَحَقَّ مَا is used in the same manner as لَعَزَّ مَا, q. v. (A and TA in art. عز.) You say also, حَقَّتِ الحَاجَةُ Want befell, or betided, or happened, and was severe, or distressing: (Msb, TA:) [which is said to be] from the phrase, حَقَّتِ القِيَامَةُ, aor. ـُ The resurrection included, or shall include, within its sphere [all] the created beings. (Msb.) A2: حَقَّتْ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. حِقَّةٌ (S, * Msb, K,) and حِقٌّ, (K,) or, accord. to ISd, it should rather be حَقَاقَةٌ and حُقُوقَةٌ, because حِقَّةٌ is used as an epithet, [as will be seen below,] and the inf. n. in a case like this, by rule, should differ from the epithet, (TA,) She (a camel) became a حِقّ, or حِقَّة; i. e., entered the fourth year: (K:) and ↓ أَحَقَّ, inf. n. إِحْقَاقٌ, he (a camel) became a حِقّ: because, so they say, he is then fit to be laden: (Msb:) and ↓ احقّت she (a young camel) completed three years; (Aboo-Málik, K;) became a حِقَّة; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) like حَقَّتْ. (TA.) You say, هُوَ حَقٌّ بَيِّنُ الحِقَّةِ [He is a حقّ, bearing evidence of being such]: (S:) and هِىَ حِقٌّ (K) and حِقَّةٌ (Msb, K) بَيِّنَةُ الحِقَّةِ [she is a حقّ or حقّة, bearing evidence &c.]: (Msb:) [a phrase] to which a parallel is scarcely known, (Msb,) or to which there is no parallel (K) except أَسَدٌ بَيِّنُ الأَسَدِ [a lion bearing evidence of being like a lion in boldness]. (TA.) b2: حِقٌّ [as inf. n. of حَقَّتْ] also signifies A she-camel's overpassing the days [corresponding to those] in which she was covered [in the preceding year]: (K:) or her completing [the time of] her pregnancy; as also ↓ اِسْتِحْقَاقٌ. (TA.) b3: And حَقَّتْ and ↓ احقّت and ↓ استحقّت She (a camel) became fat. (TA. [See also 8, last signification.]) A3: حَقَّهُ, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. حَقٌّ, (TA,) He, or it, rendered it [suitable to the requirements of wisdom, justice, rightness, truth, or reality or fact; or to the exigencies of the case; (see the first of the significations in this art.;) or] necessary, requisite, or unavoidable; binding, obligatory, incumbent, or due; or just, proper, or right; syn. أَوْجَبَهُ; (K;) [whence حُقَّ لَكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ ذَا, explained above;] as also ↓ حقّقهُ (K) and ↓ احقّهُ; (S, K;) which last some explain by صَيَّرَهُ حَقًّا [meaning as above; or he rendered it true;] or صيّره حقًّا لَا شَكَّ فِيهِ [he rendered it true, so that there was no doubt respecting it]; as also حَقَّهُ, inf. n. حَقٌّ: and حَقَّهُ signifies also he established it so that it became true and undoubted in his estimation: (TA:) or حَقَّهُ signifies, (S, Msb,) or signifies also, (K,) he assured, or certified, himself of it; he ascertained it; he was, or became, sure, or certain, of it; (A 'Obeyd, S, Msb, * K; *) and so ↓ تحقّقه (A 'Obeyd, S, K) and ↓ احقّهُ: (S, Msb: *) or he pronounced it, or held or believed it, to be established as a necessary truth or fact; as also ↓ احقّهُ: and ↓ حقّقهُ has a similar, but intensive, signification: (Msb:) or ↓ احقّهُ signifies he established it as true; or he judged, or decided, it to be so: (TA: [contr. of أَبْطَلَهُ: see an ex., from the Kur viii., voce أَبْطَلَ:]) and ↓ حقّقهُ, inf. n. تَحْقِيقٌ, signifies صَدَّقَهُ [as meaning he verified it, or proved it to be true or veritable; or he found it to be true or veritable; both of which significations are of very frequent occurrence]; (S, K;) as also حَقَّهُ, inf. n. حَقٌّ: and accord. to IDrd, ↓ حقّقهُ signifies [also] صَدَّقَ قَائِلَهُ [he proved, or found, or pronounced, the sayer of it to be ture]: and حقّق is also said to signify he said, “This thing is the truth; ” like صَدَّقَ. (TA.) You say, حَقَقْتُ عَلَيْهِ القَضَآءَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. حَقٌّ, I necessitated the sentence [as suitable to the requirements of justice] to take effect upon him; or necessitated [as suitable &c.] the taking effect of the sentence upon him; syn. أَوْجَبْتُهُ; as also ↓ أَحْقَقْتُهُ, inf. n. إِحْقَاقٌ. (TA.) And ↓ أُحِقَّ عَلَيْكَ القَضَآءُ The sentence was, or, emphatically, is, necessitated [as suitable to the requirements of justice] to take effect upon thee; syn. أُثْبِتَ. (TA.) And حَقَقْتُ حَذَرَهُ, (S, K,) or حِذْرَهُ, (so in one copy of the S,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S,) [I rendered his caution, or fear, necessary; or justified it; meaning] I did that of which he was cautious, or that which he feared; (S, K;) as also حذره ↓ أَحْقَقْتُ: (S:) or, accord. to Az, the latter only is right. (TA.) And حَقَقْتُ ظَنَّهُ; (Ks, TA;) and ↓ حَقَّقْتُهُ, (Ks, S, TA,) inf. n. تَحْقِيقٌ: (S:) both signify the same; (Ks, TA;) i. e. صَدَّقْتُ; (S;) which means I found his opinion to be true; (Ksh and Bd and Jel, in xxxiv. 19;) or proved it to be true: (Ksh, ibid.:) and so قَوْلَهُ his saying: (S:) and تَحْقِيقٌ signifies [also] the strengthening, or confirming, a saying; or making it strong, or firm. (KL.) And أَنَا

أَحَقُّ لَكُمْ هٰذَا الخَبَرَ I will know, or ascertain, the truth, or real nature, of this piece of news or information, for you. (TA.) And أَظُنُّهُ وَ لَا

أَحُقُّهُ [I think it, but I do not know the truth of it, or am not certain of it]. (T in art. إِيَّا; &c.) And حَقَقْتُ العُقْدَةَ, [written in the TA without any syll. signs, so that it may be either thus or ↓ حَقَّقْتُهُ; but it is most probably the former, as the quasi-pass. is not تحقّقت, but انحقّت: it signifies lit. I made the knot right, or sure; meaning] (tropical:) I tied, or made fast, or tightened, the knot; (Ibn-'Abbád, TA;) or I tied, or tightened, firmly the knot. (A, TA.) b2: [He, or it, rendered him حَقِيق, i. e. adapted, disposed, apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, proper, or worthy, to do a thing &c.; whence حُقِقْتَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَهُ, or بِأَنْ تَفْعَلَ, explained above. b3: It was necessary for him, or incumbent on him, or just or proper or right for him, or it behooved him, to do a thing &c.; whence مَا كَانَ يَحُقُّكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَهُ, explained above.] b4: Also, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. حَقٌّ, (TA,) He overcame him in disputing, or contending, for a right, or due; (S, K, * TA;) and so ↓ احقّهُ, (K,) inf. n. إِحْقَاقٌ, mentioned by Az on the authority of Ks, but, he adds, disallowed by A 'Obeyd. (TA.) See 3. b5: Also He (a man) came to him, namely, another man; (A 'Obeyd, S, K;) and so ↓ احقّهُ. (A 'Obeyd, S.) [Hence, app.,] حَقَّتْنِى الشَّمْسُ The sun reached me. (TA.) And لَا يحقُّ مَا فِى هٰذَا الوِعَآءِ رِطْلًا [app. يَحُقُّ] What is in this receptacle [does not reach, or amount, to a pound; i. e.,] does not weigh a pound. (TA.) A4: حَقَّ الطَّرِيقَ, (K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. حَقٌّ, (TK,) He went upon the حَاقّ of the road; (K;) i. e. the middle of it: the doing of which is forbidden, in a trad., to women. (TA.) And حَقَّ فُلَانًا, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He beat, or struck, such a one in, or upon, the حاقّ of his head; (K;) i. e. the middle of it: (TA:) or in, or upon, the حُقّ of his كَتِف; i. e. the small hollow upon the head of his shoulder-blade: (K:) or, as some say, the head of the upper arm, in which is the وَابِلَة. (TA.) 2 حقّقهُ, inf. n. تَحْقِيقٌ: see حَقَّهُ, above, in six places. [Hence تَحْقِيقُ الهَمْزَةِ The uttering of the hemzeh with its ture, or proper, sound; opposed to تَخْفِيفُهَا. Hence also] صَبَغْتُ الثَّوْبَ صَبْغًا تَحْقِيقًا I dyed the garment, or piece of cloth, with a saturating dyeing. (TA.) And تَحْقِيقٌ signifies also The weaving a garment, or piece of cloth, strongly, or firmly. (KL.) A2: حقّق فِى أَمْرِهِ He was serious, or in earnest, in his affair; contr. of هَزَلَ. (L in art. جد.) 3 حاقّهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. حِقَاقٌ and مُحَاقَّةٌ, (TA,) He disputed, litigated, or contended, with him, (S, K,) each of them laying claim to a right, or due: (S, TA:) the verb is mostly used in the third person. (TA.) You say, حَاقَّنِى وَ لَمْ يُحَاقَّنِى

