سلم

1 سَلِمَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. سَلَامَةٌ (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and سَلَامٌ (A, TA) and سَلَمٌ and سَلْمٌ and سِلْمٌ, (Bd in xxxix. 30,) He was, or became, safe, or secure; or he escaped; (M, TA;) or he was, or became, free; (TA;) مِنَ الآفَاتِ [from evils of any kind], (S, Mgh,) or مِنَ الآفَةِ [from evil of any kind], (K,) or مِنَ البَلَآءِ [from trial, or affliction], (A, TA,) or مِنَ الأَمْرِ [from the affair]: (M:) he (a traveller) was, or became, safe, secure, or free, from evils of any kind: (Msb:) and سَلِمَ مِنَ العَيْبِ he was, or became, free from fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice; syn. بَرِئَ. (Msb in art. برأ.) [Hence,] one says, لَا بِذِى تَسْلَمُ مَا كَانَ

گَذَا وَكَذَا, (ISk, S, K, *) meaning No, by God [or Him] who maketh thee to be in safety, (ISk, S, K,) [such and such things were not;] and to two persons لا بذى تَسْلَمَانِ, and to a pl. number لا بذى تَسْلَمُونَ, and to a female لا بذى تَسْلَمِينَ, and to a pl. number [of females] لا بذى تَسْلَمْنَ. (ISk, S, K. *) And لَا أَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ بِذِى تَسْلَمُ, meaning, بِذِى سَلَامَتِكِ [i. e. I will not do that, by the Author (lit. Lord or Master) of thy safety]; and in like manner, بذى تَسْلَمَانِ, and بذى تَسْلَمُونَ. (Sb, M. [See also ذو.]) And اِذْهَبْ بِذِى تَسْلَمُ, i. e. اِذْهَبْ بِسَلَامَتِكَ [Go thou with thy safety; or, with the Author of thy safety to protect thee; meaning go thou in safety]; and [to two persons]

اِذْهَبَا بِذِى تَسْلَمَانِ. (S, K.) ذى is thus prefixed to a verb [as virtually governing it in the gen. case] like as آيَة is in an instance mentioned under this latter word; but these are two extr. instances; for only a noun significant of time is [regularly] prefixed to a verb, as in the phrase هٰذَا يَوْمُ يُفْعَلُ, meaning يُفْعَلُ فِيهِ: (Akh, S:) it is not prefixed to any but this verb تَسْلَمُ [and its variations as above mentioned]. (Sb, M, K.) b2: And hence, (Mgh,) one says also, سَلِمَتْ لَهُ الضَّيْعَةُ, meaning [The landed estate] was, or became, free from participation to him; syn. خَلَصَت. (Mgh, TA.) A2: سلمهُ, [app. سَلَمَهُ, or perhaps سَلِمَهُ, for some verbs of this measure are trans., as حَسِبَ and وَرِثَ,] inf. n. سلم, [app. سَلَمٌ, q. v. infrà,] He made him a captive. (TA.) A3: سَلَمَتْهُ الحَيَّةُ, (TA,) inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (M, K, TA,) The serpent bit him: (M, * K, * TA:) mentioned by Az, but he adds that no one but Lth has said this. (TA.) A4: سَلَمَ الجِلْدَ, aor. ـِ (S, K,) inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (TA,) He tanned the skin with [قَرَظ, i. e. leaves of] the سَلَم [or mimosa flava]. (S, K, TA.) b2: سَلَمَ الدَّلْوَ, (M, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (M,) He finished making the leathern bucket; and made it firm, strong, or sound, or made it firmly, strongly, or soundly. (M, K.) 2 سلّمهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَسْلِيمٌ, (K,) He (God) made him to be safe, secure, or free; saved, secured, or freed, him; (M, Msb, TA;) مِنَ الآفَاتِ [from evils of any kind], (S, Msb,) or مِنَ الآفَةِ [from evil of any kind], (K,) or مِنَ الأَمْرِ [from the affair]. (M.) [Freytag assigns the same meaning to ↓ اسلمهُ also, as on the authority of the Ham; in which I find no explanation of this verb except one which will be found later in this paragraph.] b2: [Hence,] التَّسْلِيمُ is also syn. with السَّلَامُ, (S, K, TA,) as meaning The saluting, or greeting, one with a prayer for his safety, or security, or freedom, from evils of any kind in his religion and in his person; and the interpretation thereof is [the expressing a desire for] التَّخْلِيصٌ; (Mbr, TA;) or the saluting, or greeting, one with a prayer for his life; or, by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ [q. v. infrà, voce سَلَامٌ]; syn. التَّحِيَّةُ. (TA.) You say, سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ [meaning He so saluted, or greeted, him]. (M, Msb.) [This, when said of God, virtually means سَلَّمَهُ, i. e. He saved him; and should be rendered agreeably with this explanation in the phrase commonly used after the mention of the Prophet, صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ May God bless and save him. You say also, سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ بِالخِلَافَةِ He saluted him with the acknowledgment of his being Khaleefeh; saying, سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ يَا أَمِيرَ المُؤْمِنِينَ Salutation to thee, or peace be on thee, &c., O Prince of the Faithful.] التَّسْلِيمَةُ signifies The salutation that is pronounced on finishing every two rek'ahs in prayer: (Har p. 180:) [and also that which is pronounced after the last rek'ah of each of the prayers (i. e. after the sunneh prayers and the fard alike), addressed to the two guardian and recording angels: (see my “ Modern Egyptians,” ch. iii., p. 78 of the 5th ed.:) and سَلَّمَ means He pronounced either of those salutations.] b3: [Hence also,] سلّم إِلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ, (S, K, *) inf. n. as above; (K;) and ↓ اسلم اليه الشىءَ; (M;) He gave to him the thing; (S, * M, K;) or delivered it to him: (M:) [he resigned it to him:] and سلّم إِلَيْهِ الوَدِيعَةَ, (Mgh,) or سلّم الوَدِيعَةَ لِصَاحِبِهَا, He delivered the deposit [to him, or] to its owner: (Msb:) and ↓ اسلم الثَّوْبَ إِلَى الخَيَّاطِ (Mgh) signifies the same as سلّمهُ إِلَيْهِ [i. e. He delivered the garment, or piece of cloth, to the tailor]. (Har p. 166.) b4: See also 4, in two places. b5: You say also, سلّم الأَجِيرُ نَفْسَهُ لِلْمُسْتَأْجِرِ The hired man gave himself up, or gave authority over himself, to the hirer. (Msb.) And ↓ أَسْلَمْتُهُ and سَلَّمْتُهُ I left him in the power of him who desired to kill him or to wound him. (Ham p. 115.) And لِلْهَلَكَةِ ↓ اسلمهُ [He gave him up to destruction]: in this case with [the prep.] ل only. (Har p. 166.) and الرَّجُلَ ↓ اسلم, (S, * M, Msb, *) or العَدُوَّ, (K,) He left, forsook, or deserted, (M, K,) the man, (S, * M, Msb, *) or the enemy; (K;) or abstained from aiding, or assisting, him; (S, M, Msb, K;) and threw him into destruction. (IAth, TA.) and لِمَا بِهِ ↓ اسلمهُ He left him [to that bane which was in him: app. referring to the bite of a serpent, or any evil affection: see سَلِيمٌ, third sentence]. (S, * M.) b6: And سلّم أَمْرَهُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ and ↓ اسلمهُ, both meaning the same, (S, Msb, K, TA,) i. e. He committed his case to God. (TA.) b7: And سلّم الدَّعْوَى He acknowledged the truth [or justice] of the claim, demand, or suit; [he conceded its truth or justice;] from سلّم الوَدِيعَةَ لِصَاحِبِهَا, expl. above; denoting an ideal delivering [or yielding of a thing to another person]. (Msb.) [Hence one says, سلّم أَنَّهُ كَذَا He conceded that it was thus.] b8: And التَّسْلِيمُ signifies also [The assenting, or] the giving [one's] approval (S, K, TA) unreservedly, (S,) to that which is ordained, or decreed, (S, K, TA,) by God; and the submitting to his commands; and the abstaining from offering opposition in the case in which it is not becoming [to do so]. (TA.) You say, سلّم لِأَمْرِ اللّٰهِ He assented to the command of God: [or he gave his approval to it:] or he submitted to it; as also ↓ اسلم. (MA.) 3 سالمهُ, (M, Msb,) inf. n. مُسَالَمَةٌ (S, M, Msb) and سِلَامٌ, (M, Msb,) He made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, with him; or he reconciled himself with him: [implying mutual concession, or a compromise:] (S, * M, Msb:) and سَالَمَا They made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, or they reconciled themselves, each with the other. (K.) 4 أَسْلَمَ see 2, in nine places. [The first of the meanings there assigned to this verb is, in my opinion, more than doubtful. In all its senses, it seems to be properly trans.: when it is used as an intrans. verb, an objective complement is app. understood. Thus,] أَسْلَمَ is syn. with أَسْلَفَ [as meaning He paid in advance, or beforehand]; (S, M, Mgh, Msb;) الثَّمَنَ [the price] being suppressed, though sometimes it is expressed; (Mgh;) as also ↓ سلّم; (M;) and ↓ تسلّم, as occurring in a trad., where it is said, مَنْ تَسَلَّمَ فِى شَىْءٍ فَلَا يَصْرِفُهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ [Whoso pays in advance for a thing, he shall not turn it over, or transfer it, to another than him]; but KT says that he had not heard this verb thus used except in this instance. (TA.) So the first of these verbs signifies in the saying, اسلم فِى الطَّعَامِ (S) or فى البُرِّ (Mgh) [He paid in advance for the wheat], and فى الشَّىْءِ [for the thing], as also ↓ سلّم. (M.) and hence the saying, إِذَا أَسْلَمَ صُوفًا فِى لِبْدٍ أَوْ شَعَرًا فِى

مِسْحٍ لَمْ يَجُزْ [If he give in advance wool for felt, or goats' hair for a garment, or piece, of haircloth, it will not be allowable]. (Mgh.) And so in the phrase, أَسْلَمْتُ إِلَيْهِ [I paid in advance to him]. (Msb.) b2: Also [He resigned, or submitted, himself; نَفْسَهُ being understood: or] he was, or became, resigned, or submissive; (M, K;) and so ↓ استسلم: (S, M, Msb, K:) you say, اسلم لِلّٰهِ [He resigned, or submitted, himself, or he was, or became, resigned, or submissive, to God: see also an ex. (before referred to) in the last sentence of the second paragraph: or he was, or became, sincere in his religion, or without hypocrisy, towards God: see مُسْلِمٌ]: (Msb:) [or]

اسلم signifies he entered into السِّلْم, (S, Msb,) which here means الاِسْتِسْلَام [i. e. the state of resignation, or submission]. (S.) b3: And He became a Muslim; as also ↓ تسلّم; (M, * K;) as in the saying, كَانَ كَافِرًا ثُمَّ تَسَلَّمَ, i. e. أَسْلَمَ [He was an unbeliever, or a denier of the unity of God, &c.; then he became a Muslim]: (M:) or he entered [the pale, or communion, of] the religion of الإِسْلَام. (S, * Msb.) الإِسْلَامُ as a principle of the law of God is The manifesting of humility or submission, and outward conforming with the law of God, and the taking upon oneself to do or to say as the Prophet has done or said: for this, the blood is to be spared, and one may demand the repelling of evil: (T, * M:) and if there is therewith firm belief with the heart, it is إِيمَانٌ: (T:) this is the doctrine of Esh-Sháfi'ee; but the doctrine of Aboo-Haneefeh makes no difference between these two terms: (KT:) [agreeably with the former doctrine,] Th well and briefly says, الاسلام is with the tongue, and الايمان is with the heart: and he says, in explaining verse 48 of ch. v. of the Kur, that every prophet has been sent with الاسلام, though the ordinances differ. (M.) b4: One says also, أَسْلَمْتُ عَنْهُ, meaning I left it [app. an affair, as in an explanation in the TK,] after I had been [engaged] in it. (Ibn-Buzurj, K.) And اسلم occurs intransitively in the saying, كَانَ رَاعِىَ غَنَمٍ ثُمَّ

أَسْلَمَ, meaning [He was a pastor of sheep, or goats; then] he left them. (M.) b5: [Freytag assigns to اسلم another signification “ Adscendere fecit (vid. a سُلَّم),” as from the Ham, p. 39: but this is app. a mistake, into which he has been led by a saying, there cited, of Zuheyr, which I read thus: هَوِىَّ الدَّلْوِ أَسْلَمَهَا الرِّشَآءُ (meaning, The descent, or as the descent, of the bucket that the well-rope has let go): and by its being there said that “ you should not prefer any reading of هوى to that with damm, though it has been said otherwise: ” whereas the correct reading is, in my opinion, هَوِىّ, agreeably with what here follows:] Er-Riyáshee says, on the authority of Az, that الهَوِىُّ, with fet-h, is downwards; and with damm, upwards; and he cites the saying above as an ex. of the word as meaning downwards. (TA in art. هوى.) 5 تسلّم مِنْهُ He asserted, or declared, himself to be free from, or clear of, or quit of, it, or him. (M.) b2: تسلّم is also syn. with أُسْلَمَ, in two senses: see the latter, in two places.

