شعب
1 شَعَبَ, (
S,
Msb,)
aor. ـَ (
Msb,)
inf. n. شَعْبٌ, (
A,
Msb,
K,) He collected; brought, gathered, or drew, together; or united; (
S,
A,
Msb,
K;) a thing, (
S,) any thing or things, and a people or party: (
Msb:) and he separated; put apart, or asunder; divided; disunited; or dispersed or scattered; (
S,
A,
Msb,
K;) a thing, (
S,) any thing or things, and a people or party: (
Msb:) thus having two
contr. significations: (
S:) so expressly state
A'Obeyd and Aboo-Ziyád: (
TA:) but
accord. to
IDrd, it has not two
contr. significations [in one and the same
dial.]: he says that the two meanings are peculiar to the dials. of two peoples, (
Msb,
TA, *) each meaning belonging to the
dial. of one people exclusively. (
TA.) [Hence, as it seems to be indicated in the
S and
A, or from شَعْبٌ meaning “ a tribe,” as it seems to be indicated in the
Ham p. 538,] one says, تَفَرَّقَ شَعْبُهُمْ, (
S,) or شَتَّ شَعْبُهُمْ, (
A,
Ham,) (
tropical:) [Their union became dissolved, or broken up; or their tribe became separated;] meaning they became separated after being congregated: (
S,
Ham:) and اِلْتَأَمَ شَعْبُهُمْ (
S,
A,
Ham) (
tropical:) [Their separation became closed up, or their tribe drew together;] meaning they drew together after being separated. (
S,
Ham.) And شَعَبَتْهُمُ المَنِيَّةُ Death separated them: (
S:) and شَعَبَتْهُ شَعُوبُ [Death separated him from his companions]; (
TA;) said of a man when he has died. (O in art. عبل: in the
K, in that art., ↓ اِشْتَعَبَتْهُ [perhaps a mistranscription].) And it is said in a
trad., مَا هٰذِهِ الفُتْيَا الَّتِى شَعَبْتَ بِهَا النَّاسَ i. e, [What is this judicial decision] with which thou hast divided the people? (
S. [In the
TA, on the authority of
IAth, التى شَغَبَتْ فِى النَّاسِ, which means, “ which has excited evil among the people. ”]) One says also, شَعَبَ الرَّجُلُ أَمْرَهُ (assumed
tropical:) The man broke up, discomposed, deranged, or disorganized, [or rendered unsound, impaired, or marred, (agreeably with another explanation of the verb in what follows,)] his state of affairs: (
As,
A'Obeyd,
TA:) whence the saying of 'Alee Ibn-El-'Adheer El-Ghanawee, وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَ المَرْءَ يَشْعَبُ أَمْرَهُ شَعْبَ العَصَا وَيَلَجُّ فِى العِصْيَانِ (assumed
tropical:) [And when thou seest the man break up his state of affairs as with the breaking up of the staff, and persevere in disobedience, or rebellion]. (
A'Obeyd,
TA.)
b2: Also,
aor. as above, (
Msb,) and so the
inf. n., (
S,
A,
Msb,
K,) He repaired a cracked thing [such as a wooden bowl or some other vessel, by closing up its crack or cracks, or by piecing it: see 2, which has a similar signification, but implying muchness]: (
S,
Msb:) and [in a general sense,] he repaired, mended, amended, adjusted, or put into a right, or proper, state: (
A,
K,
TA:) and it signifies the
contr. also [of the former meaning and] of this, in the same, or in another,
dial.: (
TA:) [i. e.] he cracked a thing [such as a wooden bowl &c.]: (
A,
Msb:) and he corrupted, rendered unsound, impaired, or marred. (
A,
K,
TA.) شَعْبٌ صَغِيرٌ مِنْ شَعْبٍ كَبِيرٍ, occurring in a
trad. of 'Omar, means A little repairing, of, or amid, much impairing. (
TA.)
b3: [He gave a portion of property; as though he broke it off.] One says, اِشْعَبْ لِى شُعْبَةً مِنَ المَالِ Give thou to me a portion of the property. (
TA.)
b4: He (the commander, or prince,
S) sent a messenger (
S,
K) إِلَيْهِ [to him], (
K,) or إِلَى مَوْضِعِ كَذَا [to such a place]. (
S.)
b5: He turned, or sent, him, or it, away, or back: (
K,
TA:)
aor. and inf.
n. as above. (
TA.) And شَعَبَ اللِّجَامُ الفَرَسَ The bridle turned away or back, or withheld, or restrained, the horse from the direction towards which he was going. (
K.)
b6: He, or it, diverted a man by occupying him, busying him, or engaging his attention. (
K,
TA.) One says, مَا شَعَبَكَ عَنِّى [What diverted thee, or what has diverted thee, &c., from me?]. (
TA.)
