طرق
الطَّرْق: نَتْفُ الصوْفِ بالمِطْرَقَة وهي الخَشَبَةُ التي يُضْرَبُ بها، والجميع المَطارِقُ، وهيِ - أيضاً - تكونُ مَعَ الحَدّادِين. وفي المَثَل: " ضرْبُكَ بالفِطِّيْس خيْر من المِطْرَقَة ".
والطِّرَاقُ: الحَدِيدُ الذي يُعَرضُ ثم يُدَارُ فَيُجْعَلُ بَيْضَةً أو ساعِداً ونحوه، فكُلُّ صَنْعَةٍ على حَذْوٍ: طِرَاقٌ، وكلّ قَبِيلةٍ على حِيالِها كذلك.
وجِلْدُ النَّعْل: طِرَاقُها إذا عُزِلَ عنها الشِّرَاكُ.
وتًرْسٌ مُطْرَق: وهو أنْ يُقَوَّرَ جِلْدٌ على مِقْدَارِ التُّرْس فَيُلْزَقَ به. ورِيْشٌ طِرَاقٌ.
والسَّماوات السَّبْعُ طَرائقُ بعضها فوق بعضٍ.
وقُدَامى الجَنَاح مُطْرَقٌ بعضُها على بعضٍ.
وثَوْبٌ طَرائقُ: أي قِطَعٌ. وجَبَل مُطرّقٌ: فيه ألْوانٌ.
وطارَقَ بين ثَوْبَيْنِ: أي ظاهَرَ بينهما. والطَّرِيْقُ: مَعْرُوْفٌ، يُذَكَّرُ ويُؤنَثُ.
والطَّرِيْقَةُ: كُلُّ أحْدُوْرَةٍ من الأرض أو صَنِفَةٍ من الثَّوْب، وكذلك من الألوان، والجميع الطَّرائقُ.
والطَّرِيْقَةُ: الحالُ. ومن خُلُقِ الانسانِ: لِيْنٌ وانْقِيَادٌ، وإنَّ في طَرِيْقَتِه لَعِنْدَاوَةً: أي في لِيْنِه بَعْضُ العُسْرِ، ويُقال طِرّيقَةٌ أيضاً.
والطَّرِيْقَة: أماثِلُ القَوْم، هؤلاء طَرِيْقَةُ قَوْمِهم، والجميع طَرَائقُ.
والطَّرِيْقَةُ: عَمُوْدُ المِظَلَّةِ والخِبَاءِ والبُيُوتِ من الشَّعر، طَرقُوا بينهم تَطْرِيقاً. ونَسِيْجَةٌ تُنْسَجُ من صُوفٍ أو شَعرٍ.
وطَرْقُ الفَحْل: ضِرَابُه لِسَنَةٍ. واسْتَطْرَقَ فلانٌ فلاناً فَحْلَهُ فأطْرَقَه: أي أعطاه لِيَضْرِبَ في إبِلِه.
والمَرْأةُ طَرُوْقَةُ زَوْجِها.
والطَّرُوْقَةُ: القَلُوصُ التي بَلَغَتِ الضرَابَ. ويُقال: أطْرِقْني فَحْلَكَ. ولكَ طَرْقُهُ العامَ. وناقَةٌ مِطْرَاقٌ: قَرِيْبَةُ العَهْدِ بالفَحْل. والطّارِقِيَّةُ: ضَرْبٌ من القَلائدِ.
والطارِق: كَوْكَبُ الصُّبْح. والذي يَجِيْء لَيْلاً، طَرَقَ طُرُوْقاً وطَرْقاً، ورَجُلٌ طُرَقَةٌ: يَسْري حتّى يَطْرُقَ أهْلَه.
والأطْرَاقُ: ما يَطْرُقُ من المَكارهِ.
والإطْرَاقُ: السُّكُوْتُ. ورَجُلٌ طِرِّيْقٌ: كثيرُ الإطْرَاقِ فَرَقاً. والكَرَوَان المُذَكِّرْ: طِرِّيْقٌ لأنَّه إذا رأى إنْساناً سَقَطَ على الأرض فأطْرَقَ، ويُقال له: " أطْرِقْ كَرا أطْرِقْ كَرا؛ إن النعَامَ في القُرى، إنَّكَ لا تُرى " عِنْدَ صَيدِه.
وأمُّ طُرّيْقٍ: الضَّبُعُ، إذا دُخِلَ عليها وَجَارُها قيل: أطْرِقي أمَّ طُريق لَيْسَتِ الضَبُعُ ها هنا. ورَجُلٌ مُطَرقٌ: غَلِيْظُ الجُفُونِ ثَقِيلُها.
وكَلأ مَطْرُوْقٌ: وهو الذي ضَرَبَه المَطَرُ بَعْدَ يُبْسِه.
وطَرَّقْتُ الإِبلَ: إذا حَبَسْتَها على كَلإَ أو غيرِه.
والطَّرْقُ: خَطّ بإِصْبَعٍ في الكَهَانَةِ، ً طَرَقَ يَطْرُق طَرْقاً.
وكُلُّ صَوْتٍ من العُوْدِ ونحوِه: طَرْقٌ. وهذه الجارِيَةُ تَضْرِبُ كذا وكذا طَرْقاً: أي نوْعاً.
والطَّرْقُ: النَّخْلُ الطَّوِيل، وجَمْعُه طُرُوْقٌ، وكذلك الطَّرِيقُ. والفَحْلُ من الإِبل.
والطِّرْق: الشَحْمُ. وحِبَالَةٌ يُصَاد بها الوَحْشُ كالفَخِّ.
والطَّرْقُ: من مَناقِع المِياهِ في نحائزِ الأرض. واسْمُ مَوضِعٍ.
والطَّرْقُ: الماءُ الذي قد بالَتْ فيه الدَّوابُّ حتّى اصْفَرَّ، طَرَقَتْه الإِبلُ، وهي تَطْرُقُ طَرْقاً.
وطَرَّقَتِ المَرْأةُ: إذا خَرَجَ من الوَلَدِ نِصْفُه واحْتَبَسَ بعضَ الاحْتِباس، يُقال: طَرَّقَتْ ثمَّ تَخَلَّصَتْ. وطَرقَتِ القَطاةُ: حانَ خُروجُ بَيْضِها.
والرِّجْلُ الطَّرْقاءُ: الذي في ساقِها اعْوِجاجٌ من غَيْرِ فَحَجٍ.
وضَرَبْتُه حتّى طًرّقَ بجَعْرِه. وتَطَرَّقَتِ الشَّمْسُ: دَنا غُرُوبُها.
وهذا مِطْراقُ هذا: أي شِبْهُه. وإذا خَرَجَ القَوْمُ رَجّالةً لا دَوَابَّ لهم قيل: خَرَجُوا مَطارِيْقَ، واحِدُهم مُطْرِق.
وجاءتِ الإبلُ مَطارِيْقَ: إذا جاءَ بعضُها في أثَرِ بعضٍ، الواحِدُ مِطْرَاقٌ. وقيل: هي التي تَسِيْرُ ولا تَأْكُلُ، يُقال: أطْرَقَتْ إذا أعْنَقَتْ.
والمشيُ الطَّرَقُ: هو الرُّوَيْدُ. ومَرَرْت على طَرَقَةِ الإبل: أي على أثرِها.
وطرّقَ فلانٌ حَقَّ فلانٍ: جَحَدَه وتَعَسَّرَ عليه.
وما لهُ فيكَ طُرْقَةٌ: أي مَطْمَعٌ. والطُّرْقَةُ: العادَة والخُلُق.
ورَجُلٌ مَطْرُوْقٌ: إذا كان فيه طِرِّيْقَةٌ واسْتِرْخاءٌ، وفيه طَرَقٌ وطَرْقَةٌ؛ وهو لِيْنٌ في يَدَي البَعِير، بَعِيْرٌ أطْرَقُ وناقَةٌ طَرْقاءُ.
والمَطْرُوْقُ: الذي به طَرَقَةٌ: أي جُنُونٌ وهَوَجٌ. وهو أيضاً: المَوْسُوْمُ بِسِمَةٍ يُقال لها الطِّرَاقُ تَقَعُ طُولاً على العُنُق.
والطِّرَاقُ: وِقايَةٌ للأسْقِيَةِ، كِسَاءٌ أو نَطْعٌ.
وأطْرَاقُ القِرْبَةِ: أثْنَاؤها، الواحِدُ طَرَقٌ. والطُّرْقَةُ: الظُّلْمَةُ.
والطِّرَاقُ: اللَّيْلُ إذا تَطارَقَتْ ظُلْمَتُه أي تَرَاكَمَتْ.
واخْتَضَبَتِ المَرْأةُ طُرْقَةً أو طُرْقَتَيْنِ: أي مَرَّةً أو مَرَّتَيْنِ.
والطِّرْيَاقُ: لُغَةٌ في الدِّرْياق. والطِّرِّيْقَةُ من الأرض: السهْلَةُ التي تُنْبِتُ البَقْلَ والصِّلِّيَانَ. وأطْرِقَاءُ: اسْمُ بَلَدٍ.

