أَبى
: (ى {أَبَى الشَّيْءَ} يَأْبَاهُ) بِالْفَتْح فيهمَا مَعَ خُلُوِّهِ من حُرُوف الحَلْقِ وَهُوَ شاذٌّ، وَقَالَ يَعْقُوب: أَبَى! يأْبَى نادرٌ. وَقَالَ سِيبَوَيْهٍ: شبهوا الألفَ بِالْهَمْزَةِ فِي قَرَأَ يقْرَأ، وَقَالَ مرّة أَبى يَأْبَى ضارَعُوا بِهِ حَسَبَ يَحْسِبُ فَتَحُوا كَمَا كسروا، وَقَالَ الْفراء: لم يجىء عَن الْعَرَب حَرْفٌ على فَعَلَ يَفْعَلُ مَفْتُوح الْعين فِي الْمَاضِي والغابر إلاّ وثانيه أَو ثالثُهُ أحد حُرُوف الْحلق غير أَبَى يأبَى، وَزَاد أَبُو عَمْرو رَكَنَ يَرْكَنُ، وَخَالفهُ الفرَّاء فَقَالَ: إِنَّمَا يُقَال رَكَنَ يَرْكُنُ ورَكِنَ يَرْكَنُ.
قلت وَهُوَ من تَدَاخُلِ اللغتين، وزادَ ثعلبٌ: قَلاَه يقلاه وغَشَى يَغْشَى وشجا يَشْجَى، وزادَ المبرّد جَبَا يَجْبَى.
قلت: وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَر اللَّبليّ فِي بغية الآمال سَبْعَ عشرَة كلمة شذَّتْ سِتَّة عُدَّتْ فِي الصَّحِيح وَاثْنَتَانِ فِي المضاعَفِ وَتِسْعَة فِي المعتلِّ فعدَّ مِنْهَا ركن يركن وَهلك يهْلك وَقَنطَ يقنط.
قلت: وَهَذِه حَكَاهَا الجوهريّ عَن الْأَخْفَش، وَحضر يحضر ونضر ينضر وَفضل يفضل هَذِه الثَّلَاثَة ذكرهن أَبُو بكر بن طَلْحَة الإشبيلي، وعضضتُ تعض حَكَاهَا ابْن القطاع، وبضَّتِ الْمَرْأَة تَبَضُّ عَن يَعْقُوب، وَفِي المعتل أبَى يأبَى، وَجَبا المَاء فِي الْحَوْض يَجْبَى، وقَلَى يَقْلَى، وَخَظَى يَخْظَى إِذا سمن، وغَسَى الليلُ يَغْسَى إِذا أظلم، وَسَلَى يَسْلَى وَشَجَى يَشْجَى، وَعَثَى يَعْثَى إِذا أفسد، وَعَلَى يَعْلَى، وَقد سمع فِي مِثَال المضاعف وَمَا بَعْدَه مجيئهما على الْقيَاس مَا عدا أَبى يَأْبَى فَإِنَّهُ مَفْتُوح فيهمَا متفِقٌ عَلَيْهِ من بَينهَا من غير اختلافِ، وَقد بيّنت ذَلِك فِي رِسَالَة التَّصْرِيف، قَالَ ابْن جنّيّ (وَقد قَالُوا: {أَبَاهُ (} يَأْبِيهِ على وَجْهِ الْقيَاس كَأتى يأتِي، وَأنْشد أَبُو زيد:
يَا إبلي مَا ذامُهُ {فتأبِيَهْ ماءٌ رُواءٌ ونَصِيٌّ حَوْلِيَه ْفقول شَيخنَا: ويأبِيه بِالْكَسْرِ وَإِن اقْتَضَاهُ الْقيَاس فقد قَالُوا إِنَّه غيرُ مسموع مردودٌ لما نَقله ابْن جني عَن أبي زيد، وَقَالَ أَيْضا: قَوْله أَبَى الشيءَ} يأباه {ويأبيه جرى فِيهِ على خلاف اصْطِلَاحه، لِأَن تكْرَار الْمُضَارع يدلُّ على الضَّم وَالْكَسْر لَا الْفَتْح، وَكَأَنَّهُ اعتمدَ على الشّهْرَةِ قَالَ ابْن بَريّ: وَقد يُكْسَرُ أوّلُ المضارِع فَيُقَال} تِئْبَى وَأنْشد:
ماءٌ رُواءٌ وَنَصِيٌّ حَوْلِيَه هَذَا بأَفْواهِكَ حَتَّى {تِئْبِيَهْ قلت: وَقَالَ سِيبَوَيْهٍ: وَقَالُوا} يِئْبَى وَهُوَ شاذّ من وَجْهَيْنِ: أحدَهُما: أَنه فَعَلَ يَفْعَلُ وَمَا كَانَ عَلَى فَعَلَ لم يكسر أَوله فِي الْمُضَارع فكسروا هَذَا لِأَن مضارعه مشاكلٌ لمضارع فَعِلفَكَمَا كَسِرَ أول مضارع فَعِل فِي جَمِيع اللُّغَات إِلَّا فِي لُغَة أهل الْحجاز كَذَلِك كَسَرُوا يَفْعل هُنَا. وَالْوَجْه الثَّانِي: من الشُّذوذ أَنهم تَجَوَّزوا الْكسر فِي يَاء يِئْبَى، وَلَا تُكْسَر الْبَتَّةَ إِلَّا فِي نَحْو يَبْجَلُ، واستجازوا هَذَا الشذوذ فِي يَاء يِئْبَى لِأَن الشذوذ قد كثر فِي هَذِه الْكَلِمَة ( {إباءً} وإباءة بكسرهِما فَهُوَ {آبٍ} وَأَبِيّ {وَأبيانِ بِالتَّحْرِيكِ، أنْشد ابْن بَرِّي لبشر بن أبي خازم:
يَرَاهُ النَّاسُ أخْضَرَ مِنْ بَعِيدٍ وَتَمْنَعُهُ المَرَارَة} وَالإِباءُ (كِرهه قَالَ شَيخنَا: فَسَّر {الإباء هُنَا بالكره، وَفسّر الكره فِيمَا مضى} بالإباء على عَادَته، وَكثير يفرِّقون بَينهمَا فَيَقُولُونَ: الإباء هُوَ الِامْتِنَاع عَن الشَّيْء والكراهية لَهُ بغضه وَعدم ملايمته (وَفِي الْمُحكم قَالَ الْفَارِسِي: أَبى زيد من شرب المَاء و ( {آبَيْتُهُ إيّاهُ قَالَ سَاعِدَة بن جؤية:
قَدْ} أوبِيَتْ كُلَّ ماءٍ فَهِيَ صَادِيةٌ مَهْما تُصِبْ أُفُقاً من بارقٍ تَشِمِ ( {والأبية هَكَذَا فِي النُّسَخ، وَفِي بَعْضهَا} الآبِيَةُ بِالْمدِّ (الَّتِي تعَافُ الماءَ و) هِيَ أَيْضا (الَّتِي لَا تُريدُ عَشاءً وَمِنْه الْمثل: العاشِية تُهَيِّجُ الآبِيَة أَي إِذا رَأَتْ الآبيةُ الإبلَ العَوَاشِي تَبِعَتْها فَرَعَتْ مَعَهَا (والآبية من (الْإِبِل الَّتِي (ضُرِبَتْ فَلم تَلْقَحْ كأَنها أبَتِ اللِّقاحَ (ومَاءة مَأباةٌ تأباها الإبلُ) أَي مِمَّا تحْمِلها على الِامْتِنَاع مِنْهَا (وَيُقَال: (أَخذه أُباءٌ من الطّعامِ بالضَّمِّ أَي (كَرَاهةً) جاؤوا بهِ على فُعَال لِأَنَّهُ كالداء، والأدواء مِمَّا يغلب عَلَيْهَا فُعَالِ.
(ورجُلٌ آبٍ من: قوم ( {آبينَ} وَأُباةٍ كَدُعاةٍ ( {وَأُبَيَ) بِضَم فَكسر فتشديد (} وَإباءٍ كَرِجال وَفِي بعض الْأُصُول كَرُمّان (وَرَجُل {أَبِيٌّ كَغَنِيّ (مِنْ قوم (} أبيِّينَ) قَالَ ذُو الإصبع العدواني:
إنِّي {أَبِيٌّ أَبِيّ ذُو مُحَافَظَةٍ
وَابنُ أَبِيّ مِنْ أَبِيِّينِشَبَّه نون الْجمع بنُون الأَصْل فَجَرَّها (} وَأَبَيتُ الطّعامَ واللبَّن (كرَضِيتُ {إبّىً بِالْكَسْرِ وَالْقصر (انْتَهَيْتُ عَنهُ من غيرِ شِبَعٍ، ورجُلٌ} أَبَيانٌ محركةً {يأبَى الطَّعامَ أَو الَّذِي يأبَى (الدَّنيئَة والمذامّ وَأنْشد الجوهريُّ لأبي المجشّر الجاهلي:
وَقَبْلَكَ مَا هابَ الرّجالُ ظُلاّمَتِيوَفَقَأْتُ عَيْنَ الأشْوَسِ} الأبَيانِ (ج {إبيْانٌ بِالْكَسْرِ) عَن كرَاع (} وأَبِيَ الفَصيلُ كَرَضِيَ وَعُنِي {أَبى بِالْفَتْح وَالْقصر (سَنِقَ من اللَّبَنِ وأَخَذَهُ أُبَاءٌ (و) } أَبِيَ (العَنْزُ أَبيَّ (شَمَّ بَوْلَ) الماعز الْجبلي وَهُوَ (الأرْوِيِّ) أَو شَرِبَهُ أوْ وَطِئه (فَمَرِضَ بِأَن يَرِمَ رأسُهُ وَيَأْخُذَهُ من ذَلِك صداعٌ فَلَا يكادُ يُبرأ، وَلَا يكَاد يقدِر على أكل لَحْمه لمرارته، وَرُبمَا ( {أَبيَت الضَّأْن من ذَلِك غير أَنه قلّما يكون ذَلِك فِي الضَّأْن، وَقَالَ ابْن أَحْمَر لراعي غنم لَهُ أَصَابَهَا} الأباء:
فَقُلْتُ لِكَنّازِ تَوَكَّلْ، فَإِنَّهُأُبىً لَا أظنُّ الضأنَ مِنْهُ نَواجيافَمَالَكِ مِنْ أَرْوَى تَعَادَيْنَ بِالعَمَى وَلاقَيْنَ كَلاَّباً مُطِلاً وَرَامِيا قَوْلُه: لَا أَظنُّ الخ. أَي مِن شِدَّته، وذلِكَ أَنَّ الضَّأْنَ لَا يضرُّهَا الأُباءُ أَن يَقْتُلَها.
وَقَالَ: أَبُو حنيفَةَ: الأُباءُ عَرَضَ يَعْرِض للعُشْبِ مِن أَبْوالِ الأَرْوَى، فَإِذا رَعَتْه المَعَز خاصَّة قَتَلَها، وكَذلِكَ إِن بالَتْ فِي الماءِ فشَرِبَتْ مِنْهُ المَعَز هَلَكَتْ.
قالَ أَبو زيدٍ: أَبِيَ التَّيْسُ وَهُوَ يَأْبَى أَبىً، مَنْقوصٌ، وتَيْسٌ {آبي بَيِّنُ} الاباء إِذا شَمَّ بَوْلَ الأَرْوَى فمَرِضَ مِنْهُ، (فَهُوَ {أَبْوَأُ مِن تُيوسٍ} أُبْوٍ وأَعْنُزٍ أُبْوٍ؛ وعَنْزٌ أَبيةٌ {وأَبْواءُ.
وقالَ أَبو زيادٍ الكِلابيّ والأَحْمر: قد أَخَذَ الغَنَم} الأُبَا، بالقَصْرِ، وَهُوَ أَنْ تَشْرَبَ أبْوالَ الأَرْوَى فيُصِيبُها مِنْهُ داءٌ.
قالَ الأَزْهرِيُّ: قَوْلَهُ: تَشْرَبَ خَطَأٌ، إنَّما هُوَ تَشُمُّ، وكَذلِكَ سَمِعْتُ العَرَبَ.
( {والأَباءُ، كسَحاب: البَرْدِيَّةُ، أَوْ الأَجَمَةُ، أَو هِيَ من الحَلْفاءِ خاصَّةً.
قالَ ابنُ جنِّي: كانَ أَبو بكْرٍ يشتقُّ} الأَباءَةَ مِن {أَبَيْت، وذلِكَ (لأَنَّ الأَجَمَةَ تَمْنَعُ) ؛ كَذَا فِي النسخِ والصَّوابِ تَمْتَنِعُ؛ وتَأْبَى على سالِكِها، فأصْلُها عنْدَه} أَبايَةٌ، ثمَّ عُمِلَ فِيهَا مَا عُمِل فِي عبَايَةٍ وصَلايَةٍ، حَتَّى صِرْنَ عَباءَةً وصَلاءةً! وأباءَةً، فِي قوْلِ مَنْ هَمَزَ، ومَنْ لم يَهْمز أَخْرجَهنَّ على أُصولِهنَّ، وَهُوَ القِياس القوِيُّ.
قالَ أَبو الحَسَنِ: وكما قيلَ لَهَا أَجَمَة مِن قوْلِهم أَجِمَ الطَّعامَ كَرِهَهُ.
(وقيلَ: هِيَ الأَجَمَةُ مِن (القَصَبِ خاصَّةً؛ وأَنْشَدَ الجَوْهرِيُّ لكَعْبِ بنِ مالِكٍ:
مَنْ سَرَّه ضَرْبٌ يُرَعْبِل بعضُه بَعْضًا كَمَعْمَعَةِ الأَباءِ المُحْرَقِ (واحِدَتُه بهاءٍ، ومَوْضعُه المَهْموزُ، وَقد سَبَقَ أَنَّه رأْيٌ لابنِ جنّي.
( {وآبى اللَّحْمِ الغِفاريُّ، بالمدِّ، (صَحابيٌّ، واخْتُلِفَ فِي اسْمِه فقيلَ: خَلَفٌ، وقيلَ: عبدُ اللَّهِ، وقيلَ: الحُوَيرثُ، اسْتَشْهَدَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْن، (وَكَانَ} يأْبَى اللَّحْمَ مُطْلقاً. وَالَّذِي فِي مُعْجم ابنِ فَهْد: خَلَفُ بنُ مالِكِ بنِ عبدِ اللهِ {آبَى اللّحْم، كانَ لَا يأْكُلُ مَا ذُبِحَ للأَصْنام، انتَهَى ويقالُ اسْمُه عبدُ الملكِ بنُ عبدِ اللَّه رَوَى عَنهُ مَوْلاهُ عُمَيْر وَله صحْبَةٌ أَيْضاً، وَالَّذِي فِي أنْسابِ أَبي عبيدٍ: الحُوَيْرث بنُ عبدِ اللَّهِ بنِ آبَى اللَّحْم قُتِلَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْن مَعَ النبِّي صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم وكانَ جَدُّهُ لَا يأْكُلُ مَا ذُبِحَ للأَصْنامِ فسُمِّي آبَى اللّحْم، انتَهَى. فتأَمَّل ذلِكَ.
(} والآبي: الأَسَدُ لامْتِناعِهِ.
(ومحمدُ بنُ يَعْقوبَ بن أَبِيَ، كعَلِيَ، مُحدِّثٌ، رَوَى عَنهُ أَبو طاهِرٍ الذّهليُّ.
( {وأَبَّى كحَتَّى، وقيلَ بتَخْفِيفِ الموحَّدَةِ أَيْضاً كَمَا فِي التَّبْصيرِ، التّشْديدُ عَن ابنِ ماكوُلا، والتَّخْفِيفُ عَن الخَطِيبِ، والبَصْريُّونَ أَجْمَعُوا على التَّشْديدِ؛ وَهُوَ (ابنُ جَعْفَرٍ النَّجيرَمِيُّ أَحَدُ الضُّعَفاءِ، كَمَا فِي التَّبْصيرِ، ورأَيْتُ فِي ذَيْلِ دِيوانِ الضُّعفاءِ للذَّهبيِّ بخطِّه مَا نَصَّه: أَبانُ بنُ جَعْفَر النَّجيرَميُّ عَن محمدِ بنِ إسْماعيلَ الصَّائِغ كذَّابٌ، رآهُ ابنُ حبَّان بالبَصْرَةِ، قالَهُ ابنُ طاهِرٍ، فتأمَّل. وَقد تقدَّمَ شيءٌ، مِن ذلِكَ فِي أَوَّل الكِتابِ.
((و) } أَبَّى، كحَتَّى: (بِئْرٌ بالْمدينةِ لبَني قُرَيْظَةَ.
قالَ محمدُ بنُ إسْحاق عَن معْبدِ بنِ كَعْبِ بنِ مالِكٍ قالَ: لمَّا أَتَى النبيُّ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم بَني قُرَيْظَةَ نَزَلَ على بئرٍ من آبارِهِم فِي ناحِيَةٍ مِن أَمْوالِهم يقالُ لَهَا بِئْرُ {أَبا.
قالَ الحازِمِيّ: كَذَا وَجَدْته مَضْبوطاً مجوّداً بخطِّ أَبي الحَسَنِ بنِ الفراتِ، قالَ: وسَمِعْتُ بعضَ المحصّلين يقولُ: إنّما هُوَ أُنا بضمِّ الهَمْزَةِ وتَخفيفِ النّون.
(ونَهْرُ) أَبَّى، كحتَّى، (بينَ الكُوفَةِ وقَصْرِ بني مُقاتِلٍ وقالَ ياقوتُ: قَصْرُ ابنِ هُبَيْرةَ يُنْسَبُ إِلَى أَبّى بنِ الصَّامغانِ مِن مُلُوكِ النَّبط.
قُلْتُ: ذَكَرَه هَكَذَا الهَيْثمُ بنُ عدِيَ.
(و) أَيْضا: (نَهْرٌ كبيرٌ (ببَطيحَةِ واسِطَ؛ عَن ياقوت.
(} والأَبَّاءُ بنُ {أُبَيٍّ، كشَدَّادٍ: مُحدِّثٌ؛} وأُبَيُّ، مُصَغَّراً، ابنُ نضلَةَ بنِ جابِرٍ، كانَ شَرِيفاً فِي زمانِهِ. فقَوْلُه: مُحدِّثٌ، فِيهِ نَظَرٌ.
( {والأُبِّيَّةُ، بالضَّمِّ وكسْرِ الموحَّدَةِ وتَشْديدِها وتَشْديدِ الياءِ: (الكِبْرُ والعَظَمةُ.
(وقالَ الهَرَويُّ: سَمِعْتُ أَبا يَعْقوبَ بنِ خرزاذ يقولُ: قالَ المُهَلبيُّ أَبو الحُسَيْن عَن أَبي إسْحاق النَّجيرَمِيّ: (بَحْرٌ لَا يُؤْبَى، أَي لَا يَجْعَلُكَ} تَأْبَاهُ.
ونَقَلَ الجَوْهرِيُّ عَن ابنِ السِّكِّيت: (أَي لَا يَنْقَطِعُ مِن كَثْرَتِه؛ وكَذلِكَ كَلأٌ لَا {يُؤْبَى.
وقالَ غيرُهُ: وَعِنْده دَراهِمُ لَا} تُؤْبَى، أَي لَا تَنْقَطِعُ.
وحَكَى اللَّحْيانيُّ: عنْدَنا ماءٌ مَا يُؤْبَى، أَي مَا يَقِلُّ.
( {والإِبْيَةُ، بالكسْرِ: ارْتِدادُ اللَّبَنِ فِي الضَّرْعِ. يقالُ للمَرْأَةِ إِذا حُمَّتْ عنْدَ ولادهِا إنَّما هَذِه الحُمَّى} إبْيَة ثَدْيك.
قالَ الفرَّاءُ:! الإبْيَةُ غرارُ اللَّبَنِ وارْتِدادُه فِي الثَّدْي؛ كَذَا نَصّه فِي التّكْمَلَةِ. فقَوْلُ المصنِّفِ: فِي الضَّرْع فِيهِ نَظَرٌ، تأمَّل ذَلِك.
( {والأَبَا، بالقَصْرِ، (لُغَةٌ فِي} الأبِ، وَلم تُحْذَفْ لامُه كَمَا حُذِفَتْ فِي الأبِ، يقالُ: هَذَا أَباً ورأَيْتُ {أَباً ومَرَرْتُ} بأَباً، كَمَا نقولُ: هَذَا قَفاً ورأَيْتُ قَفاً ومَرَرْتُ بقَفاً.
(وأَصْلُ الأبِ {أَبَوٌ، محرّكةً، لأنَّ (ج} آباءٌ، مثْلُ قَفّاً وأَقْفاءٍ، ورَحىً وأَرْحاءٍ، فالذَّاهِبُ مِنْهُ واوٌ لأنَّك تقولُ فِي التَّثْنيةِ {أَبَوانِ، وبعضُ العَرَبِ يقولُ} أَبانِ على النَّقْصِ، وَفِي الإِضافَةِ {أَبِيَكَ، (وَإِذا جَمَعْتَ بالواوِ والنُّونِ قُلْتَ: (} أَبُونَ، وكَذلِكَ أَخُونَ وحَمُونَ وهَنُونَ، قالَ الشَّاعِرُ:
فَلَمَّا تَعَرَّفْنَ أَصْواتَنا بَكَيْنَ وفَدَّيْتَنا {بالأَبِينا وعَلى هَذَا قَرَأَ بعضُهم: {لَهُ} أَبِيكَ إبراهيمَ وإسْماعيلَ وإسْحاقَ} يُريدُ جَمْعَ {أَبٍ أَي} أَبِينَكَ، فحذَفَ النّونَ للإضافَةِ؛ نَقَلَهُ الجَوْهرِيُّ.
قالَ ابنُ بَرِّي: وشاهِدُ قَوْلِهم: أَبانِ فِي تَثْنيةِ أَبٍ قَوْلُ تُكْتَمَ بنْت الغَوْثِ:
باعَدَني عَن شَتْمِكُمْ أَبانِعن كُلِّ مَا عَيْبٍ مُهَذَّبانِ وقالتِ الشَّنْباءُ بنْتُ زيْدِ بنِ عُمارَةَ:
نِيطَ بِحَقْوَيْ ماجِدِ! الأَبَيْن ِمن مَعْشَرٍ صِيغُوا من اللُّجَيْنِقالَ: وشاهِدُ أَبُونَ فِي الْجَمْعِ قَوْلُ الشاعِر:
أَبُونَ ثلاثةٌ هَلَكُوا جَمِيعاً فَلَا تَسْأَمْ دُمُوعُكَ أَن تُراقا قَالَ الأزْهرِيُّ والكَلامُ الجَيِّدُ فِي جَمْعِ الأبِ الآباءُ، بالمدِّ.
( {وأَبَوْتَ} وأَبَيْتَ صِرْتَ {أَباً؛ وَمَا كُنْتَ أَباً وَلَقَد} أَبَوْتَ {أُبُوَّةً، وَعَلِيهِ اقْتَصَرَ الجَوْهرِيُّ؛ ويقالُ:} أَبَيْتَ؛ وكَذلِكَ مَا كنْتَ أَخاً وَلَقَد أَخَوْتَ وأَخَيْتَ، ( {وأَبَوَتُه} إِباوَةً، بالكسْر: صِرْتُ لَهُ أَباً؛ والاسمُ {الإبْواءُ؛ قالَ بخْدَج:
اطْلُبْ أَبا نَخْلَةَ مَنْ يَأْبُوكا فقد سَأَلْنا عَنْكَ مَنْ يَعْزُوكا إِلَى} أَبٍ فكلُّهم يَنْفِيكا وقالَ ابنُ السِّكِّيت: أَبَوْتُ لَهُ آبُوهُ إِذا كُنْتَ لَهُ أَباً.
وقالَ ابنُ الأعْرابيِّ: فلانٌ {يَأْبُوكَ، أَي يكونُ لَكَ أَباً، وأَنْشَدَ لشريكِ بنِ حَيَّان العَنْبَريّ يَهْجُو أَبا نُخَيْلة السَّعْدي:
فاطْلُب أَبا نَخْلَةَ مَنْ} يَأْبُوكَا وادَّعِ فِي فَصِيلَةٍ تُؤْوِيكَاقالَ ابنُ بَرِّي: وعَلى هَذَا يَنْبَغي أَن يُحْمَل قَوْلُ الشَّرِيف الرَّضِي:
تُزْهَى عَلى مَلِك النِّساءِ فلَيْتَ شِعْري مَنْ {أَباها؟ أَي مَنْ كانَ أَباها، قالَ: ويَجوزُ أَنْ يُريدَ} أَبَوَيْها فَبَناهُ على لُغَةِ مَنْ يَقُول {أَبان} وأَبُونَ.
(وقالَ أَبو عبيدٍ: ( {تَأَبَّاه ُأَباً، أَي (اتَّخَذَه أَباً؛ وَكَذَا تَأَمَّاها أُمّاً، وتَعَمَّمَهُ عَمّاً.
(وَقَالُوا فِي النِّداءِ: يَا} أَبَتِ افْعَلْ، (بكسْر التَّاءِ وفَتْحِها.