A2: It is also
intrans.: see 4.
b2: [Thus it signifies He quitted his companions, desiring others.] One says, شَعَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ (
K,
TA) فِى عَدَدِ كَذَا (
TA) He yearned towards them [with such a number of men], and quitted his companions. (
K,
TA.)
b3: And He, or it, appeared [distinct from others]: (
K,
TA:) whence the month [شَعْبَان,
q. v.,] is [said to be] named. (
TA.)
A3: Also, (
K,
TA,)
aor. and
inf. n. as above, (
TA,) said of a camel, He cropped (اِهْتَضَمَ) the upper, or uppermost, parts of trees [or shrubs]. (
K,
TA.)
A4: شَعِبَ,
aor. ـَ (
K,)
inf. n. شَعَبٌ, (
S, *
K, *
TA,) He (a goat,
S,
TA, and a gazelle,
TA) was wide, (
K,) or very wide, (
S,) between the horns, (
S,
K,) and between the shoulders. (
K, *
TA.) [See also شَعَبٌ, below.]
2 شعّب [
app. signifies He collected several things; or he collected much: and] he separated several things; or he separated much. (
O.)
b2: Also He repaired a cracked wooden bowl [or some other vessel] in several places [by closing up its cracks, or by piecing it]: (
S, O:) [and
app., in a general sense, he repaired, mended, amended, adjusted, or put into a right, or proper, state, several things; or he repaired, &c., much: and it seems to signify also the
contr. of these two meanings: i. e. he cracked several things; or he cracked in several places: and he corrupted, rendered unsound, impaired, or marred, several things; or he corrupted, &c., much.]
A2: It is also
intrans.: see 4.
b2: Thus, said of seed-produce, It branched forth, or forked, after being in leaf, or blade; (
TA;) like ↓ تشعّب. (
K, *
TA.) [Hence,] one says, إِنِّى أَرَى الشَّرَّ شَعَّبَ (assumed
tropical:) [Verily I see the evil to have grown like seed-produce when it branches forth]; like as one says, قَصَّبَ, and نَبَّبَ. (
TA in art. نب.) 3 شاعبهُ He became distant, or remote, from him; (
K,
TA;) namely, his companion. (
TA.) [Hence,] شاعب الحَيَاةَ (assumed
tropical:) [He quitted life]. (
TA.) And شَاعَبَتْ نَفْسُهُ (
K,
TA) His soul [departed, or] quitted life; (
TA;) meaning he died; (
K,
TA;) as also ↓ انشعب [i. e. انشعب هُوَ]. (
K.) [See also what next follows.]