طرق: طَرَق: سلك، مشى سار، رحل، ارتحل.
(فوك، الكالا) وهي = طرق الطريق في معجم لين.
طرق: ضربة ثانية كرّر الدّق، وتستعمل مجازاً بمعنى كرر القول حتى أملّ. ومطروق: معاد، مكَّرر. يقال فكرة مطروقة وكلام مطروق (بوشر).
طرق روحه: استمنى بيده، جلد عميرة (بوشر).
طرق الحِنْطَة: غربلها (محيط المحيط).
طرَّق (بالتشديد) دقه على السندان (بوشر).
طَرَّق. لم يُطَرَق المضيق: فعل ما جعلنا لا نستطيع المرور في المضيق (أماري ص207).
وهذا صواب العبارة لما جاء في مخطوطتنا رقم 12 طَرَّق إلى: عبّر طريقاً إلى، فتح طريقاً إلى (معجم مسلم، المقري 1: 244).
طَرَّق على فلان: حاول خداعه والمكر به. (معجم مسلم).
طَرَّق: برقش، رقش، (فوك) وانظر: مُطَرَّق فيما يلي: أطْرَق. طأطأ رأسه، أمال رأسه إلى صدره وفي معجم فوك: أطرق برأسه. تَطَرَّق: بالمعنى الأول في معجم لين وهو وجد طريقاً إلى وتطَرَّق إلى مجازاً أيضاً بمعنى اولع ب، وانهمك في، ففي مملوك (2، 2: 269): كان يمنعها التطرّف (ق) إلى التبهرج. وقد ترجمها كاترمير بما معناه: كان يمنعها من الانهماك في التبرج، وبدلاً من أن يقال تطرَّق إلى يقال تطّرق ل أيضاً (المقدمة1: 56 المقري 1: 658 وعليك أن تقرأ فيه يتطّرق وفقاً لطبعة بولاق).
ويقال كذلك، تطَّرق على (معجم مسلم) وهو نفس المعنى فيما أرى في عبارة ياقوت (1: 819) التي نقلت فيه.
تطَرَّق: سار، مضى، انطلق (زيشر 5: 102، فوك).
متّطرق: مارّ، عابر سبيل، ابن سبيل (ابن حوقل ص159).
تطرَّق إلى: أوصل إلى، قاد الى، يقال: الطريق يتطرقّ إلى (ففي ألف ليلة (1: 105): أصبت طريقاً متطرقاً إلى أعلاه.) تطرُّق الاحتمال: تفّرع وتشعب (أي الصور المختلفة) للقضية والفرضية (دي سلان المقدمة 1: 39).
تطَرّق: ضرب، قرع، دقْ (معجم مسلم، فوك) يِتطرَّق: طروق، لدن، قابل للتطريق (بوشر).
تَطرَّق: هاجم أغار على (معجم مسلم).
تطرَّق ب: تبرفش، ترقش (فوك).
تطارَق: جُعل بعضُه فوق بعض، ففي الكامل (ص148): لبدة الأسد ما يتطارق من شعره بين كتفيه.
انطرق. انطرق في: اصطدم، ويقال، انطرق رأسه في الحائط أي اصطدم في الحائط (بوشر).
اطَّرق: طاف، جاب عدة بلدان. ففي ابن البيطار (1: 293): وكان قد وقع له منه بعد إطراقه البلاد باحثاً عنه مشرقاً ومغرباً قطعة صغيرة. وقد سقطت كلمة البلاد من مخطوطة ب.
استطرق: قارن قولهم الاستطراق بين الصفوف الذي ذكره لين في معجمه مع ما جاء في كتاب الماوردي (ص 329): ويُمنعَ الناس في الجوامع والمساجد من استطراق حلق الفقراء والقُرَّاء صيانة لحرمتها.
طَرْقَة: قرعة، دقُة، نقرة (بوشر).
طرقة: غزوة، غارة (معجم الادريسي).
طَرْقَة يد: سَطْو، عمل جريء (بوشر).
طرقة (ضبطها مشكوك فيه) يظهر أن معناها بكرة (القزويني 2: 128) طُرُقّي: جرّاح، طبيب دجّال يبيع الدواء في الطرق العامة (بوشر).
طَرْقُون: ذكرت في القسم الأول من معجم فوك مع كلمة لاتينية معناها رقص غير أنها لم تذكر في القسم الثاني.
ويظهر من قصة عجيبة عند ابن الخطيب أن هذه الكلمة لها حقا بعض العلاقة بفكرة الرقص. ففي ترجمته لابن مردنيش يقول أن هذا الأمير الذي تولى الحكم في أسبانيا الشرقية في أواسط القرن السادس للهجرة قد فرض ضرائب متنوعة على رعيته لكي يستطيع دفع رواتب جنوده النصارى حتى إنه فرض هذه الضريبة على حفلات الأعراس، وفي القصة التالية أن رجلاً من مدينة قسطيلة يقول إنه ربح في مرسيه دوقتين (وهو نقد ذهبي قديم) في عمله بالبناء، فدعا بعض بلدياته لقضاء ليلة عنده. ويستمر قائلاً (ص186، ص187): فاشتريت لحماً وشراباً وضربنا دُفاً فلما كان عند الصباح وإذا بنقر عنيف بالباب فقلت من أنت فقال أنا الطرقون الذي بيده قبالة اللهو وهي متَّفقة بيدي وانتم ضربتم البارحة الدُفَّ فاعطنا حَقَّ العرس الذي عملتَ فقلتُ له والله ما كانت لي .. فأُخِذت وسُجنتُ (وليس في المخطوطة فراغ، غير أني أرى أن شيئاً ناقصاً فيه) فالطرقون إذاً هو من يتولى استلام الضريبة المفروضة على احتفالات الأعراس وعلى الرقص وكذلك على الموسيقى التي تضرب في العرس، ولا ادري لماذا ذكر فوك كلمة طرقون في مادة الفعل saltare اللاتيني الذي معناه رقص.
ونجد هذه الكلمة في أبيات لشاعر أندلسي هو الفقيه عمر وقد نقلها المقريزي وكان يرددها رجل يحيى حياة التسكع. فنقرأ في المقريزي (3: 23)
ولا تنسى أياماً تقّضت كريمة ... بزاوية المحروق أو دار همدان
وتأليفنا لقبض إتارةَ ... وإغرام مسنون وقسمة حُلْوان
وقد جلس الطرقون بالبعد مطرقاً ... يقول نصيبي أو أبوح بكتمان
وهكذا نرى أن هذا الشخص يتظاهر بأنه جابي الضرائب فيجمع الإتاوات بينما جلس الطرقون بعيداً مطرقاً برأسه وهو يقول اعطني نصيبي وإلا بحت بالسر. وبذلك كان على الناس البائسين أن يدفعوا مرتين الأولى لهذا المحتال ثم إلى الطرقون الذي يقول لمن دفع الضريبة إلى غيره إنه قد خدعه محتال تظاهر بأنه الطرقون.
طِراق: قارن قولهم طائرُ طراقُ الريش الذي ذكره لين نقلا من تاج العروس بقولهم: طراقُ الخَوافي الذي ذكره المبرد في الكامل ص90) طروق = طارق (رايت ص91 رقم 12).
طَريق: يجمعها العامة على طُرُوق وهو تصحيف طُرُق (معجم مسلم).
طَرِيق: بمعنى افسحوا الطريق، فحين يصل العربي إلى منزله ومعه غرباء يصيح قائلا: طريق وذلك لكي تدخل نساؤه في بيوتهن (نيبور رحلة إلى بلاد العرب ص47) طريق السلامة: مع السلامة على الطائر الميمون (بوشر)
أرباب الطريق: هم عند الجوبري المنجمون وضاربوا الرمل ثم يذكر بعد ذلك أصحاب الطريق في الطب أو أطباء، الطرق (زيشر 20: 496، 497) وبمقارنة هذا بما نقلته من معجم بوشر في مادة طُرَقي يمكننا أن نؤكد أن هذه الكلمات تعني غالباً الدجالين المشعوذين من الجراحين والمنجمين وضاربي الرمل ومن لف لفهم الذين يتعاطون مهنهم في الطرقات العامة.
طريق التبن وطريق اللبّانة: المجّرة، أن السماء، أمّ النجوم (بوشر).
على الطريق: على شكل، على هيئة (بوشر).
طريق: قسم من أحوال إسناد الحديث (عبد الواحد ص130، المقدمة 1: 355، 2: 144، 145، 147) وفي المقري (1: 495): كان بصيراً بالطرق.
الطريق: التصوّف (المقري 1: 571).
أهل الطريق: الصوفية (المقري 1: 596).
طريق: مَرَّة (بوشر سوريا) وفي محيط المحيط: عامية طَرْق وفي رحلة ابن جبير (ص147): فسعى على قدميه طريقين من الصفا إلى المروة (ألف ليلة برسل 2: 184، 275) وفي طبعة ماكن (1: 259): مرة (برسل 3: 372) وفي رحلة ابن جبير (ص68): في طريق واحدة أي في مرة واحدة طريق في مصطلح الموسيقى: لحن: نَغَم (ألف ليلة 2: 271، 3: 410، برسل 7: 193).
وفي طبعة ماكن: طريقة.
طريق الأسْقُف: منشور رَعائي (ألكالا). طريقة. الطريقة: الصراط المستقيم. وطباعة السلطان ففي حيان (ص16 و) في كلامه عن رئيس ظل مخلصاً للسلطان: استقام على الطريقة (حيان ص24 ق).
الطريقة المحترقة: (أبو الفداء جغرافية ص5) هو الفضاء الواقع بين الدرجة التاسعة عشرة من الميزان والدرجة الثالثة من العقرب. انظر ترجمة رينو (ص6 رقم 1).
طريقة: نهج متبع في بحث علم من العلوم والذي يختلف عند العلماء. ففي مرجريت (ص17) وله طريقة في علم الخلاف.
طريقة: خداع، مكر، أسلوب في الغش (ألف ليلة برسل 9: 195).
طريقة: منطلق، سبيل، وسيلة، ذريعة، وسيلة النجاح (بوشر).
طريقة: وسيلة لإزاحة الضمير، وسيلة لإتمام عمل، وسيلة للصلح، تسوية. ومجازاً: تلطيف تسكين، تخفيف، مصالحة، توفيق، ويقال: طريقة ل أي مصالحة، توفيق (بوشر).
طريقة: للصوفية اليوم في الهند وبخراسان على الخصوص ثلاث درجات في نظامهم وتسمى: طريقة ومعرفة وحقيقة، فاتباع الدرجة الأولى مسلمون يقومون بواجباتهم الدينية. أنظر زيشر (16: 241) طريقة (من مصطلح الموسيقى): لحن، نغم (ألف ليلة 2: 51 ب، 152، 163، 259، 267، 4: 173).
طريقة الأسْقفُ: منشور رَعائي (ألكالا).
طريقة الشرع: مرافعة، مقاضاة، أسلوب المحاكمات (بوشر).
طريقة ماء: ما يجلب من الماء من الحوض والمصنع مرة واحدة (اسيبنا مجلة الشرق والجزائر 13: 148).
طريقة: قارون مع ما ذكره لين (1849) في الآخر مع ما جاء في زيشر (22: 80) وهو: وكبَّر البيت على خمس طرائق كما كان باًلأول. وقد ترجمها وبتزشتان إلى الألمانية بما معناه: وسّع البيت وجعله يقوم على خمسة أعمدة كما كان بالأول.
(انظر تعليقه ص100 رقم 21). ويقول بوسييه: إنها سير قوي تبطن به الخيمة العربية تسند الدعامات والركائز وعليها يقع كل الحمل (130).
طراقِي. الكِساء الطراقيّ: كان اسم نسيج يصنع في مدينة طراق بأفريقية ويصدر إلى مصر (البكري ص47).
طِرَاقِيَّة: حنطة ضعيفة تخرج عند الغربلة (محيط المحيط).
طَرَّاق= طارق (عباد 1: 66).
طرّاق: عابر طريق، عابر سبيل (فوك طرّاق) الحديد: حدّاد (بوشر) طَرَّاقَة: عازف كمان في القرى للرقص، شاعر يطوف البلاد منشداً شعره على آلة موسيقية (صفة مصر 14: 181).
طَرّاقَة: مطرقة، شاكوس (معجم الأسبانية ص213).
طارِقَة: هذه الكلمة تدل على نوع من الأسلحة وقد وجد المستشرقون وهم العلماء باللغات والآداب الشرقية صعوبة في تفسيرها، وقد فسرها شولتز أولا بحربة ومزراق، ثم بدرع وزرد وقد رأى إنها تحريف تاركو اليونانية وقد اعتمد كل من رينو ودي ساسي على هذا الأصل غير الأكيد، وقد وجد دي ساسي عدة نصوص في المقريزي لم تترك له شكاً معنى هذه الكلمة. وقد أضاف السيد لين رأياً جديداً خاطئاً على ما سبق وقيل من الآراء فقال هذه الكلمة تعني ركاماً ضخماً من الأسلحة ولو اطلع على تعليقة كاترمير البارعة (مونج ص288 - 289) لأصدر حكماً آخر. على أن هذه التعليقة ليست بكافية لأنها لا تدل على اصل كلمة طارقة ولا على معناها الأصلي.
وارى إنها ليست عربية الأصل لان اللغات العربية لم تذكر أصلها وقد دخلت فيها في وقت متأخر. وأعتقد أن من العبث أن نفتش عنها عند الكتاب السابقين على عهد الحروب الصليبية وأن العرب قد أخذوها من الصليبيين وهي ليست غير الكلمة اللاتينية targa الموجودة في اللغة الإيطالية والأسبانية والبرتغالية والبروفنسالية بصورة Tarje وبالفرنسية بصورة Targe أن هذه الكلمة مأخوذة من الكلمة اللاتينية Tergum ( انظر دوكانج) أو من الكلمة الألمانية Zarga ( جريم، مونيمن، النحو الألماني 3: 445) ويرى دميليز في أصول الكلمات في اللغات الرومانية هذا الرأي. وهي على كل حال من أصل أوربي وتعني ترساً كبير يغطي كل الجانب الأسفل من الجسم.
والكلمة العربية طريقة (طَرْغَة) في معجم (فوك) تدل على نفس هذا المعنى، وهذا ما يمكن أن نراه في عبارات عماد الدين الأصفهاني في التي نقلها كاترمير ويستنتج منها أن الصليبين كانوا يستعملون هذه التروس، وقد أساء كلترمير ترجمة جملة: (لمعت بولرقُ بيارقه، وراعت طوارقُ طوارقه) فقد ترجمها بما معناه: لمعت بوارق بيارقه، وطوارقه التي تقدمت نشرت الذعر.
وفي حياة صلاح الدين (ص124): رأيت الصليبيين يسيرون في حالة يرثى لها، ما وجدت مع واحد منهم طارقة ولا رمحاً إلا النادر، ونجد فيها أيضاً أن الأمراء الصليبين اهدوا إلى الصلاح الدين طوارق وسيوفاً ألمانية وغير ذلك (دي ساسي طرائف 1: 275) وفي الغرب كان النصارى من الأسبان هم الذين يملكون هذا النوع من التروس، (انظر عباد 2: 201) وقد استعارها منهم المسلمون.
ونجد مثلاً في الحلل (ص58 ق) عبارة من ابن اليسع يذكر فيه أحد الموحدين ما يلي: فصنعنا دارةً مربَّعة في البسط جعلنا فيها من جهاتها الأربع صفاً من الرجال بأيديهم القنا الطوال والطوارق المانعة ووراءهم أصحاب الدرق والحراب صفاً ثانياً.
وكانت في القاهرة حارة تسمى الطوارق أو حارة الصبيان الطوارق لأن فيها منازل الفتيان المسلحين بالطوارق، وهم من جملة طوائف العسكر كانوا معدّين لحمل الطوارق (المقريزي في دي ساسي 1: 1) وأخيراً فان هذه الكلمة كانت تدل في أوربا على وقاء نقال يستخدمه المحاصرون عند الهجوم وهي نوع من آلات الحرب مؤلف من عدة الواح يحتمي وراءها المهاجمون من السهام والحجارة (انظر دوطانج).
وكانت الطريقة تدل في الشرق على هذا المعنى ويظهر إنها لا تزال معروفة في القاهرة لان كاترمير يقول (ص427) إنه مدين لمارسيل في تفسيره لها وإنها لوح يحتمي وراءه الجنود من السهام والحجارة.
وكلمة تُرْس قد تغير أيضا معناها كما يدل عليها النص في طرائف فريتاج (ص131).
طارقِيات (جمع): ألواح يحتمي وراءها الجنود من السهام والحجارة (حياة صلاح الدين ص250 ابن الاثير 12:4).
مِطْرَق: بالعامية مَطْرق: دبوس، هراوة (دوماس حياة العرب ص 199) وعصاً غليظة فعند كاريت قبيل (2: 241): (عصا قصيرة رقيقة يستعملها العرب أحياناً في سوق ابلهم).
(بركهارت بلاد العرب 1: 420) وفي ألف ليلة (4: 553): وإذا بالوالي اقبل عليّ ومعه جماعة بسيوف ومطارق. (وقد ترجمها لين بما معناه (درق من الجلد) وهو معنى ما تدل عليه هذه الكلمة).
مِطْرَق: انظر الفعل مَطْرَقَ في حرف الميم.
مُطَرَّق: يقول ابن العوام (2: 564) في كلامه عن تنعيل الفرس: ولا يُنْعل الا بنعل مطرق فانه الصق للحافر واسبق ليدي الدابَّة.
وقد ترجمها بانكري بما معناه: لا تستعمل إلا حديدة مغلفة بجلد غير أني أرى ما يراه كلمنت- موليه إنه حديد ممطول وقد فسرها بوسييه بأنها طرق على السندان.
مُطَرَّق: جرح المسمار في قدم المطية، ألم الفرس المنُعَّل (الكالا). مَطرَق: مبرقش، مرقَّش (لين، فوك) ونسيج مُخطط، ذو خطوط (بوسيبه) وفي كرتاس (ص178) كان يلبس تليسا مطرقا وبرنوسا مرقعاً وفي ابن البيطار (1: 471) يقولا الادريسي في كلامه عن الذراريح: النوع الأسود المطرق بالحمرة.
وفي مخطوطاتنا المطرق بالفاء وهو خطأ.
مطرقا: اسم نبات يشبه الثوم. (انظره في مادة سفرذيون).
مِطْرَقَة خَشَب: ناقوس خشب، وطاحونة صغيرة من الخشب (بوشر) وهي مثل matraca بالأسبانية وتعني ناقوس خشب يستعمل بدل الأجراس في أسبوع الآلام.
مَطُروُق: شائع، متداول. ويقال: كلمة مطروقة أي شائعة متداولة (بوشر).
مَطّرُوق: مبتذل، غثّ، ركيك (بوشر).
بيت مَطُروق: مُرْتاد، يكثر التردد عليه (بوشر).
مُتَطَرَّق إلى: طريق يوصل إلى (الكامل ص 113).