فِيهِ أَحَدٌ [He disputed, &c., with me, and no one had disputed, &c., with me respecting it]. (TA.) [But] you say also, ↓ حَاقَقْتُهُ فَحَقَقْتُهُ I disputed, litigated, or contended, with him for a right, or due, and I overcame him in doing so. (TA.) And إِنَّهُ لَنَزِقُ الحِقَاقِ (tropical:) Verily he is one who disputes, or litigates, or contends, respecting small things. (S, K, TA.) And مَا لَهُ فِيهِ حَقٌّ وَ لَا حِقَاقٌ, i. e. [He has no right, or due, to exact, in respect of him, or it, nor any cause of] disputing, or litigating, or contending. (S.) And it is said respecting women, (K,) in a trad. of 'Alee, (TA,) إِذَا بَلَغْنَ نَصَّ الحِقَاقِ فَالعَصَبَةُ أَوْلَى, or الحَقَائِقِ: (K:) accord. to some, الحقاق here means the same as المُحَاقَّة: accord. to others, it properly signifies the camels thus called: and so الحقائق; this [likewise] being a pl. of ↓ حِقَّةٌ; or it is pl. of ↓ حَقِيقَةٌ. (TA. [See art. نص; in which this trad. is more fully, but somewhat differently, cited; and fully explained.]) A2: [Also, app., He acted seriously, or in earnest, with him in an affair: see 3 in art. جد: and see also 2 above, last signification.]4 احقّ, [inf. n. إِحْقَاقٌ,] He spoke truth; said what was true: [very common in this sense; contr. of أَبْطَلَ:] or he revealed, or manifested, or showed, a truth, or a right or due: or he laid claim to a right, (or to a thing, TA) and it was, or became, due to him. (Msb.) A2: See also حَقَّ, as an intrans. verb, in three places; relating to camels. b2: احقّ القَوْمُ The people's cattle became fat. (TA.) And احقّ القَوْمُ مِنَ الرَّبِيعِ The people's cattle became fat by means of the [herbage called] ربيع. (AHn, * ISd, TA.) A3: As a trans. verb: see حَقَّهُ, in nine places. You say also, أَحْقَقْتُ الأَمْرَ, inf. n. as above, (tropical:) I did, performed, or executed, the affair in a firm, solid, sound, or good, manner; or put it into a firm, solid, sound, or good, state. (TA.) b2: رَمَى فَأَحَقَّ الرَّمِيَّةَ (tropical:) He cast, or shot, and killed on the spot the animal at which he cast, or shot. (Ibn-'Abbád, Z, K, * TA.) b3: أَحَقَّتْ إِبِلُنَا رَبِيعًا and ↓ استحقّت ربيعا (assumed tropical:) Our camels found [herbage such as is termed] ربيع full-grown, and pastured upon it. (TA.) 5 تحقّق [It was, or became, or proved to be, a truth, a reality, or a fact.] [Hence,] تحقّق عِنْدَهُ الخَبَرُ The information was, or proved, true, right, correct, or valid, in his estimation. (S, K. *) A2: تحقّقهُ: see حَقَّهُ.6 تَحَاقٌّ is syn. with تَخَاصُمٌ; and ↓ اِحْتِقَاقٌ, with اِخْتِصَامٌ; [The disputing, litigating, or contending, together;] (S, K;) [for] تَخَاصَمُوا and اِخْتَصَمُوا signify the same; (K in art. خصم;) [or rather] the meaning of [تحاقّ and] ↓ احتقاق is [the disputing, &c., together for a right, or due;] each one's, or every one's, saying, “The right is mine,” and “ with me; ” or demanding his right, or due. (TA.) One says, تَحَاقٌّوا [They disputed, &c., together for a right, or due]. (TK.) And ↓ اِحْتَقَّا They two disputed, &c., (K, TA,) each of them demanding his right, or due. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ وَ فُلَانٌ ↓ احتقّ [Such a one and such a one disputed, &c., together for a right, or due]. (S.) One does not say of a single person [تحاقّ nor] ↓ احتقّ; like as one does not say of one only [تخاصم nor] اختصم. (S.) 7 اِنْحَقَّتِ العُقْدَةُ (tropical:) The knot became tied, or made fast, or tightened. (Ibn-' Abbád, K, TA.) 8 إِحْتَقَ3َ see 6, throughout.

A2: اِحْتَقَّتْ بِهِ الطَّعْنَةُ (assumed tropical:) The thrust, or piercing, killed him: (AA, K:) or (tropical:) went right, or directly, into him: (As, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) penetrated into his belly, or inside: (L, TA:) or hit, or struck, the socket, or turning-place, of his hip, which is termed its حُقّ. (K, * TA.) One says, رَمَى فُلَانٌ الصَّيْدَ فَاحْتَقَّ بَعْضًا وَ شَرَّمَ بَعْضًا (assumed tropical:) Such a one shot, or cast, at the objects of the chase, and killed some, and wounded some so that they escaped: (S:) or pierced into the bellies, or insides, of some, and wounded the skin of some without so piercing. (L.) A3: احتقّهُ إِلَى كَذَا He kept him, or held him, back, or retarded him, [until such a time, or such an event,] and straitened him. (TA.) A4: احتقّ الفَرَسُ The horse became lean, or light of flesh; or slender, and lean; or lean, and lank in the belly. (S, K, TA.) b2: and احتقّ المَالُ The cattle became fat: (K: [see also the last meaning of 1 as an intrans. verb:]) but in the A and O and L, احتقّ القَوْمُ the people's cattle became fat, and their fatness ended, or attained the extreme point. (TA.) 10 استحقّهُ He demanded it as his right, or due. (TA.) [And hence,] He had a right, or just title or claim, to it; he was, or became, entitled to it; he deserved it, or merited it; syn. اِسْتَوْجَبَهُ: (S, Msb, K:) or these two verbs are nearly the same; (TA;) [the former meaning he was, or became, adapted, disposed, apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, competent, or proper, for it; which is the most proper meaning of the phrase صَارَ حَقِيقًا بِهِ, as well as of the verb استحقّ; but this verb has also the former of these two meanings.] When a man purchases a house, and another lays claim to it, and establishes a just evidence of his claim, and the judge decides for him according to his evidence, one says of him, قَدِ اسْتَحَقَّهَا عَلَى المُشْتَرِى [He has a right to it in preference to the purchaser]; meaning that he is to possess it in preference to the purchaser. (TA.) And of a camel such as is termed حِقّ one says, استحقّ أَنْ يُرْكَبَ [He was, or has become, fit to be ridden], (K,) and أَنْ يُحْمَلَ عَلَيْهِ [to be laden]: (S, Msb:) and استحقّ الضِّرَابَ [He was, or has become, fit for covering]. (L, K.) b2: [Hence, It (an action, and anything,) deserved it, merited it, or required it.] And استحقّ إِثْمًا He did what necessitated sin; (Ksh and Bd and Jel in v. 106;) [was guilty of a sin;] and deserved its being said of him that he was a sinner; (Ksh ibid.;) i. q. اِسْتَوْجَبَهُ. (TA.) And استحقّوا They committed sins for which he who should punish them would be excusable, because they deserved punishment; like أَوْجَبُوا, and أَعْذَرُوا, and اِسْتَلَاطُوا. (IAar, TA in art. لوط.) b3: استحقّت

إِبِلُنَا رَبِيعًا: see 4, last sentence. b4: استحقّت النَّاقَةُ لَقَاحًا The she-camel conceived, or became pregnant; and استحقّ لَقَاحُهَا [signifies the same]. (TA.) b5: See also 1, as an intrans. verb, last two sentences. R. Q. 1 حَقْحَقَ, inf. n. حَقْحَقَةٌ, He went the pace, or in the manner, termed حَقْحَقَةٌ; (TA;) which means a pace, or manner of going, in which the beast is made to exert himself to the very utmost, and which is the most fatiguing to the ظَهْر [meaning the camel that is ridden, or the beast that carries one]: (S, Mgh, K:) or a journeying in the beginning, or first part, of the night; (Lth, S, K;) which is forbidden: (Lth, S, TA:) or, as some say, the fatiguing a while, and abstaining a while: (Lth, TA:) but Az says that Lth is not correct in either of his explanations of this word: (TA:) or an obstinate persisting in journeying: or an obstinate persisting in journeying until the camel that one is riding perishes or breaks down: (K:) or, accord. to Az, the correct meaning, confirmed by what the Arabs said, is the making the camel to go on, and urging him to that which fatigues him, and that which is beyond his power, until he breaks down with his rider: or, accord. to IAar, the jading of the weak [beast] by hard journeying. (TA.) It is related in a trad., that Mutarrif Ibn-Esh-Shikhkheer said to his son, when he took extraordinary pains in religious exercises, (S, TA,) and was immoderate therein, (TA,) خَيْرُ الأُمُورِ أَوْسَاطُهَا وَ الحَسَنَةُ بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ وَ شَرُّ السَّيْرِ [The best of affairs, or actions, or cases, are such of them as are between two extremes; and the good action is between the two things; and the worst kind of journeying is that in which the beast is made to exert himself to the very utmost, &c.]: (S, TA:) meaning, pursue thou the middle course in religious exercises, and burden not thyself, lest thou become disgusted; for the best of works is that which is continued, though it be small. (TA.) حَقٌّ contr. of بَاطِلٌ [used as a subst. and as an epithet or act. part. n.]: (S, Msb, K:) or, as an inf. n. [and used as a simple subst.], contr. of بُطْلَانٌ; and as an act. part. n., and a simple epithet, contr. of بَاطِلٌ. (Kull.) [As a subst.,] its primary signification is Suitableness to the requirements of wisdom, justice, right, or rightness, truth, reality, or fact; or to the exigencies of the case; as the suitableness of the foot of a door in respect of its socket, for turning round rightly: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [and particularly] the suitableness of a judgment, and of what involves, or implies, a judgment, [i. e., of a saying, and a religion, and a persuasion, or the like, (as will be shown by one of the explanations of its meanings as an epithet,)] to reality or fact; and the suitableness of reality or fact to a judgment: (Kull:) [the state, or quality, or property, of being just, proper, right, correct, or true; justness, propriety, rightness, correctness, or truth; reality, or fact; the state, &c., of being established, or confirmed, as a truth or fact; of being necessary, requisite, or unavoidable; of being binding, obligatory, incumbent, or due: (as shown above: see 1, first sentence:)] and existence in relation to substances, absolutely: and everlasting existence [in relation to God]: (Kull:) pl. حُقُوقٌ and حِقَاقٌ: it has no pl. of pauc. (TA.) As an act. part. n. and a simple epithet, it is applied to a judgment [as meaning] suitable to reality or fact; and to a saying, and a religion, and a persuasion, considered as involving, or implying, such a judgment: (Kull:) to that which is suitable to the requirements of wisdom, justice, right, or rightness; as when one says that every act of God is حَقّ: to a belief, in a thing, suitable to the reality of the case; as when one says that belief in the resurrection is حَقّ: and to an action, and a saying, accordant to what is requisite or obligatory, in quality and measure and time; as when one says that the action of another is حَقّ, and that his saying is حَقّ: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [thus it signifies just, proper, right, correct, or true; authentic, genuine, sound, valid, substantial, or real; established, or confirmed, as a truth or fact: and necessary, requisite, or unavoidable: and binding, obligatory, incumbent, or due:] also the necessarily-existing by his own essence [applied to God; as an epithet of Whom it has other meanings assigned to it by some, as will be seen below]: and anything existing, of an objective kind: (Kull:) existing as an established fact, or truth, (K, TA,) so as to be undeniable. (TA.) In the saying, هٰذَا عَبْدُ اللّٰهِ الحَقَّ لَا البَاطِلَ [This is 'Abd-Allah, truly; not falsely], the article ال is prefixed as it is in the phrase, أَرْسَلَهَا العِرَاكَ; but sometimes it is dropped, so that one says حَقًّا لَا بَاطِلًا. (Sb, TA.) And in the phrase, لَحَقُّ لَا آتِيكَ, a form of oath, the nom. case is used without tenween; but when the ل is dropped, one says, حَقًّا لَا آتِيكَ: (S, TA:) [the latter means Truly I will not come to thee: the former seems to be best explained by what here follows:] accord. to the A, لَحَقُّ لَا أَفْعَلُ is originally لَحَقُّ اللّٰهِ لَا أَفْعَلُ [The truth, or existence, of God is that by which I swear, I will not do such a thing]; the affixed noun [اللّٰه] being suppressed, and meant to be understood. (TA.) الحَقُّ بِيَدِى [The right is mine] and الحَقُّ مَعِى