A2: and تسلّمهُ signifies He took it, or received it; namely, a thing given, or delivered. (S, M, Msb, K.) 6 تسالموا, (M,) and تسالما, (K,) inf. n. تَسَالُمٌ, (S,) They, (M,) or they two, (K,) made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, (S, * M, K,) one with another, (S, M,) or each with the other. (S, K.) [See also 8.] b2: One says of a man, (M,) of a great, or frequent, liar, (TA,) لَا تَسَالَمُ خَيْلَاهُ, [for تَتَسَالَمُ,] (M,) or لَا يَتَسَالَمُ خَيْلَاهُ, (K, TA,) [(assumed tropical:) His two troops of horses will not agree in pace, each with the other;] meaning (tropical:) [his assertions will not be found to agree together; or] he will not say what is true, so that it may be accepted from him: for تَسَالَمَتْ, said of horses, means (assumed tropical:) they kept pace, one with another; (تَسَايَرَتْ [q. v.];) not exciting one another. (M, K, TA.) 8 استلم He became at peace, or reconciled. (TA.) Hence the saying, (TA,) هُوَ لَا يَسْتَلَمُ عَلَى

سَخَطِهِ He will not become at peace, or reconciled, during his displeasure at a thing. (K, TA.) [See also 6.] b2: استلم الزَّرْعُ The seed-produce put forth its ears. (K.) A2: استلم الحَجَرَ He touched, (S, K,) or reached, (Mgh,) the stone, [meaning the Black Stone of the Kaabeh,] by kissing, or with the hand: (S, Mgh, K:) or he wiped it, or stroked it, with the hand: (Mgh:) or he kissed the stone: or he embraced it: (M:) and اِسْتَلْأَمَهُ signifies the same; (M, K;) but is not the original: (M:) accord. to ISk, the Arabs pronounced it with hemz, contr. to analogy; (Msb;) or it should not be pronounced with hemz, though some thus pronounce it, (S,) the original being استلم, (ISk, Msb,) because it is from سِلَامٌ [pl. of سَلِمَةٌ] signifying “ stones,” (ISk, S, * M, Msb, * [in the Mgh, from سَلِمَةٌ signifying “ a stone,” and in the Msb the pl. of سَلِمَةٌ is said to be سَلَامٌ, like كَلَامٌ,]) accord. to Sb, who says that it does not denote the act of taking; (M;) or, accord. to Sb, it is from السَّلَامُ, with fet-h, meaning “ salutation,” and it means the touching with the hand by way of salutation in order to obtain a blessing thereby: (TA:) but accord. to IAar, the original is with hemz, from المُلَآءَمَةُ, meaning الاِجْتِمَاعُ [“ the coming together,” &c., because denoting contact]. (Msb.) Abu-t-Tufeyl is related to have said, رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَطُوفُ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ يَسْتَلِمُ بِمِحْجَنِهِ وَيُقَبِّلُ المِحْجَنَ [i. e. I saw the Apostle of God (may God bless and save him) circuiting around the Kaabeh, upon his camel, touching the Black Stone with his hooked staff, and kissing the hooked staff]. (TA.) The primary signification of الاِسْتِلَامُ is [said to be] The wiping, or stroking, the سَلِمَة, i. e. the stone: afterwards it was used in relation to other things, and one said اِسْتَلَمْتُ يَدَهَا, meaning I stroked, or kissed, her hand. (Har pp. 30 and 31.) b2: استلم الخُفُّ قَدَمَيْهِ means The boot rendered his feet soft [after he had been accustomed to walking barefoot]. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَسْلَمَ see 4, in the former half of the paragraph.

A2: استسلم ثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ He went upon the middle of the road, not missing it. (K, * TA. [In the CK, after واسْتَسْلَمَ انقادَ, for وثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ, meaning واستسلم ثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ, is erroneously put وتَسَلَّمَ الطَّرِيقَ, assigning to تسلّم a meaning belonging to استسلم.]) Q. Q. 2 تَمَسْلَمَ [from مُسْلِمٌ] He named, or called, himself a Muslim; or he named himself Muslim; his name having before been Mohammad: (M, K:) mentioned by Er-Ru-ásee. (M.) سَلْمٌ: see the next paragraph, in six places.

A2: Also A leathern bucket (دَلْوٌ) having one عُرْوَة [or loop-shaped handle], (T, S, M, K,) with which the waterer walks, like the buckets (دِلَآء) of the attendants of the camels or other beasts upon which water is drawn or which carry water, (T, TA,) or like the دَلْو of the water-carriers: (S, K:) expl. in the S as above as on the authority of AA; but IB says that the correct explanation is, having one عَرْقُوَة [or stick fixed across from one part of the brim to the to the opposite part, serving as a handle as well as to keep it from collapsing]: (TA:) of the masc. gender [whereas دَلْوٌ is fem.]: (M:) pl. [of pauc.] أَسْلُمٌ and [of mult.] سِلَامٌ, (M, K,) and Lh mentions as its pl. أَسَالِمُ, which is extr. [unless as a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of أَسْلُمٌ]. (M.) سِلْمٌ Peace, or reconciliation; as also ↓ سَلْمٌ; (S, M, Msb, K;) masc. and fem.; (S, Msb, K; *) and ↓ سَلَمٌ and ↓ سَلَامٌ are like سِلْمٌ [in signification]: (M: [the context there shows that the signification mentioned above is what is meant in this instance:]) or سِلْمٌ signifies the making peace, or becoming at peace or reconciled, with another or others; (Ham p. 80;) as also ↓ سَلْمٌ; and both are sometimes fem. as being syn. with مُصَالَحَةٌ. (L voce جَنَحَ, q. v.) In the saying of El-Aashà, أَذَاقَتْهُمُ الحَرْبُ أَنْفَاسَهَا

↓ وَقَدْ تُكْرَهُ الحَرْبُ بَعْدَ السِّلِمْ [War made them, or has made them, to taste its draughts, and verily war is disliked after peace], he has transferred the vowel of the م to the ل, in pausing; or it may be that he has inserted a kesreh in imitation of the preceding kesreh: it is not an instance like إِبِل, in the opinion of Sb; for in his opinion the latter is the only instance of its kind. (M.) It is said in a trad., respecting El-Hodeybiyeh, أَخَذَ ثَمَانِينَ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ سِلْمًا, or ↓ سَلْمًا, or ↓ سَلَمًا, accord. to different relations, meaning [He took forty of the people of Mekkeh] peaceably: thus expl. by El-Homeydee, in his “ Ghareeb. ” (TA. [See also سَلَمٌ below.]) b2: Also i. q. ↓ سَلَامٌ, (S, K, TA,) as signifying Selfresignation, or submission; (TA; [and thus the latter is expl. in one place in the S;]) which is also a signification of ↓ سَلَمٌ: (S, M, K, TA:) and this is meant in the Kur [iv. 96], where it is said, لَسْتَ مُؤْمِنًا ↓ وَلَا تَقُولُوا لِمَنْ أَلْقَى إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامَ, (Bd, TA,) or ↓ السَّلَمَ, as some read, (Bd,) [i. e. and say not ye to him who offers to you submission, Thou art not a believer:] or ↓ السَّلَامَ here means the salutation of الإِسْلَام [by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ]: (Bd, TA: *) or salutation, and submission by uttering the profession of الإِسْلَام; and so ↓ السَّلَمَ: (Jel:) [or the latter here means, simply, salutation; and this is app. what is meant by its being said that] السَّلَمُ is the subst. from التَّسْلِيمُ; (K;) [but accord. to SM,] this means the unreserved approval of what is decreed; and this is said to be meant by the reading السَّلَمَ mentioned above. (TA.) b3: And [hence] السِّلْمُ signifies also الإِسْلَامُ [as meaning The religion of the Muslims; because it is a religion of self-resignation, or submission]: (S, K:) this is meant in the Kur [ii. 204], where it is said, اُدْخُلُوا فِى السِّلْمِ كَافَّةً

[Enter ye into the religion of El-Islám wholly]; (S, Bd, Jel;) and so ↓ السَّلْمِ, as some there read; (Bd, Jel;) or both there mean submission and obedience to God: (Bd:) [and] ↓ السَّلَمُ [also] has the former meaning. (M.) A2: Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ سَلْمٌ, (M,) A man, (S, K, TA,) [and] a woman, (M,) who makes peace, or is at peace, with another; (S, M, K;) and in like manner, a company of men (قَوْمٌ). (M.) This is said to be meant in the Kur [xxxix. 30], where it is said, وَرَجْلًا سِلْمًا لِرَجُلٍ, as some read, i. e. And a man who is at peace with respect to a man: (TA:) or سِلْمًا and ↓ سَلْمًا and ↓ سَلَمًا, three different readings, in the place of [the more common reading]

سَالِمًا, are all inf. ns. of سَلِمَ, used as epithets [syn. with سَالِمًا], or ذَا is suppressed before them. (Bd.) You say, أَنَا سِلْمٌ لِمَنْ سَالَمَنِى [I am one who is at peace with respect to him who is at peace with me]. (S, TA.) And a poet says, [using this word in two different senses, the latter of which has been mentioned above,] لِأَهْلِكِ فَاقْبَلِى سِلْمِى أَنَائِلُ إِنَّنِى سِلْمٌ [O Náïleh, (نَائِلُ being for نَائِلَةٌ, a woman's name, apocopated,) verily I am one who is at peace with respect to thy family, therefore accept thou my submission]. (TA. [It seems to be there indicated by the context that سلمى here means my peace, or reconciliation; which is less appropriate than the meaning that I have assigned to it.]) سَلَمٌ: see سَلَامٌ: and see also سِلْمٌ, in seven places. b2: Also, in buying or selling, (Msb,) the subst. from أَسْلَمَ فِى الشَّىْءِ and سَلَّمَ signifying

أَسْلَفَ, (M,) i. q. سَلَفٌ; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. Any money, or property, paid in advance, or beforehand, as the price of a commodity for which the seller has become responsible and which one has bought on description: (T and TA in art. سلف:) or payment for a commodity to be delivered at a certain [future] period with something additional to [the equivalent of] the current price at the time of such payment; this [transaction] being a cause of profit to him who makes such payment: (TA in that art.:) or a sort of sale in which the price is paid in advance, and the commodity is withheld, on the condition of description, to a certain [future] period: (S and O in that art., in explanation of سَلَفٌ:) but it is said in a trad. that the term سَلَمٌ as meaning سَلَفٌ was disliked; app. because the former is applied to obedience, and self-resignation, or submission, to God. (TA.) A2: And The making [one] captive. (K. [See 1, in the latter part of the paragraph.]) A3: And A captive; (K;) because he submits himself. (TA.) One says, أَخَذَهُ سَلَمًا, (M, TA, [in the TK بِالسَّلَمِ,]) He took him [a captive], (TA,) or made him captive, (M,) without war: (M, TA:) or he brought him in a state of submission, not resisting; and so, if wounded: (IAar, M, TA:) and thus El-Khattábee has expl. the phrase in the trad. respecting El-Hodeybiyeh cited above, voce سِلْمٌ. (TA.) A4: Also A sort of tree, (S, M, Msb, K,) [the mimosa flava of Forskål, who writes its Arabic name in Italic characters syllæm, and in Arabic characters سليم, (Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. cxxiii.,)] a species (M) of the [kind of thorny trees called] عِضَاه, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, TA, [not غَضَاة, as in the Lexicons of Golius and Freytag,]) the leaves whereof are the قَرَظ, with which skin is tanned: (TA:) AHn says, its branches are long, like rods; and it has no wood such as is used in carpentry, even if it grows large: it has slender, long thorns, grievous when they wound the foot of a man; and a yellow [fruit such as is termed] بَرَمَة [n. un. of بَرَمٌ, see this word, and see also حُبْلَةٌ,] which is the sweetest of the بَرَم in odour; and they tan with its leaves: and it is said, on the authority of the Arabs of the desert, that it has a yellow flower, containing a green grain (حَبَّة خَضْرَآء [or this may mean a grain of a dark, or an ashy, dustcolour]), of sweet odour, in which is somewhat of bitterness, and of which the gazelles are very fond: (M:) the n. un. is with ة: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) and pl. أَسْلَامٌ, (M,) and سِلَامٌ is said by IB to be pl. of the n. un., like as إِكَامٌ is of أَكَمَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence,] ذَاتُ أَسْلَامٍ A land (أَرْض) that gives growth to the [trees called] سَلَم. (K.) See also سلَمَان.

