عذب
1 عَذُبَ, (
S,
O,
Msb,
K,
TA,)
aor. ـُ (
TA,)
inf. n. عُذُوبَةٌ, said of water, (
S,
O,
Msb,
K,
TA,) [and
app. of wine or other beverage, and of food, (see عَذْبٌ,)] It was, or became, sweet: (
S,
O, *
TA:) or it was, or became, easy and agreeable to be drunk or swallowed. (
Msb.) [See also 12.
b2: Freytag has also assigned to it a meaning belonging to أَعْذَبَ,
q. v.]
A2: عَذَبَ: see 4, in two places.
A3: And see also 2, last sentence.
A4: [عَذِبَ,
inf. n. عَذَبٌ, is mentioned by Golius as signifying “ Quisquiliis aut lente palustri obducta fuit,” and in a similar manner by Freytag; by both as said of water, and as on the authority of the
K: but I find, in the
K, no ground for this, except an explanation of عَذِبٌ, q.
v., of which
ISd knew not a verb.]
2 عذّبهُ,
inf. n. تَعْذِيبٌ, He punished, castigated, or chastised, him: (
S,
O,
Msb,
K:) [and he, or it, tormented, or tortured, him:] originally, he beat him: then, he punished him in any painful manner. (
Msb.) It is said in a
trad., إِنَّ المَيِّتَ يُعَذَّبُ بِبُكَآءِ أَهْلِهِ عَلَيْهِ [Verily the dead will be punished for his family's weeping for him]: the reason of which is probably this; that the Arabs used to charge their families to weep and wail for them; therefore the dead is obnoxious to punishment for his having done this. (
IAth,
TA.) And the verb is used metaphorically in relation to that which has not sensation: a poet says, لَيْسَتْ بِسَوْدَآءَ مِنْ مَيْثَآءَ
مُظْلِمَــةٍ
وَلَمْ تُعَذَّبْ بِإِدْنَآءٍ مِنَ النَّارِ [It (
app. wine) is not black, from Meytha, darkcoloured; nor has it been mulled (such seems to be here the meaning of the verb) by being put near to fire, or by being boiled]. (
L,
TA. [See also مُعَذَّبَةٌ.])
b2: See also 4, in two places.
A2: عذّب سَوْطَهُ, and هدّبهُ, [perhaps a mistranscription for ↓ عَذَبَهُ, for
accord. to Golius, this last and the first here mentioned are
expl. by
Z in the sense here following,] He put an عِلَاقَة [i. e. an عَذَبَة] to his whip: so in the A. (
TA.) 4 اعذب القَوْمُ The people, or party, became in the condition of having sweet water. (
K,
TA. [Freytag has erroneously assigned this meaning to عَذُبَ.])
A2: And اعذب, (
O,
TA,) inf.
n. إِعْذَابٌ, (
K,
TA,) He abstained, or desisted, (
O,
K, *
TA,) عَنْ شَىْءٍ from a thing; (
TA;) and, (
K,
TA,) in like manner followed by عَنْ, (
TA,) he left, quitted, or relinquished, (
K,
TA,) a thing: (
TA:) and ↓ استعذب, (
K,
TA,) likewise followed by عَنْ, (
TA,) signifies the same: (
K,
TA:) and عَذْبٌ, (
K,
TA,) as
inf. n. of ↓ عَذَبَ, (
MF,
TA,) signifies the abstaining, &c., (
K,
MF,
TA,) from a thing: and [particularly] the abstaining (of a man, and of an ass, and of a horse,
TA) from eating, by reason of intense thirst; (
K,
TA;) being neither fasting nor breaking fast; (
TA;) and so عُذُوبٌ as
inf. n. of the same verb. (
MF,
TA.)
A3: And اعذبهُ, (
S,
O,)
inf. n. إِعْذَابٌ; (
K;) and ↓ عذّبهُ, (
O,)
inf. n. تَعْذِيبٌ; (
K;) and ↓ عَذَبَهُ, (
O,)
inf. n. عَذْبٌ; (
K;) He prevented, hindered, withheld, restrained, or forbade, him, (
S,
O,
K, *) عَنِ الأَمْرِ from [doing] the thing, or affair. (
S, O.) One says, أَعْذِبْ نَفْسَكَ عَنْ كَذَا Withhold, or restrain, thyself from such a thing. (
S, O.)
