نحس

1 نَحِسَ, aor. ـَ (S, A, K;) and نَحُسَ, aor. ـُ (K;) and نَحِسُ, like [its contr.] سُعِدَ; (Bd, xvii. 30;) inf. n. [of the first] نَحَسٌ and [of the second نُحُوسَةٌ; (TA;) He, or it, was, or became, unprosperous, unfortunate, inauspicious, or unlucky: (S, A, K:) said of a man, (A, Bd,) and of a star, (TA,) or other thing. (S, TA.) 4 أَنْحَسَتِ النَّارُ The fire had much نُحَاس, i. e., smoke. (IKtt.) 6 تَنَاْحَسَ see 8.8 انتحس He became overthrown, or subverted; as also ↓ تناحس. And the former is also said of a man's جَدّ [or good fortune]. (A, TA.) نَحْسٌ Unprosperousness, unfortunateness, inauspiciousness, or unluckiness; contr. of سَعْدٌ; (S, A, K;) of stars, and of other things: pl. [of pauc.] أَنْحُسٌ and [of mult.] نُحُوسٌ; (TA;) and مَنَاحِسُ is an irreg. pl. of the same, (TA,) syn. with مَشَائِمُ, (IDrd, K, TA,) which is in like manner an irreg. pl. of شُؤْمٌ. (TA.) [In Har, p. 375, a doubt is expressed respecting مَنَاحِسُ, as to its being a pl. of نَحْسٌ; but only from ignorance of their being any authority for its being so: it may, however, be pl. of مَنْحَسَةٌ, and not of نَحْسٌ.] In the Kur, [liv. 19,] some read, فى يَوْمِ نَحْسٍ [In a day of unprosperousness]: others read نحس as an epithet. (S.) See نَحِسٌ. b2: Also, Difficulty, distress, trouble, or fatigue; harm, injury, or evil state or condition; syn. جَهْدٌ and ضُرٌّ: pl. أَنْحُسٌ. (TA.) نَحِسٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ نَحْسٌ (S, A) and ↓ نَحِيسٌ (TA) and ↓ نَحُوسٌ and ↓ مُنْحُوسٌ (A, TA) Unprosperous, unfortunate, inauspicious, or unlucky. (S, A, K.) You say, رَجُلٌ نَحِسٌ and نَحْسٌ (A) and مَنْحُوسٌ (A, TA) [An unprosperous man]: pl. of the last, مَنَاحِيسُ. (TA.) And يَوْمٌ نَحْسٌ (S, A, TA) [and نَحِسٌ] and نَحُوسٌ (A, TA) and نَحِيسٌ and مَنْحُوسٌ (TA) [An unprosperous day]: and in the pl., أَيَّامٌ نَحْسٌ, [which seems to indicate that نَحْسٌ is originally an inf. n.,] (TA,) and نَحْسَةٌ, and نَحْسَاتٌ, which is pl. of نَحْسَةٌ, (Az, TA,) and نَحِسَةٌ, (K,) and [its pl.] نَحِسَاتٌ, (S, TA,) and نَحِيسَةٌ, (K.) [and app. ↓ نَاحِسَةٌ,] and [its pl.] نَوَاحِسُ. (TA.) In the Kur, [liv. 19,] some read, ↓ فِى يَوْمٍ نَحْسٍ

[In an unprosperous day], as well as فِى يَوْمِ نَحْسٍ: (S, TA:) and AA reads [in the Kur, xli. 15,] فِى أَيَّامٍ نَحْسَاتٍ: and نَحِسَاتٍ is another reading. (TA.) You also say, ↓ عَامٌ نَاحِسٌ and ↓ نَحِيسٌ, meaning, (tropical:) A year of dearth or drought or sterility: (IDrd, K:) so they assert. (IDrd.) and ↓ النَّحْسَانِ is an appellation of The two planets Saturn and Mars: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) like as [the contr.] السَّعْدَانِ is applied to Venus and Mercury. (Ibn-'Abbád.) نَحَاسٌ: see نُحَاسٌ: A2: and نِحَاسٌ.

نُحَاسٌ (S, K, &c.) and ↓ نِحَاسٌ (Fr, K) and ↓ نَحَاسٌ, (K,) the last, (TA,) or all, (K,) on the authority of Abu-l-'Abbás El-Kawáshee, (K,) a word of well-known meaning; (S;) Copper: and brass; syn. قِطْرٌ: (K:) or صُفْرٌ: (Ibn-Buzurj:) or a species of صُفْر intensely red: (TA:) a chaste Arabic word. (TA.) A2: Also, Fire: (IF, K:) and the sparks that fall from brass (صُفْر), or from iron, when it is beaten (AO, K) with the hammer: (TA:) or نُحَاسٌ signifies smoke: so in the Kur, lv. 35: (Fr, Az, Bd, and others; accord. to Az, all the interpreters of the Kur.; and it is wonderful that the author of the K has omitted this signification: TA:) but some say that it is ↓ نِحَاسٌ signifies the smoke of صُفْر; and نُحَاسٌ signifies صُفْر itself: (Ibn-Buzurj:) or the latter signifies smoke in which is no flame: (S, Jel:) or smoke that rises high, and of which the heat is weak, and which is free from flame: (AHn:) or molten صُفْر: (Bd:) and some read نُحُسٌ, which is the pl. (Bd.) A3: See also نِحَاسٌ.

نِحَاسٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ نُحَاسٌ (S, K) and ↓ نَحَاسٌ (K, but excluded by the TA) Nature; natural, or native, disposition or temper or other quality or property: (S, A, K, TA:) and origin: (S, A, TA:) or that to which the origin of a thing reaches. (IAar, K.) You say, فُلَانٌ كَرِيمُ النِّحَاسِ, (S, A,) and ↓ النُّحَاسِ, (S,) Such a one is generous of nature, &c., and origin. (S, A.) A2: See also نُحَاسٌ, in two places.

نَحُوسٌ: see نَحِسٌ, throughout.

نَحِيسٌ: see نَحِسٌ, throughout.

نَحَّاسٌ A worker of copper or brass: a coppersmith.]

نَاحِسٌ: see نَحِسٌ, in two places.

مَنحَسٌ A place of unprosperousness, unfortunateness, inauspiciousness, or unluckiness: pl. مَنَاحِسُ. (Har, p. 374.) مَنْحَسَةٌ [A cause of unprosperousness, unfortunateness, inauspiciousness, or unluckiness: pl., accord. to rule, مَنَاحِسُ]. (A, TA, art. تعس.) مَنْحَوسٌ: see نَحِسٌ, in three places.

مَنَاحِسُ: see نَحْسٌ, مَنْحَسٌ, and مَنْحَسَةٌ.

(ك ل أ) : (كَلَأَ الدَّيْنُ) تَأَخَّرَ كُلُوءًا فَهُوَ كَالِئٌ (وَمِنْهُ) «نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الْكَالِئِ بِالْكَالِئِ» أَيْ النَّسِيئَةِ بِالنَّسِيئَةِ وَهُوَ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَلَى رَجُلٍ دَيْنٌ فَإِذَا حَلَّ أَجَلُهُ اسْتَبَاعَكَ مَا عَلَيْهِ إلَى أَجَلٍ (وَالْكَلَأُ) وَاحِدُ الْأَكْلَاءِ وَهُوَ كُلُّ مَا رَعَتْهُ الدَّوَابُّ مِنْ الرَّطْبِ وَالْيَابِسِ وَذَكَرَ الْحَلْوَائِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - أَنَّ (الْكَلَأَ) مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ سَاقٌ وَمَا قَامَ عَلَى سَاقٍ فَلَيْسَ بِكَلَاءٍ مِثْلُ الْحَاجِ وَالْعَوْسَجُ وَالْغَرْقَدُ مِنْ الشَّجَرِ لَا مِنْ الْكَلَأِ لِأَنَّهُ يَقُومُ عَلَى سَاقٍ قُلْتُ لَمْ أَجِدْ فِي مَا عِنْدِي تَفْصِيلُ مُسَمَّى الْكَلَاءِ إلَّا فِي التَّهْذِيبِ وَقَبْلَ أَنْ أَذْكُرَ ذَلِكَ فَاَلَّذِي قَالُوهُ مُجْمَلًا هُوَ أَنَّهُ اسْمٌ لِمَا تَرْعَاهُ الدَّوَابُّ رَطْبًا كَانَ أَوْ يَابِسًا وَالظَّاهِرُ أَنَّهُ يَقَعُ عَلَى ذِي السَّاقِ وَغَيْرِهِ يَدُلُّ عَلَى هَذَا أَنَّ أَبَا عُبَيْدٍ ذَكَرَ فِي كِتَابِ الْأَمْوَالِ قَوْلَهُ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ - «النَّاسُ شُرَكَاءُ فِي الثَّلَاثِ فِي الْمَاءِ وَالْكَلَإِ وَالنَّارِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ عَقِيبَهُ وَعَنْ قَيْلَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا - أَنَّهَا سَمِعَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَقُولُ «الْمُسْلِمُ أَخُو الْمُسْلِمِ يَسَعُهُمَا الْمَاءُ وَالشَّجَرُ» قَالَ وَفِي حَدِيثِ أَبْيَضَ بْنِ حَمَّالٍ الْمَأْرِبِيِّ
أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَنْ مَا يُحْمَى مِنْ الْأَرَاكِ فَقَالَ «مَا لَمْ تَنَلْهُ أَخْفَافُ الْإِبِلِ» قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ فَلَيْسَ لَهَذَا وَجْهٌ إلَّا أَنَّ ذَلِكَ فِي أَرْضٍ يَمْلِكُهَا وَلَوْلَا الْمِلْكُ مَا كَانَ لَهُ أَنْ يَحْمِيَ شَيْئًا دُونَ النَّاسِ مَا نَالَتْهُ الْإِبِلُ وَمَا لَمْ تَنَلْهُ (قُلْتُ) وَوَجْهُ الِاسْتِدْلَالِ أَنَّهُ ذَكَرَ الشَّجَرَ فِي أَحَدِ الْحَدِيثَيْنِ وَهُوَ فِي الْعُرْفِ مَا لَهُ سَاقُ عُودٍ صُلْبَةٌ وَفِي الثَّانِي ذَكَرَ الْأَرَاكَ وَهُوَ بِالِاتِّفَاقِ مِنْ عِظَامِ شَجَرِ الشَّوْكِ يُتَّخَذُ مِنْ فُرُوعهِ وَعُرُوقِهِ الْمَسَاوِيكُ وَتَرْعَاهُ الْإِبِلُ قَالُوا وَأَطْيَبُ الْأَلْبَانِ أَلْبَانُ الْأَرَاكِ قَالَ الدِّينَوَرِيُّ قَالَ أَبُو زِيَادٍ وَقَدْ يَكُونُ الْأَرَاكُ دَوْحَةً مِحْلَالًا أَيْ يَحِلُّ النَّاسُ تَحْتَهَا لِسَعَتِهَا وَيُقَالُ لِثَمَرِ الْأَرَاكِ الْمَرْدُ وَالْبَرِيرُ وَالْكَبَاثُ قَالَ وَعُنْقُودُ الْبَرِيرِ أَعْظَمُهُ يَمْلَأُ الْكَفَّ وَأَمَّا الْكَبَاثُ فَيَمْلَأُ الْكَفَّيْنِ فَإِذَا الْتَقَمَهُ الْبَعِيرُ فَضَلَ عَنْ لُقْمَتِهِ وَأَظْهَرُ مِنْ هَذَا قَوْله تَعَالَى {هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً لَكُمْ مِنْهُ شَرَابٌ وَمِنْهُ شَجَرٌ فِيهِ تُسِيمُونَ} [النحل: 10] يَعْنِي الشَّجَرَ الَّذِي تَرْعَاهُ الْمَوَاشِي (وَعَنْ) عِكْرِمَةَ لَا تَأْكُلُوا ثَمَنَ الشَّجَرِ فَإِنَّهُ سُحْتٌ قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ يَعْنِي الْكَلَأَ وَاَلَّذِي يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ الْمُرَادَ بِالشَّجَرِ فِي الْآيَةِ الْمَرْعَى قَوْلُهُ {فِيهِ تُسِيمُونَ} [النحل: 10] وَهُوَ مِنْ سَامَتْ الْمَاشِيَةُ إذَا رَعَتْ وَأَسَامَهَا صَاحِبُهَا وَعَنْ النَّضْرِ أَمْرَعَتْ الْأَرْضُ إذَا أَكْلَأَتْ فِي الشَّجَرَ وَالْبَقْلِ قَالَ الْأَزْهَرِيُّ (الْكَلَأُ) يَجْمَعُ النَّصِّيَّ وَالصِّلِّيَانَ وَالْحَلَمَةَ وَالشِّيحَ وَالْعَرْفَجَ قَالَ وَضُرُوبُ الْعُرَى دَاخِلَةٌ فِي الْكَلَأِ قَالَ وَالْعُرْوَةُ مِنْ دِقِّ الشَّجَرِ مَا لَهُ أَصْلٌ بَاقٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ مِثْلُ الْعَرْفَج وَالنَّصِّيِّ وَأَجْنَاسِ الْخُلَّةِ وَالْحِمَّصِ وَعَنْ الْأَصْمَعِيِّ هِيَ مِنْ الشَّجَرِ الَّذِي لَا يَزَالُ بَاقِيًا فِي الْأَرْضِ لَا يَذْهَبُ وَذَكَرَ خُوَاهَرْ زَادَهْ فِي اخْتِلَافِ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى - إذَا بَاعَ الْقَصَبَ فِي الْأَجَمَةِ هَلْ يَجُوزُ بَيْعُهُ قَالَ إنْ كَانَ فِي مِلْكِهِ كَانَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ مَا لَوْ بَاعَ حَشِيشًا أَوْ كَلَأً فِي أَرْضِهِ (ثُمَّ) قَالَ فَإِنْ قِيلَ الْقَصَبُ لَهُ سَاقٌ وَكَانَ
بِمَنْزِلَةِ الشَّجَرِ قُلْنَا الْقَصَبُ لَهُ سَاقٌ إلَّا أَنَّهُ لَا يَبْقَى سَنَةً بَلْ يَيْبَسُ فَكَانَ كَالْكَلَأِ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ وَالشَّجَرُ مَا لَهُ سَاقٌ وَيَبْقَى سَنَةً وَلَا يَيْبَسُ قَالَ هَكَذَا ذَكَرُهُ أَبُو حَلَبَّسٍ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ فِي تَفْسِيرِهِ فِي تَحْدِيدِ الشَّجَرِ (قُلْتُ) وَالْأَوَّلُ أَشْهَرُ وَأَظْهَرُ.

