الا

أَلَا [in its primitive acceptation, being composed of the interrogative hemzeh and the negative لا,] denotes an interrogation respecting a negative, as in the saying [of the poet], أَلَا اصْطِبَارَ لِسَلْمَى أَمْ لَهَا جَلَدٌ
إِذَا أُلَاقِى الَّذِى لَاقَاهُ أَمْثَالِى

[Is there not any patience belonging to Selmà, or has she hardiness, when I experience what persons like me have experienced?]: (Mughnee, K:) and when used in this manner, it is put before a nominal proposition only, and governs like the negative لا [when used without the interrogative hemzeh]. (Mughnee.) b2: It also denotes a wish; as in the saying [of the poet], أَلَا عُمْرَ وَلَّى مُسْتَطَاعٌ رُجُوعُهُ
فَيَرْأَبَ مَا أَثْأَتْ يَدُ الغَفَلَاتِ [May there not be a life which has declined whereof the returning is possible, so that it may repair what the hand of negligences hath marred?]; for which reason يرأب is mansoob, because it is the complement of a wish, coupled with فَ: and used in this manner, also, it is put before a nominal proposition only, [ولّى in the verse above being a qualificative, like an epithet,] and it governs like the negative لا [without the interrogative hemzeh], and has no enunciative either expressed or understood. (Mughnee.) b3: It also denotes reproof, or reproach, (T, Mughnee, K,) and disapproval; as in the saying [of the poet], أَلَا ارْعِوَآءَ لِمَنْ وَلَتْ شَبِيْبَتُهُ
وَاذَنَتْ بِمَشِيبٍ بَعْدَهُ هَرَمُ [Is there no self-restraint to him whose youth hath declined, and announced hoariness, after which is to follow decrepitude?]: (Mughnee, K:) and used in this manner, also, it is put before a nominal proposition only, and governs as in the cases mentioned above, (Mughnee,) or before a verb [also], which is always marfooa; as in the phrase أَلَا تَنَدَّمَ عَلَى فِعَالِكَ [Dost not thou repent of thine actions?] and أَلَا تَسْتَحْيِى

مِنْ جِيرَانِكَ [Art not thou ashamed for thyself, or of thyself, with respect to thy neighbours?] and أَلَا تَخَافُ رَبَّكَ [Dost not thou fear thy Lord?]. (T.) b4: It also denotes عَرْضٌ, (T,) or العَرْضُ, and التَّحْضِيضُ, both of which signify the asking, or requiring, a thing; (Mughnee, K; *) but the former means the doing so with gentleness; (Mughnee, K;) and the latter, the doing so with urgency: (Mughnee:) and when used in this manner, [also,] it is said to be composed of لا with the interrogative hemzeh; (TA;) and is put before a verbal proposition only; (Mughnee;) as in the saying [in the Kur xxiv. 22], أَلَا تُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللّٰهُ لَكُمْ [Do not ye, or wherefore do not ye, (see أَمَا,) like that God should forgive you?] (Mughnee, K,) and [in the same, ix. 13,] أَلَاتُقَاتِلُونَ قًوْمًا نَكَثُوا أَيْمَانَهُمْ [Will not ye, or wherefore will not ye, fight a people who have broken their oaths?]; (Mughnee;) or before a mejzoom or marfooa aor. , both of these forms being mentioned on the authority of the Arabs, as in أَلَا تَنْزِلْ تَأْكُلْ and أَلَا تَنْزِلُ تَأْكُلُ [Wilt not thou, or wherefore wilt not thou, alight and eat?]. (Ks, T.) b5: It is also an inceptive particle, (S, Mughnee, K,) of which those who parse show the place but neglect the meaning, (Mughnee,) used to give notice of something about to be said, [like as Now, and why, (by the former of which I think it is generally best rendered when thus used,) are often employed in our language, and like as ἀλλὰ (which is remarkable for its near agreement with it in sound) is often used in Greek,] (S, Mughnee, K,) and importing averment, because it is composed of the interrogative hemzeh and the negative لا which, when thus composed, have this import, (Mughnee, K,) like أَلَمْ, and أَلَيْسَ, because the interrogative particle resembles the particle of negation, and the negation of a negation is an affirmation, (Ham p. 589,) and like أَمَا before an oath: (Z, Mughnee:) [it may therefore be further rendered by our word surely;; for this word (as Dr. Johnson says in his Dictionary) "is often used rather to intend and strengthen the meaning of the sentence, than with any distinct and explicable meaning:"] or it signifies حَقًّا [verily, or truly]: (M voce أَمَا:) it is put before both the [kinds of] propositions, [the nominal and the verbal;] (Mughnee;) as in the saying [in the Kur ii. 12], أَلَا إِنَّهُمْ هُمُ السُّفَهَآءُ [meaning Now surely it is they who are the lightwitted], (Mughnee, K,) and [in the same, xi. 11,] أَلَا يَوْمَ يَأْتِيهِمْ لَيْسَ مَصْرُوفًا عَنْهُمْ [meaning Now surely, on the day of its coming to them, it shall not be averted from them], (Mughnee,) in which يَوْمَ يَأْتِيهِمْ appears to be the object of government of مَصْرُوفًا, which is the enunciative of لَيْسَ whence it has been argued that, as the object of government of the enunciative of ليس precedes that verb, the enunciative itself may precede it: (I 'Ak pp. 74 and 75:) [J says,] you say, أَلَا إِنَّ زَيْدًا خَارِجٌ [Now surely Zeyd is going forth], like as you say, إِعْلَمْ أَنَّ زَيْدًا خَارِجٌ [Know thou that Zeyd is going forth]: (S:) Ks says, أَلَا is used to give notice of what is about to be said, and is followed by a command and a prohibition and an enunciation, as in أَلَا قُمْ [Now stand thou], and أَلَا لَا تَقُمْ [Now stand not thou], and أَلَا إِنَّ زَيْدًا قَدْ قَامَ [Now surely Zeyd has stood, or has just now stood]. (T.) When it is put before the particle [يَا] used to give notice of what is about to be said, it is merely an inceptive, as in the saying. [of the poet], أَلَا يَا اسْلَمِى يَا دَارَ مَىَّ عَلَى البِلَى

[Now be thou free from evil, O abode of Meiyà, during wear and tear]. (AAF, M.) b6: Lth says, sometimes أَلَا is immediately followed by another لا; and he cites the following ex.: فَقَامَ يَذُودُ النَّاسَ عَنَّا بِسَيْفِهِ
يَقُولُ أَلَا لَا مِنْ سَبِيلٍ إِلَى هِنْدِ [Then he began to drive away the people from us, saying, Now is there no way to Hind?]: and one says to a man, "Did such and such things happen?" and he answers, أَلَا لَا [Why no]: he holds الا to be used to give notice of what is about to be said, and لا to be a negative. (T.) أُلَا and الأُلَا, and أُلَآءِ &c.: see art. الى.

