بهت

1 بُهِتَ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) the most chaste form of the verb in the sense here following, (S, TA,) and that which most commonly obtains, and the only form allowed by Th and IKt; (TA;) and بَهِتَ, (S, L, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K;) and بَهُتَ, (S, L, Msb, K,) in which the dammeh is said to give intensiveness to the signification, as in قَضُوَ الرَّجُلُ, (TA,) aor. ـُ (Msb, K;) and بَهَتَ, aor. ـُ (K) and بَهَتَ; (TA;) inf. n. بَهْتٌ; (JK, K;) He was, or became, confounded, perplexed, or amazed, and unable to see his right course; (JK, S, Msb, K;) not knowing what to prefer nor what to postpone: (TA in art. اشر:) he looked at a thing that he saw with a look of wonder: (A, TA:) he was, or became, affected with wonder: (JK:) he was, or became, cut short, (انْقَطَعَ, K, TA,) and was silent, being confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course: (TA:) he (an adversary in a dispute or litigation) was overcome by an argument, an allegation, or a plea. (L.) All these forms occur in different readings of the saying in the Kur [ii. 260], فَبُهِتَ الَّذِى كَفَرَ and فَبَهِتَ &c., (IJ, TA,) explained in the Wá'ee as meaning, And he who disbelieved remained in confusion, or perplexity, not seeing his right course, looking as one in wonder: (Lb, TA:) but accord. to him who reads فَبَهَتَ, the word الذى may hold the place of a noun in the accus. case [as will be seen from what follows]. (IJ, TA.) A2: بَهَتَهُ, aor. ـَ (S, Msb,) inf. n. بَهْتٌ, (S, K,) He, or it, caused him to become confounded, perplexed, or amazed, not seeing his right course: (Zj, Msb: [Golius, on the authority of Ibn-Maaroof, assigns this meaning to ↓ بهّتهُ:]) or took him unawares, or by surprise, or unexpectedly, or suddenly. (S, K.) Zj cites as an ex. of the former meaning the saying in the Kur [xxi. 41], تَأْتِيهِمْ بَغْتَةً فَتَبْهَتُهُمْ, i. e., It shall come upon them suddenly, or unawares, and cause them to become confounded, &c.: (TA: and so Bd and Jel explain it:) or, and shall overcome them: (Bd:) J cites the same as an ex. of the latter of the two meanings in the preceding sentence; but his doing so requires consideration; for the meaning which he gives is taken from the word بغتة; not from البَهْتُ. (MF, TA.) [But it is said also that] مُبَاهَتَةٌ [inf. n. of ↓ باهتهُ] signifies The taking, or coming upon, [one] unawares, by surprise, or unexpectedly. (JK.) b2: بَهَتَهُ, aor. ـَ (S, A, K, &c.,) inf. n. بَهْتٌ and بَهَتٌ and بُهْتَانٌ, (S, K,) or the last is a simple subst., (Msb,) He calumniated him; slandered him; accused him falsely; said against him that which he had not done: (S, A, K:) [or he did so in such a manner as to make one to be confounded, or perplexed, or amazed, at the falsity of the charge, and not to see his right course: (see بُهْتَانٌ, below:)] he lied against him; forged a lie, or lies, against him; and i. q. قَابَلَهُ بِالكَذِبِ [he accused him to his face falsely, or with falsehood]; (TA;) البَهْتُ signifies اِسْتِقْبَالُكَ أَخَاكَ بِمَا لَيْسَ فِيهِ [thy accusing thy brother, or fellow, to his face, of that which is not in him]: (JK:) and بَهَتَهَا, aor. ـَ inf. n. بَهْتٌ, he accused her falsely of adultery; and forged a lie against her. (Msb.) [See also اِغْتَابَهُ.] In the saying of Abu-n-Nejm, سُبِّى الحَمَاةَ وَابْهَتِى عَلَيْهَا [Revile thou the mother-in-law, and calumniate her, or forge lies against her], على is [said by J to be] redundant, or pleonastic; for one does not say, بَعَتَ عَلَيْهِ, but only بَهَتَهُ. (S.) Upon this, F says, in the K, that فَابْهَتِى عليها [thus in the K] is a mistake; that J is in error, and that the right reading is فَانْهَتِى عليها, with ن: but this assertion made by F depends upon the authority of relaters of the verse in which the word in question occurs. (MF.) IB says that ابهتى may be here rendered trans. by means of على because it is syn. with اِفْتَرِى, which is so rendered trans., in like manner as is done in other instances, of which he gives an ex. from the Kur [xxiv. 63], يُخَالِفُونَ عَنْ أَمْرِهِ, meaning يَخْرُجُونَ عن امره: he adds that, accord. to J, عن in this ex. should be considered redundant; but that عن and على are not used redundantly like ب. (TA.) b3: بَهَتَ الفَحْلَ عَنِ النَّاقَةِ He removed the stallion from the she-camel in order that a stallion of more generous race might cover her. (TA.) 2 بَهَّتَ see 1.3 باهتهُ, inf. n. مُبَاهَتَةٌ: see 1. b2: [Also He engaged with him in mutual calumny, slander, or false accusation: a meaning indicated, but not expressed, in the A.] You say, بَيْنَهُمَا مُبَاهَتَةٌ [Between them two is mutual calumniation, &c.]: and عَادَتُهُ أَنْ يُبَاحِثَ وَيُبَاهِتَ [His custom is to engage with another in mutual scrutiny of secrets, or faults, or the like, and in mutual calumniation, &c.]: and وَلَا تَمَاقَتُوا ↓ لَا تَبَاهَتُوا [Calumniate ye not one another, &c., nor hate ye one another on account of any foul, or evil, affair]. (A.) b3: And He confounded, perplexed, or amazed, him (namely, his hearer,) by what he forged against him. (TA.) 6 تَبَاْهَتَ see 3.

بَهْتٌ: see بُهْتَانٌ.

A2: A certain well-known kind of stone. (K.) بُهْتٌ: see بُهْتَانٌ, in two places.

A2: A certain sidereal computation, or calculation; being [that of] the direct course of stars in a day: [in Persian, a planet's motion in any given time: (Johnson's Pers\. Arab. and Engl. Dict.:)] thought by Az to be not Arabic. (TA.) بُهْتَانٌ and ↓ بَهِيتَةٌ signify the same [when the former is used as a subst.; i. e. A calumny, slander, or false accusation]: (S, A, Msb: [see 1:]) or both signify, the former as explained by Aboo-Is-hák, and the latter as explained in the K, a falsehood by reason of which one is confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; (TA; [in which it seems to be indicated that ↓ بُهْتٌ signifies the same;]) from البَهْتُ as meaning “ the being confounded ” &c.: (Aboo-Is-hák, TA:) the former is a subst. signifying [also] a false accusation of adultery against a woman; and a forgery of a lie against her: (Msb:) and ↓ the latter, [and the former also, simply,] a lying, or lie, or falsehood; (K;) and so ↓ بُهْتٌ (K) and ↓ بَهْتٌ. (TA.) بُهْتَانًا وَإِثْمًا مُبِينًا, in the Kur iv. 24, is said to mean Falsely accusing of adultery, and acting in a manifestly sinful or criminal manner: (Bd:) or it means acting wrongfully &c. (Bd, Jel.) You say, ↓ رَمَاهُ بِالبَهِيتَةِ [He accused him with, or of, calumny, &c.]. (A.) And ↓ يَا للْبَهِيتَةِ, with kesr to the [prep.] ل, [i. e., O, come to my aid, or succour, on account of the calumny! &c.; for it is] a phrase used in calling for aid, or succour. (S.) [And if you would express wonder, you say, ↓ يَا َللْبَهِيتَةِ, with fet-h to the prep. ل, i. e. O the calumny! &c.]

بَهُوتٌ [A great, or frequent, calumniator, slanderer, or false-accuser; as also ↓ بَهَّاتٌ, mentioned in the S only as an epithet applied to him who calumniates, slanders, or accusely falsely;] an intensive epithet from البَهْتُ; (IAth;) [i. e.] an intensive form of the act. part. n. from البُهْتَان [inf. n. of بَهَتَهُ]: (Mgh:) or i. q. ↓ مُبَاهِتٌ; (K;) i. e., one who confounds, or perplexes, or amazes, the hearer, by what he forges against him: (TA:) and one who falsely accuses a woman of adultery, and forges a lie against her: (Msb:) pl. بُهُتٌ (IAth, Mgh, Msb, K) and بُهْتٌ, and, accord. to the K, also بُهُوتٌ; but ISd and MF hold it to be pl. of بَاهِتٌ, not of بَهُوتٌ; the former observing, that a word of the measure فَاعِلٌ is one of those which have a pl. of the measure فُعُولٌ, but not so one of the measure فَعُولٌ; and that, as to the saying of A'Obeyd, that عُذُوبٌ is pl. of عَذُوبٌ, it is a mistake; for it is only pl. of عَاذِبٌ, and the pl. of عَذُوبٌ is عُذُبٌ. (TA. [But see art. عذب.]) بَهِيتٌ, see مَبْهُوتٌ, in two places.

بَهِيتَةٌ: see بُهْتَانٌ, in five places.

بَهَّاتٌ: see بَهُوتٌ: A2: and see مَبْهُوتٌ.

بَاهِتٌ: see مَبْهُوتٌ, in two places.

A2: Also act. part. n. [of بَهَتَهُ; signifying Causing to become confounded, &c.: and calumniating, &c.:] from البُهْتَانُ: (Mgh:) بُهُوتٌ, as mentioned above, is held by ISd and MF to be a pl. of this word; not of بَهُوتٌ, q. v. (TA.) مَبْهُوتٌ Confounded, perplexed, or amazed, and unable to see his right course: (S, K:) [other (similar) meanings may be seen from explanations of بُهِتَ:] accord. to Ks and the S and Sgh and the K, one should not say ↓ بَاهِتٌ nor ↓ بَهِيتٌ; but there is no reason in analogy why he who says بَهَتَ, like نَصَرَ and مَنَعَ, should not say thus: (TA:) Lb says, in the Expos. of the Fs, that they said ↓ بَاهِتٌ and ↓ بَهَّاتٌ [which latter is an intensive form] and ↓ بَهِيتٌ, which [last] may be considered as having the meaning of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, like مَبْهُوتٌ, or that of the measure فَاعِلٌ, like بَاهِتٌ; but the former is the more agreeable with analogy, and the more probable. (MF, TA) b2: Also Calumniated, slandered, or falsely accused. (S.) مُبَاهِتٌ: see بَهُوتٌ.

هوي
: (ي (} الهَواءُ) ، بالمدِّ: (الجَوُّ) مَا بينَ السَّماءِ والأرْضِ؛ وأَنْشَدَ القالِي:
ويلمها من {هواءِ الجوِّ طالبة

بره

1 بَرِهَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. بَرَهٌ, or, as in some copies of the K, بَرَهَانٌ, (TA, [and so I find in an excellent copy of the K, but in the CK بُرْهَان,]) His body returned to a healthy state, or his health of body returned to him, or his bodily condition became good, after having been altered by disease. (IAar, K. *) [The ه is perhaps a substitute for ء: see بَرِئَ.] b2: And He was, or became, white in person, or body and members. (K.) b3: See also بَرَهٌ, below.4 ابره He adduced the evidence or proof: (Msb, K:) but as to ↓ بَرْهَنَ, meaning he manifested the evidence or proof, it is said, on the authority of IAar, to be post-classical; the former being the correct word: (AA, T, Z, Msb, TA:) or the former signifies he adduced, or uttered, or did, wonderful things, and overcame men. (K.) Q. Q., or, as some say, Q., 1. بَرْهَنَ: see 4; and see art. برهن.

بَرَهٌ [perhaps an inf. n., of which the verb is ↓ بَرِهَ,] Softness, thinness of skin, and plumpness, (K, TA,) of a woman; as also ↓ بَرَهْرَهَةٌ. (TA.) بَرْهَةٌ: see what next follows.

بُرْهَةٌ and ↓ بَرْهَةٌ A long space or period of time: (JK, S:) or a long time: (ISk, K:) or they have a more general sense; (K;) i. e. a space, or period, of time: pl. of the former بُرَهٌ and بُرْهَاتٌ and بُرَهَاتٌ and بُرَهَاتٌ. (Msb.) You say, أَتَتْ عَلَيْهِ بُرْهَةٌ مِنَ الدَّهْرِ and بَرْهَةٌ [A long space or period of time, or merely a space or period of time, passed over him]. (S.) بُرْهَانٌ: see art. برهن.

بَرَهْرَهَةٌ A white (IAar, JK, Msb) girl (IAar, Msb) or female: (JK:) or a woman (S, K,) white and youthful: or soft, or tender: (K:) or that quivers, (K,) or almost quivers, (S,) from sappiness, softness, or tenderness: (S,* K:) or that shines, or glistens, by reason of her clearness [of complexion]: or thin-skinned; appearing as though water were running upon her, by reason of her softness, or tenderness: (TA:) of the measure فَعَلْعَلَةٌ, (S, TA,) from بَرَهٌ: (TA:) dim.

↓ بُرَيْهَةٌ (JK, TA) and ↓ بُرَيْرِهَةٌ, (JK,) or ↓ بُرَيْرِيهَةٌ; but ↓ بُرَيْهِرَهَةٌ is bad, and seldom used. (TA.) Imra-el-Keys says, بَرَهْرَهَةٌ رُؤَدَةً رَخْصَةٌ كَخُرْعُويَةِ البَانَةِ المُنْفَطِرْ [White, or white and youthful, &c., soft, or beautiful, tender, like the shoot of the ben-tree breaking forth with leaves: the last word being made masc. by poetic license, for the sake of the metre.]. (S.) b2: [Hence, app.,] it is said to signify also A white knife, of clear, pure, or bright, iron. (TA.) A2: See also بَرَهٌ.

بُرَيْهَةٌ and بُرَيْهِرَهَةٌ: see بَرَهْرَهَةٌ.

بُرَيْرِهَةٌ, or بُرَيْرِيهَةٌ: see بَرَهْرَهَةٌ.

أَبْرَهُ [app.] Having the body in a healthy state, or in good condition, after disease: and white in person, or body and members: [but whether it have both these significations, or only the latter of them, is not clear:] fem. بَرْهَآءُ. (K.)

هيت

2 هيّت بِهِ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَهْيِيتٌ, (TA,) as also هوّت, (S,) He cried out to him, and called him, (S, K,) saying, هَيْتَ هَيْتَ; or saying يَاهْ يَاهْ, which is a cry by which a pastor calls his companion from afar; or, accord. to Az, saying يَا هَيَا [or rather يَاهَيَاهْ: see art. يه]. (TA.) 3 هَات Give me: (K:) هَاتِ يَا رَجُلُ Give me, O man: (T, S, M:) i. q. أَعْطِنِى: (T, S, M, K:) to two men, هَاتِيَا: to a plurality of men, هَاتُوا: to a woman, هَاتِى: to two women, هَاتِيَا: to a plurality of women, هَاتِينَ: you say هَاتِ لا هَاتَيْتَ [Give me: mayest thou not give (hereafter)! an imprecation, of the like of which there are many examples]; and هَاتِ إِنْ كَانَتْ بِكَ مُهَاتَاةٌ [Give me, if there be in thee (a disposition for) giving]; and مَا أُهاتِيكَ [I do not give thee], like as you say, مَا أُعَاطِيكَ; but you do not say هَاتَيْتُ; nor do you use this verb in a prohibitive manner: [it is used neither affirmatively nor prohibitively:] accord. to Kh, هَاتِ is from اتَى, aor. ـت the ا being changed into ه. (S.) [But اتَى is of the measure أَفْعَلَ; and هَاتِ is the imp. from the measure فَاعَلَ. See also art. هتى, where it is mentioned again in the S and K.]