طرق

1 طَرْقٌ signifies The beating [a thing], or striking [it, in any manner, and with anything]; (K, TA;) this being the primary meaning: (TA:) or with the مِطْرَقَة, (K, TA,) which is the implement of the blacksmith and of the artificer [with which he beats the iron], and the rod, or stick, with which one beats wool [or hair] to loosen or separate it: (TA:) and the slapping (K, TA) with the hand. (TA.) You say, طَرَقَ البَابَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. طَرْقٌ, He knocked [or (as we say) knocked at] the door. (Msb.) طَرَقَ الصُّوفَ, (S, O, TA, *) or الشَّعَرَ, (TA,) aor. as above, (S, O,) and so the inf. n., (S, O, K,) He beat the wool, (S, O, K, TA,) or the hair, (TA,) with the rod, or stick, called مِطْرَقَة, (S, O,) to loosen it, or separate it: (S, * O, * TA:) or he plucked it [so as to loosen it, or separate it]. (K, TA.) اُطْرُقِى

وَمِيشِى, a prov., and occurring in a verse of Ru-beh, [originally addressed to a woman,] and [lit.] meaning Beat thou the wool with the stick, and mix the hair with the wool, is said to him who confuses or confounds, in his speech, and practises various modes, or manners, therein. (Az, TA. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 28.]) And you say also, طَرَقَ الحَدِيدَةَ He beat the piece of iron [with the مِطْرَقَة]: (Mgh, * Msb:) and ↓ طرّقها he beat it much, or vehemently. (Msb.) And طَرَقَهُ بِكَفِّهِ, inf. n. as above, He slapped him with his hand. (TA.) And طَرَقْتُ الطَّرِيقَ I travelled [or beat] the road. (Msb.) [And hence, app.,] طَرْقٌ signifies also The being quick of pace; [probably as an inf. n.;] or quickness of going along. (Sh, TA.) And طُرِقَتِ الأَرْضُ The ground was beaten so as to be rendered even, or easy to be travelled; and trodden with the feet. (TA.) And طَرَقَ الدَّوَابُّ المَآءَ بِالرِّجْلِ حَتَّى تُكَدِّرَهُ [The beasts beat the water with the foot so as to render it turbid, or muddy]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or طَرَقَتِ الإِبِلُ المَآءَ, (S, O, TA,) aor. as above, (O,) (tropical:) the camels staled and dunged in the water. (S, O, TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) The coming by night; (K, TA;) because he who comes by night [generally] needs to knock at the door; as some say; (TA;) and so طُرُوقٌ [which is the more common in this sense]. (K, TA.) You say, طَرَقَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. طُرُوقٌ, He came by night. (S.) أَتَانَا فُلَانٌ طُرُوقًا (assumed tropical:) Such a one came to us by night. (S.) and طَرَقَ القَوْمَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. طَرْقٌ and طُرُوقٌ, (assumed tropical:) He came to the people, or party, by night. (TA.) And طَرَقَ أَهْلَهُ, (TA,) or طَرَقَ أَهْلَهُ لَيْلًا, (S, O,) inf. n. طُرُوقٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He came to his اهل [meaning wife] by night: (S, * O, TA:) the doing of which by him who has been long absent is forbidden by the Prophet. (O, TA. *) and طَرَقَ النَّجْمُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. طُرُوقٌ, (assumed tropical:) The star, or asterism, rose: and of anything that has come by night, one says طَرَقَ. (Msb.) One says also, طُرِقَ فُلَانٌ (assumed tropical:) Such a one was made an object of [or was visited by or was smitten by] nocturnal accidents or calamities. (TA.) And طَرَقَهُ الزَّمَانُ بِنَوَائِبِهِ (assumed tropical:) [Time, or fortune, visited him, or smote him, with its accidents, or calamities; or did so suddenly, like one knocking at the door in the night]. (TA.) And طَرَقَنِى خَيَالٌ (assumed tropical:) [An apparition, or a phantom, visited me in the night]. (TA.) And طَرَقَنِى هَمٌّ (assumed tropical:) [Anxiety came upon me; or did so suddenly, like one coming in the night]. (TA.) And [hence, app.,] طَرَقَ سَمْعِى

كَذَا (assumed tropical:) [Such a thing struck my ear]: and طُرِقَتْ مَسَامِعِى بِخَيْرٍ (assumed tropical:) [My ears were struck by good tidings]. (TA.) b3: Also The stallion's covering the she-camel; (Msb, K; *) and so طُرُوقٌ; (K, TA;) and طِرَاقٌ likewise [app. another inf. n. of طَرَقَ, as its syn. ضِرَابٌ is of ضَرَبَ]: (TA:) or his leaping her, (S, O, TA,) and covering her. (TA.) You say, طَرَقَ القَحْلُ النَّاقَةَ, (S, O, Msb, TA,) aor. ـُ (S, O, TA,) inf. n. طَرْقٌ, (Msb,) or طُرُوقٌ, (S) or both, (O, TA,) The stallion covered the she-camel: (Msb:) or leaped the she-camel, (S, O, TA,) and covered her. (TA.) b4: And [The practising of pessomancy;] i. q. ضَرْبٌ بِالحَصَى, (S, IAth, O, K,) which is performed by women, (IAth, TA,) or by a diviner; (K;) a certain mode of divination: (S:) or [the practising of geomancy; i. e.] a man's making lines, or marks, upon the ground, with two fingers, and then with one finger, and saying, اِبْنَىْ عِيَانْ أَسْرِعَا البَيَانْ: (Az, O, TA: [see this saying explained, with another description of the process, in the first paragraph of art. خط:]) or it is the making lines, or marks, upon the sand: (TA:) you say, طَرَقَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. طَرْقٌ, He made lines, or marks, with a finger, (&c.,) in divining. (JK.) [See the last sentence in art. جبت.] Also The diviner's mixing cotton with wool when divining. (Lth, K.) b5: And طَرَقْنَا النَّعْجَةَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. طَرْقٌ, We branded the ewe with the mark called طِرَاق. (ISh, O.) A2: طُرِقَ, (K, TA,) like عُنِىَ, (TA,) [inf. n., app., طَرْقٌ, q. v.,] (tropical:) He was, or became, weak in intellect, (K, TA,) and soft. (TA.) A3: طَرِقَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. طَرَقٌ, (Fr, S, O, K,) He (a camel) had a weakness in his knees: (Fr, S, O, K: [see حَلَلٌ:]) or, said of a human being and of a camel, he had a weakness in the knee and in the arm or the fore leg: (TA:) or, said of a camel, he had a crookedness in the سَاق (Lth, * O, * K) of the kind leg, [app. meaning in the thigh,] without the [kind of straddling termed] فَحَج, and with an inclining in the heel. (Lth, O.) b2: [See also طَرَقٌ below.]

A4: طَرِقَ signifies also He drank turbid, or muddy, water, (O, K, TA,) such as is termed [طَرْقٌ and] مَطْرُوقٌ. (TA. [In the K it is said to be, in this sense, like سَمِعَ; which seems to indicate that the inf. n. is طَرْقٌ, not طَرَقٌ.]) 2 طرّق الحَدِيدَةَ: see 1, former half. b2: طرّق طَرِيقًا He made a road plane, or even, so that people travelled it [or beat it with their feet] in their passing along. (TA.) The saying لَا تُطَرِّقُوا المَسَاجِدَ means Make not ye the mosques to be roads [or places of passage]. (TA.) طَرَّقْتُ لَهُ is from الطَّرِيقُ: (S, O:) you say, طرّق لَهَا [app. referring to camels] He made for them a road, or way: (K:) or طرّق لَهُ he gave a way to, or admitted, him, or it. (MA.) b3: طَرَّقَتْ said of the [bird called] قَطَاة, peculiarly, (inf. n. تَطْرِيقٌ, O, K,) She arrived at the time of her egg's coming forth: (As, A'Obeyd, S, O, K:) or she (a قطاة) hollowed out in the ground a place wherein to lay her eggs: as though she made a way for them: so says A Heyth: but the verb may be similarly used of other than the قطاة, metaphorically; whence the saying, قَدْ طَرَّقَتْ بِبِكْرِهَا أُمُّ طَبَقْ i. e. (tropical:) Calamity [has prepared to bring forth her first-born]. (Az, TA.) [Hence, app.,] one says also, ضَرَبَهُ حَتَّى طَرَّقَ بِجَعْرِهِ [He beat him until he gave passage, or was about to give passage, to his ordure]. (As, S, O.) And طرّق لِى, inf. n. تَطْرِيقٌ, signifies أَخْرَجَ [app. meaning He gave forth, or produced, to me something]. (TA.) b4: طَرَّقَتْ بِوَلَدِهَا, said of a camel, means She brought forth with difficulty, her young one sticking fast, and not coming forth easily; and in like manner it is said of a woman: (As, S, O, K:) so in a verse of Ows Ibn-Hajar, cited voce نِفَاسٌ: (O:) or طرّقت said of a woman and of any pregnant female, means the half of her young one came forth, and then it stuck fast. (Lth, TA.) [Hence,] طرّق فُلَانٌ بِحَقِّى (tropical:) Such a one acknowledged my right, or due, after disacknowledging it. (As, S, O, K, TA.) b5: Accord. to Az, (TA,) طرّق الإِبِلَ means He withheld the camels from pasture, (S, O, K, TA,) or from some other thing: (S, O, TA:) Sh, however, says that he knew not this; but that IAar explained طَرَّفْتُ, with ف, as meaning “ I repelled. ” (TA.) b6: أَخَذَ فُلَانٌ فِى التَّطْرِيقِ means (assumed tropical:) Such a one practised artifice and divination. (TA.) A2: طَرَّقْتُ التُّرْسَ I sewed the shield upon another skin: and طَرَّقْتُ النَّعْلَ, inf. n. تَطْرِيقٌ, I made the sole of two pieces of skin, sewing one of them upon the other. (Msb. [See also the next paragraph.]) 3 طَارَقْتُ النَّعْلَ [meaning I sewed another sole upon the sole] is an instance of a verb of the measure فَاعَلَ relating to the act of a single agent. (AAF, TA in art. خدع.) [See also 2, last sentence.] You say also, طارق الرَّجُلُ نَعْلَيْهِ, [inf. n. مُطَارَقَةٌ,] The man put one of his two soles upon the other and sewed them together. (As, TA.) And طارق بَيْنَ نَعْلَيْنِ He sewed one sole upon another. (S, O, K.) And طارق بين الثَّوْبَيْنِ, (S,) or بَيْنَ ثَوْبَيْنِ, (O, K,) and بين الدِّرْعَيْنِ, (TA,) i. q. طَابَقَ, (K,) or ظَاهَرَ, i. e. He put on himself one of the two garments, or one of two garments, [and one of the two coats of mail,] over the other. (S, O.) طُورِقَ is said of anything as meaning It was put one part thereof upon, or above, another; and so ↓ اِطَّرَقَ; (TA;) [and in like manner ↓ أُطْرِقَ; for] one says of shields, يُطْرَقُ بَعْضُهَا عَلَى بَعْضٍ One of them is sewed upon another: (S, O, K:) and أُطْرِقَتْ بِالجِلْدِ وَالعَصَبِ They were clad [or covered] with skin and sinews. (S, O.) b2: طارق الغَمَامُ الظَّلَامَ The clouds followed upon the darkness. (TA.) b3: And طارق الكَلَامَ (tropical:) He practised, or took to, various modes, or manners, in speech; syn. تَفَنَّنَ فِيهِ. (TA.) 4 اطرقهُ فَحْلَهُ He lent him his stallion [camel] to cover his she-camels. (S, O, K.) b2: لَا أَطْرَقَ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْكَ, (O,) or عَلَيْهِ, (K, TA,) means (tropical:) May God not cause thee, or him, to have one whom thou mayest, or whom he may, take to wife, or compress. (O, K, TA.) b3: See also 3, latter part. b4: اطرق رَأْسَهُ He inclined his head [downwards]. (TA.) And أَطْرِقْ بَصَرَكَ Lower thine eyes towards thy breast, and be silent: occurring in a trad. respecting the looking unexpectedly [at one at whom one should not look]. (TA.) And أَطْرَقَ, alone, He bent down his head: (MA:) or he lowered his eyes, looking towards the ground; (S, O, K;) and sometimes the doing so is natural: (TA: [and the same is indicated in the S:]) and it may mean he had a laxness in the eyelids: (A'Obeyd, TA:) or he contracted his eyelids, as though his eye struck the ground: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and he was, or became, silent, (ISk, S, O, K,) accord. to some, by reason of fright, (TA,) not speaking. (ISk, S, O, K.) It is said in a prov., أَطْرِقٌ كَرَا أَطْرِقٌ كَرَا

إِنَّ النَّعَامَ فِى القُرَى

[Lower thine eyes karà: lower thine eyes karà: (كرا meaning the male of the كَرَوَان, a name now given to the stone-curlew, or charadrius ædicnemus:) verily the ostriches are in the towns, or villages]: applied to the self-conceited; (S, O;) and to him who is insufficient, or unprofitable; who speaks and it is said to him, “Be silent, and beware of the spreading abroad of that which thou utterest, for dislike of what may be its result: ” and by the saying انّ النعام فى القرى is meant, they will come to thee and trample thee with their feet: (O:) it is like the saying فَغُضِّ الطَّرْفَ. (S. [See also كَرَوَانٌ: and see also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 30-31.]) It is asserted that when they desire to capture the كرا, and see it from afar, they encompass it, and one of them says, أَطْرِقْ كَرَا إِنَّكَ لَا تُرَى [or لَنْ تُرَى (Meyd in explanation of the preceding prov.) i. e. Lower thine eyes, or be silent, karà: thou wilt not be seen:] until he becomes within reach of it; when he throws a garment over it, and takes it. ('Eyn, TA.) And أَطْرِقْ كَرَا يُحْلَبْ لَكَ [Lower thine eyes, or be silent, karà: milk shall be drawn for thee:] is [a prov., mentioned by Meyd,] said to a stupid person whom one incites to hope for that which is vain, or false, and who believes [what is said to him]. (O.) b5: One says also, اطرق إِلَى اللَّهْوِ (tropical:) He inclined to diversion, sport, or play. (IAar, K, TA.) b6: اطرق اللَّيْلُ عَلَيْهِ: see 8: b7: and اطرقت الإِبِلُ: see 6.

A2: اطرق الصَّيْدَ He set a snare for the beasts, or birds, of the chase. (TA.) b2: And hence, اطرق فُلَانٌ لِفُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) Such a one plotted against such a one by calumny, or slander, in order to throw him into destruction, or into that from which escape would be difficult. (TA.) 5 تطرّق إِلَى كَذَا He found a way to such a thing: (MA:) or he sought to gain access to such a thing. (Er-Rághib, TA.) 6 تَطَارُقٌ signifies The coming consecutively, or being consecutive. (TA.) You say, تطارقت الإِبِلُ The camels came following one another, the head of each. [except the first] being at the tail of the next [before it], whether tied together in a file or not: (TA:) or went away, one after another; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ اِطَّرَقَت; (O, K, TA;) in the S, incorrectly, ↓ أَطْرَقَت; (O, K, TA;) in mentioned in the K, in another part of the art., and there expl. as meaning the followed one another; but the verb in this sense is ↓ اِطَّرَقَت: (TA:) and, (O, K, TA,) as some say, (O, TA,) this last signifies they scattered, or dispersed, themselves upon the roads, and quitted the main beaten tracks: (O, K, TA:) As cited as an ex., (from Ru-beh, TA,) describing camels, (O,) شَتِيتَا ↓ جَآءَتْ مَعًا واطَّرَقَتْ meaning They came together, and went away in a state of dispersion. (S, O, TA.) And you say, تطارق الظَّلَامُ وَالغَمَامُ The darkness and the clouds were, or became, consecutive. (TA.) And تطارقت عَلَيْنَا الأَخْبَارُ [The tidings came to us consecutively]. (TA.) 8 اِطَّرَقَ: see 3. Said of the wing of a bird, (S, TA,) Its feathers overlay one another: (TA:) or it was, or became, abundant and dense [in its feathers]. (S, TA.) And اطّرقت الأَرْضُ The earth became disposed in layers, one above another, being compacted by the rain. (TA.) And اطّرق الحَوْضُ The watering-trough, or tank, had in it [a deposit of] compacted dung, or dung and mud or clay, that had fallen into it. (TA.) and اطّرق عَلَيْهِ اللَّيْلُ, as in the O and L; in the K, erroneously, ↓ أَطْرَقَ; The night came upon him portion upon portion. (TA.) See also 6, in three places.10 استطرقهُ فَحْلًا He desired, or demanded, of him a stallion to cover his she-camels; (S, O, K;) like استضربهُ. (TA.) b2: And استطرقهُ He desired, or demanded, of him the practising of pessomancy (الضَّرْبَ بِالحَصَى), and the looking [or divining] for him therein. (K, * TA.) b3: And He desired, or demanded, of him the [having, or taking, a] road, or way, within some one of his boundaries. (TA.) b4: مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَسْتَطْرِقَ نَصِيبَ الآخَرِ, a phrase used by El-Kudooree, means Without his taking for himself the portion of the other as a road or way [or place of passage]. (Mgh.) And الاِسْتِطْرَاقُ بَيْنَ الصُّفُوفِ, a phrase used by Khwáhar-Zádeh [commonly pronounced KháharZádeh], means The going [or the taking for oneself a way] between the ranks [of the people engaged in prayer]: from الطَّرِيقُ. (Mgh.) And اِسْتَطْرَقْتُ

إِلَى البَابِ I went along a road, or way, to the door. (Msb.) [Hence a phrase in the Fákihet el-Khulafà, p. 105, line 15.] b5: [اسْتَطْرَقَتْ in a verse cited in the K in art. دد is a mistake for استطرفت, with فا: see 10 in art. طرب.]