أَلَّا is a particle denoting تَحْضِيض; (Msb in art. حض, Mughnee, K;) i. e., when followed by a future, exciting to an action, and seeking or desiring or demanding the performance of it; and when followed by a preterite, reproof for not doing a thing; (Msb ubi suprà;) syn. with هَلَّا; (T, TA;) and peculiar to enunciative verbal propositions, (Mughnee, K,) like the other particles used for the same purpose. (Mughnee.) Yousay, [أَلَّا تَفْعَلُ كَذَا Wherefore wilt not thou do such a thing? and] أَلَّا . فَعَلْتَ كَذَا [Wherefore didst not thou such a thing?] (T, TA,) meaning, (TA,) or as though meaning, (T,) لِمَ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ كَذَا. (T, TA.) A2: It also means أَنْ لَا; the ن being incorporated into the ل, which is written with teshdeed: (T, TA:) in which case, it is not to be confounded with the foregoing particle. (Mughnee.) You say, أَمَرْتُهُ أَلَّا يَفْعَلَ ذَاكَ [I commanded him that he should not do that]; and you may say, أَمَرْتُهُ أَنْ لَا يَفْعَلَ ذَاكَ: it occurs in the old copies of the Kur written in the former manner in some places, and in the latter manner in other places. (T, TA.) In the saying in the Kur [xxvii. 31], أَلَّا تَعْلُوا عَلَىَّ, [which may mean That ye exalt not yourselves against me, or exalt ye not yourselves against me,] it may be a compound of أَنْ governing a mansoob aor. and the negative لَا, or of the explicative أَنْ and the prohibitive لا. (Mughnee.) [It often has لِ prefixed to it, forming the compound لِئَلَّا, which signifies That, or in order that,... not; and may frequently be rendered by lest; as in the Kur ii. 145, لِئَلَّا يَكُونَ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَيْكُمْ حُجَّةٌ That, or in order that, there may not be, or lest there should be, to men, against you, any allegation.]

إِلَّا, [regarded as a simple word,] not to be confounded with the compound of the conditional إِنْ and the negative لَا, (Mughnee at the end of the article on this word,) is used in four manners. (The same in the beginning of the art.) First, (Mughnee,) it is used (as a particle, S, Msb,) to denote exception; [meaning Except, save, or saving; and sometimes but; and sometimes but not; as will be seen below;] (T, S, Msb, Mughnee, K; [in which last it is mentioned in art. ال, and again, as in the S, in the last division of the work;]) and to denote exception, it is used in five manners; after an affirmation, and a negation, and a portion of a sentence devoid of the mention of that from which the exception is made, and when the thing excepted precedes that from which the exception is made, and when these two are disunited in kind, in which last case it has the meaning of لٰكِنَّ [but when the sentence is negative, and but not when the sentence is affirmative]. (S, TA.) You say, قَامَ القَوْمُ إِلَّا زَيْدًا [The people, or company of men, stood, except Zeyd]; i. e., Zeyd was not included in the predicament of the people, or company of men: (Msb:) and it is said in the Kur [ii. 250], (T,) فَشَرِبُوا مِنْهُ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا مِنْهُمْ [And they drank of it, except a few of them]: (T, Mughnee, K:) here قليلا is governed in the accus. case by الّا, (Mughnee, K,) accord. to the most correct opinion: (Mughnee:) accord. to Th, it is so because there is no negation in the beginning of the sentence. (T.) And it is also said in the Kur [iv. 69], (T,) مَا فَعَلُوهُ إِلَّا قَلِيلٌ مِنْهُمْ [They had not done it, or they would not do it, except a few of them]: (T, Mughnee, K:) here قليل is in the nom. case as being a partial substitute, (Mughnee, K,) accord. to the Basrees, (Mughnee,) i. e., as being a [partial] substitute for the [pronoun] و [in فعلوه], for it may here be so without perversion of the meaning, whereas it cannot be so without such perversion when the sentence is affirmative: (TA:) accord. to the Koofees, الّا is a conjunction, like the conjunctive لَا: (Mughnee:) accord. to Th, قليل is here in the nom. case because the sentence commences with a negative: (T:) or in a sentence [like this,] which is not affirmative, in which the thing excepted is united in kind to that from which the exception is made, accord. to the opinion which is generally preferred and which commonly obtains, the noun signifying the thing excepted is a substitute for the noun signifying that from which the exception is made; but it is allowable to put it in the accus. case according to the general rule respecting exception; so that one says, مَا قَامَ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا زَيْدٌ and إِلَّا زَيْدًا [There stood not any one, except Zeyd]: and the same is the case in a prohibitive sentence; as in لَا يَقُمْ أَحَدٌ

إِلَّا زَيْدٌ and إِلَّا زَيْدًا [Let not any one stand, except Zeyd]; and in an interrogative sentence; as in هَلْ قَامَ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا زَيْدٌ and إِلَّا زَيْدًا [Did any one stand, except Zeyd?]; when, in such sentences, the thing excepted is united in kind to that from which the exception is made. (I 'Ak p. 162.) You say also, مَا جَآءَنِى إِلَّا زَيْدٌ [There came not to me any, save Zeyd], without mentioning that from which the exception is made; (TA;) and مَا ضَرَبْتُ إِلَّا زَيْدًا [I beat not any, save Zeyd]; and مَا مَرَرْتُ إِلَّا بِزَيْدٍ

[I passed not by any, save by Zeyd]; (I' Ak p. 164;) the case of the noun signifying the thing excepted being the same as if الّا were not mentioned: (I' Ak ubi suprà, and TA:*) but you may not say, affirmatively, ضَرَبْتُ إِلَّا زَيْدًا, or the like. (I 'Ak ubi suprà.) When the thing excepted precedes that from which the exception is made, if the sentence is affirmative, the noun signifying the former must be in the accus. case; as in قَامَ إِلَّا زَيْدًا القَوْمُ [Except Zeyd, the people, or company of men, stood]: and so, accord. to the usage generally preferred, when the sentence is not affirmative; as in مَاقَامَ إِلَّا زَيْدًا القَوْمُ [Except Zeyd, the people, or company of men, stood not]; but recorded instances allow one's saying also, مَا قَامَ إِلَّا زَيْدٌ القَوْمُ. (I 'Ak p. 163.) When the thing excepted is disunited in kind from that from which the exception is made, if the sentence is affirmative, the noun signifying the former must likewise be in the accus. case; as in قَامَ القَوْمُ إِلَّا حِمَارًا [The people, or company of men, stood, but not an ass], and ضَرَبْتُ القَوْمَ إِلَّا حِمَارًا [I beat the people, but not an ass], &c.: (I' Ak p. 162:) and so, accord. to the generality of the Arabs, when the sentence is negative; as in مَا قَامَ القَوْمُ إِلَّا حِمَارًا [The people stood not, but an ass]; (I' Ak p. 163;) and مَا رَأَيْتُ القَوْمَ إِلَّا حِمَارًا [I saw not the people, but an ass]; الّا being here syn. with لٰكِنَّ; as also in the Kur [xlii. 22], where it is said, لَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا إِلَّا الْمَوَدَةَ فِى القُرْبَى [I ask not of you a recompense for it, but affection in respect of relationship]; (Msb;) and in the same xx. 1 and 2, مَا أَنْزَلْنَا عَلَيْكَ القُرْآنَ لِتَشْقَى إِلَّا تَذْكِرَةً

