حل حَلَّ يَحُلُّ حُلُوْلاً: نَقِيْضُ الارْتِحالِ. والمَحَلُّ: نَقيضُ المُرْتَحَلِ. وحَلَلْتُ رَحْلي وَأَحْلَلْتُ. وا
لحِلَّةُ: قَوْمٌ نُزُوْلٌ. والمَحَلَّةُ: المَكانُ يَنْزِلُونَ فيه. والمَحَلُّ: مَصدَرٌ كالحُلُوْلِ والحَلِّ. وفي المَثَلِ: يا حامِلُ اذْكُرْ حَلاً. ورَوْضَةٌ مِحْلاَلٌ: أكْثَرَ القَوْمُ الحُلُوْلَ بها. والحُلُوْلُ والحِلاَلُ والحُلاّلُ والحُلَّلُ: جَمَاعَةُ الحالِّ. وهو في حِلَّةِ صِدْقٍ ومَحَلَّةِ صِدْقٍ. وحَلَلْتُ العُقْدةَ فَا
نْحَلَّتْ. ومَنْ قَرَأ: " يَحْلُلْ عليه غَضَبي " يقول: يَنْزل. ومَنْ قَرأ: يَحْلِلْ يقول: يَجِب. وحَلَّ الدَّينُ عليه مَحِلاًّ: وَجَبَ. ويَحِلُّ الهَدْيُ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ بمِنّى. وحَلَّتِ العُقُوْبَةُ تَحِلُّ. والحَلاّلُ والحَلِيْلُ والحِلُّ: الحَلاَلُ بعَيْنِه. والحِلُّ - أيضاً -: ما جَاوَزَ الحَرَمَ. والرَّجُلُ الحَلاّلُ: الذي خَرَجَ من إحْرَامِه أوْ لم يُحْرِمْ، أحَلَّ يُحِلُّ إحْلالاً. والمُحِلُّ: الذي ليس له عَهْدٌ ولا حُرْمَةٌ. وحَلَّلْتُ اليَمِيْنَ تّحْلِيْلاً وَتَحِلَّةً. وضَرَبْتَهُ ضَرْبَاً تحْليلاً: شِبْهُ التَّعْزِيْرِ. وأعْطِه حُلاَنَ يَمِيْنِه: أي ما يُحَلِّلُ يَمِيْنَه. والحِلاَالُ: مَرْكَبٌ من مَراكِبِ النِّسَاء. والحَلَّةُ: مَوْضِعُ حَزْنٍ وصُخُوْرٍ بِبِلادِ بَني ضَبَّةَ. والحَلِيْلُ والحَلِيْلَةُ: الزَّوْجُ والمَرْأةُ والجَميعُ: الحَلائلُ والأحِلاّءُ والأحِلَّةُ. وحَلْحَلْتُ بالإِبل: قُلْتَ لها: حَلْ - بالتَّخْفِيفِ - زَجْرٌ. وحَلْحَلْتُ بالقَوْمِ: أزَلْتُهم عن مواضِعِهم. والحُلاَحِلُ: السَّيِّدُ الشُّجاعُ. والحُلَّةُ: ازارٌ ورِداءٌ. والمُحَلَّلُ: الشَّيْءُ اليَسِيْرُ. والإحْلِيْلُ: مَخْرَجُ البَوْلِ من الذَّكَرِ، واللَّبَنِ من طُبْيِ الفَرَسِ وخِلْفِ النّاقَةِ. والمَحَالُّ: الغَنَمُ الذي يَنْزِلُ اللَّبَنُ في ضَرْعِها من غَيْرِ نِتَاجٍ، الواحِدَةُ مُحِلٌّ. وبَعِيْرٌ أحَلُّ: في عُرْقُوْبَيْه حَلَلٌ: أي ضَعْفٌ. والحِلَّةُ: شَجَرَةٌ شَاكَّةٌ أَصْغَرُ من القَتَاد. والمُحِلاتُ: آلاتُ السَّفَرِ. والمُحِلُّ من النُّوْقِ: التي تُنْزِلُ دِرَّتها من غَيْر فَحْلٍ، أحَلَّت إحْلالاً. والحَلَّةُ: القِطْعَةُ من الحَرَّةِ السَّوْداء. والحُلانُ: الجَدْيُ، وقيل: الحَمَلُ، والجَميعُ: الحَلاَلِيْنُ. وقَتِيْلٌ حُلاّنٌ وحُلاّمٌ أي باطِلٌ دَمُه. والخُلاَّنُ: أنْ لا تَقْدِرَ على ذَبْحِ الشّاةِ وغيرِها فَتَطْعَنَها من حيثُ تُدرِكُها. وقيل: هو البَقِيْرُ الذي يَحِلُّ لَحْمُه بِذَبْحِ أُمِّه. والحَلِيْلُ: مِثْلُ الحَلاَل. والفَرَسُ الذي يُدْخَلُ بين فَرَسَيْنِ في الرِّهان: المُحَلِّلُ. وابْنُ المُحِلِّ: هو ابنُ قُدَامَةَ بنِ الأسْوَدِ في شِعْرِ ابن فَسْوَةَ، وله حَدِيْثٌ. واحْلِيْلاَءُ: اسْمُ مَوْضِعٍ. وحَلَّتِ المَرْأَةُ: خَرَجَتْ من العِدَّةِ.

حل

1 حَلَّ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. حَلٌّ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He untied, or undid, (K, TA,) or opened, (S,) a knot: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) this is the primary signification. (Er-Rághib, TA.) Hence, يَا عَاقِدُ اذْكُرْ حَلًّا [O tyer of a knot, bear in mind the time of untying: or حَابِلُ O binder, or tyer, of the rope: (see art. حبل:)] (S, TA:) or, as IAar relates it, يا حَامِلُ [O loader]: a prov., applied to the consideration of results; because a man may tie a load too tightly; and when he desires to untie it, may injure himself and his camel. (TA. [See also a similar saying below, in the second paragraph.]) And الشُّفْعَةُ كَحَلِّ العِقَالِ [The right of preemption is like the untying of the cord with which a camel's fore shank and arm are bound together]: meaning that it is accomplished as quickly and easily as the عقال is untied: the explanation that it passes away quickly, like the camel when his عقال is untied, is improbable. (Mgh, Msb. *) And hence the saying [in the Kur xx. 28], وَ احْلُلْ عُقْدَةً مِنْ لِسَانِى (assumed tropical:) [And loose Thou an impediment of, or from, my tongue]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) The pass. is pronounced by some حُلَّ, and by others حِلَّ: thus in the saying of El-Farezdak, فَمَا حِلَّ مِنْ جَهْلٍ حُبَى حُلَمَائِنَا وَ لَا قَابِلُ المَعْرُوفِ فِينَا يُعَنَّفُ

[And the garments of our forbearing men by which they support themselves in sitting by binding them, or making them tight, round the shanks and back are not loosed through ignorance, nor is the accepter of the benefit, among us, reproached]; the kesreh of the first ل [in the original form حُلِلَ] being transferred to the ح: but Akh heard it pronounced in this instance حُلَّ; and some, he says, in this word, and in others like it, as رُدَّ and شُدَّ, only impart to the dammeh somewhat of the sound of kesreh, by the pronunciation termed إِشْمَام. (S.) b2: [He, or it, dissolved, melted, or liquefied, a thing; as also ↓ حلّل, inf. n. تَحْلِيلٌ, often said of a medicine as meaning it acted as a dissolvent.]

حُلَّ, (M, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) meaning It was dissolved, melted, or liquefied, is said of anything congealed, frozen, or solid. (M, K.) b3: [(assumed tropical:) He solved a problem, or riddle, &c. b4: (assumed tropical:) He analyzed a thing; as also ↓ حلّل, inf. n. as above.]

b5: حَلَّ اليَمِينَ: see 2. b6: From حَلُّ الأَحْمَالِ عِنْدَ النُّزُولِ [The untying, unbinding, or loosing, of the loads on the occasion of alighting], حَلَّ, inf. n. حُلُولٌ, came to be used alone as meaning نَزَلَ [i. e. He alighted; or descended and stopped or sojourned or abode or lodged or settled; and simply he took up his abode; or he abode, lodged, or settled; in a place]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) You say, حَلَّ بِالْمَكَانِ (S, K) or بِالْبَلَدِ, (Msb,) and حَلَّ المَكَانَ (S, Mgh, * K) or البَلَدَ, (Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K) and حَلِّ, (K,) both of which forms of the aor. are mentioned by Ibn-Málik, (TA,) inf. n. حُلُولٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and حَلٌّ (S, K) and حَلَلٌ, which is extr., (K,) and مَحَلٌّ (S, TA) and مَحِلٌّ; (TA;) and بِهِ ↓ احتلّ (S, * K) and ↓ احتلّهُ; (K;) meaning نَزَلَ بِهِ [He alighted, or descended and stopped &c. (as above), in the place or the country or town &c.]. (Msb, K, TA.) And in like manner, حَلَّ بِالقَوْمِ and حَلَّ القَوْمَ (S, ISd, TA) and بِهِمْ ↓ احتلّ and ↓ احتلّهُمْ (ISd, TA) [He alighted, or descended and stopped &c., at, or in, the abode of the people or party]; and حَلَّ إِلَى

