سطو

1 سَطَا بِهِ (S, M, Msb, K, &c.) and عَلَيْهِ (M, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (Msb,) inf. n. سَطْوٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and سَطْوَةٌ, (M, Msb, K,) or the latter is an inf. n. un., (S,) He sprang, or rushed, upon him; made an assault, or attack, upon him; syn. صَالَ: (M, K:) he sprang upon him and seized him violently or laid violent hands upon him: (Bd in xxii. 71:) he seized him violently with uplifted hand: (Er-Rághib, TA:) he overbore him, overpowered him, or subdued him, (قَهَرَهُ, Lth, S, Msb, K, or تَطَاوَلَ عَلَيْهِ, T, TA,) by seizing him violently, or laying violent hands upon him, (Lth, S, K,) and abased him; or he seized him with great violence: (Msb:) or he stretched forth his hand to him [to seize him]. (Th, M, TA.) And in like manner, (M,) one says of a stallion [camel], يَسْطُو عَلَى طَرُوقَتِهِ [He springs, or rushes, upon, or he overbears, the she-camel that he covers]. (S, M. *) b2: سَطَا عَلَى

النَّاقَةِ, (S, M, K,) and الفَرَسِ, inf. n. سَطْوٌ and سُطُوٌّ, (M,) He (the pastor) put his hand into the رَحِم [or vulva] of the she-camel, (S, M, K,) and of the mare, (M,) to extract, (S, K,) or and extracted, (M,) the sperma of the stallion: (S, M, K:) when this is not extracted, the she-camel does not conceive: (S:) or this is done when she has been leaped by a stallion of low race; or when the sperma is bad, and she has not conceived in consequence of it. (M.) And He extracted from her (i. e. a she-camel, TA) the fœtus, dead: (M, TA:) and مَسَطَ signifies “ he extracted the sperma of the stallion: ” thus Az distinguishes between the two verbs. (TA.) Accord. to IAar, one says, سَطَا عَلَى الحَامِلِ, and سَاطَ, which is formed by transposition, meaning He extracted the fœtus, or young one, of the pregnant female. (TA.) And A'Obeyd mentions السَّطْوُ as used in relation to a woman: it is said in a trad. of El-Hasan, لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يَسْطُوَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى المَرْأَةِ [There is, or will be, no harm in the man's extracting the fœtus of the woman]; (M, TA;) which Lth explains by saying, when her child sticks fast in her belly, dead, it may be extracted [by him] when fear is entertained for her and a woman is not found to do this. (TA.) b3: سَطَا said of a horse, (M, K,) inf. n. سَطْوٌ, (M,) He went at random, heedlessly, or in a headlong manner, not obeying guidance. (M, K.) b4: Also, said of a horse, He went with wide step: (S, M, K:) or raised his tail in running; the doing of which is approved. (M.) b5: Also (tropical:) It was, or became, abundant, or copious; said of water. (S, M, Msb, K, TA.) b6: And (tropical:) He tasted food; (K, TA;) and took it with the hand, or with the extended hand. (TA.) b7: And i. q. عَاقَبَ [app. as meaning He punished: see سَطْوَةٌ, below]. (M, TA.) b8: And سَطَاهَا He compressed her; [and so سَطَأَهَا and شَطَأَهَا;] on the authority of Aboo-Sa'eed. (TA.) 3 ساطاهُ, (K,) inf. n. مُسَاطَاةٌ, (TA,) He treated him with hardness, severity, or rigour: (K, TA:) so says Az, on the authority of IAar. (TA.) b2: And He treated him with gentleness, or tenderness. (IAar, T, TA.) Thus it has two contr. significations. (TA.) سَطْوَةٌ [as a simple subst., or] as an inf. n. un., has for its pl. سَطَوَاتٌ. (S.) It signifies [A spring, or rush; or an assault, or attack: &c.: (see 1, first sentence:) impetuosity in war or battle:] a reviling: a beating: and punishment, or chastisement; as in the saying, اِتَّقِ سَطْوَتَهُ [Guard thyself against his punishment, or chastisement; or it may mean in this phrase, his violence, or impetuosity]. (TA.) سَاطٍ [act. part. n. of 1, Springing, or rushing; making an assault, or attack: &c. b2: Hence,] applied to a horse, That springs, or rushes, upon other horses, and stands upon his hind legs and attacks with his fore legs: (T, TA: [in the Ham p. 383, and raises his fore legs:]) or a horse wide in step: (As, S, M, K:) or that attacks other horses: (S:) or that raises his tail in his running; (S, M, K;) the doing of which is approved. (M.) b3: And A stallion-camel excited by lust, and going forth from camels to other camels (S, K) in consequence thereof. (S.) b4: And What is tall, or long, (K, TA,) of camels &c. (TA.) b5: الأَيْدِى السَّوَاطِى The hands that reach, or take, or take hold of, a thing. (TA.)

