البَحْرين:
هكذا يتلفظ بها في حال الرفع والنصب والجر، ولم يسمع على لفظ المرفوع من أحد منهم، إلّا أن الزمخشري قد حكى أنه بلفظ التثنية فيقولون:
هذه البحران وانتهينا الى البحرين، ولم يبلغني من جهة أخرى، وقال صاحب الزيج: البحرين في الإقليم الثاني، وطولها أربع وسبعون درجة وعشرون دقيقة من المغرب، وعرضها أربع وعشرون درجة
وخمس وأربعون دقيقة، وقال قوم: هي من الإقليم الثالث وعرضها أربع وثلاثون درجة، وهو اسم جامع لبلاد على ساحل بحر الهند بين البصرة وعمان، قيل هي قصبة هجر، وقيل: هجر قصبة البحرين وقد عدّها قوم من اليمن وجعلها آخرون قصبة برأسها.
وفيها عيون ومياه وبلاد واسعة، وربما عدّ بعضهم اليمامة من أعمالها والصحيح أن اليمامة عمل برأسه في وسط الطريق بين مكة والبحرين.
روى ابن عباس: البحرين من أعمال العراق وحدّه من عمان ناحية جرّفار، واليمامة على جبالها وربما ضمّت اليمامة الى المدينة وربما أفردت، هذا كان في أيام بني أميّة، فلما ولي بنو العباس صيّروا عمان والبحرين واليمامة عملا واحدا، قاله ابن الفقيه، وقال أبو عبيدة: بين البحرين واليمامة مسيرة عشرة أيام وبين هجر مدينة البحرين والبصرة مسيرة خمسة عشر يوما على الإبل، وبينها وبين عمان مسيرة شهر، قال: والبحرين هي الخطّ والقطيف والآرة وهجر وبينونة والزارة وجواثا والسابور ودارين والغابة، قال: وقصبة هجر الصّفا والمشقّر، وقال أبو بكر محمد بن القاسم: في اشتقاق البحرين وجهان:
يجوز أن يكون مأخوذا من قول العرب بحرت الناقة إذا شقّقت أذنها، والبحيرة: المشقوقة الأذن من قول الله تعالى: ما جَعَلَ الله من بَحِيرَةٍ وَلا سائِبَةٍ وَلا وَصِيلَةٍ وَلا حامٍ 5: 103، والسائبة معناها: ان الرجل في الجاهلية كان يسيب من ماله فيذهب به الى سدنة الآلهة، ويقال: السائبة الناقة التي كانت إذا ولدت عشرة أبطن كلهن إناث سيبت فلم تركب ولم يجزّ لها وبر وبحرت أذن ابنتها أي خرقت. والبحيرة:
هي ابنة السائبة، وهي تجري عندهم مجرى أمّها في التحريم، قال: ويجوز ان يكون البحرين من قول العرب: قد بحر البعير بحرا إذا أولع بالماء فأصابه منه داء، ويقال: قد أبحرت الروضة إبحارا إذا كثر إنقاع الماء فيها فأنبت النبات، ويقال للروضة:
البحرة، ويقال للدم الذي ليست فيه صفرة: دم باحريّ وبحرانيّ، قلت: هذا كله تعسف لا يشبه ان يكون اشتقاقا للبحرين، والصحيح عندنا ما ذكره أبو منصور الأزهري، قال: انما سمّوا البحرين لأن في ناحية قراها بحيرة على باب الأحساء، وقرى هجر بينها وبين البحر الأخضر عشرة فراسخ، قال:
وقدرت هذه البحيرة ثلاثة أميال في مثلها، ولا يفيض ماؤها، وماؤها راكد زعاق، وقال أبو محمد اليزيدي: سألني المهدي وسأل الكسائي عن النسبة الى البحرين والى حصنين لم قالوا حصنيّ وبحرانيّ؟
فقال الكسائي: كرهوا أن يقولوا حصنانيّ لاجتماع النونين، وانما قلت: كرهوا أن يقولوا بحريّ فتشبه النسبة الى البحر، وفي قصتها طول ذكرتها في أخبار اليزيدي من كتابي في أخبار الأدباء، وينسب الى البحرين قوم من أهل العلم، منهم محمد بن معمّر البحراني بصريّ ثقة حدّث عنه البخاري، والعباس ابن يزيد بن أبي حبيب البحراني، يعرف بعبّاسوية، حدث عن خالد بن الحارث وابن عيينة ويزيد بن زريع وغيرهم، روى عنه الباغندي وابن صاعد وابن مخلد، وهو من الثقات، مات سنة 258، وزكرياء بن عطية البحراني وغيرهم. واما فتحها فإنها كانت في مملكة الفرس وكان بها خلق كثير من عبد القيس وبكر بن وائل وتميم مقيمين في باديتها، وكان بها من قبل الفرس المنذر بن ساوي بن عبد الله ابن زيد بن عبد الله بن دارم بن مالك بن حنظلة بن مالك بن زيد مناة بن تميم، وعبد الله بن زيد هذا هو الأسبذي، نسب الى قرية بهجر، وقد ذكر في موضعه. فلما كانت سنة ثمان للهجرة وجه رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، العلاء بن عبد الله بن عماد الحضرمي حليف بني عبد شمس الى البحرين ليدعو أهلها الى الإسلام أو الى الجزية، وكتب معه الى المنذر بن ساوي والى سيبخت مرزبان هجر يدعوهما الى الإسلام أو الى الجزية، فأسلما وأسلم معهما جميع العرب هناك وبعض العجم. فأما أهل الأرض من المجوس واليهود والنصارى فإنهم صالحوا العلاء وكتب بينهم وبينه كتابا نسخته: بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم- هذا ما صالح عليه العلاء بن الحضرمي أهل البحرين، صالحهم على أن يكفونا العمل ويقاسمونا الثمر، فمن لا يفي بهذا فعليه لعنة الله والملائكة والناس أجمعين. وأما جزية الرؤوس فانه أخذ لها من كل حالم دينارا. وقد قيل: إن رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، وجّه العلاء حين وجّه رسله الى الملوك في سنة ستّ. وروي عن العلاء أنه قال: بعثني رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، الى البحرين، أو قال: هجر، وكنت آتي الحائط بين الأخوّة، قد أسلم بعضهم، فآخذ من المسلم العشر ومن المشرك الخراج. وقال قتادة: لم يكن بالبحرين قتال، ولكن بعضهم أسلم وبعضهم صالح العلاء على أنصاف الحب والتمر. وقال سعيد بن المسيب: أخذ رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، الجزية من مجوس هجر، وأخذها عمر من مجوس فارس، وأخذها عثمان من بربر. وبعث العلاء بن الحضرمي الى رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، مالا من البحرين يكون ثمانين ألفا، ما أتاه أكثر منه قبله ولا بعده، أعطى منه العباس عمه. قالوا: وعزل رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، العلاء وولّى البحرين أبان بن سعيد ابن العاصي بن أمية، وقيل إن العلاء كان على ناحية من البحرين منها القطيف، وأبان على ناحية فيها الخط، والأول أثبت، فلما توفي رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، أخرج أبان من البحرين فأتى المدينة، فسأل أهل البحرين أبا بكر أن يردّ العلاء عليهم ففعل، فيقال: إن العلاء لم يزل واليا عليهم حتى توفي سنة 20، فولّى عمر مكانه أبا هريرة الدوسي، ويقال:
ان عمر ولّى أبا هريرة قبل موت العلاء فأتى العلاء توّج من أرض فارس وعزم على المقام بها ثم رجع الى البحرين فأقام هناك حتى مات، فكان أبو هريرة يقول: دفنّا العلاء ثم احتجنا الى رفع لبنة فرفعناها فلم نجد العلاء في اللحد. وقال أبو مخنف: كتب عمر بن الخطاب الى العلاء بن الحضرمي يستقدمه وولى عثمان بن أبي العاصي البحرين مكانه وعمان، فلما قدم العلاء المدينة ولّاه البصرة مكان عتبة بن غزوان فلم يصل إليها حتى مات، ودفن في طريق البصرة في سنة 14 أو في أول سنة 15، ثم ان عمر ولى قدامة ابن مظعون الجمحي جباية البحرين وولى أبا هريرة الصلاة والاحداث، ثم عزل قدامة وحدّه على شرب الخمر، وولى أبا هريرة الجباية مع الاحداث، ثم عزله وقاسمه ماله، ثم ولى عثمان بن أبي العاصي عمان والبحرين فمات عمر وهو واليهما، وسار عثمان الى فارس ففتحها وكان خليفته على عمان والبحرين وهو بفارس أخاه مغيرة بن أبي العاصي. وروى محمد بن سيرين عن أبي هريرة قال: استعملني عمر بن الخطاب على البحرين فاجتمعت لي اثنا عشر ألفا، فلما قدمت على عمر قال لي: يا عدو الله والمسلمين، أو قال: عدو كتابه، سرقت مال الله، قال قلت: لست بعدو الله ولا المسلمين، أو قال: عدو كتابه، ولكني عدوّ من عاداهما، قال: فمن أين اجتمعت لك هذه الأموال؟ قلت:
خيل لي تناتجت وسهام اجتمعت، قال: فأخذ منى
اثني عشر ألفا، فلما صلّيت الغداة قلت: اللهم اغفر لعمر، قال: وكان يأخذ منهم ويعطيهم أفضل من ذلك، حتى إذا كان بعد ذلك قال: ألا تعمل يا أبا هريرة؟ قلت: لا، قال: ولم وقد عمل من هو خير منك يوسف؟ قال اجعلني على خزائن الأرض اني حفيظ عليم، قلت: يوسف نبي ابن نبي وأنا أبو هريرة ابن أمية وأخاف منكم ثلاثا واثنتين، فقال: هلا قلت خمسا؟ قلت: أخشى أن تضربوا ظهري وتشتموا عرضي وتأخذوا مالي، وأكره أن أقول بغير علم وأحكم بغير حلم. ومات المنذر بن ساوي بعد وفاة النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، بقليل وارتد من بالبحرين من ولد قيس بن ثعلبة بن عكابة مع الحطم وهو شريح بن ضبيعة بن عمرو بن مرثد أحد بني قيس بن ثعلبة، وارتدّ كلّ من بالبحرين من ربيــعة خلا الجارود بن بشر العبدي ومن تابعه من قومه، وأمّروا عليهم ابنا للنعمان بن المنذر يقال له المنذر، فسار الحطم حتى لحق بــربيــعة فانضمت اليه ربيــعة فخرج العلاء عليهم بمن انضمّ اليه من العرب والعجم، فقاتلهم قتالا شديدا، ثم ان المسلمين لجؤوا الى حصن جواثا، فحاصرهم فيه عدوهم، ففي ذلك يقول عبد الله ابن حذف الكلابي:
ألا أبلغ أبا بكر ألوكا، ... وفتيان المدينة أجمعينا
فهل لك في شباب منك أمسوا ... أسارى في جواث محاصرينا
ثم ان العلاء عني بالحطم ومن معه وصابره وهما متناصفان، فسمع في ليلة في عسكر الحطم ضوضاء، فأرسل اليه من يأتيه بالخبر، فرجع الرسول فأخبره أن القوم قد شربوا وثملوا، فخرج بالمسلمين فبيّت ربيــعة فقاتلوا قتالا شديدا فقتل الحطم. قالوا: وكان المنذر بن النعمان يسمى الغرور، فلما ظهر المسلمون قال: لست بالغرور ولكني المغرور، ولحق هو وفلّ ربيــعة بالخط فأتاها العلاء وفتحها، وقتل المنذر معه، وقيل: بل قتل المنذر يوم جواثا، وقيل:
بل استأمن ثم هرب فلحق فقتل، وكان العلاء كتب الى أبي بكر يستمده فكتب أبو بكر الى خالد بن الوليد وهو باليمامة يأمره بالنهوض اليه، فقدم عليه وقد قتل الحطم، ثم أتاه كتاب أبي بكر بالشخوص الى العراق فشخص من البحرين، وذلك في سنة 12، فقالوا: وتحصن المكعبر الفارسي صاحب كسرى الذي وجهه لقتل بني تميم حين عرضوا لعيره بالزارة، وانضمّ اليه مجوس كانوا تجمّعوا بالقطيف وامتنعوا من أداء الجزية، فأقام العلاء على الزارة فلم يفتحها في خلافة أبي بكر وفتحها في خلافة عمر، وقتل المكعبر، وانما سمي المكعبر لأنه كان يكعبر الايدي، فلما قتل قيل ما زال يكعبر حتى كعبر، فسمي المكعبر، بفتح الباء، وكان الذي قتله البراء بن مالك الأنصاري أخو أنس بن مالك. وفتح العلاء السابور ودارين في خلافة عمر عنوة.

