بت

1 بَتَّهُ, (Lth, T, S, M, &c.,) aor. ـُ and بَتِّ, (S, M, Msb,) the latter anomalous, because a reduplicative verb [of this kind] having the aor. with kesr is not trans., except in certain instances, of which this is one; the other instances being عَلَّهُ, in relation to drinking, aor. ـُ and بَتِّ, and نَمَّ الحَدِيثَ, aor. ـُ and بَتِّ, and شَدَّهُ, aor. ـُ and بَتِّ, and حَبَّهُ, aor. ـِ the last having but one form [of aor. ]; (S;) inf. n. بَتٌّ: (Lth, T, S, M, A, &c.:) and ↓ ابتّهُ, (M,) inf. n. إِبْتَاتٌ: (Mgh, K:) He cut it off, severed it, separated it, or disunited it, (Lth, T, S, M, A, * Mgh, * Msb, K, *) entirely, or utterly; (Lth, T, M;) namely, a thing; (M;) a rope, or cord; (Lth, T;) and a tie, or bond, of union between two persons. (M.) b2: [بَتَّهُ and ↓ ابتّهُ, accord. to the TA, app. signify also He, or it, caused him (a man) to become unable to proceed in his journey, his camel that bore him breaking down, or stopping from fatigue, or perishing: for انبتّ as signifying “he became so” is there said to be quasi-pass. of those two verbs when it has this sense. Hence,] بَتَّهُ السَّفَرُ [The journey caused him to become cut off, &c.]. (A.) And سَاقَ دَابَّتَهُ حَتَّي بَتَّهَا [He urged on his beast so that, or until, he caused it to become cut off, &c.]: (A:) and بَعِيرَهُ ↓ أَبَتَّ He caused his camel to become cut off, &c., (قَطَعَةُ,) by travel: (M, TA:) this is not said but of a man who has forced on his camel at a hard pace, or by laborious journeying. (TA.) b3: بَتَّ طَلَاقَ امْرَأَتِهِ, (T, Msb, TA,) or طَلَاقَ المَرْأَةِ, (Mgh,) and ↓ أَبَتَّــهُ, (Lth, T, Mgh, Msb,) He made the divorce of his wife, or of the woman, to be absolutely separating, (Lth, T, Mgh, Msb, TA,) so as to cut her off from return. (Msb.) Lth, with whom Az agrees, has erred in asserting that بَتَّ is intrans. and ↓ أَبَتّ trans.: (T, TA:) both are trans. and intrans., (T, Msb, TA,) as En-Nawawee asserts in the Tahdheeb el-Asmà wa-1-Loghát. (TA.) You say, الطَّلْقَةُ الوَاحِدَةُ تَبُتُّ, and ↓ تُبِتُّ, i. e. The single divorce cuts the matrimonial tie, or bond, of the woman, (تَقْطَعُ عِصْمَةَ النِّكَاحِ, T, Mgh, *) when the period during which she must wait before contracting a new marriage has ended. (T.) [See also بَتٌّ.] b4: بَتَّ عَلَيْهِ القَضَآءَ, (T, S, M, A,) inf. n. بَتٌّ; (M;) and ↓ أَبَتَّــهُ; (T, S, M;) He (the judge, T) decided the judgment, or sentence, against him. (T, S, * M.) b5: بَتَّ عَلَيْهِ الشَّهَادَةَ, and ↓ أَبَتَّــهَا, He decided against him by the testimony, [or pronounced the testimony decisive against him,] and compelled, or constrained, him to admit it. (M.) b6: بَتَّ شَهَادَتَهُ, and ↓ أَبَتَّــهَا, He gave his testimony decisively. (Msb.) b7: أَبُتُّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ I know, or declare, decidedly, not [merely] thinking it, that he said thus. (Saheeh of Muslim.) b8: بَتَّ النِّيَّةَ He made the intention decided; or fixed it decidedly. (A.) It is said in a trad., لَا صِيَامَ لِمَنْ الصّيَامِ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ ↓ لَمْ يُبِتَّ, (T, S, Mgh,) or لَمْ يَبُتَّ, accord. to different recitals, (Mgh,) i. e. There is no fasting to him [meaning his fasting is null] who does not decisively impose it upon himself, by intention, from the night: (S, * Mgh:) or, who does not form the intention of fasting before daybreak, and thus cut it off from the time in which there is no fasting, namely, the night: the intention is termed بَتٌّ [and إِبْتَاتٌ] because it makes a division between non-fasting and fasting: (T, TA:) لَمْ يُبِت, from الإِبَاتَةُ, is a mistake; but لم يُبَيِّت, from التَّبْيِيتُ, [see بَيَّتَ,] is correct. (Mgh.) and it is said in another trad., نِكَاحَ هٰذِهِ النِّسَآءِ ↓ أَبِتُّــوا, i. e. Decide ye the affair respecting the marriage of these women, and confirm it by its [proper] conditions: an oblique prohibition of the kind of marriage termed نِكَاحُ المُتْعَةِ, because it is a marriage not [absolutely or lawfully] decided, [being] made definite as to duration. (TA.) b9: بَتَّ also signifies He made to have, or take, effect; he executed, or performed; (Har p. 210;) and so ↓ ابتّ, as in the phrase, ابتّ يَمِينَهُ He made his oath to have, or take, effect; he executed, or performed, it. (M.) b10: سَكْرِانُ مَا يَبُتُّ كَلَامًا, (Ks, T, M,) and ما يَبِتُّ, (M,) and ↓ ما يُبِتُّ, (Ks, T, M,) One who is drunk, who does not speak plainly, or distinctly; lit., who does not make speech plain, or distinct; (Ks, T;) or who does not articulate speech; syn. مَا يَقْطَعُهُ: (M:) or, as As says, (T,) سَكْرَانُ مَا يَبُتُّ, (T, A,) or لَا يَبُتُّ, (S, K,) and لا يَبِتُّ, and ↓ لا يُبَتُّ, (K,) which last form of the verb is disallowed by As, but both are correct accord. to Fr, (T, S,) meaning one who is drunk, who does not, or will not, [i. e. cannot,] decide an affair. (As, T, S, K.) [See also بَاتٌّ.]

A2: See also 7. b2: [Hence,] بَتّتْ يَمِينُهُ, (M, Msb,) aor. ـِ only, inf. n. بُتُوتٌ, (Msb,) His oath bad, or took, effect; was executed, or performed; syn. وَجَبَتْ: (M:) it was, or proved, true: (Msb:) a phrase mentioned by Az, and, if correct, not needing any explanation. (M.) [See ابتّ يَمِينَهُ, above.]

A3: بَتَّ, aor. ـِ inf. n. بُتُوتٌ, He was, or became, lean, or meagre. (M, K.) [See بَاتٌّ.]

A4: بَتٌّ [inf. n. of بَتَّ] also signifies The selling, and the weaving, a [garment of the kind called]

طَيْلَسَان [or بَتّ, q. v.]. (KL.) 2 بتّتهُ, inf. n. تَبْتِيتٌ, He cut it off, or severed it, [entirely, or utterly, and] much, or with extraordinary energy or effectiveness; the teshdeed denoting intensiveness of signification. (S.) A2: بَتَّتُوهُ They furnished him with [بَتَات, or] travel-ling-provisions. (M, K.) A3: بَتِّتْهُمْ Give thou to them [garments called] بُتُوت [pl. of بَتُّ, q. v.]. (TA, from a trad.) 4 أَبْتَ3َ see 1, passim: A2: and see 7.5 تبتّت He became furnished with [بَتَات, or] travelling provisions: and he became provided with [بَتَات, or] utensils and furniture of the house or tent; or household goods. (M, K, TA.) 7 انبتّ It was, or became, cut off, severed, separated, or disunited, (Lth, T, S, M, Msb, K,) entirely, or utterly; (Lth, T, M;) namely, a thing; (M;) a rope, or cord; (Lth, T;) and a tie, or bond, of union between two persons: (T, M: *) as also ↓ بَتَّ, (Lth, Az, T, M, Msb,) aor. ـِ and بَتُّ, (M, [so accord. to a copy of that work, but it seems to be indicated in the Msb (see 1, near the close of the paragraph,) that it is بَتِّ only, in this case,]) inf. n. بَتٌّ; (Lth, Az, T, M, K;) and ↓ ابتّ, (T, Msb, TA,) inf. n. إِبْتَاتٌ; (T, TA;) the last said by Lth and Az to be trans. only; (T, TA;) but it is both trans. and intrans., like the second: (T, Msb, TA:) so says En-Nawawee, as mentioned above: see 1. (TA.) You say, اِنْقَطَعَ فُلَانٍ فَانْبَتَّ حَبْلُهُ عَنْهُ [Such a one broke off, or disunited himself, from such a one, and his tie, or bond, of union became severed from him]. (T, TA, [but in a copy of the former, for عن فلان, is put عَنْ مَالِهِ from his property.]) b2: He became unable to proceed in his journey, his camel that bore him breaking down, or stopping from fatigue, or perishing: (A, * Mgh, * TA:) quasi-pass. of بَتَّهُ and أَبَتَّــهُ. (TA.) You say, سَارَ حَتَّى انْبَتَّ He journeyed until he was unable to proceed &c. (A, Mgh, TA.) [See also مُنْبَتٌّ.]

b3: His مَآء, (A,) the مآء of his back, (Ks, T, K,) [i. e. his seminal fluid,] became cut off, or stopped, or ceased, (Ks, T, A, K,) by reason of age: (A:) said of a man. (Ks, T, A.) بَتٌّ inf. n. of 1, q. v. (Lth, T, S, M, &c.) [It is sometimes used as an inf. n.; as also ↓ بَتّةٌ and ↓ بَتَاتٌ, explained in the M as syn. with قَطْعٌ: and sometimes, as is often the case with inf. ns., in the sense of the act. part. n. of its verb, namely ↓ بَاتٌّ, trans. and intrans.; as also ↓ بَتَاتٌ; both of which are masc. and fem., because originally inf. ns.; but بَتٌّ has also بَتَّةٌ for its fem. The following are exs.] b2: أَعْطَيْتُهُ هٰذِهِ العَطِيَّةَ بَتَّا بَتْلًا [I gave him this gift, cutting it off from my property so as to make it irrevocable; or, it being cut off &c.]. (Lth, T.) And تَصَدَّقَ

↓ فُلَانٌ صَدَقَةً بَتَاتًا, and صَدَقَةً بَتَّةً بَتْلَةُ, (T, S,) Such a one bestowed an alms, or a gift for the sake of God, cut off from his property; (T, TA;) and therefore, (TA,) parted from himself. (S, TA.) Such a gift is termed صَدَقَةٌ بَتَّةٌ, (A, * Nh,) and صدقة بَتَّةٌ بَتْلَةٌ. (M.) b3: طَلَّقَهَا, (Mgh, K,) and ↓ بَتَاتًا, (K,) and البَتَّةَ, (T,) and طَلْقَةً بَتَّةً, (Msb,) and ↓ طَلَاقًا بَاتَّا, (Lth, T, Msb, * TA, [in one copy of the T simply بَاتَّا,]) He divorced her by a separating divorce; (K;) by a divorce cutting her off from returning: and such a divorce is also termed ↓ طلاق مُبِتٌّ: (Msb:) or the first of these phrases signifies he divorced her by a divorce either cut off, [meaning decided and irrevocable,] or cutting off. (Mgh.) And طَلَّقَهَا ثَلَاثًا بَتَّةً, (As, T, S, M, Msb,) and ↓ بَتَاتًا, (M,) He divorced her by three divorces so as to cut her off from returning: (M, Msb:) or by three divorces cut off from himself [so as to be irrevocable]: (S:) or by three divorces cutting off [from returning]. (TA.) b4: حَلَفَ بَتَّا, and بَتَّةً, and ↓ بَتَاتًا, [may mean He swore decidedly, or decisively; or irrevocably: or] he swore with effect, or execution, or performance; [see 1, near the end of the paragraph;] from the signification of “ cutting ,” or “ cutting off,” &c.: (M:) [or, as also] حَلَفَ يَمِينًا بَتًّا, and بَتَّةً, (Msb, TA,) and ↓ بَاتَّةً, (Mgh, * Msb,) and ↓ بَتَاتًا, (TA,) he swore an oath that was, or proved, true. (Msb.) b5: طَحَنَ بِالرَّحَى بَتًّا He ground with the mill, turning it, (Az, T,) or beginning the turning, (S,) from his left: (Az, T, S:) [i. e., making it to turn in the contrary way of the hands of a watch: the last word is app. an inf. n.; as though meaning effectually; for this is the general and easier or more powerful way of turning the handmill:] the contrary way is termed شَزْرًا: (Az, T, S: *) or طَحَنَ بَتَّا signifies he began in the turning [of the mill] with the left [hand]. (K: [but بِاليَسَارِ is here evidently put by mistake for عَنِ اليَسَارِ.]) A2: A kind of طَيْلَسَان [q. v.] called سَاج, (Lth, T,) or a [garment of the kind called]

كِسَآء, (M, Mgh,) square, or four-sided, (Lth, T, M,) thick, (Lth, T, M, Mgh,) loose, or uncompact, in texture, (M,) and green [or rather of a dingy ash-colour, or dark dust-colour, for such is the general meaning of أَخْضَرُ, the term here used, when applied to a garment of this kind]; (Lth, T, M;) or, as some say, (M,) of [the soft hair termed] وَبَر, and of wool; (M, Mgh;) and thus described in the Kifáyet el-Mutahaffidh: (TA:) or a طيلسان of [the material termed] خَزّ, (S Mgh, K,) and the like: (S, K:) pl. بُتُوتٌ, (Lth, T, S, Mgh,) or بِتَاتٌ, (M,) but the former occurs in trads. [&c.], (TA,) and [pl. of pauc.]

