صهر

1 صَهَرَ, (S, A, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. صَهْرٌ, (K,) He melted, or liquefied, a thing, (S, A, K,) such as fat, (A, TA,) and the like; (TA;) as also ↓ اصطهر. (K.) The saying لَأَصْهَرَنَّكَ بِيَمِينٍ مُرَّةٍ app. means (assumed tropical:) I will assuredly melt thee [in the fire of Hell by making thee to swear a bitter oath]: (S:) or (tropical:) I will assuredly make thee to swear a hard oath. (A.) One says also, صَهَرْتُ فُلَانًا بِيَمِينٍ كَاذِبَةٍ تُوْجِبُ لَهُ النَّارَ (assumed tropical:) [I caused such a one to melt, by making him to swear a false oath that would procure for him, as a consequence thereof, the fire of Hell]. (AO.) b2: Also, inf. n. as above, He, or it, burned: he thoroughly cooked with fire. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) It (heat) affected him severely. (A.) and صَهَرَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ (tropical:) The sun affected him severely by its heat, (S, * A, K, * TA,) so that it pained his brain. (TA.) Ibn-Ahmar says, describing the young one of a قَطَاة, (S, O,) which was bearing water to it, (O,) تَرْوِى لَقًى أُلْقِىَ فِى صَفْصَفٍ ↓ تَصْهَرُهُ الشَّمْسُ فَمَا يَنْصَهِرْ i. e. [She bearing water to a castaway, cast upon a plain,] which the sun was melting, [or severely affecting,] and [which did not melt, meaning] which endured the sun's melting it. (S, * O. [In both of my copies of the S, and in the O and TA, the first word is تَرْوِى, as above; not تُرْوِى.]) And you say, صَهَرَ الحَرُّ الحِرْبَآءَ (tropical:) The heat made the chameleon's back to glisten. (TA.) b4: and صَهَرَ خُبْزَهُ He seasoned his bread with صُهَارَة, (Az, A, TA,) i. e. melted fat. (A, TA.) and صَهَرَ رَأْسَهُ He anointed his head with صُهَارَة. (A, K.) And صَهَرَ بَدَنَهُ He anointed his body with صَهِير [which is like صُهَارَة]. (L, TA.) A2: صَهَرَهُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) He brought, or drew, it (i. e. a thing, O) near, إِلَيْهِ [to him or it]; and so ↓ اصهرهُ. (O, TA.) 3 صَاهَرَهُمْ, (K,) inf. n. مُصَاهَرَةٌ; (TA;) and صاهر فِيهِمْ; and بِهِمْ ↓ اصهر, and إِلَيْهِمْ; He became that kind of relation to them termed صِهْر; (K;) and so أَصْهَرَهُمْ: (Mgh in art. ختن:) or صاهر إِلَيْهِمْ he took to himself a wife from among them; (S, A, Msb;) and so إِلَيْهِمْ ↓ اصهر: (A:) and ↓ اصهر بِهِمْ he connected himself with them, and became, or made himself, an object of inviolable respect, by a covenant of mutual protection, or by relationship, or consanguinity, or by marriage: (IAar, S:) or اصهر بهم he sought to bring himself near to them by the relationship termed صِهْر. (T, TA.) 4 أَصْهَرَ see 3, in three places. b2: One says also, صهر االجَيْشُ لِلْجَيْشِ (tropical:) The army drew near to the [other] army. (A, O, K.) A2: See also 1, last sentence.7 انصهر It (a thing, S, K, such as fat, and the like, TA) became melted, or liquefied. (S, K.) b2: See also 1.8 اصطهر: see 1.

A2: Also (tropical:) His (a chameleon's) back glistened by reason of the heat of the sun; (A, * K;) and so ↓ اصهارّ. (S, K.) b2: And He ate صُهَارَة. (O, K.) 11 إِصْهَاْرَّ see the next preceding paragraph.

صَهْرٌ Roasted, broiled, or fried; syn. مَشْوِىٌّ. (TA.) b2: And Hot; syn. حَارٌّ. (Kr, K.) صِهْرٌ Relationship; nearness with respect to kindred; syn. قَرَابَةٌ: (A, K:) and [affinity; or] the sacred, or inviolable, tie (حُرْمَة) of relationship consisting in being a father or brother or other kinsman of a man's wife: (Mgh, K:) and ↓ صُهُورَةٌ the sacred, or inviolable, tie (حُرْمَة) of relationship by marriage: (A:) Fr makes the former word of the fem. gender. (Sgh, TA.) b2: And A relation, or kinsman, or kinswoman, of a man's wife: (Kh, S, A, Msb:) and of a woman's husband: (A:) or the father or brother or other kinsman of a woman's husband; syn. حَمْءٌ [and حَمٌ &c. (see art. حمو)]: (Kh, As, ISk, Msb:) and the father or brother or other kinsman of a man's wife: (Kh, As, ISk, S, Msb, K:) so accord. to some of the Arabs: (Kh, As, S, Msb:) or none says otherwise, accord. to As, and IAar says the like: (Mgh:) or any relation of a man's wife or of a woman's husband whom it is unlawful to marry; as the father, and brother, and son, and paternal uncle, and maternal uncle: (Az, Msb:) or a man's relation by marriage: and a kinsman of a man's relation by marriage: (A:) or a man who has married among a people: (Lth, Mgh:) and the husband of a man's daughter: and the husband of a man's sister: (IAar, K:) Fr says that, in the Kur xxv. 56, it signifies, a relation whom it is lawful to marry; as the daughter of a paternal uncle, and of a maternal uncle, and the like: and نَسَب in the same, a relation whom it is unlawful to marry: Zj, that the former signifies a relation whom it is unlawful to marry: and the latter, such as is not a صِهْر, of those mentioned in the Kur [iv. 27], from the words “ your mothers are forbidden unto you ” to the words “ and your combining [as your wives] two sisters: ” I'Ab explains نسب and صهر in the former passage of the Kur differently from Fr [altogether], and differently in part from Zj; saying that the former applies to the seven relations first mentioned in iv. 27 in the Kur, and صهر to the remaining six there mentioned and that mentioned in the next preceding verse; [so that it includes a man's foster-mother, who has suckled him; his fostersister, who has been suckled with him; his wife's mother; his step-daughter under his guardianship, born of his wife unto whom he has gone in; his son's wife; his wife's sister combined with that wife; and his father's wife;] and this, says Az, is correct: (Mgh:) in the Kur xxv. 56, it means ذُو صِهْرٍ, whether male or female: (Jel:) or ذَوَاتُ صِهْرٍ: (Bd:) pl. أَصْهَارٌ (S, A, Msb, K, &c.) and صُهْرَآءُ; (K;) which latter is extr. (TA.) [صِهْرَةٌ, applied to a female, pl. ضِهَرَاتٌ, is app. postclassical.] b3: And (tropical:) A grave, or sepulchre: (ISd, K:) for they used to bury their daughters alive, and say, “We have married them to the grave: ”

then, in the time of El-Islám, this expression was used, and it was said, نِعْمَ الصِّهْرُ القَبْرُ [An excel-lent son-in-law is the grave]: or it means, correctly, that which supplies the place of the صهر. (ISd.) صِهْرِىٌّ i. q. صِهْرِيجٌ [q. v.]; (K;) a dial. var. of the latter word; signifying A thing like a حَوْض [or watering-trough, or tank]: (S:) accord. to Az, a construction of clay and stones, built between [and across] two narrow branches (مَأْزِمَانِ) of a small water-course (شُعْبَة) of a valley, so that the water is kept back thereby, and they drink from it a long time. (TA.) صَهُورٌ A melter of fat: and a roaster, broiler, or frier: pl. صُهْرٌ. (K.) صَهِيرٌ [i. q. ↓ مَصْهُورٌ as meaning] Melted, or liquefied. (S, K.) [And used also as a subst., in the sense of صُهَارَةٌ.] b2: Also Bread seasoned with صُهَارَة; and so ↓ مَصْهُورٌ. (A, O, TA.) صُهَارَةٌ What is melted (As, K, TA) of fat, (As, TA,) and the like: (TA:) or (TA, in the K “ and ”) any piece of fat, (K, TA,) whether small or large: (TA:) and (tropical:) marrow; syn. نِقْىٌ and مُخٌّ; (K, TA;) which mean the same. (TA.) One says, مَا بِالبَعِيرِ صُهَارَةٌ (tropical:) There is not in the camel any fatness (طِرْقٌ); (ISk, S;) or any marrow. (TA.) صُهُورَةٌ: see صِهْرٌ, first sentence.

صَاهُورٌ The sheath of the moon. (K. [See what is meant thereby voce سَاهُورٌ; of which it is a dial. var. in this sense, and app. in other senses also.]) صَيْهُورٌ A thing (A, O, K, TA) like a منْبَر [or pulpit], of clay, (K, TA,) or of wood, (TA,) for the household utensils of brass (A, O, K, TA) and the like, (O, K,) which are put thereon: (A, O:) but ISd says that it is not of established authority. (TA.) مَصْهُورٌ: see صَهِيرٌ, in two places.

