فسو

1 فَسَا, (aor. ـْ Msb,) inf. n. فَسْوٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and فُسَآءٌ, (M, K,) or this latter is a simple subst., (S, Msb,) He emitted a noiseless wind [or a puff of wind] (Msb, K, TA) from his anus. (K, * TA.) [Hence the saying, فَسَابَيْنَنَا الظَّرِبَانُ, or بَيْنَهُم, expl. in art. ظرب.]6 تفاسى, said of a man, He protruded his posteriors: (M, TA:) and تَفَاسَتْ, said of the [beetle called] خُنْفَسَآء, It protruded its podex for the purpose of emitting a noiseless wind: (S, TA:) but As says that it is with hemz. (TA. See 6 in art. فسأ.) الفَسَا is a dial. var. of الفَسَأُ [i. e. فَسًا is a dial. var. of فَسَأٌ, expl. in art. فسأ]. (K.) الفُسَاةُ: see the paragraph here following.

فَسْوَةٌ [is the inf. n. of unity of فَسَا, as such signifying A single noiseless emission of wind from the anus: and] has for its pl. [فَسَوَاتٌ, agreeably with rule, and also] فُسًى, which is [anomalous,] like شُهًى pl. of شَهْوَةٌ, which see. (TA.) b2: لَيْسَ لَهُ إِلَّا فَسْوَةُ الضَّبُعِ [the lit. signification of which is sufficiently plain] occurs in a trad. as meaning (assumed tropical:) There is not any benefit, or profit, or utility, attributable to it; [or rather, it is worse than useless;] the ضبع [or hyena] being particularized because of its stupidity and its evil nature: or, some say, it [i. e.

فسوة الضبع, and app. ↓ الفُسَاةُ also (mentioned among the addenda to this art. in the TA),] is a plant (شَجَرَةٌ) like the خَشخَاش [or poppy], from the fruit of which no great utility is derived: so says IAth. (TA.) [See also خَمْطٌ, in two places.]

b3: فَسَوَاتُ الضِّبَاعِ is an appellation of Certain truffles (كَمْأَةٌ); (K;) a species of كَمْأَة; (M;) said by AHn to be the species thereof called القَعْبَلُ; (M, TA;) and the like is said in the Minháj; and further, that it is a plant of disagreeable odour, having a head which is cooked, and eaten with milk; and when it dries, there comes forth from it what resembles وَرْس [q. v.]. (TA.) فَسَآءٌ an inf. n. of 1; (M, K;) or a subst. therefrom [signifying A noiseless wind from the anus]. (S, Msb.) فَسُوٌّ A man who often emits a noiseless wind from the anus; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ فَسَّآءٌ. (M, K.) فُسَيَّةٌ [originally فُسَيْوَةٌ] dim. of فَسْوَةٌ. (TA.) فَسَّآءٌ: see فَسُوٌّ. b2: And الفَسَّآءَةُ: see what here follows.

الفَاسِيَةُ (S, M, K) and ↓ الفَاسِيَآءُ (M, K) and ↓ الفَسَّآءَةُ (TA) The [beetle called] خُنْفَسَآء; (S, M, K;) which emits a noiseless wind, and makes the party to stink by its foul odour: (M:) the pl. of the first is الفَوَاسِى. (TA.) Hence the prov., أَفْحَشُ مِنْ فَاسِيَةٍ i. e. [More foul than] a خنفساء. (S, M.) الفَاسِيَآءُ: see the next preceding paragraph. b2: [اِبْنُ الفَاسِيَآءِ is an appellation of The insect called قَرَنْبَى, resembling the beetle called خُنْفَسَآء, or somewhat larger than the latter, with long hind legs, and with a speckled back: for القَرَنْبَى, as the explanation of ا, the TA, in art. بنى, has القرينى; and the TT, in that art., as from the T,.

الفُرَنَى: what I have here substituted for these is evidently, in my opinion, right.]

أَفْسَى مِنَ الظَّرِبَانِ [More wont to emit noiseless wind from the anus than the ظربان, a small stinking beast, described in art. ظرب,] is a saying of the Arabs. (TA.) المَفْسَى The anus [as being the place of emission of the فُسَآء]. (TA.) مَا أَقْرَبَ مَحْسَاهُ مِنْ مَفْسَاهُ [How near is his mouth to his anus!] is a prov. [expressive of wonder at a man's shortness: see مَحْسًى, in art. حسو]. (S.)