(قالَ الجَوْهرِيُّ: يَجْعلُونهَ علامَةَ التَّأْنِيثِ عِوَضاً من ياءِ الإِضافَةِ، كقَوْلِهم فِي الأُمِّ: يَا أُمَّتِ، وتقفُ عَلَيْهَا بالهاءِ إلاَّ فِي القُرْآنِ فَإنَّكَ تقفُ عَلَيْهَا بالتاءِ اتِّباعاً للكِتابِ، وَقد يقفُ بعضُ العَرَبِ على هاءِ التَّأْنِيثِ بالتاءِ فيَقُولونَ: يَا طَلْحَةَ؛ قالَ: وإنَّما لم تَسْقطِ التاءُ فِي الوَصْلِ من الأَبِ، وسَقَطتْ من الأُمِّ إِذا قلْتَ يَا أُمَّ أَقْبِلي، لأنَّ الأَبَ لمَّا كانَ على حَرْفَيْن كَانَ كأَنَّه قد أُخِلَّ بِهِ، فصارَتِ الهاءُ لازِمَةً وصارَتِ التاءُ كأَنَّها بعْدَها، انتهَى.
قالَ سيْبَوَيْه: (وسَأَلْتُ الْخَليلَ عَن قَوْلِهم: (يَا {أَبَهْ، بالهاءِ وَيَا} أَبَتِ (وَيَا {أَبَتاهُ وَيَا أُمَّتاهُ، فزَعَمَ أنَّ هَذِه الهاءَ مثْلُ الهاءِ فِي عَمَّه وخَالَه، قَالَ: ويدلُّكَ على أَنَّ الهاءَ بمنْزِلَةِ الهاءِ فِي عَمَّه وخالَه أنَّك تقولُ فِي الوَقْفِ يَا أَبَهْ، كَمَا تقولُ يَا خالَهْ، وتقولُ يَا أَبَتاهْ كَمَا تقولُ يَا خالتَاهُ، قالَ: وإنّما يلزمون هَذِه الهاءَ فِي النِّداءِ إِذا أَضَفْتَ إِلَى نَفْسِك خَاصَّة، كَأَنَّهَا جَعَلُوها عِوَضاً من حذْفِ الياءِ، قَالَ: وأَرادُوا أَنْ يُخِلُّوا بالاسْمِ حينَ اجْتَمَعَ فِيهِ حَذْف النِّداء، (وأنَّهم لَا يَكادُونَ يقُولُونَ: (يَا} أَباهُ، وصَارَ هَذَا مُحْتَملاً عنْدَهم لِمَا دَخَلَ النِّداءَ مِن الحَذْفِ والتَّغْييرِ، فأَرَادُوا أَن يُعَوِّضوا هذَيْن الحَرْفَيْن كَمَا يَقولُونَ أَيْنُق، لمَّا حَذَفُوا العَيْن جَعَلوا الياءَ عِوَضاً، فلمَّا أَلْحَقُوا الهاءَ صَّيرُوها بمنْزِلَةِ الهاءِ الَّتِي (تلْزم) الاسْمَ فِي كلِّ مَوْضِع، واخْتَصّ النِّداء بذلِكَ لكَثْرتِه فِي كَلامِهم كَمَا اخْتصَّ بيا أَيُّها الرَّجُل.
وذَهَبَ أَبو عُثْمان المازِنيُّ فِي قِراءَةِ مَنْ قَرَأَ يَا {أَبَهَ، بفتْحِ الهاءِ إِلَى أنَّه أَرادَ يَا} أَبَتاهُ فحذَفَ الألِفَ، وقَوْلُه أَنْشَدَه يَعْقوبُ:
تقولُ ابْنَتي لمَّا رأَتْ وَشْكَ رِحْلَتي
كأَنَّك فِينا يَا {أَباتَ غَريب أَرادَ: أَبَتاهُ، فقدَّمَ الأَلِفَ وأَخَّر التاءَ، ذَكَرَه ابنُ سِيدَه والجَوْهرِيُّ.
وقالَ ابنُ بَرِّي: الصَّحِيحُ أنَّه ردَّ لامَ الكَلِمَة إِلَيْهَا لضَرُورَةِ الشِّعْرِ.
(وَقَالُوا: (} لابَ لَكَ، يُريدونَ لَا {أَبَ، لَكَ، فَحَذَفَوا الهَمْزَةَ البَتَّةَ، ونَظيرُهُ قَوْلَهم: وَيْلُمِّه، يُرِيدُونَ: وَبْلَ أُمِّه.
(وَقَالُوا: (لَا} أَبا لَكَ.
قالَ أَبو عليَ: فِيهِ تَقْديرانِ مُخْتلِفانِ لمعْنَيَيْن مُخْتلِفَيْن، وذلِكَ أنَّ ثَباتَ الأَلِفِ فِي أَبَا مِن أَبَالَكَ دَلِيلُ الإضافَةِ، فَهَذَا وَجْهٌ، ووَجْهٌ آخَرُ أَنَّ ثَباتَ اللامِ وعَمَل لَا فِي هَذَا الاسْم يُوجِبُ التَّنْكِيرَ والفَصْلَ، فثَباتُ الألِفِ دَليلُ الإضافَةِ والتَّعْريفِ، ووُجودُ اللامِ، دَليلُ الفَصْل والتَّنْكير وَهَذَانِ كَمَا تَراهُما مُتَدافِعَانِ.
(ورُبَّما قَالُوا: (لَا {أَباكَ، لأنَّ الَّلامَ كالمُقْحمةِ؛ (ورُبَّما حَذَفُوا الألفَ أَيْضاً فَقَالُوا (لَا} أَبَكَ، وَهَذِه نَقَلَها الصَّاغانيُّ عَن المبرِّدِ.
(وَقَالُوا أَيْضاً: (لَا أَبَ لَكَ؛ و (كُلُّ ذلِكَ دُعاءٌ فِي المَعْنَى لَا مَحالةَ، وَفِي اللَّفْظِ خَبَرٌ، أَي أَنتَ عنْدِي ممَّنْ تستحقُّ أَن يُدْعى عَلَيْهِ بفقْدِ! أَبيهِ. ويُؤَكّد عنْدك خُروجُ هَذَا الكَلام مَخْرَج المَثَل كُثْرتُه فِي الشِّعْرِ، وأنَّه (يقالُ لمن لَهُ أَبٌ وَلمن لَا أَبَ لَهُ، لأنَّه إِذا كانَ لَا أَبَ لَهُ لم يَجُزْ أَن يُدْعَى عَلَيْهِ بِمَا هُوَ فِيهِ لَا مَحالَةَ، أَلا تَرى أنَّك لَا تقولُ للفَقِيرِ أَفْقَرَه الله، فَكَمَا لَا تقولُ لمَنْ لَا أَبَ لَهُ: أَفْقَدَ اللَّهُ! أَباكَ، كَذلِكَ تَعْلم أنَّ قوْلَهم هَذَا لمَنْ لَا أَبَ لَهُ لَا حَقِيقَة لمعْناهُ مُطابِقَة للَفْظِه، وإنَّما هِيَ خارِجَةٌ مَخْرَج المَثَلِ على مَا فَسَّرَه أَبو عليَ، وَمِنْه قَوْلُ جريرٍ:
يَا تَيْمُ تَيْمَ عَدِيَ لَا أَبالَكُمُلا يَلْقَيَنَّكُمْ فِي سَوْءَةٍ عُمَرُفهذا أَقْوى دَليلٍ على أنَّ هَذَا القَوْلَ مَثَلٌ لَا حَقِيقَة لَهُ، أَلا تَرى أنَّه لَا يَجوزُ أنْ يكونَ للتَّيْم كلِّها أَبٌ واحِدٌ، ولكنَّكم كُلُّكُمْ أَهْلُ الدُّعاءِ عَلَيْهِ والإغْلاظ لَهُ؛ وشاهِدُ لَا أَباكَ، قَوْلُ أَبِي حَيَّة النُّميْري:
أَبِالْمَوْتِ الَّذِي لَا بُدَّ أَنِيمُلاقٍ لَا أَباكِ تُخَوِّفِيني؟ وأَنْشَدَ المبرِّدُ فِي الكامِلِ:
وَقد ماتَ شَمَّاخٌ وماتَ مُزَرِّدُوأَيُّ كَرِيمٌ لَا أَبَاكِ مُخَلَّدُ؟ وشاهِدُ لَا أَبالَكَ قَوْلُ الأَجْدَع:
فَإِن أَثْقَفْ عُمَيراً لَا أُقِلْهُوإن أَثْقَفْ أَبَاهُ فَلَا أَبا لَهْوقالَ زُفَرُ بنُ الحرِثِ:
أَرِيني سِلاحِي لَا أَبَالَكِ إنَّنيأَرَى الحَرْب لَا تَزْدادُ إلاَّ تَمادِياورُوِيَ عَن ابنِ شُمَيْل: أنَّه سَأَلَ الخَليل عَن قَوْلِ العَرَبِ لَا أَبَ لَكَ، فقالَ: مَعْناه لَا كافيَ لَكَ عَن نَفْسِك.
وقالَ الفرَّاءُ: هِيَ كلمةٌ تَفْصِلُ بهَا العَرَبُ كَلامَها. وقالَ غيرُهُ: وَقد تُذْكَرُ فِي مَعْرِض الذَّمِّ كَمَا يقالُ: لَا أُمَّ لَكَ، وَفِي مَعَرِض التَّعجُّبِ كقَوْلِهم: للَّهِ دَرُّكَ، وَقد تُذْكَر فِي معْنى جِدَّ فِي أَمْرِكَ وشَمِّر لأنَّ مَنْ لَهُ أَبٌ اتَّكَلَ عَلَيْهِ فِي بعضِ شأْنِهِ.
وسَمِعَ سُلَيْمانُ بنُ عبدِ المِلك أَعْرابيّاً فِي سَنَةٍ مُجْدِبةٍ يقولُ:
أَنْزِلْ علينا الغَيْثَ لَا أَبَالَكَ فحمَلَهُ سَلَيْمانُ أَحْسَن مَحْمَل، وقالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَن لَا أَبَ لَهُ وَلَا صاحِبَةَ وَلَا وَلَد.
( {وأَبو المرْأَةِ: زَوْجُها؛ عَن ابنِ حَبيبٍ.
وَفِي التّكْمِلَةِ:} والأَبُ فِي بعضِ اللُّغاتِ الزَّوْجُ انتهَى واسْتَغْربَه شيْخُنا.
( {والأُبُوُّ، كعُلُوَ: (} الأُبُوَّةُ، وهُما جَمْعانِ {للأبِ عَن اللّحْيانيِّ كالعُمُومَةِ والْخُؤُولَةِ؛ وَمِنْه قَوْلُ أَبي ذُؤَيْبِ:
لَو كانَ مِدحَةُ حَيَ أَنْشَرَتْ أَحَداً أَحْيا} أُبُوَّتِكَ الشُّمَّ الأَمادِيحُومِثْلُه قوْلُ لبيدٍ:
وأَنْبُشُ مِن تحتِ القُبورِ {أُبُوَّةً كِراماً هُمُ شَدُّوا عَليَّ التَّمائماوأَنْشَدَ القنانِيّ يمدَحُ الكِسائي:
أَبى الذَّمُّ أَخْلاقَ الكِسائِيِّ وانْتَمى لَهُ الذِّرْوة العُلْيا} الأُبُوُّ السَّوابِقُ ( {وأَبَّيْتُه} تَأْبِيَةً: قُلْتُ لَهُ! بأَبِي، والباءُ فِيهِ مُتَعلِّقةٌ بمحْذُوفٍ، قيلَ: هُوَ اسمٌ فيكونُ مَا بَعْده مَرْفوعاً تَقْديرُهُ أَنْتَ مَفْدِيٌّ بِأَبِي، وقيلَ: هُوَ فعْلٌ وَمَا بَعْده مَنْصوبٌ أَيفَدَيْتُكَ {بِأَبِي، وحذفَ هَذَا المُقدَّر تَخْفيفاً لكَثْرةِ الاسْتِعْمالِ وعِلْم المُخاطَبِ بِهِ.
(} والأَبْواءُ: ع قُرْبَ وَدَّانَ، بِهِ قَبْرُ آمِنَةَ بِنْت وهبٍ أُمِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم وقيلَ: هِيَ قَرْيةٌ مِن أَعْمالِ الفُرْع بينَ المَدينَةِ والجحفَةِ بَيْنها وبينَ المَدينَةِ ثلاثَةٌ وعِشْرونَ مِيلاً؛ وقيلَ {الأَبْواءُ جَبَلٌ على يَمِينِ آرةَ ويَمِين الطَّريقِ للمُصْعدِ إِلَى مكَّةَ مِن المَدينَةِ؛ وَهُنَاكَ بَلَدٌ يُنْسَبُ إِلَى هَذَا الجَبَل.
وقالَ السُّكَّريُّ: هُوَ جَبَلٌ مُشْرِفٌ شامخٌ ليسَ بِهِ شيءٌ مِن النَّباتِ غَيْر الخزم والبَشام وَهُوَ لخزاعَةَ وضمرَة، وَقد اخْتُلِفَ فِي تَحْقيقِ لَفْظِه فقيلَ: هُوَ فَعْلاءُ مِن} الأُبُوَّة، كَمَا يدلُّ لَهُ صَنِيعُ المصنِّفِ حيثُ ذَكَرَه هُنَا، وقيلَ: أَفْعال كأَنَّه جَمْعُ بوَ وَهُوَ الجِلْدُ، أَو جَمْعُ بُوىً وَهُوَ السَّوادُ، وقيلَ: إِنَّه مَقْلوبٌ مِن الأُوباءِ سُمِّي بذلِكَ لمَا فيهِ مِن الوَباءِ.
وقالَ ثابِتُ اللّغَويّ: سُمِّي لتبوُّءِ السُّيولِ بِهِ، وَهَذَا أَحْسَن، وسُئِلَ عَنهُ كثيِّرُ فَقَالَ: لأنَّهم تَبَوَّؤُا بِهِ مَنْزلاً.
( {وأَبَوَى، كجَمَزَى،} وأَبْوَى، كسَكْرَى، مَوْضِعانِ؛ أَمَّا الأوَّلُ: فاسمُ جَبَلٍ بالشامِ، أَو مَوْضِعٌ؛ قالَ الذّبيانيُّ يَرْثي أَخاهُ:
بَعْد ابنِ عاتِكَةَ الثَّاوِي على! أَبَوَى أَضْحَى ببلْدَة لَا عٍَ مّ وَلَا خَالِوأَمَّا الثَّاني: فاسمٌ للقَرْيَتَيْن على طَريقِ البَصْرةِ إِلَى مكَّةَ المَنْسوبَتَيْن إِلَى طَسْم وجَدِيس، قالَ المثقبُ العَبْديُّ: فإِنَّك لَو رأَيْتَ رِجالَ أَبْوَى غَدَاةَ تَسَرْبَلوا حَلَقَ الحَديدِوممَّا يُسْتدركُ عَلَيْهِ:
رجُلٌ {أَبْيانٌ، بالفتْح: ذُو} إباءٍ شَديدٍ؛ نَقَلَهُ الأزْهِريُّ.
{وأبَّاءٌ، كشَدَّادٍ: إِذا أَبَى أَنْ يُضامَ.
وتَأَبَّى عَلَيْهِ} تَأَبِّياً: امْتَنَعَ عَلَيْهِ: نَقَلَهُ الْجَوهرِيُّ.
ونُوقٌ {أَوَابٍ:} يَأْبَيْنَ الفَحْلَ.
{وَأَبَيْتَ اللَّعْنَ: من تحيَّاتِ المُلوكِ فِي الجاهِلِيَّةِ، أَي} أَبَيْتَ أنْ تَأْتيَ مَا تُلْعَنُ عَلَيْهِ وتُذَمُّ بسَببِهِ.
{وآبَى الماءُ: امْتَنَعَ فَلَا تَسْتَطِيع أَنْ تَنْزلَ فِيهِ إلاَّ بتَغْريرٍ، وَإِن نَزَلَ فِي الرَّكِيَّةِ ماتِحٌ فأَسِنَ فقد غَرَّرَ بنَفْسِه أَي خاطَرَ بهَا.
} وأُوبِيَ الفَصِيلُ {إيباءً، فَهُوَ مُوبىً إِذا سَنِقَ لامْتِلائِهِ.
وأُوبيَ الفَصيلُ عَن لَبَنِ أُمِّه: اتَّخَم عَنهُ لَا يَرْضَعها.
وقالَ أَبو عَمْرو:} الأَبيُّ المُمْتَنِعَةُ مِن العَلَفِ لسَنَقِها، والمُمْتَنِعَةُ مِن الفَحْلِ لقلَّةِ هَدَمِها.
وقَليبٌ لَا {يُؤْبَى، عَن ابنِ الأَعرابيِّ، أَي لَا يُنْزَحُ وَلَا يُقالُ يُؤْبَى.
وكَلأٌ لَا يُوبَى: لَا يَنْقطِعُ لكَثْرتِه.
وماءٌ} مُؤْبٍ: قَليلٌ؛ عَن اللَّحْيانيّ.
وقالَ غيرُهُ: يقالُ للماءِ إِذا انْقَطَعَ: ماءٌ مُؤْبٍ.
وآبَى: نَقَصَ، رَوَاهُ أَبو عَمْروٍ عَن المُفَضَّلٍ.
وَقَالُوا: هَذَا {أَبُكَ، قالَ الشاعِرُ:
سِوَى} أَبِكَ الأَدْنى وأنَّ محمَّداً عَلى كلّ عالٍ يابنَ عَمِّ محمَّدٍ وعَلى هَذَا تَثْنِيتُه {أَبانٍ على اللَّفْظِ،} وأَبَوانِ على الأَصْلِ، ويقالُ: هُما {أَبواهُ} لأَبيهِ وأُمِّه، وجائِزٌ فِي الشِّعْر: هُما {أَباهُ، وكَذلِك رأَيْتُ} أَبَيْهِ.
وَفِي الحدِيث: أَفْلَح {وأَبيهِ إنْ صَدَقَ أَرادَ بِهِ تَوْكيدَ الكَلام لَا اليَمِين، لأنَّه نَهَى عَنهُ.
} والأبُ يُطْلَقُ على العَمِّ؛ وَمِنْه قَوْلُه تَعَالَى: {نَعْبُدُ إلهَك وإلَه {آباِئكَ إبراهيمَ وإسْمَاعِيلَ وإِسْحاقِ} .
قالَ اللَّيْثُ: يقالُ فلانٌ} يَأْبُو هَذَا اليَتِيمَ {إِباوَةً، أَي يَغْذُوه كَمَا يَغْذُوه الوالِدُ وَلَدَه ويُرَبِّيه، والنِّسْبَةُ إِلَيْهِ} أَبويٌّ.
وبَيْنِي وبينَ فلانٍ {أُبُوَّةٌ.
} وتَأَبَّاهُ: اتَّخَذَهُ {أَباً؛ والاسمُ} الأُبُوَّةُ؛ وأَنْشَدَ ابنُ بَرِّي:
فإنَّكُمُ والمُلْك يَا أَهْلَ أَيْلةٍ {لَكالمُتَأَبِّي وهْو ليسَ لَهُ أَبُويقالُ: اسْتَأَبَّ أَبّاً واسْتأْبِبْ أَبّاً.
قالَ الأزْهرِيُّ: وإنَّما شُدِّد الأبُ والفعْلُ مِنْهُ، وَهُوَ فِي الأَصْل غيرُ مشدَّدٍ، لأنَّ أَصْلَ الأَبِ أَبَوٌ، فزَادَ وأَبدَلَ الواوَ بَاء كَمَا قَالُوا قِنٌّ للعَبْدِ، وأَصْلُه قِنْيٌ.
} وبَأْبَأْتُ الصَّبيَّ: {بَأْبَأَةً: قُلْتُ لَهُ} بأَبِي أَنْتَ وأُمِّي، فلمَّا سُكِّنَتِ الياءُ قُلِبَت أَلِفاً، وفيهَا ثلاثُ لُغاتٍ: بِهَمْزةٍ مَفْتوحَةٍ بينَ الباءَيْنِ، وبقَلْبِ الهَمْزةِ يَاء مَفْتُوحَة، وبإبْدالِ الأخيرَةِ أَلفاً.
وحَكَى أَبو زيْدٍ: بَيَّبْتُ الرَّجُلَ إِذا قُلْت لَهُ بأَبي؛ وَمِنْه قَوْلُ الراجز:
يَا بِأَبي أَنْتَ وَيَا فَوقَ! البيَبْ قالَ أَبو عليَ: الياءُ فِي {بَيَّبْ مُبْدلَةٌ مِن هَمْزةٍ بَدَلاً لازِماً؛ وأَنْشَدَ ابنُ السِّكِّيت: يَا} بِيبَا أَنْتَ، وَهُوَ الصَّحِيحُ ليُوافِقَ لَفْظَ البِيَبِ لأنَّهُ مُشْتقٌّ مِنْهُ.
ورَوَاهُ أَبو العَلاءِ فيمَا حكَى عَنهُ التِّبْرِيزِي: وَيَا فوقَ {البِئَبْ بالهَمْز، قالَ: وَهُوَ مركَّبٌ مِن قوْلِهم بأَبِي، فأَبْقى الهَمْزَة لذَلِكَ.
وقالَ الفرَّاءُ فِي قوْلِ هَذَا الرَّاجزِ: جَعَلُوا الكَلِمَتَيْن كالواحِدَةِ لكَثْرتِها فِي الكَلامِ.
وحَكَى اللَّحْيانيُّ عَن الكِسائي: مَا يُدْرَى لَهُ مَن أَبٌ وَمَا أَبٌ، أَي مَنْ} أَبوهُ وَمَا أَبوهُ.
ويقالُ: للَّهِ {أَبُوكَ فيمَا يَحْسُن مَوْقِعُه ويُخْمَد فِي مَعْرضِ التَّعجُّبِ والمَدْحِ، أَي أَبُوكَ للَّهِ خالِصاً حيثُ أَنْجَب بكَ وأَتَى بمِثْلِكَ.
ويَقولُونَ فِي الكَرامَةِ: لَا أَبَ لِشانِيكَ وَلَا أَبا لِشانِيكَ.
ومِن المُكَنَّى} بالأبِ، قَوْلهم: {أَبو الحَارِثِ للأَسَدِ.
} وأَبو جَعْدَةَ: للذِّئْبِ.
وأَبو حُصَيْن: للثَّعْلَب.
وأَبو ضَوْطَري: للأَحْمقِ.
وأَبو حاجِبِ: للنَّارِ.
وأَبو جُخادِب: للجَرادِ.
وأَبو بَراقِش: لطائِرٍ مُرَقَّش.
وأَبو قَلَمُونَ: لثَوْبٍ يَتَلَوَّنُ أَلْواناً.
وأَبو قُبَيْسٍ: جَبَلٌ بمكَّة.
وأَبو دراسٍ: كُنْيَة الفَرْج.
وأَبو عَمْرَة: كُنْيَةُ الجُوعِ.
وأَبو مالِكٍ: كُنْيَة الهَرَمِ.
وأَبو مثوى: لربِّ المَنْزلِ.
وأَبو الأَضْيافِ: للمِطْعامِ.
وَفِي الحديثِ إِلَى المُهاجِرِ بنَ أَبو أُمَيَّة لاشتِهارِهِ بالكُنْيَة وَلم يكنْ لَهُ اسمٌ مَعْروفٌ، لم يُجَرّ كَمَا قيلَ عليُّ ابنُ أَبو طالِبٍ.
وكانَ يقالُ لعَبْدِ مَنَاف: أَبو البَطْحاءِ لأنَّهم شَرفُوا بِهِ وعَظُمُوا بدُعائِهِ وهِدايَتِه.
ويَقُولونَ: هِيَ بنْتُ {أَبيها، أَي أنَّها شَبِيهةٌ بِهِ فِي قُوَّةِ النَّفْسِ وحدَّةِ الخُلُقِ والمُبادَرَةِ إِلَى الأشْياءِ. وَقد جاءَ ذلِكَ عَن عائِشَةَ فِي حفْصَةَ، رضِيَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُمَا
وسالمُ بنُ عبدِ اللَّهِ بن} أَبَّى الأَنْدَلُسِيُّ، كحتَّى، يَرْوِي عَن ابنِ مزين، ماتَ بالأَنْدَلُسِ سَنَة 310، ذَكَرَهُ ابنُ يونُسَ، {وأُبَي بن أبَّاء بن} أُبَىَّ لَهُ خَبَرٌ مَعَ الحجَّاج ذَكَرَهُ أَبو العَيْناءِ.
وَأُبَيُّ بنُ كَعْبٍ سَيِّدُ القُرَّاءِ بَدْرِيٌّ؛ وأُبَيُّ بنُ عمارَةَ، صَحابيَّان.
وأُبيّ بنُ عبَّاسِ بنِ سُهَيْل عَن أَبيهِ احْتَجَّ بِهِ البُخارِي؛ وقالَ ابنُ مُعِينٍ: ضَعِيفٌ.
{وآبِي الْخَسْف: لَقَبُ خُوَيْلدِ بنِ أَسَدِ بنِ عبْدِ الْعُزَّى، والِدُ خَدِيجَةَ زَوْجِ النبيِّ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم وجَدُّ الزُّبَيْرِ بنِ العوامِ بنِ خُوَيْلد، وَفِيه يقولُ يَحْيَى بنُ عرْوَةَ بنِ الزُّبَيْر:
أبٌ لي} آبي الخسْف قد تَعْلَمُونهوفارسُ معروفٍ رئيسُ الْكَتَائِب! وإِبَّيَانُ بكسْرٍ وتَشْديدِ الموحَّدَةِ: قَرْيةٌ قُرْبَ قَبْرِ يونُسَ ابنِ متَّى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام، عَن ياقوت.