طَرْقٌ [originally an inf. n., and as such app. signifying An act of striking the lute &c.: and hence,] a species (ضَرْبٌ) of the أَصْوَات [meaning sounds, or airs, or tunes,] of the lute: (TA:) or any صَوْت [i. e. air, or tune], (Lth, O, K, TA,) or any نَغْمَة [i. e. melody], (K, TA,) of the lute and the like, by itself: (Lth, O, K, TA:) you say, تَضْرِبُ هٰذِهِ الجَارِيَةُ كَذَا وَكَذَا طَرْقًا [This girl, or young woman, or female slave, plays such and such airs or tunes, or such and such melodies, of the lute or the like]. (Lth, O, K. *) b2: [Hence, probably,] عِنْدَهُ طُرُوقٌ مِنَ الكَلَامِ, sing. طَرْقٌ, a phrase mentioned by Kr; thought by ISd to mean He has [various] sorts, or species, of speech. (TA.) b3: See also طَرْقَةٌ, in four places.

A2: Also (tropical:) A stallion [camel] covering: (O, K, TA:) pl. طُرُوقٌ and طُرَّاقٌ: (TA:) an inf. n. used as a subst. [or an epithet]: (O, K, TA:) for ذُو طَرْقٍ. (TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) The sperma of the stallion [camel]: (S, K:) a man says to another, أَعِرْنِى

طَرْقَ فَحْلِكَ العَامَ i. e. [Lend thou to me] the sperma, and the covering, (As, TA.) which latter is said to be the original meaning, (TA,) of thy stallion [camel this year]. (As, TA.) And it is said to be sometimes applied metaphorically to (assumed tropical:) The sperma of man: or in relation to man, it may be an epithet, [like as it is sometimes in relation to a stallion-camel, as mentioned above,] and not metaphorical. (TA.) And طَرْقُ الجَمَلِ means also The hire that is given for the camel's covering of the female. (TA in art. شبر.) A3: Also, and ↓ مَطْرُوقٌ, (tropical:) Water (S, O, K, TA) of the rain (S, O, TA) in which camels (S, O, K) and others [i. e. other beasts] have staled, (S,) or waded and staled, (S, * O, K, TA,) and dunged: (S, O, TA:) or stagnant water in which beasts have waded and staled: (Mgh:) and ↓ طَرَقٌ [expressly stated to be مُحَرَّكَة] signifies [the same, or] water that has collected, in which there has been a wading and staling, so that it has become turbid; (TA;) or places where water collects and stagnates (S, O, K, TA) in stony tracts of land; (TA;) and the pl. of this is أَطْرَاقٌ. (TA.) A4: طَرْقٌ also signifies A [snare, trap, gin, or net, such as is commonly called] فَخّ, (IAar, O, K,) or the like thereof; and so ↓ طِرْقٌ: (K: [by Golius and Freytag, this meaning has been assigned to طَرْقَةٌ; and by Freytag, to طِرْقَةٌ also; in consequence of a want of clearness in the K:]) or a snare, or thing by means of which wild animals are taken, like the فَخّ; (Lth, O;) and ↓ طَرَقَةٌ, (S, O, K,) of which the pl. [or coll. gen. n.] is ↓ طَرَقٌ, (S, K,) signifies [the same, or] the snare (حِبَالَة) of the sportsman, (S, O, K,) having [what are termed] كِفَف [pl. of كِفَّةٌ, q. v.]. (S, O) A5: And A palm-tree: of the dial. of Teiyi. (AHn, K.) A6: And (tropical:) Weakness of intellect, (K, TA,) and softness. (TA [See طُرِقَ.]) طُرْقٌ: see طَرْقَةٌ.

A2: [Also a contraction of طُرُقٌ, pl. of طَرِيقٌ, q. v.]

A3: And pl. of طِرَاقٌ [q. v.]. (K.) طِرْقٌ Fat, as a subst.: (S, O, K:) this is the primary signification. (S, O.) [See an ex. voce بِنٌّ.] b2: And Fatness. (AHn, K.) One says, هٰذَا البَعِيرُ مَا بِه طِرْقٌ i. e. This camel has not in him fatness, and fat. (AHn, TA.) It is said to be mostly used in negative phrases. (TA.) b3: And Strength: (S, O, K:) because it mostly arises from fat. (S, O.) One says, مَا بِهِ طِرْقٌ, meaning There is not in him strength. (TA.) The pl. is أَطْرَاقٌ. (TA.) A2: See also طَرْقٌ, last quarter.

طَرَقٌ: see طَرْقٌ, third quarter. b2: Also i. q. مُذَلَّلٌ [applied to a beast, app. to a camel,] meaning Rendered submissive, or tractable; or broken. (TA.) A2: It is also pl. of ↓ طَرَقَةٌ, [or rather is a coll. gen. n. of which the n. un. is طَرَقَةٌ,] (S, O, K,) which latter signifies A row of bricks in a wall, or of other things, (S, O,) or [particularly] of palm-trees. (As, TA.) b2: Also, ↓ the latter, [as is expressly stated in the TA, and indicated in the S and O, (آثارُ and بَعْضُهَا in the CK being mistakes for آثارِ and بَعْضِهَا,)] The foot-marks [or track] of camels following near after one another. (S, O, K.) You say, وَاحِدَةٍ ↓ جَآءَتِ الإِبِلُ عَلَى طَرَقَةٍ The camels came upon one track [or in one line]; like as you say, عَلَى خُفٍّ وَاحِدٍ. (S, O. [See also a similar phrase voce مِطْرَاقٌ.]) And Aboo-Turáb mentions, as a phrase of certain of BenooKiláb, الإِبِلِ ↓ مَرَرْتُ عَلَى طَرَقَةِ and عَرَقَتِهَا, meaning I went upon the track of the camels. (TA.) b3: See also طَرْقٌ, last quarter.

A3: Also, i. e. طَرَقٌ, A duplicature, or fold, (ثِنْى, in the CK [erroneously] ثَنْى,) of a water-skin: (S, O, K:) and أَطْرَاقٌ is its pl., (S, O,) signifying its duplicatures, or folds, (S, O, K,) when it is bent, (O,) or when it is doubled, or folded, (S, K,) and bent. (S.) b2: And أَطْرَاقُ البَطْنِ The parts of the belly that lie one above another (K, TA) when it is wrinkled: pl. of طَرَقٌ. (TA.) b3: طَرَقٌ in the feathers of a bird is their Overlying one another: (S, O, K, TA:) or, accord. to the A, it is softness and flaccidity therein. (TA.) b4: [Also inf. n. of طَرِقَ, q. v.]

طَرْقَةٌ A time; one time; syn. مَرَّةٌ; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ طَرْقٌ, (O, K,) and ↓ طُرْقَةٌ and ↓ طُرْقٌ. (K.) You say, اِخْتَضَبَتِ المَرْأَةُ طَرْقَةً, (S, O,) or طَرْقَتَيْنِ, (S,) or ↓ طَرْقًا, (K,) or ↓ طَرْقَيْنِ, (O, K,) [&c.,] i. e. [The woman dyed her hands with hinnà] once, or twice. (S, O, K.) And أَنَا آتِى, فُلَانًا فِى اليَوْمِ طَرْقَتَيْنِ, (S, K,) and ↓ طَرْقَيْنِ, (O, K,) &c., (K,) i. e. (tropical:) [I come to such a one in the day] twice. (S, O, TA.) And هُوَ أَحْسَنُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ

بِعِشْرِينَ طَرْقَةً (assumed tropical:) [He is better than such a one by twenty times]. (A, TA.) A2: طَرْقَةُ الطَّرِيقِ meansThe main and middle part, or the distinct [beaten] track, of the road. (TA.) b2: And هٰذِهِ النَّبْلُ طَرْقَةُ رِجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ [These arrows are] the work, or manufacture, of one man. (S, O, K. *) A3: See also طِرِّيقَةٌ.

طُرْقَةٌ i. q. طَرِيقٌ, q. v. (K.) b2: And sing. of طُرَقٌ signifying The beaten tracks in roads; and of طُرُقَات in the phrase طُرُقَاتُ الإِبِلِ meaning the tracks of the camels following one another consecutively. (TA.) b3: Also A way, or course, that one pursues (طَرِيقَةٌ) to a thing. (K.) b4: and (assumed tropical:) A custom, manner, habit, or wont. (S, O, K.) One says, مَا زَالَ ذٰلِكَ طُرْقَتَكَ (assumed tropical:) That ceased not to be thy custom, &c. (S, O.) b5: And A line, or streak, (طَرِيقَةٌ,) in things that are sewed, or put, one upon another. (K, * TA: [المُطارَقَةُ in the CK is a mistake for المطارقةِ:]) as also ↓ طِرْقَةٌ. (K.) b6: And A line, or streak, in a bow: or lines, or streaks, therein: pl. طُرَقٌ: (K:) or its pl., i. e. طُرَقٌ, has the latter meaning. (S, O.) b7: And Stones one upon another. (O, K.) A2: Also Darkness. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) One says, جِئْتُهُ فِى طُرْقَةِ اللَّيْلِ [I came to him in the darkness of night]. (TA.) A3: And i. q. مَطْمَعٌ [app. as meaning Inordinate desire, though it also means a thing that is coveted], (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) or طَمَعٌ [which has both of these meanings]. (K.) [That the former is the meaning here intended I infer from the fact that Sgh immediately adds what here follows.] b2: IAar says, (O,) فِى فُلَانٍ

طُرْقَةٌ means In such a one is تَخْنِيث [i. e., app., a certain unnatural vice; see 2 (last sentence) in art. خنث]: (O, TA:) and so فِيهِ تَوْضِيعٌ. (TA.) A4: See also طَرْقَةٌ.

A5: Also Foolish; stupid; or unsound, or deficient, in intellect or understanding. (O, K.) A6: [Freytag adds, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees, that it signifies also A prey (præda).]

طِرْقَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

طَرَقَةٌ: see طَرَقٌ, in four places: b2: and see also طَرْقٌ, last quarter. b3: One says also, وَضَعَ الأَشْيَآءَ طَرَقَةً طَرَقَةً i. e. He put the things one upon another; and so ↓ طَرِيقَةً طَرِيقَةً. (TA.) طُرَقَةٌ (tropical:) A man who journeys by night in order that he may come to his أَهْل [meaning wife] in the night: (S, O, TA:) or one who journeys much by night. (L in art. خشف.) طِرَاقٌ (of which طُرْقٌ is the pl. [app. in all its senses]) Any sole that is sewed upon another sole so as to make it double, (S, * O, K,) matching the latter exactly: (O, K:) [this is called طِرَاقُ نَعْلٍ; for it is said that] طِرَاقُ النَّعْلِ signifies that with which the sole is covered, and which is sewed upon it. (S.) b2: And The skin [meaning sole] of a sandal, (Lth, O, K,) when the [thong, or strap, called] شِرَاك has been removed from it. (Lth, O.) El-Hárith Ibn-Hillizeh [in the 13th verse of his Mo'allakah, using it in a pl. sense,] applies it to the Soles that are attached to the feet of camels: (TA:) or he there means by it the marks left by the طراق of a she-camel. (EM p. 259.) And A piece of skin cut in a round form, of the size of a shield, and attached thereto, and sewed. (O, K.) b3: And Anything made to match, or correspond with, another thing. (Lth, O, K.) b4: Iron that is expanded, and then rounded, and made into a helmet (Lth, O, K) or a [kind of armlet called]

سَاعِد (Lth, O) and the like. (Lth, O, K.) and Any قَبِيلَة [i. e. plate, likened to a قبيلة of the head,] of a helmet, by itself. (Lth, O.) and Plates, of a helmet, one above another. (TA) b5: رِيشٌ طِرَاقٌ Feathers overlying one another. (S.) And طَائِرٌ طِرَاقُ الرِّيشِ A bird whose feathers overlie one another. (TA.) A2: Also A brand made upon the middle of the ear of a ewe, (En-Nadr, O, K,) externally; being a white line, made with fire, resembling a track of a road: (En-Nadr, O:) there are two such brands, called طِرَاقَانِ. (TA.) A3: See also طِرِّيقَةٌ.

طَرِيقٌ A road, way, or path; syn. سَبِيلٌ; (S;) [i. e. a beaten track, being of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ; and applied to any place of passage;] and ↓ طُرْقَةٌ signifies the same: (K:) [see also مُسْتَطْرَقٌ:] it is masc. (S, O, Msb, K *) in the dial. of Nejd, and so in the Kur xx. 79; (Msb;) and fem. (S, O, Msb, K) in the dial. of El-Hijáz: (Msb:) the latter accord. to general usage: (MF:) [see زُقَاقٌ:] the pl. [of pauc.] is أَطْرِقَةٌ (S, Msb, K) with those who make the sing. masc. (Msb) and أَطْرُقٌ (O, K) with those who make the sing. fem. (TA) and [of mult.] طُرُقٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and طُرْقٌ [of which see an ex. voce دِلَالَةٌ] (K) and أَطْرِقَآءُ, (O, K,) and طُرُقَاتٌ is a pl. pl. (Msb, K) i. e. pl. of طُرُقٌ. (Msb, TA.) b2: In the saying بَنُو فُلَانٍ

يَطَؤُهُمُ الطَّرِيقُ, accord. to Sb, الطَّرِيقُ is for أَهْلُ الطَّلرِيقِ: [the meaning therefore is, (assumed tropical:) The sons of such a one sojourn, or encamp, where the people of the road tread upon them, i. e., become their guests: (see more in art. وطأ:)] or, as some say, الطريق here means the wayfarers without any suppression. (TA.) b3: حَقُّ الطَّرِيقِ [The duty relating to the road] is the lowering of the eyes; the putting away, or aside, what is hurtful, or annoying; the returning of salutations; the enjoining of that which is good; and the forbidding of that which is evil. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer. See جَلَسَ.) b4: قَطَعَ الطَّرِيقَ [He intercepted the road] means he made the road to be feared, relying upon his strength, robbing, and slaying men [or passengers]. (Msb in art. قطع.) [And أَصَابَ الطَّرِيقَ means the same; or, as expl. by Freytag, on the authority of Meyd, He was, or became, a robber.] b5: [Hence,] اِبْنُ الطَّرِيقِ means (assumed tropical:) The robber [on the highway]. (T in art. بنى.) b6: [But أَهْلُ طَرِيقِ اللّٰهِ means (assumed tropical:) The devotees.] b7: أُمُّ طَرِيقٍ, thus correctly in the 'Eyn, [and shown to be so by a verse there cited, q. v. voce عَسْبٌ,] (assumed tropical:) The hyena: erroneously written by Sgh, ↓ امّ طُرَّيْقٍ; and the author of the K has copied him in this instance accord. to his usual custom. (TA.) b8: See also أُمُّ الطَّرِيقِ and أُمَّةُ الطَّرِيقِ in art. ام. b9: بَنَاتُ الطَّرِيقِ means (assumed tropical:) The branches of the road, that vary, and lead in any, or every, direction. (TA.) b10: طَرِيقٌ signifies also The space between two rows of palm-trees; as being likened to the طَرِيق [commonly so called] in extension. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b11: أَخَذَ فُلَانٌ فِى الطَّرِيقِ means the same as أَخَذَ فِى التَّطْرِيقِ [expl. before: see 2, near the end]. (TA.) b12: طَرِيقٌ as syn. with طَرِيقَةٌ: see the latter word, first sentence. b13: [بِالطَّرِيقِ الأَوْلَى is a phrase of frequent occurrence, app. post-classical; lit. By the fitter way; meaning with the stronger reason; à fortiori: see an ex. in Beyd xlii. 3, and De Sacy's Anthol. Gr. Ar. p. 467.]