سَلِمٌ Stones; (S, M;) as also ↓ سِلَامٌ: (M:) and ↓ سَلِمَةٌ [as n. un. of the former and sing. of the latter, (incorrectly written by Freytag, in one place, سَلَمَةٌ, and incorrectly said by him to be of the dial. of the people of Himyer,)] signifies a stone: (S, M, Mgh, Msb:) [or] the pl. [or quasipl. n.] of سَلِمَةٌ in this sense is ↓ سَلَامٌ, like كَلَامٌ in measure: (Msb:) or ↓ سَلِمَةٌ signifies stones; (K;) or hard stones; (TA;) and ↓ سِلَامٌ is its pl.: (K:) [said to be] so called because of their freedom (سلَامَة) from softness: (TA:) or this last signifies stones, the small thereof and the large; and they assign to it no sing.: (ISh, TA:) or سلام [probably meaning ↓ سَلَامٌ] is a quasi-pl. n.: (Aboo-Kheyreh, TA:) and it is also said to be a name for any broad stone. (TA.) See also سَلَمَان. A poet says, (namely, Bujeyr Ibn-'Anameh, IB, TA,) يَرْمِى وَرَائِى بِامْسَهْكِ وَامْسَهْمِ وَامْسَلِمَهْ [He casts from behind me (i. e. defends me) with the arrow and the stone]: this [usage of ام for ال] is of the dial. of [Teiyi and] Himyer. (S, TA.) السِّلِمْ for السِّلْمْ: see سِلْمٌ, second sentence.

سَلِمَةٌ: see سَلِمٌ, in two places: and سَلَمَان.

A2: Also A woman soft, or tender, in the أَطْرَاف [or fingers, or other extremities]. (K.) b2: And An old and weak she-camel. (IAar, TA in art. سد.) سَلْمَى A certain plant (K, TA) which becomes green in the [season called] صَيْف [app. here meaning spring]. (TA.) b2: أَبُو سَلْمَى The [species of lizard called] وَزَغ: (K:) or, some say, [as is said in the M,] ↓ أَبُو سَلْمَانَ. (TA.) b3: See also the next paragraph. b4: [In the CK, by a mistranscription, a meaning belonging to سُلَامَى is assigned to سَلْمَى.]

السَّلْمَآء, accord. to Aboo-Mis-hal, as meaning The earth, occurs in the prov., أَنْفٌ قِى المَآءِ وَاسْتٌ فِى السَّلْمَآءِ [A nose in the water and a rump on the earth]: and if this be correct, it may be derived from سلام [i. e. سِلَامٌ] meaning “ stones: ” and it may be originally ↓ السَّلْمَى, and lengthened for the sake of the rhyme. (Ham p. 214.) [But the reading commonly known is, أَنْفٌ فِى السَّلْمَآءِ وَاسْتٌ فِى المَآءِ.]

هُوَ سَلْمَانُ بَيْتِهِ He is the special, or particular, friend of his [another's] house; one who mixes with him much: from the saying of the Prophet, سَلْمَانُ مِنَّا أَهْلِ البَيْتِ [Selmán is of us, the people of the house]; referring to Selmán El-Fárisee. (Har p. 472.) b2: أَبُو سَلْمَانَ: see سَلْمَى. b3: Also A species of the [black beetles called] جِعْلَان [pl. of جُعَلٌ, q. v.]: (M:) or i. q. جُعَلٌ, (IAar, K,) or أَبُو جَعْرَان, with fet-h [app. a mistake for kesr] to the ج: (Kr, TA:) or the largest of the جِعْلَان: or a certain insect like the جُعَل, having a pair of wings: (TA:) or the male of the [black beetles called] خَنَافِس [pl. of خُنْفَسَآءُ, q. v.]. (IAar, TA in art. فرض.) سَلَمَان or سَلِمَان, accord. to different readings, occurs in a trad. of Ibn-'Omar, in which it is said, كَانَ يُصَلِّى عِنْدَ سَلَمَانٍ فِى طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ [He used to pray at certain selem-trees, or certain stones, in the road of Mekkeh]: each may be a pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.]; the former, of ↓ سَلَمَةٌ, the “ tree so called; ” the latter, of ↓ سَلِمَةٌ, “ stones ” [or a “ stone: ” but both of these explanations are strange]. (TA.) سَلَامٌ, (S, K, TA,) in its primary acceptation, (TA,) is syn. with ↓ سَلَامَةٌ, (S, K, TA,) as is also ↓ سَلَمٌ, (S, [so in one of my copies, but omitted in the other copy,]) and signifies Safety, security, immunity, or freedom, from faults, defects, imperfections, blemishes, or vices, (S, * [mentioned in one only of my two copies, and there as relating peculiarly to the third word,] K, [in which it ostensibly relates peculiarly to the first word, but in the CK, by the omission of a و before it, it is made to relate only to the second word,] and TA, [accord. to which it relates to the first and second words, as it is well known to do,]) and from evils of any kind: (TA:) or [simply] safety, security, immunity, or freedom; as also ↓ سَلَامَةٌ: (Sb, M:) IKt says that these two words may be dial. vars. [syn. each with the other]; or the former may be pl. of the latter [or rather a coll. gen. n. of which the latter is the n. un.]: (M, TA:) and Suh says, in the R, that most of the lexicologists hold them to have one [and the same] meaning: but that if they considered the language of the Arabs, and the distinction, or limitation, denoted by the ة, they would see that between them is a great difference [inasmuch as the former has a large range of meaning which the latter has not, as will be seen from what follows]. (TA.) سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ is an announcement of the continuance of سَلَامَة [or safety, &c.]: (Bd in xiii. 24:) [it may therefore be rendered Safety, &c., be, or light and abide, on you; or, generally, peace be, or light and abide, on you; for] it means nothing disliked, or evil, shall befall you henceforth: (Bd in xvi. 34:) and سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ [may be rendered in like manner; for it virtually] means I will not do to thee anything that is disliked, or evil; (Bd and Jel in xix. 48;) nor say to thee henceforward what would annoy thee, or be disagreeable, or evil, to thee. (Bd ibid.) It may also be [rendered May safety, &c., or peace, be, or light and abide, on you; as] a prayer for سَلَامَة, to those to whom it is addressed, from the state in which they are at the time. (Bd in xxviii. 55.) [It is generally held that this salutation may not be used by, nor to, any but a Muslim.] In the beginning of an epistle, the approved practice is to write سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ, without the article ال; and in repeating it, at the end, to write it with that article. (Durrat el-Ghowwás, in De Sacy's Anthol. Gramm. Arabe, p. 72 of the Arabic text. [In the latter case, the general practice in the present day is to write simply وَالسَّلَام, suppressing عَلَيْكَ.]) In saluting the dead, one puts عَلَيْكَ first, saying, عَلَيْكَ سَلَامُ اللّٰهِ. (Ham p. 367.) You also say, مَا كَانَ كَذَا وَكَذَا ↓ لَا بِسَلَامَتِكَ [No, by thy safety, such and such things were not]. (S.) السُّلَامُ is also a name of God, (S, M, Msb, K,) [applied to Him in the Kur lix. 23, accord. to some for ذُو السَّلَامِ, i. e. ذُو السَّلَامَةِ,] because of his safety, or freedom, from defect, and imperfection, and cessation of existence; (IKt, M, TA;) or from variations, and as being the everlasting, who brings the creation to nought and will not come to nought; or, accord. to Suh in the R, He is so named [as being the Author of Safety, Security, &c.; i. e.] because He has rendered all his creatures safe, or free, from defectiveness, or unsoundness, and mankind and the jinn, or genii, from the betiding of injustice, or wrong, to them, from Him; and the expositors who assert that He is thus named because of his safety, or freedom, from imperfections, and evils of any kind, utter an unseemly saying, making سَلَامٌ to be syn. with ↓ سَالِمٌ, which latter applies only to him who is liable to evil of any kind, and who expects it, and then becomes safe, or free, from it. (TA.) دَارُ السَّلَامِ is an appellation of Paradise, (M, K,) [applied thereto in the Kur vi. 127 and x. 26,] as being the abode of everlasting safety, or security; (Zj, M, TA;) the abode of safety, or security, from evils of any kind, from death and decrepitude and diseases [&c.]: (TA:) or as being the abode of God. (M, TA.) b2: See also سِلْمٌ, in four places. b3: [As is there stated,] it signifies also Salutation, or greeting; (M, TA;) particularly the salutation of الإِسْلَام [by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ or سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ, expl. above]; (Bd in iv. 96;) a subst. (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) from سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ, (Msb,) [i. e.] from التُّسْلِيمُ, (S, Mgh, TA,) like كَلَامٌ from التَّكْلِيمُ. (Mgh. [See 2, third sentence.]) b4: In the saying in the Kur [xxv. 64], وَإِذَا خَاطَبَهُمُ الْجَاهِلُونَ قَالُوا سَلَامًا [And when the ignorant speak to them, they say, سَلَامًا], this last word signifies تَسَلُّمًا, (Sb, M,) or تَسَلُّمًا مِنْكُمْ [ for نَتَسَلَّمُ مِنْكُمْ تَسَلُّمًا We declare ourselves to be clear, or quit, of you], and مُتَارَكَهً لَلُمْ [ for نُتَارِكُكُمْ مُتَارَكَةً we relinquish you], (Bd,) [and means] there shall be neither good nor evil between us (Sb, M, Bd) and you: it is not the سلام that is used in salutation; for the verse was revealed at Mekkeh, and the Muslims had not then been commanded to salute the believers in a plurality of gods: (Sb, M:) [in iv. 88 of the Kur, which was promulgated afterwards, at ElMedeeneh, is a general command to return a salutation with a better or with the same; but the Sunneh prescribes that the salutation of سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ or سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ when addressed to a Muslim by one not a Muslim is to be returned only by saying وَعَلَيْكَ or وَعَلَيْكُمْ:] or the meaning in xxv. 64 is, they say a right saying, in which they are secure from harming and sinning. (Bd.) Sb asserts that Aboo-Rabee'ah used to say, إِذَا لَقِيتَ فُلَانًا فَقُلْ سَلَامًا, meaning تَسَلُّمًا [for أَتَسَلَّمُ مِنْكَ تَسَلُّمًا, i. e. When thou meetest such a one, say, I declare myself to be clear, or quit, of thee]: and he says that some of them said سَلَامٌ, meaning The case of me and thee is the [case of] being clear, or quit, each of the other; and the [case of] mutual relinquishing. (M.) [It is usual, in the present day, to say, اِفْعَلْ كَذَا وَالسَّلَام, meaning Do thou such a thing, and there will be an end of altercation between us.]

A2: See also سَلِيمٌ.

A3: Also A kind of trees; (S, M, Msb, K;) they assert that they are evergreen; nothing eats them; but the gazelles keep to them, and protect themselves by their shade, but do not hide among them; and they are not great trees, nor of the kind called عِضَاه: (AHn, M:) they are also called ↓ سِلَامٌ; (K;) or this is pl. of سَلَمَةٌ [n. un. of سَلَمٌ], which is of another kind; like as إِكَامٌ is pl. of أَكَمَةٌ: (IB, TA:) n. un. with ة. (S, M.) السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ was said to an Arab of the desert; and he replied, الجَثْجَاثُ عَلَيْكَ: and being asked, “ What is this reply? ” he answered, “They are two bitter trees: thou hast put upon me one, so I have put upon thee the other. ” (K.) A4: See also سَلِمٌ, in two places.

سِلَامٌ: see سَلِمٌ, in two places: A2: and the paragraph here next preceding, last sentence but two.

سَلِيمٌ i. q. ↓ سَالِمٌ, (S, M, K,) which means Safe, secure, or free, (Msb,) from evils of any kind; (K, Msb, TA;) applied to a man: (M:) pl. سُلَمَآءُ; (M, K, TA;) in some copies of the K سَلْمَى, like جَرْحَى pl. of جَرِيحٌ; (TA;) [but this is probably its pl. only when it is used in the sense of جَرِيحٌ or the like, as seems to be the case from what follows.] Also, (M,) applied to a heart: (S, M:) بِقَلْبٍ سَلِيمٍ, in the Kur xxvi. 89, means With a heart free from unbelief: (M, TA:) or, divested of corruptness, or unsoundness: (Er-Rághib, TA:) in the Kur xxxvii. 82, some say that it means with a grieving, or sorrowful, heart; from سَلِيمٌ in the sense here next following. (Bd.) b2: Also i. q. لَدِيغٌ [meaning Bitten by a serpent]; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ سَلَامٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَسْلُومٌ: (K:) app., (S,) as implying a good omen, of safety; (S, M;) or because the person is left (مُسْلَمٌ) to that [bane] which is in him: (IAar, S, * M:) and sometimes it is metaphorically used as meaning (tropical:) wounded: (M:) or it means wounded, at the point of death, (M, K,) as some say: (M:) pl. سَلْمَى. (M, and Ham p. 214.) A2: Also, (M, K,) of a horse, (M,) The part, of the hoof, that is between the أَشْعَر [or hair, or extremity of the skin, next the hoof], (M, TA,) or that is between the أَمْعَر [q. v.], (K,) but the former is the right, (TA,) and the interior of the hoof. (M, K, TA.) سَلَامَةٌ [the most usual inf. n. of سَلِمَ]: see سَلَامٌ, in three places.