رهو

1 رَهَا بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهِ, aor. ـْ (AO, JK, S,) inf. n. رَهْوٌ, (AO, S, K,) He parted, or made an opening between, his legs: (AO, S, K:) or he parted widely, or made a wide opening between, his legs. (JK.) Hence the saying in the Kur [xliv. 23], وَ اتْرُكِ البَحْرَ رَهْوًا [expl. in art. ترك, and below]. (S.) b2: رَهْوٌ also signifies The going easily: (S, K:) one says, جَآءَتِ الخَيْلُ رَهْوًا [The horses, or horsemen, came pacing along easily]: and accord. to IAar, رَهَا فِى السَّيْرِ, aor. as above, mean He was gentle in going, or pace: (S:) or, as some say, رَهْوٌ in going, or pace, is the being soft, or gentle, with continuance: (TA:) or the going along quietly: (JK:) and one says, جَآءَتِ الإِبِلُ رَهْوًا, meaning The camels came following one another. (TA.) Also The going lightly: (JK:) you say, رَهَتْ, aor. and inf. n. as above, They, [i. e. camels or the like,] or she, went lightly. (TA.) And The going vehemently. (TA.) [Thus it has two contr. significations.]

b3: Also The being still, quiet, motionless, calm, allayed, or assuaged. (K, TA.) You say, رَهَا البَحْرُ The sea became still, or calm. (S.) and رَهَا الحَرُّ The heat became allayed, or assuaged. (TA.) Hence some explain وَ اتْرُكِ البَحْرَ رَهْوًا [mentioned above] as meaning And leave thou the sea motionless, or calm: some, as meaning dry. (TA.) And you say, اِفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ رَهْوًا Do thou that quietly, or calmly. (S.) And فَعَلَ ذٰلِكَ سَهْوًا رَهْوًا He did that quietly, or calmly, without being hard, or difficult: (TA:) or voluntarily; without its being asked, or demanded; (K and TA in art. سهو;) and without constraint. (TA in that art.) And أَعْطَيْتُهُ رَهْوًا I gave to him voluntarily; without being asked; or without con straint. (JK.) b4: رَهَا, (JK, TA) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. رَهْوٌ, (JK, K,) said of a bird, He spread his wings, (JK, K, TA,) without flapping them. (JK.) 3 راهاهُ, (K,) inf. n. مُرَاهَاةٌ, (TA,) He ap proached it, or drew near to it. (K, TA.) [App. a dial. var. of رَاهَقَهُ, which is better known.] Yousay, رَاهَيْتُ الاِحْتِلَامَ I approached, or drew near to, puberty, or virility. (JK.) A2: Also He aided him in his foolishness, or stupidity; syn. حَامَقَهُ. (K, TA: in the CK جَامَعَهُ.) 4 ارهى He found, or met with, a wide, or an ample, place. (M, K.) b2: He took to wife a woman wide in the vulva. (K, * TA.) b3: He continued the food to his guests by reason of liberality. (TA.) And أَرْهَيْتُ لَهُمُ الطَّعَامَ وَ الشَّرَابَ I continued to them the food and the beverage; (Yaakoob, S, K;) like أَرْهَنْتُ. (S.) b4: He did well: they say to the shooter, or thrower, when he does ill, أَرْهِهْ, i. e. Do thou well. (TA.) b5: أَرْهِ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ Be gentle with, or to, thyself: (S, K, TA;) [in the CK ارْهُ; and (hence, perhaps,) thus in the printed edition of Har, p. 498; where it is said to be from رها فى السير, meaning رفق: but the right reading is أَرْهِ, for] one says also مَا أَرْهَيْتَ إِلَّا عَلَى