عرب

1 عَرُبَ لِسَانُهُ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. عُرُوبَةٌ, His tongue [or speech] was, or became, Arabic, (S, O,) or chaste Arabic. (Msb.) b2: See also 4, first sentence, in three places.

A2: عَرِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَرَبٌ, He (a man) became disordered in the stomach by indigestion. (TA.) And عَرِبَتْ مَعِدَتُهُ, inf. n. as above, His stomach became in a corrupt, or disordered, state, (S, O, Msb, K,) from being burdened. (TA.) b2: Also, (O, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) said of a camel's hump, (O, TA,) It became swollen and purulent. (O, K, TA.) b3: And, said of a wound, (S, O, K, TA,) It became corrupt: (TA:) or it broke open again; or became recrudescent: (S, O:) or it had a scar remaining after it had healed. (K.) b4: Said of a river, It abounded with water. (K.) and عَرِبَتِ البِئْرُ The well contained much water; or its water became abundant. (K.) b5: And, (K, TA,) inf. n. عَرَبٌ (O, * K, * TA) and عَرَابَةٌ, said of a man, (TA,) He was, or became, brisk, lively, or sprightly. (K, TA.) A3: عَرَبَ, (O, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَرْبٌ, (TK,) He ate (O, K) food. (TK.) 2 عرّب, (S, O,) inf. n. تَعْرِيبٌ, (S,) He (an Arab) arabicized a foreign word; spoke it, or pronounced it, agreeably with the ways of Arabic speech; (S;) as also ↓ اعرب, (S, O, *) inf. n. إِعْرَابٌ. (TA.) b2: And He taught another the Arabic language. (TA, from a trad.) b3: See also 4, in fourteen places. b4: The inf. n. signifies also The showing, or declaring, one's saying, (K, TA,) and one's deed, (TA,) to be bad, evil, abominable, or foul. (K, TA.) One says, عرّب عَلَيْهِ He showed him, or declared to him, that his saying, and his deed, was bad, &c.; and upbraided him for it. (TA.) And فَعَلْتُ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَمَا عَرَّبَ عَلَىَّ أَحَدٌ I did so and so, and no one upbraided me; or charged me with having acted disgracefully. (Az, TA.) And عرّب عَلَيْهِ فِعْلَهُ, (S, O,) and قَوْلَهُ, (TA,) He showed him, or declared to him, that his deed was bad, evil, abominable, or foul, (S, O,) and so his saying. (TA.) تَعْرِيبٌ is The saying to a man who has uttered what is foul, or erroneous, “It is not so, but so; ” telling him what is more correct. (Sh, TA.) And The replaying against a speaker; (K, TA;) and so ↓ إِعْرَابٌ. (TA.) One says, عرّب عَلَيْهِ He replied against him, denying or disallowing or disapproving what he said: (S:) or he prevented, hindered, or forbade, him: or he did so, and denied or disallowed or disapproved [what he said or did]. (TA.) [See what next follows.] b5: Also The treating medically, to remove his disease, one whose stomach is in a corrupt, or disordered, state. (O, K. [In both, التَّعْرِيبُ is expl. as meaning تَمْرِيضُ العَرِبِ i. e. الذَّرِبِ المَعِدَةِ. Freytag has strangely rendered the verb as signifying “ ægrotum reddidit aliquem stomachi corruptio. ”]) Az says that التَّعْرِيبُ followed by عَلَى and having for its object him who says what is disapproved may be from this. (TA.) b6: Also The lopping a palm-tree; or pruning it by cutting off some of its branches. (S, O, K. *) b7: And The scarifying a horse or similar beast in the parts of the skin next the hoofs and then cauterizing those parts: (K, TA:) or the cauterizing a horse in several places in those parts, and then gently scarifying them without producing any effect upon the sinews, or tendons, (Az, O, TA,) in order to strengthen the parts, (Az, TA,) or in order that the hair may become strong: (O:) or عرّب الفَرَسَ signifies he made an incision in the bottom of the horse's hoof; and the verb implies that, by this operation, what was concealed becomes apparent to the eye, so that one knows the state of the hoof, whether it be hard or soft, sound or diseased. (L, TA. See also 1 in art. بزغ.) A2: Also, the inf. n., The getting, or procuring for oneself, an Arabian horse. (TA. [See also 4, near the end.]) b2: And The taking, or making, for oneself, an Arabian bow. (O, K.) A3: Also the drinking much clear, or limpid, water, (O, K,) which is termed عَرِب. (O.) A4: عرّب البَقَرَةَ, (K,) or ↓ أَعْرَبَهَا, (O,) He rendered the cow desirous [of copulation]; said of a bull. (O, K.) A5: And عرّب, (Fr, Mgh, O,) inf. n. تَعْرِيبٌ; (Fr, O, K;) and ↓ اعرب, (Fr, Mgh, O, Msb,) inf. n. إِعْرَابٌ; (Fr, Mgh, K;) and ↓ عَرْبَنَ; (O, and S and K in art. عربن;) He gave what is termed an عُرْبُون (O, Msb, K) or عُرْبَان (Fr, Mgh) [i. e. an earnest], فِى كَذَا [in the case of such a thing], (O,) or فِى بَيْعِهِ [in the case of his purchase]. (Msb.) One says, ↓ أَعْرَبُوا فِى الدَّارِ أَرْبَعَمِائَةٍ They paid in advance, as an earnest, in the case of the house, four hundred [dirhems]. (L, TA.) It is related in a trad. that ↓ الإِعْرَاب in buying and selling is forbidden: (Mgh, O, TA:) this is said by Sh to mean A man's saying to another, If I do not purchase this for so much, thou shalt have such and such of my property. (O, TA.) 3 عَاْرَبَ [The following ex. is given of the inf. n. of this verb.] One says, مَا أُوتِىَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ مُعَارَبَةِ النِّسَآءِ مَا أُوتِىَ فُلَانٌ, (O,) or مَا أُوتِيتُهُ أَنَا, (TA,) meaning, (O, TA,) app., (TA,) [No one has been given what such a one has been given, or what I have been given, of] the means of coïtus [with women]. (O, TA.) 4 اعرب, (Az, Msb, TA,) [for اعرب الكَلَامَ, like افصح for افصح الكَلَامَ,] inf. n. إِعْرَابٌ, (A, K,) He spoke clearly, plainly, distinctly, or intel-ligibly, (Az, A, Msb, K, * TA,) in Arabic; (Msb;) as also ↓ تعرّب, and ↓ استعرب; said of a foreigner, or one [previously] not clear, plain, distinct, or intelligible, in speech: (Az, Msb, TA:) and ↓ عَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. عُرْبٌ and عُرُوبٌ, accord. to Th, and عُرْبَةٌ and عِرَابَةٌ [which accord. to general analogy would be عَرَابَةٌ] and عُرُوبِيَّةٌ; (TA;) or ↓ عَرِبَ, aor. ـَ (Msb;) [likewise] signifies he spoke clearly, plainly, or distinctly, after being barbarous, or vitious, in speech: (Msb, TA:) and ↓ عَرُبَ he spoke without incorrectness; (Msb;) and [so اعرب, for] إِعْرَابٌ signifies the committing no error in speech: (K, TA:) and the expressing of meanings clearly, plainly, distinctly, or perspicuously, by words. (TA.) [↓ عرّب, also, has a similar meaning:] it is said in a trad., أَنْ ↓ كَانُوا يَسْتَحِبُّونَ أَنْ يُلَقِّنُوا الصَّبِىَّ حِينَ يُعَرِّبُ يَقُولَ لَا إِلَاهَ إِلَّا اللّٰهُ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ (O, TA) i. e. [They used to like teaching the boy,] when he spoke distinctly, or articulately, [to say “ There is no deity but God ” seven times.] (TA.) And one says, اعرب الكَلَامَ, and اعرب بِهِ, meaning He made the speech [that he spoke] clear, plain, distinct, or perspicuous. (TA.) And اعرب بِحُجَّتِهِ He declared, or spoke out clearly or plainly, his argument, plea, allegation, or the like, without fearing any one. (S, O.) And أَعْرَبْتُ الشَّىْءَ and اعربت عَنْهُ, and ↓ عَرَّبْتُهُ and عرّبت عَنْهُ, which last, accord. to Fr, is better than عرّبتهُ and اعربتهُ, I made the thing clear, plain, distinct, or manifest. (Msb.) And اعرب عَمَّا فِى ضَمِيرِهِ He declared, or spoke out clearly or plainly, what was in his mind. (TA.) And اعرب عَنْهُ لِسَانُهُ, and ↓ عرّب عنه, His tongue made clear, or plain, or spoke clearly, or plainly, for him: and عَمَّا فِى ↓ يُعَرِّبُ قَلْبِهِ لِسَانُهُ His tongue tells plainly, or declares, what is in his heart. (Az, TA.) It is said in a trad., الثَّيِّبُ تُعْرِبُ عَنْ نَفْسِهَا, (S,) or الأَيِّمُ, and ↓ تُعَرِّبُ, accord. to different relaters, but some say the former only, (Msb,) i. e. [She who has become a widow, or been divorced, &c., or she who has no husband, whether she be a virgin or not, or not being a virgin,] shall speak out plainly for herself [when demanded in marriage]: (S, Msb:) or الثَّيِّبُ يُعْرِبُ عَنْهَا لِسَانُهَا, so accord. to IKt, (O,) or عنها ↓ يُعَرِّبُ, (Mgh, O,) so accord. to A 'Obeyd, but, as IAmb says, both are dial. vars. of which neither is preferable to the other; and the meaning is [she who has become a widow, &c., her tongue] shall declare for her. (O.) One says also, اعرب عَنِ الرَّجُلِ He spoke out, or explained, for the man. (TA.) And عَنِ القَوْمِ ↓ عَرَّبْتُ I spoke for the people, or party; (Fr, S, Mgh, * O, K;) and pleaded for them; (Fr, Mgh, * TA;) as also أَعْرَبْتُ; but the former in this sense is better known. (Mgh.) And اعرب عَنْهُ, and عنه ↓ عرّب, He pleaded his cause. (TA.) and عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ ↓ عرّب He spoke and pleaded for the object of his want. (A.) b2: اعرب also signifies He was, or became, chaste, uncorrupt, or free from barbarousness, in speech; although not an Arab. (Msb.) And لَهُ الكَلَامَ ↓ عَرَّبْتُ, inf. n. تَعْرِيبٌ; as also أَعْرَبْتُ له, inf. n. إِعْرَابٌ; I made the speech [that I spoke] clear, or plain, to him, so that there was in it no barbarousness. (TA.) And مَنْطِقَهُ ↓ عرّب, (S, O,) inf. n. تَعْرِيبٌ, (K,) He made his speech free from error, or incorrectness. (S, O, K.) And أَعْرَبْتُ الحَرْفَ I made the حرف [i. e. word] clear, or plain: or the ا in this case denotes privation, and the meaning is (assumed tropical:) I removed its عرب, [app. ↓ عَرَب, from this word as inf. n. of عَرِبَ used in relation to the stomach &c.,] i. e. vagueness. (Msb.) And اعرب كَلَامَهُ He made his speech free from error, or incorrectness, in [what is termed] الإِعْرَاب [here meaning what grammarians generally intend thereby, namely, desinential syntax, or the science of the various inflections of words, literal or virtual, by reason of the various governing words]. (S, O.) [اعرب is also used by grammarians as meaning He declined a word; and أُعْرِبَ as meaning It was declined, or declinable; in these senses opposed to بَنَى and بُنِىَ, inf. n. بِنَآءٌ: and the former also as meaning He analyzed grammatically, or parsed, a sentence: and the inf. n. of the verb (act. and pass.) in these senses is إِعْرَابٌ.] b3: See also 2, first sentence: b4: and again in the first third part of the paragraph. b5: إِعْرَابٌ also signifies The making [a person] to revert from, or relinquish, foul speech; (K, TA;) and so ↓ تَعْرِيبٌ. (TA.) b6: And The speaking foul, or obscene, language; as also ↓ تَعْرِيبٌ, and ↓ اِسْتِعْرَابٌ: (O, K:) thus it bears two contr. significations. (K, TA.) One says of a man, اعرب [&c.], (S, O,) or اعرب فِى كَلَامِهِ, (Msb,) He spoke foul, or obscene, language. (S, O, Msb.) [Golius and Freytag have assigned this meaning to ↓ تعرّب also: the latter of them as from the S and K; in neither of which do I find it.] b7: And The act of copulating: or the speaking of that act in an oblique, or indirect, manner. (K.) A2: and اعرب, (S, O,) inf. n. إِعْرَابٌ, (K,) He had a child born to him of Arabian complexion, or colour. (S, O, K.) b2: And He possessed, or acquired, or sought to acquire, horses, or camels, of pure Arabian race. (TA. [See also 2, in the middle of the latter half; and see مُعْرِبٌ.]) b3: And إِعْرَابٌ signifies One's knowing a horse of pure Arabian race from one of mean race by his neighing. (K.) And A horse's being known by his neighing to be of pure Arabian race, free from any admixture of other than Arabian blood: (K, TA:) [or his making himself to be known as such by his neighing; for] اعرب means he (a horse) neighed, and was consequently known to be of Arabian race. (A.) b4: And The making a horse to run. (K.) Accord. to Fr, one says, اعرب عَلَى فَرَسِهِ, meaning He made his horse to run: but he adds that some say اغرب. (O.) A3: And إِعْرَابٌ signifies The taking as one's wife a woman such as is termed عَرُوبٌ [q. v.]. (K.) A4: اعرب سَقْىُ القَوْمِ meansThe people's watering [of their camels], having been at one time on alternate days, and another time on the fourth day after that of the next preceding watering, then became, and continued to be, of one uniform way. (S, O.) A5: See also 2, last four sentences.5 تعرّب He assimilated himself to the Arabs. (S.) He (a man not of genuine Arabian descent) introduced himself among the Arabs, and spoke their language, and imitated their manner or appearance; [he became a naturalized, or an insitious, Arab; (see العَرَبُ;)] as also ↓ استعرب. (Az, TA.) b2: He became an Arab of the desert; (S, Mgh;) he returned to the desert, (Az, Mgh, TA,) after he had been dwelling in a region of cities or towns or villages and of cultivated land, and joined himself to the Arabs of the desert. (Az, TA.) Hence, تعرّب بَعْدَ هِجْرَتِهِ He became an Arab of the desert [after his flight, or emigration, for the sake of El-Islám], (S, Mgh,) returning to the desert. (Mgh.) b3: He dwelt, or abode, in the desert. (O, K.) b4: See also 4, first sentence. b5: تَعَرَّبَتْ لِزَوْجِهَا She acted in an amorous manner, or with amorous dalliance, and mani-fested love, to her husband. (A, TA.) b6: Respecting a meaning assigned to تعرّب by Golius and Freytag, see 4, latter half.10 استعرب: see 5: b2: see also 4, first sentence: b3: and the same again in the latter half of the paragraph.