عق

1 عَقَّ, (Msb, K, TA,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. عَقٌّ, (Mgh, O, Msb, TA,) He clave, split, slit, ripped, or rent; (Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA;) and he cut. (Mgh, O, TA.) You say, عَقَّ ثَوْبَهُ He slit, ripped, or rent, his garment. (Msb.) and عُقَّتْ تَمِيمَتُهُ فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ [His amulet was cut off among the sons of such a one]; said of a boy when he has attained to the prime of manhood, and become strong, with a tribe; originating from the fact that as long as the boy was an infant, his mother hung upon him amulets to preserve him from the evil eye; and when he became full-grown, they were cut off from him: whence the saying of a poet, بِلَادٌ بِهَا عَقَّ الشَّبَابُ تَمِيمَتِى

وَأَوَّلُ أَرْضٍ مَسَّ جِلْدِى تُرَابُهَا [A country in which the attaining to the prime of manhood cut off my amulet, and the first land of which the dust touched my skin]. (TA.) b2: and [hence,] عَقَّتِ الرِّيحُ المُزْنَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, The wind drew forth a shower of fine rain from the مزن [or clouds containing water]; as though it rent them. (TA.) And عُقَّتِ السَّحَابَةُ The cloud poured forth its water; [as though it were rent;] and ↓ اِنْعَقَّت [means the same]; (TA;) and ↓ اعتقّت [likewise]. (O.) b3: and عَقَّ عَنْ وَلَدِهِ, (S, Msb,) or عَنِ المَوْلُودِ, (K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb, TA) and عَقِّ, (TA,) inf. n. عَقٌّ, (S, Msb,) He slaughtered as a sacrifice (S, Msb, K, TA) for his child, (S, Msb,) or for the new-born child, (K,) a sheep or goat, (T, Msb, TA,) [generally the latter,] on the seventh day after the birth. (T, S, Msb, TA.) And He shaved the [hair termed] عَقِيقَة [q. v.] (S, TA) of his child, (S,) or of the new-born child. (TA.) b4: And عَقَّ بِالسَّهْمِ He shot the arrow towards the sky; and that arrow was called عَقِيقَةٌ; (S, O, K;) and it was the arrow of self-excuse: they used to do thus in the Time of Ignorance [on the occasion of a demand for blood-revenge]; and if the arrow returned smeared with blood, they were not content save with the retaliation of slaughter; but if it returned clean, they stroked their beards, and made reconciliation on the condition of the bloodwit; the stroking of the beards being a sign of reconciliation: the arrow, however, as IAar says, did not [ever] return otherwise than clean: (S, O:) the origin was this: a man of the tribe was slain, and the slayer was prosecuted for his blood; whereupon a company of the chief men [of the family of the slayer] collected themselves together to the heirs [who claimed satisfaction for the blood] of the slain, and offered the bloodwit, asking forgiveness for the blood; and if the heir [who claimed satisfaction and who acted for himself and his coheirs] was a strong man, impatient of injury, he refused to take the bloodwit; but if weak, he consulted the people of his tribe, and then said to the petitioners, “We have, between us and our Creator, a sign denoting command and prohibition: we take an arrow, and set it on a bow, and shoot it towards the sky; and if it return to us smeared with blood, we are forbidden to take the bloodwit, and are not content save with the retaliation of slaughter; but if it return clean, as it went up, we are commanded to take the bloodwit: ” so they made reconciliation; for this arrow never returned otherwise than clean; and thus they had an excuse in the opinion of the ignorant of them. (L, TA.) A poet (S, O, TA) of the family of the slain, said by some to be of Hudheyl, by IB to be El-As'ar El-Joafee, who was absent from this reconciliation, (TA,) says, عَقُّوا بِسَهْمٍ ثُمَّ قَالُوا صَالِحُوا يَا لَيْتَنِى فِى القَوْمِ إِذْ مَسَحُوا الِلُّحَى

[They shot an arrow towards the sky; them they said, “Make ye reconciliation: ” would that I were among the party when they stroked the beards]: (S, O, TA:) or, as some relate it, the first word is عَقَّوْا, with fet-h to the ق; which belongs to the class of unsound verbs [i. e. to art. عقى]. (S, O.) b5: One says also, عَقَّ وَالِدَهُ, (S, O, K,) or أَبَاهُ, (Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. عُقُوقٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and مَعَقَّةٌ (S, O, K) and عَقٌّ, (TA,) He was undutiful, disobedient, refractory, or ill-mannered, to his parent, or father; contr. of بَرَّهُ; (K;) he broke his compact of obedience to his parent, or father; (TA;) he disobeyed his father; and failed, or neglected, to behave to him in a good, or comely, manner. (Msb.) And عَقَّ الرَّحِمَ, (TA, and Ham p. 93,) like قَطَعَهَا [i. e. He severed the tie, or ties, of relationship, by unkind behaviour to his kindred]. (Ham ib.) and عَقَّ [alone], aor. ـُ inf. n. عُقُوقٌ, [He was undutiful, &c.; or he acted undutifully, &c.; or] he contravened, or opposed, him whom he was under an obligation to obey. (Har p. 158.) عُقُوقُ الوَالِدَيْنِ [Undutiful treatment, &c., of the two parents] is said in a trad. to be one of the great sins. (O.) And it is said in a prov., العُقُوقُ

أَحَدُ الثُّكْلَيْنِ [Undutiful treatment of a parent is one of the two sorts of being bereft of a child]: or, as some relate it, العُقُوقُ ثُكْلُ مَنْ لَمْ يَثْكَلْ [Undutiful treatment of a parent is (like) the bereavement of him who is not (really) bereft of his child]: i. e. he whom his children have treated undutifully (مِنْ عَقَّهُ وَلَدُهُ) is as though he were bereft of his children although they are living. (O.) [See also 3: and 4.] b6: Hence, from عُقُوقُ الوَالِدَيْنِ, the verb is metaphorically used in the saying, in a trad., مَثَلُكُمْ وَمَثَلُ عَائِشَةَ مَثَلُ العَيْنِ فِى الرَّأْسِ تُؤْذِى صَاحِبَهَا وَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَعُقَّهَا إِلَّا بِالَّذِى هُوَ خَيْرٌ لَهَا (tropical:) [The similitude of you and of 'Áïsheh is that of the eye in the head, when it hurts its owner, and he cannot treat it severely save with that which is good for it: app. meaning that her severity was for the good of the objects thereof]. (TA.) A2: عَقَّ, intrans., said of lightning: see 7.

A3: عَقَّتْ said of a mare, and of an ass: see 4.

A4: عَقَّتِ الدَّلْوُ, inf. n. عَقُّ, means The bucket came up full from the well; and some of the Arabs say عَقَّت as having تَعْقِيَةٌ for its inf. n.; but it is [said to be] originally ↓ عَقَّقَت, the third ق being changed into ى, [which is then in this case suppressed,] like as they said تَظَنَّيْتُ from الظَّنُّ: [it is, however, mentioned in the TA in art. عقو also, and there expl. as meaning it rose in the well turning round: and from what here follows, it appears to mean it rose swiftly, cleaving the air:] a poet, cited by IAar, says, of a bucket, عَقَّتْ كَمَا عَقَّتْ دَلُوفُ العِقْبَانٌ meaning It clave [the air of] the well, rising swiftly, like the hastening of the swift eagle in its flight towards the prey. (TA in the present art.) 2 عَقَّّ see above, last sentence.3 عَاقَقْتُ فُلَانًا, aor. ـَ inf. n. عِقَاقٌ, I contravened, or opposed, such a one. (TA.) [See also عَقَّ وَالِدَهُ, in the latter half of the first paragraph.]4 اعقّ فُلَانٌ i. q. جَآءَ بِالعُقُوقِ [i. e. Such a one did that which was an act of undutifulness, disobedience, refractoriness, or ill manners, to his father or the like]. (S, TA.) [See also عَقَّ وَالِدَهُ, in the latter half of the first paragraph.] b2: and you say, مَا أَعَقَّهُ لِوَالِدِهِ [How undutiful, disobedient, refractory, or ill-mannered, is he to his father!]. (TA.) A2: اعقّت She (a mare, S, O, K, and an ass, TA) conceived, or became pregnant; (S, O, K;) or she did not conceive, or become pregnant, after having been covered by the stallion, or during a year or two years or some years; (K;) and ↓ عَقَّتْ, aor. ـِ (O, K, TA,) the verb being of the class of ضَرَبَ, (TA,) inf. n. عَقَاقٌ and عَقَقٌ (O, K, TA) and عُقُوقٌ, (CK, but not in other copies,) signifies the same, (O, * K, TA,) said of a mare, (O, K,) and of an ass; (O;) or عَقَاقٌ signifies pregnancy itself, as also عِقَاقٌ, (K,) and عَقَقٌ; (S, O;) or عَقَّتْ signifies she became pregnant; and اعقّت, the [hair called] عَقِيقَة grew in her belly upon the young one that she bore. (TA.) b2: Also It (a palm-tree, and a grape-vine) put forth what are termed عِقَّان [q. v.]. (S, O, K.) A3: اعقّهُ He made it bitter; (S, O, K;) namely, water; said of God; like اقعّهُ. (S, O.) and اعقّت الأَرْضُ المَآءَ The earth made the water bitter. (TA.) 7 انعقّ It became cloven, split, slit, ripped, or rent; or it clave, split, &c.; said of anything; (S, O, K, TA;) mentioned by Th as said of a garment. (TA.) b2: انعقّت السَّحَابَهُ The cloud became rent with the water. (S, O, K.) See also 1, first quarter. [And see 8.] b3: انعقّ البَرْقُ and ↓ عَقَّ [of which latter the aor. is probably يَعَقُّ, and the inf. n. عَقَقٌ, said in the K to mean اِنْشِقَاقٌ,] signify تَشَقَّقَ and اِنْشَقَّ [as though meaning The lightning became cloven]; (TA;) [but] the former is expl. as signifying the lightning was, or became, in a state of commotion (تَضَرَّبَ) in the clouds. (S, O.) [Another meaning is suggested by an explanation of عَقِيقَةٌ (q. v.) in relation to lightning.] b4: انعقّ الغُبَارُ i. q. سَطَعَ [app. as meaning The dust spread, or diffused itself]: (IF, O, K:) or اِنْشَقَّ وَسَطَعَ [became cleft, and diffused itself]. (TA.) b5: انعقّ الوَادِى The valley was, or became, deep. (TA.) A2: انعقّت العُقْدَةُ The knot became strongly, or firmly, tied. (O, * K, * TA.) 8 اعتقّ السَّحَابُ The clouds became rent, (K, TA,) and their water poured forth. (TA.) See also 1, first quarter. [And see 7.]

