الضاد واللام
الضِّئِبل والضِّئُبل الدَّاهِيةُ حكى الأخيرةَ ابنُ جِنِّي والأكْثَرُ ما بدأْنا به قال
(تَلَمَّسُ أَنْ تُبْدي لجارِك ضِئْبِلاً ... وتُلْفَى لَئِيماً للوِعَاءَيْنِ صَامِلاً)
انقضى الرباعي بتمام حرف الضاد
الضِّئِبل والضِّئُبل الدَّاهِيةُ حكى الأخيرةَ ابنُ جِنِّي والأكْثَرُ ما بدأْنا به قال
(تَلَمَّسُ أَنْ تُبْدي لجارِك ضِئْبِلاً ... وتُلْفَى لَئِيماً للوِعَاءَيْنِ صَامِلاً)
انقضى الرباعي بتمام حرف الضاد
(ضل)
ضلا وضلالا وضلالة خَفِي وَغَابَ وَيُقَال ضل الشَّيْء فِي الشَّيْء وَضاع وَتلف وَهلك وَبَطل وَذهب وَيُقَال ضل سَعْيه عمل عملا لم يعد عَلَيْهِ نَفعه أَو ذهب هباء وَيُقَال ضل الْمَيِّت فِي الأَرْض توارى وتلاشى وَزَل عَن الشَّيْء وَلم يهتد إِلَيْهِ وَالنَّاسِي غَابَ عَنهُ حفظه وَالشَّيْء وَعنهُ وَفِيه نَسيَه أَو أنسيه وفقده وَالطَّرِيق لم يهتد إِلَيْهِ وَالشَّيْء فلَانا ذهب عَنهُ فَلم يقدر عَلَيْهِ وَعجز عَنهُ
(ضل) ضللا وضلالة ضل يضل
ضلا وضلالا وضلالة خَفِي وَغَابَ وَيُقَال ضل الشَّيْء فِي الشَّيْء وَضاع وَتلف وَهلك وَبَطل وَذهب وَيُقَال ضل سَعْيه عمل عملا لم يعد عَلَيْهِ نَفعه أَو ذهب هباء وَيُقَال ضل الْمَيِّت فِي الأَرْض توارى وتلاشى وَزَل عَن الشَّيْء وَلم يهتد إِلَيْهِ وَالنَّاسِي غَابَ عَنهُ حفظه وَالشَّيْء وَعنهُ وَفِيه نَسيَه أَو أنسيه وفقده وَالطَّرِيق لم يهتد إِلَيْهِ وَالشَّيْء فلَانا ذهب عَنهُ فَلم يقدر عَلَيْهِ وَعجز عَنهُ
(ضل) ضللا وضلالة ضل يضل
باب الضاد مع اللام ض ل، ل ض يستعملان فقط
ضل: ضَلَّ يَضِلُّ اذا ضاعَ، يقال: ضَلَّ يَضِلُّ ويضل . ومن قال: يضل، قال في الأمر اضْلِلْ، ومن قال: يضل، قال في الأمر: اضْلَلْ. وتقول: ضَلَلْتُ مكاني إذا لم تهتَدِ له: وضلَّ اذا جارَ عن القَصْد. وأضَلَّ بعيرَه إذا أُفْلِتَ فذَهَبَ. ويقال من ضَلَلْتُ: أَضِلُّ، ومن ضَلِلْتُ أَضَلُّ، والضَّلالُ والضَّلالة مصدرانِ، وكلُّ شيءٍ نحوهِ من المــصادر يجوز إِدخالُ الهاء فيها وإِخراجُها في الشِّعْر، وأما في الكلام فيَقُتْصَرَ ُبه على ما جاءتْ به اللغاتُ. ورجلٌ مُضَلّل أي لا يوفَّق لخير، صاحبُ غَواياتٍ وبَطالاتٍ. وفلان صاحب أَضاليلَ، الواحدةُ أُضلُولةٌ، قال:
قد تَمادَى في أضاليلِ الهَوَى
والضُّلْضِلَةُ: كُلُّ حَجَرٍ [قَدْرَ ما] يُقِلّهُ الرجل، أو فوق ذلك (أملَسَ) يكون في بطون الأودية. وليس في باب المُضاعَف كلمة تُشبِهُها. والضِّليِّلُ على بناء سِكِّير: الذي لا يُقلِعُ عن الضلالة، قال رؤبة:
قُلْتُ لزِيرٍ لم تَصلْهُ مَرْيَمُهُ ... ضِليِّلُ أهْواءِ الصِّبا يندمه وماء ضَلَلٌ: يكون تحت الصَّخْرَةِ لا تُصيبُه الشمس. والضّالَّةُ من الابِل: ما يَبقَى بمَضْيَعَةٍ لا يُعرَفُ رَبُّها، الذكَر والأنثَى فيه سَواءٌ، ويُجمَعُ ضَوالَّ. والتَّضلالُ مصدرٌ كالتَّضليل، والضَّلُّ مثلُه.