A2: Also A sort of palm-tree. (TA.) b2: See also طَرِيقَةٌ (of which it is said to be a pl.), last sentence.

طُرَيْقٌ: see أُطَيْرِقٌ.

طَرُوقَةٌ A she-camel covered by the stallion; of the measure فَعُولَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ. (Msb.) طَرُوقَةُ الفَحْلِ means The female of the stallion [camel]. (S, O.) And (S, O) A she-camel that has attained to the fit age for her being covered by the stallion: (S, O, Msb, K:) it is not a condition of the application of the term that he has already covered her: (Msb:) or a young, or youthful, she-camel that has attained to that age and kept to the stallion and been chosen by him. (TA.) And one says to a husband, كَيْفَ طَرُوقَتُكَ, meaning (assumed tropical:) How is thy wife? (TA:) every wife is termed طَرُوقَةُ زَوْجِهَا, (O,) or طروقة بَعْلِهَا, (Msb,) or طروقة فَحْلِهَا; (K, * TA;) which is thought by ISd to be metaphorical. (TA.) b2: One says also, نَوَّخَ اللّٰهُ الأَرْضَ طَرُوقَةً

لِلْمَآءِ i. e. (assumed tropical:) God made, or may God make, the land capable of receiving the water [of the rains so as to be impregnated, or fertilized, or soaked, thereby]; expl. by جَعَلَهَا مِمَّا تُطِيقُهُ. (S in art. نوخ.) [See also a verse cited in art. سفد, conj. 4.]

طَرِيقَةٌ A way, course, rule, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like, (syn. مَذْهَبٌ, S, TA, and سِيرَةٌ, and مَسْلَكٌ, TA,) of a man, (S, TA,) whether it be approved or disapproved; (TA;) as also ↓ طَرِيقٌ, which is metaphorically used in this sense: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [like مَذْهَبٌ, often relating to the doctrines and practices of religion: and often used in post-classical times as meaning the rule of a religious order or sect:] and meaning also a manner of being; a state, or condition; (syn. حَالَةٌ, S, or حَالٌ, O, K;) as in the saying, مَا زَالَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى طَرِيقَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ [Such a one ceased not to be in one state, or condition]; (S;) and it is applied to such as is good and to such as is evil. (O.) One says also, هُوَ عَلَى

طَرِيقَتِهِ [He is following his own way, or course]. (TA voce جَدِيَّةٌ.) لَوِ اسْتَقَامُوا عَلَى الطَّرِيقَةِ, in the Kur [lxxii. 16], means, accord. to Fr, [If they had gone on undeviating in the way] of polytheism: but accord. to others, of the right direction. (O.) [The pl. is طَرَائِقُ.] b2: [It is also used for أَهْلُ طَرِيقَةٍ: and in like manner the pl., for أَهْلُ طَرَائِقَ. Thus,] كُنَّا طَرَائِقَ قِدَدًا, in the Kur [lxxii. 11], means (assumed tropical:) We were sects differing in our desires. (Fr, S, O. [See also قِدَّةٌ.]) And طَرِيقَةُ القَوْمِ means (tropical:) The most excel-lent, (S, O, K, TA,) and the best, (S, O,) and the eminent, or noble, persons, (K, TA,) of the people: (S, O, K, TA:) and you say, هٰذَا رَجُلٌ طَرِيقَةُ قَوْمِهِ (tropical:) [This is a man the most excellent, &c., of his people]: and هٰؤُلَآءِ طَرِيقَةُ قَوْمِهِمْ and طَرَائِقُ قَوْمِهِمْ (tropical:) These are [the most excellent, &c., or] the eminent, or noble, persons of their people: (S, O, K, * TA:) so says Yaakoob, on the authority of Fr. (S, O, TA.) وَيَذْهَبَا بِطَرِيقَتِكُمُ المُثْلَى, in the Kur [xx. 66], means [And that they may take away] your most excellent body of people: (O:) or your eminent, or noble, body of people who should be made examples to be followed: and Zj thinks that بطريقتكم is for بِأَهْلِ طَرِيقَتِكُم: (TA:) or, accord. to Akh, the meaning is, your established rule or usage, and your religion, or system of religious ordinances. (O, TA.) b3: [Also (assumed tropical:) The way, or course, of an event: and hence,] طَرَائِقُ الدَّهْرِ means (assumed tropical:) The vicissitudes of time or fortune. (TA.) b4: [And (assumed tropical:) The air of a song &c.: but this is probably post-classical.] b5: Also A line, streak, or stripe, in a thing: (K, TA:) [and a crease, or wrinkle; often used in this sense:] and [its pl.] طَرَائِقُ signifies the lines, or streaks, that are called حُبُك, of a helmet. (TA.) The طَرِيقَة [or line] that is in the upper part of the back: and the line, or streak, that extends upon [i. e. along] the back of the ass. (TA.) [A vein, or seam, in a rock or the like. A track in stony or rugged land &c. A narrow strip of ground or land, and of herbage.] An extended piece or portion [i. e. a strip] of sand; and likewise of fat; and [likewise of flesh; or] an oblong piece of flesh. (TA.) b6: [Hence, app.,] ثَوْبٌ طَرَائِقُ A garment old and worn out [as though reduced to strips or shreds]. (Lh, K.) b7: ذَاتُ طَرَائِقَ and فِيهَا طَرَائِقُ are phrases used, the latter by Dhu-r-Rummeh, in describing a spear-shaft (قَنَاة) shrunk by dryness [app. meaning Having lines, or what resemble wrinkles, caused by shrinking]. (TA.) b8: And طَرَائِقُ signifies also The last remains of the soft and best portions of pasturage. (TA.) b9: And The stages of Heaven; so called because they lie one above another: (TA:) [for] السَّمٰوَاتُ سَبْعُ طَرَائِقَ بَعْضُهَا فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ

[The Heavens are seven stages, one above another]; (Lth, O, TA:) and they have mentioned [likewise] the stages of the earth [as seven in number: and of hell also: see دَرَكٌ]. (TA.) See also طَرَقَةٌ. b10: Accord. to Lth, (O, TA,) طَرِيقَةٌ signifies also Any أُحْدُورَة, (so in the O and in copies of the K and accord. to the TA, and thus also in the JK,) or أُخْدُودَة, (thus accord. to the CK,) [neither of which words have I found in any but this passage, nor do I know any words nearly resembling them except أُحْدُور and أُخْدُود, of which they may be mistranscriptions, or perhaps dial. vars., the former signifying a declivity, slope, or place of descent, and the latter a furrow, trench, or channel,] of the earth or ground: (O, K, TA:) or [any] border, or side, (صَنِفَة,) of a garment, or piece of cloth; or of a thing of which one part is stuck upon another, or of which the several portions are stuck one upon another; and in like manner of colours [similarly disposed]. (O, TA.) b11: And A web, or thing woven, of wool, or of [goats'] hair, a cubit in breadth, (S, O, K, TA,) or less, (S, O, TA,) and in length four cubits, or eight cubits, (TA,) [or] proportioned to the size of the tent (S, O, K, TA) in its length, (S, O,) which is sewed in the place where the شِقَاق [or oblong pieces of cloth that compose the main covering of the tent] meet, from the كِسْر [q. v.] to the كِسْر; (S, O, K, TA;) [it is app. sewed beneath the middle of the tent-covering, half of its breadth being sewed to one شُقَّة and the other half thereof to the other middle شُقَّة; (see Burckhardt's

“ Bedouins and Wahábys,” p. 38 of the 8vo ed.;) and sometimes, it seems, there are three طَرَائِق, one in the middle and one towards each side; for it is added,] and in them are the heads of the tentpoles, [these generally consisting of three rows, three in each row,] between which and the طرائق are pieces of felt, in which are the nozzles (أُنُوف) of the tent-poles, in order that these may not rend the طرائق. (TA.) b12: Also A tent pole; any one of the poles of a tent: a خِبَآء has one طريقة: a بَيْت has two and three and four [and more]: and the part between two poles is called مَتْنٌ: (Az, TA in art. زبع:) or the pole of a [large tent such as is called] مِظَلَّة, (K, TA,) and of a خِبَآء. (TA.) b13: And A tall palm-tree: (K:) or the tallest of palm-trees: so called in the dial. of ElYemámeh: (AA, ISk, S, O:) or a smooth palmtree: or a palm-tree [the head of] which may be reached by the hand: (TA:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ طَرِيقٌ. (AA, ISk, S, O.) طِرَّاقٌ: see طِرْيَاقٌ.

أُمُّ طُرَّيْقٍ: see طَرِيقٌ, latter part.

طِرِّيقٌ means كَثِيرُ الإِطْرَاقِ [i. e. One who lowers his eyes, looking towards the ground, much, or often; or who keeps silence much, or often]; (Lth, O, K;) applied to a man: (Lth, O:) and ↓ مِطْرَاقٌ signifies [the same, or] one who keeps silence much, or often; as also ↓ مُطْرِقٌ [except that this does not imply muchness or frequency]. (TA.) b2: And The male of the [bird called] كَرَوَان; (Lth, O, K;) because, when it sees a man, it falls upon the ground and is silent. (Lth, O.) [See 4.] b3: أَرْضٌ طِرِّيقَةٌ Soft, or plain, land or ground; (O, K;) as though beaten so as to be rendered even, or easy to be travelled, and trodden with the feet. (TA.) طِرِّيقَةٌ [fem. of طِرِّيقٌ: see what next precedes.

A2: And also a subst., signifying] Gentleness and submissiveness: (S, O:) or softness, or flaccidity, and gentleness: (O, K:) and softness, or flaccidity, and languor, or affected languor, and weakness, in a man; as also ↓ طَرْقَةٌ and ↓ طِرَاقٌ. (TA.) One says, تَحْتَ طِرِّيقَتِكَ لَعِنْدَأْوَةٌ (S, O, K) i. e. Beneath thy gentleness and submissiveness is occasionally somewhat of hardness: (S, O, TA:) or beneath thy silence is impetuosity, and refractoriness: (TA:) or beneath thy silence is deceit, or guile. (K, voce عِنْدَأْوَةٌ, q. v.) طِرْيَاقٌ i. q. تِرْيَاقٌ [q. v.], (O, K,) as also دِرْيَاقٌ; (O;) and so ↓ طِرَّاقٌ. (O, K.) طَارِقٌ [act. part. n. of طَرَقَ; and, as such, generally meaning] Coming, or a comer, (S,) [i. e.] anything coming, (O, Msb,) by night: (S, O, Msb:) one who comes by night being thus called because of his [generally] needing to knock at the door: in the Mufradát [of Er-Rághib] said to signify a wayfarer (سَالِكٌ لِلطَّرِيقِ): but in the common conventional language particularly applied to the comer by night: its pl. is أَطْرَاقٌ, like أَنْصَارٌ pl. of نَاصِرٌ, [and app., as in a sense hereafter mentioned, طُرَّاقٌ also, agreeably with analogy,] and the pl. of [its fem.] طَارِقَةٌ is طَوَارِقُ. (TA.) [طَارِقُ المَنَايَا, like دَاعِى المَنَايَا, means The summoner of death, lit., of deaths; because death makes known its arrival or approach suddenly, like a person knocking at the door in the night.] b2: Hence الطَّارِقُ, mentioned in the Kur [lxxxvi. 1 and 2], The star that appears in the night: (Er-Rághib, O:) or the morning-star; (S, O, K;) because it comes [or appears] in [the end of] the night. (O.) b3: Hence the saying of Hind (S, O) the daughter of 'Otbeh the son of Rabee'ah, on the day [of the battle] of Ohud, quoting proverbially what was said by Ez-Zarkà

El-Iyádeeyeh when Kisrà warred with Iyád, (O,) لَا نَنْثَنِى لِوَامِقِ نَحْنُ بَنَاتُ طَارِقِ نَمْشِى عَلَى النَّمَارِقِ (assumed tropical:) [We are the daughters of one like a star, or a morning-star: we bend not to a lover: we walk upon the pillows]: (S, * O, * TA:) meaning we are the daughters of a chief; likening him to the star in elevation; (O, TA;) i. e. our father is, in respect of elevation, like the shining star: (S:) or بَنَاتُ طَارِقٍ means (assumed tropical:) The daughters of the kings. (T and TA in art. بنى.) b4: And طَارِقٌ signifies also [A diviner: and particularly, by means of pebbles; a practiser of pessomancy: or] one who is nearly a كَاهِن; possessing more knowledge than such as is termed حَازٍ: (ISh, TA in art. حزى:) طُرَّاقٌ [is its p., and] signifies practisers of divination: and طَوَارِقُ [is pl. of طَارِقَةٌ, and thus] signifies female practisers of divination: Lebeed says, لَعَمْرُكَ مَا تَدْرِى الطَّوَارِقُ بِالحَصَى

وَلَا زَاجِرَاتُ الطَّيْرِ مَا اللّٰهُ صَانِعُ [By thy life, or by thy religion, the diviners with pebbles know not, nor the diviners by the flight of birds, what God is doing]. (S, O.) طَارِقَةٌ [a subst. from طَارِقٌ, made so by the affix ة, (assumed tropical:) An event occurring, or coming to pass, in the night: pl. طَوَارِقُ]. One says, نَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ طَوَارِقِ السَّوْءِ (tropical:) [We seek protection by God from] the nocturnal events or accidents or casualties [that are occasions of that which is evil]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) And طَارِقَةٌ occurring in a trad. of 'Alee is expl. as signifying طَرَقَتْ بِخَيْرٍ [app. meaning An event that has occurred in the night bringing good, or good fortune]. (TA.) A2: Also A man's [small sub-tribe such as is called] عَشِيرَة, (S, O, K,) and [such as is called] فَخِذ. (S, O.) A3: And A small couch, (IDrd, O, K,) of a size sufficient for one person: of the dial. of El-Yemen. (IDrd, O.) A4: [El-Makreezee mentions the custom of attaching طَوَارِق حَرْبِيَّة upon the gates of Cairo and upon the entrances of the houses of the أُمَرَآء; and De Sacy approves of the opinion of A. Schultens and of M. Reinaud that the meaning is Cuirasses, from the Greek θώραξ: (see De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., vol. i. pp. 274-5:) but I think that the meaning is more probably large maces; for such maces, each with a head like a cannon-ball, may still be seen, if they have not been removed within the last few years, upon several of the gates of Cairo; and if so, طَوَارِق in this case is app. from طَرَقَ “ he beat: ” see also عَمُودٌ.]