A4: اعذبهُ [He deprived it of its عَذَب; i. e.] he removed from it, (
S,
O,
K,) namely, water, (
K,) or a watering-trough, or tank, (
S,
O,) the floating particles that were upon it, (
S,
O,) or its [green substance termed] طُحْلُب, (
K,) or both of these: (
TA:) and ↓ تَعْذِيبٌ [in like manner] signifies the removing of what is termed عَذَب. (
Bd in ii. 6.) 8 اعتذب He made [the] two ends (عَذَبَتَيْنِ) of his turban to hang down behind. (
O,
K,
TA.) 10 استعذب المَآءَ He reckoned, or esteemed, the water sweet. (
O,
Msb,
TA.)
b2: And He sought sweet water: you say, استعذب لِأَهْلِهِ he sought sweet water for his family. (
TA.)
b3: And He drank the water sweet. (
TA.)
b4: and He drew sweet water. (
S,
O,
K. *) One says, يُسْتَعْذَبُ لِفُلَانٍ مِنْ بِئْرِ كَذَا i. e. [Sweet water] is drawn for such a one from such a well. (
S, O.)
b5: And استعذب لَهُ المَآءَ He brought to him sweet water. (
TA.)
A2: See also 4.
12 اعذوذب, like اِحْلَولَى, said of water, It was, or became, sweet, [like عَذُبَ,] or very sweet. (
Lb,
TA.) عَذْبٌ Sweet water: (
S, O:) or water, (
Msb,) or wine, or beverage, and food, (
K,) that is easy and agreeable to be drunk or swallowed: (
Msb,
K:)
pl. عِذَابٌ (
O,
Msb,
TA) and عُذُوبٌ. (
TA.) You say رَكِيَّةٌ عَذْبَةٌ [A well of sweet water] : and مَآءٌ عَذْبٌ [sweet water]: and also مَآءَةٌ عَذْبَةٌ [a sweet water]: and مَآءٌ عِذَابٌ [sweet water or waters], using a
pl. epithet in this last case because مَآءٌ is a
coll. gen. n., of which مَآءَةٌ is the
n. un. (
TA.) And Aboo-Heiyeh En-Nemeree says, describing water, لَهُ غَلَلٌ بَيْنَ الإِجَامِ عُذُوبُ [Having sweet water permeating amid the reedbeds, or the thickets]: he uses غَلَلٌ as a
coll. gen. n., and therefore pluralizes the
epithet. (
L,
TA.)
b2: One says also نِساءٌ عِذَابُ الثَّنَايَا (assumed
tropical:) [Women sweet in respect of the front teeth]. (
A.)
b3: And إِنَّهُ لَعَذْبُ اللِّسَانِ (assumed
tropical:) [Verily he is sweet in respect of the tongue]; likening his tongue to the water that is termed عَذْب. (
Lh,
TA.)
A2: Also A sort of trees; (
K,
TA;) the same that is called عَذَبٌ [
q. v.]. (
TA.) عَذَبٌ, (
S,
O,
K,) [a
coll. gen. n.] of which, in all its senses, the
n. un. is darr; عَذَبَةٌ, (
K,
TA,) Motes, or particles of rubbish or the like, (
S,
O,
K,
TA,) floating upon water. (
TA.) [In this sense, it is said in the
S and O that عَذَبَةٌ is its
sing. or
n. un.] One says مَآءٌ ذُو عَذَبٍ Water abounding with such motes or particles. (
S, O. See also عَذِبٌ.) And ↓ عَذِبَةٌ has the same meaning as the
n. un. of عَذَبٌ in this sense: (
K:) and signifies likewise, as also ↓ عَذَبَةٌ and ↓ عَذْبَةٌ, (
L,
K,) this last mentioned by
IAar, (
L,) [the green substance called] طُحْلُب (
L,
K,
TA) and عَرْمَض and the like, (
L,
TA,) or طُحْلُب and dung (دِمْن), floating upon water. (
TA.)
b2: And What comes forth next after the fœtus from the womb. (
O,
K.)