لض: اللَّضْلاضُ: الدليلُ، ولَضْلَضَتُهُ: التِفاتهُ وتَحَفُّظُهُ، قال:
وبَلَدٍ يَعْيا على اللَّضلاضِ ... (أيَهْمَ َمُغْبَرِّ الفِجاجِ فاضي)
ضل: ضَلَّ يَضِلُّ اذا ضاعَ، يقال: ضَلَّ يَضِلُّ ويضل . ومن قال: يضل، قال في الأمر اضْلِلْ، ومن قال: يضل، قال في الأمر: اضْلَلْ. وتقول: ضَلَلْتُ مكاني إذا لم تهتَدِ له: وضلَّ اذا جارَ عن القَصْد. وأضَلَّ بعيرَه إذا أُفْلِتَ فذَهَبَ. ويقال من ضَلَلْتُ: أَضِلُّ، ومن ضَلِلْتُ أَضَلُّ، والضَّلالُ والضَّلالة مصدرانِ، وكلُّ شيءٍ نحوهِ من المــصادر يجوز إِدخالُ الهاء فيها وإِخراجُها في الشِّعْر، وأما في الكلام فيَقُتْصَرَ ُبه على ما جاءتْ به اللغاتُ. ورجلٌ مُضَلّل أي لا يوفَّق لخير، صاحبُ غَواياتٍ وبَطالاتٍ. وفلان صاحب أَضاليلَ، الواحدةُ أُضلُولةٌ، قال:
قد تَمادَى في أضاليلِ الهَوَى
والضُّلْضِلَةُ: كُلُّ حَجَرٍ [قَدْرَ ما] يُقِلّهُ الرجل، أو فوق ذلك (أملَسَ) يكون في بطون الأودية. وليس في باب المُضاعَف كلمة تُشبِهُها. والضِّليِّلُ على بناء سِكِّير: الذي لا يُقلِعُ عن الضلالة، قال رؤبة:
قُلْتُ لزِيرٍ لم تَصلْهُ مَرْيَمُهُ ... ضِليِّلُ أهْواءِ الصِّبا يندمه وماء ضَلَلٌ: يكون تحت الصَّخْرَةِ لا تُصيبُه الشمس. والضّالَّةُ من الابِل: ما يَبقَى بمَضْيَعَةٍ لا يُعرَفُ رَبُّها، الذكَر والأنثَى فيه سَواءٌ، ويُجمَعُ ضَوالَّ. والتَّضلالُ مصدرٌ كالتَّضليل، والضَّلُّ مثلُه.
لض: اللَّضْلاضُ: الدليلُ، ولَضْلَضَتُهُ: التِفاتهُ وتَحَفُّظُهُ، قال:
وبَلَدٍ يَعْيا على اللَّضلاضِ ... (أيَهْمَ َمُغْبَرِّ الفِجاجِ فاضي)
ضل
الضَّلَالُ: العدولُ عن الطّريق المستقيم، ويضادّه الهداية، قال تعالى: فَمَنِ اهْتَدى فَإِنَّما يَهْتَدِي لِنَفْسِهِ وَمَنْ ضَلَّ فَإِنَّما يَضِلُّ عَلَيْها
[الإسراء/ 15] ، ويقال الضَّلَالُ لكلّ عدولٍ عن المنهج، عمدا كان أو سهوا، يسيرا كان أو كثيرا، فإنّ الطّريق المستقيم الذي هو المرتضى صعب جدا، قال النبيّ صلّى الله عليه وسلم: «استقيموا ولن تُحْصُوا» وقال بعض الحكماء: كوننا مصيبين من وجه وكوننا ضَالِّينَ من وجوه كثيرة، فإنّ الاستقامة والصّواب يجري مجرى المقرطس من المرمى، وما عداه من الجوانب كلّها ضَلَالٌ.
ولما قلنا روي عن بعض الصالحين أنه رأى النبيّ صلّى الله عليه وسلم في منامه فقال: يا رسول الله يروى لنا أنّك قلت: «شيّبتني سورة هود وأخواتها فما الذي شيّبك منها؟ فقال: قوله: فَاسْتَقِمْ كَما أُمِرْتَ» . وإذا كان الضَّلَالُ تركَ الطّريق المستقيم عمدا كان أو سهوا، قليلا كان أو كثيرا، صحّ أن يستعمل لفظ الضَّلَالِ ممّن يكون منه خطأ ما، ولذلك نسب الضَّلَالُ إلى الأنبياء، وإلى الكفّار، وإن كان بين الضَّلَالَيْنِ بون بعيد، ألا ترى أنه قال في النّبي صلّى الله عليه وسلم: وَوَجَدَكَ ضَالًّا فَهَدى
[الضحى/ 7] ، أي: غير مهتد لما سيق إليك من النّبوّة. وقال في يعقوب: إِنَّكَ لَفِي ضَلالِكَ الْقَدِيمِ
[يوسف/ 95] ، وقال أولاده:
إِنَّ أَبانا لَفِي ضَلالٍ مُبِينٍ [يوسف/ 8] ، إشارة إلى شغفه بيوسف وشوقه إليه، وكذلك:
قَدْ شَغَفَها حُبًّا إِنَّا لَنَراها فِي ضَلالٍ مُبِينٍ [يوسف/ 30] ، وقال عن موسى عليه السلام: فَعَلْتُها إِذاً وَأَنَا مِنَ الضَّالِّينَ
[الشعراء/ 20] ، تنبيه أنّ ذلك منه سهو، وقوله: أَنْ تَضِلَّ إِحْداهُما
[البقرة/ 282] ، أي: تنسى، وذلك من النّسيان الموضوع عن الإنسان. والضَّلَالُ من وجه آخر ضربان: ضَلَالٌ في العلوم النّظريّة، كالضَّلَالِ في معرفة الله ووحدانيّته، ومعرفة النّبوّة، ونحوهما المشار إليهما بقوله: وَمَنْ يَكْفُرْ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلالًا بَعِيداً
[النساء/ 136] . وضَلَالٌ في العلوم العمليّة، كمعرفة الأحكام الشّرعيّة التي هي العبادات، والضَّلَالُ البعيدُ إشارةٌ إلى ما هو كفر كقوله على ما تقدّم من قوله: وَمَنْ يَكْفُرْ بِاللَّهِ [النساء/ 136] ، وقوله: إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَصَدُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ قَدْ ضَلُّوا ضَلالًا بَعِيداً
[النساء/ 167] ، وكقوله: فِي الْعَذابِ وَالضَّلالِ الْبَعِيدِ
[سبأ/ 8] ، أي: في عقوبة الضَّلَالِ البعيدِ، وعلى ذلك قوله: إِنْ أَنْتُمْ إِلَّا فِي ضَلالٍ كَبِيرٍ
[الملك/ 9] ، قَدْ ضَلُّوا مِنْ قَبْلُ وَأَضَلُّوا كَثِيراً وَضَلُّوا عَنْ سَواءِ السَّبِيلِ
[المائدة/ 77] ، وقوله: أَإِذا ضَلَلْنا فِي الْأَرْضِ
[السجدة/ 10] ، كناية عن الموت واستحالة البدن. وقوله: وَلَا الضَّالِّينَ
[الفاتحة/ 7] ، فقد قيل: عني بِالضَّالِّينَ النّصارى . وقوله: فِي كِتابٍ لا يَضِلُّ رَبِّي وَلا يَنْسى
[طه/ 52] ، أي: لا يَضِلُّ عن ربّي، ولا يَضِلُّ ربّي عنه: أي: لا يغفله، وقوله: أَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ كَيْدَهُمْ فِي تَضْلِيلٍ
[الفيل/ 2] ، أي: في باطل وإِضْلَالٍ لأنفسهم.