نَفْسِكَ Thou wast not, or hast not been, gentle, save with, or to, thyself: (TA:) or thou didst not show, or hast not shown, mercy, save to thyself. (JK.) b6: ارهى لَكَ الشَّىْءُ The thing became, or has become, within thy power, or reach; or possible, or practicable, to thee. (TA.) b7: and أَرْهَيْتُهُ لَكَ I made it, or have made it, to be within thy power, or reach; or possible, or practicable, to thee. (TA.) b8: مَا أَرْهَيْتُهُ I did not leave it still, or motionless: and أَرْهِ ذَاكَ Leave thou that until it become still, or motionless. (TA.) A2: He kept continually, or constantly, to the eating of the [رَهْو, or species of crane called] كُرُكِىّ. (K.) 6 تَرَاهَيَا, (JK, K,) inf. n. تَرَاهٍ, (JK,) They two made peace, or became reconciled, each with the other; syn. تَوَادَعَا. (JK, K, TA: in the CK توارعا.) 9 اِرْتَهَوْا They became commingled, confounded, or confused. (K.) A2: Also, (K,) or ارتهوا رَهِيَّةً, (TA,) They made رَهِيَّة; i. e. they took ears of corn, and rubbed them with their hands, then bruised, or pounded, them, and poured milk thereon, and then cooked this mixture. (K, TA.) رَهْوٌ inf. n. of 1. (S, K, &c.) b2: Also An intervening space (JK, TA) between two things, (JK,) as, for instance, between the two humps of a camel of the species termed فَالِج. (TA.) b3: A place where water remains and collects or stagnates: (JK, TA:) a جَوْبَة [i. e. a depressed place, or a hollow, or an excavation, or such as is round and wide,] in the place of abode of a people, into which flows the rain-water or other fluid: (A 'Obeyd, S:) or, as also ↓ رَهْوَةٌ, a depressed place (S, K) in which water collects: (S:) and, both words, an elevated place: thus they have two contr. significations: (S, K:) or ↓ رَهْوَةٌ signifies an elevation like a hillock, upon a hard and elevated, or an elevated and plain, tract of ground, or upon a mountain, (JK, TA,) where hawks and eagles alight: (TA:) or a hillock inclining to softness, two or three cubits in height, but only in a soft tract of ground, and in hard, or hard and level, ground consisting of earth, mould, or clay; not upon a mountain: (TA:) [and accord. to some, it signifies a mountain itself; for] Ghatafán are called in a trad. تَنْبَعُ مَآءً ↓ رَهْوَةٌ, meaning a mountain welling forth water: or it means that in them were roughness and hardness: (TA:) the pl. [accord. to the S app. of رَهْوٌ, and accord. to the TA app. of ↓ رَهْوَةٌ, in each case agreeable with analogy,] is رِهَآءٌ. * (S, TA.) b4: [Also, accord. to Golius, as on the authority of the KL, A way through a market-place, at the sides of which sit the sellers: but not in my copy of the KL.]

A2: Also Wide, ample, or spacious. (TA.) b2: A well (بِئْرٌ) wide in the mouth. (TA.) b3: A woman (S) wide in the vulva; (Lth, ISh, S, K;) as also ↓ رَهْوَى (Lth, K) and ↓ رَهَآءٌ: (IAar, K:) [or] a woman who will not refrain from vitious conduct, or adultery, or fornication; as also ↓ رَهْوَى: (JK, TA:) or (TA) a woman that is not approved on the occasion of جِمَاع, (JK, TA,) because of her being wide [in the vulva]. (JK.) b4: A thing dispersed, or scattered. (TA.) b5: And sometimes, Quick, or swift. (TA.) b6: and Still, quiet, or motionless. (TA.) b7: And [hence, or مَطَرٌ رَهْوٌ,] A still rain. (TA.) A3: Also A company of men (JK, K, TA) following one another. (TA.) And غَارَةٌ رَهْوٌ [A company of horsemen making a raid, or an inroad, or incursion,] following one another. (TA.) And one says, النَّاسُ رَهْوٌ وَاحِدٌ مَا بَيْنَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا i. e. مُتَنَاظِرُونَ [app. meaning The people are disposed consecutively in one double rank, partly such and partly such, facing one another]. (TA.) A4: Also A certain species of bird; as some say, (S,) the [species of crane called] كُرْكِىّ: (JK, S, K, TA:) or a certain aquatic bird resembling the كركىّ: (TA:) pl. رِهَآءٌ. (JK.) A5: And A headcovering which is next to the head, and which very soon becomes dirty. (TA.) رَهْوَةٌ A state of elevation: and a state of depression: thus having two contr. significations. (TA.) b2: See also the next preceding paragraph, in four places.

رَهْوَى: see رَهْوٌ, as applied to a woman, in two places: b2: and see also مِرْهَاةٌ.

رَهْوَانٌ A depressed piece of land or ground. (TA.) b2: And applied to A بِرْذَون [or horse for ordinary use and for journeying] that has an easy back in going along: a genuine Arabic word: (TA:) or رَهَوَانٌ [thus I find it written, but it is commonly pronounced رَهْوَان, or رَحْوَان with ح,] is a vulgar term applied to a pacing horse. (MF voce هِمْلَاجٌ.) رَهَآءٌ A wide place. (K.) b2: A wide tract of land: (S, TA:) or what is wide of land: (M, TA:) [or] an even tract of land, seldom free from the سَرَاب [or mirage]: (JK, TA:) and what is even of anything. (TA.) b3: See also رَهْوٌ, as applied to a woman.