القَوْم signifies the same. (TA.) And حُلَّ المَكَانُ The place was alighted in, or taken as an abode; (TA;) was inhabited. (K.) [Hence, in philosophy, حُلُولٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) Temporary or separable, and permanent or inseparable, indwelling or inbeing: and حَلَّ بِهِ or فِيهِ (assumed tropical:) It had, or became in the condition of having, such indwelling or inbeing in it. And حَلَّ بِهِ or فِيهِ is often said of joy and grief and the like, meaning (assumed tropical:) It took up its abode in him. And كَذَا ↓ حَلَّ مَحَلَّ (assumed tropical:) It took, or occupied, the place of such a thing.] b7: And hence, (TA,) حَلَّ الهَدْىُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, Msb,) inf. n. حِلَّةٌ and حُلُولٌ, (S, K,) (tropical:) The beasts for sacrifice arrived at the place where it was lawful for them to be sacrificed, (S, K, TA,) or at the place in which they should be sacrificed. (Msb.) b8: حَلَّ said of a punishment has for its aor. ـُ and حَلِّ, and the inf. n. is حُلُولٌ: (Msb:) [but it is said that] حَلَّ العَذَابُ, aor. ـُ means (assumed tropical:) The punishment alighted, or descended: and حَلَّ, aor. ـِ (assumed tropical:) it was, or became, due, or necessitated by the requirements of justice to take effect: it is said in the Kur [xx. 83], فَيَحُلَّ عَلَيْكُمْ غَضَبِى (assumed tropical:) [test my anger alight upon you, or befall you]; or فَيَحِلَّ عليكم (assumed tropical:) [test it become due to you]; accord. to different readings: (S, O:) or when you say, حَلَّ بِهِمْ العَذَابُ, [you mean (assumed tropical:) The punishment alighted upon them, or befell them; and] the aor. is حَلُ3َ only: and when you say, حَلَّ عَلَىَّ, or لَكَ, [you mean (assumed tropical:) It became due to me, or to thee; and] the aor. is حَلَّ: أَنْ يَحُلَّ عَلَيْكُمْ غَضَبٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ [in the Kur xx. 89,] means (assumed tropical:) that anger should alight upon you, or befall you, from your Lord [accord. to those who read thus instead of يَحِلَّ; but the latter is the common reading]. (TA.) You say also, حَلَّ أَمْرُ اللّٰهِ عَلَيْهِ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حُلُولٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [The threatened punishment of God] was, or became, due to him, or necessitated by the requirements of justice to take effect upon him. (K.) And حَلَّ حَقِّى عَلَيْهِ, (Msb, * K,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K,) inf. n. حُلُولٌ, (Msb,) or مَحِلٌّ, (K,) (tropical:) My right, or due, was, or became, a thing the rendering of which was obligatory, or incumbent, on him. (Msb, * K, TA.) And حَلَّ الدَّيْنُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. حُلُولٌ, (S Msb,) (assumed tropical:) The debt was, or became, or fell, due; (K, * TA;) its appointed term, or period, ended, (Msb, TA,) so that the payment of it became due. (TA.) and حَلَّ عَلَيْهِ الدَّيْنُ (assumed tropical:) The payment of the debt became obligatory on him. (Mgh.) b9: حَلَّ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حِلٌّ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and حَلَالٌ, (S,) (tropical:) It (a thing, S, Mgh, Msb) was, or became, lawful, allowable, or free; (S, TA;) لَكَ to thee: (S:) contr. of حَرُمَ: (Msb, K:) a metaphorical signification, from حَلُّ العُقْدَةِ [“ the untying of the knot ”]. (TA.) Hence the saying, الزَّوْجُ أَحَقُّ بِرَجْعَتِهَا مَا لَمْ تَحِلَّ لَهَا الصَلَاةُ (assumed tropical:) [The husband is entitled to taking her back to the marriage-state as long as prayer is not lawful to her]. (Mgh.) And the saying, in a trad., لَمَّا رَأَى الشَّمْسَ قَدْ وَقَبَتْ قَالَ هٰذَا حِينُ حِلِّهَا, i. e. [When he saw that the sun had set, he said,] This is the time of its becoming lawful; meaning the prayer of sunset. (TA.) b10: [حَلَّ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حِلٌّ, (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, free from, or quit of, an obligation, or responsibility.] You say, جَعَلَهُ فِى حِلٍّ مِنْ قِبَلِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He made him, or pronounced him, free from, or quit of, obligation, or responsibility, with respect to him.]. (TA.) [And أَنْتَ فِى حِلٍّ مِنْ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) Thou art free from, or quit of, obligation, or responsibility, with respect to such a thing.] and حَلَّ said of the مُحْرِم, (S, Msb,) or حَلَّ مِنْ إِحْرَامِهِ, (K,) inf. n. حَلَالٌ, (S,) or حِلٌّ, (Msb, K,) or both; (TA;) and ↓ احلّ, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ تحلّل; (Bd and Jel in ii. 192;) (tropical:) He quitted his state of إِحْرَام: (Msb, K:) this, also, is a metaphorical signification, from حَلُّ العُقْدَةِ. (TA.) [Hence,] فَعَلَهُ فِى حِلِّهِ وَ حِرْمِهِ, and وحُرْمِهِ ↓ فى حُلِّهِ, (assumed tropical:) He did it when he was free from إِحْرَام and when he was in the state of احرام. (K.) And شُهُورُ الحِلِّ, (S,) or أَشْهُرُ الحِلِّ: (K:) see حِلٌّ, below, and حَلَّتِ المَرْأَةُ, (S, K,) [aor. ـِ inf. n. حِلٌّ and حُلُولٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) The woman quitted her [period termed] عِدَّة: (S, K:) this, too, is a metaphorical signification, from حَلُّ العُقْدَةِ: (TA:) or حَلَّتْ لِلزَّوَاجِ (assumed tropical:) she became free from any obstacle to marriage, as, for instance, by having accomplished the عِدَّة. (Msb.) [And (assumed tropical:) The woman became free from the marriage tie, by the death of her husband, or by divorce.] You say, أَنْتِ فِى حِلٍّ مِنِّى (assumed tropical:) Thou art divorced from me. (TA.) And حَلَّتِ اليَمِينُ (assumed tropical:) The oath [became discharged; and thus,] proved true. (Msb.) b11: حَلَّ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَلٌّ, (assumed tropical:) He ran. (TA.) A2: حَلَّ بِهِ: see 4.