A2: Also n. un. of سَلَامٌ applied to a kind of trees [described above]. (S, K.) سُلَامَى, a noun of the fem. gender, (Msb,) A certain bone that is in the فِرْسِن [q. v., here meaning foot] of the camel: (S, K:) this is said by A'Obeyd to be the primary signification: (S:) or the سُلَامَى of the camel are the bones of the فُرْسِن [or foot]: (M:) [for] سُلَامَى is used alike as sing. and pl., and sometimes it has also a pl., (S,) which is سُلَامَيَاتٌ: (S, M, K:) or it is a pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.], of which the sing. [or n. un.] is سُلَامَيَةٌ, signifying the أَنْمَلَة [q. v.] of [any of] the fingers: (IAth, TA:) [but this is a strange explanation:] it is said that the last parts in which مُخّ [here meaning marrow or pulp and the like] remains in a camel when he has become emaciated are the سُلَامَى and eye; and when it has gone from these, he has none remaining: (S:) the pl. سُلَامَيَاتٌ, (S, TA,) or سُلَامَى, (M, Msb,) also signifies the bones of the أَصَابِع, (S, M,) so says Kh, and Zj adds that they are also called the قَصَب, (Msb,) of the hand and of the foot; (M;) [i. e., of the fingers and of the toes; and this seems to be the most common meaning, in relation to a human being; namely, the phalanges of the fingers and of the toes;] that are between every two joints [and what are beyond the extreme joints] of the أَصَابِع: accord. to Lth, the سلامى are the bones of the أَصَابِع [or fingers and toes] and the أَشَاجِع and the أَكَارِع, and are hard and compact bones like كِعَاب [pl. of كَعْبٌ]: (TA: [see the words that I have here left untranslated, for the senses in which they are here used are doubtful:]) accord. to IAar, (M,) certain small bones, of the length of the إِصْبَع [or finger], (M, K,) or nearly so, (M,) or less, (K,) of which there are four, or three, (M,) [or app., five, for the meaning here seems to be the metacarpal and metatarsal bones, to which the terms سُلَامَى and سُلَامَيَاتٌ are sometimes applied, (see أَشْجَعُ and مُشْظٌ,)] in the hand and in the foot, (K,) [i. e.] in each hand and foot: (M:) Ktr says that the سلاميات are the عُرُوق [app. a mistake for عِظَام i. e. bones] of the outer side of the hand and foot: (Msb:) سلامى is also said to signify any small hollow bone: and any bone of a human being: and ISh says that in every horse are six سلاميات [app. in the fore legs and the same in the hind legs; for he seems to mean that the term سلامى is applied to each of the pasternbones and to the coffin-bone; these three corresponding to the phalanges of a human being: see فَصٌّ]: (TA:) it is not allowable to write سلامى otherwise than with what is termed the short alif. (MF, TA.) A2: سُلَامَى, (M, K,) like سُكَّارَى, (K, TA, [in the CK like سَكْرٰى, which is shown to be wrong by a verse cited in the M and TA,]) signifies also The [south, or southerly, wind called] جَنُوب. (M, K.) سَلَامَانٌ A kind of tree, (S, M, K,) growing in soft, or plain, tracts: (M:) Az says, it is like the أَلَآء, which is a tree resembling the myrtle, which changes not in the midst of summer, and which has a produce resembling the head [or ear] of millet (ذُرَة), except that it is smaller than the الآء; tooth-sticks (مَسَاوِيك) are made from it; and its produce is like that of the الآء; and it grows in the sands and the deserts: (TA in art. الأ:) n. un. with ة. (M.) نَمْلُ سُلَيْمَانُ Red ants [lit. the ants of Solomon]. (TA voce أَحْوَى, in art. حو.) سُلَّمٌ A ladder, or a series of stairs or steps, syn. مِرْقَاةٌ, (M, K,) and دَرَجَةٌ, (M,) or مِعْرَاجٌ, (Msb,) upon which one ascends; (S, Mgh;) either of wood or of clay [&c.]: (Mgh:) said by Zj to be so called because it delivers thee (يُسَلِّمُكَ) to the place to which thou desirest to go, (Mgh, TA,) i. e., to some high place, and thou hopest for safety (السَّلَامَة) by means of it: (Er-Rághib, TA:) masc. and fem.; (Lth, M, Mgh;) [app., accord. to Lth and F, generally fem.; for] accord. to Lth, one says, هِىَ السُّلَّمُ and هُوَ السُّلَّمُ; (Mgh;) [and F says,] it is sometimes made masc.: (K:) pl. سَلَالِيمُ (S, Mgh, K) and سَلَالِمُ, (K,) [which latter is the original, for] the ى in سَلَالِيمُ is added by poetic license. (M, TA.) [Hence,] السُّلَّمُ (assumed tropical:) Certain stars, below [those called] العَانَةُ, on the right of them; (K;) as being likened to the سُلَّم [above-mentioned]. (TA.) b2: And The غَرْز [or stirrup of the camel's saddle] (S, K) is sometimes thus called [as being a means of mounting]. (S.) b3: And (tropical:) A means to a thing; (K, TA;) because it leads to another thing like as does the سُلَّم upon which one ascends. (TA.) b4: And السُّلَّمُ is the name of The horse of Zebbán (in the CK Zeiyán) Ibn-Seiyár. (K.) سَالِمٌ: see سَلِيمٌ; and see سَلَامٌ, near the middle of the paragraph. [See also an ex. voce شَاجِبٌ.]

b2: [Hence,] كَلِمَةٌ سَالِمَةُ العَيْنَيْنِ (tropical:) A good word or expression or sentence. (TA.) A2: The saying of J [in the S], (K,) in which he has followed his maternal uncle El-Fárábee, (TA,) that it signifies The portion of skin between the eye and the nose, is a mistake; (IB, K;) and his citation, as an authority, of the verse of 'AbdAllah Ibn-'Omar (K) in which he says, وَجِلْدَةُ بَيْنَ العَيْنِ وَالأَنْفِ سَالِمُ (TA,) is futile: (K:) for, as IB says, Sálim was the son of Ibn-'Omar, who, by reason of his love of him, thus makes him to be as the skin between his eyes and his nose: or, as MF says, the truth is, that the said verse is by Zuheyr, and Ibn-'Omar used it as a proverb: and [SM says], if this be correct, it strengthens the saying of J. (TA.) أَسْلَمُ [More, and most, safe or secure or free from evils of any kind]. You say, هٰذَا أَسْلَمُ مِنْ هٰذَا [This is more safe &c. than this]: and هٰذَا الأَسْلَمُ [This is the most safe &c.]; and هٰذِهِ السُّلْمَى. (Ham p. 214.) A2: And الاسلم [app. الأَسْلَمُ] signifies, like الطفى [i. e. الطَّفْىُ]; The leaves (خُوص) of the دَوْم [or Theban palm]. (Ibn-Beytár, app. from AHn, cited by De Sacy in his Chrest. Arabe, 2nd ed., iii. 480.) الإِسْلَامُ [inf. n. of 4, q. v. b2: It is the general term for The religion of Mohammad: differing from الإِيمَانُ, as shown above: see 4. b3: and hence, for أَهْلُ الإِسْلَامِ, or the like,] The Muslims, collectively. (M in art. بيض, &c.) إِسْلَامِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, الأِسْلَام as meaning the religion of Mohammad. b2: And particularly] A poet of the class next after the مُخَضْرَمُون and next before the مُوَلَّدُون. (Mz 49th نوع.) [See the Preface to the present work, p. ix.] The most celebrated of the poets of this class, it seems, were Jereer, El-Farezdak, El-Akhtal, and Dhu-rRummeh, who were contemporaries, and flourished in the first and second centuries of the Flight. (Mz ubi suprà, and Ibn-Khillikán in art. جَرِير.) b3: لَفْظٌ إِسْلَامِىٌّ A word, or phrase, introduced, or used in a new sense, on the occasion of the promulgation and establishment of the religion of الإِسْلَام, by means of the Kur-án &c. (Mz 20th نوع.) الأُسَيْلِمُ [The vena salvatella;] a certain vein (S, M, K) in the hand, (M,) between the little finger and the finger next to this: (S, K:) it occurs only [thus] in the dim. form. (M.) مُسْلِمٌ act. part. n. of 4 [q. v.]. (Msb.) وَاجْعَلْنَا مُسْلِمِينَ لَكَ, in the Kur ii. 122, means And make both of us self-resigned, or submissive, to Thee: (Bd, Jel:) or, sincere in religion, or without hypocrisy, towards Thee; syn. مُخْلِصَيْنِ: (M, Bd:) and therefore مسلمين is made trans. by means of ل. (M.) b2: [It commonly means One who holds, or professes, the religion of الإِسْلَام.] And one says, ↓ كَأَنَ كَافِرًا ثُمَّ هُوَاليَوْمَ مُسْلَمَةٌ [He was an unbeliever: then, to day, he has become a Muslim]. (M.) مَسْلَمَةٌ: see what next precedes.

المُسَلَّم is said to be used in the sense of ↓ المُسْتَلَم in the saying of El-'Ajjáj, بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالكَعْبَةِ المُسَلَّممِ [Between Es-Safà and the Kaabeh of which the Black Stone is touched with the hand, or kissed: see 8]. (M.) مَسْلُومٌ: see سَلِيمٌ. b2: b3: Also A hide, or skin, tanned with [قَرَظ, or leaves of] the سَلَم. (S, M.) أَرْضٌ مَسْلُومَآءُ A land abounding with the trees called سَلَم. (M, K.) b2: Suh says, on the authority of AHn, that مَسْلُومَآءُ is a name for A collection of سَلَم; like مَشْيُوخَآءُ applied to “ many elders, or men advanced in age. ” (TA.) المُسْتَلَم: see المُسَلَّم. b2: مُسْتَلَمُ القَدَمَيْنِ meansA man soft, or tender, in the feet. (TA.)

(س ل م) : (سَلِمَ) مِنْ الْآفَاتِ (وَمِنْهُ) قَوْلُهُ سَلِمَتْ لَهُ الضَّيْعَةُ أَيْ خَلَصَتْ وَبِمَصْدَرِهِ سُمِّيَتْ (سَلَّامَةُ) بِنْتُ مَعْقِلٍ أَمَةُ الْحُتَاتِ بِضَمِّ الْحَاءِ وَالتَّاءَيْنِ بِنُقْطَتَيْنِ مِنْ فَوْقَ وَقِيلَ بِالْبَاءَيْنِ بِنُقْطَةٍ وَالسَّارِقَةُ فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ (وَبِاسْمِ الْفَاعِلِ) مِنْهُ سُمِّيَ سَالِمُ ابْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ رَاوِي حَدِيثِ رَفْعِ الْيَدَيْنِ (وَبِفَعَّالِ الْمُبَالَغَةِ) سُمِّيَ وَالِدُ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ وَأَبِي نَصْرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ (وَبِفَعْلَانَ مِنْهُ) سُمِّيَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ وَسَلْمَانُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ الْبَاهِلِيُّ قَاضِي الْكُوفَةِ (وَسَلْمَانُ) أَيْضًا حَيٌّ مِنْ الْعَرَبِ إلَيْهِ يُنْسَبُ عُبَيْدَةُ السَّلْمَانِيُّ مِنْ التَّابِعِينَ وَالْمُحَدِّثُونَ عَلَى التَّحْرِيكِ وَأَنْكَرَهُ السِّيرَافِيُّ (وَأَمَّا سُلَيْمَانُ) فَأَعْجَمِيٌّ (وَالسَّلَمُ) بِفَتْحَتَيْنِ مِنْ الْعِضَاهِ (وَبِوَاحِدَتِهِ) سُمِّيَ سَلَمَةُ بْنُ صَخْرٍ الْبَيَاضِيُّ (وَكُنِّيَ) أَبُو سَلَمَةَ زَوْجُ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَبْلَ النَّبِيِّ - عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ - وَأَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ (وَقَوْلُهُ) السُّلَّمُ لَا يَدْخُلُ فِي الْبَيْعِ مِنْ غَيْرِ ذِكْرٍ سَوَاءٌ كَانَ مِنْ خَشَبٍ أَوْ مَدَرٍ يَعْنِي: الْمِعْرَاجَ وَهُوَ مَا يُعْرَجُ فِيهِ وَيُرْتَقَى عَلَيْهِ وَقَدْ يُؤَنَّثُ قَالَ اللَّيْثُ يُقَالُ هِيَ السُّلَّمُ وَهُوَ السُّلَّمُ وَالْجَمْع السَّلَالِيمُ قَالَ الزَّجَّاجُ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - سُمِّيَ بِهَذَا لِأَنَّهُ يُسَلِّمُك إلَى حَيْثُ تُرِيدُ (وَأَسْلَمَ الثَّوْبَ) إلَى الْخَيَّاطِ وَأَسْلَمَ فِي الْبُرِّ أَسْلَفَ مِنْ السَّلَمِ وَأَصْلُهُ أَسْلَمَ الثَّمَنَ فِيهِ فَحُذِفَ وَقَدْ جَاءَ عَلَى الْأَصْلِ (مِنْهُ) قَوْلُهُ إذَا أَسْلَمَ صُوفًا فِي لَبْدٍ أَوْ شَعْرًا فِي مِسْحٍ لَمْ يَجُزْ وَسَلَّمَ إلَيْهِ وَدِيعَتَهُ تَسْلِيمًا (وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ) لَا يَتِمُّ الرَّهْنُ حَتَّى يَقُولَ الرَّاهِنُ بَعْدَمَا خَرَجَ مَنْ الدَّارِ سَلَّمْتُكَهَا عَلَى حَذْفِ الْجَارِّ فَسَهْوٌ (وَالسَّلَامُ) اسْمٌ مِنْ التَّسْلِيمِ كَالْكَلَامِ مِنْ التَّكْلِيمِ (وَبِهِ) سُمِّيَ وَالِدُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ وَكَذَا سَلَامُ بْنُ مِشْكَمٍ عَنْ الْأَزْهَرِيِّ وَغَيْرِهِ وَهُوَ أَبُو زَيْنَبَ وَكَانَ مِنْ الْيَهُودِ وَيُنْشَدُ لِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ
سَقَانِي فَرَوَانِي كُمَيْتًا مُدَامَةً ... عَلَى ظَمَإٍ مِنِّي سَلَامُ بْنُ مِشْكَمِ
وَأَبُو نَصْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَامٍ وَاسْتَلَمَ الْحَجَرَ تَنَاوَلَهُ بِالْيَدِ أَوْ بِالْقُبْلَةِ أَوْ مَسَحَهُ بِالْكَفِّ مِنْ السَّلِمَةِ بِفَتْحِ السِّينِ وَكَسْرِ اللَّامِ وَهِيَ الْحَجَرُ (وَبِهَا سُمِّيَ) بَنُو سَلِمَةَ بَطْنٌ مِنْ الْأَنْصَارِ.