4 اشعب He died: (
S,
K: [see also 3:]) or (so in the
S and
TA, but in the
K “ and ”) he separated himself from another or others, never to return; (
S,
K;) as also ↓ شعّب or ↓ شَعَبَ,
accord. to different copies of the
K, the latter as in the
L. (
TA.) A poet says, (
S,) namely, En-Nábighah El-Jaadee, (
IB,
TA.) وَكَانُوا أُنَاسًا مِنْ شُعُوبٍ فَأَشْعَبُوا (
S,
IB,
TA,) or وَكَانُوا شُعُوبًا مِنْ أُنَاسٍ,
accord. to different readings: [
app. meaning, And they were men of divided races or tribes, or were divided races or tribes of men; so they perished; or separated, never to return:]
IB says, after mentioning the former reading, i. e. they were of men who should perish; so they perished: having previously mentioned the latter reading, and added, i. e. they were of those whom شعوب should overtake. (
TA. [
IB's explanations seem at first sight to indicate that he read شَعُوبَ and شَعُوبًا; neither of which is admissible: each of his explanations
app. relates to both readings; as though he understood the poet to mean, they were men separated from different tribes, to be overtaken by others; so they perished.]) 5 تشعّب and ↓ انشعب are quasi-
pass. verbs, the former of شَعَّبَ and the latter of شَعَبَ: (
TA:) [the former, therefore, is most correctly to be regarded and used as intensive in its significations, or as relating to several things or persons: but it is said that] both signify alike: [
app. It became collected; it became brought, gathered, or drawn, together; or it became united: and also] it became separated, put apart or asunder, divided, disunited, or dispersed or scattered: (
S,
K:) and it, or he, became distant, or remote. (
K.) One says, تَشَعَّبُوا فِى طَلَبِ المِيَاهِ [They became separated, &c., or they separated themselves, &c., in search of the waters], and فِى الغَارَاتِ [in predatory excursions]. (
TA.) And عَنِّى ↓ انشعب فُلَانٌ Such a one became distant, or remote, from me; or withdrew to a distance, or for away, from me. (
TA.) And الطَّرِيقُ ↓ انشعب [and تشعّب] The road separated. (
S,
A,
Msb.) And ↓ انشعب النَّهْرُ and تشعّب The river separated [or branched forth] into other rivers. (
TA.) And ↓ انشعبت
أَغْصَانُ الشَّجَرَةِ (
S,
Msb,
TA) and تشعّبت (
TA) The branches of the tree separated, divided, straggled, or spread out dispersedly; (
S,
TA;) or branched forth from the stem, and separated, divided, &c. (
Msb.) See also 2. One says also, تشعّب أَمْرُ الرَّجُلِ (assumed
tropical:) [The state of affairs of the man became broken up, discomposed, deranged, disorganized, or (agreeably with another explanation of the verb in what follows) rendered unsound, impaired, or marred]. (
A.)
b2: Also ↓ the latter verb, [or each,] It became closed up; [or repaired by having a crack or cracks closed up, or by being pieced;] said of a cracked thing: (
TA:) and ↓ both verbs,
i. q. اِنْصَلَحَ [which means, in a general sense, it became rectified, repaired, mended, amended, adjusted, or put into a right, or proper, state; &c.; but I have not found this verb (انصلح) in its proper art. in any of the Lexicons]: (
K,
TA:) and ↓ the latter signifies also it became cracked; (A;) [and in like manner the former, said of a number of things; or it became cracked in several places when said of a single thing: and hence ↓ both signify, in a general sense, it became corrupted, rendered unsound, impaired, or marred; a meaning which may justly be assigned to the former verb in the phrase mentioned in the next preceding sentence.]
7 إِنْشَعَبَ see 5, in nine places: and see also 3.
8 إِشْتَعَبَ see 1, in the former half of the paragraph.
شَعْبٌ
inf. n. of شَعَبَ [
q. v.]. (
Msb.)
b2: [Used as a simple
subst., it signifies Collection, or union: and also separation, division, or disunion; and] a state of separation or division or disunion; (
K,
TA;) as also ↓ شُعْبَةٌ: (
S,
TA:)
pl. of the former شُعُوبٌ. (
TA.)