عقد: عقد. قال النابغة
بمخضب رخصٍ كأنَّه بنانه ... عنم يكاد من اللطافة يعقَدِ
وقد أصبح قوله في الشطر الثاني يكاد من اللطافة يُعْقَد يضرب به المثل. (أنظر، رسالتي إلى السيد فليشر ص33).
عقد: ألصق حجارة البناء بعضها ببعض بما يمسكها فأحكم إلصاقها. (معجم الادريسي، ابن جبير ص97 وانظر لين).
عقد: لحم، لاحم، ربط، شد. (ألكالا)، بإضمار بالرصاص فيما يضيف البكري (ص50).
عقد: خثر، روب. (فوك، ألكالا، بوشر).
عقد المرق: خلط المرق خلطاً جيداً وغلظه.
(بوشر) وفي ابن البيطار (1: 87) في كلامه عن الانسيون: إذا عقد منه شراب بالسكر.
عقد: خلط مادتين أو أكثر وجعل منها مزيجا، (انظر مادتي سقبنجة وشاشية، ألف ليلة 4: 484).
عقد الحلاوة: هيأ الشراب (الشربت) وهو الماء المحلى بالسكر. (قصة عنتر 71). وفي قصة باسم الحداد (ص78): ثم غمز الصناع الذين في الدكان أن يعقدوا الحلاوة فدوبوا (فذوَّبوا) قدح كبير شربة بماء النوفر.
عقد لفلان: عاهده، (معجم البلاذري، دي يونج) ويقال: عقد معه وعليه (فوك) باضمار عقداً، أي عاهده واتفق معه.
عقد بينهما عَقْداً: أبرم بينهما معاهدة وتحالفاً. (كوسج طرائف ص100).
عقد النكاح: أبرمه. (بوشر) ويقال أيضاً: عقد على فلانة: أي تزوج فلانة. (ابن بطوطة 1: 26)، وعقد لفلان على فلانة: زوجه فلانة. ففي كتاب الخطيب (ص71 و): قلت ولما عقد لولدي عبد الله أسعده الله على بنت الوزير أبي الحسن عليهما أخوهما أبو الحجاج لرَجُلَيْن من قرابته. وفيه (ص90 و): عقد له على أخته.
ويقال أيضاً: عقد لها (المرأة) معه (الرجل) ففي المقري (3: 45): فجعلتْ تُواصِل زيارة ابنتها التي عقد لها الوالد مع ابن عمّه.
عقد: أبرم اتفاقاً (عقداً) وكتبه بالصورة المقَّررة. ففي كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص295): كان الفقيه ابن الملون يُعْني بأسباب الوثائق- وشنع عليه باب الفجور والتدليس فيما يعقد منها.
عقد البيعة: اعترف به ملكاً. (حيّان- بسّام 1: 9ق).
عقد وصية: كتب وصية، ففي كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص324): فسألني أن اعقد له كتاب وصيته.
عقد: أصدر حكماً. ففي كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص218): وقد رأيت سجلاً عقده محمد بن بشير يقول فيه حُكْمُ محمد بن بشير قاضي الجند بقرطبة. وفيه (ص232): عقد حُكْمَه للقوم بالضيعة.
عقد: اعتقد، ظنَّ، تخيَّل. ففي الحُللَ (ص67): جاءهم من ناحية اخرى غير الناحية التي عقدوها (وهذا سبب هزيمتهم) وانظر: عَقْد.
عقد: عدَّ وحسب بواسطة مفاصل أصابعه. وهذه الطريقة في العّد والحساب كانت معروفة عند كثير من الأمم القديمة أيضاً هي من التعقيد بحيث يصعب عرضها هنا، ولذلك فإني أحيل على بحث سلفستر دي ساسي في الجريدة الآسيوية (1823، 2: 35 وما يليها) وعلى بحث روديجر خاصة في مجلة زشر (السنة 1845 ص111 وما يليا) وانظر أيضاً: (مونج ص32، الأغاني ص78 (حيث يجب إبدال عقَّد بعقد). عبد الواحد ص116، المقري 1: 823، 869،2: 405، المقدمة 2: 149، 156).
عقد، في مصطلح الحاكة (النساجين): سوَّى وعدل السدى من الخيط على النول ليحوك الثوب. (ألكالا).
عقد له على: ولاّه رئاسة القبيلة ورئاسة الولاية. (معجم أبي الفداء، الثعالبي لطائف ص 84، حيان- بسام 3: 66ق).
ويقال خطأ: عقده على المغرب (كرتاس ص86).
وكما يقال: عقد له لواء بمعنى ولاَّه القيادة، نجد في كرتاس (ص114) في كلامه عن المهدي: وجعل الخمسين للرأي والمشورة وعقد الامامة والنظر للمسلمين. أي أنعم إليهم بالإمامة وفرض إليهم العناية بمصالح المسلمين.
وكما يقال: عقد التاج على رأسه بمعنى تتوّج يقال: عقد التاج على غيره أي توَّجه. وكذلك يقال: عقدوا له الملك. (معجم أبي الفداء).
عقد: نطق الحرف بصورة مخصوصة. (انظره في مادة معقود)، ففي المقري (1: 828): عبارته فصيحة بلغة أهل الأندلس يعقد حرف القاف قريباً من الكاف- وسمعته يقول ما في هذه البلاد من يعقد حرف القاف.
عقد الزهر: برعم وأخرج أزرار، وعقد زهر الشجر: تحول من زهر إلى ثمر. (بوشر).
عقد الزهر: حَبَّب، ولد حَبّا. (فوك). وفي المستعيني: حب الفقد: وليس في كل مكان يعقد هذا الحب. (ابن العوام 1: 281).
بَدُأ يعقد: تقال عن البيضة التي يتكون فيها الفرخ إذا حضنتها الدجاجة. (الكالا).
عقد على نفسه: قصد، نوى، صمم، أزمع، عزم على. ففي النويري (الأندلس ص 465): فعقد المنذر على نفسه إنه لا أعطاه صلحاً ولا عهداً إلا أن يلقي بيده. ويقال أيضاً: عقد في نفسه. (المقري 1: 574). وهذا الفعل وحده يدل على نفس هذا المعنى، ففي حيان- بسام (1: 120و): فعقدوا مع المرتضى غزوها. وفي رياض النفوس (ص86 ق): وكان أحد من عقد الخروج على بني عبيد في أيام أبي يزيد. وفيه (ص92 و). وكان أحد من عقد الخروج في الجامع على بني عبيد وقد ذكرت هذه العبارة في (ص87 و) وفيها للخروج وهو خطأ. وفيه (ص104 و): وجعلت اسأله في أمر يلطف فيه مما يسكن به أبو العباس مما يعقده مع أخيه الذي هو على المظالم في أمر يوذي به الشيخ والمسلمين.
وقد تكرر ذكر عقد التوبة أي عزم على التوبة في رحلة ابن بطوطة (3: 76).
ويقال أيضاً عقد على أمرٍ. (المقري 1: 570). عقد على نفسه شيئاً: تكفلَّ به وضمنه. ففي حيان (ص97 و): وكتب التجيبي الخازن إلى الأمير عبد الله بأنه يدخل مع بدر في ضمان فيئة ابن حجاج ويعقد على نفسه. وفي محيط المحيط: عقد الشيء لفلان ضمنه.
عقد عَهْدَه: جعله ولي العهد ليكون وارثا للملك والسلطان (المقدمة 1: 376).
عقدوا الأمر لفلان: ولوه على العرش. (كوسج طرائف ص114).
عقد البيعة بولاية العهد لابنه: جعل ابنه ولي العهد ليخلفه في الملك والسلطان. (الماسن ص149).
عقد جسراً: أنشأ جسراً، بني قنطرة على نهر (فريتاج، كوسج طرائف ص115).
عقد مجلساً: ألف مجلساً، دعا إلى اجتماع.
وعقد المجلس: جمع المجلس. (بوشر، دي ساسي طرائف 1: 141). وفي حيان - بسام (1: 30ق): عقد معهم مجلساً للشرب. وانظر (ميرسنج ص18 رقم 50). وأنشأ متنزهاً للجمهور أيضاً. (ميرسنج ص6). عقد موكباً: أحاط نفسه بموكب عظيم وحاشية كبيرة. (تاريخ البربر 1: 599).
عقد الجموع والمحازب: احاط نفسه بحاشية وجمهور وحشد. (كرتاس ص113).
عقد الحق على نفسه: أخذ على نفسه وتعهد باتباع الحق. (دي ساسي طرائف 2: 103).
عقد ركعة = ركع ركعة. (عبد الواحد ص94).
عقد سحراً: سحر، احدث أثرا غريبا غير مألوف بالسحر. (المقري 3: 23).
عقد لواء: ربط قطعة من قماش في الرمح وهذا أحيانا علامة العصيان والتمرد، كما نقول رفع راية العصيان. ونجد في كتب القصص والتاريخ كالأخبار (ص105) والنويري الأندلس (ص140) عقد لواء بدلا من اعتقد في رمحه لواء.
كما في الأخبار. وكذلك يقال: عقد خرقاً على قصب. (معجم الطرائف ص21).
عقد ناظريه بمرأى وسيم: حدَّق وأنعم النظر بوجه جميل. (ويجرز ص26).
عُقِدْ قلبه على غم: أضناه الغم والحزن. (الادريسي ص142).
عقد على مذهب فلان: كان من أتباع مذهبه. ففي شرح قصيدة ابن عبدون لابن الأثير (مخطوطة السيد دي جاينجوس ص140 و): عقد على مذهب أبي حنيفة. عَقَّد (بالتشديد): خثَّر، روَّب. (بوشر).
عَقَّد: عرقل، عطّل، أعاق. (بوشر).
عَقَّد: حبك، شبك، ضفر. (بوشر).
عقَّد الكلام: أبهمه، لم يأت به على وجهه في الأداء. (بوشر).
اعقد: جمد، جلَّد، وخثر، غلَّظ. (بوشر).
تَعَقَّد النبات: صار أعجز كثير العقد. وكذلك تعقَّد الغصن. (ابن العوام 1: 292) واقرأ فيه تعقد.
تعقد: تخثر، تروَّب. (ألكالا) راب، تخثر (بوشر).
انعقد: تخثر، تجمد، تجلد، تكثف. (بوشر).
ويقال انعقد البيض المسلوق (معجم الادريسي).
وفي المستعيني: بيض مسلوق البيض المسلوق عندهم ما بولغ في طبخه حتى ينعقد ويصلب جداً.
وعند ابن الجوزي (ص145): وأما المنعقد فرديء عسير الانهضام.
ويقال: انعقد الجليد. ففي رحلة ابن بطوطة (2: 411): الجليد المنعقد فوق النهر.
انعقد التراب: صار مدرة (مثل تعقد في معجم لين)، (ابن بطوطة 2: 342).
انعقد الأمر لابنه (فريتاج) وهي مذكورة في طرائف دي ساسي (2: 51). وفي نفس المعنى: يقال: اليوم الذي انعقد له فيه الملك. (المقريزي مخطوطة 2: 351).
الإجماع منعقد أن: عُرف بالاتفاق أن (المقدمة 2: 51).
انعقد الحكم: ضبطت صيغته. ففي عباد (الفصل التاسع: تتعقد عليه السجلات بالأحكام).
انعقدت العامة: أقسمت يمين الولاء والإخلاص (تاريخ البربر 1: 505).
انعقد الشجر: صار ذا عقد وأكمام، وانتقل من الزهر إلى الثمر. (بوشر) وأثمر (فوك).
انعقد الجسم: تورم وظهرت فيه أورام من أثر الضرب. ففي ألف ليلة (برسل 1: 343): وقد انعقد جسمي من الضرب.
انعقد له في هذا المعنى سوق: عبر عن هذا المعنى كثير من الشعراء بعده. (عباد 2: 108) في التعليق عليه).
انعقد على: أحاط ب، أحدق ب. ففي ألف ليلة (1: 99): انعقدت عليهما النيران. انعقد على: محاط ب، أحيط ب. ففي المقري (1: 346): أبواب قد انعقدت على حنايا من العاج والابنوس.
اعتقد. يقال: اعتقد لواءً. كما يقال عقد لواءُ (دي يونج)، وهذا علامة التمرد والعصيان كما نقول: رفع راية العصيان. (أخبار ص105).
والفعل اعتقد وحده يدل على هذا المعنى أيضاً. (أخبار ص112).
أعتقد اليمين: أقسم قسماً شرعياً. (لين في مادة عقد، عبد الواحد ص14).
اعتقد بهم حُسْنَ ظَنّ: كان حسن الرأي بهم.
(عباد 1: 46).
أعتقد: ظنَّ، تخيل، صدق. واعتقد في فلان: رأي فيه بعض الصفات. ففي طرائف دي ساسي (1: 4): اعتقدوا فيه استحقاق الإمامة: أي رأوا إنه وجدوا فيه الصفات التي تؤهله للإمامة.
اعتقد على فلان: ظن إنه ارتكب شيئاً ما. ففي كليلة ودمنة (ص116): فإن كان الأسد قد اعتقد علي ذنباً.
في معجم بوشر: اعتقد ب، وهو يذكر اعتقد بدين: دان به وجاهر به وأعلنه.
اعتقد، أو اعتقد في فلان: اعترف بمزاياه وفضله وقداسته. واحترامه ووقره وأجله. (مملوك 2،2: 225، ابن بطوطة 1: 368).
وفي تاريخ البربر (1: 414): اعتقد منه الذمة والرتبة. وقد ترجمها دي سلان إلى الفرنسية بما معناه: كان إخلاصه وتفانيه وعلو منزلته قد جعله في نظره جديرا بكل إكرام واعتبار، وهي ترجمة جيدة.
وقولهم اعتقد منه ذمة له أيضاً معنى آخر (انظر فيما يلي) ولكنه لا يلائم المعنى هنا.
اعتقد في فلان: استباح لنفسه ما يملك ورأى أن ماله مباح له. ففي رحلة ابن جبير (ص74) وأكثر أهل هذه الجهات الحجازية وسواها فرق وشيع لا دين لهم قد تفرقوا على مذاهب شتى وهم يعتقدون في الحاج ما لا يعتقد في أهل الذمة قد صيروهم من اعظم غلاتهم التي يستغلونها ينتهبونهم انتهبا ويسببون لاستجلاب ما بأيديهم استجلاباً، فالحاج معهم لا يزال في غرامة ومئونة.