سطو
: (و ( {سَطَا عَلَيْهِ وَبِه) ؛ واقْتَصَر الجَوهرِيُّ على الثانيةِ؛ (} سَطْواً! وسَطْوَةً) ؛ واقْتَصَر الجوهرِيُّ على الأُولى، (صالَ) ؛ كَمَا فِي المُحْكم.
وَفِي التَّهذيبِ: سَطَا على فلانٍ تَطَاولَ. (أَو قَهَرَ بالبَطْشِ) ؛ نقلَهُ الجوهريُّ وَهُوَ قَوْل اللَّيْث.
وَفِي المُفْردات: {السَّطْوُ البَطْشُ برَفْع اليَدِ. يُقَال سَطَاية؛ وَمِنْه قَوْله تَعَالَى: {يكادُونَ} يَسْطونَ بالذين يَتْلُون عَلَيْهِم آياتِنا} .
قَالَ ابنُ سِيدَه: يَعْني مُشْركي أَهْلِ مكَّة، كَانُوا إِذا سَمعُوا مُسْلماً يقْرأُ القُرْآن كادُوا يَسْطونَ بِهِ.
وَقَالَ ثَعْلَب: مَعْناه يبْسُطونَ إِلَيْهِم أَيْديَهُم.
(و) مِن المجازِ: سَطا (الماءُ) إِذا (كَثُرَ) وزخرَ، كَذلكَ طَغَى.
(و) مِن المجازِ: سَطا (الطَّعامَ) أَي (ذَاقَهُ) وتَناوَلَه.
(و) سَطا (الفَرَسُ: أَبْعَدَ الخَطْوَ) ، هَكَذَا هُوَ بخطِّ أَبي سَهْلٍ الهَرَويّ فِي نسخةِ الصِّحاحِ، وَفِي بعضِها: أَبْعَدَ الخَطْوَةَ.
(و) سَطا (الرَّاعِي على النَّاقَةِ) ؛ كَمَا فِي الصِّحاحِ، والفَرَسِ أَيْضاً كَمَا فِي المُحْكَم؛ إِذا (أَدْخَلَ يَدَهُ فِي رَحِمِها ليخْرِجَ مَا فِيهَا مِن) الوَثْرِ وَهُوَ (ماءُ الفَحْلِ) ، وَإِذا لم يخرُجْ لم تَلْقَح النَّاقَةُ، كَمَا فِي الصِّحاحِ.
وَفِي المُحْكم: وذلكَ إِذا نَزَا عَلَيْهَا فحلٌ لئِيمٌ أَو كانَ الماءُ فاسِداً لَا يُلْقَحُ عَنهُ. وذَكَرَ مِن مَصادِرِه: السَّطْو {والسُّطُوّ، كعُلُوَ.
(و) قيلَ: سَطا (الفَرَسُ: رَكِبَ رأْسَه فِي السَّيْرِ؛ كَذَا فِي المُحْكم.
(} وسَاطَاهُ) {مُساطاةً: (شدَّدَ عَلَيْهِ) ؛ نقَلَه الأزهريُّ عَن ابنِ الأَعرابيّ.
(} والسَّاطِي) من الخَيْلِ: (الفَرَسُ البَعيدُ الخَطْوِ) .
وَفِي الصِّحاحِ: البَعيدُ الشَّحْوَةِ، وَهِي الخَطْوةُ؛ قالَهُ الأصمعيُّ.
وَفِي التَّهذيب: قيلَ إنَّما سُمِّي الفَرَسُ {ساطِياً لأنَّه} يَسْطو على سائِرِ الخَيْلِ ويقومُ على رِجْلَيْه! ويَسْطُو بيَدَيْه.
(و) فِي الصِّحاحِ: ويقالُ هُوَ (الَّذِي يَرْفَعُ ذَنَبَهُ فِي حُضْرِهِ) ، أَي عَدْوِهِ؛ زادَ ابنُ سِيدَه: وَهُوَ مَحْمودٌ؛ وأَنْشَدَ:
وأَقْدَر مُشْرِف الصَّهَواتِ {سَاطٍ
كُمَيْت لَا أَحَقّ وَلَا شَئِيتُوأَنْشد الأزْهرِيُّ لرُؤْبة:
غمر اليَدِيْنِ بالجِرَاءِ} سَاطِي (و) {السَّاطِي: (الفَحْلُ المُغْتَلِمُ) الَّذِي (يَخْرُجُ مِن إِبِلٍ إِلَى إِبِلٍ) ، نقَلَه الجوهريُّ عَن أَبي عَمْروٍ؛ وأَنْشَدَ:
هامَتُه مثلُ الفَنِيقِ السّاطِي (و) السَّاطِي: (الطَّويلُ) مِن الإِبِلِ وغيرِها.
وممَّا يُسْتدركُ عَلَيْهِ:
} سَطا {سَطْواً: عاقَبَ.
وأَميرٌ ذُو} سَطْوةٍ: أَي شَتْمٍ وضَرْبٍ. ويقالُ: اتَّقِ {سَطْوَتَه، أَي أَخْذَتَه.
وَفِي الصِّحاحِ:} السَّطْوَةُ: المرَّةُ الواحِدَةُ، والجَمْعُ {السَّطَواتُ.
والفَحْلُ} يَسْطُو على طَرُوقَتِه.
{وسَطا الرَّاعِي على ناقَتِه: أَخْرَجَ مِنْهَا الوَلَدَ مَيِّتاً؛ ومَسَطَ إِذا اسْتَخْرَجَ ماءَ الفَحْل؛ هَكَذَا فَرَّقَ بَيْنهما الأزْهرِيُّ.
وَقَالَ ابنُ الأَعْرابيِّ: سَطَا على الحامِلِ وسَاطَ، مَقْلوبٌ، إِذا أَخْرَجَ وَلَدَها.
وحكَى أَبو عُبيدٍ السَّطْو فِي المرْأَةِ؛ وَمِنْه حديثُ الحَسَنِ: (لَا بأْسَ أنْ} يَسْطُوَ الرَّجُلُ على المرأَةِ) .
وفسَّرَه الليْثُ فقالَ: إِذا نَشِبَ وَلَدُها فِي بَطْنِها ميِّتاً فيُسْتَخْرَج، أَي إِذا خِيفَ عَلَيْهَا، وَلم تُوجَدِ امْرأَةٌ تَفْعَل ذلكَ؛ قالَ رُؤْبة:
إِن كنتَ فِي أَمْرِك فِي شماسِ
{فاسْطُ على آلِكَ} سَطْوَ الماسِي والأيدِي {السَّواطِي: الَّتِي تَتَناوَلُ الشيءَ؛ قَالَ الشاعِرُ:
تَلَذُّ بأَخْذِها الأَيدِي السَّواطِي} وسَاطَاهُ: رَفَقَ بِهِ؛ عَن ابنِ الأعْرابيِّ أَيْضاً كَمَا فِي التَّهذيب؛ فَهُوَ مِن الأضْدادِ.
{وسَطاها: وَطِئَها؛ عَن أَبي سعيدٍ؛ ويُرْوَى عَنهُ بالمعْجَمةِ أَيْضاً كَمَا سَيَأْتي.

ولي

وَلِيَ
a. [ يَلِي] (n. ac.
وَلْي)
see supra
(a)b.(n. ac. وَلَاْيَة
وِلَاْيَة) [acc.
or
'Ala], Was set over; ruled, governed, swayed.
c.(n. ac. وَلَآء [] وَلَاْيَة), Was the friend of; befriended, helped; leagued with.
d. [acc.
or
'Ala], Defended, protected, championed.
e. [pass.
وُلِيَ ], Was watered by early rain
(land).
وَلَّيَa. Made ruler &c. over, set over; intrusted, charged
with; nominated, appointed to.
b. [acc.
or
'An], Turned from; turned ( the back ); fled
from.
c. Placed behind ( his back ).
d. Dried up (dates).
وَاْلَيَ
a. [acc.]
see (وَلِيَ) (c), (d).
c. [acc.
or
Bain], Continued, pursued, proceeded with; did
simultaneously; combined.
d. Separated (sheep).
أَوْلَيَa. see II (a)b. [acc. & 'Ala], Made guardian of (orphan).
c. Conferred, bestowed upon ( a favour ).
d. Brought, drew near; made to approach.
e. Tied (water-skin).
تَوَلَّيَa. Was charged, intrusted with; was invested with; ruled
governed, administered; managed.
b. [acc. & Bi], Subdued by.
c. ['An], Turned, fled from; discontinued.
d. ['Ala], Assumed authority over.
e. Made a friend of.

تَوَاْلَيَa. Followed, succeeded each other; was continuous.
b. see II (d)
إِسْتَوْلَيَ
a. ['Ala], Mastered; dominated; gained possession of;
domineered over.
b. ['Ala], Hit ( the mark ).
وَلْيa. Nearness, proximity; contiguity; adjacency.
b. Near, adjacent; contiguous.
c. Neighbour.
d. Early rain.

وَلَوِيّ []
a. Showery.

أَوْلَى [] (pl.
أَوْلُوْنأَوَالٍ [] )
a. [Bi], Worthier of; fitter for; nearer to.
أَوْلَوِيّ []
a. see 14
مَوْلًى [] (pl.
مَوَالِي [] )
a. Lord, master.
b. Protector, defender; champion; patron.
c. Friend, companion.
d. Ally, partisan, adherent.
e. Relative, kinsman: son-in-law; uncle &c.
f. Freedman.
g. Neighbour.
h. Servant; slave; dependant.

وَالٍ (pl.
وُلَاة [] )
a. Governor; prefect; ruler; regent.

وَلَآء []
a. Relationship, kinship; consanguinity;
propinquity.
b. Relatives, kindred.
c. Government, rule, prefecture, prefectship.
d. Right of succession to the inheritance of a
freedman.
e. Help; friendship.
f. see 1 (a)
وَلَآءَة []
a. see 22t (a)
وَلَايَة []
a. Province, government, jurisdiction; country;
district.
b. see 22 (a) (d), (e).
وِلَآء []
a. see 1 (a)b. Continuity; consecutiveness.