b3: And [hence, perhaps, as implying both union and division,] Such as is divided [into sub-tribes], of the tribes of the Arabs and foreigners: (
S: [in my copy of the
Msb, ما انقسمت فيه قبائل العرب, as though it meant the tribes of the Arabs collectively, agreeably with another explanation to be mentioned below; but I think that there may be a mistranscription in this case:])
pl. شُعُوبٌ: (
S,
Msb:) or it signifies, as some say, (
Msb,) or signifies also, (
S,) a great tribe;
syn. قَبِيلَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ, (
S,
A,
K,) or حَىٌّ عَظِيمٌ; (
Msb;) the parent of the [tribes called] قَبَائِل, to which they refer their origin, and which comprises them: (
S:) or, as some say, a great tribe (حَىٌّ عَظِيمٌ) forming a branch of a قَبِيلَة: or a قَبِيلَة itself: (
TA:) A' Obeyd says, on the authority of Ibn-El-Kelbee, on the authority of his father, that the شَعْب is greater than the قَبِيلَة; next to which is the فَصِيلَة; then, the عَمَارَة; then, the بَطْن; then, the فَخِذ: (
S,
TA:) but
IB says that the true order is that which Ez-Zubeyr Ibn-Bekkár has stated, and is as follows: (
TA:) [i. e.] the genealogies of the Arabs consist of six degrees; (
Msb;) first, the شَعْب; then, the قَبِيلَة; then, the عَمَارَة, (
Msb,
TA,) with fet-h and with kesr, to the ع; (
Msb;) then, the بَطْن; then, the فَخِذ; and then, the فَصيلَة: thus, Khuzeymeh is a شعب; and Kináneh, a قبيلَة; and Kureysh, an عمارة; and Kuseí, a بطن; and Háshim, a فخذ; and El-'Abbás, a فصيلة: (
Msb,
TA:) and Aboo-Usámeh says that these classes are agreeable with the order obtaining in the structure of man; the شعب is the greatest of them, derived from the شَعْب [or suture] of the head; next is the قبيلة, from the قبيلة [which is a term applied to any one of the four principal bones] of the head; then, the عمارة, which is the breast; then, the بطن [or belly]; then, the فخذ [or thigh]; and then, the فصيلة, which is the shank: to these some add the عَشِتيرَة, which consists of few in comparison with what are before mentioned: (
TA:) and some add after this the رَهْط: some also add the جِذْم before the شعب: (
TA in art. بطن:) the
pl. is as above. (
TA.) It signifies also A nation, people, race, or family of mankind;
syn. جِيلٌ; as
expl. by
IM and others: in the
K, [and in a copy of the
A,] erroneously, جَبَل [a mountain]: (
TA:) but it is [strangely] said by Aboo-'Obeyd El-Bekree that
accord. to all except Bundár, the word in this sense is ↓ شِعْبٌ, with kesr. (
MF.) And the
pl., شُعُوبٌ, is [said to be] especially applied to denote the foreigners (العَجَم): (
TA:) [thus it is said that] the phrase, in a
trad., إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الشُّعُوبِ
أَسْلَمَ means [Verily a man] of the foreigners (العَجَم) [became a Muslim: but see الشُّعُوبِيَّةُ]. (
S.)
b4: Also, [as implying separation,] Distance, or remoteness. (
A,
K.) So in the phrase شَعْبُ الدَّارِ [The distance, or remoteness, of the abode, or dwelling]. (
TA.)
b5: And A crack (
S,
A,
K,
TA) in a thing, (
S,) which the شَعَّاب repairs. (
S, *
TA.)
b6: And The place of junction [i. e. the suture] of the قَبَائِل [or principal bones] of the head; (
K;) the شَأْن which conjoins the قبائل of the head: the قبائل in the head being [the frontal bone, the occipital bone, and the two parietal bones; in all,] four in number. (
S.)
b7: [Hence, perhaps,] هُمَا شَعْبَانِ (assumed
tropical:) They two are likes [or like each other]. (
S.)
b8: See also شِعْبٌ.
A2: Also Distant, or remote; (
K;) as in the phrase مَآءٌ شَعْبٌ [Distant, or remote, water]:
pl. شُعُوبٌ. (
TA.) شُعْبٌ: see the dual شُعْبَانِ
voce شُعْبَةٌ.
شِعْبٌ A road: (
Msb:) or a road in a mountain: (
S,
A,
O,
L,
Msb,
K:) primarily a road in a mountain (
Har p. 29) and in valleys: (Id. p. 72:) afterwards applied to any road: (Id. p. 29:) [see also مَشْعَبٌ:]
pl. شِعَابٌ. (
S,
O,
Msb.) And A water-course, or place in which water flows, in [a low, or depressed, tract, such as is called] a بَطْن of land, (
ISh,
A,
O,
K,) having two elevated borders, and in width equal to the stature of a man lying down, and sometimes between the two faces, or acclivities, of two mountains. (
ISh, O.) Or it signifies, (
K,) or signifies also, (
A,) A ravine, or gap, [or pass,] between two mountains. (
A,
K.)
b2: Also [A reef of rocks in the sea: so in the present day: or] a زِرْبَة or زَرَبَة (
accord. to different copies of the
K in art. جهن [but neither of these two words do I find in their proper art. in any Lex.]) in the sea, such as is connected with the shore: if not connected with the shore, a bowshot distant, it is called جُهْنٌ. (
K and
TA in art. جهن.)