[The right is with me and الحَقُّ عَلَيْكَ The right is against thee, which last is often used as meaning thou art in fault, or in the wrong,] are said by one disputing, or contending, for a thing. (TA.) [And in like manner one says الحَقُّ بِيَدِكَ and مَعَكَ as meaning Thou art in the right, and الحَقُّ عَلَىَّ as meaning I am in the wrong.] One says also, كَانَ ذٰلِكَ عِنْدَ حَقِّ لَقَاحِهَا, and لَقَاحِهَا ↓ حِقِّ (tropical:) That was on the occasion of the establishment of the fact of her conception, or pregnancy. (S, A, K, * TA.) And هٰذَا العَالِمُ حَقَّ العَالِمِ, [like هٰذَا العَالِمُ جِدَّ العَالِمِ,] This is the learned man, the extremely learned man. (Sb, TA.) And حَقُّ عَلِيمٍ meansVery [or extremely] knowing. (Ham p. 139.) [Respecting the expressions الحَقُّ اليَقِينُ and حَقُّ اليَقِينِ, see art. يقن.] b2: [From the primary and general signification, explained in the first sentence of this paragraph, are deduced several particular meanings here following.] b3: Equity, or justice. (K.) b4: [The right mode, or manner, of acting or being.] b5: Veracity (K) in discourse. (TA.) b6: Prudence. (K, TA.) b7: [A right, or due, of any kind: a just claim: a desert, or thing deserved: anything that is owed; as a fee, hire, or pay, and a price: a duty; an obligation:] the sing. of حُقُوقٌ. (S, K.) [You say, هٰذَا حَقِّى

This is my right, or due, &c. And هٰذَا حَقٌّ لِى

This is a right, or due, belonging to me; or a thing due, or owed, to me: or this is a duty to me. And هٰذَا حَقٌّ عَلَىَّ This is a right, or due, the rendering of which is binding, obligatory, or incumbent, on me: or this is my duty. and hence, حَقُّ الطَّرِيقِ The duty that relates to the road: see art. طرق.] ↓ حَقَّةٌ is a more particular, or peculiar, or special, term. (S, K.) You say, ↓ هٰذِهِ حَقَّتِى [This is my particular, or peculiar, or special, right or due &c.: but it is explained as] meaning حَقِّى. (S.) And ↓ هٰذِهِ حِقَّتِى This is my just, or necessary, or incumbent, right or due &c. (K.) b8: A share, or portion; as in the saying, أَعْطِ كُلَّ ذِى حَقٍّ حَقَّهُ Give thou to every one to whom belongs a share, or portion, his share, or portion, that is appointed, or assigned, to him. (TA.) b9: Property: a possession. (K.) b10: [An appertenance. Hence the pl.] حُقُوقٌ signifies The مَرَافِق [or appertenances, or conveniences, such as the privy and the kitchen and the like,] of a house. (Msb, TA.) b11: [A necessary, or requisite, thing.]

b12: A thing, or an event, that is decreed, or destined. (K, TA.) It is said to have this meaning in the Kur [xv. 8], in the words, مَا نُنَزِّلُ المَلَائِكَةَ

إِلَّا بِالحَقِّ [We send not down the angels save with that which is decreed, or destined]: (TA:) or, as some say, it means here revelation: (Ksh, Bd:) or punishment. (Ksh, Bd, Jel.) b13: [And hence,] Death. (K.) So accord. to some in the Kur [1. 18], where it is said, وَ جَآءَتْ سَكْرَةُ المَوْتِ بِالحَقِّ [And the confusion of the intellect by reason of the agony of death shall come with death: but other and obvious meanings are assigned to it in this instance]. (TA.) b14: [As an epithet,] الحَقُّ is one of the names of God: or one of the epithets applied to Him: (K:) meaning the Really-existing; whose existence and divinity are proved to be true: (IAth, TA:) or the Creator according to the requirements of wisdom, justice, right, or rightness. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b15: It is also applied to The Kur-án. (K.) b16: And to [The religion of] El-Islám. (K.) A2: See also حَقِيقٌ, in two places.

A3: And see حَاقٌّ, in two places.

حُقٌّ: see حُقَّةٌ. b2: Also The breast, or mamma, of an old woman. (TA.) b3: A tuber of a truffle. (TA.) b4: The small hollow upon the head of the shoulder-blade: (K:) or, as some say, the حُقّ of the shoulder-blade is the head of the upper arm, in which is the وَابِلَة: (TA:) or this latter is another signification of حُقّ. (K.) b5: The head, (K,) or lower part of the head, (TA,) of the hip, in which is the thigh-bone; (K, TA;) the socket, or turning-place, of the hip. (TA.) b6: The socket, or turning-place, of the foot of a door. (TA.) You say, لَقِيتُهُ عِنْدَ حُقِّ بَابِ المَسْجِدِ, meaning I met him, or found him, near to the mosque: and المَسْجِدِ ↓ لَقِيتُهُ مِنْ حَاقِّ [app. means the same]. (TA.) b7: See also حَاقٌّ, in two places. b8: Also The web of a spider. (Az, K.) حِقٌّ A camel three years old, (S, Mgh,) that has entered the fourth year: (S, Mgh, Msb:) or a camel entering the fourth year: (K:) so called because fit to be laden (S, Msb) and made use of; (S;) or because fit to be ridden; or because fit for covering: (K:) the female is termed ↓ حِقَّةٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and حِقٌّ also: (S, K:) the pl. (of حِقٌّ, Msb) is حِقَاقٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and (of حِقَّةٌ, Msb) حِقَقٌ, (Msb, K,) and the pl. pl., (K,) i. e. pl. of حِقَاقٌ, (S,) is حُقُقٌ, (S, K,) and sometimes حَقَائِقُ, (S, TA,) or this is a pl. of حِقَّةٌ. (TA: see 3.) Or [so in the K, but it should rather be “ and,”] حِقٌّ signifies A she-camel whose teeth have fallen out by reason of extreme age. (K.) b2: One says, رَأَيْتَهَا وَ هِىَ حِقَّةٌ as meaning (assumed tropical:) [I saw her when she was] like a she-camel termed حقّة in bigness. (TA.) b3: And [the pl.] حِقَاقٌ is applied to The young ones of trees: (TA:) and particularly of the [species of mimosa termed]

عُرْفُط: (K, TA:) as being likened to the camels termed حقاق. (TA.) A2: Also (tropical:) The time of year in which a she-camel was covered in the preceding year; (S, TA;) and so ↓ حِقَّةٌ: (TA:) or the usual period of her gestation. (L in art. نضج.) You say, أَتَتِ النَّاقَةُ عَلَى حِقِّهَا (tropical:) The she-camel arrived at the time of year in which she had been covered in the preceding year: (S, TA:) and ↓ اتت على حِقَّتِهَا signifies the same; or she completed her period of gestation, and overpassed by some days the time of year in which she had been covered in the preceding year, to complete the formation of the fœtus. (TA.) And جَازَتِ الحِقَّ She (a camel) overpassed the year without bringing forth. (As, S.) [See also the last sentence but one in the explanations of 1 as an intrans. verb.] b2: كَانَ ذٰلِكَ عِنْدَ حِقِّ لَقَاحِهَا: see حَقٌّ حَقَّةٌ: see حَقٌّ, in two places: b2: and حَقِيقَةٌ, also in two places: b3: and حَاقَّةٌ.