[We have not sent down unto thee the Kur-án that thou shouldest suffer fatigue, but as an admonition]; (Bd, Jel;) or it is here syn. with بَلْ [which in this case means the same as لكنّ]: (S:) so, too, when the sentence resembles a negative, being prohibitive or interrogative; (I' Ak p. 163, explained in p. 162;) [thus, لَا تَضْرِبِ القَوْمَ

إِلَّا حِمَارًا means Beat not thou the people, but an ass; and] فَلَولَا كَانَتْ قَرْيَةٌ آمَنَتْ فَنَفَعَهَا إِيمَانُهَا إِلَّا قَوْمَ يُونُسَ [in the Kur x. 98] means And wherefore did not any inhabitants of a town believe, before the punishment befell them, and their belief profit them, but the people of Jonas? for these were different from the former. (T.) When إِلَّا is repeated for the purpose of corroboration, it has no effect upon what follows it, except that of corroborating the first exception; as in مَا مَرَرْتُ بِأَحَدٍ إَلَّا زَيْدٍ إِلَّا أَخِيكَ [I passed not by any one, except Zeyd, except thy brother], in which اخيك is a substitute for زيد, for it is as though you said, مَا مَرَرْتُ بِأَحَدٍ إِلَّا زَيْدٍ أَخِيكَ; and as in قَامَ القَوْمُ

إِلَّا زَيْدًا وَ إِلَّا عَمْرًا [The people stood, except Zeyd, and except' Amr], originally إِلَّا زَيْدًا وَ عَمْرًا. When the repetition is not for that purpose, if the sentence is devoid of the mention of that from which the exception is made, you make the governing word [which is the verb] to affect one, whichever you please, of the nouns signifying the things excepted, and put the others in the accus. case, so that you say, مَا قَامَ إِلَّا زَيْدٌ إِلَّا عَمْرًا إِلَّا بَكْرًا [There stood not any, save Zeyd, save' Amr, save Bekr]; but if the sentence is not devoid of the mention of that from which the exception is made, different rules are observed accord. as the things excepted are mentioned before that from which the exception is made or after it: in the former case, all must be put in the accus., whether the sentence be affirmative or not affirmative; as in قَامَ إِلَّا زَيْدًا إِلَّا عَمْرًا إِلَّا بَكْرًا القَوْمُ [Except Zeyd, except' Amr, except Bekr, the people stood], and مَاقَامَ إِلَّا زَيْدًا إِلَّا عَمْرًا إِلَّا بَكْرًا القَوْمُ [Except Zeyd, except' Amr, except Bekr, the people stood not]: in the latter case, when the sentence is affirmative, all must likewise be put in the accus., so that you say, قَامَ القَوْمُ إِلَّا زَيْدًا إِلَّا عَمْرًا إِلَّا بَكْرًا [The people stood, except Zeyd, except' Amr, except Bekr]; but when the sentence is not affirmative, the same rule is observed with respect to one of them as when the exception is not repeated, accord. to the usage generally preferred, or it may be put in the accus., which is rarely done, and the rest must be put in the accus., so that you say, مَا قَامَ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا زَيْدٌ إِلَّا عَمْرًا إِلَّا بَكْرًا [There stood not any one, except Zeyd, except' Amr, except Bekr, accord. to the more approved usage], زيد being a substitute for احد, or you may make the other nouns which remain to be substitutes. (I' Ak pp. 164 — 166.) b2: Secondly, (Mughnee,) it is used as a qualificative, (S, Msb, Mughnee, K,) in the manner of غَيْرُ, (Mughnee, K,) [i. e.] in the place of غَيْرُ, (S,) [i. e.] as syn. with غَيْرُ, (T, Msb,) and سِوَى; (T;) [both meaning the same, i. e. Other than; or not, as used before a subst. or an adjective;] but its primary application is to denote exception, and its use as a qualificative is adventitious; whereas the primary application of غَيْرُ is as a qualificative, and its use to denote exception is adventitious. (S.) It [generally] follows an indeterminate, unrestricted pl.; (Msb;) or an indeterminate pl., or the like thereof, is qualified by it and by that which follows it; (Mughnee, K;) the noun which follows it being put in the same case as that which precedes it. (S.) The following is an ex. of the indeterminate pl.: (Mughnee, K:) لَوْ كَانَ فِيهِمَا آلِهَةٌ إِلَّا اللّٰهُ لَفَسَدَتَا [If there had been in them (namely the heavens and the earth) deities other than God, or not God, assuredly they would have become in a state of disorder, or ruin; occurring in the Kur xxi. 22]; (Fr, T, S, Msb, Mughnee, K;) الّا here meaning سَوِى, (Fr, T,) or غَيْرُ, (Msb, TA,) and الّا اللّه being a qualificative of آلهة. (TA.) and the following is an ex. of the like of an indeterminate pl.: أُنِيخَتْ فَأَلْقَتْ بَلْدَةً فَوْقِ بَلْدَةٍ
قَلِيلٍ بِهَا الأَصْوَاتُ إِلَّا بُغَامُهَا [She (the camel) was made to lie down, and threw her breast upon a tract of ground in which were few sounds other than her broken yearning cry for her young one]; for the determination of الاصوات [by the article ال] is generical: (Mughnee, K:) this verse is by Dhu-r-Rummeh. (S in art. بلد.) The following is an ex. of the like of a pl..: (Mughnee:) it is by Lebeed: (T:) لَوْ كَانَ غَيْرِى سُلَيْمَى اليَوْمَ غَيَّرَهُ
وَقْعُ الحَوَادِثِ إِلَّا الــصَّارِمُ الذَّكَرُ [If it had been other than I, (O) Suleymà, today, the befalling of misfortunes would have altered him; other than the sharp sword diversified with wavy marks or streaks or grain, or of which the edge is of steel and the middle of the broad side of soft iron]. (T, Mughnee. [But in the latter, in the place of اليَوْمَ, I find الدَّهْرَ, i. e. ever.]) What Sb says necessarily implies its not being a condition that the word qualified must be a pl. or the like thereof; for he gives as an ex., لَوْ كَانَ مَعَنَا رَجُلٌ إِلَّ [If there had been with us a man other than Zeyd, we should have been overcome]. (Mughnee.) Another ex. of the same usage of إِلَّا is the following: جَآءَنِى القَوْمُ إِلَّا زَيْدٌ [The people came to me, others than Zeyd, or not Zeyd]. (S.) [And مَ أَنْتُمْ إِلَّا بَشَرٌ مِثْلُنَا Ye are no other than human beings like us. (Kur xxxvi. 14.)] And the saying [in the Kur xliv. 56], لَا يَذُقُونَ فِيهَا الْمَوْتَ إِلَّا المَوْتَةَ الْأُولَى [They shall not taste therein death, other than the first death]; الّا here meaning سِوَى: (T:) or, accord. to some, it here means بَعْدَ [after]. (Jel.) And the saying of 'Amr Ibn-Maadee-kerib, وَ كُلُّ أَخٍ مُفَارِقُهُ أَخُوهُ
لَعَمْرُ أَبِيكَ إِلَا الفَرْقَدَانِ [And every brother, his brother forsakes him, or separates himself from him, by the life of thy father, other than the Farhadán; which is the name of the two stars b and r of Ursa Minor]; as though he said غَيْرُ الفَرْقَدَيْنِ: (S:) but Ibn-El-Hájib regards this instance as a deviation from a general rule; for he makes it a condition of the use of الّا as a qualificative that it must be impossible to use it for the purpose of denoting exception: (Mughnee:) Fr says that this verse has the meaning of a negation, and therefore الّا here governs the nom. case; as though the poet said, There is not any one but his brother forsakes him, except the Farkadán. (T.) When it is used as a qualificative, it differs from غَيْرُ inasmuch as that the noun qualified by it may not be suppressed; so that one may not say, جَآءَنِى إِلَّا زَيْدٌ [meaning There came to me not Zeyd]; whereas one says, جَآئَنِى غَيْرُ زَيْدٍ: and, accord. to some, in this also; that it may not be used as such unless it may be used to denote exception; so that one may say, عِنْدِى