A2: It is also [app. A hue, or a haze,] like dust-colour and smoke. (TA.) رَهِيَّةٌ Wheat which is ground between two stones, and upon which milk is poured: (M, TA:) or ears of corn rubbed with the hands, then bruised, or pounded, and then milk is poured thereon, and it is cooked. (K.) رَاهٍ A life (عَيْشٌ) ample in its means or circumstances, unstraitened, or plentiful, easy, pleasant, soft, or delicate; (S, K;) and quiet, or calm. (S.) Easy; as an epithet applied to a [journey such as is termed] خِمْس. (S.) And Anything still, or motionless; as also رَآءٍ. (TA.) b2: طَعَامٌ رَاهٍ

Food that continues, or is permanent; like رَاهِنٌ: (AA, S:) and [in like manner (see رَاهِنٌ)] the fem. of each, with ة, is applied to wine. (S.) [Freytag adds, “Inde dicitur راهى الاباجل Celer de equo: ” but راهى is here a mistranscription for وَاهِى: see أَبْجَلُ.]

رَاهِيَةٌ [the epithet رَاهٍ converted by the affix ة into a subst.,] A bee; because of its quiet manner of flying. (JK, K.) فَرَسٌ مِرْهَاةٌ, with kesr, (K, TA,) like مِسْحَاةٌ [in form], (TA,) or مِرْهَآءٌ, (JK, and so in the CK, [like مِرْخَآءٌ in form, and, as most explain the latter, similar also in meaning, whence it seems that مِرْهَآءٌ is the more probably correct,]) A quick, swift, or fleet, mare: (JK, * K, TA:) pl. مَرَاهِى, (JK, K,) [or rather مَرَاهٍ if the sing. be مِرْهَاةٌ, and مَرَاهِىّْ if the sing. be مِرْهَآءٌ,] like مَسَاحِى [or rather مَسَاحٍ], (TA,) or like مَرَاخِى [or rather مَرَاخِىّْ, pl. of مِرْخَآءٌ]: (JK:) but in the M, it is ↓ رَهْوَى, [app. meaning that the sing. is thus,] like سَكْرَى; and in like manner in the Tekmileh and the JM. (TA.)

رجز

1 رَجِزَ, [aor. ـَ (S,) inf. n. رَجَزٌ, (TA,) He (a camel) had the disease termed رَجَزٌ [expl. below]. (S.) A2: رَجَزَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb, TA,) inf. n. رَجْزٌ, (TA,) He said, spoke, uttered, or recited, poetry, or verse, of the metre termed رَجَزٌ; [see this word below;] he spoke in verse of that metre; he poetized, or versified, in that metre; as also ↓ ارتجز; (S, * Msb, K, * TA;) and in like manner ↓ ارجز, he composed verses of that metre. (Ibn-Buzurj, L in art. قصد.) You say also, رَجَزَبِهِ He recited to him (أَنْشَدَهُ [so in more than one MS. copy of the K, and in the TA, but in the CK أَنْشَدَ, without the affixed pronoun, which is probably wrong,]) a poem of that metre; as also ↓ رجّزهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. تَرْجِيزٌ. (TA.) And ↓ ترجّز He urged, or excited, his camels by singing رَجَز, or his رَجَز: so accord. to different copies of the K. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] رَجَزَتِ الرِّيحُ, inf. n. رَجْزٌ, (assumed tropical:) The wind was continuous, or lasting. (TA.) And الرَّعْدُ ↓ ارتجز (tropical:) The thunder made uninterrupted sounds, like the recitation of the رَاجِز: (A, TA:) or, as also ↓ ترجّز, made a sound: (K:) or made consecutive sounds. (TA.) and بَآذِيِّهِ ↓ البَحْرُ يَرْتَجِزُ (tropical:) [The sea makes a continuous sound, or murmuring, with its waves]; as also ↓ يَتَرَجَّزُ. (A, TA.) [And hence, perhaps,] ↓ ترجّز السَّحَابُ (tropical:) The clouds moved slowly by reason of the abundance of their water. (K, TA.) [See also 6.]2 رجّزهُ: see 1.3 راجز صَاحِبَهُ [He recited verses, or poetry, of the metre termed رَجَز with his companion: or vied with him in doing so: see 6]. (A.) 4 أَرْجَزَ see 1.5 تَرَجَّزَ see 1, in four places.6 تراجزوا i. q. تَنَازَعُوا الرَّجَزَ بَيْنَهُمْ, (A, K,) and تَعَاطَوْهُ, (TA,) i. e. They recited verses, or poetry, of the metre termed رَجَز, one with another: (TK:) [or vied, one with another, in doing so.] b2: [Hence,] تراجز السَّحَابُ (tropical:) [The clouds combined, one with another, in uninterrupted thundering]. (A.) [See also 1.]8 إِرْتَجَزَ see 1, in three places.

رُجْزٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places.

رِجْزٌ properly signifies Commotion, agitation, or convulsion; and consecutiveness of motions. (TA.) b2: Hence, (TA,) Punishment (Aboo-Is-hák, S, Mgh, Msb, K) [like رِجْسٌ] that agitates by its vehemence, and occasions vehement consecutive commotions; (Aboo-Is-hák, Mgh, * TA;) as also ↓ رُجْزٌ: (K:) so in the Kur vii. 131; (Aboo-Is-hák;) and in ii. 56, and vii. 162, and xxix. 33. (S.) b3: Conduct that leads to punishment: so, accord. to some, in the Kur lxxiv. 5; (TA;) where some read الرِّجْزَ and others ↓ الرُّجْزَ: (S, TA:) ↓ the latter is also expl. as signifying sin: (TA:) and both, uncleanness; or filth: (S, K:) so in that instance: like رِجْسٌ: (S:) and polytheism; or the associating of another, or others, with the true God: (K, TA:) so, accord to some, in that instance: because he who worships what is not God is in doubt respecting his case, and unsettled in his belief: (TA:) and the worship of idols: (K:) so, accord. to some, in the same instance: (TA:) or the meaning there is and idol: (Mujáhid, S:) or ↓ the latter word signifies a certain idol; being the name thereof: (Katádeh, TA:) and the devil: and his suggestions. (TA.) b4: Also Plague, or pestilence; syn. طَاعُونٌ. (Mgh.) رَجَزٌ A certain disease which attacks camels, in the rump; (S, K;) so that when a she-camel rises, or is roused, her thighs tremble for a while, and then stretch out: (S:) or it is when there is a convulsive motion in the hind leg or the thighs of a camel, when he desires to stand up, or rises, or is roused, for a while, and then a stretching out of the same. (TA.) A2: Hence, (S,) الرَّجَزُ is the name of A certain species [or kind] of verse or poetry; (S, A, K;) a species [or kind] of the metres of verse; (Msb;) consisting of the measure مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ [primarily] six times: (K:) a metre easy to the ear and impressive to the mind; wherefore it may be reduced to a single hemistich, and also to two feet instead of six: (TA:) so called because it commences with a motion and a quiescence, [i. e., a movent and a quiescent letter,] followed by a motion and a quiescence; and so in the other feet; resembling the رَجَز in a she-camel, which consists in her quivering and then being quiet: (TA:) or because of the contractedness of its feet, and the fewness of its letters: (S, K:) or because it is [characterized by] صُدُور without أَعْجَاز [lit. breasts without rumps; for, as the two hemistichs generally rhyme with each other, the verse seems as though it had no عَجُز; i. e., as though its last foot should rather be called عَرُوضٌ, like the last of the first hemistich, than عَجُزٌ:] (TA:) Akh once said, رَجَزٌ, with the Arabs, is whatever consists of three feet; and it is that [kind of verse] which they sing in their work, and in driving their camels: [see بِذْلَةٌ, last sentence:] ISd says that certain of those in whom he placed confidence related this on the authority of Kh. (TA.) Some say that it is not verse, or poetry, but a kind of rhyming prose; but Kh held it to be true verse, or poetry: so in the M: but in the T it is said [as in the K] that Kh asserted it to be not poetry, but halves or thirds of verses: one of his reasons for this assertion [the only one that seems to have had much weight with the Muslims] is, that Mo-hammad once said, أَنَا ابْنُ عَبْدِ المُطَّلِبْ أَنَا النَّبِىُّ لَا كَذِبْ [which is an instance of a species of رَجَز, meaning, “I am the Prophet: it is no lie: I am the son of 'Abd-el-Muttalib ”]: and were this verse, he would not have said it, as is shown by what is said in the Kur., xxxvi. 69: but on this point, Akh has contended against him. (TA.) رِجَازَةٌ A certain vehicle for women, (S, * TA,) a thing smaller than the هَوْدَج: (S, K, TA:) pl. رَجَائِزُ: (TA:) or a [garment of the kind called]