علم: عَلِم وعَلُمَ: وأصبح عالماً (فليشر على المقري 1: 136، بريشت من 176).
عَلِمَ: يستعمل بمعنى شعر، فكما يقال: لم يشعر إلاّ وقدْ، يقال: ما علمت حتىَّ (معجم مسلم).
لم اعلم بنفسي: أغمي عليّ. (ألف ليلة 1: 32).
عَلَّم (بالتشديد): درَّب حيوانا. (معجم البلاذري).
عَلَّم: وصف للشخص طريقة اللعب. يقال مثلاً: علم الشطرنج والنرد بمعنى دبّر لعبة بالشطرنج ولعبة بالنرد. (دي ساسي طرائف 1: 188).
عَلَّم: وضع علامة على، رسم. (بوشر).
ويقال: على شيء علامة أو علم على بمعنى وضع علامة على شيء (كي يعثر عليه ثانية أو يميزه عن غيره) وكذلك: علم موضعاً. (معجم الادريسي، معجم ابن جبير حيث عليك أن تبدل كلمة مُعْلَم بكلمة مُعلَّم).
عَلَّم على: رقّم، وضع أرقاماً على القطع (بوشر).
علَّم على: رسم علامة الموافقة. (فالتون ص42).
عَلَّم السلطان على: وضع توقيعه في ذيل الرسوم، وقّع المرسوم. (محلوك 121: 202).
أَعْلَم: أخبر. ويقال: أعلم إلى فلان (كرتاس ص33).
أعْلَم: كما يقال: أعلم الحائك الثوب أي جعل له عَلَما من طراز وغيره (انظر لين) يقال مجازاً: كان يعلم كلامه نظما ونثرا بالاشارة إلى التاريخ. (الخطيب ص24 ق).
تَعَلَّم: صارت عليه علامة (فوك).
عِلْم: نظري، مقابل عملي بمعنى تطبيق. (المقدمة 3: 309).
العلم (يراد به على الجفر): الكتب التي تتضمن التنبؤ بما يحدث في المستقبل والتكهن به. (أخبار ص61) وانظر تاريخ البربر (2: 167).
العلم الأول: علم المنطق. (المقدمة 3: 309).
عُلُوم: رموز علمية إشارات علمية. (معجم الادريسي).
عَلَم: أخذ علما ب: دوّن أو قيد تذكرة ب. ففي ألف ليلة (13 15) أخذ علماً بثمنها.
عَلَم: علامة في الطريق، وهو شيء منصوب في الطريق يهتدي به. ويكون عادة كوم صَغير من الحجارة. (ليون ص348: ريشاردسن صحارى 1: 292).
عَلَم: بناية مرتفعة، عمارة عالية. (هو جفلايت ص53) ويقال أيضاً: حصِن عَلَم. (أماري ص45).
عَلَم وأعلام: خرائب، بقايا وأثار البنايات والعمارات الخربة المتهدمة. (أخبار ص151) وكثيراً ما تردد ذكرهما في رحلة ابن جبير (ص109، 111).
اسم علَم: اسم خاص يطلق على مسمَّى لا يتجاوزه. (المقري 1: 4. 4، تاريخ البربر 2: 7) ويقال أيضاً عَلَم فقط (تاريخ البربر 2: 7، مراصد الاطلاع 1: 30) غير أن اسم علم يعني أيضاً اسم تخصيص، ففي ابن البيطار (1: 134): البزر حب جميع النبات والجمع بزور، وقد خصَّ به حب الكتان فصار اسماً له علماً.
عَلَم: يستعمل أيضاً بمعنى عنوان كتاب. (المقدمة 2: 184، أبن الأغلب ص80).
عَلم، في مصطلح البلاغة: هو أن يستعمل اسم الشيء الذي يشبَّه به اسم شيء آخر بدل ذكر اسمه، مثال ذلك أن يقال وردة للدلالة على فم فتاة (المقري 2: 406).
عَلَم: خبر، نبأ (بوشر).
عَلَم: قائمة، كشف، جدول، بيان حساب، تذكرة، (بوشر).
عَلَميّ: ما يسّمى أو يلقب به، مستعمل للتسمية. من اسم. (بوشر).
على الباه والعلمي: علناً، على مر أي من الناس ومعرفتهم. (بوشر).
علماني: عالمي، دنيوي لاديني، ليس من رجال الدين (بوشر).
عَلاَم: علامة، إشارة، شاخص. (بوشر).
عَلاَم: مِحزِّة، قطعة خشب يسجل عليه إلا بالحزوز ما يدفع وما يؤخذ. (بوشر).
علام كتاب: دلالة، من اصطلاح مجلدي الكتب وهو شريط يعلق بأعلى كتاب للدلالة على الصفحات التي فيها العبارات التي يود معرفة مكانها.
علام، والجمع علامات: عَلم، راية. وقد وجد لين هذه الكلمة في ديوان الهذليين، وهي كلمة مألوفة في المغرب (وفي المعجم اللاتيني العربي: Vexillum الرايات والعلامات)، (فوك، ألكالا، دوب ص81، تعليق في الجريدة الآسيوية 1869، 2: 183، المقري 2: 711، المقدمة 3: 386، وفي كتاب ابن صاحب الصلاة (ص71 ق): وجعل الرايات والعلامات خلف ركابه.
عَلاَم: ظهر، ظهيرة، ساعة الصلاة وانظر: أعلام.
عَلامة: وجمعها علائم أيضاً: شعار الشرف والنسب (بوشر). وإشارة. أمارة، دلالة (ياقوت 2: 927) وخبر سري، أو شاهد دليل. (ياقوت 2: 30).
عَلاَمة: رقم، سمة بالأرقام لمعرفة ترتيب القطع (بوشر).
عَلاَمَة: طابع، دمغة، وسم على القرطاس (بوشر).
علامة سِلْك: أسلاك نحاسية في معمل القرطاس، وأثار تلك الأسلاك في القرطاس. (بوشر).
عَلاَمة: شاخص، وتد منصوب أو عصا مفروزة للتنسيق، (بوشر).
عَلاَمَة: عنوان محل، لافتة يعلقها التاجر على باب محله. (بوشر).
عَلاَمَة: حاشية، لاحقة، ملحق، توصية في ذيل رسالة، توقيع، تأشيرة. (بوشر، ألكالا). وتستخدم العلامة لتجعل الوثائق التي يصورها السلطان والقاضي وغيرهما صحيحة شرعية. وهذه العلامة تختلف باختلاف الزمان والمكان. فأحيانا يكتب السلطان بيده: صَحَّ هذا، بعد التاريخ.
وأحياناً يكتب الوزير بحروف كبيرة: الحمد لله والشكر لله بين البسملة ونص الوثيقة. وتوجد أيضاً أساليب أخرى (أنظر دي سلان المقدمة 1: 3، 46، تعليقة، النص 2: 55، 56) ومن هذا أطلق على الوزير لقب صاحبه العلامة. (ابن بطوطة 4: 409) (الخطيب ص60).
عَلاَمَة: سمة السلطان على النقود (المقدمة 1: 407).
عَلاَمَة: معيار، ميزان (علامة ظاهرة أو باطنة بها تبين الأشياء والمعاني ونستطيع الحكم عليها).
(رسالة إلى السيد فليشر ص148).
عَلاَمَة: عَلَم، راية. كما ذكر جوليوس وهو مصيب وفي حيان (ص83 ن): وخرج القائد ابن أمية بالعلامة.
علامة: آية، معجزة، أمر خارق للعادة: أعجوبة (الثعالبي لطائف ص93).
عَلاَمَة: ما تعطى المخطوبة عربونا عند الخطبة (مولدة) (محيط المحيط).
عَلاَمَة: هدف. (بوشر).
عَلاَمَة: عرافة، عيافة، تنبؤ، فأل. (بوشر).
عُلَيمّ الريح: دوارة هواء، دوارة دالة على اتجاه الريح. (دوب ص98).
عالَم: ذكر فريتاج في منتخبات عربية (ص146) أن هذه الكلمة ومعناها خلق تستعمل للدلالة على عدد من الناس قلّوا أو كثروا. ويقال مثلاً: عالم عظيم وعالم كثير أي كثير من الخلق وكثير من الناس. (معجم أبي الفداء دي ساسي طرائف ص75، ألف ليلة 1: 43).
العوالم: ما حواه بطن الفلك. (معجم أبي الفداء).
العالم الإنساني: الإنسان بوصفه صورة مصغرة عن العالم. (المقدمة 1: 198).
عالم نفسه: عالم الإنسان الصغير. (المقدمة 1: 169).
عالم البسط: توقع الخير، وعالم القبض: توقع الشر. (بوشر7: 88).
عالم العناصر، وعالم التركيب، عالم الرتق، عالم الفتق. من مصطلحات الصوفية. (انظر المقدمة 3: 69) والعوالم عند الدروز ثلاثة: وهي عالم الجنّ وعالم البن وهو العالم الأخير الذي نحن منه (محيط المحيط في مادة حنن).
عالمِ: عرّاف. ضارب الرمل، زاجر الطير، كاهن، متنبئ بالمستقبل. (باين سميث 1558).
العالم والحمار: رَهَج أصفر، كبريتوز الزرنيخ الأصفر، سمّ الفار. (انظر المستعيني في مادة زرنيخ في مخطوطة ن فقط).
عالَمِة، والجمع عَوالِم: مغنّية، راقصة، عاهرة، (بوشر، لين عادات 1: 249، 2: 72).
عالمّي: زمني، دنيوي. (بوشر)، لاديني علماني، ليس من رجال الدين (أومر، فهرس المخطوطات العربية في مكتبة مونيخ ص229).
عالَمانيِ: علماني، زمني، دنيوي، لاديني، ليس من رجال الدين. (بوشر).
أعلام: ظُهر، وقت الظهيرة. (بوشر) بربرية. وانظر: علام.
تعَلْيِم، والجمع تعاليم: إرشاد، تهذيب، وصية، تأديب. (بوشر).
تَعلْيِميّ: مذهبي، متعلق بمذهب أو عقيدة. (بوشر).
الجسم التعليمي: الجسم الهندسي، المجسّم. الجرم (المقدمة 3: 88).
التعليمية: اسم كان يطلق على الإسماعيلية. (الشهرستاني ص147).
تعليمجي: مُعلِّم: مكان التعلّم، مدرسة. (فريتاج، دي ساسي طرائف 2: 71).
مَعلمَ: مزار. مكان يزار تبركا به وورعاً. ففي العبدري (ص45 ق) في كلامه عن ضريح تفيسة بنت علي بالقاهرة: عليها رباط مقصود. ومعلم مشهود. وفيه (ص59) في تفسيره لكلمة مَنسْكَ: والنسك العبادة واختصَّ في العَرَب بمعالم الحجّ ومتعبَّداته.
مَعْلَم: عِلْم. (فوك).
مَعْلَم: انظر مُعَلّم.
مَعَلَّم: خبير، فطن، لبيب، ماهر. (بوشر).
مُعَلِمّ: صّناع، ماهر، أستاد، أسطة، مدبر العمال. (بوشر، ألكالا).
وهذه الكلمة وهي بالعامية مَعْلَم (الكالا) لقب يطلق على كل رئيس للعمال (نيورب ص39، كاريت قبيل 2: 5960، لين عادات 2: 374، رولاند، كرتاس ص151، المقري 2: 636، ابن بطوطة 4: 288) ويقال كذلك: معلم الإبرَ: صانع الإبر. ومعلم البُتيتات: صانع البراميل.
ومعلّم الأصنام: صانع التماثيل (ألكالا) ويقال أيضاً: معلم الطبخ أو المطْبخة: رئيس المطبخ، والرئيس المسؤول عن المائدة. (ملوك 121: 27، ألكالا). ومعلم الحمام: حمامي، صاحب الحمام. (لين عادات 2: 44، ألف ليلة 1: 409). ومعلم الديوان: رئيس الكمرك. وتدل كلمة معلم وحدها على هذا المعنى (أماري ص197، كريان ص159، مونكونيس ص254) ثم أن هذه الكلمة تستعمل وحدها لتعني رئيس البنائين، أسطه. (شيرب ديال ص32، شوا: 300)، ولتعني الحدّاد. (بارت 5: 693)، ولتعني الكاتب (ويرن ص43، 51)، ولتعني جابي الضرائب من القرية (لين عادات 2: 374). وهِي عادة لقب يطلق على كل فرد من الطبقة المتوسطة لا يعمل بيده خلافا للعامل أو الفلاح كالسجان مثلاً. ففي رياض النفوس (ص97): المعلم نَصرْ يطلبك قال ومَنْ نَصرْ قال السجان.
معلم اعتراف: مرشد، معَرف (بوشر).
معلم ذمَّة: مرشد، من يعني بذمة شخص وضميره. (بوشر).
مُعَلّمِي: مختص بمعلّم، متقن، محكم، كامل (بوشر).
مُعَلَمِيَّة: صفة المعلّم، مخدومية، صناعة متقنة (ألكالا) = صناعة، وهي في معجم ألكالا: مَعْلَمية (بوشر).
مُعَلميَّة: طرفه رائعة، تحفة. (بوشر).
مَعْلُوم. معلومك أن: تعلم أن. ومعلومك ما انبسط من هذا: تعلم جيداً إنه لم يكن منبسط ومسرور من هذا. (بوشر).
مَعْلُوم: هي أحياناً مرادف مشهور ومحمود.
ويقال: مشهور معلوم ومحمود معلوم. (معجم الإدريسي).
معْلُوم: محدّد، معّين. يقال مثلاً: مبلغ معلوم أي مبلغ مّحدد ومعينّ. (بوشر، المقري): 134، 135، 2: 767، 812، تاريخ البربر 1: 614، 617، أماري ص443).
مَعُلوم. شهادة مزورة. ففي كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص294): وجميع الشهادات الواقعة فيه معلومة لم يُرد الله بشيء منها.
مَعْلُوم: مكافأة: ما يعطي للأطباء وغيرهم من أجر. (بوشر، محيط المحيط وفيه الجمع معاليم أماري دبلوماسية ص197) معلوم الكُتَّاب: مبلغ محدّد معيَّن يدفع في كل سنة لتعليم الطفل. (بوشر).
مَعْلُوم: راتب، مرتَّب، معاش، جامكية، مالقيَّة. (ابن خلكان 9: 70 والجمع معاليم (مملوك 2، 2: 88) وانظر معاليم في معجم فريتاج.
مَعْلَوم: وسيلة العيش. (ابن البطوطة 4: 23).
مُعْلوم: وسيلة العيش. (ابن بطوطة 4: 23).
مُعْلُوم: قسط دين يدفع في أوقات معينة، ضريبة. يقال مثلاً: عليه معلوم سنوي إلى أي عليه قسط دين يدفعه في كل سنة إلى. (بوشر).
مَعْلُوم: تكَسْ، رسم الدخول، ضريبة، خرج وعمولة، مبلغ مقبرض أولاً أجرة العمالة. (بوشر).
معلوم الديوان: ضريبة الكمرك. (بوشر).
معلوم السجان: أجرة السجان. (بوشر).
معلوم العيار: رسم العيار. (بوشر).
معلوم الكيل: رسم مساحة الأرض. (بوشر).
المَعْلُومِيَّة: فرقة من الخوارج العجاردة وهم كالحازمية إلا أن المؤمن عندهم من عرف الله بجميع صفاته وأسمائه، ومن لم يعرفه كذلك فهو جاهل لا مؤمن. (محيط المحيط) مُتَّعلَم: تلميذ، مبتدي. (ألكالا) وفيه: Comensal = تلميذ، (ابن بطوطة 4: 288، 29).
مُتعَلّم: خادم، أجير. (جاكسون ص192).
مُتَعَلّم: متعالم. متظاهر بالعلم. (الجريدة الآسيوية 1853،: 266).