والإِضْلَالُ ضربان: أحدهما: أن يكون سببه الضَّلَالُ، وذلك على وجهين: إمّا بأن يَضِلَّ عنك الشيءُ كقولك: أَضْلَلْتُ البعيرَ، أي: ضَلَّ عنّي، وإمّا أن تحكم بِضَلَالِهِ، والضَّلَالُ في هذين سبب الإِضْلَالِ.
والضّرب الثاني: أن يكون الإِضْلَالُ سببا لِلضَّلَالِ، وهو أن يزيّن للإنسان الباطل ليضلّ كقوله: لَهَمَّتْ طائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ أَنْ يُضِلُّوكَ وَما يُضِلُّونَ إِلَّا أَنْفُسَهُمْ
[النساء/ 113] ، أي يتحرّون أفعالا يقصدون بها أن تَضِلَّ، فلا يحصل من فعلهم ذلك إلّا ما فيه ضَلَالُ أنفسِهِم، وقال عن الشيطان: وَلَأُضِلَّنَّهُمْ وَلَأُمَنِّيَنَّهُمْ
[النساء/ 119] ، وقال في الشّيطان: وَلَقَدْ أَضَلَّ مِنْكُمْ جِبِلًّا كَثِيراً
[يس/ 62] ، وَيُرِيدُ الشَّيْطانُ أَنْ يُضِلَّهُمْ ضَلالًا بَعِيداً
[النساء/ 60] ، وَلا تَتَّبِعِ الْهَوى فَيُضِلَّكَ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
[ص/ 26] ، وإِضْلَالُ اللهِ تعالى للإنسان على أحد وجهين:
أحدهما أن يكون سببُهُ الضَّلَالَ، وهو أن يَضِلَّ الإنسانُ فيحكم الله عليه بذلك في الدّنيا، ويعدل به عن طريق الجنّة إلى النار في الآخرة، وذلك إِضْلَالٌ هو حقٌّ وعدلٌ، فالحكم على الضَّالِّ بضَلَالِهِ والعدول به عن طريق الجنّة إلى النار عدل وحقّ.
والثاني من إِضْلَالِ اللهِ: هو أنّ الله تعالى وضع جبلّة الإنسان على هيئة إذا راعى طريقا، محمودا كان أو مذموما، ألفه واستطابه ولزمه، وتعذّر صرفه وانصرافه عنه، ويصير ذلك كالطّبع الذي يأبى على الناقل، ولذلك قيل: العادة طبع ثان . وهذه القوّة في الإنسان فعل إلهيّ، وإذا كان كذلك- وقد ذكر في غير هذا الموضع أنّ كلّ شيء يكون سببا في وقوع فعل- صحّ نسبة ذلك الفعل إليه، فصحّ أن ينسب ضلال العبد إلى الله من هذا الوجه، فيقال: أَضَلَّهُ اللهُ لا على الوجه الذي يتصوّره الجهلة، ولما قلناه جعل الإِضْلَالَ المنسوب إلى نفسه للكافر والفاسق دون المؤمن، بل نفى عن نفسه إِضْلَالَ المؤمنِ فقال:
وَما كانَ اللَّهُ لِيُضِلَّ قَوْماً بَعْدَ إِذْ هَداهُمْ
[التوبة/ 115] ، فَلَنْ يُضِلَّ أَعْمالَهُمْ سَيَهْدِيهِمْ
[محمد/ 4- 5] ، وقال في الكافر والفاسق: فَتَعْساً لَهُمْ وَأَضَلَّ أَعْمالَهُمْ
[محمد/ 8] ، وما يُضِلُّ بِهِ إِلَّا الْفاسِقِينَ
[البقرة/ 26] ، كَذلِكَ يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ الْكافِرِينَ [غافر/ 74] ، وَيُضِلُّ اللَّهُ الظَّالِمِينَ [إبراهيم/ 27] ، وعلى هذا النّحو تقليب الأفئدة في قوله: وَنُقَلِّبُ أَفْئِدَتَهُمْ [الأنعام/ 110] ، والختم على القلب في قوله: خَتَمَ اللَّهُ عَلى قُلُوبِهِمْ [البقرة/ 7] ، وزيادة المرض في قوله: فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ فَزادَهُمُ اللَّهُ مَرَضاً [البقرة/ 10] .