A2: Also A sort of trees, (
AHn,
O,
K,) of the shrub-kind: (
AHn, O:) the same that is called عَذْبٌ. (
TA.)
A3: and The pieces of rag that women hold when wailing for the dead; as also مَعَاذِبُ, (
O,
K,)
pl. of ↓ مَعْذَبَةٌ [or probably مِعْذَبَةٌ, like its
syn. مِئْلَاةٌ, originally مِئْلَوَةٌ], or ,
accord. to
AA, an
anomalous pl. of [the
n. un. of عَذَبٌ, i. e.] عَذَبَةٌ: (
O:) one of such pieces of rag is also called مِعْوَزٌ, as well as عَذَبَةٌ. (
TA.)
b2: And Straps, or thongs: (
S, O:) or the extremities thereof; as also ↓ عَذَبَاتٌ. (
TA.) So in the saying of Dhu-r-Rummeh, (
S,
O,
TA,) describing dogs of the chase, (
O,) غُضْفٌ مُهَرَّتَةُ الأَشْدَاقِ ضَارِيَةٌ مِثْلُ السَّرَاحِينِ فِى أَعْنَاقِهَا العَذَبُ [Having pendulous ears, wide in the sides of the mouth, habituated to the chase, resembling wolves, with straps, or thongs, or the extremities thereof, upon their necks]. (
S,
O,
TA.)
b3: Also, (
K,) or ↓ عَذَبَةٌ, in this and other senses following, (
S,
O,
Msb, &c.,) [the former evidently wrong, the latter (as is said in the
K) being its
n. un. in all its senses,] The string with which a balance, or pair of scales, is raised. (
S,
O,
Msb,
K.)
b4: And The end, or extremity, of a whip; (
Mgh in art. ثمر, and
Msb;) its tail; also called its ثَمَرَة: (
Mgh ubi suprà:) or its عِلَاقَة, (
TA in the present art.,) which means the [suspensory] thong in the handle thereof: (
TA in art. علق:) or [it may have both of these significations, for it is said that it is] one of the عَذَبَتَانِ of a whip. (
S, O.)
b5: The end, or extremity of anything. (
A,
K.)
b6: The extremity of the tongue; (
S,
O,
Msb;) its [tip or] narrow extremity: (
TA:)
pl. ↓ عَذَبَاتٌ. (
Msb.) One says, أَلْسِنَتِهِمْ ↓ الحَقُّ عَلَى عَذَبَاتِ [Truth is on the tips of their tongues]. (
A,
TA.)
b7: The extremity of the penis of a camel: (
ISd,
K,
TA:) or the extremity of a camel's penis thin in the fore part. (
TA.)
b8: The part that hangs down of the [thong called] شِرَاك [
q. v.] of a sandal. (
O,
TA. [See also ذُؤَابَةٌ.])
b9: A piece of skin which is hung behind the hinder part (مُؤْخِرَة,
O,
K, or مُؤَخَّرَة,
CK) of the [camel's saddle called] رَحْل, (
O,
K,) from its upper portion; (O;) also termed ذُؤَابَةٌ. (
TA in art. ذأب.)
b10: And عَذَبٌ [
accord. to the
TA, but correctly ↓ عَذَبَةٌ, (see 8,)] The portion [i. e. end] of a turban, that is made to hang down between the shoulders. (
TA.)
b11: And the same, [correctly ↓ عَذَبَةٌ, as is shown by what follows,] A piece of rag [or strip of linen or the like, called in French cravate,] that is bound upon the head of a spear. (
TA.) One says, خَفَقَتْ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ العَذَبُ (
A,
TA) i. e. خِرَقُ الأَلْوِيَةِ [The cravates fluttered over his head]. (
A.)
b12: And ↓ عَذَبَةٌ signifies also A branch of a tree; (
S,
O,
Msb;) and so ↓ عَذِبَةٌ. (
TA.) عَذِبٌ (
K,
TA) and ↓ ذُو عَذَبٍ (
TA) Water overspread by [the green substance termed] طُحْلُب: (
K,
TA:) or abounding therewith, and with motes, or particles of rubbish or the like: (
TA:) [or the latter signifies as
expl. before: see عَذَبٌ, third sentence:] عَذِبٌ is thought by
ISd to be a possessive
epithet, [meaning ذُو عَذَبٍ,] because he found no verb belonging to it. (
TA.)