علم

1 عَلِمَهُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عِلْمٌ, He knew it; or he was, or became, acquainted with it; syn. عَرَفَهُ: (S, K:) or he knew it (عَرَفَهُ) truly, or certainly: (B, TA:) by what is said above, and by what is afterwards said in the K, العِلْمُ and المَعْرِفَةُ and الشُّعُورُ are made to have one meaning; and this is nearly what is said by most of the lexicologists: but most of the critics discriminate every one of these from the others; and العِلْمُ, accord. to them, denotes the highest quality, because it is that which they allow to be an attribute of God; whereas they did not say [that He is] عَارِفٌ, in the most correct language, nor شَاعِرٌ: (TA:) [respecting other differences between العِلْم and المَعْرِفَة, the former of which is more general in signification than the latter, see the first paragraph of art. عرف: much might be added to what is there stated on that subject, and in explanation of العِلْم, from the TA, but not without controversy:] or عَلِمَ signifies تَيَقَّنَ [i. e. he knew a thing, intuitively, and inferentially, as expl. in the Msb in art. يقن]; العِلْمُ being syn. with اليَقِينُ; but it occurs with the meaning of الَمَعْرِفَةُ, like as المَعْرِفَةُ occurs with the meaning of العلْمُ, each being made to import the meaning of the other because each is preceded by ignorance [when not attributed to God]: Zuheyr says, [in his Mo'allakah,] وَأَعْلَمُ عِلْمَ اليَوْمِ وَالْأَمْسِ قَبْلَهُ وَلٰكِنِّنِى عَنْ عِلْمِ مَا فِى غَدٍ عَمِ meaning وَأَعْرِفُ [i. e. And I know the knowledge of the present day, and of yesterday before it; but to the knowledge of what will be to-morrow I am blind]: and it is said in the Kur [viii. 62], لَا تَعْلَمُونَهُمْ اَللّٰهُ يَعْلَمُهُمْ, meaning لَا تَعْرِفُونَهُمْ اَللّٰهُ يَعْرِفُهُمْ [i. e. Ye know them not, but God knoweth them]; المَعْرِفَة being attributed to God because it is one of the two kinds of عِلْم, [the intuitive and the inferential,] and the discrimination between them is conventional, on account of their different dependencies, though He is declared to be free from the imputation of antecedent ignorance and from acquisition [of knowledge], for He knows what has been and what will be and how that which will not be would be if it were, his عِلْم being an eternal and essential attribute: when عَلِمَ denotes اليَقِين, it [sometimes] has two objective complements; but as syn. with عَرَفَ, it has a single objective complement: (Msb:) it has two objective complements in the saying, in the Kur [lx. 10], فَإِنْ عَلِمْتُمُوهُنَّ مُؤْمِنَاتٍ [and if ye know them to be believers]; and [in like manner] they allowed one's saying عَلِمْتُنِى [meaning I knew myself to be], like as they said رَأَيْتُنِى and حَسِبْتُنِى &c.: (TA:) and sometimes it imports the meaning of شَعَرَ, and is therefore followed by بِ: (Msb:) [thus] عَلِمَ بِهِ signifies شَعَرَ or شَعُرَ (accord. to different copies of the K) [i. e. He knew it; as meaning he knew, or had knowledge, of it; was cognizant of it; or understood it: or he knew the minute particulars of it: or he perceived it by means of any of the senses: and sometimes this means he became informed, or apprised, of it: and sometimes, he was, or became, knowing in it]: or in this case, [as meaning شَعَرْتُ بِهِ,] you say, عَلِمْتُهُ and عَلِمْتُ بِهِ [I knew it; &c.]: (Msb:) and one says, مَا عَلِمْتُ بِخَبَرِ قُدُومِهِ, meaning مَا شَعَرْتُ [I knew not, &c., the tidings of his coming, or arrival]. (TA.) ↓ اعتلمهُ, also, signifies عَلِمَهُ [He knew it; &c.]. (K.) And one says ↓ تَعَلَّمْ in the place of اِعْلَمْ [Know thou; &c.]: ISk says, تَعَلَّمْتُ أَنَّ فُلَانًا خَارِجٌ is a phrase used in the place of عَلِمْتُ [as meaning I knew, or, emphatically, I know, that such a one was, or is, going forth]; adding, [however,] when it is said to thee, اِعْلَمْ أَنَّ زَيْدًا خَارِجٌ [Know thou that Zeyd is going forth], thou sayest قَدْ عَلِمْتُ [lit. I have known, meaning I do know]; but when it is said, تَعَلَّمْ أَنَّ زَيْدًا خَارِجٌ, thou dost not say, قَدْ تَعَلَّمْتُ; (S:) accord. to IB, these two verbs are not used as syn. except in the imperative forms: (TA:) [or] عَلِمَ الأَمْرَ and ↓ تَعَلَّمَهُ are syn. as signifying أَتْقَنَهُ [app. meaning he knew, or learned, the case, or affair, soundly, thoroughly, or well: see art. تقن: but I think it not improbable, though I do not find it in any copy of the K, that the right reading may be أَيْقَنَهُ, which is syn. with تَيَقَّنَهُ; an explanation of عَلِمَ in the Msb, as mentioned above, being تَيَقَّنَ]. (K, TA.) And الجَمِيعُ ↓ تعالمهُ meansعَلِمُوهُ [i. e. All knew him; &c.]. (S, K.) b2: عَلِمْتُ عِلْمَهُ [lit. I knew his knowledge, or what he knew, app. meaning I tried, proved, or tested, him, and so knew what he knew; and hence I knew his case or state or condition, or his qualities;] is a phrase mentioned by Fr in explanation of رَبَأْتُ فِيهِ. (TA voce رَبَأَ, q. v. See also the explanation of لَأَ خْبُرَنَّ خَبَرَكَ, in the first paragraph of art. خبر: and see غَبَنُوا خَبَرَهَا, in art. غبن.) b3: عَلِمْتُ is also used in the manner of a verb signifying swearing, or asseveration, so as to have a similar complement; as in the saying, وَلَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ لَتَأْتِيَنَّ عَشِيَّةً

[And I certainly knew that thou wouldst, or that she would, assuredly come in the evening]. (TA in art. شهد.) And يَعْلَمُ اللّٰهُ [God knoweth] is a form of asseveration. (IAth, TA voce قَيْرَوَانٌ: see an ex. in art. قير.) A2: عَلُمَ, agreeably with what is said in the M, which is عَلُمَ هُوَ نَفْسُهُ, accord. to the K عَلِمَ هُوَ فِى نَفْسِهِ, but the verb in this case is correctly like كَرُمَ, (TA,) He was, or became, such as is termed عَالِم and عَلِيم; (M, * K, * TA;) meaning he possessed knowledge (العِلْم) as a faculty firmly rooted in his mind: (IJ, * TA:) accord. to IB, i. q. ↓ تعلّم [q. v., as intrans.]: and he was, or became, equal to the عُلَمَآء

[pl. of عَالِمٌ and of عَلِيمٌ]. (TA.) A3: عَالَمَهُ فَعَلَمَهُ, aor. ـُ see 3.

A4: عَلَمَهُ, aor. ـُ and عَلِمَ, (K,) inf. n. عَلْمٌ, (TA.) signifies He marked it; syn. وَسَمَهُ. (K.) And one says, عَلَمْتُ عِمَّتِى, meaning I wound my turban upon my head with a mark whereby its mode should be known. (TA.) [See also 4.]