ضل
1 ضَلَلْتُ, (S, Mgh, * O, Msb, * K,) third Pers\.ضَلَّ, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـِ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. ضَلَالٌ and ضَلَالَةٌ; (S, * O, * Msb;) and ضَلِلْتُ, (S, Mgh, * O, Msb, * K,) third Pers\. as above; (Mgh;) the former of the dial. of Nejd, and the more chaste; the latter of the dial. of the people of El-'Áliyeh, (S, Msb, TA,) and of El-Hijáz, and Kr has mentioned ضِلِلْتُ for ضَلِلْتُ as heard from the tribe of Temeem; (TA;) I erred, strayed, or went astray; (Mgh, Msb;) deviated from the right way or course, or from that which was right; missed, or lost, the right way; or lost my way; ضَلَالٌ and ضَلَالَةٌ signifying the contr. of رَشَادٌ, (S, O, TA,) and هُدًى. (K, TA.) [See ضَلَالٌ below.] Hence, in the Kur [xxxiv. 49], قُلْ إِنْ ضَلَلْتُ فِإِنَّمَا أَضِلُّ عَلَى نَفْسِى [Say thou, If I err, I shall err only against myself, i. e., to my own hurt]. (O, Msb. [See also x. 108 and xvii.16 of the Kur.]) One says also, ضَلَّ ضَلَالُهُ [app. His error became error indeed; a phrase similar to جَدَّ جِدُّهُ, q. v.: or his erring passed away; see 4, latter part]. (TA.) And ضَلَّ عَنِ القَصْدِ He deviated from the right way or course. (TA.) And the verb is trans. as well as intrans.: you say, ضَلَّ الطَّرِيقَ, and ضَلَّ عَنْهُ, aor. ـِ and ضَلَّ, (Mgh, Msb,) inf. ns. as above, meaning He erred, strayed, or went astray, from the road, or way; (Msb;) he did not find the way to the road: (Mgh, Msb:) and of anything stationary, if you miss the place thereof, you say ضَلَلْتُهُ and ضَلِلْتُهُ: (Az, Msb:) or you say, ضَلِلْتُ الطَّرِيقَ, (K,) or ضَلِلْتُ المَسْجِدَ, and الدَّارَ, (ISk, S, O,) [I missed, or lost, the right way to the road, or the mosque, and the house,] when you know not the place thereof: (ISk, S, O:) and in like manner, anything stationary, to which one does not find the way: (ISk, S, O, K:) and AA says the like: but that one says of a thing that falls from his hand, and a thing that quits its place, ↓ أَضْلَلْتُهُ, (IB, TA,) which means I lost it, and knew not its place; meaning, for instance, a horse, or she-camel, or the like: (Az, Msb:) [thus] one says, أَضْلَلْتُ بِعِيرِى [I lost my camel, and knew not his place,] (AA, ISk, S, IB, O) when his shank has been tied up to his arm and one does not find the way to him, and when he has been left loose and has gone away whither one knows not: (AA, IB, TA:) but Yoo differs from others respecting this case; for, accord. to him, one says, اضلّ فُلَانٌ بَعِيرَهُ and also ضَلَّهُ, in the same sense; (O, TA;) and the like is said in the K: (TA:) and it is also said in the Bári' that when you seek an animal and miss its place and find not the way to it, it is regarded as in the category of stationary things, and therefore you say ضَلِلْتُهُ. (Msb.) b2: ضَلَّ signifies also He was, or became, confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course. (Ibn-Es-Seed, TA.) b3: Also, aor. ـِ (S, O, K) and ضَلَّ, (K,) the pret. being like زَلَّ and مَلَّ, (TA,) inf. n. ضَلَال, It (a thing, S, O, TA) became lost; [as though it went astray;] it perished, came to nought, or passed away. (S, O, K, TA.) Thus in the phrase ضَلَّ عَنِّى كَذَا Such a thing became lost from me. (Mgh.) One says to him from whom pieces of money have dropped, قَدْ ضَلَّتْ عَنْكَ [They have become lost from thee]. (TA.) And to him who has done a deed from which no profit has resulted, you say, قَد ضَلَّ سَعْيُكَ (tropical:) [Thy labour has been lost]: the like occurs in the Kur xviii. 104, meaning ضَاعَ. (TA, in two places.) b4: And (tropical:) He (a man, TA) died, and became dust and bones. (K, TA.) In this sense the verb is used in the Kur xxxii. 9: but some there read, in the place of ضَلَلْنَا, صَلِلْنَا [q. v.], with ص: (TA:) or the verb in that instance has the meaning here next following. (S.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) He, or it, (a man, S, TA, or a camel, Msb, and a thing, TA,) was, or became, unperceived or imperceptible, unapparent, latent, hidden or concealed, or absent, (S, Msb, K, TA.) Hence the phrase, ضَلَّ المَآءُ فِى اللَّبَنِ (tropical:) [The water became unperceived, or concealed, in the milk]. (TA.) One says of a road to which he has not been able to find the way, ضَلَّ عَنِّى
[It has become hidden from me]. (K, TA.) and hence also the saying of a man, as is related in a trad., (S, O, TA,) after his having charged his sons by saying to them, “When I die, burn ye me; and when I shall have become ashes, pound me; then scatter me in the water: ” (O, TA:) لَعَلِّى أَضِلُّ اللّٰه (S, O, TA) i. e. (assumed tropical:) May-be, I shall be unperceived by God, or concealed from Him: (S:) or may-be, I shall be hidden, or absent, from God's punishment: (O, TA:) or, as El-'Otbee says, may-be, I shall escape God, and my place will be hidden from Him. (TA.) And ضَلَّ said of one forgetting means (assumed tropical:) His memory became absent from him. (O, Msb, TA.) أَنْ تَضِلَّ إِحْدَاهُمَا, or إِنْ تَضِلَّ, in the Kur [ii. 282], accord. to different readers, (TA,) in which instance أَنْ and إِنْ are syn., (Mughnee, [see أَنْ, in p. 106, cols. 1 and 2,]) means If one of them twain [referring to women] be absent from her memory: or if the memory of one of them twain be absent from her: [or if one of them twain err in her memory:] or, accord. to Zj, the meaning of