اعتقد: عزم، أزمع على، قصد (عباد 1: 95 رقم 115،2: 22 رقم 38، معجم البيان، محمد بن الحارث ص255، حيان ص22 ق، رياض النفوس ص60 ق، 70ق (مرتين)، الخطيب ص107 ق، تاريخ البربر 2: 47، 217، دي ساسي ديب 11: 17).
اعتقد: حصل على عهد مثلاً، ففي أخبار (ص5): اعتقد لنفسه ولأصحابه عهداً. وفي (ص7) منه: اعتقد على نفسه أمانا. وفي تاريخ البربر (1: 146): اعتقد الذمة، وفيه (1: 365): اعتقد منه ذمة بسابقته تلك. ولهذه العبارة معنى آخر في (1: 414) منه، انظر اعلاه.
اعتقد اليد عند فلان: تفضل عليه بمعروف. أحسن إليه. (أخبار ص67).
اعتقد له بذلك يداً: اعترف له بالفضل والمنة عليه.
اعتقد له ضغنا: أضمر له حقداً وضغينة.
ففي كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص264): ثم انصرف عنه وقد اعتقد له ضغنا عظيماً وأضمر له حقداً شديداً. والفعل اعتقد وحده يدل على هذا المعنى، ففي القلائد (ص240) أبلته بكلام أحقده، وملام اعتقده.
اعتقد: أضاف نقطة، قصدا، عمدا، (المقري 2: 513).
عَقْد: تجمع على عقود بكل معاني الكلمة.
عَقْد: عقدة، موضع العقد وهو ما عقد عليه. (عباد 2: 77، 78 رقم 58، أخبار ص159).
عَقْد: تجليد، تجميد. (بوشر).
عَقْد: ما يعقد المرقة ويجعلها كثيفة غليظة. مكثف، مثخن، مغلظ. (بوشر). عَقْد: نسيج. ومجازاً: أعمال متتابعة (بوشر).
عَقْد: معاهدة، والعقد أضعف قوة من العهد. ففي معجم البلاذري: عقد لهم عقداً وهو دون العهد. ويقال غالباً: بغير عهد ولا عقد (معجم البلاذري).
عقد النكاح: عقد الزواج وهو اتفاق بين الطرفين يلتزم كل منهما بتنفيذ الزواج (انظر مادة تصاهر). (لين عادات 1: 239) ولفظة عقد وحدها تدل على هذا المعنى أيضاً. (زيشر 22: 109 رقم 50).
غير أن عقد النكاح: يعني أيضاً الزواج بعينه.
(برتون 2: 23).
عقد: شهادة، تصريح، اقرار، اعتراف مكتوب، محضر رسمي، مضبطة. (عباد 2: 251 ورقم 33، ابن بطوطة 1: 181، 216، 217، 218، المقري 1: 684).
عَقْد: قسيمة، إيصال. (ألكالا).
عَقْد: ملحق وصية. إضافة إلى وصية (ألكالا).
عَقْد: سند الاعتراف بالدين، يقال عن الدائنين: أتى كل واحد بعقده ثابتا بحكم الشرع.
عَقْد الحجارة: فاصل بين حجرين. (معجم الادريسي).
عقد السلالم: محور السلم الدائري، الموضع الذي تلتقي فيه كل درجات السلم اللولبي (بوشر).
عقد حلزون: سلم حلزوني. (ألف ليلة برسل 1: 195).
عَقْد: بمعنى حنية، قنطرة، رواق مقنطر، صيغة منتهى الجموع منه عقودات (ألف ليلة 1: 58).
عَقْد: في اصطلاح البنائين سقف من الحجارة المعقودة بعضها ببعض. (محيط المحيط).
عَقْد: عَقيدة، اعتقاد وإيمان بحقيقة الدين.
(عباد 1: 384، المقري 1: 884، تاريخ البربر 1: 330، 337، 416، ميرسنج ص22 وفيه عقد مرادف عقيدة (ص23)، غير أن الناشر (ص100) الذي يجهل فيما يظهر هذا المعنى قد خلط تخليطاً عجيباً حين أراد تفسير العبارة.
عَقْد: يقول ابن خلدون خلافاً لما ذكر لين (أن الكلمة عقد تعني عقدة) إنها الاعداد العشرة والعشرين إلى التسعين وكذلك مضاعفاتها حين تضرب بعشرة. وهذا يتفق ما يقوله المارديني، فهذا الرياضي يقول أن: (مراتب الأعداد ثلاثة: آحاد وعشرات ومئات يحتوي كل واحد منها على تسعة عقود).
(دي سلان المقدمة 1: 243) ويقال: عقود من السنين أي عدة عشرات من السنين. (المقدمة 2: 268).
عقود: الأوضاع المختلفة لمفاصل الأصابع حين يعد على مواضع اتصالها. (زيشر انهانج لسنة 1845 ص112).
عَقْد: اسم مرض يصيب القرع والدباء. (ابن العوام 1: 631) وهذا صواب قراءة الكلمة وفقا لما يقول كليمنت- موليه ووفقاً لمخطوطتنا. العقود؟: يذكر القزويني (1: 34) أربعة نجوم في وسط كوكبة القعود، وهو يذكر أيضاً العقود وهذه الأخيرة عند دورن (ص50).
عِقْد. عقد الثريا: سبعة كوكب في عنق الثور.
(فالنون ص38، ص74 رقم 3).
عِقْد: تصحيف عقيد (انظر عقيد). (برتون 1: 238).
عُقْدة: لا تعني برعم الشجرة فقط (لين، بوشر) بل تعني أيضاً الثمرة التي انعقدت. (ابن العوام 1: 217) مع تعليقة كليمنت- موليه (1: 199).
عقد الرمان: زهر الرمان. ففي المستعيني: زهر الرمان: هو أقماع الرمان- وهو عقد الرمان في أول طلوعه وهو الذي ينتثر من الشجر عند هبوب الريح. (ابن البيطار 1: 652).
عقدة: زر الثوب. (دومب ص282، ابن بطوطة 3: 266).
عقدة: بثرة، دمل، خراج مستدير يتكون على الجلد. ففي معجم المنصوري: شرى هي عقدة ناتية مفرطة.
عقدة: وريدة، وهي شريط معقود بشكل وردة. (بوشر).
عُقَد الحَجْرِ: رباط، ماسكة، شريطة معلقة بثوب تمسكه دون الوقوع عند المشي. (ملر ص39).
عقد: مفاصل الجسم. (كوسج طرائف ص46).
عقدة الحجارة: فاصل بين الحجرين (معجم الادريسي).
عقدة: معاهدة. (عباد 2: 161، المقري 2: 809).
عقدة النكاح: الزواج. (فوك).
عقدة: خرقة تربط بالرمح ليتخذ منه علم. (شارح ديوان مسلم بن الوليد ص135، أخبار ص105)، وفي حيان (ص64 ق): لكل رئيس منهم عقدة يعقدها وعدة يعتد بها. وفي كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص256): ثم سأله أن يعقد له على قومه سنة كاملة الخ- حتى أتت العقدة إلى يحيى من عند الأمير.
عقدة: حزمة، ربطة، مجموعة أشياء من نوع واحد مربوطة جميعاً. (ألف ليلة 1: 293) وعليك أن تقرأ فيها: وأخذ في يده عقدتين من حلفة. وفي طبعة بولاق حزمة بدل عقدة.
عقدة: رزمة، صرة. ففي ألف ليلة 4: 645): عقدة ثياب.
عقدة: غيل، دغل، غيضة، أجمة، مجموعة كثيفة من الشجيرات والأدغال والعوسج والعليق.
(الادريسي ص147) وفي معجم فوك: عقدة من زيتون.
عقدة: فيلق، فرقة من الجيش ففي المعجم اللاتيني - العربي: Legio عرافة وعقدة ستة آلاف. وفيه Cuneus موكب وعقدة. وفي ابن القوطية (ص44 ق): فاجتمعت حوله عقدة من ثلث مائة فارس لم يجتمع بالأندلس قبله ولا بعده مثلها (أخبار 68 واقرأ فيه من بكر، كرتاس ص149، ص247).
عقدة: هراوة، عصا عجراء. (ألكالا) وهو يكتب المفرد uude ويكتب الجمع uuqued وكذلك فعل في مادة ( artejo) ومادة ( boton de arbol) ويمكن أن يستنتج من هذا أن أهل غرناطة كانوا في أيامه كانوا يحذفون في نطقهم العذب الحرف الثاني من مفرد هذه الكلمة.
عقدة: عقبة، عائق، حائل، مانع وحل عقدة: أزال عائقاً ومانعاً (بوشر).
عُقْدَة: سيماء مقطبة، عبوسة. وانحلت عقدته: انبسطت أساريره، وزال عبوسه (بوشر).
عقدة: عزم، تصميم، قصد، نية. (بوشر) (تاريخ البربر 1: 496).
عَقُود= عقيد: ثخين، كثيف، غليظ. (معجم ابن جبير).
عقيد: لبن خاثر (فوك)، وشراب يتخذ بتبخير مصل اللبن الحليب ويجعلون ما يبقى منه أقراصاً أوقطعاً وينشرونها على قطعة من الخيش لتجف، ويأكلونها بالزبدة المذابة، أو يشربونها مذابة بالماء، والعرب يرون فيه شراباً منعشاً، أما الأجانب فلا يرغبون فيه. (برتون 1: 239).
عقيد: خاثر، رائب. (ألكالا).
عقيد: ثخن، ثخانة، غلظ سائل. (ألكالا).
عقيد: قائد القبيلة في الحرب. (بركهارت 79، 168، زيشر 22: 72)، ورئيس العصابة من قطاع الطرق، (دسكرياك ص261 رقم 366).
وفي محيط المحيط: وعقيد العسكر لقائده من كلام المولدين. وفي ألف ليلة (برسل 6: 198): قعيد الحرامية أي رئيس الحرامية، وأرى أن هذه أما خطأ وإنها تصحيف عقيد، وإنما إنها نفس الكلمة بتقديم بعض حروفها على بعض.
عِقَادَة: حرفة صانع شرائط الحرير. (انظر عقاد). (محيط المحيط، ألف ليلة 4: 300).
عقيدة: ما يؤمن به الإنسان. (فوك).
عقيدة= عقدة، عجرة في الشجر. (ابن العوام 1: 151) وكذلك في مخطوطة ليدن.
عقيدة = عقدة: حل، فاصل بين الحجارة في البناء. (معجم الادريسي).
عقيدة: ما يراه المرء في فضل شخص واخترامه وتبجيله وإجلاله. ويقال: عقيدة في (مملوك 2، م: 226، المقري 1: 587).
عقيدة: حقد ضغينة، سخيمة. (شيرب ديال ص10).
عقاد: كاتب عدل، موثق العقود. (فوك).
عقاد: صانع شرائط الحرير وبائعها. (صفة مصر 12: 447، 18 القسم الثاني ص274، 386، محيط المحيط).
عاقد. عاقد للشروط: محرر العقود، موثق العقود، كاتب عدل. (المقري 1: 622) وفي كتاب الخطيب (ص26 ق): كان عاقداً للشروط بصيرا بعللها. عاقد وحدها تدل على هذا المعنى أيضاً، ففي كتاب الخطيب (ص26 ق): وتعلم الوثيقة على العاقد القاضي أبي القاسم بن العريف.
عاقد: رئيس، قائد. ففي القلائد (ص190): فلما أصبح عاقد كتائب، وقائد جنائب، وصاحب الوية.
تعقيدة: غموض، إبهام، التباس. (بوشر).
مَعقِد: ذكرت في المقدمة (2: 322) مصطلحا للبنائين. وقد ترجمها السيد دي سلان إلى الفرنسية بما معناه: غلق عقد القبة. وانظر الادريسي (القسم الثالث الفصل الخامس) ففيه: جعل معاقد روس أساطينه ذهباً.
أهل المعاقد: هذا التعبير الذي ذكرت له مثالين في معجم البيان (وقد نقل ابن الأثير ما ذكره ابن حيان ص21 ص) والذي فسره العلماء قسطنطينية بأهل المشورة لا بد من أن له علاقة مع أهل العقد. وهذه الأخيرة غامضة لسوء الحظ. (انظر لين مادة عقدة، ومعجم مسلم).
معقد: خشب ذو عقد وعجر، وخشب خشن. (بوشر).
كلام معقد: اسلوب مشوَّش، مختلط ملتبس، وَعِر. (بوشر).
مَعْقُود. المعقود عن النساء: الذي لا يستطيع أن يأتي النساء من أثر أذى السحر، ففي ابن البيطار (1: 47): ومرارة الذكر منه يحل المعقود عن النساء إذا سقي منها في بيضة نيمرشت في مستهل الشهر. وفيه (1: 492): أن بخّر به عن النساء سبع مرات أطلقه ذلك. (انظر مقالتي في مادة ربط ومربوط). معقود: كثيف، مخثر. مروب. (بوشر).
معقُود: مجمد، مجلد، منجمد. (الكالا). وفيه البحر معقود أي منجمد.
سلم معقود: سلم حلزوني (ألف ليلة 1: 75) مثل عقد حلزوني.
حرف معقود: أن قيل باء معقودة فهي باء (ابن بطوطة 2: 241، 343) وفي كتاب ابن عبد الملك (ص 13و) في تهجي الاسم لب (بالأسبانية Lope) : وتشديد الباب المعقودة وضمها. وفي تهجي الاسم بيطير: بكسر الباء المعقودة. وفاء مفخمة معقودة هي الباء أيضاً. وجيم معقودة هي ج (ابن بطوطة 2: 22، 270، 290، 321، 375، 3: 329) ويقال أيضاً: قاف معقود. (ابن بطوطة 2: 365، وانظر في مادة عقد). وكاف معقود: ك. (ابن بطوطة 2: 295: 3: 144).
معقود: عجة بيض، اومليت (همبرت ص17 جزائرية).
معفود: في اصطلاح الحساب هو العدد الأصم ويسمى أصم الجذر، وهو عدد لا يكون له جذر تحقيقاً بل تقريباً كالاثنين والثلاثة.
معقودة: عند الفقهاء من أنواع اليمين وتسمى منعقدة أيضاً (محيط المحيط).
معقودية: من العسكر جماعة منه خلفه معدة لنجدته عند الحاجة، مولدة. (محيط المحيط).
اعتقادي: منسوب إلى العقيدة وهي ما يقصد به الاعتقاد دون العمل كعقيدة وجود الله وبعثة الرسل. (بوشر).
معتقد: عزم، نية، تصميم، قصد. (دي ساسي ديب 9: 494).
منعقدة: انظر معقودة.