أَبُتٌّ. (M.) بَتَّةٌ: see بَتٌّ. b2: لَا أَفْعَلُهُ الْبَتَّةَ, (S, M, K,) as also بَتَّةً, (S, K,) the latter mentioned by IF, (Msb,) but IB says that Sb and his companions allow only the former, and that only Fr allows the latter, (TA,) and some say that the former has been heard pronounced with the disjunctive. [اَلْبَتَّةَ], (MF,) and thus it is written in a copy of the K, (TA,) but others greatly disapprove of this, (MF,) [meaning I will not do it, decidedly, or absolutely,] is said of anything in respect of which there is no returning, or revoking; (S, IF, M, Msb, K;) الَبتَّةَ being said of a thing to be done, or performed, irrevocably, and from which there is no abstaining by reason of sluggishness; (T;) as though the speaker cut off the doing of the thing: (M:) the last word is in the accus. case as an inf. n.: (S:) Sb says, it is a corroborative inf. n., and is not used without ال. (M.) It is said in a trad., أَحْسِبُهُ قَالَ جُوَيْرِيَة أَوِ الْبَةَ قَالَ [I think he said Juweyriyeh, or decidedly he said so]; as though the speaker doubted of the female's name, and said, “I think it was Juweyriyeh; ” then corrected, and said, “or I know,” or “ declare,”

“ decidedly, (أَبُتُّ, i. e. أَقْطَعُ,) that he said Juweyriyeh: I do not [merely] think. ” (Saheeh of Muslim.) بَتَاتٌ: see بَتٌّ, in seven places. b2: A man is said to be عَلَى بَتَاتِ أَمْرٍ, meaning On the point of [accomplishing, or deciding,] an affair. (S, A, K.) A rájiz says, وَحَاجَةٍ كُنْتُ عَلَى بَتَاتِهَا [Many a needful affair I was on the point of accomplishing]. (S.) A2: Travelling provisions: (S, M, A, K:) and requisites, equipments, or furniture; syn. جَهَازٌ: (S, K:) pl. أَبِتَّــةٌ. (S.) A verse of Tarafeh cited voce بَاعَ exhibits an ex. of the former signification. (TA.) b2: Also The utensils and furniture of the house or tent; or household goods: (S, M, K:) pl. as above. (K.) It is said in a trad., لَا يُؤْخَذُ مِنْكُمْ عُشْرُ البَتَاتِ [The tithe of the utensils &c. of the house or tent shall not be taken from you]: (S:) i. e., no poor-rate shall be levied upon such utensils &c. that are not for traffic. (A 'Obeyd.) بَتَّىٌّ: see what next follows.

بَتَّاتٌ (S, Mgh, K) and ↓ بَتِّىٌّ (S, K) A maker, (S,) or seller, of the kind of garment called بَتّ. (S, Mgh, K.) بَاتٌّ: see بَتٌّ, in three places. b2: Cut off from [the possession of] reason, or intellect, by drunkenness: (AHn, M:) or drunken: (K:) and stupid, or foolish: (S, K:) and أَحْمَقُ بَاتٌّ signifies very stupid or foolish, (T, M,) accord. to Lth; but [Az adds,] what we remember to have heard from those deserving of confidence is تَابٌّ, from التَّبَابُ, meaning الخَسَارُ; like as one says, أَحْمَقُ خَاسِرٌ دَابِرٌ دَامِرٌ [explained in art. خسر]. (T.) [See also 1, near the end of the paragraph.] b3: Also Lean, or meagre, (S, M, K,) and unable to rise, or stand. (TA.) طَلَاقٌ مُبِتٌّ: see بَتٌّ.

مَبْتُوتَةٌ A woman absolutely separated by divorce, so as to be cut off from return: originally مَبْتُوتٌ طَلَاقُهَا. (Mgh, Msb.) مُنْبَتٌّ A man unable to proceed in his journey, his camel that bore him having broken down, or stopped from fatigue, or perished; (T, M, * TA;) syn. مُنْقَطَعٌ بِهِ: (S, Mgh, TA:) or who remains on his road unable to attain the place to which he is directing his course, the beast or camel that bore him (ظَهْرُهُ) having broken down, or stopped from fatigue, or perished. (TA.)

بتع

1 بَتِعَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. بَتَعٌ, (ISh, S, K,) He (a horse, K) was, or became, long in the neck, and at the same time strong in its base: (S, K:) or thick and fleshy in the neck: or strong in the neck. (ISh.) b2: It, (the body,) and he, (a man,) was, or became, strong in the joints. (K, TA.) A2: بَتَعَ, aor. ـِ He prepared, and made, the beverage called نَبِيذ. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) [See بِتْعٌ.]

بَتْعٌ, with fet-h, [perhaps a mistake for بَتَعٌ, (see 1,)] Strength. (TA.) بِتْعٌ (S, Mgh, K) and ↓ بِتْعٌ (S, K) [Hydromel, or] نَبِيذ of honey, (S, K,) that has become strong; (K;) نبيذ made of honey, as though it were wine in strength, the drinking of which is disapproved; (El-'Eyn;) an intoxicating beverage made of honey, in El-Y emen: (Mgh:) or wine made of fresh dates: (Ibn-El-Beytár, cited by Golius:) or the pure juice of grapes; (Ibn-' Abbád, K;) said by some to be so called by reason of the strength therein, from بَتَعٌ, [inf. n. of بَتِعَ,] meaning “ strength of the neck: ” (TA:) or the former signifies wine: (K:) or wine made of honey: (AHn:) a word of the dial. of El-Yemen: (TA:) the wine of El-Medeeneh is from unripe dates, and from ripe dates; that of the Persians, from grapes; that of the people of El-Yemen is بِتْع, and is from honey; and that of the Abyssinians is سُكُرْكَة. (Aboo-Moosà El-Ash'aree.) [See مِزْرٌ.]

A2: See also بَتعٌ.

بَتِعٌ A horse long in the neck, and at the same time strong in its base: fem. with ة: (As, S, K:) or long in the neck. (IAar.) You say also عُنُقٌ بَتِعٌ (ISh, TA) and بَتِعَةٌ (TA) A strong neck: or an excessively long neck: (TA:) or a thick and fleshy neck: (ISh:) and ↓ أَبْتَــعُ [in like manner] signifies full, applied to a رُسْغ, [app. here meaning a pastern], (K,) accord. to Lth, who cites, from Ru-beh, the phrase رُسْغًا أَبْتَــعَ: but IB thinks that the right reading is جِيدًا أَبْتَــعَ [a full neck]. (TA.) b2: Also A tall man: (L, TA:) in this sense, accord. to the K, ↓ بِتْعٌ, which is a mistake: (TA:) fem. with ة. (L, TA.) b3: And Strong in the joints, applied to a body, (Lth, K,) and to a man; as also ↓ أَبْتَــعُ: (K:) fem. of the former with ة: (TA:) and of ↓ the latter, بَتْعَآءُ: and pl. of the latter, بُتْعٌ. (K.) بُتَعُ pl. of بَتْعَآءُ, fem. of أَبْتَــعُ, q. v.

بِتَعٌ: see بِتْعٌ.

بَتَّاعٌ A vintner, in the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) [See بِتعٌ.]

بَاتِعٌ: Strong. (TA.) أَبْتَــعُ: see بَتِعٌ, in three places.

A2: It is also a word used as a corroborative: you say, جَاؤُوا

أَجْمَعُونَ أَكْتَعُونَ أَبْتَــعُونَ [They came, all of them, or all together]: (S:) and جَآءَ القَوْمُ أَكْتَعُونَ

أَبْتَــعُونَ أَبْصَعُونَ [the people, or company of men, came, all of them, or all together]: (AHeyth:) and جَاؤُوا كُلُّهُمْ أَجْمَعُونَ أَكْتَعُونَ أَبْتَــعُونَ [they came, all of them, all together]: these words which follow اجمعون being imitative sequents to it, not occurring save after it [in the order above]: (O, K:) or one may begin with whichsoever of them he will, after it. (Ibn-Keysán, K.) and [the fem. is بَتْعَآءُ:] you say القَبِيلَةُ كُلُّهَا جَمْعَآءُ كَتْعَآءُ بَصْعَآءُ بَتْعَآءُ [The tribe, all of it, all together: in the CK, erroneously, كُثْعآءُ (with damm and ث) and بُصْعاءُ and بُتْعاءُ]. (K.) And [the pl. of بَتْعَآءُ is ↓ بُتَعُ, originally بَتْعَاوَاتٌ:] you say النِّسَآءُ كُلُّهُنَّ جُمَعُ كُتَعُ بُصَعُ بُتَعُ [The women, all of them, all together: in the CK, erroneously, جُمَعٌ كُتَعٌ بُصَعٌ بُتَعٌ, though it is well known that each of these is determinate, and imperfectly declinable]. (K.) It is only necessary that he who mentions all these words should mention first كُلّ, and follow it with the word formed from ج م ع, then add the rest in whatsoever order he will; but the more approved way is to put the word formed from ك ت ع before the rest. (TA.) Fr mentions the phrases أَعْجَبنِى القَصْرُ أَجْمَعَ [The palace pleased me, all of it, or altogether], and الدَّارُ جَمْعَآءَ [the house, all of it, or altogether], with the accus. case, as denotative of state; but does not allow أَجْمَعُونَ nor جُمَعُ to be used otherwise than as corroboratives: IDrst, however, allows أَجْمَعِينَ to be used as a denotative of state; and this is correct; and accord. to both these ways is related the trad., فَصَلُّوا جُلُوسًا أَجْمَعِينَ and أَجْمَعُونَ [And pray ye sitting, all of you, or all together]; though some make اجمعين [here] to be a corroborative of a pronoun understood in the accus. case, as though the speaker said, أَعْنِيكُمْ

أَجْمَعِينَ [I mean you, all of you, or all together]. (K.) [But see أَجْمعُ.]

بتر

1 بَتَرَ, (T, S, M, &c.,) aor. ـُ (M, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. بَتْرٌ; (T, S, M, &c.;) and ↓ ابتر; (T;) He cut, or cut off, a thing before it was complete: (S, A, L, Msb:) or he cut, or cut off, (M, Mgh, K,) in any manner: (M:) or he cut off (a tail or the like, T) entirely, or utterly. (Aboo-Is-hák, T, M, K.) b2: بَتَرَهُ, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (TA;) or ↓ ابترهُ; (M, L;) He cut off his tail: (K:) or he cut, or amputated, his tail in any place. (M, L.) b3: بَتَرَ رَحِمَهُ, (M,) aor. as above, (M, K,) and so the inf. n., (M,) (assumed tropical:) He cut, or severed, the ties, or bonds, of his relationship; he disunited himself from his relations. (M, K. *) A2: بَتِرَ, aor. ـَ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. بَتَرٌ, (S, Msb,) He (any beast, M) had his tail cut off: (S, Msb, K:) or [had either the whole or a part of his tail cut off;] had his tail cut, or amputated, in any place. (M.) 4 أَبْتَــرَ see 1, in two places. b2: [Hence,] ابترهُ said of God, He made him to be. or become, أَبْتَــر, (S, K,) i. e., without offspring, or progeny. (TA.) 5 تَبَتَّرَ see 7.7 انبتر It (a tail or the like, T) became cut, or cut off, (T, S, M, K, TA,) in any place, (M,) or entirely; (T, M;) and ↓ تبتّر signifies the same. (TA.) بُتَارٌ: see بَاتِرٌ بَتُورٌ: see بَاتِرٌ بُتَيْرَآءُ: see أَبْتَــرُ.

بتّارٌ CCC: see بَاتِرٌ بَاتِرٌ A cutting, or sharp, sword; (T, S, M, K;) as also ↓ بَتَّارٌ (T, M, K) and ↓ بَتُورٌ (M) and ↓ بَتَارٌ. (K.) [But all of these except the first are app. intensive epithets, signifying very sharp.] b2: See also أُبَاتِرٌ.

أَبْتَــرُ A tail cut off entirely. (T, L.) b2: Any beast (M) having the tail cut off: (T, S, A, Msb, K:) or [having either the whole or a part of the tail cut off;] having the tail cut, or amputated, in any place: (M:) fem. بَتْرَآءُ; with which ↓ مَبْتُورَةٌ is syn.: (Mgh, Msb:) pl. بُتْرٌ. (A, Msb.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A certain malignant, or noxious, serpent: (K:) or a short-tailed serpent: (Mgh; and EdDurr en-Netheer, an abridgment of the Nh of IAth, by El-Jelál:) or a certain species of blue serpent, having its tail [as it were] cut off, which none in a state of pregnancy sees without casting her burden: (ISh:) or the kind of serpent called شَيْطَان, having a short tail: no one sees it without fleeing from it, and no one in a state of pregnancy beholds it without casting her young: it is thus called only because of the shortness of its tail, as thought its tail were cut off. (M.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A leathern water-bag, and a bucket, having no loop. (M, K.) b5: (assumed tropical:) Defective, deficient, incomplete, or imperfect. (Mgh.) b6: (assumed tropical:) In want, or poor. (M, K.) b7: (assumed tropical:) Suffering loss; syn. خَاسِرٌ. (M, K.) b8: (assumed tropical:) One from whom all good, or prosperity, is cut off. (M.) b9: (assumed tropical:) Having no offspring, or progeny; (Aboo-Is-hák, T, S, M, IAth, K;) as also ↓ أُبَاتِرٌ (M, K) and ↓ مُنْبَتِرٌ. (IAth.) [The dim., ↓ أُبَيْتِرُ, occurs in a trad., in this sense, or in some other sense implying contempt.] b10: (assumed tropical:) Anything cut off, (K,) or anything of which the effect is cut off, (S,) from good, or prosperity. (S, K.) [See an ex. in a trad. cited voce بَالٌ.] b11: خُطْبَةٌ بَتْرَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A خطبة [q. v.] in which the speaker does not praise God nor bless the Prophet: (S, A, K:) particularly applied to a certain خطبة of Ziyád. (S, A.) b12: رَكْعَةٌ بَتْرَآءُ, (TA,) and [its dim.] ↓ بُتَيْرَآءُ, (S, TA,) (assumed tropical:) A single ركعة [q. v.] performed instead of the complete performance of the prayer called الوِتْر: or a ركعة cut short, or cut off, after the completion of one ركعة, when both were to have been performed. (TA.) b13: الــأَبْتَــرَانِ (assumed tropical:) The ass (العَيْرُ) and the slave: (ISK, S, A, K:) so called because of the little good that is in them: (ISk, S:) each is called الــأَبْتَــرُ. (K.) أُبَاتِرٌ (assumed tropical:) Short; (M, K;) as though cut off from completion. (M.) b2: See also أَبْتَــرُ. b3: Also (assumed tropical:) A man who cuts, or severs, the ties, or bonds, of his relationship; who disunites himself from his relations; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ بَاتِرٌ; (A:) or quick to cut, or sever, the ties, or bonds, between him and his friend. (IAar.) أُبَيْتِرُ: see أَبْتَــرُ.

مَبْتُورَةٌ: see أَبْتَــرُ.