A2: اعتقّ السَّيْفَ He drew the sword (O, K) from its scabbard. (O.) A3: And اعتقّ [probably from عَقَّ بِالسَّهْمِ, q. v.,] He exceeded the due bounds, or was immoderate, in excusing himself. (TA.) R. Q. 1 عَقْعَقَ بِصَوْتِهِ, (O, TA,) inf. n. عَقْعَقَةٌ, (S, O,) said of the عَقْعَق [or magpie], It uttered a [kind of chattering] cry, (S, * O, TA,) resembling the sound of ع and ق [or the repeated sound of عَقْ]; (O, TA;) whence its name: and said of a bird [that utters a cry of this kind] when it comes and goes. (TA.) b2: And عَقْعَقَةٌ signifies also The shaking, or being in a state of commotion, [so as to produce a kind of crackling, or rustling, sound,] of paper, and of a new garment; like قَعْقَعَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) عَقٌّ Any cleft, or furrow, and any hole, in sand &c. (S, TA.) See also عَقَّةٌ.

A2: Also i. q. عَاقٌّ, q. v. (O, K.) A3: مَآءٌ عَقٌّ: see عُقٌّ.

مَآءٌ عُقٌّ, with damm, (K, TA,) or ↓ عَقٌّ, (thus written in my copies of the S and in the O,) and ↓ عُقَاقٌ, (O, K, TA,) Bitter water: (S, O, K:) or intensely bitter water: used alike as sing. and pl.: (TA:) like قُعٌّ, (TA,) or قَعٌّ, (S, O,) and قُعَاعٌ. (O, TA.) عِقٌّ: see what next follows.

عَقَّةٌ A deep excavation, hollow, cavity, trench, or the like, in the ground; (K, TA;) as also ↓ عِقٌّ, accord. to the K, there said to be with kesr, but correctly ↓ عَقٌّ, with fet-h, [q. v.,] which signifies an elongated excavation in the ground, and is originally an inf. n.; thus in the L. (TA.) b2: And A blaze of lightning extending in an elongated form in the sky, (IDrd, O, K,) or in the side of the clouds, (A, TA,) and said to be as though it were a drawn sword. (TA.) [See also عَقِيقَةٌ.]

عُقَّةٌ A certain thing with which boys play. (L, K, TA.) عِقَّةٌ: see عَقِيقَةٌ, in the former half.

عَقَقٌ: see عَقَاقٌ. b2: It is said in the K to be syn. with عَاقٌّ; but in this sense the correct word is عُقَقٌ. (TA.) عُقَقٌ: see عُقِيقَةٌ, latter half: A2: and see also عَاقٌّ, in two places.

عُقُقٌ, as a sing. and as a pl.: see عَاقٌّ.

عَقَاقٌ is an inf. n. of عَقَّتْ said of a mare (O, K) and of an ass: (O:) or it signifies Pregnancy (AA, S, K) itself; (K;) as also ↓ عِقَاقٌ, (K,) and ↓ عَقَقٌ [which is likewise said to be an inf. n. of عَقَّتْ]. (S.) You say, أَظْهَرَتِ الأَتَانُ عَقَاقًا The she-ass manifested pregnancy. (AA, S, O.) b2: And, accord. to Esh-Shafi'ee, An embryo; or a fœtus. (TA.) A2: عَقَاقِ, like قَطَامِ, [indecl.,] is a [proper] name for العُقُوقُ [Undutifulness, disobedience, refractoriness, or ill manners, to a parent, or the like]: (K, TA:) mentioned by IB, and in the O. (TA.) عُقَاقٌ, applied to water: see عُقٌّ.

عِقَاقٌ: see عَقَاقٌ.

عَقُوقٌ, applied to a mare, (S, O, K, TA,) and to an ass, (TA,) Pregnant: (S, O, K:) or not pregnant after having been covered by the stallion, or during a year or two years or some years; (K;) or it signifies thus also; (O;) having two contr. meanings; (K;) or it is applied to one in the latter state as implying a presage of good; (O, K;) so says AHát; (O, TA;) i. e., as though they meant that she would become pregnant: (TA:) it is extr.; [as being from أَعَقَّتْ;] and one should not say ↓ مُعِقٌّ; or this is a bad dial. var.; (S, O, K;) or, accord. to AA, it is from اعقّت, and عَقُوقٌ is from عَقَّتْ: (TA:) the pl. is عُقُقٌ, and عِقَاقٌ is a pl. pl., (S, O, K,) i. e. pl. of عُقُقٌ. (S, O.) It is said in a prov., طَلَبَ الأَبْلَقَ العَقُوقَ, meaning He sought an impossible thing; because ابلق is applied to a male, and عقوق means pregnant: (S, O, and K in art. بلق) or الابلق العقوق means the dawn, because it breaks, lit, cleaves. (O, and K in art. بلق.) b2: نَوَى

العَقُوقِ means Date-stones that are easily broken, (Lth, S, O, K,) soft to be chewed; (Lth, O, K;) which are given as provender to camels, (S,) or to the pregnant thereof, in consideration of her state, wherefore they are thus called; and which are eaten, or chewed, by the old woman; but this is of the speech of the people of El Basrah, and not known by the Arabs in their desert: (Lth, O:) and sometimes they called a single date-stone of this sort ↓ عَقِيقَةٌ. (S.) A2: See also عَاقٌّ.

عَقِيقٌ Cleft, split, slit, ripped, or rent; and cut; as also ↓ مَعْقُوقٌ. (TA.) b2: And [hence] Any channel which the water of a torrent has cloven (S, O, Msb, * K) of old (Msb) and made wide: (S, O:) and a valley: (O, K:) pl. أَعِقَّةٌ (S, O, Msb, K, TA) and عَقَائِقُ. (TA.) And عَقَائِقُ signifies also Pools of water in cleft furrows: (AHn, TA:) and some say, red sands. (TA.) b3: See also عَقِيقَةٌ, in two places.

A2: Also [Carnelian;] a species of فُصُوص [or stones that are set in rings]; (S;) a sort of stone, (Msb,) or red خَرَز [meaning precious stones], (O, K,) of which فُصُوص are made; (O, Msb;) existing in ElYemen, (K, TA,) near to Esh-Shihr, said by Et-Teefáshee to be brought from mines thereof at San'à, (TA,) and on the shores of the Sea of Roomeeyeh; one kind thereof is of a turbid appearance, like water running from salted flesh-meat, and having in it faint white lines, (K, TA,) and this, Et-Teefáshee says, is what is known by the appellation الرطبى [so in my original]; the best kind is the red; then, the yellow; then, the white; and the other kinds are bad: or, as some say, the streaked (المُشَطَّب) is the best: (TA:) [I omit some absurd assertions in the K and TA respecting various virtues supposed to be possessed by this stone:] the n. un. is with ة: and the pl. is عَقَائِقُ. (O, K.) [العَقِيقُ اليَمَانِىُّ is an appel-lation applied by some to The agate.]

عَقِيقَةٌ [a subst. from عَقِيقٌ, made so by the affix ة. Hence, because cleft, or furrowed, in the earth,] A river, or rivulet. (IAar, O, K.) b2: And A fillet, or bandage, (عِصَابَةٌ,) at the time of its being rent from a garment, or piece of cloth. (IAar, O, K.) b3: And The prepuce of a boy (AO, IAar, O, K) when he is circumcised. (TA.) b4: And [app. because made of cut pieces of skin,] A [leathern water-bag such as is commonly called]

مَزَادَة. (IAar, O, K.) b5: Also The wool of a جَذَع [or sheep in or before its second year]: (S, O, K, TA:) that of a ثَنِىّ [or sheep in its third year] is called جَنِيبَةٌ: (TA:) and the hair of a young one recently born, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) that comes forth upon his head in his mother's belly, (TA,) of human beings, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) because it is cut off on his seventh day, (Mgh,) and of others, (Msb,) [i. e.] of beasts likewise; (S, O, K, TA;) as also ↓ عَقِيقٌ and ↓ عِقَّةٌ; (S, O, Msb, K;) but A 'Obeyd says that he had not heard this last except in relation to human beings and asses: (S, O, K: *) its pl. (i. e. the pl. of عِقَّةٌ) is عِقَقٌ: (O, K:) [the pl. of عَقِيقَةٌ and عَقِيقٌ is عَقَائِقُ: a law of the Sunneh requires that the عَقِيقَة of an infant should be weighed, and its weight in silver be given to the poor: (and Herodotus, in ii. 65, mentions a similar custom as obtaining among the Ancient Egyptians:)] when the hair has once fallen from the young [by its being cut], the term عَقِيقَةٌ ceases to be applied to it: so says Lth: (O, TA:) but it occurs in a trad. applied to hair as being likened to the hair of a recently-born infant. (TA.) b6: Hence, (S, O,) it is applied also to The sheep, or goat, [generally the latter,] that is slaughtered (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) as a sacrifice for the recentlyborn infant (S, Mgh, Msb) on the occasion of the shaving of the infant's hair (O, K) on the seventh day after his birth, (S, Msb,) and of which the limbs are divided, and cooked with water and salt, and given as food to the poor: (Lth, TA:) Z holds it to be thus called from the same word as applied to the hair: but it is said [by some] to be so called because it is slaughtered by cutting the windpipe and gullet and the two external jugular veins: (TA:) the Prophet disallowed this appellation, (Mgh, Msb,) as being of evil omen, (Mgh,) or as though he saw them to regard it as of evil omen, (Msb,) and desired them to use نَسِيكَةٌ in its stead; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) saying I like not العُقُوق. (TA.) b7: عَقِيقَةُ البَرْقِ signifies What remains [for an instant] in the clouds, of the rays, or beams, of lightning; (Lth, O, K;) as also ↓ العُقَقُ; (K;) which, as well as العَقِيقَةُ, is also expl. as meaning lightning which one sees in the midst of the clouds, resembling a drawn sword: (TA:) or عَقِيقَةُ البَرْقِ signifies lightning in a state of commotion in the clouds: (S, O:) or lightning extending in an elongated form in the side, or breadth, of the clouds: (TA:) or lightning that cleaves the clouds, and extends high, into the midst of the sky, without going to the right and left: (S in art. خفو:) or, as expl. by Aboo-Sa'eed, a flash of lightning that has spread in the horizon: (O, voce شَقِيقَةٌ:) a sword is likened thereto: (S, O, K:) and [the pl.] عَقَائِقُ is a name for swords: (O, K:) ↓ عَقِيقٌ, also, signifies lightning. (TA.) b8: And عَقِيقَةٌ signifies also An arrow shot towards the sky; (S, O, K;) the arrow of self-excuse; which was used in the manner described in the explanation of the phrase عَقَّ بِالسَّهْمِ [q. v.]. (S, O.) b9: See also عَقُوقٌ, last signification.