عقد

1 عَقَدَ الحَبْلَ, (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـِ (L, Msb, K,) inf. n. عَقْدٌ (Mgh, L, Msb) and تَعْقَادٌ [of which see an ex. in a verse cited voce رَتَمٌ, and which is properly an intensive or a frequentative form]; and ↓ عقّدهُ [which is also intensive or frequentative, inf. n. تَعْقِيدٌ]; and ↓ اعتقدهُ; (L;) He tied the cord, or rope; knit it; complicated it so as to form a knot or knots; tied it in a knot or knots; tied it firmly, fast, or strongly; contr. of حَلَّهُ; (L;) syn. شَدَّهُ: (K:) the etymologists assert that the primary signification of عَقْدٌ is the contr. of حَلٌّ: that it was afterwards used in relation to sales, or bargains, contracts, &c.: and then, in relation to a firm determination of the mind. (MF.) [عَقَدَ لَهُ لِوَآءً He tied for him a banner, to a spear, is said of a man on appointing him to a command.] and one says, عَقَدَ حَبْلَهُ meaning (assumed tropical:) He exerted and prepared himself for action &c.: and لَا يَعْقِدُ الحَبْلَ (assumed tropical:) He is incompetent, or lacks power or ability, to do a thing, by reason of his abject state. (L.) b2: عَقَدَ البَيْعَ, and العَهْدَ, (S, L, Msb, * K, &c.,) and اليَمِينَ, (L, Msb,) aor. as above, (L, K,) inf. n. عَقْدٌ; (L;) and العَهْدَ ↓ عقّد, (L,) and اليَمِينَ, (L, Msb,) which latter form of the verb has a more energetic signification; (Msb;) He concluded, settled, confirmed, or ratified, the sale, or bargain, and the contract, compact, covenant, agreement, or league, (L, Msb, K,) and the oath. (L, Msb.) In the phrase وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ

أَيْمَانُكُمْ, or ↓ عَقَّدَتْ, or ↓ عَاقَدَتْ, accord. to different readings, in the Kur [iv. 37], by the verb is meant ratification; and by ايمانكم, your oaths, or your right hands: (L:) [i. e., accord. to the first and second readings, the meaning is, and those whose contracts, or the like, (عُهُودَهُمْ being understood,) your oaths, or your right hands, have ratified: and accord. to the third reading, and those with whom (هُمْ being understood) your oaths, or your right hands have ratified a contract, or the like.] One says also, عَقَدَ عَلَيْهِمْ عُقُودًا He imposed upon them obligations. (L.) And عَقَدَ الجِزْيَةَ فِى عُنُقِهِ He imposed upon himself the obligation to pay the [tax called] جزية. (L, from a trad.) And عَقَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ فِى كَذَا, and فى كذا ↓ عَاقَدْتُهُ, I obliged him to do such a thing, by taking, or exacting, from him an engagement, or a security. (L.) عَقَدَ قَلْبَهُ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ [He settled, or determined, his heart, or mind, firmly upon the thing; (see the first sentence of this art.; and see also عَزَمَ;)] he held, adhered, or clave, to the thing [with his heart, or mind; he knit his heart to it]. (L.) See also 8. b3: عَقَدَتْ بِذَنَبِهَا, said of a she-camel, (S, O, L,) She twisted her tail, as though tying it in a knot: (L:) this she does to make it known that she has conceived. (S, O, L.) b4: عَقَدَ لِحْيَتَهُ He dressed his beard so as to make it knotted, and crisp, or curly: this they used to do in wars, and their doing so was forbidden by the Prophet: (O, L:) they did it from a motive of pride and self-conceit. (L.) b5: عَقَدَ نَاصِيَتَهُ [lit. He knotted his forelock] means (assumed tropical:) he was angry, and prepared himself to do evil, or mischief. (A, O, L.) [See 2.] b6: عَقَدَ عُنُقَهُ

إِلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) He had recourse, betook himself, or repaired, to him, for refuge, or protection; (O, L, K; *) heard by Is-hák Ibn-Faraj from an Arab of the desert: (L:) and so عَكَدَهَا. (O.) b7: عَقَدَ, (K,) or عَقَدَ بِأَصَابِعِهِ, (O,) or عَقَدَ الحِسَابَ, (MA,) aor. ـِ (O, TA,) inf. n. عَقْدٌ, (TA,) He numbered, counted, or reckoned, (M, A, O, K,) with his fingers [by bending their tips down upon the palm, one after another, commencing with the little finger, and then by extending them in like manner]. (MA, O.) b8: عَقَدَ فَمُ الفَرْجِ عَلَى المَآءِ [The mouth of the vulva closed upon the sperma of the male]. (O.) b9: عُقِدَتِ السِّبَاعُ (assumed tropical:) The beasts, or birds, of prey were restrained from injuring the cattle, and the like, by means of charms and talismans. (L, from a trad.) b10: عَقَدَ التَّاجَ فَوْقَ رَأْسِهِ, and ↓ اعتقدهُ, He put the crown upon his head. (L.) b11: عَقَدَ البِنَآءَ, (A, L,) [aor. ـِ inf. n. عَقْدٌ; (L;) and ↓ عقّدهُ, (A, O, L, K,) inf. n. تَعْقِيدٌ; (L;) He arched [or vaulted] the building, or structure. (A, O, L, K.) b12: And عَقَدَ البِنَآءَ بِالجِصِّ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَقْدٌ, He cemented the building, or structure, with gypsum. (L.) b13: عَقَدَ ثَمَرَهُ, said of a plant, (M in art. ثمر,) or ↓ عقّدهُ, (K in that art., [in the CK عقّد ثَمَرُهُ,]) and عَقَدَ alone, (A, O, K, in art. حبل, [see 4 in that art. and also in art. علف,]) [It organized and compacted, or compactly organized, its fruit; and in like manner each verb is said of a fruit in relation to a fruit-stone, such as that of a date, and of a peach, &c.]. b14: لَا تَعْقِدُ عَلَيْهِ السَّائِمَةُ شَحْمًا وَلَا لَحْمًا [The pasturing cattle will not make upon it fat nor flesh], said of a pasturage. (O in art. ضرع.) b15: عَقَدَ الشَّحْمُ The fat became formed and compacted, and became apparent. (L.) b16: عَقَدَ, (S, M, A, L, [in the O عَقِدَ, which is app. a mistranscription,]) aor. ـِ (M, L,) inf. n. عُقُودٌ; (A;) and ↓ تعقّد; (Ks, S, O, L, K;) and ↓ انعقد; (M, A, L;) said of rob, (Ks, S, O, M, A,) and of tar, (Ks, S, O,) and of honey, (M, A, O,) and of expressed juice of fresh ripe dates, (K,) and the like, (Ks, S, M, O,) [generally meaning when boiled,] It thickened; became thick, or inspissated. (Ks, S, M, A, O, L, K.) b17: [Hence, app.,] عَقَدَ بَطْنُهُ [His belly became constipated]. (M voce صَرَبَ, q. v.) A2: عَقِدَت, said of a bitch, (TK,) [aor. ـَ inf. n. عَقَدٌ, (O, L, K,) Her vulva clung fast to the head of the قَضِيب of the dog. (O, L, K, TK.) b2: عَقِدَ, said of the tongue, (S, O, K, *) aor. ـَ (S, [in the O عَقِدَ, an evident mistake,]) inf. n. عَقَدٌ, (S, O,) It had in it an impediment. (S, * O, * L, K. *) And, said of a man, He had an impediment in his tongue; was unable to speak freely; was tongue-tied. (TA.) b3: Also, said of sand, It became moistened in consequence of much rain [so as to cohere]. (L.) 2 عَقَّدَ see 1, first sentence. [Hence,] عَقَّدُوا النَّوَاصِىَ [They tied the forelocks of their horses in knots] on an occasion of war, or battle; it being customary on such an occasion to do thus to the hair of the mane and that of the tail. (W p. 140.) b2: See again 1, former half,. in two places: b3: and latter half also in two places. b4: See also 4. b5: عقّد كَلَامَهُ He rendered his speech, or language, obscure. (A, L.) And فِى كَلَامِهِ تَعْقِيدٌ In his speech, or language, is obscurity. (A.) 3 عَاقَدْتُهُ عَلَى كَذَا, (Msb,) inf. n. مُعَاقَدَةٌ, (S, O, L,) I united with him in a contract, a compact, a covenant, an agreement, a league, a treaty, or an engagement, or I covenanted with him, respecting, or to do, such a thing. (S, * O, * L, * Msb.) b2: See also 1, former half, in two places.4 اعقدهُ; (Ks, S, M, A, O, K;) and ↓ عقّدهُ, (S, O, L, K,) inf. n. تَعْقِيدٌ; (S, O, K;) but the former is the more approved, (L,) He thickened it; caused it to become thick, or inspissated; (Ks, S, M, A, O, K;) by boiling it; (O, K;) namely, rob, (Ks, S, O, M, L,) and tar, (Ks, S, O,) and honey, (M, A, O,) and the like. (Ks, S, M, O.) 5 تعقّد: see 7, first sentence. b2: See also 8, last quarter. b3: تَعَقَّدَتْ قَوْسُ قُزَحَ The rainbow became like a constructed arch (O, L, K) in the sky. (O, L.) And in like manner تعقّد is said of a collection of clouds (سَحَاب). (A, L.) b4: تَعَقُّدٌ in a well is The projecting of the lower part of the interior casing of stone, and the receding of the upper part thereof as far as the اِتِّسَاع of the well, (O, L, K,) which is its جِرَاب [app. here meaning the main portion of the well, from the water, or a little above this, to the mouth; this portion, it seems, being without casing]: (O, L:) thus expl. by El-Ahmar. (O.) b5: تعقّد said of sand, [as also ↓ انعقد, (S and O and K voce سَلَاسِلُ,)] It became accumulated, or congested. (S, K. *) And the former said of moist earth, It became contracted, and compacted in lumps. (L.) b6: And تعقّدت القَرْحَةُ [The wound, or ulcer, formed itself into a knot, or lump]. (K in art. جرذ: see 1 in that art.) b7: تعقّد said of rob, and of tar, and the like: see 1, last quarter.6 تعاقدوا They united in a contract, a compact, a covenant, an agreement, a league, a treaty, or an engagement, (S, O, K,) فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ [respecting the matter between them]. (S, O.) b2: تعاقدت الكِلَابُ The dogs stuck fast together in coupling. (S, O, K.) 7 انعقد, said of a cord, or rope, (S, O, L, Msb,) as also ↓ تعقّد, (S, * O, * L,) [but the latter has an intensive or a frequentative signification,] It became tied, knit, complicated so as to form a knot or knots, tied in a knot or knots, tied firmly or fast or strongly. (L.) b2: And the former, said of a sale or bargain, and of a contract or compact or the like, (S, O, L,) It was, or became, concluded, settled, confirmed, or ratified. (L.) One says, انعقد النِّكَاحُ بَيْنَ الزَّوْجَيْنِ The marriage was, or became, concluded, settled, &c., between the husband and wife. (L.) b3: Said of an animal's tail, It became twisted [as though tied in a knot]. (L.) b4: And said of hair, It became knotted, and crisp, or curly. (L.) b5: Said of the date [and other fruit, It became organized and compact, or compactly organized]. (K in art. بسر, &c.) See also 8, latter half. b6: Said of sand: see 5. b7: And said of rob, and of tar, and the like: see 1, last quarter.8 اعتقدهُ: see 1, first sentence: b2: and see also 1 in the latter half. b3: اعتقد كَذَا, (Msb,) or اعتقد كَذَا بِقَلْبِهِ, (S, O,) He settled, or determined, his heart, or mind, firmly upon such a thing; or he held, adhered, or clave, to such a thing with the heart, or mind; i. q. عَلَيْهِ ↓ عَقَدَ القَلْبَ وَالضَّمِيرَ; (Msb;) [he believed, or believed firmly, or was firmly persuaded of, such a thing: this is its most usual meaning;] he was, or became, certain, or sure, of such a thing. (PS.) [It is mostly used in relation to matters of religion, to religious dogmas and the like.] See also عَقِيدَةٌ. b4: اعتقد also signifies He acquired, (S, Mgh, O, L, K,) or bought, (A,) an estate consisting of land, or of land and a house, &c., (S, A, O, L, K,) or other property: (S, A, Mgh, O, L, K:) he collected property. (Mgh, * Msb.) Also, [without any objective complement expressed,] He bought what is termed عُقْدَة, i. e. an estate, or a property, consisting in land or houses. (L.) b5: And اعتقد أَخًا فِى اللّٰهِ He adopted a brother in God. (A.) b6: اعتقد الدُّرَّ, and الخَرَزَ, He made the pearls, and the beads, into a necklace; and in like manner, other things. (L.) A2: اعتقد said of a date-stone, (A,) or other thing, (S, O, L,) [as also ↓ انعقد, which frequently occurs in the lexicons &c. in the sense here following,] It became hard. (S, A, O, L.) b2: and hence, [so in the A,] اعتقد بَيْنَهُمَا الإِخَآءُ Fraternity became true, or sincere, and firmly established, between them two: (A:) and [in like manner]

↓ تعقّد it (i. e. fraternity) became firmly established. (L.) b3: And accord. to Ibn-Buzurj, اعتقد signifies He (a man) closed, or locked, a door upon himself, when in want, that he might die: (O:) thus Sh found in the Book of Ibn-Buzurj, i. e. اعتقد, with ق: (TA in art. عفد:) but others say that it is اعتفد, with ف: (O:) [or] اعتقد and اعتفد signify the same. (K.) 10 استعقدت She (a sow) desired the male. (O, K.) عَقْدٌ [as an inf. n.: see 1. b2: See also أُخْذَةٌ, which is syn. with the inf. n. تَأْخِيذٌ. b3: As a simple subst.,] see عُقْدَةٌ, third sentence. b4: Also A contract, a compact, a covenant, an agreement, a league, a treaty, or an engagement: (Mgh, O, L, K:) pl. عُقُودٌ. (O, L.) Agreeably with this explanation, the pl. is used in the Kur v. 1, as meaning Contracts, &c.: or it there means the obligatory statutes, or ordinances, of God: or, accord. to Zj, the covenants imposed by God, and those imposed mutually by men agreeably with the requirements of religion. (L.) And ↓ مَعَاقِدُ is used in the sense of عُقُودٌ: thus one says, بَيْنَهُمْ مَعَاقِدُ [Between them are contracts, compacts, &c.]. (A.) b5: Also Responsibility, accountableness, or suretiship; syn. ضَمَانٌ. (Ibn-'Arafeh, O, K.) b6: See also مَعْقُودٌ. b7: Also An arch; [and a vault;] a structure that is curved in like manner as are [in many instances] doorways: (A, * O, L, * K:) pl. عُقُودٌ (A, O, L, K) and أَعْقَادٌ [a pl. of pauc.]. (L.) [Hence,] أَعْقَادُ السَّحَابِ The arches of the clouds: sing. عَقْدٌ. (L.) b8: Applied to a he-camel, it means Having the back firmly compacted: (S, O, K:) and so القَرَا ↓ مَعْقُودَةُ applied to a she-camel. (S, A, O.) b9: [And A decimal number; of those numbers of which the first is ten and the last is ninety: (I have not found any satisfactory authority for the orthography of the word in this sense; and have therefore followed the general usage, in mentioning it as عَقْدٌ: in the MA, it is written عِقْدٌ, as from only one MS.; and Freytag has mentioned its pl. under عِقْدٌ; which I hold to be wrong:) the pl. is عُقُودٌ: thus in the A and K in art. عشر, it is said that العَشَرَةُ is the first of the عُقُود.]

عِقْدٌ A necklace; (S, O, Msb, K;) a string upon which beads are strung: (L, TA:) pl. عُقُودٌ: (O, L, Msb, K:) and ↓ مِعْقَادٌ signifies a string upon which beads are strung and which is hung upon the neck of a boy; (O, L, K;) as does عِقْدٌ also: (TA:) and ↓ عُقْدَةٌ, likewise, signifies a kind of necklace. (L.) عَقَدٌ [as an inf. n.: see 1, last four sentences. b2: Also] A twisting in the tail of a sheep or goat, as though it were knotted, or tied in a knot. (L.) And A twisting, or a knottiness, in the horn of a hegoat. (L.) b3: And A canker, corrosion, rottenness, or blackness, (syn. قَادِحٌ,) in teeth. (L.) b4: See also the next paragraph.

A2: And see عَقَدَانٌ.

عَقِدٌ: see أَعْقَدُ. b2: Also, applied to moist earth (ثَرًى), Contracted, and compacted in lumps: [said to be] in this sense a possessive epithet [as distinguished from a part. n.: but see 1, last sentence]. (L.) b3: And [as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, i. e. used as a subst.,] Sand accumulated, or congested; as also ↓ عَقَدٌ; (S, O, L, K;) the latter accord. to AA: (S, O:) n. un. of each with ة: (S, O, L, K:) pl. أَعْقَادٌ. (L.) See also عَقِصٌ, in two places. b4: رَوْضَةٌ عَقِدَةٌ A meadow of which the herbage is continuous, or uninterrupted. (O.) b5: عَقِدٌ applied to a camel, Short, and patient in endurance of labour: (IAar, O, K:) or, so applied, strong. (TA.) A2: And A kind of tree, the leaves of which consolidate wounds. (K.) عُقْدَةٌ A knot; a tie; (L, Msb;) pl. عُقَدٌ. (L.) [Hence النَّفَّاثَاتُ فِى العُقَدِ: see art. نفث. and العُقْدَةُ meaning (assumed tropical:) The star a Piscium; as being in the place of the knot of the two strings: the same, app., that is called الخَيْطَيْنِ ↓ عَقْدُ, mentioned by Freytag under عِقْدٌ. Hence also] one says, تحلّلت عُقَدُهُ [lit. His knots became loosed, or untied], meaning (assumed tropical:) his anger became appeased. (S, A, O, K.) And فِى عُقْدَتِهِ ضَعْفٌ (assumed tropical:) In his judgment and his consideration of his own affairs is a weakness. (TA.) And حَصِيفُ العُقْدَةِ, occurring in a letter of 'Omar, means (assumed tropical:) [Firm] in judgment, and in the management, conducting, ordering, or regulating, of affairs. (TA in art. حصف.) And فِى لِسَانِهِ عُقْدَةٌ (S, O, L, K *) (assumed tropical:) In his tongue is an impediment [as though it were tied], or a distortion. (L. [See عَقِدَ.]) b2: The knot, tie, or bond, (L,) or the obligation, (O, K,) of marriage, (O, L, K,) and of anything, (O, K,) as a sale and the like: (TA:) and the ratification (O, L, Msb) of marriage (O, Msb) &c., (Msb,) or of anything. (L.) It is said in a trad. relating to prayer, لَكَ مِنْ قُلُوبِنَا عُقْدَةُ النَّدَمِ, meaning [We offer to Thee, from our hearts,] the ratification of the resolution to repent. (L.) b3: A promise of obedience, or vow of allegiance, ratified to persons in acknowlegment of their being prefects, or governors: (O, L, K, * TA:) from عُقْدَةُ الحَبْلِ [the knot, or tie, of the cord or rope]: (O:) thus in the saying, in a trad. of Ubeí, هَلَكَ أَهْلُ العُقْدَةِ [Those who have received the promise of obedience &c. have perished; virtually meaning the same as the saying in the sentence here following]. (L.) And [hence also] The prefecture over, or government of, a town, country, province, or the like: pl. عُقَدٌ: (L, K, TA:) thus in the saying of 'Omar, هَلَكَ أَهْلُ العُقَدِ [The possessors of the prefectures &c. have perished]. (L.) b4: Also A place where a knot, or node, is formed: and [particularly] an uneven juncture (عَثْمٌ) [of a bone] in the arm: (S, O, K:) thus in the saying, جُبِرَتْ يَدُهُ عَلَى عُقْدَةٍ [His arm was set and joined unevenly, so that a node, or protuberance, was produced in the bone]: (S, O:) and in like manner one says, جَبَرَ عَظْمَهُ عَلَى عُقْدَةٍ He set and joined his bone unevenly. (L.) b5: [Hence also A joint, i. e. an articulation, of the fingers: and a bone of a finger, i. e. any one of the phalanges: it is used in both of these senses in the present day: and العُقْدَةُ مِنَ الأَصَابِعِ occurs in the Msb, in art. نمل, in explanation of الأَنْمَلَةُ; which is generally expl. as meaning “ the head of the finger,” or “ the portion in which is the nail. ” (See also مَعْقِدٌ.) b6: A knot, or joint, of a cane and the like. And what is termed A knot in the horn of a mountain-goat (as in the S and K in art. حيد) and the like. b7: A knot in a tree. b8: A node, of a plant, whence a leaf shoots forth: a bud, or gem, of a plant: and any fruit, or produce, of a plant, forming a compact and roundish head; by some termed حَسَكَةٌ, n. un. of حَسَكٌ, q. v. b9: العُقْدَتَانِ signifies The nodes of a planet. (See تِنَّينٌ.) b10: And عُقْدَةٌ signifies also Any small nodous lump; such as the substance of a ganglion; see غُدَّةٌ: and a gland, or glandular body; see غُنْدُبَةٌ. And A knob in a general sense. b11: And hence,] The penis of a dog (IAar, A, O, L, K) compressus in coitu, et extremitate turgens: otherwise it is not thus called: (IAar, O, L:) and when this is the case, the epithet ↓ أَعْقَدُ is applied to the dog. (IAar, O.) A2: Also An estate consisting of land, or of land and a house, or of a house or land yielding a revenue, or of a house and palm-trees, or the like, syn. ضَيْعَةٌ, (S, A, O, L, K,) and عَقَارٌ, which a person has acquired (اِعْتَقَدَهُ) as a possession. (O, L, K.) b2: Any land abounding with herbage (K, TA) and with trees. (TA.) A place abounding with trees or palm-trees; (S;) or with trees and palm-trees; (O, L, K;) or with trees of the kinds called رِمْث and عَرْفَج, or, accord. to some, not of the latter kind, (L, TA,) serving for pasturage: (TA:) or a garden of many palm-trees, surrounded by a wall: and a town, or village, abounding with palm-trees, the crows of which are not made to fly away: (Ibn-Habeeb, L:) [whence] it is said in a prov., آلَفُ مِنْ غُرَابِ عُقْدَةٍ

