كرد

1 كَرَدَ, (aor.

كَرُدَ, S, L,) inf. n. كَرْدٌ, He drove, (L, K,) drove away, and repelled, a people: (S, L:) accord. to some, he drove the enemy in a charge or assault: (L:) he drove away the enemy: (K:) he repelled them and drove them away with his sword. (L.) b2: He turned him back from his opinion. (L.) A2: He cut off [a thing.] (K.) 3 كاردهُ, (K,) inf. n. مُكَارَدَةٌ, (S,) He charged upon, or assaulted, or attacked, him, (S, K,) and repelled him, (K,) the latter doing the same. (S, K.) كَرْدٌ The neck; (S, L, K;) a Persian word, arabicized: (S, L:) or (properly, L) the base of the neck: (L, K:) or the place where the head is set upon the neck: i. q. قَرْدٌ: (L:) the back of the neck; as also ↓ كَرْدَنٌ and قَرْدَنٌ (IAar, T, L.) كُرْدٌ a pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.] of which the sing. [or n. un.] is ↓ كُرْدَةٌ, the latter signifying A مَشَارَة, (O, L,) i. e. channel of water for irrigation, (TA, [but see this word, and what follows here below,]) of places, [or plots] of seed-produce: (O, L, TA:) this is what is meant in the K by the saying that الكُرْدُ signifies الدَّبْرَةُ مِنَ المَزَارِعِ, and that the n. un. is with ة: (TA:) an instance of agreement between the languages of the Arabs and the 'Ajam; or, as some assert, an Arabic word derived from المُكَارَدَةُ: (O:) or كُرْدٌ signifies a دَبْرَة, and is [originally] a Pers\. word: and the pl. is كُرُودٌ: and كُرْدَةٌ is like كُرْدٌ [in signification]: (L:) [see also دَبْرَةٌ, voce دَبْرٌ:] or كُرْدَةٌ signifies a piece of land, or of sown land, or one having a raised border; and its pl. is كُرَدٌ [app. a mistranscription for the coll. gen. n. كُرْدٌ]. (MA.) الكُرْدُ A certain nation; [the Gordiæi: (Golius:) n. un. كُرْدِىٌّ:] pl. أَكْرَادٌ: (S, L, K:) respecting their origin authors differ: it is said that their ancestor was Kurd the son of 'Amr Muzeykiyà the son of 'Ámir Má-es-Semà, not 'Ámir the son of Má-es-Semà, as in the K, for Má-es-Semà was a surname of 'Ámir: (TA:) or they are the remains of the people whom Beewarásf, also called Ed-Dahhák, used to eat: (IKt, MF, TA:) or their ancestor was Kurd the son of Ken'án (or Canaan) the son of Koosh (or Cush) the son of Hám (or Ham) the son of Nooh (or Noah): they consist of countless tribes, differing in language and condition, but all are reduced to four principal tribes, the سوران and the كوران and the كُلهر and the لُر: (Mohammad Efendee El-Kurdee:) or their ancestor was Kurd the son of 'Amr the son of 'Ámir the son of Saasa'ah: (Abu-l-Yakdhán:) El-Mes'oodee says, that some assert them to be of the descendants of Rabee'ah the son of Nizár: others, that they are of the descendants of Mudar the son of Nizár: others, that they are descended from Kurd the son of Ken'án the son of Koosh the son of Hám: and he adds, that they are apparently of the offspring of Hám, like the Persians: that among the known tribes of which they consist are the سورانيّة, the كورانية, the عمادية, the حكارية, the محمودية, the بختية, the بشوية, the جوبية, the زرزائية, the مهرانية, the جاودانية, the رضائية, the سروجية, the هارونية, and the لرية: and that their countries are Persia, and 'Irák el-'Ajam, and Ádharbeeján, and Irbil, and El-Mósil. (Mo-hammad Efendee El-Kurdee.) [Many other assertions as to the origin of this people are made by other authors.]

كَرْدَنٌ: see كَرْدٌ.

كُرْدَةٌ: see كُرْدٌ.

كُرْدِيَّةٌ an appellation of certain dogs [app. belonging to the كُرْد]. (M voce تَدْمُرِيَّةٌ.) كِرْدِيَّةٌ: see كِرْدِيدَةٌ.

كِرْدِيدَةٌ A large portion of dates. (L, K.) b2: Also, The [kind of basket of palm-leaves called]

جلَّةٌ in which dates are put: (Seer, L, K:) or the dates remaining upon the sides in the lower part of the جُلَّة: (S, L, K:) as also ↓ كِرْدِيَّةٌ: (K:) pl. كَرَادِيدُ (S, L, K) and كِرَادٌ. (K.) مَكْرُودٌ A mustache cut off. (K.)

عشو

1 عَشَا, (TA, and so accord. to some copies of the K,) first Pers\. عَشَوْتُ, (S,) aor. ـْ (TA,) inf. n. عَشْوٌ and عُشُوٌّ; (KL;) as also عَشِىَ, like رَضِىَ [i. e. having for its aor. ـْ but the inf. n. is app. عَشًا, as in the similar sense expl. in the next sentence]; (TA, and so in my MS. copy of the K;) i. q. ↓ تعشّى, (S, K, TA,) [which is more commonly used than either of preceding verbs, and] which signifies He ate the [eveningmeal, or evening-repast, or supper, i. e. what is called the] عَشَآء. (Msb, K, TA.) And عَشِيَتِ الإِبِلُ, (ISk, S, K, TA,) aor. ـْ inf. n. عَشًا, (ISk, S, TA,) i. q. ↓ تَعَشَّت [i. e. The camels ate the evening-pasture, or evening-feed, called the عَشَآء]. (ISk, S, K, TA.) b2: And عَشَاهُ, (K,) first Pers\.

عَشَوْتُهُ, (S, Msb,) aor. ـْ (S, TA,) inf. n. عَشْوٌ; (K, TA;) and inf. n. عَشْىٌ also, (TA, and thus in some copies of the K,) thus correctly, as in the M, عشيانًا in [some of] the copies of the K being a mistake for عَشْيًا, the aor. being also يَعْشِيهِ; (TA;) i. q. ↓ عشّاهُ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) [which is more commonly used than either of the preceding verbs,] inf. n. تَعْشِيَةٌ, (S,) i. e. He fed him (namely, a man, Msb, or a horse, or a camel, (S) with the [evening-meal, or supper, or the evening-pasture or evening-feed, i. e. what is called the] عَشَآء; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اعشاهُ: (K:) and عَشَا الإِبِلَ, (K, TA,) like دَعَا [i. e. having for its aor. ـْ (TA;) and ↓ عشّاها; He pastured the camels by night. (K, TA.) A2: عَشَوْتُهُ also signifies I repaired, or betook myself, to, or towards, him, or it, by night: and hence ↓ عَاشٍ is applied to any one repairing, or betaking himself, to or towards [an object]. (S.) b2: And عَشَوْتُ إِلَى النَّارِ, aor. ـْ inf. n. عَشْوٌ, I sought to be directed, or guided, or I directed, or guided, myself, by weak eyesight, to the fire: (S:) or I looked at the fire, or endeavoured to see it, and repaired, or betook myself, to it, or towards it; and I saw it, or looked towards it trying whether I could see it, and sought to be directed, or guided, to it by its light: (Har p. 535:) El-Hotei-ah says, مَتَى تأْتِهِ تَعْشُو إِلَى ضَوْءِ نَارِهِ تَجِدْ خَيْرَ نَارٍ عِنْدَهَا خَيْرُ مُوقِدِ [When thou comest to him, looking with blinking eyes towards the light of his fire and seeking to be guided by it thereto, thou findest the best fire, and at it is the best kindler]; meaning مَتَى تَأْتِهِ عَاشِيًا; using the marfooa verb between two verbs whereof each is mejzoom because the verb in the future tense when it occurs in the place of a denotative of state is marfooa: (S:) or عَشَا النَّارَ and إِلَى

النَّارِ, inf. n. عَشْوٌ and عُشُوٌّ; as also النَّارَ ↓ اعتشى and بِالنَّارِ; signifies he saw the fire by night from afar, and repaired, or betook himself, to it, or towards it, seeking to light himself thereby, (K, TA,) and hoping to obtain thereby guidance and good. (TA.) b3: And عَشَا عَنِ النَّارِ He turned away and went from the light of the fire. (TA.) b4: and عَشَوْتُ عَنْهُ I went, or turned, from him, or it, to another: whence, it is said, the saying in the Kur [xlii. 35], وَمَنْ يَعْشُ عَنْ ذِكْرِ الرَّحْمٰنِ [and such as turns from the admonition of the Compassionate]. (S. See another explanation of this saying in what follows.) [This and other meanings expl. below are app. from what here next follows.] b5: عَشِىَ, aor. ـْ (S, Msb, K,) dual يَعْشَيَانِ, not يَعْشَوَانِ, (S,) inf. n. عَشًا, (S, Msb, K,) He was, or became, weak-sighted: (Msb:) or he did not see by night, but saw by day: (S:) or he had bad sight by night and by day: or he was, or became, blind: [said of a man, and of a beast of the equine kind, and of a camel, and of a bird: (see عَشًا, below:)] and عَشَا, aor. ـْ signifies the same: (K:) or the two verbs differ in meaning; so as that وَمَنْ يَعْشَ عَنْ ذِكْرِ الرَّحْمٰنِ, in the Kur xliii. 35, thus read by some, means (assumed tropical:) and such as is blind to the admonition of the Compassionate, i. e., to the Kur-án; but مَنْ يَعْشُ, as others read, (assumed tropical:) such as feigns himself blind: (Ksh and Bd: *) [see also 6: and see another explanation of the latter reading, above: or] عَشَا signifies also he (a man, TA) did as does the أَعْشَى [q. v.]. (K, TA.) One says also, عشى مِنَ الشَّىْءِ, aor. ـو [thus in my original, but the pret. is app. عَشِىَ, and the aor. ـْ meaning He lacked strength of sight to perceive the thing. (TA.) And عَشِىَ عَنْ حَقِّهِ like عَمِىَ in measure and in meaning [i. e. (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, blind to his right, or due]. (TA.) And لَا يَعْشَى إِلَّا بَعْدَ مَا يَعْشُو is one of their sayings, meaning [app. He will not become weak-sighted except] after his eating the [eveningmeal called the] عَشَآء: (TA:) [for it is said that] the eating of food in the night occasions weakness of sight more than [do] other things. (Har p. 52.

[العشآء is there written in one instance for العَشَا.]) b6: عَشِىَ عَلَيْهِ, inf. n. عَشًا, means He wronged him; treated him wrongfully, injuriously, unjustly, or tyrannically: (K, TA:) mentioned by ISd. (TA.) 2 عَشَّوَ see 1, former half, in two places. One says, عَشِّ وَلَا تَغْتَرَّ, (Meyd, TA,) or عَشِّ إِبِلَكَ وَلَا تَغْتَرَّ [a prov., meaning Pasture thy camels by night, and be not negligent, or be not made to desire what is vain, or false]. (S. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 92.]) And عَشَّيْتُ الإِبِلَ عَنِ الوِرْدِ I pastured the camels with the [evening-pasture called]

عَشَآء, so that they might come to the water having satisfied themselves with food: and in like manner one says, ضَحَّيْتُهَا عَنْهُ. (A and TA in art. ضحو and ضحى.) And عَشِّ رُوَيْدًا Pasture thou the camels in the evening (عَشِيًّا) gently: and in like manner one says, ضَحِّ رُوَيْدًا. (A, TA.) and hence, عشّى عَنِ الأَمْرِ (inf. n. تَعْشِيَةٌ, K) (tropical:) He acted gently, or deliberately, in the affair: (A and TA in art. ضحو and ضحى, and S * and K * in the present art.:) and in like manner, ضَحَّى

عَنْهُ. (A and TA in the former art., and S * in the present art.) A2: See also the next paragraph. [Hence,] عشّى الطَّيْرَ, inf. n. تَعْشِيَةٌ, He kindled a fire for the birds in order that they might become dim-sighted (لِتَعْشَى) and consequently be captured. (M, K.) 4 أَعْشَوَ see 1, former half. b2: [Hence, app.,] اعشى also signifies (assumed tropical:) He gave. (K.) A2: And اعشاهُ He (God) rendered him أَعْشَى [i. e. weak-sighted, &c.: and in like manner one says ↓ عشّاهُ: see 2, last sentence; and see also Har p. 52].5 تَعَشَّوَ see 1, first quarter, in two places. One says also, تعشّى بِهِ He fed himself with it [in the evening, or] in the time called the عِشَآء: and [in like manner] تَتَعَشَّاهُ is said of camels [as meaning they feed themselves with it, or pasture upon it, in the evening]. (TA.) And when one says to thee, تَعَشَّ [Eat thou the evening-meal], thou sayest, مَا بِى تَعَشٍّ, (S,) or مَا بِى مِنْ تَعَشٍّ, (TA,) [I have no desire for eating the evening-meal; see 5 in art. غدو;] and not مَا بِى عَشَآءٌ, (S,) or not ما بي مِنْ عَشَآءٍ (TA.) A2: See also 6.

A3: And تعشّاهُ signifies also He gave him an عِشْوَة [or عُشْوَة, i. e. a firebrand]. (TA.) 6 تعاشى He feigned himself أَعْشَى [i. e. weaksighted, &c.; and so ↓ تعشّى as used by Bd in xliii.

35]. (S, TA.) b2: And [hence] (tropical:) He feigned himself ignorant, (K, TA,) عَنْ كَذَا [of such a thing], as though he did not see it; like تَعَامَى. (TA.) 8 اعتشى He journeyed in the time of the عِشَآء

[or nightfall]: (K, TA:) like اهتجر meaning “ he journeyed in the time of the هَاجِرَة. ” (TA.) A2: See also 1, latter half.10 استعشاهُ He found him to be deviating from the right course, or acting wrongfully, injuriously, unjustly, or tyrannically, (وَجَدَهُ جَائِرًا, K, TA, in some copies of the K حَائِرًا,) فِى حَقِّ أَصْحَابِهِ [in respect of the right, or due, of his companions]. (TA.) A2: And استعشى نَارًا He guided himself by means of a fire. (K.) عِشْوٌ A bowl (قَدَح) of milk which is drunk at the time when the sheep, or goats, return from the pasture in the evening or afternoon, or after that time. (K.) عِشْىٌ: see عَشَآءٌ.

عَشًا inf. n. of عَشِىَ: (S, Msb, K:) [used as a simple subst., Weakness of sight: or sightlessness by night with ability to see by day: or] badness of sight by night and by day; as also ↓ عَشَاوَةٌ: (K:) it is in human beings, and beasts of the equine kind (دَوَابّ), and camels, and birds; as is said in the M: (TA:) or it is darkness that happens to the eye: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or blindness; (K, TA;) i. e. absolute destitution of sight. (TA.) عَشٍ applied to a he-camel, and عَشِيَةٌ applied to a she-camel, That exceeds the other camels in the [evening-pasture, or evening-feed, called] عَشَآء; each after the manner of the possessive epithet, having no verb. (TA. [And عَشِىٌّ is said to have a similar meaning.]) A2: See also أَعْشَى.

عَشْوَةٌ Darkness, (K, TA,) in [any part of] the night and in the سَحَر [or period a little before daybreak]; (TA;) as also ↓ عَشْوَآءُ: (K:) or the first of the darkness of the night: (Az, TA:) or the period between the beginning and [the end of] the [first] quarter of the night: (Az, S, K:) thus in the saying, مَضَى مِنَ اللَّيْلِ عَشْوَةٌ [A period between the beginning &c. of the night passed]: and one says also, أَخَذْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالعَشْوَةِ, meaning [I laid hold upon them] in the blackness of night: (Az, S:) the dim. is ↓ عُشَيَّةٌ. (Az, TA.) In the saying جَآءَ عَشْوَةَ, meaning عِشَآءً [i. e. He came at nightfall], it [is an adv. n. which] may not be used otherwise than thus: you may not say, مَضَتْ عَشْوَةُ. (TA.) b2: العشوة [app. العَشْوَةُ] as meaning العَشَآءُ, like الغدوة [app. الغَدْوَةُ] as meaning الغَدَآءُ, is vulgar. (TA.) A2: Also The venturing upon, or embarking in, an affair that is not clear; as also ↓ عِشْوَةٌ and ↓ عُشْوَةٌ: (S, K:) one says, أَوْطَأْتَنِى عَشْوَةً and عِشْوَةً and عُشْوَةً, meaning [Thou hast made me to venture upon, or embark in,] a confused and dubious affair: this is when you tell him of a thing by means of which you have made him to fall into perplexity or trial. (S.) b2: خَبَّاطُ عَشَوَاتٍ, occurring in a trad., see expl. in art. خبط.