حُقَّةٌ A receptacle of wood, (K, TA,) or of ivory, or of some other material proper to be cut, or shaped out; (TA;) a receptacle for perfume; (Har p. 518;) [generally a small round box, used for unguents and perfumes &c.; and applied also to a small cocoa-nut used as a box for snuff &c.;] a thing well known: (S:) [also a receptacle for wine: (see تَأْمُورٌ, in art. امر:)] pl. ↓ حُقٌّ, [or rather this is a coll. gen. n., as is indicated in the TA, and it is now used as a sing., like حُقَّةٌ,] and حُقَقٌ, (S, K,) which latter is pl. of حُقَّةٌ, (ISd, TA,) and حِقَاقٌ (S, K) and حُقُوقٌ and [of pauc.] أَحْقَاقٌ, (K,) which three are pls. of حُقٌّ. (TA.) b2: And (tropical:) A woman; (K, TA;) as being likened thereto. (TA.) A2: See also حَاقَّةٌ.

حِقَّةٌ: see هٰذِهِ حِقَّتِى, voce حَقٌّ.

A2: See also حِقٌّ, in three places.

حَقَقٌ, in a horse, The quality of not sweating: (S, * K:) which is a fault. (TA.) b2: And, in a horse also, The putting down the hind hoof in the place [that has just before been that] of the fore hoof: (S, * K:) which is also a fault. (K.) [See أَحَقُّ.]

حُقُقٌ [app. pl. of the act. part. n. حَاقٌّ, like بُزُلٌ pl. of بَازِلٌ, &c.,] Persons who have recently known, or been acquainted with, events, or affairs, good and evil. (TA.) b2: And Persons establishing a claim or claims. (TA.) حَقِيقٌ Adapted, disposed, apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, proper, competent, or worthy; syn. خَلِيقٌ, (Sh, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and جَدِيرٌ; (K;) as also ↓ حَقٌّ, (Ibn- 'Abbád, K,) and [some say] ↓ مَحْقُوقٌ: (Sh, S, Mgh, K:) حَقِيقٌ is said to be of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ; but accord. to the A, it is not so, because its fem. is with ة; but is from the supposed verb حَقُقَ, and is like خَلِيقٌ from خَلُقَ, and جَدِيرٌ from جَدُرَ: and ↓ مَحْقُوقٌ signifies [properly] rendered adapted &c.: (TA:) the pl. of حقيق is أَحِقَّآءُ; and that of ↓ محقوق is مَحْقُوقُونَ. (S.) You say, هُوَ حَقِيقٌ بِهِ (Sh, S, Msb, K) and به ↓ مَحْقُوقٌ (Sh, S, K) and به ↓ حَقٌّ (Ibn-'Abbád, K) [He is adapted, &c., for it; or worthy of it]. And to a woman, أَنْتَ حَقِيقَةٌ بِكَذَا (A, TA) and حَقِيقَةٌ لِذٰلِكَ and لِذٰلِكَ ↓ مَحْقُوقَةٌ [Thou art adapted, &c., for such a thing and for that thing; or worthy of it]. (TA.) And أَنْتَ حَقِيقٌ بِأَنْ تَفْعَلَ (A, Mgh) and ↓ مَحْقُوقٌ (A) [Thou art adapted, &c., for thy doing such a thing; or worthy of doing it]. And هُوَ حَقِيقٌ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ كَذَا [He is adapted, &c., for his doing such a thing; or worthy to do it]; (S;) in which case, ان is for بِأَنْ. (Mgh.) [And حَقِيقٌ بِكَذَا also signifies Having a right, or just title or claim, to such a thing; entitled to such a thing.] It is said in the Kur [vii. 103], حَقِيقٌ عَلَى أَنْ لَا أَقْولَ عَلَى

اللّٰهِ إِلَّا الحَقَّ, meaning I am disposed [not] to say [of God aught save] the truth: or, as some say, I am vehemently desirous [that I should not say &c.]; for, accord. to Aboo-'Alee, أَنَا حَقِيقٌ عَلَى

كَذَا means I am vehemently desirous of such a thing: but one reading, that of Náfi', is حَقِيقٌ عَلَىَّ أَنْ لَا أَقُولَ, It is binding, or obligatory, or incumbent, on me [that I should not say]. (TA.) حَقِيقَةٌ The essence of a thing as meaning that by being which a thing is what it is; [or that in being which a thing consists;] as when we say that a rational animal is the حقيقة of a human being: (KT:) or that by being which a thing is what it is, considered with regard to its reality, is termed حَقِيقَةٌ: considered with regard to its individuality, هُوِيَّةٌ: and without regard thereto, مَاهِيَّةٌ: (KT, TA:) the ultimate and radical constituent of a thing. (Msb, TA.) b2: [Also The essence of a thing as meaning the property or quality, or the aggregate of properties or qualities, whereby a thing is what it is; the essential property or quality, or the aggregate of the essential properties or qualities, of a thing; that which constitutes the particular and distinguishing nature of a thing or of a genus or species; i. q. ذَاتِيَّةٌ: and] the truth, reality, or true or real nature or state [or circumstances or facts, the very nature, and the gist, and the pith, marrow, or most essential part], of a case, or an affair: pl. حَقَائِقُ: see 3. (TA.) One says, بَلَغَ حَقِيقَةَ الأَمْرِ He arrived at [the knowledge of] the truth, reality, or true or real nature or state [&c.], of the case, or affair. (TA.) and ↓ الحَقَّةُ signifies حَقِيقَةُ الأَمْرِ; (S, K;) as also ↓ الحَاقَّةُ. (TA.) Hence the saying, لَمَّا عَرَفَ مِنِّى هَرَبَ ↓ الحَقَّةَ [When he knew the truth, reality, or true or real nature or state &c., of the case, or affair, from me, he fled]. (S, TA.) And مِنِّى هَرَبَ ↓ لَمَّا رَأَى الحَاقَّةَ [When he saw the truth, &c.]. (TA.) [حَقِيقَةً is often used as meaning In truth, or truly; in reality, or really; and in fact.] You say also, عَرَفْتُهُ حَقِيقَةَ المَعْرِفَةِ [I knew it with reality of knowledge]. (Msb in art. كنه.) And حَقِيقَةُ الإِيمَانِ means Genuine belief or faith; reality of belief or faith. (TA.) [And you say, هٰذَا شَىْءٌ لَا حَقِيقَةَ لَهُ This is a thing having no reality.]

A2: [Also A word, or phrase, used in its proper or original, or in a proper or an original, sense;] that which is constantly used according to its original application; or a name for that whereby is meant what it was [originally] applied to denote; (TA;) contr. of مَجَازٌ: (S, K:) of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ, from حَقَّ الشَّىْءُ signifying ثَبَتَ: the ة is affixed for the conversion of the word from an epithet to a subst.: (TA:) [pl. as above]. [It is also called حَقِيقَةٌ لُغَوِيَّةٌ, and حَقِيقَةٌ لُغَةً; to distinguish it from what is termed حَقِيقَةٌ عُرْفِيَّةٌ, and حَقِيقَةٌ عُرْفًا, which is A word, or phrase, so much used in a particular tropical sense as to be, in that sense, conventionally regarded as proper; as, for instance, عَدْلٌ in the sense of “ just; ” it being properly an inf. n.] A مَجَاز, when much used, becomes what is termed حَقِيقَةٌ عُرْفًا. (Mz 24th نوع.) [حَقِيقَةٌ means also A proper (opposed to a tropical) signification.]

A3: الحَقِيقَةُ also signifies (tropical:) That which, or those whom, it is necessary for one, or it behooveth one, to defend, or protect, (S, L, K, TA,) of the people of one's house, (L,) or such as the wife, and the female neighbour, and property, &c.: (Ham p. 181:) pl. as above. (L.) You say, فُلَانٌ حَامِى الحَقِيقَةِ (tropical:) [Such a one is the defender, or protector, of that which, or those whom, it is necessary, &c., to defend, or protect]. (S, TA.) [See also ذِمَارٌ. And see an ex. of this signification, or of the next, in a verse cited in p. 288.] b2: Also (assumed tropical:) The banner, or standard: (S, K, and Ham ubi suprà:) this being included in the preceding meaning. (Ham.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) That which is sacred, or inviolable; that which one is under an obligation to respect, or honour. (TA.) حَقِيقَىٌّ rel. n. of حَقِيقَةٌ, Essential, &c.]

حَقَّانِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, الحَقّ as meaning justness, propriety, rightness, correctness, or truth; &c.: and hence just, proper, &c.; like حَقٌّ when used as an epithet: and of, or relating to, الحَقّ as meaning God:] a rel. n. from الحَقُّ, like رَبَّانِىٌّ from الرَّبُّ. (TA.) قَرَبٌ حَقْحَاقٌ [A night-journey to water] made with labour or exertion or haste; (K;) as also هَقْهَاقٌ and قَهْقَاهٌ; and so ↓ مُحَقْحِقٌ. (TA.) [See R. Q. 1.]