A2: عَذِبٌ is also
syn. with عَظِبٌ meaning A man alighting, or abiding, in places of dried-up herbage, and in a waterless desert. (
TA in art. عظب.) عَذْبَةٌ: see عَذَبٌ.
A2: Also A certain tree, that kills camels, (
O,
K,
TA,) if they eat thereof. (
TA.)
b2: And A well-known medicine. (
K,
TA. [In some copies of the
K, دَآءٌ, or “ disease,” is put for دَوَآءٌ,
accord. to the
TK, as observed by Freytag.]) عَذَبَةٌ, and its
pl. عَذَبَاتٌ: see عَذَبٌ, in nine places.
b2: The
pl. above mentioned signifies also The legs of a she-camel. (
TA.) عَذِبَةٌ: see عَذَبٌ, fourth and last sentences.
A2: Also What is taken forth from طَعَام [i. e. wheat, or corn in general,] and thrown away; (
Lh,
K,
TA;) being the worst thereof; also termed عَذِرَةٌ. (
Lh,
TA in art. عذر.)
A3: And Pasturage, or herbage: so in the phrase مَآءٌ مَا بِهِ عَذِبَةٌ, (
O,) or مَآء لَا عَذِبَةَ فِيهِ [Water where is no pasturage, or herbage]. (
TA.)
b2: It is also
expl. in copies of the
K as signifying, with the article, مَا أَحَاطَ مِنَ الدِّرَّةِ: but the right explanation is مَا أَحَاطَ بِالدَّبْرَةِ [
app. meaning The ridge of earth that surrounds a sown piece of ground to retain the water for irrigation (see دَبْرٌ)], as in the
M and
L &c. (
TA.) عَذَبِىٌّ, (thus in my copies of the
S,) or عُذَبِىٌّ, (
O,
K,
TA,) with the pointed ذ,
accord. to
AA, mentioned in the
T in art. عدب, as written with the unpointed د, and here said in the
K to be
syn. with عُدَبِىٌّ, (
TA,) Generous in natural dispositions. (
AA,
S,
O,
TA.) أَصَابَهُ عَذَابُ عِذَبِينَ, (
O,
K,
TA,) with kesr to the ع and fet-h to the ذ, (
O,
TA,) like بِلَغِينَ, (
K,
TA, in the
CK عُذَبِينَ like بُلَغِينَ,) and أَصَابَهُ العِذَبُونَ, (
O,
TA,) [May the punishment that will not be remitted befall him, or] may his punishment not be remitted: (
O,
K,
TA:) so says Ibn-Buzurj. (
O,
TA.) عَذَابٌ Punishment, castigation, or chastisement, [or] such as serves to give warning to others than the sufferer, or to restrain the offender from repeating the offence;
syn. عُقُوبَةٌ, (
S,
O,) or نَكَالٌ: (
K, and
Ksh and
Bd in ii. 6:) so termed from عَذَبَ “ he prevented ” &c.; because it prevents the person punished from returning to the like of his offence, and prevents others from doing the like of that which he has done: (
MF,
TA:) [it generally signifies any corporal punishment:] and, by an extension of the original signification, any [infliction of] pain that disgraces, or puts to shame: (
Ksh and
Bd ubi suprà:) originally, beating: afterwards used to signify any painful punishment: [torture; or torment:] and metaphorically applied to (
tropical:) an affair, or event, that is difficult, distressing, afflicting, or troublesome; whence the saying, السَّفَرُ قِطْعَةٌ مِنَ العَذَابِ [Travel is a portion of that which is difficult, &c.; or of torment]: (
Msb:) in the
Kur xxiii. 78, it means hunger, or famine: (
Zj,
O,
TA:) the
pl. is أَعْذِبَةٌ: (
Zj,
K,
TA:) the author of the
K says in art. نهر [
voce نَهَارٌ] that it has no
pl.: [and it seems to be doubted whether it have a
pl. because it is properly an
inf. n. though its verb in the unaugmented form is not used:] but
MF observes that if it be a name for that whereby one is prevented [from repeating an offence], as hunger, or famine, agreeably with what
Zj says, there is no reason why it should not have this
pl. (
TA.) عَذُوبٌ: see عَاذِبٌ, in seven places.