مُنْبَتِرٌ: see أَبْتَــرُ.

ابو

1 أَبَوْتُ, [third Pers\. أَبَا,] (T, S, M, K,) and أَبَيْتُ, [third Pers\. أَبَى,] (T, M, K,) the latter accord. to Yz, (T,) aor. ـو (TK,) inf. n. أُبُوَّةٌ, (Yz, T, S, Msb,) or this is a simple subst., (M,) I became a father. (T, * S, * M, K.) b2: أَبَوْتُهُ, (ISk, T, M, K,) aor. ـو (IAar, ISk, T,) inf. n. إِبَاوَةٌ, (M, K,) I was, (IAar, ISk, T,) or became, (M, K,) a father to him. (IAar, ISk, T, M, K.) b3: [Hence, I fed him, or nourished him; and reared him, or brought him up.] You say, فُلَانٌ يَأْبُو هٰذَا اليَتِيمَ, inf. n. إِبَاوَةٌ, Such a one feeds, or nourishes, this orphan, like as the father does his children. (Lth, T.) And مَالَهُ أَبٌ يَأْبُوهُ (ISk, T, S) He has not a father to feed him, or nourish him, and to rear him, or bring him up. (S.) 2 أَبَّيْتُهُ, inf. n. تَأْبِيَةٌ, I said to him بِأَبِى [meaning فُدِيَتِ بِأَبِى Mayest thou be ransomed with my father! or the like: see أَبٌ, below]. (K, TA. [In the CK, erroneously, يا اَبِى.]) 5 تأبّاهُ He adopted him as a father; (M, K, TA;) as also ↓ استأباهُ; (M in art. اب;) and so تأبّاهُ أَبًا, accord. to A'Obeyd: (TA:) [or,] accord. to A'Obeyd, you say, تَأَبَّيْتُ أَبًا I adopted a father: (T:) and you say also, اِسْتَأَبَّ أَبًا and اِسْتَأْبَبَ أَبًا he adopted a father. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَاْبَوَ see 5.

أَبٌ is originally أَبَوٌ, (S, Msb, K,) as is shown by the first of its dual forms and of its pl. forms mentioned below; (S, Msb;) and signifies A father [in the ordinary sense: and also as meaning (assumed tropical:) an ancestor]: (M:) as also ↓ أَبًا, a dial. var., (M, K,) the same in the nom. and accus. and gen. cases, like قَفًا: (M:) and أَبٌّ is a dial. var. of the same, [the second letter being doubled to compensate for the و suppressed, as is the case in أَخٌّ, (TA voce أَخٌ)] but is rare. (Msb.) Accord. to the dial. commonly obtaining, when you use it as a prefixed noun, you decline it with the letters و and ا and ى, saying, هٰذَاأَبُوهُ [This is his father], (Msb,) and أَبُوكَ [thy father]; (M;) and رَأَيْتُ أَبَاهُ [I saw his father]; and مَرَرْتُ بِأَبِيهِ [I passed by his father]: (Msb:) but accord. to one dial., you say, هٰذَا أَبَاهُ, (Msb:) and أَبَاكَ; (M;) and رَأَيْتُ أَبَاهُ; and مَرَرْتُ بِأَبَاهُ: (Msb:) and accord. to one dial., which is the rarest of all, it is defective in every case, like يَدٌ and دَمٌ; (Msb;) and [thus] you say, هٰذَا أَبُوكَ [&c.]. (M.) The dual is أَبَوَانِ, (S, M, Msb,) meaning [two fathers, and] father and mother; and some say أَبَانِ: (S, M:) you say, هُمَاأَبَوَاهُ, meaning They two are his father and mother; and in poetry you may say, هُمَا أَبَاهُ; and in like manner, رَأَيْتُ أَبَيْهِ [I saw his father and mother], (T,) and أَبَيْكَ [thy father and mother]; (S;) but the usual, or chaste, form is رَأَيْتُ أَبَوَيْهِ. (T.) The pl. is آبَآءٌ, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) the best form, (T,) and أَبُونَ, (T, S, M, K,) and أُبُوٌّ (M, K, [in the CK الاَبْوٌ is erroneously put for الأُبُوٌّ,]) and أُبُوَّةٌ, (Lh, T, S, M, K, *) like عُمُومَةٌ and خُؤُولَةٌ: (T, S:) you say, هٰؤُلَآءِ أَبُوكُمْ, meaning آبَاؤُكُمْ [These are your fathers]; (T;) and hence, in the Kur [ii. 127], accord. to one reading, وَإِلٰهَ أَبِيكَ إِبرٰهِيمَ وَإِسْمٰعِيلَ وَإِسْحٰقَ [and the God of thy fathers, Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac], meaning the pl. of أبٌ, i. e. أَبِينَكَ, of which the ن is suppressed because the noun is prefixed [to the pronoun]; (S;) and some of the Arabs say, أَبُوَّتُنَا أَكْرَمُ الآبَآءِ [Our fathers are the most generous of fathers]. (T.) The dim. is ↓ أُبَّىٌّ; originally أُبَيْوٌ, with the final radical letter restored. (Msb.) b2: مَا يَدْرِى لَهُ مِنْ أَبٍ, and مَا أَبٌ, mean-ing He knows not who is his father, and what is his father, are sayings mentioned by Lh on the authority of Ks. (M.) b3: لَا أَبَا لِكَ, (T, S, M, K, &c.,) [accord. to the dial. of him who says أَبًا instead of أَبٌ,] as also لَا أَبَ لَكَ, and لَا أَبَاكَ, (S, K,) [the last, accord. to J, because the ل (meaning the ل in لك in the preceding phrases) is as though it were redundant, but he seems not to have known the dial. var. أَبًا, and I rather think that لَا أَبَاكَ, is for لَا أَبْقَى اللّٰهُ أَبَاكَ, or the like,] and لَا أَبَكَ, (Mbr, Sgh, K,) and لَابَ لَكَ, (K,) which is for لَا أَبَ لَكَ, (M,) means Thou art, in my estimation, one deserving of its being said to him, Mayest thou have no father! it is used in the manner of a proverb, is of frequent occurrence in poetry, (M,) is said to him who has a father and to him who has not a father, and is an imprecation as to the meaning, of necessity, though enunciative as to the letter; (M, K;) and hence the saying of Jereer, يَا تَيْمُ تَيْمَ عَدِىٍّ لَا أَبَا لَكُمْ [O Teym, Teym of 'Ades, may ye have no father!]; which is the strongest evidence of its being a proverb, and not having a literal meaning; for all of [the tribe of] Teym could not have one father, but all of them were fit objects of imprecation and rough speech: (M:) it is an expression of praise: (S:) [i. e.] it is an imprecation against him to whom it is addressed, not, however, said with the desire of its having effect, but on an occasion of intense love, like لَا أُمَّ لَكَ, &c.: (Har p. 165:) and sometimes in dispraise, like لَا أُمَّ لَكَ: and in wonder, like لِلّهِ دَرُّكَ: (TA:) or, as A Heyth says, on the authority of Aboo-Sa'eed Ed-Dareer, it expresses the utmost degree of reviling; [meaning Thou hast no known father;] and لَا أُمَّ لَكَ expresses reviling also, but means Thou hast no free, or ingenuous, mother: (Meyd in Har p. 165: [see أُمَّ:]) sometimes it means Strive, or exert thyself, in thine affair; for he who has a father relies upon him in some circumstances of his case: (TA:) accord. to Kh, it means Thou hast none to stand thee in stead of thyself: (ISh, TA:) Fr says that it is a phrase used by the Arabs [parenthetically, i.e.,] to divide their speech: (TA:) [thus, for instance,] Zufar Ibn-El-Hárith says, أَرِينِى سِلَاحِى لَا أَبَا لَكَ إِنَّنِى أَرَى الحَرْبَ لَا تَزْدَادُ إِلَّا تَمَادِيَا [Show thou me my weapons: (mayest thou have no father! or thou hast no father: &c.:) verily I see the war, or battle, increases not save in perseverance]. (TA.) [Aboo-'Alee, as cited in the M, observes that the ا (meaning the final ا) in أَبَا, in the phrase لَا أَبَا لَكَ, indicates that it is a prefixed noun, and determinate; whereas the ل in لك together with the government exercised upon the noun by لا indicates that it is, on the contrary, indeterminate, and separate from what follows it: but it seems that he was unacquainted with the dial. var. أَبَّا; for لَا أَبَا لَكَ in the dial. of him who uses the form أَبَّا instead of أَبٌ is the same grammatically as لَا أَبَ لَكَ in the dial. of him who uses the form أَبٌ.] Suleymán Ibn-'Abd-El-Melik heard an Arab of the desert, in a year of drought, say, أَنْزِلْ عَلَيْنَا الغَيْثَ لَا أَبَا لَكَ, and Suleymán put the best construction upon it, [as though it meant, Send down upon us rain: Thou hast no father], and said, I testify that He hath no father nor female companion nor offspring. (TA.) They say also, in paying honour [to a person], لَا أَبَ لِشَانِئِكَ, and لَا أَبَ لِشَانِئِكَ, (TA,) i. e. May thy hater have no father! or, accord. to ISk, each is a metonymical expression for لَا أَبَا لَكَ. (S in art. شنأ, q. v.) b4: One also says, on the occasion of an occurrence that is approved and commended, by way of expressing wonder and praise, لَلِّهِ أَبُوكَ, meaning To God, purely, is attributable [the excellence of] thy father, seeing that he begat thee a generous son, and produced the like of thee! (TA;) [or to God be attributed (the excellence of) thy father!] it means that to God [alone] belongs the power to create the like of this man [to whom it relates], from whom has proceeded this wonderful action. (Har p. 44.) b5: and هِىَ بِنْتُ أَبِيهَا, meaning She resembles her father in strength of mind, or spirit, and sharpness of disposition, and in hastening, or striving to be first, to do things: said of Hafsah, by 'Áïsheh. (TA.) b6: بِأَبِى, (TA,) or بِأَبِى أَنْتَ, (T in art. بأ,) [said to a person,] means [فُدِيتَ بِأَبِى Mayest thou be ransomed with my father! (see the next sentence but one;) or] أَفْدِيكَ بِأَبِى [I will ransom thee with my father]; (T ubi suprà;) or أَنْتَ مَفْدِىٌّ بِأَبِى Thou art, or shalt be, ransomed with my father]; or فَدَيُتُكَ بِأَبِى [I have in my heart ransomed thee, or I would ransom thee, with my father]; the ب being dependent upon a word suppressed, which, accord. to some, is a [pass. participial] noun, and accord. to others, a verb; and this word is suppressed because of the frequent usage of the phrase. (TA.) You say also, بِأَبِى أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّى [With my father mayest thou be ransomed, and with my mother!]. (TA.) and بِأَبِى مَنْ وَدَدتُّهُ, i. e. فُدِىَ بِأَبِى مَنْ وَدَدتُّهُ [May he whom I love be ransomed with my father!], meaning may he [my father] be made a ransom for him [whom I love]! (El-Wáhidee on the Deewán of El-Mutanebbee, in De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed. vol. iii. p. 35 of the Arabic text.) Sometimes they change the ى into ا: a poet says, وَقَدْ زَعَمُوا أَنِّى جَزِعْتُ عَلَيْهِمَا وَهَلْ جَزَعٌ أَنْ قُلْتُ وَا بِأَبَا هُمَا [And they have asserted that I have become impatient on account of them two: but is it an evidence of impatience that I said, Alas, with my father may they two be ransomed?]; meaning وَا بِأَبِى هُمَا. (S.) And some of the Arabs used to say, وَا بِأَبَا أَنْتَ [Alas, with my father mayest thou be ransomed!]: this, says AM, being like يَا وَيْلَتَا for يَا وَيْلَتِى; as also يَا بَيْبَا, with the hemzeh changed into ى, originally يَا بِأَبَا, meaning يَابِأَبِى: and hence what is related, in a trad., of Umm-'Ateeyeh; that she used not to mention the Prophet without saying, بِيَبَا [for بِأَبِ هُوَ]. (TA in art. بأ.) A woman said, يَا بِأَبِى أَنْتَ وَ يَا فَوْقَ البِيَبْ [O thou to whom I would say, With my father mayest thou be ransomed! and O thou who art above him to whom I would address the saying, With my father mayest thou be ransomed!]; respecting which Fr observes that the two words [بِ and أَب] are made as one [by prefixing the article] because of their frequent occurrence; (S;) and Aboo-'Alee says that the ى in بِيَب is substituted for ء, not necessarily; but ISk quotes the words as commencing with يَا بِيَبَا, which is the right reading, in order that this expression may agree with البِئَبْ, which is derived from it: EtTebreezee, however, relates Abu-l-'Alà's reciting the words as ending with البِئَبْ; saying that this is compounded from the phrase بِأَبِي, and that therefore the ء is preserved. (TA.) [See also the first paragraph in art. بأ.] b7: You say also, يَا أَبَتِ [meaning O my father], (S, M, K,) as in يَا أَبَتِ افْعَلْ [O my father, do thou such a thing]; (S;) and يَا أَبَتَ; (S, M, K;) and يَاأَبَتُ; (Z in the Ksh xii. 4;) and يَا أَبَهْ (S, M, K) when you pause after it. (S, M.) The ة, [here written ت,] (Kh, M,) the sign of the fem. gender, (S, Z,) is substituted for the [pronominal] affix ى, (Kh, S, M, Z,) as in يَاأُمَّتِ; (S;) and is like the ة in عَمَةٌ and خَالَةٌ, as is shown by your saying, in pausing, يَا أَبَهٌ, like as you say, يَا خَالَةٌ: (Kh, M:) the annexing of the fem. ت to a masc. noun in this case is allowable, like as it is in حَمَامَةٌ ذَكَرٌ and شَاةٌ ذَكَرٌ and رَجُلٌ رَبْعَةٌ and غَلَامٌ يَفَعَةٌ: its being made a substitute for the affix ى is allowable because each of these is an augmentative added at the end of a noun: and the kesreh is the same that is in the phrase يَا أَبِى: (Z ubi suprà:) the ت does not fall from اب in the phrase يَا أَبَتِ when there is no pause after it, though it [sometimes] does from أُمّ in the like phrase in that case, because the former word, being of [only] two letters, is as though it were defective. (S.) يَا أَبَتَ is for يَا أَبَتَــا, (Aboo-'Othmán El-Mázinee, S, * M, [the latter expression mentioned also in the K, but not as being the original of the former,]) the ا [and ه] being suppressed; (the same Aboo-'Othmán and M;) or for يَا أَبَتَــا, the ا being suppressed, like as the ى is in يَا غُلَامِ; or it may be after the manner of يَاأَبِىَ. (Z ubi suprà.) يَا أَبَتُ is thus pronounced after the usual manner of a noun ending with the fem. ة, without regard to the fact that the ت is in the former a substitute for the suffix ى. (Z ubi suprà.) يَا أَبَهْ is said in a case of pause, except in the Kur-án, in which, in this case, you say, يَا أَبَهْ, following the written text; and some of the Arabs pronounce the fem. ة, in a case of pause, ت [in other instances], thus saying, يَا طَلْحَتُ. (S.) يَا أَبَاهُ is also said; (M, K;) though scarcely ever. (M.) A poet uses the expression يَا أَبَاتَ, for يَا أَبَتَــاهْ: (S, M:) IB says that this is used only by poetic license, in a case of necessity in verse. (TA.) b8: أَبٌ is tropically applied to signify (tropical:) A grandfather, or any ancestor. (Msb.) b9: It is also applied to signify (assumed tropical:) A paternal uncle; as in the Kur ii. 127, quoted before. (M.) b10: [It is also (like أُمّ and اِبْن and بِنْت) prefixed to nouns of various significations. Most of the compounds thus formed will be found explained in the arts. to which belong the nouns that occupy the second place. The following are among the more common, and are therefore here mentioned, as exs. of different kinds.] b11: أَبُو المَرْأَةِ (assumed tropical:) The woman's husband: (Ibn-Habeeb, M:) it is said in the TS that الأَبُ, in certain of the dials., signifies the husband: MF deems this meaning strange. (TA.) أَبُو المَثْوَى (assumed tropical:) The master of the dwelling, or of the place of abode: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) the guest. (K in art. ثوى.) أَبُو الأَضْيَافِ (assumed tropical:) The very hospitable man. (TA.) b12: أَبُو الحَارِثِ (assumed tropical:) The lion. (TA.) أَبُو جَعْدَةَ (assumed tropical:) The wolf. (TA.) أَبُو الحُصَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) The fox. (TA.) b13: أَبُو جَابِر (assumed tropical:) Bread. (S and K in art. جبر.) b14: أَبُو مَالِكٍ (assumed tropical:) Extreme old age: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) hunger. (MF in art. جبر.) أَبَّا: seeأَبٌ.