A5: عَلَمَ شَفَتَهُ, aor. ـِ (S, K,) inf. n. عَلْمٌ, (S,) He slit his [upper] lip. (S, K.) A6: عَلِمَ, aor. ـَ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. عَلَمٌ, (S, Msb,) He (a man, S) had a fissure in his upper lip: (S, Msb, K:) or in one of its two sides. (K.) 2 علّمهُ [He, or it, made him to be such as is termed عَالِم and عَلِيم; i. e., made him to possess knowledge (العِلْم) as a faculty firmly rooted in his mind: and hence, he taught him. And it generally has a second objective complement]. You say, عَلَّمْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ [I made him to know, or taught him, the thing], in which case the teshdeed is [said to be] not for the purpose of denoting muchness [of the action; but see what follows]; (S;) and عَلَّمْتُهُ الفَاتِحَةَ [I taught him the Opening Chapter of the Kur-án], and الصَّنْعَةَ [the art, or craft], &c.; inf. n. تَعْلِيمٌ; (Msb;) and علّمهُ العِلْمَ, inf. n. تَعْلِيمٌ and عِلَّامٌ, the latter like كِذَّابٌ; and إِيَّاهُ ↓ اعلمهُ; (K;) both, accord. to the K, signifying the same [i. e. he taught him knowledge, or science]; but Sb makes a distinction between them, saying that عَلَّمْتُ is like أَذَّنْتُ, and that ↓ أَعْلَمْتُ is like آذَنْتُ; and Er-Rághib says that ↓ الإِعْلَامُ is particularly applied to quick information; and التَّعْلِيمُ is particularly applied to that which is repeated and much, so that an impression is produced thereby upon the mind of the مُتَعَلِّم: and some say that the latter is the exciting the attention of the mind to the conception of meanings; and sometimes it is used in the sense of الإِعْلَام when there is in it muchness: (TA:) you say, الخَبَرَ ↓ أَعْلَمْتُهُ and بِالخْبَرِ [meaning I made known, or notified, or announced, to him, or I told him, or I made him to know, or have knowledge of, the news, or piece of information; I acquainted him with it; told, informed, apprised, advertised, or certified, him of it; gave him information, intelligence, notice, or advice, of it]: (Msb:) see also 10: [hence the inf. n. ↓ إِعْلَامٌ is often used, as a simple subst., to signify a notification, a notice, an announcement, or an advertisement:] and sometimes ↓ اعلم has three objective complements, like أَرَى; as in the saying, أَعْلَمْتُ زَيْدًا عَمْرًا مُنْطَلِقًا [I made known, &c., to Zeyd that 'Amr was going away]. (I'Ak p. 117.) b2: See also 4, in three places.3 عَاْلَمَ ↓ عَالَمَهُ فَعَلَمَهُ, aor. of the latter عَلُمَ, means [I contended with him, or strove to surpass him, in عِلْم,] and I surpassed him in عِلْم [i. e. knowledge, &c.]: (S, K:) [the measure يَفْعَلُ,] and in like manner the measure يَفْعِلُ, in every case of this kind, is changed into يَفْعُلُ: so says Az: [but see 3 in art. خصم:] and Lh mentions the phrase, مَا كُنْتُ أَرَانِى أَنْ أَعْلُمَهُ [I did not think, or know, that I should surpass him in knowledge]. (TA.) 4 أَعْلَمَ see 2, in six places. b2: One says also, اعلم الثَّوْبَ (S, Mgh, TA) He (i. e. a beater and washer and whitener of clothes, S, Mgh) made the garment, or piece of cloth, to have a mark; (Mgh;) or he made upon it, or in it, a mark. (TA.) [And, said of a weaver, or an embroiderer,] He made to the garment, or piece of cloth, a border, or borders, of figured, or variegated, or embroidered, work, or the like. (Msb.) b3: and اعلم عَلَيْهِ He made, or put, or set, a mark upon it; namely, a writing, or book, &c.: (Msb:) [or] اعلم عَلَى مَوْضِعِ كَذَا مِنَ الكِتَابِ عَلَامَةً [He made, &c., a mark upon such a place of the writing, or book]. (TA.) b4: اعلم الفَرَسَ He suspended upon the horse some coloured wool, (K, TA,) red, or white, (TA,) in war, or battle. (K, TA.) And اعلم نَفْسَهُ He marked himself with the mark, sign, token, or badge, of war; as also ↓ عَلَّمَهَا. (K.) [Or] اعلم الفَارِسُ The horseman made, or appointed, for himself, [or distinguished himself by,] the mark, sign, token, or badge, of the men of courage. (S.) And لَهُ عَلَامَةً ↓ عَلَّمْتُ I appointed to him (وَضَعْتُ لَهُ) a mark, sign, or token, which he would, or should, know. (Msb.) b5: And القَبْرَ ↓ علّم (K in art. رجم) He put a tombstone [as a mark] to the grave. (TK in that art.) A2: اعلم said of a well-sinker, He found the well that he was digging to be one having much water. (TA.) 5 تعلّم is quasi-pass. of 2 [i. e. it signifies He was, or became, made to know, or taught; or he learned: and is trans. and intrans.]. (S, Msb, K, * TA.) You say, تعلّم العِلْمَ (MA, K) He learned [knowledge, or science]. (MA.) See also 1, latter half, in three places. [In the last of those places, تعلّم app. signifies, as it often does, He possessed knowledge as a faculty firmly rooted in his mind.] Accord. to some, التَّعَلُّمُ signifies The mind's having its attention excited to the conception of meanings, or ideas. (TA.) 6 تعالمهُ الجَمِيعُ: see 1, latter half.8 اعتلمهُ: see 1, latter half.

A2: اعتلم said of water, It flowed (K, TA) upon the ground. (TA.) b2: And said of lightning it means لَمَعَ فى العلم [app. فِى العَلَمِ, and, if so, meaning It shone, shone brightly, or gleamed, in, or upon, the long mountain]: a poet says, بَلْ بُرَيْقًا بِتُّ أَرْقُبُهُ لَا يُرَى إِلَّا إِذَا اعْتَلَمَا [But a little lightning, in watching which I passed the night, not to be seen save when it shone, &c.]. (TA.) 10 استعلمهُ He asked, or desired, him to tell him [a thing; or to make it known to him]. (MA, KL. *) You say, ↓ اِسْتَعْلَمَنِى الخَبَرَ فَأَعْلَمْتُهُ

إِيَّاهُ [He asked, or desired, me to tell him, or make known to him, the news, or piece of information, and I told him it, or made it known to him]. (S.) عَلْمٌ: see مَعْلَمٌ, in two places.

عِلْمٌ is an inf. n., (S, K, &c.,) and [as such] has no pl. [in the classical language]. (Sb, TA voce فِكْرٌ.) [As a post-classical term, used as a simple subst., its pl. is عُلُومٌ, signifying The sciences, or several species of knowledge.] b2: Sometimes it is applied to Predominant opinion; [i. e. preponderant belief;] because it stands in stead of that which is عِلْم properly so termed. (Ham p. 632.) b3: And sometimes it is used in the sense of عَمَلٌ [A doing, &c.], as mentioned by Az, on the authority of Ibn-'Oyeyneh, agreeably with an explanation of عَالِمٌ as signifying one “ who does according to his knowledge; ” and it has been expl. as having this meaning in the Kur xii. 68 [where the primary meaning seems to be much more apposite]. (TA.) b4: لَقِيتُهُ أَدْنَى عِلْمٍ means [I met him the first thing, like لقيته أَدْنَى

دَنِّىِ and أَدْنَى دَنًا; or] before everything [else]. (TA.) عَلَمٌ: see عَلَامَةٌ. b2: Also An impression, or impress; or a footstep, or track, or trace. (TA.) b3: And The عَلَم of a garment, or piece of cloth; (S;) [i. e. the ornamental, or figured, or variegated, border or borders thereof;] the figured, or variegated, or embroidered, work or decoration, (Msb, K, TA,) in the borders, (TA,) thereof: (Msb, K, TA:) pl. أَعْلَامٌ. (Msb.) b4: And [A way-mark; i. e.] a thing set up, or erected, in the way, (K, TA,) or, as in the M, in the deserts, or waterless deserts, (TA,) for guidance, (K, TA,) in the M, for the guidance of those going astray; (TA;) as also ↓ عَلَامَةٌ: (K:) the former is also applied to a building raised in the beaten track of the road, of such as are places of alighting for travellers, whereby one is guided to the land [that is the object of a journey]: pl. أَعْلَامٌ: and عَلَمٌ also signifies a مَنَارَة [app. a mistranscription for مَنَار, without ة: see these two words]. (TA. [See also مَعْلَمٌ.]) [Hence, أَعْلَامُ الكَوَاكِبِ The stars, or asterisms, that are signs of the way to travellers: see مِصْبَاحٌ.] b5: And A separation between two lands; [like مَنَارٌ;] as also ↓ عَلَامَةٌ. (K.) [Hence,] أَعْلَامُ الحَرَمِ The limits that are set to the Sacred Territory. (TA.) b6: And A mountain; (S, K;) as a general term: or a long mountain: (K:) [app. as forming a separation: or as being a known sign of the way:] pl. أَعْلَامٌ and عِلَامٌ: (K:) the former pl. occurring in the Kur [xlii. 31 and] lv. 24. (TA.) b7: And A banner, or standard, syn. رَايَةٌ, (S, K, TA,) to which the soldiers congregate: (TA:) and, (K,) some say, (TA,) the thing [i. e. flag, or strip of cloth,] that is tied upon the spear: (K, TA:) it occurs in a verse of Aboo-Sakhr El-Hudhalee with the second fet-hah lengthened by an alif after it [so that it becomes ↓ عَلَام]. (IJ, TA.) b8: And (tropical:) The chief of a people or party: (K, TA:) from the same word as signifying “ a mountain ” or “ a banner: ” (TA:) pl. أَعْلَامٌ. (K.) b9: [In grammar, it signifies A proper name of a person or place &c. b10: And the pl. أَعْلَامٌ is applied to Things pertaining to rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage or the like, as being signs thereof; such as the places where such rites and ceremonies are performed, the beasts destined for sacrifice, and the various practices performed during the pilgrimage &c.; as also مَعَالِمُ, pl. of ↓ مَعْلَمٌ: the former word is applied to such places in the Ksh and Bd and the Jel in ii. 153; and the latter, in the Ksh and Bd in ii. 194: the former is also applied to the beasts destined for sacrifice in the Ksh and Bd and the Jel in xxii. 37; and the latter, in the Ksh and Bd in xxii. 33: and both are applied to the practices above mentioned, the former in the TA and the latter in the K, in art. شعر: see شِعَارٌ.]

A2: See also what next follows.

عُلْمَةٌ and ↓ عَلَمَةٌ and ↓ عَلَمٌ [the last of which is originally an inf. n., see 1, last sentence,] A fissure in the upper lip, or in one of its two sides. (K.) عَلَمَةٌ: see what next precedes.

عَلْمَآءُ fem. of أَعْلَمُ [q. v.].

عَلْمَآءِ in the saying عَلْمَآءِ بَنُو فُلَانٍ [meaning At the water are the sons of such a one] is a contraction of عَلَى المَآءِ. (S.) عِلْمِىٌّ Of, or relating to, knowledge or science; scientific; theoretical; opposed to عَمَلِىٌّ.]

عَلَمِيَّةٌ, in grammar, The quality of a proper name.]

عَلَامٌ: see عَلَامَةٌ: b2: and see also عَلَمٌ.

A2: [عَلَامَ is for عَلَى مَ.]

عُلَامٌ: see عُلَّامٌ.

A2: Also i. q. غُلَامٌ [q. v.]: an instance of the substitution of ع for غ. (MF and TA on the letter ع.) عَلِيمٌ: see عَالِمٌ. b2: العَلِيمُ and ↓ العَالِمُ and ↓ العَلَّامُ, as epithets applied to God, signify [The Omniscient;] He who knows what has been and what will be; who ever has known, and ever will know, what has been and what will be; from whom nothing is concealed in the earth nor in the heaven; whose knowledge comprehends all things, the covert thereof and the overt, the small thereof and the great, in the most complete manner. (TA.) عَلَامَةٌ i. q. سِمَةٌ [A mark, sign, or token, by which a person or thing is known; a cognizance, or badge; a characteristic; an indication; a symptom]; (K; [see also مَعْلَمٌ;]) and ↓ عَلَمٌ is syn. therewith [as meaning thus]; (S, Msb, TA;) and so ↓ أُعْلُومَةٌ, (Abu-l-'Omeythil ElAarábee, TA,) as in the saying ↓ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ أُعْلُومَةٌ [Among the people, or party, is a mark, sign, or token]; and the pl. of this last is أَعَالِيمُ: (TA:) the pl. of عَلَامَةٌ is عَلَامَاتٌ (Msb) and [the coll. gen. n.] ↓ عَلَامٌ, (K, TA,) differing from عَلَامَةٌ only by the apocopating of the ة. (TA.) b2: See also عَلَمٌ, in two places.