وِلَايَة []
a. Government, administration; governorship; authority
supremacy, sway; sovereignty.
c. see 22 (a) (c), (e) &
وَلَاْيَة
(a).
وَلِيّ [] (pl.
أَوْلِيَآء [] )
a. Beloved; friend; favourite.
b. Benefactor; patron.
c. see 17 (a) (b), (c), (d).
g. Client; protégé.
h. see 1 (b)i. ( pl.

أَوْلِيَة [] )
a. see 1 (c)j. [ coll. ], Saint.
وَلِيَّة []
a. fem. of
وَلِيّb. ( pl.
reg.
& وَلَايَا )
Saddle-cloth, cushion.
c. Portion of food set apart for a guest.
d. see 22t (a)
مَوْلِيّ [ N. P.
a. I], مَوْلِيَّة Minor
ward.
تَوْلِيَة [ N.
Ac.
a. II], Investiture, nomination, appointment.
b. Cession, transfer of a purchase.
مُوَالٍ [ N. Ag.
a. III ], (pl.
مُوَالُوْن), Helper, aider.
b. see 17 (b)
مُتَوَلٍّ [ N.
Ag.
a. V], Governor, ruler.

تَوَلٍّ [ N. Ac.
a. V], Authority, jurisdiction.
b. Nearness.

مُتَوَالٍ [ N.
Ag.
a. VI], Successive, consecutive, continuous.
b. (pl.
مَتَاوِلَة), Shiite.
تَوَالٍ [ N. Ac.
a. VI]
see 23 (b)
وُلْيَا (pl.
وُلًى [ ]a. وُلْيَيَات ), fem. of
أَوْلَيُ
(a).
مَوْلَاة
a. Lady, mistress.

مَوْلَوِيّ
a. Supreme; sovereign.

مَوْلَوِيَّة
a. Supremacy, lordship, suzerainty; seigniory.

وَليّ اللّٰه
a. The friend of God.

وَلِيّ العَهْد
a. The heir apparent.

وَلِيّ النِّعَم
a. Recipient of favours.

دَار وَلِيَّة
a. Next door.

وِلَآءً
a. علَى وِلَآءٍ Consecutively, one
after another.
أَوْلَى لَهُ
a. Woe betide him !

هُمْ وَلَآء
a. They are related.

هُمْ عَلَىَّ وَلَايَة
وَاحِدَة
a. They are in league against me.

مَا أَوْلَاهُ مَعْرُوْفًا
a. How benevolent he is !

(و ل ي) : (الْمَوْلَى) عَلَى وُجُوهٍ ابْنُ الْعَمِّ وَالْعَصَبَةُ كُلُّهَا وَمِنْهُ {وَإِنِّي خِفْتُ الْمَوَالِيَ مِنْ وَرَائِي} [مريم: 5] (وَالرَّبُّ وَالْمَالِكُ) فِي قَوْله تَعَالَى {ثُمَّ رُدُّوا إِلَى اللَّهِ مَوْلاهُمُ الْحَقِّ} [الأنعام: 62] وَفِي مَعْنَاهُ الْوَلِيُّ وَمِنْهُ «أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ نَكَحَتْ بِغَيْرِ إذْنِ وَلِيِّهَا» وَيُرْوَى مَوْلَاهَا (وَالنَّاصِرُ) فِي قَوْله تَعَالَى {ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ مَوْلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَأَنَّ الْكَافِرِينَ لا مَوْلَى لَهُمْ} [محمد: 11] (وَالْحَلِيفُ) وَهُوَ الَّذِي يُقَالُ لَهُ مَوْلَى الْمُوَالَاةِ قَالَ
مَوَالِيَ حِلْفٍ لَا مَوَالِي قَرَابَةٍ
(وَالْمُعْتِقُ) وَهُوَ مَوْلَى النِّعْمَةِ (وَالْمُعْتَقُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ - «مَوْلَى الْقَوْمِ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ» يَعْنِي مَوَالِيَ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فِي حُرْمَةِ الصَّدَقَةِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَهُوَ مَفْعَلٌ مِنْ الْوَلْيِ بِمَعْنَى الْقُرْبِ وَعَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى (الْوَلِيُّ) حُصُولُ الثَّانِي بَعْدَ الْأَوَّلِ مِنْ غَيْرِ فَصْلٍ فَالْأَوَّلُ يَلِيهِ الثَّانِي وَالثَّانِي يَلِيهِ الثَّالِثُ وَيُقَالُ وَلِيَ الشَّيْءُ الشَّيْءَ يَلِيهِ وَلْيًا وَمِنْهُ «لِيَلِنِي أُولُو الْأَحْلَامِ» وَيُقَالُ (وَلِيَ) الْأَمْرَ (وَتَوَلَّاهُ) إذَا فَعَلَهُ بِنَفْسِهِ وَمِنْهُ قَوْلُهُ فِي بَابِ الشَّهِيدِ لُوا أَخَاكُمْ أَيْ تَوَلَّوْا أَمْرَهُ مَنْ التَّجْهِيزِ (وَوَلِيُّ الْيَتِيمِ) أَوْ الْقَتِيلِ وَوَالِي الْبَلَدِ أَيْ مَالِكُ أَمْرِهِمَا وَمَصْدَرُهُمَا الْوِلَايَةُ بِالْكَسْرِ (وَالْوَلَايَةُ) بِالْفَتْحِ النُّصْرَةُ وَالْمَحَبَّةُ وَكَذَا الْوَلَاءُ إلَّا أَنَّهُ اخْتَصَّ فِي الشَّرْعِ بِوَلَاءِ الْعِتْقِ وَوَلَاءِ الْمُوَالَاةِ وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُمْ هُمْ (وَلَاءٌ) أَيْ مُوَالُونَ فَعَلَى حَذْفِ الْمُضَافِ أَوْ وَصْفٍ بِالْمَصْدَرِ (وَالتَّوْلِيَةُ) أَنْ تَجْعَلَهُ وَالِيًا وَمِنْهَا بَيْعُ التَّوْلِيَةِ (وَالْمُوَالَاةُ الْمُحَامَاةُ) وَالْمُحَابَّةُ وَالْمُتَابَعَةُ أَيْضًا (وَالْوِلَاءُ) بِالْكَسْرِ فِي مَعْنَاهَا يُقَالُ وَالَى الْكُتُبَ فَتَوَالَتْ أَيْ تَتَابَعَتْ وَتَمَامُ تَقْرِيرِ الْكَلِمَةِ اشْتِقَاقًا وَتَصْرِيفًا فِي مَكْتُوبِنَا الْمَوْسُومِ بِرِسَالَةِ الْمَوْلَى وَاَلَّذِي هُوَ الْأَهَمُّ فِيمَا نَحْنُ فِيهِ أَنَّ الْمَوَالِيَ بِمَعْنَى الْعُتَقَاءِ لَمَّا كَانَتْ غَيْرَ عَرَبٍ فِي الْأَكْثَرِ غَلَبَتْ عَلَى الْعَجَمِ حَتَّى قَالُوا الْمَوَالِي أَكْفَاءٌ بَعْضُهَا لِبَعْضٍ وَالْعَرَبُ أَكْفَاءٌ بَعْضُهَا لِبَعْضٍ وَقَالَ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ فِي الْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيِّ أَمَوْلًى هُوَ أَمْ عَرَبِيٌّ فَاسْتَعْمَلُوهَا اسْتِعْمَالَ الِاسْمَيْنِ الْمُتَقَابِلَيْنِ (رِبَاطُ وَلِيَانَ) فِي ظَاهِرِ بُخَارَى وَأَصْلُ الْيَاءِ فِيهَا مُشَدَّدَةٌ.