b3: And A brand, or mark made with a hot iron, (
S,
K,) upon camels, (
K,) peculiar to the Benoo-Minkar, in form resembling the [hooked stick called] مِحْجَن: (
S:) or a brand upon the thigh, lengthwise, [consisting of] two lines meeting at the top and separated at the bottom: (
ISh,
TA:) or a brand united [at the upper part and] at the lower part separated: (Aboo-' Alee in the “ Tedhkireh,”
TA: [but there is an omission here, so that the reverse may perhaps be meant:]) or a brand upon the neck, like the مِحْجَن: (
Suh in the
R,
TA:) in a marginal note in the copy of the
L, it is said that شعب signifying a brand is with kesr to the ش and with fet-h [i. e. شِعْبٌ and ↓ شَعْبٌ]. (
TA.)
b4: See also شَعْبٌ.
b5: [And see the
pl. شِعَابٌ below.]
شَعَبٌ Width, or distance, (
A,
K,) or great width or distance, (
S,) between the horns (
S,
A,
K) of a goat (
S,
TA) and of a gazelle, (
TA,) and between the shoulders, (
A,
K,) and between two branches. (
A.) [See also 1, last signification.]
شُعْبَةٌ: see شَعْبٌ, second sentence.
b2: Also The space, or interstice, between two horns: and between two branches: (
K:)
pl. شُعَبٌ and شِعَابٌ, (
K, *
TA,) in this and all the following senses. (
TA.)
b3: And A cleft in a mountain, to which birds (الطَّيْرُ, for which المَطَرُ is erroneously substituted in [several of] the copies of the
K,
TA) resort:
pl. as above. (
K,
TA.)
b4: Also A branch of a tree, (
S,
A, *
Mgh, *
Msb,
TA,) growing out a part, or divaricating, therefrom: (
Msb, *
TA:) or the extremity of a branch: (
K,
TA: [said in the latter to be
tropical in this latter sense; but why, I see not:])
pl. شُعَبٌ (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
TA) and شِعَابٌ, as above. (
TA.) And شُعَبُ الغُصْنِ The divaricating, or straggling, [branchlets, or] extremities [or shoots or stalks] of the branch. (
TA.) And [hence] عَصًا فِى رَأْسِهَا شُعْبَتَانِ [A staff having at his head two forking portions or projections]; (
A,
TA;) and
Az mentions, as heard by him from the Arabs, ↓ شُعْبَانِ, without ت, instead of شُعْبَتَانِ in this phrase. (
L,
TA.) And شُعْبَةٌ مِنْ رَيْحَانٍ [A sprig, spray, bunch, or branchlet, of sweet basil, or of sweet-smelling plants]: and شُعْبَةٌ مِنْ شَعَرٍ [and مِنْ صُوفٍ A lock, or flock, of hair and of wool]. (
JK in art. طوق.) And أَنَا شُعْبَةٌ مِنْ دَوْـ
ـحَتِكَ (
tropical:) [I am a branch, or branchlet, of thy great tree]. (
A,
TA.) And مَسْأَلَةٌ كَثِيرَةُ الشُّعَبِ (assumed
tropical:) [A question having many branches, or ramifications]. (
Msb.) and [the
pl.] شُعَبٌ [as meaning] (
tropical:) The fingers: (
K,
TA:) one says, قَبَضَ عَلَيْهِ بِشُعَبِ يَدِهِ (
tropical:) He laid hold upon it with his fingers. (
A,
TA.) and قَعَدَ بَيْنَ شُعْبَتَيْهَا (
tropical:) He sat between her two legs: (
A:) and بَيْنَ شُعَبِهَا الأَرْبَعِ (
tropical:) [He sat (in the
Mgh قَعَدَ, as implied in the
A, and in the
Msb جَلَسَ,)] between her arms and her legs; (
A,
Mgh,
Msb,
K;) or between her legs and the شُفْرَانِ [dual of شُفْرٌ,
q. v.,] of her فَرْج; (
A,
Mgh,
K;) occurring in a
trad.; (
Mgh,
Msb;) an allusion to جِمَاع. (
A,
Mgh,
Msb,
K.) And شُعْبَتَا الرَّحْلِ (assumed
tropical:) The شَرْخَانِ [or two upright pieces of wood] of the camel's saddle; its قَادِمَة and its آخِرَه. (
Mgh.) And اِغْرِزِ اللَّحْمَ فِى شُعَبِ السَّفُّودِ (
tropical:) [Infix thou the flesh-meat upon the prongs of the roastinginstrument]. (
A,
TA.) And شُعْبَةُ مِنْجَلٍ (assumed
tropical:) [A tooth of a reaping-hook]. (
K in art. سن.) and شُعْبَةٌ مِنْ شُعَبِ السِّينِ (assumed
tropical:) [A tooth, or cusp, of the teeth, or cusps, of the س]; the شُعَب of the س being three. (
S and
L in art. س.) And شُعَبُ الفَرَسِ (
tropical:) The outer parts, or regions, of the horse (أَقْطَارُهُ,
A, or نَوَاحِيهِ,
K); all of them: (
K:) or the prominent parts (
S,
K) of them, (
K,) or of him; (
S, and so in some copies of the
K;) as the neck, and the مِنْسَج [or withers, &c.], (
S,
TA,) and the crests of the hips, (
TA,) or such as his head, and his حَارِك [or withers, &c.], and the crests of his hips. (
A.)