إِبْوَآءٌ or أَبْوَآءٌ: see أُبُوَةٌ.

أَبَوِىٌّ Of, or relating or belonging to, a father; paternal. (S, TA.) أَبَىٌّ dim, of أَبٌ, q. v. (Msb.) أُبُوَةٌ [in copies of the K ↓ إِبْوَآء, and in the CK ↓ اَبْواء, both app. mistranscriptions for أُبُوَّة, which is well known,] Fathership; paternity; the relation of a father. [S, * M.) You say, بَيْنِي و بَيْنَ فَلَانٍ أُبُوَةٌ [Between me and such a one is a tie of fathership]. (S.)

ذ

أب1 ذُئِبَ He (a man, M) was frightened by the wolf; (M, K;) as also ذَئِبَ, aor. ـَ and ذَؤُبَ, aor. ـُ (K:) or he (a man) was assailed, fallen upon, come upon, or overtaken, by the wolf. (Ibn-Buzurj, T.) And [hence, in the opinion of ISd, as he says in the M,] (tropical:) He was frightened by anything; (M, K;) and so ↓ اذأب, (AA, T, S, M, K,) inf. n. إِذْآبٌ; (TA;) said of a man. (S.) [Hence also,] ذَأَبَهُ, (M, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) [inf. n. ذَأْبٌ,] (tropical:) He frightened him [like as does a wolf]: (M, A, K, TA:) and ذَــأَبَتْــهُ الجِنُّ (A, TA) and ↓ تذأّبتــهُ, as also تذعّبتهُ, (T, TA,) (tropical:) The jinn, or genii, frightened him. (T, A, TA.) [and hence, app.,] ذَــأَبْتُــهُ الرِّيحُ (tropical:) The wind came to him from every side, like the wolf; when guarded against from one direction, coming from another direction: (A:) and اِلرِّيحُ ↓ تذآءبتِ, (T, S, M, K,) and ↓ تذأّبت, (S, M, K,) (tropical:) The wind varied, (T, S, M,) or came now from one direction and now from another direction, (S, M, K,) so says As, (S,) feebly: (M, K:) accord. to As, from الذِّئْبُ, (S,) [i. e.] it is likened to the wolf, (M,) because his motions are of the like description: (S:) or, accord. to some, الذِّئْبُ is derived from ↓ تذآءبت الريح meaning the wind blew from every direction; because the wolf comes from every direction. (MF, TA.) b2: Also, (i. e. ذُئِبَ) He (a man) had his sheep, or goats, fallen upon by the wolf. (S, K.) b3: And ذَؤُبَ, (T, S, M, A, K,) aor. ـُ (T, S, K,) inf. n. ذَآبَةٌ; (S, M, K;) and ذَئِبَ; (M, A, K;) and ↓ تذأّب; (M, K;) (tropical:) He (a man, T, S, M) was, or became, bad, wicked, deceitful, or crafty, (T, S, M, A, K,) like the wolf, (S, M, A, K,) or as though he became a wolf. (T.) b4: And ذَأَبَ, aor. ـَ (tropical:) He acted like the wolf; when guarded against from one direction, coming from another direction. (TA.) [And probably (assumed tropical:) He howled like the wolf; for,] accord. to Kr, (M,) ذَأْبٌ signifies the uttering a loud, or vehement, cry or sound. (M, K.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) He hastened, or was quick, in pace, or journeying; (K;) as also ↓ اذأب. (TA.) A2: ذَأَبَهُ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. ذَأْبٌ, also signifies He despised him; and so ذَأَمَهُ: (T:) or he drove him away, and despised him: (ISk, T, S, M, K:) or he drove him away, (Lh, M, TA,) and beat him; (Lh, TA;) and so ذَأَمَهُ: (M, TA:) [or he blamed, or dispraised, him; like ذَأَمَهُ; for,] accord. to Kr, (M,) ذَأْبٌ signifies the act of blaming, or dispraising. (M, K.) b2: And He drove him, or urged him on: (K:) or ذَأَبَ الإِبِلَ, inf. n. ذَأْبٌ, he drove, or urged on, the camels. (S, M.) A3: He collected it; (T, K;) namely, a thing. (T.) b2: He made it even; syn. سَوَّاهُ. (CK: omitted in other copies of the K and in the TA.) One says of the woman who makes even (تُسَوِّى) her vehicle, [meaning the part of her camel-vehicle upon which she sits,] مَا أَحْسَنَ مَا ذَــأَبَتْــهُ [How well has she made it even!] (T.) b3: He made it; namely, a [camel's saddle such as is called] قَتَب (K) and [such as is called] a رَحْل (TA.) A4: He made, [or disposed,] for him, (namely, a boy,) a ذُؤَابَة [q. v.]; as also ↓ اذأبهُ and ↓ ذأّبهُ. (K.) A5: ذُئِبَ said of a horse, He was, or became, affected with the disease termed ذِئْبَة. (T, Mgh.) 2 ذَاَّ^َ see 1, last sentence but one.

A2: ذأّب الرَّحْلَ, (inf. n. تَذْئِيبٌ, K,) He made, to the رحل [or camel's saddle], what is termed a ذِئْبَة, (M, K,) or ذِئْب. (TA.) [See also مُذَأَّبٌ.]4 أَذْــأَبَتِ الأَرْضُ (A, TA) The land abounded with wolves. (TA.) b2: See also 1, in three places.5 تَذَاَّ^َ see 6, in two places: b2: and see also 1, in three places.6 تذآءب لِلنّاقَةِ (S, M, K) and لَهَا ↓ تذأّب (M, K) (assumed tropical:) He disguised himself like a wolf to the she-camel, and, by so frightening her, made her to incline to, or affect, her young one: (S:) or he cloaked, or disguised, himself to the she-camel, making himself to seem like a wolf, in order to cause her to affect a young one that was not her own [by moving her with pity by the supposed danger of the latter]. (M, K) b2: See also 1, in two places.

A2: تذآءب شَيْئًا and ↓ تذأّبهُ (assumed tropical:) He did a thing by turns; syn. تَدَاوَلَهُ: (M, K, TA: [in the CK, erroneously, تَناوَلَهُ:]) from الذِّئْبُ [the wolf], which, when guarded against from one direction, comes from another direction. (M, TA.) 10 استذأب النَّقَدُ The نقد [or ugly sheep] became like wolves: a prov., applied to low, mean, or ignominious, persons, when they obtain ascendancy. (T, K.) غَرْبٌ ذَأْبٌ (assumed tropical:) A large bucket with which one goes to and fro; thought by As to be from تَذَاؤُبُ الرِّيحِ: (M:) or in much [or quick] motion, ascending and descending. (M, K.) ذِئْبٌ, also pronounced ذِيبٌ, without ء, (S, Msb, K,) originally with ء, (T, S,) The wolf, wild dog, or dog of the desert; كَلْبُ البَرِّ: (M, A, K:) applied to the male and the female; (Msb;) and sometimes, also, (Msb,) the female is called ذِئْبَةٌ: (S, M, Msb, K:) pl. (of pauc., S, Msb) أَذْؤُبٌ, and (of mult., S, Msb) ذِئَابٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) which may also be pronounced ذِيَابٌ, with ى, because of the kesreh, (Msb,) and ذُؤبَانٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and ذِئْبَانٌ. (TA.) b2: You say, الذِّئْبُ يُكَنَّى أَبَا جَعْدَةَ [The wolf is surnamed Aboo-Jaadeh]: i. e. its surname is good, but its actions are foul. (TA. [See art. جعد; and see also Freytag's Arab. Prov., i. 449.]) b3: And الذِّئْبُ يَأْذُو الغَزَالَ [The wolf lies in wait for the young gazelle]: a prov. alluding to perfidy. (TA.) b4: And هُوَ ذِئْبٌ فِى ثَلَّةٍ (tropical:) [He is a wolf among a flock of sheep]. (A.) b5: And ذِئْبَةُ مِعْزًى وَظَلِيمٌ فِى

الخُبْرِ [A she-wolf among the goats, and a heostrich when tried]: i. e., in his evil nature he is like a [she-] wolf that attacks a herd of goats; and when tried, like a he-ostrich, which, if one say to it “ Fly,” says “ I am a camel,” and when one says to it “ Carry a burden,” says “ I am a bird: ” a prov. applied to a crafty and deceitful person. (TA.) b6: And أَكَلَهُمْ الضَّبُعُ وَ الذِّئْبُ [The hyena and the wolf devoured them]; meaning (tropical:) dearth, or drought: and أَصَابَتْهُمْ سَنَةٌ ضَبُعٌ وَذِئْبٌ, meaning (tropical:) A year that was one of dearth, or drought, befell them. (A.) b7: ذِئْبُهُ لَا يَشْبَعُ [His wolf will not be satiated], a phrase used by a poet, means (assumed tropical:) his tongue [will not be satisfied]; i. e. he devours the reputation of another like as the wolf devours flesh. (M.) b8: ذِئْبُ يُوسُفَ [The wolf of Joseph] is a prov. applied to him who is charged with the crime of another. (TA.) b9: ذُؤْبَانُ العَرَبِ, (S, M, A, K,) also pronounced ذُوبَان, without ء, (TA,) [The wolves of the Arabs,] means (tropical:) the thieves, (M, K,) or sharpers, (A,) and paupers, (A, K,) of the Arabs; (M, A, K;) or the paupers of the Arabs, who practise thieving: (T, S:) because they act like wolves. (TA.) b10: ذِئَابُ الغَضَا The wolves of the ghadà, that frequent the trees so called, (TA,) is an appellation of the sons of Kaab Ibn-Málik Ibn-Handhalah; (M, K;) because of their bad character; (M;) for the wolf that frequents those trees is the worst of wolves. (TA.) b11: دَآءُ الذِّئْبِ [The wolf's disease] means (assumed tropical:) hunger; for they assert that the wolf has no other disease than hunger; (K, TA;) and they say أَجْوَعُ مِنْ ذِئْبٍ [More hungry than a wolf]; because he is always hungry: or (assumed tropical:) death; because [it is said that] the wolf has no other sickness than that of death; and hence they say أَصَحُّ مِنَ الذِّئْبِ [More sound than the wolf]. (TA.) [Hence the prov., رَمَاهُ اللّٰهُ بِدَآءِ الذِّئْبِ: see 1 in art. رمى.] b12: الذِّئْبَانِ, in the dual form, [The two wolves,] is the name of (assumed tropical:) two white stars [app. ζ and η of Draco] between those called العَوَائِذُ and those called الفَرْقَدَانِ: and أَظْفَارُ الذِّئْبِ [The claws of the wolf] is the name of (assumed tropical:) certain small stars before those called الذِّئْبَانِ. (K.) b13: عِنَبُ الذِّئْبِ: see ثَعْلَبٌ. b14: See also the next paragraph.

ذِئْبَةٌ fem. of ذِئْبٌ. (S, M, Msb, K.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) The [angular] intervening space between the دَفَّتَانِ [or two boards] of the [kinds of saddle called] سَرْج and رَحْل (S, K, TA) and غَبِيط, (TA,) beneath the place of juncture of the two curved pieces of wood; (S;) [or] what is beneath the fore part of the place of juncture of the two curved pieces of wood (M, K) of the [kinds of saddle called] رَحْل and قَتَب and إِكَاف and the like; (M;) which falls, or lies, upon, (S,) or bites, or compresses, (M, K,) the part called the مَنْسِج (S, M, K) of the beast. (M, K.) A poet says, وَقَتَبٌ ذِئْبَتُهُ كَالْمِنْجَلِ [And a قتب of which the ذئبة is like the reapinghook]. (M.) [See قَرَبُوسٌ.] Accord. to IAar, the ↓ ذِئْب [a coll. gen. n. of which ذِئْبَةٌ is the n. un.] of the [saddle called] رَحْل are The curved pieces of wood in the fore part thereof. (TA.) A2: Also (assumed tropical:) A certain disease of horses (T, M, Mgh, K) or similar beasts, that attacks them in their fauces; (M, K;) for which the root of the beast's ear is perforated with an iron instrument, and there are extracted from it small, white, hard nodous substances, (T, Mgh, K, *) like the grains of the [species of millet called] جَاوَرْس, (K,) or smaller than those grains. (T, Mgh.) ذِئْبَانٌ a pl. of ذِئبٌ. (TA.) A2: Also, accord. to AA, (S,) The hair upon the neck and lip of the camel: (S, K;) and accord. to Fr, who says that it is a sing. [in this sense], (S,) the remains of the [fur, or soft hair, called] وَبَر [after the greater part has fallen off or been shorn]. (S, K. [See also ذُوبَانٌ in art. ذوبْ, and ذِيبَانٌ in art. ذيب.]) ذُؤَابٌ: see the next paragraph.