A3: حَلَّ, sec. Pers\. حَلِلْتَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَلَلٌ, He (a man) had a pain in his hips and [in the CK “ or ”] his knees. (K.) [See also حَلَلٌ, below.]2 حللّٰهُ: see 1, in two places: b2: and see also 4, in four places. b3: حلّل اليَمِينَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَحُلِيلٌ (Mgh, K) and ↓ تَحِلَّةٌ, (S, * Mgh, K,) and ↓ تَحِلٌّ, which is anomalous, (K,) or ↓ تَحِلَّةٌ is a simple subst., (Msb,) [and] so is ↓ حِلٌّ, (K, TA,) (assumed tropical:) He expiated the oath: (K:) or (assumed tropical:) he freed the oath from obligation by making an exception, or saying إِنْ شَآءَ اللّٰهُ, or by expiation: (Mgh, Msb:) or (assumed tropical:) he did that whereby he became free from violating, or failing of keeping, the oath; [generally meaning he made an exception in the oath, or he expiated it;] as also ↓ حَلَّهَا: (Msb:) and فِى يَمينه ↓ تحلّل (assumed tropical:) he made an exception, or said إِنْ شَآءَ اللّٰهُ, in his oath, (S, Mgh, K,) immediately: (TA:) and مِنْهَا ↓ تحلّل (assumed tropical:) he became quit of it by expiation, (Mgh, TA,) or by a violation of it requiring expiation, or by making an exception, or saying ان شاء اللّٰه, in it. (TA.) One says to him who goes to a great length in threatening, or him who exceeds the due bounds in what he says, أَبَا فُلَانٍ ↓ حِلًّا, meaning (assumed tropical:) Make thou an exception, or say ان شاء اللّٰه, O father of such a one, in thine oath; regarding him as a swearer: and in like manner one says, ↓ يَا حَالِفُ اذْكُرْ حِلًّا (assumed tropical:) [O swearer, bear in mind the making an exception, or saying ان شاء اللّٰه]. (S, * TA. [See a similar saying in the second sentence of this art.]) In the saying لَأَفْعَلَنَّ كَذَا ذٰلِكَ أَنْ أَفْعَلَ كَذَا ↓ إِلَّا حِلَّ, [the particle] الّا is syn. with لٰكِنَّ; and the meaning is said to be, (assumed tropical:) [I will assuredly do such a thing: but] the annulling of the obligation, or the expiation, of [that] my asseveration (قَسَمِى ↓ تَحِلَّةَ, or تَحْلِيلَهُ,) shall be my doing such a thing. (TA.) One says also, القَسَمِ ↓ فَعَلْتُهُ تَحِلَّةَ, meaning (assumed tropical:) I did it only enough to annul the obligation of, or to expiate, the oath; not exceeding therein the ordinary bounds. (S, Msb.) It is said in a trad., لَا يَمُوتُ القَسَمِ ↓ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ ثَلَاثَةُ أَوْلَادٍ فَتَمَسَّهُ النَّارُ إِلَّا تَحِلَّةَ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [Three children of the believer shall not die and the fire of Hell touch him]. save enough to annul the obligation of, or to expiate, the oath that is implied in the saying in the Kur [xix. 72], “There is not any of you that shall not come to it. ” (A' Obeyd, S, TA.) Hence تَحْلِيلٌ came to be applied to anything in which the ordinary bounds were not exceeded. (S, Msb.) One says, ضَرَبْتُهُ تَحْلِيلًا, (S, TA,) or ضَرْبًا تَحْلِيلًا, (K,) meaning (assumed tropical:) I beat him moderately; not exceeding the ordinary bounds. (K, * TA.) And Kaab Ibn-Zuheyr says, speaking of the feet of a she-camel, وَقْعُهُنَّ الأَرْضَ تَحْلِيلُ, meaning Their falling on the ground is without vehemence. (S.) [In like manner, also,] القَسَمِ ↓ تَحِلَّةَ is descriptive, by way of comparison, of littleness; as is اليَمِينِ ↓ تَحِلَّةَ: (Mgh:) or of anything occupying little time: (TA:) and القَسَمِ ↓ إِلَّا تَحِلَّةَ, in the trad. cited above, means (assumed tropical:) [slightly, or] with a slight touch. (Mgh.) A poet says, أَرَى إِبِلِى جَدُودَ فَلَمْ تَذُقْ مُقْسَمِ ↓ بِهَا قَطْرَةً إِلَّا تَحِلَّةَ (assumed tropical:) [I see my camels loathed the water of Jadood, so that they did not taste in it a drop save sparingly]. (S.) b4: حلّل مَا بِهِ مِنَ الدَّآءِ, inf. n. تَحْلِيلٌ, (assumed tropical:) He, or it, removed what was in him, of disease. (Har p. 231.) A2: حللّٰهُ الحُلَّةَ He clad him with the حُلَّة. (TA.) 3 حالّهُ He alighted, or descended and stopped or sojourned or abode or lodged or settled, with him; and simply he took up his abode, lodged, or settled, with him; syn. حَلَّ مَعَهُ. (K.) Yousay, يُحَالُّهُ فِى دَارٍ وَاحِدَةٍ [He takes up his abode, lodges, or settles, with him in one house]. (S.) And, of a woman, تُحَالُّ زَوْجَهَا فِى فِرَاشٍ [She takes her place with her husband in a bed]. (Mgh.) 4. احلّهُ He made him to alight, or descend and stop or sojourn or abide or lodge or settle; and simply he made him to take up his abode, to lodge, or to settle; syn. أَنْزَلَهُ; (S, K;) as also ↓ حللّٰهُ, and بِهِ ↓ حَلَّ: (K:) said also of a place [as though meaning it invited him to alight, &c.]. (ISd, TA.) So in the phrases احلّهُ المَكَانَ and بِالْمَكَانِ, and المَكَانَ ↓ حللّٰهُ, He made him to alight, or descend and stop &c., in the place. (K.) b2: احلّ بِنَفْسِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He caused punishment (العُقُوبَةَ being understood) to alight, or descend, upon himself; or] he did what necessitated, or he deserved, punishment. (S, K.) b3: احلّهُ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) God necessitated it, as suitable to the requirements of justice, to take effect upon him; namely, his threatened punishment (أَمْرَهُ). (K, * TA.) b4: And احلّهُ (tropical:) He (God, Msb and K, and a man, S, Msb) made it lawful, allowable, or free; as also ↓ حللّٰهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) inf. n. تَحْلِيلٌ and ↓ تَحِلَّةٌ. (S.) Hence, [in the Kur ii. 276,] أَحَلَّ اللّٰهُ البَيْعَ (assumed tropical:) God has made selling to be lawful, or allowable, giving the choice to practise it or abstain from it. (Msb.) And hence also, أَحْلَلْتُ لَهُ الشَّىْءَ (assumed tropical:) I made, or have made, lawful, allowable, or free, to him, the thing. (S.) and أَحْلَلْتُ المَرْأَةَ لِزَوْجِهَا (assumed tropical:) I made, or have made, the woman lawful to her husband. (S.) b5: and أَحْلَلْتُهُ and ↓ حَلَّلْتُهُ (assumed tropical:) I made him, or pronounced him, free from, or quit of, obligation, or responsibility, with respect to what was between me and him. (Ham p. 446.) And ↓ تحللّٰهُ (assumed tropical:) He made him, or pronounced him, free from, or quit of, obligation, or responsibility, with respect to himself. (TA.) b6: أَحِلُّوا اللّٰهَ يَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ, or أَجِلُّوا, with ج, accord. to different readings of a trad.: see 4 in art. جل.

A2: احلّ as an intrans. verb: see 1, near the end of the paragraph. Also (assumed tropical:) He entered upon [any of] the profane months. (S, K.) And (assumed tropical:) He went forth to the حِلّ: (S, K:) or he became in the حِلّ; which means the region without the حَرَم [or sacred territory]: (Msb:) or he became free from, or quit of, an obligation [of any kind] that was upon him. (S, K.) b2: It is said in a trad., أَحِلَّ بِمَنْ أَحَلَّ بِكَ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Whoso quits the state of إِحْرَام, and makes it lawful to attack thee, and fights with thee, do thou so with him, though thou be in the state of احرام: or it means, if a man make lawful to him what is unlawful to him, as thy honour or reputation, and thy property, repel him from thyself in such a way as thou canst. (Sgh, TA.) b3: احلّت (assumed tropical:) She (a ewe or goat) secreted milk in her udder without bringing forth: (S, O:) or (assumed tropical:) she, (a ewe or goat, K, and a camel, TA,) after her milk had become scanty, or had dried up, yielded her milk abundantly in consequence of her having eaten the [herbage termed] رَبِيع: in which case she is said to be ↓ مُحِلٌّ. (K.) And احلّت عَلَى وَلَدِهَا (assumed tropical:) She (a camel) yielded her milk abundantly to her young one. (ISd, TA.) 5 تحلّل It passed away by becoming dissolved, melted, or liquefied. (KL.) [And تحلّل إِلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) It became reduced by analysis to it: occurring in this sense in the TA, art. قطع, in two places.] b2: (assumed tropical:) It (a disease) went away by degrees. (Har p. 231.) b3: See also 1, near the end of the paragraph. [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) He became ↓ حَلَال, meaning he finished his prayer. (Har p. 348.) b4: تحلّل فِى يَمِينِهِ: and تحلّل مِنْهَا: see 2. b5: تحلّل السَّفَرُ بِالرَّجُلِ (assumed tropical:) [The journey caused the man to fall sick after it; or] the man fell sick after arriving from the journey. (ISd, K.) A2: تحلّلهُ: see 4.7 انحلّت العُقْدَةُ The knot became untied, or undone, (K, TA,) or opened. (S.) b2: [And انحلّ It became dissolved, melted, or liquefied. b3: (assumed tropical:) It (a problem, or riddle, &c.) became solved. b4: (assumed tropical:) It (a thing) became analyzed. b5: (assumed tropical:) He relaxed; or became free from self-restraint.] b6: انحلّت اليَمينُ (assumed tropical:) The oath became freed from obligation [by an exception made in it, or by expiation]. (Msb.) 8 احتلّ: see 1, in four places.10 استحلّهُ (assumed tropical:) He reckoned it, accounted it, esteemed it, or deemed it, lawful, allowable, or free: (S, O:) [and consequently, he profaned, desecrated, or violated, it; i. e., a thing that should be regarded as sacred, or inviolable:] or he took it as, or made it, lawful, allowable, or free: or he asked him to make it so to him. (K.) R. Q. 1 حَلْحَلَهُمْ He removed them, (S, K,) or unsettled them, from their place, (S,) or from their places, and put them in motion. (K.) b2: حَلْحَلْ بِالنَّاقَةِ, (S,) or بِالإِبِلِ, (K,) He said to the she-camel, (S,) or to the camels, (K,) حَلْ, (S, K,) or حَلٍ حَلٍ. (K.) R. Q. 2 تَحَلْحَلَ عَنْ مَكَانِهِ He removed from his place; or quitted it. (S.) And تَحَلْحَلُوا They removed from their places, and became in motion, (K, TA,) and went away. (TA.) حَلْ (S, K) and حَلٍ, the latter used in the case of connexion with a following word, (S,) or حَلٍ حَلٍ, (K,) A cry by which a she-camel is chidden, like as a male camel is by the cry حَوْب: (S:) or a cry by which camels are chidden; (K, * TA;) but only female camels; as also حَلِي. (TA.) حَلٌّ Oil of sesame, or sesamum. (S, K.) حُلٌّ: see 1, near the end of the paragraph.