[More familiar than the crow of a place abounding with trees or palm-trees]; because its crow is not made to fly away, (S, O, L, K, [or, as in some copies of the S and K, does not fly away,]) on account of the abundance of its trees; (K;) [or مِنْ غُرَابِ عُقْدَةَ than the crow of ' Okdeh; for]

عُقْدَة is perfectly decl. as a name for any fruitful land, and is imperfectly decl. as a proper name of a particular land (O, K) abounding with palmtrees. (O.) Also Herbage, or pasturage, sufficient for camels: (O, K:) or a place abounding with herbage, or pasturage, sufficient for cattle. (TA.) And Pasturage such as is termed جَنْبَة, (O, L, K, [in the CK جَنَبَة, and in my MS. copy of the K جُنْبَة,]) remaining from the next preceding year; also termed عُرْوَةٌ: (O, L:) or remains of pasturage: (L:) pl. عُقَدٌ (O, L) and عِقَادٌ. (L.) And accord. to the copies of the K, it signifies also Camels, or cattle, that are constrained to feed upon trees: but [this is evidently a mistake; for] it is said in the L, [as also in the O,] sometimes camels, or cattle, are constrained to feed upon trees, and these [trees] are termed عُقْدَة and عُرْوَة; but while the جَنْبَة exists, the trees are not termed عُقْدَة nor عُرْوَة. (TA.) b3: Also Anything whereby a man feels himself to be well established, and whereon he relies; from the same word signifying “ a garden of many palmtrees, surrounded by a wall; ” because, when a man has this, he considers his condition to be well established: (L, TA:) or a thing, (K, TA,) or an estate consisting of land or of land and a house &c., (عَقَارٌ, O,) in which is a sufficiency for a man: (O, K, TA:) pl. عُقَدٌ. (TA.) A3: See also عِقْدٌ.

عَقَدَةٌ The root of the tongue; (O, K;) as also عَكَدَةٌ [q. v.]; (O;) i. e. the thick part thereof. (TA.) b2: Also n. un. of عَقَدٌ as applied to sand. (S, O, L, K. [See عَقِدٌ.]) عَقِدَةٌ n. un. of عَقِدٌ [q. v.] as applied to sand. (S, O, L, K.) عَقَدَانٌ A species, or sort, of dates; (O, L, K; *) as also ↓ عَقَدٌ. (L.) عَقِيدٌ i. q. ↓ مُعَاقِدٌ, (S, O, K,) One who unites, or joins, in a contract, a compact, a covenant, an agreement, a league, a treaty, or an engagement: (K, TA:) a confederate. (TA.) One says, هُوَ عَقِيدُ الكَرَمِ and اللُّؤْمِ [He is bound by nature to generosity and to meanness]: (S, O, K:) the former is said of him who is by nature generous; and the latter, of him who is by nature mean. (TK.) b2: Also, (S, M, A, O,) and ↓ مُعْقَدٌ, (M,) and ↓ مُعَقَّدٌ, (A,) applied to rob, (S, M, A,) and honey, (M, A, O,) and the like, (S, M, A,) Thick, or thickened, or inspissated. (S, M, A, O. *) عَقِيدَةٌ [A doctrine, or the like, upon which one's mind is firmly settled or determined; or to which one holds, adheres, or cleaves, with the heart, or mind; a belief, or firm belief or persuasion; a creed; an article of belief; a religious tenet; i. e.]

مَا يَدِينُ الإِنْسَانُ بِهِ: (Msb:) [see اِعْتَقَدَ كَذَا, in connection with which it is mentioned in the Msb: pl. عَقَائِدُ: and ↓ مُعْتَقَدٌ signifies the same as عَقِيدَةٌ; pl. مُعْتَقَدَاتٌ: so too does ↓ اِعْتِقَادٌ, an inf. n. used in the sense of a pass. part. n.; pl. اِعْتِقَادَاتٌ.] One says, لَهُ عَقِيدَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ [He has a good belief]; meaning he has an عقيدة free from doubt. (Msb.) [See also مَعْقُودٌ.]

عَاقِدٌ A she-camel that has confessed herself to have conceived; (S, O, K;) or that has closed her vulva upon the sperma of the stallion; (L;) for she then twists her tail as if tying it in a knot, and it is thereby known that she has conceived: (S, O, L:) and a she-camel twisting her tail as if tying it in a knot, (L,) or that has so twisted her tail, (O,) on the occasion of her conceiving; (O, L;) in order that it may be known that she has conceived: (O:) pl. عَوَاقِدُ. (L.) b2: And A she-gazelle having the end of her tail twisted [as if tied in a knot]: or bending her neck in lying down: or raising her head in fear for herself and her young one. (L.) And A gazelle putting his neck upon his rump, (O, L,) having bent it to sleep: (TA:) or having put his neck upon his rump: (K:) pl. as above. (O, L.) b3: And one says, جَآءَ عَاقِدًا عُنُقَهُ, meaning He came twisting his neck by reason of pride. (A, O, L.) b4: عَاقِدٌ is also applied as an epithet to أَقِط [q. v.] meaning That of which the water has gone, and which is thoroughly cooked. (AHát, TA voce كَثْءٌ.) A2: Also The [space called the] حَرِيم [q. v.] of a well; (S, M, O, K;) and what is around it, (مَا حَوْلَهُ, S, M, TA,) i. e. what is around the حريم: in the K [and O], ما حُوْلَهَا, i. e. what is around the well; but the former is the right. (TA.) عِنْقَادٌ: see what next follows.

عُنْقُودٌ and ↓ عِنْقَادٌ (S, O, L, Msb, K, &c.) A raceme, or bunch, (Mgh voce عِثْكَالٌ,) of grapes, (S, O, L, Msb, K,) and the like, (Msb,) as of dates, (Mgh ubi suprà, and ISh in art. ثفرق of the TA,) and of [the fruit of] the أَرَاك, and بُطْم, (O, K,) and the like: (K:) pl. عَنَاقِيدُ. (S, O, L, &c.) أَعْقَدُ A wolf, (O, L, K,) and a dog, and a ram, and any other animal, (L.) having a twisted tail [as though it were tied in a knot]: (O, L, K:) and [the fem.] عَقْدَآءُ, a sheep or goat (شَاة) having a twisted tail as though it were knotted or tied in a knot. (S, * L, K. *) And الأَعْقَدُ signifies The dog; (S, O, L, K;) a well-known name thereof; (S, O, L;) because of his tail's being twisted as though it were tied in a knot. (S, L.) b2: And A crooked tail. (L.) b3: And A stallion [app. of the camels] that raises his tail; which he does by reason of sprightliness. (L.) b4: And A he-goat having a twist, or a knot, in his horn. (L.) b5: For one of its meanings as an epithet applied to a dog, see عُقْدَةٌ, latter half. b6: Also, and ↓ عَقِدٌ, A man having an impediment in his tongue; unable to speak freely; tongue-tied. (S, * O, * L, K. *) b7: And لَئِيمٌ أَعْقَدُ A mean man, of difficult, or stubborn, disposition. (ISk, O, L.) b8: And [the fem.]

عَقْدَآءُ signifies A female slave. (AA, O, K.) مَعْقِدٌ The place of the عَقْد [or tying, &c.,] of a thing: (Msb:) pl. مَعَاقِدُ. (S, O: in which this is similarly explained.) مَعْقِدُ حَبْلٍ signifies The place of a cord, or rope, where it is tied, knit, or tied in a knot or knots. (L.) [Hence,] one says, هُوَ مِنِّى مَعْقِدَ الإِزَارِ [lit. He is, in respect of me, in the place of the tying of the waistwrapper], meaning he is near to me in station, standing, or grade: (S, O, L, K:) and in like manner, مَقْعَدَ القَابِلَةِ: (TA:) مَعْقِدَ الإِزَارِ being an adverbial phrase having a special application, but used as one not having such an application. (L.) b2: And A joint, an articulation, or a place of juncture between two bones. (L. [See also عُقْدَةٌ, in the latter part of the former half.]) b3: أَسْأَلُكَ بِمَعَاقِدِ العِزِّ مِنْ عَرْشِكَ i. e. I ask Thee by the properties wherein consists the title of thy throne to glory, or by the places wherein those properties are [as it were] knit together, properly meaning by the glory of thy throne, is a phrase used in prayer, of which, IAth says, the party of Aboo-Haneefeh disapprove. (L.) b4: For another meaning of the pl., مَعَاقِدُ, see عَقْدٌ.

مُعْقَدٌ: see عَقِيدٌ.

مُعَقَدٌ [Tied in many knots]. One says خُيُوطٌ مُعَقَّدَةٌ [Threads, or strings, tied in many knots]: the latter word being with teshdeed to denote muchness, or multiplicity. (S, O, L.) b2: and [hence] applied to language, (S, O, L, K,) as meaning Rendered obscure: (S, O, L:) or [simply] obscure. (K.) b3: See also مَعْقُودٌ. b4: and see عَقِيد. b5: It also occurs in a trad. as meaning A sort of بُرْد, of the manufacture of Hejer. (L.) مُعَقِّدٌ [Tying a number of knots or many knots: as enchanters used to do. (See نَفَثَ.) b2: and hence,] An enchanter. (A, O, K.) مِعْقَادٌ: see عِقْدٌ.