كِسَآء, (S, K, TA,) in which is a stone, (K, TA, [in the CK a while stone,]) or in which are put stones, (S,) and which is suspended to one of the two sides of the هودج, to balance it, when it inclines: (S, TA:) so called because of its commotion: (TA:) or a thing consisting of a pillow and skins, or hides, put in one of its two sides for that purpose, and called رِجَازَةُ المَيْلِ: (T, TA:) or hair, (K,) or red hair, (TA,) or wool, suspended to the هورج, (K, TA,) for ornament: pl. رَجَائِزُ, said to occur in a verse of EshShemmákh: but accord. to As, this is a mistake for جَزَائِزُ [pl. of جَزِيزَةٌ, q. v.]. (TA.) رَجَّازٌ and رَجَّازَةٌ: see رَاجِزٌ; the latter, in two places.

رَاجِزٌ One who utters, or recites, poetry, or verse, of the metre termed رَجَزٌ; who speaks in verse of that metre; who poetizes, or versifies, in that metre: and in like manner, ↓ مُرْتَجِزٌ, and ↓ رَجَّازٌ [which signifies one who does so much], and ↓ رَجَّازَةٌ [one who does so very much]. (TA.) El-'Ajjáj has been placed the highest in rank as a راجز. (Mz, 49th نوع.) [His son, Ru-beh, seems to occupy nearly an equal place. Each of them composed a complete deewán of رَجَز.] b2: [Hence,] ↓ سَحَابَةٌ رَجَّازَةٌ (tropical:) [A cloud thundering much, or uninterruptedly]. (A, TA.) And ↓ غَيْثٌ مُرْتَجِزٌ, and ↓ مُتَرَجِّزٌ, (tropical:) Rain accompanied by thunder. (TA.) أَرْجَزُ A camel having the disease termed رَجَزٌ: fem. رَجْزَآءُ: (S, K:) the latter is explained as signifying weak in the rump, that does not move from her place unless after twice or thrice rising from the place where she lay: and that does not rise, when she desires to do so, unless after vehement trembling. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] إِنَّهَا لَرَجْزَآءُ, said of the wind (الرِّيح), (assumed tropical:) Verily it is continuous, or lasting. (TA.) And رَجْزَآءُ القِيَامِ (tropical:) A great, heavy cooking-pot. (TA.) أُرْجُوزَةٌ A poem of the metre termed رَجَزٌ: (Msb, K:) pl. أَرَاجِيزُ. (A, K.) مُرْتَجِزٌ: see رَاجِزٌ; the former, in two places.

مُتَرَجِّزٌ: see رَاجِزٌ; the former, in two places.