عُشْوَةٌ: see عَشْوَةٌ.

A2: Also, (S, K, TA,) and ↓ عِشْوَةٌ, (K, TA,) A fire which one sees by night from afar, and to which, or towards which, he repairs, or betakes himself, seeking to light himself thereby: (K, TA:) or (TA) a firebrand (شُعْلَةٌ مِنْ نَارٍ). (S, TA.) عِشْوَةٌ: see عَشْوَةٌ: A2: and see also عُشْوَةٌ.

عَشْوَى A state of perplexity, and of having little guidance: so in the saying, إِنَّهُمْ لَفِى عَشْوَى أَمْرِهِمْ [or, perhaps, مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ, i. e. Verily they are in a state of perplexity, &c., in respect of their case, or affair]. (TA.) عَشَوِىٌّ Of, or relating to, the [time called]

عَشِيَّة [or عَشِىّ, q. v.]. (S.) عُشْوَانٌ A species of dates: (IDrd, K, TA:) or of palm-tress, (K, TA,) of such as are late in bearing. (TA.) عَشْيَانُ, (S, K, TA,) originally عَشْوَانُ, like غَدْيَانُ [q. v.] which is originally غَدْوَانُ, (TA,) A man (S) eating the [evening-meal, or eveningrepast, i. e. what is called the] عَشَآء; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ عَاشٍ. (TA.) عَشَآءٌ The meal, or repast, (S, Msb, K,) of the عِشَآء [or nightfall], (S, * Msb,) or of the عَشِىّ [or late part of the evening, &c.]; (S, * K, TA;) [i. e. supper, in a general sense;] opposed to غَدَآءٌ; (S;) as also ↓ عِشْىٌ: (K: [in the CK, العِشٰى is erroneously put for العِشْىُ:]) and in like manner both are used in relation to camels [as meaning their evening-pasture, or evening-feed: see an ex. voce عَتَمَةٌ, and another voce أَقْعَسُ]: (S, TA:) pl. of the former أَعْشِيَةٌ; (K, TA;) to which is added, in [some of] the copies of the K, and عُشِىٌّ; but this is correctly عَشِىَ, [or عَشَا, as in some copies,] and commences another sentence. (TA.) عِشَآءٌ [The time of nightfall; i. e.] the first, or beginning, of the darkness (Msb, K) of night: (Msb:) [this is the sense in which it is generally used, and always when it is used as applied to one of the five times of the divinely-appointed acts of prayer; صَلَاةُ العِشَآءِ, and elliptically العِشَآءُ alone, meaning the prayer of nightfall:] or it is [the time] when the sun has disappeared: (Az, TA:) or [the time] from sunset (K) [i. e.] from the prayer of sunset (Msb, TA) to the عَتَمَة [or darkness after nightfall]; (Msb, K, TA;) [and this is what is meant by its being said that it is] syn. with عَشِىٌّ: (S:) or [the time] from the زَوَال [meaning the declining of the sun from the meridian] to the rising of the dawn: (S, K:) so some assert, and they cite, as an ex., غَدَوْنَا غُدْوَةً سَحَرًا بِلَيْلٍ

عِشَآءً بَعْدَ مَا انْتَصَفَ النَّهَارُ [We went early in the morning, a little before daybreak, in a period between the declining of the sun from the meridian and the rising of the dawn, after the daytime had become halved]: (S, TA:) [sometimes] the Arabs said, أَقْبَلَتِ العِشَآءُ, meaning العَشِيَّةُ; and هٰذَا العَشِيَّةُ, meaning العِشَآءُ. (Msb voce صَوْتٌ.) العِشَاآنِ means The time of sunset and the عَتَمَة [or darkness after nightfall]: (IF, S, Msb, K: [compare הָעַרְבַּיִם in Exodus xii. 6 and xvi. 12:]) this is accord. to the saying that the عِشَآء is from the prayer of sunset to the عَتَمَة. (TA.) عَشَاوَةٌ: see عَشًا.

عَشِىٌّ [The late part of the evening: or the evening: or the afternoon: i. e.] the last, or the latter, part of the day; (Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ: (K, TA:) this is the meaning commonly known: (Mgh:) or [the time] from the prayer of sunset to the عَتَمَة [or darkness after nightfall]; (S, Msb, TA;) like عِشَآءٌ; (Msb;) and so ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ: you say, أَتَيْتُهُ عَشِىَّ أَمْسِ and أَمْسِ ↓ عَشِيَّةَ [I came to him late in the evening, or in the time between sunset and nightfall, &c., of yesterday]: (S, TA:) or عَشِىٌّ has the meaning expl. in the K [and mentioned above]; but ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ relates to one day: and one says, جِئْتُهُ عَشِيَّةً [I came to him late in an evening, &c.] and عَشِيَّةَ [late this evening, &c.], and أَتَيْتُهُ العَشِيَّةَ I came to him in the عشيّة [or late part of the evening, &c.,] of this day; and آتِيهِ عَشِىَّ غَدٍ [I will come to him in the late part of the evening, &c., of to-morrow (in my original اتيته, an obvious mistranscription,)] without ة when relating to the future; and أَتَيْتُكَ عَشِيًّا [I came to thee in the late part of an evening, &c.]; and أَتَيْتُهُ بِالغَدَاةِ وَالعَشِىِّ i. e. [I came to him early in the morning and late in the evening, &c., meaning,] every عَشِيَّة [or عَشِىّ] and غَدَاة: (TA:) or, as some say, ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ is a sing. [or n. un.] and عَشِىٌّ is its pl. [or a coll. gen. n.]: and, as IAmb says, sometimes the Arabs make ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ masc., as meaning عَشِىٌّ: (Msb:) or عَشِىٌّ signifies the time between the declining of the sun [from the meridian] and sunset: (Az, Mgh, Msb, TA:) or [the time] from the declining of the sun [from the meridian] to the صَبَاح [app. here, as generally, meaning morning]: (Er-Rághib, Msb, TA:) and sometimes it means the night: (TA:) the pl. is عَشَايَا and عَشِيَّاتٌ, (K, TA,) the former of which [is pl. of ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ, like the latter, or perhaps of عَشِىٌّ also, and] is originally عَشَايِوُ, then عَشَايِىُ, then عَشَائِىُ, then عَشَاءَى, and then عَشَايَا: (TA:) the dim, of عَشِىٌّ is ↓ عُشَيَّانٌ, irreg., as though formed from عَشْيَانٌ, and its pl. is عُشَيَّانَاتٌ; and another form of its dim. is ↓ عُشَيْشِيَانٌ, pl. عُشَيْشِيَانَاتٌ: and the dim. of ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ is ↓ عُشَيْشِيَةٌ, pl. عُشَيْشِيَاتٌ: (S, TA:) one says, ↓ لَقِيتُهُ عُشَيْشَةً

[another form of dim., properly meaning I met him in a short period of a late part of an evening, &c.], and [in like manner] ↓ عُشَيْشَانًا, and ↓ عُشَيَّانًا [in some copies of the K عشّانا], and ↓ عُشَيْشِيَةً

[accord. to the Mgh meaning عِشَآءً], and عُشَيْشَاتٍ, and عُشَيْشِيَانَاتٍ. (K.) صَلَاتَا العَشِىِّ [The two prayers of the afternoon] means the two prayers of the ظُهْر and the عَصْر; (Az, Mgh, Msb, K;) because they are in the latter part of the day (فِى آخِرِ النَّهَارِ), after the زَوَال [or declining of the sun from the meridian]. (TA.) In the phrase أَوْضُحَاهَا ↓ عَشِيَّةً [i. e. A late part of an evening, &c., or its early portion of the forenoon, meaning or an early portion of the forenoon of the same civil day], in the Kur lxxix. last verse, the ضحى is prefixed to [the pronoun referring to] the عشيّة because the ضحى and the عشيّة belong to the same [civil] day, [for this day is reckoned as the period from sunset to sunset,] (Ksh Bd, Jel, *) and also [by a kind of poetic license, for the sake of the rhyme, i. e.] because ضحاها occurs as a فَاصِلَة [q. v.]. (Jel.) b2: عَشِىٌّ also signifies, (K, TA,) and so does ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ, (K,) Clouds (K, TA) coming late in the evening or at eventide (عَشِيًّا). (TA.) b3: And the former, as an epithet applied to a camel, That continues long eating the عَشَآء

[i. e. evening-pasture, or evening-feed]: fem. with ة. (K. [See also عَشٍ.]) عَشِيَّةٌ: see عَشِىٌّ, in ten places.

عُشَيَّةٌ dim. of عَشْوَةٌ, q. v.

عُشَيَّانٌ, pl. عُشَيَّانَاتٌ: see عَشِىٌّ, in two places.

عُشَيْشَةٌ and عُشَيْشِيَةٌ, pls. عُشَيْشَاتٌ and عُشَيْشِيَاتٌ: see عَشِىٌّ; the latter in two places.

عُشَيْشَانٌ and عُشَيْشِيَانٌ, pl., of the latter عُشَيْشِيَانَاتٌ: see عَشِىٌّ.

عَاشٍ: see عَشْيَانُ. The fem., عَاشِيَةٌ, applied to camels, means Eating the [evening-pasture, or evening-feed, called the] عَشَآء. (ISk, S, K.) It is said in a prov., العَاشِيَةُ تَهِيجُ الآبِيَةَ [Such as are eating the عشآء excite such as desire not, or refuse; or she that is eating &c.]: i. e., when the camels that desire not, or refuse, the عشآء see those that are eating it, they follow them, and eat it with them. (S. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 83.]) And [the pl.] العَوَاشِى, (S, K, TA,) [when indeterminate, عَوَاشٍ,] as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, (TA.) signifies Those (S, K, TA) camels, and sheep or goats, (K, TA,) that are pasturing by night. (S, K, TA.) b2: See also 1, former half. b3: [Hence,] عَاشِيَةٌ signifies also Anything [meaning any man or animal] looking and repairing, by night, towards the fire of a person who entertains guests. (TA.) أَعْشَى Weak-sighted: (Msb:) or sightless by night, but seeing by day: (S:) or having bad sight by night and by day: and so ↓ عَش: (K:) fem. عَشْوَآءُ, (S, Msb, K,) applied to a woman; (S, Msb;) [the masc. being applied to a man, and either masc. or fem. to a beast of the equine kind, and a camel, and a bird, (see عَشًا,)] and dual masc. أَعْشَيَانِ (TA) and fem. عَشْوَاوَانِ: (S, TA:) [and pl. عُشْىٌ.] b2: The fem. عَشْوَآءُ also particularly signifies. A she-camel that sees not before her, (S, K, TA,) [or that has weak sight,] and therefore strikes everything with her fore feet, (S, TA,) not paying attention to the places of her feet [on the ground]. (TA.) [Hence] one says, رَكِبَ فُلَانٌ العَشْوَآءَ, meaning (tropical:) Such a one prosecuted his affair without mental perception, or without certainty. (S, TA.) And خَبَطَهُ خَبْطَ عَشْوَآءَ (K, TA) (tropical:) He did it [at random, or] without aim; thus accord. to the M: (TA:) or be ventured upon it without mental perception, and without certainty: (K, * TA:) or, as some say, he took it upon himself without his endeavouring to ascertain the right course; the doing of which is sometimes, or often, attended with error: it is a prov., applied to him who goes at random and does not care for the result of his conduct. (TA. [See also 1 in art. خبط.]) b3: And عُقَابٌ عَشْوَآءُ An eagle that cares not how it beats the ground, and where it strikes with its talons. (TA.) b4: See also the fem. voce عَشْوَةٌ.

مُتَعَشًّى A place in which one eats the eveningmeal, or supper.] Quasi عشى عِشْىٌ: and عَشِىٌّ, &c.: see in art. عشو.