the verb in this case is that which next follows. (TA.) b6: ضَلِلْتُ الشَّىْءَ also signifies (assumed tropical:) I forgot the thing: whence one says of a woman, ضَلَّتْ أَيَّامَ حَيْضِهَا (assumed tropical:) [She forgot the days of her menstruation]; and so ↓ أَضَلَّتْهَا: (Mgh:) or ضَلَّ فُلَانًا (assumed tropical:) He was made, or caused, to forget such a one. (K. [In the CK, اُنْسِيْهِ is erroneously put for أُنْسِيَهُ.]) It is said that لَا يَضِلُّ رَبِّى, in the Kur xx. 54, means (assumed tropical:) My Lord will not be unmindful: or nothing will escape Him. (TA.) b7: And one says, ضَلَّنِى فُلَانٌ, (Msb, K,) or ضَلَّنِى فُلَانٌ فَلَمْ أَقْدَرْ عَلَيْهِ, (O,) meaning Such a one went away from me, (O, Msb, K,) and I was unable to compass him [or to find him]: so in the Bári'. (Msb.) A2: ضُلَّ, as a verb of wonder: see ضُلٌّ.2 ضلَلهُ, (S, MA, O, K,) inf. n. تَضْلِيلٌ and تَضْلَالٌ, (K,) He, or it, made, or caused, him to pursue a course that led to error, or deviation from the right way: (K: [see also 4:]) he, or it, led him astray; seduced him: (MA:) [or] he attributed, or imputed, to him error, or deviation from the right way. (S, MA, O.) ضُلِّلَ سَعْيُهُمْ, a phrase used by a poet, means Error, or deviation from the right way, was attributed to their labour; because they did not reach their goal. (Ham p. 771.) b2: [Hence,] one says, ضَلِّلْ مَالَكَ Send forth, or set free, thy cattle to pasture, or to pasture where they please, by themselves. (O.) b3: See also the next paragraph.4 اضلّهُ, inf. n. إِضْلَالٌ, He, or it, made him, or caused him, to err, stray, or go astray; to deviate from the right way or course, or from that which was right; to miss, or lose, the right way; or to lose his way. (Az, TA.) [See also 2, first sentence.] الإِضْلَالُ is of two sorts: one of these is the consequence of erring, or straying; either as in the case in which one says أَضْلَلْتُ البَعِيرَ (expl. above, see 1, former half); or the decreeing that one shall err, or stray, &c., because he has done so already, and this is sometimes the case when the إِضْلَال of a man is attributed to God: the other sort is the embellishing [or commending] to a man that which is false, or wrong, or vain, in order that he may err, or stray, &c.: and God's
إِضْلَال of a man is of two sorts; one of which has been expl. above; the other is God's so constituting man that when he observes [and pursues] a certain course, or way, [of acting or the like], whether it be such as is commended or such as is discommended, he habituates himself to it, and esteems it pleasant, and keeps to it, and finds it difficult to turn from it, wherefore it is said that custom is a second nature. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b2: Also He, or it, made, or caused, him, or it, to perish, or become lost; syn. أَهْلَكَهُ, (S, TA,) and أَضَاعَهُ, (El-Fárábee, S, O, Msb,) or ضَيَّعَهُ; (TA;) [اضاعهُ and ضيّعهُ signifying the same; and so اضلّهُ and ↓ ضللّٰهُ; whence,] أَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ كَيْدَهُمْ فِى تَضْلِيلٍ, in the Kur cv. 2, means [Did He not make their plot to be such as ended] in a causing to perish, or become lost, (فِى تَضْيِيعٍ,) and in annulment? (Ksh, Bd.) أَضَلَّ أَعْمَالَهُمْ, in the Kur [xlvii. 1 and 9, which may be rendered (assumed tropical:) He will cause their works to be lost, or to be of no effect], means, accord. to Aboo-Is-hák, He will not recompense them for their good works; the phrase being similar to the saying قَدْ ضَلَّ سَعْيُكَ [expl. above]. (TA.) And أَضَلَّ اللّٰهُ ضَلَالَكَ (assumed tropical:) [May God make thine erring to be no more, or to come to an end,] is expl. by ISk as meaning may thine erring pass away from thee, so that thou shalt not err; and he adds that the saying مَلَّ مَلَالُكَ means ذَهَبَ عَنْكَ حَتَّى لَا تَمَلَّ. (TA.) b3: Also (tropical:) He buried, and hid, or concealed, him, or it. (K, TA.) Yousay, أُضِلَّ المَيِّتُ (tropical:) The dead was buried. (S, O.) The phrase أَضَلَّتْ بِهِ أُمُّهُ, meaning (tropical:) His mother buried him, in a verse cited by IAar, is extr., or anomalous. (TA.) b4: And He found him to be erring, straying, going astray; deviating from the right way or course, or from that which was right; missing, or losing, the right way; losing his way; not rightly directed, or not finding the way to the truth: like as one says أَحْمَدَهُ, and أَبْخَلَهُ. (TA.) b5: And you say, أَضَلَّنِى كَذَا, meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a thing was, or became, beyond my power, or compass. (IAar, Msb, TA.) b6: See also 1, near the end.5 تظلّل It went away: so in the saying, تضلّل المَآءُ مِنْ تَحْتِ الحَجَرِ [The water went away from beneath the stone]. (O, TA.) 6 تضالّ He feigned himself to be erring, straying, going astray; deviating from the right way or course, or from that which was right; missing, or losing, the right way; or losing his way. (O, TA.) 10 استضلّ ضَلَالُهُ His erring demanded that he should err [the more], so that he did err [the more: like as erring is said to be a cause of one's being made to err: see 4: and see also ضَلَّ ضَلَالُهُ, near the beginning of the art.]: so in the saying of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, رَآهَا الفُؤَادُ فَاسْتَضَلَّ ضَلَالُهُ [The heart beheld her, and his erring demanded that he should err &c.]. (Skr, S, TA.) ضَلٌّ: see ضَلَالٌ.