نَجْدٌ:
بفتح أوله، وسكون ثانيه، قال النضر:
النجد قفاف الأرض وصلابها وما غلظ منها وأشرف، والجماعة النجاد، ولا يكون إلا قفّا أو صلابة من
الأرض في ارتفاع من الجبل معترضا بين يديك يردّ طرفك عما وراءه، يقال: اعل هاتيك النجاد وهذاك النجاد بوجه، وقال: ليس بالتشديد الارتفاع، وقال الأصمعي: هي نجود عدّة، منها: نجد برق واد باليمامة ونجد خال ونجد عفر ونجد كبكب ونجد مريع، ويقال: فلان من أهل نجد، وفي لغة هذيل والحجاز: من أهل النّجد، قال أبو ذؤيب:
في عانة بجنوب السّيّ مشربها ... غور ومصدرها عن مائها نجد
قال: وكل ما ارتفع عن تهامة فهو نجد، فهي ترعى بنجد وتشرب بتهامة، وقال الأصمعي: سمعت الأعراب تقول: إذا خلّفت عجلزا مصعدا فقد أنجدت، وعجلز فوق القريتين، قال: وما ارتفع عن بطن الرمّة، والرمة واد معلوم ذكر في موضعه، فهو نجد إلى ثنايا ذات عرق، قال: وسمعت الباهلي يقول: كل ما وراء الخندق الذي خندقه كسرى، وقد ذكر في موضعه، فهو نجد إلى أن تميل إلى الحرّة فإذا ملت إليها فأنت بالحجاز، وقيل: نجد إذا جاوزت عذيبا إلى أن تجاوز فيد وما يليها، وقيل: نجد هو اسم للأرض العريضة التي أعلاها تهامة واليمن وأسفلها العراق والشام، قال السكري:
حد نجد ذات عرق من ناحية الحجاز كما تدور الجبال معها إلى جبال المدينة، وما وراء ذات عرق من الجبال إلى تهامة فهو حجاز كله، فإذا انقطعت الجبال من نحو تهامة فما وراءها إلى البحر فهو الغور، والغور وتهامة واحد، ويقال إن نجدا كلها من عمل اليمامة، وقال عمارة بن عقيل: ما سال من ذات عرق مقبلا فهو نجد إلى أن يقطعه العراق، وحدّ نجد أسافل الحجاز وهودج وغيره، وما سال من ذات عرق موليا إلى المغرب فهو الحجاز إلى أن يقطعه تهامة، وحجاز يحجز أي يقطع بين تهامة وبين نجد، والذي قرأته في كتاب جزيرة العرب الذي رواه ابن دريد عن عبد الرحمن عن عمه: وما ارتفع عن بطن الرمّة يخفّف ويثقّل فهو نجد، والرمة فضاء يدفع فيه أودية كثيرة، وتقول العرب عن لسان الرمة:
كلّ بنيّ فإنه يحسيني ... إلا الجريب فإنه يرويني
والجريب: واد عظيم يصبّ في الرمة، قال: وكان موضع مملكة حجر الكندي بنجد ما بين طميّة وهي هضبة بنجد إلى حمى ضريّة إلى دارة جلجل من العقيق إلى بطن نخلة الشامية إلى حزنة إلى اللقط إلى أفيح إلى عماية إلى عمايتين إلى بطن الجريب إلى ملحوب إلى مليحيب، فما ارتفع من بطن الرمة فهو نجد إلى ثنايا ذات عرق، وعرق هو الجبل المشرف على ذات عرق، وقال العتبي: حدثنا الرياشي عن الأصمعي قال: العرب تقول إذا خلّفت عجلزا مصعدا حتى تنحدر إلى ثنايا ذات عرق فإذا فعلت ذلك فقد أتهمت إلى البحر، وإذا عرضت لك الحرار وأنت تنجد فتلك الحجاز، تقول: احتجزنا الحجاز، فإذا تصوّبت من ثنايا العرج فقد استقبلت الأراك والمرج وشجر تهامة، فإذا تجاوزت بلاد فزارة فأنت بالجناب إلى أرض كلب، ولم يذكر الشعراء موضعا أكثر مما ذكروا نجدا وتشوّقوا إليها من الأعراب المتضمّرة، وسأورد منه ههنا بعض ما يحضرني، قال أعرابيّ:
أكرّر طرفي نحو نجد وإنني ... إليه، وإن لم يدرك الطرف، أنظر
حنينا إلى أرض كأنّ ترابها ... إذا مطرت عود ومسك وعنبر
بلاد كأنّ الأقحوان بروضة ... ونور الأقاحي وشي برد محبّر
أحنّ إلى أرض الحجاز وحاجتي ... خيام بنجد دونها الطرف يقصر
وما نظري من نحو نجد بنافعي، ... أجل لا، ولكني إلى ذاك أنظر
أفي كل يوم نظرة ثم عبرة ... لعينيك مجرى مائها يتحدّر
متى يستريح القلب إمّا مجاور ... بحرب وإمّا نازح يتذكّر
وقال أعرابيّ آخر:
فيا حبّذا نجد وطيب ترابه ... إذا هضبته بالعشيّ هواضبه
وريح صبا نجد إذا ما تنسّمت ... ضحى أو سرت جنح الظلام جنائبه
بأجرع ممراع كأنّ رياحه ... سحاب من الكافور، والمسك شائبه
وأشهد لا أنساه ما عشت ساعة، ... وما انجاب ليل عن نهار يعاقبه