ذُؤَابَةٌ (also pronounced ذُوَابَةٌ, T and K in art. ذوب,) A portion [or lock] of hair, (S, A,) hanging down loosely from the middle of the head to the back: (A:) or the hair of the fore part of the head; the hair over the forehead; syn. نَاصِيَةٌ; (M, K;) so called because, hanging down, it moves to and fro, or from side to side: (M:) or the place whence that hair grows: (M, K:) or the hair that surrounds the دُوَّارَة [or round part] of the head: (Az, T:) or plaited hair of the head: and the part of the head which is the place thereof: (Lth, T:) or a plait of hair hanging down: if twisted, it is called عَقِيصَةٌ: (Msb:) and [a horse's forelock; or] hair (M, K) of the head, (M,) in the upper part of the نَاصِيَة, of the horse: (M, K:) pl. (in all its senses, M, TA) ذَوَائِبُ, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) originally, (S, K,) or regularly, (T,) ذَآئِبُ, changed to render it more easy of pronunciation, (T, S, K,) and ذُؤَابَاتٌ also. (Msb.) Hence, فُتِلَ ذَوَائِبُهُ [His pendent locks of hair were twisted;] meaning (tropical:) he was made to abandon, or relinquish, his opinion or idea or judgment. (A.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Anything that hangs down loosely. (TA.) (tropical:) The end of a turban, (A, Msb,) that hangs down between the shoulders. (A.) (assumed tropical:) The end of a whip. (Msb.) (tropical:) Of a sandal. The thing, or portion, that hangs down from, or of, [the upper part of] the قِبَال [or thong that passes, from the sole, between two of the toes; it is generally a prolongation of the قِبَال]: (T:) or the part that touches the ground, of the thing that is made to fall down upon the foot, (M, A, K,) attached to the شِرَاك [or thong extending from the قِبَال above mentioned towards the ankle]; (A;) so called because of its waggling. (M.) (tropical:) Of a sword, The thong [or cord] which is attached to the hilt, (T, A,) and which [is sometimes also made fast to the guard, and at other times] hangs loose and dangles. (A.) (assumed tropical:) A skin, or piece of skin, that is hung upon the آخِرَة [or hinder part] of the [camel's saddle called] رَحْل; (S, M, K;) also termed عَذَبَةٌ. (TA.) A poet speaks, metaphorically, of the ذَوَائِب of palmtrees [app. meaning (tropical:) Hanging clusters of dates]. (M.) And one says نَارٌ سَاطِعَةٌ الذَّوَائِبِ (tropical:) [A fire of which the flames rise and spread]. (A.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) The higher, or highest, part of anything: (M, K:) and ↓ ذُؤَابٌ is used as its pl., or [as a coll. gen. n., i. e.] as bearing the same relation to ذُؤَابَةٌ that سَلٌّ does to سَلَّةٌ. (M.) You say, عَلَوْتٌ ذُؤَابَةَ الجَبَلِ (tropical:) [I ascended upon the summit of the mountain]. (A.) And ذُؤَابَةُ العِزِّ وَ الشَّرَفِ (tropical:) The highest degree of might and of nobility. (T, * M.) And هُوَ فِى ذُؤَابَةِ قَوْمِهِ (assumed tropical:) He is among the highest of his people; taken from the ذؤابة of the head. (M.) And هُمْ ذُؤَابَةُ قَوْمِهِمْ (T, A) and ذَوَائِبُهُمْ (A) (tropical:) They are the nobles of their people: (A, T:) and مِنْ ذَوَائِبِ قُرَيْشٍ (tropical:) of the nobles of Kureysh. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ مِنَ الذَّنَائِبِ لَا مِنَ الذَّوَائِبِ (tropical:) [Such a one is of the lowest of the people, not of the highest]. (A.) b4: ذَوَائِبُ الجَوْزَآءُ is a name of (assumed tropical:) Nine stars disposed in a bowed, or curved, form, in the sleeve of Orion; also called تَاجُ الجَوْزَآءِ. (Kzw in his description of Orion.) b5: ذَوائِبُ لَيْلَةٍ (assumed tropical:) The last, or latter, parts, or portions, of a night. (Har p. 58.) أَرْضٌ مَذْأَبَةٌ A land containing, (S,) or abounding with, (M, K,) wolves: (S, M, K:) in the dial. of some of the tribe of Keys, مَذَيْبَةٌ, agreeing with ذِيبٌ. (M.) مُذَأَّبٌ A boy having a ذُؤَابَة. (T, S, A, K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) A [camel's saddle such as is called] غَبِيط [&c.] having [a ذُؤَابَة, i. e.] a skin, or piece of skin, hung upon its آخِرَة [or hinder part]: (S:) or having a ذِئْبَة [q. v.]. (TA.) مَذْؤُوبٌ A man frightened by wolves: (A, TA:) or whose sheep, or goats, have been fallen upon by the wolf. (S, M, A, K.) b2: [And hence,] (tropical:) Frightened [as though by a wolf]. (T, TA.) A2: Also A horse, (Mgh,) or such as is called بِرْذَوْنٌ, (Lth, T, M, K,) and, accord. to the Tekmileh, an ass, and so مَذْبُوبٌ, as though from ذِيبَةٌ for ذِئْبَةٌ, (Mgh,) Affected with the disease termed ذِئْبَةٌ. (Lth, T, M, Mgh, K.) مُتَذَائِبٌ (assumed tropical:) A man in a state of commotion, or fluctuation; from تَذَآءَبَتِ الرِّيحُ. (TA from a trad.)