(سلم) - فيَ الحديث: "ما من آدمي إلا ومَعَه شيطان. قيل: ومَعَك؟
قال: نعم، ولكن الله تَعَالى أَعانَني عليه، فأَسْلَمُ"
وفي رواية: "حتَّى أَسْلَم".
: أي انْقادَ وكَفَّ عن وَسْوَسَتِى. وقيل: دَخَل في الإسْلام، فسَلِمتُ من شَرِّه.

سلس

1 سَلِسَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. سَلَسٌ and سَلَاسَةٌ and سُلُوسَةٌ, [It was, or became, loose, not tight; as meaning slack; the only signification indicated by ISd; (see سَلِسٌ, below;) and also as meaning unsteady:] (M:) [in the K, سَلَسٌ and سَلَاسَةٌ are said to be simply substs.: see the former of these two words below.] b2: سَلِسَ, (Msb, TA,) aor. ـَ inf. n. سَلَسٌ (Msb) [and app. سَلَاسَةٌ also, (see سَلَسٌ below,)] said of a colt, (TA,) [and of a horse, and, tropically, of a man, (see سَلِسٌ,)] He was, or became, tractable, submissive, compliant, obsequious, (TA;) or easy, (Msb, TA,) and gentle. (Msb.) You say, سَلِسَ لِى بِحَقِّى (tropical:) (He was easy to me in giving me my due, or right]. (A, TA.) And سَلِسَ بَوْلُهُ, (TA,) inf. n. سَلَسٌ, (Msb,) (assumed tropical:) His urine flowed involuntarily; he was unable to retain his urine; (Msb, TA;) by reason of disease. (Msb.) [The explanations of سَلَسٌ and سَلِسٌ &c. below will serve to give further illustrations of this verb.] b3: سَلِسَتِ النَّخْلَةُ, aor. ـَ The palm-tree lost the stumps, or lower ends, of its branches; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) as also ↓ أَسْلَسَت: and the epithet applied to the palm-tree in this case is ↓ مِسْلَاسٌ; (K;) or, accord. to the Tekmileh and O and L, ↓ مُسْلِسٌ; but it seems that ↓ نَخْلَةٌ مُسْلِسٌ means a palm-tree that lets fall and strews its unripe dates; and ↓ مِسْلَاسٌ, that usually does thus: (TA:) and ↓ سَلَسٌ meanswhat falls from the palm-tree. (Ibn-Abbád, TA.) b4: سَلِسَتِ الخَشَبَةُ, (inf. n. سَلَسٌ, TA,) The piece of wood became old and crumbling and wasted. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) A2: سُلِسَ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. سَلْسٌ and سَلَسٌ, (IAar, M,) He became bereft of reason. (S, M, K.) 2 سلّس, (Ibn-'Abbád,) inf. n. تَسْلِيسٌ, (K,) He set, fixed, or put together, a composite ornament, of the ornaments worn by women, not consisting of خَزَر [or beads]. (Ibn-'Abbád, K, * TA.) 4 أَسْلَسَتْ She (a camel) produced her young one before the completion of the days: (T, K:) the epithet applied to her in this case is ↓ مُسْلِسٌ; and to the young one, ↓ مُسْلَسٌ, (TA,) and ↓ سَلَسٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) b2: See also 1.

سَلْسٌ A string upon which beads, (M,) or white beads worn by female slaves, (S, K,) are strung: (S, M, K:) pl. سُلُوسٌ: (S, M:) or [a woman's ear-drop; i. e.] the woman's ornament called قُرط. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b2: And [the pl.]

سُلُوسٌ signifies also Women's mufflers, or headcoverings; syn. خُمرٌ [pl. of خِمَارٌ]: so says IAar; and he cites as an ex., قَدْ مَلَأَتْ مَرْكُوَّهَا رُؤُوسَا كَأَنَّ فِيهِ عُجُزًا جُلُوسًا شُمْطَ الرُّؤُوسِ أَلْقَتِ السُّلُوسَا [They (referring to camels) had filled their watering-trough with heads, as though there were in it old women sitting, with grizzled heads, having thrown off the mufflers]: they having eaten of [the kind of plants, or trees, called]

حَمْض, so that their faces and heads had become white, he likens them to old women that had thrown off the mufflers. (M.) سَلَسٌ and ↓ سَلاسَةٌ [said in the M to be inf. ns. of سَلِسَ, (q. v.,) and in the K to be simply substs., signify, as substs., Looseness; as meaning slackness; and as meaning unsteadiness: b2: and also] Easiness, gentleness, tractableness, submissiveness; compliance, or obsequiousness. (S, K.) [Hence,] one says, ↓ فِى كَلَامِهِ سَلَاسَةٌ (tropical:) [In his speech is easiness]. (A.) A2: For the former, see also 1: b2: and 4.

سَلِسٌ part. n. of سَلِسَ; as also ↓ سَالِسٌ: (M:) Loose, not tight; meaning [slack; (see 1, first sentence;) and also] unsteady; applied to a nail, (A, TA,) and to any other thing. (TA.) A rájiz says, ↓ مَمْكُورَةٌ غَرْثَى الوِشَاحِ السَّالِسِ تَضْحَكُ عَنْ ذِى أُشُر ٍ غُضَارِسِ [A female of slender make, whose loose وِشَاح (q. v.) required more than it had within it to fill it, laughing so as to discover cool and sweet serrated and sharp teeth]. (M, TA.) b2: Easy; applied to a thing: (S:) easy, (Msb, K,) gentle; (S, Msb, K;) tractable; submissive; compliant; obsequious; (S, K;) applied [to a horse and the like, and, tropically,] to a man. (S.) You say, فَرَسٌ سَلِسُ القِيَادِ [A horse easy to be led; tractable]. (A.) And فُلَانٌ سَلِسُ القِيَادِ and القِيَادِ ↓ مِسْلَاسُ (tropical:) [Such a one is easy to be led, or persuaded; tractable, submissive, or compliant]. (A.) b3: (tropical:) A man easy in private conference; expl. by سَهْلُ الخَلْوَةِ. (Msb.) b4: Beverage, or wine, that descends gently or easily [down the throat]. (TA.) b5: سَلِسُ البَوْلِ A man whose urine flows involuntarily; who is unable to retain his urine; (S, A, Msb, K;) by reason of disease. (Msb.) سَلِسَةٌ A certain herb, bearing a near resemblance to the نَصِىّ, (AHn, M, K, * TA,) except that it has a grain like that of the [species of barley called] سُلْت; (AHn, TA;) and when it dries up, it has an awn that flies about, when it is put in motion, like arrows, sticking into the eyes and the nostrils, and often blinding the pasturing beasts: (AHn, M, TA:) the places of its growth are the plain, or soft, tracts. (AHn, TA.) سُلَاسٌ Loss, or departure, of reason or intellect. (S, M, K.) سَلَاسَةٌ: see سَلَسٌ, in two places.

سَالِسٌ: see سَلِسٌ, in two places.

مُسْلَسٌ: see 4.

مُسْلِسٌ: see 1, in two places: b2: and see also 4.

مُسَلَّسٌ A sword having wavy marks resembling a chain: occurring in a verse of Ibn-Kilábeh ElHudhalee, as some relate it; but accord. to others, مُلَسْلَس, formed by transposition from مُسَلْسَل. (TA.) مِسْلَاسٌ: see سَلِسٌ: b2: and see also 1, latter part, in two places.

مَسْلُوسٌ Bereft of reason, or intellect; (S, M;) and [of bulk] of body, (M, TA,) as some say; but accord. to the T, one says رَجُلٌ مَسْلُوسٌ in respect of his reason, or intellect, but مَهْلُوسٌ in respect of his body: (TA:) possessed, or insane. (K.)

وطأ:
وَطئَ: وطأ فلاناً: المعنى الحرفي داس بالقدم ومجازاً: أساء معاملة الخصم، قتله، نهب أمواله. (معجم البلاذري 11:230): فوطئهم وسبى منهم (2:270): بعث إلى القرى الخيل ليطأهم. وكذلك: جال في البلاد لتخريبها، ونهبها (وفيه 9:194): فوطى بلاد ارآن. ويقال اشتدت (أو ثقلت) عليهم وطأته (معجم البلاذري).
وطئ فلاناً: ب: (أساء إليه (البلاذري)). وطّى: في (محيط المحيط): ( ... والفراش دمثّه وسهّله، والأمر مهّده .. والعامة تقول وطيَّ) (بقطر).
وطّى: مهّد (الكالا، قرطاس 2:33): فوطَّاها (الأرض) للجامع هكذا يجب أن تقرأ هذه الجملة بدلاً من فرضاها. أما المعنى المجازي لكلمة مهّد فمثاله ما ورد عند (ابن خلدون، المقدمة، مخطوط 7:4): هو الذي وطأ الملك لعقبه بالأندلس؛ أنظر (دي ساسي كرست 7:139:1) (الذي = في المقدمة 5:24:1): ووطئه (الكتاب) للناس توطئة؛ (دي ساسي): (عالجه بحيث أصبح في متناول كل إنسان)؛ (وفي دي سلان): (جعله مثل الطريق الذي حسن بناؤه فأصبح سهلاً لكل الناس).
وطَّى حسّه: خفض صوته (بقطر)؛ وطى رأسه: أحناه (بقطر) لواه (همبرت 152): وطى شوشنه: أنزل عُرفَه وكذلك فقد كبرياءه أو قواه (بقطر)؛ وطىّ قدره: تذلل انحطّ (بقطر)؛ وطى القلوع: انزلها، خفضها
(بقطر، همبرت 127). وطأ البيت: يبدو أن معناها في الشعر التعبير بطريقة أخرى عن فكرة جاءت عند شاعر آخر؛ انظر (المقري 15:62:1 و 14:505:2 (ولما ورد في 5:667 انظر إضافات).
أوطأ على: في (محيط المحيط): (وأوطأه على الأمر وافقه) (حيّان 14 و 15).
توطأ: تمهد (فوك)؛ ويقال مجازاً (توطأ المُلك) (وفقاً لما ورد في مخطوطتنا لقرطاس 11:102 التي تبدو لي أقرب إلى الصواب من تواطأ التي جاءت في الطبعة).
توطأ: تدنّى، انخفض (بقطر).
تواطأه: على الأمر وافقه وكذلك تواطأ في وب (معجم الجغرافيا).
تواطأ: انظر توطأ.
استوطأ: وجد بغلاً وطيئاً. أنظر: (وطيّ) (معجم الجغرافيا).
وطأة أو وطاءة: سهل (معجم أبي الفداء، مملوك 140:2:1). وفي (المعجم اللاتيني) vallis وجمع وطأة وِطاء (أبو الوليد 13:789).
وطأة فسرت بموضع القدم، أي المكان الذي توضع فيه القدم ويبدو أنها تجمع على أوطئة عند (المقري 2:687:1): جعلوه (المسجد) معبراً بأوطئة أقدامهم وهذا الجمع، في الأقل، ليس وطاء التي هي نعل.
وطاء: تجمع على أوطئة في كلا معنييها (معجم الإدريسي، فوك Planicies) .
وطاء: حذاء (مهرن 37، ألف ليلة برسل 368:12): وقد انقطع ترجيله فوقف على إسكافي ودفع له وطأه وقال له أصلحه (9:371 و12 و9:373؛ وفقاً لبرجرن الذي كتبها، خطأً وطعة، هي في أورشليم حذاء كبير يلبسه الفلاحون والعمال).
وطيّ: عامية وطيّ: أسفل (معجم الإدريسي)؛ جبل وطي: تل قليل الارتفاع (الكالا)؛ وطي الأصل: أصل وضيع (بقطر)؛ رجل وطي: إنسان كريه، شخص محتقر (بقطر).
وطيءّ: (كلمة مبنية): دابة وطيءّ، أي الذي لا يحرك راكبه في مسيره (الكامل 16:1:3). وفي (محيط المحيط): (رجل وطي الخلق والجانب)، أي دمث، سلس doux. وهناك أيضاً وطي الأكتاف أو وطي وحدها (فوك) ولكن يجب أن تقراً الأكناف. وانظر (فريتاج) في مادة موطَّأ و (الكامل) في (1:1).
وطيئة: بالعامية وطية: تل صغير (الكالا).
وطأني: متأخر، متخلف (شيرب ديال 27).
وأطي: منخفض (همبرت 169)؛ بصوت واطي: بصوت منخفض (همبرت 10)؛ بالواطي: أي بالصوت المنخفض (بقطر).
واطي: مبتذل، عامي، عكس نبيل، منحط، لا قيمة له (هلو)؛ واطي الأصل في حالة مزرية (بقطر).
أوطأ: بالعامية أوطى متخلف جداً (بقطر).
توطئة؛ قلة التوطئة: نقص في الترتيب أو في النظام (الكالا).
مَوْطأ: درج، مرقى escabeau وعند (فوك) باللاتينية scabellum. موطي والجمع مواطي.