حِلٌّ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.], in several senses. (S, K &c.) b2: [Hence,] شُهُورُ الحِلِّ, (S,) or أَشْهُرُ الحِلِّ, (K,) [The profane months; i. e. all the months except those termed الأَشْهُرُ الحُرُمُ: see حَرَامٌ.]

A2: Also a simple subst. from حلّل اليَمِينَ: see 2, in four places.

A3: See also حَلَالٌ, in seven places. b2: [Hence,] الحِلُّ (assumed tropical:) The region that is without the حَرَم [or sacred territory]. (S, Msb, K.) A4: See also حَالٌّ.

A5: Also A butt; an object of aim, at which one shoots or throws. (K.) حّلَّةٌ: see مَحَلٌّ.

A2: A large basket, (K,) or a thing of the form of a large basket, (Sgh, TA,) of reeds, or canes, (Sgh, K, TA,) in which wheat is put: so in the conventional language of the people of Baghdád: (Sgh, TA:) but in that of Egypt, a copper cooking-pot: (TA:) [pl. حِلَلٌ.]

A3: The direction (جِهَة, and قَصْد,) of a thing; as also ↓ حِلَّةٌ: (K:) as when you say حلَّةَ الغَوْرِ in the direction of the Ghowr; syn. قَصْدَهُ. (Sb, TA.) A4: فِيهِ حَلَّةٌ In him is weakness, and languor; as also ↓ حِلَّةٌ. (M.) حُلَّةٌ [A dress consisting of] an إِزَار [i. e. a waist-wrapper] and a رِدَآء [or wrapper for the whole body], (S, M, Mgh, K,) or a بُرْد [which is another kind of wrapper for the whole body], or some other garment: (M, K:) only applied to a dress consisting of two garments (S, M, Nh, Msb, K) of one kind: (Nh, Msb:) or either of the two garments by itself: or a رِدَآء and a shirt, completed by a turban; or a good garment; but not so called when upon a man; for in this case it means two garments, or three: or any good new garment that is worn, thick or coarse, or fine or thin: (TA:) or a lined garment: (K:) but with the Arabs of the desert it means [a dress consisting of] three garments, i. e. a shirt and an إِزَار and a رِدَآء: (TA:) pl. حُلَلٌ (Msb) [and حِلَالٌ, as below]: accord. to A'Obeyd, حُلَلٌ means بُرُود of El-Yemen, (S, TA,) from various places; and a garment of this kind is asserted to be meant in a trad. in which it is said that the best kind of grave-clothing is the حُلَّة: it is also said that حُلَلٌ is applied to the وَشْى and حِبَر and خَزّ and قَزّ and قُوهِىّ and مَرْوِىّ and حَرِير. (TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) A weapon, or weapons: (Sgh, K:) pl. حُلَلٌ and حِلَالٌ. (K.) You say, لَبِسَ حُلَّتَهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He wore, or put on, his weapon, or weapons. (Sgh, TA.) b3: Also [like إِزَارٌ] (tropical:) A wife. (TA.) حِلَّةٌ A mode, or manner, of حُلُول [i. e. alighting, taking up one's abode, lodging, or settling]. (K.) b2: See also حَالٌّ, in three places. b3: and see مَحَلٌّ, in two places. b4: Also (tropical:) A collection of بُيُوت [i. e. tents, or houses,] (Msb, K) of men; (K;) as also ↓ مَحَلَّةٌ: (Har p. 333:) or (K) a hundred thereof, (Msb, K,) and more: pl. حِلَالٌ. (Msb.) b5: (assumed tropical:) A sitting-place, or the people thereof; syn. مَجْلِسٌ: [or] (assumed tropical:) a place of assembly: pl. as above. (K.) A2: See also حَلَّةٌ, in two places.

حَلَلٌ A laxness in the legs of a beast: or in the tendons, or sinews, (K,) and weakness in the نَسَا [q. v.], (TA,) with laxness of the hock: or it is peculiar to camels: (K:) and signifies a weakness in the عُرْقُوب [i. e. hock, or hock-tendon,] of a camel; (Fr, S, O;) or in each عرقوب of a camel: (M, TA:) if in the knee, it is termed طَرَقٌ. (Fr, S.) b2: And Paucity of flesh in the posteriors and thighs; or smallness and closeness of the buttocks; or paucity of flesh in the thighs; syn. رَسَحٌ; (K;) in a woman. (TA.) b3: and Pain in the hips, or haunches, and the knees, in a man. (K.) حَلَالٌ (tropical:) Lawful, allowable, or free; contr. of حَرَامٌ; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ حِلَالٌ (K) and ↓ حِلٌّ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ حَلِيلٌ: (K:) a metaphorical signification, from حَلُّ العُقْدَةِ [“ the untying of the knot ”] : according to some, meaning what is not forbidden; and therefore including what is disapproved and what is not disapproved: accord. to others, that for which one is not punishable. (TA.) [Hence, مَالٌ حَلَالٍ (assumed tropical:) Wealth lawfully acquired. And اِبْنُ حَلَالٍ (assumed tropical:) A legitimate son: and an ingenuous, or honest, person.] And الحُلْوُ الحَلَالُ (tropical:) Language in which is nothing that induces doubt, or suspicion: (K, TA:) and the man in whom is nothing that induces doubt, or suspicion. (TA in art. حلو.) And لَكَ ↓ هُوَ حِلٌّ (tropical:) It is lawful, allowable, or free, to thee. (TA.) And بِلٌّ ↓ هُوَ حِلٌّ, meaning the same; (S;) or وّبِلٌّ ↓ حِلٌّ; (K;) and هِيَ وَبِلٌّ ↓ لِشَارِبٍ حِلٌّ: (TA:) see art. بل. b2: (tropical:) A man who has quitted his state of إِحْرَام; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ مُحِلٌّ, (Msb,) and ↓ حِلٌّ, (S, Msb,) and مِنَ الإِحْرَامِ ↓ حِلٌّ; (S, TA;) or this last signifies one who has not become in that state: (TA:) by rule one should say حَالٌّ, which is not used in this sense. (K.) b3: (tropical:) A woman free from any obstacle to marriage, as, for instance, by having accomplished the عِدَّة. (Msb.) b4: See also 5.

حِلَالٌ: see حَلَالٌ.

حَلِيلٌ: see حَلَالٌ. b2: Also A fellow-lodger, or fellow-resident, of another, in one house: fem. with ة. (S.) b3: And hence, (TA,) A husband: (S, Msb, K:) and with ة a wife; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also without ة: (K:) or they are so called because each occupies a place, in relation to the other, which none beside occupies: (Msb:) [but there may be two or more wives to one man:] accord. to some, they are so called because the husband is lawful to the wife, and the wife to the husband: but the word, [or rather each word,] thus applied, is ancient: not a law-term: the pl. is حَلَائِلُ. (TA.) b4: Also A neighbour: (Msb:) fem. with ة. (S.) b5: And A guest. (Msb.) حَلَّالٌ (assumed tropical:) One who solves astronomical problems. (TA.) حَلَّانٌ: see تَحِلَّةٌ. b2: دَمُهُ حُلَّانٌ (assumed tropical:) His blood goes for nothing; or is of no account. (K.) حَلْحَالٌ [The act of chiding a she-camel, or she-camels, by the cry حَلْ: a subst. from حَلْحَلَ; like زَلْزَالٌ from زَلْزَلَ: or] a subst. derived from حَلْ, or حَلٍ. (TA.) حُلَاحِلٌ A grave, staid, or sedate, chief: (S:) or one who is grave, staid, or sedate, in his sittingplace; a chief among his kinsfolk: (TA:) or a courageous chief: or a portly man, characterized by much manly virtue: or grave, staid, or sedate, with a forbearing, or clement, disposition: applied to a man: (K:) never to a woman: (TA:) and ↓ مُحَلْحَلٌ signifies the same: (K:) or the former, a chief with whom men often alight, or abide: (Har p. 69:) pl. حَلاحِلُ. (S.) حَالٌّ [Untying, undoing, or opening, a knot:] act. part. n. of حَلَّ in the phrase حَلَّ العُقْدَةَ. (Msb.) b2: [And hence, (see 1,)] Alighting, or descending and stopping or sojourning or abiding or lodging or settling; or simply taking up one's abode; or abiding, lodging, or settling; in a place; syn. نَازِلٌ; (K, TA;) as also ↓ حِلٌّ; occurring in the Kur xc. 2: (TA:) pl. of the former حُلُولٌ and حُلَّالٌ and حُلَّلٌ, (K,) and quasi-pl. n.