ولي
الوَلَاءُ والتَّوَالِي: أن يَحْصُلَ شيئان فصاعدا حصولا ليس بينهما ما ليس منهما، ويستعار ذلك للقرب من حيث المكان، ومن حيث النّسبة، ومن حيث الدّين، ومن حيث الصّداقة والنّصرة والاعتقاد، والوِلَايَةُ النُّصْرةُ ، والوَلَايَةُ: تَوَلِّي الأمرِ، وقيل: الوِلَايَةُ والوَلَايَةُ نحو: الدِّلَالة والدَّلَالة، وحقيقته: تَوَلِّي الأمرِ. والوَلِيُّ والمَوْلَى يستعملان في ذلك كلُّ واحدٍ منهما يقال في معنى الفاعل. أي: المُوَالِي، وفي معنى المفعول. أي: المُوَالَى، يقال للمؤمن: هو وَلِيُّ اللهِ عزّ وجلّ ولم يرد مَوْلَاهُ، وقد يقال: اللهُ تعالى وَلِيُّ المؤمنين ومَوْلَاهُمْ، فمِنَ الأوَّل قال الله تعالى: اللَّهُ وَلِيُّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا [البقرة/ 257] ، إِنَّ وَلِيِّيَ اللَّهُ
[الأعراف/ 196] ، وَاللَّهُ وَلِيُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ [آل عمران/ 68] ، ذلِكَ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ مَوْلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا
[محمد/ 11] ، نِعْمَ الْمَوْلى وَنِعْمَ النَّصِيرُ
[الأنفال/ 40] ، وَاعْتَصِمُوا بِاللَّهِ هُوَ مَوْلاكُمْ فَنِعْمَ الْمَوْلى
[الحج/ 78] ، قال عزّ وجلّ: قُلْ يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ هادُوا إِنْ زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّكُمْ أَوْلِياءُ لِلَّهِ مِنْ دُونِ النَّاسِ
[الجمعة/ 6] ، وَإِنْ تَظاهَرا عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ مَوْلاهُ
[التحريم/ 4] ، ثُمَّ رُدُّوا إِلَى اللَّهِ مَوْلاهُمُ الْحَقِ
[الأنعام/ 62] والوالِي الذي في قوله: وَما لَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِهِ مِنْ والٍ
[الرعد/ 11] بمعنى الوَلِيِّ، ونفى الله تعالى الوَلَايَةَ بين المؤمنين والكافرين في غير آية، فقال: يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَتَّخِذُوا الْيَهُودَ إلى قوله: وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهُمْ
[المائدة/ 51] ، لا تَتَّخِذُوا آباءَكُمْ وَإِخْوانَكُمْ أَوْلِياءَ
[التوبة/ 23] ، وَلا تَتَّبِعُوا مِنْ دُونِهِ أَوْلِياءَ
[الأعراف/ 3] ، ما لَكُمْ مِنْ وَلايَتِهِمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ
[الأنفال/ 72] ، يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَتَّخِذُوا عَدُوِّي وَعَدُوَّكُمْ أَوْلِياءَ [الممتحنة/ 1] ، تَرى كَثِيراً مِنْهُمْ يَتَوَلَّوْنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا
إلى قوله: وَلَوْ كانُوا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالنَّبِيِّ وَما أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مَا اتَّخَذُوهُمْ أَوْلِياءَ [المائدة/ 80- 81] وجعل بين الكافرين والشّياطين مُوَالاةً في الدّنيا، ونفى بينهم المُوَالاةَ في الآخرة، قال الله تعالى في المُوَالاةُ بينهم في الدّنيا: الْمُنافِقُونَ وَالْمُنافِقاتُ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ [التوبة/ 67] وقال: إِنَّهُمُ اتَّخَذُوا الشَّياطِينَ أَوْلِياءَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ
[الأعراف/ 30] ، إِنَّا جَعَلْنَا الشَّياطِينَ أَوْلِياءَ لِلَّذِينَ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ [الأعراف/ 27] ، فَقاتِلُوا أَوْلِياءَ الشَّيْطانِ [النساء/ 76] فكما جعل بينهم وبين الشّيطان مُوَالاةً جعل للشّيطان في الدّنيا عليهم سلطانا فقال: إِنَّما سُلْطانُهُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ يَتَوَلَّوْنَهُ
[النحل/ 100] ونفى المُوَالاةَ بينهم في الآخرة، فقال في مُوَالاةِ الكفارِ بعضهم بعضا: يَوْمَ لا يُغْنِي مَوْلًى عَنْ مَوْلًى شَيْئاً
[الدخان/ 41] ، ثُمَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ يَكْفُرُ بَعْضُكُمْ بِبَعْضٍ [العنكبوت/ 25] ، قالَ الَّذِينَ حَقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقَوْلُ رَبَّنا هؤُلاءِ الَّذِينَ أَغْوَيْنا الآية [القصص/ 63] ، وقولهم تَوَلَّى إذا عدّي بنفسه اقتضى معنى الوَلَايَةِ، وحصوله في أقرب المواضع منه يقال: وَلَّيْتُ سمعي كذا، ووَلَّيْتُ عيني كذا، ووَلَّيْتُ وجهي كذا: أقبلت به عليه، قال الله عزّ وجلّ: فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضاها
[البقرة/ 144] ، فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرامِ وَحَيْثُ ما كُنْتُمْ فَوَلُّوا وُجُوهَكُمْ شَطْرَهُ
[البقرة/ 144] وإذا عدّي ب (عن) لفظا أو تقديرا اقتضى معنى الإعراض وترك قربه. فمن الأوّل قوله: وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهُمْ
[المائدة/ 51] ، وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ
[المائدة/ 56] . ومن الثاني قوله: فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ بِالْمُفْسِدِينَ
[آل عمران/ 63] ، إِلَّا مَنْ تَوَلَّى وَكَفَرَ
[الغاشية/ 23] ، فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُولُوا اشْهَدُوا
[آل عمران/ 64] ، وَإِنْ تَتَوَلَّوْا يَسْتَبْدِلْ قَوْماً غَيْرَكُمْ
[محمد/ 38] ، فَإِنْ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ فَإِنَّما عَلى رَسُولِنَا الْبَلاغُ الْمُبِينُ
[التغابن/ 12] ، وَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ مَوْلاكُمْ
[الأنفال/ 40] ، فَمَنْ تَوَلَّى بَعْدَ ذلِكَ فَأُولئِكَ هُمُ الْفاسِقُونَ
[آل عمران/ 82] والتَّوَلِّي قد يكون بالجسم، وقد يكون بترك الإصغاء والائتمار، قال الله عزّ وجلّ: وَلا تَوَلَّوْا عَنْهُ وَأَنْتُمْ تَسْمَعُونَ
[الأنفال/ 20] أي:
لا تفعلوا ما فعل الموصوفون بقوله: وَاسْتَغْشَوْا ثِيابَهُمْ وَأَصَرُّوا وَاسْتَكْبَرُوا اسْتِكْباراً [نوح/ 7] ولا ترتسموا قولَ من ذُكِرَ عنهم: وَقالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لا تَسْمَعُوا لِهذَا الْقُرْآنِ وَالْغَوْا فِيهِ [فصلت/ 26] ويقال: وَلَّاهُ دُبُرَهُ: إذا انهزم.
وقال تعالى: وَإِنْ يُقاتِلُوكُمْ يُوَلُّوكُمُ الْأَدْبارَ
[آل عمران/ 111] ، وَمَنْ يُوَلِّهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ دُبُرَهُ
[الأنفال/ 16] ، وقوله: فَهَبْ لِي مِنْ لَدُنْكَ وَلِيًّا
[مريم/ 5] أي: ابنا يكون من أَوْلِيَائِكَ، وقوله: خِفْتُ الْمَوالِيَ مِنْ وَرائِي
[مريم/ 5] قيل: ابن العمّ، وقيل مَوَالِيهَ. وقوله: وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَلِيٌّ مِنَ الذُّلِ
[الإسراء/ 111] ، فيه نفي الوَلِيِّ بقوله عزّ وجلّ: مِنَ الذُّلِّ إذ كان صالحو عباده هم أَوْلِيَاءُ اللهِ كما تقدم لكن مُوَالاتُهُمْ ليستولي هو تعالى بهم، وقوله: وَمَنْ يُضْلِلْ فَلَنْ تَجِدَ لَهُ وَلِيًّا
[الكهف/ 17] ، والوَلِيُّ:
المطرُ الذي يَلِي الوَسْمِيَّ، والمَوْلَى يقال للمعتِقِ، والمعتَقِ، والحليفِ، وابنِ العمِّ، والجارِ، وكلِّ من وَلِيَ أمرَ الآخرِ فهو وَلِيُّهُ، ويقال: فلان أَوْلَى بكذا. أي أحرى، قال تعالى:
النَّبِيُّ أَوْلى بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ
[الأحزاب/ 6] ، إِنَّ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِإِبْراهِيمَ لَلَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُ [آل عمران/ 68] ، فَاللَّهُ أَوْلى بِهِما [النساء/ 135] ، وَأُولُوا الْأَرْحامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلى بِبَعْضٍ [الأنفال/ 75] وقيل:
أَوْلى لَكَ فَأَوْلى
[القيامة/ 34] من هذا، معناه: العقاب أَوْلَى لك وبك، وقيل: هذا فعل المتعدّي بمعنى القرب، وقيل: معناه انزجر.
ويقال: وَلِيَ الشيءُ الشيءَ، وأَوْلَيْتُ الشيءَ شيئا آخرَ أي: جعلته يَلِيهِ، والوَلَاءُ في العتق: هو ما يورث به، و «نهي عن بيع الوَلَاءِ وعن هبته» »
، والمُوَالاةُ بين الشيئين: المتابعة.