عَذَابَةٌ The womb; thus mentioned by
Az, on the authority of El-Mundhiree and
AHeyth, with the pointed ذ; (
O,
TA;)
i. q. عَدَابَةٌ. (
K,
TA.) عَاذِبٌ and ↓ عَذُوبٌ, applied to a horse or the like, &c., (
S,
O,) Such as is standing still, or stopping from fatigue, (قَائِمٌ,
S,) that will not eat nor drink: (
S, O:) or abstaining, or that abstains, from eating, by reason of intense thirst; (
K,
TA;) applied to a man, and an ass, and a horse: but
Az says that the assertion respecting these two epithets that they signify [a horse, &c.] that neither eats nor drinks is more correct than the assertion respecting ↓ عَذُوبٌ that it signifies [one] that abstains from eating by reason of his thirst: also, that عَاذِبٌ signifies any animal, but generally a horse and a camel, that will not eat anything:
accord. to
Th, this and ↓ عَذُوبٌ signify a horse or the like standing still, or stopping from fatigue, (قَائِمٌ,) that raises his head, and will not eat nor drink; and the former, that passes a night without eating anything: (
TA:) the
pl. of عَاذِبٌ is عُذُوبٌ, like as سُجُودٌ is a
pl. of سَاجِدٌ: and the
pl. of ↓ عَذُوبٌ is عُذُبٌ, and,
accord. to A 'Obeyd, عُذُوبٌ [like as هُجُودٌ is
pl. of هَجُودٌ]:
Az says that this is a mistake, for a word of the measure فَعُولٌ does not form a
pl. of the measure فُعُولٌ; but [
SM says] this is an
extr. instance; and he who preserves an authority in his mind is an evidence against him who does not. (
TA.) One says, ↓ بَاتَ عَذُوبًا, meaning He passed the night without eating or drinking anything; because abstaining therefrom. (
O.)
b2: عَاذِبٌ signifies also [Unsheltered;] having no covering between him and the sky; (
O,
K;) and so ↓ عَذُوبٌ. (
K,
TA.) El-Jaadee says, describing a wild bull (ثَوْر وَحْشِىّ [a species of bovine antelope]) that had passed the night alone, tasting nothing, لِلسَّمَآءِ كَأَنَّهُ ↓ فَبَاتَ عَذُوبًا سُهَيْلٌ إِذَا مَا أَفْرَدَتْهُ الكَوَاكِبُ [And he passed the night exposed without shelter to the sky, as though he were Canopus when the other stars have left him solitary]. (
TA.) الأَعْذَبَانِ [The two most sweet things;] saliva (الرِّيق,
S,
O,
K, or الرُّضَاب, A) and wine: (
S,
A,
O,
K: [for, in the amorous language of the Arab, the sweetness of the saliva of his beloved is often praised:]) or food and coïtus. (
K.) لِجَامٌ مُعْذِبٌ A bridle that withholds from going away in a headlong manner. (
O.) مَعْذَبَةٌ [or مِعْذَبَةٌ?]: see عَذَبٌ.
مُعَذَّبَةٌ [for خَمْرٌ مُعَذَّبَةٌ] Wine mixed [with water, or with some other thing or things]. (
A,
TA.)
b2: And معذب [
app. مُعَذَّب] is applied by the vulgar to Fresh ripe dates soaked with water. (
TA voce مَنْقُوشٌ.)
A2: سَوْطٌ مُعَذَّبٌ A whip having an عِلَاقَة [or عَذَبَة] attached to it. (
TA.) اِمْرَأَةٌ مَعْذَابُ الرِّيقِ A woman whose saliva is pleasant to be swallowed, and sweet. (
TA.)