A2: استعرب جَرَبًا, said of a camel, He was affected with mange, or scab, which began in his armpits and groins or similar parts, and his lips, and appeared upon the general extent of his skin. (O.) b2: And استعربت, said of a cow, She desired the bull. (O, K.) Q. Q. 1 عَرْبَنَ: see 2, near the end.

عَرْبٌ is syn. with إِعْرَابٌ in the sense of إِفْصَاحٌ [but app. as a subst. (not an inf. n.) meaning Clear, plain, or distinct, speech]. (TA.) b2: and syn. with عِرَابَةٌ, q. v. (TA.) b3: And syn. with عَرَبٌ as [inf. n. of عَرِبَ, and] meaning نَشَاطٌ [i. e. Briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness]. (O, K.) العُرْبُ: see العَرَبُ, first sentence.

عِرْبٌ Such as is dried up, of the [species of barley-grass called] بُهْمَى: (S, O, K:) or of any herb, or leguminous plant: n. un. with ة: or عِرْبُ البُهْمَى signifies the prickles of the بُهْمَى. (TA.) العَرَبُ, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K, &c.,) as also ↓ العُرْبُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) A certain people, or nation; [the Arabs, or Arabians;] (S, O;) the contr. of العَجَمُ (A, Msb, K, TA) and العُجْمُ; (TA;) the inhabitants of the cities, or large towns, (S, A, O, K,) or of the Arabian cities and towns or villages: (Mgh:) [but now, on the contrary, generally applied to those who dwell in the desert:] or those who have alighted and made their abode in the cultivated regions, and have taken as their homes the Arabian cities and towns or villages, and others also that are related to them: (Az, Msb:) or [accord. to general usage] an appellation of common application [to the whole nation]: (T, K:) [and in the lexicons and lexicological works applied to the desert Arabs of pure speech:] it is of the fem. gender: (Msb, K:) and العَرَبُ has two pls., namely, العُرُبُ, with two dammehs, and الأَعْرُبُ [which is a pl. of pauc.]: (Msb:) the rel. n. [which serves as a sing.] is ↓ عَرَبِىٌّ: (S, O, K: [عَرَبٌ عَرَبِىٌّ in the CK is a mistake:]) accord. to Az, (TA,) this appellation is applied to a man of established Arab lineage, even if he be not chaste, or correct, in speech. (Msb, TA.) The dim. of العَرَبُ is ↓ العُرَيْبُ, (S, O,) without ة, (O, TA,) an extr. word [with respect to analogy, as the undiminished noun is fem.]: (TA:) a poet (Abu-l-Hindee, whose name was 'Abd-El-Mu-min, son of 'AbdEl-Kuddoos, O, TA) says, وَمَكْنُ الضِّبَابِ طَعَامُ العُرَيْبِ وَلَا تَشْتَهِيهِ نُفُوسُ العَجَمْ

[And the eggs of dabbs are food of the little Arabs; but the souls of the Foreigners do not desire them]: in which he uses the dim. form to imply respect, or honour, like as it is used in the saying أَنَا جُذَيْلُهَا المُحَكَّكُ وَعُذَيْقُهَا المُرَجَّبُ [expl. in art. جذل]. (S, O.) b2: ↓ العَرَبُ العَارِبَةُ (in which the latter word is used as a corroborative of the former as in لَيْلٌ لَائِلٌ, S, O) and ↓ العَرَبُ العَرْبَآءُ (S, A, O, Msb, K) and ↓ العَرَبُ العَرَبِيَّةُ (O) and ↓ العَرَبُ العَرِبَةُ (K) and ↓ العَرَبُ العَرِبَاتُ (CK [but this I do not find in any other copy of the K]) are appellations of The pure, or genuine Arabs: (S, A, O, K:) or those who spoke the language of Yaarub Ibn-Kahtán; which is the ancient language: (Msb:) and ↓ العَرَبُ المُسْتَعْرِبَةُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) as also ↓ العَرَبُ المُتَعَرِّبَةُ, (S, O, K,) is an appellation of The insititious [or naturalized Arabs]; (K;) those who are not pure, or genuine, Arabs: (S, O:) or those who spoke the language of Ismá'eel [or Ishmael] the son of Ibráheem [or Abraham], i. e., the dialects of El-Hijáz and the parts adjacent thereto: (Msb:) and the appellation of ↓ مُسْتَعْرِبَةٌ is thought by Az to apply [also] to people not of pure Arabian descent, who have introduced themselves among the Arabs, and speak their language, and imitate their manner or appearance. (TA.) [The former division is most reasonably considered as consisting of the extinct tribes ('Ád, Thamood, and others mentioned in what follows); or of these together with the unmixed descendants of Kahtán, whose claims to the appellation of genuine Arabs are held by many to be equally valid: and the latter division, as consisting of those whose origin is referred, through Ma'add and 'Adnán, to Ismá'eel (or Ishmael), whose wife was descended from Kahtán. What I find in the TA, on this subject, is as follows.] The former of these two divisions consisted of nine tribes, descendants of Irem [or Aram] the son of Sám [or Shem] the son of Nooh [or Noah]; namely, 'Ád, Thamood, Umeiyim, 'Abeel, Tasm, Jedees, 'Imleek [or Amalek], Jurhum, and Webári; and from them Ismá'eel [or Ishmael is said to have] learned the Arabic language: and the ↓ مُتَعَرِّبَة are [said to be] the descendants of Ismá'eel, the descendants of Ma'add the son of 'Adnán the son of Udd: so says Abu-l-Khattáb Ibn-Dihyeh, surnamed Dhun-Nesebeyn: or the former division consisted of seven tribes, namely, 'Ád, Thamood, 'Imleek, Tasm, Jedees, Umeiyim, and Jásim; the main portion of whom has become extinct, some remains of them, only, being scattered among the [existing] tribes: so says IDrd: and the appellation of ↓ العَرَبُ العَارِبَةُ is also given to the descendants of Yaarub the son of Kahtán [only]. (TA.) [It should be observed, however, that the appellation of ↓ المُتَعَرِّبَةُ is, by those who hold the extinct tribes above mentioned as the only genuine Arabs, applied to the unmixed descendants of Kahtán; and ↓ المُسْتَعْرِبَةُ, to those who are held to be the descendants of Ismá'eel: thus in the Mz, 1st نوع.

Also, it should be observed that the appellation of ↓ العَرَبُ العَارِبِةُ, in the conventional language of Arabic lexicology, is often applied to the Arabs of the classical ages, and the later Arabs of the desert who retained the pure language of their ancestors, indiscriminately: it is thus applied by writers quoted in the Mz (1st نوع) to all the descendants of Kahtán, and those of Ma'add the son of 'Adnán (through whom all the descendants of Ismá'eel trace their ancestry) who lived before the corruption, among them, of the Arabic language.] b3: ↓ الأَعْرَابُ is the appellation given to Those [Arabs] who dwell in the desert; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) such as go about in search of herbage and water; and Az adds, whether of the Arabs or of their freedmen: he says that it is applied to those who alight and abide in the desert, and are neighbours of the dwellers in the desert, and journey, or migrate, with them, to seek after herbage and water: (Msb:) it is not a pl. of العَرَبُ, not being like الأَنْبَاطُ, which is pl. of النَّبَطُ; (S, O;) but is a [coll.] gen. n.: (S:) الأَعَارِيبُ occurs as its pl. (S, O, K) in chaste poetry: (S:) it has no sing. [properly so termed]: (K:) the rel. n. is ↓ أَعْرَابِىٌّ, (S, O,) which is applied to single person; (Msb;) as also بَدَوِىٌّ: (TA:) Az says, if one say to an أَعْرَابِىّ, يَا عَرَبِىُّ, he is pleased; and if one say to an عَرَبِىّ, يَا أَعْرَابِىُّ, he is angry. (TA.) b4: Authors differ as to the cause why the عَرَب were thus called: some say, because of the perspicuity of their speech, from إِعْرَابٌ: others, that they were so called from Yaarub the son of Kahtán, who is said to have been the first that spoke the Arabic language; his original language having been, as asserted by IDrd, [what the Arabs term] Syriac; though some say that Ismá'eel was the first that spoke the Arabic language; and some, that Yaarub was the first that spoke Arabic, and that Ismá'eel was the first that spoke the pure Arabic of El-Hijáz, in which the Kur-án was revealed: others say that the عَرَب were so called from العَرَبَةُ, the name of a tract near El-Medeeneh, or a name of Mekkeh and the adjacent region, where Ismá'eel settled, or the same as Tihámeh [as is said in the Mgh, in which this is pronounced to be the most correct derivation], or the general name of the peninsula of Arabia, which is also called العَرَبَاتُ [as is said in the Msb]: but some say that they were so called in like manner as were the فُرْس and the رُوم and the تُرْك and others, not after the name of a land or other than a land, but by the coining of the name, not a term expressive of a quality or a state or condition &c. (TA.) [If the country were called العَرَبَةُ, an inhabitant thereof might be called, agreeably with analogy, عَرَبِىٌّ; and then, the people collectively, العَرَبُ: but I think that the most probable derivation is from the old Hebrew word

עְרֶב, meaning “ a mixed people,”

which the Arabs assert themselves to have been, almost from the first; and in favour of this derivation it may be reasonably urged that the old Himyeritic language agrees more in its vocabulary with the Hebrew and Phœnician than it does with the classical and modern Arabic.]

A2: See also عَرَبَةٌ.

A3: And see عَرِبٌ.

A4: [It also app. signifies (assumed tropical:) Vagueness (considered as an unsoundness) in a word; from the same as inf. n. of عَرِبَ used in relation to the stomach &c.:] see 4, latter half.

عَرِبٌ [part. n. of عَرِبَ, q. v.: as such signifying] Having the stomach in a bad, or corrupt, state. (O, K.) And مَعِدَةٌ عَرِبَةٌ A stomach in a bad, or corrupt, state, (S, O, TA,) from being burdened. (TA.) b2: Also, and ↓ عَرَبٌ, (O, K,) the former of which is the more common, (TA,) and ↓ عُرْبُبٌ, (O, K,) Abundant water, (O, K,) such as is clear, or limpid. (K.) And نَهْرٌ عَرِبٌ (TA) and ↓ عَارِبٌ and ↓ عَارِبَةٌ (K) A river containing abundance of water. (K, TA.) And بِئْرٌ عَرِبَةٌ A well containing much water. (K.) b3: عَرِبَةٌ applied to a woman: see عَرُوبٌ, in four places. b4: العَرَبُ العَرِبَةُ and العَرِبَاتُ: see العَرَبُ, first quarter.

عَرْبَةٌ: see عِرَابَةٌ.

عَرَبَةٌ A river that flows with a vehement, or strong, current. (S, O, K.) A2: And i. q. نَفْسٌ [The soul, mind, or self]. (S, O, K.) [It is thought to occur in a pl. sense, without ة, as a coll. gen. n., in the following sense, quoted in the S immediately after the explanation above.] A poet says, (S,) namely, Ibn-Meiyádeh, (O,) لَمَّا أَتَيْتُكَ أَرْجُو فَضْلَ نَائِلِكُمْ

↓ نَفَحْتَنِى نَفَحَةً طَابَتْ لَهَا العَرَبُ [When I came to thee, hoping for the redundance of your bounty, thou gavest me a gift with which the souls were pleased]: (S, O:) thus related by some, and expl. as meaning طَابَتْ لَهَا النُّفُوسُ: but the [approved] relation is, طَارَتْ بِهَا العَرَبُ [(assumed tropical:) which the Arabs made to fly upon the wings of fame], i. e. حَدَّثَتِ العَرَبُ النَّاسَ بِهَا [meaning (assumed tropical:) of which the Arabs talked to the people]. (O.) A3: Also sing. of عَرَبَاتٌ (TA) which is the name of Certain stationary vessels that used to be in the Tigris. (K, TA.) b2: [As meaning A wheel-carriage of any kind (which is commonly called in Egypt عَرَبِيَّة) it is post-classical.]

العَرَبُ العَرْبَآءُ: see العَرَبُ, first quarter: and see عَرْبَانُ.

عُرْبُبٌ: see عَرِبٌ.

عَرَبِىٌّ; and العَرَبُ العَرَبِيَّةُ: see العَرَبُ, first quarter. b2: لَا تَنْقُشُوا فِى خَوَاتِيمِكُمْ عَرَبِيًّا, (Mgh, O, K, TA,) in a trad., or, as some relate it, ↓ العَرَبِيَّةَ, (TA,) means Engrave not on your signets مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللّٰهِ; (Mgh, O, K, TA;) because this was engraved on the Prophet's own signet: (O, TA:) as though he had said, نَبِيًّا عَرَبِيًّا [an Arabian prophet]; meaning himself. (O, K, TA.) Omar said, ↓ لَا تَنْقُشُوا فِى خَوَاتِيمِكُمُ العَرَبِيَّةَ [Engrave not on your signets Arabic]: and Ibn-'Omar disapproved of engraving on a signet words from the Kur-án. (Mgh, * O, TA.) [عَرَبِىُّ الوَجْهِ often occurs in post-classical works as meaning Having an Arab face; i. e. long-faced; opposed to تُرْكِىُّ الوَجْهِ.] b3: See also عِرَابٌ, in two places.

A2: Also A white barley, the ears of which are bifurcate [so I render, agreeably with the TK, سُنْبُلُهُ حَرْفَانِ]: (K, TA:) it is wide, and its grain is large, larger than the grain of the barley of El-'Irak, and it is the best of barley. (TA.) العَرَبِيَّةُ The Arabic language; (S, TA;) the language of the Kur-án. (Msb.) Katádeh says that the tribe of Kureysh used to cull, or select, what was most excellent in the dialects of the Arabs, [in the doing of which they were aided by the confluence of pilgrims from all parts of the country,] so that their dialect became the most excellent of all, and the Kur-án was therefore revealed in that dialect. (TA.) See also عَرَبِىٌّ, in two places. b2: And see عُرُوبَةٌ.

عَرْبَانُ [written in the TA without any syll. signs, but it is app. thus, fem. عَرْبَآءُ (like حَيْرَآءُ fem. of حَيْرَانُ), whence, probably, the appellation ↓ العَرَبُ العَرْبَآءُ,] A man chaste, uncorrupt, or free from barbarousness, in speech: so in the Towsheeh. (TA.) [See also عَرِيبٌ.]

عُرْبَانٌ and عُرُبَّانٌ: see what next follows.

عَرَبُونٌ and عُرْبُونٌ and ↓ عُرْبَانٌ (Mgh, * O, Msb, K) and ↓ عُرُبَّانٌ, mentioned on the authority of Ibn-Es-Seed, as of the dial. of El-Hijáz, and عَرْبُونٌ, mentioned by AHei, but this last is a vulgar word, and is disallowed by Lb; (TA;) as also أَرَبُونٌ and أُرْبُونٌ and أُرْبَانٌ; (Mgh, * Msb, K;) [An earnest, or earnest-money;] a portion of the price, whereby a bargain is ratified; (K, TA;) a thing that is paid by the purchaser of a commodity, (Mgh, O, Msb,) or by the hirer of a thing, (Msb,) on the condition that if the sale (Mgh, O, Msb) or hire (Msb) have effect, it shall be reckoned as part of the price, and otherwise shall not be reclaimed; (Mgh, O, Msb;) called by the vulgar رَبُون: (O:) it is forbidden in a trad., (Mgh, O, TA,) and by most of the lawyers, but allowed by some: (TA:) عربون is said by As to be a foreign word arabicized, (Msb,) and so say many authors; though it is said by some of the expositors of the Fs to be from التَّعْرِيبُ signifying “ the making clear, plain,” &c.; اربون being also derived from أُرْبَةٌ signifying “ a knot: ” (TA:) and [it is said that] the ن in عربون and عربان may be augmentative or radical, because one says أَعْرَبَ فِى كَذَا and عَرْبَنَ. (O.) b2: [Hence,] أَلْقَى عَرَبُونَهُ (assumed tropical:) He ejected his excrement, or ordure. (O, K, TA.) عِرْبِيَآءُ: see عَرُوبَآءُ.

عَرَابٌ The fruit of the species of tree called خَزَم [q. v.], of the bark of which [tree] ropes are made: (O, K, TA:) [beads which are used in prayer are made thereof, (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees,) i. e., of the berries thus called, and] it [the fruit] is eaten by the apes, or monkeys, and sometimes, in a case of hunger, by men: n. un. with ة. (O, TA.) خَيْلٌ عِرَابٌ Horses of pure Arabian race; (Mgh, K;) opposed to بَرَاذِينُ; (S, O, Msb;) also termed ↓ أَعْرُبٌ and ↓ مُعْرِبَةٌ, (K,) which last [erroneously written in the CK مَعْرِبَةٌ] is fem. of مُعْرِبٌ, signifying a horse having no strain of admixture of other than Arabian blood: (Ks, S, O:) one of such horses is [also] termed ↓ عَرَبِىٌّ: (Mgh, Msb:) by the pl. عِرَابٌ, they distinguish beasts from human beings. (Mgh.) b2: And إِبِلٌ عِرَابٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and ↓ أَعْرُبٌ (TA) Camels of pure Arabian race: (K;) opposed to بَخَاتِىٌّ. (S, O, Msb.) b3: And بَقَرٌ عِرَابٌ A goodly sort of oxen, of generous race, with short and fine hair, smooth, or sleek, (Msb,) having even backs, and thick hoofs and hides: one of which is termed ↓ عَرَبِىٌّ. (TA voce دَرَبَانِيَّةٌ.) عَرُوبٌ A woman who manifests love to her husband; (IAar, S, O, K, TA;) and is obedient to him; (IAar, TA;) as also ↓ عَرُوبَةٌ: (TA:) and (so in the O and TA, but in the CK “ or ”) a woman disobedient to her husband; (IAar, O, K, TA;) unfaithful to him by unchastity; corrupt in her mind: (IAar, O, TA:) as though having two contr. meanings; [the latter meaning] from عَرْب [a mistranscription for عَرَب] signifying

“ corruptness ” of the stomach: (O:) or who loves him passionately, or excessively: or who manifests love to him, evincing passionate, or excessive, desire: [lit., evincing that; meaning what is expressed by the words immediately preceding it; for otherwise this last explanation would be the same as the first; and as I have rendered it, it is nearly the same as an explanation in the Expos. of the Jel (lvi. 36), manifesting love to her husband, by reason of passionate, or excessive, desire:] (K:) and (so in the TA, but in the CK “ or ”) a woman who is a great laugher: and ↓ عَرُوبَةٌ and ↓ عَرِبَةٌ signify the same: (K:) the pl. of the first is عُرُبٌ (S, O, K) and عُرْبٌ; (TA;) and the pl. of ↓ عَرِبَةٌ is عَرِبَاتٌ: (K:) IAth says that ↓ عَرِبَةٌ signifies a woman who is eager for play, or sport: and عُرُبٌ, he adds, is pl. of ↓ عَرِيبٌ, which signifies a woman of goodly person, who manifests love to her husband: and it is also said that عُرُبٌ signifies women who use amorous gesture or behaviour, and coquettish boldness, with feigned coyness or opposition: or who make a show of, or act with, lasciviousness: or passionately loving: and ↓ عَرِبَةٌ and عَرُوبٌ, accord. to Lh, signify a woman passionately loving, and lascivious. (TA.) عَرِيبٌ i. q. ↓ مُعْرِبٌ, which means, accord. to Az, A man chaste, uncorrupt, or free from barbarousness, in speech. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] مَا بِالدَّارِ عَرِيبٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ مُعْرِبٌ (K) (assumed tropical:) There is not in the house any one: (S, O, K:) used [in this sense] as applying to either sex, but only in a negative phrase. (TA.) b3: See also عَرُوبٌ, latter half.

العُرَيْبُ: see العَرَبُ (of which it is the dim.), second sentence.

عَرَابَةٌ: see عِرَابَةٌ. b2: Also Coïtus. (TA.) A2: And A bag with which the udder of a sheep, or goat, is covered: pl. عَرَابَاتٌ. (IAar, O, K.) عِرَابَةٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ عَرَابَةٌ (O, TA) and ↓ عَرْبَةٌ (O) or ↓ عَرْبٌ (TA) Foul, or obscene, speech or talk; (S, O, K, TA;) like إِعْرَابٌ and تَعْرِيبٌ. (K.) عَرُوبَةٌ: see عَرُوبٌ, in two places.

A2: عَرُوبَةُ (O, K) and العَرُوبَةُ (K) and (O) يَوْمُ العَرُوبَةِ (S, O) Friday; (S, O, K;) and ancient name of that day (S, O, TA) in the Time of Ignorance: (TA:) accord. to some, it is most chastely without the article; (TA;) thus it occurs in old poetry of the Time of Ignorance; (O;) and it is thought to be not Arabic; (TA;) and said to be arabicized from the Nabathæan أَرُبَا: (Har p. 340, q. v.:) accord. to others, the article is inseparable from it; and its meaning, accord. to Ibn-En-Nahhás is the manifest and magnified, from أَعْرَبَ “ he made clear, plain,” &c.; or accord. to an authority cited in the R, its meaning is mercy. (TA.) [See art. ابجد.]

عُرُوبَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ عُرُوبِيَّةٌ (K) The quality of being Arabian: (S, K, TA:) each [said to be] an inf. n. having no verb. (TA. [But see عَرُبَ at the commencement of this art. and under أَعْرَبَ.]) And ↓ عَرَبِيَّةٌ is used [in the same sense] as denoting the quality of a horse such as is termed عَرَبِىٌّ. (TA.) عَرُوبَآءُ a name of The seventh heaven: (IAth, K, TA:) or, accord. to Sub, it is ↓ عِرْبِيَآءُ, corresponding to جِرْبِيَآءُ, which is a name of “ the seventh earth; ” (TA in this art.;) or these two words are with the article ال. (TA in art. جرب.) عُرُوبِيَّةٌ: see عُرُوبَةٌ.

عَرَّابٌ One who makes عَرَابَات (pl. of عَرَابَةٌ) i. e. bags to cover the udders of sheep or goats. (IAar, O, K.) عَرَبْرَبٌ i. q. سُمَّاقٌ [i. e. Sumach]. (O, TA.) قِدْرٌ عَرَبْرَبِيَّةٌ i. q. سُمَّاقِيَّةٌ [app. meaning A cooking-pot in which food prepared with sumach is cooked]. (O.) عَارِبٌ and عَارِبَةٌ: see عَرِبٌ. b2: العَرَبُ العَارِبَةُ: see العَرَبُ, in two places.

أَعْرَبُ More, or most, distinct or plain [&c.]. (TA.) الأَعْرُبُ is a pl. of العَرَبُ [q. v.]. (Msb.) b2: See also عِرَابٌ, in two places.

الأَعْرَابُ: see العَرَبُ, latter half.

أَعْرَابِىٌّ: see العَرَبُ, latter half.

مُعْرِبٌ: see عَرِيبٌ, in two places: b2: and see عِرَابٌ. b3: Also One who has horses of pure Arabian race: (S, O:) one who has with him a horse of such race: and one who possesses, or acquires, or seeks to acquire, horses, or camels, of such race. (TA.) اسْمٌ مُعَرَّبٌ [An arabicized noun;] a noun received by the Arabs from foreigners, indeterminate, [i. e. significant of a meaning, (as is said in the Mz, 19th نوع,)], such as إِبْرِيسَم [meaning “ silk ”], and, if possible, accorded to some one of the forms of Arabic words; otherwise, spoken by them as they received it; and sometimes they derived from it: but if they received it as a proper name, it is not termed مُعَرَّبٌ, but أَعْجَمِىٌّ, like إِبْرَاهِيمُ and إِسْحَاقُ. (Msb.) [مُعَرَّبٌ alone is also used in this sense, as a subst: and as such its pl. is مُعَرَّبَاتٌ: thus in the Mz, ubi suprà; and often in lexicons &c.]

العَرَبُ المُتَعَرِّبَةُ and see العَرَبُ, each in three places.

العَرَبُ المُسْتَعْرِبَةُ: see العَرَبُ, each in three places.

عقب
العَقَبُ: ما يُشَدُ به الرِّماحُ والسِّهامُ. والعَقَبَةُ: طَريْقٌ وَعْرٌ في الجَبَل، والجَميعُ العَقَبُ والعِقَابُ.
والعَقِبُ: مُؤَخَرُ القَدَم، وتميمٌ تُخَفِّفُه، والجميعُ الأعْقاب. وفُلانٌ مُوَطَأُ العَقِبِ: الرَّئيس المَتْبوع.
ووَلى على عَقِبه: إِذا أخَذَ في وَجْهٍ ثم انْثَنى راجِعاً. وأعْقَبَ: خَفَفَ عَقِباً.
وقَوْلُ العَرَب: لا عَقِبَ له: أيْ وَلَداً ذَكَراً. ومَالَهُ تَعْقِبَةٌ، أي عَقِبٌ. ويقال للقادِم: مِنْ أيْنَ عَقِبُكَ؟: أي من أيْنَ أقْبَلْتَ؟. ولَوْ كانَ له عَقِبٌ لَتَكَلَمَ: أي جَواب. ووَلى ولم يُعَقبْ: لم يَعْطِفْ؛ ويُقال: لم يُعْقِبْ أيضاً. والتعْقِيْبُ: الغَزْوُ بَعْدَ الغَزْو. والانْصِرافُ من الأمورِ يُريْدُها.
والخَيْلُ تُعَقبُ في عدْوِها لم تَزدَدْ إلا جَودةً، وهو ذو عَقْبٍ. وعَقبَتْ علي في تلك السلْعَةِ عُقَب: أدْرَكَني فيها دَرك.
والتُعْقِبَة: الدركُ. وهُما يُعَقبانِ فلاناً: تَعَاوَنا عليه. وكُل ما خَلَفَ شَيْئاً فقدْ عَقَبَه، وهُما غقِيْبان، وقد اعْتقَبا وتَعَاقَبا. وأتى إليه خَيْراً فَعَقب بغيَر مُكافَأةٍ.
والعقبَة والعِقَاب والعقْبى: المُكافَأَةُ والثواب. وإِذا كانَ للفَرس جَمَام بعدَ انقِطاع الجَرْي قيل له: عِقَاب. وعَقب الأمْرِ وعَاقِبَتُه وعَاقِبُه وعُقْبَاه: آخِرُه، وجمَعُ العَقْب على الأعْقاب؛ والعُقْبى على العُقب. وأعْقَبَ هذا ذاك: صارَ مَكانَه. وأعْقَبْت الطي: إذا طويْتَ البئْر فأعْقَبْتَ الحَوَامى بججارة من خَلْفِها. وأعْقَبَ الأمر عقْبَاناً وعُقْبى، واعْقِبَ عِزاً: أبدل.
واسْتَعْقَبَ مِن كذا خَيْراً وتعقبَ: واحِدٌ. وتَعَقبْتُهُ: تَتبعْتَ أثَرَه. وهُما يتَعاقَبانِ الرُّكُوبَ بينهما أو الأمْرَ: يَرْكَبُ هذا عُقْبَةً وهذا عقْبَةً. والعُقْبَة فَرْسَخان.
وعقْبُ الحَوْض: عُقْره. ولا يَفْعلُ كذا إلا عُقْبَةَ القَمَرِ: وذلك إِذا قّارَنَ الثُّريّا؛ وُيقارنها في السنَةِ مَرّة، وهو من المعَاقَبَة؛ وذلك إِذا اسْتَوى اللَيلُ والنَّهار. وقيل: هو عَوْدَته إذا غَاب.
والعُقْبَةُ: كُلّ ما يُرْعى بَعدَ الحُمُوْضَة. وعُقْبَةُ النّاس بَعد الطًعام: الحَلْوَاء. ولَقِيْتُ منه عُقْبَةَ الضبُع: أي الشَدَة.
وحُكِيَ: كنْتُ مَرهً نشبَةَ وأنا اليَوْمَ عُقْبَة: أي كنتُ أنْشب في الشًر قَديماً قَوياً واليومَ اعْقِبْتُ ضَعْفَاَ. وعُقبَةُ القِمْرِ وعِقْبَتُها: ما يَبْقى فيها من المَرَقِ عندَ رَدَها إذا استَعاروها.
وجِئْت في عُقْبِ الشَهْر وعُقْبانِه: أي بَعْدَ ما يَمْضِي. وفي عَقِبهِ وعَقْبِه: إِذا بقِيَتْ منه بَقِيَةٌ.
وعقْبَةُ: اسْم رَجُلً. وأخَذَ بِعُقْبَةِ فُلانٍ: أي مَكانَه. وهو عالم بعقْبى الكَلام: أي غامضِه. واحذر عَقبَ اللهِ وعِقابَه وعقُوْبَتَه.
وكُلُّ طَريقٍ بَعْضُها خَلْفَ بَعض: أعْقَابٌ؛ كأنَّها مَنْضُودةٌ عَقْبٌ على عَقْبٍ.
والمِعْقَبُ: الخِمَارُ. ونَجْمٌ يُهْتَدى به. والعِقَابُ والعُقَابُ: الخَيْطُ الذي يُجْمَعُ به طَرَفا القُرْطِ في الأذُن. والمِعْقَابُ: المَرْأةُ وِلادَتُها أبَداً أنْ تأتيَ بذَكَرٍ بَعْدَ أنثى. والعَقُوْبانِ: الخَشَبَتان تُنْصَبان على حَرْفَي البِئر. والإعْقَابَةُ: سِمَةٌ في الأذن، وشَاةٌ معَاقَبَةٌ ومُعْقَبَة.
والعُقَابُ: طائرٌ. والعَلَمُ الضَخْم، تَشبيهاً به. وصَخْرَةٌ ناتِئةٌ في عُرْض جَبَل أو حُولِ بئرٍ، وربما كان في البئر من قِبَل الطيِّ إذا زالت الصخرةُ عن مَوْضِعِها، والذي يُسوَيها: مُعَقِّبٌ.ْ ومَسِيْلُ الماء إلى الحَوْض. والجَمْعُ في الكُل: العِقْبَان. وإذا حَلَّفْتَ الرجُلَ فلَمْ تَرْضَ بِيَمين دونَ يمينٍ: فذلك العُقَابانِ. وعليه عِقْبَةُ جَمَال وعُقْبَتُه: أي أثَرُه، وكذلك في السُّرور.
والعِقْبَةُ لُغَةٌ في العِقْمة: لِضَرْبٍ من الثياب. وتَغَيرَ بِعَاقِبَةٍ: أي عن قريب.
وعَاقِبَةٌ من الطيْر: أي يَعْقُبُ بعضُها مكانَ بعض كأنَه تَقَعُ الأخْرى مكانَ الأولى. والعَاقِبُ: آخِرُ الأنْبياء.
والعَوَاقِبُ والمُعَاقِبَةُ من الإبل: التي تأكُلُ من الحَمْض مرةً ومن الخلة أخرى، وقد عَقَبَتْ عُقُوْباً. وعَاقِبَةُ البُرَةِ: حَلْقَتُها. والعَقِب: الخَلِيْفُ. واليَعْقُوْبُ: ذَكَرُ القَبَج والقَطا.
وتسمى الخيل: بعاقيب لسرعتها. واعْتَقَبْتُ الشَيْءَ: حَبَسْتَه. وال
معقب الذي يَتَبعُ عَقِبَ الإِنسانِ في طَلَبِ حَق. وله مُعَقَبَاتٌ من جَوانِبه: أي حَفَظَةٌ.

عقب: عَقَّب (بالتشديد): ًأصلح، قوم، عدّل، صحح، نقّح. (ألكالا، المقدمة 1: 12).
عَقَّب: أغنى، أثرى. خلف، أورث (فوك) ففي القسم الأول منه.
عَقَّب لِوِلْدِه: أشبه أباه في أخلاقه (فوك) عاقب. عاقبا المنشار بينهما: جعلا المنشار يذهب ويجيء بينهما بالتناوب والتعاقب. (المقدمة 3: 309).
عاقب. عاقب (أو أعْقَب) بين الناس: بدَّل الحامية، أرسل إلى المدينة حامية جديدة لتحل محل الحامية التي كانت فيها. (البلاذري ص223، 236) وقد ذكر في معجم البلاذري غير هذا، إلا أن السيد دي غويه قد اعترف إنه قد أخطأ بذلك.
أعْقَب: أخر عمل الشيء وعمله متأخراً، وهو ضد أسلف. ففي كتاب عبد الواحد (ص88): يقول الشاعر: فيما سبق من الزمن أسلفت دلائل إخلاصي وحبي، وأعترف أني بعد ذلك أعقبتُ أَعْماَل مفسد (وفي المطبوع أعقبتَ وهو من خطأ الطباعة).
أعقب الناقة): نزل عن الناقة ليركب أخرى (معجم مسلم).
أعقب أخاه على زوجته: تزوج أرملة أخيه. (معجم البيان).
أعقب بين الناس: انظرها في عاقب.
أعقب ب: أبدل، أقام في مقام، أحل في محل، استبدل. (وهو جفلايت ص49).
أعقب فلاناً ب. يقال مثلاً: أعقبهم الله بالجوع. أي عاقبهم الله بالجوع (أخبار ص61).
أعقب كلامه ب: أضاف شيئاً إلى خطابه (بوشر).
تعقبَّ: ندم. (البكري ص130).
تعقبَّ: راقب، فتش. ففي حيان- بسام (1: 10و): خدمة التعقب والمحاسبة أي وظيفة المراقبة والتفتيش المالي. وفي بسام (3: 60ق): ولى زمام التعقب على أهل الأندلس.
تعقَّب على فلان: صحح كلامه وعلق عليه.
(عباد 2: 91 ورقم 85، المقري 1: 201، 613، ابن بطوطة 4: 104، العبدري ص111، ابن عبد الملك ص 3ق، الخطيب ص91 ق).
تعقَّب: أعاد عمل الشيء (فوك، ألكالا) وفي معجم الكالا: rehasimiento ( تَعَقُّب وإعادة) وانظر: عقَّب في معجم لين.
تعاقَب: تعاقب القوم في الأمر والشيء: عملوه مناوبة، أو استخدموه مناوبة. (محيط المحيط).
على التعاقب: عدة مرات، مرَّة بعد أخرى. (دي ساسي طرائف 1: 406).
تعاقب: كما يقال تعاقب المسافران على الدابة (لين) يقال عن الرجال: تعاقبوا على امرأة، أي وطؤوها كل واحد بنوبته. (ألف ليلة 2: 232) كما يقال عن عدد من الأشخاص تولوا الملك أو توارثوا لغة أو إرثا واحداً بعد الآخر: تعاقبوا عليه (البكري ص67، المقدمة 3: 303).
تعاقب: مطاوع عاقب، بمعنى أصابته عقوبة (معجم مسلم).
انعقب: تأخر (أداء المستحق). ففي العبدري (ص59 و): أراد أمير مكة سجن الحجاج المصريين فقال له تركي: فيما تأخذهم قال له في حقوق وجبت لي على مَلك مِصْر ولي حظ في بيت المال منعقبة (منعقب) أعواماً.
اعتقب: انظر لمفصل (ص89) ففيه: ومن ذلك قِنَّسرَيٌ ونصيَّبيٌ ويبريء فيمن جعل الإعراب قبل النون ومن جعله معتقب الإعراب قال قنسريني.
عُقب: عقيب الاولاد، آخر من يولد منهم (بوشر).
عَقَب: عصاب، وهي أعصاب الجمل تجفف في الشمس وتفرق إلى أجزاء في مثل رقة خيط الحرير. أو هي وبر الجمل المفتول. (دوماس عادات ص264).
عُقِب: قعر الكأس، قعر الإناء. (بوشر).
عَقِب: كتاب مطبوع بعد وفاة مؤلفه. (بوشر).
عقب الرمح: زُجُّ الرمح. (بوشر).
عَقْبة: آخر حصاد الذرة. حصاد الذرة الثالث (نيبور رحلة إلى بلاد العرب ص146).
عِقْبَة: أثر. وتجمع على عِقَب (أبو الوليد ص544).
عَقَبة: مرقى صعب من الجبال، وجمعها في معجم الكالا: عقائب. ويقال: بلادهم عَقْبة (كذا) أي بلادهم مرقى صعب؟ (مارتن ص23).
عَقَبَة: عقدة، معضلة، مشكلة، (ومتاهة، تيه. (بوشر).
عَقَبَة: قربى، قرابة، واشجة النسب (ألكالا).
عَقَبَة: في مصر نوع من القوارب الكبيرة، صندل. وجمعها عقبات وعَقَب. (مملوك 2، 1: 24).
ويقول ستوشوف (ص424): وللأغنياء زوارق خاصة يستخدمونها للتنزه عند زيادة النيل ويسمونها أشبه ( Achaba) وهي قوارب مسطحة، يبلغ كوثلها (مؤخرها) أكثر من نصفها، منها مربعة محاطة بأعمدة درابزين لئلا يزعج النوتية من يجلس فيها. وهي مفروشة في الداخل بطنافس ثمينة. وأعلاها مغطى بقماش مشمع، وداخلها مصبوغ وملون بأنواع الألوان بحيث يرى الجالس فيها إنه في صالة جميلة. انظر وصف ثفينيو المطول أيضاً (1: 465) عند مونكونيس (ص282) حيث تحرفت الكلمة إلى أكور به، وعند لين (عادات 2: 293).
عَقِبَة = كعب، القسم الأسفل من السهم.
(الجريدة الآسيوية 1848، 2: 210).
عَقِبَة: كل طرف من طرفي القوس، قاب القوس. (نفس المصدر السابق).
عُقبى: بمعنى تعويض، بدل، جزاء، مكافأة (لين 2101 في آخر). وفي معجم البلاذري (ص66): وقد خفضت الضريبة عنهم عقبى لهم عن أرضهم التي انتزعت منهم. وقد أعترف السيد دي غويه إنه قد أساء تفسير هذه الكلمة في معجم البلاذري.
عقبا لكل سنة: أتمنى لك سنة سعيدة، وهي تهنئة تقال عادة في اليوم الأول ن السنة في حلب. (بوشر).
عُقاب: عقاب منسوري، عقاب بحري، كاسر العظام. (الكالا).
عُقاب: أبو الخطاف، حدأة. (شيرب).
عُقاب: يطلق أصحاب الكيمياء اسم هذا الطائر على ملح النشادر. (دفيك ص8).
عقَّابية: لوز أخضر. (بوشر). عاقب: كان لنصارى نجران ثلاثة رؤساء: السيد هو القائد العسكري، والعاقب وهو الرئيس المدني، والأسقف. (معجم البلاذري، محيط المحيط).
عاقبة: آخر كل شيء وخاتمته، ويقال مثلاً: عاقبته ترجع عليك (بوشر).
بلسم التعقيبة: صمغ الكبيبة (بوشر).
مُعَقَّب: من له عَقَب. (الكامل ص242).
معاقب: متشدد، متعصب. (بوشر).

عقب

1 عَقَبَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. عَقْبٌ, (TK,) He struck his عَقِب [or heel]. (S, K, TA.) b2: And عَقَبَهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) aor. ـُ (Mgh, Msb, TA,) inf. n. عَقْبٌ and عُقُوبٌ, (Msb, TA,) He came after him; [as though at his heel; and hence, properly, close after him; but often meaning near after him;] (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) followed him; succeeded him; (S, Mgh, K, TA;) came in, or took, his place; as also ↓ اعقبهُ: (S, K, TA:) and in like manner both are said of anything, (TA,) as also ↓ عقّبهُ, (Msb, K, TA,) inf. n. تَعْقِيبٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ عاقبهُ; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ اعتقبهُ; (TA;) meaning it came after; (S, * Msb, K, * TA;) &c., as above: (TA:) and ↓ تعقّبهُ is used in this sense, but not rightly. (Mgh.) [All primarily denote proximate sequence.] You say, عَقَبُونَا and عَقَبُوا مِنْ خَلْفِنَا They came after us. (TA.) and عَقَبُونَا مِنْ خَلْفِنَا and ↓ عَقَّبُونَا They succeeded us, in alighting, or taking up their abode, after our departure. (TA.) And العِدَّةُ تَعْقُبُ الطَّلَاقَ The عِدَّة [q. v.] follows divorce. (Mgh, Msb.) and ابْنُهُ ↓ ذَهَبَ فُلَانٌ فَأَعْقَبَهُ, as also عَقَبَهُ, Such a one went away, and his son succeeded him, or took his place. (S, O.) And هٰذَا هٰذَا ↓ اعقب [This succeeded this] is said when the latter is gone, and there remains nothing of it, and the former has taken its place. (TA.) And one says, عَقَبَ فُلَانٌ مَكَانَ أَبِيهِ, (S, O, TA,) aor. ـُ inf. n. عَقْبٌ, (TA,) and quasi-inf. n. ↓ عَاقِبَةٌ, this being a subst. used in the sense of an inf. n., like as كَاذِبَةٌ is [said to be] in the Kur lvi. 2, (S, O,) or it is an inf. n. syn. with عَقْبٌ, (Msb in art. عفو,) Such a one succeeded, or took the place of, his father; (S, O, TA;) as also ↓ عقّب. (TA.) [Hence also several phrases here following.] b3: It is said in a trad., كُلُّ غَازِيَةٍ غَزَتْ يَعْقُبُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا i. e. [Every party that goes forth on a warring, or warring and plundering, expedition] shall take its turn, one after another:] when one company has gone forth and returned, it shall not be constrained to go forth again until another has taken its turn after it. (TA.) b4: عَقَبْتُ الرَّجُلَ فِى أَهْلِهِ means بَغَيْتُهُ بِشَرٍّ وَخَلَفْتُهُ [i. e. I sought to do evil to the man, and took his place (see art. خلف), with respect to his wife; i. e. I committed adultery with his wife]: (S, O:) or عَقَبَهُ signifies [simply]