الأَحَصُّ:
بالفتح، وتشديد الصاد المهملة، يقال: رجل أحصّ، بيّن الحصص أي قليل شعر الرأس، وقد حصّت البيضة رأسي إذا أذهبت شعره، وطائر أحصّ الجناح، ورجل احصّ اللّحية، ورحم حصّاء كله بمعنى القطع، وقال أبو زيد: رجل أحصّ إذا كان نكدا مشؤوما، فكأنّ هذا الموضع، لقلة خيره، وعدم نباته، سمّي بذلك. وبنجد موضعان يقال لهما: الأحصّ وشبيث. وبالشام من نواحي حلب موضعان يقال لهما: الأحصّ وشبيث. فأمّا الذي بنجد، فكانت منازل ربيعة،
ثم منازل ابني وائل بكر وتغلب. وقال أبو المنذر هشام بن محمد في كتابه في افتراق العرب:
ودخلت قبائل ربيعة ظواهر بلاد نجد والحجاز، وأطراف تهامة، وما والاها من البلاد، وانقطعوا إليها، وانتثروا فيها، فكانوا بالذنائب، وواردات، والأحصّ، وشبيث، وبطن الجريب، والتّغلمين، وما بينها وما حولها من المنازل. وروت العلماء الأئمة، كأبي عبيدة وغيره: أن كليبا، واسمه وائل بن ربيعة بن الحارث بن مرّة بن زهير بن جشم ابن بكر بن حبيب بن عمرو بن غنم بن تغلب بن وائل، قال يوما لامرأته، وهي جليلة بنت مرّة أخت جساس بن مرة بن ذهل بن شيبان بن ثعلبة بن عكابة بن صعب بن علي بن بكر بن وائل، وأمّ جساس هبلة بنت منقذ بن سلمان بن كعب بن عمرو ابن سعد بن زيد مناة بن تميم، وكانت أختها البسوس نازلة على ابن أختها جسّاس بن مرّة، قال لها: هل تعرفين في العرب من هو أعزّ مني؟ قالت: نعم، أخواي جسّاس وهمّام، وقيل: قالت نعم، أخي جسّاس وندمانه عمرو المزدلف بن أبي ربيعة الحارث بن ذهل بن شيبان. فأخذ قوسه وخرج فمرّ بفصيل لناقة البسوس فعقره، وضرب ضرع ناقتها حتى اختلط لبنها ودمها، وكانا قد قاربا حماه، فأغمضوا له على ذلك، واستغاثت البسوس، ونادت بويلها.
فقال جسّاس: كفّي، فسأعقر غدا جملا هو أعظم من عقر ناقة. فبلغ ذلك كليبا، فقال: دون عليّان خرط القتاد. فذهبت مثلا، وعليّان فحل إبل كليب. ثم أصابتهم سماء فمرّوا بنهر يقال له شبيث، فأراد جساس نزوله، فامتنع كليب قصدا للمخالفة. ثم مرّوا على الأحصّ، فأراد جساس وقومه النزول عليه، فامتنع كليب قصدا للمخالفة. ثم مرّوا ببطن الجريب، فجرى أمره على ذلك، حتى نزلوا الذنائب، وقد كلّوا وأعيوا وعطشوا، فأغضب ذلك جسّاسا، فجاء وعمرو المزدلف معه، فقال له: يا وائل، أطردت أهلنا من المياه حتى كدت تقتلهم؟ فقال كليب: ما منعناهم من ماء إلّا ونحن له شاغلون، فقال له: هذا كفعلك بناقة خالتي، فقال له: أو ذكرتها؟ أما إني لو وجدتها في غير إبل مرّة، يعني أبا جساس، لاستحللت تلك الإبل.
فعطف عليه جساس فرسه وطعنه بالرمح فأنفذه فيه.
فلما أحسّ بالموت، قال: يا عمرو اسقني ماء، يقول ذلك لعمرو المزدلف، فقال له: تجاوزت بالماء الأحصّ، وبطن شبيث. ثم كانت حرب ابني وائل، وهي حرب البسوس، أربعين سنة، وهي حروب يضرب بشدتها المثل. قالوا: والذنائب عن يسار ولجة للمصعد إلى مكة، وبه قبر كليب. وقد حكى هذه القصة بعينها النابغة الجعدي، يخاطب عقال بن خويلد، وقد أجار بني وائل ابن معن، وكانوا قتلوا رجلا من بني جعدة، فحذّرهم مثل حرب البسوس وحرب داحس والغبراء، فقال في ذلك:
فأبلغ عقالا، إنّ غاية داحس ... بكفّيك، فاستأخر لها، أو تقدّم
تجير علينا وائلا بدمائنا، ... كأنّك، عمّا ناب أشياعنا، عم
كليب لعمري كان أكثر ناصرا، ... وأيسر جرما منك، ضرّج بالدم
رمى ضرع ناب، فاستمرّ بطعنة ... كحاشية البرد اليماني المسهّم
وقال لجسّاس: أغثني بشربة، ... تفضّل بها، طولا عليّ، وأنعم
فقال: تجاوزت الأحصّ وماءه، ... وبطن شبيث، وهو ذو مترسّم
فهذا كما تراه، ليس في الشعر والخبر ما يدلّ على أنها بالشام. وأما الأحصّ وشبيث بنواحي حلب، وقد تحقق أمرهما، فلا ريب فيهما، أما الأحصّ فكورة كبيرة مشهورة، ذات قرّى ومزارع، بين القبلة وبين الشمال من مدينة حلب، قصبتها خناصرة، مدينة كان ينزلها عمر بن عبد العزيز، وهي صغيرة، وقد خربت الآن إلّا اليسير منها. وأما شبيث، فجبل في هذه الكورة أسود، في رأسه فضاء، فيه أربع قرى، وقد خربت جميعها. ومن هذا الجبل يقطع أهل حلب وجميع نواحيها حجارة رحيّهم، وهي سود خشنة، وإياها عنى عدي بن الرقاع بقوله:
وإذا الربيع تتابعت أنواؤه، ... فسقى خناصرة الأحصّ وزادها
فأضاف خناصرة الى هذا الموضع، وإياها عنى جرير أيضا بقوله:
عادت همومي بالأحصّ وسادي، ... هيهات من بلد الأحصّ بلادي
لي خمس عشرة من جمادى ليلة، ... ما أستطيع على الفراش رقادي
ونعود سيّدنا وسيّد غيرنا، ... ليت التّشكي كان بالعوّاد
وأنشد الأصمعي، في كتاب جزيرة العرب، لرجل من طيّء، يقال له الخليل بن قردة، وكان له ابن واسمه زافر، وكان قد مات بالشام في مدينة دمشق، فقال:
ولا آب ركب من دمشق وأهله ... ولا حمص، إذ لم يأت، في الركب، زافر
ولا من شبيث والأحصّ ومنتهى ال ... مطايا بقنسّرين، أو بخناصر
وإياه عنى ابن أبي حصينة المعرّي بقوله:
لجّ برق الأحصّ في لمعانه، ... فتذكّرت من وراء رعانه
فسقى الغيث حيث ينقطع الأو ... عس من رنده ومنبت بانه
أو ترى النّور مثل ما نشر البر ... د، حوالي هضابه وقنانه
تجلب الريح منه أذكى من المس ... ك، إذا مرّت الصّبا بمكانه
وهذا، كما تراه، ليس فيه ما يدل على أنه إلا بالشام. فإن كان قد اتفق ترادف هذين الاسمين بمكانين بالشام، ومكانين بنجد، من غير قصد، فهو عجب. وإن كان جرى الأمر فيهما، كما جرى لأهل نجران ودومة، في بعض الروايات، حيث أخرج عمر أهلهما منهما، فقدموا العراق، وبنوا لهم بها أبنية، وسموها باسم ما أخرجوا منه، فجائز أن تكون ربيعة فارقت منازلها، وقدمت الشام، فأقاموا بها، وسموا هذه بتلك، والله أعلم. وينسب إلى أحصّ حلب، شاعر يعرف بالناشي الأحصّي، كان في أيام سيف الدولة أبي الحسن علي بن حمدان، له خبر ظريف، أنا مورده ههنا، وإن لم أكن على ثقة منه، وهو
أن هذا الشاعر الأحصّي دخل على سيف الدولة، فأنشده قصيدة له فيه، فاعتذر سيف الدولة بضيق اليد يومئذ، وقال له: أعذر فما يتأخر عنا حمل المال إلينا، فإذا بلغك ذلك فأتنا لنضاعف جائزتك، ونحسن إليك. فخرج من عنده فوجد على باب سيف الدولة كلابا تذبح لها السّخال وتطعم لحومها، فعاد إلى سيف الدولة فأنشده هذه الأبيات:
رأيت بباب داركم كلابا، ... تغذّيها وتطعمها السّخالا
فما في الأرض أدبر من أديب، ... يكون الكلب أحسن منه حالا
ثم اتفق أن حمل إلى سيف الدولة أموال من بعض الجهات على بغال، فضاع منها بغل بما عليه، وهو عشرة آلاف دينار، وجاء هذا البغل حتى وقف على باب الناشي الشاعر بالأحصّ، فسمع حسّه، فظنّه لصّا، فخرج إليه بالسلاح، فوجده بغلا موقرا بالمال، فأخذ ما عليه من المال وأطلقه. ثم دخل حلب ودخل على سيف الدولة وأنشده قصيدة له يقول فيها:
ومن ظنّ أن الرّزق يأتي بحيلة، ... فقد كذّبته نفسه، وهو آثم
يفوت الغنى من لا ينام عن السّرى، ... وآخر يأتي رزقه وهو نائم
فقال له سيف الدولة: بحياتي! وصل إليك المال الذي كان على البغل؟ فقال: نعم. فقال: خذه بجائزتك مباركا لك فيه. فقيل لسيف الدولة: كيف عرفت ذلك؟ قال عرفته من قوله:
وآخر يأتي رزقه وهو نائم
بعد قوله:
يكون الكلب أحسن منه حالا

عود: عاد: هذا الفعل إذا تلاه فعل آخر كان المعنى تكرار هذا الفعل الآخر، مثل الأداة بالفرنسية، يقال مثلاً: عادوا الخوارج تجمعَّوا. (معجم الطرائف). وإنْ عُدت رأيتك قتلتُك. (ألف ليلة 1: 101). وفي معجم بوشر: عاد أَخَذَ الشيء: رجع فأخذ الشيء. وعاد قطع النهر: اجتاز النهر ثانية. والأفصح أن يقال: عاد فسأل (معجم الطرائف).
عاد: قرأ القرآن مرة ثانية. ففي ألف ليلة (2: 111): فقرأ وعاد وختم.
عاد: رقد أو نام ثانية (عبد الواحد ص82).
عادْ وأوْف: حتى الآن، إلى الآن. ما زال، لم يزل. (فوك، ألكالا).
عاد: بالإضافة إلى ذلك. ويقال في النفي ما عاد، مثلاً: ما عاد فيه: ليس فيه. (بوشر).
عاد على: أصلح، دأب، وأعاد عمل الشيء، عمله ثانية. (بوشر).
عاد على فلان: مرادف رجع على. (معجم البلاذري).
عاد على: ربح، اكتسب، أفاد، حصل على. (فوك).
عَوَّد على: درَّب على، وجعله عادة له. (بوشر).
عَوَّد ب: بالمعنى السابق. ففي ألف ليلة 1: 85): أنيّ معوَّد بقتل العفاريت. (2: 26).
عَوَّد: بمعنى عاد. المريض أي زاره. (معجم مسلم).
عوَّد: أعاد كَرَّر القول أو الفعل. (هلو).
عوَّد على: أغرى، استعمال، علّق. (بوشر).
عيَّد لفلان: هنأه بالعيد. (بوشر).
أعَيّد: أعاد صنع الشيء. (المعجم اللاتيني- العربي).
عاوَد: عاود الكرَّة: أعاد الكرة، جدد محاولته في الهجوم على العدو: أعاد الكرة، (تاريخ البربر 1: 439).
عاود الكتابة: كتب مرة ثانية. (أخبار ص140).
عاود: عاد على عقيبه، رجع (بوشر).
عاوِدْ: أذهب وانصرف. (ألف ليلة برسل 9: 269) وفي طبعة ماكن: أرجعْ.
عاوَد إلى: عاد إلى، رجع إلى. (بوشر).
عاوَد: حرص على، ضد غفل. (ألف ليلة 2: 150). عايد فلاناً، وعايد على فلان: هنأه بالعيد.
(بوشر) وفي محيط المحيط: هنأ فلاناً بقدوم العيد.
أعاد: مختصر أعاد الصلاة. (المقري 3: 678).
أعاد: كان معيداً في الكلية وهو من يشرح للطلاب درس الأستاذ- (ميرسنج ص8).
لا أبدي ولا أعاد: لم ينبس ببنت شفة، لم يتكلم ببادئة ولا عائدة. (بوشر، لين).
اعاد لفلان على قدحه: يظهر أن معناها ردَة إلى ما كان عليه من صحة. (ألف ليلة برسل 3: 125).
تعَّود على: اعتاد على. جعله عادة وديدناً له.
ويقال: هو متعوَد على: أي معتاد على. (بوشر، ألف ليلة 2: 73).
تعَّود مع: ألف، أنس، استأنس ب. (بوشر).
تعَّود: حاول العودة إلى النوم. (أبو الوليد ص82).
تَعَّود: تلجج قبل العشاء، أكل عصراً (تعصرن) (بوشر).
تَعَيَّد على فلان: احتفل بالعيدَ عنده. (ألف ليلة 1: 659).
انعاد. منُعْاد: مُعاد، مكررّ. (بوشر).
اعتاد ب وعلى: تعوَّد على. (بوشر) واعتاد على (ألف ليلة 2: 12).
استعاد: استرد واسترجع ما أعطى. (بوشر).
استعاد: استرد استرجع، حصّل، استوفى، نال (معجم الطرائف).
استعاد: لا تعنى في معجم ألكالا اعتاد وتعوّد فقط بل تعني أيضاً: عوَّد ودرَّب.
عَوْد: بالنسبة الى، بالقياس الى. (ألكالا).
عود القران: من مصطلح علم التنجيم وهو التقاء كوكبين أو اكثر من منطقة واحدة من السماء. (المقدمة 2: 187).
عَوْد: في بلاد البربر جمعها عياد ومعناها حصان (بوسييه) وفحل الخيل (بوشر) والأنثى: عَوْدَة أي حِجْر، فرس أصلية. (بوسييه).
عُود: شجرة. المقري 1: 232، 305).
عُود: منصة، دَكّة. ومرتفع في أرض الحجرة يضطجع عليها للنوم. أو يجلس عليها، ففي رياض النفوس (ص101 ق) وما رقد أبو سعيد (أبو اسحق) على عود قط (يعني سُدَّة) ولا سريرا (سرير) - وفي كتاب ابن القوطية (16ق): ويدَخل أصحابي هؤلاء معي وهم سادات الموالى بالأندلس فلا تَزيدُنا من الكرامة على القعود على العيدان. وفي المقري (1: 160) في نفس العبارة الجمع أعواد.
أعواد السرير وأعواد فقط أيضاً: نقالة، نعش جنازة سرير لحمل الموتى. (مباحث 2: 42 - 43، المقدمة 3: 331، تاريخ البربر 1: 203، 222، 361، 2: 116، 130، 425، 498) وانظر لين.
أعواد المنبر، وأعواد فقط أيضاً: منبر .. (عباد 1: 140 رقم 403، معجم الطرائف، المقدمة 2: 64).
أعواد: عرش، سدة الملك (تاريخ البربر 2: 263، 316).
أعواد: تكرر ذكرها في رحلة ابن جبير بمعنى: أعمدة الدرابزين. وسياج. في (ص277) مثلاً.
أعواد: سفن حربية (المقدمة 2: 33، 34).
عُود: كرسي خشب. (زيشر 22: 76، 80).
عود حديد: قضيب حديد. (بوشر).
أعواد الشاه: حجارة الشطرنج. (المقري 1: 180).
عود كبريت: وقيدة، شخّاطة. (بوشر).
عود: عود الند، نوع من الطيب يتبخر به، ولم يذكره لين في معجمه، وفيه: العود الرطب. (المعجم اللاتيني العربي، المستعيني، المقري 1: 361).
عود الصرف. (المستعيني).
العود الصنفي. (المستعيني).
عود ما وردى. (نيبور أمثال عربية) ..
أعواد: جمع عود يقال أعواد ويراد بها مركبات عطرية يتبخر بهما- ففي ابن البيطار (1: 57): والأظفار القرشية تدخل في الندود والأعواد والبرمكية والمثلثة.
عود: مزهر. آلة موسيقية وتريّة يضرب عليها بريشة ونحوها. وتؤنث الكلمة أيضاً. (معجم أبي الفداء. وللعود في مراكش أربعة أوتار مزدوجة (لين، هوست اللوحة 31 رقم 1).
عود: أنبوب، ماسورة، وغليون التدخين (بوشر).
عود البرق: هو دار شيشعان بأفريقية. (ابن البيطار 1: 408).
عود الحضض: عوسج. لوسيون، موقيون (بوشر). عود حلو: عود السوس، عرق السوس: (سنج).
العود الأحمر: مغث، جار الماء. (كاريت قبيل 1: 259).
عود الحية: سربتين. (ابن البيطار 2: 225).
عود الخولان: عود الحضض. (بوشر).
عود المرابط: نبات اسمه العلمي: Lignum Sanctum وكذلك: Lignum gamiacum. ( باجني مخطوطات).
العود الرطب: عود البخور، عود هندي عود الند، عود. وفي المعجم اللاتيني- العربي سليخة وأيضاً العود الرطب (انظر ما تقدم).
عود الرقة: المحروث وهو أصل الانجدان (ابن البيطار 2: 226) وفي مخطوطة كه: الدقة.
عود الريح: اسم مشترك يقال بالشام على عود الفاوانيا، ويقال بمصر على النوع الصغير من العروق الصفر وهو الماميران، ويقال أيضاً على قشور اصل شجر البرباريس وهو المسمى بالبربرية أأرغيس، ويقال أيضاً على الوّج (ابن البيطار2: 220).
ويطلق في الأندلس على نبات اسمه العلمي: Lysimachia Vulgaris ( ابن البيطار 2: 445).
عود ريح مغربي: هو الاسم الذي يطلقه أهل مصر على أأرغيس. (ابن البيطار 1: 4).
عود الصليب: فوانيا. (ابن البيطار 2: 225، 278، بوشر).
عود الصليب: زهر النسرين، جلنسرين. (الكالا) عود العطاس: وفي ابن البيطار (2: 223): (سعوط: ويسمى عود العطاس أيضاً عند البياطرة بالأندلس. (بوشر).
عود العطاس: نبات اسمه العلمي: sophyle Struthiumgyp ( ابن البيطار 2: 226).
عود العَقرب: خشبه كان رهبان القديس انطوان يسحقونه ويستعملونه ترياقاً نافعاً لعضة الحيوانات السانة. كما يستعملونه أيضاً لالتهابات العيون والرمد (فانسليب ص333).
عود القرح: عاقر قرحا (بوشر، سبخ).
عودالقرح الجبلي: كان يطلق عند أطباء الشام على عاقر قرحا الذي ذكره ديسقوريدوس.
وعود القرح المغربي عندهم هو تاغندست (ابن البيطار 2: 180).
ونجدالعودللقرحفي ألف ليلة (2: 318) = طبعة بولاق.
عود قصب: قصب السكر (بوشر).
عودالقيسة: اسم شجرة في مصر، والصباغون يستعملون خشبها في الصباغ. (ابن البيطار 2: 132).
عود الماء: صفصاف. (دوب ص70).
عودمنتن: أناغورس. (بوشر).
عود نوار: كبش قرنفل (هوست ص 271).
عود الوجّ: ابكر، القصبة العطرة. أو السوسن البري. (ابن البيطار 2: 226).
عود اليسر: فسرت تفسيرات مختلفة. انظر: (ابن البيطار 2: 226). عيد: سوق تقام في كل تسعة ايام. (ألكالا).
عيد: هو العيد الصغير أو عيد الفطر، وهو الذي يلي شهر رمضان. (عباد 1: 147 رقم 2433 تقويم غرناطة ص223). العيد الكبير: هو الاسم الذي تطلقه العامة على شهر ذي الحجة. (هوست ص251، دومب ص58، رولاند).
عيد الجسد أو عيد القربان المقدس: عيد جسد الرب، عيد القربان، عيد سر القربان المقدَّس (بوشر).
عيد الغطَّاس: عيد الظهور عيد الدنح (بوشر).
عيد: عيد بمعنى نوع من الشجر ينبت في الجبال (لين) ويظهر أن هذه الكلمة تجمع على عيود لأنا نقرأ عند البكري (ص115): وهو جبل كثير العيود. وما ينقله لين من تاج العروس مذكور أيضاً عند أبن البيطار (2: 227) وقد كتب الكلمة عيداً، ولعل هذا خطأ.
عادَة. عادة ازمانه: دَورياً، بأوقات معلومة. (تاريخ البربر 1: 227).
عادَة: عُرف. (الكالا).
عادَة: هدية تقدم حسب العرف. (صفة مصر 11: 486، لين عادات 2: 207، غدامس ص185).
عادة القفول: هدايا تستلم من القوافل. (دوماس عادات ص386).
عادة: ضريبة تدفع. (غدامس ص25، 149).
عادات النساء: حيض، (بوشر).
عُودَة: حُطَيبة. كسرة حطب، عود صغير. (بوشر).
عادِيّ. ثمرة عادية: شجرة باسقة. (فوك، المسعودي 2: 81، ابن بطوطة 3: 127، 128، 327، 4: 183، 243، 391).
وكذلك يقال عن الرجل إنه كان عادي الخلق إذا كان عملاقاً هائل الخلق جسيماً. (الأغاني 2: 182). طبعة بولاق.
عادي: اعتيادي، مألوف (المقدمة 3: 119).
عادي: مبتذل، غث، تافه، عامي (بوشر). الكلام العادي: الكلام العامي، وهو الكلام الذي تتكلم به عامة الناس. (بوشر).
العاديات: التصرفات المألوفة في الحياة. (المقدمة 3: 119).
عودي؟ في ألف ليلة (4: 281): عليه الفرجية الجوخ العودي (= برسل). عُوديَّة: الضاربة على العُود وهو آلة موسيقية وترية يضرب عليها بريشة ونحوها. (ألف ليلة برسل 12: 300، ترجمة لين لألف ليلة 2: 322 رقم 39).
عِيدِيَّة: حُلوان: هدية رأس السنة. (بوشر).
عيداني: ذكرت في ألف ليلة (برسل 7: 190) ولا بد أن نبدل بعَبَّداني أو عبَّاداني (انظر هاتين الكلمتين).
عويداتي: طاه غير مجيد للطبخ، صاحب مطعم حقير. (ألف ليلة برسل 9: 260).
عَوّاد: نجار يصنع العربات وأدوات الحراثة (الكالا).
عَوَّاد: من يردد ما يقوله الآخر. (بوشر).
عيَّاد كلام: مكرر الكلام. ثرثار. مكرر ما يقول (بوشر).
عَياد: والجمع عيادة: عارض أعمال البهلوان (دوماس حياة العرب ص412) ولا بد أنها مشتقة من أعياد جمع عيد. (دوماس مخطوطات).
عَائدّة، وجمعها عوائد: عرف وعادة. (تاريخ البربر 1: 69).
حاكم العوائد: حاكم أو قاض يحكم بحسب العرف والعادة. (ألكالا).
العوائد: الدراهم التي يلقيها الاغا إلى الفقراء وهو في طريقة إلى زيارة السلطان في اليوم الرابع من ايام العيد الكبير (روزيه 2: 90).
عوائد: ضرائب، رسوم، مكوس، خراج، رسوم دخول البضائع وخروجها (بوشر).
عوائد: ضرائب، إتاوات. (شيرب ديال ص164، زيشر 18: 566).
عوائد: محصلة (جرابرج ص219).
عوائد الكمرك: رسوم الكمرك. (بوشر، جرابرج ص: 222).
عوائد: دخل، إيراد، ريع، مورد، محصول (هلو) وفيه: أوايد وهو خطأ.
عوائد: مواد غذائية، غلال. محصولات، محاصيل، سلع غذائية. (رولاند ديال ص570).
عوائد النساء: الحيض، الطمث. (بوشر).
أعوْدُ: اكثر عائدة، أكثر نفعاً. ويقال: هو اعود لفلان أي اكثر نفعاً. انظر الروايات المختلفة لهذه الكلمة في رحلة ابن بطوطة (3: 13).
تعويدة: لمجة، وجبة طعام خفيفة بدل العشاء، وتصبيرة، أكلة خفيفة بين الغداء والعشاء، تعصيرة، عصرونية. (بوشر).
مُعَيد: شخص يشرح للطلاب درس الأستاذ، مكرر درس الأستاذ. (دي سلان ترجمة ابن خلكان 2: 333) رقم 1، ياقوت 4: 881، ابن بطوطة 2: 109) ويقال له في الهند مكرر (ابن بطوطة 3: 432).
معود: مصلح الأمور، مجدد النظام، (ألكالا).
شرع معاود: عريضة استئناف الحكم. (رولاند).
متعيد: عند الموازنة كتاب يتضمن صلوات أعيادهم في اللغة السريانية. (محيط المحيط).
سكر منعاد: سكر مصفى، سكر مكرر (فليشر معجم ص65 رقم 2).
اعتيادي: عادي، مألوف، معتاد. (بوشر).
مستعود: ما يرجع إلى الحكم بالعرف والعادة. (ألكالا).