وط

أ1 وَطِئَ, aor. ـَ (S, K;) the و, falls out from the aor. of this verb, and from that of وَسِعَ, because they are transitive; for other verbs of the class فَعِلَ, having the aor. of the measure يَفْعَلُ, and the first radical letter infirm, are intransitive; and as these two differ from their class in being transitive, they are also made to differ in the aor. ; (S;) or يَطَأُ was originally يَطِئُ, and therefore the و, falls out from it; (TA;) inf. n. وَطْءٌ, (TA) [and طِئَةٌ, q.v. infra]; and ↓ وطّأ, (K, but this has an intensive signification, MF;) and ↓ توطّأ (S, K) He trod; trod upon; (بِرِجْلِهِ with his foot; S) trod under foot; trampled upon: (S, K, TA:) or وَطِئَهُ signifies he pressed, or bore, upon him, or it, with his hand or his foot. (TA, in art. ثطأ.) [See also وَطْأَةٌ.] b2: طه, at the commencement of the 20th ch. of the Kur, is read by some طَهْ, and said to be for طَأْ, (the ه being substituted for ء,) and to signify Tread upon the ground with the soles of both thy fect; because Mohammad raised one of his feet in prayer. (TA.) b3: هُمْ يَطَؤُهُمُ الطَّرِيقُ (tropical:) They (i. e. the sons of such a one) sojourn, or encamp, near the road, so that its passengers tread upon them [i. e., became their guests]: (Sb, K:) a tropical phrase, in which الطريق is put for أَهْلُ الطَّرِيقِ; this being done to give greater force to the phrase, as it is one expressive of praise; for the road is a thing that is constant; whereas its passengers are sometimes upon it, and sometimes absent. (L.) [It means They are a people who take up their abode near the road in order that many passengers may enjoy their hospitality.]

b4: [See also طَرِيقٌ.] b5: Of the same kind is the phrase أَخَذْنَا عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ الوَاطِئِ لِبَنِى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [We look to the road whose passengers tread on (i. e., make themselves the guests of,) the sons of such a one]. (IJ.) b6: So too, مَرَرْنَا بِقَوْمٍ

مَوْطُوئِينَ بِالطَّرِيقِ (tropical:) [We passed by a people trod on (i. e., resorted to for their hospitality,) by the passengers of the road]. (IJ.) b7: Also, يَا طَرِيقُ طَأْ بِنَا بَنِى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) O road, bring us near to [or, lit., make us to tread on, i. e., make us the guests of,] the sons of such a one ! (IJ.) b8: وَطِئَ, (S, K,) aor. as above, (S,) Inivit feminam. (S, K.) b9: وَطَأَ, inf. n. طِئَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) He trod under foot, and despised. Ex. نَعُوذُ بِاللّٰهِ مِنْ طِئَةِ الذَّلِيلِ We put our trust in God for protection from the vile person's treading us under foot, and despising us. (Lh.) b10: وَطَأَ and ↓ وطّأ (in MF's copy of the K واطأ) He prepared, and made plain, smooth, or soft. (K.) b11: وَطَيْتُ; for وَطَأْتُ, is disallowed. (TA.) b12: وَطُؤَ, aor. ـْ inf. n. وطأ, [so in the TA: probably a mistake for وَطَآءَةٌ: see طِئَةٌ below:] He (a horse &c.) was, or became, easy to ride upon. (TA.) b13: وَطُؤَ, aor. ـْ inf. n. وَطَآءَةٌ (S, K) and وُطُوْءَةٌ (TA) and طَأَةٌ (TA, as from the K) [and, app., طِئَةٌ, q.v. infra], It (a place, S) was plain, level, smooth, soft, or easy to be travelled, or to walk, or ride or lie upon. (S, K, TA.) A2: كُنْتُ أَطَأُ ذِكْرَهُ (assumed tropical:) I used to conceal the mention of him, or it. (TA, from a trad.) 2 وَطَّاَ See 1, in two places. b2: وطّأ, inf. n. تُوْطِئَةٌ, He made plain, level, smooth, soft, or easy to be, travelled, or to walk or ride or lie upon. (S, K.) He made a beast of carriage easy to ride upon; trained, or broke, it (M, voce رَاضَ.) b3: Also, (TA,) and ↓ توطّأ, (L,) He prepared (L, ubi supra, and TA,) a bed, or a chamber. (TA.) b4: He arranged, or facilitated, an affair. (TA.) وَطَّيْتُ [for وَطَّأْتُ] is disallowed. (S.) b5: وطّأ He (i. e. God) rendered a land plain, level, smooth, soft, or easy to walk or ride or lie upon. (TA.) b6: Also, He (God,) rendered a land depressed. (K.) A2: See 4.3 وَاطَأَهُ عَلَى أَمْرٍ, (Az, S, K,) inf. n. مُوَاطَأَةٌ (S) and وِطَآءٌ; (TA;) and ↓ تواطأهُ and ↓ توطّأهُ; (K;) (tropical:) He agreed, or concurred, with him respecting a thing. (S, K.) The radical signification of واطأ is said to be He trod in the footsteps of another: and the signification of agreement is therefore figurative. (MF.) b2: فُلَانٌ يُوَاطِئُ اسْمُهُ اسْمِى (tropical:) [Such a one's name agrees, or is the same, with mine]. (S.) b3: لِيُوَاطِئُوا عِدَّةَ مَا حَرَّمَ اللّٰه (tropical:) [That they may agree in the number of (the mouths) which God hath made sacred: Kur, ix. 37]. (S.) b4: أَشَدُّ وِطَآءٌ, as some read, [in the Kur, lxxiii. 6,] signifies (tropical:) More, or most, suitable; (S;) [i. e., prayer, and the recitation of the Kur-án]: but some read وَطْأً, in the sense of قِيَامًا: see نَاشِئَةٌ. (S, L.) See 4.4 اوطأهُ غَيْرَهُ He made another to tread, or trample, upon him. (TA.) b2: اوطأه فَرَسَهُ He made his horse to tread, or trample, upon him. (K, TA.) b3: اوطأهُ الأرضَ He made him to tread upon the ground. (Msb.) b4: أَوْطَؤُوهُمْ (assumed tropical:) They overcame them, or prevailed over them, in a contention, or dispute. (TA.) b5: In a trad. it is said, that the pastors of the camels, and the shepherds, boasted, one party over the other, and the former overcame the latter (اوطؤوهم). (TA.) The verb is used in this sense because it originally signifies, with the annexed pronoun, they made (others) to tread, or trample, upon them: (K, TA:) for him with whom you wrestle or fight, and whom you throw down, you trample upon, and make to be trampled upon by others. (TA.) b6: اوطأهُ العَشْوَةَ, (K,) and عَشْوَةً, (S, K,) He made him to pursue a course without being rightly directed. (K *, TA.) See art. عشو. b7: اوطأ فِى الشِّعْرِ, (S, K,) inf. n. إِيطّآءٌ; (TA;) and اوطأ الشِّعْرَ, and فِيهِ ↓ واطأ, and ↓ وطّأهُ, and أَطَّأَهُ, and آطَأَهُ, (K,) in which last the و is changed into ا; (TA;) He repeated a rhyme in a poem, (S, K,) using the same word in the same sense: (Akh, K:) when the word is the same, but the meaning different, the repetition is not called ايطاء [but جِنَاسٌ تَامٌّ]. (TA.) This repetition (ايطاء) is deemed by Arabs a fault: or it is only deemed a fault if it occur two, or three, or more, times. (TA.) 5 تَوَطَّاَ See 1, 2, 3. b2: تَوَطَّيْتُ for تَوَطَّأْتُ is incorrect. (S.) b3: توطّأ He, or it, was, or became, prepared. (K.) [See also 8.]6 تَوَاطَؤُوا (assumed tropical:) They agreed together. (S.) b2: تواطؤوا عَلَيه (assumed tropical:) They agreed together, or concurred, respecting it. (TA.) [See 3.]8 إِتَّطَأَ It was prepared, and became plain, smooth, or soft. (K.) [See also 5.] b2: إِتَّطَأَ العِشَآءُ (in a trad.) The evening became completely dark: [or the period of nightfall fully came:] also read إِيتَطَى, accord. to the dial. of the tribe of Keys, and explained as signifying the period of nightfall came. The latter verb also signifies “ concurrence, or concord, and agreement, with another. ” (TA.) b3: إِيتَطَأَ الشَّهْرُ [About half the month has elapsed]. This is said a day before the half, and a day after the half. (Az.) b4: إِتَّطَأَ, (as in the CK,) or إِيتَطَأَ, (as in a MS. copy of the K,) measure إِفْتَعَلَ [in the TA written إِسْتَطَأَ, which is doubtless a mistake,] It was right, and attained its full period; was perfect, or complete. (K.) 10 استوطأ He found, or deemed, a thing plain, level, smooth, soft, or easy to walk or ride or lie upon. (K, TA.) b2: He found, or deemed, the thing on which he rode smooth, soft, or easy to ride upon. (S.) وَطْءٌ and ↓ وَطَآءٌ and ↓ مِيطَأٌ (measure مِفْعَلٌ, as shown in the TA; but in the CK, ميطَآءٌ;) Depressed land, or low ground, between eminences نِشَاز [in the CK نَشاز] and أَشْرَاف [in the CK إِشْراف]): (K:) نشاز, is pl. of نَشَزٌ, and اشراف is pl. of شَرَفٌ; and both signify “ eminences. ” (TA.) طَأَةٌ: see طِئَةٌ.

طِئَةٌ and ↓ طَأَةٌ (in both of which the final ة is a substitute for the incipient و, S) and ↓ وَطَآءَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ وُطُوءَةٌ (K) Plainness, levelness, smoothness, softness, or state of being easy to walk or ride or lie upon. (S, K, TA.) وَطْأَةٌ [A tread, or a treading. b2: And hence,] (tropical:) A pressure; oppression; affliction; violence: (S, K:) or a vehement assault, or punishment; syn. أَخْذَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ: (K:) also, a hostile expedition or engagement; battle, fight, or slaughter. (TA.) b3: اللّٰهُمَّ اشْدُدْ وَطْأَتَكَ عَلَى مُضَرَ, in a trad., O God, make thy punishment of Mudar severe. (S, TA.) b4: وَطِئَنَا العَدُوُّ وَطْأَةً شَدِيدً (tropical:) [The enemy assaulted, or punished, us with a very vehement assault, or punishment]. (TA.) آخِرُ وَطْأَةٍ وَطِئَهَا اللّٰهُ بِوَجٍّ, in a trad., (tropical:) The last assault, or conflict, which God caused to befall (the unbelievers was) in Wejj [a valley of Et-Táïf]. (TA.) b5: وَطْأَةٌ and ↓ مَوْطَأٌ (K) and ↓ مَوْطِئٌ (S, K) A place on which the sole of the foot is placed; a footstep, or footprint. (S, K.) وَطَآءٌ: see وِطَآءٌ, and وَطْءٌ.

وِطَآءٌ (S, K) and ↓ وَطَآءٌ, (K,) the former is the word commonly known and approved; the latter disapproved by many; (TA;) The contr. of غِطَآءٌ (a covering); [what is placed, or spread, beneath one, to sit or lie upon]: (S, K:) pl. اوْطِئَةٌ. (TA, in art. خور.) وَطِىْءٌ Plain, level, smooth, soft, or easy to be travelled, or to walk or ride or lie upon. (S, K, TA.) b2: دَابَّةٌ وَطِىْءٌ (IAar) A beast easy to ride upon. (TA.) b3: عَيْشٌ وَطِىْءٌ [An easy life]. (TA.) b4: وَطِىْءُ الخُلُقِ Easy in nature, or dispositon. (TA.) وَطَآءَةٌ: see طِئَةٌ.

وُطُوْءَةٌ: see طِئَةٌ.