بِغَاهُ بِشَرٍّ [he sought to do evil to him]: (K: [in which وَخَلَفَهُ seems to have been inadvertently omitted: but SM immediately adds what here follows:]) and one says also, عَقَبَ فِى إِثْرِ الرَّجُلِ بِمَا يُكْرَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. عَقْبٌ, meaning He accused the man [app. behind his back] of a thing disliked, or hated; he [so] defamed him, or charged him with a vice or fault or the like. (TA.) b5: عَقَبَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى فُلَانَةَ [like خَلَفَ عَلَيْهَا] Such a man married such a woman after her first husband. (TA.) b6: عَقَبَ الشَّيْبُ, aor. ـِ and عَقُبَ, inf. n. عُقُوبٌ, Whiteness of the hair, or hoariness, came after [or took the place of] blackness: as also ↓ عقّب. (TA.) b7: عَقَبَ said of a horse, aor. ـِ [or عَقُبَ?], inf. n. عَقْبٌ, [which see below,] He performed a run after another run. (L, TA.) b8: عَقَبَتِ الإِبِلُ مِنْ مَكَانٍ إِلَى مَكَانٍ, aor. ـُ inf. n. عَقْبٌ; and ↓ اعتقبت; The camels removed from place to place, pasturing. (IAar, TA.) b9: مَا عَقَبَ فِيهَا فَعَلَيْكَ مِنْ مَالِكَ, (TA,) or ↓ مَا عَقَّبَ, (so in the O, [in which فِى مالك is put in the place of من مالك,]) Whatever evil consequence happen to me, with respect to it, (referring to merchandise,) the responsibility for it will be on thee [and compensation shall be made from thy property]: and [تَعْقِبَةٌ (thus in the O) appears, from what follows, to be an inf. n. of the latter verb in this sense; or it may perhaps be from the former verb, like تَهْلِكَةٌ from هَلَكَ; for] one says, بَاعَنِى سِلْعَةً وَعَلَيْهِ تَعْقِبَةٌ إِنْ كَانَت فِيهَا [He sold me an article of merchandise, and was responsible for an evil consequence, (or for damage afterwards found in it,) should there be any in it]. (ISh, O, TA. *) b10: عَقَبَهُ and ↓ عقّبهُ and ↓ اعقبهُ signify also He took, or received, from him something in exchange, an exchange, a substitute, or an equivalent, for another thing: it is said in a trad., إِنْ لَمْ يَقْرُوهُ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَعْقُبَهُمْ بِمِثْلِ قِرَاهُ If they entertain him not. he shall have a right to take from them as a substitute the like of his entertainment which they denied him: and one says also مِنْهُ خَيْرًا ↓ استعقب, or شَرًّا, He took, or received, from him in exchange good, or evil: (TA:) and عَقَبَ الرَّجُلَ, aor. ـُ He took from the man's property the like of what he (the latter) had taken from him. (O, * TA.) After the words in the Kur lx. 11, وَإِنْ فَاتَكُمْ شَىْءٌ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِكُمْ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِ, there are three different readings, ↓ فَعَاقَبْتُمْ, and ↓ فَعَقَّبْتُمْ, and فَعَقَبْتُمْ: (TA:) the first means and ye take, or carry off, spoil: (Masrook Ibn-El-Ajda', S, TA:) or the second has this meaning; and the first means and ye punish them so that ye take, or carry off, spoil: and the third means and ye have a requital: the second is the best; and the third is also good; but the second has a more intensive meaning: (Aboo-Is-hák the Grammarian, L, TA:) accord. to Fr, the first and second signify the same: (L, TA:) and As says that عَقْبٌ [inf. n. of عَقَبَ] is syn. with عِقَابٌ [inf. n. of عَاقَبَ; but whether with reference to this case, I do not find]. (TA.) b11: And عَقَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. عَقْبٌ, also signifies He sought, or sought after, wealth, or some other thing. (TA.) A2: عَقَبَ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـِ and عَقُبَ, (TA,) inf. n. عَقْبٌ, (S, O,) He bound a thing with [the kind of sinew, or tendon, called] عَقَب; as also ↓ عقّب [inf. n. تَعْقِيبٌ, of which see an ex. in a verse cited voce مَصْنَعٌ]: he bound therewith a خَوْق. i. e. the ring of an ear-drop, fearing lest it should incline on one side: or he bound an earring with a thread called عُقَاب: (TA:) and he wound round a bow, (S, O, K,) and an arrow, (S, O,) with [the kind of sinew, or tendon, called]

عَقَب, (O,) or with somewhat thereof: (S, K:) or عَقَبَهُ بِالعَقَبِ he bound it, namely, the [arrow termed] قِدْح, with the عَقَب, in consequence of its having broken. (IB, L, TA.) A3: عَقَبْنَا الرَّكِيَّةَ [thus I find it written without teshdeed, but perhaps it should be ↓ عَقَّبْنَا, from أَعْقَابُ الطَّىّ, (see عَقِبٌ,)] We lined the well with stones behind [the other] stones. (TA. [See also 4.]) A4: [The inf. n.]

العَقْبُ also signifies الرَّجْعُ, [which generally means The making, or causing, to return, or go back; but this may perhaps be a mistake for الرُّجُوعُ, for it is immediately added,] Dhu-rRummeh says, كَأَنَّ صِيَاحَ الكُدْرِ يَنْظُرْنَ عَقْبَنَا تَرَاطُنُ أَنْبَساطٍ عَلَيْهِ طَغَامِ meaning [As though the crying of the dusky she-camels] looking, or waiting, for our returning from watering that they might go to the water after us [were the barbarous talk of low, or ignoble, Nabathæans, over it, i. e. over the water]. (TA.) A5: عَقِبَ النَّبْتُ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. عَقَبٌ, The branches of the plant, or herbage, became slender, and the leaves thereof turned yellow. (IAar, TA. [See also 2.]) 2 عَقَّبَ see 1, first three quarters, in seven places. b2: The inf. n., تَعْقِيبٌ, signifies also The doing a thing and then returning to doing it: (IAth, TA:) the performing an act of prayer, or another act, and then returning to doing it in the same day: (Sh, TA:) and [particularly] the making a warring, or warring and plundering, expedition, and then another in the same year. (S, O, K.) [See also مُعَقِّبٌ.] You say, عقّب بِصَلَاةٍ بَعْدَ صَلَاةٍ, and بِغَزَاةٍ بَعْدَ غَزَاةٍ, He followed up one prayer with another, and one warring, or warring and plundering, expedition with another. (TA.) and صَلَّى مِنَ اللَّيْلِ ثُمَّ عَقَّبَ He prayed in the night and then repeated the prayer. (IAar, TA.) and عُقِّبَ الغَازِيَةُ بِأَمْثَالِهَا, and ↓ أُعْقِبَ, The warring, or warring and plundering, party was made to be followed by another, consisting of the likes of it, sent in its place. (TA.) And it is said in a trad. of 'Omar, كَانَ كُلَّ عَامٍ يُعَقِّبُ الجُيُوشَ He used, every year, to call back one party of the forces and to send another to take its turn after the former. (O, TA.) b3: Also The performing of prayer (IAth, O, K, TA) as a supererogatory act (TA) after the [prayers called] تَرَاوِيح: (IAth, O, K, TA:) such prayer is to be performed in the house, at home, (IAth, O, TA,) not in the mosque. (IAth, TA.) b4: And The waiting (K, TA) in prayer; or remaining in one's place in prayer waiting for another prayer. (TA.) And you say, عقّب فِى الصَّلَاةِ, (S, O,) inf. n. as above, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) He sat after the performing of the [ordinary] prayer for the purpose of a supplication (S, A, O, Msb, K) or a petition. (S, O, Msb.) وَلَّى مُدْبِرًا وَلَمْ يُعَقِّبْ, in the Kur [xxvii. 10 and xxviii. 31], means [He did did not turn back retreating] and did not wait; (O, TA;) properly, did not make advancing to follow his retreating: (O:) or and did not turn aside (S, Msb) nor wait in expectation: (S:) or and did not turn aside nor return: (O:) or and did not look aside: (K, * TA.) or and did not return; from عقّب said of a combatant, meaning He returned after fleeing: (Bd in xxvii. 10:) you say, عقّب عَلَيْهِ He returned against him; syn. كَرَّ, and رَجَعَ: and تَعْقِيبٌ signifies also The turning back, or receding, from a thing that one had desired to do. (TA.) b5: عَقَّبَ فِى الشَّيْبِ بِأَخْلَاقٍ حَسَنَةٍ [app. means He had latterly, in the time of hoariness, good dispositions]. (O. [The meaning that I have assigned to this phrase seems to be there indicated by the context: but I incline to think that the right reading is عُقِّبَ, (assumed tropical:) lit. He was made to be followed, in hoariness, by good dispositions; agreeably with what next follows.]) b6: آتَى فُلَانٌ إِلَىَّ خَيْرًا فَعُقِّبَ بِخَيْرٍ مِنْهُ [means Such a one caused good to betide me, and it was made to be followed by what was better than it]. (A, TA. [In the former it is followed by the words وَأَرْدِفَ بِخَيْرٍ مِنْهُ, evidently for the purpose of explanation.]) b7: [Hence,] one says, تَصَدَّقَ بِصَدَقَةٍ لَيْسَ فِيهَا تَعْقِيبٌ, meaning اِسْتِشْنَآءٌ [i. e. He gave an alms in which was no making an exception by following it up with a condition]. (S, A, O, Msb. *) b8: عَقَّبَنِى حَقِّى He delayed, or deferred, the giving, or paying, to me my due. (S.) b9: عقّب الأَمْرَ He looked to the consequence, end, issue, or result, of the affair, event, or case. (TA. [See also 5.]) b10: And عقّب فِى الأَمْرِ He went repeatedly to and fro, or made repeated efforts, in seeking to accomplish the affair, striving, or exerting himself. (S, O, L, TA.) In the K, التَّعْقِيبُ [the inf. n.] is expl. as signifying التَّرَدُّدُ فِى طَلَبِ المَجْدِ: but the right reading is فِى طَلَبٍ مُجِدًّا. (TA.) [See also مُعَقِّبٌ.]

A2: عقّب said of the [plant called] عَرْفَج, (S, O,) inf. n. تَعْقِيبٌ, (K,) It became yellow in its fruit, (S, O, K,) and attained to the season of its drying up: (S, O:) from عَقِبَ said of a plant or herbage. (TA.) A3: عقّب عُقَابًا, inf. n. as above, He planed off a stone of the kind called عُقَاب, in a well. (TA. [See also مُعَقِّبٌ.]) A4: See also 1, last quarter, in two places.3 عاقبهُ: see 1, second sentence. b2: Also عاقب الرَّجُلَ, (Mgh, * TA,) inf. n. مُعَاقَبَةٌ and عِقَابٌ, (Mgh,) He did a thing with the man alternately, each taking his turn; (Mgh, TA;) and so ↓ اعقبهُ. (TA.) And [particularly], (TA,) inf. n. مُعَاقَبَةٌ, (S, O,) He rode in his turn after the man, each riding in his turn; (S, O, TA;) as also ↓ اعقبهُ, (S, O, K,) and ↓ اعتقبهُ. (TA.) And عَاقَبْتُ الرَّجُلَ فِى الرَّاحِلَةِ I rode in my turn after the man, upon the camel, he riding in his turn after me. (S, O.) And in like manner you say, ↓ اِعْتَقَبُوهُ, and ↓ تَعَاقَبُوهُ They rode by turns with him, taking their turns after him. (TA.) b3: and عاقب بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ [He made an interchange, or alternation between the two things; he made the two things interchangeable, or commutable;] he brought, or did, the two things interchangeably, or alternately, i. e. one of them one time and the other of them another time. (TA.) [Thus, for instance,] العَرَبُ تُعَاقِبُ بَيْنَ الفَآءِ والثَّآءِ [The Arabs make an interchange between ف and ث; make ف and ث interchangeable, or commutable; i. e. put ف in the place of ث, and ث in the place of ف]; as in جَدَفٌ and جَدَثٌ; and ↓ تُعْقِبُ signifies the same. (S, O.) b4: And عاقب signifies also He stood upon one of his legs one time and upon the other another time; or moved his legs alternately. (TA.) b5: [عاقبهُ as denoting consequence, and retaliation, or retribution, also signifies He punished him.] You say, عاقبهُ بِذَنْبِهِ, (S, Msb, * TA,) inf. n. عِقَابٌ (S, Msb, TA) and مُعَاقَبَةٌ, (Msb, TA,) He punished him for his crime, sin, fault, or offence: (S, * Msb, * TA:) and [in like manner] ↓ تعقّبهُ He punished him (i. e. a man, S, O) for a crime, a sin, a fault, or an offence, that he had committed. (S, O, K.) In the saying in the Kur [xvi. last verse but one], وَإِنْ عَاقَبْتُمْ فَعَاقِبُوا بِمِثْلِ مَا عُوقِبْتُمٌ بِهِ [And if ye punish, then punish ye with the like of that with which ye have been afflicted, lit. punished], the verb first denotes punishment, and is afterwards used for the purpose of assimilation: and similar to this is the saying in the same [xxii. 59], وَمَنْ عَاقَبَ بِمِثْلِ مَا عُوقِبَ بِهِ [And whoso punisheth with the like of that with which he hath been afflicted, lit. punished]. (O.) For another ex., from the Kur lx. 11, [where it implies retaliation or retribution,] see 1, latter half. [In like manner,] it is said in a trad., أَبْطَلَ النَّفْحَ إِلَّا أَنْ يُضْرَبَ فَيُعَاقِبَ [He made the kicking of a beast with the hind leg to be of no account unless it were beaten by its master, or rider, and retaliated by kicking another person]; meaning, he made nothing to be incumbent on the master of the beast unless the latter made the kicking to be a consequence of that [i. e. unless the beast kicked in consequence of its being beaten by the master, or rider]. (TA.) [See also 4, which has a similar meaning, that of requital.] b6: عُوقِبَتْ said of a mare means She was required to perform run after run. (Ham p. 277.) 4 اعقبهُ: see 1, first quarter, in three places: b2: and see 3, in three places. b3: [Also He made him to take his place. And hence,] He descended from his beast in order that he (another) might ride in his turn: and one says also أَعْقِبْ meaning Descend thou in order that I may ride in my turn: and in like manner with respect to any kind of action: thus, when the office of Khaleefeh became transferred from the sons of Umeiyeh to the Háshimees, Sudeyf, the poet of the 'Abbásees, said, أَعْقِبِى آلَ هَاشِمٍ يَا مَيَّا meaning Descend from the station of the Khaleefehs that the family of Háshim may mount, O Meiyà [for O sons of Umeiyeh]. (TA.) b4: [And It made a thing to follow as a consequence to him: the verb in this sense being doubly trans.] One says, اعقبهُ نَدَمًا It occasioned him as its consequence repentance, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) and هَمًّا anxiety. (TA.) And أَكَلَ أَكْلَةً أَعْقَبَتْهُ سَقَمًا He ate a repast that occasioned him as its consequence a sickness. (S, O.) And [hence] أُعْقِبَ عِزُّهُ ذُلًّا His might was exchanged for, or changed into, [lit. made to be followed by,] abasement. (TA.) See also 2, first quarter, for another ex. [Hence, likewise,] فَأَعْقَبَهُمْ نِفَاقًا, in the Kur [ix. 78], means [Therefore He caused hypocrisy to follow as a consequence to them; or] He caused them to err, because of their evil deed, as a punishment to them. (O.) And [in like manner] one says, أَعْقَبَهُ اللّٰهُ بِإِحْسَانِهِ خَيْرًا [God gave him, or may God give him, as a recompense, or requital, for his beneficence, good, or prosperity]. (TA.) And اعقبهُ بِطَاعَتِهِ He recompensed, or requited, him for his obedience, (S, O, K, *) and عَلَى مَا صَنَعَ for what he did. (TA. [See also 3, which has a similar meaning, that of retribution.]) اعقبهُ خَيْرًا means also He gave him in exchange good. (TA.) See also 1, latter half, where the verb is expl. in the contr. sense, that of taking, or receiving, in exchange. b5: اعقبهُ الطَّائِفُ The diabolical visitation, or insanity, returned to him at times. (S, O.) b6: اعقب طَىَّ البِئْرِ بِحِجَارَةٍ مِنْ وَرَائِهَا [is app. from

أَعْقَابُ الطَّىِّ (see عَقِبٌ), and] means He laid stones compactly together at the back [behind the regular casing] of the well. (TA. [See also 1, near the end.]) A2: اعقب as intrans., He (a man) died, and left offspring. (S, O, K.) One says, أَعْقَبَ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلَانِ وَدَرَجَ وَاحِدٌ [Two men of them died and left offspring, and one died and left no offspring]: and Tufeyl El-Ghanawee says, كَرِيمَةُ حُرِّ الوَجْهِ لَمْ تَدْعُ هَالِكًا

↓ مِنَ القَوْمِ هُلْكًا فِى غَدٍ غَيْرَ مُعْقِبِ [A female noble of countenance, (or whose nobility was manifest in what appeared of her countenance,) she did not invoke one of the people dead, on a morrow after an engagement, as having perished without leaving a successor, or one to fill his place:] i. e. when a chief of her people died, another chief came; so that she did not bewail a chief who had not his equal. (TA.) b2: He (a borrower of a cooking-pot) returned a cooking-pot with the remains termed عُقْبَة in it. (S, O, K.) b3: He (a man) returned from evil to good. (TA.) b4: اعقب عَلَيْهِ يَضْرِبُهُ He set upon him beating him. (O.) b5: أَعْقَبَتْ رَاحِلَتُكَ Thy riding-camel became, or has become, jaded, or fatigued. (O.) 5 تعقّب He looked to the consequence, end, issue, or result: and he considered a second time. (TA. [See also 2, last quarter.]) b2: تعقّب مِنْ أَمْرِهِ He repented of his affair. (TA.) b3: تعقّب عَنِ الخَبَرِ He doubted of the information, or questioned it, and asked again respecting it. (S, O, K, TA. [In my copies of the S, and in the O, الخَيْرِ: but see what follows; in which مُتَعَقَّب is used as a noun of place of the verb in this sense.]) Tufeyl says, ↓ وَلَمْ يَكُ عَمَّا خَبَّرُوا مُتَعَقَّبُ [And there was no place of, or ground for, doubting, and asking again, respecting what they told]. (S, O, TA.) And one says, لَمْ أَجِدْ عَنْ قَوْلِكَ

↓ مُتَعَقَّبًا, (A, TA,) i. e. [I found not] any place of, or ground for, inquiring into, or investigating, thy saying; syn. مُتَفَحَّصًا; (A, TA;) [or questioning it; or returning to examine it;] meaning, thy saying was right and true, so that it did not require التَّعَقُّب; (A;) or I did not allow myself to doubt, and ask again, respecting it, that I might see whether I should do what thou saidst or abstain from it. (TA.) b4: [And the verb is used transitively in a similar sense.] You say, تعقّب الخَبَرَ He searched after the information repeatedly, or time after time; (Mgh, * TA;) syn. تَتَبَّعَ: (Mgh, TA:) and ↓ اعتقب has a like meaning. (Ham p. 287.) And He asked respecting the information another person than the one whom he asked the first time. (A, TA.) b5: and تَعَقَّبْتُ الرَّجُلَ I sought to discover in the man that which he would be ashamed to expose; or the slip, or fault, that he had committed: and ↓ اِسْتَعْقَبْتُهُ signifies the same. (O, K. *) [In critical observations and the like, تعقّبهُ is often used as meaning He found fault with him; animadverted upon him; or impugned his judgment or assertion; بِقَوْلِهِ كَذَا وَكَذَا by his saying so and so. and تعقّب عَلَيْهِ seems to be similarly used as meaning He animadverted upon his saying: (compare اِعْتَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ:) but more commonly as meaning he animadverted upon it, i. e. a saying, and the like.] b6: See also 3, near the middle of the para-graph. b7: تعقّب الأَمْرَ He thought repeatedly upon the affair, or case. (TA in art. روأ.) b8: تعقّب رَأْيَهُ He found his opinion to have a good issue, or result. (S, O. [See a somewhat similar signification of 8 and 10, under the former.]) b9: See also 1, second sentence. b10: [The saying of Aboo-Thumámeh, وَإِنْ مَنْطِقٌ زَلَّ عَنْ صَاحِبِى ↓ تَعَقَّبْتُ آخَرَ ذَا مُعْتَقَبْ may be rendered, nearly in accordance with an explanation by Et-Tebreezee, And if a speech slip by mistake from my companion, 1 substitute another having superiority: or تعقّبت may here mean I search out: but see the Ham p. 287; where are some remarks, on this verse, that appear to me to be fanciful and far-fetched.]6 يَتَعَاقَبَانِ (T, S, O, Msb, TA) They follow each other [by turns]; or alternate; (T, Msb, TA;) one coming and the other going; (TA;) said of the night and the day; (T, Msb;) or as the night and the day; (S, O, TA;) as also ↓ يَعْتَقِبَانِ. (TA.) You say, تَعَاقَبَ المُسَافِرَانِ عَلَى الدَّابَّةِ The two travellers rode upon the beast, each of them in his turn. (TA: and the like is said in the Msb.) And تعاقبا عَمَلًا They two did a work, or deed, by turns, or alternately: syn. اِرْتَوَحَاهُ, (K and TA in art. روح,) and تَرَاوَحَاهُ (TA in that art.) And تعاقبا They helped each other by turns. (TA.) And بِالضَّرْبِ ↓ يَعْتَقبَانِهِ They two ply him by turns with beating (A.) See also 3, near the beginning. التَّعَاقُبُ also signifies The coming to water [by turns, or] time after time. (TA.) 8 إِعْتَقَبَ see 1, former half, in two places: b2: and see 3, near the beginning, in two places; and 6, also in two places. b3: [اعتقبهُ signifies also He took it, or had it, subsequently. Thus one of the meanings of العُقْبَةُ is expl. in the A and TA by the words مَا يَعْتَقِبُونَهُ بَعْدَ الطَّعَامِ مِنَ الحَلَاوَةِ i. e. What they have, or take, after the main portion of the meal, consisting of sweetmeat. b4: And He had it, or experienced it, as a consequence of an act &c.: and that it may have ↓ مُعْتَقَبُ for an inf. n. in this sense (as well as in other senses agreeably with analogy) seems to be meant by its being said (in the Ham p. 287) that المُعْتَقَبُ signifies أَخْذُ عُقْبَةِ الشَّىْءِ i. e. آخِرِهِ. See also a somewhat similar signification of 5.] One says, فَعَلْتُ كَذَا فَاعْتَقَبْتُ مِنْهُ نَدَامَةً i. e. [I did such a thing and] I found, or experienced, in consequence thereof repentance; (S, O;) as also ↓ اِسْتَعْقَبْتُ. (A, O.) And مِنْ كَذَا خَيْرًا ↓ استعقب He found, or experienced, in consequence of such a thing, or after such a thing, good. (T, Msb.) And hence, perhaps, the saying of the lawyers, يَصِحُّ الشِّرَآءُ عِتْقًا ↓ إِذَا اسْتَعْقَبَ [as meaning The sale, or purchase, is valid when it has emancipation as an after-event]: but this does not agree with the former phrase unless by a far-fetched interpretation; and therefore one should say, إِذَا عَقَبَهُ العِتْقُ i. e. when emancipation follows it. (Msb.) b5: اعتقب also signifies He withheld, or detained, a thing in his possession. (TA.) And [particularly] He (a seller) withheld, or detained, an article of merchandise from the purchaser until he should receive the price: (S, A, O, K:) for the doing of which he is said in a trad. to be responsible; meaning, if it perish in his keeping. (S, A, O.) And He detained, confined, or imprisoned, a man. (S, O.) b6: See also 5.10 إِسْتَعْقَبَ see the next preceding paragraph, in three places: b2: and see also 1, latter half: b3: and 5. b4: [Accord. to Reiske, as mentioned by Freytag, استعقبهُ signifies also He followed his footsteps.]