سَحَابَةٌ عَقَّاقَةٌ A cloud pouring forth its water: (TA:) or a cloud much rent by water. (T, TA voce هَيْدَبٌ.) عِقَّانٌ Shoots that come forth from the أُصُول [meaning trunks, or stems,] of palm-trees and of grape-vines; (S, O, K;) and which, if not cut off, cause the اصول to become vitiated, or unsound. (S, O.) [See also صُنْبُورٌ: and see عَوَاقٌّ, below.]

عَقْعَقٌ [The magpie, corvus pica; so called in the present day;] a certain bird, (S, O, Msb, K,) well known, (S, O,) of the size of the pigeon, (Msb,) party-coloured, black and white, (O, Msb, K,) having a long tail, (O, Msb,) said by Is-hák El-Mowsilee to be the same that is called شَجَجَى, (Th, IB, TA,) a species of crow, (IAth, Msb, TA,) wherefore it is said in a trad. that the man in the state of إِحْرَام may kill it; (IAth, TA;) its cry resembles the sound of ع and ق [or the repeated sound of عَقْ]; (O, K;) and the Arabs regard it as an evil omen. (Msb.) [See also صُرَدٌ.]

عَاقٌّ Undutiful, disobedient, refractory, or illmannered, to his parent, or father; (S, * O, * K;) breaking, or one who breaks, his compact of obedience to his parent, or father; (TA;) disobeying, or disobedient to, his father; and failing, or neglecting, to behave to him in a good, or comely, manner; (Msb;) [and severing, or one who severs, the tie, or ties, of relationship, by unkind behaviour to his kindred; (see its verb;)] and ↓ عَقٌّ signifies the same; (O, K;) as also ↓ عُقَقٌ, (S, O, TA,) but in an intensive sense, altered from عَاقٌّ, like غُدَر and فُسَق from غَادِر and فَاسِق, in the K erroneously said to be عَقَقٌ; (TA;) and ↓ عُقُقٌ; (L, and TA as from the K, but not in my MS. copy of the K nor in the CK;) which last signifies also [as a pl.] men severing, or who sever, the ties of relationship, by unkind behaviour to their kindred; and also remote, or distant, enemies: (TA:) [and ↓ عَقُوقٌ is app. used (as Freytag asserts it to be) in the sense of عَاقٌّ in the Fákihet el-Khulatà, p. 55, 1. 7 from the bottom:] the pl. of عَاقٌّ is عَقَقَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) like كَفَرَةٌ, (S,) and عُقَّقٌ, like رُكَّعٌ, a form used by Ru-beh, (O,) and أَعِقَّةٌ, which is an extr. [meaning anomalous] pl. (Ham p. 93.) ↓ ذُقٌ عُقَقُ, (S, O,) in a trad., (S,) said by Aboo-Sufyán to Hamzeh on the day of Ohod, when he passed by him slain, (S, * O,) means ذُقٌ جَزَآءَ فِعْلِكَ [Taste thou the recompense of thy deed], (S,) or ذُقِ القَتْلَ [taste thou slaughter], (O,) يَا عَاقُّ [O undutiful, &c.; or, accord. to the explanation in the TA mentioned above, عُقَقُ, for يَا عُقَقُ, means O very undutiful, &c.]. (S, O.) عَوَاقُّ النَّخْلِ The shoots, or offsets, of the palmtrees, that grow forth therewith. (O, K.) [See also عِقَّانٌ.]

أَعَقُّ مِنْ ضَبٍّ [More undutiful, &c., to kindred, than a lizard of the species called ضبّ] is a prov. [mentioned, but not expl., in the O]: IAar says, the female [of the ضبّ] is meant; and its عُقُوق consists in its eating its young ones. (TA.) [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 152-3. And see an ex. of أَعَقُّ in a verse cited in art. زهد, conj. 2.]

مُعِقٌّ: see عَقُوقٌ.

مَعْقُوقٌ: see عَقِيقٌ, first sentence.

حقد

1 حَقَدَ عَلَيْهِ, (S, A, L, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ and حَقِدَ عليه, aor. ـْ inf. n. (of the former, S, or of both, L, TA) حِقْدٌ, (S, L, Msb, * K,) or this is a simple subst., (L,) and (of the former, L, or of both, TA) حَقْدٌ (L, K) and (of the latter, S, L) حَقَدٌ (S, L, K) and [app. of both, or perhaps this is a simple subst.,] حَقِيدَةٌ; (K;) and ↓ تحقّد; (L, K;) [and ↓ احتقد; (see حَاقِدٌ;)] He bore rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite, (ضِغْن,) against him; (S, L;) he hid enmity, and violent hatred, against him in his heart; (Msb;) he retained, or held fast, enmity against him in his heart, watching for an opportunity to indulge it or exercise it (A, L, K) speedily. (A.) [Accord. to the A, this signification is from the one here next following.] b2: حَقَدَ, (IAar, A, L,) or حَقِدَ, (K,) inf. n. حَقَدٌ; (L;) and ↓ احقد, (IAar, A, L,) and ↓ احتقد, (K,) or both these augmented forms; (TA;) It (a mine) ceased to yield anything; (IAar, L, K;) or yielded nothing: (A:) and it (rain) withheld itself. (IAar, L, K.) b3: حَقِدَتْ, (K, TA,) inf. n. حَقَدٌ; (TA;) or حَقَدَتْ; (CK;) or ↓ احقدت; (so in a MS. copy of the K;) She (a camel) became full of fat. (K.) 4 احقدهُ He, (a person, S, L,) or it, (a thing, L,) caused him to bear rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite, (ضِغْن,) [against another;] (S, L;) [caused him to hide enmity, and violent hatred, in his heart; (see 1;)] caused him to retain, or hold fast, enmity in his heart, watching for an opportunity to indulge it or exercise it [speedily]. (L, K.) A2: احقد, intrans.: see 1, in two places. b2: احقدوا They sought to obtain something from a mine and found it not. (S, K: copied by J from a book, but not heard by him.) 5 تَحَقَّدَ see 1.6 تحاقدوا [They bore mutual rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite; they hid mutual enmity, and violent hatred, in their hearts; (see 1;)] they retained, or held fast, mutual enmity in their hearts, watching for opportunities to indulge it or exercise it speedily. (A.) 8 إِحْتَقَدَ see 1, in two places.

حِقْدٌ (S, A, L, Msb, K) and ↓ حَقِيدَةٌ (L, K) Rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite; syn. ضِغْنٌ; (S, A, L;) concealment of enmity, and violent hatred, in the heart; (Msb;) retention of enmity in the heart, with watchfulness for an opportunity to indulge it or exercise it [speedily: see 1]: (L, K:) pl. of the former أَحْقَادٌ [a pl. of pauc.] (S, A, L, Msb, K) and حقُوُدٌ (A, L, K) and (of the latter, L) حَقَائِدُ. (L, K.) حَقِدُ: see حَاقِدٌ.

حَقُودٌ (S, A, L, K) A man [very rancorous, malevolent, malicious, or spiteful; wont to hide enmity, and violent hatred, in his heart;] wont often, or to a great degree, to retain, or hold fast, enmity in his heart, watching for opportunities to indulge it or exercise it [speedily]. (L, K.) حَقِيدَةٌ: see حِقْدٌ.

حَاقِدٌ (A, L) and ↓ حَقِدٌ (Ham p. 516) [Bearing rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite; hiding enmity, and violent hatred, in the heart;] retaining, or holding fast, enmity in the heart, and watching for an opportunity to indulge it or exercise it [speedily]; applied to a man; (L;) and in like manner to a heart, as also ↓ مُحْتَقِدٌ. (A.) مَحْقِدٌ Origin; syn. أَصْلٌ; (IAar;) i. q. مَحْتِدٌ (K) and مَحْفِدٌ and مَحْكِدٌ. (TA.) مَحْقُودٌ عَلَيْهِ A man [against whom rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite, is borne; against whom enmity, and violent hatred, are hidden in the heart;] against whom enmity is retained in the heart, or hearts, with watchfulness for an opportunity to indulge it or exercise it speedily. (A.) مُحْتَقِدٌ: see حَاقِدٌ.