ولا زال هذا القلب مسكن لوعة ... بذكراه حتى يترك الماء شاربه
وقال أعرابيّ آخر:
خليليّ هل بالشام عين حزينة ... تبكّي على نجد لعلّي أعينها
وهل بائع نفسا بنفس أو الأسى ... إليها فأجلاها بذاك حنينها
وأسلمها الباكون إلا حمامة ... مطوّقة قد بان عنها قرينها
تجاوبها أخرى على خيزرانة ... يكاد يدنّيها من الأرض لينها
نظرت بعيني مؤنسين فلم أكد ... أرى من سهيل نظرة أستبينها
فكذّبت نفسي ثم راجعت نظرة، ... فهيّج لي شوقا لنجد يقينها
وقال أعرابيّ آخر:
سقى الله نجدا من ربيع وصيّف، ... وماذا ترجّي من ربيع سقى نجدا؟
بلى إنه قد كان للعيس مرّة ... وركنا، وللبيضاء منزلة حمدا
وقال اعرابيّ آخر:
ومن فرط إشفاقي عليك يسرّني ... سلوّك عني خوف أن تجدي وجدي
وأشفق من طيف الخيال، إذا سرى، ... مخافة أن يدري به ساكنو نجد
وأرضى بأن تفديك نفسي من الرّدى، ... ولكنني أخشى بكاءك من بعدي
مذاهب شتّى للمحبين في الهوى، ... ولي مذهب فيهم أقول به وحدي
وقال أعرابيّ آخر:
ألا حبّذا نجد وطيب ترابه، ... وغلظة دنيا أهل نجد ودينها!
نظرت بأعلى الجلهتين فلم أكد ... أرى من سهيل لمحة أستبينها
وقال أعرابيّ آخر:
رأيت بروقا داعيات إلى الهوى، ... فبشّرت نفسي أن نجدا أشيمها
إذا ذكر الأوطان عندي ذكرته، ... وبشّرت نفسي أن نجدا أقيمها
ألا حبّذا نجد ومجرى جنوبه ... إذا طاب من برد العشيّ نسيمها!
أجدّك لا ينسيك نجدا وأهله ... عياطل دنيا قد تولّى نعيمها
وقال اعرابيّ آخر:
ألا أيها البرق الذي بات يرتقي ... ويجلو ذرى الظلماء ذكّرتني نجدا
ألم تر أنّ الليل يقصر طوله ... بنجد وتزداد الرياح به بردا؟
وقال أعرابيّ من بني طهيّة:
سمعت رحيل القافلين فشاقني، ... فقلت اقرؤوا مني السلام على دعد
أحنّ إلى نجد وإني لآيس ... طوال الليالي من قفول إلى نجد
تعزّ فلا نجد ولا دعد فاعترف ... بهجر إلى يوم القيامة والوعد
وقال نوح بن جرير بن الخطفى:
ألا قد أرى أنّ المنايا تصيبني، ... فما لي عنهنّ انصراف ولا بدّ
أذا العرش لا تجعل ببغداد ميتتي، ... ولكن بنجد، حبّذا بلدا نجد!
بلاد نات عنها البراغيث، والتقى ... بها العين والآرام والعفر والرّبد
وقال اعرابيّ آخر:
ألا هل لمحزون ببغداد نازح ... إذا ما بكى جهد البكاء مجيب؟
كأني ببغداد، وإن كنت آمنا، ... طريد دم نائي المحلّ غريب
فيا لائمي في حبّ نجد وأهله، ... أصابك بالأمر المهمّ مصيب
وقال أعرابيّ آخر:
تبدّلت من نجد وممن يحلّه ... محلة جند، ما الأعاريب والجند؟
وأصبحت في أرض البنود وقد أرى ... زمانا بأرض لا يقال لها بند
البنود: بأرض الروم كالأجناد بأرض الشام والكور بالعراق والطساسيج لأهل الأهواز والرساتيق لأهل الجبال والمخاليف لأهل اليمن، وقال أعرابيّ آخر:
لعمريّ لمكّاء يغنّي بقفرة ... بعلياء من نجد علا ثم شرّقا
أحبّ إلينا من هديل حمامة، ... ومن صوت ديك هاجه الليل أبلقا
وقال عبد الرحمن بن دارة:
خليليّ إن حانت بحمص منيّتي ... فلا تدفناني وارفعاني إلى نجد
وأدخل على عبد الملك بن مروان عشرة من الخوارج فأمر بضرب رقابهم وكان يوم غيم ومطر ورعد وبرق، فضربت رقاب تسعة منهم وقدم العاشر ليضرب عنقه فبرقت برقة فأنشأ يقول:
تألّق البرق نجديّا فقلت له: ... يا ايها البرق إني عنك مشغول
بذلّة العقل حيران بمعتكف ... في كفه كحباب الماء مسلول
فقال له عبد الملك: ما أحسبك إلا وقد حننت إلى وطنك وأهلك وقد كنت عاشقا؟ قال: نعم يا أمير المؤمنين، قال: لو سبق شعرك قتل أصحابك لوهبناهم لك، خلّوا سبيله، فخلوه، وقدم بعض أهل هجر إلى بغداد فاستوبأها فقال:
أرى الريف يدنو كلّ يوم وليلة، ... وأزداد من نجد وصاحبه بعدا
ألا إن بغدادا بلاد بغيضة ... إليّ، وإن كانت معيشتها رغدا
بلاد تهبّ الريح فيها مريضة، ... وتزداد خبثا حين تمطر أو تندى