هَيْتَ an exclamation denoting wonder: the Arabs say, هَيْتَ لِلْحِلْمِ [What forbearing mildness, or clemency!] (L.) b2: هَيْتَ لَكَ, (Akh, S, K, &c.,) and هَيْتِ لك, (Akh, K,) and هَيْتَ لك, (Akh, IB, K,) and the first letter is sometimes with kesreh; (K;) as is related on the authority of 'Alee, (TA,) [so that you say هِيتَ and هِيتِ and هِيتُ, the first of which three forms is mentioned by Fr, Akh, IB, and the third by Fr, IB; but for the second I find no other authority than that implied above;] of all which, the most common is هَيْتَ لك, with fet-hah to the ه and ت: (Zj:) هَيْتَ is of the dial. of Howrán, whence it became introduced into Mekkeh; and هِيتَ, of the dial. of El-Medeeneh: (Fr:) [imper. verbal ns.] i. q. هَلُمَّ, Come! (Akh, S, L, K,) or تَعَالَ the same, (Fr, Ks,) or أَقْبِلْ, the same, or Come forward! (L.) It occurs in the Kur, xii. 23; where it is commonly read هَيْتَ لَكَ; (Zj;) but 'Alee and Ibn-'Abbás are said to have read هِئْتُ لَكَ, with hemzeh. [See art. هيأ.] (TA.) هَيْتَ is itself invariable whether used to denote the sing. or pl. or fem. or masc.; but the difference of number is observed in what follows it; for you say هَيْتَ لَكُمَا [Come ye two!] and هَيْتَ لَكُنَّ [Come ye women! &c.]: (S:) you also say simply هَيْتَ [Come!] and this is also said to signify Hasten! and Set forth journeying through the land, or earth. (TA.) Authorities differ respecting this word; whether it be Arabic or arabicized; and whether it be a noun or a verb; &c. Accord. to Az, as related by Az, هيت لك is arabicized in the Kur, from the Hebrew هيتا كخ [app. a mistake for هيتا كخ, which I suppose to be meant for ??

“ Now, come! ” occurring in Gen. xxxi. 44]. (TA.) هَيْتَ هَيْتَ: see 2.

هِيتٌ A low, or depressed, piece of ground: (K:) a piece of ground having a low, or depressed, bottom: (TA:) i. q. هُوَّةٌ and هُوتَةُ. (IAar.) هِيتَاءٌ, and هِيتَاه: see art. هوت.

هَيَّاتٌ [Clamorous; calling out often, or much]. (S.)

زهو

1 زَهَا, said of seed-produce, It increased, or augmented; received increase and blessing from God; or throve by the blessing of God: (JK, TA:) [or,] said of herbage, aor. ـْ inf. n. زَهْوٌ, it attained its full growth: (Msb:) or it put forth its fruit: or it became tall: (TA:) and, said of palm-trees, (نَخْلٌ, S, Msb, K, TA,) and likewise of plants, (TA,) aor. as above, (Msb, TA,) and so the inf. n., (S, Msb, TA,) they became tall; (K, TA;) became tall and fullgrown; or became of their full height, and blossomed; (TA;) and ↓ ازهى signifies the same: (K:) or both signify they (i. e. palm-trees) showed redness, and yellowness, in their fruit; (S, Msb;) the latter verb mentioned by Az, but [it is said that] As did not know it: (S: [see, however, what follows:]) or, as some say, the former signifies they put forth their fruit; and ↓ the latter, as expl. next before: (Msb:) accord. to Abu-lKhattáb and Lth, one says of palm-trees (نَخْل) only يُزْهِى; not يَزْهُو: and As [is related to have] said, [contr. to what has been asserted of him above,] that when redness appears in [the fruit of] palm-trees, one says ازهى. (TA.) And زَهَا التَّمْرُ, (JK,) or البُسْرُ; and ↓ ازهى; (Mgh, K;) and ↓ زهّى, (K,) inf. n. تَزْهِيَةٌ; (TA;) [The dates, or dates beginning to ripen,] showed their goodness by redness, and yellowness: (JK:) became red, and yellow: (Mgh:) became coloured. (K.) Hence the trad., نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ ثَمَرِ النَّخْلِ حَتَّى يَزْهُوَ, or ↓ يُزْهِىَ, [He forbade the selling of the fruit of the palm-trees until its becoming red or yellow], thus differently related. (Mgh.) b2: You say also, زَهَا الغُلَامُ, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) The boy grew up; or attained to youthful vigour, or the prime of manhood. (K.) b3: And زَهَتِ الشَّاةُ, (JK, S, K,) aor. as above, (S,) and so the inf. n., (JK, S,) The ewe, or she-goat, became large in her udder: (JK:) or secreted milk in her udder, and was near to bringing forth. (Az, S, K. *) b4: And زَهَتِ الرِّيحُ The wind rose, blew, or became in a state of commotion. (S.) b5: and زَهَتِ الإِبِلُ, (JK, S, M, K,) aor. as above, (JK, M,) and so the inf. n., (S, M,) The camels journeyed, after coming to water, (JK, S, M, K,) a night or more, (JK, S, M,) so says A'Obeyd, (S,) or a night or two nights. (K.) And The camels passed along, (مَرَّت,) so in the copies of the K, but correctly مَدَّت [i. e. made much advance in journeying], as in the M, (TA,) in search of pasturage, after they had drunk, (K, TA,) not pasturing around the water. (TA.) The verb used in relation to camels is also trans., as will be shown below. (S, &c.) A2: زَهْوٌ [as inf. n. of the trans. v. زَهَا, aor. ـْ primarily signifies The act of raising, or elevating: and the act of shaking; or putting in motion, or into a state of commotion: whence زَهَاهُ السَّرَابُ and زَهَتِ الرِّيحُ النَّبَاتَ [both expl. in what follows]. (Har p. 171.) You say, زَهَتِ الأَمْوَاجُ السَّفِينَةَ The waves raised the ship. (TA.) And زَهَا السَّرَابُ الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـْ The mirage raised, or elevated, [to the eye,] the thing [seen in it or beyond it; or rather, made it to appear tall, and as though quivering, vibrating, or playing up and down; as is perhaps meant to be indicated by the citation above from Har]; syn. رَفَعَهُ; written only [thus] with ا [in the pret. and in the aor. ]: (S:) and السَّرَابُ يَزْهَى القُبُورَ وَالحُمُولَ The mirage is as though it raised the tombs and the women's camel-vehicles; or elevated them; expl. by the words كَأَنَّهُ يَرْفَعُهَا. (TA.) b2: And زَهَا المِرْوَحَةَ, said of a person fanning, He put in motion the fan; or put it into a state of commotion; as also ↓ زَهَّاهَا. (TA.) And زَهَتِ الرِيحُ الشَّجَرَ, (S,) or النَّبَاتَ, (K, * TA,) aor. ـْ (S, TA,) inf. n. زَهْوٌ, (K, TA,) The wind shook, or put in motion or into a state of commotion, (S, K, * TA,) the trees, (S,) or the plants, or herbage, after the dew or rain (غِبَّ النَّدَى). (K, TA.) b3: And زَهَاهُ, (S, TA,) inf. n. زَهْوٌ; (K, TA;) and ↓ ازدهاهُ, (S, TA,) inf. n. اِزْدِهَآءٌ; (K, TA;) [not ازهاهُ, as in the TK, followed by Freytag;] i. q. اِسْتَخَفَّهُ: (S, K, * TA:) and تَهَاوَنَ بِهِ: (S:) [the former of these two explanations as meaning He, or it, incited him, or excited him, to briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness; or to lightness, levity, or unsteadiness: and the latter of them, or both of them, for the former is often syn. with the latter, as meaning he held him, or it, in little, or light, estimation or account, or in contempt; he contemned, or despised, him, or it: but of this latter meaning I do not remember to have met with any ex.:] and بِهِ ↓ ازدهى signifies the same as ازدهاه (TA) meaning تَهَاوَنَ بِهِ. (JK.) Yousay, زَهَاهُ الشَّىْءُ and ↓ ازدهاهُ, meaning [agreeably with the former of the two explanations in the sentence immediately preceding] اِسْتَخَفَّهُ طَرَبًا: (Har p. 359:) and ↓ يَزْدَهِينِى as meaning [agreeably with the same explanation] يَسْتَفِزُّنِى and يَسْتَخِفُّنِى: (Id. p. 131:) and القَوْمَ ↓ ازدهى as meaning [in like manner] اِسْتَخَفَّهُمْ مِنَ الطَّرَبِ; and also as meaning He pleased the people, or party: (Id. p. 427:) and ↓ اِزْدَهَاهُ also as meaning حَمَلَهُ عَلَى الزَّهْوِ [He incited him, or excited him, to pride, or conceit, or the like]: (Id. p. 131:) and زَهَاهُ الكِبْرُ (K) Pride rendered him self-conceited. (TK.) 'Omar Ibn-'Abee-Rabeea says, وَلَمَّا تَقَاوَضْنَا الحَدِيثَ وَأَسْفَرَتْ وُجُوهٌ زَهَاهَا الحُسْنُ أَنْ تَتَقَنَّعَا meaning And when we discoursed together, and faces shone, beauty excited the possessors of them to levity (اِسْتَخَفَّ أَرْبَابَهَا) and prevented their veiling them with the قِنَاع [or head-covering], by reason of self-admiration: or, as some say, the ها in زهاها refers to a woman mentioned before, not to وجوه; and the meaning is, beauty excited her &c.: and thus the women of the Arabs used to do when they were beautiful: or you may consider the complement of لَمَّا as suppressed; as though he said, when we did all that, we behaved with mutual familiarity, or the like; for the complements of لَوْ and لَمَّا and حِينَ may be suppressed, and their vagueness by reason of their suppression is more forcible in respect of the meaning: أَنْ تَتَقَنَّعَا means مِنْ أَنْ تَتَقَنَّعَا; for they often suppress the preposition with أَنْ: (Ham pp. 552-3:) [J gives two readings of this verse, accord to one of my copies of the S: one is with تَنَازَعَا in the place of تَقَاوَضْنَا, and أَشْرَقَتْ in the place of أَسْفَرَتْ; which make no difference in the meaning: but this is omitted in my other copy: the other is as follows:] فَلَمَّا تَوَافَقْنَا سَلَّمْتُ أَقْبَلَتْ وُجُوهٌ زَهَاهَا الحُسْنُ أَنْ تَتَقَنَّعَا [And when we agreed together, and I saluted, faces advanced, which beauty excited &c, or the possessors of which beauty excited &c.]. (S.) And hence their saying, بِخَدِيعَةٍ ↓ فُلَانٌ لَا يُزْدَهَى

[Such a one will not be incited, or excited, to briskness, &c., by means of deceit, or guile]. (S.) And الفَرَحُ ↓ ازدهاهُ, meaning اِسْتَخَفَّهُ [Joy incited him, &c.]. (MA.) [And hence, perhaps, may be derived most of the following significations.]

b4: زَهَا الطَّلُّ النَوْرَ The طلّ [or fine drizzling rain] made the flowers, or blossoms, to increase in beauty of aspect. (TA.) b5: زَهَا السِّرَاجَ, (K,) aor. ـو [perhaps a mistranscription for يَزْهَاهُ], inf. n. زَهْوٌ, (TA,) He made the سراج [or lamp, or lighted wick,] to give a bright light. (K.) b6: زَهَوْتُ الإِبِلَ I made the camels to journey, after coming to water, (A 'Obeyd, JK, S, K,) a night or more, (A 'Obeyd, JK, S,) or a night or two nights. (K.) Thus the verb in relation to camels is trans. as well as intrans. (S.) b7: زَهَا بِالسَّيْفُ He made a sign with the sword by waving it, or brandishing it. (K, TA.) b8: زَهَا بِالعَصَا He struck with the staff, or stick. (K.) b9: زَهَا بِمِائَةِ رِطْلٍ He computed, or computed by conjecture, [to be of the weight of] a hundred pounds. (K.) You say, زَهَاهُ بِمِائَةِ رِطْلٍ meaning خرزه [a mistake for حَزَرَهُ i. e. He computed it, &c., to be of the weight of a hundred pounds]. (TK. In the TA, زها فلان بمائة رطل, [الشَّىْءَ or the like being omitted by an oversight,] aor. ـْ [which indicates an omission after فلان].) And زَهَوْتُ القَوْمَ I computed, or computed by conjecture, the number of the people, or party. (JK.) A3: زُهِىَ, (JK, S, K,) like عُنِىَ; (S, K;) and زَهَا, (IDrd, S, K,) like دَعَا, but this is rare, (K,) and was dissallowed by As in the sense of زُهِىَ, (TA in art. نخو,) aor. ـْ inf. n. زَهْوٌ; (IDrd, S;) and ↓ أَزْهَى; (K;) said of a man, (JK, S,) He behaved proudly, haughtily, or insolently; (S, K, * TA;) he was proud, vain, and boastful; (K;) or was pleased with himself, or self-conceited: (JK:) ازدهى [i. e. ↓ اُزْدُهِىَ], in like manner, means تَكَبَّرَ: (Har p. 264: [but this more properly signifies, as shown above by an explanation of اِزْدَهَاهُ, he was incited, or excited, to lightness, levity, or unsteadiness:]) the first of these verbs [may be originally pass. of زَهَا in the phrase زَهَاهُ الكِبْرُ, mentioned before, but, as J says,] is one of a class of verbs used in the pass. form though having the sense of the act. form: in using it imperatively, you say, لِتُزْهَ يَا رَجُلُ [Behave thou proudly, &c., O man; see art. ت]; and like this is the aor. [used as an imperative] of every verb of which the agent is not named; for when it is reduced to its essential import, you thereby command something, other than the person whom you address, to affect, or befall, that person; and the third person of the [aor. used as an] imperative is never without ل, as when you say, لِيَقُمْ زَيْدٌ: (S, TA:) J also says, (TA,) I said to an Arab of the desert, of [the tribe of] Benoo-Suleym, What is the meaning of زُهِىَ الرَّجُلُ? and he answered, The man was pleased with himself, or self-conceited: I said, Dost thou say, زَهَا as meaning اِفْتَخَرَ [He gloried, or boasted, &c.]? and he answered, As for us, we do not say it. (S, TA.) One says also, زُهِىَ فُلَانٌ بِكَذَا i. e. نُخِىَ [Such a one gloried, or boasted, and magnified himself, or behaved proudly, by reason of such a thing]; as though meaning زَهَاهُ الإِعْجَابُ بِنَفْسِهِ [i. e. self-conceit elevated him by reason of such a thing]. (Har p. 171.) b2: and one says, زُهِىَ الشَّىْءُ بِعَيْنَيْكَ or لِعَيْنَيْكَ The thing was beautiful in aspect in, or to, thine eyes. (S, accord. to different copies. [The meaning is there shown by what immediately precedes. In three copies of the S, I find the verb in this phrase thus written, زُهِىَ; and only in the PS, زها, for زَهَا, which is the form given by Golius: Freytag writes the phrase زَهَى الشى بعينك.]) 2 زَهَّوَ see 1, in two places, in the former half of the paragraph.4 أَزْهَوَ see 1, in four places, in the first three sentences: b2: and again, in one place, in the last quarter of the same paragraph.

A2: مَا أَزْهَاهُ [meaning How proud, vain, boastful, or selfconceited, is he!] is from زَهَا as syn. with زُهِىَ; not from the latter of these two verbs, because the verb of wonder is not formed from a verb of which the agent is not named. (S.) 8 اِزْدَهَى [originally اِزْتَهَى]: see 1, as a trans. verb, in eight places. And اُزْدُهِىَ: see 1, in the last quarter of the paragraph.