عود

1 عَادَ إِلَيْهِ, (S, A, O, TA,) and لَهُ, and فِيهِ, (TA,) aor. ـُ (S, O,) inf. n. عَوْدٌ and عَوْدَةٌ, (S, O, K, TA,) which latter is also an inf. n. of un., (TA,) and مَعَادٌ, (K, TA,) He, or it, returned to it, (S, A, O, K, * TA,) namely, a thing: (TA:) or, accord. to some, the verb is differently used with فِى and with other preps.: (MF, TA:) [with فى it seems generally to imply some degree of continuance, in addition to the simple meaning of the verb alone:] one says, عاد الكَلْبُ فِى قَيْئِهِ The dog returned to his vomit: (Msb in art. رجع:) and عاد لَهُ بَعْدَ مَا كَانَ أَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ [He returned to it after he had turned away from it]: (S, O:) and ↓ اِعْتَادَ, also, signifies he returned: (KL:) or عاد إِلَى كَذَا, and لَهُ, inf. n. عَوْدٌ (Mgh, Msb) and عَوْدَةٌ, (Msb,) signifies He, or it, came to such a thing or state or condition; syn. صَارَ إِليْهِ; (Mgh, * Msb;) at first, or for the first time, or originally; and also, a second time, or again; and the verb is trans. by means of عَلَى and فِى as well as إِلَى and لِ, and also by itself: (Mgh:) لَتَعُودُنَّ فِى مِلَّتِنَا, in the Kur [vii. 86 and xiv. 16], means Ye shall assuredly come to our religion; for the words relate to the apostle: (O, * and Bd in xiv. 16:) or the words relate to the apostle and to those who believed with him, the latter being made to have a predominant influence upon the verb; (Bd in vii. 86 and xiv. 16, and Jel in vii. 86;) the meaning being ye shall assuredly return to our religion: (Bd * and Jel in vii. 86:) or the meaning is, ye shall assuredly enter the communion of our religion; the verb here signifying beginning: and the saying, of a poet, وَعَادَ الرَّأْسُ مِنِّى كَالثَّغَامِ is cited as an ex. [i. e. as meaning And my head began to be white like the plant called ثغام]: or the meaning in this instance may be, became like the ثغام: (MF, TA:) you say also, عاد كَذَا He, or it, became so, or in such a state or condition: (K, TA:) and it is said in a trad., وَدِدْتُ

أَنَّ هٰذَا اللَّبَنَ يَعُودُ قَطِرَانًا [I wish that this milk would become tar]. (O, TA.) عاد is also used as an incomplete [i. e. a non-attributive] verb in the sense of كَانَ [He, or it, was], requiring an enunciative [generally] on the condition of its being preceded by a conjunction, as in the saying of Hassán, وَلَقَدْ صَبَوْتُ بِهَا وَعَادَ شَبَابُهَا غَضًّا وَعَادَ زَمَانُهَا مُسْتَظْرَفًا [And I had inclined to silly and youthful conduct with her, when her youth was fresh and her time of life was deemed comely]; the meaning being كَانَ شَبَابُهَا [and كَانَ زَمَانُهَا]. (MF, TA.) [See also an ex. in a verse cited voce مَطْمَعَةٌ. But the first of the significations mentioned in this art. is that which is most common. Hence several phrases mentioned below voce عَوْدٌ. And hence the phrase يَعُودُ عَلَى كَذَا, inf. n. عَوْدٌ, used by grammarians, It refers, or relates, to such a thing; as a pronoun to a preceding noun. Hence, likewise,] b2: عَادَهُ is also syn. with اِعْتَادَهُ, q. v. (S, O.) b3: [Hence, also,] عاد, (Az, TA,) inf. n. عَوْدٌ (Az, K, TA) and عِيَادٌ, (K,) He repeated, or did a second time. (Az, K, * TA.) One says, بَدَأَ ثُمَّ عَادَ He began, or did a first time, or the first time: then repeated, or did a second time. (Az, TA.) It is said in a prov., العَوْدُ أَحْمَدُ [Repetition is more praiseworthy: see art. حمد]. (S, O.) See also 4, in two places. b4: And عُدْتُهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, O,) inf. n. عِيَادَةٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and عِيَادٌ and عَوْدٌ and عُوَادَةٌ (K) and عَيْدُودَةٌ [like كَيْنُونَةٌ], (MF,) [I came to him time after time: see its act. part. n., عَائِدٌ:] I visited him, (Msb, K, TA,) [commonly and especially (see again عَائِدٌ)] meaning a sick person. (S, O, Msb, K, TA.) b5: عَادَنِى الشَّىْءُ, (TA,) inf. n. عَوْدٌ; (K;) and ↓ اِعْتَادَنِى, (TA,) inf. n. اِعْتِيَادٌ; (K;) The thing befell me, betided me, or happened to me. (K, * TA.) One says, هَمٌّ وَحُزْنٌ ↓ اِعْتَادَنِى

[Anxiety and grief betided me]. (TA.) b6: عَاد بِمَعْرُوفٍ, aor. ـُ inf. n. عَوْدٌ, He conferred, or bestowed, favour, or a favour or benefit. (Msb.) One says, عاد عَلَيْنَا فُلَانٌ بِمَعْرُوفِهِ [Such a one conferred, or bestowed, his favour upon us]. (A.) And عاد عَلَيْهِ بِصِلَةٍ [He conferred, or bestowed, a free gift upon him]. (TA.) And عاد عَلَيْهِ بِالعَائِدَةِ الصَّالِحَةِ, aor. ـُ [meaning It brought him that which was a good return or profit,] is said of a thing purchased with the price of another thing. (S. and K in art. رجع.) b7: عاد عَلَيْهِمُ الدَّهْرُ Fortune destroyed them. (A.) And عَادَت الرِّيَاحُ وَالأَمْطَارُ عَلَى الدِّيَارِ حَتَّى دَرَسَتْ [The winds and the rains assailed the dwellings so that they became effaced]. (A.) b8: عَوْدٌ is also syn. with رَدٌّ: (K, TA:) one says عاد, inf. n. عَوْدٌ, meaning He rejected (رَدَّ) and undid (نَقَضَ) what he had done [as though he reverted from it]. (TA.) [Accord. to the TK, one says, عاد السَّائِلَ, meaning رَدَّهُ, i. e. He turned back, or away, the beggar, or asker.] b9: And i. q. صَرْفٌ: (K:) one says, عَادَنِى أَنْ أَجِيْئَكَ, in which عادنى is [said to be] formed by transposition from عَدَانِى, meaning He, or it, diverted me from coming to thee: mentioned by Yaakoob. (TA.) 2 عوّدهُ إِيَّاهُ He accustomed, or habituated, him to it. (Msb, K.) One says, عوّد كَلْبَهُ الصَّيْدَ He accustomed, or habituated, his dog to the chase. (S, O.) And هٰذَا أَمْرٌ يُعَوِّدُ النَّاسَ عَلَىَّ is a saying mentioned by Aboo-'Adnán as meaning This is a thing that causes men to become accustomed, or addicted, to treating me wrongfully. (O, TA.) A2: عوّد [from the subst. عُوَادَةٌ] He (a man, O) ate what is termed عُوَادَة, (O, K,) i. e. food brought again after its having been once eaten of. (O.) A3: عوّد said of a camel, (S, O, K,) and of a sheep or goat, (IAth, TA,) inf. n. تَعْوِيدٌ, (K,) He became such as is termed عَوْد [i. e. old, &c.]: (S, O, K:) or, said of a camel, he exceeded the period of his بُزُول [q. v.] by three, or four, years: one does not say of a she-camel عوّدت. (T, TA.) And, said of a man, He became advanced in age, or years. (IAar, TA.) A4: عيّد [from عِيدٌ, and therefore retaining the ى in the place of the original و], (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَعْيِيدٌ, (Msb,) He was present on the occasion of the عِيد [or periodical festival; or at the prayers, or other observances, thereof; or he kept, observed, or solemnized, the festival, or a festival]. (S, Msb, K.) One says, عيّد بِبَلَدِ كَذَا, meaning He was, on the day of the عِيد, [or he kept the عيد or an عيد,] in such a town, or country. (O.) 3 مُعَاوَدَةٌ signifies The returning to the first affair. (S, O.) b2: And عاودهُ He returned to it time after time. (Msb.) b3: [Hence,] i. q. اِعْتَادَهُ, q. v., as syn. with تَعَوَّدَهُ. (K.) b4: [عاودهُ الكَلَامَ, or عاودهُ alone, or each of these phrases, the latter being probably used for the former, like as رَاجَعَهُ is used for رَاجَعَهُ الكَلَامَ, app. signifies primarily He returned time after time to talking with him: and hence, he talked with him alternately; (compare a signification assigned to 6;) he returned him answer for answer, or answers for answers; held a dialogue, or colloquy, or conference, or a disputation, or debate, with him; bandied words with him: for it is said that] رَاجَعَهُ الكَلَامَ is syn. with عَاوَدَهُ [app. meaning عاودهُ الكَلَامَ]; (S * and K in art. رجع;) [and that] رَاجَعْتُهُ is syn. with عَاوَدْتُهُ. (Msb in that art.) b5: And عاودهُ بِالْمَسْأَلَةِ He asked him the question repeatedly, or time after time. (S, O.) b6: [Hence,] عاود مَا كَانَ فِيهِ He persevered in that in which he was engaged. (TA.) b7: And عَاوَدَتْهُ الحُمَّى (S, O, TA) [may signify The fever returned to him time after time: or] means the fever clave perseveringly to him. (TA.) 4 اعادهُ (O, K) He returned it, or restored it, (K,) إِلَى مَكَانِهِ [to its place; he replaced it]. (O, K.) b2: And He did it a second time: (S, Msb:) he repeated it, or iterated it; syn. كَرَّرَهُ; namely, speech; (K;) as also لَهُ ↓ عَادَ; he said it a second time; (Mgh;) and إِلَيْهِ ↓ عاد and عَلَيْهِ [likewise] signify the same as اعادهُ: (TA:) but Aboo-Hilál El-'Askeree says that كَرَّرَهُ signifies he repeated it once or more than once; whereas اعادهُ signifies only he repeated it once: (MF, TA:) اعاد الكَلَامَ mean he repeated the speech [saying it] a second time; syn. رَدَّدَهُ ثَانِيًا. (O.) One says, اعاد الصَّلَاةَ He said the prayer a second time. (Msb.) and مَا يُبْدِئُ وَمَا يُعِيدُ signifies ما يَتَكَلَّمُ بِبَادِئَةٍ وَلَا عَائِدَةٍ, (Lth, A, O,) i. e. He does not say anything for the first time; nor anything for the second time; or anything original, nor anything in the way of repetition; بَادِئَةُ الكَلَامِ signifying what is said for the first time; and الكَلَامِ ↓ عَائِدَةُ, what is said for the second time, afterwards: (TA in art. بدأ:) or he says not anything: (A:) and he has no art, artifice, or cunning. (IAar, TA; and A in art. بدأ; q. v.) b3: [Also He returned it, or restored it, to a former state: and hence, he renewed it: he reproduced it.] One says of God, يُبْدِئُ الخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُ, meaning [He createth, or bringeth into existence, mankind:] then He returneth them, after life, to lifelessness, in the present world; and after lifelessness, to life, on the day of resurrection. (TA.) b4: See also 8. b5: [اعاد also signifies He, or it, rendered; or made to be, or become; (like جَعَلَ;) in which sense it is doubly trans.: see an ex. in a verse cited voce عَسِيفٌ.]5 تَعَوَّدَ see 8, in three places.6 تعاودوا They returned, each party of them to its chief, or leader, in war or battle, (S, K,) &c. (S.) b2: And تَعَاوَدْنَا العَمَلَ وَالأَمْرَ بَيْنَنَا We did the work, and the affair, by turns among us. (T in art. دول. [But perhaps the right reading here is تَعَاوَرْنَا.]) 8 اعتاد: see 1, near the beginning.