b5: Also A small water-course, or channel in which water flows; as in the phrase شُعْبَةٌ حَافِلٌ a small water-course filled with a torrent: (
S:) or a water-course in sand; (
K;) or in the elevated part of a depressed tract into which sand has poured and remained. (
TA.) And A small portion of a [water-course such as is called] تَلْعَة; or what is smaller than a تَلْعَة;
accord. to different copies of the
K; الشُّعْبَةُ being
expl. as meaning مَا صَغُرَ مِنَ التَّلْعَةِ, and, in one copy, عَنِ التَّلْعَةِ. (
TA.) And Such as is large, of the channels for irrigation of valleys: (
K,
TA:) or, as some say, a branch from a تَلْعَة, and from a valley, or torrent-bed, taking a different course therefrom:
pl. as above. (
TA.)
b6: and A portion, part, or piece, of a thing; or somewhat thereof: (
S,
Msb,
K,
TA:)
pl. as above. (
TA.) One says, اِشْعَبْ لِى شُعْبَةً مِنَ المَالِ Give thou to me a portion of the property. (
TA.) And فِى يَدِهِ شُعْبَةُ خَيْرٍ (assumed
tropical:) [In his hand is somewhat of good, or of wealth]. (
TA.) And it is said in a
trad., الحَيَآءُ شُعْبَةٌ مِنَ الإِيمَانِ (assumed
tropical:) Modesty is a part of faith: and in another, الشَّبَابُ شُعْبَةٌ مِنَ الجُنُونِ (assumed
tropical:) [Youth is a part of insanity]. (
TA.) In explanation of the phrase, in the
Kur [lxxvii. 30], إِلَى ظِلٍّ ذِى ثَلَاثِ شُعَبٍ [Unto a shade, or shadow, having three parts, or divisions], it is said that the fire [of Hell], on the day of resurrection, will divide into three parts; and whenever they shall attempt to go forth to a place, it will repel them: by ظِلّ being here meant that the fire will form a covering; for [literally] there will be no ظِلّ in this case. (
Th,
L.)
b7: And A piece such as is called رُؤبَة, with which a wooden bowl [or the like] is repaired. (
S.)
b8: Accord. to
Lth, (
T,
TA,) شُعَبُ الدَّهْرِ means (
tropical:) The changes, or vicissitudes, of time or fortune; (
T,
A,
TA;) and he cites the saying of Dhu-r-Rummeh, وَلَا تُقَسِّمُ شَعْبًا وَاحِدًا شُعَبُ which he explains by saying, i. e. I thought that one thing, or state of things, would not be divided into many things, or states: [i. e. Nor did I think that the vicissitudes of fortune would divide one whole body of men into many parties:] but
Az disapproves of this explanation, and says that شُعَب here means Intentions, designs, or purposes: he says that the poet describes tribes assembled together in the [season called] رَبِيع, who, when they desired to return to the watering-places, differed in their intentions, or designs; wherefore he says, Nor did I think that various intentions would divide [one whole body of men who before had] a consentient intention. (
L,
TA.)
b9: [See also the
pl. شِعَابٌ below.]