زَهْوٌ [is the inf. n. of زَهَا (q. v.): and also has the significations here following. b2: ] Pride [as implying self-elevation]: (JK, S, K:) vanity, or vain behaviour: (K:) boasting, or glorying: (S, K:) and wrongdoing, injustice, injuriousness, or tyranny. (TA.) b3: A false, or vain, saying; syn. بَاطِلٌ; (S, K, and Ham p. 24;) a lie, or falsehood; (JK, S, K, and Ham * ubi suprà;) or an exaggeration in speech. (Ham ubi suprà.) You say, قَالَ زَهْوًا [He said a false, or vain, saying, &c.]. (Ham ubi suprà.) b4: A beautiful aspect. (S, K.) b5: The blossoms, or flowers, of a plant. (Lth, K.) b6: The brightness of a plant (K, TA) by its becoming red or yellow; (TA;) as also ↓ زُهُوٌّ, (K, TA,) like عُلُوٌّ, (TA,) [in the CK كالزَّهْوِ is here put in the place of كَالزُّهُوِّ,] and ↓ زَهَآءٌ, (K, TA,) like سَحَابٌ, as the unrestricted mention of it requires, but in some of the copies of the K with damm [i. e. زُهَآءٌ]. (TA.) b7: Also, [or نَبَاتٌ زَهْوٌ, as in the TK,] A plant beautiful and bright, (K,) or fresh. (TA.) b8: And Dates beginning to ripen (بُسْرٌ) that are becoming coloured (مُلَوِّنٌ), (so in some copies of the S and K, and in the Mgh, or مُتَلَوِّنٌ [which signifies the same], Har p. 416), or that have become coloured (مُلَوَّنٌ); (so in other copies of the S and K;) as also ↓ زُهُوٌّ, (K, TA,) like عُلُوٌّ, thus in the handwriting of Az in the T: (TA:) [here, again, in the CK we find كالزَّهْوِ put in the place of كَالزُّهُوِّ: or perhaps it should be ↓ كَالزُّهْوِ; as appears from what follows in the next sentence:] in this sense, زَهْوٌ is an inf. n. used as a subst. (Mgh.) One says, when redness and yellowness appear in palm-trees, قَدْ ظَهَرَ فِيهِ الزَّهْوُ [Dates becoming, or become, red, or yellow, have appeared in them; i. e. فِى النَّخْلِ]: and the people of El-Hijáz say, ↓ الزُّهْوُ, with damm: (S:) [Fei says,] the subst. from زَهَا النَّخْلُ meaning “ the palm-trees showed redness and yellowness in their fruit ” is الزهو [i. e. ↓ الزُّهْوُ], with damm; and AHát says that this term is used only when the colour of the date has become free from admixture in redness or yellowness. (Msb.) b9: Yousay also ثَوْبٌ زَهْوٌ A red and beautiful garment or piece of cloth: and ثِيَابٌ زَهْوَةٌ and ↓ زَاهِيَةٌ [red and beautiful garments &c.]. (JK.) زُهْوٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, latter half, in three places.

زُهَا الدُّنْيَا The ornature, finery, show, pomp, or gaiety, of the present life or world. (K, TA.) The former noun [when indeterminate] is [with tenween, زُهًا,] like هُدًى. (K.) زَهْوَةٌ A shining, glistening, or brilliancy; whatever be the colour. (TA.) زَهَآءٌ: see زَهْوٌ, in the former half of the paragraph.

زُهَآءٌ Number, or amount. (JK, Msb.) Yousay, كَمْ زُهَاؤُهُمْ How many is their number? or how much is their amount? (Msb, TA:) or, the computation of them? (TA.) And هُمْ زُهَآءُ مِائَةٍ

[They are as many as a hundred;] they are the number, or amount, of a hundred; (El-Fárábee, S, Mgh, Msb, K; *) or their number, or amount, is a hundred: (Mgh:) and مِائَةٍ ↓ زِهَآءُ, also, with kesr: (El-Fárábee, Msb:) but the saying of the [common] people هُمْ زُهَآء عَلَى مِائَة is not [correct] Arabic. (Msb.) b2: Also A large number: whence in a trad. respecting the time of the resurrection, إِذَا سَمِعْتُمْ بِنَاسٍ مِنْ قِبَلِ المَشْرِقِ

أُولِى زُهَآءٍ i. e. [When ye hear of men coming from the direction of the east,] having a large number. (TA.) b3: And زُهَآءُ الشَّىْءِ signifies The شَخْص [i. e. corporeal form or figure or substance, which one sees from a distance,] of the thing. (TA.) زِهَآءُ مِائَةٍ: see the next preceding paragraph.

زُهُوٌّ: see زَهْوٌ, in two places. b2: Also The redness of colour, and beauty, of garments or cloths. (JK.) زَاهٍ [act. part. n. of زَهَا]. b2: إِبِلٌ زَاهِيَةٌ Camels that will not pasture upon the [plants, or trees, termed] حَمْضِ: (ISk, S:) pl. زَوَاهٍ. (TA.) b3: زَاهِى اللَّوْن Bright in respect of colour. (TA.) ثِيَابٌ زَاهِيَةٌ: see زَهْوٌ, last sentence.

أَزْهَى [meaning More, and most, proud, vain, boastful, or self-conceited, is, like مَا أَزْهَاهُ (q. v.), from زَهَا as syn. with زُهِىَ; not from the latter of these two verbs]. You say أَزْهَى مِنْ غُرَابٍ [More proud, &c., than a crow]; (S, Meyd;) because the crow, in walking, ceases not to go with a proud, or self-conceited, gait, and to look at itself: and مِنْ وَعِلٍ [than a mountain-goat]: and من طَاؤُوسٍ [than a peacock]: and دِيكٍ and ذُبَابٍ and ثَوْرٍ and ثَعْلَبٍ [a cock and a fly and a bull and a fox]: all these are provs. (Meyd.) إِنْزَهْوٌ, in which each of the first two letters is augmentative, and which is said to be the only word of its kind except إِنْقَحْلٌ from قَحَلَ, (MF, TA,) applied to a man, Proud, haughty, or insolent; (Lh, K;) as also ↓ مُزْدَهًى [which more properly means incited, or excited, to lightness, levity, or unsteadiness]; (Har p. 264:) pl. of the former إِنْزَهْوُونَ. (Lh, TA.) [See also what next follows.]

مَزْهُوٌّ, from زُهِى, applied to a man, Proud, haughty, or insolent; (S, TA;) [vain, and boast-ful;] pleased with himself, or self-conceited. (TA.) [See also what next precedes.]

مُزْدَهًى: see إِنْزَهْوٌ, above.

النِّيلُ:
بكسر أوله، بلفظ النيل الذي تصبغ به الثياب، في مواضع: أحدها بليدة في سواد الكوفة قرب حلّة بني مزيد يخترقها خليج كبير يتخلج من الفرات الكبير حفره الحجاج بن يوسف وسماه بنيل مصر، وقيل:
إنّ النيل هذا يستمد من صراة جاماسب، ينسب إليه خالد بن دينار النيلي أبو الوليد الشيباني، كان يسكن النيل، حدث عن الحسن العكلي وسالم بن عبد الله ومعاوية بن قرّة، روى عنه الثوري وغيره، وقال محمد بن خليفة السّنبسي شاعر بني مزيد يمدح دبيسا بقصيدة مطلعها:
قالوا هجرت بلاد النيل وانقطعت ... حبال وصلك عنها بعد إعلاق
فقلت: إني وقد أقوت منازلها ... بعد ابن مزيد من وفد وطرّاق
فمن يكن تائقا يهوى زيارتها ... على البعاد فإني غير مشتاق
وكيف أشتاق أرضا لا صديق بها ... إلا رسوم عظام تحت أطباق؟
وإياه عنى أيضا مرجا بن نباه بقوله:
قصدتكم أرجو نوال أكفّكم، ... فعدت وكفّي من نوالكم صفر
فلما أتيت النيل أيقنت بالغنى ... ونيل المنى منكم فلاحقني الفقر
والنيل أيضا: نهر من أنهار الرّقة حفره الرشيد على ضفّة نيل الرّقة، والبليخ: نهر دير زكّى، ولذلك قال الصّنوبري:
كأنّ عناق نهري دير زكّى، ... إذا اعتنقا، عناق متيّمين
وقت ذاك البليخ يد الليالي ... وذاك النيل من متجاورين
وأما نيل مصر فقال حمزة: هو تعريب نيلوس من الرومية، قال القضاعي: ومن عجائب مصر النيل جعله الله لها سقيا يزرع عليه ويستغنى به عن مياه المطر في أيام القيظ إذا نضبت المياه من سائر الأنهار فيبعث الله في أيام المدّ الريح الشمال فيغلب عليه البحر الملح فيصير كالسّكر له حتى يربو ويعم الرّبى والعوالي ويجري في الخلج والمساقي فإذا بلغ الحدّ الذي هو تمام الريّ وحضر زمان الحرث والزراعة بعث الله الريح الجنوب فكبسته وأخرجته إلى البحر الملح وانتفع الناس بالزراعة مما يروى من الأرض، وأجمع أهل العلم أنه ليس في الدنيا نهر أطول من النيل لأن مسيرته شهر في الإسلام وشهران في بلاد النوبة وأربعة أشهر في الخراب حيث لا عمارة فيها إلى أن يخرج في بلاد القمر خلف خطّ الاستواء، وليس في الدنيا نهر يصبّ من الجنوب إلى الشمال إلا هو، ويمتد في أشدّ ما يكون من الحرّ حين تنقص أنهار الدنيا، ويزيد بترتيب وينقص بترتيب بخلاف سائر الأنهار، فإذا زادت الأنهار في سائر الدنيا نقص وإذا نقصت زاد نهاية وزيادة، وزيادته في أيام نقص غيره، وليس في الدنيا نهر يزرع عليه ما يزرع على النيل ولا يجيء من خراج نهر ما يجيء من خراج ما يسقيه النيل، وقد روي عن عمرو بن العاص أنه قال: إن نيل مصر سيد الأنهار سخر الله له كلّ نهر بين المشرق والمغرب أن يمدّ له وذلّله له فإذا أراد الله تعالى أن يجري نيل مصر أمر الله تعالى كلّ نهر أن يمدّه بمائه وفجّر الله تعالى له الأرض عيونا وانتهى جريه إلى ما أراد
الله تعالى، فإذا بلغ النيل نهايته أمر الله تعالى كلّ ماء أن يرجع إلى عنصره ولذلك جميع مياه الأرض تقلّ أيام زيادته، وذكر عبد الرحمن بن عبد الله بن عبد الحكم قال: لما فتح المسلمون مصر جاء أهلها إلى عمرو بن العاص حين دخل بؤونه من شهور القبط فقالوا: أيها الأمير إن لبلدنا هذا سنّة لا يجري النيل إلا بها وذلك أنه إذا كان لاثنتي عشرة ليلة تخلو من هذا الشهر عمدنا إلى جارية بكر بين أبويها فأرضينا أبويها وجعلنا عليها من الحلي والثياب أفضل ما يكون ثم ألقيناها في هذا النيل، فقال لهم عمرو: إن هذا لا يكون في الإسلام وإن الإسلام يهدم ما قبله، فأقاموا بؤونه وأبيب ومسرى لا يجري النيل قليلا ولا كثيرا حتى هموا بالجلاء، فلما رأى عمرو ذلك كتب إلى عمر بن الخطاب بذلك فكتب إليه عمر:
قد أصبت، إن الإسلام يهدم ما قبله، وقد بعثت إليك ببطاقة فألقها في داخل النيل إذا أتاك كتابي هذا، وإذا في كتابه: بسم الله الرّحمن الرّحيم، من عبد الله عمر بن الخطاب أمير المؤمنين إلى نيل مصر، أما بعد فإن كنت تجري من قبلك فلا تجر، وإن كان الواحد القّهار يجريك فنسأل الله الواحد القهار أن يجريك، قال: فألقى عمرو بن العاص البطاقة في النيل وذلك قبل عيد الصليب بيوم وكان أهل مصر قد تأهبوا للخروج منها والجلاء لأنهم لا تقوم مصلحتهم إلا بالنيل، فأصبحوا يوم الصليب وقد جرى النيل بقدرة الله تعالى وزاد ستة عشر ذراعا في ليلة واحدة وانقطعت تلك السنّة السيئة عن أهل مصر، وكان للنيل سبعة خلجان: خليج الإسكندرية، وخليج دمياط، وخليج منف، وخليج المنهي، وخليج الفيوم، وخليج عرشي، وخليج سردوس، وهي متصلة الجريان لا ينقطع منها شيء، والزروع بين هذه الخلجان متّصلة من أول مصر إلى آخرها، وزروع مصر كلها تروى من ستة عشر ذراعا بما قدّروا ودبروا من قناطرها وجسورها وخلجها، فإذا استوى الماء كما ذكرناه في المقياس من هذا الكتاب أطلق حتى يملأ أرض مصر فتبقى تلك الأراضي كالبحر الذي لم يفارقه الماء قط والقرى بينه يمشى إليها على سكور مهيأة والسفن تخترق ذلك، فإذا استوفت المياه ورويت الأرضون أخذ ينقص في أول الخريف وقد برد الهواء وانكسر الحرّ فكلما نقص الماء عن أرض زرعت أصناف الزروع واكتفت بتلك الشربة لأنه كلما تأخّر الوقت برد الجوّ فلا تنشف الأرض إلى أن يستكمل الزرع فإذا استكمل عاد الوقت يأخذ في الحرّ والصيف حتى ينضج الزروع وينشفها ويكمّلها، فلا يأتي الصيف إلا وقد استقام أمرها فأخذوا في حصادها، وفي ذلك عبرة وآية ودليل على قدرة العزيز الحكيم الذي خلق الأشياء في أحسن تقويم، وقد قال عزّ من قائل:
ما ترى في خلق الرحمن من تفاوت، وفي النيل عجائب كثيرة وله خصائص لا توجد في غيره من الأنهار، وأما أصل مجراه فيذكر أنه يأتي من بلاد الزنج فيمر بأرض الحبشة مسامتا لبحر اليمن من جهة أرض الحبشة حتى ينتهي إلى بلاد النوبة من جانبها الغربي والبجه من جانبها الشرقي فلا يزال جاريا بين جبلين بينهما قرى وبلدان والراكب فيه يرى الجبلين عن يمينه وشماله وهو بينهما بإزاء الصعيد حتى يصب في البحر، وأما سبب زيادته في الصيف فإن المطر يكثر بأرض الزنجبار وتلك البلاد في هذه الأوقات بحيث ينزل الغيث عندهم كأفواه القرب وتنصبّ المدود إلى هذا النهر من سائر الجهات فإلى أن يصل إلى مصر ويقطع تلك المفاوز يكون القيظ ووجه
الحاجة إليه كما دبره الخالق عز وجل، وقد ذكر الليث بن سعد وغيره قصة رجل من ولد العيص بن إسحاق النبي، عليه السّلام، وتطلّبه مجراه أذكرها بعد إن شاء الله تعالى، قال أميّة: نيل مصر ينبوعه من وراء خط الاستواء من جبل هناك يقال له جبل القمر فإنه يبتدئ في التزيّد في شهر أبيب وهو في الرومية يوليه، والمصريون يقولون: إذا دخل أبيب شرع الماء في الدبيب، وعند ابتدائه في التزيّد تتغير جميع كيفياته ويفسد، والسبب في ذلك مروره بنقائع مياه أجنة يخالطها فيحيلها ويستخرجها معه ويستصحبها إلى غير ذلك مما يحيله، فلا يزال على هذه الحال كما وصفه الأمير تميم بن المعزّ بن إسماعيل فقال:
أما ترى الرعد بكى واشتك ... والبرق قد أومض واستضحكا؟
فاشرب على غيم كصبغ الدُّجى ... أضحك وجه الأرض لما بكى
وانظر لماء النيل في مدّه ... كأنه صندل أو مسّكا
أو كما قال أمية بن أبي الصلت المغربي:
ولله مجرى النيل منها إذا الصّبا ... أرتنا به في مرّها عسكرا مجرا
بشطّ يهزّ السّمهريّة ذبّلا، ... وموج يهزّ البيض هنديّة بترا
ولتميم بن المعز أيضا:
يوم لنا بالنيل مختصر، ... ولكل وقت مسرة قصر
والسّفن تصعد كالخيول بنا ... فيه وجيش الماء منحدر
فكأنما أمواجه عكن، ... وكأنما داراته سرر
وقال الحافظ أبو الحسين محمد بن الوزير في تدرج زيادة النيل إصبعا إصبعا وعظم منفعة ذلك التدرج:
أرى أبدا كثيرا من قليل، ... وبدرا في الحقيقة من هلال
فلا تعجب فكلّ خليج ماء ... بمصر مسبّب لخليج مال
زيادة إصبع في كل يوم ... زيادة أذرع في حسن حال
فإذا بلغ الماء خمسة عشر ذراعا وزاد من السادس عشر إصبعا واحدا كسر الخليج ولكسره يوم معهود فيجتمع الخاصّ والعامّ بحضرة القاضي وإذا كسر فتحت التّرع وهي فوهات الخلجان ففاض الماء وساح وعمّ الغيطان والبطاح وانضمّ أهل القرى إلى أعلى مساكنهم من الضياع والمنازل بحيث لا ينتهي إليهم الماء فتعود عند ذلك أرض مصر بأسرها بحرا عامّا غامر الماء بين جبليها المكتنفين لها وتثبت على هذه الحال حسبما تبلغ الحدّ المحدود في مشيئة الله، وأكثر ذلك يحول حول ثمانية عشر ذراعا ثم يأخذ عائدا في صبّه إلى مجرى النيل ومشربه فينقص عما كان مشرفا عاليا من الأراضي ويستقر في المنخفض منها فيترك كل قرارة كالدرهم ويعمّ الرّبى بالزهر المؤنق والروض المشرق، وفي هذا الوقت تكون أرض مصر أحسن شيء منظرا وأبهاها مخبرا، وقد جوّد أبو الحسن عليّ بن أبي بشر الكاتب فقال:
شربنا مع غروب الشمس شَمْساً ... مشعشعة إلى وقت الطلوع
وضوء الشمس فوق النيل باد ... كأطراف الأسنّة في الدروع
ومن عجائب النيل السمكة الرعّادة وهي سمكة لطيفة مسيّرة من مسّها بيده أو بعود يتصل بيده إليها أو بشبكة هي فيها اعترته رعدة وانتفاض ما دامت في يده أو في شبكته، وهذا أمر مستفيض رأيت جماعة من أهل التحصيل يذكرونه، ويقال إن بمصر بقلة من مسّها ومسّ الرعّادة لم ترتعد يده، والله أعلم، ومن عجائبه التمساح ولا يوجد في بلد من البلدان إلا في النيل، ويقال إنه أيضا بنهر السند إلا أنه ليس في عظم المصري فإذا عضّ اشتبكت أسنانه واختلفت فلم يتخلص الذي وقع فيها حتى يقطعه، وحنك التمساح الأعلى يتحرّك والأسفل لا يتحرك، وليس ذلك في غيره من الدواب، ولا يعمل الحديد في جلده، وليس له فقار بل عظم ظهره من رأسه إلى ذنبه عظم واحد ولا يقدر أن يلتوي أو ينقبض لأنه ليس في ظهره خرز، وهو إذا انقلب لم يستطع أن يتحرك، وإذا أراد الذكر أن يسفد أنثاه أخرجها من النيل وألقاها على ظهرها كما يأتي الرجل المرأة فإذا قضى منها وطره قلبها فإن تركها على ظهرها صيدت لأنها لا تقدر أن تنقلب، وذنب التمساح حادّ طويل وهو يضرب به فربما قتل من تناله ضربته، وربما جرّ بذنبه الثور من الشريعة حتى يلجج به في البحر فيأكله، ويبيض مثل بيض الإوزّ فإذا فقص عن فراخه كان الواحد كالحرذون في جسمه وخلقته ثم يعظم حتى يصير عشرة أذرع وأكثر وهو يبيض وكلما عاش يزيد، وتبيض الأنثى ستين بيضة، وله في فيه ستون سنّا، ويقال إنه إذا أخذ أول سن من جانب حنكه الأيسر ثم علّق على من به حمّى نافض تركته من ساعته، وربما دخل لحم ما يأكله بين أسنانه فيتأذّى به فيخرج من الماء إلى البرّ ويفتح فاه فيجيئه طائر مثل الطّيطوى فيسقط على حنكه فيلتقط بمنقاره ذلك اللحم بأسره فيكون ذلك اللحم طعاما لذلك الطائر وراحة بأكله إياه للتمساح، ولا يزال هذا الطائر حارسا له ما دام ينقي أسنانه، فإذا رأى إنسانا أو صيادا يريده رفرف عليه وزعق ليؤذنه بذلك ويحذره حتى يلقي نفسه في الماء إلى أن يستوفي جميع ما في أسنانه، فإذا أحسّ التمساح بأنه لم يبق في أسنانه شيء يؤذيه أطبق فمه على ذلك الطائر ليأكله فلذلك خلق الله في رأس ذلك الطائر عظما أحدّ من الإبرة فيقيمه في وسط رأسه فيضرب حنك التمساح، ويحكى عنه ما هو أعجب من ذلك، وهو أن ابن عرس من أشد أعدائه، فيقال إن ابن عرس إذا رأى التمساح نائما على شاطئ النيل ألقى نفسه في الماء حتى يبتل ثم يتمرغ في التراب ثم يقيم شعره ويثب حتى يدخل في جوف التمساح فيأكل ما في جوفه وليس للتمساح يد تدفع عنه ذلك، فإذا أراد الخروج بقر بطنه وخرج، وعجائب الدنيا كثيرة وإنما نذكر منها ما نجرّبه عادة ولهذا أمثال ليس كتابنا بصدد شرحها، وقال الشاعر:
أضمرت للنيل هجرانا ومقلية ... مذ قيل لي إنما التمساح في النيل
فمن رأى النيل رأي العين من كشب ... فما رأى النيل إلا في البواقيل
والبواقيل: كيزان يشرب منها أهل مصر، وقال عمرو بن معدي كرب:
فالنيل أصبح زاخرا بمدوده، ... وجرت له ريح الصّبا فجرى لها
عوّدت كندة عادة فاصبر لها، ... اغفر لجانبها وردّ سجالها
وحدّث الليث بن سعد قال: زعموا، والله أعلم،
أن رجلا من ولد العيص يقال له حائذ بن شالوم بن العيص بن إسحاق بن إبراهيم، عليهما السلام، خرج هاربا من ملك من ملوكهم إلى أرض مصر فأقام بها سنين، فلما رأى عجائب نيلها وما يأتي به جعل الله نذرا أن لا يفارق ساحله حتى يرى منتهاه أو ينظر من أين مخرجه أو يموت قبل ذلك، فسار عليه ثلاثين سنة في العمران ومثلها في غير العمران، وبعضهم يقول خمس عشرة كذا وخمس عشرة كذا، حتى انتهى إلى بحر أخضر فنظر إلى النيل يشقه مقبلا فوقف ينظر إلى ذلك فإذا هو برجل قائم يصلّي تحت شجرة تفّاح، فلما رآه استأنس به فسلم عليه فسأله صاحب الشجرة عن اسمه وخبره وما يطلب، فقال له: أنا حائذ بن شالوم بن العيص بن إسحاق بن إبراهيم، فمن أنت؟ قال: أنا عمران بن العيص بن إسحاق بن إبراهيم، فما الذي جاء بك إلى ههنا يا حائذ؟ قال:
أردت علم أمر النيل، فما الذي جاء بك أنت؟ قال:
جاء بي الذي جاء بك، فلما انتهيت إلى هذا الموضع أوحى الله تعالى إليّ أن قف بمكانك حتى يأتيك أمري، قال: فأخبرني يا عمران أي شيء انتهى إليك من أمر هذا النيل وهل بلغك أن أحدا من بني آدم يبلغه؟ قال: نعم بلغني أن رجلا من بني العيص يبلغه ولا أظنه غيرك يا حائذ، فقال له: يا عمران كيف الطريق إليه؟ قال له عمران: لست أخبرك بشيء حتى تجعل بيننا ما أسألك، قال: وما ذاك؟ قال: إذا رجعت وأنا حيّ أقمت عندي حتى يأتي ما أوحى الله لي أن يتوفاني فتدفني وتمضي، قال: لك ذلك عليّ، قال: سر كما أنت سائر فإنه ستأتي دابة ترى أولها ولا ترى آخرها فلا يهولنّك أمرها فإنها دابة معادية للشمس إذا طلعت أهوت إليها لتلتقمها فاركبها فإنها تذهب بك إلى ذلك الجانب من البحر فسر عليه فإنك ستبلغ أرضا من حديد جبالها وشجرها وجميع ما فيها حديد، فإذا جزتها وقعت في أرض من فضة جبالها وشجرها وجميع ما فيها فضة، فإذا تجاوزتها وقعت في أرض من ذهب جميع ما فيها ذهب ففيها ينتهي إليك علم النيل، قال: فودعه ومضى وجرى الأمر على ما ذكر له حتى انتهى إلى أرض الذهب فسار فيها حتى انتهى إلى سور من ذهب وعليه قبّة لها أربعة أبواب وإذا ماء كالفضة ينحدر من فوق ذلك السور حتى يستقرّ في القبة ثم يتفرق في الأبواب وينصبّ إلى الأرض، فأما ثلثاه فيغيض وأما واحد فيجري على وجه الأرض وهو النيل، فشرب منه واستراح ثم حاول أن يصعد السور فأتاه ملك وقال: يا حائذ قف مكانك فقد انتهى إليك علم ما أردته من علم النيل وهذا الماء الذي تراه ينزل من الجنة وهذه القبة بابها، فقال:
أريد أن أنظر إلى ما في الجنة، فقال: إنك لن تستطيع دخولها اليوم يا حائذ، قال: فأي شيء هذا الذي أرى؟ قال: هذا الفلك الذي تدور فيه الشمس والقمر وهو شبه الرحا، قال: أريد أن أركبه فأدور فيه، فقال له الملك: إنك لن تستطيع اليوم ذلك، ثم قال: إنه سيأتيك رزق من الجنة فلا تؤثر عليه شيئا من الدنيا فإنه لا ينبغي لشيء من الجنة أن يؤثر عليه شيء من الدنيا، فبينما هو واقف إذ أنزل عليه عنقود من عنب فيه ثلاثة أصناف: صنف كالزبرجد الأخضر وصنف كالياقوت الأحمر وصنف كاللؤلؤ الأبيض، ثم قال: يا حائذ هذا من حصرم الجنة ليس من يانع عنبها فارجع فقد انتهى إليك علم النيل، فرجع حتى انتهى إلى الدابة فركبها فلما أهوت الشمس إلى الغروب أهوت إليها لتلتقمها فقذفت به إلى جانب البحر الآخر فأقبل حتى انتهى إلى عمران فوجده قد مات في يومه ذلك فدفنه وأقام
على قبره، فلما كان في اليوم الثالث أقبل شيخ كبير كأنه بعض العبّاد فبكى على عمران طويلا وصلى على قبره وترحم عليه ثم قال: يا حائذ ما الذي انتهى إليك من علم النيل؟ فأخبره، فقال: هكذا نجده في الكتاب، ثم التفت إلى شجرة تفاح هناك فأقبل يحدّثه ويطري تفاحها في عينيه، فقال له: يا حائذ ألا تأكل؟ قال: معي رزقي من الجنة ونهيت أن أوثر عليه شيئا من الدنيا، فقال الشيخ: هل رأيت في الدنيا شيئا مثل هذا التفاح؟ إنما هذه شجرة أنزلها الله لعمران من الجنة ليأكل منها وما تركها إلا لك ولو أكلت منها وانصرفت لرفعت، فلم يزل يحسّنها في عينه ويصفها له حتى أخذ منها تفاحة فعضها ليأكل منها فلما عضها عضّ يده ونودي: هل تعرف الشيخ؟
قال: لا! قيل: هذا الذي أخرج أباك آدم من الجنة، أما إنك لو سلمت بهذا الذي معك لأكل منه أهل الدنيا فلم ينفد، فلما وقف حائذ على ذلك وعلم أنه إبليس أقبل حتى دخل مصر فأخبرهم بخبر النيل ومات بعد ذلك بمصر، قال عبيد الله الفقير إليه مؤلف الكتاب: هذا خبر شبيه بالخرافة وهو مستفيض ووجوده في كتب الناس كثير، والله أعلم بصحته، وإنما كتبت ما وجدت.