↓ حِلَّةٌ; (TA [in which it is in one place called a pl. (not a quasi-pl. n.) of حَالٌّ];) and the pl. of حِلَّةٌ is حِلَالٌ. (TA.) You say حَىٌّ حُلُولٌ A tribe that is [abiding] in one place. (Ham p. 171.) And ↓ قَوْمٌ حِلَّةٌ A people, or party, alighting, &c., (S, Msb, K,) and comprising a numerous company: and in like manner, ↓ حِىٌّ حِلَّةٌ, (S,) and حَىٌّ حِلَالٌ, (S, TA,) a numerous tribe [alighting, &c.]. (TA.) [See also نَظَرٌ.] b3: Hence, الحَالُّ المُرْتَحِلُ (assumed tropical:) He who completes the reading, or reciting, of the Kur-án, and then immediately recommences it; likened to him who travels much, and does not come to his family: or the warrior who does not return from his warring. (TA.) b4: دَيْنٌ حَالٌ (assumed tropical:) A debt of which the appointed term, or period, is ended; (Msb;) a debt falling due; (TA;) contr. of مُؤَجَّلٌ. (Mgh.) b5: See also مُحَلَّلٌ.

أَحَلُّ Having what is termed حَلَلٌ [q. v.]: fem.

حَلَّآءُ: and pl. حُلٌّ, applied to horses, (K, TA,) and to camels, and to wolves: (TA:) a camel having a weakness in the عُرْقُوب [i. e. hock, or hock-tendon]: (Fr, S:) and having a laxness in his legs: it is discommended in everything, except the wolf. (S.) b2: The fem., applied to a woman, signifies Having little flesh in the posteriors and thighs; or having small and close buttocks; or having little flesh in the thighs. (TA.) إِحْلِيلٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ تِحْلِيلٌ (K) The orifice through which the urine passes forth (S, Msb, K) from the penis of a man: (K:) and the orifice through which the milk passes forth from the breast (S, Msb, K) and from the udder. (S, Msb.) تَحِلٌّ: see 2, near the beginning.

تَحِلَّةٌ: see 2, in nine places: and see also 4. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) A thing with which an oath is expiated; (K;) [and so ↓ حُلَّانٌ; as in the saying,] أَعْطِهِ حُلَّانَ يَمِينِهِ (assumed tropical:) Give thou to him that with which he may expiate his oath. (ISd, K.) تِحْلِيلٌ: see إِحْلِيلٌ.

مَحَلٌّ A place where a person or party alights, or descends and stops or sojourns or abides or lodges or settles; a place of alighting, or descending and stopping &c.; or simply where one takes up his abode, abides, lodges, or settles; (S, Msb, TA;) as also ↓ مَحِلٌّ: (Msb:) and ↓ مَحَلَّةٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ حِلَّةٌ, (S,) or ↓ حَلَّةٌ, (K,) signify a [particular, or special,] place of alighting, or descending and stopping &c., (S, Msb, K,) of a people or party: (S, Msb:) the pl. of مَحَلٌّ is مَحَالُّ; and the pl. of مَحَلَّةٌ is مَحَلَّاتٌ. (TA.) You say, صِدْقٍ ↓ هُوَ فِى حِلَّةِ, i. e. صِدْقٍ ↓ فى مَحَلَّةِ [He is in a good, or an excellent, place of alighting, &c.]. (S.) b2: [Hence, (assumed tropical:) A place, in a general sense. Thus in the phrase, حَلَّ مَحَلَّ كَذَا: see 1. And in the phrases, used in grammar, مَحَلُّهُ الرَّفْعَ (assumed tropical:) Its place in construction is that of the nominative case; and مَرْفُوعٌ مَحَلًّا (assumed tropical:) Virtually in the nominative case by reason of the place which it occupies in construction; and the like.] b3: [Hence, also,] a term applied by Ks to (assumed tropical:) An adverbial noun of place or time. (T voce ظَرْفٌ.) b4: [Hence, also, (assumed tropical:) A person, considered as one in whom some quality has place.] You say, هُوَ مَحَلٌّ لِأَنْ يُقَالَ فِيهِ إِنَّهُ لَخَيْرٌ وَعَسَى أَنْ يَفْعَلَ خَيْرًا (assumed tropical:) [He is a person fit, or proper, for one's saying of him, Verily he is good, and may-be he will do good]. (A and TA in art. ان.) A2: It is also an inf. n. (S, TA. [See 1.]) مَحِلٌّ: see مَحَلٌّ. b2: Also The lawful place of slaughter of a beast for sacrifice; (S;) accord. to some, to the pilgrim on the general day of sacrifice, and to the performer of the عُمْرَة on the day of his entering Mekkeh; or, as others say, to him who is in the state of إِحْرَام. (TA.) b3: And The term, or period, of falling due of a debt. (S, TA.) A2: It is also an inf. n. (K, TA. [See 1.]) مُحَلٌّ: see مُحَلَّلٌ.

مُحلٌّ [Making one to alight, or descend and stop &c.]. [Hence,] المُحِلَّتَانِ (assumed tropical:) The cooking-pot and the hand-mill: and المُحِلَّاتُ the cooking-pot and the hand-mill and the bucket and the knife and the axe and the instrument for striking light (قَدَّاحَة, S, or زَنْد, K) and the water-skin (S, K) and the bowl: (K:) for he who has with him these things alights, or abides, wheresoever he will; but he who has not must be near to persons from whom he may borrow some one or more thereof. (S.) [Hence, also,] تَلْعَةٌ مُحِلَّةٌ (assumed tropical:) A تلعة [q. v.] comprising one بَيْت [or tent], or two. (O, K.) b2: (assumed tropical:) [Making a debt to fall due.] The Arabs used to say, when they saw the new moon, لَا مَرْحَبًا بِمُحِلِّ الدَّيْنِ وَ مُقَرِّبِ الآجَالِ (assumed tropical:) [No welcome be to that which makes the debt to fall due, and makes near the appointed periods!]. (TA.) b3: See also حَلَالٌ. b4: Also (assumed tropical:) One with whom it is lawful to fight: (S in art. حرم:) or whom it is lawful to slay: (TA:) contr. of مُحْرِمٌ, in the former sense, (S ubi suprà,) or in the latter sense. (TA.) b5: (assumed tropical:) One who has no claim, or covenanted right, to protection, or safeguard, or respect; (S, TA;) contr. of مُحْرِمٌ, in this sense also. (S.) b6: (assumed tropical:) A man who violates that which is sacred: or who does not hold that there is any sacredness pertaining to the sacred month. (K.) b7: See also 4, last sentence but one.

مَحَلَّةٌ: see مَحَلٌّ, in two places: b2: and see also حِلَّةٌ.

مُحَلَّلٌ: see مِحْلَالٌ. Also Any water at which camels have abode, and which they have consequently rendered turbid. (K.) A2: مُحَلَّلٌ لَهُ A man whose remarriage to his wife whom he has trebly divorced has been made lawful to him by her having been married to, and divorced by, another man; (Mgh, * TA;) as also لَهُ ↓ مُحَلٌّ (Mgh) and لُهُ ↓ مَحْلُولٌ (TA) and ↓ حَالٌّ, (ElKarkhee, Mgh,) or this last signifies [properly] one whose wife is lawful to him. (TA.) A3: مٌحًلَّلٌ also signifies A thing little in quantity. (K.) مُحَلِّلٌ (assumed tropical:) A man who marries a woman that has bee trebly divorced, (S, Msb, K, TA,) on the condition of his divorcing her after consummation of the marriage, (TA,) in order that she may become lawful to [be remarried to] the former husband. (S, Msb, K, TA.) b2: In a case of racing, (assumed tropical:) He that intervenes between two contending for a stake or stakes, (S,) or the third horse in a contest for a stake or stakes; (K;) if he outstrip, he takes [the stake or stakes]; and if he be outstripped, he is not fined: (S, K:) the case is this: two men lay two stakes; and then another comes, and starts his horse with the two others, without [laying] a stake; if one of the first two outstrip, he takes the two stakes, and this is lawful because of the third; but if the مُحَلِّل outstrip, he takes the two stakes; and if he be outstripped, there is no fine for him: he must be a horse of which one is sure that he may outstrip; otherwise it is termed قِمَارٌ: and he is also called دَخِيلٌ: (TA:) the مُحَلِّل in racing is so called because he makes lawful the contest for a stake or stakes, which had otherwise been unlawful. (Msb.) مِحْلَالٌ A place, (S,) or a meadow (رَوْضَةٌ), (K,) and a land (أَرْضٌ), (TA,) and a house (دَارٌ), (Mgh and Msb in art. اتى,) in which people alight, or descend and stop, or abide, much, or often; (S, K, TA, and Mgh and Msb ubi suprà;) as also ↓ مُحَلَّلٌ applied to a place: (S, TA:) or chosen as a place of alighting, &c.: or, accord. to ISd, that makes [or invites] people to alight, &c., in it much, or often; because a word of the measure مِفْعَالٌ has only the meaning of an act. part. n.: and, as some say, a meadow and a land are only thus called if abounding with herbage wholesome to the cattle. (TA.) مَحْلُولٌ: see مُحَلَّلٌ.