A2: اعتادهُ He frequented it; or came to it and returned to it; namely, a place. (T in art. ارى.) b2: and He looked at it time after time until he knew it. (TA in art. بلد.) b3: And, as also ↓ تعوّدهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and ↓ عَادَهُ; (S, O;) and so ↓ عاودهُ, inf. n. مُعَاوَدَةٌ and عِوَادٌ; and ↓ اعادهُ, (K,) and ↓ استعادهُ; (O, K;) He became accustomed, or habituated, to it; or he accustomed, or habituated, himself to it; or made it his custom, or habit. (S, O, Msb, K.) It is said in a trad., الخَيْرَ ↓ تَعَوَّدُوا فَإِنَّ الخَيْرَ عَادَةٌ وَالشَّرَّ لَجَاجَةٌ, meaning Accustom yourselves to good; for good becomes a habit, and evil is persevered in. (A.) And one says, ↓ تعوّد الكَلْبُ الصَّيْدَ The dog became accustomed, or habituated, to the chase. (S.) b4: See also 1, latter half, in two places.10 استعادهُ He asked him to return. (O, Msb, K.) b2: And استعادهُ الشَّىْءَ He asked him to repeat the thing; to do it a second time: (S, O, Msb, K:) and استعادهُ مِنْهُ [He asked for the repetition of it from him]. (Har p. 28.) b3: See also 8.

عَادٌ: see عَادَةٌ.

A2: مَا أَدْرِى أَىُّ عَادَ هُوَ, (S, O, K,) عاد being in this case imperfectly decl., (S, O, [but in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K it is written عادٍ,]) means I know not what one of mankind he is. (S, O, K.) [Perhaps it is from عَادٌ the name of an ancient and extinct tribe of the Arabs.]

عَادِ, indecl., with kesr for its termination, is a particle in the sense of إِنَّ, governing an accus. case, on the condition of its being preceded by a verbal proposition and a conjunction; as in the saying, رَقَدْتُ وَعَادِ أَبَاكَ سَاهِرٌ [I slept, and verily thy father was waking, or remaining awake, by night]: b2: it is also an interrogative particle in the sense of هَلْ, indecl., with kesr for its termination, requiring an answer; as in the saying, عَادِ أَبُوكَ مُقِيمٌ [Is thy father abiding?]: b3: it also denotes an answer, in the sense of a proposition rendered negative by means of لم or of ما, only; indecl., with kesr for its termination; and this is when it is conjoined with a pronoun; as when an interrogator says, هَلْ صَلَّيْتَ [Didst thou perform, or hast thou performed, the act of prayer?], and thou answerest, عَادِنِنى, meaning Verily I (إِنَّنِى) did not perform, or have not performed, the act of prayer: b4: and some of the people of El-Hijáz suppress the ن in عَادِنِى: both the modes are chaste when عَادِ is used in the sense of إِنَّ: b5: sometimes, also, it is used by the interrogator and the answerer; the former saying, عَادِ خَرَجَ زَيْدٌ [Did Zeyd go forth? or has Zeyd gone forth?], and the latter saying, عَادِهِ, meaning Verily he did not go forth, or has not gone forth: b6: all this is unmentioned by the leading authors on the Arabic language, those of lengthy compositions as well as the epitomisers. (MF, TA.) عَوْدٌ an inf. n. of 1, as also ↓ عَوْدَةٌ, (S, O, K,) and ↓ عُوَادَةٌ, and ↓ مَعَادٌ. (K.) [Hence,] one says, لَكَ العَوْدُ and ↓ العَوْدَةُ and ↓ العُوَادَةُ It is for thee to return (Lh, K, TA) فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ in this affair. (TA.) And ↓ اَللّٰهُمَّ ارْزُقْنَا إِلَى البَيْتِ مَعَادًا and ↓ عَوْدَةً (A, TA) O God, grant us a return to the House [i. e. the Kaabeh, called “ the House” as being “ the House of God”]. (TA.) and رَجَعَ عَوْدَهُ عَلَى بَدْئِهِ, (Sb, K,) [expl. in the TA in art. غبر as meaning He returned without his having obtained, or attained, anything,] and عَوْدًا عَلَى بَدْءٍ: (K:) and رَجَعْتُ عَوْدِى عَلَى بَدْئِى: (Sb:) expl., with other similar phrases, in art. بدأ, q. v.

A2: See also عَائِدٌ.

A3: Also A camel, (IAar, S, O, Msb, K,) and a sheep or goat, (IAar, O, K,) old, or advanced in age: (S, O, Msb, K:) applied to the former, that has passed the ages at which he is termed بَازِل and مُخْلِف: (S, O:) or that has passed three years, or four, since the period of his بُزُول: (Az, TA:) or a camel old, or advanced in age, but retaining remains of strength: (L:) or one old, or advanced in age, and well trained, and accustomed to be ridden or the like: (TA:) fem. with ة: you say نَاقَةٌ عَوْدَةٌ, (As, S, O,) and نَاقَتَانِ عَوْدَتَانِ, (As, TA,) and عَنْزٌ عَوْدَةٌ: (TA:) or one should not say نَاقَةٌ عَوْدَةٌ, nor نَعْجَةٌ عَوْدَةٌ; (Az, TA;) but one says شَاةٌ عَوْدَةٌ: (Az, IAth, O:) the pl. of عَوْدٌ is عِوَدَةٌ (As, S, O, K) and عِيَدَةٌ (O, K) as some say, but this is anomalous, (O,) of a particular dial., and bad; (Az, TA;) and the pl. of عَوْدَةٌ is عوَدٌ. (As, O, TA.) It is said in a prov., إِنْ جَرْجَرَ العَوْدُ فَزِدْهُ وِقْرًا [If the old camel make a grumbling sound in his throat, then increase thou his load]. (S.) and in another, عَوْدٌ يُعَلَّمُ العَنَجِ [expl. in art. عنج]. (O.) b2: It is also applied to man: (S, O:) one says, زَاحِمْ بِعَوْدٍ أَوْ دَعْ, (S, O, K,) (assumed tropical:) Ask thou aid of a person of age, (S, O,) and experience in affairs, (O,) and knowledge, (S, O,) or let it alone; (O;) for the judgment of the elder is better than the aspect, or outward appearance, (مَشْهَد,) of the youth, or young man: (S, O:) or ask aid, in thy war, of perfect men advanced in age: (K:) a proverb. (S, O.) [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 586.] b3: And (tropical:) An old road: (S, O, K:) from the same word as an epithet applied to a camel. (O.) A poet says, (S, O,) namely, Besheer Ibn-En-Nikth, (TA, and so in a copy of the S,) عَوْدٌ عَلَى عَوْدٍ لِأَقْوَامٍ أُوَلْ يَمُوتُ بِالتَّرْكِ وَيَحْيَا بِالعَمَلْ (S, * O, TA) i. e. An old camel upon an old road [belonging to prior peoples], (S, O, TA,) a road that dies away by being abandoned and revives by being travelled. (TA.) And another says, عَوْدٌ عَلَى عَوْدٍ عَلَى عَوْدٍ خَلَقْ i. e. An old man upon an old camel upon an old worn road. (IB, TA.) [See also مُعِيدٌ.] b4: and سُودَدٌ عَوْدٌ means (tropical:) Old [lordship, or glory or honour or dignity]. (S, A, O, K, TA.) [See also عَادِىٌّ.] b5: And إِنَّكَ لَتَمُتُّ بِرَحِمٍ عَوْدَةٍ occurs in a trad., as said by Mo'áwiyeh, meaning [Verily thou seekest to advance thyself in my favour] by an old and remote tie of relationship. (TA.) b6: And عَوْدٌ is used by Abu-n-Nejm as meaning The sun, in the saying, وَتَبِعَ الأَحْمَرَ عَوْدٌ يَرْجُمُهْ [And a sun followed the red dawn, driving it away]: by الأَحْمَر he means الصُّبْح. (TA.) عُودٌ Wood; timber; syn. خَشَبٌ: (Mgh, O, K:) any slender piece of wood or timber: (Lth, TA:) or a piece of wood of any tree, whether slender or thick: or a part, of a tree, in which sap runs, whether fresh and moist or dry: (TA:) a staff; a stick; a rod: and also a sprig: (the lexicons &c. passim:) a branch; or twig; properly, that is cut off; but also applied to one not cut off: (Har p. 499:) [and the stem of the raceme of a palm-tree, and the like: (see فَجَّانٌ, in art. فج:)] pl. [of mult.] عِيدَانٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) originally عِوْدَانٌ, (Msb,) and [of pauc.]

أَعْوَادٌ. (S, O, Msb, K.) b2: [Hence,] رَكَّبَ اللّٰهُ عُودًا عُودًا, (A,) or عُودًا عَلَى عُودٍ, (TA,) God caused the arrow to be put upon the bow, for shooting; (A;) meaning that civil war, or conflict, or faction, or sedition, became excited. (A, TA.) b3: And سَبِيلُ ذِى الأَعْوَادِ (assumed tropical:) Death: الاعواد meaning the pieces of wood upon which the dead is carried: (El-Mufaddal, Az, L:) for the Arabs of the desert, having no biers, put two pieces of wood together, and on them carry the dead to the grave. (Az, L.) b4: And العُودَانِ The pulpit and the staff of the Prophet. (Sh, O, K.) b5: and one says, هُوَ صُلْبُ العُودِ: (tropical:) see art. صلب. b6: and هُوْ مِنْ عُودِ صِدْقٍ and سَوْءٍ (tropical:) [He is of a good branch and of a bad branch]. (TA.) b7: And it is said in a trad. of Shureyh, إِنَّمَا القَضَآءُ جَمْرٌ فَادْفَعِ الجَمْرَ عَنْكَ بِعُودَيْنِ [Verily the exercise of the judicial office is like the approaching live coals; and repel thou the live coals from thee by means of two sticks]: meaning, guard thyself well from the fire [of Hell] by means of two witnesses; like as he who warms himself by means of fire repels the live coals from his place with a stick or other thing that he may not be burned: or act firmly and deliberately in judging, and do thy utmost to repel from thee the fire [of Hell]. (L.) b8: عُودُ الصَّلِيبِ: see يَبْرُوحٌ. b9: العُودُ also signifies [Aloes-wood;] a well-known odoriferous substance; (Msb;) that with which one fumigates himself; (S, O, K; *) a certain aromatized wood, with which one fumigates himself; thus called because of its excellence: (L:) العُودُ الهِنْدِىُّ [which, like عُودُ البَخُورِ and عُودُ النَّدِّ and العُودُ القَمَارِىُّ and العُودُ القُاقُلِّىُّ, is a common, well-known, term for aloes-wood,] is said to be the same as القُسْطُ البَحْرِىُّ. (TA. [See art. قسط.]) b10: And A certain musical instrument, (S, O, L, Msb, K,) well known; (TA;) [the lute; which word, like the French “ luth,” &c., is derived from العُود: accord. to the L, it has four chords; but I have invariably found it to have seven double chords: it is figured and described in my work on the Modern Egyptians: in the present day it is generally played with a plectrum, formed of a slip of a vulture's feather; but in former times it seems to have been usually played upon with the tips of the fingers:] pl. as above, عِيدَانٌ and أَعْوَادٌ. (Msb.) b11: And The bone [called os hyoides] at the root of the tongue; (O, K;) also called عُودُ اللِّسَانِ. (O.) b12: And أُمُّ العُودِ signifies The [portion, or appertenance, of the stomach of a ruminant animal, called] قِبَة, (O,) or قِبَّة, (K,) i. e. the فَحِث: (TA:) pl. أُمَّهَاتُ العُودِ. (O.) عِيدٌ, originally عِوْدٌ, the و being changed into ى because of the kesreh before it, (Az, TA,) An occurrence that befalls, or betides, one, or that happens to one, [or returns to one, of some former affection of the mind or body, i. e.] of anxiety, (S, O, K,) or of some other kind, (S, O,) of disease, or of grief, (O, K,) and the like, (K,) of affliction, and of desire: and accord. to Az, the time of return of joy and of grief. (TA.) b2: [And hence, A festival; or periodical festival;] a feast-day; (KL;) i. q. مَوْسِمٌ; (Msb;) any day on which is an assembling, or a congregating; (K;) [and particularly an anniversary festival:] so called because it returns every year with renewed joy: (IAar, TA:) or, from عَادَ, because people return to it: or from عَادَةٌ, “a custom,” because they are accustomed to it: (TA:) pl. أَعْيَادٌ; the ى being retained in the pl. because it is in the sing., or to distinguish it from أَعْوَادٌ the pl. of عُودٌ; (S, O, Msb;) for regularly its pl. would be أَعْوَادٌ, like as أَرْوَاحٌ is pl. of رِيحٌ. (TA.) [The two principal religious festivals of the Muslims are called عِيدُ الأَضْحَى The festival of the victims (see art. ضحو and ضحى) and عِيدُ الفِطْرِ The festival of the breaking of the fast after Ramadán.] The dim. of عِيدٌ is ↓ عُيَيْدٌ; the ى being retained in it like as it is retained in the pl. (TA.) b3: See also عَادَةٌ, in two places.