هو

ى1 هَوَى بِهِ He made it to fall down: see an ex. in a verse of Ru-beh, cited voce رِياَغٌ, in art. ريغ. b2: See 4. b3: هَوَتْ أُذُنُهُ His ears heard a confused, or humming, or singing, sound. (K.) b4: هَوَتْ أُمُّهُ is used to express wonder; like as when one says, قَاتَلَهُ اللّٰهُ مَا أَسْمَعَهُ. (IB, in TA, art. ام.) 4 أَهْوَى إِلَى الشَّىْءِ بِيَدِهِ He extended, or stretched forth, his arm, or hand, to the thing to take it; it being near: if it be distant, you say, إِلَيْهِ ↓ هَوَى, without ا. (Msb.) And أَهْوَى إِلى

سَيْفِهِ He reached his sword; took it with his hand, or with his extended hand; or took hold of it. (Msb.) And أَهْوَيْتُ بِالشَّىْءِ [in my copy of the Msb, erroneously, إِلَى الشَّىْءِ] I made a sign with the thing. (As, S.) 5 تَهَوَّهَ

: see آهَةٌ, in art. اوه.7 اِنْهَوَى

: see اِنْغَوَى, in art. غو.

هَاهْ and هَاهُ: see آهِ, in art. اوه.

الهَوَى

Love, and attachment: then, inclination of the soul, or mind, to a thing: then, blameable inclination; as when one says, اِتَّبَعَ هَوَاهُ [He followed his evil inclination]; and هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الأَهْوَآءِ [see below]. (Msb.) See also حُبٌّ. b2: هَوًى Also signifies Beloved [or an object of love]. (K, Ham, p. 546.) [Being originally an inf. n., it may be used alike as sing. and pl. See an ex. in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. زين: and see an ex. voce شَكْلٌ. b3: الهَوَى

The inclination of the soul to that in which the animal appetites take delight, without any lawful invitation thereto; (KT;) [natural desire:] love, and desire; generally, such as is not praiseworthy: (Mgh:) I render it, love, or desirous love. b4: [Its pl.] أَهْوَآءٌ also signifies Opinions declining, or swerving, from the right way, or from the truth. (Bd, ii. 114.) [Hence,] أَهْلُ الأَهْوَآءِ [The people of erroneous opinions]. (T, in art. سمع; &c.) هُوَّةٌ A deep hollow in the ground: (S, JK, M, Msb, K:) or a hollow, or cavity, in the ground; a pit: (Msb:) or a descent in the ground: (K:) or a deep hollow, cavity, or pit; as also ↓ مَهْوَاةٌ: or a low, or depressed, place in the ground. (TA.) b2: إِجْعَلِ الأَمْرَ هُوَّةً وَاحِدَةٌ Make thou the affair, or case, [uniform, or] one uniform thing. (Fr in TA, in art. بأج.) هَوَآءٌ A vacancy; a vacuity; a vacant, or an empty, space. (Mgh.) b2: A vacant, or an empty, thing. (Msb.) هَوِىٌّ and هُوِىٌّ: see 4, (last sentence), in art. سلم.

هَاوَنٌ

, said to be thus, with fet-h to the و, originally هَاوُونٌ, [A mortar;] the thing in which one pounds, or bruises: pl. هَوَاوِينُ. (Msb.) هَاوِيَةٌ An abyss; a depth, or deep place, of which the bottom cannot be reached. (JK, TA.) مَهْوَى الرَّكِيَّةِ [The cavity of the well]. (K, voce إِزَآءٌ.) b2: See مَهْوَاةٌ.

مَهْوَاةٌ

: see هُوَّةٌ. b2: The space between two mountains; (S, Msb;) and the like; as also ↓ مَهْوًى: (S:) a pit, or hollow, dug, or excavated. (Msb.) مُهَيَّأٌ i. q.

زَُمَاوَرْدٌ. (MF, art. ورد.)

جلس

1 جَلَسَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (A, K,) inf. n. جُلُوسٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ مَجْلَسٌ, (S, A, K,) He placed his seat, or posteriors, upon rugged [or rather elevated] ground, such as is termed جَلْسٌ: this is the primary signification: (TA:) [and hence,] He sat; i. q. قَعَدَ [when the latter is used in its largest sense]: (Msb, and so S and L and A and K in art. قعد:) you say, جَلَسَ مُتَرَبِّعًا and قَعَدَ مُتَرَبِّعًا [He sat cross-legged]: (Msb:) accord. to El-Fárábee and others, contr. of قَامَ; and thus it has a more common application than قَعَدَ [when the latter is used in its most proper and restricted sense]: (Msb:) but قَعَدَ also signifies the contr. of قَامَ: ('Orweh Ibn-Zubeyr, L in art. قعد:) properly speaking, جَلَسَ differs from قَعَدَ; the former signifying he sat up; or sat after sleeping, or prostration, (Msb,) or after lying on his side; (B, TA;) and the latter, he sat down; or sat after standing: (Msb, B, TA: and see other authorities to the same effect in art. قعد:) for جُلُوسٌ is a change of place from low to high, and قُعُودٌ is a change of place from high to low: and one says, جَلَسَ مُتَّكِئًا, but not قَعَدَ مُتَّكِئًا, meaning [He sat] leaning, or reclining, upon one side: (Msb:) but both these verbs sometimes signify he was, or became: and thus, [it is said,] جَلَسَ مُتَرَبِّعًا and فَعَدَ مُتَرَبِّعًا signify he was, or became, cross-legged: and جَلَسَ بَيْنَ شُعَبِهَا الأَرْبَعِ in like manner signifies he was, or became, [between her four limbs,] (El-Fárábee, Msb,) because the man, in this case, is resting upon his own four limbs. (Msb.) [جَلَسَ مَعَهُ and جَلَسَ إِلَيْهِ, like خَلَا معه and خلا اليه, signify the same; i. e. He sat with him: or the latter, he sat by him; like “ assedit ei. ”] An instance of the inf. n. مَجْلَسٌ is found in a trad., in which it is said, فَإِذَا أَتَيْتُمْ إِلَى المَجْلِسِ فَأَعْطُوا الطَّرِيقَ حَقَّهُ [But when ye come to sitting, perform ye the duties relating to the road]. (TA.) [The trad. commences thus: إِيَّاكُمْ وَالجُلُوسَ عَلَى الطُّرُقَاتِ Beware ye of sitting on the roads: and then, after the words before cited, (in which, however, in my copy of the Jámi' es-Sagheer, instead of المجلس, I find المَجَالِسِ, which is pl. of المَجْلِسُ,) it is added that the duties thus alluded to are the lowering of the eyes, the putting away or aside what is hurtful or annoying, the returning of salutations, the enjoining of that which is good, and the forbidding of that which is evil.] b2: جَلَسَتِ الرَّخَمَةُ (tropical:) The aquiline vulture lay upon its breast on the ground; syn. جَثَمَت: a saying applied to him who is of the seceders. (A, TA.) [See also قَعَدَ.] b3: جَلَسَ also signifies (assumed tropical:) It (a thing, as, for instance, a plant,) remained, or continued. (AHn, TA.) b4: Also, (aor.