مُحَلْحَلٌ: see حُلَا حِلٌ.

بشر: بَشَر الأديم: قشر وجهه - وبشر الكتابة: حكها لإزالتها من الورقة، ومحا الكلمات بممحاة، وكذلك شطب عليها بالقلم لطمسها (رسالة إلى فليشر ص79 - 81، المعجم اللاتيني، فوك).
بَشّر (بالتضعيف): كافأ من أخبره بخبر سار (الكالا). بشّر بالردى: أنذر بالهلاك، وتوقع الشر (بوشر). - وسايف، لعب بالسيف (الكالا).
باشر: لامس (رسالة إلى فليشر 210) مثل ما يقال: باشر الماء بعضوه للطهارة. (تاريخ البربر 2: 425) ويقال: يباشر الهواء برأسه كالمتداوى به لصحته (البكري 24).
وباشر: عني بالشيء واهتم وقام بالأمر (بوشر) - وباشر دعوة: عني بها واهتم (بوشر) - وباشر الأمر: تولاه بنفسه واهتم به (بوشر) - وباشر الشيء بنفسه: فعله بنفسه من غير وساطة (بوشر) - وباشر قبض المال: قبضه بنفسه (تاريخ البربر 1: 440) - وباشر: تعهد بعمل على أن ينفذه حسب الشروط (بوشر).
باشر الاستادارية: تولى منصب أستاذ الدار (مملوك 1، 1: 57).
وباشر فلاناً: اتصل به (المقدمة 1: 248، 2: 317، تاريخ البربر 1: 483، 484، 2: 512).
وباشره: حاول قتله بنفسه، ففي تاريخ البربر (2: 430): اقتحموا عليه الدار وباشره مولاه محمد بن سيد الناس فطعنه واشواء.
تَبشّر: فرح وتهلل، (ديوان الهذليين 222) انبشر: مطاوع بشر (فوك).
استبشر: لا يقال استبشر فقط (لين، فوك) بل يقال أيضاً: استبشر بفلان، ففي حيان - بسام (1: 30ق): فلما وصل إليه أظهر الاستبشار به (كليلة ودمنة ص15)
بِشْر: واد ينتج أعشاباً تؤكل غير مطبوخة: أي لا ينتج إلا أعشاباً لا قيمة لها. والمرء يتساءل إذا كان هذا التفسير الذي فسره به دي ساسي في منتخبات من أدب العرب (2: 484) صحيحاً.
بَشَر: يقال: العقوبة على الأبشار، أي على ظاهر جلد الإنسان - وضرب الابشار: جلدها بالسياط (معجم البلاذري).
البشر = البشريون: الإنسان ذكراً كان أو أنثى (معجم أبي الفداء).
بَشَرَة: قشرة، لحاء (معجم الادريسي).
بُشرى: ما يبشر به، الخير المنتظر (بوشر).
بَشَريٌ: جسماني (بوشر) - بشرياً: إنسانياً، حسب ما يطيقه الإنسان (بوشر).
بشير: مبشر وهو من يتقدم الشخص ويخبر بقدومه (بوشر).
وبشير الحوت: بشرته وهي إفلاس السمك (دومب 69).
بشارة: بشرى، ما يبشر بحدوث شيء (بوشر).
وبشارة: سفارة (هلو). مباشر: قيم، ناظر، وكيل (همبرت 207، بشائر الأثمار: بواكيرها وأوائلها (بوشر). وقولهم: دُقَّت البشائر أو ضُرِبت البشائر (انظر دي ساسي مختارات 1: 91، مملوك 2، 1: 148) فإن بشائر ليست فيما أرى جمع بشيرة كما يرى فريتاج، بل جمع بشارة. وعيد البشارة عند النصارى. (بوشر لين عادات 2: 363).
بشّار: ذكرها فوك في مادة radere.
بَشّارة: فراشة (همبرت 70، بوشر) وهي بشارة من دون تشديد عند برجرن.
باشورة وجمعها بواشير: حصن بارز، ولئن المشارقة لم يعرفوا الحصون البارزة، فهو بالأحرى حصن مشرف غير منتظم الشكل منعزل عن باقي الموقع.
وهو أيضاً حصن منعزل تعلوه سطيحة يشيد في الأرض الخلاء المكشوفة، لمنع تقدم العدو والتفوق عليه في الحرب (مونج ص252 - 255).
وباشورة: مرقب، محرس (هلو).
تَبْشير: حملة، هجمة بالمسايفة، أو رفع الرمح في أثناء المبارزة (الكالا).
مَبُشِّر: بشير، من يتقدم الشخص يبشر بقدومه (بوشر) - ومُبَشِّر الصيف: الخس وغيره من أحرار البقول (زيشر 11: 521).
المُبَشِّرات: التجلي والكشف عند الأولياء (المقدمة 1: 187). بوشر، مملوك 1، 1: 27، المقري 3: 109، أماري ديب 189) - ومفوض، مندوب تنتدبه الحكومة للقيام بعمل معين (بوشر) - والمباشرون أو الكتاب الأقباط (فانسليب 93).
والمباشر: السفير والرسول (هلو) - ومباشر لطبع كتاب غيره: ناشر الكتاب (بوشر).
ومباشر العسكر: أمين حسابات العسكر الذي يأمر بصرف مرتباتهم (بوشر).
ومعمار مباشر: متعهد، مقاول، الذي يلتزم إنشاء عمارة أو أية بناية (بوشر).
مُبَاشَرَة: عمل المباشر، نظارة، إدارة - تدبير - وتعهد، مقاولة (بوشر).

بشر

1 بَشَرَ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. بَشْرٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ ابشر, (A,) inf. n. إِبْشَارٌ; (K;) He pared (S, A, Msb, K) a hide, (S, A, Msb,) removing its بَشَرَة, (S,) or face, or surface, (A, Msb,) or the skin upon which the hair grew: (TA:) or, as some say, removing its inner part with a large knife: or, accord. to Ibn-Buzurj, some of the Arabs say, بَشَرْتُ الأَدِيمَ, aor. ـِ meaning I removed from the hide its بَشَرَة; and ↓ أَبْشَرْتُهُ as meaning I exposed to view its بَشَرَة that was next to the flesh; and آدَمْتُهُ I exposed to view its أَدَمَة upon which the hair grew. (TA.) [But see أَدَمَةٌ.] b2: Hence the saying in a trad., مَنْ أَحَبَّ القُرْآنَ قَلْيَبْشُرْ, accord. to him who recites it thus, with damm to the ش; meaning (assumed tropical:) Whoso loveth the Kur-án, let him make himself light of flesh, [by not eating more than will be sufficient, and so prepare himself] for [reading, or reciting,] it, [like as one prepares a horse for running,] because eating much causes one to forget it. (TA.) b3: Hence also, بَشَرَ الأَرْضَ, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (S, K,) (assumed tropical:) It (a swarm of locusts) stripped the ground; (TA;) ate what was upon the ground, (S, K,) i. e., upon its surface; as though the exterior of the ground were its بَشَرَة. (TA.) b4: And بَشَرَ, aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He clipped his mustache much, so that the بَشَرَة (i. e. the exterior of the skin, TA) became apparent. (K, TA.) This the Muslim is commanded to do. (TA.) b5: بَشَرَنِى فُلَانٌ بِوَجْهٍ حَسَنٍ Such a one met me with a cheerful countenance. (S.) See also 2, in two places. b6: And see 3.