حرد

1 حَرَدَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, K,) inf. n. حَرْدٌ, (S, Msb,) He tended, repaired, betook himself, or directed himself or his course or aim, to or towards; made for or towards; aimed at; sought, pursued, desired, or intended; (him, or it; IAar, K;) syn. قَصَدَ. (IAar, S, A, Msb, K.) Agreeably with this explanation, some render the words of the Kur [lxviii. 25], وَغَدَوْا عَلَى حَرْدٍ

قَادِرِينَ. (S.) You say to a man, ↓ قَدْ حَرَدْتُ حَرْدَكَ I have tended, repaired, &c., to, or towards, thee; like قَصَدْتُ قَصْدَكَ (Fr, S, * L) and أَقْبَلْتُ قِبَلَكَ. (Fr, L.) A rájiz says, (S,) namely, Hassán, (so in a copy of the S,) أَقْبَلَ سَيْلٌ جَآءَ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللّٰهَ يَحْرِدُ حَرْدَ الجَنَّةِ المُغِلَّهْ

[A torrent advanced, that came by the command of God, tending to the fruitful garden]. (S.) A2: Also, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. حَرْدٌ, (S, L,) He prevented, hindered, impeded, withheld, restrained, debarred, inhibited, forbade, prohibited, or interdicted; (IAar, S, K;) and so ↓ حرّد, (L, K,) inf. n. تَحْرِيدٌ. (TA.) Agreeably with this explanation, also, some render the words of the Kur cited above: from حَارَدَتْ said of she-camels, meaning “ they became scanty in their supplies of milk. ” (S.) A3: Also, aor. ـِ (S, L, K,) or ـُ (Az, S, L,) inf. n. حُرُودٌ; (S, K;) [and app. ↓ تحرّد and ↓ انحرد; (see حَرِيدٌ;)] He (a man) separated himself from others; (K;) he left, or abandoned, or forsook, his people, and removed from them; (Az, S;) he retired from his people, and alighted, or took up his abode, in a place by himself. (S.) A4: حَرِدَ, (Sb, S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) and حَرَدَ, aor. ـِ (L, K,) inf. n. حَرْدٌ, (Sb, As, T, IDrd, S, Msb, &c.,) so says Aboo-Nasr Ahmad Ibn-Hátim, companion of As, (S,) and حَرَدٌ, (T, S, Msb,) this latter form of the inf. n. sometimes used, accord. to ISk, (S,) and this is the form heard by Az and AO and As from the Arabs of chaste speech, (TA,) but both forms are chaste, (IAar, TA,) though the former is the more common, (IAar, Msb,) He was, or became, angry: (S, Msb, K, &c.:) he was, or became, exasperated (تحرّش) by one who angered him, and desired to kill him. (T, L.) And حَرَدَ عَلَيْهِ (A, L) and حَرِدَ (L) He was angry with him. (A, L.) A5: حَرِدَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. حَرَدٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He (a camel) had the disease termed حَرَدٌ [q. v.]: (K:) he had the tendons, or sinews, of one of his fore legs relaxed by the cord whereby the fore shank is sometimes bound up to the arm, or had them in that state naturally, (S, Mgh, Msb, *) so that he shook his fore legs, (S,) or so that he beat the ground [with the fore leg], (Mgh, Msb,) in walking, or going: (S, Mgh, Msb:) or he (a camel) had the tendon, or sinew, of his arm broken, so that his fore leg became lax, and he never ceased to shake it: the tendon, or sinew, breaks only in the outer side of the arm, and it [the arm] seems, when the camel walks or is in motion, as though it stretched, by reason of his raising it so high from the ground, and by reason of its laxness: (ISh, TA:) or he (a beast) raised his legs very high, in walking, or going, and put them down in their place, by reason of his being very short in his step. (L.) b2: Also, aor. and inf. n. as above, He (a man) was oppressed by the weight of his coat of mail, so that he was unable to stretch himself out in walking. (K.) b3: And, with the same aor. and inf. n., It (a bowstring) had one or more of the several portions of which (by their being twisted together) it was composed longer than others. (K.) 2 حرّد: see 1.

A2: Also, (T, L, K,) inf. n. تَحْرِيدٌ, (K,) He twisted a rope so tightly that the strands formed knots, and overlay one another: (T, L:) and he rolled a rope in twisting it (أَدْرَجَ فَتْلَهُ) so that it became round. (AHn, L, K.) [See also the pass. part. n., below.] b2: And, (K,) inf. n. as above, (S, K,) He crooked, curved, or bent, a thing, (S, K,) in the form of an arch. (S.) b3: See also حُرْدِىٌ. [It seems to be implied in the L, that one says حرّد حَائِطَ القَصَبِ, meaning He bound a حُرْدِىّ (q. v.) upon the fence of reeds, or canes, of a fold for sheep &c.]

A3: Also, (K,) inf. n. as above, (T, K,) He (a man) betook himself, or repaired, for covert, or lodging, to a [house, or hut, such as is called] كُوخ, (T, K,) with a gibbous roof. (K.) 3 حَارَدَتْ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. حِرَادٌ, (S,) She (a camel) was, or became, scanty in her supply of milk: (S, A, K:) or ceased to yield milk, or to have milk in her udder. (K.) b2: [Hence,] (tropical:) She (a woman) ceased to have milk in her breasts. (L.) b3: And (tropical:) It (a بَاطِيَة or other vessel) ceased to have wine, or beverage, in it. (L.) b4: And (tropical:) It (a year, سَنَةٌ,) was one of little rain. (S, A, K.) b5: And حارد (tropical:) He (a man) was about to give, and then refrained. (A.) b6: And حَارَدَتْ حَالِى (tropical:) My state, or condition, became changed, so as not to be known, or so as to be displeasing. (A.) 4 احردهُ He separated, or set apart, (K,) and removed, (TA,) him, or it. (K, TA.) 5 تَحَرَّدَ see 1.7 إِنْحَرَدَ see 1. b2: [Also,] It (a star) darted down. (K.) حَرْدٌ i. q. قَصْدٌ: whence the phrase, قَدْ حَرَدْتُ حَرْدَكَ: see 1.

A2: Anger; [as also ↓ حَرَدٌ: see 1:] so in the prov., تَمَسَّكْ بِحَرْدِكَ حَتَّى تُدْرِكَ حَقَّكَ Retain, or persist in, thine anger until thou obtain thy right. (TA.) Rancour, or enmity which one retains in the heart, watching for an opportunity to indulge it. (El-Kálee, MF.) A3: See also حَرِيدٌ.

حِرْدٌ The مَبْعَر [i. e. the intestine, or gut, containing the بَعْر, or dung,] of a camel, (As, S, K,) male or female; (K;) as also ↓ حِرْدَةٌ: (As, K:) pl. حُرُودٌ. (As, S.) b2: An intestine, or a gut: (T:) pl. as above: (IAar:) [or] أَحْرَادٌ signifies the intestines, or guts, of camels; and is probably a pl. of حِرْدٌ, like حُرُودٌ, as the مَبَاعِر and the أَمْعَآء are nearly alike. (L.) Accord. to Lth [and the K], حِرْدٌ signifies A piece of a camel's hump: but this is a mistake: it means (as explained above) an intestine, or a gut. (T.) حَرَدٌ: see حَرْدٌ.

A2: Also A certain disease in the legs of camels, (K, TA,) occasioning them, in walking, or going, to shake their legs, and to beat the ground with them much: (TA:) or a certain disease in their fore legs; (K, TA;) not in the hind legs; caused by the cord whereby the fore shank is sometimes bound up to the arm: (TA:) or an aridity in the tendons, or sinews, of one of the fore legs, occasioned by that cord, (K, TA,) when the animal is young and recently weaned, (TA,) in consequence of which he beats the ground with his fore legs, (K, TA,) or [strikes] his breast [therewith], in walking, or going: (TA:) the disease thus called is casual; [or generally so; (see حُرَيْدَآءُ;)] not natural. (T.) [See حَرِدَ.]

حَرِدٌ: see حَرِيدٌ: A2: and حَارِدٌ: A3: and أَحْرَدُ, in two places.

A4: Also A rope uneven in its strands. (AHn, TA.) A bow-string having one or more of the several portions of which (by their being twisted together) it is composed longer than others. (K.) [See also مُحَرَّدٌ.]

A5: A man in want, or needy. (Yoo, on the authority of an Arab of the desert.) حِرْدَةٌ: see حِرْدٌ.

حُرْدِىٌّ A bundle of reeds, or canes, which is laid upon the rafters, or pieces of wood; (called رَوَافِدُ, IAar, L,) of a roof: (IAar, Mgh, Msb:) [the reeds, or canes, which are thus used in the construction of a roof are tied together in small bundles, each of which I have generally found to consist of about five or six: over them is added a coat of plaster:] pl. حَرَادِىُّ: a Nabathæan word: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) arabicized: (S:) you should not say هُرْدِىٌّ. (ISk, S, Mgh.) b2: Also, (L, K,) and ↓ حُرْدِيَّةٌ, (Mgh, L, K,) The girdle (حِيَاصَة, Mgh, L, K, TA, in the CK حِياضَة) of a fold for sheep, &c. (حَظِيرَة), which is bound upon the fence (حَائِط) of reeds, or canes, (Mgh, L, K,) crosswise: (Mgh, L:) accord. to IDrd, Nabathæan. (L.) You say, ↓ حَرَّدَهُ, inf. n. تَحْرِيدٌ. (L.) b3: Also ↓ حُرْدِيَّةٌ, (Lth, Msb,) in the 'Eyn هُرْدِيَّةٌ, (Mgh,) but this latter is disallowed by ISk, (Msb,) Reeds, or canes, which are connected, in a bent form, with the arched branches (طَاقَات) of a grape-vine, (Lth, Mgh, Msb,) and upon which the shoots of the vine are let fall. (Mgh.) b4: Also حُرْدِىٌّ, with damm, [irregularly formed from حِرْدٌ, unless it be a mistake for حِرْدِىٌّ,] A man having wide, or capacious, intestines [like those of the camel]. (L, TA.) حُرْدِيَّةٌ: see what next precedes, in two places.

حَرْدَانُ: see حَرِيدُ: A2: and حَارِدُ.

حَرُودٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ مُحَارِدٌ (A, K) and ↓ مُحَارَدَةٌ (K, TA, but omitted in some copies of the K) A she-camel yielding little milk: (S, A, K:) or ceasing to yield milk, or to have milk in her udder. (K.) حُرُودٌ and ↓ حَرَائِدُ, (K, TA,) or ↓ حَرَادِيدُ, (so in a MS. copy of the K and in the CK,) The prominent edges of a rope: (K: [in a MS. copy of the K and in the CK, for حَبْل is erroneously put جَبَل:]) or the former, knots, and parts overlying one another, in a rope, in consequence of the strands' being twisted very tightly. (Az, on the authority of Arabs of his time.) b2: Also the former, pl. of حِرْدٌ [q. v.]. (As, S.) حَرِيدٌ A man who separates himself from others; as also ↓ حَرِدٌ and ↓ حَرْدٌ and ↓ حَارِدٌ and ↓ مُتَحَرِّدٌ (K) and ↓ حَرْدَانُ: (L:) fem. حَرِيدَةُ, not حَرْدَى: (L:) or a man who has left, or abandoned, or forsaken, his people, and removed from them: (Az, S:) or a sole, or single, man: (As, S:) and ↓ مُنْحَرِدٌ signifies solitary, in the dial. of Hudheyl: (As, S:) pl. (of the first, S) حُرْدَآءُ (S, K) and (of the second, TA) حِرَادٌ. (K.) You say, حَلَّ حَرِيدًا He alighted and abode aside, or apart, from the people. (A.) And حَىٌّ حَرِيدٌ A tribe that separates itself from others, (K, TA,) not mixing with them when departing and alighting, (TA,) either on account of its might or on account of its smallness of number (K, TA) and its meanness of condition. (TA.) And كَوْكَبٌ حَرِيدٌ (S, A) and ↓ مُنْحَرِدٌ (S) A solitary star. (S.) Aboo-Dhu-eyb says, ↓ كَأَنَّهُ كَوْكَبٌ فِى الجَوِّ مُنْحَرِدُ [As though it were a solitary star in the region between the heaven and the earth]: but AA reads [منجرد,] with ج, explaining it in the same sense; and saying that the poet means سُهَيْلٌ [or Canopus]. (S.) [See also 7.] And they say, كُلُّ قَلِيلِ فِى

كَثِيرٍ حَرِيدٌ [Everything little among much, or small in number among great in number, is solitary]. (Az, S.) حُرَيْدَآءُ A tendon, or sinew, that is in the place of the cord whereby the fore shank is sometimes bound up to the arm, occasioning a beast to be what is termed أَحْرَد, (K,) i. e., to shake one of his fore legs in walking, or going: sometimes this is natural. (TA.) [See حَرَدٌ.]