جَلِسَ, inf. n. جَلْسٌ, TA,) He came to الجَلْس, (TA,) or [the high country called] Nejd: (T, S, A, TA:) and in like manner said of a cloud; it came to Nejd. (TA.) 3 جالسهُ, inf. n. مُجَالَسَةٌ and جِلَاسٌ, [He sat with him.] (TA.) You say, لَا تُجَالِسْ مَنْ لَا تُجَانِسْ [Sit not with him with whom thou wilt not be congenial]. (A, TA.) And كَرِيمُ النِّحَاسِ طَيِّيبُ الجِلَاسِ [Generous in origin, or disposition; pleasant to sit with;] is said of a man. (TA.) 4 اجلسهُ [He seated him; made him to sit: or he made him to sit up]: (S, K, TA:) he gave him place, or settled him, (مَكَّنَهُ,) in sitting. (TA.) 6 تجاسلوا [They sat together; one with another;] (S, A, TA;) فِى المَجَالِسِ [in the sittingplaces]. (S.) 10 استجلسهُ [He asked him, or desired him, to sit: or to sit up.]. You say, رَآنِى قَائِمًا فَاسْتَجْلَسَنِى

[He saw me standing, and he asked me, or desired me, to sit]: (A, TA:) but this is at variance with what we have mentioned in the beginning of the art., respecting the distinction [between جَلَسَ and قَعَدَ]. (TA.) جَلْسٌ Rugged ground or land: (S, K:) this is the primary signification. (TA.) b2: [Also, app., Elevated ground or land:] a place elevated and hard: or, as some say, a tract of land extending widely. (Ham p. 688.) b3: [And hence,] الجَلْسُ What is elevated above the غَوْر [or low country]: (TA:) applied especially to the country of Nejd. (T, S, M, K.) A2: [Persons sitting: or sitting up:] a quasi-pl. n., accord. to Sb, or a pl., accord. to Akh, of ↓ جَالِسٌ: said to be used as sing. and pl. and fem. and masc.; but this assertion is of no account: (ISd, L:) or the people of a مَجْلِس: (Lh, ISd, L, K:) [↓ جُلُوسٌ is also a pl. of ↓ جَالِسٌ; like as بُكِىٌّ, originally بُكُوىٌ, is of بَاكِ: or it is an inf. n. used as an epithet: see جَاثٍ:)] you say قَوْمٌ جُلُوسٌ [a company of men sitting: or sitting up]. (S.) [See also مَجْلِسٌ.] b2: Also A woman who sits in the فِنَآء [or court of the house], not quitting it: (K:) or she who is of noble rank (K, TA) among her people. (TA.) جِلْسٌ: see جَلِيسٌ, in two places.

جَلْسَةٌ A single sitting: or sitting up. (Msb.) جِلْسَةٌ A mode or manner, (TA,) kind, (Msb,) or state, (S, A, Msb,) of sitting: or of sitting up. (S, * A, * Msb, K. *) You say, هُوَ حَسَنُ الجِلْسَةِ [He has a good mode, &c., of sitting]. (A, Msb, K.) جُلَسَةٌ A man (S) who sits much; sedentary. (S, K.) جُلُوسٌ: see جَلْسٌ.

جَلِيسٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ جِلِّيسٌ (TA, as found in a copy of the K, [but this is an intensive form,]) and ↓ جِلْسٌ (S, A, K) A companion with whom one sits: (A, Msb, K:) fem. of the first with ة: (TA:) and pl. [of the same] جُلَسَآءُ (A, K) and [irreg., being by rule pl. of جَالِسٌ,] جُلَّاسٌ. (K.) You say, ↓ هُوَ جِلْسِى and جَلِيسِى [He is my companion with whom I sit]; like as you say, هُوَ خِدْنِى and خَدِينِى. (S.) جِلِّيسٌ: see جَلِيسٌ.

جَالِسٌ: see جَلْسٌ, in two places. b2: Also A man, and a cloud, coming to [the high country called] Nejd. (TA.) You say, رَأَيْتُهُمْ يَعْدُونَ جَالِسِينَ I saw them running, coming to Nejd. (A, TA.) مَجْلَسٌ: see 1: b2: and see مَجْلِسٌ.

مَجْلِسٌ A sitting-place; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ with ة; (Fr, Lh, Sgh, K;) similar to مَكَانٌ and مَكَانَةٌ: (Sgh, TA:) [a place where persons sit together and converse; a sitting-room:] a thing upon which one sits: (MF:) some make a strange distinction between مَجْلِسٌ and ↓ مَجْلَسٌ, asserting the former to be applied to the chamber or house (بَيْت) [in which people sit]; and the latter, to a place of honour upon which it is forbidden to sit without permission; but the former is the only correct form of the two: (MF, TA:) pl. مَجَالِسُ. (S, Msb.) You say, اُرْزُنْ فِى مَجْلِسِكَ and ↓ مَجْلِسَتِكَ [Be thou grave] in thy sitting-place. (Fr, Sgh.) b2: (tropical:) The people of a مَجْلِس; (Msb, TA;) elliptical, for أَهْلُ مَجْلِسٍ: (TA:) an assembly, or a company of men, sitting [together]: (Th, TA:) not well explained as being, with the article ال, syn. with النَّاسُ: (TA:) persons sitting, or sitting up. (A, TA.) [See also جَلْسٌ.] You say, اِنْفَضَّ المَجْلِسُ (assumed tropical:) [The assembly of persons sitting together broke up]. (Msb.) And رَأَيْتُهُمْ مَجْلِسًا I saw them sitting. (A, TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) An oration or a discourse, or an exhortation, (خُطْبَةٌ أَوْ عِظَةٌ,) delivered in a مَجْلِس; like مَقَامَةٌ. (Mtr, in the Preface to Har.) b4: It is also used in the same manner as حَضْرَة and جَنَاب: you say مَجْلِسُ فُلَانٍ

[meaning (assumed tropical:) The object of resort, with whom others sit and converse, such a one]; like حَضْرَةُ فُلَانٍ. (Kull p. 146.) [See arts. حضر and جنب. But this usage I believe to be post-classical.] b5: [Also (assumed tropical:) A stool; meaning, an evacuation. So in medical books.]

مَجْلِسَةٌ: see مَجْلِسٌ, in two places.

جلس: جَلَس: تهيأ لقبول الزائرين، ففي رياض النفوس (ص88 و): فمضيت إليه فوجدت الباب مردودا بلا حديدة وكانت علامهة جلوسه فدخلت ولم استأذن.
جلس على الكرسي: جلس على العرش، تولى الملك (بوشر) وكذلك جلس وحدها. ففي ألف ليلة (1: 80) مثلا في الكلام عن وزير غصب الملك واستولى على العرش: قتل الوزير والدي وجلس مكانه.
_ وجلس إليه (أنظر لين) معناها على وجه الدقة جلس ملتفتا إليه (معجم بدرون، دي يونج، معجم البلاذري، ابن بطوطة 2: 86 (كررت فيه مرتين)، ابن خلكان (1: 178، 9: 132) طبعة وستنفلد، أماري 652، كاتراس 77، الجريدة الآسيوية 1845، 1: 9: 189): جلس إليهم، وفي كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص239) في كلامه عن سلطان في مقابلة رعيته: فقال لبعض من يجلس إليه (يعني إلى القاضي) دلوني على القاضي. وفي ص284 منه: وهو جالس في ركن المسجد مع من يجلس إليه من أهل الحوائج والخصومات (285، 298). وفي رياض النفوس (ص 57و): في كلامه عن شيخين: وكنت أجلس إلى حلقتهما. ويقول بعد ذلك: جلست إليهما على سبيل العادة.
جلس إلى الطعام: جلس كي يطعم (معجم بدرون) وجلس إلى الأرض: جلس على الأرض. (معجم بدرون).
جلس عن، في كتاب شكوري (187و): جلس عن التبرز سبعة أيام أي بقي سبعة أيام دون أن يتبرز.
جلّس (بالتشديد): أجلس جعله يجلس (محيط المحيط، فوك ألكالا).
وعند ابن العوام (1: 188): ويدرس باليد ويَجُلَّس تجليسا جيداً معتدلاً، وقد ترجمها بانكري باللاتينية بما معناه: يسوي وترجمها كلمنت موليه بالفرنسية (ص688) بما معناه: وقد ثبت بصورة راسخة ومستوية.
جَلَّس في منصب: أقام، قلد، ولاه.
وتجليس أسقف: تقليده منصب الاسقفية، واجلاسه في هذا المنصب (بوشر).
وجلَّس: صب من إناء في آخر (ألكالا).
وجلس العصا: قومها (محيط المحيط).
وجلَّست السفينة: استقرت على الصخور أو الرمال (الكالا) ومنه تجليس السفينة مسها قعر البحر أو شاطئه (ابن بطوطة 2: 235) وفيه يجب أن تحل لفظه لفظة مُجلِّسة محل مُجْلسَة التي وردت في المطبوع. ويؤيد هذا ما ذكره ألكالا وما يدل عليه معنى تجلُّس (أنظر الكلمة).
وجَلَّس بزر القز: تأخر منه جانب عن فقس الدود (محيط المحيط).
أجلس: ولى الأسقف منصبه (بوشر).
تجلَّس: تجلَّست السفينة: مست الصخور أو الرمال (ابن بطوطة 4: 186).
وتجلَّس الأمر: اصطلح (محيط المحيط).
جَلْس وتجمع على أجلاس: درس الأستاذ (ميرسنج ص22).
جَلْسَة: اسم المرة من الجلوس.
وجلسة الخطيب: جلوسه بين الخطبتين.
ولما كانت هذه الجلسة قصيرة سريعة ضرب بها المثل في القصر والسرعة. ففي رحلة ابن جبير (ص304): جلسة الخطيب المضروب بها المثل في السرعة (المقري 2: 312) (أنظر 1: 5)، وص426 مع تعليق فليشر بريشت ص48 - 49).
وجَلْسة: حصة من الوقت يجلس فيها ذوو الأمر للنظر في شأن من الشؤون (بوشر). وجَلْسة: حصة درس الأستاذ (المقري مقدمة ص 1).
وجَلْسة: حق التملك والاستيلاء (هلو). ويقول دارست (ص130): (الهابو) لا يجوز بيعه، غير أن العقار إذا تلف في يد المتصرف به وكان خرابه وشيكا دون أن يستطيع المالك الصرف على إصلاحه فإن بيعه يجوز بقرار وإذن من المجلس (اجتماع المفتي والقضاة). وعقد البيع الذي يسلم إلى الشخص الثالث المشتري يسمى (عناء) أو جلسة. وهو يوجب على المالك الجديد آن يقوم بالإصلاحات الضرورية، وآن يدفع دوما دخلا سنويا يحل محل العقار في انتقاله الممكن من يد إلى يد ويستمر في حفظ العقار في أيدي من كان في يدهم.
جُلُوس: تولى منصب رقيع (بوشر).
جُلُوس أسقف: تقلده منصب الأسقفية (بوشر).
وجُلوس: حق الاجتماع في مجلس، (بوشر).
جَليس: يطلق في غرناطة على تاجر الحرير (معجم الأسبانية ص275 - 276).
جَليسَة: فتاة شرف لدى الأميرات (بوشر).
جَلاَّس، ويجمع على جَلاَلِيس: مقعد من نسيج الحلفاء (ألكالا).
وجَلاس: مصباح، قنديل (ابن بطوطة 2: 263). وفي حكاية باسم الحداد (ص22، 23): وأوقد شمعتي وأشعل الجلاس والسراج. وفيه (ص24 وما بعدها): وأخذ سيرج للجلاس وزيت للسراج.
وجَلاس: مبولة، قصرية (دومب ص90) وفيه: كلاّس.
جالِس ويجمع على جُلاس: الحاضر في مجلس (بوشر) - وجالس: مستقيم، ليس بأعوج (محيط المحيط).
جوالس: شنجبار، حشيشة الدرر (نبات) (بوشر).
جوالس: شنجبار، حشيشة الدرروالرمل. (ميهرن ص27). مَجْلِس: مجلس بلدي (بلجراف 2: 330، 378).
وتطلق كلمة مجلس في الجزائر على محكمة الاستئناف المؤلفة من قضاة ومفتين (بروجر 11، كارترون) قارن هذا بما جاء في (جلسة).
وقصر العدل (فوك).
قاعة واسعة يلقى فيها الأستاذ درسه (المقري 1: 473).
درس الأستاذ وما يمليه على طلابه أثناء الدرس (المقري 1: 244، 245)، ففي كتاب ابن الخطيب (ص21 ق): ودرس الأحكام الجدية (كذا) وفي كتاب العبدري (ص19 و): وسمعت منه مجالس من كتاب التيسير. وفي تفسير السيوطي طبعة ميرسنج (ص26) وقد أملى عدة مجالس. ويقال أيضاً: مجلس العلم (المقري 1: 483).
ومجلس عند الدروز: معبد يجتمع فيه العقال منهم (محيط المحيط).
ومجلس: الفعل التام مما يسمى بالذكر (لين الأخلاق والعادات عند المصريين2: 212).
والجمع مجالس: أساس العمارة، فعند ابن ليون (ص4 ق): ميزان الأزُر الذي بأيدي البّنَّائين لإخراج الماء من مجالس عند رمي السطوح.
ومجلس: لقب تشريف يطلق على بعض الأشخاص كما نقول اليوم: سعادة ومعالي وفخامة. فعند رتجرز (ص16) وأنظر (ص172) أيضاً تجد مثلا في كلامه عن سفير: المجلس السامي حسين جاء وش.
وكذلك نجد عند أماري ديب (ص219).
وهو يقول في كلامه عن موظفي الدولة (ص214): المجالس السامية. ويراد به الدهقان أيضاً: (أماري ديب 212).
والمعنى الأخير الذي يذكره لين لهذه الكلمة صحيح، لأننا نجد في معجم المستعيني إنه كناية عن الدفعة الواحدة للبراز ونجد في معجم بوشر: براز من اصطلاح الطب وهو الدفعة الواحدة. للبراز. غير أن معنى الخلاء (المستراح) الذي يذكره فريتاج للكلمة وهم منه فيما أرى.
مجلس السرج: الموضع الذي يجلس عليه الفارس من السرج (المقري 1: 231).
مجلس النظر: مجمع علماء يتناظرون (المقري 1: 485) - ومجلس وحدها: مناظرة (المقري 1: 505).
أمير مجلس: لقب موظف في بلاط السلاطين المماليك، واليه النظر في شؤون الجراحين والأطباء وغيرهم، ولقب بذلك لحقه في الجلوس في مجلس السلطان حين يجلس للناس، وتسمى وظيفته إمرة مجلس (مملوك2، 1: 97).
صاحب المجالس: لقب كان يطلق في الأندلس على الموظف الذي يشرف على توزيع الغرف على ضيوف السلطان. يقول النويري (مصر 2: 114ق): إن المسلمين الذين حاصرهم الأسبان في حصن دسكرة صالحوهم على أن يقيم الطرفان المتحاربان في الحصن، فطلب صاحب الحصن المسلم من الأسبان أن يرسلوا إلى الحصن، منتصف الليل، خمسمائة من خيرة فرسانهم (فلما دخلوا الحصن فرقهم صاحب المجالس وقتلهم عن آخرهم ولم يشعر بعضهم ببعض.
مُجْلَس: صاف، رائق، يقال: ماء مُجلس، لان الماء الكدر إذا ترك بعض الوقت يجلس ما فيه من أسباب الكدورة في القاع فيصفو ويروق (الكالا).
مُجالس: هو الذي يحق له الجلوس في حضرة السلطان في بلاط مراكش (هوست ص181) وكان عدد المجالسين في أيام هذا الرحالة خمسة.