شَعْبَانُ, imperfectly
decl., (
Msb,) The name of a month [i. e. the eighth month of the Arabian year]:
pl. شَعْبَانَاتٌ (
S,
Msb,
K) and شَعَابِينُ: (
Msb,
K:) so called from تَشَعَّبَ “ it became separated; ” (
K,
TA;) because therein they used to separate, or disperse themselves, in search of water [when the months were regulated by the solar year; this month then corresponding partly to June and partly to July, as shown
voce زَمَنٌ,
q. v.]; or, as some say, for predatory expeditions [after having been restrained therefrom during the sacred month of Rejeb]; or,
accord. to some, as
Th says, from شَعَبَ “ it appeared; ” because of its appearance between the months of Rejeb and Ramadá
n. (
TA.)
b2: غَزَالُ شَعْبَانَ A certain insect, (
K, *
TA,) a species of the جُنْدَب, or of the جُخْدُب. (
TA.) شِعَابٌ
pl. of شِعْبٌ: (
S,
O,
Msb:) and of شُعْبَةٌ. (
K,
TA.)
b2: شَغَلَتْ شِعَابِى جَدْوَاىَ is a
prov., [
expl. as] meaning The abundance of the food [that I have to procure for my family] has occupied me so as to divert me from giving to people: (
S,
TA:) [
Z considers شعاب, here, as
pl. of شُعْبَةٌ
“ a branch,” and as meaning duties, and relations: (Freytag's Arab.
Prov., i. 653:)] but El-Mundhiree says that شِعَابِى is a mistranscription: the other reading is سَعَاتِى, meaning “ my expending upon my family. ” (
Meyd. [See also سَعَاةٌ, in art. سعو and سعى.]) شَعُوبُ, (
S,
A,
Msb,
K,) without the article ال, and imperfectly
decl., (
Msb,) and الشَّعُوبُ, (
A,
Msb,
K,) with the article, and perfectly
decl., (
Msb,) but several authors disallow this latter, accounting it wrong; (
TA;) a name for Death; (
S,
A, *
Msb,
K; *) so called because it separates men: (
S,
Msb:) the former is a proper name: (
Msb:)
J says [in the
S] that it is determinate, and does not admit the article ال: in the
L, it is said that شَعُوبُ and الشَّعُوبُ both signify as above; and that in either case it may be originally an
epithet, being like the epithets قَتُول and ضَرُوب; and if so, the article in this case is as in العَبَّاسُ and الحَسَنُ and الحٰرِثُ: and this opinion is confirmed by what is said of its derivation: but he who says شَعُوب, without the article, makes the word a pure substantive, and deprives it literally of the character of an
epithet; wherefore the article is not necessarily attached to it, as it is not to عَبَّاس and حٰرِث; yet the essence of an
epithet is in it still, as in the instance of جَابِرُ بْنُ حَبَّةَ, a name for “ bread,” so called because it reinvigorates the hungry; and as in وَاسِط, [a certain town] so called,
accord. to
Sb, because midway between El-'Irák [' Irák el-'Ajam] and El-Basrah: thus in the
L. (
TA.) One says of a person when he has been at the point of death and then escaped, أَقَصَّتْهُ شَعُوبُ [Death became near to him]. (
TA.) And it is said in a
trad., فَمَا زِلْتُ وَاضِعًا رِجْلِى
عَلَى خَدِّهِ حَتَّى أَزَرْتُهُ شَعُوبَ, i. e. [And I ceased not putting my foot upon his cheek until] I made death to visit him. (
TA.) شَعِيبٌ A [leathern water-bag such as is called]
مَزَادَة [
q. v.]; (
A'Obeyd,
S,
K;) as also رَاوِيَةٌ and سَطِيحَةٌ: (
A'Obeyd,
S:) or one that has been repaired, or pieced: (
TA:) or one that is made of two hides: (
K:) or one that is made of two hides facing each other, without فِئَام at their corners; فئام in [the making of] مَزَايِد being the taking of the hide and folding it, and then adding at the sides what will widen it: or one that is pieced (تُفْأَمُ) with a third skin, between the two skins, that it may be rendered wider: or one that is made of two pieces joined together: (
TA:) or one that is sewed (مَخْرُوزَة,
K and
TA, in the
CK مَحْزُوزَة,) on both sides: (
K:) called thus because one part is joined to another: (
L,
TA:)
pl. شُعُبٌ. (
K, *
TA.)