ضُلٌّ: see ضَلَالٌ. b2: [Also, app. as meaning A lost state; a state of perishing, coming to nought, or passing away;] a subst. from ضَلَّ signifying ضَاعَ and هَلَكَ. (S, TA.) b3: And hence [its usage, in the manner of a proper name, in] the saying, هُوَ ضُلُّ بْنُ ضُلٍّ, (S,) which means, (S, O, K,) as also ↓ هُوَ ضِلُّ بْنُ ضِلٍّ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) He is the unknown, the son of the unknown; (S, Z, O, K;) and in like manner, بْنُ التَّلَالِ ↓ الضَّلَالُ; (S, O;) and قُلُّ بْنُ قُلٍّ: (TA:) or he is one in whom is no good: (K:) or he is one who persists in error. (M, K.) b4: [Hence also, perhaps, it is said that]
يَا ضُلَّ مَا تَجْرِى بِهِ العَصَا [in the CK ضَلَّ] meansيَا فَقْدَهُ and يَا تَلَفَهُ [i. e., app., O the loss, or O the coming to nought, of that by reason of which the mare El-'Asà is running!]: (K, TA:) a prov.; said by Kaseer Ibn-Saad to Jedheemeh El-Abrash, when he went with him to Ez-Zebbà; for when they were within her province, he repented, and Kaseer said to him, “Mount this my horse, and escape upon him, for his dust will not be cloven [by the pursuer,” i. e. he will not be overtaken]: (TA: [but the mare is thus made a male:]) or it was said by 'Amr Ibn-'Adee, when he saw El-'Asà, the mare of Jedheemeh, with Kaseer upon her: قَوْمُ is suppressed after يا; and ↓ ضُلَّ is of the forms [of verbs] denoting wonder, originally ضَلُلَ, with damm, like حُبَّ in the phrase حُبَّ بِفُلَانٍ, originally حَبُبَ; and the meaning of the prov. is, O people, what a case of perdition is that by reason of which El-'Asà is running! i. e., the death of Jedheemeh. (Meyd.) b5: ضُلٌّ بِتَضْلَالٍ [in CK ضَلٌّ] means A vain, or futile, thing: (S, O, K:) [or a vain, misleading thing; تَضْلَالٌ being an inf. n. of ضَلَّلَ:] 'Amr Ibn-Shás El-Asadee says, تَذَكَّرْتُ لَيْلَى لَاتَ حِينَ ادِكَارِهَا وَقَدْ حُنِىَ الأَضْلَاعُ ضُلٌّ بِتَضْلَالِ [I remembered Leylà when it was not a time for remembering her, the ribs having become bent by the bending of the back with age: it was a vain, misleading thing]. (S, O.) b6: ضُلُّ أَضْلَالٍ: see ضِلَّةٌ.
هُوَ ضِلُّ بْنُ ضِلٍّ: see ضُلٌّ. b2: ضِلُّ أَضْلَالٍ: see ضِلَّةٌ.
ضَلَّةٌ Confusion, or perplexity, and inability to see the right course: (K:) [or error: for] one says, فَعَلَ ذٰلِكَ ضَلَّةً He did that in error (فِى
ضَلَالَةٍ): and ذَهَبَ ضَلَّةً He went away not knowing whither he went: (TA:) and فُلَانٌ يَلُومُنِى ضَلَّةً
Such a one blames me wrongly: (S, O:) [or, behind my back, or in my absence: for] ضَلَّةٌ signifies also speech respecting a person behind his back, or in his absence; relating to good and to evil. (M, K, TA.) A2: [Freytag explains it as signifying also One in whom is no good, on the authority of Meyd.]
ضُلَّةٌ Skill in guiding, or directing aright, in journeying. (Fr, K, * TA.) ضِلَّةٌ: see ضَلَالٌ. b2: [Hence,] هُوَ ابْنُهُ لِضِلَّةٍ (tropical:) He is his son unlawfully begotten, or not trueborn. (Az, A, K, TA.) b3: ذَهَبَ دَمُهُ ضِلَّةً (tropical:) His blood went unrevenged, or without retaliation. (K, TA.) b4: And هُوَ تِبْعُ ضِلَّةٍ, (Th, O, K, TA,) with kesr to the ت and to the ض, (TA,) [in the CK, erroneously, تَبَعُ,] and تِبْعٌ ضِلَّةٌ, (K, TA,) thus related by IAar, (TA,) but the former only accord. to Th, (TA in art. تبع,) (assumed tropical:) He is a follower of women: (TA in that art.:) or he is one in whom is no good, and with whom is no good: (IAar, Th, TA:) or he is a very cunning man (دَاهِيَةٌ), one in whom is no good; (IAar, O, K, TA;) and so تِبْعُ صِلَّةٍ, (O, L, TA,) as some relate it; (L, TA;) and in like manner, أَضْلَالٍ ↓ ضِلُّ, (Lh, O, K, TA,) and أَضْلَالٍ ↓ ضُلُّ, (K, TA,) and صِلُّ
أَصْلَالٍ, [q. v.,] which is with kesr only, (K, TA,) a phrase similar to ضِرُّ أَضْرَارٍ. (TA in art. ضر.) ضَلَلٌ: see ضَلَالٌ. b2: Also Water (O, K) running (K) beneath a rock, which the sun does not reach: (O, K:) one says مَآءٌ ضَلَلٌ: (O:) or running among trees. (K.) [See also ضَلَلٌ.]