سلم

1 سَلِمَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. سَلَامَةٌ (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and سَلَامٌ (A, TA) and سَلَمٌ and سَلْمٌ and سِلْمٌ, (Bd in xxxix. 30,) He was, or became, safe, or secure; or he escaped; (M, TA;) or he was, or became, free; (TA;) مِنَ الآفَاتِ [from evils of any kind], (S, Mgh,) or مِنَ الآفَةِ [from evil of any kind], (K,) or مِنَ البَلَآءِ [from trial, or affliction], (A, TA,) or مِنَ الأَمْرِ [from the affair]: (M:) he (a traveller) was, or became, safe, secure, or free, from evils of any kind: (Msb:) and سَلِمَ مِنَ العَيْبِ he was, or became, free from fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice; syn. بَرِئَ. (Msb in art. برأ.) [Hence,] one says, لَا بِذِى تَسْلَمُ مَا كَانَ

گَذَا وَكَذَا, (ISk, S, K, *) meaning No, by God [or Him] who maketh thee to be in safety, (ISk, S, K,) [such and such things were not;] and to two persons لا بذى تَسْلَمَانِ, and to a pl. number لا بذى تَسْلَمُونَ, and to a female لا بذى تَسْلَمِينَ, and to a pl. number [of females] لا بذى تَسْلَمْنَ. (ISk, S, K. *) And لَا أَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ بِذِى تَسْلَمُ, meaning, بِذِى سَلَامَتِكِ [i. e. I will not do that, by the Author (lit. Lord or Master) of thy safety]; and in like manner, بذى تَسْلَمَانِ, and بذى تَسْلَمُونَ. (Sb, M. [See also ذو.]) And اِذْهَبْ بِذِى تَسْلَمُ, i. e. اِذْهَبْ بِسَلَامَتِكَ [Go thou with thy safety; or, with the Author of thy safety to protect thee; meaning go thou in safety]; and [to two persons]

اِذْهَبَا بِذِى تَسْلَمَانِ. (S, K.) ذى is thus prefixed to a verb [as virtually governing it in the gen. case] like as آيَة is in an instance mentioned under this latter word; but these are two extr. instances; for only a noun significant of time is [regularly] prefixed to a verb, as in the phrase هٰذَا يَوْمُ يُفْعَلُ, meaning يُفْعَلُ فِيهِ: (Akh, S:) it is not prefixed to any but this verb تَسْلَمُ [and its variations as above mentioned]. (Sb, M, K.) b2: And hence, (Mgh,) one says also, سَلِمَتْ لَهُ الضَّيْعَةُ, meaning [The landed estate] was, or became, free from participation to him; syn. خَلَصَت. (Mgh, TA.) A2: سلمهُ, [app. سَلَمَهُ, or perhaps سَلِمَهُ, for some verbs of this measure are trans., as حَسِبَ and وَرِثَ,] inf. n. سلم, [app. سَلَمٌ, q. v. infrà,] He made him a captive. (TA.) A3: سَلَمَتْهُ الحَيَّةُ, (TA,) inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (M, K, TA,) The serpent bit him: (M, * K, * TA:) mentioned by Az, but he adds that no one but Lth has said this. (TA.) A4: سَلَمَ الجِلْدَ, aor. ـِ (S, K,) inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (TA,) He tanned the skin with [قَرَظ, i. e. leaves of] the سَلَم [or mimosa flava]. (S, K, TA.) b2: سَلَمَ الدَّلْوَ, (M, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (M,) He finished making the leathern bucket; and made it firm, strong, or sound, or made it firmly, strongly, or soundly. (M, K.) 2 سلّمهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَسْلِيمٌ, (K,) He (God) made him to be safe, secure, or free; saved, secured, or freed, him; (M, Msb, TA;) مِنَ الآفَاتِ [from evils of any kind], (S, Msb,) or مِنَ الآفَةِ [from evil of any kind], (K,) or مِنَ الأَمْرِ [from the affair]. (M.) [Freytag assigns the same meaning to ↓ اسلمهُ also, as on the authority of the Ham; in which I find no explanation of this verb except one which will be found later in this paragraph.] b2: [Hence,] التَّسْلِيمُ is also syn. with السَّلَامُ, (S, K, TA,) as meaning The saluting, or greeting, one with a prayer for his safety, or security, or freedom, from evils of any kind in his religion and in his person; and the interpretation thereof is [the expressing a desire for] التَّخْلِيصٌ; (Mbr, TA;) or the saluting, or greeting, one with a prayer for his life; or, by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ [q. v. infrà, voce سَلَامٌ]; syn. التَّحِيَّةُ. (TA.) You say, سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ [meaning He so saluted, or greeted, him]. (M, Msb.) [This, when said of God, virtually means سَلَّمَهُ, i. e. He saved him; and should be rendered agreeably with this explanation in the phrase commonly used after the mention of the Prophet, صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ May God bless and save him. You say also, سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ بِالخِلَافَةِ He saluted him with the acknowledgment of his being Khaleefeh; saying, سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ يَا أَمِيرَ المُؤْمِنِينَ Salutation to thee, or peace be on thee, &c., O Prince of the Faithful.] التَّسْلِيمَةُ signifies The salutation that is pronounced on finishing every two rek'ahs in prayer: (Har p. 180:) [and also that which is pronounced after the last rek'ah of each of the prayers (i. e. after the sunneh prayers and the fard alike), addressed to the two guardian and recording angels: (see my “ Modern Egyptians,” ch. iii., p. 78 of the 5th ed.:) and سَلَّمَ means He pronounced either of those salutations.] b3: [Hence also,] سلّم إِلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ, (S, K, *) inf. n. as above; (K;) and ↓ اسلم اليه الشىءَ; (M;) He gave to him the thing; (S, * M, K;) or delivered it to him: (M:) [he resigned it to him:] and سلّم إِلَيْهِ الوَدِيعَةَ, (Mgh,) or سلّم الوَدِيعَةَ لِصَاحِبِهَا, He delivered the deposit [to him, or] to its owner: (Msb:) and ↓ اسلم الثَّوْبَ إِلَى الخَيَّاطِ (Mgh) signifies the same as سلّمهُ إِلَيْهِ [i. e. He delivered the garment, or piece of cloth, to the tailor]. (Har p. 166.) b4: See also 4, in two places. b5: You say also, سلّم الأَجِيرُ نَفْسَهُ لِلْمُسْتَأْجِرِ The hired man gave himself up, or gave authority over himself, to the hirer. (Msb.) And ↓ أَسْلَمْتُهُ and سَلَّمْتُهُ I left him in the power of him who desired to kill him or to wound him. (Ham p. 115.) And لِلْهَلَكَةِ ↓ اسلمهُ [He gave him up to destruction]: in this case with [the prep.] ل only. (Har p. 166.) and الرَّجُلَ ↓ اسلم, (S, * M, Msb, *) or العَدُوَّ, (K,) He left, forsook, or deserted, (M, K,) the man, (S, * M, Msb, *) or the enemy; (K;) or abstained from aiding, or assisting, him; (S, M, Msb, K;) and threw him into destruction. (IAth, TA.) and لِمَا بِهِ ↓ اسلمهُ He left him [to that bane which was in him: app. referring to the bite of a serpent, or any evil affection: see سَلِيمٌ, third sentence]. (S, * M.) b6: And سلّم أَمْرَهُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ and ↓ اسلمهُ, both meaning the same, (S, Msb, K, TA,) i. e. He committed his case to God. (TA.) b7: And سلّم الدَّعْوَى He acknowledged the truth [or justice] of the claim, demand, or suit; [he conceded its truth or justice;] from سلّم الوَدِيعَةَ لِصَاحِبِهَا, expl. above; denoting an ideal delivering [or yielding of a thing to another person]. (Msb.) [Hence one says, سلّم أَنَّهُ كَذَا He conceded that it was thus.] b8: And التَّسْلِيمُ signifies also [The assenting, or] the giving [one's] approval (S, K, TA) unreservedly, (S,) to that which is ordained, or decreed, (S, K, TA,) by God; and the submitting to his commands; and the abstaining from offering opposition in the case in which it is not becoming [to do so]. (TA.) You say, سلّم لِأَمْرِ اللّٰهِ He assented to the command of God: [or he gave his approval to it:] or he submitted to it; as also ↓ اسلم. (MA.) 3 سالمهُ, (M, Msb,) inf. n. مُسَالَمَةٌ (S, M, Msb) and سِلَامٌ, (M, Msb,) He made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, with him; or he reconciled himself with him: [implying mutual concession, or a compromise:] (S, * M, Msb:) and سَالَمَا They made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, or they reconciled themselves, each with the other. (K.) 4 أَسْلَمَ see 2, in nine places. [The first of the meanings there assigned to this verb is, in my opinion, more than doubtful. In all its senses, it seems to be properly trans.: when it is used as an intrans. verb, an objective complement is app. understood. Thus,] أَسْلَمَ is syn. with أَسْلَفَ [as meaning He paid in advance, or beforehand]; (S, M, Mgh, Msb;) الثَّمَنَ [the price] being suppressed, though sometimes it is expressed; (Mgh;) as also ↓ سلّم; (M;) and ↓ تسلّم, as occurring in a trad., where it is said, مَنْ تَسَلَّمَ فِى شَىْءٍ فَلَا يَصْرِفُهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ [Whoso pays in advance for a thing, he shall not turn it over, or transfer it, to another than him]; but KT says that he had not heard this verb thus used except in this instance. (TA.) So the first of these verbs signifies in the saying, اسلم فِى الطَّعَامِ (S) or فى البُرِّ (Mgh) [He paid in advance for the wheat], and فى الشَّىْءِ [for the thing], as also ↓ سلّم. (M.) and hence the saying, إِذَا أَسْلَمَ صُوفًا فِى لِبْدٍ أَوْ شَعَرًا فِى

مِسْحٍ لَمْ يَجُزْ [If he give in advance wool for felt, or goats' hair for a garment, or piece, of haircloth, it will not be allowable]. (Mgh.) And so in the phrase, أَسْلَمْتُ إِلَيْهِ [I paid in advance to him]. (Msb.) b2: Also [He resigned, or submitted, himself; نَفْسَهُ being understood: or] he was, or became, resigned, or submissive; (M, K;) and so ↓ استسلم: (S, M, Msb, K:) you say, اسلم لِلّٰهِ [He resigned, or submitted, himself, or he was, or became, resigned, or submissive, to God: see also an ex. (before referred to) in the last sentence of the second paragraph: or he was, or became, sincere in his religion, or without hypocrisy, towards God: see مُسْلِمٌ]: (Msb:) [or]

اسلم signifies he entered into السِّلْم, (S, Msb,) which here means الاِسْتِسْلَام [i. e. the state of resignation, or submission]. (S.) b3: And He became a Muslim; as also ↓ تسلّم; (M, * K;) as in the saying, كَانَ كَافِرًا ثُمَّ تَسَلَّمَ, i. e. أَسْلَمَ [He was an unbeliever, or a denier of the unity of God, &c.; then he became a Muslim]: (M:) or he entered [the pale, or communion, of] the religion of الإِسْلَام. (S, * Msb.) الإِسْلَامُ as a principle of the law of God is The manifesting of humility or submission, and outward conforming with the law of God, and the taking upon oneself to do or to say as the Prophet has done or said: for this, the blood is to be spared, and one may demand the repelling of evil: (T, * M:) and if there is therewith firm belief with the heart, it is إِيمَانٌ: (T:) this is the doctrine of Esh-Sháfi'ee; but the doctrine of Aboo-Haneefeh makes no difference between these two terms: (KT:) [agreeably with the former doctrine,] Th well and briefly says, الاسلام is with the tongue, and الايمان is with the heart: and he says, in explaining verse 48 of ch. v. of the Kur, that every prophet has been sent with الاسلام, though the ordinances differ. (M.) b4: One says also, أَسْلَمْتُ عَنْهُ, meaning I left it [app. an affair, as in an explanation in the TK,] after I had been [engaged] in it. (Ibn-Buzurj, K.) And اسلم occurs intransitively in the saying, كَانَ رَاعِىَ غَنَمٍ ثُمَّ

أَسْلَمَ, meaning [He was a pastor of sheep, or goats; then] he left them. (M.) b5: [Freytag assigns to اسلم another signification “ Adscendere fecit (vid. a سُلَّم),” as from the Ham, p. 39: but this is app. a mistake, into which he has been led by a saying, there cited, of Zuheyr, which I read thus: هَوِىَّ الدَّلْوِ أَسْلَمَهَا الرِّشَآءُ (meaning, The descent, or as the descent, of the bucket that the well-rope has let go): and by its being there said that “ you should not prefer any reading of هوى to that with damm, though it has been said otherwise: ” whereas the correct reading is, in my opinion, هَوِىّ, agreeably with what here follows:] Er-Riyáshee says, on the authority of Az, that الهَوِىُّ, with fet-h, is downwards; and with damm, upwards; and he cites the saying above as an ex. of the word as meaning downwards. (TA in art. هوى.) 5 تسلّم مِنْهُ He asserted, or declared, himself to be free from, or clear of, or quit of, it, or him. (M.) b2: تسلّم is also syn. with أُسْلَمَ, in two senses: see the latter, in two places.

A2: and تسلّمهُ signifies He took it, or received it; namely, a thing given, or delivered. (S, M, Msb, K.) 6 تسالموا, (M,) and تسالما, (K,) inf. n. تَسَالُمٌ, (S,) They, (M,) or they two, (K,) made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, (S, * M, K,) one with another, (S, M,) or each with the other. (S, K.) [See also 8.] b2: One says of a man, (M,) of a great, or frequent, liar, (TA,) لَا تَسَالَمُ خَيْلَاهُ, [for تَتَسَالَمُ,] (M,) or لَا يَتَسَالَمُ خَيْلَاهُ, (K, TA,) [(assumed tropical:) His two troops of horses will not agree in pace, each with the other;] meaning (tropical:) [his assertions will not be found to agree together; or] he will not say what is true, so that it may be accepted from him: for تَسَالَمَتْ, said of horses, means (assumed tropical:) they kept pace, one with another; (تَسَايَرَتْ [q. v.];) not exciting one another. (M, K, TA.) 8 استلم He became at peace, or reconciled. (TA.) Hence the saying, (TA,) هُوَ لَا يَسْتَلَمُ عَلَى

سَخَطِهِ He will not become at peace, or reconciled, during his displeasure at a thing. (K, TA.) [See also 6.] b2: استلم الزَّرْعُ The seed-produce put forth its ears. (K.) A2: استلم الحَجَرَ He touched, (S, K,) or reached, (Mgh,) the stone, [meaning the Black Stone of the Kaabeh,] by kissing, or with the hand: (S, Mgh, K:) or he wiped it, or stroked it, with the hand: (Mgh:) or he kissed the stone: or he embraced it: (M:) and اِسْتَلْأَمَهُ signifies the same; (M, K;) but is not the original: (M:) accord. to ISk, the Arabs pronounced it with hemz, contr. to analogy; (Msb;) or it should not be pronounced with hemz, though some thus pronounce it, (S,) the original being استلم, (ISk, Msb,) because it is from سِلَامٌ [pl. of سَلِمَةٌ] signifying “ stones,” (ISk, S, * M, Msb, * [in the Mgh, from سَلِمَةٌ signifying “ a stone,” and in the Msb the pl. of سَلِمَةٌ is said to be سَلَامٌ, like كَلَامٌ,]) accord. to Sb, who says that it does not denote the act of taking; (M;) or, accord. to Sb, it is from السَّلَامُ, with fet-h, meaning “ salutation,” and it means the touching with the hand by way of salutation in order to obtain a blessing thereby: (TA:) but accord. to IAar, the original is with hemz, from المُلَآءَمَةُ, meaning الاِجْتِمَاعُ [“ the coming together,” &c., because denoting contact]. (Msb.) Abu-t-Tufeyl is related to have said, رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَطُوفُ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ يَسْتَلِمُ بِمِحْجَنِهِ وَيُقَبِّلُ المِحْجَنَ [i. e. I saw the Apostle of God (may God bless and save him) circuiting around the Kaabeh, upon his camel, touching the Black Stone with his hooked staff, and kissing the hooked staff]. (TA.) The primary signification of الاِسْتِلَامُ is [said to be] The wiping, or stroking, the سَلِمَة, i. e. the stone: afterwards it was used in relation to other things, and one said اِسْتَلَمْتُ يَدَهَا, meaning I stroked, or kissed, her hand. (Har pp. 30 and 31.) b2: استلم الخُفُّ قَدَمَيْهِ means The boot rendered his feet soft [after he had been accustomed to walking barefoot]. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَسْلَمَ see 4, in the former half of the paragraph.