حَاقٌّ i. q. صَادِقٌ [as used in the phrase صَادِقُ الحَلَاوَةِ and صَادِقُ الحَمْلَةِ, &c.: see art. صدق]: so in the phrase حَاقٌّ الجُوعِ [Vehement hunger]: (K:) occurring in a trad. of Aboo-Bekr: but accord. to one reading, it is حَاقُ الجُوعِ, without teshdeed to the ق, from حَاقَ بِهِ البَلَآءُ, inf. n. حَيْقٌ and حَاقٌ, “trial, or trouble, beset him; ” and means the besetting of hunger: or it may mean حَائِقُ الجُوعِ [besetting hunger]. (TA.) One says also, رَجُلٌ حَاقُّ الرَّجُلِ and الرَّجُلِ ↓ حَاقَّةُ A man perfect in manliness: and حَاقُّ الشُّجَاعِ and ↓ حَاقَّةُ الشُّجَاعِ perfect in courage. (K, * TA.) And Az relates that he heard an Arab of the desert say, of a mark of mange, or scab, that appeared upon a camel, هٰذَا حَاقُّ صُمَادِحِ الجَرَبِ [This is a most sure, or a truth-telling, evidence of genuine mange, or scab]. (TA.) A2: Also The middle of the head; (S, K;) as also ↓ حَقٌّ: (K:) and of the back of the neck; as also ↓ حُقٌّ: (TA: [thus the latter is there written, in this instance, with damm:]) and of the eye: (TA:) and of a road: (K, * TA:) and of winter. (S.) One says, سَقَطَ عَلَى حَاقِّ رَأْسِهِ (S, K) and رأسه ↓ حَقِّ (K) He fell upon the middle of his head: (S, K:) and على حَاقِّ القَفَا and القفا ↓ حُقِّ upon the middle of the back of the neck. (TA.) And أَصَابَ حَاقَّ عَيْنِهِ He, or it, hit the middle of his eye. (TA.) And رَكِبَ حَاقَّ الطَّرِيقِ He went upon the middle of the road. (K, * TA.) And جِئْتُهُ فِى حَاقِّ الشِّتَآءِ I came to him in the middle of winter. (S.) And لَقِيتُهُ مِنْ حَاقِّ المَسْجِدِ: see حُقٌّ. b2: هُوَ فِى حَاقٍّ مِنْ كَذَا He is in straitness by reason of such a thing. (TA.) حَاقَّةٌ: see حَقِيقَةٌ, in two places. [In the sense in which it is there explained, its pl. is حَوَاقُّ; and so in other senses; agreeably with analogy: see the second of the sentences here following.]

b2: Also A severe calamity or affliction, the happening of which is fixed, or established; and so ↓ حَقَّةٌ; (K;) which signifies also, [according to another explanation,] like ↓ حُقَّةٌ, [simply,] a calamity; or a great, formidable, terrible, or momentous, thing, or event: (Az, K:) and حَاجَةٌ حَاقَّةٌ a want that befalls, or happens, and is severe, or distressing. (Msb.) b3: And الحَاقَّةُ [in the Kur lxix. 1 and 2] means The resurrection: (S, Msb, K:) because in it shall be [manifest] the true natures (حَوَاقّ) of things, or actions; or because in it shall be [or shall happen (Bd)] severe calamities (حَوَاقُّ الأُمُورِ); (Fr, S, Bd, K;) namely, the reckoning and the recompensing: (Bd:) or because in it things shall be surely known (Bd, Jel) which are denied; namely, the raising of the dead, and the reckoning, and the recompensing: (Jel:) or because including within its sphere [all] the created beings. (Msb. [Several other reasons are assigned; but these which I have mentioned appear to be the most generally approved.]) b4: See also حَاقٌّ, in two places.

أَحَقُّ [comparative and superlative of حَقِيقٌ]. You say, هُوَ أَحَقُّ بِكَذَا [He is more, and most, adapted, disposed, apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, proper, or competent, for such a thing; or more, and most, worthy, or deserving, of it: and he has a better, and the best, right to such a thing; or a more just, and the most just, title or claim to it; or he is more, and most, entitled to it]: this phrase is used in two senses: first, as denoting the possession of an exclusive right or title, i. e., without the participation of another; as when you say, زَيْدٌ أَحَقُّ بِمَالِهِ Zeyd is entitled to his property exclusively of any other person: secondly, as denoting the possession of a right or title in participation with another person, but in a superior degree; as in the saying, الأَيِّمُ أَحَقُّ بِنَفْسِهَا مِنْ وَلِيِّهَا, (Msb,) i. e. The woman that has not a husband and is not a virgin [is more entitled to dispose of herself than is her guardian]; (Mgh in art. ايم;) meaning that they participate [in the right], but that her right is the stronger: (Msb:) a saying of Mohammad, in which the ايّم is opposed to the بِكْر, for it is added that the بكر is to be asked her permission: but one reading substitutes الثَّيِّبُ for الايّم. (Mgh ubi suprà.) In the saying, in the Kur [v. 106], لَشَهَادَتُنَا أَحَقُّ مِنْ شَهَادَتِهِمَا, it may be formed from اِسْتَحَقَّ by rejection of the augmentative letters, so that the meaning is, [Verily our testimony is] more deserving of being accepted [than the testimony of them two]: or it may be from حَقَّ الشَّىْءُ signifying ثَبَتَ, and so mean more true, or valid. (TA.) A2: Applied to a horse, That does not sweat. (S, K.) b2: And, likewise thus applied, That puts down his hind hoof in the place [that has just before been that] of his fore hoof. (S, * K.) [See حَقَقٌ.]

مُحِقٌّ Speaking truth; saying what is true; (Msb;) contr. of مُبْطِلٌ: (K:) or revealing, or manifesting, or showing, a truth, or a right or due: or laying claim to a right [or to a thing (see 4)] which is, or becomes, due to him. (Msb.) مُحَقَّقٌ, [in the CK, erroneously, حُقَّق,] applied to speech, or language, (tropical:) Sound, or compact, (S, K, TA,) and orderly. (TA.) b2: And, applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, (tropical:) Firmly, or compactly, woven, (S, K, TA,) and figured with the form of حُقَق [pl. of حُقَّةٌ, q. v.]. (TA.) مُحَقِّقٌ is often used as meaning A critical judge in matters of literature.]

مَحْقُوقٌ: see حَقِيقٌ, in six places.

مِحَاقٌّ, applied to cattle, Such as have not brought forth, nor been milked (لَمْ يُحْلَبْنَ [in the CK, erroneously, لم يُجْلَبْنَ]), in the next preceding year: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) or whose first and second milkings are of biestings. (AHát, TA.) طَعْنَةٌ مُحْتَقَّةٌ (in [some of] the copies of the K, erroneously, مُحَقَّقَةٌ, TA) A thrust, or piercing, in which is no swerving from the right direction. (S, A, O, L, K.) مُحَقْحِقٌ: see حَقْحَاقٌ.

شبل

1 شَبَلَ, (K,) aor. ـُ (TK,) inf. n. شُبُولٌ, He (a boy, TA) became a youth, or young man, (K,) or grew up, and became a youth, or young man, (TA,) in a state of ease and plenty. (K, TA. [In the CK, فى نِعْمَة ٍ is erroneously put for فى نَعْمَة ٍ.]) Accord. to Ks, one says, شَبَلْتُ فِى بَنِى

فُلَان ٍ, meaning I grew up, or became a youth, or young man, among the sons of such a one: (S, TA:) and قَدْ شَبَلَ الغُلَامُ أَحْسَنَ شُبُول ٍ The boy has grown up, or become a youth, or young man, in the best manner: (S:) but accord. to others, it is not said except in the case of being in a state of ease and plenty. (TA.) 4 أَشْبَلَتِ المَرْأَةُ بَعْدَ بَعْلِهَا (assumed tropical:) The woman bore with her children, [tending them patiently, after the loss of her husband,] without marrying: (S, O:) [and] اشبلت عَلَى وَلَدِهَا (tropical:) She (a woman) applied herself constantly to the care of her children, after [the loss of] her husband, (K, TA,) and bore with them, (TA,) not marrying: (K, TA:) and the epithet applied to her is ↓ مُشْبِلٌ [without ة]. (TA.) One says, هِىَ فِى إِشْبَالِهَا كَاللَّبُوَةِ عَلَى أَشْبَالِهَا (tropical:) [She is, in her constant application of herself to the care of her children, &c., like the lioness over her whelps]. (TA.) b2: And اشبل عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He inclined to him; affected him; or was, or became, favourably inclined towards him: (S, O, K, TA:) and he aided, helped, or assisted, him. (K, TA.) 7 انشبل is expl. by Golius as signifying “Leviter e loco exivit, effluxit;” as on the authority of the KL; but I do not find it in my copy of that work; and think that it is some other word to which this meaning is there assigned.]

شِبْلٌ The whelp, or young one, of the lion: (S, Mgh, O, Msb:) or the young one of the lion when it has attained to the seeking, or taking, of prey: (K, TA:) [and Freytag says, on the authority of Meyd, of any wild beast:] pl. أَشْبَالٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and أَشْبُلٌ (S, O, K) [both properly pls. of pauc.] and [pl. of mult.] شُبُولٌ and شِبَالٌ. (K.) شَابِلٌ A lion whose canine teeth have become such as lock together, dissimilar; expl. by the words اَلَّذِى اشْتَبَكَتْ أَنْيَابُهُ. (K. [Perhaps, in this sense, a mistranscription for شَابِكٌ, q. v.]) b2: and (K) (assumed tropical:) A boy, or young man, full [or plump] in body, by reason of ease and plenty and of youthfulness: (IAar, O, K: *) and so شَابِنٌ, and حِضَجْرٌ. (IAar, O.) b3: [شَابِلَةٌ, expl. by Golius as signifying “Diminuta lacte camela, pulli septimestris mater,” as on the authority of the KL, is a mistake for شَائِلَةٌ.]

أَشْبَلُ, expl. by Golius as signifying “Magno veretri præputio camelus,” as on the authority of the KL, is a mistake for أَثْيَلُ.]

مُشْبِلٌ A lioness whose whelps, or young ones, accompany her, (S, O, Msb,) going with her. (S, O.) And A she-camel whose young one has become strong, and goes with her. (Az, S, O.) b2: See also 4.

مَشْبُولٌ A place in which are lions' whelps or young ones. (Ham p. 416.)