ضَلَالٌ [an inf. n. of 1: used as a simple subst.,] Error; contr. of رَشَادٌ, (S, O, TA,) and of هُدًى; (K, TA;) as also ↓ ضَلَالَةٌ, (S, O, K,) and ↓ ضَلٌّ, and ↓ ضُلٌّ, and ↓ ضِلَّةٌ, and ↓ ضَلَلٌ, and ↓ ضَلْضَلَةٌ, (K,) and ↓ ضُلَضِلَةٌ, (O, TA,) and ↓ أُضْلُولَةٌ, (K,) of which last the pl. is أَضَالِيلُ, (Lth, O, TA,) as in the saying تَمَادَى فِى أَضَالِيلِ الهَوَى [He persevered in the errors of love], (TA,) or أَضَالِيلُ, as some say, has no sing., or its sing. is supposed, or has been heard, and is أُضْلُولَةٌ or أُضْلُولٌ or إِضْلِيلٌ or some other form: (MF, TA:) the primary signification of الضَّلَالُ is the going away from the right course, or direction: (Ham p. 357:) or it signifies, accord. to Ibn-El-Kemál, the loss, or missing, of that which brings, or conducts, to the object sought: or, as some say, the pursuing a way that will not bring, or conduct, to that object: or, accord. to Er-Rághib, the deviating from the right way: and it is said to be any deviation from that which is right, intentional or unintentional, little or much; because the right and approved way is very difficult; wherefore it may be used of him who commits any mistake whatever, and is imputed to prophets and to unbelievers, though between the ضلال of the former and that of the latter is a wide difference: and in another point of view, it is of two sorts; one is in the speculative departments of knowledge, as in acquaintance with the unity of God, and with the prophetic function or office, and the like, indicated in the Kur iv. 135; or it is in the practical departments of knowledge, as in acquaintance with the ordinances of the law, that is, religious services. (TA.) b2: Also A state of perdition: so in the Kur liv. 24: (S, O:) [and in like manner ↓ ضَلَالَةٌ; for] ضَلَالَةُ العَمَلِ signifies The annulled and lost state of work. (TA.) b3: And Absence, or a state of concealment. (Msb. [This is there said to be the primary signification.]) b4: هُوَ الضَّلَالُ بْنُ التَّلَالِ see expl. voce ضُلٌّ.
ضَلُولٌ: see ضَالٌّ.
ضَلَالَةٌ: see ضَلَالٌ, in the beginning, and near the end, of the paragraph. One says, هِىَ الضَّلَالَةُ وَالتَّلَالَةُ; (S, O;) in which the latter noun is an imitative sequent. (S and K in art. تل.) ضِلِّيلٌ A man (S, O) who errs, strays, goes astray, or deviates from the right way or course, much, or often: (S, O, K:) or (tropical:) who errs, &c., much, or often, in religion: (TA:) and ↓ مُضَلَّلٌ, (S, TA,) which in some of the copies of the S is written thus and also مُضَلِّل, (TA,) signifies the same; (S, TA;) or one who is not disposed, or directed, to good; in the K, الّذى لا يُوَفِّى بِخَيْرٍ, [or يُوفِى بخير, as in the CK,] but correctly الّذى
لا يُوَفَّقُ لِخَيْرٍ; or, as some say, a committer of errors, and of false, wrong, or vain, actions: and ضِلِّيلٌ is also expl. as signifying one who will not desist from error. (TA.) Imra-el-Keys was called المَلِكُ الضِّلِّيلُ [The much-erring king], (S, O, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, الضَّلِيلُ,]) and ↓ الملك المُضَلَّلُ. (K.) ضَالٌّ Erring, straying, or going astray; deviating from the right way or course, or from that which is right; missing, or losing, the right way; or losing his way; (S, * Msb, TA;) and ↓ ضَلُولٌ is syn. therewith; (K;) [or rather with ضِلِّيلٌ, accord. to a general rule:] pl. of the former ضُلَّالٌ, [of which see an ex. in a verse cited voce رِسْلٌ,] and ضُالُّونَ: [in the Kur i. last verse,] some read وَلَا الضَّأَلِّينَ, to avoid the concurrence of two quiescent letters. (TA.) You say ضَالٌّ تَالٌّ; (S, O;) in which the latter epithet is an imitative sequent. (S and K in art. تل.) b2: [Also Becoming lost; &c. b3: And Forgetting. It is said that] وَأَنَا مِنَ الضَّالِّينَ [in the Kur xxvi. 19] means (assumed tropical:) I being of those that forgot. (K, TA.) And اِمرَأَةٌ ضَالَّةٌ means (assumed tropical:) A woman forgetting the days of her menstruation. (Mgh.) ضَالَّةٌ an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, (IAth, TA,) A stray; i. e. a beast that has strayed: (S, O, TA:) or a camel remaining in a place where it is lost, without an owner (K, TA) that is known: (TA:) or a lost animal (IAth, Msb, TA) or other thing, whatever it be: (IAth, TA:) applied to the male and to the female, (S, O, Msb, K,) and to two and to a pl. number: (TA;) and it has for its pl. ضَوَالُّ, (Msb, TA,) like دَوَابُّ pl. of دَابَّةٌ. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., ضَالَّةُ المُؤْمِنِ حَرَقُ النَّارِ [expl. in art. حرق]. (TA.) And one says, الحِكْمَةُ ضَالَّةُ المُؤْمِنِ (assumed tropical:) [Wisdom is the object of persevering quest of the believer]; meaning that the believer ceases not to seek wisdom like as a man seeks his stray. (TA.) ضَلَضِلٌ and ↓ ضَلَضِلَةٌ, (As, S,) as though contracted from ضَلَاضِلٌ [and ضَلَاضِلَةٌ], (S,) or أَرْضٌ