A2: استسلم ثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ He went upon the middle of the road, not missing it. (K, * TA. [In the CK, after واسْتَسْلَمَ انقادَ, for وثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ, meaning واستسلم ثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ, is erroneously put وتَسَلَّمَ الطَّرِيقَ, assigning to تسلّم a meaning belonging to استسلم.]) Q. Q. 2 تَمَسْلَمَ [from مُسْلِمٌ] He named, or called, himself a Muslim; or he named himself Muslim; his name having before been Mohammad: (M, K:) mentioned by Er-Ru-ásee. (M.) سَلْمٌ: see the next paragraph, in six places.

A2: Also A leathern bucket (دَلْوٌ) having one عُرْوَة [or loop-shaped handle], (T, S, M, K,) with which the waterer walks, like the buckets (دِلَآء) of the attendants of the camels or other beasts upon which water is drawn or which carry water, (T, TA,) or like the دَلْو of the water-carriers: (S, K:) expl. in the S as above as on the authority of AA; but IB says that the correct explanation is, having one عَرْقُوَة [or stick fixed across from one part of the brim to the to the opposite part, serving as a handle as well as to keep it from collapsing]: (TA:) of the masc. gender [whereas دَلْوٌ is fem.]: (M:) pl. [of pauc.] أَسْلُمٌ and [of mult.] سِلَامٌ, (M, K,) and Lh mentions as its pl. أَسَالِمُ, which is extr. [unless as a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of أَسْلُمٌ]. (M.) سِلْمٌ Peace, or reconciliation; as also ↓ سَلْمٌ; (S, M, Msb, K;) masc. and fem.; (S, Msb, K; *) and ↓ سَلَمٌ and ↓ سَلَامٌ are like سِلْمٌ [in signification]: (M: [the context there shows that the signification mentioned above is what is meant in this instance:]) or سِلْمٌ signifies the making peace, or becoming at peace or reconciled, with another or others; (Ham p. 80;) as also ↓ سَلْمٌ; and both are sometimes fem. as being syn. with مُصَالَحَةٌ. (L voce جَنَحَ, q. v.) In the saying of El-Aashà, أَذَاقَتْهُمُ الحَرْبُ أَنْفَاسَهَا

↓ وَقَدْ تُكْرَهُ الحَرْبُ بَعْدَ السِّلِمْ [War made them, or has made them, to taste its draughts, and verily war is disliked after peace], he has transferred the vowel of the م to the ل, in pausing; or it may be that he has inserted a kesreh in imitation of the preceding kesreh: it is not an instance like إِبِل, in the opinion of Sb; for in his opinion the latter is the only instance of its kind. (M.) It is said in a trad., respecting El-Hodeybiyeh, أَخَذَ ثَمَانِينَ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ سِلْمًا, or ↓ سَلْمًا, or ↓ سَلَمًا, accord. to different relations, meaning [He took forty of the people of Mekkeh] peaceably: thus expl. by El-Homeydee, in his “ Ghareeb. ” (TA. [See also سَلَمٌ below.]) b2: Also i. q. ↓ سَلَامٌ, (S, K, TA,) as signifying Selfresignation, or submission; (TA; [and thus the latter is expl. in one place in the S;]) which is also a signification of ↓ سَلَمٌ: (S, M, K, TA:) and this is meant in the Kur [iv. 96], where it is said, لَسْتَ مُؤْمِنًا ↓ وَلَا تَقُولُوا لِمَنْ أَلْقَى إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامَ, (Bd, TA,) or ↓ السَّلَمَ, as some read, (Bd,) [i. e. and say not ye to him who offers to you submission, Thou art not a believer:] or ↓ السَّلَامَ here means the salutation of الإِسْلَام [by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ]: (Bd, TA: *) or salutation, and submission by uttering the profession of الإِسْلَام; and so ↓ السَّلَمَ: (Jel:) [or the latter here means, simply, salutation; and this is app. what is meant by its being said that] السَّلَمُ is the subst. from التَّسْلِيمُ; (K;) [but accord. to SM,] this means the unreserved approval of what is decreed; and this is said to be meant by the reading السَّلَمَ mentioned above. (TA.) b3: And [hence] السِّلْمُ signifies also الإِسْلَامُ [as meaning The religion of the Muslims; because it is a religion of self-resignation, or submission]: (S, K:) this is meant in the Kur [ii. 204], where it is said, اُدْخُلُوا فِى السِّلْمِ كَافَّةً

[Enter ye into the religion of El-Islám wholly]; (S, Bd, Jel;) and so ↓ السَّلْمِ, as some there read; (Bd, Jel;) or both there mean submission and obedience to God: (Bd:) [and] ↓ السَّلَمُ [also] has the former meaning. (M.) A2: Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ سَلْمٌ, (M,) A man, (S, K, TA,) [and] a woman, (M,) who makes peace, or is at peace, with another; (S, M, K;) and in like manner, a company of men (قَوْمٌ). (M.) This is said to be meant in the Kur [xxxix. 30], where it is said, وَرَجْلًا سِلْمًا لِرَجُلٍ, as some read, i. e. And a man who is at peace with respect to a man: (TA:) or سِلْمًا and ↓ سَلْمًا and ↓ سَلَمًا, three different readings, in the place of [the more common reading]

سَالِمًا, are all inf. ns. of سَلِمَ, used as epithets [syn. with سَالِمًا], or ذَا is suppressed before them. (Bd.) You say, أَنَا سِلْمٌ لِمَنْ سَالَمَنِى [I am one who is at peace with respect to him who is at peace with me]. (S, TA.) And a poet says, [using this word in two different senses, the latter of which has been mentioned above,] لِأَهْلِكِ فَاقْبَلِى سِلْمِى أَنَائِلُ إِنَّنِى سِلْمٌ [O Náïleh, (نَائِلُ being for نَائِلَةٌ, a woman's name, apocopated,) verily I am one who is at peace with respect to thy family, therefore accept thou my submission]. (TA. [It seems to be there indicated by the context that سلمى here means my peace, or reconciliation; which is less appropriate than the meaning that I have assigned to it.]) سَلَمٌ: see سَلَامٌ: and see also سِلْمٌ, in seven places. b2: Also, in buying or selling, (Msb,) the subst. from أَسْلَمَ فِى الشَّىْءِ and سَلَّمَ signifying

أَسْلَفَ, (M,) i. q. سَلَفٌ; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. Any money, or property, paid in advance, or beforehand, as the price of a commodity for which the seller has become responsible and which one has bought on description: (T and TA in art. سلف:) or payment for a commodity to be delivered at a certain [future] period with something additional to [the equivalent of] the current price at the time of such payment; this [transaction] being a cause of profit to him who makes such payment: (TA in that art.:) or a sort of sale in which the price is paid in advance, and the commodity is withheld, on the condition of description, to a certain [future] period: (S and O in that art., in explanation of سَلَفٌ:) but it is said in a trad. that the term سَلَمٌ as meaning سَلَفٌ was disliked; app. because the former is applied to obedience, and self-resignation, or submission, to God. (TA.) A2: And The making [one] captive. (K. [See 1, in the latter part of the paragraph.]) A3: And A captive; (K;) because he submits himself. (TA.) One says, أَخَذَهُ سَلَمًا, (M, TA, [in the TK بِالسَّلَمِ,]) He took him [a captive], (TA,) or made him captive, (M,) without war: (M, TA:) or he brought him in a state of submission, not resisting; and so, if wounded: (IAar, M, TA:) and thus El-Khattábee has expl. the phrase in the trad. respecting El-Hodeybiyeh cited above, voce سِلْمٌ. (TA.) A4: Also A sort of tree, (S, M, Msb, K,) [the mimosa flava of Forskål, who writes its Arabic name in Italic characters syllæm, and in Arabic characters سليم, (Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. cxxiii.,)] a species (M) of the [kind of thorny trees called] عِضَاه, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, TA, [not غَضَاة, as in the Lexicons of Golius and Freytag,]) the leaves whereof are the قَرَظ, with which skin is tanned: (TA:) AHn says, its branches are long, like rods; and it has no wood such as is used in carpentry, even if it grows large: it has slender, long thorns, grievous when they wound the foot of a man; and a yellow [fruit such as is termed] بَرَمَة [n. un. of بَرَمٌ, see this word, and see also حُبْلَةٌ,] which is the sweetest of the بَرَم in odour; and they tan with its leaves: and it is said, on the authority of the Arabs of the desert, that it has a yellow flower, containing a green grain (حَبَّة خَضْرَآء [or this may mean a grain of a dark, or an ashy, dustcolour]), of sweet odour, in which is somewhat of bitterness, and of which the gazelles are very fond: (M:) the n. un. is with ة: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) and pl. أَسْلَامٌ, (M,) and سِلَامٌ is said by IB to be pl. of the n. un., like as إِكَامٌ is of أَكَمَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence,] ذَاتُ أَسْلَامٍ A land (أَرْض) that gives growth to the [trees called] سَلَم. (K.) See also سلَمَان.

سَلِمٌ Stones; (S, M;) as also ↓ سِلَامٌ: (M:) and ↓ سَلِمَةٌ [as n. un. of the former and sing. of the latter, (incorrectly written by Freytag, in one place, سَلَمَةٌ, and incorrectly said by him to be of the dial. of the people of Himyer,)] signifies a stone: (S, M, Mgh, Msb:) [or] the pl. [or quasipl. n.] of سَلِمَةٌ in this sense is ↓ سَلَامٌ, like كَلَامٌ in measure: (Msb:) or ↓ سَلِمَةٌ signifies stones; (K;) or hard stones; (TA;) and ↓ سِلَامٌ is its pl.: (K:) [said to be] so called because of their freedom (سلَامَة) from softness: (TA:) or this last signifies stones, the small thereof and the large; and they assign to it no sing.: (ISh, TA:) or سلام [probably meaning ↓ سَلَامٌ] is a quasi-pl. n.: (Aboo-Kheyreh, TA:) and it is also said to be a name for any broad stone. (TA.) See also سَلَمَان. A poet says, (namely, Bujeyr Ibn-'Anameh, IB, TA,) يَرْمِى وَرَائِى بِامْسَهْكِ وَامْسَهْمِ وَامْسَلِمَهْ [He casts from behind me (i. e. defends me) with the arrow and the stone]: this [usage of ام for ال] is of the dial. of [Teiyi and] Himyer. (S, TA.) السِّلِمْ for السِّلْمْ: see سِلْمٌ, second sentence.

سَلِمَةٌ: see سَلِمٌ, in two places: and سَلَمَان.

A2: Also A woman soft, or tender, in the أَطْرَاف [or fingers, or other extremities]. (K.) b2: And An old and weak she-camel. (IAar, TA in art. سد.) سَلْمَى A certain plant (K, TA) which becomes green in the [season called] صَيْف [app. here meaning spring]. (TA.) b2: أَبُو سَلْمَى The [species of lizard called] وَزَغ: (K:) or, some say, [as is said in the M,] ↓ أَبُو سَلْمَانَ. (TA.) b3: See also the next paragraph. b4: [In the CK, by a mistranscription, a meaning belonging to سُلَامَى is assigned to سَلْمَى.]

السَّلْمَآء, accord. to Aboo-Mis-hal, as meaning The earth, occurs in the prov., أَنْفٌ قِى المَآءِ وَاسْتٌ فِى السَّلْمَآءِ [A nose in the water and a rump on the earth]: and if this be correct, it may be derived from سلام [i. e. سِلَامٌ] meaning “ stones: ” and it may be originally ↓ السَّلْمَى, and lengthened for the sake of the rhyme. (Ham p. 214.) [But the reading commonly known is, أَنْفٌ فِى السَّلْمَآءِ وَاسْتٌ فِى المَآءِ.]