حَرَائِدُ: see حُرُودٌ.

حَرَادِيدُ: see حُرُودٌ.

حَارِدٌ: see حَرِيدٌ.

A2: Also, (S, A, K,) and ↓ حَرِدٌ (A, K) and ↓ حَرْدَانُ, Angry: (S, A, K:) exasperated (مُتَحَرِّشٌ) by him who has angered him, and desirous of killing him: (T, L:) or the first, compact in make, strong, feared, or dreaded; whom, by reason of [his] disdainfulness (عزة [i. e.

عِزَّة]) one thinks to be angry. (Ham p. 300.) أَسَدٌ حَارِدٌ An angry lion: pl. حَوَارِدُ. (S, A.) أَحْرَدُ A camel (or a beast, L) having the disease, or fault, termed حَرَدٌ; (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K;) as also ↓ حَرِدٌ: (K:) fem. of the former حَرْدَآءُ. (S.) b2: A man oppressed by the weight of his coat of mail, and unable to stretch himself out in walking; (T, TA;) [and] so ↓ حَرِدٌ. (K.) b3: (tropical:) Niggardly; mean; sordid. (K, TA.) and أَحْرَدُ اليَدَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) Close-fisted, or niggardly. (T.) مُحَرَّدٌ A rope plaited so that it has prominent edges, by reason of its distortion. (S, L. [See also 2; and see حَرِدٌ.]) And A bow-string strongly twisted, having one or more of its strands, or the several portions of which (by their being twisted together) it is composed, appearing over, or above, others; as also مُعَجَّرٌ. (L.) b2: Crooked, curved, or bent, (S, K,) [in the form of an arch: see 2:] applied to anything. (S.) b3: A room in which are [bundles such as are called] حَرَادِىّ of reeds, or canes, (S, L,) laid across [over the rafters of the roof]; (L;) as also مُحَرَّدَةٌ applied as an epithet to a room of the kind called غُرْفَة: (S, L:) and the former word, (K,) used as a subst., (TA,) signifies as above. (K, TA.) b4: Also, (K,) or بَيْتٌ مُحَرَّدٌ, (As, S, A,) A house [or hut] with a gibbous roof, such as is termed كوخ. (As, S, A, * K. *) مُحَارِدٌ and مُحَارِدَةٌ: see حَرُودٌ.

مُتَحَرِّدٌ: see حَرِيدٌ.

مُنْحَرِدٌ: see حَرِيدٌ, in three places.

حرح

1 حَرَحَهَا, aor. ـَ He hit, or hurt, her (a woman's) حِرْح or حِر [i. e. vulva, or pudendum]. (K.) حِرٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) similar in form to يَدٌ and دَمٌ, (Msb,) and حِرٌّ (AHeyth, Az, Msb) and حِرَةٌ; (K;) the first of which is the most common; and the last, strange; (TA;) or the first is sometimes used instead of the second; (Msb;) The vulva, or pudendum, of a woman: originally ↓ حِرْحٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) as is shown by the form of its broken pl., (S, Mgh, Msb,) and by that of its dim.; for in the formation of the broken pl. and of the dim., a word is restored to its original state: the final ح in the original is elided, and ر is put in its stead, and incorporated into the medial radical letter; and sometimes the word is used without any letter of compensation: thus are formed حِرٌّ and حِرٌ: (Msb:) the pl. is أَحْرَاحٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) its only broken pl., (TA,) and حِرُونَ, (S, K,) which latter is like لِدُونَ and مِئُونَ, pls. of defective nouns [لِدَةٌ and مِئَةٌ]: (S:) dim. ↓ حُرَيْحٌ. (Msb.) حِرْحٌ: see the paragraph next preceding.

حَرِحٌ A man loving, (L, TA,) or fond of, (K,) the أَحْرَاح [or pudenda] of women: (L, K:) an epithet after the manner of a rel. n. (Sb, TA.) b2: See also حِرِىٌّ.

حِرَحِىٌّ: see what next follows.

حِرِىٌّ, and (if you will, S) ↓ حِرَحِىٌّ, (S, K,) in which latter the medial radical letter is with fet-h, as in the rel. ns. formed from يَدُ and غَدٌ, namely, يَدَوِىٌّ and غَدَوِىٌّ; (S;) [Of, or belonging to, or relating to, the vulva, or pudendum, of a woman;] rel. ns. of حِرٌ [and حِرْحٌ]: and (if you will, S) you may say ↓ حَرِحٌ, like سَتِةٌ. (S, K.) حُرَيحٌ: see حِرٌ, above.

مَحْرُوحَةٌ A woman hit, or hurt, in her حِرْح or حِر [i. e. vulva, or pudendum]. (K.)

التائية
في التصوف.
للشيخ، أبي حفص: عمر بن علي بن الفارض الحموي.
المتوفى: سنة ست وسبعين وخمسمائة.
روى ابن بنته عنه: أنه لما أتمها، رأى النبي - عليه الصلاة والسلام - في المنام، فقال: يا عمر، ما سميت قصيدتك؟ قال: سميتها: (لوايح الجنان، وروائح الجنان)، فقال: لا، بل سمها: (نظم السلوك).
وهي... بيت في كل بيت صنايع لفظية، وبدائع شعرية، من: التجنيس، والترصيع، والاشتقاق، وغيرها.
وسلك طريق التغزل، وبين فيه طريق السالكين، لكن العلماء اختلفوا فيه، وافترقوا فرقا، فمنهم: من أفرط في مدحه، واشتغل بتوجيه كلامه، ومنهم: من فرط، وأفتى بكفره، ومنهم: من كف عنه، وسكت، ولعله هو الطريق الأسلم في أمثاله، والله - سبحانه وتعالى - أعلم بحقيقة أحواله.
ولها شروح، منها:
شرح: السعيد: محمد بن أحمد الفرغاني.
المتوفى: في حدود سنة سبعمائة.
وهو: الشارح الأول لها، وأقدم المشايعين له حكى: أن الشيخ: صدر الدين القونوي، عرض لشيخه: محيي الدين بن عــربي في شرحها.
فقال للصدر: لهذه العروس بعل من أولادك.
فشرحها: الفرغاني، والتلمساني، وكلاهما من تلاميذه.
وحكي: أن ابن عــربي وضع عليها قدر خمس كراريس وكانت بيد صدر الدين؛ قالوا: وكان في آخر درسه يختم ببيت منها، ويذكر عليه كلام ابن عــربي، ثم يتلوه بما يورده بالفارسية.
وانتدب لجمع ذلك: سعد الدين.
وحكي: أن الفرغاني قرأها أولا، على جلال الدين الرومي، المولوي.
ثم شرحها: فارسيا، ثم عــربيــا.
وسماه: (منتهى المدارك).
وهو كبير.
أورد في أوله: مقدمة في أحوال السلوك.
أوله: (الحمد لله القديم الذي تعزز... الخ).
وشرح: الشيخ، عز الدين: محمود النطنزي، الكاشي.
المتوفى: سنة خمس وثلاثين وسبعمائة.
أوله: (الحمد لله الذي فلق صبح الوجود... الخ).
وشرح: القاضي، سراج الدين، أبي حفص: عمر بن إسحاق الهندي، الحنفي.
المتوفى: سنة ثلاث وسبعين وسبعمائة.
وكان ممن يتعصب له.
وشرح: الشيخ، شرف الدين: داود بن محمود القيصري، وهو من حذاق شراحها.
أورد في أوله: مقدمة، وثلاثة مقاصد.
وبين فيه: أصول التصوف، وطريق الوصول، والجمع، والتوحيد، ومراتبهما، وذكر تحقيقات لطيفة، لم يتعرض الشارحون لها.
وذكر بعضهم: أن اسم هذا الشرح: (كشف وجوه الغر، لمعاني الدر).
وشرح: عفيف الدين: سليمان بن علي التلمساني.
المتوفى: سنة تسعين وستمائة.
وهو يرجح، مع اختصاره على (شرح الفرغاني)، مع إكثاره.
وأورد في أوله: مقدمة مشتملة على عشرة أصول، يبتنى عليها قواعدهم.
وشرح: الفاضل: محمد بن أمين، الشهير: بأمير باتشاده البخاري، نزيل مكة.
وشرح: الكاشاني، وهو: كمال الدين: عبد الرزاق ابن جمال الدين: أحمد.
المتوفى: سنة 730.
سماه: (كشف الوجوه الحر، لمعاني نظم الدر).
أوله: (الحمد لله الذي فلق بقدرته صبح الوجود... الخ).
وهو: شرح ممزوج.
كتب الأبيات تماما.
وشرح: الشيخ: علية بن علاء الدين بن عطية الحموي، الشهير: بعلوان.
المتوفى: سنة اثنتين وعشرين وتسعمائة.
وسماه: (المدد الفائض، والكشف العارض).
أوله: (الحمد لله الذي منه وإليه... الخ).
وشرح: الشيخ: زين العابدين بن عبد الرؤوف المناوي، المصري.
المتوفى: سنة اثنتين وعشرين وألف.
وشرح: صدر الدين علي الأصفهاني.
المتوفى: سنة ست وثلاثين وثمانمائة.
وشرح: الشيخ إسماعيل الأنقروي، المولوي.
المتوفى: سنة 1042.
وهو تركي.
ألفه: سنة خمس وعشرين وألف.
وشرح: المولى: معروف.
الذي شرحه: تركيا، مختصرا، حال كونه قاضيا بمصر.
وذكر أن الشيخ: ركن الدين الشيرازي، شرحها أيضا
وأما المتعصبون عليه: فلهم ردود، وشروح، أنكروا فيها مواضع، منها: إطلاق ضمير المؤنث على الله - تعالى -، ووحدة الوجود، وإطلاقات معلومة عند الصوفية، فمنهم:
الشيخ، الإمام، برهان الدين: إبراهيم بن عمر البقاعي، الشافعي.
المتوفى: سنة خمس وثمانين وثمانمائة.
صنف: مجلدا في رده.
وسماه: (صواب الجواب للمسائل المرتاب المعارض، المجادل في كفر ابن فارض).
وذكر فيه: أن رجلا من الأغبياء رام إظهار بدعة الاتحادية، سنة أربع وسبعين وثمانمائة، بالقاهرة، فأخذ يقرأ في (شرح السعيد الفرغاني) على التائية، فقام في نصرة الله - سبحانه وتعالى -، ورسوله - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -، قاضي القضاة: المحب بن الشحنة الحنفي، والعز الكناني الحنبلي، وكمال الدين: محمد بن إمام الكاملية، الشافعي، فاستند ذلك الرجل إلى جماعة، واستفتى فيمن قال بكفر عمر بن الفارض؟ فكتب له أكثر فضلاء القاهرة، ولم يصادفوا عين الصواب، منهم:
الشيخ: محيي الدين الكافيجي، والشيخ: تقي الدين الحصني، والشيخ: فخر الدين الكافيجي، والشيخ: تقي الدين الحصني، والشيخ: فخر الدين المقسي، والشمس الجوجري، والجلال البكري، الشافعيون، والشيخ: قاسم بن قطلوبغا الحنفي.
ولما بلغ أجوبتهم البقاعي، أجاب عنها أولا، ثم انتقى من التائية ما يقارب: أربعمائة وخمسين بيتا، شهد شراحها أن مراده منها: صريح الاتحاد.
وذكر أن العلامة، نجم الدين: أحمد بن حمدان الحراني الحنبلي.
المتوفى: سنة 695.
صنف: مصنفا حافلا، تكلم فيه على جميع التائية، وبين كفره فيها.
أوله: (الحمد لله الذي أقدرني على قول الحق وفعله... الخ).
وصنف: القاضي، شمس الدين: محمد البساطي.
شرحا على التائية.
وصرح بكفره فيه.
والإمام: أبو حيان، صرح أيضا في تفسيري: البحر، والنهر.