عَقْبٌ: see عَقِبٌ, in eight places.

عُقْبٌ: see عَقِبٌ, in seven places.

عَقَبٌ The عَصَب [meaning sinews, or tendons,] of which أَوْتَار [i. e. strings for bows or the like] are made: (S, O, K: [see also 1, last quarter:]) n. un. with 3: (S, O:) or such as are white of the أَطْنَاب of the joints; (Mgh, Msb; [see عَصَبٌ;]) the عَصَب being such as are yellow: (Mgh and Msb in art. عصب:) accord. to IAth, the عَصَب [or sinews, or tendons,] of the two portions of flesh next the back-bone on either side, and of the سَاقَانِ and وَظِيفَانِ [meaning the hind and fore shanks], that are intermingled with the flesh, of any animal; the half of one whereof, divided lengthwise from the other half, is extended, or drown out, and trimmed, and cleansed of the flesh, and the وَتَر [or string for the bow or the like] is made thereof; and they are sometimes in the two sides of the camel; but [properly speaking] there is a difference between the عَصَب and the عقَب; the former being such as incline to yellow, whereas the latter incline to white, and are the harder, and firmer, or stronger, of the two: AHn says, on the authority of Aboo-Ziyád, that the عَقَب are [the sinews, or tendons,] of the two portions of flesh next the back-bone on either side, of the sheep or goat, and of the camel, and of the ox or cow,(TA.) [See also عِلْبَآءٌ.]

عَقِبٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ عَقْبٌ, (Msb, TA,) the latter being a contraction of the former, (Msb,) [The heel of a human being;] the hinder part of the foot of a human being: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) of the fem. gender: (S, O, Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَعْقُبٌ (TA) and [of mult. as well as of pauc.] أَعْقَابٌ: (Msb, TA:) and ↓ عَقِيبٌ is said to signify the same; but MF cites an assertion that this is a word of a bad dialect. (TA.) وَيْلٌ لِلْأَعْقَابِ مِنَ النَّارِ [Wo to the heels from the fire of Hell], (O, Msb, TA,) and ويل لِلْعَقِبِ من النّار [Who to the heel &c.], (TA,) occurring in a trad., means wo to him who neglects the washing of the heels in the ablution preparatory to prayer. (O, * Msb, TA. *) عَقِبُ الشَّيْطَانِ, (O, Msb, TA,) or, as some say, ↓ عُقْبَةُ الشيطان, (Msb, TA,) with damm, (TA,) which is forbidden in prayer, is expl. as meaning The placing the buttocks upon the heels between the two prostrations; which is what some term الإِقْعَآءُ: (Mgh, * O, Msb, TA:) so says A'Obeyd: (Msb:) or, accord. to some, this means the leaving the heels unwashed in the ablution preparatory to prayer. (O.) وَطِئَ النَّاسُ عَقِبَ فُلَانٍ [lit. The people trod upon the heel of such a one] means the people walked after, or near after, such a one: and in like manner, هُوَ مُوَطَّأُ العَقِبِ [lit. He is one whose heel is trodden upon]: (O, TA; *) because of his having command over people, and their being submissive to him: (O:) the latter phrase means he is one who has many followers: (A, TA: [see also art. وطأ:]) جَآءَ زَيْدٌ يَطَأُ عَقِبَ عَمْرٍو primarily signifies Zeyd came putting his foot in the place of the foot [or heel] of 'Amr every time that the latter raised his foot. (Msb.) And one says, مِنْ أَيْنَ عَقِبُكَ, (A, O,) or مِنْ أَيْنَ كَانَ عَقِبُكَ, (TA,) meaning Whence camest thou? or Whence hast thou come? (A, O, TA.) and رَجَعَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى عَقِبِهِ Such a one returned by the way of his heel; i. e., by the way that was behind him, and whence he had come; quickly. (Msb.) And وَلَّى عَلَى عَقِبِهِ, and عَلَى عَقِبَيْهِ, He turned back, or receded, from a thing to which he had betaken himself. (TA.) لَا تَرُدَّهُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِهِمْ, occurring in a trad., means Turn not thou them back to their former condition of not emigrating [for the sake of religion]: and مَا زَالُوا مُرْتَدِّينَ عَلَى أَعْقَابِهِمْ, in another trad., means They ceased not to return to infidelity: as though they went back wards. (TA.) b2: The عَقِب of the نَعْل [or sandal] is The part [or wide strap] that embraces the heel. (AO, in an anom. MS. in my possession.) b3: [And عَقِبُ البَابِ means The pivot (generally of wood) at the bottom of the door, turning in a socket in the threshold.] b4: and عَقِبٌ and ↓ عَقْبٌ (TA) and ↓ عُقُبٌ and ↓ عُقْبٌ (S, O, Msb, K, TA) and ↓ عُقْبَى and ↓ عُقْبَةٌ and ↓ عُقْبَانٌ and ↓ عِقْبَانٌ and ↓ عَاقِبٌ (TA) are syn. with ↓ عَاقِبَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) which signifies, (S, O, Msb, K,) i. e. as signifying, (TA,) The end; or the last, or latter, part or state; [but generally as explanatory of this last word, and often as explanatory of عُقُبٌ and عُقْبٌ and عُقْبَى, as meaning the consequence, or result, or issue;] of anything: (S, O, Msb, K, TA:) [and the same words, app. with the exception of عُقْبَى and عَاقِبَةٌ, signify also a time, or state, of subsequence:] the pl. [of the first four words is أَعْقَابٌ, and] of the last عَوَاقِبُ. (TA.) Hence, (S,) it is said in the Kur [xviii. 42], ↓ هُوَ خَيْرٌ ثَوَابًا وَخَيْرٌ عُقُبًا [or ↓ عُقْبًا or ↓ عُقْبَى, accord. to different readings, i. e. He is the best in respect of recompense, or reward, and the best in respect of consequence, or result, or issue; i. e., the consequence of the actions &c. of believers]. (S, O.) And in the same [xci. last verse], ↓ وَلَا يَخَافُ عُقْبَاهَا i. e. And He feareth not the consequence thereof. (Th, TA.) And they said, لَكَ فِى الخَيْرِ ↓ العُقْبَى meaning العَاقِبَةُ [i. e. May the end to thee be in that which is good; or may thy case end in good]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., سَافَرَ فِى عَقِبِ رَمَضَانَ, (T, O, Msb,) meaning He journeyed in the end, or the last, or latter, part, of Ramadán: (T, Msb:) or, when Ramadán had almost ended. (O.) One says, جِئْتُ فِى عَقِبِ رَمَضَانَ, (ISk, S, O, * Msb, *) with kesr to the ق, (ISk, S,) meaning [I came] when there was somewhat remaining of Ramadán. (ISk, S, O, * Msb.) And جِئْتُكَ فِى عَقِبِ الشَّهْرِ, and ↓ فى عَقْبِهِ, and عَلَى عَقِبِهِ, I came to thee in the latter part of the month, when ten days of it, or less, remained. (L.) هُوَ فِى عَقِبِ المَرَضِ He is in the state of convalescence in which somewhat remains of the disease: (Msb:) and فِى أَعْقَابِ المَرَضِ in the [state in which there are some] remains of the disease. (TA.) One says also, جَآءَ فِى عَقِبِهِ and ↓ عَقْبِهِ, meaning He came after him; or near after him; [as though at his heel; and hence, properly, close after him;] and جَآءَ عَقِبَهُ; from the phrase جَآءَ زَيْدٌ يَطَأُ عَقِبَ عَمْرٍو, meaning as expl. above. (Msb.) And بَنُو فُلَانٍ سَقْىُ إِبِلِهِمْ عَقِبَ بَنِى فُلَانٍ i. e. [The sons of such a one, the watering of their camels is] after [that of] the sons of such a one; a saying mentioned by ISk. (Msb.) And صَلَّيْنَا أَعْقَابَ الفَرِيضَةِ تَطَوُّعًا i. e. [We performed prayer] after the obligatory [by way of supererogation]. (Lh, IF, Msb, TA.) And جِئْتُ فِى عَقِبِ الشَّهْرِ i. e. I came after the month had passed. (El-Fárábee, Msb.) And خَلَفَ فُلَانٌ بعَقِبِى Such a one remained, or stayed, after me. (Msb.) Er-Rázee says, in the Mukhtár es-Siháh, that he had found no authority in the T nor in the S for the phrase جَآءَ فُلَانٌ عقبَ فُلَانٍ

[app. عَقِبَ], meaning Such a one came after such a one, except a similar saying of ISk, cited by Az, in which عقبَ is expl. as signifying after. (TA.) [But if the word in question be عَقِبَ, sufficient authorities for its use in this sense have been cited above: though it seems from what here follows that عُقُبَ or عُقْبَ in this sense is preferable.] One says, شَهْرِ ↓ جِئْتُ فِى عُقْبِ رَمَضَانَ, (S,) or ↓ عُقُبِهِ, (O,) and ↓ عَلَى عُقْبِهِ and ↓ عُقُبِهِ, (L,) and ↓ فِى عُقْبَانِهِ, (S, O,) meaning I came when the whole of the month of Rama-dán had passed: (S, O, L:) and ↓ جِئْتُكَ عُقْبَ رَمَضَانَ I came to thee at the end of Ramadán: and مَمَرِّهِ ↓ جِئْتُ فُلَانًا عَلَى عُقْبِ and ↓ عُقُبِهِ and عَقِبِهِ and ↓ عُقْبَانِهِ I came to such a one after he had gone: and ذَاكَ ↓ أَتَيْتُكَ عَلَى عُقُبِ and عَقِبَ ذاك and ذاك ↓ عَقْبِ and ذاك ↓ عُقْبَانِ I came to thee after that: and قُدُومِهِ ↓ جِئْتُهُ عُقْبَ I came to him after his arrival. (Lh, TA.) One says also, آلِ فُلَانٍ ↓ فُلَانٌ يَسْتَقِى عَلَى عُقْبَةِ Such a one draws water after the family of such a one. (TA.) And MF mentions ↓ جِئْتُكَ عَلَى عَاقِبِهِ [app. meaning I came to thee after him, or it]: and Aboo-Mis-hal mentions [app. in this sense] ↓ عِقْبَانِهِ, with kesr. (TA.) b5: عَقِبٌ (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and ↓ عَقْبٌ (S, O, Msb, K) also signify The child, or children, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) of a man; (S, O;) as also ↓ عَاقِبَةٌ: (S, O, K:) and the child, or children, of the child or children, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) of a man: (S, O:) applied to such as remain after the father: (TA:) or a man's offspring; (Mgh;) and so ↓ عَاقِبَةٌ: (Msb:) or his male children: and, accord. to some of the lawyers, the children of the daughters [of a man, also]: (Mgh:) of the fem. gender, on the authority of Akh: (S, O:) pl. أَعْقَابٌ. (TA.) The Arabs say, لَا عَقِبَ لَهُ, meaning There is, or are, no male offspring remaining to him: (TA:) and ↓ لَيْسَتْ لِفُلَانٍ عَاقِبَةٌ There is, or are, to such a one, no [remaining] child, or children. (S, O, Msb.) b6: شَىْءٍ ↓ عَقْبُ [or عَقِبُ شَىْءٍ] signifies A thing, whatever it be, that follows, succeeds, comes after, or takes the place of, a thing; as the water of a well, and the blowing of the wind, and the flying of the sand-grouse (القَطَا), and the running of a horse. (TA. [See also عَاقِبٌ.]) b7: And عَقِبٌ, (IAar, IF, A, Msb,) or ↓ عَقْبٌ, (S, K,) or, as As says, each of these, some of the Arabs using the latter form, by way of contraction, (Msb,) A run after another run, (As, IF, S, Msb, K,) of a horse: (As, IF, S, Msb:) or the last, or latter, run, of a horse: (IAar, Msb:) or one says of a courser, هُوَ ذُوْ عَفْوٍ وَعَقِبٍ meaning He has a first run, and a subsequent, and more vehement, run: (A:) and ↓ عِقَابٌ is said in the L to have the first of these meanings: (TA:) or it is pl. of عَقْبٌ [or عَقِبٌ] as having that meaning: (Ham p. 358:) an ex. of it occurs in the following verse, (Ham, TA,) cited by IAar: (TA:) يَمْلَأُ عَيْنَيْكَ بِالفِنَآءِ وَيُرْ ضِيكَ عِقَابًا إِنْ شِئْتَ أَوْ نَزَقَا [That would satisfy thine eye by his beauty, in the area before the dwelling, and content thee by run after run, or by runs after runs, if thou wilt, or by lightness, or agility]: (Ham, TA:) [or it may be here an inf. n., (of 3,) meaning on an occasion of being required to perform run after run: (see 3, last sentence:)] or, accord. to IAar, the meaning in this instance is, by his owner's making, upon him, warring, or warring and plundering, expeditions time after time: (TA:) accord. to Kh, لَهُ عِقَابٌ, said of a horse, means he has a recovering of strength (جمام [i. e. جَمَامٌ]) after ceasing to run. (Ham ubi suprà.) b8: Hence, A reply: so in the saying, relating to him who stops, or breaks off, in speech, لَوْ كَانَ لَهُ عَقِبٌ لَتَكَلَّمَ [If he had a reply, assuredly he would have spoken]. (A, TA.) b9: See also عِقْبَةٌ.

عُقُبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in six places.

عَقْبَةُ القَمَر i. q. عِقْبَةُ القَمَرِ, q. v. (L.) A2: and عَقْبَةٌ and ↓ عِقْبَةٌ signify Variegated, or figured, cloth: (TA:) or one of the sorts of variegated, or figured, cloths [that serve for the covering] of the [women's camel-vehicle called] هَوْدَج: (O, K, TA:) as also عَقْمَةٌ: (O, TA:) accord. to Yaakoob, the ب is a substitute for م. (TA.) عُقْبَةٌ: see عَقِبٌ, in three places. b2: Also The last that remains: so in the saying, فُلَانٌ عُقْبَةُ بَنِى فُلَانٍ [Such a one is the last that remains of the sons of such a one]. (L.) b3: And A turn; or time at which, or during which, anything is, or is to be, done, or had, in succession: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) pl. عُقَبٌ. (Msb.) One says, تَمَّتْ عُقْبَتُكَ Thy turn is completed. (S, O.) And دَارَتْ عُقْبَةُ فُلَانٍ The turn of such a one came round. (TA.) And رَكِبَ عُقْبَةً He rode one turn: and رَكِبَ عُقْبَتَهُ He rode his turn, or in his turn. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., مَنْ مَشَى عَنْ دَابَّتِةِ عُقْبَةً فَلَهُ كَذَا Whoso walks a turn to a certain point, instead of his beast, to him shall be given such a thing. (TA.) عُقْبَةُ الأجِيرِ meansThe hired-man's turn to ride; when the hirer dismounts, for example in the morning, and he (the former) rides. (Mgh.) And [the pl.] عُقَبٌ means [particularly] The turns of camels, when they are being watered: the watering of a number of camels together after another number is termed their عُقْبَة. (TA.) [See also عُقْبَى.] b4: And [it is said that] it means also Camels which a man pastures and waters in his turn; and IAar cites as an ex.

إِنَّ عَلَىَّ عُقْبَةً أَقْضِيهَا لَسْتُ بِنَاسِيهَا وَلَا مُنْسِيهَا

[but this I would rather render, Verily I have incumbent on me a turn to pasture and water camels; and I perform it; I am not a neglecter thereof nor a delayer of it]; meaning I drive the camels which I pasture and water in my turn, and I tend them well: مُنْسِيهَا is for مُنْسِئِهَا, for the sake of the rhyme. (TA.) b5: Also The place in which one mounts a beast to ride [app. in his turn]. (TA.) b6: And The distance, or space, of two leagues; i. e. twice the distance termed فَرْسَخ: and the distance to which one journeys [app. from one halting-place to the next; i. e. a stage of a journey]: pl. as above: a poet says, خَوْدًا ضِنَاكًا لَا تَسِيرُ العُقَبَا [Soft, or tender, heavy in the hinder part, that will not perform men's marches]; meaning that she will not [or cannot] journey with men, because she will not endure the doing so on account of her soft and delicate life. (TA.) b7: And The distance, or space, between the ascending and descending of a bird. (S, O, K.) b8: And The night and the day; because they follow each other. (K.) b9: And A substitute; or thing that is given, or taken, in exchange for another thing; (S, O, L, K;) as also ↓ عُقْبَى. (L, TA.) One says, أَخَذْتُ مِنْ أَسِيرِى عُقْبَةً I took, or received, for my captive, a substitute, or something in exchange. (S, O.) And ↓ سَأُعْطِيكَ مِنْهَا عُقْبَى occurs in a trad., meaning I will give thee something in exchange [for her, i. e.] for sparing her life, and liberating her. (L, TA.) b10: And Pasture, or food, of an ostrich, that is eaten after other pasture or food: [and likewise of camels: and of men:] pl. as above. (AA, S, O.) One says of camels, رَعَتْ عُقْبَتَهَا i. e. They pastured upon the [kind of plants termed] حَمْض after the [kind termed] خُلَّة; (A, L;) or upon the خُلَّة after the حَمْض: (L:) and of men one says, أَكَلُوا عُقْبَتَهُمْ They ate their repast of sweetmeat after the other food. (A, TA. [See 8, near the beginning.]) b11: And The remains of the contents of a cooking-pot, adhering to the bottom. (TA.) and Somewhat of broth which the borrower of a cooking-pot returns when he returns the pot. (S, O, K.) b12: [Hence,] أُمُّ عُقْبَةَ is an appellation of The cooking-pot. (T in art. ام.) أَبْو عُقْبَةَ is a surname of The hog. (Har p. 663. [But the origin of this I know not.]) b13: One says also, لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ عُقْبَةَ الصُّنْعِ, meaning I experienced from him, or it, difficulty: [as though lit. signifying, the result of the deed that I had done:] and [simply]

لَقِىَ مِنْهُ عُقْبَةً He experienced from him, or it, difficulty. (TA. [But in a copy of the A, and in my opinion correctly, the last word in this phrase is written ↓ عَقَبَةً: see عَقَبَةٌ, below.]) b14: And كُنْتُ مَرَّةً نُشْبَة وَأَنَا اليَوْمَ عُقْبَة, expl. by IAar as meaning I was such that, when I clung to a man, he experienced evil from me; but now I have reverted from being such, through weakness. (TA. [It is a prov., somewhat differently related in art. نشب, q. v.]) b15: See also the next paragraph, in four places.

عِقْبَةٌ (Lh, S, O, K) and ↓ عُقْبَةٌ, (Lh, O, K,) but the former is the more approved, (Lh, TA,) and عقب, (so in the TA, [app., if not a mistranscription, ↓ عَقِبٌ,]) A mark, sign, trace, impress, characteristic, or outward indication. (Lh, S, O, K.) One says, عَلَيْهِ عِقْبَةُ السَّرْوِ, (S, O,) and ↓ عُقْبَتُهُ, (O,) and الجَمَالِ, (S, O,) i. e. Upon him is the mark &c. [of generosity and manliness, and of beauty]. (S, O, K.) b2: عِقْبَةُ القَمَرِ and ↓ عَقْبَةُ القمر mean The return of the moon, when it has set, or disappeared, and then risen: (L:) [or the return of the moon after the change; for] one says, مَا يَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ إِلَّا عِقْبَةَ القَمَرِ, (S,) or ↓ عُقْبَةَ القمر, (so in the O,) meaning He does not that save once in each month: (S, O:) but, accord. to IAar, القَمَرِ ↓ عُقْبَةُ, with damm, is a certain star, or asterism, which is in conjunction with the moon once in the year; and عُقْبَةَ القَمَرِ means once in the year: so in the following verse, of one of the Benoo-'Ámir: لَا يُطْعِمُ المِسْكَ وَالكَافُورَ لِمَّتَهُ وَلَا الذَّرِيرَةَ إِلَّا عُقْبَةَ القَمَرِ [He will not apply to his hair that descends below the ear musk and camphor, nor the perfume called ذريرة, save once in the year]: or, as Lh relates it, عِقْبَةَ القمر: thus in the L; in which it is added that this saying of IAar requires consideration, because the moon cuts [a meridian of] the celestial sphere once in every month: but MF replies that it may be in conjunction with the said star only once in the year, as the moon's path varies in each successive month. (TA. [See also عَقْمَةٌ.]) A2: See also عَقْبَةٌ.