وَطِيْئَةٌ A certain kind of food, (S,) i. q. حَيْسَةٌ: (IAar:) or dates of which the stones are taken out, and which are kneaded with milk: or what is called أَقِط, with sugar: (K:) or a food of the Arabs, prepared with dates, which are put into a stone cooking-pot; then water is poured upon them, and clarified butter if there be any; (but no اقط is mixed up with them;) and then it is drunk, like حيسة: (T:) or it is like جَيْس; dates and اقط kneaded together with clarified butter: (ISh:) or a certain kind of food, also called وَطِىْءٌ; a thin عَصِيدَة: when it is thickened, it is called نَفِيتَة; when a little more thick, نَفِيثَة; when a little thicker, لَفِيتَة; and when so thick that it may be chewed, عصيدة. (El-Muffaddal.) b2: Also, (as some say, TA,) A thing like [the kind of sack called] a غِرَارَة: (S:) or a غرارة containing dried meat (قَدِيد) and كَعْك (K) and other things: (TA:) b3: أَخْرِجْ إِلَيْنَا ثَلَاثَ أُكَلٍ

مِنْ وطيئةٍ Take forth and give us three cakes of bread from a غرارة. (S, TA, from a trad.) b4: [See also وَاطِئَة and مُوَطَّأٌ.]

وَاطِئَةٌ Fallen dates. (K.) An act. part. n. in the sense of a pass.: (K:) [such dates being so called] because they are trodden under foot. (TA.) Or [it is changed] from وَطَايَا, pl. of وَطِيْئَةٌ, [which is] from وَطَأَ; [and such dates are] so called because their owner has despised them, or trampled upon them, (ذللّها,) and spread them about, for those who may take them; wherefore they are not included in the conjectural estimate of the produce of the tree [made by the collector of the legal alms]. (TA.) b2: وَطَأَةٌ (K) [pl. of واطِئٌ] and واطِئَةٌ (S, K) Travellers; wayfarers: (S, K:) so called from their treading the road. (S.) لَا يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْ مَوْطَإٍ One is not to perform وضوء (i. e., to repeat it,) on account of treading on filth in the road: but this does not mean that one is not to wash off the filth. (TA, from a trad.) b2: See وَطْأَةٌ.

مَوْطِئٌ: see وَطْأَةٌ.

مِيطَأٌ: see وَطْءٌ.

آثَارٌ مَوْطُوْءَةٌ (in a trad. respecting destiny) Tracks trodden [as it were] by past predestined events, good and evil. (TA, from a trad.) مُوَطَّأُ الأَكْنَافِ, (K,) and الاكناف ↓ وَطِىْءُ, (TA,) A man of easy nature, or disposition, generous, and very hospitable: or one in whose vicinity his companion is possessed of power, authority, or dignity; not harmed, nor inconveniently situated. (K.) b2: اللّٰهُمَّ اجْعَلْهُ مُوَطَّأَ العَقِبِ (assumed tropical:) O God, make him to be (a Sultán, followed by many dependants, and) one whose heels shall be trod upon: (K *, TA:) an imprecation, occurring in a trad. respecting a man who had been secretly informed against to 'Omar, who said this with reference to the informer if a liar. (TA.)