مَعْقُودٌ A cord, or rope, tied, knit, complicated into a knot or knots, or tied firmly, fast, or strongly. (L.) الخَيْلُ مَعْقُودٌ فِى نَوَاصِيهَا الخَيْرُ, a saying occurring in a trad., means Good fortune cleaves to the forelocks of horses as though it were tied to them. (L.) b2: Also A sale, or bargain, and a contract, a compact, or the like, concluded, settled, confirmed, or ratified. (L.) b3: لَيْسَ لَهُ مَعْقُودٌ means رَأْىٍ ↓ ليس له عَقْدُ [i. e. He has not any settled, or determined, opinion or judgment]. (S, O, K.) b4: بِنَآءٌ مَعْقُودٌ A building, or structure, [arched, or vaulted, or] having arches, like those of [many] doorways; (A, O, K;) as also ↓ مُعَقَّدٌ. (A.) b5: مَعْقُودَةُ القَرَا: see عَقْدٌ.

مُعَاقِدٌ: see عَقِيدٌ.

مُعْتَقَدٌ: see عَقِيدَةٌ.

يَمِينٌ مُنْعَقِدَةٌ An oath to do, or to abstain from doing, a thing in the future. (KT.) يَعْقِيدٌ, asserted by some to be the only word in the language of the measure يَفْعِيلٌ except يَعْضِيدٌ, (O,) Honey thickened, or inspissated, (O, L, K,) by means of fire: (O, K:) and (as some say, L) food, or wheat, (طَعَام,) made thick with honey. (O, L, K.)

(ز و ج) : (الزَّوْجُ) الشَّكْلُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى وَقَالَ الْفُورَانِيُّ الزَّوْجُ شَكْلٌ لَهُ قَرِينٌ مِنْ نَظِيرٍ كَالذَّكَرِ وَالْأُنْثَى أَوْ نَقِيضٌ كَالرَّطْبِ وَالْيَابِسِ وَقِيلَ كُلُّ لَوْنٍ وَصِنْفٍ زَوْجٌ وَهُوَ اسْمٌ لِلْفَرْدِ وَقَالَ ابْنُ دُرَيْدٍ كُلُّ اثْنَيْنِ زَوْجٌ ضِدُّ الْفَرْدِ وَقَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ الزَّوْجُ وَاحِدٌ وَيَكُونُ اثْنَيْنِ وَحَكَى الْأَزْهَرِيُّ عَنْ ابْنِ شُمَيْلٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ الزَّوْجُ اثْنَانِ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَأَنْكَرَ النَّحْوِيُّونَ مَا قَالَ وَعَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى أَنَّهُ إنَّمَا قِيلَ لِلْوَاحِدِ زَوْجٌ وَلِلِاثْنَيْنِ زَوْجٌ لِأَنَّهُ لَا يَكُونُ زَوْجٌ إلَّا وَمَعَهُ آخَرُ مِثْلُ اسْمِهِ وَقَالَ ابْنُ الْأَنْبَارِيِّ الْعَامَّةُ تُخْطِئُ فَتَظُنُّ أَنَّ الزَّوْجَ اثْنَانِ وَلَيْسَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ مَذَاهِبِ الْعَرَبِ إذْ كَانُوا لَا يَتَكَلَّمُونَ بِالزَّوْجِ مُوَحَّدًا فِي مِثْلِ قَوْلِهِمْ زَوْجُ حَمَامٍ وَلَكِنْ يُثَنُّونَهُ فَيَقُولُونَ عِنْدِي زَوْجَانِ مِنْ الْحَمَامِ وَزَوْجَانِ مِنْ الْخِفَافِ وَلَا يَقُولُونَ لِلْوَاحِدِ مِنْ الطَّيْرِ زَوْجٌ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ لِلِاثْنَيْنِ ذَكَرٍ وَأُنْثَى زَوْجَانِ بَلْ يَقُولُونَ لِلذَّكَرِ فَرْدٌ وَلِلْأُنْثَى فَرْدَةٌ وَقَالَ شَيْخُنَا الْوَاحِدُ إذَا كَانَ وَحْدَهُ فَهُوَ فَرْدٌ وَإِذَا كَانَ مَعَهُ غَيْرُهُ مِنْ جِنْسِهِ سُمِّيَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا زَوْجًا وَهُمَا زَوْجَانِ بِدَلِيلِ قَوْله تَعَالَى {خَلَقَ الزَّوْجَيْنِ الذَّكَرَ وَالأُنْثَى} [النجم: 45] وَقَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {ثَمَانِيَةَ أَزْوَاجٍ} [الأنعام: 143] أَلَا تَرَى كَيْفَ فُسِّرَتْ بِقَوْلِهِ {مِنَ الضَّأْنِ اثْنَيْنِ وَمِنَ الْمَعْزِ اثْنَيْنِ} [الأنعام: 143] {وَمِنَ الإِبِلِ اثْنَيْنِ وَمِنَ الْبَقَرِ اثْنَيْنِ} [الأنعام: 144] قَالَ وَنَحْوُ تَسْمِيَتِهِمْ الْفَرْدَ بِالزَّوْجِ بِشَرْطِ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَعَهُ آخَرُ مِنْ جِنْسِهِ تَسْمِيَتُهُمْ الزُّجَاجَةَ كَأْسًا بِشَرْطِ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِيهَا خَمْرٌ وَعِنْدَ الْحُسَّابِ الزَّوْج خِلَافُ الْفَرْدِ كَالْأَرْبَعَةِ وَالثَّمَانِيَةِ فِي خِلَافِ الثَّلَاثَةِ وَالسَّبْعَةِ مَثَلًا يَقُولُونَ زَوْجٌ أَوْ فَرْدٌ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ خَسًا أَوْ زَكًا شَفْعٌ أَوْ وِتْرٌ وَعَلَى ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ أَبِي وَجْزَةَ السَّعْدِيِّ
مَا زِلْنَ يَنْسُبْنَ وَهْنًا كُلَّ صَادِقَةٍ ... بَاتَتْ تُبَاشِرُ عُرْمًا غَيْرَ أَزْوَاجِ
لِأَنَّ بَيْضَ الْقَطَاةِ لَا يَكُونُ إلَّا وِتْرًا وَيُقَالُ هُوَ زَوْجُهَا وَهِيَ زَوْجُهُ وَقَدْ يُقَال زَوْجَتُهُ بِالْهَاءِ وَفِي جَمْعِهِ زَوْجَاتٌ وَقَالَ الْفَرَزْدَقُ
وَإِنَّ الَّذِي يَسْعَى لِيُفْسِدَ زَوْجَتِي ... كَسَاعٍ إلَى أُسْدِ الشَّرَى يَسْتَبِيلُهَا
وَأَنْشَدَ ابْنُ السِّكِّيتِ
يَا صَاح بَلِّغْ ذَوِي الزَّوْجَاتِ كُلِّهِمْ ... أَنْ لَيْسَ وَصْلٌ إذَا انْحَلَّتْ عُرَى الذَّنَبِ
وَالْأَوَّلُ هُوَ الِاخْتِيَارُ بِدَلِيلِ مَا نَطَقَ بِهِ التَّنْزِيلُ {أَمْسِكْ عَلَيْكَ زَوْجَكَ} [الأحزاب: 37] {اسْكُنْ أَنْتَ وَزَوْجُكَ} [البقرة: 35] {وَإِنْ أَرَدْتُمُ اسْتِبْدَالَ زَوْجٍ مَكَانَ زَوْجٍ} [النساء: 20] {وَأَزْوَاجُهُ أُمَّهَاتُهُمْ} [الأحزاب: 6] {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ قُلْ لأَزْوَاجِكَ} [الأحزاب: 28] قَالَ ابْنُ يُونُسَ وَابْنُ السِّكِّيتِ وَتَقُولُ الْعَرَبُ زَوَّجْتُهُ إيَّاهُ وَتَزَوَّجْتُ امْرَأَةً وَلَيْسَ مِنْ كَلَامِهِمْ تَزَوَّجْتُ بِامْرَأَةٍ وَلَا زَوَّجْتُ مِنْهُ امْرَأَةً وَأَمَّا قَوْله تَعَالَى {وَزَوَّجْنَاهُمْ بِحُورٍ عِينٍ} [الدخان: 54] فَمَعْنَاهُ قَرَنَّاهُمْ وَقَالَ الْفَرَّاءُ تَزَوَّجْتُ بِامْرَأَةٍ لُغَةٌ فِي أَزْدِ شَنُوءَةَ وَبِهَذَا صَحَّ اسْتِعْمَالُ الْفُقَهَاءِ.

زوج

2 زوّج شَيْئًا بِشَىْءٍ, and زوّجهُ إِلَيْهِ, [inf. n. تَزْوِيجٌ,] He coupled, or paired, a thing with a thing; united it to it as its fellow, or like. (TA.) So in the Kur [xliv. 54 and lii. 20], زَوَّجْنَاهُمْ بِحُورٍ عِينٍ