دِرْهَمٌ إِلَّا دَانِقٌ [I have a dirhem, not a dánik], because one may say إِلَّا دَانِقًا [except a dánik]; but not إِلَّا جَيِّدٌ [not a good one], because one may not say إِلَّا جَيِّدًا [except a good one]; but it may be said that this is at variance with what they assert respecting the phrase لَوْ كَانَ فِيهِمَا آلِهَةٌ, and with the ex. given by Sb, and with the saying of Ibn-El-Hájib mentioned above. (Mughnee.) b3: Thirdly, (Mughnee,) sometimes, (S, Msb,) it is used as a conjunction, (Mughnee, K,) in the manner of وَ (S, Mughnee, K,) consociating both literally and as to the meaning, as mentioned by Akh and Fr and AO, (Mughnee,) [i. e.] as syn. with وَ [And]. (Msb.) Thus in the saying, لِئَلاَّ يَكُونَ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَيْكُمْ حُجَةٌ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا [That there may not be to men, against you, any allegation, and (meaning nor) to those who have acted wrongfully]; (Msb, Mughnee, K;) occurring in the Kur [ii. 145]; (Msb;) so accord. to Akh and Fr and AO; (Mughnee;) i. e., and those who have acted wrongfully also, to them there shall not be, against you, any allegation: (Msb:) Fr explains it as meaning that the wrongdoer has no allegation of which account should be taken; and this is correct, and is the opinion held by Zj. (T.) Thus, too, in the saying [in the Kur xxvii.10 and 11], لَا يَخَافُ لَدَىَّ الْمُرْسَلُونَ إِلَّا مَنْ ظَلَمَ ثُمَّ بَدَلَ حُسْنًا بَعْدَ سُوءٍ [The apostles shall not fear in my presence, and neither shall he who hath acted wrongfully, then hath done good instead, after evil; as some explain it; but others say that وَلَا مَنْ ظَلَمَ here denotes exception]. (Mughnee, in which it is explained as meaning ; and K.) And thus in the saying of the poet, [namely, El-Mukhabbal Es-Saadee, (S in art. خلد,)]