جش

1 جَشَّهُ, (S, A, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. جَشٌّ, (S,) He ground it (namely wheat, S, or grain, A) coarsely; (S, A;) as also ↓ أَجَشَّهُ. (S.) b2: He bruised, brayed, or pounded, it: and he broke it: (S, K:) as also ↓ أَجَشَّهُ. (K) b3: He beat him, or struck him, with a staff or stick. (S, K.) 4 أَجْشَ3َ see 1, in two places.

جُشَّةٌ (A, K, TA) and ↓ جَشَشٌ (TA) Loudness, or vehemence, of voice or sound: (A, K, TA:) and a rough sound coming forth from the خَيَاشِيم [or air-passages in the nose], in which is a hoarseness. (K, TA.) You say, ↓ فِى صَهِيلِ الفَرَسِ جَشَشٌ In the neighing of the horse is a rough sound: (TA:) which is one of the qualities approved in horses. (IDrd.) And فِى صَوْتِ القَوْسِ جُشَّةٌ عِنْدَ الرَّمْىِ In the sound of the bow is a roughness of twanging on the occasion of shooting. (AHn TA.) جَشَشٌ: see جُشَّةٌ, in two places.

جَشِيشٌ Wheat coarsely ground; as also ↓ مَجْشُوشٌ. (S.) b2: And, [as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates,] (TA,) as also ↓ جَشِيشَةٌ, (S, K, TA,) What is coarsely ground, (S, K, TA,) of wheat &c., (S,) or of wheat and the like: (K, TA:) or the former, grain when bruised, brayed, or pounded, before it is cooked: and ↓ the latter, such as is cooked: but ISd says that this distinction is not of valid authority. (TA.) b3: Also, the former, i. q. سَوِيقٌ [Meal of parched barley or wheat, coarsely ground, which is made into a kind of gruel]; (El-Fárisee, S, K;) and so ↓ the latter: (A:) or ↓ the latter is the n. un. (El-Fárisee.) You say, اِسْقِنِى

↓ جَشِيشَةٌ Give thou me to drink [some] سويق. (A.) Or سويق is not called ↓ جشيشة, but is called جَذِيذَةٌ, q. v. (TA.) b4: And the former, (Sh, K,) or ↓ جَشِيشَةٌ, (TA in art. دش,) Wheat coarsely ground, and put into a cooking-pot, into which some flesh-meat is thrown, or some dates, and then cooked: (Sh, K:) also called دَشِيشَةٌ: (TA:) or a soup made of coarsely bruised wheat. (TA in art. دش.) جَشِيشَةٌ: see جَشِيشٌ, in seven places.

أَجَشُّ Having a rough, (S, K,) or loud, or vehement, (A,) voice, or sound: (S, A, K:) applied to a man, and a horse, and thunder, (A, K,) &c. (K.) You say, رَجُلٌ أَجَشُّ الصَّوْتِ A man having a [rough, or] loud, or vehement, voice. (A.) and فَرَسٌ أَجَشُّ, (A,) or أَجَّشُ الصَوْتِ, (S, TA,) A horse in whose neighing is a roughness. (TA.) And سَحَابٌ أَجَشُّ, (As,) or أَجَشُّ الرَّعْدِ, (S,) Clouds that thunder vehemently. (As.) and قَوْسٌ جَشَّآءُ, [جشّآء being the fem. of اجشّ,] A bow having a rough twanging, (AHn, K,) when one shoots with it. (AHn.) b2: الأَجَشُّ is also the name of One of the sounds of which musical modulations are formed, (Kh, K,) which are three in number; [app. meaning the treble, tenor, and bass, clefs; the last being that to which this term is applied;] the sound thus called being from the head, (Kh,) issuing from the خَيَاشِيم [or air-passages in the nose], having in it a roughness and hoarseness, (Kh, K,) and followed by a gradual fall (تَحَدُّر) [of the voice] modulated in accordance to that same sound, and then followed by a sound [in my original بِوَشْىٍ, but I think it probable that this is a mistranscription for بِوَحْىٍ, or بِوَحًى, or the like, for, though وَشْىٌ might perhaps, by straining a metaphor, be applied to denote a varied sound, its being understood in this sense seems to be forbidden by its being here added] like the first. (Kh, TA.) [This explanation is perhaps illustrated by the fact that the bass in the music of the Arabs is often formed of one prolonged note, falling and rising.] b3: Also جَشَّآءُ, [أَرْضٌ being understood,] A pebbly plain, fit for palm-trees. (K, TA.) مِجَشٌّ, (S,) or ↓ مِجَشَّةٌ, (A,) or both, (K,) A mill (S, K) with which جَشِيش is ground: (S:) or a small mill with which one grinds coarsely. (A.) مِجَشَّةٌ: see what next precedes.