A2: بَشِرَ, aor. ـَ (IAar, S, Msb, K;) and بَشَرَ, aor. ـِ (IAar, K,) inf. n. بَشْرٌ and بُشُورٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ابشر, [which is the most common, though extr. in respect of analogy, as being quasi-pass. of بَشَرَ, like احجم and احنج and اعرض and اقشع and اكبّ and انهج, (mentioned by MF in art. حنج as the only other instances of the kind,) and اخلج, (added in the TA in art. خلج,)] (S, A, Mgh, K,) inf. n. إِبْشَارٌ; (S;) and ↓ استبشر; (S, A, Msb, K;) and ↓ تبشّر; (A;) [originally, He became changed in his بَشَرَة (or complexion) by the annunciation of an event: see بَشَّرَهُ: and hence,] he rejoiced, or became rejoiced; (IAar, S, A, Msb, K;) بِكَذَا [at, or by, such a thing; or at, or by, the annunciation of such a thing]. (IAar, S, K. *) You say, أَتَانِى أَمْرٌ بَشِرْتُ بِهِ An affair happened to me whereat I rejoiced, or whereby I became rejoiced. (S.) And بِمَوْلُودٍ ↓ أَبْشَرَ He rejoiced [at the annunciation of a new-born child]. (S.) And بِخَيْرٍ ↓ أَبْشِرْ Rejoice thou [at the annunciation of a good event]. (S, K.) And in the same sense ↓ أَبْشِرُوا is used in the Kur xli. 30. (S.) 2 بشّرهُ (S, A, Msb, &c.,) the form used by the Arabs in general, (Msb,) inf. n. تَبْشِيرٌ; (S, Msb, K, &c.;) and ↓ بَشَرَهُ, aor. ـُ (S, Mgh, Msb,) of the dial. of Tihámeh and the adjacent parts, (Msb,) inf. n. بَشْرٌ and بُشُورٌ (S, K) and بُشْرٌ, (TA,) or this last is a simple subst.; (Msb;) and ↓ ابشرهُ; (S, A, Mgh, K;) and ↓ استبشرهُ; (K, TA;) are syn.; (S, K, &c.;) originally signifying He announced to him an event which produced a change in his بَشَرَة [or complexion]: and hence, (El-Fakhr Er-Rázee,) he announced to him an event which rejoiced him: (A, El-Fakhr Er-Rázee:) so in common acceptation [when not restricted by an adjunct that denotes its having a different meaning: see بُشْرَى and an ex. below in this paragraph]: (El-Fakhr Er-Rázee:) or he rejoiced him [by an annunciation]: (Msb:) and he announced to him an event which grieved him: [or he grieved him by an annunciation:] both these significations are proper. (El-Fakhr Er-Rázee.) You say, بشّرهُ بِالأَمْرِ [generally meaning He rejoiced him by the annunciation of the event]; and بِهِ ↓ بَشَرَهُ, aor. and inf. ns. as above; &c. (TA.) And بَشَّرْتُهُ بِمَوْلُودٍ [I rejoiced him by the annunciation of a new-born child]. (S.) And it is said in the Kur [iii. 20, &c.], بَشِّرْهُمْ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ

[Grieve thou them by the annunciation, or denunciation, of a painful punishment]. (S.) You say also, of a she-camel, بَشَّرَتْ بِاللَّقَاحِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) She made it known that she had begun to be pregnant. (TA. [See also 4.]) 3 باشر المَرْأَةَ, (K, &c.,) inf. n. مُبَاشَرَةٌ (S, Mgh, TA) and بِشَارٌ, (TA,) He was, or became, in contact with the woman, skin to skin: (TA:) he enjoyed [contact with] her skin: (Msb:) he became in contact with her, skin to skin, both being within one garment or piece of cloth: (K:) he lay with her, [skin to skin; or in the sense of] inivit eam: (S, K:) i. q. وَطِئَهَا, both فِى الفَرْجِ and خَارِجًا مِنْهُ: (TA:) [and so ↓ بَشَرَهَا inf. n. بَشْرٌ; for] بَشْرٌ and مُبَاشَرَةٌ are syn. [in the sense of congressus venereus, as is shown by an ex. in the S.]. (S, K.) b2: باشرهُ النَّعِيمُ (tropical:) [Enjoyment attended him; as though it clave to his skin]. (A.) b3: فَبَاشَرُوا رَوْحَ اليَقِينِ, or رُوحَ اليقين, is a metaphorical expression, [app. meaning (tropical:) And they felt the joy and happiness that arise from certainty,] occurring in a trad. of 'Alee. (TA.) b4: باشر الأَمْرَ, (S, A, &c.,) inf. n. مُبَاشَرَةٌ, (S,) (tropical:) He superintended, managed, or conducted, the affair himself, or in his own person: (S, K, TA:) or (tropical:) he was present, himself, at the affair: (A, TA:) or, [properly,] he managed, or conducted, the affair with his بَشَرَة, i. e., his own hand: (Mgh, * Msb:) and hence a later application of the verb in the sense of لَاحَظَ (assumed tropical:) [He regarded, or attended to, the thing, or affair, &c.]. (Msb.) 4 ابشر: see 1, first sentence, in two places. b2: [Hence,] ابشر الأَمْرُ وَجْهَهُ The affair made his countenance beautiful and bright: in the K we read, أَبْشَرَ الأَمْرَ حَسَّنَهُ وَ نَضَّرَهُ; but this is a mistake. (TA.) Agreeably with this explanation, AA renders a reading in the Kur [xlii. 22], ذٰلِكَ الَّذِى يُبْشِرُ اللّٰهُ عِبَادَهُ, meaning That is it with which God will make beautiful and bright the face of his servants: so in the L. (TA.) b3: See also 2. b4: [Hence,] أَبْشَرَتِ النَّاقَةُ (assumed tropical:) The she-camel conceived, or became pregnant: (K:) as though she rejoiced [her owner] by announcing her conception. (TA. [See 2, last sentence.]) b5: And أَبْشَرَتِ الأَرْضُ (tropical:) The earth put forth its herbage appea He demanded ring upon its surface. (S, K.) A2: See also 1, latter part, in four places.5 تَبَشَّرَ see, latter part.6 تباشر القَوْمُ The people, or company of men, announced, one to another, a joyful event, or joyful events. (S.) And هُمْ يَتَبَاشَرُونَ بِذٰلِكَ الأَمْرِ They rejoice one another by the annunciation of that event. (TA.) 10 استبشر: see 1, latter part.

A2: استبشرهُ He demanded of him a reward for an annunciation of joyful tidings. (M.) b2: See also 2.

بُشْرٌ: see بُشْرَى. b2: It is also a contraction of بُشُرٌ, which is pl. of بَشُورٌ (TA) or بَشِيرٌ. (TA in art. نشر.) بِشْرٌ Cheerfulness, or openness and pleasantness, of countenance: (Mgh, Msb, K, * TA:) and happiness, joy, or gladness. (Har p. 192.) You say, هُوَ حَسَنُ البِشْرِ He is cheerful, or open and pleasant, in countenance. (S.) بَشَرٌ: see بَشَرَةٌ b2: [Hence,] البَشَرُ (assumed tropical:) Mankind: (S, Msb, K:) and the human being: (Msb, K:) applied to the male and to the female; and used alike as sing. and pl. (Msb, K, TA) and dual: (TA:) so that you say, هُوَ بَشَرٌ He is a human being, and هِىَ بَشَرٌ She is a human being, and هُمْ بَشَرٌ They (more than two) are human beings, and هُمَا بَشَرٌ They two are human beings: (TA:) but sometimes it has the dual form; (Msb, K;) as in the Kur xxiii. 49; (Msb, TA;) though the Arabs may have used the dual form in the sense of the sing.: (MF:) and sometimes it has a pl., namely, أَبْشَارٌ. (K.) This is a secondary application of the word: (Msb:) i. e., this signification is tropical; or, as some say, the word is so much used in this sense as to be, so used, conventionally regarded as proper; the sense not depending upon its having another word connected with it: but in the S and K, and by the generality of authors, this signification is given as proper. (MF.) Some say that a human being is thus called because his بَشَرَة is bare of hair and of wool. (MF.) [Hence,] أَبُو البَشَرِ [The father of mankind; meaning] Adam. (K.) بَشَرَةٌ (Lth, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb) and ↓ بَشَرٌ, (S, K,) or the latter is pl. of the former, (Msb, K,) [or rather a coll. gen. n., of which the former is the n. un.,] like قَصَبَهُ and قَصَبٌ, (Msb,) and أَبْشَارٌ is pl. of بَشَرٌ, (K,) [The external skin; the cuticle, or scarf-skin; the epidermis;] the exterior of the skin (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) of a human being; (S, A, K;) and, as some say, of other creatures, (K,) such as the serpent; but this is generally disallowed: (TA:) or بَشَرَةٌ signifies the exterior of the skin of the head, in which grows the hair; as also أَدَمَةٌ and شَوَاةٌ: (Aboo-Safwán:) or the upper skin (Lth, M) of the head (M) and of the face and body of a human being; (Lth, M;) that upon which the hair grows: (M:) or, as some say, that which is next the flesh. (M.) It is said in a prov., إِنَّمَا يُعَاتَبُ الأَدِيمُ ذُو البَشَرَةِ: see أَدِيمٌ. b2: بَشَرَةٌ sometimes means The complexion, or hue: and fineness, or delicacy. (TA.) A2: بَشَرَةُ الأَرْضُ (tropical:) The herbage appearing upon the surface of the earth. (S, A, K.) You say, مَا أَحْسَنَ بَشَرَتَهَا (tropical:) How goodly is its herbage appearing upon its surface! (S, A.) And بَشَرَةٌ [alone] signifies (tropical:) Leguminous plants; herbs, or herbage. (TA.) b2: بَشَرَةٌ is used also as signifying (assumed tropical:) A man's hand. (Msb.) [See 3, last sentence.]