A2: Also, A certain sort of mountain-tree, (K, TA,) that produces twigs about a cubit in length, dust-coloured, having no leaves nor blossoms, but having much peel, and having many knots: fresh wounds are dressed with its peel, and close up in consequence thereof. (TA.) عَادَةٌ A custom, manner, habit, or wont; syn. دَأْبٌ, and وَتِيرَةٌ, (MA,) or دَيْدَنٌ: (K:) so called because one returns to it time after time: it respects more especially actions; and عُرْفٌ, sayings; as in indicated in the Telweeh &c.; or, accord. to some, عُرْفٌ and عَادَةٌ are syn.: (MF, TA:) and accord. to El-Mufaddal, [↓ عِيدٌ signifies the same as عَادَةٌ; for he says that] عَادَنِى عِيدِى meansعَادَتِى [i. e. My habit returned to me: but see the next preceding paragraph, first sentence]: (L, TA:) the pl. of عَادَةٌ is عَادَاتٌ (S, O, Msb) and ↓ عَادٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) or rather this is a coll. gen. n., (TA,) and ↓ عِيدٌ, (L, K, TA,) mentioned by Kr, but not of valid authority, (L, TA,) [app. a mistranscription for عِيَدٌ, like حِوَجٌ, a pl. of حَاجَةٌ,] and عَوَائِدُ, (Msb, TA,) like as حَوَائِجُ is pl. of حَاجَةٌ; but, accord. to Z and others, this last is pl. of عَائِدَةٌ, not of عَادَةٌ. (TA.) عَوْدَةٌ: see عَوْدٌ, first three sentences.

عَادِىٌّ An old, or ancient, thing: (S, A, Mgh, * O, Msb, * K:) as though so called in relation to the [ancient and extinct] tribe of 'Ád (عاد). (S, A, O, Msb.) One says خَرِبٌ عَادِىٌّ Old, or ancient, ruins. (Mgh.) And بِئْرٌ عَادِيَّةٌ An old, or ancient, well: (O:) or a well strongly cased with stone or brick, and abounding with water, the origin of which is referred to [the tribe of] 'Ád. (Msb.) And بِنَآءٌ عَادِىٌّ A firm, or strong, building, the origin of which is referred to [the tribe of] 'Ád. (Msb.) And عَادِىُّ أَرْضٍ Land possessed from ancient times. (Msb.) And مُلْكٌ عَادِىٌّ Dominion of old, or ancient, origin. (Msb.) And مَجْدٌ عَادِىٌّ Old, or ancient, glory. (A.) [See also عَوْدٌ.]

عِيدِيَّةٌ an appellation given to Certain excellent she-camels; (S, O, K;) so called in relation to a stallion, (S, O, K,) well-known, (K,) that begat an excellent breed, (S, O,) named عِيدٌ: (O, K:) [so some say:] but ISd says that this is not of valid authority: (TA:) or so called in relation to El-'Eedee Ibn-En-Nadaghee Ibn-Mahrah-Ibn- Heidán: (Ibn-El-Kelbee, O, K:) or in relation to 'Ád Ibn-'Ád: or 'Ádee Ibn-'Ád: (K:) but if from either of the last two, it is anomalous: (TA:) or in relation to the Benoo-'Eed-Ibn-El- 'Ámiree: (O, K:) Az says that he knew not the origin of their name. (L.) b2: And accord. to Sh, [A female lamb;] the female of the بُرْقَان [pl. of بَرَقٌ]; the male of which is called خَرُوف until he is shorn: but this was unknown to As. (L.) عَيْدَانٌ Tall palm-trees: (As, S, O, K:) or the tallest of palm-trees: (K in art. عيد:) but not so called unless the stumps of their branches have fallen off and they have become bare trunks from top to bottom: (AHn, M, TA in art. عيد:) or i. q. رَقْلَةٌ [q. v.]: (AO, TA in art. عيد:) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with ة: (S, O, K:) which As explains as applied to a hard, old tree, having roots penetrating to the water: and he says, ومنه هيمان وعيلان: [but what these words mean, I know not:] (TA:) the word belongs to this art. and to art. عيد: (K in art. عيد:) or it may belong to the present art., or to art. عدن [q. v.]. (Az, S, O.) The Prophet had a bowl [made of the wood] of an عَيْدَانَة, (K, TA,) or, accord. to some, it is preferably written with kesr [i. e.

عِيدَانَة], (TA,) in which he voided his urine. (K, TA.) عَوَادٌ: see عُوَادَةٌ. b2: عُدْ فَإِنَّ لَكَ عِنْدَنَا عَوَادًا حَسَنًا, (S, O, K,) as also عُوَادًا and عِوَادًا, (O, K,) these two only, not the first, mentioned by Fr, (O,) means [Return thou, and thou shalt have with us] what thou wilt like: (S, O, K:) or kind treatment. (TA.) عَوَادِ, [an imperative verbal noun,] like نَزَالِ (S, O) and تَرَاكِ, (S,) means Return thou; syn. عُدْ. (S, O, K.) عُيَيْدٌ dim. of عِيدٌ, q. v. (TA.) عُوَادَةٌ: see عَوْدٌ, first and second sentences. b2: Also, (S, O, K,) and if you elide the ة you say ↓ عَوَادٌ, like لَمَاظٌ and قَضَامٌ, (Az, TA,) [in the O عَوَادَةٌ and عُوَادَةٌ with damm, (but the former is probably a mistranscription,)] Food brought again after its having been once eaten of: (S, O:) or food brought again for a particular man after a party has finished eating. (A, K.) عَوَّادٌ A player upon the عُود [or lute]: (K:) or one who makes, (يَتَّخِذُ,) the stringed عُود [or lute]; (O;) or a maker (مُتَّخِذ) of عِيدَان [or lutes]. (TA.) [Fem. with ة.]

عَائِدٌ A visiter of one who is sick: (Msb, TA:) thus it more commonly and especially means: but it also signifies any visiter of another, who comes time after time: (TA:) pl. عُوَّادٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ عَوْدٌ, (K,) or [rather] عَوْدٌ and عُوَّادٌ signify the same, like زَوْرٌ and زُوَّارٌ, (Fr, O, TA,) but عَوْدٌ is a quasi-pl. n. like as صَحْبٌ is of صَاحِبٌ: (TA:) the fem. is عَائِدَةٌ, of which the pl. is عُوَّدٌ, (Az, Msb, TA,) incorrectly said in the K to be a pl. of عَائِدٌ; and عَوَائِدُ also is a pl. of the fem. (TA.) عَائِدَةٌ fem. of عَائِدٌ [q. v.]. (Az, Msb, TA.) b2: عَائِدَةُ الكَلَامِ: see 4. b3: عَائِدَةٌ also signifies Favour, kindness, pity, compassion, or mercy: (S, O, K:) a favour, a benefit, an act of beneficence or kindness: a gratuity, or free gift: (K:) and [a return, i. e.] advantage, profit, or utility; or a cause, or means, thereof: (S, O, K:) a subst. from عَادَ بِمَعْرُوفٍ: (Msb:) pl. عَوَائِدُ. (A.) One says, فُلَانٌ ذُو صَفْحٍ وَعَائِدَةٍ Such a one is a person of forgiving disposition, and of favour, kindness, or pity. (S, A, O.) And إِنَّهُ لَكَثِيرُ العَوَائِدِ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ [Verily he is one who confers, or bestows, many favours, or benefits, upon his people]. (A.) هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ أَعْوَدُ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ كَذَا means This thing is more remunerative, advantageous, or profitable, to thee than such a thing: (S, O, K: *) or more easy, or convenient, to thee. (A, * TA.) مَعَادٌ, signifying Return, is originally مَعْوَدٌ. (IAth, TA.) See عَوْدٌ, first and third sentences. b2: Also A place to which a person, or thing, returns: a place, state, or result, to which a person, or thing, eventually comes; a place of destination, or an ultimate state or condition: syn. مَرْجِعٌ: and مَصِيرٌ. (S, A, O, K.) b3: [Hence,] المَعَادُ signifies [particularly] The ultimate state of existence, in the world to come; syn. الآخِرَةُ; (M, K, TA;) [and] so مَعَادُ الخَلْقِ: (S, O:) the place to which one comes on the day of resurrection. (TA.) And Paradise. (K.) And Mekkeh: (O, K:) the conquest of which was promised to the Prophet: (TA:) so called because the pilgrims return to it. (O.) لَرَادُّكَ إِلَى مَعَادٍ, in the Kur [xxviii. 85], is expl. as meaning will assuredly return thee, or restore thee, to Mekkeh: (O, K:) or معاد here means Paradise: (K:) or thy fixed place in Paradise: (I'Ab, TA:) or the place of thy birth: (Fr, TA:) or thy home and town: (Th, TA:) or thy usual state in which thou wast born: or thy original condition among the sons of Háshim: or, accord. to most of the expositors, the words mean will assuredly raise thee from the dead. (TA.) b4: And The pilgrimage. (K.) b5: And مَعَادٌ (Lth, TA) and ↓ مَعَادَةٌ (Lth, A, TA) A place of wailing for a dead person: (Lth, A, TA:) so called because people return to it time after time: (Lth, * A:) pl. مَعَاوِدُ. (A.) [Hence,] one says, ↓ لِآلِ فُلَانٍ مَعَادَةٌ, meaning An affliction has happened to the family of such a one, the people coming to them in the places of wailing for the dead, or in other places, and the women talking of him. (Lth, TA.) مَعُودٌ and مَعْوُودٌ, (K,) the latter anomalous, (TA,) A sick person visited. (K.) مُعِيدٌ A stallion-camel that has covered repeatedly; (S, M, O, K;) and that does not require assistance in his doing so. (Sh, O.) b2: and hence, (Sh, O,) applied to a man Acquainted with affairs, (Sh, O, K,) not inexperienced therein, (Sh, O,) possessing skill and ability to do a thing. (O, K. *) One says, فُلَانٌ مُعِيدٌ لِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ, meaning Such a one is able to do this thing: (S, O, Msb, K: *) because accustomed, or habituated, to it. (Msb.) b3: And hence, (O,) or because he returns to his prey time after time, (TA,) The lion, (O, K, TA.) b4: المُبْدِئُ المُعِيدُ applied to God: b5: and مُبْدِئٌ مُعِيدٌ applied to a man, and to a horse: see art. بدأ. b6: مُعِيدٌ also signifies A road travelled and trodden time after time. (TA.) [See also عَوْدٌ.]

مَعَادَةٌ: see مَعَادٌ, last two sentences.

مُعَاوِدٌ Persevering; (Lth, A, K;) applied to a man. (Lth, A.) b2: A courageous man; (S, O, K;) because he does not become weary of conflict. (S, O.) b3: And One skilful in his work. (A.)