ثفل: ثقل: مصدره ثقولة في معجم فوك.
وثقل: أرهق، حمل حملا ثقيلا (بوشر) ثَقَّل: يقال ثَقّل البدن: جعله بطيئا ثقيلا (معجم المتفرقات).
ثقَّل الحمل على: حمله حملا زائدا (بوشر) ثقّل عليهم التكاليف: أوقرهم بالضرائب وأرهقهم (بوشر).
ثقّل اللسان: ضعفه (بوشر).
ثَقّل المرض = شدده ونغله، وجعله صعب الشفاء (بوشر).
ثقّل عليه: أرهقه، وحمله حملا ثقيلا (بوشر).
وثقّل عليه: شق عليه، وأرهقه، وأزعجه، وآذاه (رسالة إلى فليشر 192، فوك) وثقَّل: شرَّف، ففي المعجم اللاتيني- العــربي: Honestato أو قَرِّ وأثِقّل والمبنى للمجهول منه: Honestatus أُوَقَّر وأثَقَّل.
ثاقل: وازن، عادل (بوشر).
أثقل عليه: وجد الشيء شاقا عسيرا (كارتاس 217) - وشرفه (المعجم اللتيني - العــربي) وفيه: honcstatus: أثقال.
تثّقل: صار ثقيلا (بوشر).
نثاقل: اظهر الوقار والرزانة ففي كتاب محمد بن الحارث ص307: وكان عمرو بن عبد الله وقورا ساكنا متثاقلا.
وتثاقل: كان في حال خمود وفتور، ففي البكري ص184: واستعمل النوم والتثاقل حتى كأنه مغمى عليه.
وتثاقل: أصبح سيئ المزاج، تبَرَم (قلائد 199، 333، ألف ليلة برسل 4: 145).
وتثاقل عن فلان: ثقل عليه وتباطأ عنه (لاغاني 54) وفي النويري الأندلس 466: تثاقل عنهم إبراهيم.
وتثاقل عن الشيء: وجده ثقيلا مرهقا (كرتاس 145) وكذلك تثاقل على فلان، ففي حيان - بسام 1: 128و: وشكا القاسم أمره إلى البرابرة فتثاقلوا عليه، وحبوا التضريب بينهما وتثاقل على: يجب أن تقرأ ما جاء في كرتاس وفقا لما جاء في المخطوطات الأخرى: فتثاقلوا بدل فثاقلوا. وتثاقل على فلان أزعجه وأرهقه (ألف ليلة 1: 175، 302).
(البكري 46، المقري 1: 137، 437، استثقله: وجده ثقيلا مزعجا، وكرهه 511، 2: 506).
تستثقلوني: أتتهموني؟ (بوشر).
ثِقْل، ويجمع على أثقال: عبء يستوجب النفقة (بوشر).
ثِقَّل: ثقيل، باهظ (فوك).
ثُقل: وقار، رزانة، خطورة (بوشر).
ثقَل: شيء نفيس خطير. ففي كوزج مختارات ص117: تسع نوق مجنونة مزينة بثقل.
والجمع أثقال: تعني كل ما يحتاج إليه في الحرب من سلاح وغيره (ابن عباد 1: 285 رقم 144).
وأثقال: تعني فيما يظهر أعباء الدولة، ففي كتاب محمد بن الحارث ص292: تولى الكتابة واضطلع بالأثقال.
ثِفَل: ثفل اللفظ: التقاء حرفين مصوتين (بوشر).
ثَقْلَة، ثقلة تعب: حمل، عبء (بوشر).
ثقلة اللسان: ضعف اللسان (بوشر).
وثقلة: إزعاج، إرهاق - وحمل ثقله عنه: أراحه ولم يزعجه. يقال: لم لا تأتينا؟ والجواب: حامل ثقلة أي لكيلا أثقل عليك (بوشر).
ثِقال: ميزان البهلوان (عصا طويلة يحملها البهلوان ليوازن بها خطواته على الحبل) (الكالا).
ثقيل: مضن، متعب، مرهق (بوشر).
ولحوح، كثير الطلب (بوشر) وقاس، فظ متصنع (بوشر).
وعقله ثقيل: غليظ الروح، ثقيلها (بوشر) وثقيل: غليظ الروح، متعب، مرهق، مزعج، غير محتمل (فوك، بوشر، المقري 1: 351، ابن خلكان 1: 384).
وثقيل الروح: مُضجر، مُسئم، مُمِلّ، مزعج. وكذلك ثقيل الدم (بوشر).
وثقيل: سمج، غليظ، جاف (بوشر).
وثقيل: قبيح، كريه المظهر، ففي بسام 3: 6ق: ذا لحية طويلة وطلعة ثقيلة.
وثقيل: وبئ، ضار بالصحة (ابن بطوطة 3: 126) في كلامه عن شجرة كثيفة الأوراق لا يتخللها الهواء.
وثقيل: خطير، جليل، مهم وأمر ثقيل: أمر خطير - ورجل ثقيل: رجل خطير، جليل، عالم (بوشر) ورجل خطير جليل (ألف ليلة برسل 2: 138، 4: 376)، وشريف (المعجم اللاتيني - العــربي).
ومن الثقال: ذو اعتبار، معتبر، رفيع المقام (بوشر).
وجيش ثقيل: كثير العدد، ففي حيان 78و: ركب إلى قرطبة في سريّة ثقيلة.
وفي النويري أفريقية 33و: فنهض بالعساكر الثقيلة (ألف ليلة 2: 61).
وثقيل: مذهب بإسراف، وقد يقال: ثقيل الذهب أو ثقيل ذهبي (رسالة إلى فليشر 200 - 201) وثقيل: مصقل الحذاء، وهي آلة يستخدمها الحذاء لأغراض شتى، وتجمع على ثقيلات (الكالا).
وقنبلة من الحديد يعبأ بها المدفع (دومب 80) والثقيل الأول: ضرب من النغم (المقري 2: 634).
وثقيل الأرداف: كبير الاليتين (بوشر) وثقيل على الخاطر: مزعج، مكدر منغص (بوشر) جانب الثقيل في القانون: قسم الوتر البعيد من مشط القانون (صفة مصر 13 308).
ثقالة رزانة ثِقل (بوشر) وخشونة.
غلظ تصوير جاف لا طلاوة ولا حلاوة فيه (بوشر).
وإبرام إضجار لجاجة (بوشر) - وصابورة من مصطلح البحارة، وهو ثقل يوضع في السفينة لحفظ توازنها (هلو) وفيه سقالة.
ثَقّالة: رقاص الساعة، وثقالة الساعة: الجزء الثقيل من رقاص الساعة (بوشر) وخيط الثقالة: سلك من رصاص (ابن العوام 1: 148)، حيث يجب إضافة خيط كما هو مذكور في مخطوطة ليدن). ففي ابن ليون ص4 ق: وعليه خيط في طرفه ثقّالة فإن وقف خيط الثقالة على الخط الذي في وسط المرجيقل الخ. وفيه: وعلى ذلك الخط خيط في طرفه ثقّالة (في المخطوطة شدة مفتوحة فوق القاف).
أثَقَل: اسم التفضيل من ثقيل وتستعمل في كل معانيها تقريبا، فهي تعني مثلا: أكثر عددا (ألف ليلة 2: 61) وهي تعني: أشأم، كثير الشؤم عند المقري 1: 532 مُثْقِلة: بَلِيّة، رزء، مصيبة (معجم مسلم)

ثفل

1 ثَفڤلَ [ثَفَلَ, accord. to Golius, as on the authority of J, quasi سَفْلَ, i. q. رَسَبَ, i. e. It subsided; said of any sediment: but I do not find this in the S, nor in any other lexicon.]

A2: ثَفَلَ الرَّحَى, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. ثَفْلٌ; (TA;) or ↓ ثَفَّلَهَا; (so in a copy of the M;) He placed a ثِفَال [q. v.] beneath the hand-mill. (M, K.) A3: ثَفَلَهُ, (Lth, T, K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. ثَفْلٌ, (T, M,) He left it, or cast it away as a thing of no account, or neglected it, (تَرَكَهُ, Lth, T, M,) or he scattered it, strewed it, or dispersed it, (نَثَرَهُ, K,) all of it, (Lth, T, TA,) at once. (Lth, T, M, K.) 2 ثفّل عَنِ اللَّبَنِ بِالطَّعَامِ, inf. n. تَثْفِيلٌ, He ate wheat, or other food, with the milk. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) A2: See also 1.3 ثَاْفَلَ [ثافل probably signifies (assumed tropical:) He ate ثُفْل, i. e. grain, &c.; as Golius has assumed from the explanation, in the S and K, of the act. part. n., which see below: or ثافلهُ he ate ثُفْل with him.]

b2: Accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, (TA,) ثافلهُ is syn. with ثَافَنَهُ, q. v. (K, TA.) 4 اثفل It (wine, or beverage,) had in it ثُفْل [meaning a sediment, or dregs]. (Zj, K.) 5 تثفَلهُ (tropical:) It (a radical, or hereditary, evil quality) withheld him from generous actions. (Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA.) A2: (tropical:) He overcame him, or subdued him, [as though] putting him beneath him like the ثِفَال. (TA.) ثُفْلٌ The sediment, or settlings, of anything; (S;) the dregs; lees; or thick, or turbid, portion that sinks to the bottom of a thing, (T, M, Msb, K,) beneath the clear portion; (T, Msb;) as, for instance, of water, and of broth, (TA,) and of medicine, (T, TA,) and the like, and of a cookingpot, [i. e. of its contents,] (T,) &c.; (TA;) as also ↓ ثَافِلٌ. (IDrd, M, K.) b2: (tropical:) Grain, (T, S, M, K, TA,) and whatever is eaten of flesh-meat or bread or dates; and particularly when people are in want of milk: (T:) or flour; and what is not drunk, as bread, and the like: (TA:) or the refuse, or worse sort, of طَعَام [i. e. wheat, or other food]. (Ham p. 768.) You say, شَرِبَ المَآءَ عَلَى غَيْرِ ثُفْلٍ (tropical:) [He drank water, or the water, not upon, i. e. not having eaten, grain, or flesh-meat, &c.]. (A in art. بحت.) b3: See also ثِفَالٌ.