وَأَرَى لَهَا دَارًا بِأَغْدِرَة السْ??
سِيدَانِ لَمْ يَدْرُسْ لَهَا رَسْمُ
إِلَّا رَمَادًا هَامِدًا دَفَعَتْ
عَنْهُ الرِّيَاحَ خَوَالِدٌ سُحْمٌ [And I see a dwelling formerly belonging to her, at the pools of Es-Seedán, (a hill so called,) the remains of which have not become effaced, and ashes wasted and compacted together, from which three black pieces of stone whereon the cooking-pot was wont to be placed turned back the winds]: he means, أَرَى لَهَا دَارًا وَ رَمَادًا. (S.) b4: Fourthly, (Mughnee,) it is redundant, as in the following verse, (S in art. فك, Mughnee, K,) of Dhu-rRummeh, (S ubi suprà, Mughnee,) accord. to As and IJ: (Mughnee:) حَرَاجِيجُ مَا تَنْفَكُّ إِلَّا مُنَاخَةٌ
عَلَى الخَسْفِ أَوْ نَرْمِى بِهَا بَلَدًا قَفْرَا [She-camels long-bodied, or lean, (but other meanings are assigned to the word which I thus render,) that cease not to be made to lie down in a state of hunger, or with which we direct our course to a desert region]; (S ubi suprà, Mughnee; [but in one copy of the former, in the place of نَرْمِى, I find يَرْمِى; and in my copy of the latter, تَرْمِى;]) meaning, ما تنفكّ مناخةً: (S ubi suprà:) but it is said that this is a mistake of the poet: (Mughnee:) so says Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà; for, he says, الّا is not to be introduced after تَنْفَكُّ and تَزَالُ: (TA:) and some say that the right reading is إِلًّا, with tenween, [perhaps a mistranscription, for آلًا,] meaning شَخْصًا [in a pl. sense]: and some, that تنفكّ is a complete [or an attributive] verb, and مناخة is a denotative of state; [consequently, that إِلَّا is a compound of إِنْ and لَا, as in some other instances hereafter to be mentioned;] the meaning being, that are not disengaged, or not free, from fatigue [unless when made to lie down]. (Mughnee.) The following is also given as an ex. of the same kind: أَرَى الدَّهْرَ إِلَّا مَنْجَنُونًا بِأَهْلِهِ [I see fortune, or time, to be like a water-wheel, with its people]: but the reading which is remembered to have been heard is وَمَا الدَّهْرُ: and if the former be correct, it may be explained on the supposition that ارى is the complement of an oath meant to be understood, and that لا is suppressed, as in [the saying in the Kur xii. 85,] تَاللّٰهِ تَفْتَأُ تَذْكُرُ يُوسُفَ; [so that the meaning is, I see not fortune, or time, to be aught save a water-wheel, with its people;] the form of the exceptive sentence which is devoid of the mention of that from which the exception is made indicating such an explanation. (Mughnee.) b5: [Fifthly,] it occurs as syn. with لضَا [as a particle denoting exception, equivalent to our But; meaning both except and (after an oath or the like) only, or nothing more than]; as in the saying in the Kur [xxxviii. 13], إِنْ كُلٌّ إِلَّا كَذَّبَ الرُّسُلَ [There was not any one but such as accused the apostles of lying], in which 'Abd-Allah reads, in its place, لَمَّا; and for كُلٌّ he reads كُلُّهُمْ; and as in the saying, أَسْأَلُكَ بِاللّٰهِ إِلَّا أَعْطَيْتَنِى [I ask, or beg, or beseech, thee by God but that thou give me; i. e., I do not ask of thee anything save thy giving me; the preterite here, as in many instances in which it is preceded by لَمَّا (q. v.), not being a preterite in meaning]; for which one says also لَمَّا اعطيتنى. (T.) A2: It is also a particle [or rather a compound of two words] denoting the complement of a condition; originally إِنْ لَا, which form a compound that does not admit of [the pronunciation termed] imáleh, because إِنْ and لَا are particles. (T.) [It signifies, lit., If not.] It is followed by a fut., which it renders mejzoom; [and in this case it may be rendered as above, or by unless;] as in the saying in the Kur [viii. 74], إِلَا تَفْعَلُوهُ تَكُنْ فِتْنَةٌ فِى الأَرْضِ [If ye do it not, or unless ye do it, there will be a weakness of faith and an appearing of unbelief in the earth]. (T.) [In like manner,] in a saying such as the following, [in the Kur ix. 40,] إِلَّا تَنْصُرُوهُ فَقَدْ نَصَرَهُ اللّٰهُ [If ye do not, or will not, aid him, certainly God aided him], it is only a compound of two words, the conditional إِنْ and the negative لَا, and is distinct from إِلَّا of which the usages have been mentioned before, though Ibn-Málik has included it therewith. (Mughnee.) [Often in post-classical works, and perhaps in classical also, but seldom except when it is preceded by a condition with its complement, the verb or verbal proposition which should immediately follow it is suppressed; as in the like of the saying, إِنْ فَعَلْتَ كَذَا عَفَوْتُ عَنْكَ وَ إِلَّا قَتَلْتُكَ If thou do such a thing, I forgive thee, or cancel thine offence; but if thou wilt not do it (i. e., إِلَّا تَفْعَلْهُ,) I kill thee: sometimes also it ends a sentence, by an aposiopesis; the whole of what should follow it being suppressed: and sometimes the complement of the condition which precedes, as well as the verb or verbal proposition which should immediately follow it, is suppressed; so that you say, إِنْ فَعَلْتُ كَذَا وَ إِلَّا قَتَلْتُكَ If thou do such a thing, excellent will it be, or the like, فَنِعِمَّا هُوَ, or the like, being understood,) but if not, I kill thee. Hence,] it sometimes has the meaning of إِمَّا, [signifying Or, denoting an alternative, corresponding to a preceding إِمَّا, which signifies “either,”] as in the saying, إِمَّا أَنْ تُكَلِّمَنِى وَ إِلَّا فَاسْكُتْ [Either do thou speak to me or else (meaning وَ إِلَّا تُكَلِّمَنِى or if thou wilt not speak to me) be silent], i. e., وَ إِمَّا أَنْ تَسْكُتَ. (S.) [It is also followed by أَنْ, as in إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَآءَ اللّٰهُ Unless God should please; in the Kur vi. 111, &c. And by و as a denotative of state, as in لَا تَمُوتُنَّ

إِلَّا وَ أَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ Do not ye die unless ye be Muslims; in the Kur ii. 126 and iii. 97. and sometimes it is preceded by اَللّهُمَّ; for the effect of which, in this case, see art. اله.]

سفط

1 سَفُطَ, aor. ـُ (M, K,) inf. n. سَفَاطَةٌ, (M, TA,) He was, or became, cheerful, happy, or free from straitness, in mind: liberal, bountiful, or munificent. (M, K, TA.) 4 مَاأَسْفَطَ نَفْسَهُ عَنْكَ How pleased, or content, is his mind to give thee up, or relinquish thee! syn. مَا أَطْيَبَهَا. (IAar, K.) 5 تسفّط الخَمْرَ It (a jar) drank up, or absorbed, the greater part of the wine. (K.) 8 اِسْتِفَاطٌ The drinking up entirely [what is in a vessel]; syn. اِشْتِفَافٌ. (K.) سَفَطٌ A thing (M, Mgh, Msb, K) like a جُوَالِق [or sack], (M, K,) or like a قُفَّة [or basket woven of palm-leaves], (K,) in which are stowed perfume and similar things, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) of the apparatus of women: (Mgh, TA:) an Arabic word, well known: (TA:) pl. أَسْفَاطٌ. (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K.) b2: And hence, (tropical:) A casket, or small chest. (Mgh.) It is related that an Arab of the desert, passing by at the burial of Mo-hammad, asked why they had not placed the Apostle of God in a سَفَط of brown aloes-wood encased with gold. (TA.) سَفِيطٌ Cheerful, happy, or free from straitness, in mind: liberal, bountiful, or munificent. (S, M, K.) You say, هُوَسَفِطُ النَّفْسِ He is cheerful, happy, or free from straitness, and liberal, in mind: (TA:) or cheerful, or brisk, to do what is kind or beneficent. (As.) And نَفْسُهُ سَفِيطَةٌ بِكَذَا [His mind is pleased, or content, with such a thing]. (TA.) A2: Vile, or mean, and despised in all his circumstances: (M, K:) a man, (IAar, M, K,) or thing, (IAar, M,) of no estimation. (IAar, M, K.) Thus it has two contr. significations. (K.) b2: What drop from the tree, of green unripe dates. (M, L, K.[المُتَسافِطُ in the CK is a mistake for المُتَسَا قِطُ.]) A3: أَمْوالُهُمْ سَفِيطَةٌ بَيْنَهُمْ Their possessions are mixed among them. (Az, S.) سُفَاطَةٌ The goods, or utensils and furniture, of a house or tent. (IDrd, S, [but wanting in one copy,] M, K.) سَفَّاطٌ A maker of what is called سَفَط. (TA.) إِسْفَنْطٌ, (S, M, K,) so in the handwriting of J, (TA,) and إِسْفِنْطٌ, (M, K,) also written with ص, (As, and K in art. صفط,) Perfumed juice of grapes: (M, L, K:) or wine in which are aromatics: (TA:) or the upper part of wine; (AO, M, K;) the clear part thereof; (AO, TA;) so called because the jars (دِنَان) have drunk up, or absorbed, the greater portion of it, (K, TA,) the clear part remaining; (TA;) or from سَفِيطٌ in the first of the senses assigned to it above: (IAar, K:) or various wines mixed together: (TA:) or it signifies a certain sort of beverage or wine: and is a Persian word, [originally إِسْفَنْدٌ,] arabicized: (S, K:) or, accord. to As, a Greek word, (S, M,) signifying wine: (TA:) if not Arabic, all its letters are radicals: and Sb says that it is a quinqueliteral-radical word, like إِصْطَبْلٌ. (TA.) مُسَفَّطُ الرَّأْسِ A man having a head like a سَفَط. (IAar, K.)