البَحْرين:
هكذا يتلفظ بها في حال الرفع والنصب والجر، ولم يسمع على لفظ المرفوع من أحد منهم، إلّا أن الزمخشري قد حكى أنه بلفظ التثنية فيقولون:
هذه البحران وانتهينا الى البحرين، ولم يبلغني من جهة أخرى، وقال صاحب الزيج: البحرين في الإقليم الثاني، وطولها أربع وسبعون درجة وعشرون دقيقة من المغرب، وعرضها أربع وعشرون درجة
وخمس وأربعون دقيقة، وقال قوم: هي من الإقليم الثالث وعرضها أربع وثلاثون درجة، وهو اسم جامع لبلاد على ساحل بحر الهند بين البصرة وعمان، قيل هي قصبة هجر، وقيل: هجر قصبة البحرين وقد عدّها قوم من اليمن وجعلها آخرون قصبة برأسها.
وفيها عيون ومياه وبلاد واسعة، وربما عدّ بعضهم اليمامة من أعمالها والصحيح أن اليمامة عمل برأسه في وسط الطريق بين مكة والبحرين.
روى ابن عباس: البحرين من أعمال العراق وحدّه من عمان ناحية جرّفار، واليمامة على جبالها وربما ضمّت اليمامة الى المدينة وربما أفردت، هذا كان في أيام بني أميّة، فلما ولي بنو العباس صيّروا عمان والبحرين واليمامة عملا واحدا، قاله ابن الفقيه، وقال أبو عبيدة: بين البحرين واليمامة مسيرة عشرة أيام وبين هجر مدينة البحرين والبصرة مسيرة خمسة عشر يوما على الإبل، وبينها وبين عمان مسيرة شهر، قال: والبحرين هي الخطّ والقطيف والآرة وهجر وبينونة والزارة وجواثا والسابور ودارين والغابة، قال: وقصبة هجر الصّفا والمشقّر، وقال أبو بكر محمد بن القاسم: في اشتقاق البحرين وجهان:
يجوز أن يكون مأخوذا من قول العرب بحرت الناقة إذا شقّقت أذنها، والبحيرة: المشقوقة الأذن من قول الله تعالى: ما جَعَلَ الله من بَحِيرَةٍ وَلا سائِبَةٍ وَلا وَصِيلَةٍ وَلا حامٍ 5: 103، والسائبة معناها: ان الرجل في الجاهلية كان يسيب من ماله فيذهب به الى سدنة الآلهة، ويقال: السائبة الناقة التي كانت إذا ولدت عشرة أبطن كلهن إناث سيبت فلم تركب ولم يجزّ لها وبر وبحرت أذن ابنتها أي خرقت. والبحيرة:
هي ابنة السائبة، وهي تجري عندهم مجرى أمّها في التحريم، قال: ويجوز ان يكون البحرين من قول العرب: قد بحر البعير بحرا إذا أولع بالماء فأصابه منه داء، ويقال: قد أبحرت الروضة إبحارا إذا كثر إنقاع الماء فيها فأنبت النبات، ويقال للروضة:
البحرة، ويقال للدم الذي ليست فيه صفرة: دم باحريّ وبحرانيّ، قلت: هذا كله تعسف لا يشبه ان يكون اشتقاقا للبحرين، والصحيح عندنا ما ذكره أبو منصور الأزهري، قال: انما سمّوا البحرين لأن في ناحية قراها بحيرة على باب الأحساء، وقرى هجر بينها وبين البحر الأخضر عشرة فراسخ، قال:
وقدرت هذه البحيرة ثلاثة أميال في مثلها، ولا يفيض ماؤها، وماؤها راكد زعاق، وقال أبو محمد اليزيدي: سألني المهدي وسأل الكسائي عن النسبة الى البحرين والى حصنين لم قالوا حصنيّ وبحرانيّ؟
فقال الكسائي: كرهوا أن يقولوا حصنانيّ لاجتماع النونين، وانما قلت: كرهوا أن يقولوا بحريّ فتشبه النسبة الى البحر، وفي قصتها طول ذكرتها في أخبار اليزيدي من كتابي في أخبار الأدباء، وينسب الى البحرين قوم من أهل العلم، منهم محمد بن معمّر البحراني بصريّ ثقة حدّث عنه البخاري، والعباس ابن يزيد بن أبي حبيب البحراني، يعرف بعبّاسوية، حدث عن خالد بن الحارث وابن عيينة ويزيد بن زريع وغيرهم، روى عنه الباغندي وابن صاعد وابن مخلد، وهو من الثقات، مات سنة 258، وزكرياء بن عطية البحراني وغيرهم. واما فتحها فإنها كانت في مملكة الفرس وكان بها خلق كثير من عبد القيس وبكر بن وائل وتميم مقيمين في باديتها، وكان بها من قبل الفرس المنذر بن ساوي بن عبد الله ابن زيد بن عبد الله بن دارم بن مالك بن حنظلة بن مالك بن زيد مناة بن تميم، وعبد الله بن زيد هذا هو الأسبذي، نسب الى قرية بهجر، وقد ذكر في موضعه. فلما كانت سنة ثمان للهجرة وجه رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، العلاء بن عبد الله بن عماد الحضرمي حليف بني عبد شمس الى البحرين ليدعو أهلها الى الإسلام أو الى الجزية، وكتب معه الى المنذر بن ساوي والى سيبخت مرزبان هجر يدعوهما الى الإسلام أو الى الجزية، فأسلما وأسلم معهما جميع العرب هناك وبعض العجم. فأما أهل الأرض من المجوس واليهود والنصارى فإنهم صالحوا العلاء وكتب بينهم وبينه كتابا نسخته: بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم- هذا ما صالح عليه العلاء بن الحضرمي أهل البحرين، صالحهم على أن يكفونا العمل ويقاسمونا الثمر، فمن لا يفي بهذا فعليه لعنة الله والملائكة والناس أجمعين. وأما جزية الرؤوس فانه أخذ لها من كل حالم دينارا. وقد قيل: إن رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، وجّه العلاء حين وجّه رسله الى الملوك في سنة ستّ. وروي عن العلاء أنه قال: بعثني رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، الى البحرين، أو قال: هجر، وكنت آتي الحائط بين الأخوّة، قد أسلم بعضهم، فآخذ من المسلم العشر ومن المشرك الخراج. وقال قتادة: لم يكن بالبحرين قتال، ولكن بعضهم أسلم وبعضهم صالح العلاء على أنصاف الحب والتمر. وقال سعيد بن المسيب: أخذ رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، الجزية من مجوس هجر، وأخذها عمر من مجوس فارس، وأخذها عثمان من بربر. وبعث العلاء بن الحضرمي الى رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، مالا من البحرين يكون ثمانين ألفا، ما أتاه أكثر منه قبله ولا بعده، أعطى منه العباس عمه. قالوا: وعزل رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، العلاء وولّى البحرين أبان بن سعيد ابن العاصي بن أمية، وقيل إن العلاء كان على ناحية من البحرين منها القطيف، وأبان على ناحية فيها الخط، والأول أثبت، فلما توفي رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، أخرج أبان من البحرين فأتى المدينة، فسأل أهل البحرين أبا بكر أن يردّ العلاء عليهم ففعل، فيقال: إن العلاء لم يزل واليا عليهم حتى توفي سنة 20، فولّى عمر مكانه أبا هريرة الدوسي، ويقال:
ان عمر ولّى أبا هريرة قبل موت العلاء فأتى العلاء توّج من أرض فارس وعزم على المقام بها ثم رجع الى البحرين فأقام هناك حتى مات، فكان أبو هريرة يقول: دفنّا العلاء ثم احتجنا الى رفع لبنة فرفعناها فلم نجد العلاء في اللحد. وقال أبو مخنف: كتب عمر بن الخطاب الى العلاء بن الحضرمي يستقدمه وولى عثمان بن أبي العاصي البحرين مكانه وعمان، فلما قدم العلاء المدينة ولّاه البصرة مكان عتبة بن غزوان فلم يصل إليها حتى مات، ودفن في طريق البصرة في سنة 14 أو في أول سنة 15، ثم ان عمر ولى قدامة ابن مظعون الجمحي جباية البحرين وولى أبا هريرة الصلاة والاحداث، ثم عزل قدامة وحدّه على شرب الخمر، وولى أبا هريرة الجباية مع الاحداث، ثم عزله وقاسمه ماله، ثم ولى عثمان بن أبي العاصي عمان والبحرين فمات عمر وهو واليهما، وسار عثمان الى فارس ففتحها وكان خليفته على عمان والبحرين وهو بفارس أخاه مغيرة بن أبي العاصي. وروى محمد بن سيرين عن أبي هريرة قال: استعملني عمر بن الخطاب على البحرين فاجتمعت لي اثنا عشر ألفا، فلما قدمت على عمر قال لي: يا عدو الله والمسلمين، أو قال: عدو كتابه، سرقت مال الله، قال قلت: لست بعدو الله ولا المسلمين، أو قال: عدو كتابه، ولكني عدوّ من عاداهما، قال: فمن أين اجتمعت لك هذه الأموال؟ قلت:
خيل لي تناتجت وسهام اجتمعت، قال: فأخذ منى
اثني عشر ألفا، فلما صلّيت الغداة قلت: اللهم اغفر لعمر، قال: وكان يأخذ منهم ويعطيهم أفضل من ذلك، حتى إذا كان بعد ذلك قال: ألا تعمل يا أبا هريرة؟ قلت: لا، قال: ولم وقد عمل من هو خير منك يوسف؟ قال اجعلني على خزائن الأرض اني حفيظ عليم، قلت: يوسف نبي ابن نبي وأنا أبو هريرة ابن أمية وأخاف منكم ثلاثا واثنتين، فقال: هلا قلت خمسا؟ قلت: أخشى أن تضربوا ظهري وتشتموا عرضي وتأخذوا مالي، وأكره أن أقول بغير علم وأحكم بغير حلم. ومات المنذر بن ساوي بعد وفاة النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، بقليل وارتد من بالبحرين من ولد قيس بن ثعلبة بن عكابة مع الحطم وهو شريح بن ضبيعة بن عمرو بن مرثد أحد بني قيس بن ثعلبة، وارتدّ كلّ من بالبحرين من ربيعة خلا الجارود بن بشر العبدي ومن تابعه من قومه، وأمّروا عليهم ابنا للنعمان بن المنذر يقال له المنذر، فسار الحطم حتى لحق بربيعة فانضمت اليه ربيعة فخرج العلاء عليهم بمن انضمّ اليه من العرب والعجم، فقاتلهم قتالا شديدا، ثم ان المسلمين لجؤوا الى حصن جواثا، فحاصرهم فيه عدوهم، ففي ذلك يقول عبد الله ابن حذف الكلابي:
ألا أبلغ أبا بكر ألوكا، ... وفتيان المدينة أجمعينا
فهل لك في شباب منك أمسوا ... أسارى في جواث محاصرينا
ثم ان العلاء عني بالحطم ومن معه وصابره وهما متناصفان، فسمع في ليلة في عسكر الحطم ضوضاء، فأرسل اليه من يأتيه بالخبر، فرجع الرسول فأخبره أن القوم قد شربوا وثملوا، فخرج بالمسلمين فبيّت ربيعة فقاتلوا قتالا شديدا فقتل الحطم. قالوا: وكان المنذر بن النعمان يسمى الغرور، فلما ظهر المسلمون قال: لست بالغرور ولكني المغرور، ولحق هو وفلّ ربيعة بالخط فأتاها العلاء وفتحها، وقتل المنذر معه، وقيل: بل قتل المنذر يوم جواثا، وقيل:
بل استأمن ثم هرب فلحق فقتل، وكان العلاء كتب الى أبي بكر يستمده فكتب أبو بكر الى خالد بن الوليد وهو باليمامة يأمره بالنهوض اليه، فقدم عليه وقد قتل الحطم، ثم أتاه كتاب أبي بكر بالشخوص الى العراق فشخص من البحرين، وذلك في سنة 12، فقالوا: وتحصن المكعبر الفارسي صاحب كسرى الذي وجهه لقتل بني تميم حين عرضوا لعيره بالزارة، وانضمّ اليه مجوس كانوا تجمّعوا بالقطيف وامتنعوا من أداء الجزية، فأقام العلاء على الزارة فلم يفتحها في خلافة أبي بكر وفتحها في خلافة عمر، وقتل المكعبر، وانما سمي المكعبر لأنه كان يكعبر الايدي، فلما قتل قيل ما زال يكعبر حتى كعبر، فسمي المكعبر، بفتح الباء، وكان الذي قتله البراء بن مالك الأنصاري أخو أنس بن مالك. وفتح العلاء السابور ودارين في خلافة عمر عنوة.

عق

1 عَقَّ, (Msb, K, TA,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. عَقٌّ, (Mgh, O, Msb, TA,) He clave, split, slit, ripped, or rent; (Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA;) and he cut. (Mgh, O, TA.) You say, عَقَّ ثَوْبَهُ He slit, ripped, or rent, his garment. (Msb.) and عُقَّتْ تَمِيمَتُهُ فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ [His amulet was cut off among the sons of such a one]; said of a boy when he has attained to the prime of manhood, and become strong, with a tribe; originating from the fact that as long as the boy was an infant, his mother hung upon him amulets to preserve him from the evil eye; and when he became full-grown, they were cut off from him: whence the saying of a poet, بِلَادٌ بِهَا عَقَّ الشَّبَابُ تَمِيمَتِى

وَأَوَّلُ أَرْضٍ مَسَّ جِلْدِى تُرَابُهَا [A country in which the attaining to the prime of manhood cut off my amulet, and the first land of which the dust touched my skin]. (TA.) b2: and [hence,] عَقَّتِ الرِّيحُ المُزْنَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, The wind drew forth a shower of fine rain from the مزن [or clouds containing water]; as though it rent them. (TA.) And عُقَّتِ السَّحَابَةُ The cloud poured forth its water; [as though it were rent;] and ↓ اِنْعَقَّت [means the same]; (TA;) and ↓ اعتقّت [likewise]. (O.) b3: and عَقَّ عَنْ وَلَدِهِ, (S, Msb,) or عَنِ المَوْلُودِ, (K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb, TA) and عَقِّ, (TA,) inf. n. عَقٌّ, (S, Msb,) He slaughtered as a sacrifice (S, Msb, K, TA) for his child, (S, Msb,) or for the new-born child, (K,) a sheep or goat, (T, Msb, TA,) [generally the latter,] on the seventh day after the birth. (T, S, Msb, TA.) And He shaved the [hair termed] عَقِيقَة [q. v.] (S, TA) of his child, (S,) or of the new-born child. (TA.) b4: And عَقَّ بِالسَّهْمِ He shot the arrow towards the sky; and that arrow was called عَقِيقَةٌ; (S, O, K;) and it was the arrow of self-excuse: they used to do thus in the Time of Ignorance [on the occasion of a demand for blood-revenge]; and if the arrow returned smeared with blood, they were not content save with the retaliation of slaughter; but if it returned clean, they stroked their beards, and made reconciliation on the condition of the bloodwit; the stroking of the beards being a sign of reconciliation: the arrow, however, as IAar says, did not [ever] return otherwise than clean: (S, O:) the origin was this: a man of the tribe was slain, and the slayer was prosecuted for his blood; whereupon a company of the chief men [of the family of the slayer] collected themselves together to the heirs [who claimed satisfaction for the blood] of the slain, and offered the bloodwit, asking forgiveness for the blood; and if the heir [who claimed satisfaction and who acted for himself and his coheirs] was a strong man, impatient of injury, he refused to take the bloodwit; but if weak, he consulted the people of his tribe, and then said to the petitioners, “We have, between us and our Creator, a sign denoting command and prohibition: we take an arrow, and set it on a bow, and shoot it towards the sky; and if it return to us smeared with blood, we are forbidden to take the bloodwit, and are not content save with the retaliation of slaughter; but if it return clean, as it went up, we are commanded to take the bloodwit: ” so they made reconciliation; for this arrow never returned otherwise than clean; and thus they had an excuse in the opinion of the ignorant of them. (L, TA.) A poet (S, O, TA) of the family of the slain, said by some to be of Hudheyl, by IB to be El-As'ar El-Joafee, who was absent from this reconciliation, (TA,) says, عَقُّوا بِسَهْمٍ ثُمَّ قَالُوا صَالِحُوا يَا لَيْتَنِى فِى القَوْمِ إِذْ مَسَحُوا الِلُّحَى

[They shot an arrow towards the sky; them they said, “Make ye reconciliation: ” would that I were among the party when they stroked the beards]: (S, O, TA:) or, as some relate it, the first word is عَقَّوْا, with fet-h to the ق; which belongs to the class of unsound verbs [i. e. to art. عقى]. (S, O.) b5: One says also, عَقَّ وَالِدَهُ, (S, O, K,) or أَبَاهُ, (Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. عُقُوقٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and مَعَقَّةٌ (S, O, K) and عَقٌّ, (TA,) He was undutiful, disobedient, refractory, or ill-mannered, to his parent, or father; contr. of بَرَّهُ; (K;) he broke his compact of obedience to his parent, or father; (TA;) he disobeyed his father; and failed, or neglected, to behave to him in a good, or comely, manner. (Msb.) And عَقَّ الرَّحِمَ, (TA, and Ham p. 93,) like قَطَعَهَا [i. e. He severed the tie, or ties, of relationship, by unkind behaviour to his kindred]. (Ham ib.) and عَقَّ [alone], aor. ـُ inf. n. عُقُوقٌ, [He was undutiful, &c.; or he acted undutifully, &c.; or] he contravened, or opposed, him whom he was under an obligation to obey. (Har p. 158.) عُقُوقُ الوَالِدَيْنِ [Undutiful treatment, &c., of the two parents] is said in a trad. to be one of the great sins. (O.) And it is said in a prov., العُقُوقُ

أَحَدُ الثُّكْلَيْنِ [Undutiful treatment of a parent is one of the two sorts of being bereft of a child]: or, as some relate it, العُقُوقُ ثُكْلُ مَنْ لَمْ يَثْكَلْ [Undutiful treatment of a parent is (like) the bereavement of him who is not (really) bereft of his child]: i. e. he whom his children have treated undutifully (مِنْ عَقَّهُ وَلَدُهُ) is as though he were bereft of his children although they are living. (O.) [See also 3: and 4.] b6: Hence, from عُقُوقُ الوَالِدَيْنِ, the verb is metaphorically used in the saying, in a trad., مَثَلُكُمْ وَمَثَلُ عَائِشَةَ مَثَلُ العَيْنِ فِى الرَّأْسِ تُؤْذِى صَاحِبَهَا وَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَعُقَّهَا إِلَّا بِالَّذِى هُوَ خَيْرٌ لَهَا (tropical:) [The similitude of you and of 'Áïsheh is that of the eye in the head, when it hurts its owner, and he cannot treat it severely save with that which is good for it: app. meaning that her severity was for the good of the objects thereof]. (TA.) A2: عَقَّ, intrans., said of lightning: see 7.

A3: عَقَّتْ said of a mare, and of an ass: see 4.

A4: عَقَّتِ الدَّلْوُ, inf. n. عَقُّ, means The bucket came up full from the well; and some of the Arabs say عَقَّت as having تَعْقِيَةٌ for its inf. n.; but it is [said to be] originally ↓ عَقَّقَت, the third ق being changed into ى, [which is then in this case suppressed,] like as they said تَظَنَّيْتُ from الظَّنُّ: [it is, however, mentioned in the TA in art. عقو also, and there expl. as meaning it rose in the well turning round: and from what here follows, it appears to mean it rose swiftly, cleaving the air:] a poet, cited by IAar, says, of a bucket, عَقَّتْ كَمَا عَقَّتْ دَلُوفُ العِقْبَانٌ meaning It clave [the air of] the well, rising swiftly, like the hastening of the swift eagle in its flight towards the prey. (TA in the present art.) 2 عَقَّّ see above, last sentence.3 عَاقَقْتُ فُلَانًا, aor. ـَ inf. n. عِقَاقٌ, I contravened, or opposed, such a one. (TA.) [See also عَقَّ وَالِدَهُ, in the latter half of the first paragraph.]4 اعقّ فُلَانٌ i. q. جَآءَ بِالعُقُوقِ [i. e. Such a one did that which was an act of undutifulness, disobedience, refractoriness, or ill manners, to his father or the like]. (S, TA.) [See also عَقَّ وَالِدَهُ, in the latter half of the first paragraph.] b2: and you say, مَا أَعَقَّهُ لِوَالِدِهِ [How undutiful, disobedient, refractory, or ill-mannered, is he to his father!]. (TA.) A2: اعقّت She (a mare, S, O, K, and an ass, TA) conceived, or became pregnant; (S, O, K;) or she did not conceive, or become pregnant, after having been covered by the stallion, or during a year or two years or some years; (K;) and ↓ عَقَّتْ, aor. ـِ (O, K, TA,) the verb being of the class of ضَرَبَ, (TA,) inf. n. عَقَاقٌ and عَقَقٌ (O, K, TA) and عُقُوقٌ, (CK, but not in other copies,) signifies the same, (O, * K, TA,) said of a mare, (O, K,) and of an ass; (O;) or عَقَاقٌ signifies pregnancy itself, as also عِقَاقٌ, (K,) and عَقَقٌ; (S, O;) or عَقَّتْ signifies she became pregnant; and اعقّت, the [hair called] عَقِيقَة grew in her belly upon the young one that she bore. (TA.) b2: Also It (a palm-tree, and a grape-vine) put forth what are termed عِقَّان [q. v.]. (S, O, K.) A3: اعقّهُ He made it bitter; (S, O, K;) namely, water; said of God; like اقعّهُ. (S, O.) and اعقّت الأَرْضُ المَآءَ The earth made the water bitter. (TA.) 7 انعقّ It became cloven, split, slit, ripped, or rent; or it clave, split, &c.; said of anything; (S, O, K, TA;) mentioned by Th as said of a garment. (TA.) b2: انعقّت السَّحَابَهُ The cloud became rent with the water. (S, O, K.) See also 1, first quarter. [And see 8.] b3: انعقّ البَرْقُ and ↓ عَقَّ [of which latter the aor. is probably يَعَقُّ, and the inf. n. عَقَقٌ, said in the K to mean اِنْشِقَاقٌ,] signify تَشَقَّقَ and اِنْشَقَّ [as though meaning The lightning became cloven]; (TA;) [but] the former is expl. as signifying the lightning was, or became, in a state of commotion (تَضَرَّبَ) in the clouds. (S, O.) [Another meaning is suggested by an explanation of عَقِيقَةٌ (q. v.) in relation to lightning.] b4: انعقّ الغُبَارُ i. q. سَطَعَ [app. as meaning The dust spread, or diffused itself]: (IF, O, K:) or اِنْشَقَّ وَسَطَعَ [became cleft, and diffused itself]. (TA.) b5: انعقّ الوَادِى The valley was, or became, deep. (TA.) A2: انعقّت العُقْدَةُ The knot became strongly, or firmly, tied. (O, * K, * TA.) 8 اعتقّ السَّحَابُ The clouds became rent, (K, TA,) and their water poured forth. (TA.) See also 1, first quarter. [And see 7.]