أَبى
: (ى {أَبَى الشَّيْءَ} يَأْبَاهُ) بِالْفَتْح فيهمَا مَعَ خُلُوِّهِ من حُرُوف الحَلْقِ وَهُوَ شاذٌّ، وَقَالَ يَعْقُوب: أَبَى! يأْبَى نادرٌ. وَقَالَ سِيبَوَيْهٍ: شبهوا الألفَ بِالْهَمْزَةِ فِي قَرَأَ يقْرَأ، وَقَالَ مرّة أَبى يَأْبَى ضارَعُوا بِهِ حَسَبَ يَحْسِبُ فَتَحُوا كَمَا كسروا، وَقَالَ الْفراء: لم يجىء عَن الْعَرَب حَرْفٌ على فَعَلَ يَفْعَلُ مَفْتُوح الْعين فِي الْمَاضِي والغابر إلاّ وثانيه أَو ثالثُهُ أحد حُرُوف الْحلق غير أَبَى يأبَى، وَزَاد أَبُو عَمْرو رَكَنَ يَرْكَنُ، وَخَالفهُ الفرَّاء فَقَالَ: إِنَّمَا يُقَال رَكَنَ يَرْكُنُ ورَكِنَ يَرْكَنُ.
قلت وَهُوَ من تَدَاخُلِ اللغتين، وزادَ ثعلبٌ: قَلاَه يقلاه وغَشَى يَغْشَى وشجا يَشْجَى، وزادَ المبرّد جَبَا يَجْبَى.
قلت: وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَر اللَّبليّ فِي بغية الآمال سَبْعَ عشرَة كلمة شذَّتْ سِتَّة عُدَّتْ فِي الصَّحِيح وَاثْنَتَانِ فِي المضاعَفِ وَتِسْعَة فِي المعتلِّ فعدَّ مِنْهَا ركن يركن وَهلك يهْلك وَقَنطَ يقنط.
قلت: وَهَذِه حَكَاهَا الجوهريّ عَن الْأَخْفَش، وَحضر يحضر ونضر ينضر وَفضل يفضل هَذِه الثَّلَاثَة ذكرهن أَبُو بكر بن طَلْحَة الإشبيلي، وعضضتُ تعض حَكَاهَا ابْن القطاع، وبضَّتِ الْمَرْأَة تَبَضُّ عَن يَعْقُوب، وَفِي المعتل أبَى يأبَى، وَجَبا المَاء فِي الْحَوْض يَجْبَى، وقَلَى يَقْلَى، وَخَظَى يَخْظَى إِذا سمن، وغَسَى الليلُ يَغْسَى إِذا أظلم، وَسَلَى يَسْلَى وَشَجَى يَشْجَى، وَعَثَى يَعْثَى إِذا أفسد، وَعَلَى يَعْلَى، وَقد سمع فِي مِثَال المضاعف وَمَا بَعْدَه مجيئهما على الْقيَاس مَا عدا أَبى يَأْبَى فَإِنَّهُ مَفْتُوح فيهمَا متفِقٌ عَلَيْهِ من بَينهَا من غير اختلافِ، وَقد بيّنت ذَلِك فِي رِسَالَة التَّصْرِيف، قَالَ ابْن جنّيّ (وَقد قَالُوا: {أَبَاهُ (} يَأْبِيهِ على وَجْهِ الْقيَاس كَأتى يأتِي، وَأنْشد أَبُو زيد:
يَا إبلي مَا ذامُهُ {فتأبِيَهْ ماءٌ رُواءٌ ونَصِيٌّ حَوْلِيَه ْفقول شَيخنَا: ويأبِيه بِالْكَسْرِ وَإِن اقْتَضَاهُ الْقيَاس فقد قَالُوا إِنَّه غيرُ مسموع مردودٌ لما نَقله ابْن جني عَن أبي زيد، وَقَالَ أَيْضا: قَوْله أَبَى الشيءَ} يأباه {ويأبيه جرى فِيهِ على خلاف اصْطِلَاحه، لِأَن تكْرَار الْمُضَارع يدلُّ على الضَّم وَالْكَسْر لَا الْفَتْح، وَكَأَنَّهُ اعتمدَ على الشّهْرَةِ قَالَ ابْن بَريّ: وَقد يُكْسَرُ أوّلُ المضارِع فَيُقَال} تِئْبَى وَأنْشد:
ماءٌ رُواءٌ وَنَصِيٌّ حَوْلِيَه هَذَا بأَفْواهِكَ حَتَّى {تِئْبِيَهْ قلت: وَقَالَ سِيبَوَيْهٍ: وَقَالُوا} يِئْبَى وَهُوَ شاذّ من وَجْهَيْنِ: أحدَهُما: أَنه فَعَلَ يَفْعَلُ وَمَا كَانَ عَلَى فَعَلَ لم يكسر أَوله فِي الْمُضَارع فكسروا هَذَا لِأَن مضارعه مشاكلٌ لمضارع فَعِلفَكَمَا كَسِرَ أول مضارع فَعِل فِي جَمِيع اللُّغَات إِلَّا فِي لُغَة أهل الْحجاز كَذَلِك كَسَرُوا يَفْعل هُنَا. وَالْوَجْه الثَّانِي: من الشُّذوذ أَنهم تَجَوَّزوا الْكسر فِي يَاء يِئْبَى، وَلَا تُكْسَر الْبَتَّةَ إِلَّا فِي نَحْو يَبْجَلُ، واستجازوا هَذَا الشذوذ فِي يَاء يِئْبَى لِأَن الشذوذ قد كثر فِي هَذِه الْكَلِمَة ( {إباءً} وإباءة بكسرهِما فَهُوَ {آبٍ} وَأَبِيّ {وَأبيانِ بِالتَّحْرِيكِ، أنْشد ابْن بَرِّي لبشر بن أبي خازم:
يَرَاهُ النَّاسُ أخْضَرَ مِنْ بَعِيدٍ وَتَمْنَعُهُ المَرَارَة} وَالإِباءُ (كِرهه قَالَ شَيخنَا: فَسَّر {الإباء هُنَا بالكره، وَفسّر الكره فِيمَا مضى} بالإباء على عَادَته، وَكثير يفرِّقون بَينهمَا فَيَقُولُونَ: الإباء هُوَ الِامْتِنَاع عَن الشَّيْء والكراهية لَهُ بغضه وَعدم ملايمته (وَفِي الْمُحكم قَالَ الْفَارِسِي: أَبى زيد من شرب المَاء و ( {آبَيْتُهُ إيّاهُ قَالَ سَاعِدَة بن جؤية:
قَدْ} أوبِيَتْ كُلَّ ماءٍ فَهِيَ صَادِيةٌ مَهْما تُصِبْ أُفُقاً من بارقٍ تَشِمِ ( {والأبية هَكَذَا فِي النُّسَخ، وَفِي بَعْضهَا} الآبِيَةُ بِالْمدِّ (الَّتِي تعَافُ الماءَ و) هِيَ أَيْضا (الَّتِي لَا تُريدُ عَشاءً وَمِنْه الْمثل: العاشِية تُهَيِّجُ الآبِيَة أَي إِذا رَأَتْ الآبيةُ الإبلَ العَوَاشِي تَبِعَتْها فَرَعَتْ مَعَهَا (والآبية من (الْإِبِل الَّتِي (ضُرِبَتْ فَلم تَلْقَحْ كأَنها أبَتِ اللِّقاحَ (ومَاءة مَأباةٌ تأباها الإبلُ) أَي مِمَّا تحْمِلها على الِامْتِنَاع مِنْهَا (وَيُقَال: (أَخذه أُباءٌ من الطّعامِ بالضَّمِّ أَي (كَرَاهةً) جاؤوا بهِ على فُعَال لِأَنَّهُ كالداء، والأدواء مِمَّا يغلب عَلَيْهَا فُعَالِ.
(ورجُلٌ آبٍ من: قوم ( {آبينَ} وَأُباةٍ كَدُعاةٍ ( {وَأُبَيَ) بِضَم فَكسر فتشديد (} وَإباءٍ كَرِجال وَفِي بعض الْأُصُول كَرُمّان (وَرَجُل {أَبِيٌّ كَغَنِيّ (مِنْ قوم (} أبيِّينَ) قَالَ ذُو الإصبع العدواني:
إنِّي {أَبِيٌّ أَبِيّ ذُو مُحَافَظَةٍ
وَابنُ أَبِيّ مِنْ أَبِيِّينِشَبَّه نون الْجمع بنُون الأَصْل فَجَرَّها (} وَأَبَيتُ الطّعامَ واللبَّن (كرَضِيتُ {إبّىً بِالْكَسْرِ وَالْقصر (انْتَهَيْتُ عَنهُ من غيرِ شِبَعٍ، ورجُلٌ} أَبَيانٌ محركةً {يأبَى الطَّعامَ أَو الَّذِي يأبَى (الدَّنيئَة والمذامّ وَأنْشد الجوهريُّ لأبي المجشّر الجاهلي:
وَقَبْلَكَ مَا هابَ الرّجالُ ظُلاّمَتِيوَفَقَأْتُ عَيْنَ الأشْوَسِ} الأبَيانِ (ج {إبيْانٌ بِالْكَسْرِ) عَن كرَاع (} وأَبِيَ الفَصيلُ كَرَضِيَ وَعُنِي {أَبى بِالْفَتْح وَالْقصر (سَنِقَ من اللَّبَنِ وأَخَذَهُ أُبَاءٌ (و) } أَبِيَ (العَنْزُ أَبيَّ (شَمَّ بَوْلَ) الماعز الْجبلي وَهُوَ (الأرْوِيِّ) أَو شَرِبَهُ أوْ وَطِئه (فَمَرِضَ بِأَن يَرِمَ رأسُهُ وَيَأْخُذَهُ من ذَلِك صداعٌ فَلَا يكادُ يُبرأ، وَلَا يكَاد يقدِر على أكل لَحْمه لمرارته، وَرُبمَا ( {أَبيَت الضَّأْن من ذَلِك غير أَنه قلّما يكون ذَلِك فِي الضَّأْن، وَقَالَ ابْن أَحْمَر لراعي غنم لَهُ أَصَابَهَا} الأباء:
فَقُلْتُ لِكَنّازِ تَوَكَّلْ، فَإِنَّهُأُبىً لَا أظنُّ الضأنَ مِنْهُ نَواجيافَمَالَكِ مِنْ أَرْوَى تَعَادَيْنَ بِالعَمَى وَلاقَيْنَ كَلاَّباً مُطِلاً وَرَامِيا قَوْلُه: لَا أَظنُّ الخ. أَي مِن شِدَّته، وذلِكَ أَنَّ الضَّأْنَ لَا يضرُّهَا الأُباءُ أَن يَقْتُلَها.
وَقَالَ: أَبُو حنيفَةَ: الأُباءُ عَرَضَ يَعْرِض للعُشْبِ مِن أَبْوالِ الأَرْوَى، فَإِذا رَعَتْه المَعَز خاصَّة قَتَلَها، وكَذلِكَ إِن بالَتْ فِي الماءِ فشَرِبَتْ مِنْهُ المَعَز هَلَكَتْ.
قالَ أَبو زيدٍ: أَبِيَ التَّيْسُ وَهُوَ يَأْبَى أَبىً، مَنْقوصٌ، وتَيْسٌ {آبي بَيِّنُ} الاباء إِذا شَمَّ بَوْلَ الأَرْوَى فمَرِضَ مِنْهُ، (فَهُوَ {أَبْوَأُ مِن تُيوسٍ} أُبْوٍ وأَعْنُزٍ أُبْوٍ؛ وعَنْزٌ أَبيةٌ {وأَبْواءُ.
وقالَ أَبو زيادٍ الكِلابيّ والأَحْمر: قد أَخَذَ الغَنَم} الأُبَا، بالقَصْرِ، وَهُوَ أَنْ تَشْرَبَ أبْوالَ الأَرْوَى فيُصِيبُها مِنْهُ داءٌ.
قالَ الأَزْهرِيُّ: قَوْلَهُ: تَشْرَبَ خَطَأٌ، إنَّما هُوَ تَشُمُّ، وكَذلِكَ سَمِعْتُ العَرَبَ.
( {والأَباءُ، كسَحاب: البَرْدِيَّةُ، أَوْ الأَجَمَةُ، أَو هِيَ من الحَلْفاءِ خاصَّةً.
قالَ ابنُ جنِّي: كانَ أَبو بكْرٍ يشتقُّ} الأَباءَةَ مِن {أَبَيْت، وذلِكَ (لأَنَّ الأَجَمَةَ تَمْنَعُ) ؛ كَذَا فِي النسخِ والصَّوابِ تَمْتَنِعُ؛ وتَأْبَى على سالِكِها، فأصْلُها عنْدَه} أَبايَةٌ، ثمَّ عُمِلَ فِيهَا مَا عُمِل فِي عبَايَةٍ وصَلايَةٍ، حَتَّى صِرْنَ عَباءَةً وصَلاءةً! وأباءَةً، فِي قوْلِ مَنْ هَمَزَ، ومَنْ لم يَهْمز أَخْرجَهنَّ على أُصولِهنَّ، وَهُوَ القِياس القوِيُّ.
قالَ أَبو الحَسَنِ: وكما قيلَ لَهَا أَجَمَة مِن قوْلِهم أَجِمَ الطَّعامَ كَرِهَهُ.
(وقيلَ: هِيَ الأَجَمَةُ مِن (القَصَبِ خاصَّةً؛ وأَنْشَدَ الجَوْهرِيُّ لكَعْبِ بنِ مالِكٍ:
مَنْ سَرَّه ضَرْبٌ يُرَعْبِل بعضُه بَعْضًا كَمَعْمَعَةِ الأَباءِ المُحْرَقِ (واحِدَتُه بهاءٍ، ومَوْضعُه المَهْموزُ، وَقد سَبَقَ أَنَّه رأْيٌ لابنِ جنّي.
( {وآبى اللَّحْمِ الغِفاريُّ، بالمدِّ، (صَحابيٌّ، واخْتُلِفَ فِي اسْمِه فقيلَ: خَلَفٌ، وقيلَ: عبدُ اللَّهِ، وقيلَ: الحُوَيرثُ، اسْتَشْهَدَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْن، (وَكَانَ} يأْبَى اللَّحْمَ مُطْلقاً. وَالَّذِي فِي مُعْجم ابنِ فَهْد: خَلَفُ بنُ مالِكِ بنِ عبدِ اللهِ {آبَى اللّحْم، كانَ لَا يأْكُلُ مَا ذُبِحَ للأَصْنام، انتَهَى ويقالُ اسْمُه عبدُ الملكِ بنُ عبدِ اللَّه رَوَى عَنهُ مَوْلاهُ عُمَيْر وَله صحْبَةٌ أَيْضاً، وَالَّذِي فِي أنْسابِ أَبي عبيدٍ: الحُوَيْرث بنُ عبدِ اللَّهِ بنِ آبَى اللَّحْم قُتِلَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْن مَعَ النبِّي صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم وكانَ جَدُّهُ لَا يأْكُلُ مَا ذُبِحَ للأَصْنامِ فسُمِّي آبَى اللّحْم، انتَهَى. فتأَمَّل ذلِكَ.
(} والآبي: الأَسَدُ لامْتِناعِهِ.
(ومحمدُ بنُ يَعْقوبَ بن أَبِيَ، كعَلِيَ، مُحدِّثٌ، رَوَى عَنهُ أَبو طاهِرٍ الذّهليُّ.
( {وأَبَّى كحَتَّى، وقيلَ بتَخْفِيفِ الموحَّدَةِ أَيْضاً كَمَا فِي التَّبْصيرِ، التّشْديدُ عَن ابنِ ماكوُلا، والتَّخْفِيفُ عَن الخَطِيبِ، والبَصْريُّونَ أَجْمَعُوا على التَّشْديدِ؛ وَهُوَ (ابنُ جَعْفَرٍ النَّجيرَمِيُّ أَحَدُ الضُّعَفاءِ، كَمَا فِي التَّبْصيرِ، ورأَيْتُ فِي ذَيْلِ دِيوانِ الضُّعفاءِ للذَّهبيِّ بخطِّه مَا نَصَّه: أَبانُ بنُ جَعْفَر النَّجيرَميُّ عَن محمدِ بنِ إسْماعيلَ الصَّائِغ كذَّابٌ، رآهُ ابنُ حبَّان بالبَصْرَةِ، قالَهُ ابنُ طاهِرٍ، فتأمَّل. وَقد تقدَّمَ شيءٌ، مِن ذلِكَ فِي أَوَّل الكِتابِ.