هذ

1 هَذّ, aor. ـُ (S, L,) inf. n. هَذٌّ (S, L, K) and هَذَذٌ (L, K) and هُذَاذٌ, (K, TA,) or هَذَاذٌ, (CK, [which latter is the correct reading, (see هَذَاذَيْكَ,) and, accord. to the JK, is a quasi-inf. n.],) He cut quickly, or cut off quickly; as also ↓ اهتذّ: (S, L, K:) or he cut anything. (K) b2: هَذَّهُ بِالسَّيْفِ, inf. n. هَذٌّ, He cut him, or it, in pieces with the sword. (L,) b3: هَذَّ. aor. ـُ (S, L.) inf. n. هَدٌّ (S, L, K) and هَذَذٌ (L, K) and هُذَاذٌ, (K, TA,) or هَذَاذٌ; (CK [see above];) and ↓ اهتذّ, (K:) (tropical:) He read, or recited, quickly. (S, L, K.) You say, هَدَّ قِرَآءَتَهُ, aor. ـ) inf. n. هَذٌّ, (tropical:) He performed his reading, or re (??) tation, quickly. (Msb.) And هُوَ يَهُذُّ القُرْآنَ (tropical:) He reads, or recites, the Kur-án rapidly and uninterruptedly: (S, A, L:) and in like manner, الحَدِيثَ the narrative; (S, L;) and الشِّعْرَ the poetry. (L.) 8 إِهْتَذَ3َ see 1.

هَذٌّ, or هِذٌّ: see هَذُوذٌ.

هَذُوذٌ (S, L, K) and هَذَّاذٌ (K) and ↓ هَذٌّ, (L, CK,) or ↓ هِذٌّ, (as in some copies of the K, and in the TA,) and ↓ هَذْهَاذٌ and هُذَاهِذٌ, (L, K [the last in the CK هَذَاهِذٌ],) Sharp; quickly cutting: (S, L, K:) the first, which is masc. and fem., and the second, applied to a knife; (S * L;) and the last two, to a (??) هَذَاذَيْكَ, (as As says, S) is said to people when you desire them to refrain, or forbear, or abstain, from a thing; as also هَجَاجَيْكَ; supposing [it to be addressed to] two [persons]; (S, L;) [but it is addressed to one;] meaning Refrain thou! or forbear thou! or abstain thou! (TA, art. هج.) 'Abd-Beni-l-Has-hás says,

إِذَا شُقَّ بُرْدٌ شُقَّ بِالْبردِ مِثْلُهُ هَذَاذَيْكَ حَتَّى لَيْس لِلْبُرْدِ لَابِسُ [When a burd (a kind of garment) is rent, the like thereof is rent with the burd b2: refrain thou b3: so that there is no wearer of the burd, it having been rent so as to fall off: but it seems more proper to render it here, with rending after rending, which is nearly the original signification, as will be presently shown; and, thus rendered, it does not interrupt the sentence]: the women assert that, when, in the act of concubitus, [app., for the first time,] somewhat of the garment of the man is rent, love continues between the pair; but otherwise, that they desert each other. (S, L. [This verse is related with several variations: see another reading of it voce دَوَالَيْكَ, in art. دول.]) b4: ضَرْبًا هَذَاذَيْكَ With a beating, or striking, with cutting after cutting; (L, K;) بَعْدَ هَذٍّ ↓ هَذًّا, (L,) i. e., قَطْعًا بَعْدَ قَطْعٍ: (L, K:) or with a beating, or striking, successively; uninterruptedly; وَلَآءً تِبَاعًا. (JK.) b5: In the saying of the poet,

فَبَاكَرَ مَخْتُومًا عَلَيْهِ سَيَاعُهُ هَذَاذَيْكَ حَتَّى أَنْفَذَ الدَّنَّ أَجْمَعَا [in which, for انفذ, in the L and TA, I substitute انفذ,] AHn says, that it signifies هَذًّ

بَعْدَ هَذٍّ, i. e., شُرْبًا بَعْدَ شُرْبٍ; the poet meaning And he applied himself early to a jar full of wine, [with its mud-plaster sealed upon it, with drinking after drinking, until he exhausted all that was in the jar,] and emptied it. (L.) قَرَبٌ هَذْهَاذٌ (assumed tropical:) A long and difficult night journey to water: (L, K:) or quick. (JK, K.) b2: See هذوذ.

هَذَّاذٌ: see هَذُوذٌ. b2: Also, (assumed tropical:) A camel that outstrips others. (K.)

غدو

1 غَدَا, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. عُدُوٌّ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and غَدْوٌ (M, TA, and so accord. to the CK instead of غُدُوٌّ [which is the only inf. n. commonly known]) and غُدْوَةٌ, (K,) He went, or went away, in the time called غُدْوَة, (Mgh, Msb,) i. e. [the early part of the morning,] the period between the prayer of daybreak and sunrise: this is the primary signification: (Msb:) or i. q. بَكَّرَ [he went forth early in the morning; in the first part of the day; or between the time of the prayer of daybreak and sunrise]; so in the phrase غَدَا عَلَيْهِ [he went forth early in the morning, &c., to him, or it]; (K;) as also ↓ اغتدى: (S, * K:) and ↓ غاداهُ signifies the same as غَدَا عَلَيْهِ; (S;) or the same as بَاكَرَهُ [which is syn. with بَكَّرَ عَلَيْهِ as expl. above; and signifies also, like بَكَّرَ عَلَيْهِ, he hastened to it, or to do it, at any time, morning or evening]: (ISd, K, TA:) الغُدُوُّ is the contr of الرَّوَاحُ [inf. n. of رَاحَ]. (S.) Hence, in the Kur [lxviii. 22], أَنِ اغْدُوا عَلَى حَرْثِكُمْ [Saying, Go ye forth early, &c., to your land's produce]: and the saying of a poet, وَالطَّيْرُ فِى وُكُنَاتِهَا ↓ وَقَدْ أَغْتَدِى