مَدينَةُ يَثْرِبَ:
قال المنجمون: طول المدينة من جهة المغرب ستون درجة ونصف، وعرضها عشرون درجة، وهي في الإقليم الثاني، وهي مدينة الرسول، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، نبدأ أولا بصفتها مجملا ثم نفصّل، أما قدرها فهي في مقدار نصف مكة، وهي في حرّة سبخة الأرض ولها نخيل كثيرة ومياه، ونخيلهم وزروعهم تسقى من الآبار عليها العبيد، وللمدينة سور والمسجد في نحو وسطها، وقبر النبي، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، في شرقي المسجد وهو بيت مرتفع ليس بينه وبين سقف المسجد إلا فرجة وهو مسدود لا باب له وفيه قبر النبي، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، وقبر أبي بكر وقبر عمر، والمنبر الذي كان يخطب عليه رسول الله، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، قد غشي بمنبر آخر والروضة أمام المنبر بينه وبين القبر ومصلّى النبي، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، الذي كان يصلّي فيه الأعياد في غربي المدينة داخل الباب وبقيع الغرقد خارج المدينة من شرقيّها وقباء خارج المدينة على نحو ميلين إلى ما يلي القبلة، وهي شبيهة بالقرية، وأحد جبل في شمال المدينة، وهو أقرب الجبال إليها مقدار فرسخين، وبقربها مزارع فيها نخيل وضياع لأهل المدينة، ووادي العقيق فيما بينها وبين الفرع، والفرع من المدينة على أربعة أيام في جنوبيّها، وبها مسجد جامع، غير أن أكثر هذه الضياع خراب وكذلك حوالي المدينة ضياع كثيرة أكثرها خراب وأعذب مياه تلك الناحية آبار العقيق، ذكر ابن طاهر بإسناده إلى محمد بن إسماعيل البخاري قال: المديني هو الذي أقام بالمدينة ولم يفارقها، والمدني الذي تحول عنها وكان منها، والمشهور عندنا أن النسبة إلى مدينة الرسول مدنيّ مطلقا وإلى غيرها من المدن مدينيّ للفرق لا لعلة أخرى، وربما ردّه بعضهم إلى الأصل فنسب إلى مدينة الرسول أيضا مدينيّ، وقال
الليث: المدينة اسم لمدينة رسول الله خاصة والنسبة للإنسان مدنيّ، فأما العير ونحوه فلا يقال إلا مدينيّ، وعلى هذه الصيغة ينسب أبو الحسن علي بن عبد الله بن جعفر بن نجيح السعدي المعروف بابن المديني، كان أصله من المدينة ونزل البصرة وكان من أعلم أهل زمانه بعلل حديث رسول الله، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، والمقدّم في حفّاظ وقته، روى عن سفيان بن عيينة وحمّاد بن زيد وكتب عن الشافعي كتاب الرسالة وحملها إلى عبد الرحمن بن مهدي وسمع منه ومن جرير بن عبد الحميد وعبد العزيز الدراوردي وغيرهم من الأئمة، روى عنه أحمد بن حنبل ومحمد بن سعيد البخاري وأحمد بن منصور الرّمادي ومحمد بن يحيى الذّهلي وأبو أحمد المرئيّ وغيرهم من الأئمة، وقال البخاري: ما انتفعت عند أحد إلا عند علي بن المديني، وكان مولده سنة 161 بالبصرة، ومات بسامرّا وقيل بالبصرة ليومين بقيا من ذي القعدة سنة 234، ولهذه المدينة تسعة وعشرون اسما، وهي: المدينة، وطيبة، وطابة، والمسكينة، والعذراء، والجابرة، والمحببة، والمحببة، والمحبورة، ويثرب، والناجية، والموفية، وأكّالة البلدان، والمباركة، والمحفوفة، والمسلمة، والمجنة، والقدسية، والعاصمة، والمرزوقة، والشافية، والخيرة، والمحبوبة، والمرحومة، وجابرة، والمختارة، والمحرمة، والقاصمة، وطبابا، وروي في قول النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم: رب أدخلني مدخل صدق وأخرجني مخرج صدق، قالوا: المدينة ومكة، وكان على المدينة وتهامة في الجاهلية عامل من قبل مرزبان الزارة يجبي خراجها وكانت قريظة والنضير اليهود ملوكا حتى أخرجهم منها الأوس والخزرج من الأنصار، كما ذكرناه في مأرب، وكانت الأنصار قبل تؤدي خراجا إلى اليهود، ولذلك قال بعضهم:
نؤدي الخرج بعد خراج كسرى ... وخرج بني قريظة والنضير
وروى أبو هريرة قال: قال رسول الله، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم: من صبر على أوار المدينة وحرّها كنت له يوم القيامة شفيعا شهيدا، وقال، صلى الله عليه وسلم، حين توجّه إلى الهجرة: اللهم إنك قد أخرجتني من أحبّ أرضك إليّ فأنزلني أحب أرض إليك، فأنزله المدينة، فلما نزلها قال: اللهم اجعل لنا بها قرارا ورزقا واسعا، وقال، عليه الصلاة والسلام:
من استطاع منكم أن يموت في المدينة فليفعل فإنه من مات بها كنت له شهيدا أو شفيعا يوم القيامة، وعن عبد الله بن الطّفيل: لما قدم رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، المدينة وثب على أصحابه وباء شديد حتى أهمدتهم الحمّى فما كان يصلي مع رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، إلا اليسير فدعا لهم وقال:
اللهم حبّب إلينا المدينة كما حببت إلينا مكة واجعل ما كان بها من وباء بخمّ، وفي خبر آخر: اللهم حبّب إلينا المدينة كما حببت إلينا مكة وأشدّ وصححها وبارك لنا في صاعها ومدّها وانقل حمّاها إلى الجحفة، وقد كان همّ، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، أن ينتقل إلى الحمى لصحته، وقال: نعم المنزل الحمى لولا كثرة حيّاته، وذكر العرض وناحيته فهمّ به وقال: هو أصح من المدينة، وروي عنه، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، أنه قال عن بيوت السّقيا: اللهم إن إبراهيم عبدك وخليلك ونبيك ورسولك دعاك لأهل مكة وإن محمدا عبدك ونبيك ورسولك يدعوك لأهل المدينة بمثل ما دعاك إبراهيم أن تبارك في صاعهم ومدهم وثمارهم، اللهم حبب إلينا المدينة كما حببت إلينا مكة واجعل ما بها من وباء بخمّ، اللهم إني قد
حرّمت ما بين لابتيها كما حرّم إبراهيم خليلك، وحرّم رسول الله، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، شجر المدينة بريدا في بريد من كل ناحية ورخّص في الهش وفي متاع الناضح ونهى عن الخبط وأن يعضد ويهصر، وكان أول من زرع بالمدينة واتخذ بها النخل وعمّر بها الدور والآطام واتخذ بها الضياع العماليق وهم بنو عملاق بن أرفخشد بن سام بن نوح، عليه السّلام، وقيل في نسبهم غير ذلك مما ذكر في هذا الكتاب، ونزلت اليهود بعدهم الحجاز وكانت العماليق ممن انبسط في البلاد فأخذوا ما بين البحرين وعمان والحجاز كلّه إلى الشام ومصر، فجبابرة الشام وفراعنة مصر منهم، وكان منهم بالبحرين وعمان أمّة يسمون جاسم، وكان ساكنو المدينة منهم بنو هفّ وسعد ابن هفّان وبنو مطرويل، وكان بنجد منهم بنو بديل بن راحل وأهل تيماء ونواحيها، وكان ملك الحجاز الأرقم بن أبي الأرقم، وكان سبب نزول اليهود بالمدينة وأعراضها أن موسى بن عمران، عليه السلام، بعث إلى الكنعانيّين حين أظهره الله تعالى على فرعون فوطئ الشام وأهلك من كان بها منهم ثم بعث بعثا آخر إلى الحجاز إلى العماليق وأمرهم أن لا يستبقوا أحدا ممن بلغ الحلم إلا من دخل في دينه، فقدموا عليهم فقاتلوهم فأظهرهم الله عليهم فقتلوهم وقتلوا ملكهم الأرقم وأسروا ابنا له شابّا جميلا كأحسن من رأى في زمانه فضنّوا به عن القتل وقالوا:
نستحييه حتى نقدم به على موسى فيرى فيه رأيه، فأقبلوا وهو معهم وقبض الله موسى قبل قدومهم فلما قربوا وسمع بنو إسرائيل بذلك تلقوهم وسألوهم عن أخبارهم فأخبروهم بما فتح الله عليهم، قالوا: فما هذا الفتى الذي معكم؟ فأخبروهم بقصته، فقالوا: إن هذه معصية منكم لمخالفتكم أمر نبيكم، والله لا دخلتم علينا بلادنا أبدا، فحالوا بينهم وبين الشام، فقال ذلك الجيش: ما بلد إذ منعتم بلدكم خير لكم من البلد الذي فتحتموه وقتلتم أهله فارجعوا إليه، فعادوا إليها فأقاموا بها فهذا كان أول سكنى اليهود الحجاز والمدينة، ثم لحق بهم بعد ذلك بنو الكاهن بن هارون، عليه السلام، فكانت لهم الأموال والضياع بالسافلة، والسافلة ما كان في أسفل المدينة إلى أحد، وقبر حمزة والعالية ما كان فوق المدينة إلى أحد، وقبر حمزة والعالية ما كان فوق المدينة إلى مسجد قباء وما إلى ذلك إلى مطلع الشمس، فزعمت بنو قريظة أنهم مكثوا كذلك زمانا ثم إن الروم ظهروا على الشام فقتلوا من بني إسرائيل خلقا كثيرا فخرج بنو قريظة والنضير وهدل هاربين من الشام يريدون الحجاز الذي فيه بنو إسرائيل ليسكنوا معهم، فلما فصلوا من الشام وجّه ملك الروم في طلبهم من يردّهم فأعجزوا رسله وفآتوهم وانتهى الروم إلى ثمد بين الشام والحجاز فماتوا عنده عطشا فسمي ذلك الموضع ثمد الروم فهو معروف بذلك إلى اليوم، وذكر بعض علماء الحجاز من اليهود أن سبب نزولهم المدينة أن ملك الروم حين ظهر على بني إسرائيل وملك الشام خطب إلى بني هارون وفي دينهم أن لا يزوّجوا النصارى فخافوه وأنعموا له وسألوه أن يشرّفهم بإتيانه، فأتاهم ففتكوا به وبمن معه ثم هربوا حتى لحقوا بالحجاز وأقاموا بها، وقال آخرون: بل علماؤهم كانوا يجدون في التوراة صفة النبيّ، صلى الله عليه وسلّم، وأنه يهاجر إلى بلد فيه نخل بين حرّتين، فأقبلوا من الشام يطلبون الصفة حرصا منهم على اتباعه، فلما رأوا تيماء وفيها النخل عرفوا صفته وقالوا:
هو البلد الذي نريده، فنزلوا وكانوا أهله حتى أتاهم تبّع فأنزل معهم بني عمرو بن عوف، والله أعلم أيّ ذلك كان، قالوا: فلما كان من سيل العرم ما كان،
كما ذكرناه في مأرب، قال عمرو بن عوف: من كان منكم يريد الراسيات في الوحل، المطعمات في المحل، المدركات بالدّخل، فليلحق بيثرب ذات النخل، وكان الذين اختاروها وسكنوها الأنصار وهم الأوس والخزرج ابنا حارثة بن ثعلبة بن عمرو بن عامر بن حارثة بن امرئ القيس بن ثعلبة بن مازن بن الأزد وأمهم في قول ابن الكلبي قيلة بنت الأرقم بن عمرو ابن جفنة، ويقال: قيلة بنت هالك بن عذرة من قضاعة، وقال غيره: قيلة بنت كاهل بن عذرة بن سعد بن زيد بن ليث بن سود بن أسلم بن الحاف بن قضاعة ولذلك سمي بنو قيلة فأقاموا في مكانهم على جهد وضنك من العيش، وكان ملك بني إسرائيل يقال له الفيطوان، وفي كتاب ابن الكلبي: الفطيون، بكسر الفاء والياء بعد الطاء، وكانت اليهود والأوس والخزرج يدينون له، وكانت له فيهم سنّة الّا تزوّج امرأة منهم إلا أدخلت عليه قبل زوجها حتى يكون هو الذي يفتضّها إلى أن زوّجت أخت لمالك بن العجلان بن زيد السالمي الخزرجي، فلما كانت الليلة التي تهدى فيها إلى زوجها خرجت على مجلس قومها كاشفة عن ساقيها وأخوها مالك في المجلس، فقال لها: قد جئت بسوءة بخروجك على قومك وقد كشفت عن ساقيك، قالت: الذي يراد بي الليلة أعظم من ذلك لأنني أدخل على غير زوجي، ثم دخلت إلى منزلها فدخل إليها أخوها وقد أرمضه قولها فقال لها: هل عندك من خير؟ قالت: نعم، فماذا؟ قال: أدخل معك في جملة النساء على الفطيون فإذا خرجن من عندك ودخل عليك ضربته بالسيف حتى يبرد، قالت: افعل، فتزيّا بزيّ النساء وراح معها فلما خرج النساء من عندها دخل الفطيون عليها فشدّ عليه مالك بن العجلان بالسيف وضربه حتى قتله وخرج هاربا حتى قدم الشام فدخل على ملك من ملوك غسّان يقال له أبو جبيلة، وفي بعض الروايات أنه قصد اليمن إلى تبّع الأصغر ابن حسّان فشكا إليه ما كان من الفطيون وما كان يعمل في نسائهم وذكر له أنه قتله وهرب وأنه لا يستطيع الرجوع خوفا من اليهود، فعاهده أبو جبيلة أن لا يقرب امرأة ولا يمسّ طيبا ولا يشرب خمرا حتى يسير إلى المدينة ويذلّ من بها من اليهود، وأقبل سائرا من الشام في جمع كثير مظهرا أنه يريد اليمن حتى قدم المدينة ونزل بذي حرض ثم أرسل إلى الأوس والخزرج أنه على المكر باليهود عازم على قتل رؤسائهم وأنه يخشى متى علموا بذلك أن يتحصّنوا في آطامهم وأمرهم بكتمان ما أسرّه إليهم ثم أرسل إلى وجوه اليهود أن يحضروا طعامه ليحسن إليهم ويصلهم، فأتاه وجوههم وأشرافهم ومع كل واحد منهم خاصّته وحشمه، فلما تكاملوا أدخلهم في خيامه ثم قتلهم عن آخرهم فصارت الأوس والخزرج من يومئذ أعزّ أهل المدينة وقمعوا اليهود وسار ذكرهم وصار لهم الأموال والآطام، فقال الرّمق بن زيد بن غنم بن سالم بن مالك بن سالم ابن عوف بن الخزرج يمدح أبا جبيلة:
لم يقض دينك مل حسا ... ن وقد غنيت وقد غنينا
الراشقات المرشقا ... ت الجازيات بما جزينا
أشباه غزلان الصّرا ... ثم يأتزرن ويرتدينا
الرّيط والديباج وال ... حلي المضاعف والبرينا
وأبو جبيلة خير من ... يمشي وأوفاهم يمينا
وأبرّهم برّا وأع ... لمهم بفضل الصالحينا
أبقت لنا الأيام وال ... حرب المهمّة يعترينا
كبشا له زرّ يف ... لّ متونها الذّكر السّنينا
ومعاقلا شمّا وأس ... يافا يقمن وينحنينا
ومحلّة زوراء تج ... حف بالرجال الظالمينا
ولعنت اليهود مالك بن العجلان في كنائسهم وبيوت عبادتهم، فبلغه ذلك فقال:
تحايا اليهود بتلعانها ... تحايا الحمير بأبوالها
وماذا عليّ بأن يغضبوا ... وتأتي المنايا باذلالها!
وقالت سارة القرظية ترثي من قتل من قومها:
بأهلي رمّة لم تغن شيئا ... بذي حرض تعفّيها الرياح
كهول من قريظة أتلفتهم ... سيوف الخزرجية والرماح
ولو أذنوا بأمرهم لحالت ... هنالك دونهم حرب رداح
ثم انصرف أبو جبيلة راجعا إلى الشام وقد ذلّل الحجاز والمدينة للأوس والخزرج فعندها تفرّقوا في عالية المدينة وسافلتها فكان منهم من جاء إلى القرى العامرة فأقام مع أهلها قاهرا لهم، ومنهم من جاء إلى عفا من الأرض لا ساكن فيه فبنى فيه ونزل ثم اتخذوا بعد ذلك القصور والأموال والآطام، فلما قدم رسول الله، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، من مكة إلى المدينة مهاجرا أقطع الناس الدور والرباع فخطّ لبني زهرة في ناحية من مؤخر المسجد فكان لعبد الرحمن ابن عوف الحصن المعروف به وجعل لعبد الله وعتبة ابني مسعود الهذليّين الخطّة المشهورة بهم عند المسجد وأقطع الزبير بن العوّام بقيعا واسعا وجعل لطلحة بن عبيد الله موضع دوره ولأبي بكر، رضي الله عنه، موضع داره عند المسجد، وأقطع كل واحد من عثمان بن عفّان وخالد بن الوليد والمقداد وعبيد والطفيل وغيرهم مواضع دورهم، فكان رسول الله، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، يقطع أصحابه هذه القطائع فما كان في عفا من الأرض فإنه أقطعهم إياه وما كان من الخطط المسكونة العامرة فإن الأنصار وهبوه له فكان يقطع من ذلك ما شاء، وكان أول من وهب له خططه ومنازله حارثة بن النعمان فوهب له ذلك وأقطعه، وأما مسجد النبيّ، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، فقال ابن عمر: كان بناء المسجد على عهد رسول الله، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، وسقفه جريد وعمده خشب النخل فلم يزد فيه أبو بكر شيئا فزاد فيه عمر وبناه على ما كان من بنائه ثم غيّره عثمان وبناه بالحجارة المنقوشة والقصّة وجعل عمده من حجارة منقوشة وسقفه ساجا وزاد فيه. وكان لما بناه رسول الله، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، جعل له بابين شارعين باب عائشة والباب الذي يقال له باب عاتكة وبابا في مؤخر المسجد يقال له باب مليكة وبنى بيوتا إلى جنبه باللبن وسقفها بجذوع النخل، وكان طول المسجد مما يلي القبلة إلى مؤخره مائة ذراع، فلما ولي عمر بن عبد العزيز زاد في القبلة من موضع المقصورة اليوم، وكان بين المنبر وبين الجدار في عهد النبي، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، قدر ما تمرّ الشاة، وكان طول المسجد في عهد عمر، رضي الله عنه، مائة وأربعين ذراعا وارتفاعه أحد عشر ذراعا، وكان بنى أساسه بالحجارة إلى أن بلغ قامة وجعل له ستة أبواب وحصّنه، وروي أن عمر أول من حصّن المسجد وبناه سنة 17 حين رجع من سرع وجعل طول جداره من خارج ستة عشر ذراعا، وكان أول عمل عثمان إياه في شهر ربيع الأول سنة 29 وفرغ من بنائه في المحرم سنة 30 فكانت مدة عمله عشرة أشهر وقتل عثمان وليس له شرّافات فعملها والمحراب عمر بن عبد العزيز، ولما ولي الوليد بن عبد الملك واستعمل عمر بن عبد العزيز على المدينة أمره بهدم المسجد وبنائه فاستعمل عمر على ذلك صالح بن كيسان وكتب الوليد إلى ملك الروم يطلب منه عمّالا وأعلمه أنه يريد عمارة مسجد النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، فبعث إليه أربعين رجلا من الروم وأربعين من القفط ووجّه إليه أربعين ألف مثقال ذهبا وأحمالا من الفسيفساء، فهدم الروم والقفط المسجد وخمّروا النورة للفسيفساء سنة وحملوا القصّة من بطن نخل وعملوا الأساس بالحجارة والجدار والأساطين بالحجارة المطابقة وجعلوا عمد المسجد حجارة حشوها عمد الحديد والرصاص، وجعل عمر المحراب والمقصورة من ساج وكان قبل ذلك من حجارة وجعل طول المسجد مائتي ذراع وعرضه في مقدمه مائتين وفي مؤخره مائة وثمانين وهو سقف دون سقف، قال صالح بن كيسان: ابتدأت بهدم المسجد في صفر سنة 87 وفرغت منه لانسلاخ سنة 89 فكانت مدة عمله ثلاث سنين، وكان طوله يومئذ مائتي ذراع في مثلها فلم يزل كذلك حتى كان المهدي فزاد في مؤخره مائة ذراع وترك عرضه مائتي ذراع على ما بناه عمر بن عبد العزيز، وأما عبد الملك بن شبيب الغساني في سنة 160 فأخذ في عمله وزاد في مؤخره ثم زاد فيه المأمون زيادة كثيرة ووسّعه، وقرئ على موضع زيادة المأمون: أمر عبد الله بعمارة مسجد رسول الله، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، سنة 202 طلب ثواب الله وطلب كرامة الله وطلب جزاء الله فإن الله عنده ثواب الدنيا والآخرة وكان الله سميعا بصيرا، والمؤذنون في مسجد المدينة من ولد سعد الفرط مولى عمّار بن ياسر، ومن خصائص المدينة أنها طيبة الريح وللعطر فيها فضل رائحة لا توجد في غيرها وتمرها الصّيحاني لا يوجد في بلد من البلدان مثله، ولهم حب اللبان ومنها يحمل إلى سائر البلدان، وجبلها أحد قد فضّله رسول الله، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، فقال: أحد جبل يحبنا ونحبه وهو على باب من أبواب الجنة، وحرّم رسول الله، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، شجر المدينة بريدا في بريد من كل ناحية، واستعمل على الحمى بلال بن الحارث المزني فأقام عليه حياة رسول الله وأبي بكر وعمر وعثمان وعلي ومعاوية وفي أيامه مات، وكان عمر بن عبد العزيز يقول: لأن أوتى برجل يحمل خمرا أحب إليّ من أن أوتى به وقد قطع من الحرم شيئا، وكان عمر بن الخطاب ينهى أن يقطع العضاه فتهلك مواشي الناس وهو يقول لهم عصمة، وأخبار مدينة رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، كثيرة وقد صنف فيها وفي عقيقها وأعراضها وجبالها كتب ليس من شرطنا ذكرها إلا على ترتيب الحروف وقد فعلنا ذلك، وفيما ذكرناه مما يخصها كفاية، والله يحسن لنا العافية ولا يحرمنا ثواب حسن النية في الإفادة والاستفادة بحق محمد وآله، وأما المسافات فإن من المدينة إلى مكة نحو عشر مراحل، ومن الكوفة إلى المدينة نحو عشرين مرحلة، وطريق البصرة إلى المدينة نحو من ثماني عشرة مرحلة ويلتقي مع طريق الكوفة بقرب
معدن النقرة، ومن الرّقّة إلى المدينة نحو من عشرين مرحلة، ومن البحرين إلى المدينة نحو خمس عشرة مرحلة، ومن دمشق إلى المدينة نحو عشرين مرحلة ومثله من فلسطين إلى المدينة على طريق الساحل، ولأهل مصر وفلسطين إذا جاوزوا مدين طريقان إلى المدينة أحدهما على شغب وبدا وهما قريتان بالبادية كان بنو مروان أقطعوهما الزهريّ المحدّث وبها قبره، حتى ينتهي إلى المدينة على المروة، وطريق يمضي على ساحل البحر حتى يخرج بالجحفة فيجتمع بهما طريق أهل العراق وفلسطين ومصر.