عُلَامِىٌّ Light, or active; and sharp, or acute, in mind; (K, TA;) applied to a man: it is without teshdeed, and with the relative ى; from عُلَامٌ [signifying “ a hawk ”]. (TA.) عَلَّامٌ and ↓ عُلَّامٌ, (K, TA,) both mentioned by ISd, the latter [which is less used] from Lh, (TA,) and ↓ عَلَّامَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ تِعْلِمَةٌ and ↓ تِعْلَامَةٌ, (K,) Very knowing or scientific or learned: (S, K:) the ة in ↓ عَلَّامَةٌ is added to denote intensiveness; (S;) or [rather] to denote that the person to whom it is applied has attained the utmost degree of the quality signified thereby; [so that it means knowing &c. in the utmost degree; or it may be rendered very very, or singularly, knowing or scientific or learned;] and this epithet is applied also to a woman: (IJ, TA:) [↓ تِعْلَامَةٌ, likewise, is doubly intensive; and so, app., is ↓ تِعْلِمَةٌ:] the pl. of عَلَّامٌ is عَلَّامُونَ; and that of ↓ عُلَّامٌ is عُلَّامُونَ. (TA.) See also, for the first, عَلِيمٌ. b2: Also the same epithets, (K,) or عَلَّامٌ and ↓ عَلَّامَةٌ, (TA,) i. q. نَسَّابَةٌ; (K, TA;) [or rather عَلَّامٌ signifies نَسَّابٌ, i. e. very skilful in genealogies, or a great genealogist; and ↓ عَلَّامَةٌ signifies نَسَّابَةٌ, i. e. possessing the utmost knowledge in genealogies, or a most skilful genealogist;] from العِلْمُ. (TA.) عُلَّامٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. b2: Also, and ↓ عُلَامٌ, The صَقْر [or hawk]; (K;) the latter on the authority of IAar: (TA:) and [particularly] the بَاشَق [i. e. the musket, or sparrow-hawk]; (K;) as some say: (TA:) or so the former word, (T, * S, TA,) or the latter word accord. to Kr and IB. (TA.) b3: And the former word, The [plant called] حِنَّآء

[i. e. Lawsonia inermis]: (IAar, S, K, TA:) thus correctly, but mentioned by Kr as without tesh-deed. (TA.) b4: And the same, i. e. with tesh-deed, The kernel of the stone of the نَبِق [or fruit, i. e. drupe, of the lote-tree called سِدْر]. (TA.) عَلَّامَةٌ: see عَلَّامٌ, in four places.

عُلَّامَةٌ: see مَعْلَمٌ.

العَالَمُ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) said by some to be also pronounced ↓ العَالِمُ, (MF, TA,) and pronounced by El-Hajjáj with hemz [i. e. العَأْلَمُ], is primarily a name for That by means of which one knows [a thing]; like as الخَاتَمُ is a name for “ that by means of which one seals ” [a thing]: accord. to some of the expositors of the Kur-án, its predominant application is to that by means of which the Creator is known: then to the intelligent beings of mankind and of the jinn or genii: or to mankind and the jinn and the angels: and mankind [alone]: Es-Seyyid Esh-Shereef [El-Jurjánee] adopts the opinion that it is applied to every kind [of these, so that one says عَالَمُ الإِنْسِ (which may be rendered the world of mankind) and عَالَمُ الجِنِّ (the world of the jinn or genii) and عَالَمُ المَلَائِكَةِ (the world of the angels), all of which phrases are of frequent occurrence], and to the kinds [thereof] collectively: (TA:) or it signifies الخَلْقُ [i. e. the creation, as meaning the beings, or things, that are created], (S, Msb, K,) altogether [i. e. all the created beings or things, or all creatures]: (K:) or, as some say, peculiarly, the intelligent creatures: (Msb:) or what the cavity (lit. belly) of the celestial sphere comprises, (K, TA,) of substances and accidents: (TA:) [it may often be rendered the world, as meaning the universe; and as meaning the earth with all its inhabitants and other appertenances; and in more restricted senses, as instanced above: and one says عَالَمُ الحَيَوَانِ meaning the animal kingdom, and عَالَمُ النَّبَات the vegetable kingdom, and عَالَمُ المَعَادِنِ the mineral kingdom:] Jaafar Es-Sádik says that the عَالَم is twofold: namely, العَالَمُ الكَبِيرُ, which is the celestial sphere with what is within it; and العَالَمُ الصَّغِيرُ, which is man, as being [a microcosm, i. e.] an epitome of all that is in the كَبِير: and Zj says that العَالَمُ has no literal sing., because it is [significant of] a plurality [of classes] of diverse things; and if made a sing. of one of them, it is [significant of] a plurality of congruous things: (TA:) the pl. is العَالَمُونَ (S, M, Msb, K, &c.) and العَوَالِمُ: (S, TA:) and the sing. is [said to be] the only instance of a word of the measure فَاعَلٌ having a pl. formed with و and ن, (ISd, K, TA,) except يَاسَمٌ: (K, TA:) [but see this latter word:] العَالَمُونَ signifies the [several] sorts of created beings or things: (S:) [or all the sorts thereof: or the beings of the universe, or of the whole world:] it has this form because it includes mankind: or because it denotes particularly the sorts of created beings consisting of the angels and the jinn and mankind, exclusively of others: I'Ab is related to have explained رَبُّ العَالَمِينَ as meaning the Lord of the jinn, or genii, and of mankind: Katádeh says, the Lord of all the created beings: but accord. to Az, the correctness of the explanation of I'Ab is shown by the saying in the beginning of ch. xxv. of the Kur-án that the Prophet was to be a نَذِير [or warner] لِلْعَالَمِينَ; and he was not a نذير to the beasts, nor to the angels, though all of them are the creatures of God; but only to the jinn, or genii, and mankind. (TA.) b2: عَالَمٌ is also syn. with قَرْنٌ [as meaning A generation of mankind; or the people of one time]. (O, voce طَبَقٌ, q. v.) عَالِمٌ and ↓ عَلِيمٌ signify the same, (IJ, Msb, K, *) as epithets applied to a man; (K;) i. e. Possessing the attribute of عِلْم (IJ, Msb, TA) as a faculty firmly rooted in the mind; [or learned; or versed in science and literature;] the former being used in [what is more properly] the sense of the latter; (IJ, TA;) which is an intensive epithet: (TA:) the pl. is عُلَمَآءُ and عُلَّامٌ, (K,) the latter of which is pl. of عَالِمٌ; (IB, TA;) the former being [properly] pl. of عَلِيمٌ; and عَالِمُونَ is [a] pl. of عَالِمٌ; (Msb;) [but] عُلَمَآءُ is used as a pl. of both, (IJ, TA,) and by him who says only عَالِمٌ [as the sing.], (Sb, TA;) because عَالِمٌ is used in the sense of عَلِيمٌ: to him who is entering upon the study of العِلْم, the epithet ↓ مُتَعَلِّمٌ [which may generally be rendered learning, or a learner,] is applied; not عَالِمٌ. (IJ, TA.) عَالِمٌ is also expl. as signifying One who does according to his knowledge. (TA.) b2: See also عَلِيمٌ: and أَعْلَمُ.

A2: And see العَالَمُ.

عَيْلَمٌ A well having much water: (S, K:) or of which the water is salt: (K:) and a wide well: and sometimes a man was reviled by the saying, يَا ابْنَ العَيْلَمِ, referring to the width of his mother [in respect of the فَرْج]: (TA:) pl. عَيَالِمُ or عَيَالِيمُ. (S, accord. to different copies: in the TA, in this instance, the latter.) b2: And The sea: (S, K:) pl. عَيَالِمُ. (TA.) b3: And The water upon which is the earth: (S, K:) or water concealed, or covered, in the earth; or beneath layers, or strata, of earth; mentioned by Kr: (TA:) [عَيْلَمُ المَآءِ occurs in the JK and TA in art. خسف, and is there plainly shown to mean the water that is beneath a mountain, or stratum of rock: (see also غَيِّثٌ: and see غَيْلَمٌ:) and it is said that] المَأءُ العَيْلَمُ means copious water. (Ham p. 750.) b4: And A large cooking-pot. (T, TA voce هِلْجَابٌ.) A2: Also Plump, and soft, tender, or delicate. (S, K.) A3: And The frog. (AAF, K. [This meaning is also assigned to غَيْلَمٌ.]) b2: And i. q. ↓ عَيْلَامٌ; (K;) which signifies A male hyena; (S, K;) occurring in a trad. (خَبَر) respecting Abraham, relating that he will take up his father to pass with him the [bridge called] صِرَاط, and will look at him, and lo, he will be عَيْلَامٌ أَمْدَرُ [a male hyena inflated in the sides, big in the belly, or having his sides defiled with earth or dust]. (TA.) عَيْلَامٌ: see the next preceding sentence.

أَعْلَمُ [More, and most, knowing or learned]. Applied to God, [it may often be rendered Supreme in knowledge: or omniscient: but often, in this case,] it means [simply] ↓ عَالِمٌ [in the sense of knowing, or cognizant]. (Jel in iii. 31, and I'Ak p. 240.) [Therefore اَللّٰهُ أَعْلَمُ virtually means, sometimes, God knows best; or knows all things: and sometimes, simply, God knows.]

A2: Also [Harelipped; i. e.] having a fissure in his upper lip: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) or in one of its two sides: (K:) the camel is said to be اعلم because of the fissure in his upper lip: when the fissure is in the lower lip, the epithet أَفْلَحُ is used: and أَشْرَمُ is used in both of these, and also in other, similar, senses: (TA:) the fem. of أَعْلَمُ is عَلْمَآءُ: (S, Msb, TA:) which is likewise applied to a lip (شَفَةٌ). (TA.) b2: العَلْمَآءُ signifies also The coat of mail: (K:) mentioned by Sh, in the book entitled كِتَابُ السِّلَاحِ; but as not heard by him except in a verse of Zuheyr Ibn-Khabbáb [?]. (TA.) أُعْلُومَةٌ: see عَلَامَةٌ, in two places.

تِعْلِمَةٌ and تِعْلَامَةٌ: see عَلَّامٌ; each in two places.

مَعْلَمٌ i. q. مَظِنَّةٌ; مَعْلَمُ الشَّىْءِ signifying مَظِنَّتُهُ; (K, TA;) as meaning The place in which is known the existence of the thing: (Msb in art. ظن:) pl. مَعَالِمُ; (TA;) which is the contr. of مَجَاهِلُ, pl. of مَجْهَلٌ [q. v.] as applied to a land; meaning in which are signs of the way. (TA in art. جهل.) And hence, [A person in whom is known the existence of a quality &c.:] one says, هُوَ مَعْلَمٌ لِلْخَيْرِ [He is one in whom good, or goodness, is known to be]. (TA.) b2: Also A thing, (K,) or a mark, trace, or track, (S, TA,) by which one guides himself, or is guided, (S, K, TA,) to the road, or way; (S, TA;) as also ↓ عُلَّامَةٌ and ↓ عَلْمٌ: (K: [in several copies of which, in all as far as I know, وَالعَلْمُ is here put in the place of والعَلْمِ; whereby العَلْمُ is made to be syn. with العَالَمُ: but accord. to SM, it is syn. with المَعْلَمُ, as is shown by what here follows:]) and hence a reading in the Kur [xliii. 61], ↓ وَإِنَّهُ لَعَلْمٌ لِلسَّاعَةِ, meaning And verily he, i. e. Jesus, by his appearing, and descending to the earth, shall be a sign of the approach of the hour [of resurrection]: it is also said, in a trad., that on the day of resurrection there shall not be a مَعْلَم for any one: and the pl. is مَعَالِمُ. (TA.) And مَعْلَمُ الطِّرِيقِ signifies The indication, or indicator, of the road, or way. (TA.) b3: [And hence it signifies likewise An indication, or a symptom, of anything; like عَلَامَةٌ.] b4: See also عَلَمٌ, last quarter.

مُعْلَمٌ pass. part. n. of أَعْلَمَ [q. v.] in the phrase اعلم الثَّوْبَ, and thus applied as an epithet to a garment, or piece of cloth: (S:) [and also in other senses: thus in a verse of 'Antarah cited voce مَــشُوفٌ:] and applied to a قِدْح [or gamingarrow] as meaning Having a mark [made] upon it. (TA.) b2: [See also a verse of 'Antarah cited voce مِشَكٌّ.]

مُعْلِمٌ act. part. n. of أَعْلَمَ [q. v.] in the phrase اعلم الثَّوْبَ: [and in other senses:] b2: thus also of the same verb in the phrase اعلم الفَارِسُ. (S.) مُعَلَّمٌ [pass. part. n. of 2, in all its senses: b2: and hence particularly signifying] Directed by inspiration to that which is right and good. (TA.) مُعَلِّمٌ [act. part. n. of 2, in all its senses: and generally meaning] A teacher. (KL.) b2: [It is now also a common title of address to a Christian and to a Jew.]