((و) } أَبَّى، كحَتَّى: (بِئْرٌ بالْمدينةِ لبَني قُرَيْظَةَ.
قالَ محمدُ بنُ إسْحاق عَن معْبدِ بنِ كَعْبِ بنِ مالِكٍ قالَ: لمَّا أَتَى النبيُّ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم بَني قُرَيْظَةَ نَزَلَ على بئرٍ من آبارِهِم فِي ناحِيَةٍ مِن أَمْوالِهم يقالُ لَهَا بِئْرُ {أَبا.
قالَ الحازِمِيّ: كَذَا وَجَدْته مَضْبوطاً مجوّداً بخطِّ أَبي الحَسَنِ بنِ الفراتِ، قالَ: وسَمِعْتُ بعضَ المحصّلين يقولُ: إنّما هُوَ أُنا بضمِّ الهَمْزَةِ وتَخفيفِ النّون.
(ونَهْرُ) أَبَّى، كحتَّى، (بينَ الكُوفَةِ وقَصْرِ بني مُقاتِلٍ وقالَ ياقوتُ: قَصْرُ ابنِ هُبَيْرةَ يُنْسَبُ إِلَى أَبّى بنِ الصَّامغانِ مِن مُلُوكِ النَّبط.
قُلْتُ: ذَكَرَه هَكَذَا الهَيْثمُ بنُ عدِيَ.
(و) أَيْضا: (نَهْرٌ كبيرٌ (ببَطيحَةِ واسِطَ؛ عَن ياقوت.
(} والأَبَّاءُ بنُ {أُبَيٍّ، كشَدَّادٍ: مُحدِّثٌ؛} وأُبَيُّ، مُصَغَّراً، ابنُ نضلَةَ بنِ جابِرٍ، كانَ شَرِيفاً فِي زمانِهِ. فقَوْلُه: مُحدِّثٌ، فِيهِ نَظَرٌ.
( {والأُبِّيَّةُ، بالضَّمِّ وكسْرِ الموحَّدَةِ وتَشْديدِها وتَشْديدِ الياءِ: (الكِبْرُ والعَظَمةُ.
(وقالَ الهَرَويُّ: سَمِعْتُ أَبا يَعْقوبَ بنِ خرزاذ يقولُ: قالَ المُهَلبيُّ أَبو الحُسَيْن عَن أَبي إسْحاق النَّجيرَمِيّ: (بَحْرٌ لَا يُؤْبَى، أَي لَا يَجْعَلُكَ} تَأْبَاهُ.
ونَقَلَ الجَوْهرِيُّ عَن ابنِ السِّكِّيت: (أَي لَا يَنْقَطِعُ مِن كَثْرَتِه؛ وكَذلِكَ كَلأٌ لَا {يُؤْبَى.
وقالَ غيرُهُ: وَعِنْده دَراهِمُ لَا} تُؤْبَى، أَي لَا تَنْقَطِعُ.
وحَكَى اللَّحْيانيُّ: عنْدَنا ماءٌ مَا يُؤْبَى، أَي مَا يَقِلُّ.
( {والإِبْيَةُ، بالكسْرِ: ارْتِدادُ اللَّبَنِ فِي الضَّرْعِ. يقالُ للمَرْأَةِ إِذا حُمَّتْ عنْدَ ولادهِا إنَّما هَذِه الحُمَّى} إبْيَة ثَدْيك.
قالَ الفرَّاءُ:! الإبْيَةُ غرارُ اللَّبَنِ وارْتِدادُه فِي الثَّدْي؛ كَذَا نَصّه فِي التّكْمَلَةِ. فقَوْلُ المصنِّفِ: فِي الضَّرْع فِيهِ نَظَرٌ، تأمَّل ذَلِك.
( {والأَبَا، بالقَصْرِ، (لُغَةٌ فِي} الأبِ، وَلم تُحْذَفْ لامُه كَمَا حُذِفَتْ فِي الأبِ، يقالُ: هَذَا أَباً ورأَيْتُ {أَباً ومَرَرْتُ} بأَباً، كَمَا نقولُ: هَذَا قَفاً ورأَيْتُ قَفاً ومَرَرْتُ بقَفاً.
(وأَصْلُ الأبِ {أَبَوٌ، محرّكةً، لأنَّ (ج} آباءٌ، مثْلُ قَفّاً وأَقْفاءٍ، ورَحىً وأَرْحاءٍ، فالذَّاهِبُ مِنْهُ واوٌ لأنَّك تقولُ فِي التَّثْنيةِ {أَبَوانِ، وبعضُ العَرَبِ يقولُ} أَبانِ على النَّقْصِ، وَفِي الإِضافَةِ {أَبِيَكَ، (وَإِذا جَمَعْتَ بالواوِ والنُّونِ قُلْتَ: (} أَبُونَ، وكَذلِكَ أَخُونَ وحَمُونَ وهَنُونَ، قالَ الشَّاعِرُ:
فَلَمَّا تَعَرَّفْنَ أَصْواتَنا بَكَيْنَ وفَدَّيْتَنا {بالأَبِينا وعَلى هَذَا قَرَأَ بعضُهم: {لَهُ} أَبِيكَ إبراهيمَ وإسْماعيلَ وإسْحاقَ} يُريدُ جَمْعَ {أَبٍ أَي} أَبِينَكَ، فحذَفَ النّونَ للإضافَةِ؛ نَقَلَهُ الجَوْهرِيُّ.
قالَ ابنُ بَرِّي: وشاهِدُ قَوْلِهم: أَبانِ فِي تَثْنيةِ أَبٍ قَوْلُ تُكْتَمَ بنْت الغَوْثِ:
باعَدَني عَن شَتْمِكُمْ أَبانِعن كُلِّ مَا عَيْبٍ مُهَذَّبانِ وقالتِ الشَّنْباءُ بنْتُ زيْدِ بنِ عُمارَةَ:
نِيطَ بِحَقْوَيْ ماجِدِ! الأَبَيْن ِمن مَعْشَرٍ صِيغُوا من اللُّجَيْنِقالَ: وشاهِدُ أَبُونَ فِي الْجَمْعِ قَوْلُ الشاعِر:
أَبُونَ ثلاثةٌ هَلَكُوا جَمِيعاً فَلَا تَسْأَمْ دُمُوعُكَ أَن تُراقا قَالَ الأزْهرِيُّ والكَلامُ الجَيِّدُ فِي جَمْعِ الأبِ الآباءُ، بالمدِّ.
( {وأَبَوْتَ} وأَبَيْتَ صِرْتَ {أَباً؛ وَمَا كُنْتَ أَباً وَلَقَد} أَبَوْتَ {أُبُوَّةً، وَعَلِيهِ اقْتَصَرَ الجَوْهرِيُّ؛ ويقالُ:} أَبَيْتَ؛ وكَذلِكَ مَا كنْتَ أَخاً وَلَقَد أَخَوْتَ وأَخَيْتَ، ( {وأَبَوَتُه} إِباوَةً، بالكسْر: صِرْتُ لَهُ أَباً؛ والاسمُ {الإبْواءُ؛ قالَ بخْدَج:
اطْلُبْ أَبا نَخْلَةَ مَنْ يَأْبُوكا فقد سَأَلْنا عَنْكَ مَنْ يَعْزُوكا إِلَى} أَبٍ فكلُّهم يَنْفِيكا وقالَ ابنُ السِّكِّيت: أَبَوْتُ لَهُ آبُوهُ إِذا كُنْتَ لَهُ أَباً.
وقالَ ابنُ الأعْرابيِّ: فلانٌ {يَأْبُوكَ، أَي يكونُ لَكَ أَباً، وأَنْشَدَ لشريكِ بنِ حَيَّان العَنْبَريّ يَهْجُو أَبا نُخَيْلة السَّعْدي:
فاطْلُب أَبا نَخْلَةَ مَنْ} يَأْبُوكَا وادَّعِ فِي فَصِيلَةٍ تُؤْوِيكَاقالَ ابنُ بَرِّي: وعَلى هَذَا يَنْبَغي أَن يُحْمَل قَوْلُ الشَّرِيف الرَّضِي:
تُزْهَى عَلى مَلِك النِّساءِ فلَيْتَ شِعْري مَنْ {أَباها؟ أَي مَنْ كانَ أَباها، قالَ: ويَجوزُ أَنْ يُريدَ} أَبَوَيْها فَبَناهُ على لُغَةِ مَنْ يَقُول {أَبان} وأَبُونَ.
(وقالَ أَبو عبيدٍ: ( {تَأَبَّاه ُأَباً، أَي (اتَّخَذَه أَباً؛ وَكَذَا تَأَمَّاها أُمّاً، وتَعَمَّمَهُ عَمّاً.
(وَقَالُوا فِي النِّداءِ: يَا} أَبَتِ افْعَلْ، (بكسْر التَّاءِ وفَتْحِها.
(قالَ الجَوْهرِيُّ: يَجْعلُونهَ علامَةَ التَّأْنِيثِ عِوَضاً من ياءِ الإِضافَةِ، كقَوْلِهم فِي الأُمِّ: يَا أُمَّتِ، وتقفُ عَلَيْهَا بالهاءِ إلاَّ فِي القُرْآنِ فَإنَّكَ تقفُ عَلَيْهَا بالتاءِ اتِّباعاً للكِتابِ، وَقد يقفُ بعضُ العَرَبِ على هاءِ التَّأْنِيثِ بالتاءِ فيَقُولونَ: يَا طَلْحَةَ؛ قالَ: وإنَّما لم تَسْقطِ التاءُ فِي الوَصْلِ من الأَبِ، وسَقَطتْ من الأُمِّ إِذا قلْتَ يَا أُمَّ أَقْبِلي، لأنَّ الأَبَ لمَّا كانَ على حَرْفَيْن كَانَ كأَنَّه قد أُخِلَّ بِهِ، فصارَتِ الهاءُ لازِمَةً وصارَتِ التاءُ كأَنَّها بعْدَها، انتهَى.
قالَ سيْبَوَيْه: (وسَأَلْتُ الْخَليلَ عَن قَوْلِهم: (يَا {أَبَهْ، بالهاءِ وَيَا} أَبَتِ (وَيَا {أَبَتــاهُ وَيَا أُمَّتاهُ، فزَعَمَ أنَّ هَذِه الهاءَ مثْلُ الهاءِ فِي عَمَّه وخَالَه، قَالَ: ويدلُّكَ على أَنَّ الهاءَ بمنْزِلَةِ الهاءِ فِي عَمَّه وخالَه أنَّك تقولُ فِي الوَقْفِ يَا أَبَهْ، كَمَا تقولُ يَا خالَهْ، وتقولُ يَا أَبَتــاهْ كَمَا تقولُ يَا خالتَاهُ، قالَ: وإنّما يلزمون هَذِه الهاءَ فِي النِّداءِ إِذا أَضَفْتَ إِلَى نَفْسِك خَاصَّة، كَأَنَّهَا جَعَلُوها عِوَضاً من حذْفِ الياءِ، قَالَ: وأَرادُوا أَنْ يُخِلُّوا بالاسْمِ حينَ اجْتَمَعَ فِيهِ حَذْف النِّداء، (وأنَّهم لَا يَكادُونَ يقُولُونَ: (يَا} أَباهُ، وصَارَ هَذَا مُحْتَملاً عنْدَهم لِمَا دَخَلَ النِّداءَ مِن الحَذْفِ والتَّغْييرِ، فأَرَادُوا أَن يُعَوِّضوا هذَيْن الحَرْفَيْن كَمَا يَقولُونَ أَيْنُق، لمَّا حَذَفُوا العَيْن جَعَلوا الياءَ عِوَضاً، فلمَّا أَلْحَقُوا الهاءَ صَّيرُوها بمنْزِلَةِ الهاءِ الَّتِي (تلْزم) الاسْمَ فِي كلِّ مَوْضِع، واخْتَصّ النِّداء بذلِكَ لكَثْرتِه فِي كَلامِهم كَمَا اخْتصَّ بيا أَيُّها الرَّجُل.
وذَهَبَ أَبو عُثْمان المازِنيُّ فِي قِراءَةِ مَنْ قَرَأَ يَا {أَبَهَ، بفتْحِ الهاءِ إِلَى أنَّه أَرادَ يَا} أَبَتــاهُ فحذَفَ الألِفَ، وقَوْلُه أَنْشَدَه يَعْقوبُ:
تقولُ ابْنَتي لمَّا رأَتْ وَشْكَ رِحْلَتي
كأَنَّك فِينا يَا {أَباتَ غَريب أَرادَ: أَبَتــاهُ، فقدَّمَ الأَلِفَ وأَخَّر التاءَ، ذَكَرَه ابنُ سِيدَه والجَوْهرِيُّ.
وقالَ ابنُ بَرِّي: الصَّحِيحُ أنَّه ردَّ لامَ الكَلِمَة إِلَيْهَا لضَرُورَةِ الشِّعْرِ.
(وَقَالُوا: (} لابَ لَكَ، يُريدونَ لَا {أَبَ، لَكَ، فَحَذَفَوا الهَمْزَةَ البَتَّةَ، ونَظيرُهُ قَوْلَهم: وَيْلُمِّه، يُرِيدُونَ: وَبْلَ أُمِّه.
(وَقَالُوا: (لَا} أَبا لَكَ.
قالَ أَبو عليَ: فِيهِ تَقْديرانِ مُخْتلِفانِ لمعْنَيَيْن مُخْتلِفَيْن، وذلِكَ أنَّ ثَباتَ الأَلِفِ فِي أَبَا مِن أَبَالَكَ دَلِيلُ الإضافَةِ، فَهَذَا وَجْهٌ، ووَجْهٌ آخَرُ أَنَّ ثَباتَ اللامِ وعَمَل لَا فِي هَذَا الاسْم يُوجِبُ التَّنْكِيرَ والفَصْلَ، فثَباتُ الألِفِ دَليلُ الإضافَةِ والتَّعْريفِ، ووُجودُ اللامِ، دَليلُ الفَصْل والتَّنْكير وَهَذَانِ كَمَا تَراهُما مُتَدافِعَانِ.
(ورُبَّما قَالُوا: (لَا {أَباكَ، لأنَّ الَّلامَ كالمُقْحمةِ؛ (ورُبَّما حَذَفُوا الألفَ أَيْضاً فَقَالُوا (لَا} أَبَكَ، وَهَذِه نَقَلَها الصَّاغانيُّ عَن المبرِّدِ.
(وَقَالُوا أَيْضاً: (لَا أَبَ لَكَ؛ و (كُلُّ ذلِكَ دُعاءٌ فِي المَعْنَى لَا مَحالةَ، وَفِي اللَّفْظِ خَبَرٌ، أَي أَنتَ عنْدِي ممَّنْ تستحقُّ أَن يُدْعى عَلَيْهِ بفقْدِ! أَبيهِ. ويُؤَكّد عنْدك خُروجُ هَذَا الكَلام مَخْرَج المَثَل كُثْرتُه فِي الشِّعْرِ، وأنَّه (يقالُ لمن لَهُ أَبٌ وَلمن لَا أَبَ لَهُ، لأنَّه إِذا كانَ لَا أَبَ لَهُ لم يَجُزْ أَن يُدْعَى عَلَيْهِ بِمَا هُوَ فِيهِ لَا مَحالَةَ، أَلا تَرى أنَّك لَا تقولُ للفَقِيرِ أَفْقَرَه الله، فَكَمَا لَا تقولُ لمَنْ لَا أَبَ لَهُ: أَفْقَدَ اللَّهُ! أَباكَ، كَذلِكَ تَعْلم أنَّ قوْلَهم هَذَا لمَنْ لَا أَبَ لَهُ لَا حَقِيقَة لمعْناهُ مُطابِقَة للَفْظِه، وإنَّما هِيَ خارِجَةٌ مَخْرَج المَثَلِ على مَا فَسَّرَه أَبو عليَ، وَمِنْه قَوْلُ جريرٍ:
يَا تَيْمُ تَيْمَ عَدِيَ لَا أَبالَكُمُلا يَلْقَيَنَّكُمْ فِي سَوْءَةٍ عُمَرُفهذا أَقْوى دَليلٍ على أنَّ هَذَا القَوْلَ مَثَلٌ لَا حَقِيقَة لَهُ، أَلا تَرى أنَّه لَا يَجوزُ أنْ يكونَ للتَّيْم كلِّها أَبٌ واحِدٌ، ولكنَّكم كُلُّكُمْ أَهْلُ الدُّعاءِ عَلَيْهِ والإغْلاظ لَهُ؛ وشاهِدُ لَا أَباكَ، قَوْلُ أَبِي حَيَّة النُّميْري:
أَبِالْمَوْتِ الَّذِي لَا بُدَّ أَنِيمُلاقٍ لَا أَباكِ تُخَوِّفِيني؟ وأَنْشَدَ المبرِّدُ فِي الكامِلِ:
وَقد ماتَ شَمَّاخٌ وماتَ مُزَرِّدُوأَيُّ كَرِيمٌ لَا أَبَاكِ مُخَلَّدُ؟ وشاهِدُ لَا أَبالَكَ قَوْلُ الأَجْدَع:
فَإِن أَثْقَفْ عُمَيراً لَا أُقِلْهُوإن أَثْقَفْ أَبَاهُ فَلَا أَبا لَهْوقالَ زُفَرُ بنُ الحرِثِ:
أَرِيني سِلاحِي لَا أَبَالَكِ إنَّنيأَرَى الحَرْب لَا تَزْدادُ إلاَّ تَمادِياورُوِيَ عَن ابنِ شُمَيْل: أنَّه سَأَلَ الخَليل عَن قَوْلِ العَرَبِ لَا أَبَ لَكَ، فقالَ: مَعْناه لَا كافيَ لَكَ عَن نَفْسِك.
وقالَ الفرَّاءُ: هِيَ كلمةٌ تَفْصِلُ بهَا العَرَبُ كَلامَها. وقالَ غيرُهُ: وَقد تُذْكَرُ فِي مَعْرِض الذَّمِّ كَمَا يقالُ: لَا أُمَّ لَكَ، وَفِي مَعَرِض التَّعجُّبِ كقَوْلِهم: للَّهِ دَرُّكَ، وَقد تُذْكَر فِي معْنى جِدَّ فِي أَمْرِكَ وشَمِّر لأنَّ مَنْ لَهُ أَبٌ اتَّكَلَ عَلَيْهِ فِي بعضِ شأْنِهِ.
وسَمِعَ سُلَيْمانُ بنُ عبدِ المِلك أَعْرابيّاً فِي سَنَةٍ مُجْدِبةٍ يقولُ:
أَنْزِلْ علينا الغَيْثَ لَا أَبَالَكَ فحمَلَهُ سَلَيْمانُ أَحْسَن مَحْمَل، وقالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَن لَا أَبَ لَهُ وَلَا صاحِبَةَ وَلَا وَلَد.
( {وأَبو المرْأَةِ: زَوْجُها؛ عَن ابنِ حَبيبٍ.
وَفِي التّكْمِلَةِ:} والأَبُ فِي بعضِ اللُّغاتِ الزَّوْجُ انتهَى واسْتَغْربَه شيْخُنا.
( {والأُبُوُّ، كعُلُوَ: (} الأُبُوَّةُ، وهُما جَمْعانِ {للأبِ عَن اللّحْيانيِّ كالعُمُومَةِ والْخُؤُولَةِ؛ وَمِنْه قَوْلُ أَبي ذُؤَيْبِ:
لَو كانَ مِدحَةُ حَيَ أَنْشَرَتْ أَحَداً أَحْيا} أُبُوَّتِكَ الشُّمَّ الأَمادِيحُومِثْلُه قوْلُ لبيدٍ:
وأَنْبُشُ مِن تحتِ القُبورِ {أُبُوَّةً كِراماً هُمُ شَدُّوا عَليَّ التَّمائماوأَنْشَدَ القنانِيّ يمدَحُ الكِسائي:
أَبى الذَّمُّ أَخْلاقَ الكِسائِيِّ وانْتَمى لَهُ الذِّرْوة العُلْيا} الأُبُوُّ السَّوابِقُ ( {وأَبَّيْتُه} تَأْبِيَةً: قُلْتُ لَهُ! بأَبِي، والباءُ فِيهِ مُتَعلِّقةٌ بمحْذُوفٍ، قيلَ: هُوَ اسمٌ فيكونُ مَا بَعْده مَرْفوعاً تَقْديرُهُ أَنْتَ مَفْدِيٌّ بِأَبِي، وقيلَ: هُوَ فعْلٌ وَمَا بَعْده مَنْصوبٌ أَيفَدَيْتُكَ {بِأَبِي، وحذفَ هَذَا المُقدَّر تَخْفيفاً لكَثْرةِ الاسْتِعْمالِ وعِلْم المُخاطَبِ بِهِ.
(} والأَبْواءُ: ع قُرْبَ وَدَّانَ، بِهِ قَبْرُ آمِنَةَ بِنْت وهبٍ أُمِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم وقيلَ: هِيَ قَرْيةٌ مِن أَعْمالِ الفُرْع بينَ المَدينَةِ والجحفَةِ بَيْنها وبينَ المَدينَةِ ثلاثَةٌ وعِشْرونَ مِيلاً؛ وقيلَ {الأَبْواءُ جَبَلٌ على يَمِينِ آرةَ ويَمِين الطَّريقِ للمُصْعدِ إِلَى مكَّةَ مِن المَدينَةِ؛ وَهُنَاكَ بَلَدٌ يُنْسَبُ إِلَى هَذَا الجَبَل.
وقالَ السُّكَّريُّ: هُوَ جَبَلٌ مُشْرِفٌ شامخٌ ليسَ بِهِ شيءٌ مِن النَّباتِ غَيْر الخزم والبَشام وَهُوَ لخزاعَةَ وضمرَة، وَقد اخْتُلِفَ فِي تَحْقيقِ لَفْظِه فقيلَ: هُوَ فَعْلاءُ مِن} الأُبُوَّة، كَمَا يدلُّ لَهُ صَنِيعُ المصنِّفِ حيثُ ذَكَرَه هُنَا، وقيلَ: أَفْعال كأَنَّه جَمْعُ بوَ وَهُوَ الجِلْدُ، أَو جَمْعُ بُوىً وَهُوَ السَّوادُ، وقيلَ: إِنَّه مَقْلوبٌ مِن الأُوباءِ سُمِّي بذلِكَ لمَا فيهِ مِن الوَباءِ.
وقالَ ثابِتُ اللّغَويّ: سُمِّي لتبوُّءِ السُّيولِ بِهِ، وَهَذَا أَحْسَن، وسُئِلَ عَنهُ كثيِّرُ فَقَالَ: لأنَّهم تَبَوَّؤُا بِهِ مَنْزلاً.
( {وأَبَوَى، كجَمَزَى،} وأَبْوَى، كسَكْرَى، مَوْضِعانِ؛ أَمَّا الأوَّلُ: فاسمُ جَبَلٍ بالشامِ، أَو مَوْضِعٌ؛ قالَ الذّبيانيُّ يَرْثي أَخاهُ:
بَعْد ابنِ عاتِكَةَ الثَّاوِي على! أَبَوَى أَضْحَى ببلْدَة لَا عٍَ مّ وَلَا خَالِوأَمَّا الثَّاني: فاسمٌ للقَرْيَتَيْن على طَريقِ البَصْرةِ إِلَى مكَّةَ المَنْسوبَتَيْن إِلَى طَسْم وجَدِيس، قالَ المثقبُ العَبْديُّ: فإِنَّك لَو رأَيْتَ رِجالَ أَبْوَى غَدَاةَ تَسَرْبَلوا حَلَقَ الحَديدِوممَّا يُسْتدركُ عَلَيْهِ:
رجُلٌ {أَبْيانٌ، بالفتْح: ذُو} إباءٍ شَديدٍ؛ نَقَلَهُ الأزْهِريُّ.
{وأبَّاءٌ، كشَدَّادٍ: إِذا أَبَى أَنْ يُضامَ.
وتَأَبَّى عَلَيْهِ} تَأَبِّياً: امْتَنَعَ عَلَيْهِ: نَقَلَهُ الْجَوهرِيُّ.
ونُوقٌ {أَوَابٍ:} يَأْبَيْنَ الفَحْلَ.
{وَأَبَيْتَ اللَّعْنَ: من تحيَّاتِ المُلوكِ فِي الجاهِلِيَّةِ، أَي} أَبَيْتَ أنْ تَأْتيَ مَا تُلْعَنُ عَلَيْهِ وتُذَمُّ بسَببِهِ.
{وآبَى الماءُ: امْتَنَعَ فَلَا تَسْتَطِيع أَنْ تَنْزلَ فِيهِ إلاَّ بتَغْريرٍ، وَإِن نَزَلَ فِي الرَّكِيَّةِ ماتِحٌ فأَسِنَ فقد غَرَّرَ بنَفْسِه أَي خاطَرَ بهَا.
} وأُوبِيَ الفَصِيلُ {إيباءً، فَهُوَ مُوبىً إِذا سَنِقَ لامْتِلائِهِ.
وأُوبيَ الفَصيلُ عَن لَبَنِ أُمِّه: اتَّخَم عَنهُ لَا يَرْضَعها.
وقالَ أَبو عَمْرو:} الأَبيُّ المُمْتَنِعَةُ مِن العَلَفِ لسَنَقِها، والمُمْتَنِعَةُ مِن الفَحْلِ لقلَّةِ هَدَمِها.
وقَليبٌ لَا {يُؤْبَى، عَن ابنِ الأَعرابيِّ، أَي لَا يُنْزَحُ وَلَا يُقالُ يُؤْبَى.
وكَلأٌ لَا يُوبَى: لَا يَنْقطِعُ لكَثْرتِه.
وماءٌ} مُؤْبٍ: قَليلٌ؛ عَن اللَّحْيانيّ.
وقالَ غيرُهُ: يقالُ للماءِ إِذا انْقَطَعَ: ماءٌ مُؤْبٍ.
وآبَى: نَقَصَ، رَوَاهُ أَبو عَمْروٍ عَن المُفَضَّلٍ.
وَقَالُوا: هَذَا {أَبُكَ، قالَ الشاعِرُ:
سِوَى} أَبِكَ الأَدْنى وأنَّ محمَّداً عَلى كلّ عالٍ يابنَ عَمِّ محمَّدٍ وعَلى هَذَا تَثْنِيتُه {أَبانٍ على اللَّفْظِ،} وأَبَوانِ على الأَصْلِ، ويقالُ: هُما {أَبواهُ} لأَبيهِ وأُمِّه، وجائِزٌ فِي الشِّعْر: هُما {أَباهُ، وكَذلِك رأَيْتُ} أَبَيْهِ.
وَفِي الحدِيث: أَفْلَح {وأَبيهِ إنْ صَدَقَ أَرادَ بِهِ تَوْكيدَ الكَلام لَا اليَمِين، لأنَّه نَهَى عَنهُ.
} والأبُ يُطْلَقُ على العَمِّ؛ وَمِنْه قَوْلُه تَعَالَى: {نَعْبُدُ إلهَك وإلَه {آباِئكَ إبراهيمَ وإسْمَاعِيلَ وإِسْحاقِ} .
قالَ اللَّيْثُ: يقالُ فلانٌ} يَأْبُو هَذَا اليَتِيمَ {إِباوَةً، أَي يَغْذُوه كَمَا يَغْذُوه الوالِدُ وَلَدَه ويُرَبِّيه، والنِّسْبَةُ إِلَيْهِ} أَبويٌّ.
وبَيْنِي وبينَ فلانٍ {أُبُوَّةٌ.
} وتَأَبَّاهُ: اتَّخَذَهُ {أَباً؛ والاسمُ} الأُبُوَّةُ؛ وأَنْشَدَ ابنُ بَرِّي:
فإنَّكُمُ والمُلْك يَا أَهْلَ أَيْلةٍ {لَكالمُتَأَبِّي وهْو ليسَ لَهُ أَبُويقالُ: اسْتَأَبَّ أَبّاً واسْتأْبِبْ أَبّاً.
قالَ الأزْهرِيُّ: وإنَّما شُدِّد الأبُ والفعْلُ مِنْهُ، وَهُوَ فِي الأَصْل غيرُ مشدَّدٍ، لأنَّ أَصْلَ الأَبِ أَبَوٌ، فزَادَ وأَبدَلَ الواوَ بَاء كَمَا قَالُوا قِنٌّ للعَبْدِ، وأَصْلُه قِنْيٌ.
} وبَأْبَأْتُ الصَّبيَّ: {بَأْبَأَةً: قُلْتُ لَهُ} بأَبِي أَنْتَ وأُمِّي، فلمَّا سُكِّنَتِ الياءُ قُلِبَت أَلِفاً، وفيهَا ثلاثُ لُغاتٍ: بِهَمْزةٍ مَفْتوحَةٍ بينَ الباءَيْنِ، وبقَلْبِ الهَمْزةِ يَاء مَفْتُوحَة، وبإبْدالِ الأخيرَةِ أَلفاً.
وحَكَى أَبو زيْدٍ: بَيَّبْتُ الرَّجُلَ إِذا قُلْت لَهُ بأَبي؛ وَمِنْه قَوْلُ الراجز:
يَا بِأَبي أَنْتَ وَيَا فَوقَ! البيَبْ قالَ أَبو عليَ: الياءُ فِي {بَيَّبْ مُبْدلَةٌ مِن هَمْزةٍ بَدَلاً لازِماً؛ وأَنْشَدَ ابنُ السِّكِّيت: يَا} بِيبَا أَنْتَ، وَهُوَ الصَّحِيحُ ليُوافِقَ لَفْظَ البِيَبِ لأنَّهُ مُشْتقٌّ مِنْهُ.
ورَوَاهُ أَبو العَلاءِ فيمَا حكَى عَنهُ التِّبْرِيزِي: وَيَا فوقَ {البِئَبْ بالهَمْز، قالَ: وَهُوَ مركَّبٌ مِن قوْلِهم بأَبِي، فأَبْقى الهَمْزَة لذَلِكَ.
وقالَ الفرَّاءُ فِي قوْلِ هَذَا الرَّاجزِ: جَعَلُوا الكَلِمَتَيْن كالواحِدَةِ لكَثْرتِها فِي الكَلامِ.
وحَكَى اللَّحْيانيُّ عَن الكِسائي: مَا يُدْرَى لَهُ مَن أَبٌ وَمَا أَبٌ، أَي مَنْ} أَبوهُ وَمَا أَبوهُ.
ويقالُ: للَّهِ {أَبُوكَ فيمَا يَحْسُن مَوْقِعُه ويُخْمَد فِي مَعْرضِ التَّعجُّبِ والمَدْحِ، أَي أَبُوكَ للَّهِ خالِصاً حيثُ أَنْجَب بكَ وأَتَى بمِثْلِكَ.
ويَقولُونَ فِي الكَرامَةِ: لَا أَبَ لِشانِيكَ وَلَا أَبا لِشانِيكَ.
ومِن المُكَنَّى} بالأبِ، قَوْلهم: {أَبو الحَارِثِ للأَسَدِ.
} وأَبو جَعْدَةَ: للذِّئْبِ.
وأَبو حُصَيْن: للثَّعْلَب.
وأَبو ضَوْطَري: للأَحْمقِ.
وأَبو حاجِبِ: للنَّارِ.
وأَبو جُخادِب: للجَرادِ.
وأَبو بَراقِش: لطائِرٍ مُرَقَّش.
وأَبو قَلَمُونَ: لثَوْبٍ يَتَلَوَّنُ أَلْواناً.
وأَبو قُبَيْسٍ: جَبَلٌ بمكَّة.
وأَبو دراسٍ: كُنْيَة الفَرْج.
وأَبو عَمْرَة: كُنْيَةُ الجُوعِ.
وأَبو مالِكٍ: كُنْيَة الهَرَمِ.
وأَبو مثوى: لربِّ المَنْزلِ.
وأَبو الأَضْيافِ: للمِطْعامِ.
وَفِي الحديثِ إِلَى المُهاجِرِ بنَ أَبو أُمَيَّة لاشتِهارِهِ بالكُنْيَة وَلم يكنْ لَهُ اسمٌ مَعْروفٌ، لم يُجَرّ كَمَا قيلَ عليُّ ابنُ أَبو طالِبٍ.
وكانَ يقالُ لعَبْدِ مَنَاف: أَبو البَطْحاءِ لأنَّهم شَرفُوا بِهِ وعَظُمُوا بدُعائِهِ وهِدايَتِه.
ويَقُولونَ: هِيَ بنْتُ {أَبيها، أَي أنَّها شَبِيهةٌ بِهِ فِي قُوَّةِ النَّفْسِ وحدَّةِ الخُلُقِ والمُبادَرَةِ إِلَى الأشْياءِ. وَقد جاءَ ذلِكَ عَن عائِشَةَ فِي حفْصَةَ، رضِيَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُمَا
وسالمُ بنُ عبدِ اللَّهِ بن} أَبَّى الأَنْدَلُسِيُّ، كحتَّى، يَرْوِي عَن ابنِ مزين، ماتَ بالأَنْدَلُسِ سَنَة 310، ذَكَرَهُ ابنُ يونُسَ، {وأُبَي بن أبَّاء بن} أُبَىَّ لَهُ خَبَرٌ مَعَ الحجَّاج ذَكَرَهُ أَبو العَيْناءِ.
وَأُبَيُّ بنُ كَعْبٍ سَيِّدُ القُرَّاءِ بَدْرِيٌّ؛ وأُبَيُّ بنُ عمارَةَ، صَحابيَّان.
وأُبيّ بنُ عبَّاسِ بنِ سُهَيْل عَن أَبيهِ احْتَجَّ بِهِ البُخارِي؛ وقالَ ابنُ مُعِينٍ: ضَعِيفٌ.
{وآبِي الْخَسْف: لَقَبُ خُوَيْلدِ بنِ أَسَدِ بنِ عبْدِ الْعُزَّى، والِدُ خَدِيجَةَ زَوْجِ النبيِّ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم وجَدُّ الزُّبَيْرِ بنِ العوامِ بنِ خُوَيْلد، وَفِيه يقولُ يَحْيَى بنُ عرْوَةَ بنِ الزُّبَيْر:
أبٌ لي} آبي الخسْف قد تَعْلَمُونهوفارسُ معروفٍ رئيسُ الْكَتَائِب! وإِبَّيَانُ بكسْرٍ وتَشْديدِ الموحَّدَةِ: قَرْيةٌ قُرْبَ قَبْرِ يونُسَ ابنِ متَّى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام، عَن ياقوت.