مَجْشُوشٌ: see جَشِيشٌ.

غذو

1 غَذَوْتُهُ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) aor. ـْ (Msb,) inf. n. غَذْوٌ, (K,) I fed him, or nourished him, (S, Msb, K, TA,) [for instance,] a child, (S, TA,) with milk; (S, Msb, TA;) and غَذَيْتُهُ signifies the same, unknown by J, and therefore disallowed by him, (K and TA in art. غذى,) but known by ISd: (TA in that art.;) and so ↓ غَذَّيْتُهُ, (S, * Msb, K, TA,) inf. n. تَغْذِيَةٌ, (S, TA,) [but, accord. to SM.] in an intensive sense. (TA.) And غَذَاهُ الطَّعَامُ, aor. and inf. n. as above, The food [nourished him, or] had an agreeable, a wholesome, or a beneficial, effect upon him, and sufficed him; namely, a child. (Msb.) b2: And [hence,] غُذُو بِلِبَانِ الكَرَمِ (tropical:) [They were fed, or nourished, by sucking the milk of generosity; meaning they derived generosity from their parents]. (TA.) A2: غَذَا بَوْلَهُ, and غَذَا بِهِ, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He (a camel) interrupted his urine; (K, TA;) as also ↓ غذّاهُ, (S, K, TA,) inf. n. تَغْذِيَةٌ. (S, TA.) And غَذَا الكَلْبُ بِغَذًى [or بِغَذًا] The dog emitted urine in repeated discharges. (TA.) A3: غَذَا, said of urine, It became interrupted: (S, K, TA:) the verb being intrans. as well as trans. (TA.) b2: And, (S, M, K, TA,) aor. ـْ inf. n. غَذْوٌ and غَذَوَانٌ, (M, TA,) It flowed; (S, M, K, TA;) said of water, (S,) or, as some say, of anything, [or] of water or blood or sweat. (TA.) [Thus,] as IKtt says, the verb has two contr. significations. (TA.) It flowed with blood; (S, K;) aor. as above, inf. n. غَذْوٌ; (S;) said of a vein; as also ↓ غذّى, inf. n. تَغْذِيَةٌ. (S, K.) And It flowed continually; aor. as above; said of a wound. (TA.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) He went quickly. or swiftly; (S, M, K, TA,) aor. as above, inf. n. غَذْوٌ and غَذَوَانٌ; said of a horse. (TA.) 2 غَذَّوَ see the preceding paragraph, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] النَّارُ تُغَذَّى بِالحَطَبِ (tropical:) [The fire is fed with firewood]. (TA.) b3: And التَّغْذِيَةُ signifies also التَّرْبِيَةُ [app. as meaning The rearing a child &c. though it also means “ the feeding, or nourishing ”]: (S, K:) or in an intensive sense. (TA.) A2: See, again, 1, in two places.5 تغذّى quasi-pass. of 2: (Msb, K: *) see 8. b2: [Hence,] one says of a man, خَيْرُهُ يَتَغَذَّى كُلَّ يَوْمٍ (tropical:) His goodness increases every day. (TA.) 8 اغتذى He was, or became, fed, or nourished; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ تغذّى. (Msb, K.) Yousay, اغتذى بِهِ He was, or became, fed, or nourished, with it; (S, Msb;) namely, food, and beverage, (S,) or milk. (Msb.) 10 استغذاهُ He threw him down on the ground with vehemence. (K.) غَذًا or غَذًى [accord. to different copies of the K, the former agreeable with a general rule, though the latter is said in the TA to be the right,] The urine of the camel, (K, TA,) and of the dog. (TA. [See 1.]) غَذَوَانٌ [an inf. n. of غَذَا said of water, and of a horse, and hence, app.,] (assumed tropical:) Swift: (TA:) or brisk, lively, or sprightly, and swift; applied to a horse: (S, K, TA: [see also غَذَوَانٌ:]) or that interrupts his urine, or emits it in repeated discharges, (يَغْذُو بِبَوْلِهِ,) when he runs. (TA.) b2: And (applied to a man, TA) (assumed tropical:) Long-tongued, or clamorous and foul-tongued; foul, unseemly, or obscene [in speech]: fem. with ة: (K, TA:) the latter, applied to a woman, expl. by Fr as signifying فَاحِشَةٌ [i. e. foul, &c., as above]. (TA.) غَذَوِىٌّ: see غَذِيٌّ, in four places: b2: and see also عَدَوِيَّةٌ, in art. عدو.

غِذَآءٌ Aliment, or nutriment; consisting of food and of drink; (S, Msb;) the means of the growth, or increase, and of the sustenance, or support, of the body: (K:) pl. أَغْذِيَةٌ. (KL.) [One says رَجُلٌ حَسَنُ الغِذَآءِ A man good in respect of food: i. e., who feeds on good food: and سَيِّئُ الغِذَآءِ bad in respect of food: who feeds: a bad food.] b2: It is also applied, by the poet Eiyoob Ibn-'Abáyeh. to (assumed tropical:) The water for irrigation of palm-trees. (TA.) A2: Also pl. of غَذِىٌّ. (S, &c.) غَذِىٌّ A lamb, or kid; syn. سَخْلَةٌ; (S, Msb, K;) or, as some say, a lamb (حَمَل); (Msb:) and the pl. is غِذَآءٌ: (S, Msb, K:) and syn. with غَدَوِىٌّ in senses expl. in art. غدو: as also غَذَوِىٌّ: (K:) or غَذِىُّ المَالِ and ↓ غَذَوِيُّهُ signify the younglings of cattle, such as lambs or kids and the like; (S, Msb;) accord. to Khalaf El-Ahmar, (S,) or IF; so that they are of camels and of him and of sheep or goats: (Msb:) accord. to IAar, ↓ غَذَوِىٌّ is syn. with بهيم [an evident mistranscription for بَهْم, q. v.]: and signifies such as is fed: (TA:) and he was told, he says, by an Arab of the desert, of Belhujeym, that the ↓ غَذَوِىّ is the lamb (حَمَل), or the kid, that is (??) with the milk of its mother, but with another's milk; accord. to which explanation it is different from the غَذِيّ; and so it is accord. to A(??) as IF says, some imagine الغَذَوِىُّ to be from الغَذِىُّ, which signifies the سَخْلَة [as expl. in the beginning of this paragraph]. (Msb, TA.) The dim. of غَذِىٌّ is ↓ غُذَىٌّ. (S.) b2: See also عَدَوِيَّةٌ, in art. عدو.

غُذَىٌّ dim. of غَذِىٌّ, q. v. (S.) غَاذِى مَالٍ (assumed tropical:) A good manager or tender [of cattle]: (K, TA:) as though he fed them. or reared them. (TA.) A2: And الغَاذِى signifies also Teh wound that will not cease to bleed. (TA.) الغَاذِيَةُ A certain vein; (K, TA;) so called because of its flowing with blood. (TA.) b2: and The part that is in a state of commotion, [or that pulses,] of the top of the head of a [young] child. as long as it continues soft; for when it becomes hard, and becomes bone, it is termed يَأْفُوخ: pl. الغَوَاذِى: mentioned by Az: (TA:) also called الغَاذَّةُ. (IAar, K in art. غذ.) الغَيْذَا, of the measure فَيْعَلٌ [when indeterminate], from غَذَا “ it flowed,” occurring in a trad. as meaning The clouds, is said by Z to be the only word of this measure having the final radical letter infirm except الكَيْهَا, [which I do not find in its proper art.,] meaning “ the large, or bulky,” she-camel [like كَهَاةٌ and كَيْهَاةٌ]. (TA.)