ثَفَلٌ: see ثَفَالٌ.

ثَفِلٌ (tropical:) One who eats ثُفْل. (K. [It seems to be there indicated that the latter word is to be understood in this case in the former of the senses assigned to it above; but it is not so.]) One says, لَيْسَ الثَّفِلُ كَالْمَحِضِ, i. e. (tropical:) He who eats ثُفْل [or grain, &c.,] is not like him who drinks pure milk. (TA.) And ↓ هُمْ مُثَافِلُونَ (tropical:) They are eating ثُفْل, i. e. grain, (T, S, M, K, TA,) or flesh-meat, or bread, or dates, (T,) [&c.,] being in want of milk; (T, S;) the hardest of the means of subsistence (T, S, M) to the Bedawee. (T, S.) ثُفْلَةٌ, (T,) or ثَفَلَةٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) Somewhat remaining (T) of dates, in a sack: on the authority of a person of the tribe of Suleym. (T, TA.) ثَفَالٌ Slow; (S, M, Mgh, K;) applied to a camel (T, S, M, Mgh, K) &c.; as also ↓ ثَفَلٌ; (K;) and ثَقَالٌ: (K in art. ثقل:) one that will not rise and go save with reluctance: (T:) the first thus written with fet-h [to the ث] in the generality of books; but in the Tekmileh [of the 'Eyn] ↓ ثِفَالٌ, and there said to be applied to a beast and to a man. (Mgh.) ثُفَالٌ: see the paragraph next following.

ثفَالٌ The thing by which the mill is preserved from the ground; as also ↓ ثُفْلٌ: (M, K:) it is a skin that is spread beneath the hand-mill to preserve the flour from the dust; (T;) a skin, (S, Msb,) or the like, that is put beneath the mill, (Msb,) [i. e.,] which is spread, and whereon is placed the mill, which is turned with the hand, (S,) in order that the flour may fall upon it. (S, Msb.) When the ثفال has another thing to preserve it from the ground, this latter is called the وِفَاض. (M.) Zuheyr says, (T, S, K,) describing war, (T,) فَتَعْرُكُكُمْ عَرْكَ الرَّحَىبِثِفَالِهَا (T, S, K, *) meaning [And it frets you as frets the mill] when it is with its ثفال: for they do not place a ثفال beneath the mill except when grinding. (K.) b2: Also, (sometimes, S,) The nether, or lower, mill-stone; (S, K;) and so ↓ ثُفَالٌ. (K.) b3: And A ewer; syn. إِبْرِيقٌ: (IAar, T, M, K:) occurring in a trad. in which mention is made of washing the hand therewith. (T, M.) A2: See also ثَفَالٌ.

ثَافِلٌ: see ثُفْلٌ. b2: Hence, as some say, metonymically, (M,) Dung; ordure; syn. رَجِيعٌ. (M, K.) مُثَافِلٌ: see ثَفِلُ.

حزب

1 حَزَبَهُ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. حَزْبٌ, (K, TA,) It (an event) befell him: (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) and it became severe to him; distressed him; or pressed severely, or heavily, upon him: or it straitened him, or overcame him, (K, TA,) suddenly, or unexpectedly. (TA.) 2 حزّب, (A, K,) inf. n. تَحْزِيبٌ, (K,) He collected, congregated, or assembled, people: (TA:) he collected, or formed, people into أَحْزَاب, (A, K,) i. e. parties, classes, bodies, divisions, or the like. (A.) b2: (tropical:) He divided the Kur-án into أَحْزَاب, (S, A, Mgh, TA,) meaning set portions for particular acts of prayer, &c.; the doing of which is forbidden. (Mgh.) [But it may also be used as meaning (assumed tropical:) He divided the Kur-án into sixtieth portions.]3 حازبهُ He was, or became, of the number of his partisans, or party: (TA:) he helped, or aided, him. (A.) b2: See also 5.5 تحزّبوا They became [or formed themselves into] أَحْزَاب, (A, Msb, K,) i. e. parties, classes, bodies, divisions, or the like; (A;) as also ↓ حازبوا: (K:) they collected themselves together, (S, Mgh, * TA,) against (عَلَى) others. (Mgh.) حَزْبٌ and ↓ حُزَابَةٌ A severe, or distressing, event: or one that straitens, or overcomes, (K, TA,) suddenly, or unexpectedly. (TA.) حِزْبٌ, in its primary acceptation, A party, or company of men, assembling themselves on account of an event that has befallen them (لِأَمْرِ حَزَبَهُمْ): (Ksh and Bd in v. 61:) [and then, in a general sense,] an assembly, a collective body, or company, of men: (IAar, A, Mgh, L, K:) a party, portion, division, or class, (S, A, L, Msb, K, TA,) of men: (L, Msb, TA:) the troops, or combined forces, of a man; (K, TA;) his party, partisans, or faction, prepared, or ready, for fighting and the like: (TA:) the companions, (S, K,) sect, or party in opinions or tenets, (K,) of a man: (S, K:) any party agreeing in hearts and actions, whether meeting together or not: (El-Moajam, TA:) pl. أَحْزَابٌ. (S, A, Mgh, Msb, L, K.) and the pl., with the article, Those people who leagued together to wage war against Mohammad: (K:) or the parties that combined to war with the prophets. (S.) And in the Kur xl. 31, The people of Noah and 'Ád and Thamood, and those whom God destroyed after them, (K, TA,) as the people of Pharaoh. (TA.) And يَوْمُ الأَحْزَابِ [The day of the combined forces;] the day [or war] of the moat (الخَنْدَق). (Mgh, Msb, TA.) b2: I. q. وِرْدٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) either in its proper sense, A turn, or time, of coming to water: or in the sense next following, which is tropical. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) A set portion of the Kur-án, (A, Mgh, L, TA,) and of prayer, (Mgh, L, TA,) &c., (Mgh,) of which a man imposes upon himself the recital (A, Mgh, TA) on a particular occasion, (Mgh,) or at a particular time; (TA;) a set portion of prayer, and of recitation [of the Kur-án], &c., which a person is accustomed to perform: (Msb:) pl. as above. (Mgh.) Yousay, قَرَأَ حِزْبَهُ مِنَ القُرْآنِ (tropical:) [He recited his set portion of the Kur-án]. (A.) And كَمْ حِزْبُكَ (tropical:) [How much is thy set portion of the Kur-án ?]. (A.) b4: [Also (assumed tropical:) A sixtieth portion of the Kur-án.]

b5: (assumed tropical:) A portion, share, or lot, (Msb, TA,) of wealth, or property: or perhaps a mistranscription for جِزْبٌ; since IAar says that حِزْبٌ signifies “ a company of men; ” and جِزْبٌ “ a portion, share, or lot. ” (TA.) A2: A weapon, or weapons, of war; syn. سِلَاحٌ; (M, A, K, TA;) i. e. آلَةٌ حَرْبٍ. (TA.) A3: See also what next follows.

حِزْبَآءٌ, (S,) or ↓ حِزْبٌ and حِزْبَآءَةٌ, (K, TA,) Rugged ground: (S, K:) or very rugged ground: (TA:) or the first signifies hard, elevated ground: (Ham p. 664:) and the last, a most rugged tract of [high ground such as is termed] قُفّ, slightly elevated, in another hard قُفّ; (ISh, TA;) or a rugged, elevated place: (TA:) the first is a pl.; (K;) [or rather a coll. gen. n., of which the last is the n. un.; i. e.,] the last is a more special term than the first; (S;) and the pl. is حَزَابٍ, (S, in copies of the K حَزَابِى,) like صَحَارٍ, originally حَزَابِىٌّ; (S, TA;) and also explained as signifying extended, rugged, narrow places. (TA.) حَزَابٍ Thick, coarse, rude, or bulky, and short; as also ↓ حِنْزَابٌ: (S:) thick, coarse, rude, or bulky, and inclining to shortness; as also ↓ حَزَابِيَةٌ, (S, K,) in which the ى is for the purpose of quasi-coordination to the quadriliteral-radical class, as in فَهَامِيَةٌ and عَلَانِيَةٌ from فَهْمٌ and عَلَنٌ, (S,) and ↓ حِنْزَابٌ; (K;) applied to a man, (S, TA,) and to an ass: (TA:) and ↓ حَزَابِيَةٌ also signifies thick, coarse, rude, or bulky, applied to a camel, and to a pubes; and hardy, strong, or sturdy, applied to an ass. (TA.) A2: Also pl. of حِزْبَآءُ. (S.) حَزِيبٌ: see حَازِبٌ.

حُزَابَةٌ: see حَزْبٌ.

حَزَابِيَةٌ: see حَزَابٍ, in two places.

حَازِبٌ and ↓ حَزِيبٌ A severe, or distressing, event: pl. [app. of either word] حُزْبٌ, (K,) or, accord. to MF, حُزُبٌ; and pl. of the former word حَوَازِبُ. (TA.) b2: Also, the former, What falls to one's lot, of work. (TA.) حِنْزَابٌ, in which the ن is said by some to be augmentative, and by others to be radical: (TA:) see حَزَابٍ, in two places. b2: Also The carrot of the land (جَزَرُ البَرِّ: [this would rather seem to mean the wild carrot, but for what here follows:]) the carrot of the sea (جَزَرُ البَحْرِ) is called قُسْطٌ. (S.) [See also art. حنزب.] b3: The cock. (K.) b4: A species of [the birds called] قَطًا. (K.) [See also art. حنزب.]

حُنْزُوبٌ A certain plant [app. that called حِنْزَابٌ, mentioned above: see art. حنزب].

حَيْزَبُونَ An old woman: (S, TA:) or [an old woman] in whom is no good: (TA:) or a cunning, or crafty, old woman. (Har p. 76.) The ن is augmentative, as it is in زَيْتُونٌ. (TA.)