مَعْلُومٌ [Known; &c.]. الوَقْتُ المَعْلُومُ [mentioned in the Kur xv. 38 and xxxviii. 82] means[The time of] the resurrection. (TA.) And الأَيَّامُ المَعْلُومَاتُ [mentioned in the Kur xxii. 29] means[The first] ten days of Dhu-l-Hijjeh, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) the last of which is the day of the sacrifice. (TA.) b2: [In grammar, The active voice.]

مُتَعَلِّمٌ: see عَالِمٌ.

كم

أ1 كَمَأَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. كَمْءٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ اكمأ; (K;) He fed people with [the truffles called] كَمْء. (S, K.) A2: كَمِئَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. كَمَأٌ, He walked barefoot, and had no shoes, or sandals; حَفِىَ وَلَمْ تَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ نَعْلٌ: (accord. to some copies of the S, on the authority of Ks, and so in the L: or, accord. to the K, and an excellent copy of the S, حَفِىَ وَعَلَيْهِ نَعْلٌ, which may signify He became thin in the feet, from much walking, though wearing shoes, or sandals:]) كَمَأٌ in the foot is the same as قَسَطٌ; [i. e., the being naturally stiff in the tendons]. (TA.) A3: كَمِئَتْ (tropical:) It (his foot, S, A, K, or hand, A) became much cracked (Th, S, K) by reason of cold. (A.) Also written in a copy of the A كمأت; app. by a mistake of the transcriber. (TA.) A4: كَمِئَ عَنِ الأَخْبَارِ (K) inf. n. كَمْءٌ, (TA,) He was ignorant of, and understood not, or minded not, the news. (K.) 4 اكمأ It (a place) abounded with [the truffles called] كَمْء. (S, K.) b2: See 1.

A2: أَكْمَأَتْهُ السِّنُّ Age rendered him a شَيْخ, or an old man. (S, K.) 5 تكمّأ He gathered [the truffles called] كَمْء. (S.) A2: تكمّأ عَلَيْهِ الأَرْضُ The earth hid him [as in a grave]. (K.) A3: تكمّأهُ He detested him, or it; syn. تَكَرَّهَهُ. (K.) 6 تكامأنا فى أَرْضِهِمْ [We, together, gathered the truffles called كَمْء in their land]. (A.) كَمْءٌ A well-known vegetable, (K,) [the truffle,] which comes forth from the earth like the فُطْر: or what is called شَحْمُ الأَرْضِ [the fat of the earth]; and the Arabs also call it جُدَرِىُّ الأَرْضِ [the small-pox of the earth]: it is also said that the name of كَمْأَةٌ is given to those [truffles] that incline to dust-colour and black; and جبأة (q. v.) to those that incline to red: كُحْل and تُوتِيَا are compounded with the juice of this vegetable [to apply to the eye]: Th also mentions كَمَاةٌ [as used for كَمْأَةٌ]. (TA.) The dual of كَمْءٌ is كَمْآنِ; (S;) the pl. (of pauc., S) أَكْمُؤٌ; (S, K;) and [pl. of mult.] كَمْأَةٌ: (K:) this last is not a pl. of كمء, but a quasi-pl. n.: (Sb, K:) [or كَمْأَةٌ is rather a coll. gen. n. of which the n. un. is without the ة, contr. to analogy: (see جَبْءٌ:)] in speaking of many, you say كَمْأَةٌ, contr. to analogy: (S:) or كَمْأَةٌ is the sing., and كَمْءٌ pl.: or [accord. to some,] كَمْأَةٌ is both sing. and pl.: (K:) AHn mentions كَمْأَةٌ as sing., and كَمْأَتَانِ as dual, and كَمْآتٌ as pl.: but the right opinion is that of Sb. (TA.) [كَمْأَةٌ also signifies Any kind of fungus, such as the mushroom, and toadstool. See فُطْرٌ.]

كَمَّاءٌ One who sells, and who gathers for sale, [the truffles called] كَمْء. (K.) مَكْمَأَةٌ and مَكْمُؤَةٌ A place in which [the truffles called] كَمْء grow. (K.)

طير: طار، طار الرأس المقطوع: طاح، سقط، ففي كوسج (طرائف ص89) سأبقى مخلصاً له ولو طار رأسي قدامي.
ويقال مجازاً: ولو أن روحي تطير قدامي (كوسج طرائف ص90).
وتطلق أيضا على العين التي ندت عن الرأس، ففي رياض النفوس (ص98 و): رماه بحجر فطارت عينه الواحدة ثم رماه بآخر فذهبت عينه الأخرى.
طار: انتقل من مكان إلى مكان وتستعمل مجازاً بمعنى تقلب وتبدل وخَفَّ (بوشر).
طار عَقْلُه أو قلبه أو فؤاده: تستعمل بمعاني تدل على مختلف انفعالات النفس مثل الغضب، والسخط، والفرح، والخوف والحب (عباد 1: 159 رقم 508، زيشر 22: 80).
وفي معجم بوشر: طار عقله من الغضب أو السرور أي استخفه الغضب أو السرور.
طار عقله: استشاط غيظاً، حنق، طار طائره، وكذلك: انذهل وشطح.
طار عقله من الغضب: استشاط غيظاً من الغضب، واحتد من الغضب وفي ألف ليلة (1: 4): طار عقله من رأسه.
طار السُكر من رأسه: زال سكره. صحا من نشوته (ألف ليلة 1: 86).
طار اسمه: اشتهر، كان له صيت (النويري الأندلس ص441، 458، النويري مصر ص213 و).
طار له ذلك: اشتهر به، ففي المقدمة (3: 391): المُوَشَّحة التي طارت له.
انما تطير عنه شواذ من الكلمات: لا ينقل عنه إلا كلمات متفرقة (المقدمة 2: 184).
طار ذلك في سَهْمه: هذا ما آل إليه من حصته في القسمة (المقدمة 2: 87).
طَيَّر. طيرَّ الحمام بالخبر إلى فلان: أرسل رقعة مع الحمام الزاجل بالخبر، ويقال أيضاً: طيّر إليه رقعة، وكذلك طيَّر إليه.
غير أن هذا الفعل قد فقد معناه الأصلي وأصبح لا يدل إلا على معنى: أرسل بسرعة. ويقال: طيَّر به وطيَّره (عباد 1: 122: 428، 2: 117، 3: 72 رقم 84) ونجده في كثير من العبارات في تاريخ البربر فنجد مثلا: طيرّ النجيب في (2: 198) منه وكذلك في (2: 202) وطيّر البريد بالمراس (2: 202) وطيّر كتبه ورسله (2: 211) وطيرّ ابنه (2: 217).
طيّر في اصطلاح أهل الكيمياء: صعّد، بخّر، حوله إلى بخار (المقدمة 3: 205).
طيَّر: أطاح برأسه وقطعه. ويقال طير رأسه (قصة عنتر ص15، ألف ليلة 1: 89). أو طيَّر عينه: جعلها تندر خارج رأسه (دوماس حياة العرب ص510).
طيَّر: نزع عينه وقلعها (فوك).
طيَّر: أطاح به، عزله، افقده منصبه، افقده ماله وغير ذلك (بوشر).
طيَّر ماء: بال، تبول، (بوشر،، الكالا) وهذا الفعل لا بد أن يدل على هذا المعنى وهو معنى لم تذكرها معاجمي.
طيَّر السُكْرَ من رأسه: أزال سكره وجعله يصحو من نشوته (بوشر).
طيَّر: ألغى عقداً وأبطله (بوشر).
طيَّر وطيَّر من: أستدر الدموع (دوماس حياة العرب ص185) ومن الكلام الذي يقال عن الخيل: يطير معاً من العين أي يستدر الدمع من العين.
طيَّر: تفاءل وتشاءم (الكالا) وهي عامية تطيَّر.
طاير: منع، قطع، يقال مثلاً: طاير الشهية (زيشر 11: 520).
أطار: أقلق، أثار الشعور، ففي حيان- بسام (3: 48ق): هذا الخبر صكَّ الأسماع وأطار الأفئدة.
ما اطار له الاسم بذلك: ما جعله يشتهر بذلك ويكون له به صيت (حيان ص4 ق).
تطيرّ: طار (فوك).
تطيَّر: انتزعت عينه (فوك) وانظرها في مادة طيّر.
استطار: جعله يطير. ففي عباد (1: 171): كما يستطيرك حب الوغا إليها.
استطال: كان في حالة من الذهول وفورة النفس عجيبة. ففي رحلة ابن جبير (ص154) نفوسهم قد استطارت خشوعاً.
استطار: استخف به الفرح (فاكهة الخلفاء ص164).
استطار: أثار، هاج، أغضب، ففي رحلة ابن جبير (ص137): الأسف المستطير.
اسْتَّطْيرَ: تطيرَّ، تشاءم، تكهن بشيء محزن (الكالا) وتطيَّر، تشاءم (فوك).
اسْتطَّيرَ: عبارة ديوان الهذليين التي فيها هذا الفعل والتي نقلها فريتاج موجودة في (ص221 البيت الأول.) طَيْر: الحمام الزاجل الذي يحمل الرسائل.
(مملوك 2، 2: 115) طَيْر: باز، صقر (باجني مخطوطات، ديّلا سيّلا ص18).
طَيْر ابابيل: هدهد. (بوشر بربرية).
طير البقرة: كُركي. طير من الجوارح. (هوست ص297، جاكسون ص66).
طير التمساح: يمامة بحرية. ففي طيور مخطوطة الاسكوريال (ص893): يمامة بحرية وتعرف بطير التمساح.
طير الجراد، وسفر مادي أيضاً: طير صغير يبحث عن الجراد ويقتله (مخطوطة الاسكوريال ص893).
طير الجَمْل: نعامة (نيبور ب ص159).
الطير الحُرّ: باز الصيد (بوشر بربرية، مارسيل، تريسترام ص392، مجلة الشرق والجزائر السلسة الجديدة 3: 235).
طير الديوث: دُخَّلة (طير من رتبة الجواثم) (بوشر).
طير الليل: خفاش، وطواط، (فوك، باجني مخطوطات، بوشر، همبرت ص64. دوماس حياة العرب ص474).
طير الموت: غراب الليل. (دومب ص63).
طَيْرَة: أنثى الحمام. حمامة (مملوك 222: 116، ألف ليلة 1: 632).
طَيْرَة: أنثى الرخ (ألف ليلة برسل 4: 79، 80).
طِيَرة: طيران الطير (بوشر).
طِيَرة وتجمع على طَير: زجر الطير للتفاؤل أو التشاؤم (فوك الكالا).
صاحب طيرة: متكهن (بزجر الطير) (المعجم اللاتيني- العربي). طَيَران. عام الطيران: عند اليهود العام الذي لا بد فيه من أن يزولوا ويصبحوا في خبر كان.
(دي ساسي طرائف 1، 363 - 364).
طَيَران، في مصطلح أهل الكيمياء، تصعيد، تبخير، تحويل بخار (المقدمة 3: 205).
طُوَيْرةَ: خصي أو مملوك، يرسل برسالة خاصة من السلطان (عواده ص63، 266).
طُوَيَّر: يؤيؤ، جلم، وهو أصغر الطيور الجوارح (الكالا).
طَيَار: زينة، حلية. (الكالا).
طيَارة: أناقة، رشاقة (الكالا).
طِيَارة: قوّة بأس، بسالة، شجاعة جرأة، (الكالا).
طِيَارة: كبرياء، عجرفة، غطرسة، إعجاب بالنفس (الكالا) طِيَارة: طيش، سفاه، خفة، نزق (بوشر).
طَيَّار: القافلة الطيارة: السريعة (برتون 2: 50).
طَيَّار. متنقل، غير مستقر في منزل (بوشر).
طَيَّار: مشهور، ذائع الصيت، طائر الشهرة وهي مثل سَيَّار غير أنها أبلغ منها في المعنى.
ففي كتاب عبد الواحد (ص73): ومن شعره السيَّار بل الطيار قوله الخ.
طيّار جمعها طيَّارات: حشرات طائرة.
ففي ابن العوام (1: 602): طرد عنها الهوامَّ كلّها من الطيار والدود وغيرها (وهذا صواب العبارة وفقا لمخطوطتنا) وفي ابن البيطار (1: 119): الطيارات مثل الذراريح والزنابير.
طَيّار: نوع من الجدري ولعله المرض الطفحي الذي نسميه الجدري الخفيف، الحماق الخفيف. ففي ابن البيطار 1: 421): الادريسي. وان طُلى بذلك السمن على جدري الدواب ولا سيما النوع الطيار منه فانه يبرئه من أول طَلْيَة.
طَيَّار: نوع من السفن الخفيفة (المسعودي 8: 377).
طَيَّار: أكبر أنواع التين (انظره في تين).
طيَّار: مسلكة، حلالة، مردن، مكب. وهي هنة من عيدان يبرم عليها الغزل (بوشر) وانظر: طَيَّارة.
طَيَّار: تصحيف تيار وهو مجرى الماء، من مصطلح البحيرة. (بوشر).
طيَّار: سيل، حامولة، وتطلق مجازاً على الشهوات والأهواء (بوشر).
مع الطيّار: مع التيار (بوشر).
قطع في الطيّار: صعّد في النهر، سار نحو عالية النهر ضد التيار (بوشر).
قطع في الطيار: بذل جهده عبثاً اجتهد باخلاً (بوشر).
طيارة: ظُلَة، قبّة، رواق، سرادق.
ففي بدرون (ص143) نهض إلى قتال المسلمين في هذا اليوم وهو على سريره وضُربت عليه طيارة كالمظلة، وانظر (ص166) والمسعودي (4: 221، 222) وهذه الكلمة التي تعني في الأصل حشرة طيّارة (انظر المادة السابقة) قد تغير معناها كما تغير معنى كلمة papilio papillon فراشة التي اشتقت منها كلمة pavillon أو سرادق التي كانت تستعمل في اللاتينية القديمة بمعنى dais أي سرادق ظلة (انظر دوكانج) والمعنى التالي الذي تدل عليه الكلمة من نفس هذا الاصل.
طَيّارة: رواق، مكــشوف الوجه مسقوف يعقد على أعمدة، مكان محاط بأعمدة (بوشر) وهو غالباً رواق في موضع عال (انظر ديفريمري) مذكرات ص255 - 256 وفي الجريدة الآسيوية (1839، 2، 166) ووقف أول ليلة منه تحت الطيارة وغنى القوما. وفي المقري (1: 688) وبتناً في ليلة ذلك اليوم بطيارة مرتفعة على جانب النيل.
طَيارة: اسم قلعة على جبل أيضاً، ففي تاريخ ابن الأثير (9: 412) وبني القلعة في جبل منيع وسماها الطيارة. طَيّارة: طيارة ورق، وهي هنة من ورق يربطها الصبيان بخيط ويرسلونها في الهواء، وهي من لعب الصبيان (بوشر، محيط المحيط) وعند رولاند طِيّارة.
طَيَّارة: من مصطلح البرّامين صانعي الحبال وقد فسرها صاحب محيط المحيط بقوله: وعند البرّامين هنة من عيدان يُبْرَم عليها الغزل. ولما كان بوشر قد ذكر كلمة طيَّار مقابل كلمة فرنسية معناها مردن. فإني أرى إنها نوع من المرادن أو دواليب المغزل التي يسميها البرّامون صانعو الحبال بالدولاب.
طَيّاريّ: متنقل، غير مستقر في منزل (بوشر).
طَيّاريّ: من مصطلح البحر: حبل شراع ثانوي يستعمل في تدوير السفينة وتوجيهها (المجلة الآسيوية 1841، 1: 588).
طائِر: حمامة تستخدم لنقل الرسائل (مملوك 2، 2: 115).
طائر، وجمعه طُيَّار: أنيق، رشيق، مليح، ظريف، جميل، حسن القوام، حسن الهيئة.
(الكالا). وهي طائرة.
طائر، وجمعه طُيّار: متكبر، متعجرف، متغطرس، معجب بنفسه (الكالا).
طائر: طائش، خفيف (بوشر).
اَطْيرُ: طائش، نزق، خفيف، عابث، متهور، اخرق (بوشر).
مُطار: وجمعها مطارات مكان يرسل منه الحمام والزاجل الذي يحمل الرسائل (مملوك 2، 2: 116) ويظهر أن كاترمير قد وجد هذه الكلمة مضمومة الميم في إحدى مخطوطاته. وهي اسم المكان من الفعل اطار. وإلا فهي مَطار.
مُطَيّر: من يقوم بإرسال الحمام الزاجل الذي يحمل الرسائل (مملوك 2، 2: 116).
مُطَيّر: عرّاف، متنبئ بالغيب (الكالا). وهي بهذا المعنى تحريف مُطَّير اسم الفاعل من تطَّير.
مَطّيور: طائش، نزق، متهور، اخرق (بوشر).
مُتَطَيِّر: متكهن بزجر الطير (المعجم اللاتيني - العربي).