We will couple them, or pair them, [with females having eyes like those of gazelles:] (S, Mgh, K, TA:) the meaning is not the تَزْوِيج commonly known, [i. e. marriage,] for there will be no [such] تزويج in Paradise. (MF, TA.) And so in the Kur [lxxxi. 7], وَإِذَا النُّفُوسُ زُوِّجَتْ and when the souls shall be coupled, or paired, or united with their fellows: (TA:) i. e., with their bodies: (Bd, Jel:) or, each with its register: (Bd:) or with its works: (Bd, TA:) or the souls of the believers with the حُور, and those of the unbelievers with the devils: (Bd:) or when each sect, or party, shall be united with those whom it has followed. (TA.) And so in the phrase, زَوَّجْتُ إِبِلِى I coupled, or paired, my camels, one with another: (A:) or زَوَّجْتُ بَيْنَ الإِبِلِ I coupled, or paired, every one of the camels with another. (TA.) So too in the Kur [xlii. 49], أَوْ يُزَوِّجُهُمْ ذُكْرَانًا وَإِنَاثًا Or He maketh them couples, or pairs, males and females: or, accord. to AM, maketh them of different sorts [or sexes], males and females: for b2: تَزْوِيجٌ signifies [also] The making to be of different sorts or species [&c.]. (TA.) b3: زَوَّجْتُهُ امْرَأَةً, (T, S, A, * Mgh, Msb, K,) thus the Arabs say accord. to Yoo (S, Mgh) and ISK, (Mgh,) making the verb doubly trans. by itself, [without a particle,] meaning I married him, or gave him in marriage, to a woman; (Msb, TA;) as also بِامْرَأَةٍ; (A, K;) Akh says that this is allowable [app. as being of the dial. of Azd-Shanooäh (see 5)]: (Msb, TA:) [when the verb is trans. by means of بِ, it generally has the meaning expl. in the first sentence of this art.:] زَوَّجْتُ مِنْهُ امْرَأَةً is not of the language of the Arabs: (T, Mgh, TA:) [but see a similar phrase in a verse cited in art. حصن, conj. 4:] the lawyers say, زَوَّجْتُهُ مِنْهَا [meaning I married him to her]; but this is a phrase for which there is no reasonable way of accounting, unless that it is accord. to the opinion of those who hold that مِنْ may be redundant in an affirmative proposition, or that of those who hold that it may be substituted for بِ. (Msb.) 3 زاوجهُ, [inf. n. مُزَاوَجَةٌ and زِوَاجٌ] It, or he, was, or became, a couple, or pair, with it, or him: or made a coupling, or pairing, with it, or him. (MA.) [And زَاوَجَا They two formed together a couple, or pair.] b2: [And زاوجا, inf. n. as above, They married each other.] You say, هُذَيْلٌ يُزَاوِجُ عِكْرِمَةَ [The tribe of Hudheyl intermarry with that of 'Ikrimeh]. (A. [See also 6.]) b3: زاوج بَيْنَهُمَا and ↓ ازوج (tropical:) [He made them two (referring to sentences or phrases) to have a mutual resemblance in their prose-rhymes, or in measure: or to be connected, each with the other; or dependent, each on the other]. (A, TA.) See also 8, in three places.4 أَزْوَجَ see the next preceding paragraph.5 تَزَوَّجْتُ امْرَأَةً, (T, S, A, * Mgh, Msb, K,) thus the Arabs say accord. to Yoo (S, Mgh) and ISK, (Mgh,) meaning I married a woman; i. e., took a woman in marriage; took her as my wife; (Msb, TA;) as also بِامْرَأَةٍ; (A, * K;) or this is rare; (K;) Akh says that it is allowable; (Msb, TA;) and it is said to be of the dial. of AzdShanooäh, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) by Fr; (S, TA;) but accord. to Yoo (S, Mgh) and ISK, (Mgh,) it is not of the language of the Arabs. (T, S, Mgh.) And تزوّج فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ (A, Msb, TA) He married, or took a wife, among the sons of such a one. (Msb, TA.) And تزوّج إِلَيْهِ i. q. خَاتَنَهُ [He allied himself to him by marriage]. (K in art. ختن.) b2: [Hence,] تزوّجهُ النَّوْمُ (assumed tropical:) Sleep pervaded him; syn. خَالَطَهُ. (K.) 6 تزاوج القَوْمُ and ↓ اِزْدَوَجُوا The people, or party, married one another; intermarried. (TA. [See also 3.]) b2: See also the next paragraph, in three places.8 اِزْدَوَجَتِ الطَّيْرُ [The birds coupled, or paired, one with another]. (TA.) b2: See also 6. b3: اِزْدَوَجَا and ↓ تَزَاوَجَا [and ↓ زَاوَجَا], said of two phrases, or sentences, (A, TA,) (tropical:) They bore a mutual resemblance in their prose-rhymes, or in measure: or were connected, each with the other; or dependent, each on the other: and in like manner, ازدوج and ↓ تزاوج, said of a phrase, or sentence, (tropical:) It was such that one part of it resembled another in the prose-rhyme, or in the measure: or consisted of two propositions connected, each with the other; or dependent, each on the other: (TA:) اِزْدِوَاجٌ and ↓ مُزَاوَجَةٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ تَزَاوُجٌ (S) are syn.: (S, A, * K:) ازدواج signifies A conformity, or mutual resemblance, [with respect to sound, or measure,] of two words occurring near together; as in the phrase مِنْ سَبَأٍ بِنَبَأٍ

[in the Kur xxvii. 22]: (Kull p. 31:) and this is also termed ↓ مُزَاوَجَةٌ and مُحَاذَاةٌ and مُوَازَنَةٌ and مُقَابَلَةٌ and مُؤَازَاةٌ. (Marginal note in a copy of the Muzhir, 22nd نوع.) زَاجٌ [Vitriol;] a well-known kind of salt; (K, TA;) called شَبٌّ يَمَانِىٌّ; [but see شَبٌّ;] which is a medicinal substance, and one of the ingredients of ink: (Lth, TA:) [pl. زَاجَاتٌ, meaning species, or sorts, of vitriol; namely, green, or sulphate of iron, which is an ingredient in ink, and is generally meant by the term زاج when unrestricted by an epithet; blue, or sulphate of copper; and white, or sulphate of zinc:] it is a Pers\. word, (S,) arabicized, (S, K,) originally زاگ. (TA.) زَوْجٌ primarily signifies A sort of thing of any kind [that is one of a pair or couple]: and زَوْجَانِ signifies a pair, or couple, i. e. any two things paired or coupled together, whether they be likes or contraries: زَوْجٌ signifying either one of such two things: (Az, TA:) or, accord. to 'Alee Ibn-'Eesà, a sort of thing [absolutely]: (Mgh:) or a sort of thing having its like, (El-Ghooree, Mgh, Msb,) as in the case of species; (Msb;) or having its contrary, (El-Ghooree, Mgh, Msb,) as the moist and the dry, and the male and the female, and the night and the day, and the bitter and the sweet; (Msb;) though sometimes applied to any sort of thing; and to a single thing: (El-Ghooree, Mgh:) or it is applied to a single thing only when having with it a thing of the same kind; (Mgh, Msb;) زَوْجَانِ signifying a pair, or couple, of such things: (Mgh:) the pl. is أَزْوَاجِ: (TA:) you say زَوْجَانِ مِنْ حَمَامٍ and زَوْجَا حَمَامٍ [A pair of pigeons]: (A:) and اِشْتَرَيْتُ زَوْجَى حَمَامٍ [I bought a pair of pigeons], meaning a male and a female: (S:) and زَوْجَا نِعَالٍ [A pair of sandals]: (S, A:) and in like manner زَوْجَيْنِ is used in the Kur xi. 42 and xxiii. 28; (S;) meaning a male and a female: (Bd, Jel:) or, accord. to the M, زَوْجٌ signifies one of a pair or couple: and also a pair or couple together: (TA:) and in like manner says AO, (Mgh, Msb,) and IKt, and IF: (Msb:) and ISh says that it signifies two; (Mgh;) and so says IDrd: (Msb:) so that you say, هُمَا زَوْجٌ as well as هُمَا زَوْجَانِ [meaning They two are a pair, or couple]; (S, K, TA;) like as you say, هُمَا سَوَآءٌ and هُمَا سِيَّانِ: (S, TA:) and عِنْدِى زَوْجُ نِعَالٍ, meaning [I have] two [sandals]; and زَوْجَانِ, meaning four: (Msb:) or زَوْجُ حَمَامٍ as meaning a male and a female [of pigeons] is a phrase which should not be used; one to which the vulgar are addicted: (TA:) IAmb says, the vulgar are wrong in thinking that زَوْجٌ signifies two; for the Arabs used not to employ such a phrase as زَوْجُ حَمَامٍ, but used to say زَوْجَانِ مِنَ الحَمَامِ, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) meaning a male and a female; (TA;) and زَوْجَانِ مِنَ الخِفَافِ, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) meaning the right and the left [of boots]: (TA:) nor did they apply the term زَوْجٌ to one of birds, like as they applied the dual, زَوْجَانِ, to two; but they applied the term فَرْدٌ to the male, and فَرْدَةٌ to the female: (Mgh, Msb:) Es-Sijistánee, also, says that the term زَوْجٌ should not be applied to two, neither of birds nor of other things, for this is a usage of the ignorant; but to every two, زَوْجَانِ: (Msb:) Az says that the grammarians disapprove the saying of ISh that زَوْجٌ signifies two of any things, (Mgh, * TA,) and that زَوْجَانِ مِنْ خِفَافٍ signifies [Two pairs of boots, or] four [boots]; for زَوْجٌ with them signifies one [of a pair or couple]: a man and his wife [together] are termed زَوْجَانِ: and ثَمَانِيَةَ أَزْوَاجٍ in the Kur [vi. 144 and xxxix. 8] means Eight ones [of pairs or couples]: the primary meaning of زَوْجٌ being that first mentioned in this paragraph; (TA:) in the Kur xxii. 5 and 1. 7 [it seems to be implied that it means pair or couple; but more probably in these instances] it means sort, or species: (Bd, Jel:) it is also expl. by the word لَوْنٌ [used in this last sense]: (T, TA;) in the Kur xxxviii. 58, its pl. أَزْوَاجٌ means أَلْوَانٌ and أَنْوَاعٌ [i. e. sorts, or species] of punishment: F explains the sing. as meaning لَوْنٌ مِنَ الدِّيبَاجِ وَنَحْوِهِ [a sort, or species, of silk brocade and the like]; but his restricting the signification by the words من الديباج ونحوه is not right, as is shown by a citation, in the T, of a verse of El-Aashà, in which he uses the phrase كُلُّ زَوْجٍ مِنَ الدِّيبَاجِ [every sort, or species, of silk brocade], as an ex. of زوج in the sense of لون. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] A woman's husband: and a man's wife: in which latter sense ↓ زَوْجَةٌ is also used; (S, M, A, Mgh, * Msb, K; *) as in a verse of El-Farezdak cited in art بول, conj. 10; (S, Mgh;) but it is disallowed by As; (TA;) and the former word is the one of high authority, (Mgh, Msb,) and is that which occurs in the Kur, in ii. 33 and vii. 18, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) and in iv. 24, (Mgh, TA,) and in xxxiii. 37: (Mgh:) AHát says that the people of Nejd call a wife ↓ زَوْجَةٌ, and that the people of the Haram use this word: but ISk says that the people of El-Hijáz call a wife زَوْجٌ; and the rest of the Arabs, ↓ زَوْجَةٌ: the lawyers use this latter word only, as applied to a wife, for the sake of perspicuity, fearing to confound the male with the female: (Msb:) the pl. of زَوْجٌ is أَزْوَاجٌ (Msb, K *) and زِوَجَةٌ; (K;) and the pl. of ↓ زَوْجَةٌ is زَوْجَاتٌ (A, Mgh, Msb) and أَزْوَاجٌ also; (A, Msb;) and أَزَاوِيجُ occurs [as a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of أَزْوَاجُ,] in a verse cited by ISk. (TA in art. نأج.) b3: [Hence also,] A consociate, an associate, or a comrade: (A:) its pl. in this sense is أَزْوَاجٌ, (S, A, K,) occurring in the Kur xxxvii. 22. (S, A.) b4: And A fellow, or like: pl. أَزْوَاجٌ: in this sense, each one of a pair of boots is the زوج of the other; and the husband is the زوج of the wife; and the wife, the زوج of the husband. (TA.) You say, عِنْدِى مِنْ هٰذَا أَزْوَاجٌ I have, of this, fellows, or likes. (TA.) b5: As used by arithmeticians, (Mgh, Msb,) contr. of فَرْدٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) i. e. it signifies An even number; a number that may be divided into two equal numbers; (Msb;) as, for instance, four, and eight, as opposed to three, and seven: (Mgh:) pl. أَزْوَاجٌ. (S, Mgh.) One says زَوْجٌ أَوْ فَرْدٌ [Even or odd?], like as one says خَسًا أَوْ زَكًا [or rather زَكًا أَوْ خَسًا] and شَفْعٌ أَوْ وِتْرٌ. (S, Mgh.) b6: Also A [kind of cloth such as is termed] نَمَط [q. v.]: or silk brocade; syn. دِيبَاجٌ: (TA:) or a نَمَط that is thrown over the [kind of vehicle called]

هَوْدَج. (S, K, TA.) زِيجٌ: see art. زيج.

زَوْجَةٌ: see زَوْجٌ, in four places, in the latter half of the paragraph.

زَوْجِيَّةٌ and ↓ زَوَاجٌ [The marriage-state, or simply marriage]: the latter is a subst. from زَوَّجَ, [i. e. a quasi-inf. n.,] like سَلَامٌ from سَلَّمَ, and كَلَامٌ from كَلَّمَ. (Msb.) You say, بَيْنَهُمَا حَقُّ الزَّوْجِيَّةِ and ↓ الزَّوَاجِ [Between them two is the right of the marriage-state, or of marriage]: (A, Msb:) and الزِّوَاجِ is also allowable as [an inf. n. of 3,] coordinate to المُزَاوَجَة. (Msb.) زَوَاجٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

زَائِجَةٌ: see art زيج.

مِزْوَاجٌ A woman who marries often: (S, K:) one who has had many husbands. (K.)