[And sometimes, or often, I go forth early, &c., while the birds are in their nests]. (TA.) b2: Afterwards, by reason of frequency of use, it became employed as meaning He went, or went away, or departed, at any time. (Mgh, * Msb, TA.) Hence the saying, (Mgh, Msb,) of the Prophet, (Msb,) in a trad., (Mgh,) اُغْدُ يَا أُنَيْسُ, (Mgh, Msb,) meaning Depart then, O (??) (Msb.) b3: [Freytag bas erroneously assigned to it another meaning, i. e. “ Nutrivit ” misled by his finding تَغْدُوْ put for تَغْذُو in art. طلى in the CK.] b4: غَدِىَ: see 5.2 غَدَّيْتُهُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَغْدِيَةٌ, (Msb, K,) I fed him with the meal called غَدَآء [q. v.]. (S, * Msb, K.) 3 غَاْدَوَ see 1, first sentence. One says, أَنَا أُعَادِيهِ وَأُرَاوِحُهُ expl. in the first paragraph of art. روح.5 تغدّى [He ate the meal called غَدَآء, q. v.; properly,] he ate in the first part of the day; (S, Msb, * K;) as also ↓ غَدِىَ, (IKtt, K, TA,) inf. n. غَدًا. (TK: but in the TA written غداء.) When it is said to thee, تَغَدَّ [Eat thou the غَدَآء], thou sayest, مَا بِى مِنْ تَغَدٍّ [I have no desire for eating the غَدَآء]; and not مَا بِى غَدَآءٌ, for [the] غَدَآء is the meal itself. (S, Msb. See also 5 in art. عشو.) تَغَدَّى فِى رَمَضَانَ means تَسَحَّرَ [i. e. He ate the meal, or drank the draught of milk, called سَحُور, q. v.]. (TA.) b2: And تَغَدَّتِ الإِبِلُ means The camels pastured in the first part of the day. (AHn, TA.) 8 إِغْتَدَوَ see 1, first and second sentences. [10. استغدى accord. to Freytag is syn. with تَغَدَّى; but for this I do not find any authority.]

غَدٌ, meaning The morrow, the day next after the present day, (Msb,) is originally ↓غَدْوٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the و being elided, (S, Msb,) without any substitution, (S,) and the د being made a letter of declinability. (Msb.) And one says غَدًا meaning [I will do such a thing, &c.,] tomorrow: and بَعْدَ غَدٍ the day after to-morrow. (MA.) See also غَدَاةٌ. b2: And its signification has been extended so that it is applied to a remote time that is expected, (Msb, TA,) and to a near time. (Nh, TA.) b3: It is not used in its complete form except in poetry: (Nh, TA:) Lebeed, (S, TA,) or Dhu-r-Rummeh, (TA,) has thus used it in his saying, وَمَا النَّاسُ إِلَّا كَالدِّيَارِ وَأَهْلُهَا بَلَاقِعُ ↓ بِهَا يَوْمَ حَلُّوهَا وَغَدْوًا [And mankind are no other than the like of dwellings, the occupants thereof being in them daring the day in which they have alighted in them, and to-morrow they are vacant]: (S, TA:) or, accord. to the M, one says, هٰذَا عَدُكَ and ↓ هٰذَا غَدْوُكَ [This is thy morrow]. (TA.) b4: It has no diminutive. (Sb, S, in art. امس.) غَدْوٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in there places.

غَدَاةٌ: see غُدْوَةٌ, in four places: though [properly] fem., and not heard as made mase., it may be made mase. if meant to be understood as signifying the “ first part of the day: ” (IAmb, Msb:) it is originally غَدَوَةٌ, because its pl. is غَدَوَاتٌ. (IHsh, TA.) One says, ↓ آتِيكَ غَدَاةَ غَدٍ

[I will come to thee in the early part of the morning, &c., of to-morrow]. (S, TA.) بِالْغَدَاةِ وَالْعَشِىِّ in the Kur [vi. 52 and xviii. 27] means After the prayer of daybreak and [after] the prayer of [the period of the afternoon called] the عَصْر: or, accord. to some, [it means in the morning and the evening, or rather in the forenoon and the afternoon, for they say that] it denotes constancy of religious service: Ibn-'Ámir and Aboo-'Abd-erRahmán Es-Sulamee read وَالْعَشِىِّ ↓ بِالْغُدْوَةِ; but the former is the common reading; and A 'Obeyd says, we think that they read thus following the handwriting, for it is written in all the copies of the Kur-án with و like الصَّلَوة and الزَّكَوة, and this is not an indication of the reading [which they have adopted], as the و in الصلوة and الزكوة is not pronounced [otherwise than as an] of prolongation except that it requires the fet-hah that follows to be uttered with a somewhat broad sound]. (TA.) b2: هُوَ ابْنُ غَدَاتَيْنِ means He is a son of two days [i. e. he is two days old]. (TA.) b3: The dim. is ↓ غُدَيَّةٌ: (TA:) or this is the dim. of ↓ غُدْوَةٌ: (EM p. 56:) one says, أَرْكَبُ

إِلَيْهِ غُدَيَّةً [I will ride to him, or it, in a short period of an early part of a morning, &c.]: and one says also, ↓ ذَتَيْتُهُ غُدَيَّانَاتٍ [I came to him, or it, in short periods of early parts of mornings, &c.]; an anomalous [pl.] dim. like عُشَيَّانَات; both of which are mentioned by Sb. (TA.) غَدْوَةٌ A journey in the first part of the day: [an inf. n. un. of غَدَا:] opposed to رَوْحَةٌ. (TA.) b2: See also the next paragraph. b3: And see غَدَآءٌ.