طير

1 طَارَ, aor. ـِ (S, Msb,) inf. n. طَيَرَانٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and طَيْرُورَةٌ (Lh, S, K, &c.) and طَيْرٌ, (K,) He (a winged creature) moved in the air by means of his wings; flew; (A, K;) moved in the air as a beast does upon the ground. (Msb.) b2: It is also said of other things than those which have wings; as in the saying of El-'Amberee (Kureyt Ibn-Uneyf, Ham p. 3): طَارُوا إِلَيْهِ زَرَافَاتٍ وَوُحْدَانَا [They fly to it in companies and one by one]; (TA;) i. e. they hasten to it: for طِرْتُ إِلَى كَذَا means (assumed tropical:) I hastened to such a thing: and طِرْتُ بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) I outstripped, or became foremost, with such a thing. (Ham p. 6.) And طار عَلَى مَتْنِ فَرَسِهِ (tropical:) He fled upon the back of his horse. (TA, from a trad.) And طار القَوْمُ (assumed tropical:) The people took fright and ran away quickly. (Msb.) And طَارُوا سِرَاعًا (assumed tropical:) They went away quickly. (TA.) b3: [One says also, طار عُقْلُهُ (assumed tropical:) His reason fled. And طار فُؤَادُهُ (tropical:) His courage (lit. his heart) fled away: see also 10: and see شَعَاعٌ. (Both are phrases of frequent occurrence.)] b4: And طار طَائرُهُ: see طَائِرٌ. b5: [And see an ex. voce شِقَّةٌ.] b6: طار قَلْبِى مَطَارَهُ means (assumed tropical:) My heart inclined towards that which it loved, and clung to it. (TA, from a trad.) And طِيرِى بِهِ, addressed to a woman, is expl. by IAar as meaning (assumed tropical:) Love thou, or become attached, to him. (TA.) b7: طارت عَيْنُهُ (S and K in art. خلج) (assumed tropical:) His eye throbbed. (PS and TK in that art.) b8: طار لَهُ صِيتٌ فِى النَّاسِ (tropical:) [He became famous among the people; lit. means fame among the people became, or came to be, (صَارَ,) his]. (A.) [And in like manner one says,] طار لَهُ مِنْ نَصِيبِهِ كَذَا (tropical:) Such a thing became his, or came to him, of his lot, or portion; syn. صَارَ, and حَصَلَ. (Mgh.) And طار لَنَا (tropical:) It came to our lot, or portion. (TA.) And طار لِكُلٍّ مِنْهُمْ سَهْمُهُ (tropical:) The share of each came to him. (TA.) b9: See also 6, in two places.

A2: طَارَ بِهِ is also syn. with طَيَّرَهُ, q. v. (TA.) b2: [Hence the metaphorical phrase طَارَتْ بِهَا العَرَبُ expl. voce عَرَبَةٌ.] b3: طارت الإِبِلُ بِآذَانِهَا, (TA,) or بِأَذْنَابِهَا, (O, TA,) thus [correctly] in the TS, (TA,) [like شَالَتْ بِأَذْنَابِهَا,] means (assumed tropical:) The she-camels conceived. (O, TA.) 2 طيّرهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and طيّر بِهِ, (K,) and ↓ اطارهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and ↓ طايرهُ, (S, K,) and طَارَ ↓ بِهِ CCC , (TA,) He made him to fly. (A, Msb, K.) [See also 10.] b2: طَيَّرَ العَصَافِيرَ عَنِ الزَّرْعِ He made the sparrows to fly away, [scared them, or dispersed them,] from the seedproduce. (A.) b3: هُمْ فِى شَىْءٍ لَا يُطَيَّرُ غُرَابُهُ [They are in that whereof the crow is not made to fly away, because of its abundance]: a prov. alluding to a state of plenty. (S, TA.) [See also غُرَابٌ.] One says also أُطِيرَ الغُرَابُ [The crow was made to fly away]. (S.) [See مُطَارٌ.] b4: طيّر فُؤَادَهُ (tropical:) [He, or it, made his courage (lit. his heart) to fly away]. (S in art. فز, &c.) b5: طيّر المَالَ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ, and ↓ اطارهُ, He divided the property into lots, or shares, among the people: (O, K, * TA:) أَطَرْتُ, signifying I divided into lots, or shares, occurs in a trad.; but some say that the أ is a radical letter. (IAth, TA.) b6: طيّر الفَحْلُ الإِبِلَ means (assumed tropical:) The stallion made all the she-camels to conceive: (K, TA:) or, to conceive quickly. (TA.) And طَيَّرَتْ هِىَ [or طُيِّرَتْ?] They conceived quickly. (TA.) 3 طَاْيَرَ see 2, first sentence.4 أَطْيَرَ see 2, in two places.

A2: اطارت أَرْضُنَا Our land abounded, or became abundant, in birds. (TA.) 5 تطيّر مِنْهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and بِهِ, (S, K,) sometimes changed to اِطَّيَّرَ, (S, A, Msb,) as in the Kur xxvii. 48, the ت being incorporated into the ط, and this requiring a conjunctive ا that the word may begin with it [and not with a quiescent letter], (S,) inf. n. [or rather quasi-inf. n.]

طِيَرَةٌ, the only instance of the kind except خِيَرَةٌ, which is the same in relation to تَخَيَّرَ, (IAth,) He augured evil from it; regarded it as an evil omen. (S, Msb, K.) The Arabs, when they desired to set about an affair, passed by the places where birds lay upon the ground, and roused them, in order to learn thence whether they should proceed or refrain: but the law forbade this. (Msb.) They augured evil from the croaking of the crow, and from the birds' going towards the left; and in like manner, from the motions of gazelles. (TA.) تَفَآءَلَ signifies the contr. of تطيّر. (TA.) 6 تطاير (assumed tropical:) It became scattered, or dispersed; (S, K, TA;) flew away or about; went away; became reduced to fragments; (TA;) as also ↓ استطار, (K, TA,) and ↓ طَارَ. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) It became long, or tall; (S, K;) as also ↓ طَارَ, (Sgh, K,) which is said of hair, (TA,) as is also the former, (S, TA,) and of a camel's hump. (Sgh, TA.) It is said in a trad., خُذْ مَا تَطَايَرَ مِنْ شَعَرِكَ (S, TA) [Clip thou] what has become long and dishevelled [of thy hair]. (TA.) b3: تطاير السَّحَابُ فِى السَّمَآءِ (assumed tropical:) The clouds became spread throughout the sky. (K, TA.) [See also 10.]7 انطار It became split, slit, or cracked. (K, TA.) [See also 10, latter part.]10 استطار [He made a thing to fly. See also 2. b2: Hence,] (assumed tropical:) He drew forth a sword quickly from its scabbard. (K, * TA.) b3: اُسْتُطِيرَ (assumed tropical:) It (for ex., dust, S) was made to fly. (S, K.) You say, كَادَ يُسْتَطَارُ مِنْ شِدَّةِ عَدْوِهِ (tropical:) [He was almost made to fly by reason of the vehemence of his running]. (A.) And اُسْتُطِيرَ فُؤَادُهُ مِنَ الفَزَعِ (tropical:) [His courage (lit. his heart) was made to fly away by reason of fright]. (A.) b4: (assumed tropical:) He was taken away quickly, as though the birds carried him away. (TA.) b5: (assumed tropical:) He hastened, or was quick, in running; (K;) he ran quickly; (O, L;) said of a horse. (O, L, K.) [A signification of the pass. form; as though meaning he was made to fly.] b6: (assumed tropical:) He was [flurried, or] frightened. (O, K.) [As though meaning originally he was made to fly by reason of fright.]

A2: استطار (tropical:) It (the dawn) spread; (S, A, Msb, K;) its light spread in the horizon: (TA:) [see مُسْتَطِيرٌ:] and the verb is used in the same sense in relation to other things: (S:) said of lightning, it spread in the horizon: and of dust, it spread in the air: and of evil, it spread. (TA.) See also 6. b2: (tropical:) It (a crack in a wall) appeared and spread. (A.) [See also استطال.]) It (a slit, or crack, for السُّوقُ in the K is a mistake for الشَّقُّ, or, accord. to the L, a crack in a wall, TA) rose, (K,) and appeared. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) It (a crack in a glass vessel, and wear in a garment,) became apparent in the parts thereof. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) It (a wall) cracked (K, TA) from the beginning thereof to the end. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) It (a glass vessel) showed a crack in it from beginning to end. (TA.) [See also 7.]