نَجْرَانُ:
بالفتح ثم السكون، وآخره نون، والنجران في كلامهم: خشبة يدور عليها رتاج الباب، وأنشدوا:
وصيت الباب في النجران حتى ... تركت الباب ليس له صرير
وقال ابن الأعرابي: يقال لأنف الباب الرتاج ولد رونده النّجاف والنجران ولمترسه المفتاح، قال ابن دريد: نجران الباب الخشبة التي يدور عليها، ونجران في عدة مواضع، منها: نجران في مخاليف اليمن من ناحية مكة، قالوا: سمي بنجران بن زيدان بن سبإ بن يشجب بن يعرب بن قحطان لأنه كان أول من عمرها ونزلها وهو المرعف وإنما صار إلى نجران لأنه رأى رؤيا فهالته فخرج رائدا حتى انتهى إلى واد فنزل به فسمي نجران به، كذا ذكره في كتاب الكلبي بخط صحيح زيدان بن سبإ، وفي كتاب غيره زيد، روى ذلك الزيادي عن الشرقي، وأما سبب دخول أهلها في دين النصرانية قال ابن إسحاق: حدثني المغيرة بن لبيد مولى الأخنس عن وهب بن منبه اليماني أنه حدثهم أن موقع ذلك الدين بنجران كان أن رجلا من بقايا أهل دين عيسى يقال له فيميون، بالفاء ويروى بالقاف، وكان رجلا صالحا مجتهدا في العبادة مجاب الدعوة وكان سائحا ينزل بالقرى فإذا عرف بقرية خرج منها إلى أخرى، وكان لا يأكل إلّا من كسب يديه، وكان بنّاء يعمل في الطين، وكان يــعظّم الأحد فلا يعمل فيه شيئا فيخرج إلى فلاة من الأرض فيصلي بها حتى يمسي، ففطن لشأنه رجل من أهل قرية بالشام كان يعمل فيها فيميون عمله، وكان ذلك الرجل اسمه صالح فأحبه صالح حبّا شديدا فكان يتبعه حيث ذهب ولا يفطن له فيميون حتى خرج مرة في يوم الأحد إلى فلاة من الأرض كما كان يصنع وقد اتبعه صالح فجلس منه منظر العين مستخفيا منه، فقام فيميون يصلي فإذا قد أقبل نحوه تنّين، وهو الحية العظيمة، فلما رآها فيميون دعا عليها فماتت ورآها صالح ولم يدر ما أصابها فخاف عليه فصرخ: يا فيميون التنين قد أقبل نحوك! فلم يلتفت إليه وأقبل على صلاته حتى فرغ منها فخرج إليه صالح وقال: يا فيميون يعلم الله أنني ما أحببت شيئا قط مثل حبك وقد أحببت صحبتك والكينونة معك حيث كنت، فقال: ما شئت، أمري كما ترى فإن علمت أنك تقوى عليه فنعم، فلزمه صالح، وقد كان أهل القرية يفطنون لشأنه، وكان إذا جاءه العبد وبه ضرّ دعا له فشفي، وكان إذا دعي لمنزل أحد لم يأته، وكان لرجل من أهل تلك القرية ولد ضرير فقال لفيميون: إن لي عملا فانطلق معي إلى منزلي، فانطلق معه فلما حصل في بيته رفع الرجل الثوب عن الصبيّ وقال له: يا فيميون عبد من عباد الله أصابه ما ترى فادع الله له! فدعا الله فقام الصبيّ ليس به بأس، فعرف فيميون أنه عرف فخرج من القرية واتبعه صالح حتى وطئا بعض أراضي العرب فعدوا عليهما فاختطفهما سيّارة من العرب فخرجوا بهما حتى باعوهما بنجران، وكان أهل نجران يومئذ على دين العرب يعبدون نخلة لهم عظيمة بين أظهرهم لها عيد في كل سنة فإذا كان ذلك العيد علّقوا عليها كلّ ثوب حسن وجدوه وحليّ النساء، فخرجوا إليها يوما وعكفوا عليها يوما، فابتاع فيميون رجل من أشرافهم وابتاع صالحا آخر، فكان فيميون إذا قام بالليل في بيت له أسكنه إياه سيّده استسرج له البيت نورا حتى يصبح
من غير مصباح، فأعجب سيّده ما رأى منه فسأله عن دينه فأخبره به وقال له فيميون: إنما أنتم على باطل وهذه الشجرة لا تضرّ ولا تنفع ولو دعوت عليها إلهي الذي أعبده لأهلكها وهو الله وحده لا شريك له، فقال له سيّده: افعل فإنك إن فعلت هذا دخلنا في دينك وتركنا ما نحن عليه، فقام فيميون وتطهّر وصلّى ركعتين ثم دعا الله تعالى عليها فأرسل الله ريحا فجعفتها من أصلها فألقتها فعند ذلك اتبعه أهل نجران فحملهم على الشريعة من دين عيسى بن مريم ثم دخلت عليهم الأحداث التي دخلت على غيرهم من أهل دينهم بكلّ أرض فمن هناك كانت النصرانية بنجران من أرض العرب.
قال ابن إسحاق: فهذا حديث وهب بن منبّه عن أهل نجران، قال: وحدّثني يزيد بن زياد عن محمد ابن كعب القرظي وحدثني أيضا بعض أهل نجران أن أهل نجران كانوا أهل شرك يعبدون الأصنام وكان في قرية من قراها قريبا من نجران، ونجران القرية العظيمة التي إليها إجماع تلك البلاد، كان عندهم ساحر يعلّم غلمان أهل نجران السحر، فلما نزلها فيميون ولم يسموه لي باسمه الذي سماه به ابن منبه إنما قالوا رجل نزلها وابتنى خيمة بين نجران وبين القرية التي بها الساحر، فجعل أهل نجران يرسلون أولادهم إلى ذلك الساحر يعلّمهم السحر فبعث الثامر ابنه عبد الله مع غلمان أهل نجران فكان ابن الثامر إذا مر بتلك الخيمة أعجبه ما يرى من صلاته وعبادته فجعل يجلس إليه ويسمع منه حتى أسلم وعبد الله تعالى وحده وجعل يسأله عن شرائع الإسلام حتى فقه فيه فسأله عن الاسم الأعظم فكتمه إياه وقال: إنك لن تحمله، أخشى ضعفك عنه، والثامر أبو عبد الله لا يظنّ إلا أن ابنه يختلف إلى الساحر كما يختلف الغلمان، فلما رأى عبد الله أن صاحبه قد ضنّ به عنه عمد إلى قداح فجمعها ثم لم يبق لله تعالى اسما يعلمه إلا كتب كل واحد في قدح فلما أحصاها أوقد نارا وجعل يقذفها فيها قدحا قدحا حتى مرّ بالاسم الأعظم فقذفه فيها بقدحه فوثب القدح حتى خرج منها ولم تضرّه النار شيئا، فأتى صاحبه فأخبره أنه قد علم الاسم الأعظم وهو كذا، فقال: كيف علمته؟ فأخبره بما صنع، فقال: يا ابن أخي قد أصبته فأمسك على نفسك وما أظنّ أن تفعل، وجعل عبد الله بن الثامر إذا دخل نجران لم يلق أحدا به ضرّ إلا قال له: يا عبد الله أتوحّد الله وتدخل في ديني فأدعو الله فيعافيك؟
فيقول: نعم، فيدعو الله فيشفى حتى لم يبق بنجران أحد به ضرّ إلا أتاه فاتبعه على أمره ودعا له فعوفي، فرفع أمره إلى ملك نجران فأحضره وقال له:
أفسدت عليّ أهل قريتي وخالفت ديني ودين آبائي، لأمثّلنّ بك! فقال: لا تقدر على ذلك، فجعل يرسل به إلى الجبل الطويل فيطرح من رأسه فيقع على الأرض ويقوم وليس به بأس، وجعل يبعث به إلى مياه بنجران بحور لا يقع فيها شيء إلا هلك فيلقى فيها فيخرج ليس به بأس، فلما غلبه قال عبد الله بن الثامر، لا تقدر على قتلي حتى توحّد الله فتؤمن بما آمنت به فإنك إن فعلت ذلك سلّطت عليّ فتقتلني، قال: فوحّد الله ذلك الملك وشهد شهادة عبد الله بن الثامر ثم ضربه بعصا كانت في يده فشجّه شجّة غير كبيرة فقتله، قال عبيد الله الفقير إليه: فاختلفوا ههنا، ففي حديث رواه الترمذي من طريق ابن أبي ليلى عن النبي، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، على غير هذا السياق وإن قاربه في المعنى، فقال: إن الملك لما رمى الغلام في رأسه وضع الغلام يده على صدغه ثم مات، فقال أهل نجران: لقد علم هذا الغلام علما ما علمه
أحد فإنّا نؤمن بربّ هذا الغلام، قال: فقيل الملك أجزعت أن خالفك ثلاثة؟ فهذا العالم كلهم قد خالفوك! قال: فخدّ أخدودا ثم ألقى فيه الحطب والنار ثم جمع الناس وقال: من رجع عن دينه تركناه ومن لم يرجع ألقيناه في هذه النار، فجعل يلقيهم في ذلك الأخدود، فذلك قوله تعالى: قتل أصحاب الأخدود النار ذات الوقود، حتى بلغ إلى:
العزيز الحميد، وأما الغلام فإنه دفن وذكر أنه أخرج في زمن عمر بن الخطاب، رضي الله عنه، وإصبعه على صدغه كما وضعها حين قتل، روى هذا الحديث الترمذي عن محمود بن غيلان عن عبد الرزاق ابن معمر، ورواه مسلم عن هدّاب بن خالد عن حماد بن سلمة ثم اتفقا، عن سالم عن ابن أبي ليلى عن صهيب عن النبي، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، وفي حديث ابن إسحاق: إن الملك لما قتل الغلام هلك مكانه واجتمع أهل نجران على دين عبد الله بن الثامر وهو النصرانية وكان على ما جاء به عيسى، عليه السّلام، من الإنجيل وحكمه، ثم أصابهم ما أصاب أهل دينهم من الأحداث، فمن هنالك أصل النصرانية بنجران، قال: فسار إليهم ذو نواس بجنوده فدعاهم إلى اليهودية وخيّرهم بين ذلك والقتل فاختاروا القتل، فخدّ لهم الأخدود فحرق من حرق في النار وقتل من قتل بالسيف ومثّل بهم حتى قتل منهم قريبا من عشرين ألفا، ففي ذي نواس وجنوده أنزل الله تعالى: قتل أصحاب الأخدود النار ذات الوقود، إلى آخر الآية، قال عبيد الله الفقير إليه: خبر الترمذي ومسلم أعجب إليّ من خبر ابن إسحاق لأن في خبر ابن إسحاق أن الذي قتل النصارى ذو نواس وكان يهوديّا صحيح الدين اتبع اليهودية بآيات رآها، كما ذكرناه في امام من هذا الكتاب، من الحبرين اللذين صحباه من المدينة ودين عيسى إنما جاء مؤيدا ومسددا للعمل بالتوراة فيكون القاتل والمقتول من أهل التوحيد والله قد ذمّ المحرق والقاتل لأصحاب الأخدود فبعد إذا ما ذكره ابن إسحاق وليس لقائل أن يقول إن ذا نواس بدّل أو غيّر دين موسى، عليه السلام، لأن الأخبار غير شاهدة بصحة ذلك، وأما خبر الترمذي أن الملك كان كافرا وأصحاب الأخدود مؤمنين فصحّ إذا، والله أعلم، وفتح نجران في زمن النبي، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، في سنة عشر صلحا على الفيء وعلى أن يقاسموا العشر ونصف العشر، وفيها يقول الأعشى:
وكعبة نجران حتم علي ... ك حتى تناخي بأبوابها
نزور يزيدا وعبد المسيح ... وقيسا هم خير أربابها
وشاهدنا الورد والياسمي ... ن والمسمعات بقصّابها
وبربطنا دائم معمل، ... فأيّ الثلاثة أزرى بها؟
وكعبة نجران هذه يقال بيعة بناها بنو عبد المدان بن الدّيّان الحارثي على بناء الكعبة وعظمــوها مضاهاة للكعبة وسموها كعبة نجران وكان فيها أساقفة معتمّون وهم الذين جاءوا إلى النبي، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، ودعاهم إلى المباهلة، وذكر هشام بن الكلبي أنها كانت قبّة من أدم من ثلاثمائة جلد، كان إذا جاءها الخائف أمن أو طالب حاجة قضيت أو مسترفد أرفد، وكان لــعظمــها عندهم يسمّونها كعبة نجران، وكانت على نهر بنجران، وكانت لعبد المسيح بن دارس بن عدي بن معقل، وكان يستغلّ
من ذلك النهر عشرة آلاف دينار وكانت القبّة تستغرقها، ثم كان أول من سكن نجران من بني الحارث بن كعب بن عمرو بن علة بن جلد بن مالك بن أدد بن زيد بن يشجب بن عريب بن زيد ابن كهلان يزيد بن عبد المدان، وذلك أن عبد المسيح زوّجه ابنته دهيمة فولدت له عبد الله بن يزيد ومات عبد الله بن يزيد فانتقل ماله إلى يزيد فكان أول حارثيّ حلّ في نجران، وكان من أمر المباهلة ما ليس ذكره من شرط كتابي ذا وقد ذكرته في غيره، وقد روي عن النبي، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، أنه قال: القرى المحفوظة أربع: مكة والمدينة وإيلياء ونجران، وما من ليلة إلا وينزل على نجران سبعون ألف ملك يسلمون على أصحاب الأخدود ولا يرجعون إليها بعد هذا أبدا، قال أبو عبيد في كتاب الأموال: حدثني يزيد عن حجاج عن ابن الزبير عن جابر قال: قال رسول الله، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، لأخرجنّ اليهود والنصارى عن جزيرة العرب حتى لا أدع فيها إلا مسلما، قال:
فأخرجهم عمر، رضي الله عنه، قال: وإنما أجاز عمر إخراج أهل نجران وهم أهل صلح بحديث روي عن النبي، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، فيهم خاصة عن أبي عبيدة بن الجرّاح، رضي الله عنه، عن النبي، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، أنه كان آخر ما تكلم به أنه قال: أخرجوا اليهود من الحجاز وأخرجوا أهل نجران من جزيرة العرب، وعن سالم بن أبي الجعد قال: جاء أهل نجران إلى عليّ، رضي الله عنه، فقالوا:
شفاعتك بلسانك وكتابتك بيدك، أخرجنا عمر من أرضنا فردّها إلينا صنيعة، فقال: يا ويلكم إن كان عمر رشيد الأمر فلا أغيّر شيئا صنعه! فكان الأعمش يقول: لو كان في نفسه عليه شيء لاغتنم هذا.
ونجران أيضا: موضع على يومين من الكوفة فيما بينها وبين واسط على الطريق، يقال إن نصارى نجران لما أخرجوا سكنوا هذا الموضع وسمّي باسم بلدهم، وقال عبيد الله بن موسى بن جار بن الهذيل الحارثي يرثي عليّ بن أبي طالب ويذكر أنه حمل نعشه في هذا الموضع فقال:
بكيت عليّا جهد عيني فلم أجد ... على الجهد بعد الجهد ما أستزيدها
فما أمسكت مكنون دمعي وما شفت ... حزينا ولا تسلى فيرجى رقودها
وقد حمل النّعش ابن قيس ورهطه ... بنجران والأعيان تبكي شهودها
على خير من يبكى ويفجع فقده، ... ويضربن بالأيدي عليه خدودها
ووفد على النبي، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، وفد نجران وفيهم السيّد واسمه وهب والعاقب واسمه عبد المسيح والأسقف وهو أبو حارثة، وأراد رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلّم، مباهلتهم فامتنعوا وصالحوا النبي، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، فكتب لهم كتابا، فلما ولي أبو بكر، رضي الله عنه، أنفذ ذلك لهم، فلما ولي عمر، رضي الله عنه، أجلاهم واشترى منهم أموالهم، فقال أبو حسّان الزيادي: انتقل أهل نجران إلى قرية تدعى نهر ابان من أرض الهجر المنقطع من كورة البهقباذ من طساسيج الكوفة وكانت هذه القرية من الضواحي وكان كسرى أقطعها امرأة يقال لها ابان وكان زوجها من أوراد المملكة يقال له باني وكان قد احتفر نهر الضيعة لزوجته وسماه نهر ابان ثم ظهر عليها الإسلام وكان أولادها يعملون في تلك الأرض، فلما أجلى عمر، رضي الله عنه، أهل نجران نزلوا
قرية من حمراء ديلم يرتادون موضعا فاجتاز بهم رجل من المجوس يقال له فيروز فرغب في النصرانية فتنصر ثم أتى بهم حتى غلبوا على القرية وأخرجوا أهلها عنها وابتنوا كنيسة دعوها الأكيراح، فشخصوا إلى عمر فتظلّموا منهم فكتب إلى المغيرة في أمرهم فرجع الجواب وقد مات عمر، رضي الله عنه، فانصرف النجرانيون إلى نهر ابان واستقروا به، ثم شخص العجم إلى عثمان، رضي الله عنه، فكتب في أمرهم إلى الوليد بن عتبة فألفوه وقد أخرجه أهل الكوفة فانصرف النجرانيون إلى قريتهم وكثر أهلها وغلبوا عليها.
ونجران أيضا: موضع بالبحرين فيما قيل. ونجران أيضا: موضع بحوران من نواحي دمشق وهي بيعة عظيمة عامرة حسنة مبنية على العمد الرخام منمّقة بالفسيفساء وهو موضع مبارك ينذر له المسلمون والنصارى، ولنذور هذا الموضع قوم يدورون في البلدان ينادون من نذر نذر نجران المبارك، وهم ركاب الخيل، وللسلطان عليهم قطيعة وافرة يؤدّونها إليه في كل عام، وقيل: هي قرية أصحاب الأخدود باليمن، ينسب إليها يزيد بن عبد الله بن أبي يزيد النجراني يكنى أبا عبد الله من أهل دمشق من نجران التي بحوران، روى عن الحسين بن ذكوان والقاسم بن أبي عبد الرحمن ومسحر السكسكي، روى عنه يحيى بن حمزة وسويد ابن عبد العزيز وصدقة بن عبد الله وأيوب بن حسّان وهشام بن الغاز، وقال أبو الفضل المقدسي النجراني:
والنجراني الأول منسوب إلى نجران هجر وفيهم كثرة، قال عبيد الله الفقير إليه: هذا قول فيه نظر فإن نجران هجر مجهول والمنسوب إليه معدوم، وقال أبو الفضل: والثاني نجران اليمن، منهم: عبيد الله ابن العباس بن الربيع النجراني، حدث عن محمد بن إبراهيم البيلماني، روى عنه محمد بن بكر بن خالد النيسابوري ونسبه إلى نجران اليمن وقال: سمعت منه بعرفات، وقال الحازمي: وممن ينسب إلى نجران بشر بن رافع النجراني أبو الأسباط اليماني، حدث عنه حاتم بن إسماعيل وعبد الرزاق، وينسب إلى نجران اليمن أيضا أبو عبد الملك محمد بن عمرو بن حزم الأنصاري يقال له النجراني لأنه ولد بها في حياة رسول الله، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، سنة عشر وولّاه الأنصار أمرهم يوم الحرّة فقتل بها سنة 63، روى عنه ابنه أبو بكر، وقد أكثرت الشعراء من ذكر نجران في أشعارها، قال اعرابيّ:
إن تكونوا قد غبتم وحضرنا، ... ونزلنا أرضا بها الأسواق
واضعا في سراة نجران رحلي، ... ناعما غير أنني مشتاق
وقال عطارد بن قرّان أحد اللصوص وكان قد أخذ وحبس بنجران:
يطول عليّ الليل حتى أملّه ... فأجلس والنهديّ عندي جالس
كلانا به كبلان يرسف فيهما، ... ومستحكم الأقفال أسمر يابس
له حلقات فيه سمر يحبها ال ... عناة كما حبّ الظماء الخوامس
إذا ما ابن صبّاح أرنّت كبوله ... لهنّ على ساقيّ وهنا وساوس
تذكّرت هل لي من حميم يهمّه ... بنجران كبلاي اللذان أمارس
فأما بنو عبد المدان فإنهم ... وإني من خير الحصين ليائس
روى نمر من أهل نجران أنكم ... عبيد العصا لو صبّحتكم فوارس