↓ ضَلَضِلَةٌ and ضَلَضِلٌ [in the CK ضَلَضَلَةٌ and صَلَضَلٌ] and ↓ ضُلَضِلَةٌ and ↓ ضُلَضِلٌ (K) and ↓ ضُلَاضِلٌ (Lh, K) and ضُلْضُلَةٌ, (IDrd, K,) Rugged land or ground. (As, S, K.) And مَكَانٌ ضَلَضِلٌ, originally ضَلَاضِيلُ, A hard, stony place. (Fr, TA.) b2: Also, (so in the K,) i. e. (TA) ضَلَضِلٌ and ↓ ضَلَضِلَةٌ, accord. to As, (O, TA,) or ↓ ضُلَضِلَةٌ, (S, O, TA,) [said to be] the only instance of its kind among reduplicate words, (S, O, TA, [in which last the same assertion is quoted from the T, app. in relation to the last, or last but one, of these words,]) and, as in the JM, ↓ ضُلْضُلَةٌ, (O, TA,) A stone, (As, S, O,) or stones, (K,) such as a man can lift from the ground and carry: (As, S, O, K:) or, accord. to the T, ضلضلة [thus in the TA, app. ↓ ضَلَضِلَةٌ or ↓ ضُلَضِلَةٌ,] signifies any stone such as a man can lift from the ground and carry, or above that, smooth, found in the interiors of valleys. (TA.) ضُلَضِلٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.
A2: Also, (IAar, O, TA,) in the K, erroneously, صُلَضِلَةٌ, (TA.) and ↓ ضُلَاضِلٌ, A skilful guide of the way. (IAar, O, K, TA.) ضَلْظَلَةٌ: see ضَلَالٌ.
ضُلْضُلَةٌ: see ضَلَضِلٌ, in two places. b2: ضَلَاضِلُ المَآءِ, (O, K,) and صَلَاصِلُهُ, (O,) [said in the O, in this art., to be pls. of which the sings. are ضُلَضِلَةٌ and صُلَصِلَةٌ, but the sings. are correctly ضُلْضُلَةٌ and صُلْصُلَةٌ, (see the latter of these two in its proper art.,)] The remains of water: (O, K:) so says Lh. (O.) ضَلَضِلَةٌ: see ضَلَضِلٌ, in four places.
ضُلَضِلَةٌ: see ضَلَالٌ: b2: and مَضَلَّةٌ: b3: and ضَلَضِلٌ, in three places.
ضُلَاضِلٌ: see ضَلَضِلٌ: A2: and ضُلَضِلٌ.
أُضْلُولَةٌ: see ضَلَالٌ.
وَقَعَ فِى وَادِى تُضُلِّلَ, (Ks, S, O, K, *) like تُخُيِّبَ and تُهُلِّكَ, all imperfectly decl., (S, O,) and تُضَلِّلَ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) and تَضَلِّلَ, with two fet-hahs, and تِضِلِّلِ, with two kesrehs, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, TA,) meaning البَاطِل [i. e. (assumed tropical:) He fell into that which was vain, unreal, nought, futile, or the like, and consequently, into disappointment]: (Ibn-'Abbád, S, O, K, TA:) or, accord. to the A, وَقَعُوا فى وادى تضلّل means (tropical:) They perished. (TA.) طَرِيقٌ مُضِلٌّ A road that causes to go astray, or to deviate from the right course. (TA.) And, accord. to As, مُضِلٌّ signifies A land (أَرْضٌ) in which one loses his way. (TA. [See also the next paragraph.]) [Hence,] فِتْنَةٌ مُضِلَّةٌ means[A trial, or sedition, or discord, &c.,] that causes men to go astray, or to deviate from that which is right. (TA.) And [hence also,] المُضِلُّ meansThe سَرَاب [or mirage]. (TA.) مَضَلَّةٌ a subst. like مَجْبَنَةٌ and مَبْخَلَةٌ [i. e., as such, signifying A cause of erring, straying, going astray, or deviating from the right way or course or from that which is right, &c.]: (TA:) [and used in the manner of an epithet:] one says أَرْضٌ مَضَلَّةٌ A land that causes one to err, &c.: (TA:) or, as also ↓ مَضِلَّةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K, TA, [in the CK مِضَلَّةٌ,]) and ↓ ضُلَضِلَةٌ, (O, K,) a land in which one errs, or strays, from the [right] way; (S, O, Msb, K; *) in which one does not find the right way: and خَرْقٌ مضلّةٌ [A desert, or farextending desert, &c., in which one errs, &c.]: it is used alike as masc. and fem. and pl.: but one says also أَرَضُونَ مضلّاتٌ. (TA.) مَضِلَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.
مُضَلَّلٌ: see ضِلِّيلٌ, in two places.
مُتَضَالٌّ [part. n. of 6, q. v.]. One says, إِنَّكَ تَهْدِى الضَّالَّ وَلَا تَهْدِى المُتَضَالَّ [Verily thou wilt direct aright the erring, &c., but thou wilt not direct aright him who feigns himself to be erring, &c.]. (S, O.)