طَارِقِيَّةٌ A قِلَادَة [i. e. collar, or necklace]: (K:) [or rather] a sort of قَلَائِد [pl. of قِلَادَة]. (Lth, O.) أَطْرَقُ A camel having the affection termed طَرَقٌ, inf. n. of طَرِقَ [q. v.]: fem. طَرْقَآءُ: (S, O, K:) and the latter is said by Lth to be applied to the hind leg as meaning having the crookedness termed طَرَقٌ in its سَاق. (O.) أُطَيْرِقٌ and ↓ طُرَيْقٌ A sort of palm-tree of El-Hijáz, (AHn, O, K,) that is early in bearing, before the other palm-trees; the ripening and ripe dates of which are yellow: (O:) AHn also says, in one place, the اطيرق is a species of palm-trees, the earliest in bearing of all the palm-trees of El-Hijáz; and by certain of the poets such are called الطُّرَيْقُونَ and الأُطَيْرِقُونَ. (TA.) تُرْسٌ مُطْرَقٌ [A shield having another sewed upon it: or covered with skin and sinews]: (S:) and مَجَانُّ مُطْرَقَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) or ↓ مُطَرَّقَةٌ, (O, Msb, K,) Shields sewed one upon another; (S, O, K;) formed of two skins, one of them sewed upon the other; (Msb;) like نَعْلٌ مُطْرَقَةٌ a sole having another sole sewed upon it; as also ↓ مُطَارَقَةٌ: (S, O, K:) or shields clad [i. e. covered] with skin and sinews. (S, O.) كَأَنَّ وُجُوهَهُمُ المَجَانُّ المُطْرَقَةُ, or ↓ المُطَرَّقَةُ, occurring in a trad., (Msb, TA,) i. e. [As though their faces were] shields clad with sinews one above another, (TA,) means (assumed tropical:) having rough, or coarse, and broad, faces. (Msb, TA.) b2: And رِيشٌ مُطْرَقٌ Feathers overlying one another. (TA.) مُطْرِقٌ Having a natural laxness of the eye [or rather of the eyelids, and a consequent lowering of the eye towards the ground]: (S, O:) [or bending down the head: or lowering the eyes, looking towards the ground; either naturally or otherwise: (see its verb, 4:)] and silent, or keeping silence. (TA. See also طِرِّيقٌ.) b2: It is also applied as an epithet to a stallion-camel: and to a [she-camel such as is termed] جُمَالِيَّة [i. e. one resembling a he-camel in greatness of make], and, thus applied, [and app. likewise when applied to a stallion-camel,] it may mean That does not utter a grumbling cry, nor vociferate: or, accord. to Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, [quick in pace, for he says that] it is from طَرْقٌ signifying “ quickness of going. ” (Sh, TA.) b3: See also مِطْرَاقٌ, last sentence. b4: And, applied to a man, (tropical:) Low, ignoble, or mean, (K, TA,) in race, or parentage, or in the grounds of pretension to respect or honour. (TA.) A2: Also An enemy: from أَطْرَقَ فُلَانٌ لِفُلَانٍ expl. above [see 4, last sentence]. (TA.) مِطْرَقٌ: see the next paragraph.

مِطْرَقَةٌ The rod, or stick, with which wool is beaten, (S, O, K, TA,) to loosen it, or separate it; (S, * O, * TA;) as also ↓ مِطْرَقٌ. (O, K, TA.) And A rod, or stick, or small staff, with which one is beaten: pl. مَطَارِقُ: one says, ضَرَبَهُ بِالمَطَارِقِ He beat him with the rods, &c. (TA.) b2: and The implement [i. e. hammer] (S, Mgh, O, Msb) of the blacksmith, (S, O,) with which the iron is beaten. (Mgh, Msb.) ذَهَبٌ مُطَرَّقٌ Stamped, or minted, gold; syn. مَسْكُوكٌ. (TA.) b2: And نَاقَةٌ مُطَرَّقَةٌ [like مَطْرُوقَةٌ (q. v.)] (assumed tropical:) A she-camel rendered tractable, submissive, or manageable. (TA.) b3: And جُلٌّ مُطَرَّقٌ [A horse-cloth] in which are [various] colours [app. forming طَرَائِق, i. e. lines, streaks, or stripes]. (O.) b4: See also مُطْرَقٌ, in two places.

قَطَاةٌ مُطَرِّقٌ [thus without ة] A bird of the species called قَطًا that has arrived at the time of her egg's coming forth. (S.) [See also مُعَضِّلٌ.]

مِطْرَاقٌ: see طِرِّيقٌ.

A2: Also A she-camel recently covered by the stallion. (O, TA.) A3: And pl. of مَطَارِيق in the saying جَآءَتِ الإِبِلُ مَطَارِيقَ (TA) which means The camels came in one طَرِيق [i. e. road, or way]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or the camels came following one another (S, O, K, * TA) when drawing near to the water. (O, K, TA. [See also a similar phrase voce طَرَقٌ.]) b2: [Hence,] مِطْرَاقُ الشَّىْءِ signifies That which follows the thing; and the like of the thing: (K:) one says, هٰذَا مِطْرَاقُ هٰذَا This is what follows this; and the like of this: (S, O:) and the pl. is مَطَارِيقُ. (S.) b3: And مَطَارِيقُ signifies also Persons going on foot: (K:) one says, خَرَجَ القَوْمُ مَطَارِيقَ The people, or party, went forth going on foot; having no beasts: and the sing. is مِطْرَاقٌ, (O,) or ↓ مُطْرِقٌ, ('Eyn, L, * TA, *) accord. to A 'Obeyd; the latter, if correct, extr. (TA.) مَطْرُوقٌ [pass. part. n. of طَرَقَ; Beaten, &c.].

هُوَ مَطْرُوقٌ means He is one whom every one beats or slaps (يَطْرُقُــهُ كُلُّ أَحَدٍ). (TA.) b2: And (tropical:) A man in whom is softness, or flaccidity, (As, S, O, K, TA,) and weakness: (As, S:) or weakness and softness: (TA:) or softness and flaccidity: from the saying هُوَ مَطْرُوقٌ i. e. اصابته حادثة كتفته [which, if we should read كَتَفَتْهُ, seems to mean he is smitten by an event, or accident, that has disabled him as though it bound his arms behind his back; but I think it probable that كتفته is a mistranscription]: or because he is مصروف [app. a mistake for مَضْرُوب], like as one says مَقْرُوع and مَدَوَّخ [app. meaning beaten and subdued, or rendered submissive]: or as being likened, in abjectness, to a she-camel that is termed مَطْرُوقَةٌ [like مَطَرَّقَةٌ (q. v.)]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) مَطْرُوقَةٌ applied to a woman means [app. Soft and feminine;] that does not make herself like a man. (TA.) [See also a reading of a verse cited voce مَطْرُوفٌ.] b3: Also (tropical:) Weak in intellect, (K, TA,) and soft. (TA.) b4: Applied to herbage, Smitten by the rain after its having dried up. (Ibn-'Abbád, L, K.) b5: See also طَرْقٌ, latter half. Applied to a ewe, مَطْرُوقَةٌ signifies Branded with the mark called طِرَاق upon the middle of her ear. (ISh, O, K.) مُطَارَقٌ: see its fem., with ة, voce مُطْرَقٌ.

مُسْتَطْرَقٌ (tropical:) i. q. سِكَّةٌ [app. as meaning A road, like طَرِيقٌ; or a highway]. (TA.) مُنْطَرِقَاتٌ Mineral substances. (TA.)

قطر: قطر. قطر في الشخاخ: بال قطرة قطرة (بوشر). قطر. يقال سيفه يقطر بالدماء: سالت الدماء، قطرات قطرة بعد قطرة. (بوشر).
قطر مركبا: جر مركبا وسحب مركبا وراء مركبة (بوشر، همبرت ص121).
قطر (بالتشديك). تقطير البول عند الأطباء: هو أن يخرج البول قليلاً قليلا. (الجريدة الآسيوية 1853، 1: 348، محيط المحيط).
قطر: أغلى السائل حتى تبخر ثم سال بخاره بالتبريد قطرة قطرة. (الكالا، محيط المحيط، بوشر، همبرت ص93، المقدمة 3: 192، ابن العوام 1: 22).
تقطير اليبوسة: تصعيد بالطريقة الجافة أي بخلاف وضع ما يراد تسخينه في إناء يوشع في ماء سخن (ابن العوام 2: 407) وهو ضد تقطير الرطوبة (ابن العوام 2: 408).
قطر: قطر: سال قطرة قطرة. (بوشر).
قطر: سال، جرى. (بوشر).
قطر: طلى بالقطران. (ابن العوام 2: 541).
قطر: ذكرت في عبارة ديوان الهذليين، (ص171) في شرح البيت الرابع وهي: ويقال قطره عن فرسه وقطره الفرس أي رمى به وتقطر هو. وقد اصبح هذان الفعلان بعد مدة قنطر (انظره) وتقنطر.
تقطر الماء: سال قطرة قطرة. (محيط المحيط) وفي معجم فوك: نقط، شلشل.
تقطر الفارس: تجدل وصرع. انظرها في مادة قطر.
تقاطر. عليه ارحية كثيرة متقاطرة: ارحية كثيرة أنشئت على صف واحد متتابعة. (أماري ص8) نقطتان متقاطرتان: نقطتان متقابلتان من طرف قطر الدائرة إلى الطرف الآخر. (بوشر).
استقطر: قطر، صعد. (همبرت ص93، هلو) وفي ابن البيطار (1: 130): وإن استقطرت هذه البقلة حدثت فيها قرنفلية.
قطر: عند المولدين سكر يذاب بالماء ثم يغلى على النار حتى يأخذ قوامه ويستعمل في بعض الحلويات مكان العسل. (محيط المحيط).
وقد أخبرني السيد دي غويه إنه قطر النبات وأنه سيكتب مقالة مطولة عنه في المعجم الذي ينوي أن يلحقه في طبعته للمكتبة الجغرافية.
قطر مكة: دم التنين ودم الصعبان، عرق، خمر. (بوشر).
قطر الميزاب: أسم للبحر السادس عشر من بحور الشعر وهو المتدارك وذلك حين تسكن عين فعلن فيه فتكون فعلن (محيط المحيط ص 357).
عسل قطر: في ألف ليلة (4: 678): ما عندي عسل نحل وإنما عندي عسل قطر أحسن من عسل النحل وماذا يضر إذا كانت بعسل قطر. وقد ترجمها لين إلى الإنجليزية (3: 728 رقم 5) بما معناه: نوع جيد من العسل الأسود أو قند.
قطر: تصحيف قطر. (محيط المحيط) وفيه: وقطر الشام ونحوها الإقليم الواقعة فيه وأقطار الدنيا جهاتها الأربع.
قطر، وجمع الجمع اقاطير، ويقال: أربعة اقاطير الأرض أي أربعة نواحي الأرض. (بوشر). قطر- نوع، صنف. طيقة (المقدمة 2: 32/ 4). قطر- قطر دائرة. مكيال. قطر عمود. قطر سكة النقد، نصف قطر (من اصطلاحات المساحة). شعاع (بوشر).
قطرا= كهربا. لون اصفر ذهبي كهرمان أصفر (المستعيني: انظر الكهرمان الأصفر لديه).
قطرة: نقطة ماء. وجمعها قطار في معجم فوك.
قطرة: عند الأطباء دواء مائي يقطر في العين الرمداء. (محيط المحيط).
قطرة أيوب: دمعة أيوب (نبات). (بوشر). قطرة: والجمع قطرات وقطار: قطعة، شريحة لحم، أو شريحة سمك أو غير ذلك. (فوك، الكالا).
قطرة من صفيحة: قطعة من نعل الفرس القديم (فوك).
قطرة من خنزير: شريحة من لحم الخنزير أو من شحم الخنزير.
قطرة في قطرة: قطعة إلى قطعة، طرف إلى طرف عند نبريجا.
قطرة: يقول ابن جبير في كلامه عن القارو الزفت يقطعونها قطرات بعد عرضه على النار.
قطيرة، تصغير قطرة: قطعة صغيرة من الخبز. (الكالا، المعجم اللاتيني ص88 - 89).
قطرات (باين سميث 1522) أو قطارات: حذاء لا أطراف له، بابوج. (باين سميث 1482، 1522. (وقد تكررت فيه الكلمة عدة مرات) (بار علي رقم 4349) ومرادفة الخفاف المقطوعة أو المقطعة والمقاطيع والمقاطيب تدل على أن هذه الكلمة ذات علاقة بقطرة بمعنى قطعة. وقد أطلق هذا الاسم على هذا الحذاء لأنه يشبه وقد قطعت أطرافه حذاء مقطوع الأطراف. وقطارات جمع الجمع لكلمة قطار.
القطرات: قسم من طالب المركب وهي عارضة رئيسة تمتد على طول قعر المركب. (معجم الأسبانية ص89).
قطرة: سحابة، تتابع الأشياء طولا. (بوشر).
قطري: نسبة إلى قطر الدائرة. (بوشر).
قطرية: نعناع الجبل، نعناع بري. نبات القطرم نبات المارون.
واسمه العلمي Nepeta. ( بوشر).
فطار: عدد من الإبل بعضه خلف بعض، والكلمة مؤنثة في شرح ديوان الاخطل، وفيه: وقوله أروى يقول هذه القطار عليها وقاق مملوة، وتجد في طبعة وستنفيلد لوفيات الأعيان لابن خلكان (10: 109). الجمع قطران بهذا المعنى. ويقول السيد دي سلان في ترجمته لهذه العبارة (4: 199 رقم 12) إن في كل مخطوطاته قطاران. ومثل هذا الجمع لا يمكن قبوله فيما أرى، وأن الصواب قطارات كما جاء في طبعة بولاق، وكذلك فإن قطار يجمع على قطارات.
قطار: عدد من العبيد مقطورين أي بعضهم خلف بعض. (معجم الإدريسي).
قطور: دواء سائل يستعمل قطرات. ففي ابن وافد (ص16 ق): صفة قطور ينفع من الدود في الاذن، وبعد ذكر صفته: ويقطر في الأذن.
قطارة: ويركبون للاشربة والعلق نوعا من شراب العسل (أو بالأحرى بديلا منه) من السكر وعسل النحل ويسمونه القطارة، أي الذي يقطر منه السكر. (نهاية الرتبة في طلب الحسبة) ترجمها بيرناور في الجريدة الآسيوية 1861، 1: 16) قطارة: المقطر وهو صنف من التمر. 0براكس مجلة الشرق والجزائر 5: 212) ز قطار: مسقف، بناء السقوف، ومن يصلح السقوف المثقوبة. (شيرب) قطارة: انيق، آلة التقطيرن وعاء التقطير. (معجم الأسبانية ص1786، ص390) وأقرأها كذلك عند ابن العوام (2: 400) وهي صحيحة في (2: 401) منه.
قاطر: عند الأطباء الماء الذي يقطر من الانبيق عند تقطير الدواء (محيط المحيط).