خم

1 خَمَّ, aor. ـِ (JK, S, K) and خَمُّ, (K,) [the latter irreg.,] inf. n. خُمُومٌ (JK, K) and خَمٌّ, (K,) It (flesh-meat) was, or became, stinking; (S, K;) said of what is roasted, or cooked; (S;) or mostly said of what is cooked, and what is roasted: (IDrd, K:) or became altered for the worse in odour; said of roasted meat, and of meat cut into strips and dried: (A'Obeyd, TA:) or became stinking after having been thoroughly cooked: (TA:) and said also of milk, (JK, K,) in like manner, (JK,) it became altered by the bad odour of the skin, (K, TA,) and corrupt: (TA:) and ↓ اخمّ signifies the same, (JK, S, K,) in both cases: (TA:) and خَمٌّ also, said of a cake of bread not thoroughly baked, signifies the becoming altered in odour. (TA.) [Hence,] خَمَّ, inf. n. خُمُومٌ, is likewise said of a man. (TA. [See also 10.]) And one says, هُوَ لَا يَخِمُّ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He will not become altered (JK, TA) from his state, or condition, (JK,) or from his liberality, and generosity. (TA.) And هُوَ السَّمْنُ لَا يَخِمُّ, (S, TA,) [lit.] meaning [It is the clarified butter] that will not become altered [for the worse]: (TA:) a prov., relating to a man when one speaks well of him, and praises him. (S, TA.) And هُوَ السُّمُّ لَا يَخِمُّ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) It is unmixed poison. (TA.) b2: خَمٌّ signifies also The act of weeping violently. (K.) You say, هُوَ يَخِمُّ He weeps violently. (TK.) A2: خَمَّ, (JK, S, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. خَمُّ, (TK,) He cleaned out a well: (S, K: *) and he swept a tent, or house, or chamber: (JK, S, K:) and ↓ اختمّ signifies the same, (S, K,) in both cases. (TA, and so in some copies of the K.) b2: [Hence,] هُوَ يَخُمُّ ثِيَابَهُ (tropical:) He eulogizes him, commends him, or speaks well of him: (K, TA:) and خَمَّهُ بِثَنَآءٍ حَسَنٍ, aor. ـُ inf. n. خَمٌّ, (tropical:) He eulogized him: (TA:) [and so, app., خَمَّهُ alone; for] خَمٌّ signifies The act of eulogizing. (K, TA.) b3: خَمٌّ also signifies The act of cutting; and so ↓ اِخْتِمَامٌ. (K.) b4: and خَمَّ النَّاقَةَ, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. خَمٌّ, (TA,) He milked the she-camel: (K:) or خَمَّ, aor. ـُ signifies he turned in his thumb upon his palm when milking. (JK.) A3: خُمَّ, said of a domestic fowl, It was confined in a خُمّ, i. e. cage, or coop. (K.) 4 أَخْمَ3َ see 1.5 تخمّم مَا عَلَى الخِوَانِ (assumed tropical:) He ate what remained, of fragments, and scattered particles, upon the table, (K, TA,) by reason of his greediness. (TA.) [See also R. Q. 1.]8 إِخْتَمَ3َ see 1, in two places. b2: اختمّ بِهِ He took it away. (JK.) b3: And He threw it down prostrate; and, from the foundation; or uprooted it. (JK.) 10 إِسْتَخْمَ3َ It is said in a trad. of Mo'áwiyeh, مَنْ أَرَادَ

أَنْ يَسْتَخِمَّ لَهُ النَّاسُ قِيَامًا: thus, accord. to Et-Taháwee, with the pointed خَآء, meaning [Whoso desireth that men] should become altered in their odour to him by reason of their long standing in his presence: but it is also related otherwise, يَسْتَجِمَّ [q. v.: see also 1 in the present art.]. (TA.) [See also 2 in art. خيم.] R. Q. 1 خَمْخَمَةٌ [inf. n. of خَمْخَمَ] i. q. خَنْخنَةٌ, (S, K,) i. e. The [snuffling, or] speaking [indistinctly, through the nose,] as though one were مَخْنُون [app. here meaning affected with the disease termed خُنَان], (so in a copy of the S and in the TA,) or مَجْنُون [i. e. bereft of reason, or mad, insane, &c.; and this is another meaning of مَخْنُون], (so in another copy of the S,) by reason of pride. (S.) [See خِمْخِمٌ.] b2: Also (assumed tropical:) The eating in a certain foul manner; (JK, S, TA;) and so ↓ تَخَمْخُمٌ [inf. n. of تَخَمْخَمَ]. (TA.) Hence, ↓ خَمْخَامٌ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) One who so cats], used as a proper name. (JK, TA.) [See also 5.] R. Q. 2 see the next preceding paragraph.

خَمٌّ, (K,) or ↓ خَامٌّ, (AA, S,) applied to flesh-meat (AA, S, K) that is roasted or cooked, (AA, S,) or mostly to what is cooked and what is roasted, (K,) Stinking; (AA, S, K;) as also ↓ مُخِمٌّ: (AA, S:) or this last signifies altered in odour, but not yet corrupt (Lth, JK, TA) like a stinking dead body. (Lth, TA.) خُمٌّ A cage, or coop, for domestic fowls: (ISd, K:) [and so, in modern Arabic, خُنٌّ:] thought by ISd to be so called because of its foul smell. (TA.) b2: A [receptacle made of matting or of reeds, such as is called] قَوْصَرَّة, in which straw is put, for the domestic hen to lay her eggs therein, (K,) or to hatch therein. (TA.) b3: A hollow dug in the ground, in the bottom of which are put ashes, and then new-born lambs or kids are put therein: pl. خِمَمَةٌ. (K.) خُمَامٌ The refuse of anything. (JK.) [See also خُمَّانٌ.]

خَمِيمٌ Heavy, or sluggish, in spirit: (K:) from خُمَامَةٌ signifying “ sweepings. ” (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Praised: (K:) from خَمٌّ signifying the act of “ eulogizing. ” (TA.) b3: Milk just milked. (K.) خُمَامَةٌ Sweepings; (K;) like قُمَامَةٌ: (JK, S:) and the earth that is cleared out from a well: (S:) the dust, or earth, of a tent or house or chamber, and of a well, that is swept, or cleared, out, and thrown in a heap. (Lh, TA.) b2: Also, (K,) or خُمَامَةٌ مَائِدَةٍ, (TA,) Scattered fragments of food, which are [gathered up, or swept together, and] eaten, and on account of which a recompense is hoped for [from God]. (K, * TA.) خِمَامَةٌ A corrupt, bad, feather, beneath the other feathers. (K, * TA.) خَمَّانٌ: see the next paragraph. b2: Also A weak spear. (S, K.) خُمَّانٌ (JK, K) and ↓ خَمَّانٌ, (JK, IDrd, TA,) or ↓ خِمَّانٌ, (K,) What is bad of household goods, or furniture, or utensils; (JK, IDrd, K, TA;) and of trees. (K.) Also the first and second, (JK, S,) or the first and third, (K,) (assumed tropical:) The refuse, or the low, ignoble, or mean, (S, K,) or the bad, (JK,) of mankind: (JK, S, K:) the lowest, basest, or meanest, sort, and the mass, thereof or the weak thereof. (TA.) You say, ذَاكَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ خُمَّانِ النَّاسِ and خَمَّانِ النَّاسِ (assumed tropical:) That is a man of the refuse, &c., of mankind. (S.) [See also خُمَامٌ.]

خِمَّانٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

خِمْخِمٌ One who speaks with [or through] his nose. (TA.) [See R. Q. 1.]

خَمْخَامٌ: see R. Q. 1.

خَامٌّ: see خَمٌّ.

خَيْمُومَةٌ, mentioned in this art. by Golius and Freytag, belongs to art. خيم.]

مُخِّمٌ: see خَمٌّ.

مِخَمَّةٌ A broom; a thing with which one sweeps. (K.) b2: [Hence,] هُوَ مِخَمَّةٌ وَ مِثَمَّةٌ (assumed tropical:) He is a vehement eater [and one who sweeps together the good and the bad]. (JK.) [See also art. ثم.]

قَلْبٌ مَخْمُومٌ (tropical:) A heart clear from malevolence, malice, or spite, and envy. (S, TA.) And مَخْمُومُ القَلْبِ (tropical:) Having the heart clear from malevolence, malice, or spite, and envy: (K, TA:) or from dishonesty, or dissimulation, and envy; as explained by Mohammad himself, when used by him: or from dishonesty, or dissimulation, and corruption: or from pollution: all these explanations being from خَمَّ signifying “ he cleaned out ” a well. (TA.)

نجو
أصل النَّجَاء: الانفصالُ من الشيء، ومنه: نَجَا فلان من فلان وأَنْجَيْتُهُ ونَجَّيْتُهُ. قال تعالى:
وَأَنْجَيْنَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا
[النمل/ 53] وقال:
إِنَّا مُنَجُّوكَ وَأَهْلَكَ
[العنكبوت/ 33] ، وَإِذْ نَجَّيْناكُمْ مِنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ
[البقرة/ 49] ، فَلَمَّا أَنْجاهُمْ إِذا هُمْ يَبْغُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِ
[يونس/ 23] ، فَأَنْجَيْناهُ وَأَهْلَهُ إِلَّا امْرَأَتَهُ
[الأعراف/ 83] ، فَأَنْجَيْناهُ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ بِرَحْمَةٍ مِنَّا [الأعراف/ 72] ، وَنَجَّيْناهُما وَقَوْمَهُما
[الصافات/ 115] ، نَجَّيْناهُمْ بِسَحَرٍ نِعْمَةً [القمر/ 34- 35] ، وَنَجَّيْنَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا [فصلت/ 18] ، وَنَجَّيْناهُمْ مِنْ عَذابٍ غَلِيظٍ [هود/ 58] ، ثُمَّ نُنَجِّي الَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْا
[مريم/ 72] ، ثُمَّ نُنَجِّي رُسُلَنا [يونس/ 103] والنَّجْوَةُ والنَّجَاةُ: المكان المُرتفِع المنفصل بارتفاعه عمّا حوله، وقيل: سمّي لكونه نَاجِياً من السَّيْل، وَنَجَّيْتُهُ: تركته بنَجْوة، وعلى هذا: فَالْيَوْمَ نُنَجِّيكَ بِبَدَنِكَ
[يونس/ 92] ونَجَوْتُ قِشْرَ الشجرةِ، وجِلْدَ الشاةِ، ولاشتراكهما في ذلك قال الشاعر:
فقلت انْجُوَا عنها نَجا الجلد إنه سيرضيكما منها سنام وغاربه
ونَاجَيْتُهُ. أي: سارَرْتُه، وأصله أن تخلو به في نَجْوة من الأرض. وقيل: أصله من النّجاة، وهو أن تعاونه على ما فيه خلاصه. أو أن تَنْجُوَ بسرِّك من أن يطلع عليك، وتَنَاجَى القومُ، قال: يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذا تَناجَيْتُمْ فَلا تَتَناجَوْا بِالْإِثْمِ وَالْعُدْوانِ وَمَعْصِيَةِ الرَّسُولِ وَتَناجَوْا بِالْبِرِّ وَالتَّقْوى
[المجادلة/ 9] ، إِذا ناجَيْتُمُ الرَّسُولَ فَقَدِّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ نَجْواكُمْ صَدَقَةً
[المجادلة/ 12] والنَّجْوَى أصله المصدر، قال:
إِنَّمَا النَّجْوى مِنَ الشَّيْطانِ [المجادلة/ 10] وقال: أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ نُهُوا عَنِ النَّجْوى [المجادلة/ 8] ، وقوله: وَأَسَرُّوا النَّجْوَى الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا [الأنبياء/ 3] تنبيها أنهم لم يظهروا بوجه، لأنّ النّجوى ربّما تظهر بعد. وقال: ما يَكُونُ مِنْ نَجْوى ثَلاثَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ رابِعُهُمْ [المجادلة/ 7] وقد يوصف بالنّجوى، فيقال: هو نَجْوَى، وهم نَجْوَى. قال تعالى: وَإِذْ هُمْ نَجْوى [الإسراء/ 47] والنَّجِيُّ: المُنَاجِي، ويقال للواحد والجمع. قال تعالى: وَقَرَّبْناهُ نَجِيًّا
[مريم/ 52] ، وقال: فَلَمَّا اسْتَيْأَسُوا مِنْهُ خَلَصُوا نَجِيًّا [يوسف/ 80] وانْتَجَيْتُ فلانا: استخلصته لسرِّي، وأَنْجَى فُلانٌ: أتى نَجْوَةً، وهم في أرض نَجَاةٍ: أي: في أرض يُسْتَنْجَى من شَجَرِها العِصِيُّ والقِسِيُّ. أي: يتّخذ ويستخلص، والنَّجا: عِيدانٌ قد قُشِرَتْ، قال بعضهم: يقال: نجوْتُ فلانا: استنكهته ، واحتجَّ بقول الشاعر:
نَجَوْتُ مجالدا فوجدت منه كريح الكلب مات حديث عهد
فإن يكن حمل نجوت على هذا المعنى من أجل هذا البيت فليس في البيت حجّة له، وإنما أراد أنّي سارَرْتُهُ، فَوَجَدْتُ من بَخَره ريحَ الكلب الميِّت. وكُنِّي عمّا يخرج من الإنسان بِالنَّجْوِ، وقيل: شرب دواءً فما أَنْجَاهُ. أي: ما أقامه، والاسْتِنْجَاءُ: تحرِّي إزالةِ النَّجْوِ، أو طلب نَجْوَةٍ لإلقاء الأَذَى. كقولهم: تَغَوَّطَ: إذا طلب غائطاً من الأرض، أو طلب نجوةً. أي: قِطْعَةَ مَدَرٍ لإزالة الأذى. كقولهم: اسْتَجْمَرَ إذا طلب جِمَاراً. أي: حجرا، والنّجأة بالهمز: الإصابة بالعين. وفي الحديث: «ادْفَعُوا نَجْأَةَ السَّائِلِ بِاللُّقْمَة» .