غُدْوَةٌ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) and ↓ غَدْوَةٌ, said by MF to be well known, and ↓ غِدْوَةٌ, said by him to be rare, or disapproved, (TA,) The early part of the morning; the first part of the day; (K;) or the period between the time of the prayer of daybreak and sunrise; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ غَدَاةٌ, and ↓ غَدِيَّةٌ, (K, TA,) the last [in the CK غَدْيَةِ, but correctly] a dial. var. of غُدْوَةٌ, like ضَحِيَّةٌ a dial. var. of ضَحْوَةٌ: (IAar, TA:) or ↓ غَدَاةٌ is syn. with ضَحْوَةٌ [meaning the early part of the forenoon, after sunrise; accord. to some, when the sun is yet low; or, accord. to others, when the sun is somewhat high]: (Msb:) [it may therefore be generally rendered morning, before, or after, sunrise:] the pls. are غُدًى, which is pl. of غُدْوَةٌ; (S, Msb, TA;) and غَدَوَاتٌ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) which is pl. of ↓ غَدَاةٌ; (S, Msb, TA;) and ↓ غُدُوٌّ, (K, TA,) which is a pl. of غُدْوَةٌ, formed by rejecting the ة [of the sing.], or, accord. to the M, an anomalous pl. of ↓ غَدَاةٌ, or, as J says, [in the S,] referring to the phrase بِالْغَدُوِّ وَالْآصَالِ, in the Kur [vii. 204 and xiii. 16 and xxiv. 36], بِالغُدُوِّ there means بِالغَدَوَاتِ, and is a verb [i. e. an inf. n.] used to denote the time, as [is طُلُوع] in the saying طُلُوعَ الشَّمْسِ meaning فِى وَقْتِ طُلُوعِ الشمس; (TA;) and غَدِيَّاتٌ, (IAar, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, غَدَياتٌ,]) which is pl. of ↓ غَدِيَّةٌ; (TA;) and غَدَايَا, (K, TA,) which is likewise a pl. of ↓ غَدِيَّةٌ, accord. to IAar, and, if so, regularly formed from غَدَايِوُ, in the same manner as has already been expl. in the case of عَشَايَا [pl. of عَشِيَّةٌ, q. v. voce عَشِىٌّ]; by some said to be a pl. of غُدْوَةٌ, but this has been controverted by IHsh in the Expos. of the “ Kaabeeyeh ” and by its commentator ['AbdEl-Kádir] El-Baghdádee; (TA;) or غَدَايَا is not used except in conjunction with عَشَايَا; (K, TA;) one says, إِنِّى لَآتِيهِ بِالغَدَايَا وَالعَشَايَا [Verily I come to him in the early parts of mornings and in the late parts of evenings], for the purpose of conformity. (S, TA.) Zj says that when غُدْوَة means The بُكْرَة [or early part of the morning, &c.,] of the present day, or of a particular day, it is imperfectly decl.: and AHei says that it is thus accord. to the opinion commonly obtaining, as is also بُكْرَة, each as being a generic proper name, like أُسَامَةُ; and that when you mean to generalize, you say, غُدْوَةٌ وَقْتُ نَشَاطٍ [An early part of a morning is a time of briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness]; and when you mean to particularize, لَأَسِيرَنَّ اللَّيْلَةَ إِلَى غُدْوَةَ [I will assuredly journey to-night until the early part of the morning]: (TA:) [in the latter case also] one says, أَتَيْتُهُ غُدْوَةَ [I came to him in the early part of the morning of this, or of a particular, day]; غدوة being here imperfectly decl. because it is determinate, like سَحَرَ; but it is of those adv. ns. that may be used otherwise than as adv. ns.: you say, سِيرَ عَلَى فَرَسِكَ غُدْوَةَ and غُدْوَةً [i. e. Journeying was performed on thy horse, or mare, in the غُدْوَة of this, or of a particular, day, and in a غُدْوَة,] and غُدْوَةٌ and غُدْوَةٌ [i. e. the journey of the غُدْوَة of this, or of a particular, day, and the journey of a غُدْوَة, was performed (lit. was journeyed) on thy horse, or mare, غُدْوَةُ and غُدْوَةٌ being for. مَسِيرَةُ غُدْوَةَ and مَسِيرَةُ غُدْوَةٍ, like as شَهْرٌ in the Kur xxxiv. 11 is for مَسِيرَةُ شَهْرٍ]; what is with tenween, of these, being indeterminate, and what is without tenween being determinate. (S. [In one of my copies of the S, سِرْ is put in the place of سِيرَ: that the latter is the right is shown by the addition of غُدْوَةُ and غُدْوَةٌ; for each of these must be what is termed نَائِبٌ عَنْ فَاعِلٍ i. e. a substitute for an agent.]) See also غَدَاةٌ, in two places.

غِدْوَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

غَدَوِىٌّ: see غَدِىٌّ. b2: Also Whatever [offspring] is in [any of] the bellies of pregnant animals (AO, K, TA) of camels and of sheep or goats: (AO, TA:) or peculiarly of sheep or goats; (K, TA;) thus in the dial. of the Prophet: (TA:) or it [virtually, in a trad. mentioned in what follows,] means the selling a camel, or other [animal], for what the stallion begets: or the selling a sheep for the offspring begotten by the ram: (K:) in all of which senses غَذِىٌّ and غَذَوِىٌّ are [said to be] syn.: (K in art. غذو:) or غَدَوِىٌّ, (TA,) or غَذَوِىٌّ, or, as some relate a verse of El-Farezdak in which it occurs, غَدَوِىٌّ, (S in art. غذو,) means the selling a thing for the offspring begotten by the ram [or, as appears from what follows, by the stallioncamel] in that year: غَدَوِىٌّ being a rel. n. from غَدٌ: as though they rendered one desirous by saying, “Our camels will bring forth and we will give thee to-morrow (غَدًا): ” (S in art. غذو, and TA:) what is thus termed is forbidden in a trad.: a man used to buy, for a camel or a she-goat or money, what was in the bellies of pregnant animals; and this is a hazardous proceeding, and was therefore forbidden. (Nh, TA.) See also art. غذو. b3: And see عَدَوِيَّةٌ, in art. عدو.

غَدْيَانُ Eating the meal called غَدَآء: (S, K: *) fem. غَدْيَا, of the measure فَعْلَى, applied to a woman; (S;) or غَدْيَآءُ: (so in copies of the K:) they are originally with و [in the place of the ى], on the ground of preference, as is said in the M: and غَدْيَانَةٌ is mentioned by Z, as applied to a woman, coupled with عَشْيَانَةٌ. (TA.) غَدَآءٌ The morning-meal, that is eaten between daybreak and sunrise; i. e. the meal, or repast, of the غُدْوَة; (K;) or of the غَدَاة; (Msb;) the meal, or repast, that is the contr. of the عَشآء: (S:) [it may therefore be rendered breakfast: but it is now commonly applied to dinner, which is eaten soon after the prayer of noon, and which is a lighter repast than the عَشَآء, i. e. supper:] الغدوة [app. ↓ الغَدْوَةُ] as meaning الغَدَآءُ is vulgar: (TA voce عَشْوَةٌ:) the pl. of غَدَآءٌ is أَغْذِيَةٌ. (K.) And The [meal, or the draught of milk, called]

سَحُور is thus termed; because it is to the person fasting the like of what it is to him who is not fasting. (TA.) b2: Also The pasture of camels in the first part of the day. (TA.) غُذُوٌّ: see غُدْوَةٌ.

غَدِىٌّ Of, or relating to, the morrow; the rel. n. from غَدٌ; as also ↓ غَدَوىٌّ; (S, K;) the latter allowable. (S.) b2: See also عَدَويَّةٌ, in art. عدو.

غَدِيَّةٌ: see its syn. غُدْوَةٌ, in three places.

غُدَيَّةٌ: and see غَدَاةٌ, last sentence.

غُدَيَّانَاتٌ: see غَدَاةٌ, last sentence.

الغَادِى The lion: (K, TA:) because he goes forth in the early part of the morning against the prey. (TA.) غَادِيَةٌ A cloud that rises (S, K) in the صَبَاح (S) or in the غُدْوَة (K) [i. e. in the first part of the day]: or a rain of the [period of the morning called] غَدَاة: (K, TA:) thus says Lh: the pl. is غَوَادٍ. (TA.) [See a verse in the Ham p. 429.]

مَغْدًى and ↓ مَغْدَاةٌ [A place to which people go, or to which they return, in the period of the morning called غُدْوَة; opposed to مَرَاحٌ and مَرَاحَةٌ]. b2: [Hence] one says, مَا تَرَكَ فُلَانٌ مِنْ أَبِيهِ مَغْدًى

وَلَا مَرَاحًا, and وَلَا مَرَاحَةً ↓ مَغْدَاةً, expl. in art. روح. (S in art. روح, and K in the present art.) مَغْدَاةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.