A3: استطارت said of a bitch, She desired the male. (O, K.) طَيْرٌ: see طَائِرٌ, in seven places: b2: and see also طَيْرَةٌ, in two places.

A2: طَيْرُ طَيْرُ, (O,) or طَيْرِ طَيْرِ, (TA,) is a cry by which a sheep or goat is called. (O, TA.) طَيْرَةٌ and ↓ طَيْرُورَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ طَيْرٌ (S) (tropical:) Levity; inconstancy. (S, K, TA.) You say, فِى فُلَانٍ طَيْرَةٌ and ↓ طَيْرُورَةٌ, (tropical:) In such a one is levity, or inconstancy. (S.) And ↓ اُزْجُرْ أَحْنَآءَ طَيْرِكَ (tropical:) [alluding to the original signification of طَيْرٌ, namely, “birds,”] means جَوَانِبَ خِفَّتِكَ وَطَيْشِكَ [agreeing with an explanation of the same saying voce حِنْوٌ, q. v.]. (S.) b2: Also طَيْرَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A slip; a stumble: hence the trad., إِيَّاكَ وَطَيْرَاتِ الشَّبَابِ (assumed tropical:) Beware thou of the slips and stumbles of youth. (TA.) طِيْرَةٌ and طِيَرَةٌ and طِوَرَةٌ; see طَائِرٌ; the second, in four places.

طَيْرُورَةٌ: see طَيْرَةٌ, in two places.

طَيَّارٌ (tropical:) A sharp, spirited, vigorous, horse, (K, TA,) that is almost made to fly by reason of the vehemence of his running; (TA;) as also ↓ مُطَارٌ. (K, TA. [The latter word in the CK written مَطار; but said in the TA to be with damm, and so written in a copy of the A.]) [See also طَيُّورٌ.] b2: See also مُسْتَطِيرٌ.

A2: Also A company of men. (O.) A3: As applied to A balance, it is not of the language of the Arabs: (O:) [i. e., it is post-classical:] it means an assay-balance (مِيزَانٌ and مَعْيَارٌ) for gold; so called because of the form of a bird, or because of its lightness: or the balance for dirhems [or moneys] that is known among them [who use it] by the appellation of the قارسطون [meaning the χαριστίων of Archimedes, (as is observed in a note in p. 178 of vol. ii. of the sec. ed. of Har,) i. e. the hydrostatic balance]: or, accord. to El-Fenjedeehee, the tongue (لِسَات) of the balance. (Har pp. 549-50.) هُوَ طَيُّورٌ فَيُّورٌ (assumed tropical:) He is sharp, and quick in returning [to a good state], or recovering [from his anger]. (K.) [See also طَيَّارٌ.]

طَائِرٌ A flying thing [whether bird or insect]: (Msb, * TA:) pl. ↓ طَيْرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) like as صَحْبٌ is pl. of صَاحِبٌ: (S, Msb:) or طَيْرٌ is originally an inf. n. of طَارَ: or an epithet contracted from طَيِّرٌ: (TA:) or a quasi-pl. n.; (Mgh, TA;) and this is the most correct opinion: (TA:) [but see, below, a reason for considering it originally an inf. n.:] and طَائِرٌ may also be quasi-pl. n., like جَامِلٌ and بَاقِرٌ: (TA:) ↓ طَيْرٌ is also sometimes used as a sing.; (Ktr, AO, S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as in the Kur iii. 43 [and v. 110], accord. to one reading: (S:) but ISd says, I know not how this is, unless it be meant to be [originally] an inf. n.: (TA:) [for an inf. n. used as an epithet is employed as sing. and pl.:] or طَائِرٌ, only, is used as a sing., (Th, IAmb, Msb,) by general consent; and AO once said so in common with others: (Th:) but ↓ طَيْرٌ has a collective, or pl., signification: (IAmb, Msb:) and is fem.: (Mgh:) or is more frequently fem. than masc.: (IAmb, Msb:) the pl. of طَيْرٌ is طُيُورٌ [a pl. of mult.] and أَطْيَارٌ [a pl. of pauc.]: (S, Msb, K:) or طُيُورٌ may be pl. of طَائِرٌ, like as سُجُودٌ is pl. of سَاجِدٌ: (TA:) طَائِرَةٌ is seldom applied to the female. (IAmb, Msb.) b2: [الطَّائِر is a name of (assumed tropical:) The constellation Cygnus; also called الدَّجَاجَةُ.] b3: هُوَ سَاكِنُ الطَّائِرِ means (tropical:) He is grave, staid, sedate, (K,) or motionless; so that if a bird alighted upon him, it would be still; for if a bird alight upon a man, and he move in the least, the bird flies away. (TA.) Of the same kind also is the saying, رُزِقَ فُلَانٌ سُكُونَ الطَّائِرِ وَخَفْضَ الجِنَاحِ (tropical:) [Such a one was endowed, or has been endowed, with gravity and gentleness]. (TA.) And طُيُورُهُمْ سَوَاكِنُ (tropical:) They are remaining fixed, settled, or at rest: and شَالَتْ نَعَامَتُهُمْ signifies the contrary. (A, TA.) And ↓ كَأَنَّ عَلَى رُؤُسِهِمُ الطَّيْرَ (tropical:) [As though birds were on their heads] is said of a people, meaning them to be motionless by reason of reverence: (S, K:) it was said of the Companions of Mohammad, describing them as quiet and grave [in his presence], without levity: and the origin of the saying is this: that birds alight only upon a thing that is still and inanimate: (TA:) or that the crow alights upon the head of the camel, and picks from it the ticks, (S, K,) and the young ones thereof, (S,) and the camel does not move (S, K) his head, (S,) lest the crow should take fright and fly away. (S, K.) In like manner, وَقَعَ طَائِرُهُ means (tropical:) He became grave, or sedate. (Meyd.) And طَارَ↓ طَائِرُهُ (tropical:) He became light, or inconstant: (Meyd:) and he became angry; (O, K, TA;) like ثَارَ ثَائِرُهُ and فَارَ فَائِرُهُ: (TA:) or he hastened, and was light, or active, or agile. (Har p. 561.) b4: And it is said in a trad., الرُّؤْيَا عَلَى رِجْلِ طَائِرٍ مَا لَمْ تُعَبَّرْ (O, TA) (assumed tropical:) A dream is unsettled as to its result, or final sequel, while it is not interpreted. (TA.) [The Arabs hold that the result of a dream is affected by its interpretation: wherefore it is added in this tradition, and said in others also, that the dreamer should not relate his dream, unless to a friend or to a person of understanding.] b5: ↓ عَيَّثَتْ طَيْرُهُ see expl. in art. عيث. b6: طَائِرٌ also signifies A thing from which one augurs either good or evil; an omen, a bodement, of good or of evil: (K:) and ↓ طِيَرَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ طِيرَةٌ (K) and ↓ طِوَرَةٌ (IDrd, Sgh, K, TA [in the CK, in this art., erroneously, طُورَةٌ, but in art. طور it is طِوَرَة,]) a thing from which one augurs evil; an evil omen or bodement; (S, K, &c.;) contr. of فَأْلٌ: (TA:) and طَائِرٌ signifies fortune, (A'Obeyd, K, TA,) whether good or evil: (TA:) and especially evil fortune; ill luck; as also ↓ طَيْرٌ and ↓ طِيَرَةٌ: for the Arabs used to augur evil from the croaking of the crow, and from birds going towards the left: [see 5:] (TA:) and ↓ طِيَرَةٌ is an inf. n. [or rather a quasi-inf. n.] of تَطَيَّرَ, [q. v.,] (IAth,) and signifies auguration of evil. (Msb.) The Arabs used to say, to a man or other thing from which they augured evil, (TA,) طَائِرُ اللّٰهِ لَا طَائِرُكَ, (ISk, S, IAmb,) and طائرَ اللّٰه لا طائرَك, meaning What God doth and decreeth, not what thou dost and causest to be feared: (IAmb:) accord. to ISk, one should not say اللّٰهِ ↓ طَيْرُ: (S:) but the Arabs are related to have said, also, لَا طَيْرَ إِلَّا طَيْرُ اللّٰهِ [There is no evil fortune but that which is of God]; like as one says, لَا أَمْرَ إِلَّا أَمْرُ اللّٰهِ. (As, S.) They also used to say, جَرَى لَهُ الطَّائِرُ بِأَمْرِ كَذَا [Fortune brought to him such an event]: and hence fortune, whether good or evil, is called طائر. (TA.) And it is said in the Kur [vii. 128], إِنَّمَا طَائِرُهُمْ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ, meaning Their evil fortune, which will overtake them, is only that which is threatened to befall them in the latter state, [with God,] and not that which befalls them in the present state of existence: (TA:) or the cause of their good and evil is only with God; i. e., it is his decree and will: or the cause of their evil fortune is only with God; i. e., it is their works, which are registered with Him. (Bd.) It is said in a trad., that Mohammad liked what is termed فَأْل, and disliked what is termed ↓ طِيَرَة: (S:) and in another, that he denied there being any such thing as the latter. (TA.) A2: Also The means of subsistence; syn. رِزْقٌ. (K:) or misery: or happiness: every one of these three significations has been assigned to it in the Kur xvii. 14: in which, accord. to AM, it is meant that God has decreed to every man happiness or misery, according as He foresaw that he would be obedient or disobedient. (TA.) [See also what immediately follows.]

A3: Also The actions of a man which are [as it were] attached as a necklace to his neck. (S, Msb, K.) And this is [also said by some to be] its signification in the Kur xvii. 14. (Jel.) [The actions of a man are the cause of his happiness or misery.]

A4: الطَّائِرُ signifies also The brain. (AAF, L, K.) أَطْيَرُ مِنْ عُقَابٍ [More swift of flight than an eagle] is a prov. said of an عقاب because it may be in the morning in El-' Irák and in the evening in El- Yemen. (Meyd.) مَطَارٌ [A place to or from which a bird or other thing flies: in the phrase طَارَ قَلْبِى مَطَارَهُ, (see 1,) it lit. signifies a place to which one would fly:] a place of flying. (TA.) b2: أَرْضٌ مَطَارَةٌ [and ↓ مُطِيرَةٌ (see 4)] A land abounding with birds. (S, K.) A2: حَفْرٌ مَطَارٌ, (O,) and بِئْرٌ مَطَارَةٌ, (O, K,) [A pit, or cavity, and a well,] wide in the mouth. (O, K.) مُطَارٌ Made to fly away: En-Nábighah says, وَلِرَهْطِ حَرَّابٍ وَقَدٍّ سُورَةٌ فِى المَجْدِ لَيْسَ غُرَابُهُ بِمُطَارِ [And to the family of Harráb and Kadd belongs an eminence in glory of which they fear not any diminution: lit., of which the crow is not made to fly away; the greatness of their glory being likened to abundant seed-produce, as has been shown above: see 2]: (S:) A 'Obeyd says that Harráb and Kadd were two men of the BenooAsad. (TA in art. قد.) b2: See also طَيَّارٌ.

مُطِيرَةٌ: see مَطَارٌ.

مُطَيَّرٌ A sort of [garment of the kind called]

بُرْد (O, K) having upon it the forms of birds. (O.) A2: And Aloes-wood: (K:) or a certain preparation thereof: (AHn, TA:) or such as is مُطَرًّى [i. e. mixed with some other odoriferous substance]; formed by transposition from the latter word; (O, K;) but this pleased not ISd: (TA:) or aloes-wood split and broken in pieces. (O, K. *) مُسْتَطَارٌ [Made to fly.] b2: And hence,] (assumed tropical:) A horse that hastens, or is quick, in running: (K:) that runs quickly. (TS, L.) It is contracted by the poet 'Adee into مُسْطَار, or مُصْطَار. (TA.) And مُسْطَارٌ for مُسْتَطَارٌ is applied as an epithet to wine. (TA. [No ex. is there given to indicate the meaning.]) مُسْتَطِيرٌ (tropical:) Spreading; applied to dust; as also ↓ طَيَّارٌ; (TA;) and to hoariness; and to evil: (L:) rising and spreading; (K;) whereof the light spreads in the horizon; applied to the true dawn, which renders it unlawful to the faster to eat or drink or indulge in other carnal pleasure, and on the appearance of which the prayer of daybreak may be performed, and which is termed الخِيْطُ الأَبْيَضُ: that to which the epithet مُسْتَطِيل is applied is [the false dawn,] that which is likened to the tail of the wolf (ذَنَبُ السِّرْحَانِ), and is termed الخِيْطُ الأَسْوَدُ; and this does not render anything unlawful to the faster. (TA.) b2: Also A dog excited by lust; (Lth, O, K;) and so a camel; (K;) or the epithet applied in this sense to the latter is هَائِجٌ. (Lth, O, TA.)