هُوَ سَلْمَانُ بَيْتِهِ He is the special, or particular, friend of his [another's] house; one who mixes with him much: from the saying of the Prophet, سَلْمَانُ مِنَّا أَهْلِ البَيْتِ [Selmán is of us, the people of the house]; referring to Selmán El-Fárisee. (Har p. 472.) b2: أَبُو سَلْمَانَ: see سَلْمَى. b3: Also A species of the [black beetles called] جِعْلَان [pl. of جُعَلٌ, q. v.]: (M:) or i. q. جُعَلٌ, (IAar, K,) or أَبُو جَعْرَان, with fet-h [app. a mistake for kesr] to the ج: (Kr, TA:) or the largest of the جِعْلَان: or a certain insect like the جُعَل, having a pair of wings: (TA:) or the male of the [black beetles called] خَنَافِس [pl. of خُنْفَسَآءُ, q. v.]. (IAar, TA in art. فرض.) سَلَمَان or سَلِمَان, accord. to different readings, occurs in a trad. of Ibn-'Omar, in which it is said, كَانَ يُصَلِّى عِنْدَ سَلَمَانٍ فِى طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ [He used to pray at certain selem-trees, or certain stones, in the road of Mekkeh]: each may be a pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.]; the former, of ↓ سَلَمَةٌ, the “ tree so called; ” the latter, of ↓ سَلِمَةٌ, “ stones ” [or a “ stone: ” but both of these explanations are strange]. (TA.) سَلَامٌ, (S, K, TA,) in its primary acceptation, (TA,) is syn. with ↓ سَلَامَةٌ, (S, K, TA,) as is also ↓ سَلَمٌ, (S, [so in one of my copies, but omitted in the other copy,]) and signifies Safety, security, immunity, or freedom, from faults, defects, imperfections, blemishes, or vices, (S, * [mentioned in one only of my two copies, and there as relating peculiarly to the third word,] K, [in which it ostensibly relates peculiarly to the first word, but in the CK, by the omission of a و before it, it is made to relate only to the second word,] and TA, [accord. to which it relates to the first and second words, as it is well known to do,]) and from evils of any kind: (TA:) or [simply] safety, security, immunity, or freedom; as also ↓ سَلَامَةٌ: (Sb, M:) IKt says that these two words may be dial. vars. [syn. each with the other]; or the former may be pl. of the latter [or rather a coll. gen. n. of which the latter is the n. un.]: (M, TA:) and Suh says, in the R, that most of the lexicologists hold them to have one [and the same] meaning: but that if they considered the language of the Arabs, and the distinction, or limitation, denoted by the ة, they would see that between them is a great difference [inasmuch as the former has a large range of meaning which the latter has not, as will be seen from what follows]. (TA.) سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ is an announcement of the continuance of سَلَامَة [or safety, &c.]: (Bd in xiii. 24:) [it may therefore be rendered Safety, &c., be, or light and abide, on you; or, generally, peace be, or light and abide, on you; for] it means nothing disliked, or evil, shall befall you henceforth: (Bd in xvi. 34:) and سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ [may be rendered in like manner; for it virtually] means I will not do to thee anything that is disliked, or evil; (Bd and Jel in xix. 48;) nor say to thee henceforward what would annoy thee, or be disagreeable, or evil, to thee. (Bd ibid.) It may also be [rendered May safety, &c., or peace, be, or light and abide, on you; as] a prayer for سَلَامَة, to those to whom it is addressed, from the state in which they are at the time. (Bd in xxviii. 55.) [It is generally held that this salutation may not be used by, nor to, any but a Muslim.] In the beginning of an epistle, the approved practice is to write سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ, without the article ال; and in repeating it, at the end, to write it with that article. (Durrat el-Ghowwás, in De Sacy's Anthol. Gramm. Arabe, p. 72 of the Arabic text. [In the latter case, the general practice in the present day is to write simply وَالسَّلَام, suppressing عَلَيْكَ.]) In saluting the dead, one puts عَلَيْكَ first, saying, عَلَيْكَ سَلَامُ اللّٰهِ. (Ham p. 367.) You also say, مَا كَانَ كَذَا وَكَذَا ↓ لَا بِسَلَامَتِكَ [No, by thy safety, such and such things were not]. (S.) السُّلَامُ is also a name of God, (S, M, Msb, K,) [applied to Him in the Kur lix. 23, accord. to some for ذُو السَّلَامِ, i. e. ذُو السَّلَامَةِ,] because of his safety, or freedom, from defect, and imperfection, and cessation of existence; (IKt, M, TA;) or from variations, and as being the everlasting, who brings the creation to nought and will not come to nought; or, accord. to Suh in the R, He is so named [as being the Author of Safety, Security, &c.; i. e.] because He has rendered all his creatures safe, or free, from defectiveness, or unsoundness, and mankind and the jinn, or genii, from the betiding of injustice, or wrong, to them, from Him; and the expositors who assert that He is thus named because of his safety, or freedom, from imperfections, and evils of any kind, utter an unseemly saying, making سَلَامٌ to be syn. with ↓ سَالِمٌ, which latter applies only to him who is liable to evil of any kind, and who expects it, and then becomes safe, or free, from it. (TA.) دَارُ السَّلَامِ is an appellation of Paradise, (M, K,) [applied thereto in the Kur vi. 127 and x. 26,] as being the abode of everlasting safety, or security; (Zj, M, TA;) the abode of safety, or security, from evils of any kind, from death and decrepitude and diseases [&c.]: (TA:) or as being the abode of God. (M, TA.) b2: See also سِلْمٌ, in four places. b3: [As is there stated,] it signifies also Salutation, or greeting; (M, TA;) particularly the salutation of الإِسْلَام [by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ or سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ, expl. above]; (Bd in iv. 96;) a subst. (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) from سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ, (Msb,) [i. e.] from التُّسْلِيمُ, (S, Mgh, TA,) like كَلَامٌ from التَّكْلِيمُ. (Mgh. [See 2, third sentence.]) b4: In the saying in the Kur [xxv. 64], وَإِذَا خَاطَبَهُمُ الْجَاهِلُونَ قَالُوا سَلَامًا [And when the ignorant speak to them, they say, سَلَامًا], this last word signifies تَسَلُّمًا, (Sb, M,) or تَسَلُّمًا مِنْكُمْ [ for نَتَسَلَّمُ مِنْكُمْ تَسَلُّمًا We declare ourselves to be clear, or quit, of you], and مُتَارَكَهً لَلُمْ [ for نُتَارِكُكُمْ مُتَارَكَةً we relinquish you], (Bd,) [and means] there shall be neither good nor evil between us (Sb, M, Bd) and you: it is not the سلام that is used in salutation; for the verse was revealed at Mekkeh, and the Muslims had not then been commanded to salute the believers in a plurality of gods: (Sb, M:) [in iv. 88 of the Kur, which was promulgated afterwards, at ElMedeeneh, is a general command to return a salutation with a better or with the same; but the Sunneh prescribes that the salutation of سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ or سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ when addressed to a Muslim by one not a Muslim is to be returned only by saying وَعَلَيْكَ or وَعَلَيْكُمْ:] or the meaning in xxv. 64 is, they say a right saying, in which they are secure from harming and sinning. (Bd.) Sb asserts that Aboo-Rabee'ah used to say, إِذَا لَقِيتَ فُلَانًا فَقُلْ سَلَامًا, meaning تَسَلُّمًا [for أَتَسَلَّمُ مِنْكَ تَسَلُّمًا, i. e. When thou meetest such a one, say, I declare myself to be clear, or quit, of thee]: and he says that some of them said سَلَامٌ, meaning The case of me and thee is the [case of] being clear, or quit, each of the other; and the [case of] mutual relinquishing. (M.) [It is usual, in the present day, to say, اِفْعَلْ كَذَا وَالسَّلَام, meaning Do thou such a thing, and there will be an end of altercation between us.]

A2: See also سَلِيمٌ.

A3: Also A kind of trees; (S, M, Msb, K;) they assert that they are evergreen; nothing eats them; but the gazelles keep to them, and protect themselves by their shade, but do not hide among them; and they are not great trees, nor of the kind called عِضَاه: (AHn, M:) they are also called ↓ سِلَامٌ; (K;) or this is pl. of سَلَمَةٌ [n. un. of سَلَمٌ], which is of another kind; like as إِكَامٌ is pl. of أَكَمَةٌ: (IB, TA:) n. un. with ة. (S, M.) السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ was said to an Arab of the desert; and he replied, الجَثْجَاثُ عَلَيْكَ: and being asked, “ What is this reply? ” he answered, “They are two bitter trees: thou hast put upon me one, so I have put upon thee the other. ” (K.) A4: See also سَلِمٌ, in two places.

سِلَامٌ: see سَلِمٌ, in two places: A2: and the paragraph here next preceding, last sentence but two.

سَلِيمٌ i. q. ↓ سَالِمٌ, (S, M, K,) which means Safe, secure, or free, (Msb,) from evils of any kind; (K, Msb, TA;) applied to a man: (M:) pl. سُلَمَآءُ; (M, K, TA;) in some copies of the K سَلْمَى, like جَرْحَى pl. of جَرِيحٌ; (TA;) [but this is probably its pl. only when it is used in the sense of جَرِيحٌ or the like, as seems to be the case from what follows.] Also, (M,) applied to a heart: (S, M:) بِقَلْبٍ سَلِيمٍ, in the Kur xxvi. 89, means With a heart free from unbelief: (M, TA:) or, divested of corruptness, or unsoundness: (Er-Rághib, TA:) in the Kur xxxvii. 82, some say that it means with a grieving, or sorrowful, heart; from سَلِيمٌ in the sense here next following. (Bd.) b2: Also i. q. لَدِيغٌ [meaning Bitten by a serpent]; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ سَلَامٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَسْلُومٌ: (K:) app., (S,) as implying a good omen, of safety; (S, M;) or because the person is left (مُسْلَمٌ) to that [bane] which is in him: (IAar, S, * M:) and sometimes it is metaphorically used as meaning (tropical:) wounded: (M:) or it means wounded, at the point of death, (M, K,) as some say: (M:) pl. سَلْمَى. (M, and Ham p. 214.) A2: Also, (M, K,) of a horse, (M,) The part, of the hoof, that is between the أَشْعَر [or hair, or extremity of the skin, next the hoof], (M, TA,) or that is between the أَمْعَر [q. v.], (K,) but the former is the right, (TA,) and the interior of the hoof. (M, K, TA.) سَلَامَةٌ [the most usual inf. n. of سَلِمَ]: see سَلَامٌ, in three places.

A2: Also n. un. of سَلَامٌ applied to a kind of trees [described above]. (S, K.) سُلَامَى, a noun of the fem. gender, (Msb,) A certain bone that is in the فِرْسِن [q. v., here meaning foot] of the camel: (S, K:) this is said by A'Obeyd to be the primary signification: (S:) or the سُلَامَى of the camel are the bones of the فُرْسِن [or foot]: (M:) [for] سُلَامَى is used alike as sing. and pl., and sometimes it has also a pl., (S,) which is سُلَامَيَاتٌ: (S, M, K:) or it is a pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.], of which the sing. [or n. un.] is سُلَامَيَةٌ, signifying the أَنْمَلَة [q. v.] of [any of] the fingers: (IAth, TA:) [but this is a strange explanation:] it is said that the last parts in which مُخّ [here meaning marrow or pulp and the like] remains in a camel when he has become emaciated are the سُلَامَى and eye; and when it has gone from these, he has none remaining: (S:) the pl. سُلَامَيَاتٌ, (S, TA,) or سُلَامَى, (M, Msb,) also signifies the bones of the أَصَابِع, (S, M,) so says Kh, and Zj adds that they are also called the قَصَب, (Msb,) of the hand and of the foot; (M;) [i. e., of the fingers and of the toes; and this seems to be the most common meaning, in relation to a human being; namely, the phalanges of the fingers and of the toes;] that are between every two joints [and what are beyond the extreme joints] of the أَصَابِع: accord. to Lth, the سلامى are the bones of the أَصَابِع [or fingers and toes] and the أَشَاجِع and the أَكَارِع, and are hard and compact bones like كِعَاب [pl. of كَعْبٌ]: (TA: [see the words that I have here left untranslated, for the senses in which they are here used are doubtful:]) accord. to IAar, (M,) certain small bones, of the length of the إِصْبَع [or finger], (M, K,) or nearly so, (M,) or less, (K,) of which there are four, or three, (M,) [or app., five, for the meaning here seems to be the metacarpal and metatarsal bones, to which the terms سُلَامَى and سُلَامَيَاتٌ are sometimes applied, (see أَشْجَعُ and مُشْظٌ,)] in the hand and in the foot, (K,) [i. e.] in each hand and foot: (M:) Ktr says that the سلاميات are the عُرُوق [app. a mistake for عِظَام i. e. bones] of the outer side of the hand and foot: (Msb:) سلامى is also said to signify any small hollow bone: and any bone of a human being: and ISh says that in every horse are six سلاميات [app. in the fore legs and the same in the hind legs; for he seems to mean that the term سلامى is applied to each of the pasternbones and to the coffin-bone; these three corresponding to the phalanges of a human being: see فَصٌّ]: (TA:) it is not allowable to write سلامى otherwise than with what is termed the short alif. (MF, TA.) A2: سُلَامَى, (M, K,) like سُكَّارَى, (K, TA, [in the CK like سَكْرٰى, which is shown to be wrong by a verse cited in the M and TA,]) signifies also The [south, or southerly, wind called] جَنُوب. (M, K.) سَلَامَانٌ A kind of tree, (S, M, K,) growing in soft, or plain, tracts: (M:) Az says, it is like the أَلَآء, which is a tree resembling the myrtle, which changes not in the midst of summer, and which has a produce resembling the head [or ear] of millet (ذُرَة), except that it is smaller than the الآء; tooth-sticks (مَسَاوِيك) are made from it; and its produce is like that of the الآء; and it grows in the sands and the deserts: (TA in art. الأ:) n. un. with ة. (M.) نَمْلُ سُلَيْمَانُ Red ants [lit. the ants of Solomon]. (TA voce أَحْوَى, in art. حو.) سُلَّمٌ A ladder, or a series of stairs or steps, syn. مِرْقَاةٌ, (M, K,) and دَرَجَةٌ, (M,) or مِعْرَاجٌ, (Msb,) upon which one ascends; (S, Mgh;) either of wood or of clay [&c.]: (Mgh:) said by Zj to be so called because it delivers thee (يُسَلِّمُكَ) to the place to which thou desirest to go, (Mgh, TA,) i. e., to some high place, and thou hopest for safety (السَّلَامَة) by means of it: (Er-Rághib, TA:) masc. and fem.; (Lth, M, Mgh;) [app., accord. to Lth and F, generally fem.; for] accord. to Lth, one says, هِىَ السُّلَّمُ and هُوَ السُّلَّمُ; (Mgh;) [and F says,] it is sometimes made masc.: (K:) pl. سَلَالِيمُ (S, Mgh, K) and سَلَالِمُ, (K,) [which latter is the original, for] the ى in سَلَالِيمُ is added by poetic license. (M, TA.) [Hence,] السُّلَّمُ (assumed tropical:) Certain stars, below [those called] العَانَةُ, on the right of them; (K;) as being likened to the سُلَّم [above-mentioned]. (TA.) b2: And The غَرْز [or stirrup of the camel's saddle] (S, K) is sometimes thus called [as being a means of mounting]. (S.) b3: And (tropical:) A means to a thing; (K, TA;) because it leads to another thing like as does the سُلَّم upon which one ascends. (TA.) b4: And السُّلَّمُ is the name of The horse of Zebbán (in the CK Zeiyán) Ibn-Seiyár. (K.) سَالِمٌ: see سَلِيمٌ; and see سَلَامٌ, near the middle of the paragraph. [See also an ex. voce شَاجِبٌ.]

b2: [Hence,] كَلِمَةٌ سَالِمَةُ العَيْنَيْنِ (tropical:) A good word or expression or sentence. (TA.) A2: The saying of J [in the S], (K,) in which he has followed his maternal uncle El-Fárábee, (TA,) that it signifies The portion of skin between the eye and the nose, is a mistake; (IB, K;) and his citation, as an authority, of the verse of 'AbdAllah Ibn-'Omar (K) in which he says, وَجِلْدَةُ بَيْنَ العَيْنِ وَالأَنْفِ سَالِمُ (TA,) is futile: (K:) for, as IB says, Sálim was the son of Ibn-'Omar, who, by reason of his love of him, thus makes him to be as the skin between his eyes and his nose: or, as MF says, the truth is, that the said verse is by Zuheyr, and Ibn-'Omar used it as a proverb: and [SM says], if this be correct, it strengthens the saying of J. (TA.) أَسْلَمُ [More, and most, safe or secure or free from evils of any kind]. You say, هٰذَا أَسْلَمُ مِنْ هٰذَا [This is more safe &c. than this]: and هٰذَا الأَسْلَمُ [This is the most safe &c.]; and هٰذِهِ السُّلْمَى. (Ham p. 214.) A2: And الاسلم [app. الأَسْلَمُ] signifies, like الطفى [i. e. الطَّفْىُ]; The leaves (خُوص) of the دَوْم [or Theban palm]. (Ibn-Beytár, app. from AHn, cited by De Sacy in his Chrest. Arabe, 2nd ed., iii. 480.) الإِسْلَامُ [inf. n. of 4, q. v. b2: It is the general term for The religion of Mohammad: differing from الإِيمَانُ, as shown above: see 4. b3: and hence, for أَهْلُ الإِسْلَامِ, or the like,] The Muslims, collectively. (M in art. بيض, &c.) إِسْلَامِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, الأِسْلَام as meaning the religion of Mohammad. b2: And particularly] A poet of the class next after the مُخَضْرَمُون and next before the مُوَلَّدُون. (Mz 49th نوع.) [See the Preface to the present work, p. ix.] The most celebrated of the poets of this class, it seems, were Jereer, El-Farezdak, El-Akhtal, and Dhu-rRummeh, who were contemporaries, and flourished in the first and second centuries of the Flight. (Mz ubi suprà, and Ibn-Khillikán in art. جَرِير.) b3: لَفْظٌ إِسْلَامِىٌّ A word, or phrase, introduced, or used in a new sense, on the occasion of the promulgation and establishment of the religion of الإِسْلَام, by means of the Kur-án &c. (Mz 20th نوع.) الأُسَيْلِمُ [The vena salvatella;] a certain vein (S, M, K) in the hand, (M,) between the little finger and the finger next to this: (S, K:) it occurs only [thus] in the dim. form. (M.) مُسْلِمٌ act. part. n. of 4 [q. v.]. (Msb.) وَاجْعَلْنَا مُسْلِمِينَ لَكَ, in the Kur ii. 122, means And make both of us self-resigned, or submissive, to Thee: (Bd, Jel:) or, sincere in religion, or without hypocrisy, towards Thee; syn. مُخْلِصَيْنِ: (M, Bd:) and therefore مسلمين is made trans. by means of ل. (M.) b2: [It commonly means One who holds, or professes, the religion of الإِسْلَام.] And one says, ↓ كَأَنَ كَافِرًا ثُمَّ هُوَاليَوْمَ مُسْلَمَةٌ [He was an unbeliever: then, to day, he has become a Muslim]. (M.) مَسْلَمَةٌ: see what next precedes.

المُسَلَّم is said to be used in the sense of ↓ المُسْتَلَم in the saying of El-'Ajjáj, بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالكَعْبَةِ المُسَلَّممِ [Between Es-Safà and the Kaabeh of which the Black Stone is touched with the hand, or kissed: see 8]. (M.) مَسْلُومٌ: see سَلِيمٌ. b2: b3: Also A hide, or skin, tanned with [قَرَظ, or leaves of] the سَلَم. (S, M.) أَرْضٌ مَسْلُومَآءُ A land abounding with the trees called سَلَم. (M, K.) b2: Suh says, on the authority of AHn, that مَسْلُومَآءُ is a name for A collection of سَلَم; like مَشْيُوخَآءُ applied to “ many elders, or men advanced in age. ” (TA.) المُسْتَلَم: see المُسَلَّم. b2: مُسْتَلَمُ القَدَمَيْنِ meansA man soft, or tender, in the feet. (TA.)