A2: اعتقّ السَّيْفَ He drew the sword (O, K) from its scabbard. (O.) A3: And اعتقّ [probably from عَقَّ بِالسَّهْمِ, q. v.,] He exceeded the due bounds, or was immoderate, in excusing himself. (TA.) R. Q. 1 عَقْعَقَ بِصَوْتِهِ, (O, TA,) inf. n. عَقْعَقَةٌ, (S, O,) said of the عَقْعَق [or magpie], It uttered a [kind of chattering] cry, (S, * O, TA,) resembling the sound of ع and ق [or the repeated sound of عَقْ]; (O, TA;) whence its name: and said of a bird [that utters a cry of this kind] when it comes and goes. (TA.) b2: And عَقْعَقَةٌ signifies also The shaking, or being in a state of commotion, [so as to produce a kind of crackling, or rustling, sound,] of paper, and of a new garment; like قَعْقَعَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) عَقٌّ Any cleft, or furrow, and any hole, in sand &c. (S, TA.) See also عَقَّةٌ.

A2: Also i. q. عَاقٌّ, q. v. (O, K.) A3: مَآءٌ عَقٌّ: see عُقٌّ.

مَآءٌ عُقٌّ, with damm, (K, TA,) or ↓ عَقٌّ, (thus written in my copies of the S and in the O,) and ↓ عُقَاقٌ, (O, K, TA,) Bitter water: (S, O, K:) or intensely bitter water: used alike as sing. and pl.: (TA:) like قُعٌّ, (TA,) or قَعٌّ, (S, O,) and قُعَاعٌ. (O, TA.) عِقٌّ: see what next follows.

عَقَّةٌ A deep excavation, hollow, cavity, trench, or the like, in the ground; (K, TA;) as also ↓ عِقٌّ, accord. to the K, there said to be with kesr, but correctly ↓ عَقٌّ, with fet-h, [q. v.,] which signifies an elongated excavation in the ground, and is originally an inf. n.; thus in the L. (TA.) b2: And A blaze of lightning extending in an elongated form in the sky, (IDrd, O, K,) or in the side of the clouds, (A, TA,) and said to be as though it were a drawn sword. (TA.) [See also عَقِيقَةٌ.]

عُقَّةٌ A certain thing with which boys play. (L, K, TA.) عِقَّةٌ: see عَقِيقَةٌ, in the former half.

عَقَقٌ: see عَقَاقٌ. b2: It is said in the K to be syn. with عَاقٌّ; but in this sense the correct word is عُقَقٌ. (TA.) عُقَقٌ: see عُقِيقَةٌ, latter half: A2: and see also عَاقٌّ, in two places.

عُقُقٌ, as a sing. and as a pl.: see عَاقٌّ.

عَقَاقٌ is an inf. n. of عَقَّتْ said of a mare (O, K) and of an ass: (O:) or it signifies Pregnancy (AA, S, K) itself; (K;) as also ↓ عِقَاقٌ, (K,) and ↓ عَقَقٌ [which is likewise said to be an inf. n. of عَقَّتْ]. (S.) You say, أَظْهَرَتِ الأَتَانُ عَقَاقًا The she-ass manifested pregnancy. (AA, S, O.) b2: And, accord. to Esh-Shafi'ee, An embryo; or a fœtus. (TA.) A2: عَقَاقِ, like قَطَامِ, [indecl.,] is a [proper] name for العُقُوقُ [Undutifulness, disobedience, refractoriness, or ill manners, to a parent, or the like]: (K, TA:) mentioned by IB, and in the O. (TA.) عُقَاقٌ, applied to water: see عُقٌّ.

عِقَاقٌ: see عَقَاقٌ.

عَقُوقٌ, applied to a mare, (S, O, K, TA,) and to an ass, (TA,) Pregnant: (S, O, K:) or not pregnant after having been covered by the stallion, or during a year or two years or some years; (K;) or it signifies thus also; (O;) having two contr. meanings; (K;) or it is applied to one in the latter state as implying a presage of good; (O, K;) so says AHát; (O, TA;) i. e., as though they meant that she would become pregnant: (TA:) it is extr.; [as being from أَعَقَّتْ;] and one should not say ↓ مُعِقٌّ; or this is a bad dial. var.; (S, O, K;) or, accord. to AA, it is from اعقّت, and عَقُوقٌ is from عَقَّتْ: (TA:) the pl. is عُقُقٌ, and عِقَاقٌ is a pl. pl., (S, O, K,) i. e. pl. of عُقُقٌ. (S, O.) It is said in a prov., طَلَبَ الأَبْلَقَ العَقُوقَ, meaning He sought an impossible thing; because ابلق is applied to a male, and عقوق means pregnant: (S, O, and K in art. بلق) or الابلق العقوق means the dawn, because it breaks, lit, cleaves. (O, and K in art. بلق.) b2: نَوَى

العَقُوقِ means Date-stones that are easily broken, (Lth, S, O, K,) soft to be chewed; (Lth, O, K;) which are given as provender to camels, (S,) or to the pregnant thereof, in consideration of her state, wherefore they are thus called; and which are eaten, or chewed, by the old woman; but this is of the speech of the people of El Basrah, and not known by the Arabs in their desert: (Lth, O:) and sometimes they called a single date-stone of this sort ↓ عَقِيقَةٌ. (S.) A2: See also عَاقٌّ.

عَقِيقٌ Cleft, split, slit, ripped, or rent; and cut; as also ↓ مَعْقُوقٌ. (TA.) b2: And [hence] Any channel which the water of a torrent has cloven (S, O, Msb, * K) of old (Msb) and made wide: (S, O:) and a valley: (O, K:) pl. أَعِقَّةٌ (S, O, Msb, K, TA) and عَقَائِقُ. (TA.) And عَقَائِقُ signifies also Pools of water in cleft furrows: (AHn, TA:) and some say, red sands. (TA.) b3: See also عَقِيقَةٌ, in two places.

A2: Also [Carnelian;] a species of فُصُوص [or stones that are set in rings]; (S;) a sort of stone, (Msb,) or red خَرَز [meaning precious stones], (O, K,) of which فُصُوص are made; (O, Msb;) existing in ElYemen, (K, TA,) near to Esh-Shihr, said by Et-Teefáshee to be brought from mines thereof at San'à, (TA,) and on the shores of the Sea of Roomeeyeh; one kind thereof is of a turbid appearance, like water running from salted flesh-meat, and having in it faint white lines, (K, TA,) and this, Et-Teefáshee says, is what is known by the appellation الرطبى [so in my original]; the best kind is the red; then, the yellow; then, the white; and the other kinds are bad: or, as some say, the streaked (المُشَطَّب) is the best: (TA:) [I omit some absurd assertions in the K and TA respecting various virtues supposed to be possessed by this stone:] the n. un. is with ة: and the pl. is عَقَائِقُ. (O, K.) [العَقِيقُ اليَمَانِىُّ is an appel-lation applied by some to The agate.]

عَقِيقَةٌ [a subst. from عَقِيقٌ, made so by the affix ة. Hence, because cleft, or furrowed, in the earth,] A river, or rivulet. (IAar, O, K.) b2: And A fillet, or bandage, (عِصَابَةٌ,) at the time of its being rent from a garment, or piece of cloth. (IAar, O, K.) b3: And The prepuce of a boy (AO, IAar, O, K) when he is circumcised. (TA.) b4: And [app. because made of cut pieces of skin,] A [leathern water-bag such as is commonly called]

مَزَادَة. (IAar, O, K.) b5: Also The wool of a جَذَع [or sheep in or before its second year]: (S, O, K, TA:) that of a ثَنِىّ [or sheep in its third year] is called جَنِيبَةٌ: (TA:) and the hair of a young one recently born, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) that comes forth upon his head in his mother's belly, (TA,) of human beings, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) because it is cut off on his seventh day, (Mgh,) and of others, (Msb,) [i. e.] of beasts likewise; (S, O, K, TA;) as also ↓ عَقِيقٌ and ↓ عِقَّةٌ; (S, O, Msb, K;) but A 'Obeyd says that he had not heard this last except in relation to human beings and asses: (S, O, K: *) its pl. (i. e. the pl. of عِقَّةٌ) is عِقَقٌ: (O, K:) [the pl. of عَقِيقَةٌ and عَقِيقٌ is عَقَائِقُ: a law of the Sunneh requires that the عَقِيقَة of an infant should be weighed, and its weight in silver be given to the poor: (and Herodotus, in ii. 65, mentions a similar custom as obtaining among the Ancient Egyptians:)] when the hair has once fallen from the young [by its being cut], the term عَقِيقَةٌ ceases to be applied to it: so says Lth: (O, TA:) but it occurs in a trad. applied to hair as being likened to the hair of a recently-born infant. (TA.) b6: Hence, (S, O,) it is applied also to The sheep, or goat, [generally the latter,] that is slaughtered (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) as a sacrifice for the recentlyborn infant (S, Mgh, Msb) on the occasion of the shaving of the infant's hair (O, K) on the seventh day after his birth, (S, Msb,) and of which the limbs are divided, and cooked with water and salt, and given as food to the poor: (Lth, TA:) Z holds it to be thus called from the same word as applied to the hair: but it is said [by some] to be so called because it is slaughtered by cutting the windpipe and gullet and the two external jugular veins: (TA:) the Prophet disallowed this appellation, (Mgh, Msb,) as being of evil omen, (Mgh,) or as though he saw them to regard it as of evil omen, (Msb,) and desired them to use نَسِيكَةٌ in its stead; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) saying I like not العُقُوق. (TA.) b7: عَقِيقَةُ البَرْقِ signifies What remains [for an instant] in the clouds, of the rays, or beams, of lightning; (Lth, O, K;) as also ↓ العُقَقُ; (K;) which, as well as العَقِيقَةُ, is also expl. as meaning lightning which one sees in the midst of the clouds, resembling a drawn sword: (TA:) or عَقِيقَةُ البَرْقِ signifies lightning in a state of commotion in the clouds: (S, O:) or lightning extending in an elongated form in the side, or breadth, of the clouds: (TA:) or lightning that cleaves the clouds, and extends high, into the midst of the sky, without going to the right and left: (S in art. خفو:) or, as expl. by Aboo-Sa'eed, a flash of lightning that has spread in the horizon: (O, voce شَقِيقَةٌ:) a sword is likened thereto: (S, O, K:) and [the pl.] عَقَائِقُ is a name for swords: (O, K:) ↓ عَقِيقٌ, also, signifies lightning. (TA.) b8: And عَقِيقَةٌ signifies also An arrow shot towards the sky; (S, O, K;) the arrow of self-excuse; which was used in the manner described in the explanation of the phrase عَقَّ بِالسَّهْمِ [q. v.]. (S, O.) b9: See also عَقُوقٌ, last signification.

سَحَابَةٌ عَقَّاقَةٌ A cloud pouring forth its water: (TA:) or a cloud much rent by water. (T, TA voce هَيْدَبٌ.) عِقَّانٌ Shoots that come forth from the أُصُول [meaning trunks, or stems,] of palm-trees and of grape-vines; (S, O, K;) and which, if not cut off, cause the اصول to become vitiated, or unsound. (S, O.) [See also صُنْبُورٌ: and see عَوَاقٌّ, below.]

عَقْعَقٌ [The magpie, corvus pica; so called in the present day;] a certain bird, (S, O, Msb, K,) well known, (S, O,) of the size of the pigeon, (Msb,) party-coloured, black and white, (O, Msb, K,) having a long tail, (O, Msb,) said by Is-hák El-Mowsilee to be the same that is called شَجَجَى, (Th, IB, TA,) a species of crow, (IAth, Msb, TA,) wherefore it is said in a trad. that the man in the state of إِحْرَام may kill it; (IAth, TA;) its cry resembles the sound of ع and ق [or the repeated sound of عَقْ]; (O, K;) and the Arabs regard it as an evil omen. (Msb.) [See also صُرَدٌ.]

عَاقٌّ Undutiful, disobedient, refractory, or illmannered, to his parent, or father; (S, * O, * K;) breaking, or one who breaks, his compact of obedience to his parent, or father; (TA;) disobeying, or disobedient to, his father; and failing, or neglecting, to behave to him in a good, or comely, manner; (Msb;) [and severing, or one who severs, the tie, or ties, of relationship, by unkind behaviour to his kindred; (see its verb;)] and ↓ عَقٌّ signifies the same; (O, K;) as also ↓ عُقَقٌ, (S, O, TA,) but in an intensive sense, altered from عَاقٌّ, like غُدَر and فُسَق from غَادِر and فَاسِق, in the K erroneously said to be عَقَقٌ; (TA;) and ↓ عُقُقٌ; (L, and TA as from the K, but not in my MS. copy of the K nor in the CK;) which last signifies also [as a pl.] men severing, or who sever, the ties of relationship, by unkind behaviour to their kindred; and also remote, or distant, enemies: (TA:) [and ↓ عَقُوقٌ is app. used (as Freytag asserts it to be) in the sense of عَاقٌّ in the Fákihet el-Khulatà, p. 55, 1. 7 from the bottom:] the pl. of عَاقٌّ is عَقَقَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) like كَفَرَةٌ, (S,) and عُقَّقٌ, like رُكَّعٌ, a form used by Ru-beh, (O,) and أَعِقَّةٌ, which is an extr. [meaning anomalous] pl. (Ham p. 93.) ↓ ذُقٌ عُقَقُ, (S, O,) in a trad., (S,) said by Aboo-Sufyán to Hamzeh on the day of Ohod, when he passed by him slain, (S, * O,) means ذُقٌ جَزَآءَ فِعْلِكَ [Taste thou the recompense of thy deed], (S,) or ذُقِ القَتْلَ [taste thou slaughter], (O,) يَا عَاقُّ [O undutiful, &c.; or, accord. to the explanation in the TA mentioned above, عُقَقُ, for يَا عُقَقُ, means O very undutiful, &c.]. (S, O.) عَوَاقُّ النَّخْلِ The shoots, or offsets, of the palmtrees, that grow forth therewith. (O, K.) [See also عِقَّانٌ.]

أَعَقُّ مِنْ ضَبٍّ [More undutiful, &c., to kindred, than a lizard of the species called ضبّ] is a prov. [mentioned, but not expl., in the O]: IAar says, the female [of the ضبّ] is meant; and its عُقُوق consists in its eating its young ones. (TA.) [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 152-3. And see an ex. of أَعَقُّ in a verse cited in art. زهد, conj. 2.]

مُعِقٌّ: see عَقُوقٌ.

مَعْقُوقٌ: see عَقِيقٌ, first sentence.