قطر

1 قَطَرَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. قَطْرٌ and قَطَرَانٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and قُطُورٌ; (K;) [and in an intensive sense, تَقْطَارٌ (see a verse cited voce غُسْلٌ);] and ↓ اقطر; (AHn, TA;) and ↓ تقاطر; (Msb, TA;) said of water, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and of tears, (K,) or other fluid, (S, * TA,) [It dropped, dripped, or fell in drops;] it flowed (Mgh, Msb, TA) drop by drop. (Msb.) b2: It occurs in a trad. as signifying قَطَرَ عَرَقًا, or بَوْلًا, [He let fall sweat, or urine, in drops,] in which each subst, is in the accus. case as a specificative: said of a person in intense awe or fear. (Mgh.) b3: قَطَرَ الصَّمْغُ مِنَى الشَّجَرَةِ The gum [exuded in drops or] came forth from the tree. (TA.) b4: قَطَرَتِ اسْتُهُ i. q. مَصَلَت [His anus voided excrement in drops]. (K.) A2: قَطَرَ فِى الأَرْضِ inf. n. قُطُورٌ, (tropical:) He went away into the country, or in the land; (S, K; *) and hastened; (K, * TA;) as also مَطَرَ, inf. n. مُطُورٌ. (TA.) A3: قَطَرَهُ, (As, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) [aor. ـُ inf. n. قَطْرٌ; (Mgh;) and ↓ اقطرهُ, (Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِقْطَارٌ; (Msb;) or the latter but not the former accord. to Az; (Msb;) and ↓ قطّرهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَقْطِيرٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb;) He (God, K, or a man, S, Msb) made it (namely water &c.) [to drop, drip, dribble, or fall in drops;] to flow (S, Msb, TA) drop by drop: (S, Msb:) he poured it out, or forth. (Mgh.) Yousay قَطَرْتُ المَآءَ فِى الحَلْقِ, and أَقْطَرْتُهُ, and قَطَّرْتُهُ, [He made the water to fall drop by drop into the throat.] (Msb.) b2: مَا قَطَرَكَ عَلَيْنَا (tropical:) What hath poured thee (مَا صَبَّكَ) upon us? (TA.) b3: قَطَرَ فُلَانًا, (Lth, K,) inf. n. قَطْرٌ, (Lth,) (assumed tropical:) He prostrated such a one with vehemence. (Lth, K.) [Perhaps this is from قُطْرٌ, signifying the “ side; ” and if so it is not tropical. See also 2.] b4: قَطَرَ الثَّوْبَ (tropical:) He sewed the garment, or piece of cloth. (IAar, K.) A4: قَطَرَ الإِبِلَ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. قَطْرٌ; (Msb, K;) and ↓ قطّرها, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَقْطِيرٌ; (S;) but this has an intensive signification; (Msb;) and ↓ اقطرها; (K;) but this [says SM] I do not find in the [other] lexicons; Az and ISd mention only the first and second; (TA;) He disposed the camels in a file, string, or series; (S, * Msb;) he placed the camels near, one to another, in a file, string, or series; (K;) [and tied the halter of each, except the first, to the tail of the next before it.] It is said in a proverb, الجَلَبَ ↓ النُّفَاضُ يَقَطِّرُ The failure of provisions causes the camels, driven or brought from one place to another, to be disposed in files for sale. (S.) A5: قَطَرَ البَعِيرَ He smeared the camel with قَطِرَان [or tar]. (S, Msb.) 2 قطّرهُ: see 1. b2: بِهِ تَقْطِيرٌ [He has a dribbling of his urine] is said of a man who cannot retain his urine, (Mgh, K, *) by reason of cold affecting the bladder. (TA.) A2: قطّر الإِبِلَ: see 1.

A3: طَعَنَهُ فَقَطَّرَهُ (inf. n. تَقْطِيرٌ, S) He pierced him [with his spear] and threw him down on one of his sides. (S, Msb.) And قطّرهُ فَرَسُهُ; in the copies of the K قطّرهُ عَلَى فَرَسِهِ, but this is a mistake; (TA;) and ↓ اقطرهُ; and بِه ↓ تقطّر; (K;) vulgarly تَقَنْطَرَ بِهِ; (TA;) His horse threw him down on one of his sides. (K, * TA.) See قُطْرٌ: see also 1.

A4: قطّر ثَوْبَهُ, inf. n. as above, He fumigated his garment with قُطْر, i. e., aloes-wood. (K.) 4 اقطر: see 1. b2: It was time for it to drop, drip, or fall in drops; it was ready, or near, to drop, &c.; expl. by حَانَ لَهُ أَنْ يَقْطُرَ, (S,) and حَانَ أَنْ يَقْطُرَ. (K.) A2: اقطرهُ: see 1.

A3: اقطر الإِبِلَ: see 1.

A4: اقطرهُ فَرَسُهُ: see 2.5 تقطّر, quasi-pass. of 2, [It was made to drop, drip, or fall in drops; &c. See an ex. in a verse cited voce تَسَقَّى. b2: ] He fell [upon his side]. (S.) b3: تقطّر بِهِ فَرَسُهُ: see 2.

A2: تقطّرت She fumigated herself with قُطْر, i. e., aloes-wood. (K.) 6 تَقَاْطَرَ see 1.

A2: تقاطر القَوْمُ (tropical:) The people came in consecutive companies; from قِطَارُ الإِبِلِ. (S, TA.) And hence also, تقاطرت كُتُبُ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [The books, or letters, of such a one followed one another in a regular series]. (TA.) 10 استقطرهُ He sought, or desired, its dropping, or dripping, or flowing; [endeavoured to make it drop, or drip;] expl. by رَامَ قَطَرَانَهُ, (K, TA,) i. e., سَيَلَانَهُ. (TA.) b2: استقطر مَعْرُوفًا [He sought, or demanded, bounty, as it were drop by drop]. (K in art. نض.) Q. Q. 1 قَنْطَرَ: see art. قنطر.

Q. Q. 2 تَقَنْطَرَ: see art. قنطر.

قَطْرٌ [Drops;] pl. of قَطْرَةٌ: (S:) [or rather a coll. gen. n., having this signification; or] what drops, (K,) of water &c.: (TA:) n. un. قَطْرَةٌ; (K;) which signifies a drop: (Msb:) pl. of the former, قِطَارٌ: (K:) and of the latter, قَطَرَاتٌ. (Msb.) [See also قُطَارَةٌ.] You say سَالَ قَطْرَةً قَطْرَةً It flowed drop by drop. (Msb.) b2: Rain: (S, Msb:) n. un. قَطْرَةٌ [signifying a rain; a shower of rain]: (Msb:) pl. of the former, قِطَارٌ. (S.) قُطْرٌ A side, part, portion, quarter, tract, or region, (S, Msb, K,) of the heavens, and of the earth; (TA;) as also قُتْرٌ (S, K, art. قتر,) and قُتُرٌ: (K, ibid.) either side of a man: pl. أَقْطَارٌ. (S, Msb, K.) You say أَلْقَاهُ على احد قُطْرَيْهِ He threw him down on one of his sides. (S, * Msb, * K, * TA.) And لَا أَدْرِى عَلَى أَىِّ قُطْرَيْهِ يَقَعُ [I know not on which of his two sides he will fall; i. e., what will be his final state]. (JK.) and the pl. signifies The outer parts or regions (نَوَاحٍ) of a horse, and of a camel: the prominent parts of a horse, such as the withers (الكَاثِبَة) and the rump: the prominent parts of the upper portions of a camel, and of a mountain. (TA.) b2: فُطْرُ دَائِرَةٍ [The diameter of a circle;] a straight line extending from one side of a circle to the other side so that its middle falls upon the centre (KT.) [But this is app. post-classical.]

A2: قُطْرٌ (S, K) and ↓ قُطُرٌ (S) Aloes-wood with which one fumigates. (S, K.) قِطْرٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ قَطِرٌ (ISk, TA) Copper, or brass: (S, Mgh, Msb:) so in the Kur [xiv. 51, accord. to one reading,] مِنْ قِطْرٍ آنٍ (S,) or مِنْ قَطِرٍ آنٍ, accord. to the reading of I'Ab, meaning, of copper, or brass, in the utmost state of heat: (TA:) [but the common reading is مِنْ قَطِرَانٍ:] or copper, or brass, in a state of fusion: (K:) so in the Kur, xxxiv. 11 (TA) [and xviii. 95]: or a certain kind thereof: (K:) or molten iron: (Mgh, Msb:) and anything that drops or flows (يَقْطُرُ) by fusion or melting, like water. (Mgh.) قَطِرٌ: see قِطْرٌ.

قُطُرٌ: see قُطْرٌ.

قَطْرَةٌ: see قَطْرٌ, in two places.

قَطِرَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and قِطْرَانٌ (Msb, K) and قَطْرَانٌ (K) [Tar, or liquid pitch;] what exudes from the tree called أَبْهَل, [or juniper, or the species of juniper called savin, both of which have this name in the present day,] (Msb, K, * TA,) and from the أَرْز [or pine-tree], and the like, (K, TA,) when subjected to the action of fire; (lit. when cooked;) used for smearing [mangy] camels, (Msb, TA,) &c.; (Msb;) i. q. هِنَآءٌ. (S.) [See also زِفْتٌ.]

قُطَارٌ A cloud, (K,) or rain, (TA,) having large drops. (K, TA.) قِطَارٌ A file, string, or series, of camels; a number of camels disposed in one series; (JK, Msb, K; *) one behind another; (JK;) [the halter of each, except the first, being tied to the tail of the next before it:] and the poet Abu-n-Nejm speaks of a قِطَار of ants: (S:) of the measure فِعَالٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ: (Msb:) pl. قُطُرٌ (S, Msb) and, (S,) or pl. pl., (Msb,) قُطُرَاتٌ; (S, Msb;) vulg. قِطَارَاتٌ. (TA.) قَطُورٌ and مِقْطَارٌ A cloud having many drops, or much rain. (Th, AAF, K.) قُطَارَةٌ What drops, or drips, (مَا قَطَرَ,) from a jar (حُبّ) and the like: (Lh, S:) or from a thing. (K.) See also قَطْرٌ. b2: A small quantity of water. (Lh, K. *) Ex. فِى الإِنَآءِ قُطَارَةٌ مِنْ مَآءٍ In the vessel is a little water. (Lh.) قَاطِرٌ Any gum that exudes in drops, or comes forth, (يَقْطُرُ,) from trees. (IDrd, K. *) b2: القّاطِرُ المَكِّىُّ: see دَمٌ in art. دمو. b3: A camel whose urine continually dribbles. (S, K.) قَنْطَرَةٌ and قِنْطَارٌ &c.: see art. قنطر.

مِقْطَرَةٌ [A kind of stocks]: see عِلْبَةٌ and فَلَقٌ.

مَقْطُورٌ. b2: أَرْضٌ مَقْطُورَةٌ Land rained upon. (K, TA.) A2: بَعِيرٌ مَقْطُورٌ, and ↓ مُقَطْرَنٌ, (S, K,) the latter after the form of the original [قَطِرَانٌ], (S, TA.) A camel smeared with قَطِرَان [or tar]. (S, K.) مُقَطْرَنٌ: see مَقْطُورٌ.

عيف

1 عَافَهُ, aor. ـَ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and يَعِيفُهُ, (Fr, O, K,) inf. n. عِيَافٌ, (S, Mgh, O,) or عِيَافَةٌ, (Msb, [but probably a mistranscription for the former,]) or both, or the latter is a simple subst., and the former is an inf. n., also عَيْفٌ and عَيَفَانٌ, (ISd, K,) He (a man, S, O, Msb, [and any animal,]) disliked it, or loathed it, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) namely, food, (S, O, Msb, K,) or water, (Mgh,) or beverage, (S, O, Msb, K,) and would not drink it, (S, O, K,) and sometimes it is said in relation to other things, (K,) but mostly in relation to food: (ISd, TA:) and ↓ اِعْتَافَهُ signifies the same as عَافَهُ. (TA.) A poet says, (namely, Anas Ibn-Mudrik, O, TA, and so in a copy of the S,) إِنِّى وَقَتْلِى سُلَيْكًا ثُمَّ أَعْقِلُهُ كَالثَّوْرِ يُضْرَبُ لَمَّا عَافَتِ البَقَرُ

[Verily I, in the case of my slaying Suleyk and then giving the bloodwit for slaying him, am like the bull that is beaten when the cows loathe the water]: for when the cows hold back from entering into the water and drinking, they are not beaten, because they have milk, but only the bull is beaten, in order that they may be frightened, and therefore drink. (S, O, TA. [See also the Ham, p. 416; where the former hemistich is somewhat differently related.]) And hence the saying, هٰذَا مِمَّا يَعَافُهُالطَّبْعُ [This is of the things that the natural disposition dislikes, or loathes]. (Mgh.) A2: عِفْتُ الطَّيْرَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عِيَافَةٌ, I augured from the birds, (S, O, K, TA,) good or evil, (O, K, TA,) taking warning, or the like, by considering their names, and their places of alighting (S, O, K, TA) and of passage, (TA,) and their cries: thus, correctly, as in the T and S and M and L, i. e. وَأَصْوَاتِهَا; for which the authors of the O and K have substituted وَأَنْوَائِهَا, deceived by the word مَسَاقِط in what goes before: and the verb is used in like manner in relation to gazelles or other animals passing with the right side, or the left side, turned towards the spectator: (TA:) العِيَافَةُ primarily signifies the man's throwing a pebble at a bird, or crying out at it; and, if it turn its right side towards him in flying, the auguring good from it; and if its left side, evil: (Har p. 308:) or, accord. to Az, it signifies the seeing a bird, (TA,) or a raven, or crow, (Msb, TA,) or the like, (Msb,) and auguring evil [or good] therefrom: (Msb, TA:) and also the saying [a thing] conjecturally, or surmising; without seeing anything: and it is said in a trad. to be مِنَ الجِبْتِ [expl. in art. جبت]: the verb in عِفْتُ الطَّيْرَ, as ISd says, is originally عَيِفْتُ. (TA.) A3: عَافَتِ الطَّيْرُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَيْفٌ, (S, O, K,) is like عافت having for its aor. ـُ and inf. n. عَوْفٌ, (K, TA,) i. e. (TA) The birds circled over the water, or over carcasses or corpses, and went to and fro, not going away, desiring to alight. (S, O, TA. [See also art. عوف.]) 4 أَعَافُوا [They became in the condition of finding that] their beasts disliked, or loathed, the water, and would not drink it. (ISk, O, K.) 5 تعيّف is probably used as signifying He practised عِيَافَة, i. e. auguration from birds, &c. see its part. n., below.]8 إِعْتَيَفَ see 1, first sentence.