b2: Also An old, worn-out skin for water or milk: (
K:) because it is pieced, or repaired: (
TA:)
pl. as above. (
K.)
b3: and A camel's saddle;
syn. رَحْلٌ: because it is joined, part to part: so in the saying of El-Marrár, describing a she-camel, إِذَا هِىَ خَرَّتْ خَرَّ مِنْ عَنْ يَمِينِهَا شَعِيبٌ بِهِ إِحْمَامُهَا وَلُغُوبُهَا [When she falls down, or fell down, there falls down, or fell down, from her right side a saddle by reason of which was her fevered and jaded state]. (
TA.)
b4: And رَجُلٌ شَعِيبٌ
i. q. غَرِيبٌ [A man who is a stranger, &c.]. (
AA,
TA voce غَرِيبٌ.) شِعَابَةٌ The art, or craft, of repairing cracks [in wooden bowls &c., by piecing them]. (
TA.) شُعُوبِىٌّ: see what next follows.
الشُّعُوبِيَّةُ A sect which does not prefer, or exalt, the Arabs above the 'Ajam [or foreigners or Persians]: (
S:) or a sect which prefers, or exalts, the 'Ajam above the Arabs: (
Msb:) or those who despise the circumstances, or condition, of the Arabs; (
A, *
K;) one of whom is called ↓ شُعُوبِىٌّ; (
A,
K;) a rel.
n. formed from the
pl., (
IM,
Msb,
TA,) شُعُوبٌ being predominantly applied to the 'Ajam; (
IM,
TA;) like أَنْصَارِىٌّ [from الأَنْصَارُ]. (
IM,
Msb, *
TA.) In the phrase إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الشُّعُوبِ أَسْلَمَ, occurring in a
trad., [and mentioned before,
voce شَعْبٌ,] الشعوب may mean العَجَم; or it may be [used as] a
pl. of الشُّعُوبِىُّ, like as اليَهُودُ and المَجُوسُ are [used as] pls. of اليَهُودِىُّ and المَجُوسِىُّ. (
IAth,
TA.) شَعَّابٌ A repairer of cracks [in wooden bowls &c., by piecing them]. (
S,
Msb,
TA.) الشَّاعِبَانِ The two shoulders: (
K:) because wide apart: of the
dial. of El-Yemen. (
TA.) أَشْعَبُ A goat, (
S,
TA,) and a gazelle, (
A,
TA,) wide, (
A,) or very wide, (
S,
TA,) between the horns: (
S,
A,
TA:) [and
app., between the shoulders: (see شَعِبَ:)]
fem. شَعْبَآءُ: (
TA:) and
pl. شُعْبٌ. (
S,
A,
TA.)
A2: It is also the name of a certain very covetous man [who became proverbial for his covetousness, and hence it is used as an
epithet]: (
S,
K:) so in the saying, لَا تَكُنْ
أَشْعَبَ فَتَتْعَبَ [Be not thou an Ash'ab, for in that case thou wilt become fatigued, or wearied, by thy endeavours]; (
K;) a
prov.: (
TA:) and so in the
prov., أَطْمَعُ مِنْ أَشْعَبَ [More covetous than Ash'ab]. (
S.) مَشْعَبٌ A way, road, or path, (
S,
Msb,
K,) [in an absolute sense, or] branching off from another. (
Msb.) مَشْعَبُ الحَقِّ means The way [of truth, or] that distinguishes between truth and falsity. (
K.) مِشْعَبٌ An instrument by means of which a crack in a [wooden bowl or some other] thing is repaired [by piecing it]; an instrument used for perforating, a drill, or the like, (
K,
TA,) by means of which the شَعَّاب repairs a vessel. (
TA.) قَصْعَةٌ مُشَعَّبَةٌ [A wooden bowl] repaired in several places [by closing up its cracks, or by piecing it]. (
S.)
b2: See also what follows.
مَشْعُوبٌ applied to a camel, (
K,) and ↓ مُشَعَّبَةٌ applied to a number of camels, (
TA,) Marked with the brand called شِعْب. (
K,
TA.)