بُشْرَى (imperfectly decl., because it terminates with a fem. alif which is inseparable from it, S) and ↓ بِشَارَةٌ and ↓ بُشَارَةٌ [but respecting this last see بِشَارَةٌ below] (S, Msb, K) and ↓ بُشْرٌ (Msb) are substs. from بَشَّرَهُ (S, Msb, K) [originally signifying An annunciation which produces a change in the بَشَرَة (or complexion) of the person to whom it is made: and hence, a joyful annunciation; joyful, or glad, tidings; good news]: and ↓ تَبَاشِيرُ [q. v. infrà] signifies the same as بُشْرَى: (S, K:) ↓ بِشَارَةٌ, when used absolutely, relates only to good; (S, Msb;) not to evil unless when expressly restricted thereto by an adjunct: [see 2:] (S:) its pl. is بِشَارَاتٌ and بَشَائِرُ. (A.) يَا بُشْرَاىَ, in the Kur [xii. 19, accord. to one reading, (otherwise, as Bd mentions, بُشْرَاىْ, or بُشْرَىَّ, which is a dial. var. of the same, or بُشْرَى, which, as some say, was the name of a man,) meaning O my joyful annunciation, or joyful tidings, or good news!], is like عَصَاى: and in the dual you say, يَا بُشْرَيَىَّ. (S.) You say also, ↓ تَتَابَعَتِ البِشَارَاتُ and البَشَائِرُ [The joyful annunciations followed consecutively]. (A.) See another ex. voce بَشِيرٌ. b2: See also بِشَارَةٌ.

بَشَرِىٌّ Human; of, or belonging to, or relating to, mankind or a human being.]

بُشَارٌ (assumed tropical:) The refuse, or lowest or basest or meanest sort, of mankind, or of people. (IAar, K.) بَشُورٌ: see what next follows, in three places.

بَشِيرٌ i. q. ↓ مُبَشِّرٌ, (S, Mgh, K,) [and so ↓ بَشُورٌ, as will be seen by an ex. in what follows,] One who announces to a people [or person] an event, either good or evil; (TA;) but meaning the former oftener than the latter: (Msb:) [an announcer of a joyful event, or joyful events: one who rejoices another, or others, by an annunciation:] pl. بُشَرَآءُ (A) and بُشُرٌ, (TA in art. نشر,) or this is pl. of ↓ بَشُورٌ. (TA in the present art.) It is said in the Kur [vii. 55], وَ هُوَ الَّذِى يُرْسِلُ الرِّيَاحَ بُشُرًا, and بُشْرًا, and ↓ بُشْرَى, and بَشْرًا; [accord. to different readings, meaning (assumed tropical:) And He it is who sendeth the winds announcing coming rain;] in which بُشُرٌ is pl. of ↓ بَشُورٌ, [syn. with بَشِيرٌ and مُبَشِّرٌ, but both masc. and fem.,] (TA,) or of بَشِيرٌ, (Bd,) or of بَشِيرَةٌ; (TA in art. نشر;) and بُشْرًا is a contraction of the same; and بُشْرَى is syn. with بِشَارَةٌ; and بَشْرًا is the inf. n. of بَشَرَهُ in the sense of بَشَّرَهُ (TA. [But the reading commonly followed in this passage is نُشُرًا, with ن: another reading is نُشْرًا: another, نَشْرًا: and another, نَشَرًا.]) And ↓ المُبَشِّرَاتُ, (A,) or مُبَشِّرَاتُ الرِّيَاحِ, (S,) signifies (tropical:) Winds that announce [coming] rain: (S, A:) so in the Kur xxx. 45. (TA.) A2: Also Goodly; beautiful; elegant in form or features; (S, K;) applied to a man, and to a face: (TA:) fem. with ة; (S, K;) applied to a woman, and to a she-camel; (S;) and meaning, when applied to a she-camel, neither emaciated nor fat: or, accord. to Aboo-Hilál, neither of generous nor of ignoble breed: or, as some say, half-fattened: (TA:) pl. of the fem. بَشَائِرُ: (S:) and ↓ مَبْشُورَةٌ signifies beautiful in make and colour; (IAar, K;) applied to a girl. (IAar.) بَشَارَةٌ Goodliness; beauty; elegance of form or features. (S, K, TA.) بُشَارَةٌ What is pared off from the face of a hide: what is pared off from its back is called تِحْلِئٌ. (Lh.) A2: See also بِشَارَةٌ: b2: and see بُشْرَى.

بِشَارَةٌ; pl. بِشَارَاتٌ and بَشَائِرُ: see بُشْرَى, in three places; and see also تَبَاشِيرُ. b2: Also A gift to him who announces a joyful event; and so ↓ بُشَارَةٌ: (K, * TA:) or the latter, which is like the عُمَالَة of the عَامِل, has this signification; (IAth;) and so ↓ بُشْرَى; (M;) and بِشَارَةٌ [has the same meaning accord. to common usage, but, properly,] is a subst. in the sense explained above, voce بُشْرَى. (IAth.) You say, أَعْطَيْتُهُ ثَوْبِى بِشَارَةً I gave him my garment as a reward for the joyful annunciation. (TA from a trad.) هُوَ أَبْشَرُ مِنْهُ He is more goodly or beautiful, more elegant in form or features, and more fat, than he. (K.) تُبُشِّرٌ, in the hand writing of J تُبَشِّرٌ, [and so in my copies of the S,] a word of which there is not the like except in the instances of تُنُوِّطٌ [or تُنَوِّطٌ], a certain bird, and وَادِى تُهُلِّكَ [or تُهَلِّكَ?] and وَادِى

تُضُلِّلَ [or تُضَلِّلَ] and وَادِى تُخُيِّبَ [or تُخَيِّبَ], (TA,) A certain bird, called the صُفَارِيَّة: (S, K:) n. un. with ة. (K.) تَبَاشِيرُ, as though it were pl. of تَبْشِيرٌ, inf. n. of بَشَّرَ; (A;) a word which has not its like except in the instances of تَعَاشِيبُ and تَعَاجِيبُ and تَفَاطِيرُ [and تَبَاكِيرُ and تَبَارِيحُ, and probably a few others]; (TA;) (tropical:) [Annunciations; foretokens; foretellers; foreshowers; prognostics; earnests; of what is good:] the beginnings of anything: (S, K:) the first of blossoms &c.: (TA:) the beginnings, (S, K,) or first annunciations, (A,) of daybreak; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ بَشَائِرُ: (TA:) it has no verb: (S:) and [is said to have] no sing.: but in a trad. of El-Hajjáj, تَبْشِيرٌ occurs as meaning (assumed tropical:) the commencement of rain. (TA.) One says, فِيهِ مَخَايِلُ الرُّشْدِ وَ تَبَاشِيرُهُ (tropical:) [In him are indications of right conduct, or belief, and its earnests]. (A.) See also بُشْرَى. b2: (assumed tropical:) Streaks of the light of daybreak in the night. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Streaks that are seen upon the surface of the ground, caused by the winds. (Lth, K. *) b4: (assumed tropical:) The colours of palm-trees when their fruit begins to ripen; (K;) as also تَبَاكِيرُ. (TA.) b5: (assumed tropical:) Such as bear fruit early, or before others, of palm-trees. (K.) b6: (assumed tropical:) Marks of galls upon the side of a beast. (K.) رَجُلٌ مُؤْدَمٌ مُبْشَرٌ (tropical:) A perfect man; as though he combined the softness of the أَدَمَة [or inner skin] with the roughness of the بَشَرَة [or outer skin]: (S:) or a man who combines softness, or gentleness, and strength, with knowledge of affairs: (As:) and اِمْرَأَةٌ مُؤْدَمَةٌ مُبْشَرَةٌ (tropical:) a woman perfect in every respect. (TA.) [See also art. ادم.]

مُبَشِّرٌ and مُبَشِّرَاتٌ: see بَشِيرٌ.

مَبْشُورَةٌ: see بَشِيرٌ, last sentence.

حِجْرٌمُبَاشِرٌ [so in two copies of the S: in Golius's Lex. مُبَاشِرَةٌ:] A mare [so I render حجر, which Golius renders ‘ vulva, '] desiring the stallion. (S.) [See also مُبَاسِرَةٌ, with س.]