عَقَبَةٌ [A mountain-road;] a road in [or upon] a mountain: (Bd in xc. 11:) or a road in the upper part of a mountain: (Ham p. 287:) or a difficult place of ascent of the mountains: (K:) or it is in a mountain and the like thereof: (Msb:) or [it sometimes signifies] a long mountain that lies across the way, and over which the way therefore leads; long, or high, and very difficult; so called, too, when it is further impassable after it is ascended; rising high towards the sky, ascending and descending; most difficult of ascent; but sometimes its height is one [or uniform]; and its acclivity is in appearance like a wall: (TA:) [generally it means a road over, or up, or down, or over some part of, a mountain:] pl. عِقَابٌ. (S, O, Msb, K.) اِقْتَحَمَ العَقَبَةَ [properly signifying He attempted the mountain-road] is metaphorically used as meaning He entered upon a hard, or difficult, affair. (Bd in xc. 11.) See also عُقْبَةٌ, near the end. b2: It is also n. un. of عَقَبٌ [q. v.]. (S, O.) عُقْبَى: see عَقِبٌ, second quarter, in four places. b2: It occurs in a trad. respecting the prayer of fear; in which it is said of that prayer, كَانَتْ عُقْبَى [It was an affair of turns]; meaning that it was performed by one company after another; several companies performing it successively, by turns. (TA. [Compare عُقْبَةٌ as expl. in the third sentence of the paragraph on that word.]) b3: Also i. q. مرجع [app. مَرْجِعٌ i. e. A returning, &c.]. (TA.) b4: And The requital, or recompence, of an affair, or action. (S, O, K.) b5: See also عُقْبَةٌ, latter half, in two places.

عُقْبِىُّ الكَلَامِ i. q. عُقْمِىُّ الكَلَامِ, [the ب being app. a substitute for م,] i. e. Obscure speech or language, which men do not know. (TA in art. عقم.) عُقْبَانٌ: see عَقِبٌ, in four places.

عِقْبَانٌ: see عَقِبٌ, in two places.

رَجُلٌ عِقِبَّانٌ A rough, coarse, or rude, man; syn. غَلِيظٌ: pl. عقبان [so in the TA, either عِقْبَانٌ or عُقْبَانٌ]: mentioned by Kr: but Az doubted its correctness. (TA.) عُقَابٌ [The eagle;] a certain bird, (S, O, K,) of those that prey, (Msb,) well known: (K:) of the fem. gender: (S, O, Msb:) [though] applied to the male and the female; but with this distinction, that you say of the male, هٰذَا عُقَابٌ ذَكَرٌ [This is a male eagle]: or it is only female; and a bird of another kind couples with it; whence Ibn-'Oneyn says, satirizing a person named Ibn-Seyyideh, Say thou to Ibn-Seyyideh, مَا أَنْتَ إِلَّا كَالْعُقَابِ فَأُمُّهُ مَعْرُوفَةٌ وَلَهُ أَبٌ مَجْهُولُ [“ Thou art not other than the like of the eagle; ” for his mother is known, but he has a father unknown]: (MF, TA:) the pl. (of pauc., S, O) is أَعْقُبٌ, (S, O, K,) because it is of the fem. gender and the measure أَفْعُلٌ specially belongs to pls. of fem. nouns [though not to such exclusively], (S, O,) and أَعْقِبَةٌ, (Kr, TA,) and (of mult., S, O) عِقْبَانٌ (S, O, K) and عَقَائِبُ accord. to AHei, but Ed-Demámeenee thinks this to be strange; and pl. pl. عَقَابِينُ. (TA.) عِقْبَانُ الجِرْذَانِ [The eagles that prey upon the large field-rats] are not black, but of the colour termed كُهْبَة; and no use is made of their feathers, except that boys feather with them round-topped pointless arrows. (AHn, TA.) b2: [Hence,] العُقَابُ is the name of (assumed tropical:) One of the northern constellations, [i. e. Aquila,] the stars of which are nine within the figure, and six without, of the former of which are three well known, called النَّسْرُ الطَّائِرُ [q. v.]. (Kzw.) b3: [Hence also,] (assumed tropical:) The عُقَاب of the banner, or standard; (S, O;) [app. meaning the flag attached to a lance;] what is bound [to a lance] for a prefect, or governor; likened to the bird so called; and of the fem. gender. (L, TA.) It is also the name of (assumed tropical:) The banner, or standard, of the Prophet. (O, K.) And عُقَابٌ also means (assumed tropical:) A large banner or standard. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) i. q. غَايَةٌ: so in the saying of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, describing wine, لَهَا غَايَةٌ تَهْدِى الكِرَامَ عُقَابُهَا [meaning It has a banner, which guides the generous; like as the military banner guides and attracts warriors: for غَايَةٌ sometimes signifies a sign which the vintner used to set up to attract customers]: the repetition is approvable because of the difference of the two words in themselves: pl. عِقْبَانٌ. (TA.) b4: عُقَابٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A black she-camel; as being likened to the bird. [so called], (AA, O.) b5: And A stone (or piece of rock, L) protruding in the inside of a well, which lacerates the [leathern] bucket; (S, O, K, TA;) sometimes it is before [i. e. above] the casing [of stones or bricks]: it is when a mass of stone becomes displaced; and sometimes the water-drawer stands upon it: it is of the fem. gender: pl. as above. (TA.) And The stone upon which the waterer stands, (O, K,) [accord. to SM,] projecting beyond the casing in a well, the same that is meant in the next preceding sentence, (TA,) [but this I think doubtful, for Sgh adds,] between two stones which support it. (O.) Accord. to IAar, the قَبِيلَة is a mass of stone, or rock, at the mouth of a well; and the عُقَابَانِ are [two masses of stone] at the two sides of the قبيلة, supporting it. (TA.) And A rock, or mass of stone, projecting in the side of a mountain, like a stair, or series of steps: (S, O, K:) or an ascent, like stairs, in the side of a mountain. (TA.) b6: Also A hill; syn. رَابِيَةٌ. (O, K.) And Anything elevated, that is not very long or tall. (O, K. *) b7: A channel by which water flows to a trough, or tank. (O, K.) b8: A thing resembling an almond, that comes forth in one of the legs of a beast. (O, K.) b9: A small thread that enters into [or passes through] the two bores of the ring of the قُرْط [or ear-drop], (O, K, *) with which the latter is bound, or fastened: (O:) or, accord. to Az, the thread that binds the two extremities of the ring of the قُرْط. (TA.) b10: Accord. to Th, it signifies also Garments of the kind called أَبْرَاد [pl. of بُرْدٌ, q. v.]. (TA voce خُدَارِيَّةٌ.) b11: And accord. to Kr, [in the Munjid,] i. q. حَرْثٌ [app. meaning A ploughshare]. (TA.) b12: See also أَعْقَابٌ. b13: And العُقَابَانِ signifies Two pieces of wood between which a man is extended to be flogged: (L, TA:) or two pieces of wood which are set up, stuck in the ground, between which he who is beaten, or he who is [to be] crucified, is extended. (Mgh.) عِقَابٌ: see عَقِبٌ, last quarter.

A2: It is also pl. of عَقَبَةٌ [q. v.]. (S, &c.) A3: See also أَعْقَابٌ.

عَقُوبٌ: see عَاقِبٌ, near the end.

عَقِيبٌ Anything that is a sequent, of, or to, another thing; [in an absolute sense,] (S, Msb, TA,) as when you say, السَّلَامُ عَقِيبٌ لِلتَّشَهُّدِ [The salutation is a sequent to the تشهّد (q. v.)], and العِدَّةُ عَقِيبٌ لِلطَّلَاقِ [The عِدَّة (q. v.) is a sequent to divorcement], i. e., one follows the other; (Msb;) and [by alternation,] as when one says of the night and the day, كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا عَقِيبُ صَاحِبِهِ [Each of them is the alternating sequent of its correlative]: (Az, Msb, TA:) you say of the night and the day, هُمَا عَقِيبَانِ [They are two alternating sequents]; and عَقِيبُكَ signifies He who does a deed, or work, with thee by turn, he doing it one time and thou another: (A, * TA:) and ↓ مُعَاقِبٌ signifies the same, (S, Msb,) as also [↓ مُعْقِبٌ and ↓ مُعْتَقِبٌ and] ↓ مُعَقِّبٌ. (Msb.) As for the saying of the lawyers, يَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ عَقِيبَ الصَّلَاةِ [meaning He does that after the prayer], and the like thereof, there is no reason to be given but a suppression; the meaning being, فِى

وَقْتٍ عَقِيب وَقْتِ الصَّلَاةِ [in a time following that of prayer], عقيب being an epithet qualifying وقت: (Msb:) and Er-Rázee says, in the Mukhtár es-Siháh, that he had found no authority in the T nor in the S for the phrase جَآءَ عَقِيبَهُ meaning He came after him. (TA.) See also عَقِبٌ, first sentence. [And compare عَاقِبٌ.]

عُقُوبَةٌ Punishment; (S, * MA, Msb, * KL;) i. q. نَكَالٌ. (MA.) b2: And Detention, confinement, or imprisonment: so in the trad., لَىُّ الوَاجِدِ يُحِلُّ عُقُوبَتَهُ وَعَرْضَهُ i. e. [The solvent man's putting off the payment of his debt with promises repeated time after time renders allowable] the imprisoning of him and the accusing of him. (IAar, TA. [Accord. to one relation, mentioned in the TA in art. عرض, this trad. ends with وَعِرْضَهُ, there said to mean وَنَفْسَهُ.]) عُقَيِّبٌ, with teshdeed of the ى, (O,) or عُقَّيْبٌ, like قُبَّيْطٌ, (K,) A certain bird, (O, K,) well known. (O.) [If the name be correctly as in the O, the bird meant is probably an eaglet, or a small species of eagle.]

عُقَابٌ عَقَنْبَاةٌ, and عَبَنْقَاةٌ, and بَعْنَقَاةٌ, (S, O, K,) and قَعْنَبَاةٌ, (O,) and عَبَنْقَآءُ, (K in art عبق,) the vars. of the first being formed by transposition, (O,) An عُقَاب [or eagle] having sharp talons: (S, O, K:) or having abominable, or hideous, talons: (T, TA:) or quick in seizing, and abominable, or hideous: accord. to IAar, the epithet denotes intensiveness of quality, as in the cases of أَسَدٌ أَسِدٌ and كَلْبٌ كَلِبٌ: accord. to Lth, عَقْنْبَاةٌ applied to an عُقَاب signifies cunning: and the pl. is عَقَنْبَيَاتٌ. (TA.) [See also art. عبق.]

عَاقِبٌ [act. part. n. of عَقَبَ;] Coming after [&c.]. (Msb.) عَاقِبُ شَىْءٍ means Any person [or thing] that comes after, or succeeds, or comes in the place of, a thing. (S, O, TA.) العَاقِبُ is an appellation applied to the Prophet (S, O, Msb) by himself (S, O) because he came after other prophets, (Msb,) meaning The last of the prophets, (S, O.) And عَاقِبٌ لِامْرَأَةٍ means One who is the last of the husbands of a woman. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] عَاقِبَةٌ مِنْ طَيْرٍ Birds succeeding one another, this alighting and flying, and then another alighting in the place where the former alighted. (TA.) And إِبِلٌ عَاقِبَةٌ Camels that betake themselves to plentiful pasture where they feed freely, after eating of the [kind of plants called] حَمْض: [or] they are not so called unless they be camels that, in a severe year, eat of trees, and then of the حمض; not when they pasture upon fresh, juicy, or tender, herbage. (IAar, TA.) And إِبِلٌ عَوَاقِبُ Camels that drink water, and then return to the place where they lie down by the water, and then go to the water again. (IAar, S, O, K.) b3: And عَاقِبٌ signifies also A successor of another in goodness, or beneficence; and so ↓ عَقُوبٌ. (O, K.) b4: And A chief, or lord: or one who is below the chief or lord: (TA:) or the successor of the chief or lord. (S, K.) b5: See also عَقِبٌ, in two places.

عَاقِبَةٌ a quasi-inf. n.: see 1, first quarter. b2: See also عَقِبٌ, in four places.

أَعْقَابٌ pl. of عَقِبٌ [q. v.]. (Msb, TA.) b2: and [hence] Streaks, one behind another; as streaks of fat so disposed. (TA.) b3: And Pottery [or potsherds] put between the bricks in the casing of a well, in order that it may become strong; said by Kr to have no sing.: (TA:) [or,] accord. to IAar, ↓ عِقَابٌ, i. e. like كِتَابٌ, (TA,) or ↓ عُقَابٌ, (thus written in the O,) signifies pottery [or potsherds] between the rows, or courses, of bricks, (O, * TA,) in the casing of a well. (O.) [IAar cites an ex., in a verse, in which اعقاب would not be admissible.] And أَعْقَابُ الطَّىِّ signifies What surround the casing of a well; i. e. what are behind it. (TA. [See 4, latter half.]) تَعْقِيبَةٌ a modern word signifying A catchword at the bottom of a page: pl. تَعَاقِيبُ.]

مُعْقَبٌ [appears, from what here follows, to be used for مُعْقَبٌ حَالُهُ i. e. One whose state is changed]. IAar cites as an ex. of this word, كُلُّ حَىٍّ مُعْقَبٌ عُقَبَا meaning [Every living being] comes to a state different from that in which he was [by turns, or time after time]. (TA.) مُعْقِبٌ [accord. to the O, مِعْقَبٌ, but this I think a mistranscription,] A star that succeeds, i. e. rises after, another star, (S, K, TA,) and on the rising of which, he who rides in his turn, after another, mounts the beast: (TA:) a star at the appearance of which two persons who ride by turns during a journey take each the other's place; when one star sets and another rises, he who was walking mounts the beast. (AO.) See عَقِيبٌ.

A2: See also 4, latter half; where an ex. occurs in a verse.

مِعْقَبٌ He who is brought up for the office of Khaleefeh after the [actual] Imám [or Khaleefeh]. (O, K.) b2: And A skilful driver. (O, K.) b3: And A camel that is ridden by different persons in turns. (O, * TA.) b4: And A woman's خِمَار [i. e. muffler, or head-covering]; (IAar, O, * K, TA;) so called because it takes the place of the مُلَآءَة. (O, TA.) b5: And An ear-drop; syn. قُرْطٌ. (O, K.) مُعَقَّبٌ One who is made to go forth, (so in the CK,) or who goes forth, (O, and so in my MS. copy of the K,) from the shop of the vintner when a greater man than he enters. (O, K.) b2: جَآءَ مُعَقَّبًا He came at the end, or close, of the day. (TA.) b3: قِدْحٌ مُعَقَّبٌ An arrow which [in the game called المَيْسِر] is returned into the رِبَابَة [q. v.] time after time; the prize allotted to which is hoped for. (TA.) b4: جَزُورٌ سَحُوفُ المُعَقَّبِ A fat slaughtered camel. (TA.) b5: نَعْلٌ مُعَقَّبَةٌ A sandal having an عَقِب [q. v.]. (O, TA.) مُعَقِّبٌ Coming after, or near after, another thing. (O.) See عَقِيبٌ. b2: It is said that it is applied as an epithet to an angel; that one says مَلَكَ مُعَقِّبٌ [meaning An angel that follows another]; and مَلَائِكَةٌ مُعَقِّبَةٌ; and that مُعَقِّبَاتٌ is a pl. pl. (O.) المُعَقِّبَاتُ means The angels of the night and the day; (S, O, K;) because they succeed one another by turns; and the fem. form is used because of the frequency of their doing so, in like manner as it is in the words نَسَّابَةٌ and عَلَّامَةٌ: (S, O:) the angles called الحَفَظَةُ [pl. of حَافِظٌ, q. v.]: so in the Kur xiii. 12: in which some of the Arabs of the desert read مَعَاقِيبُ: (TA:) this [may be an anomalous pl. of عَقِيبٌ, like as مَهَاجِينُ is of هَجِينٌ, or it] is pl. of مُعَقِّبٌ or of مُعَقِّبَةٌ, the ى being to compensate for the suppression of one of the two ق. (Bd.) b3: المُعَقِّبَاتُ also signifies The she-camels that stand behind those that are pressing towards the wateringtrough, or tank; so that when one she-camel goes away, another comes in her place. (S, O, K.) b4: And The ejaculations of سُبْحَانَ اللّٰهِ, which follow one another, (O, K,) repeated at the end of the ordinary prayer, thirty-three in number, and which are followed by اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ thirty-three times, and اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرْ thirty-four times. (O.) b5: and مُعَقِّبٌ signifies also One who makes repeatedly warring, or warring and plundering, expeditions; and who journeys repeatedly, and does not stay with his family after his return. (TA.) b6: and One who seeks after a thing repeatedly, striving, or exerting himself: (S, O:) one who follows after a thing that is his due, demanding restitution of it: or one who follows close after a man, for something that is his due: one who seeks to recover his right, or due: and one who, being despoiled of all his property in a hostile attack, makes a hostile attack upon him from whom he has thus suffered, and endeavours to recover his property. (TA.) Lebeed says, describing a [wild] he-ass and his female, حَتَّى تَهَجَّرَ بِالرَّوَاحِ وَهَاجَهَا طَلَبَ المُعَقِّبِ حَقَّهُ المُظْلُومُ (S, O, but in the latter فِى الرَّوَاحِ,) i. e. [Until he went along in the midday heat, (بالرواح or فى الرواح being redundant,)] and drove her on [by a pursuit] like the seeking of him who is making repeated efforts, having been wronged, to obtain his due: (O:) المظلوم is an epithet qualifying المعقّب, and is in the nom. case agreeable with the meaning, (S, O,) because it is put after its proper place; (O;) and المعقّب is literally in the gen. case, but as to the meaning is an agent: (S, O: *) or, accord. to some, المعقّب [here] signifies the debtor who puts off the payment of his debt; so that المظلوم is an agent and المعقّب is an objective complement: (S:) or, as some say, المعقّب signifies he who demands the payment of a debt and repeats his demand thereof. (TA.) b7: Also Any one returning [app. to the doing of a thing]. (O.) b8: See also مَعَاقِبٌ. b9: لَا مُعَقِّبَ لِحُكْمِهِ, in the Kur [xiii. 41], means There is no repeller of his decree. (TA.) A2: Also A man who descends into a well to raise a stone of the kind called عُقَاب. (TA.) [See also the verb.]

مِعْقَابٌ A woman who usually brings forth a male after a female. (S, O, K.) A2: And A chamber (بَيْت) in which raisins are put. (K.) مُعَاقِبٌ: see عُقِيبٌ, with which it is syn. b2: [Hence,] إِبِلٌ مُعَاقِبَةٌ Camels that eat one time, or turn, of the [kind of plants called] حَمْض, and another of the [kind called] خُلَّة. (S, O, K.) b3: And نَخْلَةٌ مُعَاقِبَةٌ A palm-tree that bears fruit one year, and fails to do so another. (TA.) b4: And مُعَاقِبٌ also signifies A revenger of blood: a poet, cited by IAar, says, وَنَحْنُ قَتَلْنَا بِالمَحَارِقِ فَارِسًا جَزَآءَ العُطَاسِ لَا يَمُوتُ المُعَاقِبُ meaning [And we slew, in El-Mahárik, (app. the name of a place,) a horseman,] taking our bloodrevenge quickly, in the time that elapses between a sneeze and the prayer for the sneezer [which is usually “ God have mercy on thee ”]: the memory of the blood-revenger shall not die. (TA. [It is there also said that العقب (app. a mistranscription for ↓ المُعَقِّبُ, as may be conjectured from the fact that the م after the article is often indistinctly written, and inferred on other grounds,) is syn. with المُعَاقِبُ as here explained.]) مُعْتَقَبٌ: see 8: A2: and see also 5, last sentence.

مُعْتَقِبٌ: see عَقِيبٌ.

مُتَعَقَّبٌ: see 5, former half, in two places.

يَعْقُوبٌ, perfectly decl., because it is an Arabic word, not altered, and, although having an augmentative letter at the beginning, not of the measure of a verb; whereas يعقوب as a proper name of foreign origin is imperfectly decl.; (S, O;) The حَجَل [or partridge]: (K:) or the male of the حَجَل; (S, O, Msb;) or of the قَبْج; (Lh, Mgh;) but ISd says, I know not whether Lh mean by this the حَجَل or the قَطَا or the كَرَوَان, nor do I know that the قَبْح is the same as the حَجَل: (TA:) and the male of the قَطَا [or sand-grouse]: (TA:) pl. يَعَاقِيبُ. (S, Mgh, O, Msb.) كَأَنَّكُمْ يَعَاقِيبُ الحَجَلِ, occurring in a trad., means [As though ye were the males of partridges] in your haste, and your flying into destruction: for they are such that, when they see the female in the possession of the fowler, they throw themselves upon him, so as to fall into his hand. (Z, TA in art. ركب.) b2: and accord. to some, (TA,) the pl. also signifies Horses: they being thus termed as being likened to the يعاقيب of the حَجَل, (O, TA,) because of their swiftness: (TA:) so in the phrase رَكْضَ اليَعَاقِيبِ [As the running of the horses, or of the swift horses]; in a verse of Selámeh Ibn-Jendel: (O, TA:) but others say that the meaning [here] is, the males of the حَجَل. (TA.) It is said in the L that فَرَسٌ يَعْقُوبٌ means A horse that has a run after another run [or the power of repeating his running] (ذُو عَقْبٍ [or عَقِبٍ]). (TA.) b3: J has cited [in the S] the words of a poet, عَالٍ يُقَصِّرُ دُونَهُ اليَعْقُوبُ [High, so that the يعقوب falls short of reaching it] as an ex. of the last word meaning the male of the حَجَل: but IB says that it appears to mean in this case the male of the عُقَاب [or eagle]; like as اليَرْخُومُ means the male of the رَخَم; and اليَحْبُورُ, the male of the حُبَارَى; for the حَجَل is not known to have so high a flight: and ElFarezdak describes يَعَاقِيب as congregating with vultures over the slain. (TA.) اليَعْقُوبِيَّةُ [a coll. gen. n., n. un. يَعْقُوبِىٌّ,] the name of A sect of the خَوَارِج, followers of Yaakoob Ibn-'Alee El-Koofee. (TA.) b2: And A sect of the Christians; the followers of Yaakoob ElBarádi'ee [or Jacobus Baradæus], who assert the unity of the divine and human natures [in the person of Christ], and who are the most unbelieving and stubborn of the Christians: so says El-Mak- reezee, in one of his tracts. (TA.)