A2: Accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, (O,) اعتاف signifies He furnished himself with provisions for journeying. (O, K.) عَيْفَةٌ is a term employed in the case when a woman brings forth and her milk is suppressed in her breast, wherefore her fellow-wife, or female neighbour, draws it, by the single sucking and the two suckings: (Nh, O, L, K, * TA: but in the K, فَتَرْضِعُهَا is erroneously put for فَتَرْضِعُهُ; and المَرَّةَ and المَرَّتَيْنِ are put for المَرَّةَ and المَرَّتَيْنِ: TA:) thus in the saying of ElMugheereh, (O, K, TA,) as expl. by himself, (O, TA,) لَا تُحَرِّمُ العَيْفَةُ [i. e. The woman's sucking once and twice in drawing the breast of another woman whose milk is suppressed after child-birth will not render unlawful the marriage of either of them to a relation of the other, nor the marriage of a relation of either to a relation of the other; as the case of regular or continued suckling of a child does]: (O, K, TA: [but in the O and CK, تُحَرَّمُ is erroneously put for تُحَرِّمُ: see a similar saying voce مَزَّةٌ:]) the action is performed in order that the obstructed channels by which the milk issues may become opened: and it is thus termed because the woman loathes it: (Az, O, K:) A'Obeyd says, We know not العَيْفَة in sucking the breast, but think it to be العُفَّة: his saying thus, however, is disapproved by Az. (O, K, * TA.) A2: عَيْفَةٌ is also the subst. from عَافَتِ الطَّيْرُ [q. v., app. signifying A circling of birds over the water, &c.]. (S, O, K.) عِيفَةٌ A good thing: (O:) or the choice, or best, or excellent, of camels or cattle or other property: (K:) like عِيمَةٌ. (O, K.) العَيَافُ and الطَّرِيدَةُ are Two games (Sh, O, K) of the boys of the Arabs of the desert: (Sh, O: [see the latter of these words:]) or the former is what is called لُعْبَةُ الغُمَيْصَآءِ, or, as in some of the copies of the K, الغُمَيْضَآءِ. (K, TA. [But I do not find elsewhere الغُمَيْصَآء as the name of a game, nor الغُمَيْضَآء in any sense.]) عَيُوفٌ: see عَائِفٌ. Applied to a camel, it means That smells the water and then leaves it, though thirsty. (S, O, K.) عَيْفانٌ: see عَائِفٌ.

عَيَفَانٌ, like تَيَّهَانٌ, (O, K,) or عَيِّفَانٌ, like تَيِّهَانٌ, (so in the CK,) One whose natural disposition, (O, K,) and habit, or wont, (K,) it is to dislike, or loathe, a thing. (O, K.) عَائِفٌ Disliking, or loathing, food or beverage: (S, TA:) and ↓ عَيُوفٌ and ↓ عَيْفَانٌ, applied to a man, signify the same as عَائِفٌ [app. in this sense: see an ex. of the former in a verse of Ibn-Mukbil cited voce سَوْفَ, last sentence]. (TA.) A2: Auguring, or divining, (S, O, K,) from birds or other things. (O, K,) b2: كَانَ عَائِفًا, said of Shureyh, in a trad, of Ibn-Seereen, means He was true in conjecture and opinion: like the saying, of him who is right in his opinion, مَا هُوَ

إِلَّا كَاهِنٌ; and of him who is eloquent in his speech, مَا هُوَ إِلَّا سَاحِرٌ. (TA.) A3: طَيْرٌ عَائِفَةٌ Birds circling over water, or over carcasses or corpses, and going to and fro, not going away, desiring to alight. (S, O.) And نُسُورٌ عَوَائِفُ [Vultures] circling over the slain, and going to and fro. (TA.) مَعِيفٌ, applied to food [and beverage], Disliked, or loathed. (Msb.) مُتَعَيِّفٌ One who practises auguration from birds [&c.]. (Har p. 564.)

خون

1 خَانَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. خِيَانَةٌ and خَوْنٌ and مَخَانَةٌ (S, K) and خَانَةٌ (K) and خَائِنَةٌ, of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ, like لَاغِيَةٌ &c.; (TA;) and ↓ اختانهُ; (S, K;) He was unfaithful, or he acted unfaithfully, to the confidence, or trust, that he reposed in him; (K;) [he was treache rous, perfidious, or unfaithful, to him; or he acted treacherously, perfidiously, or unfaithfully, towards him;] فِى كَذَا [in such a thing]: (S:) خِيَانَةٌ is the contr. of أَمَانَةٌ; and does not relate only to property, but also to other things: (Mgh:) or the neglecting, or failing in, أَمَانَةٌ [which is trustiness, or faithfulness]: (El-Harállee, TA:) or i. q. نِفَاقٌ, except that خيانة regards a compact or covenant or the like, and trustiness, or faith fulness, and نفاق regards religion; so that the former is the acting contrary to what is right, by breaking a compact or covenant or the like: (Er Rághib, TA:) but [it is said that] the primary signification of خَوْنٌ is the making to suffer loss, or diminution; because the خَائِن makes the مَخُون to suffer loss, or diminution, of something. (TA.) Hence, in the Kur [ii. 183], كُنْتُمْ

أَنْفُسَكُمْ ↓ تَخْتَانُونَ [lit. Ye used to act unfaith fully to yourselves] means ye used to act un faithfully, one to another: (S, * TA:) or ye used to act wrongfully to yourselves: اِخْتِيَانٌ has a more intensive signification than خِيَانَةٌ. (Bd.) One says also, خان العَهْدَ He broke the compact or covenant or the like: whence, تَقُولُ النِّعْمَةُ كُفِرْتُ وَلَمْ أُشْكَرْ وَتَقُولُ الأَمَانَةُ خُنْتُ وَلَمْ أُحْفَظْ [The benefit says, I have been disacknowledged, and have not been requited with thankfulness; and the trust says, I have been betrayed, and have not been faithfully kept]: the verb [خُنْتُ] being here of the measure فُعِلْتُ, a verb of which the agent is not named. (Mgh.) And خَانَهُ العَهْدَ, (Msb, K,) and فِى العَهْدِ, (Msb,) and خانهُ الأَمَانَةَ, (Msb, K,) aor. as above, inf. n. خَوْنٌ and خِيَانَةٌ and مَخَانَةٌ, (Msb,) [He was unfaithful to him in respect of the compact or covenant or the like, and the trust.] b2: [Hence,] خان سَيْفُهُ (assumed tropical:) [His sword was unfaithful;] i. e., failed of taking ef fect upon the thing struck with it. (TA.) A cer tain person, being asked respecting the sword, said, أَخُوكَ وَ رُبَّمَا خَانَكَ (assumed tropical:) [It is thy brother, but sometimes it is unfaithful to thee]. (TA.) b3: and خَانَتْهُ رِجْلَاهُ (assumed tropical:) [His two legs were unfaithful to him;] he was unable to walk. (TA.) b4: and خان الدَّلْوَ الرِّشَآءُ (assumed tropical:) The well-rope broke off, or be came severed, from the bucket. (TA.) b5: and خانهُ الدَّهْرُ, inf. n. خَوْنٌ; (T, TA;) and ↓ تخوّنهُ; (TA;) (assumed tropical:) Time altered his state, or condition, (T, TA,) from softness, or easiness, to hardness, or difficulty, (TA,) or to evil; (T, TA;) and in like manner, النَّعِيمُ [enjoyment, &c.]: and of everything that has altered thy state, or condition, [for the worse,] one says, ↓ تَخَوَّنَكَ. (T, TA.) 2 خوّنهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَخْوِينٌ, (K,) He attributed to him خِيَانَة [i. e. treachery, perfidy, or unfaithfulness]. (S, K.) b2: See also 5, in two places.5 تخوّنهُ: see 1, last sentence, in two places. You say also, تَخَوَّنَهُمْ meaning He sought [to discover, or show,] their خِيَانَة [i. e. treachery, perfidy, or unfaithfulness], and their slip, lapse, or wrong action; and suspected them, or accused them. (TA.) b2: Also He, or it, diminished it, wasted it, impaired it, or took from it; and so ↓ خوّنهُ, and خوّن مِنْهُ: (K:) or diminished it, wasted it, impaired it, or took from it, by little and little; syn. تَنَقَّصَهُ. (JK, * S, Msb.) Yousay, تَخَوَنَنِى فُلَانٌ حَقِّى Such a one took from me by little and little of my right, or due. (S, TA.) And Dhu-r-Rummeh says, لَا بَلْ هُوَ الشَّوْقُ مِنْ دَارٍ تَخَوَّنَهَا مَرًّا سَحَابٌ وَمَرًّا بَارِحٌ تَرِبُ [No, but it is, or was, yearning of the soul arising from a place of abode from which some times raining clouds, and sometimes a hot wind carrying with it dust, took away by little and little, so as gradually to efface the traces thereof]. (S, TA.) And Lebeed says, (S, TA,) describing a she-camel, (TA,) تَخَوَّنَهَا نُزُولِى وَارْتِحَالِى

[Which my alighting and my journeying had wasted by little and little;] i. e. whose flesh and fat my alighting and my journeying had diminished by little and little. (S, TA.) A2: Also He paid frequent attention to him, or it; or he, or it, returned to him, or it, time after time; syn. تَعَهَّدَهُ; (JK, S, K;) and so ↓ خوّنهُ: (K:) in this sense, the former verb is [said to be] from تخوّلهُ, by the substitution of ن for ل (TA.) Dhu-r-Rummeh says, [describing a young gazelle,] لَا يَنْعَشُ الطَّرْفَ إِلَّا مَا تَخَوَّنَهُ دَاعٍ يُنَادِيهِ بِاسْمِ المَآءِ مَبْغُومُ (S,) [He raises not his eye, or eyes, except when a caller calling him by the sound of مَآءِ returns to him time after time, addressed by the cry termed بُغَام:] i. e. except when he hears the بُغَام of his mother calling him by the cry مَآءِ مَآءِ: (TA in art. بغم: [it is there added, that the pass. part. n. مَبْغُوم is used in this instance for the act. part. n.; but for this I see no sufficient reason:]) he says that the young gazelle is slum bering, not raising his eye, or eyes, unless his mother comes to him time after time: or, as some say, unless his mother's call to him takes by little and little from his sleep. (S in the present art.) One says also الحُمَّىتَخَوَّنُهُ [ for تَتَخَوَّنُهُ] The fever returns to him time after time: (S:) or in its time. (TA.) 8 إِخْتَوَنَ see 1, in two places.

خَانٌ A place in which travellers lodge: (Msb:) a place in which travellers pass the night: and the دَيْر [i. e. monastery, or convent,] is the خان of the Christians: (Kull pp. 96 and 97:) or the خان is for merchants; (S, K;) i. q. فُنْدُقٌ; (Har p. 325;) [a building for the reception of mer chants and travellers and their goods, generally surrounding a square or an oblong court, having, on the ground-floor, vaulted magazines for mer chandise, which face the court, and lodgings, or other magazines, above: a Persian word, arabi cized:] pl. خَانَاتٌ (Msb.) b2: Also A shop: or a shop-keeper: (K:) a Persian word, arabicised. (TA.) A2: [It is also a title of honour, used by the Tartars (who apply it to their Emperor), the Turks (who apply it to the reigning and to a deceased Sultán), and the Persians (who apply it to the governor of a province, and to a man of rank).]

خَوْنٌ an inf. n. of 1. (S, Msb, K.) b2: and [hence,] (tropical:) Weakness. (JK, K, TA.) One says فِى ظَهْرِهِ خَوْنٌ (tropical:) In his back is weakness. (JK, TA.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) Languidness in the sight. (K.) خَانِىٌّ Of, or belonging to, a خان of the mer chants. (TA.) خِوَانٌ (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K) and خُوَانٌ (ISk, Msb, K) and ↓ إِخْوَانٌ, (IF, Msb, K,) the first of which is the most common, (Msb,) A table; (JK;) a thing upon which one eats; (S, Mgh, Msb;) a thing upon which food is eaten: (K:) but said to be not so called except when food is upon it: (Har p. 360:) arabicized [from the Persian]: (S, Msb:) the pl. (of pauc., of the first, S, Msb) is أَخْوِنَةٌ and (of mult., S, Msb) خُونٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) said by IB to be the only instance of its kind except بُونٌ pl. of بِوَانٌ, (TA,) originally خُوُنٌ, like كُتُبٌ pl. of كِتَابٌ, (Msb,) but خُوُنٌ is not used: (S:) the pl. of ↓ اخوان is أَخَاوِنُ, (Msb,) or أَخَاوِينُ. (TA, from a trad.) خَؤُونٌ [for خَوُونٌ]: see خَائِنٌ.

خَوَّانٌ: see خَائِنٌ. b2: [Hence,] الخَوَّانُ The lion: (JK, S:) because he is [very] treacherous. (JK.) And (assumed tropical:) Time, or fortune. (TA.) b3: أَعُوذُ بِاللّٰهِ مِنَ الخَوَّانِ means (assumed tropical:) [I seek protection by God] from the day of the exhaustion of provisions. (A, TA.) A2: Also, and ↓ خُوَّانٌ, [accord. to the CK, each is with ال, but this seems to be a mis take, (see شَهْرٌ,)] The month [latterly called]

رَبِيعٌ الأَوَّلَ: pl. أَخْوِنَةٌ: (K:) but ISd says, "I know not how this is." (TA.) خُوَّانٌ: see what next precedes.

الخَوَّانَةُ i. q. الاِسْتُ [meaning (assumed tropical:) The anus]. (TA.) خَائِنٌ and ↓ خَائِنَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the latter an intensive epithet, (S, Msb,) like عَلَّامَةٌ and نَسَّابَةٌ, (S,) [and also fem. of خَائِنٌ,] and ↓ خَؤُونٌ and ↓ خَوَّانٌ, (K,) [which are likewise intensive epithets,] Unfaithful, or acting unfaithfully, to the confidence, or trust, reposed in him; (K;) [treacherous, perfidious, or unfaithful; or acting treacherously, perfidiously, or unfaithfully: thus the first signifies: the others signifying very un faithful, &c.:] pl. [of the first] خَوَنَةٌ, (S, M, K,) which is anomalous, (M,) like حَوَكَةٌ [pl. of حَائِكٌ], (S,) and خُوَّانٌ. (K.) [Hence,] خَائِنٌ النَّظَرِ Looking treacherously, and clandestinely, at a thing at which it is not allowable to look. (TA.) b2: خَائِنُ العَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) [The languid in respect of the eye] is an appellation applied to the lion; (K, TA;) because of a languidness in his eye when he looks. (TA.) خَائِنَةٌ: see خَائِنٌ.

A2: It is also an inf. n. of خَانَ. (TA.) [Hence,] خَائِنَةٌ الأَعْيُنِ (as used in the Kur xl. 20, TA) A surreptitious look (JK, Mgh, K) at a thing at which it is not allowable to look: (JK, K:) or the looking with a look that induces suspicion or evil opinion: (Th, K:) or the making a sign with the eye to indicate a thing that one conceals in the mind: (TA:) or, as some say, the contracting of the eye, or eyes, by way of making an obscure indication: or the looking intentionally [at a thing at which it is not allowable to look]. (Msb.) إِخْوَانٌ: see خِوَانٌ, in two places.

A2: [It is also a pl. of أَخٌ: see art. اخو.]

مُتَخَوَّنٌ One to whom خِيَانَة [i. e. treachery, perfidy, or unfaithfulness,] is attributed. (TA.)