(سَلَمَ)
فِي أَسْمَاءِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى «السَّلامُ»
قِيلَ مَعْناه سلامتُه مِمَّا يلْحق الخَلق مِنَ العَيب والفَناء.

خدب

1 خَدَبَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. خَدْبٌ, (TA,) He smote him with a sword: (S, K:) or he cut him: (Az:) or he smote him with a sword, cutting the flesh, without cutting the bone: (T, K:) or he smote him on the head, (JK, K, * TA,) and the like, (JK, TA,) with a sword. (JK.) b2: خَدْبٌ signifies also The act of rending, or cutting open, the skin and the flesh together, (JK, S, TA.) with the canine tooth. (JK, TA.) b3: And The act of biting. (K.) You say, خَدَبَتْهُ الحَيَّةُ The serpent bit him. (S.) b4: and The act of lying, or saying what is untrue. (K.) You say, خَدَبَ He lied. (JK, S.) b5: And The act of milking much. (K.) 5 تخدّب He went a middling pace. (As, K.) خَدَبٌ Stupidity; (JK;) i. q. هَوَجٌ [which means the same; or tallness combined with stupidity; &c.]: (S, K:) and [simply] tallness, or length; (S, * K, TA;) as also ↓ خُدْبَةٌ. (TA.) One says, كَانَ بِنَعَامَةَ خَدَبٌ There was, in Na'ámeh, هَوَج [i. e. stupidity, &c.]: (S, TA:) Na'ámeh being the surname of Beyhes, (TA,) who became the subject of a prov. respecting the taking of blood-revenge: (K in art. بهس:) Beyhes El-Fezáree, surnamed En-Na'ámeh, [or simply Na'ámeh,] was one of seven brothers, who were slain [in a case of blood-revenge], except himself; he being left because of his stupidity; for which he became proverbial. (TA in art. بهس.) One says also, فِى لِسَانِهِ [He is long-tongued; lit.] in his tongue is length. (S.) b2: Also The act of making haste. (KL.) خَدِبٌ Cutting; or sharp: (IAar, K:) applied to a sword, and a spear-head, and a dog-tooth. (IAar.) A2: See also أَخْدَبُ, in three places.

خُدْبَةٌ: see خَدَبٌ.

وَقَعُوا فِى وَادِى خَدِبَاتٍ [They fell into the valley of Khadibát]: a prov., applied to a man who falls into perdition; or to one who misses the object of his aim, or pursuit: (As, K: *) see, respecting it, [جَذَبَات, in] art. جذب. (TA.) خَدِبٌّ An old man. (A, K.) Great, big, or bulky; (S, A, K;) applied to a man, (S,) or to an ostrich, &c.; (K;) fem. with ة, applied to a girl: (S:) great, and thick or coarse or rude [in make]: (TA:) big in the sides: (Ham p. 439:) big and strong; applied to an old man: (JK:) a man, and a camel, perfect and strong in make: (A:) a camel strong and hardy (A, K, TA) and big. (TA.) خَادِبَةٌ, (JK, TA,) or شَجَّةٌ خَادِبَةٌ, (TA,) A severe wound breaking the head. (JK, TA.) خَيْدَبٌ, (S, K,) or ↓ خَيْدَبَةٌ, (JK,) A conspicuous road: (JK, S, K:) so says Esh-Sheybánee. (S.) b2: And the latter, A way of acting or conduct: so in the saying, فُلَانٌ عَلَى خَيْدَبَةٍ

صَالِحَةٍ [Such a one is following a good, righteous, or just, way of acting or conduct]. (TA.) b3: Opinion, judgment, or counsel: (K:) so in the saying, تَرَكْتُهُ وَخَيْدَبَتَهُ [I forsook him and his counsel]. (TA.) b4: One's first, or original, affair, concern, or business: (Az, JK, S, K:) so in the saying, أَقْبِلْ عَلَى خَيْدَبَتِكَ [Apply thyself to thy first, or thine original, affair, &c.] (Az, JK, S.) خَيْدَبَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

أَخْدَبُ (S, K) and ↓ خَدِبٌ (JK) and ↓ مُتَخَدِّبٌ (S, K,) applied to a man, (JK, S,) Stupid; (JK;) characterized by هَوَج [i. e. stupidity, or tallness combined with stupidity, &c.]; (S, K;) and [simply] by tallness: (K: [in which أَخْدَبُ is said to be syn. with طَوِيلٌ:]) fem. [of the first], applied to a woman, خَدْبَآءُ: (S:) and the first, one who cannot restrain himself, by reason of stupidity: (TA:) and the same, (K,) or ↓ خَدِبٌ, (JK,) one who goes his own way, at random, or heedlessly, without any certain aim or object, or without consideration, not obeying a guide to the right course, (JK, K, TA,) by reason of ignorance, (JK,) or from boldness. (TA.) b2: Also [the fem.] خَدْبَآMُ, applied to any [she-] animal, That is wont to wound, and kill, and seize its prey and break its neck. (IAar.) And حَرْبَةٌ خَدْبَآءُ and ↓ خَدِبَةٌ [A dart, or javelin,] that inflicts a wide wound. (K.) And طَعْنَةٌ خَدْبَآءُ, (S,) and ضَرْبَةٌ خَدْبَآءُ, (K,) [A thrust, and a blow,] with which the جَوْف [or belly, &c.,] is assaulted: (S, K:) or the former, a wide thrust or wound with a spear or the like: and the latter, a continuous and long act of beating. (TA.) b3: And دِرْعٌ خَدْبَآءُ A coat of mail that is smooth, or pliable, (لَيِّنَةٌ, JK, S, K,) and (so in the JK, but in the K “ or ” ) wide. (JK, K.) مُتَخَدِّبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

حدس

1 حَدَسَ, [aor., app., حَدِسَ and Bٌ,] inf. n. حَدْسٌ, He threw, cast, or shot. (TA.) You say, حَدَسْتُ بِسَهْمٍ I shot an arrow. (S.) And حَدَسْتُهُ بِكَذَا I threw, cast, or shot, at him with such a thing. (A.) A2: Hence, حَدْسُ الظَّنِّ The conjecturing without evidence or proof. (TA.) You say, حَدَسَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K) and حَدُسَ, (K,) inf. n. حَدْسٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) He opined: (S, A, K:) or he formed a confirmed opinion: (Msb:) he formed a surmise, or an opinion; or he spoke conjecturally, or surmising: (S, A, K:) he surmised respecting the meanings of speech or language, (A, K,) and things. (K.) And هُوَ يَحْدِسُ He says a thing according to his opinion. (S, TA.) And بَلَغَنِى عَنْ فُلَانٍ أَمْرٌ وَ أَنَا أَحْدِسُ فِيهِ A thing has been told me of such a one, and I speak of it conjecturally, or surmising. (TA.) and حَدَسْتُ عَلَيْهِ ظَنِّى I formed my opinion of it, not being certain of it; as also نَدَسْتُ. (TA.) and حَدَسَ الكَلَامَ عَلَى عَوَاهِنِهِ He spoke without anything to guide him, and without caution. (TA.) And حَدَسَ الشَّىْءَ He computed by conjecture the quantity, measure, or the like, of the thing. (A.) And قَالَهُ بِالحَدْسِ [generally meaning He said it conjecturally, or surmising: but also meaning] he said it by means of intuition. (A, TA.) [حَدْسٌ is also explained in the A as signifying نَظَرٌ خَافٍ: in the TA نَظَرٌ خَفِىٌّ: both app. meaning An obscure, or an occult, mode of judging of a thing.]

b2: حَدْسٌ is also syn. with قَصْدٌ, (K,) used transitively, (T, K,) [app. signifying The aiming at a thing,] by, or with, whatever thing it be; [app. meaning by any mental operation;] by opinion, or by judgment, or by intelligence or cunning sagacity. (TA.) A3: حَدَسَ فِى الأَرْضِ, (El-Umawee, Msb,) aor. ـِ (El-Umawee, TA,) inf. n. حَدْسٌ, (S,) He went away, (S, Msb, TA,) or journeyed, (TA,) into, or in, or through, the country, or land, without guidance: (S, Msb, TA:) or simply he went away into, or in, the country, or land; as also عَدَسَ. (El-Umawee, TA.) b2: [Hence, app., the phrase حَدَسَ فِى صَدْرِى شَىْءٌ, which seems to mean A thing came at random into my mind. See هَجَسَ.] b3: Also حَدَسَ, inf. n. as above, He went in a right course, or direction: (TA:) or in one regular, uniform, or constant, course: (O, K:) or, accord. to Az, not in one regular, uniform, or constant, course. (TA.) b4: And حَدَسَ فِى السَّيْرِ, (Msb,) inf. n. حَدْسٌ, (K,) He hastened, or was quick, in pace, or in journeying. (Msb, K.) 5 تحدّس الأَخْبَارَ, (S, K,) and عَنِ الأَخْبَارِ, (Az, S, A, K,) He sought to learn the news, or tidings, without others' knowing of him; (Az, S, M, A, K;) as also تندّس عنها, and توّجس: (Az, TA:) or he sought for, or inquired respecting, the news, or tidings, in order to know what others knew not. (A.) حَدَّاسٌ One who opines, or conjectures, much; syn. ظَنَّانٌ. (TA.)